TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

BULLETIN NO. 209 JANUARY, 1§917

PROGRESS REPORT, SUBSTATION

NO. 2. TROUP, TEXAS

1901-1914

 

B. YOUNGBLOOD, DIRECTOR,
COLLEGE STATION, BRAZOS COUNTY, TEXAS.

[Blank Page in Original Bulletin]

TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT 

JANUARY,19l7

BULLETIN NO. 209

PROGRESS REPORT, SUBSTATION
NO.‘ 2, TROUP, TEXAS

1901-1014

BY

W. S. HOTCHKISS,

Superintendent

 

B. YOUNGBLOOD, DIRECTOR,
COLLEGE STATION, BRAZOS COUNTY, TEXAS.

<E>
AUSTIN,TEXAS A
V0 N BOECKMANN-JONES CO., PRINTERS

AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE OF TEXAS

W. B. BizzELL, A. M., D. C. L., President

TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Jorm I. GUION, President, Ballinger" . . . . . . . . . . . .

L. J. HART, Vice-President, San Antonio . . . . . . . .

Bryan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

J. R. KUBENA, Fayetteville . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

uero . . . . . . . . . . . .- . . . . . . . . . . .

WiLL A. MILLER JR., Amarillo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

JoRN C. DICKSON, Paris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

H. A. BREIHAN, Bartlett . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F. M. LAw, Houston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

E.H . Asrm,
A. B. Davidson, C

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MAIN STATION COMMITTEE

L.fJ._HAR'r,"_Chairman

WiLL A. MiLLER, JR.

GOVERNING BOARD, STATE SUBSTATIONS

P. L. Downs, President, Temple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHARLIE! RooAN. Vice-President, Austin . . . . . . . .
W. P. Honey, Beaumont . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I. E. Booo-Scorr, Coleman . . . . . . ..' . . . . . . . . . . .

1923

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STATION STAFF*

ADMINISTRATION
B. YOUNGBLOOD, M. S., Director
A. B. CONNER, B. S., Vice Director
CHAS. A. FELKER, Chief Clerk
A. S. \VARE, Secretary i

DIVISION OF VETERINARY SCIENCE _
M. FRANCIS, D. V. S., Veterinarian in
Charge I _
H. SCHMIDT, D. V. M., Veterinarian

DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY

G. S. FRAPs, Ph. D., Chemist in Charge;
State Chemist

W. T. P. SPROTT, B. S., Assistant Chemist

H. LEEEsoN, M. S., Assistant Chemist

CHARLES BUCHWALD, M. S., Assistant
Chemist

DIVISION OF HORTICULTURE _
H. NEss, M. S., Horticulturist in Charge
W. S. Hotchkiss, Horticulturist

DIVISION OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
J. . BURNS, B. S., Animal Husbandman,
Feeding Investigations _
J. M. JoNEs, A. M., Animal Husbandman,
Breeding Investigations

DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY _ _

F. B. Paddock, M. S., Entomologist in
Charge; State Entomologist _
. . REmnARo, B. S., Assistant Ento-
mologist

County Apiary Inspectors

R. C. Abernathy, Ladonia; William Atch-
ley, Mathis; J. W. E. Basham,-Barstow;
Victor Boeer, Jourdanton: T. W. Burle-
son, Waxahachie; W. C. Collier, Goliad;
E. W. Cothran, Roxton; G. F. Davidson,
Pleasanton; John Done%an, Seguin; A.
R. Graham, Milano; J. . Kinq, Bates-
ville; N. G. LeGear, Waco; R. A. Little,
Pearsall; M. C. Stearns, Brady; S. H.
Stephens, Uvalde; M. B. Tally, Victoria;
James W. Traylor, Enloe; R. E. Watson,
Heidenheimer; \V. H. White, Greenville;
W. P. Bankston, Buffalo; F. C. Belt,
Ysleta.

DIVISION OF AGRONOMY _

A. B. CONNER, B. S., Agronomist in Charge

A. H. LEimoR, B. S., Agronomist

Louis WERMELSKIRCHEN, B. S., Agronomist

DIVISION OF PLANT PATHOLOGY AND

PHYSIOLO Y
J_. TAUBENI-IAUS, _Ph._ D., Plant Patholo-
gist and Physiologist in Charge

A. D. JOHNSON, B. S., Graduate Assistant

DIVISION OF POULTRY HUSBANDRY _
R. N. HARVEY, B. S., Poultrgman in Charge

DIVISION OF PLANT BREEDING _
E. P. HUMBERT, Ph. D., Plant Breeder in
Charge _
J. S. MocFoRi), B. S., Graduate Assistant

DIVISION OF DAIRYING
J. E. Harper, M. S., Dairgman in Charge

DIVISION OF FEED CONTROL SERVICE
JAMEs SULLIVAN, Executive Secretary
J. H. RooERs, Inspector
. H. W000, Inspector
. H. WOLTERS, Inspector
. D. PEARcE, Inspector
W. M. WICKES, Inspector

SUBSTATION NO. 1: Beeville, Bee County
E. E. BINFORD, B. S., Superintendent

SUBSTATION NO. 2: Troup, Smith County
W. S. Horcnmss, Superintendent

SUBSTATION NO. 3: Angleton, Brazoria
County _
N. E. WINTERS, B. S., Superintendent

SUBSTATION NO. 4: Beaumont, Jetferson
County
H. H. LAUDE, B. S., Superintendent

SUBSTATION NO. 5: Temple, Bell County
D. T. KILLOUGH, B. S., Superintendent

SUBSTATION No. 6: Denton, Denton County
C. H. McDowELL, B. S., Superintendent

SUBSTATION NO. 7: Spur, Dickens County
R. E.~,,Dici<sor~:, B. S., Superintendent '
SUBSTATION NO. 8: Lubbock, Lubbock
County
R. E. KARPER, B. S., Superintendent
SUBSTATION NO. 9: Pecos, Reeves County
J. W. JAcKsoN, B. S., Superintendent
SUBSTATION NO. l0: (Feeding and Breed-
ing Substation) College Station, Brazos
County
E._R. SPENCE, B. S., Animal Husbandman,
in Charge of Farm _ _
G. F. JORDAN, B. S., Scientific Assistant
SUBSTATION NO. 11: Nacogdoches, Naeog-
doches County _
G. T. McNEss, Superintendent
*"SUBSTATION NO. 12: Chillicothe. Harde-
man County _
R. W. EnwARos, B. S., Superintendent
SUBSTATION NO. 14: Sonora, Sutton
County _
E. M. PETERS, B. S., Acting Superintendent

vzqé

CLERICAL ASSISTANTS

J. M. Scr-iAEnEL, Stenogra her
DAISY LEE, Registration lerk

W. F. CHRISTIAN, Stenographer
ELIZABETH WALKER, Stenographer
E. E. KiLnoRN, Stenographer

*As of February 1, 1917.

C. L. DURST, Mailing Clerk

A. T. JAcKsoN, Stenpgrapher
CARL ABELL, Scientific Assistant
F. C. MARcwLinEs. Stenographer

"In cooperation with United States Department of Agriculture.

FOREWORD.

The annual progress reports of the various substations may be con-
udereci part of the general annual report. Much credit is due Mr.
k. B. Conner, in his capacityas Vice Director, and Mr. A. H. Leidigh,
11 his capacity as Agronomist, for painstaking Work in checking figures
1nd editing this and other substation progress reports, and grateful
lcknmvledgment is hereby made. .

B. Yonnontoon,
Director.

[Blank Page in Original Bulletin]

PROGRESS REPORT, SUBSTATION N O. 2, TROUP, TEXAS,
1901-1914.

' BY
w. s.‘ HOTOHKISS, SUPERINTENDENT.

Substation llo. 2, of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station,
was established in the fall of 1901. It is located in the extreme
southern part of Smith county, latitude 32° 20’ N., longitude 95° 17'
W, one mile northeast of the town of Troup, on the International &
Great Northern Railroad. The elevation is four hundred and sixty-
seven feet above sea-level. Troup is sixty-five miles from the eastern
boundary of the State and one hundred and fifteen miles south of
Red River.

The substation consists of one hundred and fifty acres, of which
eighty acres are in cultivation. The remainder of the tract is in timber.

The greater part of the soil is a gray sand, varying from zero to
twenty-four inches in depth, underlaid with a stiff plastic, red and
mottled clay subsoil. It is classed as Susquehanna fine sandy loam,
and is representative of a large part of the gray soils of the fruit
section of East Texas. Red clay appears in the Washed spots.

The first work at the substation was begun in the fall of 1901, and
consisted, mostly, in clearing new land preparatory to planting the
variety orchards and vineyards. During the first four years. of the sub-
station’s existence, approximately five thousand stumps were removed
and the land put into shape for experiment purposes.

In 1902-1903 a barn 26x64 feet, a seven-room two-story dwelling,
and a nine-room office and laboratory building, containing also a room
for public meetings, were erected. Later a four-room tenant house and
a 24x36-foot implement shed were added to the improvements.

Much difiiculty has been encountered in securing an adequate water
supply on the substation grounds. Several wells have been dug, but
the vyater obtained has been so strongly impregnated with sulphate of
aluminum that it is unfit for household use. 'Livestock, however, will
drink it after becoming accustomed to it.

A pronounced tendency toward a wet spring is the chief characteristic
0f the rainfall distribution in this section of the State. The average
annual rainfall for ten years is 44.34 inches. Approximately twenty-
four inches occur during the six months beginning March 1 and end-
ing August 31. The general yearly precipitation and its distribution
is quite regular for Texas. This regularity of rainfall is favorable for
the production of fruits, yregettables and similar products.

Table l shows the monthly precipitation for the period from Jan-
uary, 1905, to December, 1914.

6 TEXAS AGnreULTrtnAI. lJlXPI~TRIMI~INT STATION.

TABLE 1.
Rainfall for the Period January 1905, to December 1914, Inclusive, Inches.

Year. 1905 1906 1907 1908  1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 Aver-

, age.

January.... 3.46 1.94 2.89 2.13 .38 1.34 .45 .89 3.11 1.14 1 773
February... 4.10 2.71 2.19 4.23 3.45 5.05 3.93 1.79 5.11 2.44 3.500
March..... 5.03 3.01 2.39 2.74 2.56 2.56 3.38 7.83 4.86 7.08 4144
April 9.23 2.21 3.68 6.64 2.81 4.61 7.32 5.05 2.89 3.27 4 771
May . . . . . .. 4.04 4.88 7.79 15.87 2.05 5.88 2.28 2.58 1.48 13.42 6 027
June . . . . . .. 5.04 7.67 1.26 1.61 1.72 2.18 .68 6.72 1.25 2.15 3 028
July . . . . . .. 6.05 5.89 4.78 .79 1.46 1.76 6.19 2.55 2.13 .33 3 193
August... . 2.00 3.09 2.18 6.04 1.26 3.78 1.31 4.03 .69‘ 3.63 2 801
Septemben. 2.73 2.57 1.69 4.35 3.46 1.11 .28 .74 10.19 1.96 2 908
October.... 3.34 4.28 4.83 1.18 2.41 .91 2.89 2.84 4.11 .99 2 778
November.. 8.02 3.78 11.02 1.58 1.14 1.36 2.30 60 1 19 4.36 3 535
December. . 7.56 6.49 3.85 3.52 6.00 4.30 7.26 4 89 7 86 7.12 5 885
Total. . .. 60.60 48.52 48.55 50 68 28 7O 34 84 38.27 40 51 44 87 47 89 44.343

Average annual rainfall for ten years 44.34 inches.

The early Work of the substation was chiefly along horticultural lines,
fertilizers for vegetables, variety tests of orchard fruits, grape variety
tests and the like. Later, however, more agronomic and less horti-
cultural work has been done. _

Publications relating to the Work conducted on the substation are
as follows: i.

Bulletin No. 71——Irish Potatoes. (Exhausted) a

Bulletin No. 72—3t1aw'berries at Troup Station. (Exhausted)

Bulletin No. 84-—Ton1ato Fertilizers at Troup. (Exhausted)

Bulletin No. 101—Irish Potato Fertilizer Experiments. (EX-

hausted.)
Bulletin No. 121—Report of Progress at Troup Substation.

At this time a large number of experiments are under way and many
are not yet. far enough advanced to render it possible to report results.
The experiments reported upon in this bulletin are:

Cotton varietyjests.

Corn variety tests. .
Fertilizer tests with sweet potatoes.
Fertilizer tests with waterrnelons.
Fertilizer tests with strawberries.
Peach varieties.

Grape varieties.

:QI$:JI>_-PUJIO)—\

COTTON VARIETIES.

During 191.2. 1913 and 1914, seventy-eight varieties and strains of
cotton were tested. In 1912 the rows were tour feet apart and the
plants eighteen inches apart in the drill. In 1913 the rows were
three feet apart and the plants twelve inches in the row. In 1914 the
rows were three and three-tenths feet apart and the plants fourteen
inches in the row.

Tables 2 and 3 show the summary of the varieties tested, the yields
each year and the earieties averaging the largest yields of seed cotton

per acre.

PROGRESS Rnronr, StiBsirA-rron No. 2,'1901-1914. '2’

TABLE 2.
Most Productive Cotton Varieties out of Seventy-eight Varieties in Three Years.

Yields Expressed in Pounds of Seed Cotton per Acre.

  
 

  

T. S. Variety. Source. Yield
N0.
1912—
74 Allen’s L. S . . . . . . . . Amzi Godden Seed Co., Birmingham, Alabama. . . . . . . .  870
122 C0ok’s L. S . . . . . . . . Peter Henderson Seed Co., New York City . . . . . . . . . . . . 820
Cleveland B. B. . . . . Amzi Godden Seed Co., Birmingham, Alabama... . . . . . . 810
119 Keenan . . . . . . . . . . . H. Eugene Fant, Seneca, South Carolina . . . . . . . 800

118 Long Staple . . . . . . . Texas Seed and Floral Co., Dallas, Texas... . . . . . . . .1 780

78 Hendricks. . . . . . . A. F. Hendricks, Blair, Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  760

79 Jackson . . . . . . . . . . . James Jackson, Pottsboro, Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 740

128 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . F. K. McGinnis, Terrell, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730

16 Crowder. . .. . . . . . . . E. A. Crowder, Marquez, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720

1911120 Burn’s L. S . . . . . . . . H. Eugene Fant, Seneca, South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720
152 Mortgage Lifter. . .. H. G. Hastings & Co., Atlanta, Georgia. .  . . . . . . . . 875
446 Slmpkins Prolific. ..lNorth Carolina Test Farm, Raleigh, N. C. . . . . . . . .  882
476 Texas Oak. . . . . . . . . N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Georgia. . . . 811

16 Crowder. . . . . . . . . . . E. A. Crowder, Marquez, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783

129 Edgeworth . . . . . . . . J. C. Little, Lewisville, Georgia.~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 781

472 Peterkin . . . . . . . . . . N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., 774

443 Half and Half . . . . . . Oscar Haaga, Memphis, Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 756

412 Foster’s L. S . . . . . . . Wilmon Newell, Entomologist, College Station, Texas. . 747

469 Hawkins . . . . . . . . .. N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 743

191120 Culpepper B. B. . . WN. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . .  737

474 Truitt.  .. . . . . . . MN. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715

411 Hite’s Er. Pro. . .. . . W. T. Hite, Augusta, Georgia, Route 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715

1153 Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alabama Experiment Station, Auburn, Alabama. .  . . . 705

476 Texas Oak... . . . . . .‘N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702

469 Hawkins . . . . . . . . . . N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693

170 Hartsville . . . . . . . . . .I. L. Coker & Co., Hartsville, South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . 678

481 C0ok’s B. B . . . . . . . N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665

478 Allen’s L. S . . . . . . . . N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . .! 662

129 Edgeworth. . . . . . . .  C. Little, Lewisville, Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

480 ‘Culpepper B. B. . . .IN. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. TABLE 3.
Ten Varieties Averaging Best Yields of Seed Cotton in Two or More Tests.
Yields Expressed in Pounds of Seed Cotton per Acre.

I‘ S. No. Yield
No. Variety Source. tests. ’ per acre.
476 Texas Oak... . . . . . . N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Ga . . . . . . . . . .. 2 756

128 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . F. K. McGinnis_. Terrell, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 , 732

469 Hawkins . . . . . . . . . . N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Ga . . . . . . . . . . . 2 718

474 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Ga . . . . . . . . . . . 2 716

129 Edgeworth . . . . . . . . J. C. Little, Lewisville, Ga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 715

16 Crowder. . .. . . . . . . . E. A. Crowder, Marquez, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 702
152 Mort age Lifter. . . . H. G. Hastin s Seed Co., Atlanta, Ga... . . . . . . 2 698
472 Peter in. . . . . . . . . .. N. L. Willet eed Co., Augusta, Ga . . . . . . . . . . . 2 697
480 Culpepper B. B. . . . N. L. Willet Seed Co., Augusta, Ga . . . . . . . . . . . 2 691
443 Half and Half... . . . Oscar Haaga, Memphis, Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 690

Table 3 shows No. 476, Texas Oak, a small boll variety, to be the
reaviest producer of seed cotton. It is quite certain, however, that
8T0. 128, Mebane, yielded more lint, this variety showing an average
>f 38 per cent-lint. No. 16, Crowder, averaged over 35 per cent.
int, and, therefore, equals N0. 476, Texas Oak, in the production of
int per acre. The table, however, contains the ten varieties which
nay be expected to produce the largest yields of lint cotton per acre.

Other things being equal, the big boll varieties should be preferable

or planting, as they have the advantage of being generally more storm-

7‘ExAs.AGRI0ULTuuALiExPERIA

242.6

 

STATIQX.

Pnosnnss REPORT, SUBSTATION N0. 2, 1901-1914. 9

 resistant and, on account of the size of the bolls, are much more easily
picked.

CORN VARIETIES.

 

g The following tables, Nos. 4, 5 and 6,. give the summary yields
 of plat tests with forty-seven varieties and strains of “corn conducted

‘ff in 1912, 1913 and 1914. The tests were made on rather thin up-
land, a soil typical of the poorer uplands of East Teras. The yields
‘of 1913 were greatly reduced by a protracted drouth during May,
June, and July, and this accounts for the low yields shown in Table
i5. In 191.2 the varieties were planted in single plats, but in 1913
each variety was repeated six times in the field and in 1914. four times.

yThe following table shows-the average yields from these repeated plats.

 

    
  
  
 
  
 
  
   
  
   
   
  
   
  
   
   
  
   
    
 
  

TABLE 4.
Most Productive Corn Varieties out of Forty-seven Varieties Tested in Three Years.
Yields Expressed in Bushels of Corn in Cob per Acre,

 

Variety. I Source. Yield.
I

Munson . . . . . . . . . .. A. M. Fer uson, Sherman, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.5
Red Indian Chief... Texas See and Floral Co., Dallas, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.7
Strawberry. .  . . . . H. E. Singleton, McKinney, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.8
olliVléhodna White [T S d d-Fl 1 C D ll T 28 5

on er......... exas ee an 0., a , . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .

Texseed Giant whiteyTexas Seed and Flgigl Co., Dallgg, Tggd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.9

Virginia White DentyT. W. Wood & Sons, Richmond, Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.6

Mexican June Corn. Substation No. 8, Lubbock, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.9

' Blount’s Prolific. . . . IT. W. Wood 8: Sons, Richmond, Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.9

Snowflake . . . . . . . . . IT. W. Wood 8c Sons, Richmond Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.9

Red Indian Chief... lTexas Seed and Floral Co., Dallas, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5

Boone County White T. W. Wood & Sons, Richmond, Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \ 21.3

Yellow Dent . . . . . . . A. M. Ferguson, Sherman. Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.5

U. S. Selection 159.. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. . . . 20.

Strawberry . . . . . . . . J. L. F. Fentress, San Saba, Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19. 1

Irnp. So. Snowflake. IT. W. Wood & Sons, Richmond, Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ 18.6

TABLE 5.
Five Varieties Averaging Best Yields of Corn per Acre for Two Years.
_ i Years
Variety. l Source. tested. Yield.
l

Munson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. M. Fer uson, Sherman, Texas . . . . . . . . . 1912—13 22 I)

Red Indian Chief. . . . . . . Texas See and Floral Co., Dallas, Texas.. 1912—13 22.1
- Strawberry . . . . . . . . . . . . H. E. Singleton, McKinney, Texas . . . . . . . 1912—13 20.5

Okla. White Wonder.. . . Texas Seed and Floral Co., Dallas, Texas. . 1912—13 20.4

Texseed Giant White. . . Texas Seed and Floral Co., Dallas, Texas. . 1912-13 19 1

FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH SWEET POTATOES.

 ertilizer work with sweet potatoes was conducted for three years,
 1908, and 1911. The land used in 1907 was a poorly drained
Be of the Susquehanna fine sandy loam, which varied from four to
ifuinches in depth. The plats in 1908 and 1911 were on a better
 ed soil, which varied from six to twelve inches in depth.

10 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL lilxilurzrhilslir STATION.

In all the experiments a very good ‘strain of the Dooley yam variety
was used. Tables 6 and '7 show the detailed plans of the experiment,
and Tables 8 and 9 show the summaries.

TABLE 6.
Fertilizer Experiments with Sweet Potatoes, 1907-1908.

_ _ Pounds of Yield in bushels per acre.
Plat. Kind of Fertilizer Used. fertilizer
per acre. 1907 1908 Average.
1 Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 65 92.5

2 Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 20s l 79 143.5

s Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . f. . . . . . . . . . . . 32o 20s s5 146.5

4 Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 215 85 l 150.0

5 Sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., so 14s l s3 129 . 5

s Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . 125 l s4 94.5

7 Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 ' 500 23o l 0o 1s0.o

s Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 500 242 l 11s i 179.0

9 Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 320 l 

Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .~ 260 268 127 l 158.0

1O Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1' 260

Sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘ 80 ‘ 207 13o 171 0

11 Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . § 320 

Sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  80  181 124 152 5

12 Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..l . . . . . . . . . 11s l 9s 1os.o

Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 320 l l

13 Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  260 f '

Sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .= 80  249 104 l 176.5

Nitrate of soda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .l 130 'f

14 Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .l 320 = ‘

Sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 8O f 246 157 l 201.5

15 Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5s0 221 l 125 113.0

1s Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 580 22s l 10s 151.0

17 Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13o l e3 111.5

Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400

18 Cotton seed meal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

Sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 220 131 l 153.5

Puooiuass Heroin‘, SUBSTATIOX X0. 2, 1901-1914.

TABLE 7.

Fertilizer Experiments with Sweet Potatoes, 1911.

1

; i Pounds of: Yield in

1

Plat, Kind of Fertilizer Used. 1. fertilizer p bushels
; per acre. l per acre.
We é
1 ECheck . . . . . .. . . . . . . _ . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . .. 69.8

2 ‘Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20o 81.3

a Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 200 96.0

4 Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 117.2

5 Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘ 300 95.5

6 Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p 150

Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 96,0

7 Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75.3

8 Sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8O 77,4

9 Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 200

Sulphate oi potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8O 98,1

Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  150

10 Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 150 i

Sulphate of potash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8O E 98.1

11 Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 I

Sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘ 80  97.1

12 Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i 200 

Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 200 * 101 . 1

13 Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4

14 Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300

Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 95.5

Acid phosphate. ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

15 Nitrate 0f soda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 92.2

Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

16 Nitrate of soda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 ‘

Sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5, 79.6
TABLE 8.
Summary Table Showing Eflect of Different Fertilizers.
Bushels Bushels Bushels Bushels
per acre per acre per acre per acre
1908 191 1 Average
Average bushels per acre, unfertilized . . . . . . . . 122.7 79.5 74.2 92.1
Increase due to acid phosphate when added to:
unfertilized plats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.5 18.5 32.4 50.5
cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 29.0. 9.1 28.8
sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.0 61 .0 19.7 38.6
cotton seed meal and sulphate of pot-
ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27.0 ——17.5 0 3.2
Average. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 52.7 22.8 15.3 30.3
Increase due to cotton seed meal when added t0:
unfertilized plats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.9 18.5 14.2 43.2
acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.8; 29.0 —9.1 21 .7
sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.01» 72.0 20.7 51 .2
acid phosphate and sulphate of potash 53.5 —6.5 1 .0 16.0
Average. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 64.5 28.2 6.7 33.0
Increase due to sulphate of potash when added to. -
unfertilized plats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.3 —16.5 3.2 3.3
acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ——42.2 26.0 —-9.5 —8.6
cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —12.6 37.0 9.7 11.4
cotton seed meal and acid phosphate. . ——33.5 —-—9.5 . .6 -14. 1
Average. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. —16.2 9.2 1.0 -—— 2.0
Increase d_ue to nitrate of soda when added to:
acid phosphate and sulphate of potash. 65.0 33.0 ~11 .2 28.9

 

12 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. b

PROGRESS REPORT, SUBsrA-TION N0. 2, 1901-1914. A 13

TABLE 9.
Average Yields for Three Years. Bushels per acre.
l
Unfertilized plats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92. 1

Acid phosphate alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.5

Cotton seed meal alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.3

Sulphate of potash alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.5

Acid phosphate and cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164.1

Acid phosphate and sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.0

Cotton seed meal and sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.7

Acid phosphate, cotton seed meal and sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150.0

Acid phosphate, nitrate of soda and sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.9

' Acid phosphate and cottonseed meal both gave profitable increased
yields when used either singly or in combination. The average increase
for three years, which may be attributed to acid phosphate, was 30.3
bushels per acre. The average increase for three years, which may be
attributed to cotton seed meal, was 33.3 bushels per acre.

Potash, apparently, is not needed in the soil where these experiments
were conducted. Instead of there being an increase in yield which
might be attributed to the use of potash, there was an actual decrease
of two bushels per acre in the averages.

In 1908 one end of the field used was on better soil than the other
end. This is shown by the fact that check plats 12 and 1'7 yielded
nearly 50 per cent. more than check plats 1 and 6. As the potash-
treated‘ plats were on the better soil, the apparent increase in yield due

to potash in 1908 may be attributed to lack of uniformity in the soil. -

This fact makes it appear that the potash is even of less value than
the actual figures show. i

Nitrate of soda appears to be a good source of nitrogen. Its use,
however, would be governed by the cost of nitrogen in this form as
compared ivith that derived from cotton seed meal. A

The acid phosphate-cotton seed meal mixture gave the largest average
increase in yield.

FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WVITH WATERMELONS.

The fertilizer experiments with watermelons reported 1113011 were con-
ducted in the years 1904 and 1906. The soil in both experiments was
a gray sand six to twelve inches in depth. The rows were eight feet
apart and the hills eight feet apart in the row, si_x hundred and eighty
hills to the acre. A good strain of Kleckley Sweet was used both years.

Tables 11 and 12 show the plan of the experiment and a summary
of the results. .

No melons xveighing under seventeen pounds are included in the
tables of yields. I

14 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

TABLE 10.
Fertilizer Experiments with Watermelons, 1904, 1906.

   

l i
i i Yields, 1904. Yields 190s. Average Yields.
l Pounds
l fertilizer No. N0. No.
Fertilizer Used. ‘per acre. melons Pounds melons Pounds melons Pounds _
, per acre. per acre. per acre. per acre. per acre. per acre.
‘Cot-ton seed meal . . . . . .  250 640 15,300 1 ,200 28,050 920 21 ,675
._.____€_n___
Acid phosphate. . . . . . . . .‘ 300 690 15,180 1,140 26,160. 915 20,670
iMuriate of potash . . . . . . . i 70 400 9,480 1 ,320 23,940 860 16,710

Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . .. 400 8,240 s40 21,900 e20 15,070 _‘

.Nitrate of soda. .. . . . . . . .1 125 600 13,860 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 600 13,860

Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . .‘ 250 '

Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . .5 ~ 300

Muriate of potash . . . . . . . i 70 1 ,000 23,480 1 ,500 33,300 1 ,250 28,390 i

(Nitrate of soda . . . . . . . . . .i ~ 125

Muriate of potash . . . . . . .1 _ 70 -

Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . 300 750 16,940 1 ,440 32,340 1 ,095 24,640 ,

Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . 300 ,1;

Muriate of potash . . . . . . . , 70 780 15,700 1 , 146 26,840 963 21,270 j

‘Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . 250 f

Muriate of potash . . . . . . . 70 920 19,740 1,260 29,490 1,090 24,615 ,_

Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . 300 . ‘ 

Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . 250 900 20,880 1 ,230 31,350 1,315 26,115 

pNitrate of soda . . . . . . . . . . 125 i - i;

Muriate of potash . . . . . . . 70 ,

Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . 300 760 16, 900 1 ,290 27 ,360; 1 ,025 22, 130 ,1

‘Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440 8,640 1 ,080 21 ,270'~ 760 14,955

   
   
 

TABLE 11.
Summary Table Showing Eflect of Different Fertilizers on Watermelon Yields.

 

 ____ .l_.._.

 
 

_ 1 904 1906 Average;
Average pounds of_ melons per acre unfertilized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,440 21,585 15,012
Increase due to acid phosphate when added to: f

unfertilized plats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,740 4,575 5,657.
cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,580 3,300 4,440‘
muriate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,220 2,900 4,560
cotton seed meal and potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,740 3,810 3,77 ,
‘Increase due to cotton seed meal when added to: a
unfertilized plats‘. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,860 6,465 6,662
acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,700 5,190 5,445’
muriate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,260 5,550 7,905
acid phosphate and potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,780 6,460 7,120
Increase due to muriate of potash when added to: '
unfertilized plats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ._ . . . . . . 1 ,O40" 2,355 1,697
acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  520 680 ._
cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,440 1 ,440 2,94
acid phosphate and cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,600 1 ,950 2,27 

It will be observed that cotton seed meal gave the greatest increas
in yields whenever it was used. Acid phosphate also gave profitabl
‘increased yields. ' ,9

Muriate of potash gave fairly good results when used in combinatio
with cotton seed meal, but was unsatisfactory when used alone wtihaci

PROGRESS ltaronr, SUBSTATIOIYNO. 2, 1901-1914. 15

The next largest yield was on the plats treated with the acid phos-
phate-cotton seed meal mixture. Nitrate of soda did not appear to be
as satisfactory as a source of nitrogen as cottonseed meal. There ap-
pears to be little difference in the size of the melon from the different
plats, the increase in yield being due to the greater number of melons
rather than the increase in size of melons harvested.

' O 1
FERTILIZER EXPERILUEINTS YVITH STRAWBERRIES.

The fertilizer experiments with strawberries Were begun in 1906, the
first plants being planted in March and the fertilizer applied the fol-
lotving January. The experiment was conducted also in 1908 and 1909.
In all three years the Lady “Thompson and Klondike varieties were
used in the test, as these were the varieties commonly grown for market
purposes. ’i‘he plats were kept thoroughly cultivated during the suin-
mer, and in January the fertilizer was applied and the vines were im-
mediately mulehed with pine straw.

Tables 12 and 13 show the fertiliser usel, the yields and summaries
of the results obtained.

TABLE 12.
Fertilizer Experiments with Strawberries, 1907, 1908, 1909.

_ Yield in Quarts Per Acre.
Kind and Amount of Fertilizer Used.
1907 1908 I 1909 Average .
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 796 1,896 2,269 2,320
Acid phosphate~300 pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,923 2,460 2,834 3,072
Cotton seed meal 200 pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , 3,708 2,316 2,826 2,950
Muriate of potash 140 pounds. . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘ 2, 664 1,536 2,330 2, 173
Acid phosphate 300 pounds, muriate of potash 140
pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,948 2,628 2,846 3,141
Acid phosphate 300 pounds, cotton seed meal 200 pounds 8,868 3 , 036 3 ,469 5 , 124
Wood ashes 1 ton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,084 2,076 2,562 2,574
Cotton seed meal 200 pounds, muriate of potash 140
pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,552 2,028 2, 724 2,768
Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., 2 , 628 1, 968 2,192 2 ,262
Acid phosphate 300 pounds, cotton seed meal 200 1
_ pounds, muriate of potash 140 pounds. . . . . . . . . . .  6,552 2,400 3,240 4,064
Acid phosphate 300 pounds, nitrate of soda 100 pounds,i
muriate of potash 140 pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,386 3,386
Acid phosphate 500 pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2,812 2,812
Cotton seed meal 500 pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,920 2,920
Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II] 2,330 2,330

16 l TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

TABLE l3.
Fertilizer Experiments with Strawberries, 1907, 1908, 1-909.

  

Yield in Quarts Per Acre.
1907 1908 1909 Average.
Average yield in quarts per acre, unfertilized . . . . . . . . . . 2,712 1 ,932 2,264 2,302
Increase due t_o _acid phosphate when added to: '
unfertilized plats . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ._ . . . 1 ,211 528 678 806
cotton seed mead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 160 720 2,189 2,689
muriate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 ,284 1 ,092 968 1 , 115
cotton seed meal and potash . . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . . . 3,000 372 1,296 1,556
Increase due to cotton seed meal when added to:
unfertilized plats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 996 384 671 684
acid_phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,945 576 2,182 2,568
muriate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ 888 492 595 658
acid phosphate and potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,604 —228 923 1 ,099
Increase due to muriate of potash when added to:
unfertilized plats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~48 -——396 -—91 —178
acid phosphate." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 168 199 131
cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —156 -—288 -—-167 —204
cotton seed meal and acid phosphate. . .. . . . . . . -—2,316 —-630 ——1 ,060 —1,335
Increase due to wood ashes when added to checks. . . . . 372 144 310 275

TABLE l4.
Fertilizer Experiments with Strawberries, 1907, 1908, 1909.—Summary of Results.

Quarts
to acre.
l
Avera e yield per acre, unfertilized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q1 2,302

Acid p osphate alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l 3, 108

Cotton seed meal alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2,986

Muriate of potash alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2,124

Cotton seed meal and acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘ 5,676

Acid phosphate and potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 3,239

Cotton seed meal and potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 2,782

Cotton seed meal, acid phosphate and potash . . . . . . .- . . . . . . . _ . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . .i 4,339

Wood ashes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,578
Nttfd "dh h dp h 3386
1 ra e o so a, ac: p osp ate an otas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ,

Acid phosphate gave the largest yield of any single fertilizer. The
highest yields, however, were made on the plats receiving an application
of acid phosphate and cotton seed meal. Potash did not increase the
yields, except where it was used in the acid phosphate-potash combina-
tion. The increase then was very small.

Wood ashes made slight gains over the check plats, but scarcely enough
to justify its use. Without exception, however, wherever nitrogen was
used the vines were much more vigorous than where it was omitted.
This probably accounts for the large yields obtained on plats where
cotton seed meal and acid, phosphate were used in combination. Heavy
applications, five hundredpounds say, of acid phosphate or cotton seed
meal alone, did not make as profitable a yield in ‘1909 as two hundred
pounds of cotton seed meal and three hundred pounds of acid phosphate
mixed. The latter is probably about the correct mixture.

FRUIT VARIETIES.

As previously pointed out, much of the work of this substation has
consisted of investigations in fruit culture. With the many old vari-
eties of fruit now in existence and numerous new ones being introduced

Pnoemzss Rnrour, SUBSTATION No. 2, 1901-1914. 17 i

each year, the problem of selecting the sorts best adapted to a given

locality is becoming more and more ditfictilt to the prospective fruit '-

grower. Varieties adapted to one section are not always the kind that
will thrive in another. Of the hundreds of varieties of peaches and
grapes listed in the various catalogs, probably less than a score can
ac grown in this section with any degree of success. With these facts
in mind, 94 varieties of peaches a11d 118 varieties of grapes were planted
in the fall of 1902, and in February, 1907, 40 additional varieties of
peaches were added to the collection. The following brief descriptions
1nd notes on the behavior of the‘ varieties are based on the results ob-
taind at this substation.

PEACHES.

Alice }Iaupzf.—'l‘ree vigorous and moderately productive; fruit me-
ilium sized; skin white and nearly covered with splashes of red; flesh
ireamy white, moderately firm, and good quality. Ripens July 4 to 9.
Jling. Not recommended.

Altonr-Tree vigorous and very productive; fruit medium to large;

skin creamy‘ white with red cheek, and thick and tough; flesh creamy a

white, rather soft, and fair quality. ‘Ripens June 1O to 20,—usually
vith Mamie Ross. Semi-cling. A very prolific variety, which should
)e satisfactory for local market. _ -
.~lzvzelicz.-—'l‘ree vigorous, but inclined to be shy bearer; fruit large;
.=kin white and nearlyr covered with heavy shades of red, and tender;
iesh creamy white, tender and juicy; fairly good quality. Freestone.
Ripens June 25 to July 5. Not productive enough to be of value.
mimic ll’iZZiaans.-Tree very vigorous, but shy bearer; fruit large;
=kin yellow with reddish cheek, thick and tough; flesh yellow and rather
éoarse; juicy’, but firm and good quality. Cling. Ripens June 10 to 20.
100d for preserves, but too shy a bearer to be recommended.
Augbertr-Tree vigorous and productive; fruit large; skin yellow with
ed cheek, tough; flesh yellow, very firm, good quality. Ripens August
t. Freestone. Recommended as one of the best varieties. I
B11176 0f Ge01'gicz.—Tree vigorous and very productive; fruit medium
n size; skin white and nearly covered with red; flesh white, firm and
rood quality and should ship we l. Ripens July 10 to 20. Freestone.
X good variety. ~
Beguett CZing.——Tree only moderately vigorous; not productive; fruit
arge: skin white with shades of pink and red, thick and tough; flesh
reamy white, moderately firm and juicy. Ripens July 15 to August 1.
[‘oo shy a bearer to be recommended. '
Bequeit Free.—Tree vigorous, but unproductive; fruit large; skin

=reamy white with delicate blush on exposed side, moderately thick, rather’

ender; flesh creamy white, juicy and inclined to be soft; fair quality:
{ipens July 10 to 20. Not productive enough to be recommended. a
Bishojm-Tree vigorous, but not productive; fruit small; skin white

18

Tlhvxexs AGRTC‘UI.’I_‘ITRJ<XI. EXPERIMENTE SHZXTITIOIQ.

Figure 3. ThelHobson Peach.

Figure 4. _The Slappy Peach.

Pnoeaiiss REPORT, Sunsrirrrox No. 2, 1901-1914. 19

with red blush, and tender; flesh greenish white, fair quality. Free-
stone. Ripens June 1 to 6.; Not recommended.

Uublerfls I ndiaw-Jllree vigorous and very productive, inclined to over-
bear and hardy in bloom; fruit small unless thinned; skin White and
covered with streaks and mottles of red, thick and tough; flesh White
and streaked with red, firm and juicy; good quality. Bipens middle
of July. Clingstone. A good variety for home use.

Ca1'1nan.-—']‘ree moderately vigorous, productive; fruit large; skin
white with red cheek, thick; flesh White and rather coarse, good quality.
Ripens June 15 to 20. Nearly freestone. A good market variety.

Car0ther8,——Tree moderately vigorous, but unproductive; fruit large:
skin white and shaded with red, tough; flesh creamy white, inclined to
be soft and juicy; fair quality. Ripens July 25 to 30. Freestone. Not
productive enough to be of value.

Carpcntzwn-Jllree vigorous, very productive; fruit small to medium:
skin creamy white, tough; flesh White, firm, poor quality. Ripens July
20 to 30. Clingstone. Would be good variety for preserves, but too
small unless thinned.

U71am;m'0n.—Tree moderately vigorous, inclined to be shy bearer;
fruit medium in size; skin creamy white with red cheek, thin and mod-
erately tough; flesh white, juicy, rather soft and good quality. Ripens
July 10 to 15. Freestone. A good sort for home use. Would not
ship well.

ChiZZ0w.—Tree vigorous and productive; fruit medium in size; skin
lemon yellow, thick and tough; flesh yellow, very firm and good quality.
Bipens July 1 to 10. Clingstone. One of the best clingstone varieties.

Dewey.~—Tree vigorous, but only moderately productive; fruit small:
skin yellow and almost covered with red; rather thick and tough; flesh
yellow and coarse, only fair quality. Ripens May 15 to 20. Semi-

cling. Rots very hadly; not recommended.

Early ,TiZZOst0n.——Trec vigorous, shy bearer, and l-aeks hardiness in
bloom; fruit small; skin white, delicately covered with red, and thin:
flesh White, very fine texture, good quality. Ripens July 1 to 20. Semi-
cling. Fruit too small and lacks productiveness.

Ede.—’l7ree. while only moderately vigorous, is productive; fruit small
to medium; skin _vellow' with red cheek; flesh yrellow, firm, good quality.
Ripens July 10. Freestone. Worthy of trial.

EZb@rta.——Tree vigorous, productive, inclined to lack hardiness in
bud; fruit large; skin yellow with red cheek, and tough; flesh yellow,
very firm, and good quality when thoroughly ripe. Ripens July 10
to 20. Thelbest market sort in its season. Freestone.

Engle Zlfahz~m0t71-—Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium in size:
skin yellow with red cheek; flesh yellow‘, firm, good quality. Bipens

July 10. Freestone.

EUQTbQCZ7"l-H§/.~—TTQQ vigorous, shy bearer; fruit small; skin white.
streaked with dark red, and tough: flesh white, tinged with red (Tndian
type), fine and flrm; fairly good quality. Ripens Julv 1. Not rec-
ommended.

20 TFE-xAs AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

lflavmrily Faz10rite.——Tree vigorous and very productive; fruit» medium
to large; skin greenish white with dull-red cheek, and thick and tough;
flesh creamy white, fine texture, good quality. Ripeng July 1 to 15.
Stone almost free. A good bearer, and should be included among vari-
eties for home use.

F0rcZ.—-—Tl‘ree vigorous, very shy bearer; fruit medium to large; skin
greenish white and shaded around apex with dark red; moderately thick
andtough. Flesh White and tinged with red on exposed side, and rather
fine texture; fairly' good quality. Ripens June 20 to 25. Semi-cling.
Too shy a bearer to be recommended. '

General Taylor.—’l‘ree moderately vigorous, very shy bearer; fruit
small, medium in size; skin creamy white, almost covered with red, and
rather tough; flesh white and streaked with red; firm and poor quality’.
Ripens June 20 to 25. Clingstone. Not recommended.

G0Zd_Dr0p.—-—Tree lacks vigor, shy bearer; fruit small; skin lemon
yellow and tough; flesh yellow and fine texture. Ripens July 15. Free-
stone. Small and lacks productiveness. Not recommended.

Governor H0gg.-—'1‘ree vigorous, but shy bearer; fruit small; skin
yellowish White shaded with red; thick and tough; flesh white, very
juicy, fine texture and good quality. Ripens July 10 to 15. Cling-
stone. Too shy a bearer to be profitable.

Greensboro. Tree very vigorous, moderately productive; fruit medium
to large; skin greenish white with red cheek, and moderately thick and
tough; flesh white, rather firm and juicy; fairly good quality. Ripens
June 1 to 10. Clingstone. A good home or local market sort.

Gu1'nn.-—'l‘ree moderately vigorous, but unproductive; fruit small;
skin yellow andcovered with shades of red; tender; flesh yellow and
tender. Ripens June 15 to 20. Not reliable.

Hg,/nes.-—Tree lacks vigor, not productive; fruit small; skin greenish
white and nearly’ covered with streaks and shades of-red; flesh white
and only fair quality. Bipens July 10. Semi-cling. Not recommended.

IIiIey.~—-Tree vigorous and very productive; fruit medium to large;
skin white and deeply shaded with red; rather thin, but tough; flesh
white, fine texture, but firm and good quality Ripens July 1. A good
peach for home or market. Freestone.

Hobs0n.=—-Tree vigorous, but only moderately productive; fruit large
and showy; skin white, heavily shaded with red around cavity, and
thick and tough; flesh creamy’ white, fine texture, firm a11d fairly good
quality. Ripens June 25 to 30. Clingstone. A good variety for home
orchard.

H0n6y.—Tree vigorous and very productive: hardy in bloom; fruit
small and very susceptible to rot; skin xvhitc and nearly covered with
streaks and splashes of red, and tough; flesh white, moderately firm
and very sweet. Ripens June 25 to July 10. Freestone. Not a good
sort for this section.

Jaclcson.——Tree lacks vigor, very shy bearer; fruit medium to large;
skin creamy white; flesh creamy white. inclined to be soft, and very
juicy. Ripens July 1 to 1'0. Clingstone. Not suited to this section.

PROGRESS REPORT, SUBSTATION No. 2, 1901-1914. .21

Japan Dwarf (Japan Blood).—Tree dwarfish habit, productive; fruit
medium sized; skin white and entirely covered with a deep mottled red,
thick and tough; flesh White, tinged with red, coarse and juicy, and
only fair quality. Ripens June 1. Cling to semi-cling. A good early
market variety.

Bessie Ii'err.—-Tree lacks vigor, very poor bearer; all dead five years
from planting.

Katharina-Tree moderately vigorous, lacks productiveness; fruit
large; skin white with deep red blush at cavity, thick and tough; flesh
creamy white, rather coarse, good quality. Ripens June 25. Semi-cling.
Too shy a bearer to be recommended.

Lady IngoZd.-—'l‘ree vigorous, but very shy bearer; only few fruits
ripened. _

Late Elberta.—liesembles Elberta in character of growth and in fruit,
probably identical. ' '

Mamie R0ss.—'l_‘ree vigorous and moderately productive; fruit me-
dium to large; skin creamy white, red cheek, tough and thick; flesh
creamy White, fine texture, fair quality. Ripens June 20 to 25. Semi-
cling‘. One of the standard medium early market sorts.

Matthews Beauty.-—Tree vigorous but very shy bearer; fruit medium
to large; skin lemon yellow, thick, rather tough; flesh yellow, juicy and
rather soft; good quality. Ripens middle of July. Freestone. Too
shy a bearer to be recommended.

Mayfl0we1‘.—Tree vigorous and very productive; fruit small to me-
dium unless thinned; skin white, entirely covered with red, and mod-
erately tough; flesh white and fair quality. Ripens May 10. One of
the best very early sorts.

Zl/[ouintain R0se.-—Tree moderately vigorous, shy bearer; fruit me-
dium sized; skin white and nearly covered with shades of red; rather
tough; flesh greenish white, coarse and only fair quality. Ripens June
13. Freestone. Not recommended. 

Manson CZing-Jfree vigorous and moderately productive; fruit me-
dium to large; skin yellow and almost covered with splashes of red,
thick and tough ; flesh yellow, fine texture, firm and good quality. Ripens
J ulv 10. A good variety for home orchard.

Elan/son Freer-Tree vigorous and moderately productive; fruit large;
skin yellow and nearly covered with splashes of bright red; tough.
Flesh yellow, firm, good quality. Freestone. Ripens July 15. A good
variety for home or market. '

October EZberta.-—Identical with Elberta.

Onderdonkn-Tree vigorous and very productive; fruit small; skin
lemon yellow, thin and quite tough; flesh yellow, fine texture, firm and
fair quality. Ripens August i1. Freestone. A good variety for the
home orchard. Too small for market.

Ori0Ze.—'Tree lacks vigor and is unproductive; fruit small to medium
in size; skin yelloxv with faint blush of red, and moderately thick and
tough; flesh yellow. firm and fair quality. Ripens July 20. Cling-
stone. Not desirable.

22 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Orange b’li12g.—'l‘1'ee only moderately vigorous and inclined to be a»
shy bearer; fruit small; skin lemon yellow, thick and tough; flesh yel-
low, firm, fair quality. Bipens July 15 to 20. Clingstone. Not rec-
ommended.

Pa-7las.—Tree vigorous and productive; fruit small to medium in
size; skin greenish white and almost covered with shades of red; thick
and tough; flesh greenish white, red at pit, juicy, moderately firm and

‘fair quality. Ripens July 1. Freestone. Honey type. A good peach

for home orchard.

PZamL-Jfree vigorous, ‘out very shy bearer; fruit small to medium in
size; skin yellow with a faint blush of red, and tough; flesh yellow, firm
and good quality. Clingstone. Ripens July 20. Too shy a bearer to
be of value. - '

Raiison Cli-ng.—'[‘ree vigorous but only moderately productive; fruit
small; skin creamy white with streaks of dark red, thick and tough;
flesh white, tinged with red, fair quality. ' Clingstone. Bipens July 15
to 20. Too small to be of value.

Red Bird OZing.-—Tree vigorous and fairly productive; fruit medium
to large; skin white with red cheek and rather tough; flesh white, firm
and only’ fair quality. Ripens June 1. Clingstone. A good early mar-
ket sort. '

Red Riwer.—’l‘ree vigorous, but unproductive; fruit medium sized;

skin creamy white and tender; flesh creamy white, fine texture, inclined
to be soft, and fair quality. Ripens June 20 to 25. Not desirable.

R0bert.-—-Tree lacks vigor, very unproductive. Only few specimens
matured. Should not be planted in this section.

R0gers.-—'l‘ree vigorous and productive; fruit medium sized; skin
white with red blush; flesh white, firm, good quality. Ripens July 1.
Freestone. A good peach for home orchard.

Slappy.-~—Tree vigorous, and while only a moderate bearer, usually
fruits each season; fruit large; skin yellow; flesh yellow, rather fine
texture, good quality. Ripens June 2O to 25. Freestone. A good vari-
ety for home or market.

Sizeeal-Jfree vigorous but irregjulzii- in habit, and only moderately
productive; fruit small to medium in size; skin white and shaded with
deep red when exposed; thin and tender; flesh greenish white, coarse,
juiclv, inclined to be soft, and poor quality. Ripens May’ 20. Cling-
stone, On account of earliness it usually sells well.

Stellai.—'l_‘ree vigorous and ver_v productive; fruit medium to large;
skin creamy white with blush of dark red when exposed; thin and rather
tender; flesh white, ver_v juicy. inclined to be soft, and very good quality.
Freestone. Ripens July 15 to 20. A good sort for home use or local
market.

Strout-Jfhis variety’ is identical with Japan Dwarf, which see.

SyZphide.——Tree vigorous, but ver_v shy bearer; fruit large; skin
creamy white and rather tender; flesh white, inclined to be soft, and
good quality. Ripens July 20 to 30. Clingstone. Does not bear well
here. Not recommended.

Piaou-izrss REPORT, Smssrsvrrox _\'o. 2, 1901-1911. 

lkxras li'iizg.~—'l‘ree vigorous, but shy bearer; fruit medium to large;
skin creamy white with red blush, tough; flesh creamy white, fine teX-
ture, firm illltl ifairly' good quality. hipcns June 15 to 20. Freestone.
Does not bear well. enough to be profitable.

ThuTbc1'.—-'l‘ree vigorous and very productive; fruit medium to large;
skin creamywhite with blush of bright red, tough and thick; flesh
greenish white, fine texture, and only fair quality. Freestone. Ripens
July 15 to 20. A good home market sort.

Torniadm-Jfree vigorous, but only moderately productive; fruit large;
skin yellow and covered with bright red on exposed side; moderately
thick and tough; flesh yellow, tinged with red around pit, fine texture
and firm. Freestone. Very much like Elberta. Ripens July 15 to 20.
Should be a good market sort. ' _

T1'i'unzp/1i.—.—'l‘ree vigorous and very productive; fruit small to medium
in size; skin yellow", covered with shades of dark red, thick and tough
and very heavy doxvn; flesh yello\v, coarse, fair quality, very susceptible
to rot. Bipens 1\lay 15 to 20. Semi-cling. Rots too badly to be of
value. ' _

Victoir-Jfree vigorous and productive; fruit small to medium; skin
whiteshaded with red, rather tender; flesh white, juicy, poor quality’.
Ripeils May '20. Clin-gstone. On account of earliness, it usually sells
well on market.

lVaddell.—'l‘ree vigorous and very productive; fruit medium in size;
skin almost covered with bright red, moderately thick and tough; flesh
white with reddish tint next to skin; fine texture; quite firm. Ripens
June 2O to 30. Freestone. A good variety for home orchard. Should
be thinned to increase size.

YelZoiu iSizirair-Jllree vigorous and good bearer; fruit medium in size; »

skin yellow with bright red cheeks, and tough; flesh yellow, fine texture,
fairly good quality. Ripens June 5 to 15. Clingstone. A good peach
for home or market.

The following varieties are suggested for home use. They are
given in the order in which they ripen and should give a. good suc-
cession through the season: Mayflower, Victor. Red Bird Cling. Alton,
Yellow Swan, (larman, Slappy, llobson, Family Favorite, Elberta,
Stella, and Aughcert.

List of varieties suggested for market, in the order in which they
ripen: Mayflmvcr, Victor, Red Bird Cling. rlafan Dwarf, Alton_ Car
man, Slappy, Elherta, and Aughert.

GRAPE VARIETIES.

Agawam.—Vine poor grower, not productive, and susceptible to rot;
clusters medium in size and compact; berries large and dark .red; skin
thick and quality good. Ripens July 15 to 20. All vines dead three
years after planting." g

Albania.——Vine very vigorous and hardy, but not productive; clusters
large: berries medium in size and white: skin thin and tough; pulp

' 15 to 20. A fairly good grape for market. ~

-that account.

24 . TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

    
   
  
  
 
  
  
   
 
 
    
  
   
   
  
  
  
 
   
  

juicy and only fair quality. ‘Ripens middle of July. Not productive}
enough to be of value. ‘a

Amber Queen.—Vine lacks vigor, is short lived, unproductive, and
very susceptible to mildew and rot; clusters medium in size and loose ;}
berries large, amber colored, and good quality. Not desirable for this
section. 

Americar-Vigorous grower, but short lived and unproductive; clus-j
ters medium in size and compact; berries small to medium, black, and?
adhere firmly to stem; pulp tender, juicy and inclined to rot as soon‘;
as ripe. Ripens July 15 to August 1. Too short lived. Not desirable.’

Anzethyst.-—Vine only moderately vigorous, short lived, and suscep-‘i
tible to rot; clusters medium to large and compact; berries medium to
large, dark red, with heavy lilac blooms; skin tough; pulp tender, juicy;
and inclined to drop as soon as ripe. Ripens July 15 to 26. Not de-r?
sirable. ~

ATb6C6L.—-V1I1Q moderately vigorous, short lived, only moderately‘
productive, and susceptible to rot; clusters large and compact; berries
small to medium and black; skin thin and tough; pulp tender, juicy,
and fair quality. Not recommended. i

At0ka.——Vine very vigorous and moderately productive; clusters me-i
dium sized; berries medium sized and dark red; skin thin and tough;
pulp tender, juicy and good flavor; adhere well to stem. Ripens July!

Bacchus.——Vine fairly vigorous and hardy; clusters small to medium‘
and fairly compact; berries small and black; skin thin and tough; pulpl
tender and juicy and fair quality. Ripens July 25 to 30. Too small 1
to be desirable. ' it

Baileyr-Vine vigorous and hardy; clusters very large and compact;
berries medium to large, and black; skin thin and tough; pulp inclined ..
to be tough; juicy and good quality when fully ripe, although a little §
acid. Keeps Well after ripening. Ripens July 15 to 30. A good marp
ket or table variety. ' i

Barry.-——Vine weak grower, but hardy, and does not bear well; clus- 
ters medium in size but imperfectly formed; berries large and blackf
skin thick and tough; pulp tough and poor quality. Ripens August 1. 
Not desirable. i.

Barnum-Moderately vigorous, but short lived, productive while vines i
are young; clusters large and fairly compact; berries medium to large,
and black; skin thick and ‘tough; pulp tender and juicy; fairly good i,
quality. All vines dead four years after planting. Not desirable on f

Big Emtra.—Vigorous grower, but very susceptible to mildew and rot; 1:‘
clusters large and moderately compact; berries large and black: skin»
thin, but tough; pulp tender and juicy and pleasant flavor when thor~ i
oughly ripe. . _

Briqh.t0n.-—Vine yiigorous "and hardy; clusters large and inclined tof
Foe loose; berries medium in size and bright red; skin thin, but tough;

Paooaass REPORT, Sossmrmon No. 2, 1901-1914- :25

pulp tender, juicy and good quality. Ripens July 1O to 25. Too sus-
ceptible to rot to be desirable. .

Br4-!Ziant.—Vine vigorous and productive; clusters large and com-
pact; berries large and dark red; skin thin, but fairly tough; pulp
tender and fine quality. Ripens July 15. A desirable variety for home
and market.

Campbell EarZy.-—Vine moderately vigorous, but not productive ;‘

short lived; clusters large and compact; berries large and black; skin
thin, but tough; pulp tender and good quality. Ripens June 20 to
July 1. Not dependable.

Uaptain.——Vine vigorous while young. All vines dead four years after
planting; clusters large and compact; berries medium sized, black, and
adhere firmly to stem; skin rather thick and tough; pulp tender and
juicy; good quality. Ripens July 2O to 25. Not desirable.

.Oa-rm.an.—Vine moderately vigorous and fairly productive; clusters
very large and compact; berries medium sized, black, and adhere Well
to stem; skin thin, but tough; pulp tender and juicy, and good quality
when fully ripe. llipens July 2O to 25. A good variety for market.

Catawba.—Vine lacks vigor, but moderately productive; clusters large
and compact; berries medium to large, and deep red; skin thin and
moderately tough; pulp tender, juicy, and good quality. Inclined to
rot in Wet seasons. Ripens August 1. A good variety for home use.

Uhampanel. Vine very vigorous, hardy, but only moderately pro-
ductive; clusters large and compact; berries large, black, and adhere
well to stem; skin thin and tough; pulp tender and juicy; rather acid
unless thoroughly ripe. Ripens July 20 to 25. _ A hardy variety, which
should be included among market sorts. r

Uharmpionr-Vine very strong grower, hardy, productive; clusters
large and compact; berries large, black, and adhere well to stem; skin
tough; pulp juicy, but poor quality. Ripens June 20 to July 1. This
variety is a certain bearer and is early, but its quality makes it un-
desirable for home use.

Clint0n.—Vine vigorous, hardy, productive, and little attacked by
diseases; clusters small to medium in size, and compact; berries small
and black; skin thick and tough; pulp juicy and somewhat pulpy;
quality fair when thoroughly ripe. Ripens July 10 to 15. Size too
small to make it desirable. ,

CoZcrainr-Vine rather poor grower, moderately productive; clusters
medium sized and compact; berries medium to large; greenish White,
and inclined to drop when ripe; skin thin and rather tender; pulp,
juicy, tender, fair quality. Ripens July 10 to 15. Not desirable.

Contempt-Vine vigorous, productive, hardy; clusters large, rather
loose, and ripen unevenly; berries medium to large, and black; skin
thin and tender, and cracks in wet seasons; pulp tender and juicy, and
good quality when thoroughly ripe. Ripens July 25 to 30. A good
home or local market variety.

C0ttage.—Vine vigorous, but only fairlv productive; clusters medium

to large, and compact; berries large, black, inclined to drop when ripe;

2o ’l‘1<;.v.rs AGRICULTEUILXI. EXPlElIUiLbINT b‘r.»rrio.\'.

skin thick and tough; pulp juicy, tender, rather poor quality. Bipens
July 15 to 20. Drops too badly to be desirable. j i

Uyntlztitzrrttt.—i\’inc \'er_y vigorous and productive; clusters medium
sized and compact; berries small, black, and adhere tenaciously to
stem; skin thin and tough; pulp rather meaty, quality rather acid.
Ripens July 25 to August 1.

l)elaware.—~Vi11e only moderately vigorous, but productive; clusters
small and very compact; berries small to medium, light red, and ad-
here well to stem after ripe; skin thin and tender, but does not crack;
pulp juicy and good quality. Ripens July 1O to  A good variety
for home or market.

Dtd'777.01l(l.—-Vl11G mederately vigorous, productive, but very suscep-
ti,ble to rot; clusters‘ large a11d compact; berries large and white; skin
thin, tender, good. quality’. Ripens July 1 to 15. Too susceptible t0
rot to be desirable. -

Diavza.~Vine vigorous, but not productive, and very susceptible to
rot; clusters small. to medium, pale red, and drop very badly when
ripe; skin thick, tough; pulp juicy. Ripens July 5 to 15. Xot desirable.

Dracutz1n2ber.——\‘i1ie poor grower, lacks productiveness; clusters
large and compact; berries large and dull red; skin thick and tough;
quality only fair; has a distinct foxy flavor. Ripens July 15 to 30.
Not recommended.

.Duchess.——Vine vigorous, but not productive; clusters medium in
size; berries medium sized and greenish White; skin thick and tough;
pulp tender, juicy, fair quality. Rots very badly. Ripens July 15 to
20. Not desirable.

Early O7zi0.—Vine vigorous, but only moderately productive; clusters
large and compact; berries medium in size, black, and adhere Well to
stem; skin thick and tough; pulp juicy, rather tender, but poor qual-
ity. Ripens June 20 to 25. Good for early market.

E6117]; V1'0t01'.—Yli1ie poor grower and. not productive; clusters small
to medium, and compact; berries small, black, and adhere Well to stem;
skin tough; pulp meaty and poor quality. Ripens June 30. Not de-
sirable. y

Et0n.—Vine vigorous, but unproductive; clusters large and compact;
berries very large and black; skin thick and tough; pulp juicy “and fair
quality; a very shorv_v variety}, but lacks productiveness. Ripens July
20 to 25. Not recommended. '

ElvircL-Jline lacks vigor and is not productive; clusters small to
medium in size; berries medium in size, and white; skin thin and ten-
der; pulp_ tender and juicy, good quality. ‘Rots very badly. Ripens
July 15 to 20. Not recommended.

E-nzpire State.~~-Vine poor grower, moderately productive, and sus-
ceptible to mildew and rot: clusters medium ‘to large; berries medium
in size, greenish "white: skin thin and tender; pulpjuicy and tender,
and good quality. Ripens July 2O to  Not recommended. i

Ericsowa-Jline poor grower and 1mpioductive_ and short lived; @1115-
ters medium sized and compact; berries medium in size. black. and

i¢——— e ---

Pnoeunss REPORT, Sunsiuvrroiv No. 2, 1901-1914. 27

adhere well to stem; skin thin and tough; pulp tender, juicy, and fair
quality when fully ripe. flipens July 15 to 20. Not desirable.

Fern illunson-.——'Vine vigorous, moderately productive, quite free
from rot and mildew; clusters large and compact; berries medium to
large, very dark, and adhere urell to stem; skin thin and tough; pulp
tender and juicy, and good quality when fully ripe. Ripens August 1.
A good variety for home or market.

GaPrivzer.—Vine poor grower, lacks hardiness, and is not productive;
clusters medium in size; berries medium in size, and light red; pulp
tender and juicy, and good quality. Ripens August 1. Not desirable.

Gccilzer-Vine lacks hardiness. All vines died three years after

lanting.
p Green flI01Znta1Tn.-——Vine only moderately vigorous, but productive:
clusters medium to large, and compact: berries small to medium in
size; skin thin and tender; pulp tender and juicy, and good quality.
Ripens June 3O to July 10. This is a good variety for home use.

Greivfs Erir/y/.—Vine lacks vigor and is unproductive: clusters small
to medium in size, and compact; berries small, yellowish green; skin

thin and tender: pulp tendenjuicv, fair quality. Ripens July 25 to 30.

Not desirable. _

GuZa.—Vine only moderately vigorous, short lived, and lacks pro-
ductiveness; clusters medium in size, and compact; berries medium in
size, blacn, and adhere well to stem; skin thin, but tough; pulp juicy
and inclined to be tough; fair quality. Ripens July 2O to 25. Not
desirable.

Harff0rcZ.---Vi1ic, very weak grower, short lived, but very productive
While yming; clusters medium in size, not as compact as Early Ohio;
berries medium sized, black, and drop badly from cluster as soon as
ripe; poor quality. Ripens June 2O to  Not desirable.

H earZZig7tt.——Vine moderately vigorous, but very unproductive; clus-
ters small and loose; berries medium in size. dark red; skin thin, but
seldom cracks; pulp tender and juicy, and goo-d quality. Ripens June
15 to 20. Too poor a bearer to be of any value.

Hcrbem 0nt.——Vine very vigorous, hardy and productive; clusters large
and compact; berries small, very dark dull red, and nearly black when
fully ripe, and adhere well to stems; skin thin, tough and seldom cracks;
pulp very juicy, good flavor when fully ripe. Ripens August. 15 to 20.
Very susceptible to rot. A good sort for home use if thoroughly sprayed.

H erbert.—Vine vigorous, but lacks produetiveness; clusters large and
compact; berries medium to large, black, and adhere well to stem; skin
thick and tough; pulp j uicy, sweet, and fair quality. Ripens July 2O
to  Not recommended. ~

H ermanvn Ja6g01'.—Vine weak grower and short lived; all vines dead
four years from planting: clusters large and compact; berries small to
medium in size, and black. Ripens July 15 to 25. Not recommended.

IIOpkins.—Vine vigorous and moderatelv productive: clusters large
and compact; berries small to medium in size, adhere well to stem. and
black: skin thick and tough: pulp rather meaty, and inclined to be

28 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIlS/IEN/I STATION.

acid unless thoroughly ripe. Bipens July 30. Most too sour for a
good table grape, but bears fairly well and is quite free from rot.

10na.——Vine weak grower and“ lacks productiveness; clusters medium
to large, and fairly compact; berries medium in size, light red, and
adhere well to stem; skin thin, but tough; pulp rather meaty, but has
pleasant flavor. Ripens July 30. A good table grape, but not pro-
ductive enough to make it profitable. _ . '

IsabeZZa.——Vine vigorous and productive; clusters medium to large,
and fairly compact; berries medium to large, black, and adhere well to
stem; skin thick and tough; pulp moderately tough, juicy, and good
quality when fully ripe. Ripens July 30. A good‘ sort for home use.

Ives.—Vine vigorous and productive; clusters large and compact;
berries medium sized and black, adhere well to stem, and free from rot;
pulp tough and very poor quality. Ripens July 10 to 15. Quality too
poor to be of value.

Jan6sviZZe.—Vine vigorous and moderately productive; clusters me-
dium sized and compact; berries small and black; skin thick and tough;
pulp tough and poor quality. Ripens June 20 to 30. Not desirable.

J efierson.-—Vine weak grower and lacks productiveness; clusters large
and compact; berries large, light red, and adhere firmly to stem; skin
tough; pulp meaty, quite juicy, and good quality. Ripens July 15 to
20. Not desirable.

Jessica.—Vine lacks vigor and is not productive; clusters medium

sized and compact; berries small to medium in size, white, and chang-

ing to yellow when fully ripe; skin thin and tender; pulp tender, juicy,
good quality. Ripens July 1. This is a fine table grape, but lacks
produretiveness.

Ki0wa.——Vine very vigorous, but lacks productiveness; clusters me-
dium to large, and fairly compact; berries small to medium, and black;
skin thin; pulp juicy and acid unless fully ripe. Ripens August 1.

Lady.—Vine a very poor grower and not productive; clusters small
and compact; berries small to medium in size, greenish yellow, rot very
badly; pulp juicy and good quality. Ripens July 10 to 15. Not de-
sirable.

Lady WashingtmL-—Vine moderately vigorous, not productive; clus-
ters large and compact; berries large, pale green, and adhere will to
stem; skin tender and cracks badly; pulp tender, juicy, good quality.
Ripens July 1 to 15. Not desirable, as it is very susceptible to rot.

La Rene.—Vine weak grower and short lived; lacks productiveness;
clusters very large and compact; berries small to medium, and black;
skin thin and tough; pulp tender, juicy. and too acid for table use.
Ripens July 15 to 20. Not recommended. -

La SaZZc. Vine very vigorous, quite productive, hardy and free from
diseases; clusters loose and have ten to twenty berries; berries very
large, black with gray specks, and drop very badly when ripe; skin
rather thick and tough; pulp juicy and good flavor. Ripens August 30.
Scuppernong hybrid. A good grape for table use. Should have male
muscadine planted near to pollinate it. i

PROGRESS HEPom", SUBSTATIOX X0. 2, 1901-1914. 29

Lausselr-Vine vigorous and moderately productive; clusters medium
in size and very compact; berries medium sized, nearly black when fully
ripe, adhere firmly to stem, and nearly free from rot; skin thin and
quite tough; pulp juicy and good quality when fully ripe. Ripens
August 1. A good variety in its season.

LindZey.-—Vine weak grower and lacks productiveness; clusters me-
dium sized and inclined to be loose; berries large, light red, and adhere
Well to stem; skin thin and tough; pulp juicy, tender, good quality.
Ripens July 20 to 25. Not productive enough to be of value.

Lulcfata. Vine vigorous, but unproductive; clusters small to medium,
fairly compact; berries large, black, and adhere well to stem; skin fairly
thin and tough; pulp tender, juicy, sweet, good quality. Ripens July
15 to 20. A good table or market variety, but lacks productiveness.

Lutie.—Vine vigorousand fairly productive; clusters large and com-
pact; berries large, dark: red or nearly amber, and drop very badly as
soon as ripe; skin thick and tough; pulp juicy, rather meaty, and ex-
tremely foxy in flavor. Ripens July 10. Not recommended.

McPike. Vine very poor grower. Does not bear.

Mamleaifr-Vigorous grower, but not productive; clusters small and
fairly compact; berries medium sized, black, and drop very badly as
soon as ripe; skin thin and tough; pulp tender and juicy. and good
quality. Ripens July 15 to 210. Not desirable.

Manita-Vine very weak grower, short lived, and all dead four years
after planting; clusters small and rather loose; berries medium sized,
black, and adhere well to stem; skin thin and tough; pulp juicy, tender,
sweet, and pleasant flavor. Ripens July 20. Not desirable. i

Matthew-Vine moderately vigorous, but does not bear well; clusters
medium sized and fairly compact; berries medium sized, white. and.
inclined to drop from stem as soon as ripe; skin thin and tender; pulp
tender, juicy, fair quality. Bipens July 15. Not desirable.

Zllassasoitr-Vine vigorous, but unproductive, and very susceptible to
rot; clusters medium sized and compact; berries medium to large, dull,
dark red; skin thin and tough; pulp tender, juicyr, good quality. Ripens
July 720 to 25. Not desirable.

Zl[e1'icadel.—Vine vigorous. but only fairly productive, and very sus-
ceptible to rot; clusters medium to large, and compact; berries small
to medium in size, dark purple, and adhere well to stem; skin thin and
tough; pulp meaty, juicy, good quality. Ripens July 1O to 20. If rot
can he controlled, this is a good variety for home or market.

Zll@'r'm.auta.—Vine fairly yrigorous. but susceptible to mildew and rot;
only fairly productive; clusters small and compact; berries small, black,
and adhere well to stem; skin thin and tough; pulp tender, juicy. sweet,

i and pleasant flavor when fully ripe. Ripens July 20 to 30. Not de-

sirable.
Merr1mac.-—Vine only fairly vigorous, short lived, and unproductive".

clusters large and compact; berries large, black, and adhere well to
i_ stem; skin thin and tough; pulp juicy and good quality. Ripens July
s; 15 to 20. Not desirable. ~

 

30 ‘lluxas AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT Srxrroiy.

JiZZs.——Vine Weak grower, short lived, and unproductive; clusters
medium sized and fairly compact; berries medium sized and black;
skin thick and tough; pulp juicy, meaty, fair flavor. Ripcns August 1.
Not desirable. '

illissoziri Re1TssZing.——Vine moderately vigorous, fairly productive, but
susceptible to rot; clusters medium to large, and compact; berries large,
light red, and adhere firmly to stem; skin thin and tough; pulp very
tender, juic_y, sweet, and good quality. Ripcns July 20 to 30. Rots too
badly to be profitable.

Mrs. lllunson.——Vine vigorous, but not long lived, fairly productive;
clusters large and very compact; berries small to medium in size, light
purple, and hold firmly to stem when ripe; skin thin and tough; pulp
tender, juicy, sweet, and pleasant flavor when ripe. lrlipens July 20
to 30. Too short lived to be dependable.

illoorcfls‘ EairZy.—-Vine weak grower and poor bearer; clusters large
and rather loose; berries large, black, and adhere firmly to stem; skin
toughand thick; pulp juicy" and good quality. Ripens June 30. Does
not bear.

M 0ye1fl~Very poor grower. Does not produce well. Not desirable.

Zlhtenclzs-Veryi strong grower and fairly productive; clusters large
and compact; berries medium sized, black, and adhere firmly to stem;
skin thin and tough; pulp rather meaty, tender, but only fair quality.
Ripens July 20 to 30. Rather poor quality, but should ship well.

flIg/Zettai.-—Vine weak gjroyver, unproductive, and susceptible to rot;
clusters small and compact; berries small to medium in size, black, and
adhere firmly to stem. Clusters too small to be desirable.

Alarm Zl[12ns0n-.—~Vine very strong grower and productive; clusters
large and very compact; laerries small, black, and adhere firmly to stem;
skin thin and tough; pulp juicy and quite acid unless fully ripe.
Ripens July 25. A little too small and sour for table use.

ZViagara.-—Vi11e strong grower, productive, but short lived; clusters
large and compact; berries large, pale green, changing to greenish yel-
low when fully ripe, and adhere firmly to stem; skin thin and tough:
pulp juicy, tender, good quality. Ripens July 15 to 720. A good
variety for home or market, but probably will not live to exceed five
or six years.

N0rton.-—This is identical with Cyinthiana.

Perkins.-Vi1ie strong grower, but is not productive: clusters small
and imperfect; berries medium to large, pale, greenish red; skin thin
and quite tough: pulp juicy’, tender, good quality. Ripe June 25. Not
productive enough to be of value.

Pr6s7ey.—-Very poor grower; matured no fruit. Worthless in this
section.

R0mnzeZ.-—Vine fairly vigorous, very productive. but vines inclined
to die four or five _vears after planting; clusters medium sized and com-
pact; berries large, pale green to greenish _vellow, and adhere Well to
stem; skin thin and tender. does not crack; pulp very juicy, tender.
fair quality’. Ripens July 25 to 30. Home market sort.

Paooans Itnroar, SLIBSTATION No. 2, 1901-1911. 31
.

B. W. ill~unson.—Vine very vigorous and prolific; clusters medium to
large and fairly compact; berries medium to large, black, and adhere
well to stem; skin rather thick and tough, and does notscrack; pulp
firm, juicy, fair quality. Ripens July 20 to 25. A good home or
market variety:

Salema-Jline very poor grower, short lived, and does not bear Well
in this section. a

San J acinto-J’ ine very vigorous, moderately productive, not attacked
by mildew or rot; clusters loose, and have fifteen to twenty berries; ber-
ries large and black, drop badly when ripe; skin thick and tough; pulp
tender, juic_v, rich flavor, good quality’. Ripens September 1 to 5. A
desirable variety for home use. Scuppernong hybrid ; should be planted
with the male muscadine for pollination.

Stark.—Vinc vigorous and very productive, but susceptible to mildew.
The vines usually drop their leaves laefore the fruit matures, causing
injury from sun scald. Of no value in this section.

TarrzaZa.—Vine very poor grower and short lived; clusters small to‘
mediumQand fairly‘ compact; berries medium sized, yellowish green,
adhere firmly to stem, and susceptible to rot ; skin thin and tough; pulp
tender and juicy. Ripens July 15 to 25. Not desirable.

T eZegrapYL-Yine moderately vigorous, but short lived}, clusters me-
dium sized and compact; berries medium sized and black; skin thick
and tough; pulp rather meaty, juicy, only fair quality. Ripens June
25 to 30. Not desirable. Y

T01z7aazv0.—\’ine‘ vcryf poor grower and short lived. All vines dead
four years after planting.

Triump7n~Vine vigorous while young, but all died two years after
planting; clusters large and compact; berries medium to large, pale
yellowish green: skin thin and tender; pulp juicy and fair quality.
Ripens July 15. Not desirable. _ a

Ulsierf-Vine very weak grower, short lived, and does not bear well;
clusters medium sized and compact; berries medium sized and red in

color; skin thin and tough; pulp juicy, tender, rather meaty, and good

quality. Ripens August 10. Not desirable.

UrieZ.—Vine very weak grower, short lived, and not productive; clus-
ters medium to large and fairly compact; berries medium to large, pale
greenish yellow. and drops from stem when ripe; skin thin and tough;
pulp juicv, rather meaty, only fair quality. Ripens July 15 to 20.
Not suitable for this section.

dhzllzallahlr-Vine vigorous and fairly productive; clusters small to
medium in size: berries medium sized. dark red, and drop badly as soon
as ripe; skin rather thick and tough: pulp tender, trery juicy, fair
quality. Ripens July 15 to 20.

Verge/zmr's.—Vine weak grower, lacks productiveness, and very badly
attacked by rot; clusters medium sized and compact; berries medium
sized and light red; skin tough; pulp tender and juicy, fair quality.
Ripens July 30 to August 10. Too poor a bearer to be of‘ value.

32 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Wapanulsa.-—Vine vigorous, but lacks productiveness; clusters medium
to large and fairly compact; berries very large, very light green, and
adhere firmly to stem ; skin thin; pulp tender, very juicy, and good
quality. Bipens July 15 to 20. A good table grape, but lacks pro-
ductiveness. i _

Wai0ca.—Vine very poor grower, and does not bear well. Not suited
to this section.

Wetumpkm-Vine, very weak grower, short lived, and lacks produc-
tiveness; clusters large and compact; berries large, yellowish green,
adhere firmly to stem, and inclined to rot; skin thin and tough; pulp
tender, juicy and fair quality. Ripens July 25 to August 1. Not
recommended.

Wilder.—Vine weak grower, short lived, and does not bear well ; clus-
ters large and compact; berries large, black, and fairly thick and tough;
pulp tender and juicy; good quality. Ripens July 20. Not a good
variety for this section. -

Wine Kingr-Vine very vigorous and productive; clusters small and
rather loose; berries small, black, and adhere to stern; skin thin and
tough; pulp tender, juicy and rather acid. Bipens July 25 to August 1.
A good wine grape.

Woodrufi“ Red.——Vine vigorous, but inclined to be short lived; not
productive ; clusters large and very compact; berries large and dark red;
skin thin and tough; pulp tender, juicy, good quality. Bipens July 20
to 30. Does not bear well enough to be profitable.

W0rd6n.—.Vine lacksvigor, but is fairly productive; clusters medium
sized and compact; berries large, black and ripen unevenly; skin tender
and cracks badly; pulp tender, juicy, good quality. Bipens July 25
to 30. Cracks too badly to be of value for market. r

l/Vyoming Red.——Vine rather weak grower, but fairly productive;
clusters small and compact; berries small to medium in size, and light
red; skin thin and tender; pulp tender, juicy, and poor quality. Bipens
Julv 15 to 24. Not recommended.

Xlnta.——Vine fairly vigorous, but not productive; very susceptible to
rot; clusters medium sized and inclined to be loose; berries medium
sized, black, and adhere firmly to stem; skin thin and tough; pulp
tender, juicy, and ‘fair quality. Bipens July 2O to30. Not desirable
on account of rot. .

The following grapes are suggested for the home vineyard. They
are given in the order in which they ripen, which should give a good
succession through the season: Delaware, Brilliant, Concord. Rommel,
Catawba, Herbemont, B. W. lllunson, and San Jacinto. The following
varieties are suggested for market in the order in which they ripen:
Early Ohio, Delaware. Brilliant, Bailey, Champanel, Carman, B. W.
Munson. and Fern Munson. -

It is certain that in order to reach any degree of success in grape
growing in this section of Texas, great care must be exercised in prun-
ing and spraying the vines. After the vines have grown two or three
years black-rot, mildew and anthracnose will be prevalent. With proper

Paoonnss REPORT, Sunsmrroiv No. 2, 1901-1914. 33
care, hoxvever, these diseases may be held in check and reasonable suc-
cess assured.

SUMMARY.

(1) Texas Substation N o. 2 is in Northeast Texas.
(2) This bulletin supplements reports of the work there already

published.

(3) This bulletin gives rainfall data for the years 1905 to 1914,
inclusive.

(4) a Of seventy-eight varieties of cotton, the highest yielding vari-
eties in 1912, 1913 and 1.914 are shown.

(5) Mebane cotton has yielded slightly less. seed cotton, but more
lint cotton than the other varieties, and because of other good qualities,
it is recommended.

_ l (6) In 1912, 1913 and 1914 variety tests were conducted on forty-

seven varieties of corn. The first best yielding varieties are given for
each year, and a comparison of two selected years is also given. Mun-
son and Red India.n Chief both appear to be very good varieties.

('7') Fertilizer experiments with sweet potatoes are reported for 1907,

1908 and 1911. Mixtures of acid phosphate and cottonseed meal are

advised for use. y

(8) Fertilizer experiments with watermelons conducted in 1904 and
1906 are reported and mixtures of acid phosphate and cotton seed meal
are advised for use. The fact is brought out that increase in yield was
due to increase in number of melons harvested, rather than to increase
in size of melons harvested.

(9) Fertilizer experiments with strawberries conducted in 1906, 1908
and 1909 are reported, and a mixture of two hundred pounds of cotton

‘seed meal with three hundred. pounds of acid phosphate to the acre is

advised for use.

(10) A large number of orchard and vineyard variety tests have
been conducted since 1902. Sixty-eight varieties of peaches are de-
scribed, and twelve are recommended for succession in the home orchard.
Nine varieties of peach are recommended for market plantings.

(11) There are one hundred and fivt varieties of grapes described,
and from these eight are recommended for the home vineyard and eight
for the market vineyard.