9W 208-227-12,500-L180 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION B. YOUNGBLOOD, DIRECTOR COLLEGE STATION, BRAZOS COUNTY, TEXAS BULLETIN N0. 354 MAY, 1927 DIVISION OF AGRONOMY VVARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE OF TEXAS T. O. WALTON, President STATION STAFFT ADMINISTRATION: _ *B. YOUNGBLOOD, M. S., Ph. D., Director A. B. CONNER, M. S., Acting Director . E. KARPER, B. S., Acting Vice-Director . M. ScRAEDEL, Secretary . P. HoLLEMAN, JR., Chief Clerk . K. FRANCKLOW, Assistant Chief Clerk CHEsTER HIGGS, Executive Assistant C. B. NERLETTE, Technical Assistant VETERINARY SCIENCE: _ **M. FRANcis, D. V. M., Chief _ H. SCHMIDT, D. V. .M., Veterinarian J. D. JONES, D. V. M., Veterinarian CHEMISTRY: G. S. FRAPs, Ph. D., Chief; State Chemist S. E. AsRURY, M. S., Assistant Chemist WALDo H. WALKER, Assistant Chemist VELMA GRAHAM, Assistant Chemist ADAH E. STURGIs, B. S., Assistant Chemist E. C. CARLYLE, B. S., Assistant Chemist R. O. BROOKE, M. S., Assistant Chemist T. L. OGIER, B. S., Assistant Chemist J. G. EvANs, Assistant Chemist HORTICULTURE: _ W. B. LANRAM, M. A., Chief H. NEss, M. S., Berry Breeder RANGE ANIMAL HUSBANDRY: J. M. JoNEs, A. M., Chief; Sheep and Goat Investigations J. L. LusR, Ph. D., Animal Husbandman; Breeding Investigations W. H. DAMERON, B. S., Wool Grader ENTOMOLOGY: ‘ F. L. THOMAS, Ph. D., Chief; State Entomologist H. J. REINRARD, B. S., Entomologist W. L. OWEN, JR, M. S., Entomologist S. E. McGREcoR, JR., Acting Chief Foulbrood Inspector GILLIs GRAHAM, Foulbrood Inspector OTTO MAcKENsEN, Foulbrood Inspector AGRONOMY: uzww E. B. REYNQLDS, M. S., Chief A. B. CONNER, M. S., Agronomist, Grain Sorghum Research R. E. KARPER, B. S., Agronomist, Small Grain Research P. C. MANGELSDORF, Se. D., Agronomist; Corn and Small Grain Investigations D. T. KiLLoUGH, M. S., Agronomist, Cotton Breeding E. C. CUSRING, B. S., Assistant in Crops PLANT PATHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY: J. J. TAUBENHAUS, Ph. D., Chief FARM AND RANCH ECONOMICS: L. P. GAEEARD, M. S., Chief *B. YOUNGBLOOD, M. S., Ph. D., Farm and Ranch Economist G. L. CRAWFORD, M. S., Marketing Research V LSiéecialisltvl S G . . ORY, . ., razing Research Botanist ***T. L. GASTON, JR., B. S., Assistant, Farm Records and Accounts ***.I. N. TATE, B. S., Assistant, Ranch Records and Accounts SOIL SURVEY: ***W. T. CARTER, B. _S., Chief H. W. HAWKER, Soil Surveyor E. H. TEMPLIN, B. S., Soil Surveyor T. C. REITcH, B. S., Soil Surveyor BOTANY: H. NESS, M. s., Chief PUBLICATIONS: A. D. JAcKsoN, Chief SWINE HUSBANDRY: FRED HALE, M. S., Chief DAIRY HUSBANDRY: Chief POULTRY HUSBANDRY: R. M. SHERWOOD, M. S., Chief RURAL HOME RESEARCH: JEssrE WHITACRE, Ph. D., Chief ****AGRICULTURAL EN GINEERIN G: MAIN STATION FARM: G. T. McNEss, Superintendent APICULTURAL RESEARCH LABORATORY: H B(S1§n Antogiog . . ARKS, . ., Apiculturist in Charge A. H. ALEX, B. S., Queen Breeder FEED CONTROL SERVICE: F. D. FULLER, M. S., Chief . D. PEARcE, Secretary . H. ROGERS, Feed Inspector . H. WooD, Feed Inspector . L. KIRKLAND, B. S., Feed Inspector . D. NORTHCUTT, JR., B. S., Feed Inspector E. H. GARRETT, Feed Inspector gxghiw SUBSTATIONS No. 1, Beeville, Bee County: R. A. HALL, B. S., Superintendent No. 2, Troup, Smith County: W. S. HOTCHKISS, Superintendent No. 3, Angleton, Brazoria County: R. H. STANsEL, M. S., Superintendent No. 4, Beaumont, Jetferson County: R. H. WYcRE, B. S., Superintendent No. 5, Temple, Bell County: H. E. REA, B. S., Superintendent No. 6, Denton, Denton County: P. B. DUNKLE, B. S., Superintendent No. 7, Spur, Dickens County: R. E. DICKSON, B. S., Superintendent No. 8, Lubbock, Lubbock County: D. L. J0NEs, Superintendent FRANK GAINES, Irrigationist and Forest Nurseryman No. 9, Balmorhea, Reeves County: J. J. BAYLES, B. S., Superintendent No. 10, Feeding and Breeding Station, near College Station, Brazos County: R. M. SHERWOOD, S., Animal Husband- man in Charge of Farm L. J. McCALL, Farm Superintendent No. 11, Nacogdoches, Nacogdoches County: H. F. MoRRis, M. S., Superintendent ***No. 12, Chillicothe, Hardeman County: J. R. QUINBY, B. S., Superintendent ***JosEPR C. STEPHENS, M. A., Junior Agronomist No. 14, Sonora, Sutton-Edwards Counties: E. W. THOMAS, B. S., Superintendent W. L. BLACK, D. V. M., Veterinarian V. L. CORY, M. S., Grazing Research Botanist ***O. G. BABCOCK, B. S., Collaborating Entomologist O. L. CARPENTER, Shepherd No. 15, Weslaco, Hidalgo County: W. H. FRIEND, B. S., Superintendent M. MQPRAIL, B. S., Entomologist No. 16, Iowa Park, Wichita County: E. J. WILSON, B. S., Superintendent Teachers in the School of Agriculture Carrying Cooperative Projects on the Station: G. W S. BILSING, Ph. D., Professor of Entomology P G. . GROUT, M. S., Professor of Dairy Husbandry Ph. D., Professor of Marketing and Finance . ADRIANCE, M. S., Associate Professor of Horticulture V. . D. ScoATEs, A. E., Professor of A ricultural Engineering H. P. SMITH, B. S., Associate Pr essor of Agricultural Engineering ‘(As of April 1, 1927. *On Leave. **Dean, School of Veterinary Medicine. ***In cooperation with U. S. Department of Agriculture. ****ln cooperation with the School of Agriculture. SYNOPSIS This Bulletin. is a report of the variety tests of cotton con- ducted at Substation N0. 3 0f the Texas Agricultural Experi- ment Station, Angleton, Texas, for the 13 years, 1914 t0 1926, inclusive. Mebane, Kasch,,Cliett, New Boykin, Lone Star, Acala, and Truitt are Well adapted to the humid part of the Gulf Coastal Plains 0f Texas and were the most profitable varieties. Mebane, T. S. No. 804, a Texas Station strain of Mebane cot- ton, made the highest average yield of lint for the 8-year period, 1919 to 1926, inclusive. The most profitable varieties were characterized by high yield of lint, medium to large-sized bolls, percentages of lint ranging from 34 to 38 per cent, lint ranging in length from one to one and one-sixteenth inches, and relatively early maturity. Negative correlations were obtained among the varieties studied, between yield and length of lint, and between length and percentage of lint; indicating a tendency for the yield of lint to decrease as the length of lint increases, and for the percentage of lint to decrease as the length of lint increases. Positive correlations were obtained between yield and per- centage of lint, indicating a tendency for the yield to increase as the percentage of lint increases, the correlation being significant, however, in only two of the five years studied. This Bulletin furnishes information on 132 varieties and strains of cotton of interest to growers in the humid part of the Gulf Coastal Plains of Texas. CONTENTS PAGE Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5 Rainfall at Angleton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Method of Conducting the Cotton Variety Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Experimental Results by Years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. '7 Results 111.1917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7 e Results in 1918 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8 p Results in 1919 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Results in 1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9 Results in 1921 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9 l’ Results in 1922 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10 a Results in 1929 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10 Results in 1924 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11 pit Results in 1925 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11 Results in 1926 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12 - Yield of Lint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1'3 Size of Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ' Percentage of Lint . . . . . . . . . . . .» . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 g Length of Lint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 “ Earliness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1V7 1 Yield of Lint Associated with Other Characters in Cotton. . . . . . 29 i Correlation Between Yield, Length of Lint, and Percentage of Lint. . 31 A List of Varieties Tested, 1914-1926, iiieliisive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 33 Summary . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3'8 ‘ Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39s List of Bulletins Reporting Results Secured in Experiments Con- g ducted at Substation No. 3, Angleton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R . . . . . . 39 . BULLETIN No. 354 MAY, 1927 VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS D. T. KILLOUGH and V. E. HAFNER* This Bulletin reports the results of the variety tests of cotton con- ducted at SubstationNo. 3, Angleton, Texas, from 1914 to 1916 and from 1921 to 1926, together With the data reported in Texas Station Bulletin No. 2'74, which contained the results from 1917 to 1920, * i inclusive. During the first few years the variety tests of cotton Were conducted at Angleton, a large number of varieties were included. Many of these varieties were dropped from time to time as the results warranted, until at present (1926) only sixteen of the more desirable varieties are included in the variety test. These varieties are the ones that are best adapted to the conditions prevailing in the humid part of the Gulf - Coastal Plains. » Substation N 0. 3, of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station sys- tem, is located in the Gulf Coastal Plains of Texas, three miles north- east of Angleton, Brazoria county. It is about 14 miles from Christmas Bay, 18 miles from the Gulf of Mexico, and by improved highway, 46 miles south of Houston and 53 miles from Galveston, although by air- line it is approximately 38 miles southwest of Galveston. The region surrounding Angleton is generally fiat, with poor drain- age. The experimental fields of the substation are fairly well drained, advantage having been taken of the large drainage ditches near by. The elevation is 22 to 23 feet above sea level. The soil types vary, but in general the soil is a heavy black clay. The subsoil is a gummy clay which varies from yellow to black in color, but occasionally there are streaks of white clay which contain a small amount of lime car- bonate concretions. Chemical analysis shows that this soil is de- ficient in phosphorus, has a fairly good supply of lime, and is well supplied with potash. The application of phosphatic fertilizer gives larger increases in yield than nitrogen or potash, alone or in combina- tion. RAINFALL The average annual rainfall at the Angleton Station for the 13-year period 1914-1926, inclusive, was 47.05 inches. There was considerable variation in the total annual rainfall, some years being much below , the average and some years much above the average. *Superintendent of Substation N0. 3, Angleton, Texas; resigned September i 1, 1926. BULLETIN NO. 354, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION LENGTH VARIETY L/NT/N INCHES HEB/WE 804 1 c1. /ETT / ms 0/1 I NEW BOYK/N I LONE STAR I'm» ACA LA 17/4, TRU/TT Me- DURANGO lVs L/6HTN/N6- 17/4 EXPRESS SNOWFLAKE l7‘ 0 .50 /00 mo 20o 25o ACRE Y/ELD /N POUNDS Comparison of yield of lint and length of lint for the 4 years, 1923 to 1926, inclusive. VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS 7 Table lr-Rainfall at Substation No. 3, Angleton, Texas, 1914-1926, inclusive. Aver- Month 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 age January 0.49 2.96 1.62 2.34 0.27 6.20 6.02 3.33 5.87 1.36 4.74 3.25 3.55 3.23 February 3.16 4.03 0.13 2.98 0.85 2.59 1.85 0.43 1.65 6.28 5.13 0.27 0.99 2.33 March 2.93 3.53 0.42 0.75 2.30 9.21 1.36 3.97 8.49 6.07 2.24 0.78 6.65 3.75 April. 13.46 2.25 1.64 2.37 5.65 1.35 0.54 3.88 2.17 5.39 1.15 1.23 2.57 3.36 May . . . . .. 7.89 2.66 6.59 6.04 1.68 5.27 3.64 1.25 4.98 1.49 4.64 1.49 3.83 3.96 June . . . . .. 0.26 0.00 5.37 0.44 1.41 16.57 5.83 8.12 15.05 5.59 4.62 3.73 2.31 5.33 July . . . . .. 1.73 3.95 5.66 3.12 2.48 6.55 4.76 3.94 9.29 8.75 1.06 6.52 5.32 4.86 August. 8.49 13.87 5.43 1.66 3.51 5.42 9.10 1.60 2.92 2.85 3.94 2.71 2.47 4.92 September 4.34 6.29 3.55 1.15 2.87 3.62 2.49 3.66 5.67 6.88 1.83 7.06 1.59 3.92 October. 3.61 2.49 1.08 0.49 5.67 5.93 6.81 1.05 7.02 3.55 0.02 10.54 3.98 4.02 November 8.02 2.04 ‘1.68 0.84 6.91 2.30 3.83 3.27 1.80 3.79 1.01 5.31 1.67 3.27 December 4.19 4.74 2.13 0.56 3.93 1.78 3.05 3.73 3.05 10.72 8.36 3.72 3.50 4.11 Total. 58.57 48.81 35.30 22.74 37.53 66.79 49.28 38 23 67.96 62.72 38.74 46.61 38.43 47.05 Cotton did not suffer seriously from the lack of moisture at any time during the period from 1914-1926, except in 1918, although at times the rainfall was greatly in excess of the needs of the crop. In 1916 the crop was a failure, owing to the stand being destroyed by the excessive rainfall during May and June of that year. METHODS OF CONDUCTING THE COTTON VARIETY TESTS The cotton in the variety test was planted in three-foot rows. The plants were thinned one to a hill, with the hills as near 12 inches apart as practicable. Fertilizers-have not been used, except in 1917, when acid phosphate was applied to all plats at the rate of 200 pounds to the acre. The varieties in the test were given as near the same treatment as possible. The plats used for the test were given uniform treatment in the matter of plowing, planting, cultivation, and harvesting. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS BY YEARS During the earlier years of the cotton variety testing, a large number of varieties were planted, but since 1920 only the better-adapted vari- eties have been planted in duplicate, except in 1925 and 1926, when they were carried in triplicate and quadruplicate, respectively. Information on the source of seed of each variety of cotton that has been tested at Angleton for the 13-year period, 1914-1926, inclusive, may be obtained by referring to Table 22, which will be found on page 34. Results in 1917 In 1917 there were 52 varieties in the variety test, but only the most profitable varieties are given in Table 2. The varieties are arranged in order of yield of lint." The yields were exceptionally large, which might be due in part to the acid phosphate which was applied; but more likely to the unusually favorable season for cotton production. It will be noted that the five highest-yielding varieties produced more than 8 BULLETIN NO. 354, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION a bale and a half to the acre. The varieties wi-th the highest yields o lint cotton rank as follows: Kasch, Lone Star, Improved Ohampio‘ Heavy Fruiter, and Mebane. Acala was not among the 10 highe yielders, but is included in the table because of its good production '6 later years. Table 2.—Ten highest yielding varieties in 1917. Acre Yield Number of in Pounds T. S. _ Percentage Bolls to No. Variety of Lint the Pound Seed Cotton 2465 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 .2 6O 2252 883 2472 Lone Star. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 .7 63 2245 846 2462 Improved Champion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.6 67 2238 841 2463 Vandiver’s _Heavy Fruiter. . . . .7 . . . . . . . . . 34.3 62 2408 826 2470 Mebane Triumph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.5 62 2066 754 2469 Ferguson’s Roundnose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.4 64 2100 743 2474 Wannamaker Cleveland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.2 74 1905 728 2479 Mortgage Lifter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 .3 67 2138 691 2493 Kin ’s Extra Early . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 96 1953 646 2461 Aca a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 .5 67 1649 569 Results in 1918 Table 3 gives the 10 highest-yielding of the 50 varieties grown in. the test in 1918. The yields, while not as high as in 1917, were above the average for the period 1917 to 1926, inclusive. The five highest-e. yielding varieties ar-e as follows: Mortgage Lifter, Cook, Early King, Simpkins Prolific, and Vandiver’s Heavy Fruiter. * » Table 3.-—Ten highest yielding varieties in 1918. Acre Yield Lint Number in Pounds T. S. _ . of Bolls No. Variety Per- Length to the Seed centage in Ins. Grade Pound "Cotton Lint 3021 Mortgage Lifter . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 .4 1 S M 67 964 438 3028 Cook No. 588 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 .3 3/4 S M 885 374 304s Early K1ng.. ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 .1 7/8 G M 103 914 357 3047 Simplgin’s Prolific... . . . . . . 42 .5 15/16 M 108 811 345 2998 Vandiver’s Heavy Fruiter. . . 39 .3 7/8 S M 90 833 327 3000 F. G. 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.1 1 1/16 G M 101 725 291 3038 Boykin. . . ._ . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 .0 1 G M 693 291 3006 Mebane Triumph . . . . . . . . . . . 39 .0 1 G M 78 725 283 3029 King X Triumph . . . . . . . . . . 37 .8 7 /8 G M 97 740 280 3005 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 .1 1 G M 76 723 268 Results in 1919 _ The yields of the varieties of cotton grown in 1919 are given in Table i 4. There were 44 varieties in the experiment, but only the 10 highest- g yielding varieties are given in Table 4. if The yields of lint ranged from 586 pounds per acre for Mebane (T. ._ S. No. 804) to 366 pounds for Snowflake. These yields are large for ' VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS 9 this section. The grade and length of lint of all varieties tested in 1919 are given in Bulletin 266, “The Staple of Texas Cotton.” Table 4.——Ten highest yielding varieties in 1919. _ Acre Yield Lint Number in Pounds T. S. of Bolls —————— N0. Variety Per- Length to the Seed centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 804 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 .2 1 M 56 1764 586 3674 Union Big Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 .6 3/4 S M 71 1773 578 3659 Acala No. 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.3 1 1/16 S M‘ 62 1574 571 3635 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.9 1 G M 56 1340 468 3637 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 .8 1 S M 53 1221 461 3647 Jackson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.7 1 G M 56 1285 446 3660 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 .9 7/8 S M 53 1221 438 3150 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 .4 1 1/8 G M 49 1265 435 3661 Chisholm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 .8 7/8 G M 64 1286 434 3667 Express . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 .4 1 1/4 M 69 1245 416 Results in 1920 Only 11 varieties of cotton were included in the testin 1920, the yields of which are shown in Table 5. Mebane T. S. No. 804, Mebane T. S. No. 4120, and Acala, head the list, with Snowflake and Durango, which are longer-staple varieties, at the bottom. The grade of lint as a whole was good. The yields, While not as high as in 1917 and 1919, were slightly above the average for the 10-year period, 1917 to 1926, inclusive. The five highest-yielding varieties ranked according to yield of lint are as follows: Mebane T. S. No. 804, Mebane T. S. No. 4120, Acala, Kasch and Bowden. Table 5.—Varieties tested in 1920. Acre Yield Lint Number in Pounds I“. S. _ of Bolls ——-——- No. Variety Per- Length to the Seed _ centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 804 Mebane . . . . . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.6 15/16 S M 67 922 319 L120 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 .3 7/8 S M 56 825 316 L131 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 1 1/8 G M 65 884 314 L117 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4O .5 7/8 G M 54 733 297 L116 Rowen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 .9 1 1/16 G M 56 843 294 793 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 .3 1 1/16 G M 58 808 285 L115 Bennett’s Lone Star . . . . . . . . 38 .2 1 1/8 S M 50 722 276 L119 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.7 1 S M 54 747 274 i150 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.1 1 G M 61 665 240 L114 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.6 1 3/16 G M 78 541 182 L118 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.5 1 1/4 G M 77 601 177 Results in 1921 The yields of the 12 varieties of cotton tested in 1921 are given in Fable 6. All varieties did Well until the gulf storm on June 22, when zhey were damaged considerably. The yields were small and may be zonsidered as failures. v 6563, in the order named. 10 BULLETIN NO. 354, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION‘ Table 6.—Data on varieties tested in 1921. _ Acre Yieldf " Lint Number in Pounds . T. S. of Bolls ———- _ No. Variety Per- Length to the Seed i ' centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lin 804 Mebane* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 .9 1 S M 91 168 j 5990 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 .5 15/16 S M shy 74 121 A 5989 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.9 1 1/16 _S M 69 103 5992 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 .4 29/32 S M 69 94 5995 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 37.6 1 1/8 S M 72 93 5994 Bennett’s Lone Star . . . . . . . . 37 .2 1 3/32 S M shy 71 94 5986 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.7 1 S M 78 95 5984 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 .5 1 1 /32 S M 77 90 5988 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 .0 1 1/16 G M shy 84 86 5993 Rowden. . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 1 1/32 S M 76 89 5987 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.1 1 5/32 S M 105 84 5991 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 .8 1 5/32 S M shy 95 73 *Average of soil checks. Results in 1922 Data on the 13 varieties of cotton t-ested in 1922 are given in Table‘ The yields as a whole were smaller than the average for the 10-y period, 1917 to 1926, inclusive, probably due t0 the excessive rainf during the growing season. The five most profitable varieties we: Mebane, T. S. No. 804, Cook, Lone Star, Acala, and Mebane, T. S. * Table 7 .—Data on varieties tested in 1922. _ Acre Yield Lint Number in Pounds ; T. S. _ of Bolls —— ‘ N0. Variety Per- Length to the Seed _ < centage in Ins Grade Pound Cotton Lin 804 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 .3 7/8 M 68 1063 '- 6560 Cook 588 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 .6 11/16 M 86 713 26 6570 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.0 1 1/16 S M 60 675 2 ~ 6571 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 1 1/16 S L M 70 592 h 6563 Mehane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 .2 31/32 M 61 537 t 6566 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 .3 7 /8 M 65 533 ' 1 6565 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 .4 1 1/16 S L M 64 500 2v 6574 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.7 1 3/32 M 70 419 14 5984 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.2 1 S M 79 419 1 ; 6572 Bennett’s Lone Star . . . . . . . . 37 .9 1 3/32 M 65 364 I 6564 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 .7 1 5/32 M 79 426 1 1 6573 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 .9 13/16 M 65 324 1 6575 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27.9 1 3/8 M 88 394 11 Results in 1923 Table 8 gives the data obtained on the 13 different varieties of cot grown in 1923. The excessive rainfall during the growing season " more disastrous than in 1922. The yields were small and the grade‘; lint poor. Mebane, T. S. 804, Truitt, Rowden, Cliett, Kasch, i Acala all ranked in the order named, for lint production. . Mebane, S. No. 804, was again the outstanding variety in yield. . VARIETIES COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS 11 Table 8.—-Data on varieties tested in 1923. _ Acre Yield Lint Number in Pounds _ of Bolls ————— Variety Per- Length to the Seed centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.3 31 /32 S L M shy 72 257 83 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.7 31/32 S L M 60 213 74 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 33 .5 1 1/16 L M 60 218 73 Cliett . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 38.0 15/16 S L M 62 190 72 Kasch. . .- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 38.0 1 S L M 63 187 71 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 .0 1 1/32 S L M 60 203 69 Lightning Express. . . . . . . . . . 27 .0 1 3/16 L M 96 252 68 Bennett’s Lone Star . . . . . . . . 37 .1 31 /32 L M 58 178 66 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 .1~ 31/32 L M 65 158 57 Hallmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.0 1 1 6 L M 80 185 50 New Boykin. . .» . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 .2 31 /32, L M 77 138 50 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 .4 1 1/16 S L M 60 145 47 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 .1 1 1/32 L M 63 118 45 ' Results in 1924 tgThirteen varieties were included in the variety test of cotton in i 4, as shown in Table 9. The yields this year were very near the rage for the 10-year period, 1917 to 1926, inclusive. Cliett, Lone gr, Mebane, T. S. N0. 804, Acala, and New Boykin, in the order typed, were the more profitable. Cliett and New Boykin, which were iluded in the test for the first time in 1923, made good yields. The _t of these two varieties measured about one inch. Table 9.—Data on varieties tested in 1924. Acre Yield Lint Number in Pounds _ —————————————*———-—— of Bolls — — Variety Per- Length to the Seed '. centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint " Cliett’s Superior. . . . . . . . . . . . 38 .8 1 64 727 282 , Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 36.9 1 1/32 lVI 68 742 274 z Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 .3 1 84 706 256 '1 Acala. . . .._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 34.1 1 1/1 1W 99 724 247 . New Boykin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 .0 1 1/32 S L M 81 650 247 f Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 .8 1 M 72 627 243 p‘ Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 38.7 1 M 65 608 235 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 36.5 1 1/32 l\4 75 619 226 . Startex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 33.3 1 1/16 M 90 642 214 , Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 34.7 1 1/32 M 69 611 212 > Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 .8 1 1/16 M 79 634 208 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 .9 1 1/8 M 112 649 207 ‘ Lightning Express. . . . . .. . . . 28 .4 1 5/32 M 552 157 Results in 1925 ere were 1'7 varieties of cotton in the test in 1925 and data are w in Table 10. The highest-yielding varieties were Mebane, T. S. @804, New Boykin, Mebane, T. S. No. 7859, Kasch, and Mebane, N0. 8400, ranking in the order named. Lightning Express was ghest yielder in the longer-staple group. The yields as a whole 12 BULLETIN NO. 354, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION were somewhat higher than the average for the 10-year period, 191i to 1926, inclusive. Table 10.—Data on varieties tested in 1925. _ Acre Yield » Lint Number in Pounds A T. S. _ of Bolls ————~——— N0. Variety Per- Length to the Seed centage 1n Ins. Grade Pound Cotton 804 Mebane. . ._ . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 1 S M 66 1109 7852 New Boykrn . . . . . . .3 . . . .' 34.8 15/16 S M 63 907 7859 Mebane . . . . . . . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . 36.0 1 1/16 S M shy 57 819 7858 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 .4 1 G M shy 61 784 8400 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 1 1/16 S M 54 815 7854 Acala. . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 .5 1 1/16 G M shy 72 846 7847 Lightning Express . . . . . . . . . . 28 .6 1 .5 /32 S M 87 942 7853 ruitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 .8 1 S M 67 808 7848 Cliett’s Superior . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 .2 1 S M 62 730 8401 Blue Wagon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 .3 1 1/16 S M 60 746 7860 Delfos 6102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 .4 1 5/32 S M 96 884 7855 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 .3 1 1/32 S M 62 799 7411 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.9 1 1/32 S M shy 72 767 7851 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 .7 1 S M sh y 59 700 8399 Qualla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 .4 1 1/32 S M 59 602 7849 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 .8 1 5/16 S M 71 669 7856 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 .3 1 9/32 S M 90 491 Results in 1926 Sixteen varieties were included in the test in 1926, Which Was a no mal year as far as climatic conditions are concerned. Data on the varieties are given in Table 11. The five varieties which made t. highest yield of lint rank as follows: Delfos 6102, Mebane, T. S. N 9237, Cliett, Kasch, and Truitt. Lone Star, Blue Wagon, Mebane, T. S. No. 804, and Durango follow closely the above-named varieti in yield of lint. Delfos was the outstanding variety, both in rega to yield of lint and length of lint. Lightning Express and Snowfla, both of which have longer lint than the other varieties, made low yiel of lint. a Table 11.—Data on varieties tested in 1926. Acre Yield ' Lint Number in Pounds T. S. _ of Bolls —— No. Variety Per- Length to the Seed ~ centage 1n Ins. Grade Pound Cotton 8602 Delfos 6102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.2 1 5/32 M 93 812 9237 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 .6 31/32 M 59 688 8584 Chett . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 .1 1 M 57 605 8585 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . 36 .6 15/16 M 62 562 8610 Truitt..................... 33.4 15/16 M 67 604 8590 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 34.5 1 M shy 60 581 8601 Blue Wagon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 .9 1 S M shy 63 558 804 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 .4 1 M 66 563 8614 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 .5 15/16 M 76 596 8613 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . 33 .0 1 1/32 M 63 562 8599 New Boykin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 1 M 65 512 8605 Lightning Express . . . . . . . . . . 29 .2 1 1/4 M 95 576 8606 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 .2 1 1/16 S M shy 75 505 8588 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 .6 1 1/32 M 55 444 5984 Belton-Ql . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 .4 - 1 1/16 M 63 446 8595 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27.0 1 5/16 M shy -77 455 VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS 13 YIELD OF LINT The yields of lint for all of the principal varieties of cotton which “were grown at Angleton from 1917 to 1926, inclusive, are given in f,‘ able 12. - Great variation is noted in the yields of the different varie- s 'es. In 1917, a very favorable year for ooirton production, some Iarieties yielded more than a bale per acre. In 1919, the yield was so considerably above the average for the 10-year period. The yields ere much below the average in '1921 and in 1923, which probably due largely to the excessive rainfall which occurred during the rly part of the growing season. f Mebane (T. S. No. 804) and Kasch were the only varieties which were own each of the 10 years, 1917 to 1926, inclusive. For this period ,1 ebane (T. S. No. 804) made an average yearly yield of 310 pounds of .t, and Kasch 279 pounds of lint to the acre. Mebane (T. S. No. 804) 0 made the highest average yield for all periods of years, except the f1 ee years, 1917 to 1919, inclusive, when it ranked second in yield. A For the eight-year period, 1919 to 1926, inclusive, Mebane (T. S. o. 804), Kasch, Mebane (A. D. Mebane Sales Agency), and Lone par (D. A. Saunders) ranked in the order named in yield of lint. During the four years, 1922 to 1925, inclusive, Mebane (T. S. N0. '94), Acala (John D. Rogers), Mebane (A. D. Mebane Sales Agency), ine Star (D. A. Saunders), and Truitt ranked in the order named in eld of lint. "lgFor the four years, 1923 to 1926, inclusive, Mebane (T. S. No. 804), iett, Kasch, New Boykin, and Lone Star (D. A. Saunders) were the i" highest-yielding varieties, in the order named. During the last two years of the experiment, 1925 and 1926, Mebane ~. S. No. 804), Mebane (Mebane Cotton Breeding Association), Del- 1: 6102, Kasch, and New Boykin ranked in the order named, with pect to yield of lint. - "These results show that the group of Mebane cottons (Mebane, Kasch, 'ett, and New Boykin), Lone Star, Acala, and Truitt are well adapted ’ the conditions in the humid part of the Gulf Coastal Plains of p: While Delfos 6102 has been grown at Angleton for only two 1's, 1925 and 1926, it is apparently a promising variety for the '0n, since it ranked third in average yield for the two years. Mebane _; S. No. 804) was the most profitable variety, based on the total ue of lint and seed, taking into consideration the yield of lint and o, and also the length and grade of lint. SIZE OF BOLL _ here appeared to be a large amount of variation between varieties * egard to the number of well-opened bolls of seed cotton required to "; one pound. Data on the size of bolls for all varieties grown at leton from 1917 to 1926 are given in Table 13. 14 BULLETIN NO. 354, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ....wGNQr~\ .mN=NQ TOU mflhnzrvfl Uifl UQQW wNKUF ... ....>.~.~Nm dhfiunm mmnmdvm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .fl> .@iOE§U@m JuOw umv U00? .>/ NF ..UGN_QPO_U|HOMNENGCNB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .WNKUF QQNEHQ§@ .me.mfih @U®@ nmowgwkQh . . .Uwoi@~m5nvm W¢gnvw§@kmvm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . .wNKQrF JLWJMUOQ Jmflawvnvm .3 .. . . .QOMQENSU @0>O.~Q8@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q.~:Q5< .QQ@HNH@ QCUET~QQKQ fiaflQflw/N T . . . . . . .ZQEH~TMH x E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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Ease ao§m=< aoénw Em JSP . . . . . . . . . . . 45w QEBQE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .wfivn01~\ JhaOwwQOm JMOMCZ GOQWNE . . . . . . . . . . . Qwnvwflg Qwim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wNNQ/W .mOO.~fi2 GNW Jfivwflx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Afivwflm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . WNWUH -woUHN2 HHN@ “wahflm 00% %mwééfi> MQUHNE Gmm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . .MNNQH Tfikflginvmvq lkfinvcfi 4 MQ%.NZ UQNQQE .Q .4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .QAHN@QE 2E 2S .23 .25 .25 .23 .23 and .23 m5 . $2 $2 $2 32 NmmH 82 82 0.23 22 :2 3am Ho 095cm ~3o€m>_ .33 ma i: a. waawlfi Qzfi. l fiflmwlfliOPfilOfia 15 VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS .......... .. w w? Hfiffi» HHHHMHHHHMHNQQMMW .......... .. ....uguHmUt.m...mwm HMHHHH w mm HER Huimfiw S m: m. S” ..,......$:... 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QGNDQE ..... ....nQE3.~F @5232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fiwflmflnifig . . . . . . . . . . v . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . nvgfigUz . . . . . . . . . . . . .#~Q@Na @H;m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gnvwwm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .QHm.N@U2 .23 03w Bu: ~ dWwg fl 3mm? v xix .23 3am 6W2: mun»? w ism .34 o>flw~zoc~| d2“ H 2 Emu? w ism .25 wwfimam J wéWa H 2 wbwu? w fax .23 @2263 awsw ~ 3 Ema? w no wfloivnm 535D .5“ mom3o>< r |L‘.....w.KE-..LFL.NMF,F:E . .. v hwoifi/ I Y-‘NOOQHOGOPOOQ 16 BULLETIN NO. 354, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION It was necessary to make averages for different periods of years, since i all varieties were not grown in the test for the same period. During the years 1917, 1918, 1921, and 1924, when the rainfall during the summer and early fall months Was deficient, the bolls which developed were smaller than those developed in years of favorable rainfall. The bolls of practically all varieties were largest in 1919 and 1,920, ' when the rainfall during the summer and early fall was abundant. Mebane (A. D. Mlebane Sales Agency) produced the largest average size of boll in every average in which it was included, excepting the four ? years, 1923 to 1926, inclusive, when Oliett held first place, Mebane ‘ second, and Lone Star and Kasch tied for third place. The varieties with longer lint, such as Snowflake, Durango, Lightning Express, and Delfos 6102, produced the smallest bolls. Mebane (T. S. No. 804), which has consistently been an early-maturing and high-yielding variety, produced medium-sized bolls. The varieties having medium- to large-sized bolls generally produced the largest yields of lint cotton, as may be seen by referring to Table 12. The small-boll varieties, with the exception of Delfos 6102, made small yields. PERCENTAGE OF LINT ' Data on the percentage of lint for all varieties of cotton tested at Angleton from 191'"? to 1926, inclusive, are given in Table 14. Eight A different averages are given so that all of the principal varieties which were grown for more than two years might be studied on a comparable . basis. a All varieties showed within themselves variation in the percentage of , lint from year to year. Bennetts Lone Star appeared to be the most uniform in percentage of lint, while Mebane (T. S. No. 804) showed the greatest variation in percentage of lint. I The better-adapted varieties having the highest average percentage of lint follow in the order named: Kasch, Mebane (A. D. Mebane Sales Agency), Cliett, Mebane (Mebane Cotton Breeding Association), New Bojykin, Lone Star (D. A. Saunders), Bennetts Lone Star, Mebane: Triumph (Ferguson), and Mebane (T. S. No. 804). These varieties- having a percentage of lint ranging in the various averages from 34 to.) 39.6 per cent, made the highest yields of lint cotton, as may be seen by referring to Table 12, page 14. ' The varieties of cotton having a low percentage of lint (below 32f per cent) were among the low yielders of lint, with the exception of Delfos 6102. j Rainfall appeared to have no marked or consistent effect on the per- if centage of lint from year to year. " LENGTH OF LINT Considerable variation in the length of lint was noted among the? varieties of cotton from year to year, some varieties being more vari- VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS 17 able than others. Environmental conditions may be responsible for a part of this variation; although it may be characteristic of some vari- eties to be, more variable than others with respect to length of lint. Rainfall during the growing season for the period 1919 to 1926 was sufiicient for optimum growth of the plant; although in some years it was greatly in excess of the needs of the crop. There is generally a good demand for cotton having lint from 15-16 to 1% inches in length, and such cotton often commands a premium -' when sold on the staple market. The data obtained on the length of .lint are given in Table 15. Varieties of cotton which have made good yields of lint at Angleton, and which have a length of lint within the "1 range as stated above, follow in the order of their yield of lint: Mebane (T. S. No. 804), Oliett, Mebane (A. D. Mebane Sales Agency), Kasoh, New Boykin, Lone Star (D. A. Saunders), Acala, and Truitt. p; The varieties of cotton having longer lint, such as Snowflake, Du- y, rango, and Lightning Express, which have lint varying in length from 1 3-16 to 1 1-2 inches, did not produce the highest yields of lint, as < may be seen by referring to Table 12, page 14. These varieties also produced small bolls (Table 13, page 18), and had a low percentage of ‘V; lint (Table 14, page 20). ~ Varieties having an average length of lint of about 1 inch were, in most cases, relatively early in maturity. They also produced bolls medium to large in size, having a percentage of lint from 34 to 39.6, made good yields of lint, and were the most profitable ones for the humid part of the Gulf Qoastal Plains of Texas. Delfos 6102, a'com- ipparatively new variety having been grown only during 1925 and 1926, produced good yields of lint, averaging 1 5-32 inches in length, was . early in maturing, and gives promise of being one of the better-adapted ‘varieties for this section. EARLINESS V; A study was made of earliness of the varieties of cotton based on the "ifollowing points: (a) The yield of seed cotton produced by the first i eithree pickings; (b) the total number of blooms produced during the ‘yason and the number produced during the first thirty days of the k ooming period; (c) the number of days occurring between the emer- ence of the seedling plants and the first bloom; and between emergence 31nd the first open boll. Earliness as Indicated by Yield , The earliness of a variety of cot-ton as indicated by yield in this Bulletin is considered from two points of view: first; from the amount f seed cotton produced at the first three pickings; and, second, by the percentage of the total crop produced by the first three pickings, the “ latter being the most accurate index of earliness. Picking began when g the first few bolls in a variety were opened and continued throughout the season atapproximately weekly intervals. N mm T A T S T N E M I R E P x E L A R U T L u C I R G A S A x E T 4 5 3 O N N Y1 T E L L U B 18 % @@N61§Ofi' N I IQKDQOBO@< m in‘: Icnnmmoozn Yo: <0 -v< -~u~l-u:aonvohw abwnafi .< d . . . . . . 3mm 25A mm . . . . . . . . . dnwwm. dmqrmfiw $5.8m uwww 52590 . . . . . . . Iumvmmom Q0 mm . . . . . . . . . 5.26m. 4886.5 £85m voww nownmkwm . . . . inflsim. vsnnofi mm. o» . . . . . . . awwvm. imzwnm .60 mfiomm m5.» woww Sxum. . . . . . . Amisim. wfifiwz . - . . . . . . . . ~ . . - - - - -.w@x@P -h 1m -»'-»»-.@.=@p@2 @852 Em £3280 Hm . . . . . . . . éznsd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 m. ififioowm dosioomwm. 3.32m H8630 oflmfiog . . . . . . . 65302 . . . . . . . . . 5.88m. dwflpvam £85m 3mm uomnEwm . . . 3115mm 3oz N9 . . . . . . . . . . . . ddkwr? .flOuw@Mfl< .QOE.Nw@ .QN@ .NQ%. . . . QQNQQE .... .... ...-..v . ~ . - ....HMOg.B QB . . . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . .W.NN®& fiOOHNS §fl@ rfiOmfim . . . . . . . . . m . . . .w.@.m.. moubwmz 5m aiwwm wwum >21.» mQQSE 5w . . . . . . . . . .325 wnwwm. uhfiiooq .853» woman onnnofi .9 .< . . . . . . . dnwnoz wSm Z3 wwwm mo uP-aow .328.» mésoa 28 n99; E @269: 23m mo Enfizzlawm vfiam. 19 VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ...... .3. HR HR RH EH RH HM HE .3“? HR EH EH RH EH QR mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. mm 3 S mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. mm “w mw *6 . . . . .. mm mm mm . . . . .. 3 om E . . . . . . . .. E. mm 3. . . . . .. 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B23 -33 $333 -3333: .3333: -8333 -3333: 33.3w 3o 3.23am 333333333 33333.33 33333.3 333333.33. 3333.33. 3333.33. -33333333 3333333 £333 B23 3.3.333 £333 $333 33333 8333 333333 333333 Bu» ~ fiaww 3o 33.33am 333333.80 .38 33333.63» $33233 333 £m33§|¢3333 .30 333333333312 33333.39 23 VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS . . . . . . . , . . . . : w: ..zswA:oO wwom 62923’ .........6£Em . . . . O . , . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . O . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . , . O . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ism mmefias» . . A . . . . . . . . . . :2>_ ........ .328..a§.£€§_aq.m.o4 ...... .2.¢.@ . . . . . . . . . :25 . . . . . . . JifiéécoawzEaammmzo §Q~mm.=w_@a2m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. w: S “awake awzwgunavm i6 ......wsw 2E2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :6 3N N .m . . .. M E .2: .22 .22 .22 EH m5 .5 .5 .22 .5 .82 .22 EH 2H .21 w 2 5. @222 o m s21. n 202 d2 2.2; .2; 3 $22 .63 ‘I . 2%: -~MM_ Wfi $2 2-2 .2 msim was? mafiizawfi. whfimw 2% aw? £2 £2 £2 22 22 a2 32 22 22 Em w. 250w 225» PQQAN i=3? we mvoiwm cfiiwO .22 mvmnhw>< 62E£=oO|.mwnwnm E fimnoQlLzfi Mo numcoqlhfi wink _ produced by the first three pickings. 24 BULLETIN NO. 354, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Yield of Seed Cotton at First Three Pickings The data obtained on this phase of earliness are given in Table 16. For the five years, 1922 to 1926, inclusive, Truitt produced the highest average yield of seed cotton at the first three pickings and also made the highest percentage of total yield at first three pickings (Table 1'7). Kasch, Lone Star, and Rowden rank next in the order named. For a period of four years, 1923 to 1926, inclusive, Lightning Express made the highest average yield of seed cotton at the first three pickings and g also produced a larger percentage of its total yield at the first three pickings than the other varieties, Table 1'7. For another period of 1. four years, 1922, 1923, 1924, and 1926, Mebane (T. S. No. 804) made the highest average yield of seed cotton at the first three pickings. This variety ranked second in percentage of the total crop produced at the first three pickings, Table 1'7. Acala (John D. Rogers), made the highest average yield of seed cotton at the first three pickings and also the largest percentage of the total crop produced at the first three pickings for the four years, 1922 to 1925, inclusive. - The Percentage of Total Crop Produced at the First Three Pickings The percentage of the total crop produced by the first three pickings i of the several varieties appears in Table 1'7. In a general way it . appears that those varieties which rank first in percentage of the total , crop produced at the first three pickings, also produced the largest total crop as shown in Table 16. An exception t0 this 1's Rowden, Which . made the highest percentage of the total crop at the first three pickings _ for the years 1922 and 1923, but ranked fourth, in the amount of seed cotton produced at the first three pickings for the two years (Table 16). Earliness as Indicated by Bloom Count A record was kept during 1922 and 1923 of the number of blooms ' opening on 100 consecutive plants of every variety of cotton grown. The blooms were counted every fifth day, from the time the first bloom appeared until the end of the blooming period. A comparison is made . in Table 18 between the number of blooms opening every fifth day _ during the first thirty days of the blooming period and the yield of ' seed cotton produced by the first three pickings; and also between the E total number of blooms counted and the total yield of seed cotton. The data obtained are given in Table 18. In general, these data a show that the varieties which produced the largest number of blooms 1 for the first 30 days of the blooming period and for the entire blooming =1 period also produced the highest yield of seed cotton at the first three f‘ pickings and also the highest total yield. , It would appear that the number of blooms produced during the .2 first 3O days of the blooming period is an indicator of earliness, but is not as accurate an index of earliness as the percentage of the total crop , 25' VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS m 3w C» . .. . . . . . . . . .. .. . w www mww . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................O.m_e=€ mmewexm éfiem .eO weem weeewwwem mmemeo wemewwwmq H wmw www . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .......................mwmwa65> éeewm reO weew weehmmeem eERwnewm mwww merefl I wwm www . w Sm mww .. . . . . .. . ....§xe.w aEeQeBA ..eesepw aim mexee Iewefiefl ww wwm fin w www Sm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. ...me»e.w eEZWVwEQO eeEeQew/TO anew Iemewaeem ... w 5w wwm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..mewerwamfimspeeeemiqwweepweeeq emseeeem w SN www w Hww mww . ...........eexeb.§ewee=eeem< msem eeenewm d w. . 28234 w wow ww» .. . . .. .................wexekseeflieeq desfieemmw. memeeeem nefieO enewefi eeeneww Aw .. ... .... .--........- .... .- .... .. - ..... .. ..... .-........ . ... .....M\NNQHJmaimvmfiicmrflcvizifinfiwwwflg.@ifi@fiaQfilm $ www Cw w w? m2 m 3m www w 2: 3w w g “a. w mww www w www www . . .. ..m§aa meEeE mum 5Q EH . . .32 w www wbw .. . w www wE . . . . . ..............we»e& mefieww . 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Ma N.» . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .369 .8.M£c@=< ihowom D M53 . . . . . . . . . . .234» mQD MMEMQ MMEMQ WEMQ PEQ mbwQ 93G 93C 93G 23G MSMMD mEMQ EQQ Pmdg Q E8 o 88 B E8 =5 ESE =8, Eoofi =3 883 =3 82MB MWMMMMW M-mfin MMMHQMMMLQ Min wwno Kin mono a; 55o £3 ammo Q3 =26 a2 M: M2 E M2 ME M2 M: mN-Nmi 3&2 mN-wfl: mNLMMQNNMMM 3am Mo Rzsom Emir» Mtficw w Eafiw m Bu»? m WHMMQW m $3 mwi “m3 Ewfiw we mwciom flwwwwvU Q8 mmwwkwvl‘. don awmc 6G 8 ca.» 82.3 3.6 8 B53 wnmwvwm .3 Msqwwkufl» 89¢ mambsgo 5% we k585i 2i B. wynafifi 3 MSEMQMMS ~iHfiHl-@@ Baum. VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL‘ PLAINS OF TEXAS 29 Earliness as Indicated by the Number of Days from Emergence to First Bloom and t0 First Open Boll Data on the number of days from emergence to first bloom and from emergence to first open boll of the several varieties for the three years, 1922, 1923, and 1925, appear in Table 19. It would appear from these results that in a general Way the number of days from emergence to first open boll is a better indicator of earliness than the number of days from emergence to first bloom. Perhaps the most striking feature about these data is that there is very little diiference between the vari- eties in the days from emergence to first bloom and from emergence to first open boll. Neither of these indicators of earliness, however, is as accurate as the percentage of the total crop produced by the first three pickings. Conclusions on Earliness Data are presented on the several factors which indicate earliness; namely, (a) amount of seed cotton produced at the first three pickings, and percentage of total crop produced at the first three pickings; (b) the number of blooms produced, and (c) the number of days from emer- gence to first bloom and to first open boll. These data indicate that the percentage of the total crop produced at the first three pickings is I the most accurate index of earliness. It also happens that those vari- eties which produced the largest percentage of seed cotton at the first three pickings, also produced the highest yield at the first three pickings as well as the highest total yield. The number of blooms counted at five-day intervals for the first 30 days of the blooming period also indi- a cate the relative earliness of the varieties, although it is not as accurate an indicator as the percentage of the total crop produced at the first three pickings. The number of days from emergence to first bloom and to first open boll. do not appear to be as accurate an indicator of earliness as the other two mentioned. COMPARISON OF VARIETIES REGARDING YIELD OF LINT, SIZE OF BOLL, PERCENTAGE AND LENGTH OF LINT, AND EARLINESS , Eleven of the most productive varieties of cotton which were grown at Angleton from 1922 to 1926, are listed in Table 20. In this table comparisons are made between the yield of lint and number of bolls required to weigh one pound; yield and percentage of lint; yield and length of lint; yield and early maturity. Two groups of averages were necessary to include all of the eleven varieties: one being for the four years, 1922 to 1925, inclusive; and the other for the four years, 1923 to 1926, inclusive. N 0 TL T A T S T N E M I R E P X E L A R U T L U C I R G A S A X E T 4. 5 3 0 N N I T E L L U B 30 $.£@ . . . . - . ' . . . i - . - . . - . . - - - . - . . . . . . . - . . . i . - . . . . - . . . . . . . - u .0 In a-co . . . . 1 HZ» HS. HEH H 2D H H2 H? 3 E oH m: w HS ..... ..§a.H. gave Hssfiw HHHQSHHQHHHHH 35H. ....... ...H§H@.HH 2H. Hi 2h H HEH H In HZ». 8 Ha w EH H. 2H ............ :58. Haflflvmm HHHQH ..8HHH HHBHBom . . . . . . .€H.E.HH Hfi HZ... H $5.. HQH “i; s m. H. N2 m 5H ................ 136E Hazaré HHQQwHfiEH. HHHEH. ........ .. H2 HEHH v3 E H 8H ............:§s,H.GEHHQHHHHHHHQHOHHQ52..........~H8< N? H3 H 5H H Q2 HEM Q x. H EH H m: ............ .255. iHHzaeo £2.25 .< d . . . . 1:6 25H 9H... ........ .. H .... . .. HQ” . . . . . . .. fi . . . . . . .. H. 5H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :58. iasé iaarH Havw HHEHEWH HHHHHOHH Ez 3H. v3 H HQH» #5 HS» m. He m 8H H. EH ... ............ . HHHHHBH @822 5w 103m HHHH ....... ifiam HHS HZ... HQH H HQH H I” 9% a. m. H. s: m 8H .2599 H5205 H825 saw QHHQHHHHE d .< ...... ..2§n@2 2H. . ..... : H . . . . . . .. “.5 ...... .. .. s . . . . . . : H Ha . . . . . . . . . . : 5H. HHEQH Haw iaarH Héw Héewmcoaz Haw ........ zseHo ........ .. H HQHHH 2H m3 fi .2 H HQ H HR ......§a.H. HHSEMHJH dQHHEwHHHQHHHHHoHHHH 35H. He» QHHHHHHQE Hx. Hm. BASH n22: H“. “H. dz 2H HHHHSH EH HHHHBH 3H 40E A?! 3H: A05 40E 405 A05 A05 . 40E A03 HHZNHHH dQNNHHH dmémfi .382 dNLHNHHH 63a: HHZHHHH TmQNNHHH dm-mmfi 3&2 Hgww, w Hmuflw w. P507 w. 930M, w Ewe? w 3.3% v Emu? w. Htdw? w Ewe? v 83> w flaw Ho 85cm ~H€EH> 95cm @2295 Hams; 25 HHFHH 2 005a. ambrm 8:2; E QEQ Ho UQHMHHGQM wsom P54 5M mvfldomm 3 wooHHwPHm HHPHO 05A Ho HHHEHHQA HHwQHHHQQHvHH Ho HwnHHHHHZ E 35 Ho wHwWW HQHPH. Ho QmQHHHHHHHHHHm |3H.HH<.E2 33H mama. mO H3980 05a Ow v25» v.53 53GB H958 Q0 wvmawmud? 0a: m0 mvmummuwaodufiflu hi? 22m wO QOQTQQBOQIdN 23MB. VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS '31 Mebane (T. S. No. 804;), which produced the highest average yield of lint in both averages, had a medium-sized boll; a percentage of lint of 34.3; a length of lint of about one inch; and by referring to Table 1'7 it will be noted that it matured its crop of cotton relatively early, Since no record was made of the early maturity of Mebane (T. S. No. 804) in 1925, it was not included in the averages for early ma- turity in Table 20. Cliett, Mebane (A. D. Mebane Sales Agency), and Kasch, which were high yielders of lint, produced larger bolls than Mebane (T. S. No. 804), a11d also had a higher percentage of lint. The length of lint was about the same for all four of these varieties, ranging from 1 inch to 1 1-32 inches, and they also matured their crops ot cotton relatively early. Acala made good yields of lint, produced a medium-sized boll, had a percentage of lint of 33.7, a length of lint of 1 1-16 inches, and Was the earliest-maturing variety. Lightning Express was also one of the earliest maturing varieties, producing lint 1 3-16 inches in length; but to offset these advantages, it made a low yield of lint, had small bolls, and an average percentage of lint of only 28.3. New Boykin, Lone Star, and Truitt made good yields of lint. They produced medium- to large-sized bolls having a percentage of lint rang- ing from 34.41 to 35.8, had a length of lint of about 1 inch, and were early-maturing varieties. Bowden and Belton made lower yields of lint and a lower percentage of lint, but slightly longer lint than Lone Star, New Boykin, and Truitt. With respect to size of boll and earli- ness of maturity, Rowden and Belton were somewhat similar to New Boykin, Lone Star, and Truitt. _ - The varieties of cotton which are listed in Table" 20, with the possible exception of Rowden, Belton, and Lightning Express, were the highest yielders of lint and apparently are best suited to conditions in the Gulf Coastal Plains of Texas. These better varieties, in addition to pro- ducing high yields of lint, produced medium- to large-sized bolls having a percentage of lint ranging from 33.7 to 38.0 per cent. They had a length of lint which varied from 31-32 to 1 1-16 inches, averaging slightly better than 1 inch and all were relatively early in maturing their crops of cotton. CORRELATION BETWEEN YIELD, LENGTH OF LINT, AND PERCENTAGE OF LINT The correlations between yield of lint and length of lint; yield of lint and percentage of lint; and between percentage of lint and length of lint, on the 10 to 17 varieties of cotton studied at Angleton for the five years, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, and 1925, are given in Table 21. In figuring the coefficient of correlation, each variety is treated as a unit for each year in which it appears. The correlations are thus inter- varietal and measure the tendency for association between the characters as they occurred in the different varieties studied; and do not necessarily 32 BULLETIN NO. 354, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION mean that the same relationship would be found between different plants all belonging t0 the same variety. A study of the relationships between characters which exist within a variety of cotton are reported in Texas Station Bulletin No. 332. Owing to the comparatively small number of individuals composing the population (10 to 1'7 varieties), from which the probable errors are calculated, too much emphasis should not be placed on the significance of the correlation coefiicient secured from a study of the three characters, yield of ‘lint, length of lint, and pe§centage of lint. Table 21.—Correlation between yield, length of lint, and percentage of lint. Yield of Lint Yield of Lint Percentage of Year with Length with Percentage Lint with Length of Lint of Lint of Lint 1919 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. —.415:.18 ——.04;l:.21 —.67;l=.12 1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. —.82i.07 .62=l:.13 —.76:|:.09 1921 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ‘—.51;l:.16 .39;l:.l8 ——.52:l:.15 1922 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. —.45:l:.17 .22;i:.20 -——.71:l:.1O 1925 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. —.66;1;.09 .54;i;.12 —-.78;i=.06 Corrected average coefficient of correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ——.5l;l=.07 .28;|=.15 ——.62:|=.10 Correlation Between Yield and Length of Lint The correlations between yield of lint and length of lint for the five years as given in Table 21, ranged from —-.4=1i.18 to ,—.82-I_-.07 having a corrected average coefficient of correlation of -—.51i.0'7. With regard to the varieties studied, there appears to be a fairly significant negative correlation in some years, between yield of lint and length of lint, indi- cating a tendency for the yield of lint to decrease as the length of lint increases, particularly when the length becomes longer than 1 1/ 16 inches, as illustrated in Figure 1 on page 6. Correlation Between Yield and Percentage of Lint The correlation between yield of lint and percentage of lint for the five years given in Table 21, ranged from —-.04i.21 to .62i.13, the corrected average ooefficient of correlation being 28:15. In two of the five years, 1920 and 1925, with the varieties studied, there appeared to be a tendency for the yield of lint to increase as the percentage of lint increased; while in 1919 the correlation was negative and not sig- nificant, and in 1921 and 1922 the correlation was positive and not sig- nificant. In no case was the percentage of lint of a variety higher than 4O per cent or lower than 28 per cent. Correlation Between Percentage and Length of Lint Negative correlations were obtained between percentage of lint and length of lint, as shown in Table 21. The correlation coefficients ranged VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS 33 from —.52—_!;.15 to #378106, the corrected average coefficient of corre- lation being -—.62i—.10. The coeflicients appeared to be rather sig- nificant in four of the five years, in which from 1O to 17 varieties were studied each year. These results indicate that, in the case oi the varie- ties studied, there appears to be a tendency for the length of lint to decrease as the percentage of lint increases. Correlation does not necessarily rest on physiological or genetic rela- tions, and much of the correlation which does exist may be due to the physical impossibility for the breeder of the variety to stress equally all of the desirable characteristics which his variety may possess, in making his plant selections. Part of the observed correlation may also be due to the association of certain characters in the variety at the time the breeder first began to improve it, and if he has placed no emphasis on these characters in making selections the correlation between them has probably remained unchanged. VARIETIES OF COTTON TESTED AT ANGLETON, 1914-1926, INCLUSIVE The more important varieties of cotton have been discussed previously in this Bulletin, but a complete list of all varieties is given here for information of anyone desiring a complete record of the variety test atthis Station. A list of all the varieties of cotton that have been grown in variety tests at Substation No. 3, Angleton, Texas, since 1914, together with source of seed and yields of lint, is given in Table 22. 34 BULLETIN NO. 354, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :5 3510 32.5.2 “.325 .140 . . . . . . . . . Z355. ioonnnn écsxfiw unoniomxfl 3.6m. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iflw E IA uz . . . . . . . . . . . . . .~.....¢O mamswflé d0 wvow pavzm? d .2 . . . . . . . ..§.2 2=>§8m .8 Em woswavm 05.52am . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . < . . 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L 2.6 6.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : L U |||l\|. ll B 22 622 6.26 22 22 a2 22 22 22 :2 22 22 6 a .. .. .....r 9..., . - . . - . . . - . . . - . . . ¢ . 11am ...-....-»¢-..-|g°g€Q-H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2269 .86666O .60 88H 6.66m 666.695 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6666mo8m 6.6869 . . . . ..6U_6668w8<..QUw66m666E>>.A.Z ........._........666O6269 . . . . . . . . . . . .................florwwgdfiw<_mwflmamflm-U.m ..................QO.MOO.~5@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15w _fl#m.5w.5< TOO .©UO@ 4% JZ . . . . . . .Q~Q.N&@ MQOQ hmvBO€U@ . . . . . . . .60? imOfifiuw QMOZOC .iO~.a_-waw aQ®fl:.m®Qx@ 3X05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M0ahdum . ‘ . . . . . . . . . . . - - . . . . . - . - ~ . -m u? . . . - . -$i . . . . > . - . . . . . . . . . ~ 1O . . . . . . - . - 6 . . - . - - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66269 .6_=>686._6_O .6225 6. 6668662 ............666666Bo8m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16A .8625 362 665m 2.880 .........8=.£Em 6.866688% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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QNOGEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..m.NN0E fimfiOnrf §Qa%.®@ -r% :1 ....................QQ.N@Q2 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . - . 6 . 6 - 6 ~ - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.269 .66=6Q :60 682m v86 666m 226m. . . . . . . . . 1.888369 686662 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6683. .86868m 6.86m 666m 8668268 . . . . . . .:<: 8888689 68.2662 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6669 8686i .6866“ 866m 8666668 . . . . . . . .63 8888.89 68.6662 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.269 .868868w 686m 666w 862.266 . . . . . . . . . . . 46888689 6866,62 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6669 .86868m .6886 m 6.66m 86682666 . . . . . . 16$ 8888669 686662 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.269 .86868m 686m 666m 8668366 . . . . . . 1+3 8888689 686662 . . . . . . . - ~ 6 u - . u - ~ - . . . . . . - . 1.66869 .68.2§6oq _8o662.6o66< 6866665 866660 68.6662 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68.6n62 6.66m .66 66=5w 66666.68» v688668oOI6666 86m 666883 86 866666 68: 6o 636$ 86686 666.8 .6>662686 .33 o6 $3 89a 8666384. 6.6 16666666666666 >|dm 6369 37 VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .........................%Z.Wo_@M.Nm>~mfi@EQOQ@OSQThN-A<...................¢-INAHH:4 k? . . . . M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..3§.B.v_:>§@O.m=m>>.H..m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..£=$> . . . . 1% z: .................. 1.6ésa=<..oofiomso_=>>.u.z . . A . . . . . .fifiwwmm.aao=m$ ..................................................-.i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . ...G.o_fi@€§_wv.nmOagO@m‘flO@%fiOOg-a.rf......wugfl@®>miolkwv@fiadflfldg . . . . . . . . . . 18m .........:.1..........:...O.makoafifiamdoméhwmwflmannBsw.>>..............Q$_a8§na>> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..maflkwE-fldahvflwrahfl@gwwflnvwflwhvr% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zwfiwfiwfi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :§...§w...:::....:..........:............¢waa¢>5..oo_vv£a>%.a>...¢oamfim>>womm.hozea> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . .. E ................a.se fifim so zsa as 80w mask .......@asw ma: $0.5: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G.U .N@Qfl@w< iwflsmflm .6 .m . . . . _ . . . . . . . 129$ flOznp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -.ma0m—.._mmg@7nvog@@0u.m§u& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ZQZQME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ....................fl.o-N$E§ €==Esol23 .3 $5.3 a 8:8 a5 a. 22.» “m2: fir» 622.23 6N3 8 E2 Boa nswai s. “was: 8m§a>|u§ ~58. -tween yield and length of lint, and between length and percentage i 38 BULLETIN NO. 354, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION SUMMARY The results of the variety test of cotton at Angleton show that l’ group of Mebane cottons (Mebane, Kasch, Cliett, and New Boykin Lone Star, Acala, and Truitt are well adapted to the conditions ' the humid part of the Gulf Coastal Plains of Texas. A Texas Stati strain of Mebane (T. S. No. 804), made the highest average yie for the 8-year period, 1919-1926, inclusive. ; Mebane (A. D. Mebane Sales Agency) produced the largest avera size of boll. The varieties having medium- to large-sized bolls, ever, produced the largest average yields of lint. ' Varieties of cotton having lint about one inch in length produc the largest average yields of lint. l" All varieties of cotton showed Within themselves variation in the pe centage of lint from year to year. Bennett Lone Star appeared to be t most uniform in percentage of lint, while Mebane (T. S. No. 80 showed the greatest variation in this respect. Those varieties of cot g having percentages of lint ranging from about 34 to 38 per cent made Z highest average yields of lint, showing that yield of lint in general more important than percentage of lint. For instance, Mebane ( S. No. 804), having an average percentage of lint of 34.3, yiel 2'71 pounds of lint per acre; while Kasch having a ‘percentage of i» yielded 1'79 pounds of lint per acre, showing that a high percent of lint is not always indicative of a high yield of lint. ._ The percentage of the total crop produced by the first three pi ings, as considered in this Bulletin, is an accurate indicator of earlin The number of blooms produced during the first 30 days of the bloo ing period, and the number of days from emergence to first open boll , also indicators of earliness, but they are notas accurate indicators A earliness as the percentage of the total crop produced by the first thr, pickings. In general the high-yielding varieties were relatively early _ maturity. Negative correlations were obtained among the varieties studied" i lint; indicating a tendency for the yield of lint to decrease as the len of lint increases, and for the percentage of lint to decrease as the len of lint increases. Positive correlations were obtained between yield a percentage of lint, indicating a tendency for the yield to increase as g percentage of lint increases, the correlation being significant, howeve in only two of the five years studied. The results show that the varieties of cotton which were the m0 profitable were characterized by high yields of lint, medium- to larg sized bolls, percentages of lint ranging from 34 to 38, and having 1i varying in length from 1 to 1 1-16 inches, and relatively early maturit I VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR THE GULF COASTAL PLAINS OF TEXAS 39 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Mr. A. B. Conner, then chief of the Division of Agronomy, instituted the Work 0n the testing of varieties of cotton at Substation N0. 3, Angleton, in 1914, and had general supervision of it until 1918. From 1919 to 1923, inclusive, the variety tests of cotton were under the supervision of the Division of Cotton Breeding. Mr. E. B. Reynolds, chief, Division of Agronomy, has had charge of the project since 1923. The field experiments were conducted and data collected by the follow- ing former superintendents of the Angleton Station: Mr. N. E. Winters, Mr. E. B. Reynolds, Mr. V. E. Hafner, and by the present superinten- dent, Mr. R. H. Stansel. The authors are indebted to Mr. E. B. Reynolds, chief, Division of Agronomy, for helpful suggestions concerning the preparation of the manuscript, and to Mr. E. C. Cushing, assistant in crops, for assistance in the compilation of data and the necessary calculations involved. LIST OF BULLETINS REPORTING RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED AT SUBSTATION NO. 3, ANGLETON, TEXAS The following publications of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Sta- tion report data secured in experiments conducted at Substation No. 3, Angleton, Texas: Bulletin No. 172. Sudan Grass——1915. Bulletin No. 195. Japanese Sugar Cane as a _Forage Crop-—1916. Bulletin No. 197. Proggeasggliltgilaétlirt at Substation No. 3, Angleton, Texas, Bulletin No. 229. Experiments at Substation No. 3, 1909-1916. Bulletin No. 230. Spacing in Rows of Corn and Its Effect upon Grain Yield——1918. (Exhausted.) Bulletin No. 266. The Staple of Texas Cotton——1920. (Ex-hausted.) Bulletin No. 274. Cotton Variety Experiments—1921. (Exhausted.) Bulletin No. 276. Corn Variety Experiments—1921. (Exhausted) Bulletin No. 340. The Effect of Spacing on the Yield of C0tton—-1926. Bulletin No. 342. Angleton Grass——1926. _ Circular No. 37. Subterranean Clover—A New Sandy-land Grazing Crop for Southeastern Texas—1925.