LIBRARY, ‘ CA%PUS. A22-628-9000—L18O TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION A. B. CONNER, DIRECTOR COLLEGE STATION, muzos COUNTY, TEXAS BULLETIN NO. 384 SEPTEMBER, 1928 DIVISION OF AGRONOMY AGRICULTURAL at MBOHANTUAL COLLEGE 0F Tans LIBRARY VARIETIES OF coTTow FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE OF TEXAS T. O. WALTON, President STATION ADIWINISTRATION: A. . CONNER. M. S., Director R. E. KARPER, M S., Vice-Director J M. ScHAEDEL. Secretary M. P. HOLLEMAN, JR.. Chief Clerk J. K. FRANcKLnw. Assistant Chief Clerk CHESTER limos. Executive Assistant C B. NEBLETTE, Technical Assistant CHEMISTRY: G. S. FRAPS, Ph. D., Chief: State Chemist S l5. AsRURY, M. S . Assistant Chemist E. C. CARLYLE, B. S., Chemist WALoo H. WALKER, Assistant Chemist VELMA GRAHAM, Assistant Chemist O. S. Osooon, M. S., Assistant Chemist T. L. OGIER, B. S . Assistant Chemist J. G. EvANs. Assistant Chemist ATHAN J. STERGEs, B. S., Assistant Chemist G S. CRENSHAW, A. B.. Assistant Chemist JEANNE M. FUEoAs. Assistant Chemist HANs PLATENEUs, M. Sc., Assistant Chemist HORTICULTURE: HAMiLToN P TRAUR, Ph. D , Chief H. NEss, M. S., Berry Breeder RANGE ANIMAL HUSBANDRY: J. M. JoNEs, A. M., Chief; Sheep and Goat Investigations J. L. LUsn. Ph. D., Animal Husbandman; Breeding Investigations STANLEY P DAvIs, Wool Grader ENTOMOLOGY: F. L. TnoMAs, Ph. D., Chief; State Entomologist H. J REINRARD, B. S., Entomolo ist R. K. FLFTCHER. M. A , Entomo ogist W. L OWEN. JR., M. S., Entomologist FRANK M. HULL, M. S., Entomologist J. C. GAxNEs, JR., M. S , Entomologist C. J. Tom), B S., Entomologist F. F BIRBY, B. S., Entomologist S. E. McGREcoR, JR., Acting Chief Foulbrood _ Inspector O'r'ro MAcKENsEN, Foulbrood Inspector AGRONOMY: E B. REvNoLns. M. S., Chief R. E. KARPER. M. S., Agronomist; Grain Sor- ghum Research P. MANcELsnoRR, Sc. D., Agronomist; in charge of Corn and Small Grain Investi- ations D. . KiLLoUcH, M S., Agronomist; Cotton Breeding H. E REA, S., Agronomist; Cotton Root Rot Investigations ' PUBLICATIONS: A. D. JAcksoN, Chief STAFFT VETERINARY SCIENCE: *M. FRANCIS, D. V. M., Chief ll. ScumimxD. V. M., Veterinarian F. Ii .CARROLL, D. V. M., Veterinarian PLANT PATHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY: J J TAUnENnAirs. Ph. D.. . 'ef .1 W. N. EZEKIEL, Ph. D., Plant Pathologist and, Laboratory Technician , W. J BAcn. M. S.. Plant Pathologist J PAUL LUsK, S M., Plant Pathologist R _F DANA. M. S., Plant Pathologist FARM AND RANCH ECONOMICS: l. P GABBARD. .. hief W. E. PAULsQN, Ph. D., Marketing Research Specialist C. A. RoNNEN, M S., Farm Management Research Specialist V. L CORY, M. S., Grazing Research Botanist J. F. CmswELL, B. S., Assistant; Farm Record: wit Accoii i’s "J. N TATE, B. S., Assistant; Ranch Record: and Accounts RURAL HOME RESEARCH: . JEssiE WHITACRE, Ph. D.. Chief _ . MAMIE GRIMES, M. S., Textile and Clothing Specialist _ _ EmuA E. SUMNER, M. S., Nutrition Specialist SOIL SURVEY: **W. T. CARTER. B. S., Chie E. H. TEMPLIN. B S., Soi Surveyor T. C. REircn. B. S., Soil Surveyor L. G. RAosnALE, B. S., Soil Surveyor BOTANY: H. NEss. M S . Chief SIMON E. WOLFF, M. S., Botanist SWINE HUSBANDRY: FRED HALE, M. S., Chief DAIRY HUSBANDRY: O C. COPELAND, B. S., Dairy Husbandman POULTRY l-IUSBANDRY: ‘ R. M. SHERWOOD, M. S., Chief ***AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING: MAIN STATION FARM: G. T. McNEss, Superintendent APICULTURE (San Antonio): H. B. PARKS, B. S., Chief A. H. ALEX, B. S., Queen Breeder FEED CONTROL SERVICE: F. D. FULLER, M. S., Chief S. D. PEARcE, Secretary J. H. RoGERs, Feed Inspector W. H. Woon, Feed Inspector K. L. KIRKLAND, B. S., Feed Inspector W. D. NORTHCUTI‘, JR., B. S., Feed Inspector SIDNEY D. REYNoLns, JR, Feed Inspector P. A. MooRE, Feed Inspector SUBSTATIONS No. l, Beeville, Bee County: B. A, HALL, B. S., Superintendent N0. 2, Troup, Smith County: P. R Jormson, B. S.. Act. Superintendent No. 3, Angleton, Brazoria County: R. H STANSEL, M. S., Superintendent No. 4, Beaumont. Jeflerson County: R. H. WYCHE, B. S , Superintendent No. 5, Temple, Bell County: HENRY DUNLAvY, M. S., Superintendent B. F. DANA, M. S., Plant Pathologist H. E. REA, B S., Agronomist; Cotton Root Rot I nrvestioations SIMON E. WoLFF, M. S., Botanist; Cotton Root Rot Investigations No. 6, Denton, Demon County: P. B. DUNKLE, B. S., Superintendent N0. 7, S ur, Dickens County: R. E. IglCKSON, B. S., Superintendent No. 8, Lubbock, Lubbock County: D. L. JONES, Superintendent ‘ FRANK GAINEs, Irrigationist and Forest Nurseryman No. 9, Balmorhea, Reeves County: J. J. BAYLEs, B. S., Superintendent No. 10, Feeding and Breeding Station, near College Station, Brazos County: R. M. SHERWOOD, M. S., Animal Husband- man in Charge of Farm_ L. J. McCALL. Farm Superintendent No. l], Nacogdoches, Nacogdoches County: H. F. Mourns. M. S., Superintendent **No. 12, Chillicothe, Hardeman County: J. R. QUINBY, B. S., Superintendent **J. C. STEPHENS, M. A., Junior Agronomist No. l4, Sonora, Sutton-Edwards Counties: W. H. DAMERON, B. S.. Superintendent E. A. TUNNicLiEF, D. V. M., M. S., Veterinarian _ V. L. CoRv, M. S.. Grazing Research Botanis **O. G BABcocK. B. S., Collaborating Entomologist O. L. (IARPENTER, Shepherd No. 15, Weslaco, Hidalgo County: W. PLFRiENo. B. S., Superintendent SHERM AN W. CLARK, B. S., Entomologist W. J. BAcn. M. S., Plant Pathologist No. 16, Iowa Park, Wichita County: E. J. WILSON, B. S., Superintendent _ J. PAUL LUsk. S. M., Plant Pathologist Teachers in the School of Agriculture Carrying Cooperative Projects on the Station: W. Vii’. BILSING, Ph. D., Professor of Entomology s. Uwm TAs of September l, I923 "In COODCIHIIOI) with U. S. ADRIANCE. M. S., Associate Professor of Horticulture LEE, Ph. D., Professor of lvtarketing and Finance COATES, A. E., Professor of Agricultural Engineering . P. ate Professor of Agricultural Engineering . H. WILLlAMs, Ph. D., Professor of Animal Husbandry . K. MAcKEY, M. S., Associate Professor of Animal Husbandry S. IVIOGFORD, M S., Associate Professor of Agronomy "Dean, School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Aurnculture. ***In cooperation with the School of Agriculture. SYNOPSIS A large number of varieties and strains of cotton were grown and tested at Substation No. 11, Nacogdoches, Texas, from 1912 to 1927. Some of the results obtained during 1912 to 1918 have been published in Bulletins 237 and 254. The results secured from 1918 to 1927, inclusive, together with those of previous years, are brought together and published in this Bulletin. The distribution of the rainfall during June, July, and August was found to be one of the determining factors in the yield of cotton. There was no significant dilference in the number of pounds of lint per acre produced by Half and Half, Lightning Express, and Acala, the great- est difference in yield being only 5 pounds. Acala is probably the most suitable variety for the region, considering its yield, length of lint, earliness, and ease of picking. Half and Half, although producing a good yield, is undesirable on account of its short staple, averaging only 25/32 inches, which length is not tenderable on future contracts. Lightning Express on the other hand is hard to pick and for this reason is not as desirable as Acala. Acala had a staple of V; to 11/8 inches, averaging slightly over 1 inch, and was almost as early in maturing as Half and Half and Lightning Ex- press. It hadla ginning percentage of 35.2 and required 84 bolls to the pound or only 77 per cent as many bolls as Lightning Express. Its picking qualities are more desirable than Lightning Express, and its value based on central market prices was $32.32 or about $3.00 per acre better than any other variety except Lightning Express. The gin turn-out of Half and Half averaged 40.7 per cent as against a range of 29.5 to 36.7 per cent for the other leading varieties. The bolls of Half and Half are relatively small, 87 to the pound, as compared with 69 for Lone Star, 75 for Truitt, 76 for Rowden, 84 for Acala, and 109 for Lightning Express. The staple of Half and Half ranged from 22/32 to 30/32 inches, averaging 25/32 inches for the 5-year-period, 1923 to 1927, which, regardless of its fairly good showing in yield and gin turn-out, renders the variety ineligible where it is desired to produce cotton accept- able on future contracts. Based on yield, length of staple, and prices on the central markets, Half and Half had a money value of $29.10 per acre for the 5-year average, as against $37.23 for Lightning Express and $32.32 for Acala, and was only slightly less than Lone Star, Truitt, and Rowden. Lightning Express had the longest staple, averaging 1-3/16 inches, and was the earliest-maturing variety tested. It had the highest money value per acre, based on central market prices, but had the lowest gin turn-out, 29.05 per cent, and had the smallest bolls, 109 to the pound, resulting in increased picking costs. If dilferences in picking quality are not consid- ered and basing the selling value on the prevailing prices at central markets from 1923 to 1927, Lightning Express was the most profitable variety tested. The varieties were compared according to value per acre, based on yield, length of staple, and prices at the central market. On this basis Lightning Express, Acala, Lone Star, Truitt, Rowden, and Half and Half, in the order named, were the most valuable varieties. CONTENTS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5 Method of Conducting the Cotton Variety Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5 Rainfall at Nacogdoches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Experimental Results by Years: Results in 1912 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9 Results in 1913 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10 Results in 1914 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10 Results in 1915 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1O Results in 1916 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11 Results in 1917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12 Results in 1918... ..» . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12 Results in 1919 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13 Results in 1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13' Results in 1921 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .» . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Results in 1922 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14 Results in 1923 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15 Results in 1924 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15 Results in 1925 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16 Results in 1926 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16 Results_in 1927 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 17 Summary of Yield of Lint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 19 Size of Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 19 Percentage of Lint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 21 Length of Lint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 21 Earliness of Maturity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - .. 23 The Yield of Seed Cotton for the First Three Pickings . . . . . . . . .. 23 Percentage of Total Crop Produced by the First Three Pickings. 23 Comparison of Yield and Other Important Varietal Characteristics. 25 Comparative Value Per Acre of Varieties Based on Yield and Length of Lint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 25 List of Varieties Tested, 1912-1927, Inclusive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28 Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 BULLETIN N0. 384 ' SEPTEMBER, 192s VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS H. F. MORRIS AND G. T. McNESS Substation No. 11 of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station is located two and three-fourths miles north of Nacogdoches, Nacog- doches County, on the Nacogdoches-Timpson highway; latitude 32 degrees north and longitude 94 degrees west; elevation 292 feet above sea level. The variety tests of cotton have been conducted on the Orangeburg and Ruston fine sandy loams, which are very important soil types of the region. The Orangeburg soils in general are more productive than the Ruston soils. Both series of soils, however, respond readily and profitably to the proper application of commercial fertilizers. The topography of the region is rolling to hilly and erosion, or washing, is active in washing and leaching away the plant-food materials of the soil. For this reason it is necessary to terrace to prevent excessive washing of the soils. The results of the variety tests on these soils should be applicable to the same soils and associated soils, such as the Susquehanna, Norfolk, and N acogdoches series, throughout Eastern Texas. Variety tests of cotton have been conducted at Substation No. 11, Nacogdoches, since 1912. Some of the results obtained during the first years of the experiment have been published in Bulletins 237 and 254:, both of which are now exhausted for distribution. Since the publica- tion of these bulletins many new and valuable facts concerning vari- eties have been obtained. This Bulletin, therefore, aims to bring to- gether the results of the experiments with varieties of cotton at Nacog- doches from 1912 to 1927 and to present them to the cotton growers of Eastern Texas. METHOD OF CONDUCTING THE COTTON VARIETY TESTS A large number of varieties were planted each year from 1912 until 1920. During this time many of the varieties were dropped as the results warranted. Since 1920 from twelve to sixteen varieties each year have been planted. Some varieties have been discarded and others placed in the test during the period from 1920 to 1927, inclusive. The cotton varieties were grown in rows three feet apart and the plants spaced a_uniform distance apart in the rows by measurement and count. The plants were spaced eighteen inches apart in the row during the first thirteen years of the test, ten inches in 1925 and in 1926, and twelve inches in 1927. The cotton was planted each year on land that was in rotation with other field crops. Fertilizer consisting of 200 pounds of 16 per cent 6 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION superphosphate (acid phosphate) and 100 pounds of cotton-seed meal was. applied in the row a week before planting time. The land was given proper cultivation during the growing season. Picking of the cotton was started as soon as a suflicient number of bolls had opened to warrant harvesting them. The crop was usually harvested in four to six pickings, which were made at weekly intervals. The yields of lint and seed were obtained by ginning the seed cotton on a 20-saw, ten-inch, Eagle cotton gin. Samples of lint cotton were obtained at ginning time. These samples were classed by ofiicial and licensed classers of the Department of Textile Engineering, A. and M. College of Texas. Figure 1.——Central East_Texas Region. The results shown in this Bulletin are applicable to this region and to contiguous territory. Some varieties found best here are also best in several other sections of the State. RAINFALL In Table 1 are shown the monthly, mean monthly, annual, and mean annual rainfall at Substation No. 11, Nacogdoches for a sixteen-year VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS ‘wfiwflui Nmmfi 3 mum“ .2“; 95w 5w cofioo “o mofioifi/ mo $2553 v5“ .2: Mo Qmmfizxtom dgmcfi d3?» we cowiwnfionvifl 953g bsm H3 3}» Q8 n4.» A g 93 N5... 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S... 2w. ...w. w.w. w.w. .262 ...>.2....... www. 8 wzw. wwwfiw wfioowwaowz ... dz ......w.m..=w w. .....=.ww.l.. 0...? VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 9 period, 1912-1927, inclusive. The average yearly rainfall for this period ' was 48.97 inches. However, some of the years have a decidedly higher rainfall than the average and other years a lower one. When each month of each year is considered separately we find that the rainfall is rather irregular and excessive amounts occur in some months of one year that are dry months in other years. But when the average for the sixteen-year period is considered, the rainfall is uniform throughout the year. y - During the sixteen-year period from 1912-1927, inclusive, the yield of cotton was alfected adversely by excessive rainfall during June of 1919, and lack of rainfall during July and August of 1924. Sufficient moisture was also lacking during June and August of 1925. Although the year of 1917 shows the smallest amount of rainfall, plentiful rains during July produced good yields of cotton. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS BY YEARS Tables 2 to 17 present the results of the high-yielding varieties each year for the sixteen-year period, 1912 to 1927, inclusive. The per- centage of lint, length and grade of staple, size of bolls, yields, and earliness of maturity are discussed. In Table 27 are presented the varieties grown at this Station from 1912 to 1927, inclusive, with information on source of seed and yield of lint in pounds per acre. The term variety is used in this Bulletin in the agronomic rather than in the botanical sense, and does not imply that each cotton reported on is a separate and distinct variety. Results in 1912 There were 25 varieties tested in 1912. The ten highest-yielding varieties are shown in Table 2. The varieties are arranged in order of yield of lint. The yields were low, ranging from a half to one-third of a bale to the acre. These light yields were the result of the unfavorable growing season. Heavy rains followed by a period of drouth reduced the yields of all varieties. Table 2. Ten highest-yielding varieties in 1912. Acre Yield in Pounds * Per Cent ———————————-—— T. S. Variety Lint Seed No. Cotton Lint 24 Virgatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.60 .619 220 16 Crowder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.03 577 219 1 Cleveland Big Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . , . _ , . . . . . 40.55 495 201 15 Rowden........................... 29.94 619 185 5 Allens Long Staple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.12 495 179 79 Jackson...................... . 33.47 495 166 119 Keenan...................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 33.33 495 165 121 Allens Long Staple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.56 454 161 128 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.50 495 161 154 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.69 454 157 *Texas Station number. 10 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Results in 1913 Forty-six varieties were planted in the test this year. Table 3 shows the ten highest-yielding varieties. The yield of these varieties averaged about two-thirds of a bale to the acre. Owing to heavy rains at planting time the original stand of plants was destroyed, and the varieties were replanted on May 14. Table 3. Ten highestqvielding varieties in 1913. Acre Yield in Pounds Per Cent T. S. Variety Lint Seed No. Cotton Lint 480 Culpeppers Improved Big Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 .87 1031 390 128 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.85 962 373 443 Half and Half . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.53 848 362 472 Peterkin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.90 862 354 16 Crowder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.28 880 336 475 Texas Wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.34 1003 334 474 T ruitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 .09 852 332 412 Foster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.84 935 325 481 Cooks Improved Big Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.02 848 313 479 Willets Sp. ‘Toole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.13 866 312 Results in 1914 The variety test this year Was planted in duplicate on May 13. Plant- ing was delayed 0n account of the continued rains during the latter part of April and the first part of May. Sixty varieties were planted in duplicate, using Mebane Triumph T. S. No. 6 as the check, which was planted in every tenth row. The average acre-yield of seed cotton of the sixty varieties was 643 pounds, while that of the Mebane Triumph checks were 554 pounds. In table 4 are shown the acre-yields of lint of the ten highest-yielding varieties. Table 4. Ten highest-yielding varieties in 1914. Acre Yield in Pounds Per Cent T. S. Variety Lint Seed No. .. Cotton Lint 1153 Cook Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.99 838 352 479 Toole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 .27 880 345 482 Bohlers Triple Joint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.88 866 337 129 Edgeworth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.06 838 319 499 Hawkins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.80 899 312 107 Hartsville . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.21 935 310 494 Cannons World Skinner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.37 852 310 485 Cleveland Big Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.96 824 304 951 Cleveland Big Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.89 795 301 481 Cooks Big Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.11 771 286 Results in 1915 Twenty-three varieties were planted in duplicate, using Mebane Triumph T. S. No. 804 as the check, on every tenth row. The climatic conditions from the time of planting up to the last of July were favorable VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 11 for plant growth, but heavy rains in August caused the cotton to shed, which caused a considerable reduction in the yield. The ginning per cent of all the varieties planted was above the average. Lone Star T. S. No. 942 was the highest With 43.5 per cent while Webber T. S. No. 1262, a long-staple cotton, was the lowest with a ginning per cent of 31.4. The ten high-yielders of lint cotton are shown in Table 5, ar- ranged in order of lint yield. Table 5. Ten highest-yielding varieties in 1915. Acre Yield in Pounds Per Cent ———————-——- T. S. Variety Lint Seed No. Cotton Lint 1378 Ferfipson Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.94 540 265 1153 Coo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.87 677 263 942 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.54 598 260 1539 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.48 661 260 469 Hawkins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.08 662 239 494 Cannons World Skinner . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.12 670 235 1379 Fer uson Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.64 535 228 1377 C00 No. 729 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.84 565 225 804 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34. 16 659 225 783 King . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.86 612 213 Results in 1916 Forty varieties were planted in duplicate this year. Due to the un- favorable climatic conditions in April and the first three Weeks of May, the varieties of cotton were not planted until May 26, which was late in the year to obtain normal results from the test. Yield was further re- duced by boll weevil. Two of the varieties planted, Yuma and Sea Island, both long-staple varieties, failed to mature bolls. Yields of varieties ranged from 59 pounds of lint to the acre for Hartsville, to 231 pounds for Simpkins’ Prolific. The percentage of lint or ginning per cent ranged from 25.4 to 43.7 and the length of lint from g to 1-5/ 16 inches. Table 6 shows the ten highest-yielders in the test together with the length of staple and number of bolls to the pound. Table 6. Ten highest-yielding varieties in 1916. No. of Acre Yield T. S. Lint Bolls in Pounds No. Variety to the -——-——?—— Per- Length Pound Seed centage in Inches Cotton Lint 1834 Simpkins Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 7 /8 106 529 231 1835 Webber No. 82 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 35.7 1 3/16 88 488 174 1830 Wannamaker Big Boll . . . . . . . . . . . 39.3 13/16 84 402 158 1848 Matchless Big Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 7/8 8 457 157 1823 Early King . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.0 7/8 144 453 149 1639 Rowden (Av. Check) . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.5 15/16 77 350 145 1846 Surecrop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.5 7/8 76 391 143 1815 Allens Express . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.5 1 5/16 100 391 143 2414 Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 7/8 80 398 141 1818 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.5 1 6F 433 141 12 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Results in 1917 During the year of 1917, forty-four varieties Were planted in dupli- cate in the cotton variety test, but only the results of the high-yielding varieties are shown in Table 7. The yields as a whole were slightly above the average for the period, due possibly to the five inches of rain- fall during July. Ferguson Roundnose made the highest yield of lint cotton. This variety had a good percentage of lint or gin turn-out, a medium-size boll, and a short staple. Wannamaker-Cleveland was sec- ond in yield with a higher percentage of lint and a longer staple than Ferguson Roundnose. Mebane Triumph, Matchless Big Boll, and Lone Star followed in the order named in yield of lint per acre. It is notice- able that all ten of the highest-yielding varieties in 1917 had lint of less than one inch in length with an exception of Mebane Triumph, which had lint of one inch. Table 7. Ten highest-yielding varieties in 1917. _ Acre Yields _ Lint Number 1n Pounds 'T. S. Variety of Bolls No. Per- Length to the Seed centage 1n Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint i2469 Ferguson Roundnose. . . . . . . . 34.02 7/8 S G M 79 548 183 ‘2474 Wannamaker-Cleveland. . . . . 36.50 15/16 S M 100 503 180 ‘2470 Mebane Triumph. . . . . . . . . . . 36.27 1 G M 74 478 173 2482 Matchless Big Boll . . . . . . . . . 34.79 15/16 S G M 118 498 168 ‘2472 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.66 31/32 S G M 465 165 2478 Surecrop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.57 11/16 G M 88 471 158 2483 Union Bi Boll . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.20 13/16 G M 96 481 154 2486 Clevelan Big Boll . . . . . . . . . 34.69 7/8 G M 114 451 152 2457 Webb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.93 7/8 S G M 86 462 151 2468 Texas Progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.46 11/16 G M 76 453 151 Results in 1918 Forty-four varieties were planted in 1918. Mebane, Mebane Tri- 11mph 184, Mortgage Lifter, Moneymaker, and Mebane Triumph 186 were the five high-yielding varieties of cotton, as shown in Table 8. The yields of lint were somewhat above the average for the sixteen ‘years, 1912-1927, inclusive, but all ten of the highest-yielding varieties had less than one-inch staple. Moneymaker had the highest percentage of lint with a éi-inch staple. Table 8. Ten highest-yielding varieties in 1918. Acre Yield Lint Number in Pounds T. S. Variety of Bolls No. Per- Length to the Seed centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 3002 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.33 15/16 S G M 86 629 195 3037 Mebane Triumph 184 . . . . . . . 35.20 15/16 G M 66 577 192 3021 Mortgage Lifter . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.70 5/8 G M 71 587 188 3077 Moneymaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.00 3/4 G M 96 513 182 3035 Mebane Triumph 186 . . . . . . . 36.32 3/4 S G M 69 537 182 3079 Hites Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.14 5/8 S G M 114 546 175 3056 Improved Champion . . . . . . . . 36.23 15/16 G M 82 510 175 3028 Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.85 3/4 G M 78 525 161 3003 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.32 5/8 G M 69 539 158 3048 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 .48 7/8 G M 72 474 154 VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 13 Results in 1919 As shown in Table 9, Acala N0. 5, Willis, Ferguson Roundnose, Acala Special, and. Truitt were the five highest-yielding varieties, Willis hav- ing the highest percentage of lint of the group. Heavy rainfall during June, July, and August, along With a heavy infestation of boll weevil and leaf worm, reduced the yield of cotton much below the average for the sixteen-year period. In contrast to the years of 191'? and 1918 in which the short-stapled varieties made the highest yields the year of 1919 had nine of the ten highest-yielding varieties of the forty-four varieties planted, of one-inch staple or longer. ' Table 9. Ten highest-yielding varieties in 1919. Acre Yields Lint Number in Pounds T. S. ‘Variety of Bolls No. - Per- Length t0 the Seed centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 3659 AcalaNo.5................ 32.54 1 1/32 GM 82 240 75 3654 Willis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.85 1 1/32 S M 78 222 73 3655 Fer uson Roundnose. . . . . . . . 31.69 1 S M 84 210 66 3657 Aca a Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.12 1 1 /16 S M 84 206 65 3660 Truitt..................... 31.97 1 SM 77 206 63 3674 Union Big Boll. . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.52 3/4 M 110 204 61 3653 Belton . . . . . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . .. 28.44 1 3/16 G M 219 3656 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.52 1 1/8 S M 79 183 54 3651 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.76 1 1/16 S M 73 195 53 3637 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.56 1 1/32 S M 82 155 52 Results in 1920 Only twelve varieties were planted in the variety test in 1920, the results of which are shown in Table 10. Acala (F. D. Watson), with a medium-size boll, an average gin turn-out and a lint of 1-5/32 inches in length made the largest yield. Kasch, Rowden, Bennett’s Lone Star, and Belton followed in the order named. These five varieties had a good length of lint. The yield for the year was considerably above the average, due to favorable climatic conditions that prevailed through- out the growing season. Table 10. Varieties tested in 1920. Acre Yield Lint Number in Pounds T. S. Variety of Bolls N0. Per- Length to the Seed centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 4131 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.11 1 5/32 G M 68 875 279 4117 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.27 29/32 G M 53 672 259 4116 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.42 1 1/8 G M 54 794 255 4115 Bennett's Lone Star . . . . . . . . 36.66 1 3/32 G M 45 743 248 793 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.27 1 3/32 G M 57 785 242 4114 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.88 1 5/32 G M 76 759 239 4120 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.61 7/8 G M 56 645 232 4119 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.23 1 3/32 G M 55 675 231 3150 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.72 1 3/32 G M 59 629 215 804 Mebane* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.41 7/8 G M 66 622 200 5852 Dixie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.03 7/8 G M 74 511 158 4118 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.37 1 1/8 S M 72 594 155 *Average of Soil Checks. I14 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXNS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Results in 1921 In Table 11 are shown the results of the eleven varieties planted during 1921. The yield of lint for the year was considerably lower than the average for the sixteen-year period due possibly to a heavy infestation of boll weevil and excessive rainfall during June and July, which caused a large vegetative growth and also a small per cent of fruit to set. The five highest-yielding varieties of lint cotton were: Truitt, Lone Star, Rowden, Belton, and Acala. Kasch had the high- est percentage of lint, Bennett’s Lone Star the longest staple, and Lone Star the largest bolls. Table 11. Varieties tested in 1921. Acre Yields Lint Number in Pounds T. S. Variety —i———i of Bolls No. Per- Length to the Seed 1 centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 5990 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.64 15 /16 S M 82 320 99 5995 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.24 1 3/32 S M 62 271 90 5993 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34. 51 1 1/32 G M 63 293 90 5984 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.11 15/16 G M 73 262 86 .5988 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.12 1 1/32 G M 91 276 85 5989 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.18 1 1/16 G M 78 211 66 .5952 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.89 7/8 S M 76 190 63 5994 Bennett’s Lone Star. . . . . . . . 34.48 1 1/8 G M 68 161 54 -5987 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.12 1 3/32 S M 90 171 47 5991 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.16 1 3/32 S M 9O 159 39 804 Mebane* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.07 29/32 S M 94 138 37 *Average of Soil Checks. Results in 1922 The yield of lint cotton during 1922, as shown in Table 12, was slightly above the average of the sixteen-year period, 1912 to 1927, inclusive. Heavy rains throughout the winter months and a normal rainfall during the growing season afforded favorable climatic condi- 1tions for the production of cotton. Under these conditions, and with Table 12. Varieties tested in 1922. Acre Yield _ Lint Number in Pounds T. S. Variety of Bolls N0. Per- Length to the Seed _ centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint ‘6571 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.08 1 1/32 S M 67 550 192 804 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.17 1 1/32 G M 95 528 188 6570 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.53 1 1/16 G M 64 464 178 6563 Mebane* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.86 1 1/32 G M 58 467 176 6572 Bennett’s Lone Star . . . . . . . . 37.94 1 1/16 G M 58 461 174 "6566 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.85 15/16 G M 58 485 170 6567 Lightning Express . . . . . . . . . . 30.16 1 3/8 G M 95 530 160 6565 Lone Star. . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.91 1 1/16 G M 62 428 157 6574 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.05 1 1/16 G M 62 474 155 6573 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.33 1 S M 71 405 147 6564 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.36 1 5/32 S M 96 435 136 5984 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.46 1 1/16 S M 61 398 135 6575 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.84 1 9/32 S M 92 331 9 *Average of Soil Checks. VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS i 15 a light infestation of the boll Weevil, the later-maturing varieties were afforded an opportunity to set and mature a good crop of bolls. Acala which is one of the earliest-maturing varieties, made the highest yield of lint, followed by Mebane 804, Lone Star, Mebane (A. D. Mebane, Sales Agency), and Bennett’s Lone Star. Lightning Express pro- duced the longest staple; Lone Star the highest percentage of lint; while Mebane, Bennett’s Lone Star, and Truitt produced the largest bolls. Results in 1923 Table 13 shows that Rowden, Lone Star, Lightning Express, Truitt, and Acala were the five highest-yielding varieties of the twelve varieties included in the test in 1923. Snowflake produced the longest lint, Half and Half the highest percentage of lint, and Bennett’s Lone Star the largest bolls. ‘ Table 13. Varieties tested in 1923. Acre Yields Lint Number in Pounds T. S. Variety —— of Bolls No. Per- Length to the Seed _ centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 6797 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.28 1 1/16 S L M 72 457 159 6783 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.77 1 1/8 G M 65 394 147 6996 Lightning Express . . . . . . . . . . 29 .72 1 3/32 G M 85 463 134 6803 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.04 1 M 66 382 134 6781 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.65 1 1 /8 M 71 385 131 6784 Bennetfs Lone Star. . . . . . . . 38.62 1 3/32 S M 57 258 9 6799 Half and Half. . .. . . . . . . . . .. 41.17 27/32 GM YT 93 243 98 6786 New Boykin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.98 1 L M 79 296 92 6787 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.80 1 9/32 S M 92 330 91 6780 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.54 15/16 M 66 248 89 6807 Clietts Superior . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.54 1 S L M 60 233 88 6810 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36. 62 1 M 59 226 81 6802 Hallmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.45 1 7/32 G M 97 298 70 Results in 1924 The yields during 1924, as shown in Table 14, were decidedly below the average of the sixteen-year period, 1912 to 1927, inclusive. The plants were stunted by excessive rains and cold weather during May and the early part of June. The climatic conditions then changed to the other extreme during the latter part of June, July, and August. No rainfall occurred from the 21st of June to July 5, when .05 of an inch fell, followed by .08 of an inch on July 26, and then .04 of an inch on August 22. High temperatures prevailed throughout this en- tire period. The length of lint was reduced in all varieties; however, each variety had a good grade of lint due to favorable climatic con- ditions during the harvesting period. Acala, Half and Half, New Boykin, Snowflake, and Lone Star were the highest~yielding varieties. Kasch had the highest percentage of lint, Snowflake the longest staple, and Lone Star the largest bolls. One noticeable feature caused by the drouth was the small bolls of all varieties. 16 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAJS AGRIGULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Table 14. Varieties tested in 1924. Acre Yield _ Lint Number in Pounds T. S. Variety of Bolls —- No. Per- Length t0 the Seed centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 7381 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.87 7/8 G M 120 173 69 7468 Half and llalf. . . . . . .. ..... 33.61 15/16 S M 106 200 65 7388 New Boykin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.04 15/16 S M 103 105 40 7389 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.05 1 3/16 M 132 135 34 7386 Lone Star. . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 1 S M 8 96 34 7459 Clietts Superior . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.81 1 S M 92 76 28 7390 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.64 1 1/8 S M 141 75 23 7409 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.29 15/16 S M 92 65 22 7385 42.42 15/16 SM 101 53 21 7408 Mebane* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.13 1 M 102 58 20 7394 Lightning Express. . . . . . . . . . 28.40 1 3/16 M 154 63 17 7391 Rowden. . .~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.66 1 S M 103 38 12 7411 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.31 1 G M 101 21 *Average of Soil Checks. Results in 1925 Of the thirteen varieties planted in 1925, Half and Half, Mebane, Truitt, Lone Star, and New Boykin were the best-yielding varieties. Half and Half was decidedly the outstanding variety this year as far as yield and percentage of lint were concerned, but its value was low- ered by its short lint measuring 11/16 inch. Lightning Express pro- duced the longest lint, as shown in Table 15, and Mebane the largest boll. The yield for the year Was about the average for the sixteen- year period 1912 to 1927, inclusive. Favorable climatic conditions pre- vailed throughout the growing season. Table 15. Varieties tested in 1925. _ Acre Yields Lint Number in Pounds T. S. Variety of Bolls No. Per- Length to the Seed centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 7468 Half and Half . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.53 11/16 S M 77 372 171 7859 Mebane* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.15 1 S M 59 336 146 7853 Truitt..................... 36.47 29/32 GM 73 397 142 7851 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.30 1 1/32 G M 61 383 137 7852 New Boykin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.78 29/32 S M 69 372 137 7854 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.13 27/32 S M 80 408 131 7411 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.03 1 1/32 S G M 69 365 122 7855 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.06 15/16 S G M 76 374 120 7847 Lightning Express . . . . . . . . . . 27. 71 1 1/8 G M 94 443 120 7848 Clietts Superior . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.49 1 G M 61 293 112 7858 Kasch..................... 40.15 7/8 SM 62 263 105 7849 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.54 1 1/32 S M 81 378 104 7856 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.14 1 3/32 G M 102 361 100 *Averagc of Soil Checks. Results in 1926 As shown in Table 16, the yields for 1926 were much larger than the average for the sixteen-year period. Heavy pre-season rains afforded splendid conditions for planting the crop, followed by favorable climatic conditions during the growing season. A light infestation VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 17 of the cotton flea hopper occurred during the earlier part of the grow- ing season but caused little damage. The injury caused by the cotton leaf wonn and boll weevil was small as the infestation of these insects was controlled by the applications of calcium arsenate. The five high- est-yielding varieties during 1926 were Acala, Lightning Express, Half and Half, Durango, and Truitt. These varieties were the earliest- maturing over a period of five years, 1923-1927, inclusive, as shown in Table 25. Snowflake and Lightning Express produced the longest lint; Half and Half the highest percentage of lint; and Mebane the largest bolls. Table 16. Varieties tested in 1926. Acre Yield _ Lint Number in Pounds T. S. Variety of Bolls No. Per- Length to the Seed centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 8609 Acala._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.92 1 1/32 S M 81 798 305 8605 Lightning Express . . . . . . . . . . 30.05 1 1 /4 G M 114 994 301 8604 Half and Hal 44.42 3/4 GM 85 641 274 9138 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.22 1 G M 92 758 271 8610 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30. 54 1 G M 72 762 266 8613 Rowden. . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.07 1 3/32 G M 63 710 237 8599 New Boykin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.65 1 S M 73 618 223 8590 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.48 1 3/32 S M 68 626 219 8584 Clietts Superior . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.86 1 1/32 S M 63 523 206 9137 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.24 1 1/8 G M 61 596 203 8588 Mebane* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.27 1 1/16 G M 54 403 167 8595 Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.60 1 1/4 G M 85 524 141 8585 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.64 1 1/32 S M 64 352 120 *Average of Soil Checks. Results in 1927 Sixteen varieties were planted in duplicate during 1927. Owing to heavy rains in June, followed by a drouth in July and August, the yield of all varieties was reduced. There was a heavy infestation of boll weevil, as well as leaf worm, but these insects were kept under Table 17. Varieties tested in 1927. Acre Yields Lint Number in Pounds T. S. Variety —— ———————i—— of Bolls — N0. Per- Length to the Seed centage in Ins. Grade Pound Cotton Lint 9586 Bennett's Lone Star . . . . . . . . 37.08 1 3/32 M 60 605 217 9609 Lightning Express . . . . . . . . . . 32.09 1 9/32 M 100 678 211 5984 Belton 91 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.45 1 1/16 S M 5 614 211 9594 Half and Half... . . . . . . . . . . . 43.78 3/4 M 76 458 194 9607 Clietts Superior . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.63 1 1/16 S M 60 506 191 9608 New Boykin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.48 1 M 68 529 188 9600 Delfos 6102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.39 1 1/4 S L M 99 597 182 9615 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.18 1 M 72 540 181 9605 Lankart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.44 1 1/8 S M 60 475 178 9612 Sunshine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.01 1 M 64 502 160 9617 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.29 1 1/16 S M 68 449 145 9618 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.90 1 1/16 M 67 394 143 9616 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.82 1 1 /8 S M 69 451 140 9611 Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.19 1 1/16 M 62 376 139 9614 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.73 1 1/16 M 63 368 136 9604 Harper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.77 1 1 /16 M 62 353 133 18 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAJS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION dwmuoiw .Eu%|w* . . . . A . . . zwafi :2 wom m3 wm ww ..............mwxoH .3232 cam potwasw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wfliwh wvom hv=m> mooumg cam fivzU h: w 9: . . E I S: 3m C; .3 mm . . . . . . . . 1988B dsofi. .30 wfih Qimuwtwm 2 . . . . . E . . imam; ...1.....ww~ mmm E2 ow mm 11mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . cwflionw wabwh woow Pcow: hora Evrnom 252 mH m 9.4 Sm Sm o8 S 3.4 a: U .w “ink/mini .60 wvvw gfiwmwwm . awvhaxm wfifigwmq I . . . . . . . . .. mam; I... . . . i 2; mom 12 Q. F; m3 . .:m€$P .EE.E@=< aéwom .Q 6E. ......2mo< 3 . . . . . . . . .. T3; .......... $2 wwm m3 mm T? o2 a» m. .... ......wwx@P .255 5o 8% 315k .....;t_=iH m hm: . . . . . . . E . . . . . . , . . E hm 0cm B m3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zwwwwk wowdZ do~2mc< dofifim “Evnagvaxm wmxwP ocwnwz w :5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cm . . . . 8 w? E Em mm . . . . . . IwQSP .22.» fibccwm A d 5w 26A P3256 h mémfi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sm mom mmfi w m»; 2w mfi E mfinfi. infiwk éonfim 3mm wSSP . . . . éozwm w ma»: 5i; 5m? m3 5m 0Q mfi m3 m5 8 mmm om . . . . . 93nd. Jiom 2E5 Jim cwwkofl . . . .5Ps¢m m. wqfi . . . . . . . . . . ma? . . .. S; E: wm 5 mm mm m2 .2 w: 3w EC. .2:>wv_.6_U docBQQE .0 .24 . iéaoqw v 2.2 “mm v.2: $3 ofi m2 _m 5 S; mw mmm S w? . . . . . . 135k 5,652 cam do?! 6m . . . . Q32“! m mzwfl $.34 m. F; m3 3m h»; 2 S; S; 8 1mm .8 . . . . . Emmi. .2:>=@3U .22E_am .4 d . 53w 26A m mhmfl mm: ca: a2 Di 3; om aw 9S 3 mmm R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..w§$H f“: . iced S25?» mfimm ocmnvz .Q .4 . . . écmaug ~ “m3 $2 £2 £2 mmi mmi fimi 82 m2: 22 b2: dZmEocM 62.252: aims-QB woww Ho QQMSOW rwifi/ _mm3-m:£ mmiamfl .5343“; III 2am»? v mbwv? m. 2x0? m v.61» pom “EA wwcsefi i=3.» we wvoiwa wan .69» cum». .5“ P6.“ SQ “c: we 2525 E Bu“? .2 QEmH VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 19 control by the use of calcium arsenate. With the exception of Acala, the yields of the varieties were higher than the average for the period of years, 1923-1927, inclusive. Bennett’s Lone Star made the highest yield of lint, with a staple of 1-3/ 32 inches. This variety was followed by Lightning Express, which had a staple of 1-9/32 inches, and which ~ produced the highest yield of seed cotton, as well as being the earliest variety to mature. Table 17 shows the varieties arranged in order of yields of lint to the acre. SUMMARY OF YIELD OF LINT Table 18 gives the source of seed and the yield of lint of those vari- eties of cotton which were included in the test two years or more during the sixteen-year period, 1912-1927, inclusive. All of the vari- eties were not grown each year of the sixteen years of the test, and as a consequence, all of them cannot be compared for the full time of the test. Rowden, Lone Star, and Mebane in the order named were the high- est-yielding varieties for the nine years, 1919 to 1927, inclusive. For the eight-year period, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1924, 1925, 1926, and 1927, in which comparisons may be made on five varieties, Belton produced the highest yields of lint, and was followed in order by Rowden, Lone Star, Mebane, and Kasch. Seven varieties occurred each of the six years, 1922 to 1927, inclusive. Acala ranked first in yield of lint, and was followed by Lightning Ex- press, Truitt, Lone Star, and Rowden in the order named. For the‘ four years, 1919 to 1922, inclusive, Kasch and Rowden tied for first place with respect to yield. Belton and Bennett’s Lone Star, which had the same yields of lint, Lone Star, Mebane, and Mebane T. S. No. 804 followed next in order of yield. The same ten varieties occurred each of the five years, 1923 to 1927, inclusive, in which Half and Half, Lightning Express, Acala, and Truitt ranked in the order named in yield of lint. The difference in yield between the first three varieties named is not considered sig- nificant. A summary of Table 18 shows that the early-maturing varieties, such as Acala, Half and Half, Lightning Express, Lone Star, Truitt, and New Boykin, are the higher-yielding varieties for this section of the state. SIZE OF BOLL Considerable variation in size of boll existed in any given variety from year to year, and also between varieties in any one year. It is probable that this variation in size of bolls resulted from variation in rainfall and other environmental conditions. For instance, in 1920, 1923, and 1926, which were years of abundant rainfall, comparatively large bolls were produced, while in 1924, which had less than normal 2O BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAJS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION . A . . . . . . .. New .....:.:@.wm New eam ma», ma.“ ..................fw...8E9_w:26 . E . . . . . . 1 Ede .......:.w.me eee Woe 2mm 2e .......:::.QHW....E“Eméezem . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. , . . . . . . . .. Nam ......::w.1@. Nam 1mm Woe we.» 2mm 1......f.@mmmxmypnnnw...e_mo< . . . . . . . . ieem ::....N.eN New eem New 2mm New wNm ....:@E. 52E ENm . . . . . . . , . , . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2mm 9?. ea» m3 , . . . . . . . . . . . E . . . . . . . . . 18w Qamnflz ' - - - - . - . . . . - . . . - - - . . . . - . . . . . . . - . . - u. .--- .-.--‘ ..........‘..@}.... mam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. w? NEN eem 93 PNN . . . . . . E . . . E . . . . . . ..he.~.w.omm..1_..w.uwo==wm 2mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..eem Nam 9mm New . . . . : ewm 1% New WW3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. =8sm NE Qem o? New cem 2mm 2e” New 2mm mew eem m mN . . . . E . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . aweaom 3N *ok.m . . . . ..@EN mrwN eaN wEN NEN fiwN mdm fmm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..m.a._e=ao=w Nam P? m/Em E3 o2... fioe eNe 2% ma? New Nae new . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @232 we». Ebm NE 2?, e25 ma». NEN EEN New New NEN P8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . fleaw 25 we». m Em _ 3 NEN NEN 1% #3 mfim NEM HNN 2% my NN . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . : ocNANE M56235 2/6305 022.35 .NN2-22 HmmTmmmL ,EN2-2..; EN2 wN2 mN2 eN2 NN2 NN2 E2 oN2 22 mks»? w Emu? m. mbwo? m >515’ .3? we voiwm 53.60 .5“ omm$>< 3N6? dZMEoE Kmmfi-mflmfi JEOQHOU wO woflmimz/ Lcvuowmw QSQ m0 mi: m0 QMWHGQOEQ@I.QN min-GP dmmht/a Emomxw * . . . . . . . . .. 2 :..:....¢@ m. 3 NN 3 .:;..:.............J§s9.w:26 . . . . . . . . .. .5 4E mw E Q: 8 .........::..:...:..:emEazem . - . - . . - . .. - . .ww O ....-. ....-¢©F ‘........‘..-..“....-.- . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . imwwhnmvnm . . . . . . . . : ew ......:% E 8 a2 E $ . . . . . . . . . .. E NE E Na 3 2, N» ..::E 36E e» . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . :8 eN 3 ew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. eefzafii v a u - ¢ . . - . . - u < ¢ n . - - | - - ¢ - - - a - ~ o o ¢ ~ ~ ~ . I - . - . . . - ¢ » . . . . . . .1 v ' v . . . ~ - > . - - u m. . . . . . . .112 .. . . . . . . :2 Ma we me E . A . 4 . . . . . , . . . . . . . Qfiw 2.5 rsaaem a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~cvu~mw 5 2 z: . . . . :3 E B Nw . . . . ...4s:@m Q E . E 2 3 E m2 NE Nmv 2 em 5 . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . E . . . . . . . . . . . ..=...ea¢m ww . . . . . . . . .. *2 :5 5 N2 Na NN 8 NE z: .:::........:.flwwmnwuuww_e=ac=m E 2 E .8 em Nw 2 2 E E 2. N» . . . . . 502mm Nw 2 a. S 2 5 mw $ N@ Nw mm E . . . . . . . . , . . A . . . . . 5m 254 S 8 é Nw em 2 N2 3 mm E 3 2. . . . , . . . . . _ . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2532 NN2-22 EN2-NNE: EN2-22 EN2 £2 mN2 eN2 NN2 NN2 E3 ¢N2 22 Emu? e Ema? m wbwo? m Eowzfw E3 8w~$>< UGDOAM 0G6 GM wzom m0 QOQESZ 62mins“ Ema o» 02.; Eofioo 3 moioifi/ “$.55. w. =5 Lo vsml2 Q28. VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 21 rainfall and which had very little effective rainfall in July and August the bolls were unusually small. During the nine years, 1919 to 1927, inclusive, Lone Star and Mebane produced the largest, and Rowden the smallest bolls. For the six years, 1922 to 1927, inclusive, Mebane and Lone Star produced the largest, and Lightning Express the smallest, bolls. Cliett Superior produced the largest bolls for the period of five years, 1923 to 1927, inclusive. J PERCENTAGE OF LINT Data 0n the percentage of lint of the varieties tested from 1919 t0 1927, inclusive, are given in Table 20. It will be noted that the per- centage of lint of a given-variety varied from year to year, and also among varieties in any given year. ' This variation in the percentage of lint may be due t0 environmental causes, such as soil and climatic differences; or to heritable differences of the varieties themselves. The seed used were commercial seed, which were obtained each year from the recognized breeder of the variety. Half and Half had the highest percentage of lint, 40.7 per cent for the five—year period, 1923 to 1927, inclusive, and ranged from 33.6 in 1924 to 44.4 in 1926; Cliett Superior ranged next in percentage of lint, with an average of 39.2 per cent, for the same period, ranging from 38.5 in 1923 to 39.8 in 1924 and 1926. Kasch ranged third in percentage of lint with an average of 38.7 per cent, ranging from 36.0 in 1926 to 42.4 in 1924. New Boykin and Mebane had per- centages of lint which were only slightly lower than those of Cliett Superior and Kasch. LENGTH OF LINT The length of lint of all varieties grown during the nine years, 1919 5o 1927, inclusive, is given in Table 21. Considerable variation in the length of lint is noted among the varieties from year to year. This variation in the length of lint may be due largely to unfavorable climatic zonditions, such as an uneven distribution of rainfall during the growing ;eason. For instance, in 1924, an unusually dry year, the length of lint if most of the varieties tested was shorter than the lint produced by ;hese same varieties during favorable seasons. Cliett Superior showed less variation in the length of lint from year ;o year than the other varieties tested. For the-five year period, 1923 o 1927, inclusive, this variety produced lint having an average length lightly longer than one inch, and ranged from 1 inch in 1923, 1924, 1nd 1925, to 1-1/ 16 inches in 1927. Lone Star produced lint averaging .-1/16 inches in length for the same five-year period, the lint ranging rom 1 inch in 1924 to 1% inches in 1923. Mebane for the same period lad lint averaging 1 inch, ranging from 15/16 inch in 1923 to 1-1/16 nches in 1926 and 1927. Lightning Express produced the longest lint, 1-3/16 inches, while 11.4.31 22 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION njifizl n31! .11. _ ._ . e1; .1‘ . Q1 ._..:~1~:...§1Hs. 1.1.4. d. i .11.. i; w. 1X1 (til; 4 dwwHoH/m .Hwu>|w* . . . . . . . . . . . ..............=mEv:m:mE . . . . . . . . Ziiixzom >52 . . . . . . . . .3393: mflmflwfiwwu . . . . . . . Iwow 05332 . 4 . - - . » ‘ - - » u - ~ u p . . . . . . 53m oHHoA mbHoHHHHvm: . . . xRHw vHHoA . . . . . . I . . . . . 4 . . . . dcwnog H H H H £2H £BH NQE H NQHHN £2: H H w2 H £3 H Q2 H H NQHN H5. w2 H . iHwfiHwfl. H12. . . . . ..% fi .% .....-.. . . . . . . .. - . . . ~ .. ....§m\m é % . . . . . . ..........@%\% 1% é i é . . . . . . .. £2 H mfim H £2 H £2 H $2“ H £2: £2 H £3 H . . . . . . ..£\m H* . . . . . . .. H2 H Q2 H £2" H Q5 H £1: $2.0, $0.2m £2 H £2 H m2. £BH H £2 H £2 H £2 H £2 H QB H Q2 H H w2 H H H H £2 H £2 H H H £2: mwsufi mucus: woman: wunufi moses: mason: wanes muses: $-22 5mm: $-22 wax: wavwm Ewowa E: HE: HQ: HQ: a: g: HQ: SH: 2H: Ho: owm$>< 3353/ 96205 .52 8 HE: .558 Ha 3:3? HHBHQtHw S EH Ho nUwGQQIlJN 2H8. VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 23 Half and Half produced the shortest lint, 25/32 inch, of any of the varieties tested during the five-year period, 1923 to 1927, inclusive. Both of these varieties showed marked variation in the length of lint from year to year, and for this reason they are not considered as valuable as the varieties having more uniform lint. ' EARLINESS OF MATURITY Two methods are used in determining the relative earliness of ma- turity: (a) the yield of seed cotton produced by the first three pickings made at weekly intervals, and also the percentage of the first three pickings to the entire crop; (b) the number of days occurring from emergence of seedling plants to first bloom and to first open boll. The Yield of Seed Cotton for the First Three Pickings As shown in Table 22, an effort is made to determine the earliness of ' maturity by using the yield of seed cotton for the first three pickings made at weekly intervals. In general those varieties which made the highest yield at the first three pickings also made the highest total yield. Lightning Express was the earliest-maturing variety, followed by Acala, Truitt, Half and Half, Lone Star, and Rowden. The later-maturing varieties were Mebane, Kasch, and Cliett Superior. The earlier-matur- ing varieties also made high yields, with a slight variation occurring in the ranking of the varieties compared. Table 22._—l_larly maturity as measured by the yield of seed cotton produced by the first three pickings. Averages for certain periods of years in pounds of seed cotton per acre. 6 Years, 5 Years, 4 Years, 1922-27, Incl. 1923-27, Incl. 1924-27, Incl. , First First First Variety Total Three Total Three Total Three Yield, Pickings, Rank Yield, Pickings, Rank Yield, Pickings, Rank Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. Mebane . . . . . . . . 314 89 7 284 81 10 293 65 11 Lone Star... . . . . 386 201 4 378 200 5 375 196 6 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . 277 134 6 252 120 9 259 119 10 Rowden . . . . . . . . 416 186 5 404 175 6 393 173 7 Belton.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 399 160 8 Acala. . . . . . . . . . . 460 294 2 443 279 2 457 286 2 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . 435 226 3 429 226 3 441 230 4 Lightning ' Express. . . . . 528 357 1 528 345 1 545 332 1 New Boykin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 164 7 406 217 5 Half and Half. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 203 4 418 264 3 Cliett Superion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 133 8 375 141 9 Percentage of Total Crop Produced by First Three Pickings The percentage of the total crop produced by the first three pickings is shown in Table 23. Lightning Express produced the highest per- centage of the total -crop at the first three pickings, while Half and Half, Acala, Clietts Superior, and New Boykin in this respect followed 24' BULLETIN N0. 384, TExAs AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION in the order named for the five years, 1923 to 1927, inclusive. Mebane, Rowden and Lone Star were the later-maturing varieties for this period. Table 23.—Early maturity as measured by the percentage of the total crop produced by the first three pickings. 6 Years, 1922-1927, 5 Years, 1923-1927, 4 Years, 1924-1927, Inclusive n usive n usive Variety Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.4 7 30.9 10 24.0 11 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . .. 52.5 4 53 6 8 53.3 7 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 51.7 5 53.7 7 53.5 6 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.4 6 44.5 9 46.2 10 Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.2 8 Acala . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 64.0 2 63.8 3 63.0 3 Truitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.3 3 56.5 5 56.6 5 Lightning Express. . . . 71.9 1 70.5 1 66.6 1 New B0 kin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 56.4 6 59.5 4 Halfan Half........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 67.3 2 65.8 2 Cliett Superior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.6 4 47.1 9 EARLINESS OF MATURITY AS INDICATED BY NUMBER OF DAYS FROM EMERGENCE TO THE FIRST BLOOM AND FIRST OPEN BOLL Data on earliness as indicated by the time in days from emergence to first bloom and to first open boll are shown in Table 24. There was an average difference of nearly four days between the appearance of the first bloom on the earliest and on the latest-maturing variety for the five-year period, 1923 to 1927, inclusive. The days from emergence to first bloom, however, ranged from three days in 1926 and 1927 to eleven days in 1924. There was an average difference of six days from emerg- ence to first open boll between the earliest- and the latest-maturing variety for the five years, 1923 to 1927. The range in days, however, was one in 1925 to eleven in 1927. Table 24.—Early maturity as measured by the number of days occurring from emergence of seedlings to first bloom and to first open boll. 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 Average Variety 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st Bloom Open Bloom Open Bloom Open Bloom Open Bloom Open Bloom Open Boll Boll Boll Boll Boll Boll Days Days Days Days Days Days Days Days Days Days Days Days Mebane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 94 54 87 61 ' 73 51 97 61 100 5.0 90.2 Lone Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 9O 49 9O - 58 ~76 49 93 61 98 3.2 89.4 Kasch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 92 46 86 62 73 50 92 59 89 53.8 86.4 ‘Snowflake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 94 57 90 61 74 51 96 . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 88.5 Rowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 93 47 86 60 75 50 97 58 99 52 . 8 90.0 *Belton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 86 60 76 50 94 58 103 53.5 89.7 Bennett's Lone Star . . . . . . 49 94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 48 81 47 81 59 72 49 89 57 98 52.0 84 2 Durango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 50 , 84 59 74 50 90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ruitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 90 48 89 58 73 50 92 60 103 53.4 89.4 Lightning Express... . . . . . 45 88 47 79 58 72 50 89 58 103 51.6 86.2 New Boykin . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 95 46 82 61 73 50 94 59 103 53.2 89.4 Half and Half . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 88 45 79 59 72 51 92 58 89 52.6 84.0 Cliett Superior . . . . . . . . . . . 52 92 49 84 62 73 53 94 106 55.4 89.8 *4 years. VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 25 These data on this phase of earliness indicated that Lightning Ex- press, Acala, and Half and Half were the earliest-maturing varieties. These phases of earliness, however, do not indicate as accurately the relative earliness of the varieties studied as does the percentage of the total crop produced by the first three pickings. COMPARISON OF YIELD AND OTHER IMPORTANT VARIETAL CHARACTERISTICS The fourteen varieties of cotton included in the variety test during each of the five years, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, and 1927, are compared with each other regarding yield and other characters in Table 25. Since Snowflake, Belton, Bennett’s Lone Star, and Mebane 804, were not grown all five of the years, it was necessary to make a four-year average, 1919, 1920, 1921, and 1922, in order to include these four varieties in the comparison. For the five-year period, 1923 to 1927, inclusive, as shown in Table 25, Half and Half made the highest yield of lint although it was not significantly higher than Lightning Express and Acala ; it had medium- sized bolls, a percentage of lint of 40.7, lint 25/32 of an inch in length, and was an early-maturing variety. Lightning Express was second in yield; it had small bolls, a percentage of lint of 29.5, lint 1-3/ 16 inches, and was the earliest-maturing variety. Acala was third in yield; it had a percentage of lint of 35.2, lint of 1-inch length, medium-sized bolls, and was an early-maturing variety. Truitt, New Boykin, and Lone Star were also high-yielding varieties with large- to medium-size bolls, a percentage of lint ranging from 34.4 to 37.5, and lint ranging from . 31/32 to 1-1/16 inches in length, and were early-maturing varieties. Kasch, Mebane, and Clietts Superior made low yields, had large bolls, high percentages of lint ranging from 37.3 to 39.2, and with the excep- tion of Mebane, were fairly early-maturing. Rowden made good yields, had medium-sized bolls, lint 1-1/32 inches in length, and was late- maturing compared to the other varieties. COMPARATIVE VALUE PER ACRE OF VARIETIES BASED ON YIELD AND LENGTH OF LINT Cotton on the ordinary local market in Texas is generally bought on the basis of the average type of cotton produced in the community. This means that if the bulk of the cotton is short or of poor grade, or both, the average for the community will be relatively low and prices on the market will therefore be depressed accordingly. This system operates to place a penalty on high-quality cottons, particularly those having long lint. The minimum length of lint for tenderable cotton is g inch; while lint longer than this generally commands a premium when sold on the central markets. The local markets do not afford a ‘dependable index for comparison of varieties as to profitableness based upon their yield, grade, and length of staple. 26 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION é. mw .@@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fi . . . . . . . . . . . . .HO@HQQQ@ x. . . . . . . . . _ , . . . . . . . . . - . . . . § .o% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 . - . . . . . . . - . - m-am . . . . . . .. . - . . . - .. . . . . . . ..muhm . . . . . . - . . . . . . _ .. m - . . - . . . - ' . . ¢ .w.w© . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. N . . . . . . . . .mmU.~QKM.~ MGMGQSMMQ ogmw wdw . . . . . . Iww R . . . . . .. H . . . . . . IaNImm . . . . . . . R . . . . . . 1m ms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Im1wo< . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........R..@@ ........&. ............... ...............¢@%QHMNQU2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % .........HNQ@OCOAMQHHQH=~Om N-id - - . - v . . - v . . . . . . . l? . . . . ' . . . . - . . . . . . x - - . - . . . . v . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . - . - . . . - W? mww Q 3 2i w Q2 fi w. 1m Q3 N o2 N. wfi . . . . . . . . 4 . . . ..... 522E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fi m3 h Q E 2 3F; HQ; N? :5 w Q2 2 Q . . . . . . . . . . . . ........€£m mam 9?. Q $ 32 ~ £2 H wwm :5 m wfi w m2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :32 0E5 owm m?“ 5 3 _ fi we». W5 w m2 m m: . . . . . . . . . . . .......2a€§ 36o 5m ~56 hum .02 dZ 9S dmH Emu 5m Eco 5m xcmm and Jflwfl and wmwmmfi hmémmfi NNAZQH >wrm~2 --@5_ hmami $-32 Ramfi NNAWQL $.32 2m»? w ma»? m. Emu? w Emu? m Emu? w EQQV m Emu? w Ewe? m Emu? w Ema? m > - ~23 mwufiam > QPEP Qwbh id 25 S. .02 5x05 E HEJ Lo 0.54 .6.» mwcsom an uuusuohm n20 zom we 3am e54 Lo sgmswd uwwwavohvm E E5 Mo E2? Lo vmmpmuokom fiwonflbwm .255. iwm 35:00 3 wutsw 3am v53 sown? cofioo Mo wvifibg Mo moflwimzowhwno 55c 5M3 32% Mo QomEaQEoUImN QEFH .‘W9"W" . F Ways. VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 27 The better adapted varieties of cotton which have been tested at Sub- station No. 11 located at Nacogdoches, Texas, since 1~922 are compared fi in Table 26, taking into consideration their yield and length of lint. Table 26.—Comparative value of lint per acre. 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 6 Years 5 Years 4 Years 3 Years Variety 1922-27, 1923-27, 1924-27, 1922-23- 25.48* 3488* 2366* 19.27* 12.22* 1928* Incl incl. incl. 27 ; Mebane . . . . . . . .. 3 44.84 $ 31.04 3 4.73 3 29.59 3 22.913 31.86 3 27.49 3 24.02 3 22.27 3 35.91 Lone Star . . . . . .. 42.35 52.74 8.04 26.39 32.23 27.57 31.55 29.39 23.55 40.88 37.45 28.25 4.96 20.23 14.66 26.22 21.96 18.86 16.51 30.64 Rowden . . . . . . . .. 41.81 57.04 2.83 23.12 34.88 27.95 31.27 29.16 22.19 42.26 Belton . . . . . . . . .. 36.42 . . . . . . .. 1.41 26.55 29.88 44.90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 25.68 . . . . . . .. Bennett's Lone Star . . . . . . .. 46.94 36.26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 48.34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 43.84 Mebane 804..... 47.90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ‘tt... 43.31 46.73 5.20 27.36 32.50 34.89 .66 29.33 24.98 41.64 A0312. . . . . . . . . . .. 51.80 47.98 16.67 28.51 37.27 31.19 35.57 32.32 28.41 43.65 Lightning, Express 45.56 49.08 4.44 27.92 50.32 54.39 8.61 37.23 44.25 49.67 New Boykin . . . . . . . . . . . .. 32.08 9.46 26.39 27.25 36.24 . . . . . . .. 26.28 24.88 . . . . . . .. Halfand Half.... . . . . . . .. 33.20 14.72 31.24 30.74 35.64 . . . . . . .. 29.10 .08 . . . . . . .. Cliett Superior. . . . . . . . . . . 30.69 6.62 21.58 25.17 40.64 . . . . . . . . 24.94 23.50 . . . . . . . . ‘Cents per pound. r These varieties have been compared on the basis of middling grade. In determining the comparative values shown in Table 26, the monthly average price or premiums paid for staple cotton, middling basis on the New Orleans market during December of each year have been used. The price data used in ariving at these values were furnished by Dr. B. Youngblood, senior agricultural economist, Bureau of Agricultural - Economics, Washington, D. C. The premium paid for staple cotton during the six years, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, and 1927, has been fairly constant for lint measuring 15/16 to 1 inch, and has ranged from $2.50 to $5.00 a bale. There has been considerable variation, however, in the premium paid for lint of ” the longer lengths, 1-1/ 16- to 14-inch staple, particularly in the case of the latter. In December of 1923 1-1/ 16-inch staple sold for a premium of $5.00 a bale, based on middling grade on the New Orleans market, while in 1925 the premium paid for such cotton was $12.50 a bale. The premium paid for 14-inch staple, middling basis, on the same market during the six-year period, 1922 to 1927, inclusive, varied from $20.00 per bale in 1923 to $40.00 a bale in 1922. This latter premium is considerably above the average for theperiod, which amounted to $28.00. . A premium for staple cotton can be secured by farmersin several Such organizations as the Farm Bureau and other cooperative oifer a means of marketing cotton whereby the marketing agencies, full value for his product. farmer receives more nearly the Table 26 shows the comparative value per acre of the lint cotton produced by the thirteen better varieties tested at Substation No. 11 during the six-year period, 1922 to 1927, inclusive. Several averages 28 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION were necessary to compare all varieties tested for four or more years. i The yield and length of lint of the varieties are given in Tables 18 and 21, respectively. During the six years, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, and 1927, Light- ning Express produced lint which had the highest value per acre, based on its yield and length of lint. It was followed by Acala, Truitt, and Lone Star, in order named. For the five-year period, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926 and 1927, Lightning Express was again the most profitable variety, followed by Acala, Lone Star, Truitt, Rowden, and Half and Half, in the order named. For the four-year period, 1924, 1925, 1926 and 1927, Lightning Express was the most profitable, followed by Acala, Half and Half, and Belton in the order named. For the three years, 1922, 1923, and 1927, Lightning Express was again the most profitable variety, followed by Bennetts Lone Star, Acala, Rowden, and Truitt. The results in general, however, show that those varieties which have the highest yield, and with lint from 15/16 to 1-1/16 inches in length were the more profitable ones for Central East Texas. VARIETIES OF COTTON TESTED AT SUBSTATION NO. 11, NACOGDOCHES, TEXAS, 1912 TO 1927, INCLUSIVE The more important varieties of cotton have been discussed previously in this Bulletin, but a list of all varieties tested since 1912 is given in Table 27 for information of anyone desiring a complete record of the variety test at this Station. This list gives the yield of lint and source of seed. 29 VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS Ilmb . . . . . $2 ;C:n:< éoiwbw dxfl wfimnmz =¢m Em @=2@>.._u m»; m . . , . . . . . . . . . . 5A 51.310 BQZ Qfisofl 2:6 =5 m5 Efieéu . . . . . $3 é». . . . . . . 936m. amesi .E_@%Eu .3 .>> . . . . . . . IEUAEmEU S. 5w w: ... .... .. . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . immxwm. . cmciwsw wibwrw miwofim wwom coamsmhom . . . . . . . . .E_o:wEU mmm 2m mam wail. J~QEQOU .oU a» E536 fiawwn3ou. . . . . . . . JSQExw 33>? mcoccwU 2: fim . . . , . . . . .3 £22294 dwawmohm m .3 e852 v3.5a Pzoz/wmohm . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .U -@ @NOQGQ@ rwnnfim .2 Q~Qflfiw @.CQA wflhnwm . . . . mmww Omw m»: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .W mooflww Jiwnm Mm A: Q-Qmwm MGOJ wfluimm . m .... . . . . . . .. .. .. ...... . . . QQNQP ®=@.>QG®O imam R/Ufivfivflm BO—MO5m . . . . . o: mm . . . . . . dU dismal» .oU 2am 35>? .4 .Z ..@2.E¢~ 256G wbwBwwohm . . . . . . - . . . . . - . ..U¢m .m um ...-.¢-n-1 .02 .w F Ewifim . . . . . . _ . . . . . . - ..U-m .m ‘m .-..--..n.x .°Z . .w Q. Efietm . . . . E. >3 . . . . . . . . . . . £88m. dwcbvsm wEbwh wovw cowsmhwh . . . . . . . . . . dfizncm .... .... .... .... . . . . . . . . -m .H I‘IIIQI‘IIQ~g“fim mcoq uwT/SOQ i1 h?“ 8m . . . 11x0 éicmsl» roU 8% 653.152 ..... ...e8£o~ - oirfifi mnmznom . . . . >3 . . . . . 9.38? .2=>§:..._u .3303 a 223:4 . . . . Qfifiwfl “cam Cm .... mm w: vm wwm am .... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . Imwxorr diwm 525mm J .5 . . . . . . . 1-53m 23A wbgucnom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .WNKQP »§Q\~@0m .E . . . . . . . . . . . cnvaémwm IN mom m8 m. m2 3 QN F. . $38M. JEEQP 52E; AFN .Cw< ease . . . . . . . . . . 5030M .. .... .. .... .... .... . . . . . . . . . . . ..mwu ¢NHCNTw< »wwfl:fiwflmflo.%% xflmfim do; . . . awxau. dwEhim. dntwh 35m cowsmhvb . . . . . . . . . . . .:>-< . . . . . . . . com m2 . . . . . 5U fimsmi» .oU Raw @353 .4 .Z . . . 293w used . . .. woifiaci 20:4 . . . . . m: E4 .EmsmEEhm~ roU wvuw cuwwoU F84 £53m wcoA wco=< .. . . . . o: .24 Ewnmficiwm oU wvvw cowwoU E25» 393m mcoA 25:4 . . . . EH . . . . . . . . KW .2 .oU waww comiwwnom hium 293w 98A 96:4 . . . . m> om; m3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . g5 2:510 >52 Mwwsofl EEU . . . éwohaxfl 227» limw Em E . . . . . . . . . ..mmxorfi.oow_m@>? cofimk/d-E . . . . . . . . . . lfiwo< .... . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .WN.KQP ~.>@flw% Jmlnvwwfliz/ . . . 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Ifimo< $2 £2 32 "A2 $2 $2 S2 3E 23 M23 >2; >21 $3 32 @515: 3am Mo 02.5w >$im> 96w 5Q cofioo Us: *0 mvcflom dZmEQE Nmmfi 8 N23 Eob wosuowmounZ E @033 cofioo Uo mwfiuim>lu>m wimp. ~30 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION . ow . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 .m 000000004 003m .4 i0 ..I.....00000000...0 . . . . we 000 mw0 0N0 . . . . . . . . . . 0000.0. .000500m 0050.0 000m 00000000 . . . . . . . . . . .0000 0000K 00005000 . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .NU ~fiwmgms< TOO .T@@@ .A .2 . . . . . . . . . .ww®hQunm .... ... .... .... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..NU “Qzt/wk/UA .0 .». . . . . . ..§H.~QBQ%@Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .fl1.w ~MCGQT0O BOZ flfiwdfi-Qm .W0.0.SU . . . . . . xfiéhflm . . . . . . . . . wfiumvwr? “CON; 0.50% Q h®m~¥.@@m .2 .2 . . . . . . . . . .. 00.5 000E000 . . » . . . . . . . . .Nw ~mwfimmwws< You @U@@ .Q .2 . . . . . . . . .O%HMNM0.~Q . . . . . . . . . . iuflfiwTmflu .~%®ON.0Q.L .92 OWCNREQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .MQKUF ~xUoAkQgg .H~Q@#Nw% mflunQP . . . . . . . . .o@cflh:Q . . . . . . . . . »H~Q.Hw0.0@§w0w0?/ .v~OOU Kwfi . . . . . . . ..Q%.GN.0.DQ . . .. $0 000 . . . . . . .00 002.034 .00 08w 00:0,? .0 .2 .000 00m 00.0.65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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JHH~0Q5< .H0OF—N#@ NENQG0< . wuiflTuk/niu . . . . . . . . 00m . :0 .m 030000000 0m £00m 0% 0000000000005 000m 00m 000002000 . . . . M30 . . . . £0 . . . . . . .00 0000004 r00 000m 0302/ .10 .Z 00m m5 000002.00 >000 0N2 0N3 0N2 0000 NNm0 0Nm0 002 @000 0S0 000.00 @000 000.00. 00000 050 N000 000m 00 00.00am >00000> .000000000I10000 .000 00300 .00: 00 00000.0 .0>0m00000 OM 500.0% mQJOOUWOONZ 0N 000000 00O~HOO m0 m®$®WON>||hBN 0036.5 31 VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS :N whfl 92 ....oN~ ma. fix. HAQWR. em. 11%;. fi“. E. B. “w. a2. :5. AME. pk... 8M. .5 .3“. 1:5 33$. Huunmw xxfim“. ....M.a.;.. “is. a. HHMQW. Uwpfi. g2. HHMQWE. Iimhfi a: I133 HJHEH HHMJHLN. .5. m2. 33am. Humofi. mmmw. Mfl. Hfiwm» HHMMAA. E HHHBE. .158 ....~2 MEX... $4. . 1.5mm 1.53 xMm.fi..... 55m 11.152 ...fiw.e.m. lfmwm JJFW .153 Ilidflwfl 2w a...» Huxfiw. S“ 3.... we. wi .3“. xx Sf a“. fiw. aw o3 ma» .... .......M.NKUH -U~@@>W . . - . - . - . . . . . . .°q.?- . . . dmxou. dmfliosm £53m doom flowsmhoh . . . . . .20 .Q éofinfiwwk/ Jwofiwmv aw .Q doE . . . . . . . . . . .WN..KQ.F .QQNB QK/Ngmflnvhu .2 .0 .U.w dzgmimm roU wovw vwuhmfivoh 30x00 . . 636E 603,? $5.8m comm wopmibwviwd . . . . . IQO .3292. roU “sow 35>? J .Z . . . . . .34 .F_nn=< éoimam dwfl wimnwz m Zwwxuh. 523G roU Rkofw was uovw wmxwP Immxurfi $33G roU Wham flaw woom wwxoP . ~ . . - - . . - n2 ~g ..§ - - . . . - .0 aw um .0 . . . . . . . . . . . .m wuocow 35h d; .5 . . . . . . . . 1938B moobwz cam iuwwvm 6w . . imxohk JQMJMQOQ dew um Exam .>P 69D . amxvh. fiwzwfl roU 122m v5“ wowm mwwoH . . . . . . . . . . . . $38M. dhonwfiom Eomxomh. A . . . . . . . . imxomk éfik/wcoq dafibsm .w .6 m . . . . . . T. . Amxovw datum dwwcnxnnsuw .1 . .. .. .. m W . . dwNQH. ozcwwxbwa wwimm .2 .>> . . . . - - . . .H\ ‘g . . . . .13 §2§< 5o 8% 3:5? J .2 . . . . . . . . ~ - . . om z< . . . . . . . . . dd wumwiO BoZ Qfiswfl 2E0 . . . . . $0 .88w=< éu Ham 35>? .4 .2 . v . . . ~ . ~ - - - u uwo ‘U um . , . . - . . . . | ~ ¢ ¢ ~ . . . . . . . . . . dwxon. Eofiwm 525mm Ewbwi . - . . . . ¢ ~ - ¢ ~ a ‘U ow Im no . . . . . .u w .2=>2am éu Raw uvfiwssm . . . . . 1.0 w .2=>.zam a5 a 3A6 A A . . . . . . . . .wNNO.F diwwcfiimz QUQkNI . . . . . . . . .9385 d=m>¢uopU QINVwOE . . . - . - | - ‘ - ¢ o .3. - . . . . . . . . . . 58F inning ikmmwi .830 . H H U H .. .. ..w.w..m.fim_._w..mm.www wmmwhwgwwwwovw . . . . . . . . . . 55H JMJQEQE “mkwmmm .830 . . . . . . . . . .WNNQ.H\ JQJOOUNOONZ QQQMU . ~ . . . . u - I » a - u 53D QQESaA uwwhog . . . éwKvH. JuOMQWHW 0 QSOU JHUMVOZ i985? . . . . . . . . 23m 28A m»; dZ 23m 28A . . . . . . . . 25m 28A . . . . . . . 53w 28A mwokmxm mficfimfi . . . . . . . . . Jbwxcmq . . . . . JuOHHOU . dQEEQP M m5! 3.8M afixm $5M . . . . . . . . . . . . $5M . . . . . . . . . . Anoxevm . domwooU-mmcwuvm . . . . . . . . . éncoovm ............nommv~ ............sowwv~ . :5 2m Evie...“ . . . . . . . . . . $322 . . . . . . . . éwfimai lilinofioi ...........:oEoE .........om:o~m 28m M85 .........u¢.._o~m 3.8M wofim . . . . . . . ixotwcofi . . . . . Adm wimm mbxm wcfiqfimm . . . . . . . . AaEBmE . anwimD mwcfimwi . . . . . . . . . 4.25mi ..........:v>~mE . 6 dZ 621/353» . . d .02 wiifimfl . . B dZ Mzifiam . . . . . . . . . 265mm .I......viwE:wI . . . . . . . . . . . ..~UQhw . . . . . . . . . .QNHMW:G . . . . . . . . . . . . nwamoh 393w wGoA uoamoh 32 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STAiTON w22 002 .....5F£58225dihwhmiwwohmwwommwxoF ..........no2.3om2 .... .... .. .. .. . . . .. .. . . . . .N.Q ‘@-#w:m:< TOU @0D@ .2 . .=Om MHMQQOE .. . . ... . . . .N.U ~flam5m§< TOO wOQQZ CA .2 .. . . . . . . . Icwxgofivm £2 . ... . . . . . 622 .o222>2o_22:2.5U $5.2m .F .5 . . . . . . ...5um2Eum 52 m5. $2 3 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . m». . . . . . . .55F 55am 555.2 25w =om=m5r2 . . . . . 525220.22 3572 . . . . 52 $2 w22 $5 $5 . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 5225224 52222522 ..U .22 . . 5222A 555232 .flwm5w5< TOU wvnw®@ .2 ......2®v@NE>Q.GO2 . . . . m: 5 . . . . :5 5.2.534 éu Raw 522:5 a2 .2 5cm m5 $252 . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . .WNKQPuQWU§QOwO@OONZ .mm@ZU2 ‘P .0 . . . . fnwggcPwTm-Uiu 525252 m2m 5F .252§ooA $02254 55m 2552 .n2 .4 ...222E:CF 522552 . . . . m5 22.2 . .. . . . . . . . .55F .25._5F 5222220252 Q2 #2 :22QE:CF 5225252 11mm .... .... . I . .... ....55F 5555mm $55.2 255m 2202552 42222EsiFocwnw2 . . . . m5 32 m: om2 . . .55F .225E.222m 255.2 2.5m comswhom 1222:5222. 0225252 .. L122 ....m5xoF.:5E.222m.mE5n2 2.5m 28229.2 ........mm2 .072 222E212. 252522 . . . . N22 _ . . .55F 55:25am £55m 255m 2525512 . . . 1.2222 .072 252E222 F 5:552 . . . . 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Iww2 dZ 222253.22. 02252252 . . . . 252 . . . . . . . . . 55x92. 5.5m 25m 555.25% #2 .2. 122225322. 022552 .. .. . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . .wNunQP fflfl>hm .=@€m< flmw>hm UQNQQE . . . . . . .......WNKQH..QH~OHF »h@awfim.m.m . . . . . . . . ..0=NQQ2 1.. .... n22 mm .... .... ..5xwF .5252 roU 25222.2 225 25cm 55F . . . . . . . . ..2552>2 . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . ~32 m3 . . . . 5m . . . . .5F 225.5522 £55m 552.5 2.5m 55F . . . . . . . . . 525252 . . . . m2 5 8N 2m m2 . . . . mm 55 . . . .55F 2552 c4 £25m .922 .254 55F . . . . . 1.25m .072 . .m .F 25522 25.2 $2 $2 om mm 2K2 8 N5. 5 5F 5.55225 .5554 55m 522552 H2 .4 . . . . . . . . . 522552 .... .¢-. -.. .... .... .... .... .... ... .-.~ . . . . . . - . - - - ~.N.o .0 -E mo . . . . mam :5xvF 625G roU 5572 2:5 25am 55F cofiou 293m 25A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .W.NXUP iéox/T? 2@Tw€<fiwwflm HUH-HOU¢O . . . . . . . .H@..w@ UQOA wm ........5xuF 6225.22 22520 65022 .4 .2.........52m 25A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......WNNQH »=O@HN#@ 552200 525m 22225522225322 .254 55 F . . . . . . . ..52m 25A mm . . . . . . . . dmxwF 62252.2 2252.0 .5532 .4 .2. . . . . . . . .52m 25A am s62 mw2 oo2 mom . . . .525F .225E522m 2225.22 25mm 2252.292 . . . . . . . £52m 25A 112m g2 2% >22 E2 8 2mm 5m .... .... .... .... . . . . .. . .55F 6223520 $555.3 .4 .n2 . . . . . . 152m 25A .....5xoF.cwni22m.cow22.252|2%:52:fi2n2 . . . . . . I52m25A . 25 222 m2 2o2 i5xoF .525n2 roU 25.552 2:5 255m 55F . . . . . . . .52m 25A 52 5N2 .52 2&2 52 N52 52 82 @222 22 2.222 @2222 @222 22222 22 N222 255m 2o 550m >525> dvsniconYlohvw 5.2 2525c 2E2 2o 552cm 62.55222 N52 o2 m2m2 E922 555025505 Z 5 2.252 cofiou .5 52225>lnhm 25 F 38 VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 00. 9.00. “x000. 0.00.0. 0x. $0 . 0.0. 0.00. 000. 0.0. 00. .000. .00. E0. .00. 10.0.0. 0.00.0. .00.... 0.5. M500. 3A8 wf) .5; -v-1 .2 .00. IQ; ....0m0 11mm 1:80 “x000. M00000. 0.00 f“? F; 000 Z000 >2 10.00. 1300.00. R 00.00. E0. R0. Z1500 1000. 0w ....>w 1.50m .:.§0. 3:000 100.0. “H3000. .20. 0w £0.00. .1500 .1000 IImw~ 5.00.00. 00m Q3000 110cm E000 11mm “H3000. 0.00. 0.00.0. 0&0. 0.00.0 ~00 00w 0&0 000 02 . . . . . . . . . ....0 .w .05>w0.00m 000000 M0 .C . . . . 0000M. 00000005 .00m0.0.00E 0w 0000005 . . . . . . 0000M. .0000.000m 000.00g 000w 00x00. . . 00> .0E2E020 ésm 0. 00.2.? .3 H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :0 w ik/QQQHNE iww £30m 0% 000000000005? 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Z . 0000M. 6020C :00 00.000100 000 000m 0000M. . . . . . . . 000000. £03m 25>? $0.0m 000030M0 . . . . . . 050.0. .0550 05>? .08E¢>> .0>0 .0 . . . . . . .....00nn0>? 000000000000’? . . . . ..00000000000>? . . . - - - . . . .W:#@wh@> . . . . . . . . 00000000 5000i 0.0000500? . . . .0000 00m .605 .........00000w 0.60 03000003 . . -. .-uu~oéga5m M000 03000003 . . . . . . . . . . c0020 ...........00_:.0. . .0500 00 00.0.0500. .000. dz 0085a . . . . ...000>? 0008M. . . . 030000.00 0000B . . . . . . .0000 00000.0. $00020 000000.060 . . ..-.-.mw.xgm£.m . . . . . . . . . 0.000.000m . . . - _-.-Q.?gfl€w 0080 00305005 . . . . . . . . .0000w000m . . . . . . . . .0.00000000m . . . . . . . .00005B00w .05000n0 000070005 . . . 00000 000000005 . . . . . . . 000000 00w . 000m 00m 0003000 . . . . . . . . 00.53% 000000 000.09% . . . . . . . . . .00030fl . . 10000.0 000330 . . . . . . . . . 0000330 . . . . . . . . . .00P$0m0 . . . . . . . . . .000B0m0 . . . . . . . . . .000r$0m0 34 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fmvkflm RQNiTvOQOE UTWMM< . . . . . . . . . . . lwagw ....w.Nvm©FfgO-wmnwomQQ\.Z5QO@Q%H@MN§O@QE . . . . . wmnfiiou wcmfiook/ . . . . . . . . ..WNKQP.QZTI¢NCUO.mszg.m.g . . . . . . . . . . ............NU¢NQWH.P@5ohafi~ 32E’? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nw ‘Nwm5%:< TOO @Umv% .A .2 . . . . . . .N@QS:@OU Exam 225$ . . .. .. . . V. . . . . Iflw ?N#w5@:< TOO .@U@@ .q .2 . . . . . . . . . .Q@QOP 503m £25,.» ..u¢ .-. .-. .v-. . . . . . . - - ¢ . - ovwlm 1A n“ -~mw? -°z .... .... 3i .... .... .... . . . 1288a. dEk/mfimi roU wwwm wwohwwwwm 133“ dZ Qonnok/ .... .... .... .... . . . . . .0 .@ »Uiz>wwkfim TOO @QU% @Qmvh@@@nw@ ....@%.Q.Z HQQQQB -.. .-¢ -... .-..§%§ -.. . . . . . - - . - ..c=@vH n“ . . . - - - . - $2 $2 $2 5: 82 mwfi 5: 0N2 @5132 >23 £2 22 32 22 Q3 Raw M8 85cm >€Cw> Juvflflfi-GOUIQQON QOQ flOuaOO Q53 MO 255cm 623505 Ow 80mm woaoowwoomz am v0.33 flOwaOO m9 moSvr_m>.|.hN 011w’? VARIETIES OF COTTON FOR CENTRAL EAST TEXAS 35 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . The authors are indebted to Mr. E. B. Reynolds, Chief, Division of y’, Agronomy, and Mr. D. T. Killough, Agronomist, Cotton Breeding, for helpful suggestions concerning the preparation of the manuscript. SUMMARY The three highest-yielding of the ten varieties tested during each year of the five-year period, 1923-27, produced practically the same amounts of lint cotton per acre. _, Acala produced high yields averaging 155 pounds per acre of good- “ quality lint an inch or more in length and ginned out an average of 35.2 per cent of lint. It has medium-sized bolls, matures“ early, and is easy to pick. These characters make Acala one of the best varieties for this part of Eastern Texas. Truitt, New Boykin, Lone Star, and Rowden are good-yielding varieties which have desirable qualities in regard‘ to length of lint, gin turn-out, size of bolls, and storm resistance. They are recommended for general planting in this part of Texas. .. - On account of its short staple, averaging less than g-inch in length, Half and Half was not as profitable as Acala when compared on the basis of yield and staple. Half and Half ginned out an average of 40.7 per cent of lint, has small bolls, and is early in maturity. While Half and Half produced high yields of lint averaging 160 pounds of lint per acre, it is not recommended Where other good yielding vari- ii eties having an inch staple may be grown and the lint sold on its merits. Lightning Express ranked first in money value per acre and aver- !» aged 156 pounds of lint per acre. It is a long-staple variety, the lint averaging 1-3/16 inches in length; it has small bolls” and is hard to A pick,_a characteristic making it unpopular with most farmers. This variety is not recommended for general planting in Eastern Texas, although where suitable gin service for long-staple cotton is available and Where there is no objection’ to the hard picking, the variety may be profitable to grow. While some of the other varieties have desirable characteristics, yet on account of their low yield, they were not as profitable as Lightning Express, Acala, Lone Star, Truitt, New Boykin, or Rowden, and as a consequence are not recommended for general planting in this region. i, Considerable variation in length of lint was observed in certain vari- eties from year to year, and between varieties in any one year. Oliett’s A Superior, Lone Star, and Bennett’s Lone Star showed less variation in length of lint. from year to year than the other varieties. Half and Half had the highest percentage of lint. It was followed i‘ closely by Cliett’s Superior, Kasch, New Boykin, and Mebane. The percentage of lint varied in each variety from year to year and between fa varieties in the same year. Those varieties which had a percentage 11' of lint of 34 and above made the highest yields of lint, with the excep- ' tion of Lightning Express, and Kasch. Cliett’s Superior and Mebane y.gqrwvg,www_vxvum-v»vggnr' ~ .5“; _ _ ~.- -. <- r < v- w , .:.,.,~.~_, .. . 36 BULLETIN NO. 384, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION produced the largest, and Snowflake and Lightning Express the. small~ est, bolls.. Varieties having medium- to large-sized bolls generally made the largest yields of lint. The percentage of the total crop produced at the first three pickings l made at Weekly intervals Was found to be an accurate indicator of earliness. Acala, Half and Half, Truitt, Lone Star, and New Boykin were relatively early in maturing and produced good yields of lint. Lightning Express Was the earliest-maturing variety tested. The money value per acre of the better varieties was computed, based on the yield, length of staple, and the average price of spot cotton for the period of six years, 1922 to 1927, inclusive, on the New Orleans market. No comparison was made ofthe demand of the local market for the different lengths of staple. t?“ a 8L Y, exj}, T315 ‘Q3353 L335