-.-.-,M».~,<,

Figure 2. The carob tree (Ceratonia sil/iqziza) is sensitive to root rot
but may be grown near irrigation ditches.



 



 

m-u yiamml4ll4rllg im"

 

 

“(rpm-pm- lv--v7rvf_r

Preface

This publication summarizes 16 years of tests and observations
0n ornamentals for Southwest Texas at the Winter Garden
station (Substation No. 1g) at Winter Haven in Dimmit
county.

Tabular notes include height, spread, rate of growth, re-
sistance to root-rot and to cold and sun, method of propagation,
and uses of shade trees, evergreen and flowering shrubs, vines,
bulbs, herbaceous flowers and lawn grasses. ’

Species especially recommended are:

Evergreen shade trees: live oak, eucalyptus, huisache, and
palms.

Deciduous shade trees: hackberry or palo blanco, mesquite,
non-fruiting mulberry, Spanish oak, pecan, sycamore, and walnut.

Evergreen shrubs: agarita, Apache plume, arbor-vitae, bamboo,
brazil, calamondin, ceniza, firethorn, Roman myrtle, oleander,
palms, and Chinese teaplant. . .
crepe myrtle, golden shower, trailing lan-
dwarf pomegranate, roses and flowering

Flozuerzng shrubs:
tana, dwarf peach,
willow.

Vines: Bougainvillea, grapes, kudzu, queen’s wreath, and

a climbing roses.

Bulbs: gladiolus, dahlia, angel lily, canna, tluberose, and beard-
ed iris.

Lawns: St. Augustine grass.

Herbaceous flowers grown from seed that are especially rec-
ommended for general planting:

Spring planting: (February-March) petunia, coxcomb, Zinnia,
balsam, chrysanthemum (plants) , cosmos, California poppy, four
o’clock, morning glory; portulaca, periwinkle.

Fall planting: (September-January) carnation, sweet William,
pinks, aster, snapdragon, calendula, sweet pea, hollyhock, lark-
spur, marigold, phlox drummondii, pansy, verbena, Shasta
daisy, nasturtium, blue bonnet, candytuft, chrysanthemum (seed) .

On the front cover is shown a native live oak tree, the most
useful evergreen tree in South or Southwest Texas.. This picture
(Figure 1) is used through the courtesy of the USDA Extension
Service and Sadie Ilatfieltl.

 

CONTENTS

Page 

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5 
Climatic Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5‘ 
Cotton Root Rot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6 
Where to Get Plants ........................................ .. s 
Transplanting . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6 

Evergreen Shade Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7 l1

Deciduous Shade Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16 

Evergreen Shrubs . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28 

Flowering Shrubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 45 

Vines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..' ............. .. 5s 

Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 

Herbaceous Plants Grown from Seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  60‘

Lawns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6t "

Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 _

J16-1047-6M-L180 a‘

i.
~

  

A.

‘ULLETIN N0. s95 OCTOBER 1941

¢

Ornamentals for Southwest Texas

E. MORTENSEN, Horticulturist
Substation No. 19, Winter Haven, Texas

_ Many requests are received at the Winter Garden station for
éinformation 0n ornamentals adapted to the Southwest Texas climate.
These indicate a healthy interest in dressing-up the home. A well
ikept and well-landscaped home is an indication of permanency,
iiwhile bare, shadeless yards and unpainted houses give an impression
i-iof lack of permanency. (Figures 29, 3o, 31).

i Efiiciency of the individual depends not only upon his skill, but
Qalso on his mental attitude. The latter in turn is influenced by en-
vironment, such as living conditions, climate, and surroundings. In
5Southwest Texas, with frequent high summer temperatures and
 tense sunlight, the surroundings should not only be pleasing to
‘look at, but should also furnish plenty of shade for comfort. The
denser the shade the better, but partial shade is better than none.

   
 
 
   
   
  
  
   
 
   
  
  
   
  
   
   
  

Other considerations in landscaping are: screens or hedges to
ide unsightly features such as a laundry yard; background and
_ oundation plantings to frame the house or lawn; windbreaks to
iiirotect from northers, and borders to outline the plantings.

' In order to help the householder in selecting plant materials for
ndscaping, a list of plants for these various classifications is
f iven. Plants marked (N) are native and may be found wild in
‘téSouthwest Texas within a radius of 10o miles of the Winter Gar-
pden station. .

_ A few of the possible choices of trees and shrubs for the South-
iwest Texas area are listed together with a few notes on climatic
i nd soil limitations, uses, height, spread, and propagation. This
ishould not be considered a complete list but merely some of the
f-possibilities. Both common and scie-ntific names are given. The lat-

' cies (I).
 l Climatic Limitations p
The Winter Garden section is located in an area where trees and

‘Qshrubs must be both heat and cold-resistant. Although temperatures
‘seldom go below 20° F., shade trees or other ornamentals are not

 ter consists of the genus name, followed by the name of the spe--

elf/easily replaced if they are frozen after reaching a useful size. Hence, _

6 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

a choice of hardy species is important. Many 0f our commonly?!
grown trees and shrubs of the more humid regions fail here 

cause of hot, dry summers. Also some very desirable tropical plantsj

are unable to stand the occasional freezes. In addition some ornai
mentals are not adapted to so mild a winter climate. ‘

  
      

Soil moisture is also a factor. Rainfall is usually insufficient for i
any except the most drouth-resistant plants, and irrigation will 
needed for best results. - it

Cotton Root Rot

 

P/zymatotric/zum root rot is also a limiting factor in the choice of
ornamentals. It is disappointing to have a usefuland well-located.
tree suddenly wither and die. The whole landscape scheme is upse:
and years of waiting are in prospect before a tree can be grown to
replace itfResistance of ornamental plants to root rot is not comvf. .1
pletely known but such notes as are available will have some valueili.
For additional information on this subject see Texas Station Bul-ia
letin No. 527 (6). a

  
  

Where to Get Plants

   

In most cases, trees and shrubs are best obtained from nursery-g»
men. If a large number are needed of one kind, seeds may be PHI-if;
chased or collected. Some of the plants easily grown from cuttingsfgi *
such as athel (T amzzrix ajb/zylla), plane-tree or sycamore, and mul-Qf,
berry are readily obtainable at very little cost. 

,1.

If plants are dug in the wild, it is best to get small plants, and?
if possible a ball of earth should be taken. 

Transplanting

 
    
    
 
    

The best time for transplanting of most plants is in December,
and January. Evergreen trees or shrubs usually do best if balled
and burlapped, but deciduous trees or shrubs may usually be moved
bare rooted. The roots should never be allowed to dry out in trans?
planting. 

Plants obtained from a nursery are usually pruned properly when’;
shipped, but if wild plants are moved it will be necessary to prune}
the tops back considerably to correspond with loss of the root sysg;
tem.  i
The hole for planting should always be sufficiently large to aclf
commodate the roots without bending. Only pulverized soil should?»
be used around the roots. NVater usually should be applied immedi-
ately after planting to pack the soil properly. This will avoid theif
possible injury to the roots by tamping the soil. ‘l

£2
s-

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

s‘

Evergreen Shade Trees

   
    
 
  
   
   
    
    
  
  
   
   
  
   
   
  
   
 
 

__ Shade is the most important factor in landscaping a home in
i. Southwest Texas, and should be given first consideration. Shade is
, often acceptable even in the winter time. For this reason, as well
"i as for appearance at that season, evergreen trees should often be
" given preference. A list of evergreen shade trees is given in Table
 I. The choice shade tree in the list is undoubtedly the live oak, but
 growth is slow. Unless a location can be found with live oak trees
. already in place, it will be necessary to provide temporary shade
from some other source. Vines on arbors or quick growing trees
l such as athel that can be cut out later are desirable.

g Some of the more commonly used trees are discussed, in addition
"into the brief information presented in Table I:

__ Anacua, (E/zretéa elliptim). Native in South Texas; a good
 evergreen street tree or small tree, with white fragrant flowers in
 spring. It is quite hardy in South Texas and very resistant to cot-
ton root rot. It has the disadvantage of slow growth.

_ Athel, (T amarix ap/zylla). Introduced from Asia; rapid growth,
rleasily propagated from cuttings; resistance to root rot good. This
is a popular windbreak tree but is rather brittle in high winds and
Qis tender below 20° F. Therefore, it is not particularly desirable as
(‘a shade tree. i

' Australian Pine, (Casuarina spp.). Introduced from Australia;
(Jmakes a nice tree like a pine, although not a true pine. For those
lwho like the sound of the wind through the pines this is a Welcome
‘addition to the landscape planting. It probably will not withstand
imuch cold below 20° F., but is about as cold resistant as the orange.
;It makes a dense shade.

I Carob, (Ceratonia siliqua). (Figure 2). Introduced from Asia
fMinor; a very pretty tree with dense shade, well worth growing,
gbut it is susceptible to cotton root rot. It should be grown near a
constant water supply to avoid possible loss from root rot.

 Catclaw, (Acacia wrig/ztii). (Figure 3). This is not the com-
jmon species, but one that grows in the Nueces Canyon. It makes a
ilarger tree, is semi-evergreen and is more attractive. The shade is
fsomewhat open. It requires considerable pruning of the lower
branches, which tend to droop. l-

, Ebony, Texas, (Pit/zecolobium flexiaaule). (Figure 4). Na-
rtive south of Laredo; any soil; from seeds or transplanted from
iiwild. Ebony is a very attractive small tree grown successfully as
far north as Carrizo Springs. '

8 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

m 0. .5 ,.
4010001.: .0 0.3-0.5 .3
05205-5005 30-: 23

05.550 -::5 ~03 500: 51:00 :23 20:5: >00.» .5300 1:0 m5: E F0m “1000 =05: 95> ANV
.0.0:0 00 30m 3:0... 5.5 1:05 00 30:0 1:0 m100m 00.5 5:03 05:0.- 550: A:

50:00: 5051050: :0 :30.-m 57: A00 53:07: A73
100m h 0N: 100m 0005105 55-105 m- 0m . . . . 5-05 :00m:-:m0>> 035:0: .00.» 050:: 0-:00m:-:m0.$
mm:-350 h o0N 100m 1-50.. 0m:01 mN mN . . . . . . . _ . . . . . .-0:0< . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0-.2-50 0:050?

100m h °0N .50.- 0005105 55:55 mN mN . . . . . . . .00.: 5550h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .0-05 555:0:

100m >15: 100m 000.5105 55-105 m: 0v . . . . . . . . .5-05 m0n0h. . . . . . . . . . . . . . IAZV 050000 -0:0m

100m >15: 100m 00000105 0m:01 00 0m . . . . . . . . . . :00 0.3-: . . . . . . . . A73 05055:? 5-0550

100m h o0: 100m 30-m 0m:01 m: 0N . . . . . . 2.25:0 m000h. . . . AZV 0-500-001 55-.-0-000::h

100m h o0: 100m 00000105 55-105 0N 00 . . . . . .. . . .5-05 0.0: . . . . . . . . . . . . .0..0.:-.2001 n-:00:h

100m h om- 100m 05050105 0m:01 00 mN . . . . . . .5-05 50:00 . . . . . . . . . . . ..m-m:0-.-0:00 n-:00:h

C; 100m 51.5: :0.- 30-m 0m:01 0m .5. . . . . . . . . . ..0-0:m0h.: . . . . . . .300 0:01-1:05 5-0-503-

100m h Q0N . TU 100m 1:50.. 55-105 0N 0m . . . . . . . . ..0.3=m050.-. . . . . . . . . . .00:0-5..0>-55 0:00:50:
A00 100m .205: 100m 000.5105 55-105 m- 0m . .. . .5100 505500: . . . . . .  . . 21C 05005005 55-550
3v 100m .2000: 100m 0505105 55:55 m: mN . . .5100 5000 5-5.0 . . . . . . . . AZV 0:550:- m5..05-:5n

100m .2000: 100m 000.5105 55-105 0N mN . . . .:m0 01:05.0 0:: . . . . . . . . . .300 0535-0.» m5:-u0:h
“NV 100m h om: 100m 1550.. 55-105 m- 0m: ....55m .220 0m05h . . . . . . . . 12:50:05: 555.2005:
ANV 100m h om: 100m 1-50.. 55-105 0N 0m . . . . . . . . .55m 0-55<  . . . . . . .0:0-0..055m m505.2005:
ANV 100m h on: 100m 1-50.. 55-105 m: 0m 01.0.50:- 10:  00m0.. 5015.051? 555.2005:
ANV 100m h om: 100m 1-50.. 55:55 m~ 0m . . . .55m 0-22-0-1500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0135.- m505.2005:

AN- 100m h om: . 100m 1-50.- 55-105 0N 00h . . . . . . . . . . . .5:m 10: . . . . . . . . . . . . .050.5m0.. 0.5.5.2005:

ANV 100m h om: 100m 000.5105 555105 0m 0m ....:000: :0-0.:m5< . . . . . . 2550550205 555.2005:

ANV 100m h ow: 100m 1-50.- 0m:01 0v 0m . . . . . . . . 0.55.2005: . . . . . . . . . . 00050025 0.55.2005:

“NV 100m h om: 100m 1-50.. 55:55 00 00h . . . . . . . . 0.55.2005: . . . . . . . . . .m-.:m0.:m:0- 055.2005:

 wvfimwfl RS Omfi $060M mvmfiflh . . .E5mmuQE   . . . . . . . . .55” MUG-mo . . . . . . . . . . . . . .=:=5N Inwunrm-Qnvnnm

ANV m100m h ow: 100m 1-50.. 55:55 0N 00: . . . . . . . . .m505.2005: . . . . . . . . ..0:0-m0m1-..: 055.2005:

m100m , >150: 100m 000.5105 0m:01 0N m: . . . . . . . . . . . . 405-5: . . . . . . . . A00 03:05.3. 0.».50.:0~._:

050:-m 50.. .2000: 100m 30-m 0m:01 0N 0N . . . . . . . . . . . . .0500:< . . . . . . . . . . . A73 00-0550 0:05:

m100m 51.5: 100m 30-m 0m:01 0N m: . . 5055-505 m0u0h. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:000- 005250-0-

m100m h Q0N 100m 0005105 0m:01 m- m: . . . . . . .. . 03-0 1:3 . . . . . . .... . . . AZV -..0-mm-0.- 0-150

m100m h om: 505 00050105 0m:01 00 00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-0500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .05-0--m 05:05.50

mm:-350
:00.-m .m100m h o0N 100m 1-50.- 0n:01 0N 0m .. . . 05-5 50:00:05.4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255m 05205500
m100m .205: 100m 30-m 55-105 m: 0N . . . . . . . .0-m0-0 55.0 . . . . . . . IAZV 0m0:-m5:0- 0:055:
CV m100m >15: 100m 000.5105 55-105 0m mN . . . . . . . . . . . 330-0000 . . . . . . . . . . . . AZV :0:m-._3 0-0004
AC m100m .205: 100m 000.5105 0m:01 0m 0m . . . . . . . . ...0:00m-5h.h . . . . . . .. . . . A73 0:055:50: 0-000...
50...- 1-00 5.- 50: 5-2520 155m 0:30: ..
530:0 .5 000: 050: 505500 050: 0550-0:

00 00530-5:

010::

50.- 0~05-n0..55<

5000 010% 500550.»: A 050B

 

 

 

 

 

E

ORNAMENTALS

Figure 3.

The Nueces Canyon catclaw is a native semi-evergreen shade
tree.

Figure 1

Texas ebony is an attractive

small evergreen tree.
Sadie Hatfield.

Courtesy

FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS S

3

10 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

Figure 5. Eucalyptus makes rapid growth. This shows 2 years’ growth.

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWVEST TEXAS 11

i

 

v W",- w...

   

Figure 6. Eucalyptus make good windbreaks. These trees are 50 feet tall
5 years after planting.

wv-v-v-

Figure7. Picnic grounds at. the Winter Garden station are shaded by
eucalyptus.“ a _  n _ _ a

b

 

. a


   
   
 
   
  
    
  
  
  
   
 
   
     
  
   
  
   
 
  
  
   
  
  

12 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

Gum Trees, (Eucalyptus). (Figures 5, 6, 7). Introduced 
Australia; evergreen; tall trees to roo feet or more; spread v
little unless cut back; rapid growth; drouth-resistant; tender bell
15° F., and young growth often freezes below 20° F., resis-tance  l
root rot good to moderate; easily propagated from seeds. i

These are quick growing, attractive trees useful for windbrea;
They are not ideal shade trees, but are well worthy of considerati:
Only the hardy species should be planted; the best are: E. rostra,
polyzmthemos, tereticomis, gunnii, bridgesiana and microzfi/zeca. r

Huisache, (Acacia famesiana). This is the prettiest of all ‘i
native shade trees and is highly recommended for practically =7’
location. It blooms early in the spring with highly fragrant yell
flower heads. _It is resistant to both heat and cold in this secti,
It requires frequent pruning to keep drooping branches out of t’
way. i

Live Qak, (Quercus virginiana). (Figure I on front cov
Native; along streams or in deep soils, widespreading, sometim
to 8o feet or more; sold by nurseries, but can be transplanted fro. _
the wild. "

Live oaks require a deep soil with fairly abundant moisture.
planted on shallow upland soils they will need abundant irrigati
for best results. The live.oak is typical in a South Texas landsca
With the wide-spreading branches, it seems made-to-order for w,
home shade tree. It sheds its leaves in March each year and groi
new foliage at once. ‘i

  

Loquat, (Eriobotrya japaniaa). Introduced from Eastern Asii
a very pretty, small tree for the lawn. It is also grown for its y_
low plum-like fruit, but, since it blooms in the fall and ripens x
fruit in February, it seldom matures a crop except in very mi'

winters.

Magnolia, (Magnolia grandiflora). Magnolias have not bu‘
tested at Winter Haven, but they grow in several localities of t"
area and are very attractive. They are native in East Texas and‘
make a beautiful tree, but are slow growers.

Palms. In the subtropical areas where they can be grown, ¢_'
plants are better suited to the landscape than palms. They are im
miune to cotton root rot and are seldom attacked by insects. Some-f
times, the large palm-borer (rhinoceros beetle) does serious darn‘
age.

Canary palm (P/zoenixlcawzarienfls) is a hardy, attractive palm f0 . i
roadside planting, lawn specimen, or shade. It is easily grown fromf‘:

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS 13

“frr w" '(I'\"k :~ ~

>
r
>
|

Figure 8. Date palms are grown for their fruit but may also» be used
for shade.

 
 

14 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL PJXPERIMENT‘ STATION

Figure 10. Wild olive (Cordia boissieri) flowers almost continuously.

 

 

 

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

Figure 11. Native Texas persimmon makes a good shrub or small tree.

15

Hi BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

seed and does not make offshoots. The date palm (Phoenix dactyli-
fem) ‘(Figure 8) is grown for its fruit, but may also be used in
the landscape for shade. It is not as ornamental as the Canary palm,
and makes offshoots which must be removed to make it acceptable
in the landscape planting. Other palms are the Texas palm (Saba!
texana) and the Washington palm (Washingtonia filifera var. r0-

busta), both of which are fan-leaf palms and are commonly used.

for roadside or lawn plantings. They both gro\v tall eventually and
provide some shade.

Pines will grow on sandy soils in Southwest Texas (Figure 9).
They require irrigation.

Miscellaneous. Small evergreen trees that can be pruned to pro-
vide shade are: wild olive (Cordia boissieri), (Figure Io), Texas
persimmon, (Diospyros texana), (Figure II), and Mountain cedar,
(luniperus mexicana). All of these are native and well adapted.
The wild olive is tender below 20° F.

Deciduous Shade Trees

Deciduous trees, of course, give no shade for about four months
of the year, but are often valuable because of their quick growth,
or resistance to cold. Those listed in Table 2 are all resistant to any
cold weather likely to occur in Southwest Texas. As will be noted,
most of the trees listed are native to this area 

Pecans are very often planted in this section. Other useful and
attractive trees are sycamore, palo blanco, Arizona walnut and cedar
elm. For quick results and dense shade, the Texas umbrella is out-

. standing, but, the berries are very unsightly in the fall and winter

and. will probably have to be removed each year. The mulberry
listed as Moms kagayamae is a new variety introduced from Al-
geria that does not produce fruit. For that reason it is valuable as a
shade tree. Most nurserymen do not yet list it, but it should be gen-
erally used. Spanish oak is a very attractive native tree.

Bald Cypress, (Taxadiuwz (ZZISZZIC/ZZLTIL). (Figure I2). This is
native along streams and grows slowly when supplied with plenty
of soil moisture. It is a very pretty tree, growing eventually to tre-
mendous size under favorable conditions.

Cottonwood, Mountain, (Populm aczmziuatrz). (Figure 13).
Native to the Rocky Mountains and the most ornamental of the
cottonwoods. All cottonwoods and willows are apparently suscepti-
ble to root rot and should be grown only where they have abundant
moisture. Mountain cottonwood grows rapidly from cuttings under
favorable conditions.

A .;II4|._)§1k‘l~L>_a.z.»l¢-U1». u‘. wmwmeufxmmwxamamxnhuflmmfidanh

l7

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

.0020 00 5.000 00 220.2 52 2502.02 2N2

.0050 00 300 3.202: 0030 05000 00 30220 050 00000 530 5203 w52220: 050.2 222

.3002 .20

0000 .2000: 000w 020002005 5:255 0N 0m . . . . . . . . . .520 00000 . . . . . . . . . .. 2Z2 02202200000 055222
20000 .2000: 020.2 000002005 5:255 cm 002 . . . . . . . 00000.20 02022 . . . . . .. . . 2Z2 552022020 5:200:02.
0000 .2000: 000w 02.200 5:255 0N 0N ....2000:.20.00 00052:0 . . . . . . . . . . . .20000002:5 0:2052.20m
20000 .2000: 000w 020002005 5:255 m2 0N . . . . . . . . . ..205:.200m . . . .. . . 2Z2 22050555020 0:052.20m
mwimuuinv kmvhflfi 200i $02225.- Eimmuflg OW  . . . . . . . . . . . . .3O=@a . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . -  HLMm-n N=QQ
2N2 20000 .2000: 0200 020002005 5:255 mm 02. . . . . . . . .0200 :0250.2m . . . . . . . . . . . 2Z2 050002 0500053
2N2 0000 .2000: 020.2 202.200 552005 22m 202. . . . .0:5|w523 00052:0 . . . . . . . . . 10000005000 0200000022
2500 .2000: 020.2 00052005 50.20 02. 0N . . . 022520005 205022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Z2
0002:0503 .00.» 00002252. 02.200002
0002.56 .2000: 020.2 02.200 005020 0m 02. 0003500000 52005502.: . . . . . . . . . . . . .020525:00 03:00.2
0000 .0w523:0 .2000: 000w 02.200 00500 0N 0w . . . . . . . . . .000500.2m . . . . . . . 2Z2 0220050202000 055000202
0000 .2000: 0202 000002005 005020 02. 0m . . 2002000020 00052:0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0205052:0 02000022
20000 .2000: 020.2 00052005 50.2.0 0m 0m . . . . . . . . . . . 0502022 . . . . .. . . 2Z2 0:002:00 025005202002
02252350 .2000: 000w 3020 5:255 0N 0N . 20.5.2255 52025502.: . . . . . . . . 2Z2 02222000025 0:002
0w523:0 .2000: 000w 02.200 005020 0m 0m . . . . . . . . . . . £205:

2:5 0=202=00é0z . . . . . . . . . . . . ..0050.20w0: 0:002:

0000 .2000: 000.2 202.200 00500 02. 0m . . . . 02200.25: 0000.2. . . . . . . . . . . . .00.» :005200u.0 02202.22

20000 .2000: 000w 202.200 5:2005 02 m2 . . . . . 000525 0000.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Z2 00:50 0:000:02

2N2 20000 .2000: 020.2 000002005 5:255 m2 0N . . . . 055203 :0250.2m . . . . . . . . . . 2Z2 020000.250 0502052.

2N2 20000 .2000: 020.2 0205005 552005 mu 0n . . . . 255203 05002020 . . . . . . . . . . . 2Z2 002.05 05502052.

2N2 0000 .2000: 020.2. 02.200 552005 on cm . . . . . . . . . . . _ .. . .:0< . . . . .2722 0502002050200: 055200002

0000 2000: 000w 020002005 5:2005 mm 0N . ..2000.20200: 00052:0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02050520 020200

0000 .2000: 000w 02.200 5:255 0m 0v . . . . . . . 00502: 0202 . . . . . . . . . . . .2722 0002:0250 020200

2N2 0000 .2000: 0200 0205005 5:255 0m 0w . . . . . . . . . . . . _ 500002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Z2 5000.2 0.2000

2N2 20000 .2000: 000w 3020 5:255 m2 0N . . . . . . . . . . . ..20002022.2 . . . . . . . . . . . I 2Z2 2.2020205: 0.2000

0w5220:0 .2000: 0.00.2 02.200 005020 mu 02.2 . . . . 3205:2550 5.20.2 . . . . . . . . .000.220.2.20.2 0200500050022

222 00000 .2000: 020.2 0005005 50.20 m2 m2 . . . . . . . . . . . 53020000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Z2 2.0020 02000<
5002 . .00 000 2002 :0300w 20000.20 0.202020
5300.0  . Illl .||l|.l|| 0200.20 0505 505500 0505 002050200

.00 00502020022

.20 020G

000.2 02052000004

00000. 0200.20 0505202002

d 02:02.

18 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

 

“Amuulmlu ' ‘

i; “M. =.,a:»,-"a‘w"~ 

 

 
 
 
 

 

1
i
s
t

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

Figure 13. Mouqtain cottonwood (Populus acuminata) makes an at-
tractlve, quick-growing tree.

9

a

i) BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION‘

Figure 14. The western hackberry, or palo blanco, is a native shade
tree easily transplanted from the wild. pThe small palm is
the blue palm.

“m”,

a
z
L

 

.. 7W." - - ‘we’ ‘Fv"2-rvq-uv1V1"'.'""""‘TWM~' ' ""

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

Figure 15. Chinese hackberry; 5 years old, provides good shade.

Figure 16. St. Augustine grass does well under mesquite trees.

21

22 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

Elm, (Uh/nus spp.). In general, elms are not recommended be-
cause of root rot. The Chinese elm, (Ulmus juzrvifolia), is partic-
ularly susceptible. The native elm, (Ulwzfzs crassifolia), has good
resistance.

Hackberry or Palo blanco, ‘(Celtis reticulata). (Figure I4).
Native, adapted t0 most soils; easily transplanted from the wild. It
requires pruning to remove the lower branches which tend to droop.
This is perhaps the safest tree to plant where root rot is bad. The
shade is fairly good. The eastern hackberry will also grow here. A
new introduction from China, Celtis sinemis, looks promising (Fig-
ure I 5). '

Hickory, (Hicoria buekleyi). Native in deep sands near Devine;
slow to moderate growth. This has not been tried at Winter Haven.
but it should be all right in deep sands. Makes a good shade.

Mesquite, (Prosopis glandulosa). (Figure I6). Native; all
soils. Use of mesquites in the landscape plan usually consists of
leaving them where they already grow when clearing the new land.
They give an open shade unless well watered, and are often quite
useful while waiting for other trees to grow. The disadvantage is
their susceptibility to root rot under irrigation.

Mulberry, Non-fruiting, (Moray spp.). (Figure I7). Both
native and introduced; any soil; deciduous. For shade, fruiting
kinds should be avoided. A recent introduction, Moms kagayanzae,
has no fruit and is a very desirable shade tree. So far none of these
have been affected by root rot at Winter Haven. Mulberries are
easily propagated from cuttings.

Mulberry, Paper, (Bi/oussoneziia yfiapyflfera). (Figure I8).
Not a true mulberry, but a rapid growing tree. It is very suscepti-
ble to root rot, and should be used only on a temporary basis.

Oak, Spanish, (Quercus texmm). Native to Edwards Plateau
country. It is a very attractive shade tree and the only oneof the
deciduous oaks recommended for planting in Southwest Texas. It
has not been tested on the experiment station at Winter Haven but
is commonly grown as an ornamental.

Pecan, (Carya yfieaan). Native, along streams. Pecans are not
successful on shallow upland soils unless abundantly watered. If
not near streams, they will doubtless require abundant irrigation,
even on deep soils. They are recommended only for deep soils and
where plenty of water is available for irrigation.

Retama, (Parkinsonia aculeata). (Figure I9). Native; any
soil. Retama makes a rather open shade, but is very drouth resist-

Figure 18.

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS ‘23

tree.

"Is

Paper mulberry (B/roussonetia papyrifera) makes shade in
one year from planting cuttings.

 .._.....,.‘¢ _.__ y’; .1 .44 ‘aianll-li-JAA

24 BULLETIN NO. 695. TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

M.“

s. .. a; ;  .~

1
Jllnllllhk ,. A‘ l

Figure 19. ‘Retama is a native with open shade, but is hardy and has
attractive yellow flowers. Courtesy Texas Extension Service
and Sadie Hatfield.

 

(JRNAMISNTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

Figure 20. Sycamore is an excellent native shade tree easily gifown
from cuttings.

N)
g1

26 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

Figure 21. Chinese Wingnui; grows rapidly and makes good shade but
is susceptible to root rot.

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS 273

ant. The showy yellow flowers are borne abundantly in the spring
and often in the fall. Dried green leaves are sometimes used in bas-
ket work.

Soapberry, (Sapimiu-s d1'u14zwz0ndiz7). Native, any soil. Soap-
berry (or wild chinaberry) is usually a small tree, but may be use-
ful where room is not available for a larger one. A larger species
from China, Sapzirzzizrs“ wzzrkorossi, grows more rapidly and makes
better shade.

Sycamore, (Platmzvzrs occidentabis). (Figure 20). Native, along
streams. Sycamore makes an excellent shade tree, but requires irri-
gation on upland soils. It is readily grown from dormant cuttings.

Texas Umbrella, i (11! elia azedarack uav/abraculiforwzis"). (Figure
22). Introduced; any soil. Texas umbrella gives more dense shade
than any other tree, and is very useful. lts disadvantage is the un-
sightly berries in winter.

Walnut, (fuglans major). Native. The Arizona walnut is a
very attractive tree, but is only moderately resistant to root rot. It
is worth trying in a limited way. i

Wingnut, (Pteraczzrya stenzzpzfenz). (Figure 21). Introduced;
apparently any soil. The Wingnut comes from China and, so far,
has shown up very well at Winter Haven. It grows rapidly and, by
proper pruning, makes a good shade tree.

Figure 22. Texas Umbrella grows rapidly andimakes very dense shade.
Good for the play yard.

28 BULLETIN NO. 695,’ TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

Evergreen Shrubs

Since we do not have snows to hide our landscape in the winter,
we prefer the shrubs that retain their leaves. The choice of ever-
green shrubs depends 0n size, quickness of growth, color of foliage,
flowers, utility, and resistance to climatic extremes and diseases,
especially root rot.

Abelia, (Abelfa gnzndiflora). Introduced; all soils. Abelia is
very‘ hardy and commonly grown. It is not showy, but is dependable
as a filler to contrast with others of more pronounced color.

Agarita, (Berberis trifaliolata). Native; all soils. A very at-
tractive little shrub with light green grayish foliage that thrives
almost anywhere. The attractive fruits are edible and are often used
for jellies. '

Apache Plume, (Fallugia paradoxa). (Figure 23). Native;
along streams in hill country; seeds with long feathery tails, giv-
ing the name “Apache plume.” This is an attractive shrub, flower-
ing the first year from seed and bearing many rose-like white flow-
ers almostlcontinuously through the spring, summer and fall. In
planting seed, it is important to use only freshly collected seed.
Seed‘ several months old will not germinate.

Arbor-vitae, (T/zuja orienmlis). (Figure 24). Introduced; any
soils; many sizes from 4 to I 5 or 2o feet tall; foliage varies from
golden to dark bluish green; good resistance to root rot. Arbor-
vitae are very heat resistant. Some varieties blend especially well
in the landscape. Among the best varieties tried are Goldspire,
Wintergreen, and Miniature.

Bamboo. Introduced; many species belonging to about a dozen
genera were planted; any soil; background or windbreak; from 6
to 2o feet high, spread I5 feet; propagated from clumps or rooted
shoots. These plants require a good water supply, and make a dense
growth.

Banana, (Mu-m spp.). Native-to tropics, but will grow in South
Texas with a little protection. This gives a good tropical effect to
the landscape. Bananas require abundant soil moisture.

Bird of Paradise, (Caesalpinia gillierii). Native, and a showy
ornamental for, roadside planting. It should be pruned to get more
flowers.

Black brush, (Acacia anzentacea). Native, gravelly ridges or
sand hills. This species grows without a definite trunk, usually con-
sisting of several stems rising from the same base. It is well worth
cultivating for the flowers in early spring. '

..¢..........._.M_...¢_..._.. {may w

 

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS 29

Figure 23. Aplache plume (Fallugia. para/doxa) flowers almost. continu-
ous y.

 

»
r

Figure 24. Arbor-vitae does well in Southwest Texas. 1933.

30

BULLETIN NO. 695,‘ TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

25. This Bottlebrush has



large showy red flowers in the spring.

N“ unfit-Jail!)

u> H....¢.r,w‘.' * “

~ 4- ......“.......M_4. .‘

 

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

Figure 26. The box-orange (Severinia
evergreen hedge.

Figure 27. Brazil (Condalia obovaita) can be pruned to make a decora-
tive shrub.

31

32 BULLETIN NO. 695,.TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

Bottle-brush, (C allisteman citriizus). (Figure 2 5). Introduced
from Australia; has large showy, brilliant red flowers like a bottle-
brush, in the spring. Another bottle—brush (Melaleaca styp/ielio-
ides) from Australia has very attractive foliage, and, under favor-
able conditions, may make a tree.

Box Orange, (Severiuia buxifolia). (Figure 26). Introduced
from India; the box orange is a citrus relative that makes a dense

evergreen, spiny plant. It grows slowly from seed but makes a pret-
ty hedge. Fruits are black and of no value.

Brazil, (Comialia obovata). (Figure 27). Native; foliage
drops off only following severe cold. This is an attractive native,
very common on sandy soils. It can be pruned to form shade, but
is more attractive as a background or specimen plant. The fruit is
edible and a favorite of birds. Seeds should be planted before they
dry. a i

Cacti. Space does not permit the discussion of the many genera
and species of cactus that may be used in the Southwest Texas
landscape. Those interested are referred to Texas C acti, by Schulz
and Runyon, obtainable from your library or bookdealer. Another
good reference is the Cactus journal published by the Cactus and
Succulent Society of America, 6162 N. Figueroa Street, Los An-
geles, California.

Calamondin, (Citrus mitis). Native of the Philippines and
sometimes called Philippine lime. It" is an upright growing plant as
tall as 2o to 25 feet, and one of the hardier citrus varieties. It comes
true from seed. Since it flowers almost continuously, it has showy
fruits of a deep orange color practically the year around. The fruit
is useful in juices or drinks. i

Canary Island Lupine, (AdeVlOCdTfZiS folioloszis). Recently in-
troduced; sandy soils; yellow flowers, profuse. A very beautiful
plant with small leaves and a desirable one if root rot is not present.
Probably best grown from seed.

Cape-jasmine, (Gardenia jasminoides). Introduced; sandy
soils; white flowers, abundant, intensely fragrant; dark green, dense
foliage; somewhat susceptible to root rot; requires abundant mois-
ture ; grows from cuttings, but best with bottom heat. Cape-jasmine
is an attractive plant but will need care. It is often grown in this
area.

Carrizo, (Arimdo dqnax). Native; any soil; needs abundant
moisture. It will form a quick windbreak, but is difficult to keep in
bounds.

Figure 28.

- ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS 33

Queen’s wreath (Antigonon leptopus) is an excellent vine.
Ceniza (Leucophyllum) in the foreground.

34 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION %=

i 3’

 if,
e $1 ".

Figure 29. Front entrance, 1932, before ornamentals made any growth. 
. g}

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

are oleanders and date palms alternating.

36 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

 

 

4


‘l
‘I
a
i
1.

 

Figure 32. Arizona cypress makes a good windbreak. This picture was
taken eight years after planting.

Figure 33. Rogers firethorn (Pyracantha rogersiana) is one of best
ornamental shrubs in Southwest Texas.

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS x 37 '-

Ceniza, (Barometer bush) (Leucop/zyllunz frutescens). (Figure
28). Native; any soil; flowers lavender t0 purple, abundant, appear
with rainy weather; foliage gray; slightly susceptible t0 root rot.
The best and most useful of our native shrubs; it withstands heat,
drouth and cold, and lends itself to almost any landscape use. It
can be pruned to any shape desired. Transplanting seems to be most
successful in August. It prefers full sun.

Century Plans, (Agave amerioana). Native escape; any soil,
dies when it flowers (usually IO to I5 years); easily transplanted
from root sprouts. This plant needs plenty of room and full sun.

Citrange, (Citrus-panama). Some of the citrus hybrids have
very ornamental fruits. They grow tall and are very thorny, so can
only be used in background plantings or hedges. The most orna-
mental of these are Rusk and Carrizo citranges.

Colima, (Xamf/zoxylum fagara). Native to Southwest Texas. It
grows as a dense shrub and may become fairly tall. It may be
pruned to shape, and is well worth planting.

Creosote Bush, (Law/ea tridentata). Native; on gravelly ridges.
These little bushes are quite attractive in borders, or along walks
where they receive full sun. It is also called “greasewood” because
of the oily or greasy appearance of the leaves.

Cypress, Arizona, (Cupressus arizonica). (Figure 32). Intro-
duced; from Arizona and New Mexico; any soil. The plants from
seed are variable and may be large or dwarf, fast or slow growing,
and may be any shade of green. Hence, except where planting for
windbreak, it is usually best to buy grafted or cutting-rooted speci-
mens from a reliable nursery. This species stands the climate well
and is very attractive. i

Cypress, Italian, (Cup/essay sempervzé/ens). Introduced; any
soil, very heat and drouth-resistant. This plant, often associated
with cemeteries, will resist adverse conditions and neglect better
than many natives. Because of its height, the use is limited in the
small landscape, but it is excellent for two-story dwellings or larger
public buildings.

Dalea, Purple, (Dalm fowmosa). A native low-growing shrub
with showy purple flowers in March. Easily transplanted.

Elaeagnus, (Elaeagnzrs spp.). Introduced; any soil; silvery tan
foliage. Commonly planted, but probably not as useful as ceniza in
the same situations. The two species most commonly offered are E.
macrop/vylla and E. yfiungens, the latter in considerable variety.

38 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

 

..¢.._,>I,.,.- '*‘ ,.

 

Figure 34. The Chinese holly stands high summer temperatures. 

 

7- ....._., _

 

.. '¢V7<Vfly<f W...

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS ' i 39

Feijoa, (Feijoa sellmvicma). Introduced from Brazil; any soil.

I The foliage is gray-green and flowers brilliant red. Feijoa is often

called pineapple guava, and the fruits are used for jellies. The

shrub is very attractive, hardy and valuable in landscaping.

Fiddlewood, (Cit/zarcxylum écrlandicri). Native in Lower Rio
Grande Valley; any soil; white flowers, abundant and fragrant;
berries red. This shrub is well adapted to this climate, but may lose
the leaves at temperatures below 20° F. Some splitting of the bark
also occurs at these low temperatures, but the plant quickly recov-
ers. Flowers and fruit are both attractive and the plant may be
pruned to shape.

Firethorn, (Pyracazz-t/za spp.). Introduced from India; anysoil;
foliage dark green; white flowers, showy, fruit, orange to red. This
is one of the best evergreens for Southwest Texas. There are sev-
eral species, the prettiest one being P. mgersiana (Figure 33). It
is thorny and, therefore, not suited for planting close to walks.

Guajillo, (Acacia berlandieri). Native; mostly sandy or gravel-
ly soils, but grows in any soil; foliage dark green, tender below
20° F.; white flowers, fragrant. Guajillo is a famous honey plant.
The fern-like leaves make it an attractive ornamental, but the foli-
age does not stand temperatures below 15° F.

Guava, Strawberry, (Psidiam cattlcianam). Introduced from
Brazil; a pretty shrub with red or yellow fruits that make good
jelly. The Mexican guava (Pszdium gaajava) is a large plant with
strongly aromatic yellow fruits that are used for jellies. The Mex-
ican guava is commonly planted, but is easily frozen. It recovers
quickly. '

Holly, Chinese, (flex comuta). (Figure 34). Introduced from

Asia. It is the only holly, other than Yaupon, that is adapted to the
high summer temperatures of this area.

Kumquat, (Fortzmclla spp.). Introduced; foliage green; white
flowers, very fragrant; golden yellow fruits, very showy, edible;
ripens in winter and spring. Kumquats are very attractive and the
plants withstand considerable cold. Fruits are frozen below 25° F.
Nagami is the most ornamental and grows the largest. Meiwa is
dwarf in growth and more useful for eating. Marumi is intermedi-
ate in growth and quite ornamental.

Mountain Laurel or Mescal bean, (Sophora seczmdéflora). Na-
tive; along streams and in hill country; any soil; foundation or
specimen; height 8 to I5 feet, spread 6 to Io feet, growth slow;
flowers in large purple clusters; seeds bright red and hard; difficult

40 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

 

  

k/mnh wawvw<‘““ JL- A

 

 

 

Figure 35. Roman myrtle is well adapted to Southwest Texas.

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

Figure 36. Oleander 4 years old in full flower.

41

42 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

t0 transplant; grows from seeds; will tolerate shade; somewhat sus-
ceptible to root rot. This plant is very attractive but, because of its
slow‘ growth and difficulty in transplanting, it is not much used.
The flowers are showy but should not be brought indoors as they
cause headaches. If one has patience, they are perhaps best grown
from seeds planted in place. Some nurserymen are selling them in
pots.

Myrtle, Roman, (zl/[yrtus aomnzuni-s). (Figure 35). Introduced
from the Mediterranean area. It is a pretty shrub that withstands
high summer temperatures. It will require a little pruning to keep
it in bounds sinceit can get fairly large.

Nandina, (Nandina domestim). Introduced; any soil. Foliage
becomes bright red in winter. Nandina is normally used as a low
shrub in foundation plantings to give color contrast.

Natal Plum, (Carissa grandiflora). Introduced from South
Africa. It is a thorny shrub with attractive dark green foliage. It
can be sheared and. makes a good hedge where temperatures do not
go below 20° F.

Oleander, (Nerium oleander). (Figure 36). Introduced from
Asia Minor; any soil; flowers white, red, peach, yellow, very abun-
dant, May to August. [Verium imiicum is the sweet-scented olean-
der. These shrubs are well adapted and quite attractive. They do
especially well in sands. They are not recommended where tempera-
tures go below 10° F. Flowers and foliage are very poisonous and
should be kept away from small children or livestock.

Palms. Several palms are useful as evergreen shrubs. The- best
ones tried are the Blue Palm (Eryzf/zea armwtzz), (Figure I4), from
Mexico and the Desert Palm, [Vannorr/zops ritchieana, from Af-
ghanistan. Both are fan-leaf types. The Desert Palm grows in clus-
ters and would be suitable only in group or border plantings.

Pampas Grass, (Cormderia argerztea). (Figure 37). Intro-
duced; any soil; leaves long with serrate sharp edges; flower stalks
tall, very showy; grows rapidly. Pampas grass is especially useful
as a lawn specimen, or to set off a lily pool.

Pittosporum, (Pitziosporunz spp.). Introduced; any soil. The
plants form a shapely shrub that is quite attractive and useful.

Poinciana, Yellow, (Caesalyfiinia nzexicana). Introduced from
Mexico. An evergreen shrub with abundant yellow flowers. It might
appropriately be called a “machine-gun” shrub because on a warm
day the ripe pods will burst open with an explosive sound and shoot
the ripe seeds as far as 3o or 4o feet. The true Poinciana of the
tropics (Poineiana regizz) does not tolerate frost.

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEX

Figure 37. Pampas grass (Cortader/ia argentea) g1 es tropical’ effect
to landscape The carob tree in the background is a good
evergreen tree.

44 BULLETIN NO. 695. TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

Poinsettia, (Eupkorbia pulckerrima). Common in South Texas
both as a winter pot-plant and in the open. The terminal leaves turn
a bright red in the winter. They are likely t0 be frozen at 20° F..
but will survive most winters in Southwest Texas.

Privet, (Ligmtruwz spp.). Introduced; any soil; foliage light
green to glossy dark green; flowers in white panicles, fragrant. The
most useful foundation shrubs are varieties of Ligustrzmtz lucédum.
L. jayfionicum makes a good hedge, or even shade tree. Because they
are somewhat susceptible to root rot, they are a little risky xvhen

planted in a conspicuous place.

- Soapbush, (Porliefla angzrstifalia). Figure 38). Native, any
soil; mixed border; foliage dark green; flowers purple; fruits bright

red, showy in November and December; growth extremely’ slow’;-

propagated from seeds; difficult to transplant. Soapbush grows well
in shade or sun and should be left in place if possible when clearing
for a new house.

Sotol, (Dasyliriarz iéxdl/l-ZH/IZ). Native in hill country and west
of Del Rio; any soil; immune to root rot; easily transplanted. Sotol
makes a large flower _stalk some 1o feet high. The plants are well

worth having for their tropical effect.

Figure 38. The soapbush, origuayacan, is a native evergreen. Courtesy
Sadie Hatfield.

 

w' Tfiwll'r*"w"r1w . , -=w-rr-,-vw‘-.-wr__._...-.,_._.,.,.-. w-WW“... 

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS 45

Switch Sorrel, (Daalon-aea triquetlwz). From Australia. A rather
strong-growing shrub with light green foliage and red seed cap-
sules, which are ornamental and hang on for some time. It would be
useful as a low windbreak.

Sumac, Evergreen, (R/zus virens). Native in West Texas and
easily grown. Fruits are bright red and ornamental.

Tea Plant, Chinese, (Sageretia zi/wezmzs). Introduced, any soil;
foliage medium green; flowers not showy but intensely fragrant.
This is a recent introduction that is highly recommended for shady
places, but also does well in sun. It can be pruned as a shrub, or
trained to cover an arbor. '

Yaupon, (llex ztowzritaria). Native in East Texas. The most at-
tractive ones have red berries at Christmas time. This is one of the
prettiest evergreen shrubs in East Texas, and well worth growing in
Southwest Texas. It is one of the few hollies that will grow here.
Like all hollies, it grows rather slowly. A small native. shrub called
Desert Yaupon (Schaefleria czmeifolia) is not as attractive as the
yaupon above, but is easy to obtain locally and is useful in a mixed
planting. It also has red berries in the winter and-is easily trans-
planted.

Flowering Shrubs

Although evergreens are desirable as stated, there are some "de-
ciduous species that are valuable for their showy or fragrant flowers.
These are always useful for interplanting with evergreens and may
even be used alone, if pretty enough. A partial list is given in
Table 4, which also includes some that were listed in Table  be-
cause they are evergreen.

' Boneset, (Eupmtoriuwa ha-varzerzse). (Figure 39). Native in
hills of Edwards Escarpment. Easily grown from cuttings and has
a beautiful mass of white flowers throughout the summer.

Buckeye, Mexican, (Ungmzdia syfieciosa). Native in hill coun-
try; any soil; flowers reddish purple appearing before the leaves in
the spring; easily grown from seeds. The seeds are poisonous.

Chaste Tree, (Vitax agwus-castus). Introduced; any soil; eas-
ily grown from cuttings. If properly pruned it will make a shade
tree, but normally is used as a shrub. It is attractive and easily
grown. Another species more recently introduced is Vitex negundo
incisa which has similar habits.

Crepe Myrtle, (Lagerstr0e1nid imiica). (Figure 4o). Intro-
duced; flowers very showy, abundant throughout the summer. Crepe

46 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

 

 

 

 

  

zéixmnzz... . .1: 1.101%. :2 ,

 .

 

 

.0. 1:1. 1| 4.110515%:

 

 

. . . . . . . . . 4 00155500: 0501.00

  

   

0.5.0 .:0:.:00.:m Am: 0050.00 :.0.: .0 =3 :1.0: :0: 30:0 w. m. . H. . . 03500:. 0:00

Aw: :::..: .:oE:00.:m 1011:: =3 h on: 100w 30:0 0: 0:10 . . . . . . . . 15:05:: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5m 0=0:::.0h
:o:.:00.:m 50:01:00.: 100m :3 h o0: 100w 30:0 0: w  0:000 015005.: . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0:0:B0=0m 0020.:
.::0.w Aw: 100m =3 :1.0: 100w 1:00. w v . . . . 05:1: 0:00.30 . . . . . . . . . .AZ: 00010.0: 0:w:=0h
ow10: ..::0.w 100m :.0.: .0 =3 :15: 30.: 05.0105 w A:: . . . .. . . .:m:.: 0:03: . . . . . . . . AZ: 0:050: 0::1.0::0m:m:

:05:00.:m 010:0
.:0::01::0.: mw:::::0 .5 =3 :1.0: :0: 05.0105 w w . . . . . . . 10:55.03: . . . . . . . . . . . ..00::0.:0:. m::.::0::.:

:05:00.:m mw:::::0 010:m
.5 =3 h oaN .00.: 1:00. v: w . . . . . . . . .0:::0m::0.: . . . . . . . . ..05:..0:0::.: 0:30:03:
:05:00.:0 100m =3 :1.0: 100w 30:0 w w . . . . . . .. .5:0.: 0:5: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .505... 00:::.h

0000:: :.1 m.0:0: 010:m 

.QQ::Q.:QW k» hfi. =5w kmvufii $06M hvnzw m M . . . . . . . . . . f-mwueflmhvh- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .QHD dLm-Qnmfimm

.::0.w Av: 100m 010:m
.5 =3 :1.0: 100w 30:0 v w . . . . . . . . .0==000£0 . . . . . . . 1A0: m:0w::.: 0000000.:

.::0.w Av: 100m 010:0
.5 =3 :1.0: 100w B0:m w w . . . . . . . . .m::w0o0:m: . . . . 1A0: 0=::.:0.005 03.0002...

Aw: 0w10: 100m =3 :15: ~100w 1:00.. cN N: . . . . ..:0..0m :0::3m . . . . . . . . . . . . ..0.:0::0:.: 00:01.5:

.::0.w 100m :.0.: .0 =3 :15: 100w 30.0105 0N m: . .:055:m.0.: m0..0.:_ . . . . . . . . . . AZ: 0:000: m0.:.:m0:Q

:05:00.:m 100m =3 :1.0: 100w 05.0105 w m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :0:0m . . . . . . . . .AZ: 5.50:0: :0:.:::m0n:

.::0.w mw:::::0 100m =3 :1.0: :0: 05.0105 w N . . .. . . 00:01 0:05.: . . . . . . . . . . . . . AZ: 0555.: 00:09
:0::01.::0.: .:05:00.:m 100m =3 :1.0: :0: 11:0. A:: cwloN . . . . .mm0..::0 :0::0:: . . . . .0.» m:0.:>.0.:50m m:mm0..::O
0:02:13? .:0:.:00.:m 100m =3 :1.0: .:0.: 1:00. mNlm: cvlm: . . ..mm0..::0 0:0n:.< . . . . . . . . . . . 02:03.0 m:mm0..::Q

.::0.w .:05:00.:m :0:m:>:1 =3 :1.0: 100w 0:0.0105 N: w . . . . . .mm0.w 0:50.: . . . . . . . . . . .00::0w.0 0:510:50

.::0.w .:05:00.:m Aw: 100m =3 :1.0: 100w 0:0.0105 N: m: . . . . . . . . . . . . .::s0.:: . . . . . . .. . AZ: 0:0>0:0 0:01:00

Aw: :::..: .:05:00.:m Aw: 100m =3 h 0.00 100w 05.0105 0. m: . . . .. . . .::1:050:0O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:25 m:.::U

3: :00.0m .0w10: Aw: 100m =3 h o0: 100w 1:00. m: m: . . . . . . . . . ..ow:0.::O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..m1:..::: 0:.::O

.::0.w 50:51:50.: mw:::::0 =3 h Q¢N 100w 150. o: c: . . . . . . ..100.>0:11:h . . . .AZ: :.0:1:0:.0.: 5:::..0.0:::O

Aw: 0w10: .:05:00.:m 100m =3 :1.0: 100w $20 w v . . . . . . . . .0m0w.05< . . . . . . . . . . . ..AZ: 0:000: 0:0:m0U
.::0.w .0w10: mw:::::0
.m.0:0: =3 h QNN 100w 05.0105 v v . . . . . . ..5::.: :0:0Z . . . . ..0.0:::::0 0mm:.0O
:05:0o.:m 100m =3 h ow: 100w 150. A:: N: . . . . ...:m:..: 01:0: . . . . . . ....:.:m :050:m:=0O
:05:00.:m 100m =3 h om: 100w 05.0105 N: A:: .. 0:0:0::0...: 30:0: . . . . . . . . . ..0:00:005 051300000
.::0.w .:o5:00.:m 100m =3 h om: 100w 0:05:55 m m . . . .00:10.0..: :0 1.5 . . .AZ: ::m0:=:w 0:::.::0m00O
Aw: .015: ..::0.w m.0..:0:m .1000 :.0.: .0 =3 :1.0: 100w 20.0105 v w . . . . . . . . . . . .0::..0w< . . . . . . . .AZ: 0:0:0::0.::.: m:.0.:.om:
0w10: .:05:00.:m :0:m:>:1 :00. =3 h om: 100w 150. m: m: . . . . . . . . . ..00:50:: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...:.:0 0m:.:50::
0w10: mw:::::0
.m100m =3 :1.0: 100w 1:50. m c: . . . . 130:1: :.0mon: . . . . . . . . .AZ: 0:00:w0: m:.0:000::

0w10: .0 :00.0m 0::0..:m =3 :1.0: 100w 150. m.::.::0 m: . . . . . . . . . . . 03.5w . . . . . . . . . . . . . AZ: 00:01 01:...<

:05:00.:m m.0..:0:m =3 :1.0: 100w 05.0105 w m . . . . . .::0:.: :.:::0Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:02.050 0>0w<

:05:00.:m AN: 100m =3 h om: .00.: . 1:00. w w 0::.:::1:0:m: :.0:0O . . . . . . . .m:m0:0=0.: m:.:.000:o1<

0w10: .:0::01::0.: A:: 100m =3 h omN 100w 05.0105 w c: . . . . . . . . . . .0=::.0:_U . . . . . AZ: :.o:1:0:.0: £0004

.::0.w .:05:00.:m A:: 100m =3 h ocN 100w 05.0105 0N N: . . . . . . .:m:..: 0:005: . . .. . . . AZ: 00005050 0:000<

:0::01::0.: mw:::::0 =3 :1.0: 100w >5:m w w . . . . . . . . . . . .0::0.:< . . . . . . . . . .0._0:::::.._0 0=0:<
50.: ::m 0: 1:00 :0. :03: ::.$0.w 100..:m ::w:0:
00D c3051.: 05500:: |.||1|||||l|t| :0 0:3: 03m 0...:0:>: 050: :0E50U 050: 0::::0:0m

6w 00:03:02:

25.5w 000.000.»: w 0:.:0.:.

47

.2202» 20.220200 3v
42:02:20 3v

.0=2.._=.E._00 :2 302w 3v
.052 m0 :00m m0 25m 3v
0.320220... 8 022.202: av

.00:0 20 25m .55: 20.5 0:000 0. B0220 250 5.00m 20.5 20.03 0:225: 2:02: 22v
502.05 505220520 :0 :B02w 002 20v

.0232 2v

0:020 505200.20
552w .:05200am
3v :05200am
:0.22200am
:05200am

a:02w .:05200am
00:0:
3v a:02w

:02202.::0.2
50:20 .a:02w
a:02w

8v =¢2§0==¢2
05.0: .:05200am
02:20 .a:02w
22:22 05.0:
3v a:02w

r

:05200am

:05200am

a:02w

5.5200220 m0::0><
a:02w

3v a:02w .:05200am

05.0: .:05200am
:05200am

02:20 .a:02w
0200222252.: .0500:
05.0: 5:020

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

05.0: .a:02w
a:02w

:05200am 05.0:
a:02w

a:02w .:05200am
:0020m 05.0:
:05200am 05.0:
3v :05200am

:00m
0000
000m
000m

00:25:.
.0000
0000

5 2.03
0000

mw:E0:0
mw:S0:0.002
0000

.mw:S0:0
0000

0000

000m

m0=:2=0
.:00m
000m
m:00m
00:02:.
:02m2>22.
m:00m

00:20.6
@0556
:0202>22.

0000
mw:23:0

mw:3.:0
mw:=.:0
:00:

000m
00002000022
000m

Avv m:00m
m.:02am-.002
"Amv m0=:.:0

=2...

220a 5 22:0
=5

020.2 5 22:0

0:0:m

.5 =5
=:.2

=:.2
22:0
=:.2

0:0:m
.5 =00

000:m
5 =02
220a 5 =02
=02
=:..
=:.2

000:0
5 =:.2
522 20 =0.-
20a 20 =:.2
=02
:02

0:0:m
5 =:.2
=02
=5

000w

0.0202005
0.020255
0.020255
020202.05

302m
B020
302m
302m

2.2.202
02020255

0.020255
02502
00020220.:

.2520

302m
020202. 05
2.2502
2.252
00020005

0.0202. 05
302m
00020:. 05
2.2502
000202.05

2.2.202
000202.05
020202.05
000202.05
020202.05

B020
302m
000202.05

B020

. . . . . . . . . . . 052200
. . . .2000... :m2:0am

. . . . . . . . .0202=000_...~ .

. . . . ... .00~2>|20:2<

. . . . . . . .02m00>:02.m
. . 20:20- 0205:0022
. . . . . . ..0w:020 x00
. . . ..:0a:0.2 020000

. . .2002: 00. 0m0:2:0
. . .005:m 000202032

. . . . . . . . . 520502202
. . . . .0230 .550:
. .0>0:w 0220:3025

.........§m:§ Qfinvm

. . . . . . .5:20am0.22.2

. . . . . .0575... 00000

. . . . . . 0000.202 002k

. . . . . . . . . .202.:002O

. . . . . 2520a 020000

.........I0:2u:0Z
. . . . 02.2.25 5050M
....5:20a0.:>2
. . . . . . . . . ..0:0:0m
. . . . . . .:m:2:-0=5m2

. . . . . . 1:02.: 002:3

. . . . . . . . . . . . 00.22.:

. . . . . . . . . . . . 00.22.:

. . . . . . . . . . . 002.200

. . . . . . . . . . . 45:01

. . . . .:m:: 05m0020 .
. ..20a2::2. 2220.22.32 .
 . . . . ..:0a:0>.

. . . . . ..h=avnm @QQ:=&O

. . . . . . . AZv 020w02 5:_520:50N
.. . . . 1.1270 0552:0020 00.5%

. . . . . . . . . . . 0502.0: 05002.3»
. . . . . 100220220.» 2022050220 055a.

 

. . . . . . . . . .0:022.2>02. 02.50.5025
.. . . . . . AZv, 0202222.::00m 0.0.2.200
. . . . . . . . . . . 002202205: 02:220>0m
. . . . . . . . . . .0220.220::0 0220.2200:0m

. . . . . . . . . . . . .MidNOQ-—u 02.020500
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  QGQHT» Gila

. . . . . . . . . .0:02m20w02 0.250005%
. . . . . . . . . . . . .0>02.0:w 5:22.29:
. . . . . . . . . . . .5::0202$00 5:22.200

 

. . . . . . . AZv 022820055. 0202220.:

. . . . . . . . 30v 022:0. 5:20.225...
. . .5 502202252: 552202000520:
. . . . . . 16v 22v 000020 05.220022

. . . . . . . . . . . 2020:0020 5:220!
. . . . . . . . 2552:0022 ma0:220::0Z

 

. . . . . . . . . . . 10023050: 0:20:02

. ~ - . . . . . . . - . . .  

. . . . . . ..5:2_0.22.m:w:0 5020.20.22

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  lam 

. . . . . . . . 002.20.200.25. 00:0_020~>2

 

. . . . . . . . . . . .  Nammhawnwfi: 
. . . . . . . . . 2.1220503 5:23:02:
. . . . . . . . . . 52:02:05.2. 52235-5:
. . . AZv 0:05.052.- 5022500000..
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 0252002 02:0m.$0:
. . . IZAZv 000502.22.- 00220:
. .  0v 25:0:2a 0:205:02.
. . . 272v 0220.250.» n0:

  

. . . . . . .8e:-.~.-OO HQ:

48 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

 

 

. .11 J... ....

 

. .. l. ...¢.....-....§.e .41.. .11.. 3...31._.....4-i...i .;..
0500:3000 0000.0 00900.02. 02.3.00 .
.1000 ...0: ...3 h °0N :0. 1.:0. v m . . . . . . . . . 2000.00: . . .. . .2. 0.00.00 000.00:
..0....055..0 000..0> 00001.001 000.300 :3 01.0: 100m 1.:0. N: N: . . . . . . .0....:5 000.0 . . . . 00.10. 0.500..0.0m0.:
.05500.u0..:0 30:0.» 000.2030 0.000.
000.300 :3 31.0: :0. .105 0: w . . . . . . . . . . 00.50.... . . .50:..05..: 500.500..
05500 000...?» 0.501.001 000.300 ..0: :3 31.0: .00: .105 m c: . . .. .:0.0:0 ..0 000: . . . A0. 0000.50 00003.2
0000:3000 0..:3 0005.030 000.300 ..0: h ow: :0. .105 m w . . . .. 00.50.... 0:00 . . . . . . . . . . .::0 5:01.00
.05500 10.. 00001.001 000.300 :3 31.0: 12.0 30.0 c: o: . . . . . . . . . . .0....00O . . . 100010030 0.0.0000»:
0043.02 AN. 0..:3 0005.030 00.110: :3 h on: 1000 .105 0: 0: . . . . . . . . 2.000500: .. . . 02.00.05 0:0:0..0h
$022.02 AN. 0..:3 000.w..0>0 C. 1000 :3 01.0: 1000 1.:0. m v . . . . .050_: 0:00:< 32.2. 00010.0: 0.00:0»:
.0.0.3 10. 000.0030 000.300 =3 h QmN ... 1.:0. 0 m . . . . . . . . 0.30050: .0.05....0:0.0: 0:10:03:
0000:..000 0..:3 000.u.0>0 000.300 ..0: .2. 0.0000030:
.:3 01.0: 100m 1.:0. m v . . . . . . . . . . .3000»: 50.5.5.0“:
00.50 AN. 10. 000000:.0.: 000.300 A0. A2.
.1000 :3 h ncN . ... .105 0: v . . . . . . . .000:-.0.00 0000:.0.. 00.5.3.0
00.50 AN. 10. 00001.001 1000 ..0: ...0.. 31.0: 100w 30.0 m v ...:00:-.0.00 .3 .w . .0.5.0.....0:0: 00.5.5”:
00000..:00 00.: 000.w.0>0 1000 ..0: ...0.. h omN 100m .105 m 0. . . . . . . . . ..030:.:..m . . . . . . . 10:000. 0.00.0:
..02 0.:.0: 000.300
00.: :00.m..0>0 .1000 :3 01.0: :0. .105 N N . . . . . . 00.01 0.:.0h . . . .. . .2. 0005.0. 00.00:
0000:..:00 0..:3 0005.030 000.300
.1000 :3 h ooN 100w .105 N: 0: . . . . .  .0>..0 1:3 . . . . 1.2. 1.0.00.0: 0.1.00
0000:..000 AN. 0.0.3 000..w.0>0 S. 1000 :3 h oaN 100m .105 c: m: . . . . . . ..0.1:050.00 . . . . . . . . . . . .0...5 00...0
.05500 0.0.: 00001.001 000.300 :3 31.0: :0. 1.:0. N: w: . . .30...3.w0..030.h . . . . .2. 0..000.. 0.0:0..:0
000003000 10. .030:
0. 0..:3 000.u.0>0 1000 :3 .. h oaN .00: 1.:0. m w n03 00.10.00 . . . . ..:0 50.000.0050:0
.:0h 10.. 00001.001 000.300 ...0: ...0.. 31.0: :0. 30.0 v m 1000.00 w0..030.h . . .00.:0:0.. 00.050000:0
00:25.2 0..:3 0005.030 000.300 ..0: .
.1000 ...3 h ocN 100m 1.:0.. m. m . . . . . 100.500.. 00m: . . . . . . 0.00.0.1 50..000
..02 10. 00001.001 1000 :3 01.0: :0. .105 a N: . . . . . . . . . . 10:10:: . . . . . .0..0.001.000 0.0.00
00:70.02 00.: 0005.030 000.300 ..0: 5000...05
:3 2.0: 1.:0. m. m. . 0u0:50.: 0000.:0 |:.3 050500.500
00.50 0..:3 0551.001 000.300 ..0: .2. 0:0.
...3. 31.0.: :0: 1.:0. N: 0: . . . . ..30...3 00.5: 501.000 00:.:0.0::00
u0...:0|.0.:.3 30:0: 000..u.0>0 1000 :3 h om: :0: 1.:0. w w . . . ....01003 001.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . .::0 0.0000
$022.02 32.0.: :00.w.0>0 1000 :3 h ow: 01000 .105 N: 0: ...0:0.00.0h 30:0.» 130000.005 0.0....00000
.>02-..02 10. 000.w.0>0 1000 :3 01.0: 100:. .105 m m . . . 00.10.00: .0 1...: . . .2. 000...... 05.300000
.0.:.3 10. :00.u.0>0 0.00.000.
  h Cmfl   Y1: M . . . . . . . . . - . . .  . . . . . . . - - - . . . -  

>02 :0.:30.: 0005.030 1000 ..0: ...0.. 31.0.: 100w 1.:0. N a . . . . . . . I0... 8.00m . . . A2. 000.0005 0300:.

00.0.0 30:0.» 0005.030 1000 :3 h Q0N :0: 1.:0. c: N: . . . . . . . . . . . 0.30.5 . . . . . . . . . .00u..00 0.000<

..02..:0h 0..:3 0005.030 1000 :3 h om: :0: .105 0N N: . . . . . . .:00.: 0.00.»: 12.2. 0000.00.00 0.000..

$022.02 0.0.: 000.50.... 000.300 :3 01.0.: :0. 30.0 w w . . . . . . . . . . . .0..0:< . . . . . . .0.0:.100.u 0..0:<
05.8 .0.00 50... 000 1.00 .0. .00: .0330 100.:m 30.0.:
00000.: 030.0 0. 0.00 Ililll. .0 0.0:: {W}! 050: 005500 050: 00:00.0:
.030.h 0:0: 0. 000000.00»: A... 00.0 0.0.02

0:050 00.0030... .v 030:.

49

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

.2555 55.55200 00?. 5

.0555 5053 0050 5.0 30m AC

5030i 5505555050m~ 50 53050 502 AUV
.0232 A73

050555500
=0.5-u55550
.502

0505555500
=05
:05.5055E50
050552500
=05$55550
00b
5055550055500
5055534505
0_0>50555
050555500

33
505 50 05E
505

B0=0>
0B0=0>
505503:
05055055
505

505
050550.»
505
03555
00:.

050555005
050555005
050555005

5005u50>0
500505950
050555005
5005050550
050555005
050555005
5005m50>0
5005m50>0
50050595
5005m50>0

0055350
0055350
5000

5
0055350
5000
0055350
0555505
005.350
0555 .5 000
0055350
0055250
5000
050>0_

5505

5505

=55
=5.“
=55

=5.“
.=5.5
=55
=55
=55
=55
=55
=5.»
=55
=55

>550:
>550:
>550:

h ¢0~
h o=N
>550:
>550:
>550:
>550:
h 005
h O00
>550:
>550:

5000
5000
5000

:05
5000
5050
5005
5000

:05
5000
5000
5000
5000

PI!

N¢Q§ONIOIIB€BMWM
I-l

. . . . .5055 >55035m . .. 100505 0555005 50:5»
. . . . . . 100.: 050050 . . . . . 03000-05500 x05;
. .0>0x055 5005002 . . . . . . 00050050 05505053
. . . . . 1503050 5-00 ... ... . 10050-0 05=0>55P
. . . . .503050 505-00 0:053! 50> 05050 055000?
. . . . . . . 50500 20w . . . . . 2050505550 55505505.
. . . . . . . . . . ..0000@ ...............500 000i
050505005505 5503i . . .0505 555505050 0355b
.......50005 5503i ..........0050505 0555.5
. . . . . . . ..505500_O . . . . . 1.5055003 5555502

. . . . . . . .500 0355B .0.:=0=.=050 0500550302
. . . . . . . . . . . 005500 0500005555 E5=>550050Q
,. . . .0535! 05:50.5. . . . . . 050532-00 050550.-

50 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

myrtlemay be obtained in colors ranging from white to deep pur-
ple, with various shades of red. It is highly recommended for sandy
soils. It can be pruned to any size or shape.

Geraldton Wax Flower, (Chamaelaucium uncinatznn). Intro-
duced from Western Australia. It has various colors of flowers
which are abundant and borne almost continuously. Although sus-
ceptible to root rot, it is well worth trying to grow.

Golden Shower, (T ecoma szfans var. latéfolia). This is native
to the Trans-Pecos area and is easily grown from seed. It will
freeze down each winter where temperatures go below 20° F. The
mass of large yellow trumpet-like flowers is very showy in the fall

and early winter.

Golden Wonder, (Cassia amtemisioiafes). Introduced; any soil;
flowers abundant, yellow; grayish foliage. It does not stand tem-
peratures below 20° F., but may be grown as an annual from seed.
It is very pretty in flower.

Huisache, Gulf Coast, (Pit/zecolobiam. brevifoliuwz). (Figure
41). This is a very attractive evergreen with white flowers.

Lantana, Trailing, (Lantana sellmviana). This species of Lan-
tana is a hardy perennial that flowers continuously with pretty lav-
ender colored flowers. lt is especially useful in beds. The native
Lantana (L. camara) can be used in group or border plantings.

Figure 39. Boneset (Eu-patoriunz hamanense) in flower November 3, 1943.

nndmmuzahmar. ..

Figure

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

Y

40. Crepe myrtle is well adapted on

sandy soils.

51

52 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

Figure 41. Gulf Coast huisache (Pithecolobizam brevifolizmn) flowers
frequently during the year.

 

m.” W; Ih-wfl" ’

 

...u..-. MLJAM?‘ ‘

v y-ww-w-wmtflh, -,,,-., “V'- . .. ,, 

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS 53

Ocotillo, or Jacob's Staff, (Fouquiiera spler/zziens). Native west
of Devil’s River; any soil. The stems rise in vase-form from the
ground, and are lined with stout thorns. Leaves appear only when
there is abundant moisture. The flowers are at the end of the stem,
red, showy. It is easily transplanted. A curious plant often used for
fences in Arizona; attractive in rock gardens or background.

Peach, Dwarf (Prunus persica). Recently introduced; any soil.
The flowers are red and showy in February and March. It should
be grown either as a seedling or budded on resistant root stocks
such as P. I. 61302 or Shalil. The fruit is edible, but not of very
good flavor.

Plumbago, Chinese, (Ceratosaigma ze/illmottianum). Introduced;
small, flowering shrub with abundant blue flowers. It may have to be
grown from seed like an annual, as it is not long-lived. It is useful
for bedding.

Pomegranate, Dwarf, (Punica granatunz mma). Introduced; any
soil. Pomegranates grow very well in this area, and are attractive
shrubs in summer. This dwarf variety grows to only 2 or 3 feet and
flowers profusely all through the summer and fall. The fruiting
pomegranate is also useful in landscaping (Figure 42).

Figure 42. Pomegranate is root-rot-resistant and is attractive during
the summer. Bamboo is atthe left and mulberry in the rear.

a
ii.
Ii
4

54 BULLETIN NO. 695. TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

  

1 , _ ,
 .~L'lmu_lQm 

Figure 43. Flowering willow is a native shrub easily grown from cut-
tings that flowers almost continuously.

zau-LMUILJE <1‘ 1.. , . _.. i‘

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS 55

Redbud, (Cerais occiden-talis). Native; any soil. The flowers are
purplish red, appearing before the leaves in early spring. The foli-
age is glossy green.

Roses (Rosa spp.) are easily grown in sandy soils, but consider-
able trouble with chlorosis is experienced on heavy, limy soils. Roses
in this area tend to bloom almost continuously and will not live very
long. The safest varieties are Red Radiance, E. G. Hill, Etoile de
Hollande (red); Briarcliffe, Editor McFarland, "Edith Nellie Per-
kins, Texas Centennial (pink or light red) ; Luxembourg, President
Herbert Hoover, Talisman (yellow or orange); Caledonia and Kai-
serin Augusta Viktoria (white). For a full discussion of rose grow-
ing, consult Texas Experiment Station Circular No. 9o (5).

Russian Olive, (Elaeagnus angustifolia). Introduced; any soil;
foliage gray. A deciduous flowering shrub with good foliage.

Salt Cedar, (Tamarix chinensis). Introduced from Turkistan.
The flowers appear during the summer in large loose panicles at the
tips of the branches, and are a beautiful reddishpurple. The form
grown at the Winter Garden station is propagated from cuttings,
and seldom exceeds 4 feet in height. '

Turk’s Cap, (Malvaviscus grandiflorus). A tropical plant with
showy red flowers from March to December. Easily grown from
cuttings. It stands shade well, and can be pruned to shape.

Wattle, (Acacia saligna). Introduced from Western Australia.
A shrub or small tree with drooping branches and showy yellow
flowers in racemes in late winter and early spring. It is sensitive to
root-knot nematodes, but grows quickly, therefore, is easily replaced.

Willow, Flowering, (C/zilopsis linearis). (Figure 43). Native
along river beds; any soil; flowers showy, abundant. This plant is
large and requires more room than most, but the flowers are worth
it if one has the room available. It is easily grown from cuttings.

Vines

In many cases it is not practical to grow a tree to shade certain
areas, such as the west side of dwellings, and sometimes a quick
coverage is needed. In cases like these, vines are useful. They pro-
vide cover and are very helpful to cover arbors for use as outdoor
living rooms.

Alamo Vine, (Operculina disses-ta‘). a Native; any soil; rapid »

growth; tall climbing; evergreen; flowers tubular, white with, red
centers in the fall; easily grown from seeds; well adapted and com-
monly grown.

N
w
T
A
T
S
T
N
E
m
R
E
P
X
E
L
A
R
U
T
L
U
w
R
G
A
S
A
X
E
T
5.
9
6
O.
N
N
I
T
E
L
L
U
B

56

.... 11011141..

 

 1 54110131114. 14.x .a1ii..0\.1w.a11 .14»

1a1- 4414.

_ 1...... .11.! i 1...... i .0»

.000000E00Q ANV
050:0 :0 0:0 0000000 0000:?» 0:000 :30: 000000,: AC
.0232 9:
.000500m. 2000:0050": :0 F3000 007: AOV

ANV 050:0 00000000» 0.00.0.2 .0000 .0000: 000.0 0000000000 mu . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .0:0000:>> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .::0 0:00.000?

03 0:100 000:3 0053000 .2000: @000 0000000000 an . . . . . 10:00: 003M 00G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AZV 0::::00:0 00:0»

“w: 0000000 02:3 0000:0000 .0000 >000: 0.000 3:00 an . . . . . . . .0000: 0530002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ZAZV 0:005:00 0:;

5 050:0 03:3 00500000 .2000: @000 0:000:00: 0N . . . . . . . . . 0:000 00053 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:73 10:05:00: 0:;

00000000000550 02:3 0000:0000 h on: . . . . . . . . . . 00000000: 0N . . 0:00:00». 000025.200 . 6v 0000050000000. 000:0:00:00_0:000P

Mfimuflmuhmvuflmb» m5QT-fi> Mflwmvmvuzg inf-S: hOfifi QuQhQUOE Wm . . . . . . . . Rwmnvh  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0mm flmQm

Amv =fiu Q-fiuflfl mh0hfl— 0590M pi OQN nwdu min-Mk OW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . flNmuivm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zflaiwumi NT-Nhfinpah

ANV 0000:0000 @000 .2000: 000: 00:00 0N . . . . . . . 00000000 0050000» . . . ADV 0000000050000 00002000005000:

:0.T00:00:000 03:3 e000 h on: 0:50 00000000: m: . . . . . . . . . . I05.» 0:003. . . . . . . . . . ZAZV 000002: 0:::000:O

0:00-50:00 30:0.» 005:5 .0000: 000.- 0300 m: . . . . .0:._0000:0:0: 0:0! . . . . . . . . . . . . ADV 0:00:00: 000030:

   BQ>%N_ afiuQQfl a Omfl hwfl-a fi@Qa-  . . . . . . . . . . .HQBQ€§Q°2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NA~:Q flQAvanvfit

DflOfiflmuiOU hQmvflQ>d_ h0hfl_ QvQOW kfiufifi . . . . . . . . mwmfiflh NM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NOTJGO NQQEOEM
050:0 30:0.» @000 0m on: 000: 2:00 m: . . .. .0553“. 0::000Q . . . . . 6v 0:00T».00::000 :0:::00_0U
2v 0:00-03:00 0:000: 0000 h emu 000m 2:00 m0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..000::00000m 000000000000

=fiaa MH@~n-% fiuwh 0 QuQQU Qfihflg Hanna“ QfinukQtQe  . . . . . . . . . . . . . ixuQQw=fi=m . . . . . . . . . . . .  mnw=@—°-HU WQQ=UUQU

:0: :00 0000 .2000: c000 00000000: 0N . . . . . . . Z0030: 5:000: . . . . . . . . . . . AZV 0:0:00000 0:000:06

 hQEEnwU nmWihQQ-nw mR-Qamuwa hm Ofimw EOOM Qwfifih  . . . . . . . .~AQ5m mfiwv HAT-Q» . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  fimmOfim Dwnmmio

0000:0300 0:000: 0000:0000 h 0mm 000m E000 m: . . . . . . . . . .00_:>::0u000m . . . . . . . . . . .0:0:0000:0 00500500000»-

:0:<-.00§: 30:0.» 00000- .0100: 0:60 00000-00000 0: . . . . . . . 3.0:?» 00:00:08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0000-00=0== 0:00:03:

CV :0: :5: 000003 6000 rm can 0.000 3:00 m: . . . . . .. 030003 0.0000003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .000:00:0_ 00:00:05.
0:05. 00:00 E00 000 000M £3000 000.0
E00: 003000 00 000i 0:303 0:00: 0000000000 0:00: 0:::0:0w
0030i 00 000000000»:
00:? :0.00000:0:.0O .m 380E

 

wuflflvfw-arvTY

vv-vww-ywvw-vwwiwwm

 

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS 57

Bougainvillea, (Bougainmllea spectabilis). A tropical vine 0r
shrub with showy purple flowers borne continuously. Useful only
in the southern part of the area because it is tender below 25° F.
There are also varieties with crimson or white flowers.

Grapes, (Vitis spp.). Only native vines of mustang (V. candi-
arms), canyon grape, (V. berlandieri), or LaPryor, Champanel, or
Dog Ridge (V. c/zampini), grapes are recommended as resistant to
root rot. Of these, only Champanel produces much fruit. If fruit-
ing varieties are desired they should be grafted on one of the above.
Leafhoppers cause some trouble in the late summer and fall. Grapes
give quick summer shade and may at the same time produce fruit.

Kudzu, (Pueraria thunbergii). Introduced; any soil; very rapid
growth; deciduous; flowers in purple panicles, summer and fall;

grown from seeds or rooted shoots. This is the quickest growing»

vine the Winter Garden station has tried. It is highly recommended
for an arbor or_ trellis.

Queens Wreath, (Antigonon leptopus). (Figure 28). Native
to Mexico; any soil; rapid growth; freezes to ground each winter;
flowers red or pink, profuse throughout summer and fall; grows
from underground tuber; also from seeds. The showiest and most
desirable vine that can be grown here. i

Roses, Climbing, (Rosa spp.). There is a wide choice in climb-
ing roses which do especially well in sandy soils in this area. A very
hardy variety is the Dr. W. Van Fleet, a light pink rose that blooms
only in the spring. Climbing varieties are available“ that bloom ‘con-
tinuously. lt will be difficult to grow these on very heavy limy soils.

Yerba del Buey, (Cissus incisa). Native; any soil; freezes to
ground each winter; rapid growth; dense dark green foliage; grows
from large tuber underground; will climb about 10 feet. It clings
well to stucco or brick walls.

Annual Vines. There are many annual vines that can be used
temporarily, and must be planted from seed each year. Some of the
best ones are cypress vine, balsam vine, morning glory, “caracola”
or snailvine, and “tulipan.”

Bulbs

Some of the most satisfactory of all flowering plants are those
propagated from bulbs, tubers or roots. They ..grow more quickly
and have showy flowers for cutting. Some are potted and grown in-
doors, but in this mild climate most can be grown easily outdoors
(3). The more commonly grown bulbs in the Winter Garden area

58 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

 

   

    

  

 

  
  

  

0.0.0:. £55m >504: .000m...»4:n 004:3 :0.“ .»:0 N . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.440002 . . . . 6V 000400005: 000502

Avnzflmws QflQHQTQE -.—QQ®I>Q_§Q  QwnT-QD . . . . - . . . . . . . m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .QQ@=QH@UH . . . . . . . . .  ahQa@am 

0.2007“ 00050005 0:100 :0::R05: =0.“ .»:0 n . . . . . . . . . . . ..2:-0040:w . . . . . . . . . . . . AZV 0004:0005 0005.502

05:0 .3 2:040 000500 03:3 =0.“ 000:0 0.500 m . . . . . . ..2: 4000M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I~0V 04000.- 5:04:

055000400 05040 05500 003000 =0.“ 000:0 0500 w . . . . . . . . ..»4: 000000: . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30V 5:::00500 554: .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00000005 000000 03:3 =0.“ 000:0 “500 n . . . . . . . . . .. 1.2: 500000 . . . . . .. . . 00V .050.» 550500000504 5:::~.

000500 00050005 05500 02:0» 000-0000 44:.“ 0 . . . . . . . . . .2: 0500002 . . . . . . . . . . . 40V 0500:2500 53::

.0::0 00000005 05500 003 :0.“ :0.“ 4 . . . . . . .::m 0:0 .“0 .3040 . . . . . . . . 20V 00040:: 005000000:

00:00. :0:0m 00050005 505500 005 .»:0 000:0 .500 a . . . . . . . . . . . . ..2:-:050H . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 0:50.»: 00054500

00:500.. 500m 0050005 00:00 000:0.» 440.“ :0.“ N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .00: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230V .000 00G

.2002 00050005 0::500-..00::3 05:50.: 5050:4400 :0.“ N . . . . . . . . . . 0:5: :0“:Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555:0? 0:50

4:002 00050005 05500-5050: 000050.» :0.“ .»:0 N . . . . 20:5: 000500: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0050:5500 0:50

050m 000004005 05500 0:00.50.» 440.“ 44:.“ 4 . . . . . 0044:5050. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5503?» 5:550:00!

0:00. 0050005 0:100 00:000-440.» 440.4 000:0 0000 0 . . . . . . . . ..»4: 00G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .000 004400050500“

025.2. .0050. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:350.» 05500 000:0 0:00 0:0.» . . . . . . . . . . . . ..»:4 .3040 . . . . . . . 0V 0:0:0::00:005 00005040

0005.2 500w 2:040 505500005500 0:250.» 0000:0440.“ 44:.“ m . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0:40:0040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .000 03000040
00:500. :0:0m 2:040 05500 00:“? 5005:3440.“ .»:0 0 . .  .:“-_.;00.»: 5055:w . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6V 0:000:00 0500400
0:558:00 0050005 05500 00.. =00 000:0 0500 N . . . . . . . . . . . . .0440: 00: . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..»0V 0.»5:00.. 00:04:20.0
00:58:00 00050005 05.500 004305 :0.“ 000:0 0:00 N . . . . . . . . .0440: :0:00:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20V 00040005004 0:04:25:
firvwhna< genwnvm ~mwF~Q~Q Niwhawm mnnQTnfl>   a . . . . . . . . . . . . .fl@WQmw|-r@ . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . .  ‘mam .N@WQUH»§
0350400 2:040 :0C0 0:50.: 0:000 000:0 N . . . . . . .2: 5.0050. . . 20V 00500053 0000:5050 0:00:03:
0:00. 2:040 :0.“ 0:550.» 05:00 .»:0 v . .0::0D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I000 0:45:00

50:02 0:00. 00000005 05500-5005.: 0:00.50.» 440.“ .»:0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0:0050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20V .00 0:00.00

0005.2 :0:0w 00000005 05:00 03:: 440.“ .»:0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2: 400:0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5::0.:0:04 5:550

0400:»... 00050005 440.“-5055:0 04:00 0:100 .»:0 N . . . . . . . . . . . . ..»4: 400:4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5:4:“0:._:5: 5:550

00005:w 00050005 44003005550 040:0 05500 .»:0 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . ..»4: 400:< . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ADV 04:00:50 5:550

0:00. 00000005 3:040 000:0.“V 05500 44:.“ N . . . . . . . . . .500 0550:0040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5:0:04:000 000000400

04:0 2:040 4400-5055000 0:250.» 0:05.40 44:.“ v . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00:00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .000 00:00
000x02 0:0: 055:0 .2500 30:0.» 05500 44:: 0 . . . . .0000:502 5000002 . . . . . . . . . . . . 20V 0:00:00: 0550:0200
0:00:54... “:0: 0:05.40 B0440.» =00 44:.“ “ . . . . . . . . . ..»4: 00000502 . . . . . . . . . . 30V 020055004 0350:0200

05:00:00 00050005 05:00 30440.» 440.“ .»:0 “ . . . . . . . . . . . .000.“ 030:0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20V 00000:: 0000000:

05:00:00 0050005 0:050 0004 0:4: 440.“ .»:0 0 . . . . . 00000050 000.501 . . . . . . . . . . . . 16V 0050:0500 003005:

00:02 00050005 :0.“ 005 05000 44:.“ N . . . . . . . .. . . 000:0 40500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AOV 0500040 05.00000

0005.400 :0:0m 00050005 05.500 0:350.» =0.“ 44:.“ “ . . . . . . . . 03000040 240m“ . . . . . . . . . . . . . AOV 0005000 055.030:

5:030 .2002 00050005 05500 0:350.» 5000:3440.“ .»:0 0 . . . . . . . 0:050:00 00000 . . . . . . . . . . . . 20V 0050:0500 0:050:00.
0005.2 £00m 00050005 5055:0 0005 505:» .
:0 =0.“ .»:0 N . . . . . . . 2.2: 550004400 . . . . . . . . . . . 20V 050000.440: m:4.».505<

00:50:50.. :0:0w 2:040 05500 0:00:50.» =0.“ 000:0 “TN . . . . . . . . . . .0.:505005004< . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6V .000 0:005005004<
.. 0.»:0Z 2:040 05500 0005 440.“ .»:0 N . . . . . . 5050 .0 000M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AZV :5:::5.00 5::4<
035:0 :0:0w :05: 50:55-50 0:4: ..502-.:0n .»:0 m . . . . . . . .0:Z.0:0..“0-.»:.~ . . . . . . . . . . . ~0V 0:000:00 0::0:0000<

05:00:05 50400 0:040 00 0.500000 000.“
50:0 400w :0000m 050304.: :0000w ::m 4:000: 050: :05500 0:50: 00:50:05
005000:

0000.: U006 00004:.» .0530 .® 072.05

59

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

503050 >..:0.0.30 .3. :0..0.m 5055.030... :0 =30.» .07. 6.

.0>..0Z AZ.

0...... 5.8m
00...... ...:0m
00...... 5.5m
09...... 5.5m
00...... .550
00.002
3.3. 5.5m
00.002
00...... 5.6m
00.00....
0.002
4.002

4.502

0.0.0505

5:03
0.0.0505
0.0.0505

3:03
0.0.053:

5:03

.3503
0.0.0505
0.0.0505
0.0.0505
0.0.0505
0.0.0505
0.0.0505

0.0.053:

00.30

0:0

.055:0
.055.»
.055:0
.055:0.m:....0
.055:0 3.00
0:0::..:00
0......

0530

.055:0
9:55.05...»
.055:0-u:.30
0.......0...2...>

05.30

000.
0......»
003.0.»
50.

50..
00:03-50.
0:0..0>
00:03
50..
03......»
50.

0......»
0...?»
0:0..0>

2....

.0..:.3|=0..

=0.

:0.

050:0
053.0 50..
:0.

:0.

053.0 50..

F‘ NNMNmv-IMNMNv-IvNu-I

. . . . . . . . . . . . m........-..0N
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .>...|0=0U

. . . . . . ......-........._2....8m
. . . . . . . . . . . .0..0....:02

 . . . . ...030..|.0u....

. . . . . . 100.530». .0 5.5.

. . . . . . . . . . .. . 52:005..

. . . . . . . . .....030..-5:0>>

 . . . . . . 1.2.7.503

. . 00305:...

. . . . . . 505012373103
-.-. . . - - --.i@:v:°H

.0:00.0.0Z 55050..

. . . . . . . 3.5.00.2. 030.9

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z0000. 00...:0.......0N

. - - . - . . . . . . . - . .   

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 0.5.0.03

. . . . . . . . . . 2A0. 0.325....» 0.5.05.0.»

. . . . . 1A0. 30.3.33. 000.0030 30:0.»
. . . .. 6v 5000.0 12.03505... 050......
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . .  aawnnv>ޤ 

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . AU. 0.5.00. 0.0.20.5

. . . . . . . . . . . 6. 05.00.0053. 020x030.

. . . - . - - - ¢ ¢ ¢ . 1   

. . . . . . . . . . . .6. 005.0000 0.....00u...0m

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.000.000. 00:50:00.

. . . . . . . . . . .5:.0..0..5: 530005.120

...... . . . . . . . . . .  QnwQUmO-nfiz
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .  IQmva-Ufihwnwfl whGUDn-z

60 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

are Belladonna lily (Amaryllis belladonna), Canna, Angel lily,
(Crinum), Dahlia, Gladiolus, bearded iris (7), Dutch iris, lilies,
narcissus, Star 0f Bethlehem (Omitkogalum) and tuberose (Poli-

ant/aes). Some of these are also grown commercially for cut flow-
ers.

Herbaceous Plants Grown from Seed

Practically all of this group are annuals in the Winter Garden
area because of high summer temperatures that are unfavorable to
perennial growth. As will be noted in Table 7, most of them should
be planted in the fall. Many will be found in any catalog specializ-
ing in flower seeds. A few of the more recent introductions will be
listed only by seedsmen specializing in plants not commonly culti-
vated. Of course, one can always collect his own seed from the native
varieties.

The more commonly planted sorts can be grouped as follows for
convenience :

Spring flowers: Ageratum, hollyhock, snapdragon, Antirr/z-i-
1mm, pot marigold, Calendula, corn flower, Centaurea, larkspur,

carnation, California poppy, candytuft, sweet pea, bluebonnet, ori-
ental poppy, petunia, phlox, sage, verbena, violet and pansy.

Figure 44.

Lawn grass test plots at the Winter Garden station.

. ml. IIiIr-A4\J‘V\‘I>IA:4MAM_ QAJQJAAAJALJL. ., ..~ .1.

 ..'_.'.......i..:...'.’.. .. . 

 

,
‘-l'nt..‘i¢u'x_~lnfi‘fl 4.11“ -.‘., '~ l .

 

 

61

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

ZNNhm  nnvmvamm  ._Q~m|@w=Nh-U  a“@ NnhTuQQ . . . . . . . . . . . .flmxuv%g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  -A_QU @@3U%Q

0000000300 =3 00000.00 . . . . . . . . 05.005 =3-.0055:0 000.00: 0:050 . . . . .005 0000-0000050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A00 050000000 00:00-05

QflOnn-mm .W 25w ~50 fiN M50005? =duuwflmuflw aflfl =6u . . . . . . . . Qmnvmafliufio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .m5=.n-=~O.mhfl0 mn-JQGGMQ

050.0000 .w =3 :0: 0N 0:00.00.» 0:050 000.00: =3 . . . . 15000-03 503m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .00000:00: 0::00000n-

050.500 .m =3 :0: 0m 0:00.00.» 0:050 000.00: =0.- . . . . . . . . . 50:000-000.- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0000? 5:0:0:0-0D

0005.0. =3 .00:.5:-0:0 w- 000:3 .0055:0 000.00: 0:050 . 000- 0.0::< :00:G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Z0 000.000 0000:00-

000< .0 :3 000000-00: 0N 0:00.00.» 0:050 000.00: :3 . . . . . . . . . . . ..00:

05-000.00.- 00050-0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 0-0:050 5:05-00:00
00:3 =3 5:5: w: 30:0.» =00..0055:0 000.00: .0055:0
_ 0:050 . .005 00030 :0:-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .00-0:0000.-0 0000-00000

00005:»- =3 5:5: 0w 0000000.» 003355550 000.00: 555:0 . . . . . . . . . . 005000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .050 005000

0.»000Z =3 0:0 0m .-0.»-:30.0: 0:050 000.00: =3 . . . . . . . . . .000500=00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Z0 005000000 000500.50

0005.0. =3 0:0 mu 30-0.» 0:050 000.00: =3 . . . . . . . . . .000500.000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Z0 0500030000 000500.50

00050.08 =3 0000-3 m0 0:-: 555:0 000.00: 0000.50 . . . . . . 0-000: 050-0.: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..0:0.0:.»: 0:0_00

000000.00. =3 5:5: w: 00:05 555:0 000.00: 0000.50 . . . . . .0030:-.00:05m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . A00 0000:0000 0500-0

000:0.0.».m =3 0:0 0m 000:3 0:050 000.00: =3 . . . . . . ..»000: 00000-m . . . . . . . . . . . .5:500005 5:50:0:00.».0:0

.00:0->- =3 0:0 0m 0:00.000: =0.- 00000: 0000.50 . . . . . . ..»000: :30.0O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..5:50:0:00.».0:0

0000.000.»- :3 0:0 0m 0:00.00.» 555:0 000.00: 0000.50 . . . . . .0.».0:0 -0:::4 . . . . . . . . . . 1530:0000 5:50:0:00.».0:0

0005.0. =3 0:00.00 . . . . . . . . 05.005 555:0 000.00: 0:050 . . . . .005 00000 00:0 . . . . . . . . . . . AZV 00000000000000? 050000500

0:00.00 =3 0:0 0N 0:00.00.» 00.00.50 000.00: =00 . . . . . .0000-:0 503m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..000:0n05 00.50500

0.50:0 .00 .w =3 0:0-:0: 0m 0:00.000: 0:00.00 000.00: =0.- . . . . . . . .0030::.00o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0::0.»0 00.50500

00050.00. =3 .0050 0m :00 555:0 000.00: 0:050 . . . . . . . . . .:500u00 . . . . . . . . . .000000.00 .00.» 000050.00 0000-00

00000.: =3 .0050 om 000:0.- :0.0 .0055:0 000.00: 0:050 . . . . . . . . . .000:-00-0:O . . . . . . 0 . . AZV .000.» 050000050.- 5:000:00

0000.0. =3 :0: o0 0050:: 0000.50 000.00: =3 . . . . . . .. . 5:0 0000.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Z0 0000030300 00:00:00

050.030 .m =3 0:0 m0 30-0.» 0:050 000.00: =0.- . . . . . . .-0_000.:::.000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0000:0050 05:05-00

.m .9 =3 5:5: 0m 0:00.00.» 0:050 000.00: =0..- . . . . Z5000 0:00-00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .050:-00000- 00050-0»-

000000 .000: :0: m0 0:00.00.» 0000:5500 00000: 0:05 . . . . . . . . 308020
0350035.»: . . . . . . . . . . . A00 0:05:55500 3:000»-
00055. =3 5:5: m0 300-0.» 0:050 000.00: 50:03 . . . . . . . 000::- :-0>> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AZV 00000000: 0000050:

000.0.-< .m 0.005-003 0:0 N0. 000.05: :00 50:03 00: 0:050 . . . . .005.- 0000000203. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:005:05 005000504

00050.00. 0.005-003 0:0 0m 00:05 :00 0000.50 000.00: 0000.50 . ..»:500:: 0000-0000: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A00 00500000000 00050-000.

0>000Z =3 :0: on 000:3-:0.0 0:050 000.00: =0.- . . . . . £5505 .»-0-00.0m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Z0 .550 0:050:04

0000.2 .w =3 0:0 0m 000:3-0:-: 0:050 000.00: =0.- . . . . . ..»000: 00000.00: 3-00 00:00.20 00> 0000005500000 00500.5

0.»000Z =3 0:0-:0: on 00:03-00:00- u:0.50 000.00: =3 .3000: 000:3 0: 00000.0 . . . . . . . . . . :9: 00005:: 00000500005000»:

00:02 :3 0:0 0m 0:00.00.» 0:050 000.00: =0.- . . . . . . . .000u0.0:50:m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0000.05 5::0:.0.000:<

0>000Z =3 .0050 0N 30:0.» 0:050 000.00: =3 . . . . . . ..»000: .5050: . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Z0 0500000 000-0-0.»-:5<

00050.05. 0.3 0000: 00. :00 555:0 000.00: 0:050 . .m:0:00-:-000-.0.»0: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:00:35 0::0:0.005<

050:0 =3 .0050 N0. 0:00.00.» 0:050 000.00: =00 . . . . . . . . .0.-00:.»=00.~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0000.0 00:07.

00000:»- =3 :0: m0 0:0: 0:050 000.00: =3 . . . . . . . . 25:00.50: . . . . . . . . . . . . . .500:00:000:0: 5:00.500.

0505m- =3 :0: m0 000:3 0w .00.» 555:0 000.00: =3 . . . . . . . . . . 130.000.: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .550 00=0:0<

00000000000 =3 :0: w 00:00- 0000.000 000.00: =3 . . . . ..0:0:.00.»-::0m . . . . . . . . . . . 000 .000.» 0000-00-5: 00:00:<
. 00:0 00 00000000 5-00 050.0. :0:000>- 050.0.
00000.00 00:00:00 00D 000.530 050: :05500 050: 00005000m
0:000! 05300.: 0:00:05

00000 50.00 0033M 00:05 0000000050.:

.0. 00:09

62 BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

:00:0:000Ov|I0000 500.0 0300M 0000:»: 0000000302

.0 .2000

00:000. .w :3 .0000 vN 0:00:00.» :3-0055:0 000 0000:? . . . . . . . . . 5300000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .000 5300:0050»:

0:002 =3 00: on 000 M3000 000:0 =3 . . . . .0005: :0000:0O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:300:00 00.0000

0:002 =3 00: 0N 0:0:00> M3000 000:0 :0: . . . 00005:00 M0503: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AZv .000 00030000

0:39 =3 00.»00 m 0::: M0:000 000:0 M0100 . . . . . . . . . . . .000:02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 6v 00030000: 00032

03002 .»00 00000: 0n 0:00:00.» 00:05:01. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

. . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INnuTnQW aUQ-nwmv unmwhaW . . . . . . . .Q=@EIQQHQ= . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  -QQQ Qwvhfiuuav:

00:002 =3 00000: on 0:200.» :00-0055:0 000:0 M3000 . . . . . . .0:00:0.0 0:00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0020:. 0:300:02

-Q@UQE  nvQé  RC=Q~A Mimuim unwmwuwwu  . . . . . . . . . ..$U%LQ>QvE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2mm fimhfiUT-wflz

0000:: .w =3 00: 00 0:0:00.» M5000 000:0 =3 . . .0:0000 00:00..» 00H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6v 00000: 033002

0:002 =3 00: 00 0:3 M3000 000:0 =3 . . . . . . . .000-00:002: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. :2v 0:000:30 0:0:0:A

00000:: =3 00: 0N 0::: M0:000 000:0 :0: . . . . .00: 350000»: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0000000 5:03

00:0.:< .2 :3 00: 0m 0:0:00.» M3000 000:0 :3 . . . . .000 M0:00>»0:...~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5:00::0000M 5:03
00:002 =3 0:0 0N 80:0.» 0055:0
lWnnT-QD wUQh@%v . . .  . . . . . . . . . . .§:Ul-Ham . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  fimfifinQw QLQE@U§@:@Q

0000002 =3 00: N: 0:200.» . M3000 000:0 M00000 . . .00M0000000 0:003 . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . AOv 000000005 0:003:

0:002 =3 0:0 0N 0:0:00> M5000 000:0 =3 . . .. . . .00000.»0: 00m . . . . . . . . 6v :00:00:mv 0.00:0:0 50:00:00:

0:00: :3 0:> cwlmN 0:0:00.» M3000 000:0 =0: . . . . . . . . .000 0003M .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:00.500 0:00:00:

0005B :3 00000: on 0M0:0: =0.:-0055:0 000:0 M0:000 . .. 00000.»0 0055:m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12000000 0300M

00:00.5. =3 000000 00:.» 0:0:00.» ::0:|0055:0 0000:0 M3000 . . . . ..»00:M M0:0002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .000 000500:

0:0< .0000. 0.50:3 00: w: 0:0:00.» M0:000 0000:0 05000 . . . . . . . . . . .5003: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .00:500:0: 0000:0005:

£200 =3 00: 0: 00:: M5000 000:0 :00 0.5000000 000:00::U . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .00:000:00::M 0:00::

0000:: .m =3 00: w: 0:00:00.» M0:000 000:0 =00 . . . . . . . . .0.::0.»000O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..000::0:5: 0:003

00:002 :3 00: 0N 30:0.» M0:000 0000:0 :0: . . . . . . . ..»0000.0:::.~. . . . . . . . . . . .0::0.:00:005:.: 0100050003.:
0:002 =3 0:00: cmlan 0:0:00.» ::0.:-0055:0 000:0 M0:000 . . . . . . 05:05.05: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :2v .000 0:003:00
0:0000:< :3 0:0 vN 0:300.» M5000 000:0 M0:000 . . . . . . .00.$0:u>»000w . . . I 6v :5::0::0000<v :0000 5:005:02
0:0000:< :3 0:0 w: 0:00:00.» M3000 0000:0 M3000 . . . . . . . . . .M0:000:
-00.»0 00.»:0 003w . . AOv :0:00000:Gv ::00:M005 5:500:02
0:030:00 :3 0:0 0n 000:0?» 555:0
-M0:000 000:0 M3000 . . . . . . .0030:>»000m . . . . . . . . . . 30v 0030:0000: 5:0.»0:0:0m~
0.»:002 =3 0:0 m0. 30:0.» 005500 000:0 M3000 00.000050 00:00:52 :2v0:::0.::005:0:0 .00.» 0:300 0:300:02
0:000:00 :3 0:0 0N 0:0:0-00::.»» M0:000 000:0 =0: . .  .:0000:|0..»:0m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .000M0:0 0:::0000.»U

:00.»0000.:. :3 0:0 w: 0:0:00.» M5000 00: 0000:? . ....»0:00 :00.»0000H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AOv :000050.~ 0:00:30

00:0.:< .m =3 0:000: a 0:00:00.» 0055:0 00: 0000:? . . . . . . . . . . 050000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30v .000 0:000:00

0:002 :3 000003.000 3.. 000 M0:000 000:0 :3 . . .:00:>»-00: 00:03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A2v 0=0:0::0 0:000::0U

0.»:002 =3 00000: 0m 00::.»» M5000 000:0 =0: . . . . . .000000-00:00m . . . . . . . . . . . 42v ::00055:00 0:03:00:-
00:0.:< .m =3 0:0 0N 0::: M5000 000:0 =3 . . .00:00:M002 0:5 . . . . . . AOv :00:00M<v 000:0::050 0:0::0...:
00:002 0000-=3 00000: 0N 000 0055:0 000:0 .»00 . . . . 0:000:30 0:00 . . . . . . . . . . . . AZv 0=.»:000000: 0300:03-
000n:0< =3 00: N: 30:0.» M5000 000:0 :3 . 2.00000 0:003:00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00:53:00 05300000000:
500w :3 00: N: 00000.»0: M0:000 000:0 =0: 0030:-::0B :0:000m. . AOv 5:::3:0: :0::0000:0:Dv 5000:0000:
00:000. .2 :3 .0000 0:. 003i 005500
-M::000 000:0 :3 . 0:003: 0:0:M 000:0 . . . . . .  . 6v 0::0:0000000:00 000030:
0:0 00 00:00: 00:00 05:0. 00:002 05:0.
0:M:0O 00000000: 00D 0M000>0 0500 005500 0500 0::000:0w
0:302 00030:»: M0:000:-

63

ORNAMENTALS FOR SOUTHWEST TEXAS

Iii-Fir . _.

.w050w0 .»=:0.=550 2-: :0223w 50025022 0:0 :0 5:05 52 6V

.0222 9:

02:02
0.220 2

0022<
0059i.
$355
m0u0a.

8:2 .m
flO@.-0E< .m

00.002
02x02
002x02
002x02

0:022:02

mnm00:0O

0.220 2
0.25 2
0.25 2

02002
m050.i.
02...; .2
m0505.
5500.2.

SNHLm

0.25 2
002:: m
0.25 2
0.22.5.2.
0050-2
05:02-00

. 000.352

0w0:m
.:=.-_=.:
=3
:0.“
=8
=3
=3

E

25-w0:
.5w._0:
5E0:
w0:
w0:
5w5:
w0:

2-0

w0:
2525:

2-0
5E0:
25-200:
2.0.50:
25

25

wo:

w0:

25

w0:
5w5:
2-0
2:02
2:02

w0:

w0:
w0:
w0:
w0:
._0w._0:
w0:

5-020.»
30:0.»
0:020.»

0:020.»

w0.T0w:0..0
30:0.»
w0.T._0.»
£0-20.»
03:
5-02.00.»
10.702:
0525-022:
:B0::-._0.»

2020.2 w0._
00020.:
.325.»
..$-w0..

0.2:

322:0.»

w0._
0.2:
0:025.»
M5020.»
0:02.25
0-2:

m:0::2:00
v2.50
025m
925m
55:20:00
925m
w25m
5.002500
w25m
025m
-552?
555:5
55:20:00
55:20:00
52:52:00
925m
925m
025m
025m
.555:m
5.25m
:05
:0.T555:m
025m
00002500
0:552:00

.5555
$2.5m
=0.7w2.5m
00002500
025m
m-2.5m
025m
025m

50.2w

50.2w
502w
502w
502w
502w
50.2w
50.2w
50.2w
502w

50.2w
50.2w
502w
50.2w
50.2w
502w

502w
50.2w

:02
50.2w
50.2w
502w
50.2w

025m

055m

525m
.»:0

. . . . . . . . . . . .02:2N
. - . . . 4  
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 
. . . . . . . . . . . . .5202.»
.........0_2:2B25h
. . . . . . . . . .w00.$:0.2
. . . . . . . . . . .0:0:5>
......»m20w :0._0:02
. . . . . . . . . . . 0552a

. . . . . . . .5~25:502
5530255 E5252
. .w_0w2._05 502x02

. . . .2025: 20:00.:

. . 2:03:05 :002.2<
. . . . .1550 moxgw
. ..530w-:02:m=0-2m
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 000m
.......2::55 w=>>

. . . . . . . 5530:2500
. . . . . . 5:05-00:02
. . . . . . 5009:0500
. ~ - » - ~ - - 
. . . . (5:52 :0_..00m
. . . . . .:0_000:0O..
..5B0u-=0:w

.........0m0._ mm02
. . . . . . . . mr55.»_0m

. . . . . . . . .0m0:5:_h

. . . . . . . . . . . . Q0272

. . . . . . . . . . .02::5h

. . . . . .0:m:0~-w._00m

. . . . . .0:u:0?w..00fl

 

  

. - - - < > - . - . - . ~ . - - - . - - ~ ~ .  
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 32V 50:00.00 0522500»

. . . 00:02.2 22>
. . . 0220200 22>
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0000.- 52>

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ADV 0200552 02:0:.5>

. . . . . . . . . . - . . . . .   

. . . . . . . . . . . . . ADV 5-50-2500 5~2w50>

. . - . - _ . . ~ . ‘ . . . . . . . - . . .   

. . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

. . . . . .. A0m02000mV 0:005:05: 050.222.

. . . . . . . . . .. 2.25:: 0:25:00 5500a.

. _ . . . . . . . . . . . . .0525 m05u0P

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1050.5 5500a.

. . . . . . . . . 30V 2.50- 2520i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50m 0m0E00m

. . . . . . . . . . . - - . . . . . . . . . .   

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  QQQQ “@—@Q=m

. - - . . < - . . . ~ . - . - . . . .   
. . . . . . . . . 32V 225:: 02.22
. . . . . . .... 0255500 002022
. . . . . . . . . . . . 0220200 0w0m0fi
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25520000 5200527:

   

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N=NON.~NO M~IOQWGJQ

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0._0w2w:0._u 00025::-

. . . . . .. ........»2V 0:000: m2._05.»_0m

. . . . . . . . . ..m2m:0000 000.2530:

. . . . . . .. AZV 22505555 00in:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02.5.»: 05:54.:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .  zuQka-nfig F-QEQQQQQQ

. . . . . . . . . . ADV 052.250.5002 2550550»:

   

64 i BULLETIN NO. 695, TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

 

Summer flowers: coxcomb, Celosia, annual chrysantheinum, Quee
Anne’s lace, cosmos, Crotalaria, sunflower, rose-mallow, morning
glory, four o’clock, geranium Pelargonium and Zinnia. i

 

zinnia. In the fall, the native rouge plant (Rizrinuz lzznnilis). 
especially showy with its clusters of bright red fruits. i‘

Nasturtiums bloom in the winter and early spring.

Lawns

     

There are only a few grasses useful for lawns in the Southwe f,
Texas area (Figure 44). The outstanding one is St. Augustimii
(S tenomp/zrum seaumiatum), which is often erroneously called car-l
pet grass. This grass is at home on any soil type, and thrives 
either sun or shade (Figure 416). It makes no seed and can be;
grown only from rootedcuttings, or divisions which are usually set;
in the pspringiabout I2 inches apart each way. Most of the Souths,
Texasiinurserymen have this grass available.

  

   

Centipede grass is useful on sandy soils, but should not be plant--

£

ed on heavy soils. v f;

Bermuda grass is universally used because it is easily availableg
lt requires frequent mowing for an attractive lawn and does not
endure shade or heavy traffic. Bermuda grass also is a troublesome.
weed, whereas St. Augustine and Centipede cause no trouble 
this respect. i

    
  
  

A grass new to South Texas, Zoysia matrella, is creating" cons’;
siderable interest. It is a fine-leaved grass of velvety appearance?
that requires practically no mowing, but is rather expensive to plant,
at present since it can only be grown from pieces of sod. i

     
    
  

Bibliography 

   
  
  
   

1. ‘Bailey, L. H. and Bailey, E. Z. 1941. Hortus second. Macmillan, New;
York. 778 pp. ‘

2. Butterfield, H. M. 1940. Home floriculture in California. Calif. Agra.
Ext. Serv. Cir. 53. 19o pp. indexed. l
3. Friend, W. H. 1942. Plants of ornamental value for the Rio Grande;
Valley of Texas. Texas Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 609. "

4. Parks, H. B. 1937. Valuable plants native to Texas. Texas Agr. 
Sta. Bul. 551. ' . "

5. Ratsek, J. C. 1940. Rose growing for the home gardener. Texas Agra
Exp. Sta. Cir. 9o. ‘ 
6. Taubenhaus, J. I. 1936. Rating of plants with reference to resistance 4
to root rot. Texas Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 527. 1

7. Yarnell, S. H. 1942. Adaptability studies with bearded iris in Texas.
Texas Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 615. '