TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS. I BULLETIN N '0. 45. DECEMBER, 1397. COTTQN EXPERIMENTS E FERTILIZERS. VARIETIES. DISTANCE. CORN EXPERIMENTS. POSTOFFIOE: COLLEGE STATION, BRAZOS 00.. TEXAS. Reports from this Station are sent free to farmers of the State on application to J. H. OONNELL, DIRECTOR, P. O. College Station, Texas. AUSTIN: BEN c. JONES s; co., STATE PRINTERS 1898 [975] TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS. OFFICERS. GOVERNING BOARD . (BOARD OF DIRECTORS A. & M. COLLEGE.) HON. F. A. REICHARDT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ _ _ , _ _ , _ _ . “Houston, HON. W. R. CAVITT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Bryan. HON. F. P. HOLLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dallas. HON. GEO. C. PENDLETON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Be1t0n. HON. CHAS. ROGAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Brownwood. HON. J EFF. JOHNSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Austin. STATION STAFF. THE PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE. J. H. CONNELL, M. Sc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .; . . . . . . .Director. H. H. HARRINGTON, M. SO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chemist. M. FRANCIS, D. V. M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Veterinarian. R. H. PRIOE,B. S...........................................ILI0rticu1turist. B. C. PITTUCK. B. S. A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . Agriculturist. P. S. TILSON, M. S . . . . . . . _ _ . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Associate Chemist. H. NEss, B. S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assistant Horticulturist. H. C. KYLE, B. S. A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Foreman Of Farm. C.C.'1‘O1)D, B.S...... ..............Assistant Chemist. J. G. HARRISON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bookkeeper. SUPERINTENDENT OF BEEVILLE STATION. S. A. 1\IcHENRY.... .........Beevi11e, Bee Co. NOTE.— The ntain station is located on the grounds of the Agricultzlral and Mechanical College in Brazos County. The postofiice address is College Station, Texas. . [976] COTTON AND CORN EXPERIMENTS-Bi)? BY B. C. PITTUCK. The following field experiments were carried on at this Station during the season of 1897 : 1. A “variety and distance?’ test on cotton. Five varieties (Bohemian, Jones’ Improved, Welborn’s Pet, Peterkin Limbed Cluster, and Texas Oak) were used, the distance varying from feet to 4x8 feet. 2. A “Fertilizer” test 011 cotton. One variety (Bohemian) was used, and planted in four-foot rows and two feet between hills. Varying forms and amounts of the elements nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash were applied. 3. A “Fertilizer” test 011 corn. One variety (Golden Beauty —— a Northern grown seed corn purchased of a Southern seed house) was used. Fertilizers in various forms and amounts were applied, both singly and in combination. - I. Bohemian, Wielborn’s Pet and Peterkin Limbed Cluster made largest yields when planted in three-foot rows and two feet in the drill; Texas Oak, four-foot rows and two feet in the drill; Jones’ Improved, four-foot rows and three feet in the drill. ' n. The largest individual yield (738.5 lbs. seed lint) in cotton fertilizer test was given by a single application of phosphoric acid in the form of b011e black, at the rate of 500 pounds per acre. Of the nitrogenous fer- tilizers, cotton seed meal at the rate of 500 laounds per acre, gave the largest yield—711.6 pounds seed lint. Of the potash fertilizers, cotton seed hull ashes, at the rate of 500 pounds per acre, gave the largest yield- 67 0.1 pounds seed lint. Of the complete fertilizers, acid phosphate, 200 pounds per acre, and stable manure, HMO pounds per acre, gave the larg- est yield—665.5 pounds seed. lint. III. The largest individual yield (37.2 bushels) in corn fertilizer test was given by a single application of phosphoric acid applied at the rate of 500 pounds per acre. [977] 978 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. Of the nitrogenous fertilizers, stable manure, at the rate of 4000 pounds per acre, gave the largest yield—27.7 bushels. Of the potash fertilizers, cotton seed hull ashes, at the rate of 500 pounds per acre, gave the largest yield——24.8 bushels. Of the complete fertilizers, kainit, 100 pounds; acid phosphate, 400 pounds; muriate of potash, 150 pounds; gave largest yield—26.6 bushels. EXPERIMENTS WITH COTTON. The tables on pages 993 and 99a give the farmer a clear insight into the seasons during the year. It will be noticed. by consulting the meteorologi- cal table, No. 1, that we had a heavy rain on January 2d, followed by light showers on the 3d instant. On the 8th instant, subsoiling was begun, the ground being still wet from previous rains. The breaking and subsoil- ing was exceedingly difficult, and continued until the 19th instant. In this land, the subsoiler was run to a depth of fourteen inches. The field was laid. off into one-tenth acre plots, with four-foot space between each. On April 7th all plots were harrowed with spring-tooth harrow, and planted by hand, and covered to a depth of three and a half inches with a small turning plow. This left a balk of twelve inches between the ridges, which gave ample room for free circulation of air. The stiff norther of April 8th, and dry conditions of surface soil which fol- lowed, caused us to pack these ridges by rolling a heavy two-horse roller over them. This was done to favor germination by drawing a supply of water from below and increasing the capillary attraction of the surface soil. April 12th, these ridges were torn down with an Orric harrow and middles split with wide sweeps, leaving the seed about an inch and a half beneath the surface. The cool rain of April 14th chilled the soil so much that germination, which took place on April 17th, was poor and slow. Cultivation: May 3d, double sweeps were run around; May 13th, cotton chopped and thinned—Bohemian and Wellborn’s Pet left two stalks to the hill; this was followed with single sweeps running around and splitting the middles; June 3d, hoed; June 11th, run around with sweeps, leaving middles; June 15th, middles run out; June 28th, hoed. The preparation and cultivation given above applies to both “variety and distance” and fertilizer tests with cotton. All cultivation was shal- low, just deep enough-to leave a loose layer of earth on the surface to prevent the too rapid evaporation of moisture. Seed used in these experiments were procured as follows: Bohemian—Simons. College Station. Welborn’s Pet—Jeff Welborn, Lonoak, Ark. Jones’ Improved—J. F. Jones, Hogansville, Ga. Peterkin, L. C.—Alexander Drug and Seed Co._. Augusta, Ga. Texas Oak—M. G. Smith, Lightfoot. Ga. CORN AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS. 979 VARIETY AND DISTANCE TESTS. The question of the proper distance between the rows and in the drills to plant cotton has at some time agitated the mind of every farmer in the State. Each and every one has his ideas on the subject, and advocates the distance he thinks best suited to his locality. Experiments have been carried on at several of the Stations in this line, and the general results favor four-foot rows and two feet apart in the drill. Different varieties require different distances for best results, also varying according to the character of the soil. In view of the fact that this mooted question has not been tested in our State by an experiment station, an experiment was instituted, including three groups of five varieties each. The distances planted was 3x2, 4x2, and 4x3. The following table gives variety, dis- tance, pickings, yield seed lint, per cent lint, per cent seed, total lint and seed, and value of crop at market price: .25 floao E “Gm: $2.3m 03H. * 980 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. %-T.T .$|. .0? -$ -¢X .»-O.U... --: on... -¢.~.OU... 1% ¢-.- o©¢- - ¢w - -- -.. n ... ---»-¢-u-.-|---o|n.. 8...“. E .. £2 8.221.288 82$ mmégé 2 45...}... : 3Q 8.82 82.8mm 2 m: a ............w........ “mm. 3 3 873.3 2m 3 .8 MR mm m. EB 2. m mm 2. 2% 2.... “Yo? You... hfiwmmo .95.. ma? 3.0a 3 ma? ....... Eoono. nifionomTm . . m 1.. T 3...- M22 iwmmaiz“ 5 :Z........m......E.....o@... 7E .......8...w....@ .528... . h. . w . . . . w. .. 3 I 2.2 m.:.v~i.~.$.6 utwmwfixx. 2 52.2w... 2 .25 .82 8238mm? a Ewawmmhw. Ewfiww. 5% m..- x5 ms o s-v~fiO¢mdN®Fm . s 8w | 5.7 3.3 w 2...~.:...m@ 8...... 8.8 8.2a : .25 2mm .........£H...... 5 E5. mam. Q $2.. 2.2m .23 . 2.. 50w 6w... ..............................mgflwmwfifl.m .. mm 8.7% m... l 5.2 2.822% £8 @2388... .... 2.... NEON .22.... 8...... a 25588;. .95. v.2: .32. .02.... .................UQ>O.~%EH 130mm _ Wm 88.2% E .8»... 2% $3 38882.. 2 d2. 2...: : .25 $13M ..m.....$m m... 5 ma... v.82. w ..w=< wNE .85 E 2 ma». ........ 208%.. 58.22am... _ . . 1 onmmsmwmwmmmwmvmvmvavan a qA T». D I. 9 .|. flv G1 1 l H1 Q1 01 m H1 m 0+ @ W01 w 9 Q.“ m 8 8 H U..U 8 U. B m. v» 8 0 8 O 8 0 8 0 O d n» 0 J O 8 O D8 I I w w T. . n . n . n . n .8 n 1 v. .1 3% J W1 .1|...0 % H U U % W W W H U U. U Mam mm w; w m. w. m. m . . . .1 w. m m .B2.:.> wo w m§ 2K . w m. o d .m. $1.0 Q0 1m. .0. . m. $5 o5 b5 o5 $5 m a . m n n A EA MmI 1 .2 . u .2 . 32 .52.. @5283 8 u Hm m .. n. m 22E flinch 8.3a 950mm 5th .0. M . n. £830 |m§e§§~ ~22. wu.£»....c\_ CORN AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS. Bohemian was used as “check” to compare the yield of varieties. To simplify the above table, We have extracted the yields of seed lint and lint and compare them by groups. Group No. 1, planted in rows three feet" apart and two feet i11 the drill; Group No. 2, rows four feet apart and tWo feet in the drill; Group No. 3, rows four feet apart and three feet in the drill: Group N0. 1. Group No. 2. Group No. 3. 3 x 2 ft. rows. 4 x 2 rows. 4 x 3 rows. fifty‘? Lint. §ffg Lint. Lint. Bohemian (check) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 970.3 321.3 667.5 218.4 681.3 208.1 Jones’ Improved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693 .7 217.6 681.9 204.5 862.6 273.2 Welborn’s Pet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728 .2 237 .2 690.9 218 .7 708 .9 217.2 Peterkin, L. C . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 806.8 294.2 712.3 219.1 643.0 201.4 Texas Oak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546.5 204.9 613.9 213.5 537.8 184.8 ResuZts.—In this table, two comparisons can be made: 1st, as to dis- tance of planting as best suited to each variety; 2d, comparison of varie- ties as to yield. 1. Bohemian gave largest yield in Group No. 1, while Group No. 3 gave larger yield than Group No. 2. Jones’ Improved gave largest yield in Group No. 3, While Group No.‘ 1 gave larger yield than Group No. 2. Welborn’s Pet gave largest yield in Group No. 1, While Group No. 3 gave larger yield than Group No. 2. Peterkin Limbed Cluster gave largest yield in Group No. 1, While Group No. 2 gave larger yield than Group No. 3. Texas Oak gave largest yield in Group No. 2, While Group No. 1 gave larger yield than Group N o. 3. This work is not in any Way comparable with previous Work at this Station, and the results as obtained are liable to be reversed by another season’s Work. The actual difference in yield in each case varying with the distance does not warrant any conclusions to be drawn from this season’s work. The experiment will be continued next season, the results of which, compiled with the above and compared, will allow us to draw safe conclusions in regard to best distance suited to each of the above varieties. 2. Bohemian gave largest yield (970.3 pounds seed lint), in Group No. 1. Peterkin Limbed Cluster gave largest yield (712.3 pounds seed lint), in Group No. 2. Jones’ Improved gave largest yield (862.6 pounds seed lint), in Group No. 3. ' 982 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. FERTILIZER TEST : COTTON. The laws laid down by Liebig as the principles underlying the use of commercial fertilizers are as follows: “lst. A soil can be termed fertile only when it contains all the material requisite for the nutrition of plants in the required quantity and in the required form. 2d. With every crop, a portion of these ingredients is moved. A part of this portion is added again fromthe inexhaustable store of the atmosphere; another part, however, is lost forever if not replaced by man. 3d. The fertility of the soil remains unchanged if all the ingredients of a crop are given back to the land. Such a restitution is effected by manure. 4th. The manure produced in the course of hus- bandry is not sufficient to maintain permanently the fertility of the farm. It lacks the constituents which are annually exported in the shape of grain, hay, milk and live stock.” By glancing at the chemical and mechanical analyses of our soil as given on pages 990 and 991, we readily see that it lacks the requirements of a fertile soil, both chemically and physically.‘ Of the fourteen elements necessary to plant growth, nitrogen, phosphorous and potash are the cost- liest to apply in the form of commercial fertilizers and the easiest exhaust- ed by continuous croppings. Of these, we find two deficient in our soil. Considering these facts, it gives us three conditions to meet. To restore the soil fertility it is necessary that phosphoric acid and potash be ap- plied in the proper forms and the required amounts; also, that humus be added to aid in bettering the mechanical condition. As we find different forms of the above elements, so do we have different methods of pro- cedure in producing humus in the soil. Deep plowing in the first place is a mechanical renovator; other effects than this must be derived by the use of commercial fertilizers. The re- storing of these three conditions is governed mainly by the cost of, methods or form or fertilizer. Hence, the following tests of different ap- plications to cotton. The three elements, nitrogen, phosphorous and potash, were applied both singly and combined: 983 EXPERIMENTS. —~ uwmhw;$w bw mm~bh; v .mo m~mmv1ho —4 v-iv-i ; -< £8 Li.‘ 8 i9 CORN AND COTTON 93 93 m... .2. 3 do we 6w 3 g .3 8 3“ é 5 .3 o... .8 3. é Q... 8 8. we s. .3 mm .3 m. é 8 Q ow .3 m... dm xzazuue; ssal dolo go 4110's .1 a d .1 a z 11 -punod 10d "s40 3 <11: nun 9H I '8 A 112C101, flue; .10 asoo peas g0 anreA .10 019m {mom J0 PIQIKEBQOJ. 1199s go 0,1190 19d c». fin m. am w... 6m E . mm Q. am m» .9». I "NIH J0 was 19d éSQoO |§6h ..........s..x~.$§ . X 0U... @ .N.£ . ................................~.........?§@E .w .0 .. cw... ......... ... Q@... . . . . . . .. o.@ . .@@ ..g®>@% on Twwfinvwwfiohn ow. .12 6w... v.3. .00 .. mama ........ ............. 055w 3m woazom mam ow... Am .... OKv... I fiwN ... ofiu... ...... .. Ugom wWvHHgoQ ofiv... @ Ilognnl M .@mw .... owu... m .................... . . . . . . .. Ugom o.@... A...» ..... ofiv... ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . llwwnm< u: o“... N. ..... ow... .N£ 0U... X .~....... . . . . u . ..... | . . . IICUIII . . . | . ow... 5mm .. 6w... 3N2 on... m wwm ........... .......wuow Ho 3332 mumsom 8m .3352 S; m w: ..ow... 1% . S. .. 2mm 22am 2.55m 32. Egfifimonm E3. .959. 8N ...:O@... . .. CU... . CU... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . .. QHfiQQwOQm MHZHUOQ .. Qwu... m. . {CU .. M Qwu... . .fl~w_fluom wQ Qwflfihmwz MMZMDOQ nunu-OUOOQ vwfi .. ow... m? on... Nflmwm wonw< coo? mcnsom coon $7 N ..n... . . . . . . . . . . . . u ..-. . . . . . .........uu........o®-%:g§a duom oaapfiZ wcusom c2 ... Z2... ......... 31.0w.-. M "Uuflflmmwnvflflfi WUQUOQ "HTHWQM MUQUOQ dgfinmwomm v84 munsom 8m ........... ......... IIIIIOUIUI .....o@. . w .w .O dofiwmuflfimnw ooafisw ............ ......... 0U... I... MUQUOQ mbPOhhflw ‘MOWQDW HS MUQUOQ dofiaoimma woafism .. ......... ......... ..... .....o@... Q .....o.wv... wwvflgog »>PQHH§% H~@ wfiY-Hmaog wfi .O®Q . CQN . ................. .. ...... UMfi-qawa QZIAMAUQ-Mov w % dpmfl 5E4 .22. .854 2.5 5S4 .25 e m1 3.3m @§M%E=6n¢m n m $5 .mfi ..wn~mofm $3 0.6a .5 no: a mhwfififioh . 9 33m nausea ézm EBB unooww £05 fihm n. N O! '.‘~l ‘ON 101.1 | TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 1f6SUZIi8.~—rlll1€ fertilizer zipplications, as given in the above table, may be divided into four classes, as follows: 1. Nitrogenous. 2. Phosphatic. 3. Potash. 4. Compound (either two or all three of the above). The following gives yield seed lint per acre for each form of fertilizer applied, valued at 2 cents per pound, and increase in yield of seed li11t and lint above check plot: NITROGENOUS. Nitrate of Sodw-Yield seed lint per acre, 656 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $13.12; increase in yield ot seed lint above check plot, 14.5 pounds; li11t, 11.4 pounds. Stable Mttnure—Yield seed lint per acre, 614.3 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $12.28; decrease in yield of seed lint below check plot, 27.2 pounds; lint, 9.8 pounds. Bat Guano—Yield seed lint per acre, 653.6 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $13.0’? ; increase in yield of seed lint above check plot, 12.1 pounds; lint, 9 pounds. Cotton Seed M eat-Yield seed lint per acre, 711.16 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $14.23; increase in yield of seed lint above check plot, 70.1 pounds; lint, 17.8 pounds. PHOSPHATIC. Acid Phosphate Yield seed lint per acre, 673 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $13.46; increase in yield of seed lint above check plot, 31.5 pounds; lint, 2.1 pounds. Bone Blao7c——Yield seed lint per acre, 738.5 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $14.77; increase in yield of seed lint above check plot, 97 pounds; lint, 20.8 pounds. Bone M oak-Yield seed lint per acre, 6'7 6.8 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $13.53; increase in _vield of seed lint above check plot, 35.3 pounds; lint, 12.3 pounds. POTASH. K aiinit-Jfield seed lint per acre, 676.9 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $13.53; increase in _vield of seed lint above check plot, 16.5 pounds; lint, 12.1 pounds. Wood .~ls7zies—Yield seed lint per “acre. 656.6 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $13.13; increase in yield of seed lint above check plot, 15.1 pounds; lint, -16 pounds. M uriate of Potash—Yield seed lint per acre, 584.1 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents. $11.68; decrease in _vield of seed lint below check plot, 57.4 pounds: lint. 17.4 pounds. CORN AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS. 985 COMBINATIONS. Cotton Seed Hull Ashes——Yield seed lint per acre, 6'7 0.1 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $13AO; increase in yield of seed lint above check plot, 28.6 pounds; lint, 12A pounds. Wood Ash.es, Cotton Seed M eaZ, Acid Phosphate—-Yield seed lint per acre, 654.6 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $13.09; decrease in yield of seed lint below check plot, 5.8 pounds; lint, 12.8 pounds. K ainit, Acid Phosphate, and N itrate of Soda—Yield seed lint per acre. 579.1 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $11.58; decrease in yield of seed lint below check plot, 81.3 pounds; lint, 18A pounds. Acid Phosphate, Stable ll! anu1'e——Yield seed lint per acre, 665.5 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $13.31; increase in yield of seed lint above check plot, 24pounds; lint, 2.1 pounds. Lime used to better the physical condition, and to act as a supplement to the soil elements, decreases the yield of seed lint below check plot 100.9 pounds; lint, 42.2 pounds; value of seed lint at 2 cents, $11.19. By a careful examination of the above groups as to yield, it is evident that a single application of phosphatic fertilizers give best results. Of the potash fertilizers, cotton seed hull ashes and kainit increase the yield slightly. Of the nitrogenous fertilizers, cotton seed meal alone gives an appreciable increase in yield. Of the compound and complete fertilizers, acid phosphate and stable manure gave a small increase. The actual effect of each fertilizer on the yield of cotton can not be intelligently understood by considering the results of one year’s Work. The fact that the small gains and losses in yield on each plot is due to the special application it receives might be proven erroneous by a repetition of the test during next season. For this reason We simply state the facts, and leave the conclusions for further consideration during the coming vear. CHARACTER OF STAPLE. A sample of lint Was taken as the yield from each plot was ginned — varieties and fertilizer plots. These samples Were forwarded to Messrs. Slayden, Clarkson & Robards of Houston. The following classifica- tions correspond with the plot from which the sample was taken: 1. American strict middling, slightly sandy, 1 1-16 inch staple, strong; spinning qualities good.—Bohemian. 2. American middling, 1 1-16 inch staple, soft; spinning qualities only fair.—-J ones’ Improved. American strict middling, 1 inch. staple, soft; spinning qualities poor.—Welborn’s Pet. 4. American middling, 1 inch staple, soft and wasty; spinning qualities bad on account of waste.—Peterkin Limbed Cluster. 5. American strict middling, 1-2 inch staple, soft; spinning qualities poor.—Texas Oak. '7. American good middling, 1 1-8 inch. staple, strong; spinning quali- ties good, very little waste.—J ones’ Improved. ‘O9 986 s. 9. 10. 11. 12. 1s. 14. 15. 22. 2s. 24. 25. 2s, 32. as. s4. s5. as. 3v. as. a9. 40. 41. p}- ‘OD TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. American middling, 1-2 inch staple, very Wasty; spinning qualities bad.-—l\\7elborn’s Pet. . American strict middling, 1 1-16 inch staple, strong; spinning quali- ties good.——Peterkin Limbed Cluster. American good middling, 1 inch staple, soft; spinning qualities poor.——TeXas Oak. American middling, slightly sandy, 1 1-8 inch staple; spinning quali- ties good.—Bohemian. American strict middling, 1 1-8 inch staple, strong; spinning quali- ties good.——J ones’ Improved. American middling, 1 inch staple, strong; spinning qualities good.— Welborn’s -Pet. American strict middling, 1 1-8 inch staple, strong; spinning quali- ties good-Peterkin Limbed Cluster. American strict middling, 1 inch staple, strong; spinning qualities good.—Texas Oak. American middling, 1-2 inch staple; spinning qualities very poor.— Bohemian (check). American middling, 1 1-8 inch staple, strong; spinning qualities good.—Potash. (Kainit). American middling, 1 1-8 inch staple, strong; spinning qualities good.—Lime. American middling, 1 1-8 inch staple, strong; spinning qualities very good.—Potash, nitrogen, phosphoric acid. - American middling, 1 1-8 inch staple; spinning qualities good.—Ni- trogen, phosphoric acid, potash. American strict low middling, 1 inch staple, strong; sandy, making it objectionable to spinners.—Bohemian (check). American strict middling, 1 inch staple, strong; spinning qualities good.—Potasl1 (wood ashes). . American middling, 1 1-16 inch staple, strong; spinning qualities good.—Potash (Muriate K O). American good middling, 1 1-8 inch staple, strong; spinning quali- ties fine.——Acid phosphate. American strict middling, 1 1-8 inch staple, strong; spinning qua-li- ties fine.—Nitrogen, and acid phosphate. American strict low middling, sandy, 1 inch staple, soft; spinning qualities pool-Nitrogen, nitrate soda. American middling, 1 1-8 inch staple, strong; spinning qualities good.—Nitrogen (stable manure). American strict middling, 3-4 inch staple, soft; spinning qualities poor-Potash, cotton seed hull ashes. American strict middling, ]. 1-16 inch staple, soft; spinning quali- ties fair.—Phosphoric acid (bone black). American good middling, 1 1-16 inch staple, soft; spinning quali- ties fairly good.—Phosphoric acid (bone meal). American middling, 1 1-8 inch staple, strong, slightly sandy; spin- ning qualities good.—Nitrogen (bat guano). American strict low middling, 1 inch staple, strong; spinning quali- ties good.. American strict middling, 1 1-8 inch staple, strong; spinning quali- ties good.—-Nitrogen (cotton seed meal). CORN AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS. 987 FERTILIZER. EXPERIMENT ON CORN. The land used in this test received identically the same preparation as land used for cotton; also, fertilizer applications on same date. Northern grown corn, purchased of Texas Seed and Floral Oo., of Dallas, Texas-- Golden Beaut_y—was used on all corn plots. Land harrowed and planted March 4th, using check row planter; rows three feet eight inches, and two and a half feet apart in the drill. All plots germinated evenly on March 10th. The cultivation consisted of harrowing with smoothing harrow March 26th, running around. and breaking -middles with single sweeps on April 6th; hoed and thinned April 23d; plowed with Victor riding cultivator April 24th; plowed with double shovel May 3d, which completed the cultivation. We would naturally infer, from the chemical analyses given, that our soil would respond eagerly to the application of the two elements—phos- phoric acid, and potash. ’l‘hough only a minimum amount of potash is found in our soil, the application of this element gives no increase in yield. One of two conclusions are left us in this regard: 1st, The availa- bility of the potash as applied is hindered by some peculiarity in the soil; 2d, Tho-potash already in the soil is so readily available that any applica- ticn of that element is superfluous to the needs of plant growth and de- velopment. The latter conclusion seems most probable, as the potash applications were in a readily available form. On the other hand, plant growth responds eagerly to applications of phosphoric acid in any form. The effect is readily noticeable when ap- plied singly or in combination, though the single application of readily available phosphoric acid gives best results. The quickness of growth, color and vitality of the young plant distinguished this group from all others by the time the corn was fifteen days old, and was easily separated to the time of maturity. The reader must understand that such conditions as are shown to exist here are not applicable in every sense to other soil conditions. While our soil fails to respond to applications of potash, other soils deficient in this element may show a marked increase in productiveness by its appli- cation. Nitrogen, in the form of stable manure, gave an increase over check plots. The cost of fertilizers is evidently a great item to be considered in their application. The cheapest forms are not always the best, neither are the costliest the best. From the above, we readily see that our best results were obtained by the use of phosphoric acid in its difierent forms. But - these forms vary in price, and not in proportion with the increased yields. Acid phosphate, with about 15 per cent phosphoric acid, costing $3.75 per acre as applied (500 pounds), gives an increase in yield that pays for the fertilizer and leaves $1.45 to its profit. Bone meal, with about 21 per cent phosphoric acid, and bone black, with about 30 per cent phos- phoric acid, costing $5 and $5.7 5 per acre as applied (500 pounds in each case), respectively, do not increase the yield sufficiently above check plots to pay cost of fertilizer. Therefore, the loss is estimated at $4.32 and $3.51 per acre. Other fertilizers, not making the same yields as bone 988 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. black and bone meal, gave better returns over tl1e first year’s cost, but the increase the following season may neutralize this result, or favor one or the other. ‘fherefore, the results of one year’s work is plainly seen to be misleading to the slow observer, and the omitting of the applications to obtain such information is necessary. During the season of 1894, bone black was applied to a section of our Station field. Since then, the continuous beneficial results of this appli- cation has been clearly noticeable in the color and yields of both cotton and sorghum. This section has been cropped three successive years, and the yields of sorghum this last year was larger than ever before. The same holds true for cotton yiieltls, as plainly shown in this year’s Work. Fertilizer- Corn. N‘ ' 5-4 7-4 '5 i ‘Ci 5 ‘Q E 5 s.’ s a . O E1 O 518 IE’ w 9-} o w '13 a Cg "" U w c) u w» e . s .. Q as 1v :1 == e ;. Fertilizer applications per acre, 8 g .3 T» E, w g7; .5 8 E S.’ . g Golden Beauty (3 feet 8 inches g (f, 8 5E Q c: is? Os: 1U Q P 0-1 ‘S ~11 of]; -< v <13 -—~ g by s/g feet). s. p g a F11 we a, _ h n, rs :1 :1 c: :1 53g u, g mg 13E,‘ H 53m =1 "“ ' ‘l’ 5’ ‘v n c: '6 ‘C! q was: o 1'3 o F1 O J 0 o ~< +-> E »- a ‘:1 Cir :1 D c8 5 w a 5D Q 2 0 9 F‘ P P g O 53 g 5 0 n a 5. m 5.51 m 5° i 5i 8i z“ n?" 53°‘ 5 >5‘ 8 5° 16 * Green Peas .................................... .. 168010 5 17.2 72. 3 180 56. 5 13.5 2L $9. 60 $0 .75 $—-—0. 49 17 (Check) .......................................... .. 1918 7.517.175. 4 165 57 13 27. l; 10. 96 ...... .. 18 600 pOUIIGS Kitinit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1582 6. 4 18 75. 6 171 56. 5 13.5 22. 6 9. 04 4. 42 —4. 72 191000 Lime ........................................ .. 1624 6.718 7 .3 169 56. 2 13.75 23. 2 9. 60 6. 66 —6.40 20 2000 pounds WOOd Ashes, 400 P01111118 1666 6. 6 18 75. 4 181 56 14 123. 8 9 52 6. 25 —6. 07 C. S. Meal, 300 Acid P. 21 100 IJOUDGS K311111113, 400 A0161 P., 150 1862 7. 3 18 74 7 174 56 14 26. 6 10. 64 8.60 —7. 30 pounds Muriate Potash. . 27 (Check) 135118 19 195 56 14 19 3 7. 72 .... .. 2s 2000 Wood Ashes .. . ....... .. 1541 9.111 73 3 1s1 56 5 13 5 22'1 s s4 "10011 31s 29 2000 Stable Manure,300 pounds Acid 1645 11 1s r1 187 5515 1415 2315 9140 2115 _2I 55 P., 200 C. S. Meal. 30 200 Acid Phosphate, 4000 pOUDdS Sta- 1365 24 15 61 190 56 14 19 5 ‘ 7 80 2. 50 —3 90 ble Manure. 31 500 pOUDGS WOOG Ashes, 200 pOlllldS 994 10 16. 7 73. 3 200 57 13 14. 2 5. 68 6. 25 —9. 77 Muriate Potash. 45 (Check) ............................................. .. 1869 17 15 68 167 57 13 25. 7 10. 68 ................. .. 46 500 1301111618 Acid Phosphate....... 2604 11 17 72 161 56 14 37. 2 14. 88 3. 75 1.45 47 300 p0l1I1C1S Nitrate SOGEL .................. .. 1834 12 15 73 156 57 13 26.2 10. 48 9.,75 —8. 95 48 4000 P01111618 Stable Manure ............. .. 1939 11 17 72 147 56. 5 13.5 27. 7 11.08 1. 00 0. 40 49 500 pounds C. S. H1111 Ashes ............. .. 1736 14 15. 5 70 .5 163 57 13 24. 8 9. 92 1. 25 ——1. 01 50 500 pOUHdS B0118 BIELCK ..................... .. 1988 11. 5 17. 5 71 171 56 14 28. 4 l0. 36 5. 00 —4. 32 51 500pO11I1dS B0118 2086 9 l8 73 155 56 14 29.8 11.92 5.75 —3. 51 52 325 pOlllldS Bflit GUELHO ...................... .. 1911 10 17 73 157 56. 5 13. 5 27. 3 10.92 .. . . ......... .. 53 *Green P6818 .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1246 7.5 17.8 74. 7 189 56.5 13. 5 17.8 7.12 0. 75 —3. 31 54 500 C. S. 184810 17.872.2 17156 14 26.4 10.56 3.75 —2.87 55 (Check) ............................................. .. 1519 10 l7. 7 72. 3 171 56.25 13. 75 21. '7 S. 6'8 ................. .. * Cow peas sown betweenrows of corn at last plowing at the rate of V,» bushel per acre. NITROGENOUS. Green Peas—Yield per acre, 211 bushels; value of yield less cost of fer- tilizer, $. . ; decrease in value below check plot, $. .. Stable flfanure—Yield per acre, 27.7 bushels; value of yield less cost of fertilizer, $10.08; increase in value above check plot, $0.40. Bat Gucm0*—Yield per acre, 27.3 bushels; value of yield, $10.92. (lotion Seed Zl[eaZ—-Yield per acre, 26.4 bushels; value of yield less cost of fertilizer. $6.81; decrease in value below check plot, $2.87. N 1Ttrate of S0cZa—Yield per acre, 26.2 bushels; value of yield less cost 0f fertilizer," $0.73; decrease in value below check plots, $8.95. CORN AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS. 989 PHOSPHATIC. Acid Phosphate-Yield per acre, 37.2 bushels ; value of yield less cost of fertilizer, $10.7 3 ; increase in value above check plot, $1.45. Bone BZac7c—Yield per acre, 28.4 bushels; value of yield less cost of fer- tilizer, $5.36; decrease in value below check plot, $4.32. Bone. M eaZ—Yield per acre, 29.8 bushels; value of yield less cost of fer- tilizer, $6.17; decrease in value below check plot, $3.51. POTASH. K atntt—Yield per acre, bushels; value of yield less cost of fertilizer, $4.62; decrease in value below check plot, $4.72. Wood Ashes——Yield per acre, 22.1 bushels; value of yield less cost of fer- tilizer, $7.84; decrease in value below check plot, $1.36. Cotton Seed H all Ashes—Yield per acre, 24.8 bushels; value of yield less cost of fertilizer, $8.67; decrease in value below check plot, $1.01. , COMBINATIONS. Wood zlshes, Cotton Seed MeaLAotd Phosphate—Yield per acre, 23.8 bush» els; value of yield less cost of fertilizer, $3.27; decrease in value below check plot, $6.07. Katmlt, Acid Phosphate, rllartate Potash—Yield per acre, 26.6 bushels; value of yield less cost of fertilizer, $2.04; decrease in value below check plot, $7.30. ‘ S'table M aware, Aetd Phosphate, Cotton Seed Noah-Yield per acre, 23.5 bushels; value of yield less cost of fertilizer, $6.65; decrease in value below check plot, $2.55. Aetd Phosphate, Stable M dame-Yield per acre, 19.5 bushels; value of yield less cost of fertilizer, $5.30; decrease in value below check plot, $3.90. l/Vood Ashes, M urtate P0tash—Yield per acre, 14.2 bushels; value of yield less cost of fertilizer, $0.57; decrease in value below check plot, $9.77. ' The average yield of all check plots was 23.7 bushels. Plots 16, 20, 21, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52 and 53 gave an increase in yield over this aver- age, though the only plots giving an increase in money value were 46 and 48. Therefore, the importance of considering the cost of the applica— tions is impressed 0n our minds. While all applications of phosphoric acid gave an increase in yield, phosphoric acid, in simple form alone, gave an increase in money value. The same is true of the nitrogenous applications—stable manure alone gave an increase in money value, though other forms increase the yield. We have endeavored to show as plainly as possible the difference in grorvth, vitality’, and yield, due to each fertilizer as applied in our corn experiments. On May 3rd, when the corn was sixty days old, a repre- sentative stalk of each plot was photographed. From these photographs the half-tone engravings found on the following pages were made. 990 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. Plate N0. 1 represents the difference in growth due to the difierent forms of N itrogenous fertilizers. Plate N0. 2 represents the difference in growth due to the different forms of Phosphatic fertilizers. Plate N0. 3 represents the difference in growth due to the different forms of Potash fertilizers. Plate N 0. 4 represents the difference in growth due to different com- binations of the three elements, Nitrogen, Phosphoric Acid and Potash. In Plate N 0. 5 the representative stalk of the best plot (as to yield) in each of the foregoing groups are compared. In each group we find that the yields on each plot agree very closely with the appearance as to growth and vitality at the time the photographs -of the plants were taken. NITROGENOUS GROUP. PLATE No. 1 13,- . ‘T i‘ N M 300 Tbs Nitrate Soda 4900 Tbs“ gtable Manure, 325 Tbs. Bat Guano. 500 Tbs. Cotton Seed Meal. 0 anure. ’ ' PHOSPHORIG ACID GROUP. PLATE NO- % I 1000 Ib . L'me. N0 Manure. 500 Tbs. Acld Phosphate. 500 Tbs. Bone Black. S 1 No Manure. POTASH eRoUP. PLATE No. 3 av-ywwwth i. i ‘s F i. l 5 NO Manm... 000 Tbs. Iiainit. 2000 Tbs. Wood. Ashes. 500 Tbs. Cotton Seed Hull Ashes. 500 Tbs. Wood Ashes. 200 Tbs. Muriate Potash. COMBINATION. GROUP. PLATE No. 4 N M re 200 Tbs. Wood Ashes. 100 Tbs. Kainit. 2000 Tbs. Stable Manure. 200 Tbs. Acid Phosphate. O mm ' 400 Tbs. Cotton Seed Meal. 400 Tbs. Acid Phosphate. 300 Tbs. Acid Phosphate. 4000 Tbs. Stable Manure. ; 300 Tbs. Acid Phosphate. 150 Tbs. Muriate Potash. . 200 Tbs. Cotton Seed Meal. BEST OF EACH GROUP. PLATE N0. f NITROGENOUS. _ PHOSPHATIG. POTASH. COMBINATION. N M 4000 Tbs. Stable Manure. A > ' 500 Tbs. Acid Phosphate. 500 Tbs. Cotton Seed Hull Ashes. r2704 bilslllllgfé.» (27.7 bushels.) (37.2 bushels) 100 m. Kainit. ' (24.8 bushels.) 400 Tbs. Acid Phosphate. 150 Tbs. Muriate Potash. (26.6 bushels.) BLANK PAGE IN ORIGINAL CORN AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS. 991 DESCRIPTION OF SOIL AND CLIMATE The land included within our experimental field is commonly known as “prairie post oak loam,” of a black, sandy nature, underlaid by a sub- soil of stiff blue clay. The surface soil is shallow, varying in depth from six to twelve inches. The subsoil is of exceeding close texture, and al- most impervious to water. Drainage is very poor, the fall not being suffi- cient to carry off surplus water. Water not being able to penetrate the subsoil, stands, over-saturating the surface soil until evaporated. It “bakes” easily, which often takes place during the growing season, be- fore ‘it is possible to put a man and tea-m in the field. This field has been in cultivation only "four years, during which time it has grown three ex- perimental and one general crop. This character of land is known as “poor” land, and badly deficient in humus. To better understand the soil uponwhich these experimental crops were gmwn, it will be necessary to give achemical and mechanical an- alysis of the soil, which is given in the two following tables. Twenty-six samples were taken to embody the different characteristics, if any, of the entire field: Soil Plot. No.-- 1. 3 5 '" 9 11 13 15. 17 20 25 26 Silica and Sand..." 94.39 94.28 94.4 94.62 94.11 95.15 94.63 94.06 93.65 94.81 94.07 93.85 Water—air dry..... 0.55 0.57 0.90 0.49 0.62 0.56 0.86 0.61 1.14 0.62 0.84 0.85 Organic Matter"... 2 58 2.66 2.7 2.32 2.59 2.64 2.40 2.44 2.16 2.11 2.55 3.4 Oxides of Iron and 1 22 2.08 1.51 2.48 2.18 0.83 2.22 2.39 2.05 1.91 2 02 1.62 Alumina. Calcium Oxide .... .. 0.12 0.11 0.32 0.11 0.13 0.33 0.09 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.15 0.41 Magnesium Oxide 0.12 0.10 0.1 0.10 0.11 0.42 0.10 0.10 0.14 0.12 0.08 0.21 Pléosphoric Anhy- 0.07 0.07 0.11 Trace Trac 0:16 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.03 ....... .. r1 e. Sal lgu ric Anhy- 0.04 0 05 0 30 0.04 0 05 0.24 0.06 0.06 Trace Trace Trace 0 O8 r1 e. - ‘Carbon Dioxide..." None None None None None None None None None None None None Alkaline Sulfates 0.22 0.18 0.37 0.17 0.23 0.37 .23 0.32 0.2 0. l9 0 28 Analyses. 28. 30. 31. 33 35 37. 39 43 45. 47. ‘t 49. 51. 53. 55. 93.23 94.50 93.99 94.13 94.31 94.38 94.23 93.73 93.05 93.96 94.85 94.15 95.26 95.13 0.95 0.66 0. 72 0.73 0.70 0.75 0.90 0.62 0.54 0.72 0.48 0.63 0.45 0.51 2.85 2.46 2.11 2.72 2.88 2.7 2.5 2.4 3.23 2.17 3.52 1.77 1.76 2.09 1.56 2.00 1.92 1.71 1.71 2.15 1.80 2.75 3.02 2.70 2.4 2.65 2.4 1.72 0.29 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.15 0.15 0.12 012 0.16 0.12 0.23 0.07 0.05 0.18 0.12 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.13 0.06 0.04 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.08 .03 0. 03 0. 02 0. 02 Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace 0. 06 Trace Trace Trace 0.04 0.16 0 l7 0.21 0.30 0.23 0.17 0.21 0.21 0.21 None None None None None None None None None None None None None None 0.20 0.22 0. 27' 0. 20 0.23 0.48 0.25 0.12 0.12 0.53 0.33 0.15 0.14 0.12 2 — Bul. 45. 992 TEXAS AGRICULTURALSEXPERIMENT STATION. 66 .m “.6 .v m6 .6A A6 .66 m“. fim Am .m AA 6A m6 .6 66 .Av m6 .66 6m .A .66 6v .m E. 6A “.6 .6 v6 .vv 6N. 66 6w . 66 .v 666A 66 .6 6v .mv 6v 6m mm . 6v 66 .m 6A mm 66 .v 66 .66 v6 .66 6m . é. m6 .vm 6v . 6v m6 .6 6w 6A 6m .6 66 .mv s. .66 mv . 6v .6 .m 66 .6 mm .vA m6 6v mm .6m 66 . Av v .6 v6 6A m6 .6 66 6v 6 .6m 6m . .66 6v .6 A6 .6 6m 6A R. .vv A“. 6m 66 . .66 66 .6 v6 .6 66 .6 6 .66 66 .m6 66 . .66 6v .6 66 .Am vb .6 v6 66 m 6m 6m . .66 66 .m 66 Am 66 . 6 $ .66 66. 6A 6.» .m A6. 6A w... .6 A6 .66 66 6v A6 A 6m 66 .6 6v .mA 66 .vA 66 6v 66 6A 66 . 66 .6 vA 6A 6A 6A 8 6v 6m .v mm .6 A b6 .6 >6 .66 66. AA Am . 6m mA .6 6v .Am A6 .6 mA 6v bA 6m 66 A 66 mm .2 66. 6m NA 66.6 66 6A A6 6A AA 6v “m 6m Am . 6A 6m .6 R. .6 Ab .6 v6 Av 66 .66 6v A 6A 6m .6 m6 .vA vv .6 6 mv 6 A6 v6. AA Am .6 66. 6 O 6v .6 66 .8 66 A6 m6 A .6 A6 .m C. .6 N6 .6 vm Av 66 6v v6 . 66 .6 m6 .6 6b .v 66 m6 v6 6m 6v . 6m .6 6v.6A b6 .6 AK 6v 66 6m AA. A .6 “A .6 66 6A 526A 6A 6v $3 bA. ........coA..:nmA 5o wmofl 66611.55 A6. BoAomA fimwlfimafimn .55 A66 65a m6. 5955mm azfiamlpogoAnaAmA 8. 65a mm. umvBgmm ..A®_.AwAHA.6AQ .55 mm. was 6.6 nooBgomA Qwpoafifi 66 A56 A QQQEAAQQ AHAQH AHAAHA uloZ 8E . @2665.‘ 69.655366 CORN AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS. 993 The foregoing analyses were made by Profs. Tilson and Todd, of this Station. “The alkalies——potash and soda—were so small that it was considered unnecessary to separate them.” Each sample as taken repre- sents as near as possible th-e soil characteristics of two plots; i. e., soil sample from plot number 1 represents itself and number 2, etc. The tables show that all parts of the field are remarkably similar, both chemically and mechanically. The small amount of phosphoric acid and potash contained in this soil is marked and possessed of considerable in- terest. The mere statement that a soil contains a very small per cent of one or two elements is no argument in favor of its sterility. Either one, or both, may be unusually available as plant food. Still, in order that the maximum results may be reached, it is necessary that these elements be present in an available form to a certain degree. It is often found that a soil contains a large per cent of some one element, and still the per cent soluble or available will be so low that plant development will be hindered. In our soil this peculiarity exists: there is a minimum amount of phos- pl1oric acid and potash; plant growth responds freely to applications of phosphoric acid, but with potash no good results have thus far been ob- tained in our field trials. The conclusions drawn here, and based on former field trials, combined with the facts presented in the foregoing analytical tables, are as follows: 1. The minimum amount of potash in our soil is available to such a degree that no successful application of that element can be made. 2. Phosphoric acid in the soil is not readily available, and applications of that element can be made profitable. y The mechanical analyses shows about '70 per cent sand, of which 4L0 to 45 per cent is fine dust. The fineness of the particles of sand, mixed with. from 19 to 20 per cent clay, renders this soil very tenacious. It is cold and hard to Work on account of the fact that it absorbs water in ' large quantities and holds it until evaporated. Plowed when wet, it “cakes” into hard clods, which, when dried out, are exceedingly difficult to break down. The conditions necessary in a perfect soil are rarely found in nature. By artificial means they can be produced, but time and labor are gener- ally required in costly amounts. A soil of this kind contains all the ele- me11ts necessary to plant-growth in perfect proportions; sand, to ren- der it warm and friable, to absorb moisture and allow the proper passage of air; clay, to prevent a too rapid evaporation of water; lime, to assist in the decay of vegetable matter and prevent fioculation; humus, to assist in rendering the various elements available for plant-growth. To correct the present condition of our soil, we readily see that it is necessary to change the soil both chemically and physically. With such views, the fertilizer test mentioned in this Bulletin was formulated to continue during several successive seasons——the fertilizers to be applied ' every alternate season. This was done to observe more closely the me- chanical effect produced by each application. 994 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. RAIN FALL —- TEMPERATURE. In publishing the results of field. tests, it is important and of great in- terest to the farmer to give as near as possible an explanation of the weather conditions. While he may know that our coldest weather comes about January, and our warmest during July and August, yet it is of in- terest to him to understand the daily temperature during the time from Ialanting until harvesting. He knows, perhaps, that we receive about thirty inches of rain per annum, but the question is, when does it come? To place these conditions plainly before the reader, we give the follow- ing tables, which give date and amount of rainfall; maximum, minimum and mean temperature during the year; number of clear, cloudy and fair days during each month; and dates of frost as occurring during the year. The study of these conditions, with reports of field experiments, brings the reader in close connection xvith the work as carried on. 1 a l s- ; s .- . .. . s >.=s _ E E‘ 8 sg ~25 5% 5% . ‘E 44,6 Ow 9,6 w: -~ ‘E Q d c5 <5 K 2 2 Q 2 Z Z Z i January ............................................... ..4 72 14 58. 4 48. 1 7 8 16 February ................................. ... ........ .. 78 29 64. 6 55 9 9 10 March . . 83 40 73.5 64.5 6 7 8 April ...................................................... ..* 89 49 77. 7 66. 8 8 13 9 .............................................. .. 88 a3 81.6 72 8 15 8 June ...................................................... .. 98 .................................. .. 12 10 8 July ...................................................... .. 101 ..................... .. 10 17 4 August ................................................ 101 .......... .. 87 "3 12 11 8 September .......................................... "1 95 53 82.6 ab. 1 10 1o 5 October ................................................. ..1 91 44 78. a 70.2 9 16 6 November ............................................. 82 33 66 6 58.1 13 11 6 December ......... .. 7b 23 61 1 51.3 11 7 13 Frosts occurred as follows: January.—4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 20th, 25th, 26th, and 28th; all heavy except the last. February.—Light frosts on the 12th and 27th. l\larch.-—Heavy frost on the 24th. November.~Light frosts on 2nd, 17th, 18th, and 20th; heavy on the 19th and 30th. December.—Heavy frosts on 3rd, 17th and 18th; light on 14th. 995 CORN AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS. Emmw 3Z3. wwx-e§~ F» zefissm~ ........§9» pow 230E ............. .. Honfiwowfl .. ...6nSo>oZ “@2300 HUQQHQHQQw _ ¢ | - - - v u ¢ - - - . - - . ¢ - - -» ..?§w.~noh mpasnah. 996 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. EFFECT OF SEASON ON CROPS. Corn was planted on March 4th, and it will be observed from the above tables that it was immediately followed by conditions which rendered the land cold and wet for thirty days. While the land was in this condition, a heavy frost occurrcd--—March 24th——which was disastrous in its effects on all of the “shallow prepared” land. The per cent loss on subsoiled, land was practically nothing; five-inch-preparation, 25 per cent; two-inch preparation, 75 per cent. The resistance to frost oifered by land pre- pared to a depth of fourteen inches was no doubt due to the stirring of the subsoil and thereby lowering the water table to such an extent as to warm the land. The storm and rain of June 4th injured the corn by blowing down and breaking many stalks. The largest portion of stalks blown down righted themselves very quickly. The rains during Septem- ber, October and December .came at inopportune times, and resulted in some loss of cotton, especially the heavy rains of October 21st and 26th. Barring the above mentioned facts, the season was better than the average. The following table gives the average yearly yields in seed cotton of the five varieties of cotton used in this year’s work. Y ' | 1894. 1895. 1897. Bohemian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 952.2 925.7 773.0 Jones’ Improved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1109.5 746.0 Welborrfs Pet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782.0 706.0 Peterkin Limbed Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1419.0 943.5 720.7 Texas Oak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1185.5 566.0 SUMMARY. The following summary of the result of experiments on cotton and corn during 1894 and 1895 are given, that the reader may easily refer and compare the results of 1897 1* SEASON or 1895 (34 Varieties). The five varieties which made the largest yield seed cotton per acre in 1895, early planting, were: Pounds l Pounds Dickson Early Cluster . . . 1364 Texas Oak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1196 Peerless . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1223 Welborn’s Pet . . . . . . . . . .. 1195 Cochran’s Prolific . . . . . 1216 e The five varieties which made the largest money value per acre in 1895, early planting, were: Texas Oak . . . . .- . . . . . . . .$35 56 Welborn’s Pet . . . . . . . . . $34 42 Jones’ Improved . . . . . 34 89 Dickson’s Early Cluster. . 33 72 Cochran’s Prolific . . . . 34 88 * There were no field experiments undertaken at the College in 1896. CORN AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS. 997 The five varieties which made the largest yield seed cotton per acre in 1895, late planting, were: Pounds Welb0rn’s Pet . . . . . . . . . . . 1175 Beck’s Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . 1142 Peterkin Limbed Cluster. . 1114 Pounds Sure Fruit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1099 Texas Oak . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1095 The five varieties which made the largest money value per acre in 1895, late planting, were: We1born’s Pet . . . . . . . . . .333 88 Jones’ Improved . . . . . .. 32 84 Beck’s Prolific . . . . . . . .. 31 92 Peterkin Limbed Cluste1'.$31 81 Texas Oak . . . . . . . . . . . .. 31 43 SEASON OF 1894 (31 Varieties). The five varieties which made the largest yield seed cotton per acre in 1894, early planting, were: Pounds Sure Fruit . . . . . . . . .,. . . . 1282 Drake’s Cluster . . . . . . . . .. 1251 Peerless . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1230 P unds Hawkins’ Improved . . . I229 Allen Long Staple . . . . . . . 1224 The five varieties which made the’ largest yield seed cotton per acre in 1894, late planting, were: Pounds Peterkin Limbed Cluster. . 1908 Herlong . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1760 Peterkin . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1538 Pounds Truitt’s Improved . . . . . 1522 Southern Hope . . . . . . . . . . 1518 BEST VARIETIES OF CORN——1895 (62 Varieties). “FIELD 001m” (22 Varieties). The five varieties of “Field Corn” which made the largest yields per acre were: Bushels Texas Yellow . . . . . . . . . . 35.9 Texas White . . . . . . . . . . . 35. Welb0rn’s Conscience . . . 34.6 Bushels Renfro’s Improved . . . 34.4 Shaw’s Improved . . . . 34.4 The thirteen varieties making more than twenty-five bushels per acre WGTGI 998 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. Chester County Mammoth 32.5 North Texas Yellow . . 27 .5 Farmer’s Pride . . . . . . 28.1 Piasa Queen . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2 G-iant White Dent. . . . 26.8 Red Cob Ensilage . . . . . . 30.3 J ohnson’s Large White Southern White Gourd Southern Bread . . . . 31.7 Seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.4 Mammoth White Surprise 32.3 Virginia Horse Tooth . .. 28.8 Mexican, or Bed Foliage . 27.5 White Rockdale . . . . . . . . 32.9 New Giant Beauty ... 26.6 The four Field varieties which made less than twenty-five bushels per acre were: Everitt’s Mortgage Lifter. 22.0 Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 19.7 Mammoth Yellow . . . . . . 19.6 Southern Queen . . . . . . . . 23.6 N. B. & G.’s Conqueror “EARLY FIELD coRN” (18 Varieties). The five E-arly varieties which made the largest yields per acre were: Golden Beauty . . . . . . . . . 47.4 y Hickory King . . . . . . . . . . 40. Forsyth’s Favorite . . . . . . 43.2 Marsfield White Dent . . . 39.9 Golden Dent . . . . . . . . . . . 40.8 The eleven E-arly varieties which made more than twenty-five bushels per acre were: Champion White Pearl . . 25.7 Riley’s Favorite . . . . . . . . 33.9 Farmer’s Favorite Dent.. 29.1 Waterloo Extra Early Golden Cable . . . . . . . . . . 27.3 Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.6 Kansas King . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Waterloo Extra Early N. B. 8t G’s Rustler White 28.2 Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.8 Old Cabin Home . . . . . . . . 37 . tWhite Cap Dent . . . . . 29.1 Pride of the North . . . 27.5 , The two E-arly varieties which made less than twenty-five bushels per- acre were: Huron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2O I N. B. & G.’s Dokata Dent. 22.3 “EXTRA EARLY FIELD ooRN” (19 Varieties). The five Extra E-arly varieties which made the largest-yields per acre were: Murdock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.8 Thoroughbred White/Flint 33.4 The Learning .. . .. 42.5 Hundred Day . . . . . . . . .. 32.3 Early Mastodon . . . . . . . .. 41 The four Extra E-arly varieties which made more than twenty-five bushels per acre were: Early Eclipse . . . . . . . . . . 28.5 ‘ Long PennsylvaniaYellow 28.7 Large White Flint . . . 25.7 Minnesota King . . . . . . . . 31.3 0o1m AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS. 999 The ten Extra Early varieties which made less than twenty-five bush- els per acre were: Adam’s Early . . . . . . . . . . 22.3 Longfellow . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Early Canada . . . . . . . . . . 16.4 Long Yellow Flint . . . . . . 22.2 Golden Dewdrop . . . . . . . 16.3 Mercer Yellow . . . . . . . . . 11.4 King of Earlies . . . . . . . . . 23 .4 Southern Roasting Ear . . 17 . 2 King Phillip . . . . . . . . . . 15.8 Tuscarora . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.8 “PROLIFIC 001m” (3 Varieties). Mosby’s Prolific . . . . . . . . . . .48 l Dungan’s Prolific . . . . . . . 42.8 Blount’s Prolific . . . . . .. 46.4 l FIVE VARIETIES MAKING LARGEST YIELDS. Mosby’s Prolific . . . . . . . . 48 Golden Beauty . . . . . . . . . 47.4 Blount’s Prolific . . . . . . . . 46 .4 Murdock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.8 Forsyth’s Favorite . . . . . . 43.2 The thirteen varieties making more than twenty-five bushels per acre were: - ' Chester" County Mammoth 32.5 North Texas Yellow . . 27. 5 Farmer’s Pride . . . . . . . . . 28.1 Piasa Queen . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 Giant White Dent . . . . . . 26.8 Red Cob Ensilage . . . . . . 30.3 Johnson’s Large White 1 Southern White Gourd Southern Bread . . . . . . 31.7 Seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.4 Mammoth White Surprise. 32.3 Virginia Horse Tooth . . . 28.8 Mexican, or Red Foliage. . 27. 5 i White Rockdale . . . . . . . . 32.9 New Giant Beauty . . . . . . 26.6 The four Field varieties which made less than twenty-five bushels per acre were: Everitt’s Mortgage Lifter. 22. ' Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 19.7 Mammoth Yellow . . . . 19.6 Southern Queen . . . . . 23.6 N. B. 8t G.’s Conqueror “EARLY FIELD 001m” (18 Varieties). The five Ettrly varieties which made the largest yields per acre were: Golden Beauty . . . . . . . . . 47 .4 Hickory King . . . . . . . . . . 40 Forsyth’s Favorite . . . . . . 43.2 Marsfield White Dent . . . 39.9 Golden Dent . . . . . . . . . . . 40.8 5‘ - The eleven Elao-Zg/ varieties which made more than twenty-five bushels per acre were: Champion White Pearl . . 25.7 Pride of the North . . . 27 .5 Farmefs Favorite Dent .. 29.1 Riley’s Favorite . . . . . . . . 33.9 Golden Cable . . . . . . . . . . 27. 3 Waterloo Early Dent . . . . 37. 6 Kansas King . . . . . . . . . .. 36 Waterloo Extra Early N. B. 8t G.’s Rustler White 28.2 Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.8 Old Cabin Home . . . . . . .. 37 White Cap Dent . . . . . 29.1 BLANK PAGE IN ORIGINAL OORN AND COTTON EXPERIMENTS AT COLLEGE STATION IN 1894. We have many calls for copies 0f reports relating to the tests of 61 varieties of corn and 31 varieties of cotton, grown on the Station grounds during 1894. The first edition of that report (Bulletin 34) has been entirely exhausted, and we have extracted for publication in these pages some of the more important matter relat- ing to the Varieties of corn and cotton tested at that time. This printed matter includes description of varieties, addresses of parties from whom seed was obtained, and indicates the" value of the crop grown. ‘ [From Bulletin 34.] “FIELD EXPERIMENTS.” BY J. H. CONNELL AND JAS. CLAYTON. “A TEST OF SLYTY-ONE VARIETIES OF CORN. “A brief description of sixty-one varieties of corn planted on Texas Experiment station March 23, 1894, is given below: “Bud worms injured the varieties seriously from April 5 to April 20, and did such injury to the young plants that the stand of each variety was made more or less imperfect. The hot winds _of July 1, which did much damage to the corn crop of the entire West, ruined all the late maturing kinds tested here. “The results of the experiment have been so vitiated by these two causes that no fair comparison of yields can be made. It is but fair to say that the low yield obtained from all varieties tested is due to some extent to one or both of the causes mentioned. The publication of such yields would prove misleading and harmfuhunless it is explained that they are presented only for the purpose of indi- cating some of the better varieties of the early maturing kinds of corn. Of those tried we can endorse a number for the use of Texas farmers, including the follow- ing: Kansas King, Improved Golden Dent, Dakota Dent, Wisconsin White Dent, Pride of the North, Rustler White, and Riley’s Favorite. Sugar corn for garden culture: Early Naragansett, First of All, Ne Plus Ultra, Perry’s Hybrid, Shaker’s Early, and Stowell’s Evergieen. ~ “From the experiments of the past season we do not feel justified in recommend- ing any one of the middle or late maturing varieties over another. All varieties planted in 1894 will be under test again in 1895, and many new ones will be added to the list. lt is hoped that fair conditions will prevail, and the results obtained from the coming season’s work in testing these varieties will be more reliable and satisfactory than for the season of 1894. “Below we give some of the most prominent characteristics of the varieties of corn tested in 1894, including a description of grain, ear, and stalk, yield per acre, and per cent of grain in a hundred pounds of shueked ear corn. The seedsmen of whom each variety was obtained is given with address. The varieties are grouped into early, late, and prolific, and each group is alphabetized. [1001 1 1002 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. “EARLY VARIETIES. “Angel of M idnight-Seed from Perry Seed Store, Syracuse, N. Y. A yellow flint variety; roasting ear June 6; stalk and ear both small; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 78.3 pounds grain. “Olarlrs lllastodoru-Seed from T. W. Wood 8t Son, Richmond, Va. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 18; stalk and ear both small; grain long and soft; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 81.2 pounds grain. “Early Butler.-—Seed from Storrs, Harrison & 00., Plainville, Ohio. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June ll; stalk and ear both small; grain long and soft; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 86.3 pounds grain. “Early Canada.—Seed from J. M. ’l‘l1orburn, New York. A yellow flint Variety; roasting ear June 11; stalk small; ear long, with short flint grains; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 70.1 pounds grain. . “Early Eclipse.—Seed from Plant Seed Company, St. Louis Mo. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 20; stalk and ear medium size; grain long and soft; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 83.4 pounds grain. “Early M astodom-Seed from Storrs, Harrison 8w: 00., Plainville, Ohio. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 18; stalk and ear medium size; grain long and soft; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 83.6 pounds grain. “Ezvtra Early H area-Seed from Storrs, Harrison & 00., Plainville, Ohio. A yel- low dent variety; roasting ear June 9; stalk small; ears short apd bright yellow; grain long and firm; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 83.6 pounds grain. “First Premizmu-Seed from J. A. Everitt, Indianapolis, Ind. White dent va- riety; roasting ear June 20; stalk and ear medium size; grain very white, large, and firm; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 79.4 pounds grain. “Iflorsytlfs Faoorite.—Seed from J. A. Everitt, Indianapolis, Ind. A white dent variety; roasting ear June 20; stalk and ear medium size; ears very heavy and firm; grain very white, broad, and long; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 80.7 pounds grain. “Gentry/s Early M arisen-Seed from T. W. Wood 8L Son, Richmond, Va. A white flint variety; roasting ear June 20; stalk and ear medium size; ear heavy, firm, and long; grain short. broad, flinty, and very white; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 79.8 pounds grain. “Golden Beauty.—Seed from Storrs, Harrison 8t 00., Plainville, Ohio. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 20; stalk and ear medium size; grain very broad, deep and firm; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 82.3 pounds grain. “Golden Dent-Seed from J. M. Thorburn, New York. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 20 ; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 82.9 pounds grain. . “Golden Dewdrop.—Seed from J. M. Thorburn, N. Y. A yellow flint variety; roasting ear June l1; stalk small, ears very long, grain short, broad and flinty; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 74.3 pounds grain. “Hickory Klng.—Seed from Texas Seed and Floral 00., Dallas, Texas. A white dent variety; roasting ear June 20; stalks and ear medium size; grain very deep and broad; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 85.7 pounds grain. “Improved Golden Dent.—Seed from '1‘. W. Wood 8t Son, Richmond, Va. A yel- low dent variety; roasting ear June 20; stalks and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 84 pounds grain. “Kansas King.——Seed from Texas Seed and Floral 00., Dallas, Texas. A white dent variety; roasting ear June 18; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 82.9 pounds grain. “King of Earlies.—Seed from Storrs, Harrison & 00., Plainville, Ohio. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 9; stalk and ear small; ear short and very firm, with bright yellow grain; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 85.2 pounds grain. “King Plziilliy.—Seed from J. M. '[‘horburn, New York. A red flint variety; roasting ear June 9; stalk very small; ear very long and small, with short, broad, red flint grain; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 75.4 pounds grain. “Longfellmv.—Seed from Northrup, Braslan & Goodwin 00., Minneapolis, Minn. A yellow flint variety; roasting ear June 18; stalks very small; ears very long, with short, broad, yellow flint grains; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 78.4 pounds grain. “Long Yellow Flint-Seed from Northrup, Braslan 8t Goodwin 00., Minneapolis, Minn. A yellow flint wtarietv: roasting ear June ll; stalk small; ear very long and CORN AND ooTToN EXPERIMENTS. 1003 small, with short, broad, yellow grain; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 76.1 pounds grain. - “Long White Flintr-Seed from J. M. 'l‘horburn & Co., New York. A white flint variety; roasting ear June ll; stalk small; ear very long, small, with white flint grain; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 70.1 pounds grain. “Mercer Yellow-Seed from Northrup, Braslan & Goodwin Co., Minneapolis, Minn. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 18; stalk and ear very small; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 72.6 pounds grain. “Minnesota White.—Seed from Northrup, Braslan 8t Goodwin Co., Minneapolis, Minn. A white flint variety; roasting ear June l8; stalk small; ear very long, with short, broad, white flint grains; 100 pounds of shucked ear corn yield 80.6 pounds grain. “Jlluvrdoch lVinet/J/ Day.—Seed from Plant Seed Company, St. Louis, Mo. A yel- low dent variety; roasting ear June l5; stalk small; ear short and firm, with long, bright yellow grain; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 84 pounds grain. “N. B. G. 003s Dakota Dent.—Seed from Northrup, Braslan & Goodwin Co., Minneapolis, Minn. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 9; stalk and ear medium-size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 82.9 pounds grain. “N. B. G. (fofs ltustler IVhite.—-Seed from Northrup, Braslan 8s Goodwin Co., Minneapolis, Minn. A white dent variety; roasting ear June 9; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 80.6 pounds grain. “Pride of the NortIL-Seed from Plant Seed Company, St. Louis, Mo. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 15; stalk medium size; ear short and firm; grain long and bright yellow; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 84 pounds grain. “Jiileifs F'aoorite.—Seed from J. A. Everitt, Indianapolis, Ind. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June l5; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 80.7 pounds grain. “AQqiuII/un-Seed from Northrup, Braslan &. Goodwin Co._. Minneapolis, Minn. A white flint variety; roasting ear June .9 ; stalk small; ear very small, with short white flint grain: l00 pounds shucked ear corn yield 77.1 pounds grain. “i817. Charles li7lzite.——Seed from Plant Seed Company, St. Louis, Mo. A white dent variety; roasting ear June 20: stalk and ears medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 80.7 pounds grain. “The Leamingi-Qeed from Plant Seed Company, St. Louis, Mo. A yellow white- oap dent variety; roasting ear June 20; stalk medium size; ear ‘above medium; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 81.2 pounds grain. “Tllhoroizglzbretl White Flint-Seed from J. M. Thorburn, New York. A white '_ flint variety: roasting ear June 28; injured by hot winds; stalk medium size; ears small and long, with broad, short flint grain; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 73.1 pounds grain. “White Pearl.—Seed from J. M. Thorburn, New York. A white dent variety; roasting ear June 20; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 81.7 pounds grain. “Wisconsin, White De11t.—Seed from J. M. Thorburn, New York. A white dent variety; roasting ear June l8; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 85.6 pounds grain. “COMMON FIELD VARIETIES. “Alubaiiiu- Erzryierinzeizt Station. Yelloux-Seed from Alabama Experiment Sta- tion, Auburn. Ala. A yellow flint variety; not in roasting ear July 1; badly in- jured by hot winds occurring at that date; stalk large and vigorous; ears medium size: 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 80 pounds grain. “Bil; SeeJL-Seed from I. N. Shannon, Goodlettsxrille, Tenn. A white dent va- riety; roasting ear June 28 ; badly injured by hot winds; stalk large and vigorous; ear and grain very large; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 84.6 pounds grain. “Chester County M (IWTJTLOtILr-"SQGd. from J. M. Thorburn, New York. A yellow dent variety: roasting ear June 20; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 82.3 pounds grain. “Clay/ton. Brend.—-Seed from Alabama Experiment Station. A white flinty va- riety; roasting ear June 20; stalk very large and vigorous; ear above medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 83.7 pounds grain. “Iu’17cri[t’s Mortgage Lifter.—Seed from J. A. Everitt, Indianapolis, Ind. A yel- low dent variety; roasting ear June l8: stalk and ear medium size: ears very 1004 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. firm and heavy and grow near the ground; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 82.3 pounds grain. “(iiunt Broad G'ra/i11.-——8eed from T. Wood & Son, Richmond, Va. A white Jlint variety; roasting ear June l8; stalk and ear medium size; grain very large and broad; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 81.3 pounds grain. “Girardcaws Poor Land.—Seed from W. M. Girardeau, Monticello, Fla. A white dent variety’; roasting ear June 28; badly injured by hot winds; stalk large and vigorous; ears long and medium size; _100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 82.9 pounds grain. _ “Jia/wlcins’ lnipivyvccL-Seed from Hiram Hawkins, Hawkinsville, Ala. A white gourd seed variety; roasting ear June 28; badly injured by hot winds; stalks large and vigorous; ears short and firm; very long grain; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 82.9 pounds grain. . “Kansas.—Seed from C. F. Moore, Bryan, Texas. A white dent variety; roast- ing ear June 21; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 80.4 pounds grain. “Lame Rcd.—Seed from E. V. Finklea, Bryan, Texas. A large red yellow cap dent variety; roasting ear June 20; stalk large and vigorous; ear large, with large red grain; 101) pounds shucked ear corn yield 78.4 pounds grain. “Jllooreis Whitc.——Seed from C. F. Moore, Bryan, Texas. A white dent variety; roasting ear June 18; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 80 pounds grain. “M ooras Yellow.—Seed. from C. F. Moore, Bryan, Texas. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 28, injured by hot winds; stalk andear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 81.7 pounds grain. “M osbgfs Early Ficld.—8eed' from J. K. Mosby, Lockhart, Miss. A white gourd seed variety; roasting ear June 18; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 80 pounds grain. “North Tcaias Yellow.—Seed from O. C. Scott, Melissa, Texas. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 28; badly injured by hot winds; ear and stalk medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 82.3 pounds grain. , “Pic/sci Queen.——Sced from Plant Seed Company, St. Louis Mo. A yellow dent variety; roasting ear June 28; badly injured by hot winds; stalk and ear medium size; 100 pounds shucked ear corn yield 81.2 pounds grain. “Pride of _4.'m(§€6tl ironi l1. L. lrevost, l\ew Urleans, La. Early planting, first bloom June 16, first open boll July 28; late planting, first bloom July 9, first open boILSeptember 4. Description: ltesenibles Beeler in main characteristics. Yield seed cotton per acre, 894 pounds from early planting, showing 32.5 per cent of lint; 1442 pounds from late planting, showing 30.1 per cent of lint. Cost of seed, 38 cents per half bushel. "S/urc lilr/uitr-Seed from \V. M. Girardeau, Monticello, Fla. Early planting, first bloom June 16, first open boll July 30; late planting, first bloom July 5, first open boll August 28. Dcscripticlz.‘ Resenibles Marston m main characteristics. Yield seed cotton per acre, 1292 pounds from early planting", showing 33.6 per, cent of lint; 1508 pounds from late planting, showing 31.7 per cent of lint. Cost of seed, $3per half bushel. _ “Tcnrncsscc Gold Uust.—Seed from Jenkins 8n ilrobaugh, Stewartville, Tenn. Early planting, first bloom June 11, first open boll J ulypl5 ; late planting, first bloom July 5, first open boll August 25. Ucscriptioli." Stalk very open, with long limbs, bolls medium size, average height of plant 3 feet, with very light green fo- liage. Yield seed cotton per acre, 940 pounds from early planting, showing 32.9 per cent of lint; 1198 pounds from late planting, showing 28.1 per cent of lint. Seed cost $4 per half bushel. “’ Han/nesscc Gold Dust.—Seed from '1‘. C. Hurley, Pottsboro, Texas. Early plant- ing, first bloom June 12, first open boll July 27; late planting, first bloom July 6, first open boll August 25. Dcscriptio/i.‘ Seed badly mixed; yield seed cotton per acre, 982 pounds from early planting, showing 32.9 per cent of lint; 1514 pounds from late planting, showing 30 per cent of lint. Seed donated. “’.’6:I:a8 Storm» P’I'O()f.—S€6d from WI J. Smilie, Baileyville, Texas; Early plant- ing, first bloom June 13, first open boll July 25; late planting, first bloom July 5, first open boll August 28. Description: Stalk very large, with very long limbs, bolls large and round, average height of plant 41/; feet, with light green foliage. Yield seed cotton per acre, 674 pounds from early planting, showing 32.2 per cent of lint; 1102 pounds from late planting, showing 32 per cent of lint. Seed donated. “”1"uitt’8 Impr0i2cd.—Seed from G. W. Truitt, La Grange, Ga. Early planting, first bloom June 17, first open boll July 28; late planting, first bloom July 8, first open boll August 29. Description." Stalk low, broad and open, with long limbs with short joints, often bearing bolls on opposite sides of the limb; _bolls medium size, round; plant vigorous, with very large dark green foliage. Yield of seed cot- ton per acre, 1059 pounds from early planting, showing 31.3 per cent of lint; 1502 pounds from late planting, showing 28.7 per cent of lint. Cost of seed, $1 per half bushel. “Tylerks Limbed (flashers-Seed from Alexander Drug and Seed Company, Au- gusta, Ga. Late planting, first bloom July 16, first open boll September 6. De- scription: Stalk very open; long limbs, with very short joints; bolls small; aver- age height 5% feet; plant vigorous, with light green foliage. Yield seed cotton per acre, 1510 pounds from late planting, showing 29.4 per cent lint. N0 early plant- ing of this variety. Seed donated. “CLUSTER VARIETIES. “Becki? Prolific-Seed from O. B. Beck, Bryan, Texas. Early planting, first bloom June 13, first open boll July 25; late planting, first bloom July 5, first open boll August 27. Description.‘ Long limbs put out from near the ground, short limbs (with short joints bearing cotton) put out from these long limbs from the main stalks; bolls medium size and round; plant small; average height of plant 3 feet, with light green foliage. Yield seed cotton per acre, 1011 pounds from early planting, showing 29 per cent of lint; 1486 pounds from late planting, showing 31.6 per cent of lint. Cost of seed, 75 cents per half bushel. “Goclzranfs Prolific-Seed from Mark W. Johnson Seed Company, Atlanta, Ga. Early planting, first bloom June 15, first open boll July 28; late planting, first 3 — Bul. 45. 1008 TExAs AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. bloom July 6, firstopen boll August 27. Description: Resembles Beek’s Prolific in main characteristics. Yield seed cotton per acre, 1069 pounds from early planting, showing 29.2 pe1' cent of lint; 1504 pounds from late planting,~showing 30.7 per cent of lint. Cost of seed, 90 cents per half bushel. “Drakeis (llu8tcr.—b'eed from R. W. Drake, Laneville, Ala. Early planting, first bloom June 16, first open boll July 24; late planting, first bloom July 5, first open boll August 25. DGSCFIIQFLIOIL’ Resembles Beck’s Prolific in main characteristics. Yield seed cotton per acre, 1251 pounds from early planting, showing 31.5 per cent ' of lint; 1404 pounds from late planting, showing 31.2 per cent of line. Cost of seed, $1 per half bushel.“ “Hawkins? I1rtpr0ved.-——Seed from Alexander Drug and Seed Company Augusta, Ga. Early planting, first bloom June 11, first open boll July 25; late planting, first bloom July 8, first open boll August 28. Dcscripttolt: Resembles Beck’s Pro- lific in main characteristics. Yield of seed cotton per acre, 1229 pounds early plant- ing, showing 29.3 per cent lint; 1248 pounds from late planting, showing 30.1 per cent of lint. Cost of seed, $1 per half bushel. “Harland-Seed from H. C. Prevost, New Orleans, La. Early planting, first bloom June 15, first open boll July 30; late planting, first bloom July 11, first open boll August 30. Description." Resembles Beck’s Prolific in main characteristics. Yield seed cotton per acre, 1109 pounds from early planting, showing 29.4 per cent of lint; 1760 pounds from late planting, showingv 30.1 per cent of lint. Cost of seed, 75 cents per half bushel. “Pccrlcss.——Seed from H .(j. Prevost, New Orleans, La. Early planting, first bloom June ll, first open boll July 31; late planting, first bloom July 7, first open boll August 28. Description: Stalk open, pyramidal in shape, long limbs with very short joints, bolls medium size, average height of plant 31/; feet, with light green foliage. Yield per acre seed cotton, 1230 pounds from early planting, showing 28.4 per cent of li11t; 1248 pounds from late planting, showing 30.8 per cent of lint. Cost of seed, $1 per half bushel. “ll’elb01"1t’s Pet.—Seed from J eif D. Welborn, New Boston, Texas. Early plant- ing, first bloom June 11, first open boll July 21. Description: Long limbs put out from near the ground, bolls form in clusters along the main stalk and long limbs, average height of plant 31/; feet, with light green foliage. Yield seed cotton per acre, 1172 pounds, showing 32.7 per cent of lint. No late planting of this variety. Seed donated.