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he Census Bureau
offers a variety of
geographic tools—
maps, reports,
computer tapes, and
more—to help you

 

 

Your

Guide to
Census Bureau
Geography

 

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US. Department of Commerce
Economics and Statistics Administration
BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

maps show geographic information
such as the boundaries, names,
and/or codes of the entities used in
its data products. This booklet
describes the 1990 census map
series and related maps.

An extract from the TIGER data
base, the TIGER/LineTM file, will
let you, if you have the proper
software, create your own maps
and relate data from any number of
sources to various geographic
entities. If you have address lists,
you also can use it to assign
addresses, in the urban cores of

most metropolitan areas and
several highly populated nonmetro-
politan counties, to specific geo—
graphic entities, such as census
blocks. The process is commonly
referred to as “geocoding.” A
number of TIGER System extracts
meet other needs.

Additional help is a phone call
away. At the end of this booklet is
a list of the telephone numbers at
which you may call staff members
at Census Bureau headquarters
and its regional offices for
geographic assistance.

types of tabulation areas appearing
in the last two decennial censuses
and in the 1987 economic, agricul-
ture, and governments censuses.
The development of the Topo-
logically Integrated Geographic
Encoding and Referencing (TIGER)
System, a computer-readable
geographic data base, has advanced
the map production capabilities of
the Census Bureau, making the
process not only more accurate, but
more versatile as well. The Census
Bureau produces a variety of maps
that are available for purchase. The

make the most of census data. Here
you will find information about the
types of geographic entities, how
their boundaries are established, and
how they relate to each other. This
booklet also covers how these
entities differ among the censuses
and surveys and describes geo-
graphic products available to you.
The Census Bureau collects and
publishes data for a wide range of
geographic entities, from the United
States down to a census block. NUMBER OF GEOGRAPHIC ENTITIES
While many of these entities are 19800ecennial censuses1990
commonly recognized, such as States —

Geographic Entities of the 1990 and Other Recent Censuses

 

1987 Censuses
Economic Agriculture Governments‘

LEQAQADMINISTRATIVE ENTITIES

 

 

and counties, others are not generally United State 1 1 1 1 1
States and statistically equivalent entities 572 573 55‘ 53 51
known' for exam 1e census count -
, P , y State 50 so 50 50 50
divisions and census tracts. By being D'S‘I'F‘ 0‘ C°'umb'a ‘2 1 1 ' 1
' _ . . Outlying areas 6 63 4‘ 35 -
famlliar With them all, you Will be Counties and statistically equivalent entities 3,231 3,243 3,221 3,1796 3,042
. . Minor civil divisions MCD’s 30,450 30,386 - - 16,691
able to select the data-reportmg un1ts Sub-MCD’s ( ) 265 145 _ _ _
that best suit your needs. Incorporated places 19,176 19,365 6,7767 - 19,200a
Consolidated Cities - 6 - - 259
You also need to be aware that American Indian reservations 277 310 - - -
h C B . d d American Indian entities with trust lands 37 52 - - -
t e ensus ureau provr es ata Alaska Native villages (ANV’s) 209 See ANVSA - - -
for the various levels of geographic Alaska Native Regional Corporations (ANRC s) 12 12 - - -
. . ' Congresswnal districts 435 435 - - -
deta11 in a Wlde range of products Voting districts (VTD's) 36,351 146,67210 - - -
. . , School districts 16,075 16,000E - - 14,271
that include prmted reports, com- . Neighborhoods 28‘381 _ _ _ _
puter tapes, flexible diskettes, , ZIP Codes 37,000 39,650E 31,000E 31,000E -
microfiche, and compact disc-read TATI i A NTITI
Region 4 4 4 - 4
only memory (CD‘ROM)- ‘ Divisions 9 9 9 - 9
Data are tabulated for a variet O"Sh°’e areas' ' ‘ 7" ‘ '
_ . . . y Metropolitan areas
of geographic ent1t1es, depending Standard metropolitan statistical areas (SMSA’s) 323 - - - -
. Standard consolidated statistical areas (SCSA’s) 17 - - - -
on the census or survey. Bes1des the Metropolitan statistical areas (MSA's) - 268 265 - 265
census of population and housing, Consolidated metropolitan statistical areas (CMSA’s) - 21 21 - 21
Primary metropolitan statistical areas (PMSA’s) - 73 73 - 73
conducted every 10 years, the ‘ Urbanized areas (UA’s) 373 405 - - -
Alaska Native village statistical areas (ANVSA‘s) See ANV 217 - - -
Census Bureau also conducts the Tribal jurisdiction statistical areas (TJSA‘s) - 17 - - —
following censuses every 5 years for 22::1523'332‘3niat'sma' areas (“33'“) 5 827’ 5 9(1): 43:; ' ‘
WI | , , ' ‘
years ending in “2” and “7”: Census county divisions (CCD’s) 5,512 5,581 - - -
Unorganized territories (UT’s) 274 282 — - -
Census of Governments Other statistically equivalent entities 41 40 - - -
. Special economic urban areas (SEUA’s) - - 43312 - -
Census of Agnculture , Census designated places (CDP's) 3,733 4,423 4413 - -
- , 1 Balance outside of MA’s - - 34“ - -
Economic censuses. , Census tracts 43,691 50,690 - - -
' Block numbering areas (BNA’s) 3,423 11,586 - - -
eta1 ra e
. Block groups (BG’s) 156,163 229,192 - - -
l
Wholesale Trade , Tabulated parts 197,957 363,047 - - - l
- - Enumeration districts (ED's) 102,235 See BG - - -
Serv1ce Industr1es Blocks 2,473,679 7,017,427 - - -
Manufactures Tabulated parts 2,545,416 - - - ‘
Traffic analysis zones (TAZ'S) 160,000E 200,000E - - -

Mineral Industries

Construction Industries
Transportation

Between these censuses, the
Census Bureau conducts numerous
surveys, some as often as every
month, that provide additional and
more current data.

Shown here are the number and

- Not applicable
E Estimated

‘No governments data are published or tabulated for
statistical entities.

2 Includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana

Islands, Puerto Rico, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands,

US. Virgin Islands.

3 Includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana
Islands, Palau, Puerto Flico, US. Virgin Islands.

‘ Includes Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico,
US. Virgin Islands.

5 Includes Guam, Puerto Rico, US. Virgin Islands.

5 Data for Alaska’s then 23 boroughs and census areas
were aggregated into 5 entities statistically treated as
county equivalents. No separate data were provided for
independent cities, most counties coextensive with
incorporated places, and a few other counties and
statistically equivalent entitities.

7 Includes only those incorporated places with at least
2,500 population, except for three smaller places.

3 Consolidated governments.
9 Municipal governments,

‘0 Includes only eligible areas participating under Public
Law 94-171.

“ Data were tabulated for 7 offshore areas - AK, CA, LA,
TX, Atlantic, Northern Gulf of Mexico, and Pacilic - which
were treated as statistical equivalents of counties.

‘2 Includes only selected minor civil divisions with at least
10,000 population in eight northeastern states.

‘3 In agreement with the State of Hawaii, the Census

Bureau does not recognize the city of Honolulu, which is
coextensive with Honolulu County, for purposes of

statistical presentations. Instead, the State delineates. and .
the Census Bureau provides data for, CDP’s that define ,
the separate communities within Honolulu County.

“ Data for those portions of counties in the six New

England States that were not included in some I
metropolitan area were aggregated, and these areas were
treated as the statistical equivalents of places.

,2— ,—_l

 

lQOdS '

Geographic Entities

The Census Bureau’s geographic
units are identified as either legal/
administrative or statistical entities.
Legal entities have their own
governments that exercise jurisdic-
tion within legally defined bound—
aries; administrative entities
normally do not have their own
governments, but do have bound—
aries established by officially
prescribed laws or regulations to
implement specific programs or
operations. Statistical entities are
geographic units delineated on the
basis of criteria prepared by the
Census Bureau or some other
Federal agency for the purpose of
data collection and presentation.
The different types of entities are
described below.

Legal/Administrative
Geographic Entities

United States, States, the District
of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and
the Outlying Areas. The outlying
areas are: American Samoa, Guam,
the Commonwealth of the Northern
Mariana Islands, the Republic of
Palau, and the Virgin Islands of

the United States.

Counties. Counties are the pri—
mary legal and administrative
subdivisions of States. Also
treated as county equivalents

are boroughs and census areas

in Alaska; parishes in Louisiana;
independent cities in Maryland,
Missouri, Nevada, and Virginia;
the part of Yellowstone National
Park in Montana; municipios in
Puerto Rico; and a variety of
entities in the outlying areas. The
District of Columbia and Guam do
not have primary governmental
subdivisions; therefore, the entire
area of each serves as the statistical
equivalent of a county.

Minor Civil Divisions (MCD’s).
These are legally defined county
subdivisions, such as the towns and
townships found in many States.

In some States, incorporated places
are not part of any MCD, and the
Census Bureau treats them as the
statistical equivalents of MCD’s as
well as reporting them as places.

In other States, incorporated places
are subordinate to the MCD(s) in
which they are located, and in
some States the pattern is mixed.

Sub-MCD’s. These subdivisions
of MCD’s are recognized only in
the decennial census of Puerto Rico,
and are called subbarrios.

Incorporated Places. These are
entities incorporated under the laws
of each State. For hierarchical
presentations, the Census Bureau
generally treats places or parts of
places as subdivisions of MCD’s or
census county divisions (CCD’s); in

2

Maps and More

a few States, incorporated places
also serve as MCD equivalents.
They are known as cities, towns,
boroughs, or villages, except for the
towns in the New England States,
New York, and Wisconsin and the
boroughs in New York, which are
treated as MCD’s, and the boroughs
in Alaska, which serve as county
equivalents.

Consolidated Cities. For the 1990
census, the Census Bureau recog—
nized six cities that have consoli-
dated their governmental functions
with a county or MCD, but con-
tinue to contain govemmentally
active incorporated places within
and as part of those cities. These
cities are: Butte-Silver Bow, MT;
Columbus, GA; Indianapolis, IN;
Jacksonville, FL; Milford, CT; and
Nashville-Davidson, TN.

American Indian Reservations
and Trust Lands. Reservations
are areas with boundaries estab-
lished by treaty, statute, and/or
executive or court order. The
reservations and their boundaries
were identified to the Census
Bureau by the Bureau of Indian
Affairs and State governments.
The boundaries of reservations
may cross State, county, county
subdivision, and place boundaries.
Trust lands are properties held in
trust outside a reservation for
American Indians; they are identi-
fied for the Census Bureau by the
Bureau of Indian Affairs.

Alaska Native Regional Corpora-
tions (ANRC’s). The 12 ANRC’s
conduct business for profit for
Alaska Natives with a common
heritage and common interest.
Each comprises an area with

boundaries legally established by
the Secretary of the Interior in
cooperation with Alaska Natives
under the terms of the Alaska
Native Claims Settlement Act.

Congressional Districts (CD’s).
Congressional districts are the 435
areas from which people are
elected to the US. House of
Representatives. The CD’s are
reapportioned among the States
after every decennial census.

Voting Districts. Voting districts,
including election districts, pre-
cincts, legislative districts, and
wards, are defined by State and
local governments for the purpose
of conducting elections. The
boundaries of some voting districts
for which the Census Bureau
presents data are approximate and
may not necessarily represent
legally defined locations.

ZIP Codes. These administrative
entities, identified by five-digit
codes, are established by the US.
Postal Service to expedite mail
delivery. They do not have specific
boundaries and frequently cross
State, county, metropolitan area,
and city boundaries.

Statistical
Geographic Entities

Regions and Divisions. The
Census Bureau has divided the
United States into four regions:
Northeast, South, Midwest, and
West. The regions are divided into
nine divisions, with each region
having two or more divisions.

Metropolitan Areas (MA’s). These
areas are designated and defined by
the Federal Office of Management

and Budget (OMB) following a set
of published standards. To meet
the needs of users, the standards
provide for the creation of three
types of areas: metropolitan
statistical areas (MSA’s), consoli-
dated metropolitan statistical areas
(CMSA’s), and primary metropoli-
tan statistical areas (PMSA’s).
Collectively, these three types are
designated “metropolitan areas”
(MA’s).

MA’s are defined in terms of
entire counties, except in the six
New England States where cities
and towns are used. A MA must
contain either a city with a popula-
tion of at least 50,000 or an urban—
ized area delineated by the Census
Bureau; in the latter case, the MA
must consist of one or more
counties containing a population of
at least 100,000 (75,000 in cities
and towns in New England). The
OMB also has established New
England county metropolitan areas
(NECMA’s) to provide county-
based metropolitan areas in New
England. The Census Bureau
does not prepare separate data
tabulations for the NECMA’s, but
users may do so by aggregating
county data.

A MSA with a population of
one million or more may be
divided into component areas
called PMSA’s. A PMSA consists
of one or more counties (cities and
towns in New England) that
demonstrate, based on specific
standards, strong internal economic
and social links separate from its
ties to other portions of the MSA.
A MSA is redesignated as a CMSA
if the OMB establishes PMSA’s
within the MSA. Every MSA and

(continued on page 3 )

Census Regions and Divisions

WEST

Pacific

Alaska

   

0
HI
Hawaii

0

 
 

MN
ND »
-Minnesota
SD
South Dakota
NE
Nebraska
KS

MO
Kansas

NM
New Mexico

  
   
 

Central

SOUTH

  
 

Louisiana

was

MIDWEST NORTH EAST
Mountain West East Middle New
North Central North Central Atlantic England

 
 
 
   
 
     
  

i VT Vermont

NH New Hampshire
MA Massachusetts

RI Rhoda Island

 

DE Delaware
MD Maryland

FL Florida

   
 

South
Atlantic

East
South
Central

 

«ff/Away. Mae MW @065

 

 

( continued from page 2)

CMSA— but not every PMSA—
has at least one core place, which is
called a “central city.”

Until June 30, 1983, MA’s were
referred to as standard metropolitan
statistical areas (SMSA’s) and
standard consolidated statistical
areas (SCSA’s).

Urbanized Areas (UA’s). A UA
comprises one or more places and
the adjacent densely settled sur-
rounding territory (urban fringe)
that together have a minimum
population of 50,000. The urban
fringe generally consists of con-
tiguous territory having a density
of at least 1,000 people per square
mile. A UA may exclude low—
density territory in one or more
“extended cities”—incorporated
places that contain substantial
territory with a population density
of fewer than 100 people per
square mile.

One or more central places
function as the primary centers of
each UA. Each place that is a
central city of a MA and lies within
the UA also is a central place of the
UA. If the UA does not contain a
central city, its central place(s) is
determined by population size.
The term “central place” was
instituted for the 1990 census
primarily to avoid confusion with
the MA “central city.”

Alaska Native Village Statistical
Areas (ANVSA’s). Alaska Native
villages (ANV’s), consisting of
tribes, bands, clans, villages,
communities, or associations, were
established pursuant to the Alaska
Native Claims Settlement Act.
Because ANV’s do not have
legally designated boundaries, the
Census Bureau has established

ANVSA’s in cooperation with
officials of each participating
ANRC. ANVSA’s are located
within ANRC’s and do not cross
ANRC boundaries. The ANVSA’s
replace, for purposes of data
presentation, the AN V’s recognized
in the 1980 census.

Tribal Jurisdiction Statistical
Areas (TJSA’s). The TJSA’s were
delineated by officials of federally
recognized tribes without reserva-
tions in Oklahoma. They define for
purposes of data presentation, areas
that contain population over which
the tribes have jurisdiction. The
TJSA’s replace the single “Historic
Areas of Oklahoma” recognized in
the 1980 census.

Tribal Designated Statistical
Areas (TDSA’s). The TDSA’s
were delineated by officials of
federally and State-recognized
tribes without reservations outside
Oklahoma. They define, for pur-
poses of data presentation, areas
that contain population over which
the tribes have jurisdiction.

Census Subareas. These areas are
subdivisions of boroughs and
census areas, the county equivalents
in Alaska. They were delineated
cooperatively by the State of Alaska
and the Census Bureau to serve as
the statistical equivalents

of MCD’s.

Census County Divisions
(CCD’S). These county subdivi—
sions are delineated by the Census
Bureau in cooperation with State
and local officials in 21 States. In
these States, MCD’s are not legally
established, do not have govem-
mental or administrative functions,
have frequently changing bound-
aries, are not generally known to
the public, and/or are not suitable

for reporting subcounty statistics.
The CCD’s have no legal function.

Unorganized Territories (UT’s).
Nine of the States with MCD’s
recognized by the Census Bureau
contain one or more counties with
territory that is not included in a
recognized MCD. Such territory is
treated as one or more UT’s—
MCD equivalents—for statistical
purposes.

Census Designated Places
(CDP’s). These entities are
designed to recognize significant
population concentrations that are
not in incorporated places, but have
characteristics similar to such
places, including community
identity, high population density,
and commercial development.

The population size criteria for
CDP’s for the 1980 census required
at least 5,000 people when the
CDP was located in an urbanized
area having a central city of at
least 50,000 people, and 1,000
people in most other areas. For
the 1990 census, the minimum
population size for a CDP was
changed to 2,500 people if the CDP
was located within a 1980 urban-
ized area. Elsewhere, settlements
still must have at least 1,000 people
to qualify with the following
exceptions: Hawaii and the
outlying areas—minimum of 300
people; Alaska—minimum of 25
people; American Indian reserva-
tions—minimum of 250 people;
and “zonas urbanas” in Puerto
Rico—no minimum population.
Changes in population distribution,
new incorporations, and alterations
in the boundaries of incorporated
places affect the inventory, names,
and boundaries of CDP’s from
census to census.

Census Tracts. Census tracts are
small, relatively permanent areas
delineated to cover entire counties,
primarily those in metropolitan
areas. They are designed by local
census statistical areas committees
to be relatively homogeneous with
respect to population characteris-
tics, economic status, and living
conditions at the time they are
established. Census tracts average
4,000 people, but generally range
from fewer than 2,500 to more
than 8,000.

Block Numbering Areas
(BNA’s). BNA’s are statistical
subdivisions created for grouping
and numbering blocks in counties
for which census tracts have not
been established. BNA’s are
delineated by State agencies and
the Census Bureau, using guide—
lines similar to those used in the
delineation of census tracts.

Block Groups (BG’s). BG’s are
combinations of census blocks
within a census tract or BNA that
share the same first digit in their
identifying numbers. For example,
BG 3 within a particular census
tract comprises all blocks num-
bered between 301 and 399. A
census tract or BNA contains a
maximum of nine BG’S.

Blocks. These are the smallest
geographic units for which the
Census Bureau tabulates data.
Many census blocks correspond to
individual city blocks bounded by
streets, but census blocks in rural
areas may include many square
miles and may have some bound—
aries that are not streets. The entire
United States and its territories
were divided into blocks for the
first time for the 1990 census.

 

Hierarchical Relationships

Nation

The Census Bureau organizes geographic
entities into hierarchies for tabulating and
reporting statistics. The entities included in
these hierarchies range from census blocks
(the smallest and most numerous type of
entity) to the United States. Each step up
in a hierarchy has fewer units.

The relationships among the most
common units of census geography
and the way they overlap are shown
at right. States are combined to
form regions and divisions, and Places
are subdivided into counties and
statistically equivalent entities.
These are further subdivided into
legal entities (MCD’s) or statistical
ones (CCD’s, UT’s). (ZIP Codes
generally do not fit into a geographic
structure or hierarchy. They are adminis-
trative units, established by the US. Postal
Service for purposes of mail delivery, that
generally do not respect legal/administrative
boundaries, often do not have specific bound—
aries, and serve continually changing areas.)

   
  

Regions

Divisions

Census Tracts/BNA’s

Block Groups

 

Blocks

   
 
     
    
 
   

Although most American Indian
entities may cross State boundaries,
some tribes are recognized only by

the States in which they are located
and their defined areas do not cross
State boundaries. All Alaska
Native entities are located in
Alaska. The encompassing
term for these entities is
American Indian/Alaska
Native areas (AI/ANA’s).
AI/ANA’s In eight States, every
incorporated place is part
of the MCD(s) in which it is
located; for example, a
village located within and
legally part of a township. In
nine States, all incorporated
places are independent of the
adjacent MCD’s, and the Census
Bureau treats them as the statistical
equivalents of MCD’s. In 12 States,
the pattern is mixed. All places in CCD
States are part of the CCD’s in which they

are located. CDP’s always are part
of the county subdivisions in which
they are located. Many places
cross county subdivision bound-
aries and some cross county
boundaries, but places never cross
State boundaries.

Most counties in MA’s are
divided into census tracts.
Nonmetropolitan counties gener—
ally are divided into BNA’s;
however, several hundred highly
populated non-MA counties took
the initiative to form local commit-
tees that delineated census tracts.
Census tract and BNA boundaries
may cross place, county subdivi-
sion, and other boundaries, but they
never cross State or county bound—
aries. The Census Bureau provides
data both for whole census tracts
and BNA’s, and for each portion

(continued on page 4 )

Maps and More 3

 

 

 

—

(continued from page 3 )

created when such an area is split
by the boundary of a higher-level
geographic entity; for example, the
portion inside a place and the
portion outside a place. In publica-
tions and some data files, the split
census tract/BNA data are provided
only for places with a population of
10,000 or more.

Both census tracts and BNA’s
are further divided into BG’s.

BG’s never cross census tract or
BNA boundaries (and therefore
never cross State or county bound-
aries), but may cross the bound-
aries of other entities. The Census
Bureau provides data both for
whole BG’s and for each portion of
a BC that is split by the boundary
of a higher-level geographic entity;
for example, the portion of a BG
inside a place and the portion
outside.

Census blocks are the smallest
type of geographic entity identified
by the Census Bureau. Census
block numbers are assigned within

each census tract and BNA. All
blocks sharing the same first digit
in their identifying numbers
constitute a BG.

The United States and its
territories also are divided into
urban and rural categories. This
classification cuts across other
hierarchies; for example, there
generally is both urban and rural
territory within each MA and
within the nonmetropolitan portion
of each State. “Urban” comprises
all territory, population, and
housing units in UA’s and in non—
UA places (both incorporated
places and CDP’s) of 2,500 or
more people; however, it excludes
persons living in the rural portions
of “extended cities.” This latter
concept was applied by the Census
Bureau in the 1990 census not only
to incorporated places within UA’s,
but, for the first time, to other
incorporated places that contained
large areas of sparsely settled
territory.

Territory, population, and
housing units not classified as

urban constitute “rural.” Rural
population and housing units are
subdivided into “rural farm” and
“rural nonfarm.” In the 1990
census, “rural farm” includes all
rural households and housing units
on farms from which $1,000 or
more of agricultural products were
sold in 1989; the remaining popula-
tion and housing units are termed
“rural nonfarm.”

Machine-readable data files,
especially from the decennial
census of population and housing,
present data for the lowest-com-
mon—denominator areas within a
variety of geographic hierarchies;
e.g., for county subdivisions
(MCD’s/CCD’s) within county
within State. See the later section
on “Geographic Reporting in Data
Products.”

Decennial Census Small-Area Geography

County

 

 

 

 

 

,
_.
’

._’
_,.—
,—

 

Minor Civil Division (MCD) or
Census County Division (CCD)

Block Group (BG)

Place

  

 

Census Tract or
Block Numbering Area (BNA)

 

Establishing

Legal boundaries generally are
established by State and local
authorities. The boundaries of
most statistical entities are estab—
lished by the Census Bureau, in
cooperation with State and local
officials. Metropolitan areas,
however, are designated by the
OMB. This section describes
several programs that play an
important role in determining the
boundaries of various types of
geographic entities.

Boundary and
Annexation Survey

This annual survey collects
information on new incorporated
places, MCD’s, and counties, along
with detailed descriptions of
boundary changes due to annex-
ations, detachments, mergers, and
other legal actions.

The Census Bureau mails this
survey to an official in virtually
every county each year to verify
the MCD’s and incorporated places
within each county and to obtain a
map of any county boundary
changes. Not every incorporated
place and MCD receives a ques-
tionnaire each year; the mailouts
vary in scope according to popula-
tion and the type of entity needed
in preparation for the decennial and
economic censuses and other
Census Bureau programs. Shortly
before the 1990 census, an official
in every incorporated place re-
ceived a questionnaire and map of
his/her jurisdiction, regardless of

4 Maps and More

Boundaries

population size. For the 1990
census, the mailout also included
all govemmentally functioning
MCD’s for the first time.

Local officials are asked to
complete the questionnaires,
update the boundary of the jurisdic—
tion if the map shows it incorrectly,
and certify that the boundary
shown reflects the legal limits as of
January 1 of the survey year. Each
year, a summary of the boundary
changes and an inventory of
incorporated places and MCD’s are
sent to an official in each State for
review and certification.

The report, Boundary and
Annexation Survey, 1980-1989
(planned for publication in early
1993), will present information
about boundary changes; identify
all newly established governmental
units as well as consolidations,
mergers, disincorporations, and
other selected actions; and report
changes in land area due to bound—
ary alterations that occurred during
the 1980’s.

Census Statistical Areas
Committees (CSAC’s)

Much of the responsibility for
delineating local statistical entities
lies with the CSAC(s) in each MA
and other populous counties. The
CSAC’s are made up of representa-
tives from such organizations as
city and county government
agencies, chambers of commerce,
councils of governments, neighbor—
hood associations, public utilities,

universities, citizens’ groups,
newspapers, and local business
firms.

Following the Census Bureau’s
guidelines, the CSAC’s draw
boundaries for census tracts in
areas new to the program, decide
where to divide existing census
tracts that have grown too large
(generally over 8,000 people), and
sometimes adjust census tract
boundaries, although adjustments
are held to a minimum to avoid
complicating comparisons between
censuses. For the 1990 census, the
CSAC’s had the added opportunity
to delineate BG’s and CDP’s.

If you would like more informa-
tion about the activities of any
particular CSAC, call the Census
Bureau regional office nearest that
area (see page 15) for the name and
phone number of the CSAC’s
contact person.

Block Numbering
Area Program

For counties without census
tracts, State agencies and tribal
governments of American Indian
reservations with at least 1,000
inhabitants had the opportunity to
participate in this program to
define BNA’s. This program also
enabled these officials to delineate
BG’s.

Voting District Program

As part of the 1990 Census
Redistricting Data Program, the
Census Bureau provided participat-

ing States with maps that showed
the boundaries of AI/ANA’s,
counties, MCD’s, incorporated
places, and other entities. Using
guidelines established by the
Census Bureau, the States drew
voting district boundaries on the
maps following the features
(streets, streams, railroads, etc.)
shown on the maps, listed the
names of the districts, and assigned
a unique code to each. The Census
Bureau inserted the boundaries and
codes into the TIGER data base.
The Census Bureau then could
number the census blocks and
aggregate them to tabulate census
data for each voting district. All
States chose to participate in this
program with the exception of
Kentucky, Mississippi, Montana,
and Oregon. States that identified
voting districts in only part of their
territory were Alabama, Georgia,
Idaho, North Carolina, Ohio, South
Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin.

Census Designated
Place Program

This program enabled CSAC’s,
State agencies, and tribal govem-
ments to identify potential CDP’s,
using criteria established by the
Census Bureau. After the 1990
census, the Census Bureau deter-
mined final designations of CDP’s
on the basis of the census counts
used for the Postcensus Local
Review Program.

 

The TIGER System

The Census Bureau, in cooperation
with the US. Geological Survey,
developed the TIGER (Topologi-
cally Integrated Geographic
Encoding and Referencing) System
to automate the Census Bureau’s
geographic activities—and did so in
time to meet the needs of the 1990
census. The TIGER data base, the
computer file at the heart of the
TIGER System, does not contain
any statistical data; it provides a
variety of geographic information,
such as the coordinates for items
ranging from the intersection of two
streets to the boundaries of thou-
sands of legal and statistical enti—
ties. Map features—roads, streams,
etc—are identified by their names,
latitude and longitude coordinates,
and other information.

The TIGER data base also
includes the range of address
numbers located along each side of
each street segment in the areas for
which the Bureau had such infor-
mation for the 1980 census. These
areas covered the urban core and
densely settled suburbs of most
MA’s. The TIGER data base
extended the geographic area
containing address range informa-
tion in 20 of the areas covered in
the 1980 file. The data base also
identifies bodies of water and
selected landmark features, and it
contains the boundaries, names,
and numeric codes for all the
geographic entities described
earlier.

1990 Census TIGER/
LineTM Files

Selected geographic and carto-
graphic information from the
TIGER data base has been released
in the form of the TIGER/LineTM
files—available by county. These
files cover the entire United States,
Puerto Rico, the US. Virgin
Islands, American Samoa, Guam,
the Northern Mariana Islands, and
Palau, as well as two Pacific
territories over which the United
States had jurisdiction at the time of
the 1980 census—the Federated
States of Micronesia and the
Marshall Islands.

Each 1990 Census TIGER/
LineTM file contains digital infor-
mation for all 1990 census map
features as well as the 1990 census
geographic area codes, including
census tracts/BNA’s, block num-
bers, and governmental unit bound-
aries as of January 1, 1990. The
files contain the same geographic
area codes as the 1990 census data
products, including census desig-
nated places, voting districts, and
the 101st Congressional districts.
Another version is planned for mid—
1993 to reflect updates made during
1990 census operations.

The TIGER/LineTM files are
separated into 12 record types that

 

TIGER ’s machine-readable map image is created through a process called
digitizing. Corrections and/0r updates are also made by tracing the changes on
the paper map, which automatically become part of the TIGER data base.

 

contain latitude and longitude
coordinates for the end points of
each line segment; coordinate points
that describe the shape of each line
segment that is not a straight line;
Census Bureau and, where avail-
able, Federal Information Process—
ing Standards (FIPS) codes for AI/
ANA, State, county, county subdivi—
sion, place, census tract/BNA,
block, voting district, and congres-
sional district; a feature names list;
an index to alternate feature names;
and, where available, address ranges
and their ZIP Codes for the right
and left sides of each street seg—
ment. Additional record types
include landmark names, coordi-
nates, and polygon identifiers.

The geographic and cartographic
information in the TIGER/LineTM
files can be combined with statisti-
cal information, such as 1990
census data about population,
housing, or income, or any other
type of data, using mainframe or
personal computers. With the

j proper software, the TIGER/Line?"M

files enable users to create a map of
any area they need and to analyze
information about that area.

Computer mapping is an invalu-
able tool for interpreting data. Its
uses include legislative redistricting,
thematic mapping, and geographic
information systems applications.
State and local governments have
used the TIGER/LineTM files to
generate maps for resource alloca-
tions, site analysis, and emergency
vehicle routing. Businesses such as
utility companies, banks, insurance
companies, oil companies, and
delivery companies have used such
maps to analyze markets and draw
new service area boundaries.
Network analysis allows users to
determine the ideal route between
two points—whether it be the
fastest (directing emergency ve-
hicles) or the safest (movement of
hazardous materials).

Geocoding allows users with
local address files to relate
addresses to particular geographic
areas. By adding a geographic
code, such as a census tract number,
to data records with addresses, the

data can be tabulated or displayed
on a map and compared to other
information, such as census data,
reported for the same geographic
level.

Other TIGER
Extract Files

The following additional extract
products are available or planned
from the TIGER data base:

TIGER/SDTSTM files. These
county-based files, available in
1993, will contain the point, line,
and area information found in the
TIGER/LineTM file in a format that
complies with the FIPS Spatial
Data Transfer Standard (SDTS).

TIGER/BoundaryTM files. These
files will contain coordinate values
for specific 1990 census tabulation-
entity boundary sets. Six files are
planned for release in 1993: State
and county boundaries; census
tract/BNA and block group bound-
aries; AI/ANA, county subdivision,
and place boundaries; urban area
boundaries; AI/ANA boundaries;
and the 103rd Congressional
district boundaries. Each file will
be released in two versions: one
with a full set of coordinates and
one with a reduced set of coordi-
nates suitable for use on personal
computers.

TIGER/GRF-NTM files (Geo-
graphic Reference File - Names).
These are State files of geographic
names and codes for 1990 census
geographic entities, presented in
entity name sort.

TIGER/Census Tract Compara-
bilityTM file. This national file
contains records that compare 1980
and 1990 census tract numbers and
geographic changes. (No other
types of areas will be compared.)

TIGER/GICSTM file. This file
will contain high-level geographic
names, codes, and relationship
data, similar to the published
version of the Geographic Identifi—
cation Code Scheme (GICS)
described below. It can be used to
link geographic entity names to the
codes in the TIGER/Linen“,

TIGER/SDTSTM, and TIGER/
BoundaryTM files. It also will
contain 1990 census population
and housing counts, population
density (CD-ROM version only,
but can be calculated on the tape
version), and area measurement
data, as well as the latitude and
longitude for an internal point
within each geographic entity. It
will be available late in 1992.

TIGER/Census Tract Street
IndexTM. The first version of these
files covers only the portions of
counties that have house-number/
street-name address systems
recorded in the TIGER data base
(generally as of the mid—1980’s).
They are available on computer
tape, microfiche, and custom
computer-printed reports. The
address ranges reported for the
street records show the lowest and
highest numbers within each
census tract rather than for indi-
vidual segment sides as recorded in
the TIGER/LineTM and TIGER/
SDTSTM files. As a result, they are
much smaller files. A later ver-
sion, planned for mid-1993, will
contain address ranges for all areas
with house-number/street-name
addresses, updated to spring 1990.
The second version also will
contain ZIP Codes and the 103rd
Congressional district codes.

TIGER/Map Sheet Corner Point
CoordinateTM file. Though not an
actual extract from the TIGER data
base, this computer-readable file
was created from information
about the maps the Census Bureau
prepared using the TIGER data
base. It provides latitude and
longitude coordinates for the
corner points of each sheet of the
Census Bureau’s County Block
Map (1990) series. This informa-
tion allows users who want to
digitize corrections and updates on
these sheets to locate the identical
section in the TIGER/LineTM and
TIGER/SDTSTM files.

For Software and More
Information

The application software
necessary to use the TIGER extract
files is not provided by the Census
Bureau; however, we will supply a
list of software sources to inter—
ested users. This list, along with
the informational booklet, TIGER:
The Coast-to-Coast Digital Map
Data Base, is available without
charge by contacting:

Customer Services

Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233-8300
301-763-4100;

FAX: 301-763—4794

Maps and More 5

 

Code Schemes and Reference Files

When processing data, especially
by computer, codes can be more
convenient to use than names. The
codes and corresponding names for
the high-level geographic entities
reported in the 1990 census can be
found in the Federal Information
Processing Standards publications
and Census Bureau publications
described below.

Federal Information
Processing Standards
Publications (FIPS PUBs)

Many codes used by the Census
Bureau to identify geographic
entities are the standard codes used
by all Federal agencies. The
National Institute of Standards and
Technology, part of the US.
Department of Commerce, pub-
lishes these codes in a series
known as the Federal Information
Processing Standards Publications
(FIPS PUBs). An excerpt from the
FIPS PUB for MSA’s is shown at
the right. FIPS PUBs are sold by
the Commerce Department’s
National Technical Information
Service, Springfield, VA 22161;
703—487-4650.

FIPS PUB 5-2. Codes for the
Identification of the States, the
District of Columbia and the Outlying
Areas of the United States, and
Associated Areas.

$12.50, hard copy. $9, microfiche.

FIPS PUB 6-4. Counties and
Equivalent Entities of the US, Its
Possessions, and Associated Areas.
$17, hard copy. $9, microfiche.

FIPS PUB 8-5. Metropolitan
Statistical Areas (Including CMSAs,
PMSAs, and NECMAs).

$19, hard copy. $9, microfiche.

FIPS PUB 9-1. Congressional
Districts of the US.
$12.50, hard copy. $9, microfiche.

FIPS PUB 55DC-4. Guideline:
Codes for Named Populated Places,
Primary County Divisions, and Other
Locational Entities of the United States
and Outlying Areas.

$140, hard copy. $590, magnetic tape.

1987 Economic Censuses
City Reference File

This computer tape file presents
a list of post office names (with
spelling abbreviations), State
abbreviations, and ZIP Codes.
Each entry also identifies the
associated State, MA, county, and
place codes for incorporated places
with 2,500 or more inhabitants,
CDP’s with 25,000 or more
inhabitants, and special economic
urban areas (SEUA’s), which are
MCD’s with 10,000 or more
inhabitants in 12 States. The file
provides the capability of assigning
the geographic codes (State, MA,
county, and place) used in the 1987

6

Maps and More

economic censuses to records
containing ZIP Code, post office
name, and State abbreviation. The
Census Bureau will be preparing a
1992 version of this file in conjunc-
tion with its geographic activities
for the 1992 economic censuses.

Geographic Identification
Code Scheme (GICS)

To facilitate computer process—
ing, the Census Bureau assigns
identifying codes to represent and
organize the large number of named
geographic entities in its data files.
Many of these codes appear as a set
of tables in the 1990 Geographic
Identification Code Scheme (to be
published in 1993). They also will
be available in the TIGER/GICSTM
file discussed earlier.

The publication, like the tape,
will include the names of the high—
level legal/administrative and
statistical entities included in the
1990 census, along with their
related 1990 census geographic
codes. The codes correspond to
those on the summary tape files.

In the State portion of the
publication, one table organizes
each State’s subdivisions and
related codes hierarchically—
counties, county subdivisions,
and place or place part. Another
lists places alphabetically within
each state.

Examples of two tables from the
1980 GICS are shown below. The
tables provide the following
geographic codes: FIPS State
code, FIPS county code, census
county subdivision code, census
place code, FIPS 55 codes, FIPS
MA code, and census UA code.
Also shown are the place descrip-
tion code, to indicate whether the
place is a central city of an MA
and/or the central place of an
urbanized area, etc.; and a code to
indicate whether an area has census
tracts or BNA’s. The 1990 GICS
will not identify whether an entity
is block-numbered, because the

entire country was subdivided into
blocks for the 1990 census. It will
include population and housing
counts, land area, and AI/ANA
codes in selected tables.

Contiguous County File

The Census Bureau has pre-
pared this file to aid in processing
information for adjacent and
“nearby” counties. For each
county, FIPS codes and names
identify the related counties with a
code to indicate direct adjacency,
contiguity only through water, and
other geographic relationships to
the “home” county.

 

 

‘1

FIPS PUB 8-5 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (Including CMSAs, PMSAs, NECMAs)

TABLE 1 METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND PRIMARY METROPOLITAN
STATISTICAL AREAS OF THE UNITED STATES AND PUERTO RICO

CODES

(P)ISA LEVEL CISA POSTAL STATE COUNTY PLACE

TITLES AND GEOGRAPHIC COMPONENTS

 

 

   

5200 C Mantle, Indian
IN 18
035 Del-ware county
5320 C Mung”. Michigan
MI 26
121 Muskegon county
8350 C Nubia, New Hump-hire
011 Hillsborough county (pm)
01300 Amherst town
08100 Brookline town
37140 Hollis town
37940 Hudson town
42260 Litchfield town
47540 Merrimack town
48020 Milford town
49140 Mont Vernon town
50260 Nashua city
85220 Wilton town
015 Rockinghun county (pm)
43220 Londondcrry town

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  

 

 

 

 

  

 

   

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   
  
     
 
 
 

 

 

   
 
  
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 
   
  
   
   
  

    

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
   
 

 

 

 

 

   

   
   
  
 
   
  
   
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

. . . .
1980 Geographlc Identlflcatlon Code Scheme (PHC 80-RS)
ALPHABETlC LIST OF PLACE NAMES
010011401110 00015 DESCRIPTWE 00013 0100042100 00015 Discnwnvr 000:5
114141 a 11414:
E 8 a .3 E g a
7: z s U : 8 S a D
‘ 8 :4 n =1 g u, 4.. _
‘7' § ‘” ” w a ’5 5’1 .. w a 36 E g
e: 323 eegéééégee 30 035.03%: a
' ' 00275 03 4 7 41 007 011 0403 0310011 {tomewtlitlom 1000) 00 0440 0440 7 0
3* 3‘13 °° ‘03 12211113511033 11 1 :1 321 3213213 011111111 11 1 m 1 a
' ' 00 _ .
ii $5 3% $0 iiiiiiiii . 01000 11 4 7 a 4 043 045 0415 Gates city 02 4 y
41 043 005 0010 Albany city pt. 01000 11 4 I B 41 047 050 0415 Gates ctty 0t. 02 4 7080
01050 11 0440 0440 7 0 41 007 005 0420 Gearhaflpity 03 4
4i 8%; 8i; 8320 iii-$10303 09 41 047 105 0425 Gen/ans clty. 03 4 7080 T
41 071 019 0025 Ami city ..... 02000 04 4 7 41 803 323 843g gggzmecic'; gt; 4 0440 0440 7 0
0030 Ante CI 02250 01 4
ii (iii 03 0035 411111ch 02000 03 4 41 015 015 0440 Gold Beach 05 4
4:11 a ' 1.. 03050 09 4 4090 7 0 41 029 005 0445 03 4 4090 7
ii 8% gig $8 451122022110} 03050 09 4 4090 7 0 41 023 015 0450 01 4 0
41 007 005 0045 Astotiaci .. . 03150 00 4 0 41 033 025 0455 , 09 4
41 059 005 0050 411127140111. 03200 03 4 41 055 005 0400 eye. 8;
41 047 040 0055 Aumsville city 101.) 03250 04 4 7000 7 41 019 055 0402 010011100 1....
7 070 0055 Aumswllecu 1. 03250 04 4 7000 7 41 001 025 0453 01 4
ii $7 095 0055 Aumsvullecig 31.; 03250 04 4 7000 7 41 023 015 0403 01 4 ‘0 0440 7 a
41 047 035 0000 Aurora 01 03300 03 4 7000 7 41 051 005 0405 11 04
41 001 005 0005 0mm 00 4 0 41 001 035 0470 g; 1
41 011 005 0070 Bandonc 06 4 41 001 020 0475 Hallway 101410..
' 03050 02 4 0440 7 41 043 030 0400 Halsey city. 03 4 7
ii 835 9(3)? $03 3230??” 04 01 4 6440 T 41 007 005 0485 Hammond town 03 4
41 011 020 0000 Barviewl 001., 04400 04 41 31313 81252 34:; “afixarneylsn 32050 iii 4 0440 0440 7 0
83 C' .. .. . 04800 03 4 _ a7 »ru1 a
z} 82; 3?? $2 Wm 11 4 0440 6440 7 0 flU-E'M arbor (00?) 32100 0
\ Mt \ / .. ,......
COUNTIES, COUNTY SUBDIVISIONS, and PLACES
020004111110 00015 0250mm 00015 0200042100 0002: 0150010710 00015
114142 10041
w E 8 a w E Q a
= * = 3 a; .2 1: '2 g 8 § 2 a
"7’ g m m w 3 “'" ’7’ m g m :5 g >— a:
a 3111 w o w a a 8
£32. 553 e axéggggee 253 géarfisegs
71... 07 4 5745 7560 T 8 42 073 120 Washm ton township... 81272 03 1
ii 323 igg 333121 121.01.170.01 03 4 5745 7 0 42 073 125 Wayne ownshlp.... 01770 07 2407 7 0
42 069 195 West Abmgton lawns 02 5745 Y B 42 073 130 mlmmgtan townshl 07 T
42 071 Lancaster County ..... 4000 PART I B 42 075 Lebanon County. PART T
04 4 4000 T B 42 075 005 Annville townstu 07 T
42 gii 3% fig Adamo” 001001311101), 07 4 4000 7 0 42 075 005 0230 41171170010005]... 07 7
42 16 4°11 1 1 :1 312 111 11311012311 31 . 1
42 071 020 07 4000 7 0 ,
42 075 020 Cold Spnng tow 01 I
‘2 071 025 cae-mmmmnsm" 07 4 3% i 3 42 075 025 2415 Cornwall borough... 07 4 7
42 071 030 1910 Christiana 00100 71 04 [a ‘ h 2122‘ 07 I
‘2 0" 035 011111111110 5... 31 2% 1 1 2% 811 331 “gamma '1 3m 07 1
1 ‘10 n .
ii gii NE 2205 03133011103330; 15304 09 4 4000 4000 7 0 42 075 040 Jackson Nashua."- 3333 83 4 ;
42 071 050 Conestoga towns 15592 07 4000 T a 42 075 045 5459 1015250711111t mug 42168 11 4 T B
42 071 055 Conoy 100115111 . 15024 00 4000 7 0 42 075 050 5714 l9. anont-‘IY 111111111111 49500 07 7
42 071 000 2775 Denvet bovougg 1000 00 4 4000 7 0 g; 8;; 332 0704 Mlllcreek 1011115th 3050 04 7
7 005 0 more 10114 " 20032 05 4000 7 0
3% 371 070 1.31 township ..... 20000 00 4000 7 0 3g 3;; E? 3333 04.51001. boron h 3233 g; 3 1
‘2 071 "75 Eas‘cm'm” 209“ 08 “00 T 0 42 075 070 Mirth/11111171112105.1150; 54720 00 7
‘2 071 075 7‘21 R“"‘“°"’"‘CDP 636“ 3; 1% l g 42 075 075 NorthComwalltownsm .. 54920 07 7
3% 31* 33 em 111.031.1110 51333 01 woo r 112 313 .11113111'101110 21111 3; 1
42 071 085 East rumore 1001151110. 21040 06 4000 I B 42 075 080 0‘35 ohvon CDP (1.)..0 .. 03648 04 I
‘2 071 09° “Mmm-wmmp" “072 °7 4°00 1 B 42 075 000 7253 Pleasim 11.11 0017) (pt). 01312 04 7
42 071 095 m1 Hemptleld 1m 21232 09 410024117 7 0 42 07 m 301011111100) 07744 05 7
z 071 100 m1 3% 00 4100 0407 7 0 47 ,3— 0
4‘\071 105 3% 7 4 4100 4000 7 L3 5K

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

Maps

Maps developed for the 1990
census are produced by the TIGER
System, as are all other 1990
census geographic products. They
are being issued over the period
1991—93. The maps are designed
for use with the data the Census
Bureau tabulates (see accompany—
ing chart). They are produced to
appear in or accompany printed
data reports, data microfiche,
summary tape files, and CD-
ROM’s (discussed on page 13).
The maps are produced in two
ways: electrostatically plotted
(computer-generated) and printed.
Electrostatically plotted maps are
sold separately from the printed
reports, microfiche, computer
tapes, and CD-ROM’s. They
include the County Block Maps,
Entity-Based Block Maps, County
Subdivision Outline Maps, Voting

District Outline Maps, Census
Tract/BNA Outline Maps, and
Urbanized Area Boundary Maps.
The map sheets measure 36" x
42" and are priced at $5 per sheet

plus a $25 processing fee per order.

The number of map sheets (of any
particular type) for an area varies,
depending on the type of area, its
size, scale, and feature density.
These maps can be ordered by
contacting: Customer Services,
Bureau of the Census, Washington,
DC 20233-8300; 301-763-4100.
To find out the number of sheets
needed to cover a particular area,
call Customer Services or a re-
gional office geographer (see
phone list on page 15).

Other maps are produced
through a regular printing process
and either appear in the census
reports sold by the Government

1990 CENSUS DATA PRODUCT MAPS

Printing Office (GPO) or are sold
separately by the GPO. Customer
Services, noted above, can provide
ordering information.

Types of Maps

County Block Maps (1990).
These large-scale, county-based
maps show the greatest detail and
the most complete set of geo-
graphic inforrnation. The maps
display block numbers, along with
tabulation-area boundaries and
ground features (such as roads and
streams).

Each county—based map set
consists of one or more parent
sheets at one of 11 standard scales,
depending on the areal size and
shape of the county and the density
of the block pattern. Inset sheets
are used as needed for densely
settled areas and may be on

multiple sheets. Each

 

 

1. ELECTROSTATICALLY PLOTTED MAPS AVAILABLE SEPARATELY

(Contact Customer Services to order)

County Block Maps (1990)
PL. 94-171 County Block Maps (1990)
Entity-Based Block Maps (1990)

County Subdivision Outline Maps (1990)

Census Tract/Block Numbering Area

Outline Maps (1990)

Voting District Outline Maps (1990)

Urbanized Area Boundary Maps (1990)

2. REFERENCE MAPS AND PUBLISHED REPORTS WHERE THEY APPEAR
(The reports listed are being published by the GPO on a flow basis through 1993:
Contact Customer Services or the GPO for ordering information.)

Map Title

The United States of America

Census Regions and Divisions of

the United States

State and County Outline Maps

State/Metropolitan Area Outline Maps

. Metropolitan Areas of the United States: 1990

County Subdivision Outline Maps and Location Indexes

3 Urbanized Area Outline Maps

 

; Urbanized Areas of the United States: 1990

American Indian and Alaska Native Areas: 1990

Congressional District Outline Maps for
the 103rd Congress

Report Series

1990 CPH 1-1,CPH 2-1,CPH-5-1 i

1990 CP-l-l, CP-2-l
1990 CH-l-l, CH-2-l

1990 CPH-l-l, CPH-2-l, CPH-S-l

1990 CP—l—l, CP-Z-l
1990 CH-l-l, CH-2-l

1990 CPH-l, CPH-Z, CPH-S
1990 CP—l, CP-2
I990 CH-l, CH-Z

1990 CPH-2

1990 CPH-l-l, CPH-Z-l, CPH-S-l
1990 CP-l-l, CP-l-lB, CP-2-l, CP-Z-lB
1990 CH-l-l, CH-l-lB, CH—2-l, CH—Z-lB

1990 CPH-l, CPH-Z, CPH-5
1990 CP-l, CP-2
1990 CH-l, CH-Z

1990 CPH-2

1990 CPH-l-l, CPI-L2, CPH—5 ‘
l990CP-l-l,CP—l-1C, CP—2—1,CP-2-lC I
1990 CH—l-l, CH—l—lC, CH-Z-l, CH-2-lC

1990 CPH-l—l, CPH-2-1,CPH-5-l
1990 CP—l-l, CP-l-lA, CP-2-l, CP-2-1A
1990 CH-l-l, CH—l—lA, CH-2-l, CH-2-1A

1990 CPH—4

3. THEMATIC MAPS INCLUDED IN PUBLISHED REPORTS

(These publications will be available from GPO.

Contact Customer Services for the latest ordering information.)

Major Acquisitions of Territory by the United States

and Dates of Admission of States

Mean Center of Population of
the United States: 1790-1990

Median Center of Population of
the United States: 1880 to 1990

Population and Geographic Centers of
the United States: 1990

1990 CPH-2-l

1990 CPH—Z-l

1990 CPH-Z-l

1990 CPH-2-l

1 map set includes an
index map showing
parent and inset map
sheet coverage. (See
pages 10-12).

In addition to the
detail shown on the
County Block Maps, a
PL. 94-171 version
shows voting district
boundaries and codes
in counties for which
States delineated them
as part of the 1990
Census Redistricting
Data Program.

 

Entity-Based Block
Maps (1990). These
maps are produced in
three series: American
Indian Area Block
Maps (1990), Alaska
Native Area Block
Maps (1990), and Place
Block Maps (1990) (for
places that straddle a
county boundary). The
content is the same as
the County Block
Maps, but scales are
designed to focus
coverage on selected
governmental units and
statistically equivalent
entities other than
counties.

County Subdivision
Outline Maps (1990).
These State-based
maps show the names
1 and boundaries of all
counties, county
subdivisions, and
places for which the

 

Census Bureau tabulated data in
the 1990 census. They also show
AI/ANA’s: American Indian
reservations and off-reservation
trust lands, ANRC’s, ANVSA’s,
TJSA’s, and TDSA’s. The maps,
published in smaller scale,
sectionalized form in some reports,
are available from Customer
Services as electrostatic plots
consisting of only one or a few
map sheets for each State.

Census Tract/Block Numbering
Area Outline Maps (1990). These
county—based maps show census
tract/BNA boundaries and num-
bers, the features underlying these
boundaries, and the names of those
features. They also show the
boundaries and names of AI/
ANA’s, counties, county subdivi-
sions, and places. These maps
currently are available as electro-

- static plots, but will be replaced in

late 1992 by a printed version that
will be sold by the GPO. An
example of a Census Tract/BNA
Outline Map is shown on page 8.

Voting District Outline Maps
(1990). These county-based maps
show voting district codes and
names, voting district boundaries,
the features underlying these
boundaries, and the names of those
features. They also show the
boundaries and names of AI/
ANA’s, counties, county subdivi-
sions, and places. These maps are
available only as electrostatic plots
for those counties for which States
delineated voting districts for the
Bureau’s Voting District Program
(see page 4).

Urbanized Area Boundary Maps
(1990). An electrostatic plotter
map is available for each 1990
census UA showing the UA
boundary, the features underlying
the UA boundary, and the names
of those features. These maps also
display the boundaries and names
of AI/ANA’s, States, counties,
county subdivisions, and places.

The United States of America.
This small-scale, page-size map
shows the boundaries and names
of the 50 States and the District of
Columbia.

Census Regions and Divisions of
the US. This page—size map of the
United States shows the boundaries
and names of States, regions, and
divisions. (A reduced copy of it
appears on page 2.)

(continued on page 9)

Maps and More 7

 

 

Census Tract/BNA Outline Map

This example of a Census Tract/BNA Outline Map is one of
two sheets that cover Boone County, Missouri. Census tracts
are distinguished from BNA's by their number; census
tracts are numbered from l-9499.99, and BNA's from
9501-9989.99. The numbers are unique within a county.
Boone County is divided into census tracts. The
population of a census tract normally ranges from

2,500 to 8,000; the average is about 4,000. A census
tract number with a two-digit suffix (other than

.99) generally indicates that the original census

ug H on“.
’ BOONE coumv '°‘9_

Mi.»

  

M‘

 

 

tract has been split. One reason a census tract .
might be split is that its population has grown

beyond that recommended by the Census “3:113?‘
Bureau's guidelines. "““'

19.01

 

A .99 suffix uniquely identifies a f
census tract that was populated entirely .
by persons aboard one or more civilian

or military ships.

PERCHE TWP

In the center of the map is a
shaded area identified by the letter A.
These 10 census tracts are enlarged
on a separate inset map to permit

' display of the names of the
boundary features.

 

  
  
 

“‘3
19.02

moo-.0
Hfiljig§le

ROCKY FORK TWP

 

”to.

9
,1

20

m...‘

 

 

 

 

g 9 ‘
' :COLUMBIA T P

.1

16.02

 

1:;
. 17.02
jj
I
As
- 1 4111mm“
. a, v
r ' A
_ SA and
,. EDAR TWP
17.01
A .
I x ‘.
. ' 1' ”a. ’5.
I 3‘ .
I “'3
I i i
. .
. .2. i
I " 1
. 1.
. «.1 ‘ 'l
I 51/ t ,-
I i
l ‘ HII‘Q‘H" ‘3“)
I . i 0‘ H
: .’ W C
.. §
0115 cd "V.” 1 <
UN r7 ‘ 1
«:51; J 3
.7 - 3
'Mfirr

Maps and More

« >O-O'“'-.~O‘O-O-H”‘0".~.‘-I-O~H-Q’

a:

WW.

A z
9 Centrnlév,’
0 l

CENTRALiaq myt-
‘.”

‘ "a. .

190%01

(STOHanOO; r-a _
1 um ' -a Nivu-n

 

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

( continued from page 7)

State and County Outline Maps.
This page-size, State-based map
series shows State and county
boundaries and names.

State/Metropolitan Area Outline
Maps. This page-size, State-based
map series displays the boundaries
and names of States, counties,
MSA’s, CMSA’s, and PMSA’s. It
shows the location and name of the
State capital and the locations and
names of each MA central city and
other large places in each State.

Metropolitan Areas of the United
States. This two-page map of the
United States shows the coverage
and names of MSA’s, CMSA’s,
and PMSA’s as defined by the
OMB on June 30, 1990. The map
also displays the State boundaries,
and the county boundaries within
MA’s.

Urbanized Area Outline Maps.
In the printed reports, a small-scale
map shows the extent and compo-
nent entities (AI/ANA’s, States,
counties, county subdivisions, and
places) of each UA. Smaller UA’s
are grouped on one page; some
larger UA’s require an entire page
or multiple pages.

Urbanized Areas of the United
States. This two-page map of the
United States shows the names and
locations of UA’s, and the bound—
aries of States and counties.

American Indian and Alaska
Native Areas: 1990. This two-
page map (plus 10 page-size insets)
shows the names and locations of
AI/ANA’s and the boundaries of
States and counties.

Congressional District Outline
Maps for the 103rd Congress.
These page-size maps for each

State, with larger scale insets to
show boundary features in multi-
district counties, depict the bound-
aries and numbers of the districts
of the 103rd Congress of the
United States. Each State map
identifies the congressional dis-
tricts and counties. The maps for
all States and statistically equiva-
lent entities will be combined in a
Congressional District Atlas.

Congressional Districts of the
103rd Congress. This wall-size
map of the United States and its
major territories will show the
boundaries and numbers of the
reapportioned congressional
districts for the 103rd Congress of
the United States—the first Con-
gress based on the reapportionment
resulting from the 1990 census
figures. The maps also will show
State and county boundaries and
county names.

GE-90 Map Series. In addition to
the thematic maps included in the
printed reports, a number of wall-
size (46" x 30") maps displaying
various characteristics from the
1990 census are planned for release
during the decade. The first
available title is Black Persons as a
Percent of Total Population: 1990.
Similar maps are being prepared
for other population groups (per—
sons of Hispanic origin; American
Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut; and
Asian or Pacific Islander). These
and other thematic maps are sold
by the Superintendent of Docu-
ments, Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402;
202-783—3238.

 

Using 1990 Census Maps

Once you’ve determined the type
of map you need, it’s important to
know how all the pieces fit to—
gether and how to read it. On the
following pages are examples of
the different types of map sheets
found in the County Block Map
series. This series generally
includes, for each county, an
index sheet, parent sheets, and
inset sheets.

The legend, shown at the right,
appears on each sheet in the
County Block Map series. The
Key to Adjacent Sheets identifies

the numbers of the adjoining parent

sheets. The example below
highlights the sheet being used—
in this case, parent sheet 2— and
identifies the adjacent parent sheets
(or the lack of an adjacent sheet).
The index sheet (shown on page
10) shows the location of the
parent sheets within the county,
and parent sheet number 2 is
illustrated on page 11.

Key to Adjacent Sheets

 

International
American Indian Reserve
Trust Land

Alaska Native Regional

Area. Tribal Jurisdicti
Statistical Area. or Tr
Designated Statistical

State‘

County‘

Minor Civil Division2
Census County Division
Incorporated Place
Census Designated Place

Corporate Corridor

Block Number (Uith Aste
Fishhook‘

Cree-of-Vessel

Note:
depicts a county boundary.
in the example:

3.9.:

FEATURE
Interstate Highway and
Other Highway5

City Street. Other Conn
Dirt Road5

Jeep Trail. Walkway. or
Railroad

Ferry Crossing

 

 

 

 

 

Pipeline or Power Trans

Ridge. Fence. Canyon. 0
Physical Feature

Nonvieible Boundary or
Feature Not Elsewhere C

Perennial Stream. or Sh
of Perennial Voter Body

Intermittent Stream. or
of Intermittent Voter B

Large River. Lake. or
Other Voter Body

 

\ Military Installation

 

 

Park (National. State.

Mountain Peak

 

Inset Area

SYMBOL DESCRIPTION

 

LEGEND
SYMBOL NAME STYLE FIPS CODE CENSUS CODE
* i i i i i t t *

CANADA
ticn ‘
X X X X X X X X X

Corporation 0 0 0 O 0 O O 0 0

Alaska Native Village Statistical

on
ibaI
Area

0 0 6 0 0 0 0 O

' NEW YORK
ERIE COUNTY

4..a

O 0 O O O O O O O

O O O O O O O O O

 

O O O O O O O O 0

Census Tract or Black Numbering Area'

326-

<:——:*

Treat
Bleak

risk)’

An international boundary also depicts a state boundary and a county boundary; a state boundary also
The symbols for all other coincident boundaries are shown alternately. as shown

a 0 @ Q Q era 9 w

SYMBOL

Limited Access Road“ ——

eating Road. or

Stairway

mission Line
r Other _ ..........
Other

Iassified

oreline

Shoreline
ody

or Local)

 

 

 

 

 

'% : vr~ t .w

x X x X x x X x x

' State or County; or their squlVGIOnL area for statistical aurposes.

‘7 Rood names in par-ntheeae indicate that the road has more than one name

thal there was insufficient space to plot a road name.

 

   

www-u‘u
. v

  

2l30.99
9011

NAME STYLE

Interstate 535
Rte iOl

Harsh Ln

Laballa Balk

Rm“
PROPERTY LINE
filnbling Creek
Piney Creek

Pleasant Lake

Fort Belvoir
Yosem1te

Pikes Peak

 

A Z symbol indicates

 

Maps and More 9

 

 

 

County Block Map Index Sheet

This index sheet for the County Block Maps for

 

Boone County, Missouri shows how the county is
divided into map sheets. The numbers 1 through 4
tell you that the county consists of four parent
sheets. The shaded areas identify densely
developed areas that require maps of a larger
scale. These are inset map sheets, identified
here by the letters A through 1. Two of the
inset areas, A and C, require multiple map
sheets. Area A consists of three sheets and
area C consists of nine sheets. A complete
set of County Block Maps for Boone
County consists of an index sheet, 4
parent sheets, and 19 inset sheets, for
a total of 24 sheets. Because the map
sheets are large (36" x 42") and
many areas require multiple inset
maps, the index sheet can be
helpful in putting the map
sheets together properly. The
index sheet also shows the
boundaries of the county,
county subdivisions,
places, and AI/ANA’s.
The county name

 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 

 

 

 

______

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

_,_...._

 

 

 

appears only in the
title; no other entity
names are shown.
Those who need
only a portion of a
county, can
purchase the

  
 
 
 

 

 

index sheet to
identify which
parent sheets
and insets to

l
L“-.-

 

 

 

 

order. Parent sheet
number 2 is shown
on page 11.

""""

 

  

MCD or CCD
boundary

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 0 Maps and More

Area A

has3—>

, inset map
‘ sheets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cou ty
boun dary

 

 

Broken line in icates

incorporated lace
boundaries l

Area C
has 9

inset map
sheets /

 

County Block Map Parent Sheet

The next level in the County Block

Map series is the parent sheet. The Inset B is shown
Key to Adjacent Sheets, located on page 12

next to the legend on page 9,

shows where this parent sheet V 1‘" SALING TWP

number 2 fits when putting together " " H °°““"‘°'9’

the four parent sheets that cover
Boone County.

The shaded lines show the
boundary for census tract 20. The
pentagon-shaped symbols identify
the boundary of Centralia township.
The FIPS 55 code for Centralia
township is 12916 and the census
code is 015.

Also shown on this map are the
1990 census block numbers, which
have three digits and may include an
alphabetic suffix. All block num—
bers beginning with the same digit
within a census tract or BNA form a
block group (BG). For example,
blocks numbered 101-199 make up
BG 1 within a specific census tract
or BNA. The map also shows
streets, roads, and other features,
such as railroads, streams, and lakes,
and their names.

The shaded areas, identified by
the letters B, C, D, and H, indicate
that there is a separate inset sheet for
each of these areas. Inset B, cover—
ing part of Centralia township, is
shown on page 12.

CEMJNTY

8
>.
..
z
3
o
o
m
z
o
o
m

 

Maps and More 11

 

County Block Map Inset Sheet

County Block Map inset sheets
enlarge areas where block patterns
are too dense, at the map scale of
the parent sheet, to name streets

 

    
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I 029' l 028

1.251.132 Tatum-:12:

 

 

 

 

124B-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  
 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

and display block numbers. In th1s Q we” 5 .........,.,....,...,§
example, inset B (identified on the 1’ “ ‘9h 3 E 1'.
parent sheet on page 11 by the 159 w 2“ t: =
' H .2 _)
letter B) enlarges the port1on of 3 2 nu % 120 “W § 5
Centralia township that contains a 4:1 5 ”Z : [3/ ‘2” : :‘g
. . . - ' ° 5 5
part of Centralia c1ty, an Incorpo— '3’ g I g 5 a
rated place whose boundary is —_/ fl ‘23 .
: tn “
shown by the solid c1rcles. The : ”3 5 m? ”7 "a ”9 ‘2‘ '22
. 5 :
same symbols and features (118- d1 ”7 5 ”° mm 31
é 3 I42 Q
played .on the parent sheet appear «$1 535 ”1 14031 ‘39 135 5
on the inset sheet. .5 1m r ”5 147 A ‘37 130 .31 g
_ - - 3 143 i c, v
The data for block 433 in census fig “ s L ”9; 150 Z” 1, 5°“: "” 5‘ §
. . ' n 2 9r 3 “ f ‘5‘ 5 "7 m
tract 20 Wthh are tabulated 1n fi‘ L : '52.: 3 1353 134 133 ‘5
. $3 ‘57 155m 7 (If 3 a ‘32 E
1990 Summary Tape F1le 1B, are 1i» it mm s: ‘5‘ m i ‘” a “‘ I
_ " z 154 g :1"? ‘ " o .3
1llustrated on a e 13. 1 '59 “’ 6“"‘33‘ra ‘ 1553 1732 m
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’ 208 . 405 South In '
d 209 2‘” ”5/- 157
a, '96 _1_ Sn“, 5 206 205 170
213 212 g 211 J 204 203 405 404
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531 j v 2 arm ‘
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1 2 E 3 2“ 240 l 35 2‘
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VT!“ 221A _ 2255‘ ‘ L‘ “ U, St ‘0 418 (ON ’2‘: 3’
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12

Maps and More

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Q 4qu .
9....‘...—

     
 

 

 

Geographic Reporting in Data Products

The level of geography for which
the Census Bureau reports data
varies depending on the census or
survey and the form in which the
data appear.

1990 Census Data
Products

The forms in which the data appear
range from the traditional printed
reports to the most recent delivery
medium, compact disc-read only
memory (CD—ROM). These
products are briefly described here.
For more details about them and for
other information about the 1990
census, see 1990 Census of Popula-
tion and Housing Tabulation and
Publication Program or Census ’90
Basics. Both of these booklets are
available free from Customer
Services.

Reports. The Census Bureau
releases printed reports in several
series that are grouped under three
broad titles: 1990 Census of
Population and Housing ( I 990
CPH), I 990 Census of Population
(1990 CP), and I 990 Census of
Housing (1990 CH). A number of
the report series include a report for
the United States, each State, the
District of Columbia, Puerto Rico,
the US. Virgin Islands, and four
Pacific territories. The US. sum-
mary reports contain data for the
United States, regions, divisions,
States, MA’s, UA’s, AI/ANA’s, and
substate areas which may need to
meet specified minimum population
requirements. The State reports
contain data for the State, AI/
ANA’s (or portions of AI/ANA’s)
located in the State, and substate
areas such as counties, county
subdivisions, and places. Reports
that present data at the small-area
level, such as census tracts, contain

Columbia city is an incorporated
place. Parts of Columbia city are
found in each of four MCD’s,
whose boundaries are shown by the
pentagon-shaped symbols: Cedar
township, Columbia township,
Missouri township, and Rocky
Fork township. The report pro—
vides data for that part of Columbia
city found in each MCD, as well as
for the city total.

Summary Tape Files on Com-
puter Tape. The four summary
tape file (STF) series that report
the results of the 1990 census are
designed to provide statistics with
greater subject and geographic
detail than is feasible or desirable
in printed reports. The STF’s are
offered on computer tape and, in
some instances as described below,
on microfiche and CD-ROM.

Each STF is made up of three or
more files with different levels of
geographic detail. Each file also
offers data for entities within
various geographic hierarchies; for
example, for blocks within a block
group within a census tract/BNA
within a place within a county
subdivision within a county within
a State.

STF 1 contains lOO—percent data
(such as age, race, sex, and number
of rooms) and has four files. STF
1A goes down to the block group
level; STF IE, to the block level;
STF 1C covers the US, regions,
divisions, AI/ANA’s, States,
counties, places and county subdi-
visions (in 12 States) of 10,000 or
more inhabitants, MA’s, and UA’s;
and STF 1D contains data by
congressional district (103rd
Congress). An extract of STF IE
on CD—ROM contains 21 selected
population and housing items from
the STF 1B tape file. An example
from the extract showing block
data is illustrated at the lower right.

 

less subject—matter detail

STF 2 also contains 100—percent
data, but with more subject detail
than STF l. STF 2A provides data
for census tracts/BNA’s in MA’s
and the remainder of each State;
STF 2B, for the State, AI/ANA’s,
counties, and county subdivisions
(in 12 States) and places of 1,000
or more inhabitants; and STF 2C's
geographic structure is the same
as STF 1C.

STF 3 contains sample data
(such as ancestry, income, employ-
ment status, and selected shelter
costs for homeowners) in four files.
STF 3A has the same geographic
structure as STF lA; STF 3B
provides data for 5-digit ZIP Codes
within each State; and STF’s 3C
and 3D are the same as STF’s 1C
and 1D.

STF 4 contains more-detailed
sample data in three files. STF
4A’s geographic structure is the
same as STF 2A; STF 4B is the
same as STF 2B; and STF 4C is
the same as STF 2C.

Microfiche. STF 1A and STF 3A
are available on microfiche, along

with extracts of a limited set of
data for all populated census blocks
from STF 1B.

CD-ROM. STF’s 1A, 1C, 3A, 3B,
and 3C are available on CD-ROM,
as are extracts from STF 1B.

User-Defined Areas Program.
The Census Bureau developed the
User-Defined Areas Program
(UDAP) for users who need 1990
census data for geographic areas
that are not available in the stan-
dard data products.

The UDAP makes selected
social, economic, and housing data
available for geographic areas
defined by users. To participate in
this program, each user-defined
area must be delineated in terms of
whole census blocks on maps
provided by the Census Bureau.

This program operates on a
user-fee basis, with the Census

‘ Bureau providing County Block

Maps on which participants
delineate the areas of interest.
Printed data tables are prepared for
each area. For an additional fee,

(continued on page 14)

Summary Tape File 1B (Extract)

STF I B contains data down to the block level. Shown here is the CD-ROM
extract from STF I B for block 433 in census tract 20 in Centralia City,
Centralia township, Boone County, Missouri. This area is illustrated on
the County Block inset map shown on page 12.

 

O40 Boone County

050 Boone County

060 Centralia township
070 Centralia city (pt.)
080 Tract 20 (pt.)
090 BG 4 (pt.)

100 Block 433

Housing Units and Units in Structure(3) [3[
Univers: Housing units

1990 Census of Population And Housing - Block Statistics

 

while those with a greater
amount of subject-matter
detail contain only higher
levels of geography.

An excerpt from the
1990 Summary Population
and Housing Characteris-
tics (1990 CPH—l), at the
right relates the data to
areas shown on the Census
Tract/BN A Outline Map

for Boone County (page 8).

Excerpt from a I 990
Summary Population and

Housing Characteristics
Report (1990 CPH—I—27)

 

 

 

fl
Table 1. Age: 1990—Con.
(For definitions of terms and meanings of symbols, see text)
State ‘
County
County Subdivision
Place All persons
Boone County ....................... 12 379
Bourbon township ............... 2 140
Sturgeon city ..................... 838
Cedar township ................... 9 233
Ashland city ...................... 1 252
Columbia city (pt.) ........ 215
Hartsburg town ................. 131
Centralia township .............. 4 143
Centralia city (pt.) .............. 3 414
Columbia township ............... 38 240
Columbia city (pt.) ........ 29 871
Missouri township ................. 49 428
Columbia city (pt.) ........ 39 015
Rocheport city ................... 255
Perche township ................... 3 475
Harrisburg town .................. 169
Rocky Fork township ............ 5 720
Columbia city (pt.) ........ -
Hallsville city ..................... 917

 

 

 

Total ................................................................................................................................................ 45
1 Unit Detached or Attached ............ 41
10 or More Units ............................................................................................................................... 0
Mean Number of Rooms(1) [1]

Universe: Housing units

Mean Number of Rooms .............................................................................................................. 72.0
Tenure (2) [2]

Universe: Occupied housing units

Owner Occupied Housing Units ...................................................................................................... 32
Renter Occupied Housing Units ..................................................................................................... 11

Mean Value(1) [1]

Universe: Specified owner-occupied housing units

Mean Value .............................................................................................................................. 74,300
Mean Contract Rent(1) [1]

Universe: Specified renter-occupied housing units paying rent

Mean Contract Rent ...................................................................................................................... 149
Housing Units With 1.01 or More Persons Per Room(2) [2]

Universe: Occupied housing units

Total Occupied .................................................................................................................................. 0
Renter Occupied ............................................................................................................................... 0
Persons ln Occupied Housing Units(1) [1]

Universe: Occupied housing units

Persons ln Occupied Housing Units ............................................................................................. 111
Housing Unit Occupants(2) [2]

Universe: Occupied housing units

One-Person Housholds .................................................................................................................... 7
Family Householder, No Spouse Present With 1 or More Persons < 18 yrs

Persons(1) [1]

Universe: Persons

Total .............................................................................................................................................. 1 1 1
Race(4) [4]

Universe: Persons

White ............................................................................................................................................. 1 1 1
Black ...............................................

  

American Indian. Eskimo, or Aleut ..
Asian or Pacific lslander ................................................................................................................... 0
Persons of Hispanic Origin(1) [1]

Universe: Persons of Hispanic origin

 

 

Total .................................................................................................................................................. 0
A96(2) [2]

Universe: Persons

Under 18 years ............................................................................................................................... 27

65 years and over ........................................................................................................................... 16 J

 

13

Maps and More

( continued from page 13)

narrative profiles and a map
showing the location of each
defined area are available, as well
as computer tape files and flexible
diskettes.

General questions about the
UDAP may be directed to Cus-
tomer Services, 301-763-4768.

Special Tabulations Program.
The Special Tabulations Program
offers an alternative to data users
whose needs cannot be met by the
UDAP. Such needs may include
specialized cross tabulations,
unusual product formats, or data
tabulations for geographic areas
that require splitting blocks. For
information on special tabulations
requiring population data, call
301-763-5476; for housing data,
call 301-763-8553; for tabulations
that require split blocks, call
301—763—3827.

Other Censuses
and Surveys

Geographic coverage in cen-
suses and surveys other than the
decennial census of population and
housing is considerably less
detailed. The various censuses
provide statistics in greater geo-
graphic detail than the surveys; for
example, the monthly and annual
wholesale trade surveys publish
data only for the United States,
whereas the census of wholesale
trade covers the United States,
States, MA’s, counties, and se—
lected places.

The greatest variety of statistics
and the most detailed classifica-
tions usually are published at the
national level. There are fewer
statistics and less-detailed classifi-
cations for States, and fewer still
for smaller areas, to avoid disclos—
ing information about individual
firms and to assure accurate
tabulations.

Limited statistics are summa-
rized for individual 5-digit ZIP
Codes in the censuses of retail
trade, service industries, and
manufactures. ZIP Code reporting
takes the place of reporting for
other types of small areas in earlier
censuses. Prior to 1987, the census
of retail trade reported data for
central business districts (CBD’s),
which contained large concentra-
tions of retail stores within MA’s,
and major retail enters (MRC’S);
reporting for CBD’s and MRC’s
was discontinued in 1987 because
of the high cost of delineating and
tabulating data for these areas.

Among the current statistics
programs, only those based on
governmental administrative
records—County Business Patterns
and Current Construction Re-
ports——provide information for
counties or places. The retail trade
survey produces data for only the
largest States and MA’s. The
annual survey of manufactures
produces State data, but only a few
of the Current Industrial Reports
have State data.

The economic censuses, col-
lected every 5 years for years

ending in “2” and “7,” present
statistics for the Nation, States,
MA’s, counties, selected places,
and ZIP Codes, but that coverage
varies among the censuses. The
level of detail varies with the
number of establishments or the
number of employees in each
particular sector; for example, the
retail trade and service industries
censuses have more data for
smaller counties and places than
the other economic censuses
because these entities have more
retail and service establishments.
The 1987 Economic Censuses of
Outlying Areas provide data for
Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern
Mariana Islands and the US.
Virgin Islands.

The census of agriculture, also
collected for years ending in “2”
and “7,” provides data at the
national and State levels, and for
Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern
Mariana Islands, and the US.
Virgin Islands. It is the only
source of uniform agricultural data
for almost 3,200 counties and their
statistical equivalents. For the first
time in the 1987 census, limited
data were tabulated by 5-digit ZIP
Codes. Three related surveys were
conducted in connection with the
census of agriculture:

- 1988 Farm and Ranch
Irrigation Survey

- 1988 Agricultural Economics
and Land Ownership Survey

- 1988 Census of Horticulture
Specialties

Some censuses and surveys
provide data for “nonstandard”
geographic entities; for example,
special economic urban areas
(SEUA’s) in the economic cen-
suses are MCD’s with 10,000 or
more inhabitants in 12 States; the
census of mineral industries
presents some statistics on petro-
leum and natural gas industries for
selected offshore areas; the Current
Industrial Report series presents
selected statistics for areas such as
brick industry regions and lumber
industry regions; and the Farm and
Ranch Irrigation Survey provides
data for water resource areas.
Users with special needs not
covered in any of the censuses or
surveys may contract with the
Census Bureau to obtain special
tabulations.

Data from the economic
censuses and surveys are made
available in a variety of forms
including printed reports, computer
tapes, CD-ROM, flexible diskette,
and microfiche. A few large sets
of data appear only on computer
tape and CD-ROM; most survey
data are issued only in print.
Geographic area reports usually are
issued on a State—by-State basis and
feature general statistics such as the
number of establishments, employ—
ees, payroll, and sales. The
censuses of mineral and construc-
tion industries issue geographic
area reports for the census

(continued on page 15)

Geographic Entities for Which Various Census Bureau Programs Tabulate Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cersuses Selected Gment Programs
A,” EoonomicOensus _
Current American County Current Current
Population Govern- Retail Wholesale Service Manu— Mineral Constr. Trans- Agricul- Population Pop. Housing Business Business ASM/ Constr. Foreign
8rHotsing ments Trade Trade Industries features Industries industries portation ture Ests. Survey Survey Patterns Reports‘ CIR2 Reports Trade
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places ....... OR 00 $0 $0 80 R
Censusdeslg- [DEG
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districts ..... B
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ingaress ..... 0
Blockgoups... Owe
Blocks ........ owe
ZlPCodes ..... 00 00 90 80 $98
‘Reteil trade, wholaeletrade servicel industries. 2Annual SurveydMenufactures/Ourrentlndustrial Reports (Most CIR‘s ovideU.S. level data. with someforselected States.) ’Wholesaletradeonly. ‘Retail trade only. 5Includes
stat'sllcellyequlvalent erltitlea RSelectedsuatee (12)only 7SeIecIedStates(a)only.' nlythosawlrhz 5000rmorelnfiébitants
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TheBureau'aperiodic GunnymdmdeaBookl(OCDQED*m-OG+B andStateaxiMetmpolitanAreaDataBookED*m-+fl present socieiandeconomicdatafrom variouscensusfiendcumem programs, aswellasfrom
non-Census sources. The OCDBoontains sane statistics down to the pine level.

 

14 Maps and More

 

T— s

 

(continued from page 14)

divisions rather than individual
States because of the limited
amount of data for States.

The Guide to the 1987 Eco-
nomic Censuses, the Guide to the
1987 Census ongriculture and
Related Statistics, and the History
of the 1987 Economic Censuses,
provide information on how the
Census Bureau collects data, the
geographic areas covered, the
the form in which the data are
published, and examples of how
the data can be used. Contact
Customer Services for ordering
information.

Geographic Reference Products

In addition to producing maps and
computer files, the TIGER data
base affords the Bureau with the
opportunity to prepare a variety of
reports that present, cartographi-
cally or in tabular format, informa—
tion on the geographic distribution
of the population, land and water
area, and other subjects of a
geographic nature. As funding
permits, the Census Bureau plans
to issue the following during the
next several years:

Centers of Population for States
and Counties, 1950-1990. This
report will present both a graphic

and tabular description of the
centers of population of the United
States and each State from 1950 to
1990 based on population counts in
the corresponding decennial
census. It will include a table
giving the 1990 population center
for each county and a map showing
the population center of the United
States and each State for each of
the reference years.

Agricultural Atlas of the
United States. This atlas will
present a profile of the Nation’s
agriculture in a series of US. dot
and multicolored pattern maps.

Geographic Areas Reference
Manual. This guide is being
developed for data users in general
as well as for local census statisti-
cal areas committees and other
agencies and groups working with
the Census Bureau to maintain and
improve the geographic areas,
concepts, and methods used for
data presentation in the demo—
graphic, economic, and agriculture
censuses.

 

For More Information

An understanding of census
geography, from defining areas and
their relationships to delineating
their boundaries, is important in
using Census Bureau products. For
users of Census Bureau products,
the resources available are numer-
ous and varied.

For the 1990 census and the
many specialized censuses and
surveys, there is likely to be a
report, a tape, a diskette, or a CD—
ROM, and a map to meet the needs
of most users. For those whose
statistical and/or geographic needs
cannot be met by the Census
Bureau’s standard products, special
arrangements can be made to fulfill
individual requests. To find out
more about any of the products
mentioned, to inquire about their
availability, or to place an order
for those not sold by the GPO,
contact Customer Services, Bureau
of the Census, Washington, DC
20233-8300; 301-763-4100.

For help in understanding
geographic concepts, a list of
phone numbers for geographic
assistance at the Census Bureau
and its 12 regional offices is
provided here.

 

v

 

Census Bureau Contacts for
Geographic Information

Area Measurement ............... 301~763-5720
Census Geographic
Concepts ................................. 763—5720

Census Tracts:

Address Allocations Regional Offices
Boundaries, Codes,

Delineation Regional Offices
Centers of Population .................. 763-5720
Congressional Districts:

Address Allocations .................. 763-5692
Boundaries, Component
Areas ...................................... 7636827

Legal/Administrative Areas:
Annexations, Boundary
Changes .................................. 763-3827
State Boundary Certification ..... 763-3827
1990 Counts Within Current
Boundaries ............................. 763-3827

Maps:
1980 Census Map Orders 812-288-3192
1990 Census Map Orders 301-763—4100

 

   
    
   
 

Cartographic Operations ........... 763-3973

Computer Mapping ................... 763-3973
Metropolitan Areas ..................... 763-7208
Outlying Areas .................. 763-2903
Statistical Areas ........................... 763—3827
TIGER System:

Applications .......763-1384

Future Plans ..... 763—4664

Products .................... 763-4100
Urbanized Areas ................... 763—3827
Urban/Rural Residence ..... 763-7962
Voting Districts ........................... 763-3827
ZIP Codes:

Census Data .............................. 763—4100

Geographic Relationships ......... 763-4667

Geographic Specialists in the

Regional Offices

Atlanta, GA .......................... 404—730-3956
Boston, MA .......................... 617-565-7113
Charlotte, NC ....................... 704-521-4447
Chicago, IL .......................... 708-409-4632
Dallas, TX ............................ 214-767-7482
Denver, CO .......................... 303-969-7760
Detroit, MI ........................... 313-354-1990
Kansas City, KS ................... 913-236-3751
Los Angeles, CA .................. 818—904-6364
New York, NY ..................... 212—264-6272
Philadelphia, PA .................. 215-597—1 139
Seattle, WA .......................... 206-728-5557

J

15

Maps and More

 

 

 

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MADILS

Guide to

Census Bureau
Geography
—

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US. Department of Commerce
Barbara Hackman Franklin, Secretary
Rockwell A. Schnabel, Deputy Secretary

Economics and Statistics Administration
J. Antonio Villamil, Acting Under Secretary
for Economic Affairs and Administrator

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
Barbara Everitt Bryant, Director

Data User Services Division
Marshall L. Turner, Jr., Chief

This guide was prepared by Barbara L. Hatch], under the general direction of Gary M. Young, Chief,
User Publications Section, and with assistance of the Geography Division, Robert W. Marx, Chief.

The staff of the Administrative and Publications Services Division, Walter C. Odom, Chief, provided publication planning, if“ "‘0“;
editorial review, and printing planning and procurement. Design and layout was provided by Electronic Graphic and Design Section, 8!
Administrative and Publications Services Division. ' j

July 1992 A ”an: or