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PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION
Illustrated with Two Sumptuous Colored Panoramas and Eighty-Four Pages of Engravings of its Principal
Scenes and Features.THE TOWER OF JEWELS AND GREAT SOUTH GARDENS.
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The completion of the Panama Canal splendidly illustrates Stilton’s fine saying: “Peace hath her victories no less renowned than war.” This Exposition was created for the purpose of celebrating one of the greatest victories of peace—one of the most stupendous features of engineering—one of the most stupendous factors in commerce and civilization of the future—the marriage of the two great seas which wash our shores? It has been the dream of men ever since Balboa first looked with wonder and delight upon the peaceful ocean. God be praised! It remained for us—a people and nation then unborn—to realize this dream of four hundred years and of billions of people. It is a proud thought that we and we alone have conferred this magnificent boon upon the human race. It is cause for sober reflection and self-congratulation that, while all the other great powers are engaged in war, this mighty republic is enthusiastically celebrating one of the greatest of all achievements of peace. We are entitled thereby to the blessing vouchsafed to the peacemakers in the Sermon on the Mount.1'HE GOLDEN GATE ERO.M THE TOWER OF JEWELS
Here from the beautiful tower is seen the Golden Gate. From the days of the gold discovery this great waterway has been famed In song and story as the pathway to a haven of plenty, and every ray of the sunset scene has been interwoven with golden threads of hope and promise. Looking upon the scene one can but recall in fancy the adventurers and the picturesque craft that have floated over the blue waters. Plainly in the distance at the left is seen Fort \Vin-fleld Scott with Fort Point on the right, government fortifications guarding the Golden Gate. In the foreground are the great exhibit palaces of the Exposition. More distant from left to right are the Fine Arts Palace, Argentine’s beautiful pavilion, Oregon’s unique State building, and beyond many buildings. All are here testifying to the spirit of gratitude of the peoples of the States and of the nations of the earth because of the Canal.
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THE COURT OF THE UNIVERSE FROM THE TOWER OF JEWELS
Grand and beautiful vistas may be seen from the Tower of Jewels. This picture shows the main central court from the tower. The fountains with their silvery spray, and rhododendrons in full bloom, make an entrancing picture. In the view is shown Sousa’s Band giving one of its daily concerts in the band stand beyond the sunken garden. At anchor in the San Francisco Bay may be seen three of the battleships of the United States Navy, the Oregon, “the bull dog of the navy,” being in the center. Hundreds of people daily visit this battleship, which is famed for its record-breaking run around Cape Horn.ARCH OF THE RISING SUN
The Arch of the Rising Sun is a beautiful architectural Universe, which is especially rich in allegorical groups and East.”
achievement, with characteristic Oriental features, situated at the eastern end of the Court of the ligures. It is surmounted by the magnificent emblematic group oi sculpture, I he rsations oi tneSCENE IN THE INTERIOR OF THE PALACE OF LIBERAL ARTS
In this beautiful structure, the Palace of Liberal Arts, are centered over two hundred and fifty exhibitors covering a variety of the most interesting subjects to see at an Exposition. The Panama Canal, the United States official exhibit under the charge of the Government Exhibit Board, showing the Canal and ( an il Zone, halliard Cut, models of the construction machinery, sanitary appliances, maps, drawings, blue prints, photographs, etc., representing all phases ,.t roi\_ struetion ni the Canal, occupies a quarter of the space. Argentine, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands. Portugal, and Uruguay have smile splendid exhibits in their sections, and the other great body ol the palace is occupied by many of the liberal art products of America. These cover hooks and publication,, the chemical and pharmaceutical arts, medicine and surgery, electrical methods, philosophical apparatus, models in architecture and meats, theater appliances and equipment, typography, and printing presses.
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SKte^i»^«S2. • — 4l> EJ[ electrical Bureau. Bureau of Standards, and Isthmian Canal Commission	’ Arts Commlsslon’ Smithsonian Institute, Public ' Health. Red C^ss. MaHne jgSgg"‘Library of'congreL^CensulsJRti
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INTERIOR OF 1'HE PALACE OF MANUFACTURES
The Palace of Manufactures contains a great variety of exhibits covering carpets and rugs, hardware, stoves and ranges, household utensils, plumbers’ supplies, enameled ware, rubber goods, the products of the boat builders, the rope makers, the boot and shoe manufacturers, the leather and lumber men, and the builders of billiard tables, the makers of gloves and hats, and space has been used for electrical apparatus and file and saw makers. The ingenuity and artistic taste displayed In arranging many of these exhibits greatly enhances their attractiveness. The Japanese, Italian, French, and English sections here are particularly interesting.


THE PALACE OF MANUFACTURES
This view show's the Palace of Manufactures upon the Avenue of Palms. Within its walls are smaller palatial structures, elaborate booths and exhibit pavilions, in which are displayed the finest fabrics and manufactured goods of every description. The products of the loom, from all countries, form one of the most extensive displays among the great diversity of lines of manufactures exhibited.INTERIOR OF THE PALACE OF MACHINERY'
In the Palace of Machinery arc centered great products of modern America in heavy machinery, machine tools, steam, gas, and oil engines, pumps, freight and passenger elevators and hoisting apparatus generally. The wonders of Westinghouse's fertile ingenuity in switches, brakes, and railroad safety appliances and an endless number of mechanical and electrical devices by Edison are found here. The printing press, the linotype machine, water and oil meters, storage batteries, safe manufacturers, and the builders of the latest motoring machinery make a fine display on the floors. The government has extensive exhibits of battleships, submarines, torpedoes, and sunken mines, with models showing improvements and changes in army equipments, and resources from one period to another in the history of the country. The great Hoe press, showing the lightning-like evolution of white paper into a finely printed modern daily paper, The Examiner, is a continuous source of interest.THE PALACE OF MACHINERY
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INTERIOR OF THE PALACE OF AGRICULTURE
rent7rhoiPtheCtwo	exhi™\ at the Exposition. Most beautiful and interesting is the exquisite setting occupying the
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cu)Turpdv/nee s*so does1*the eivm/'lt’ion1 ot'1'” farm machinery, and many scientific appliances for producing the greatest crops from ‘Mother F.arth As g lLimure amances so does the enilization ol man, and here are shown many exhibits that entice one to forsake the citv for the country life.$

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THE PALACE OF AGRICULTURE
This palace contains an endless variety of exhibits of interest and for study. Besides an endless variety of agricultural machinery, latest methods of growing crops are displayed. Novel plants and new varieties are featured. The results obtained by Burbank, the wizard of plant life, delight and amaze the multitude.A SKCTION OF THE GOVERNMENT EXII1 HITS—MODEL POSTOFFICE
Our government has made extensive displays in several of the exhibit palaces. They are the most popular of any to he seen, probably because the people themselves own them. In the Liberal Arts Palace are exhibits of the State Department, Department of Commerce, Reclamation Service, Indian bureau. Fine Arts Commission, Smithsonian Institute, Public Health, Red Cross, Marine Hospital, Library of Congress, Census bureau, bureau of Standards, and Isthmian Canal Commission. Army and navy exhibits are in the Machinery Palace, the bureau of Fisheries in Food Products Palace. The Treasury and Interior Departments are in the Mines Palace. Agricultural and educational exhibits are in their respective palaces.THE PALACE OF MINES AND METALLURGY
In this building are housed the greatest and finest collection of gold bearing ores ever collected, the valuation of which on account of great variety and rarity, can not be estimated. In addition an exhibit of absorbing interest consisting of coal, ores and metallic products, non-metallic minerals, stone products, salts, pigments, clays, etc., with machinery for their treatment is displayed.
"1INTERIOR VIEW IX THE PAI.ACE OF EDUCATION
All phases of educational work, from the kindergarten to the university, and comparative exhibits of the educational system of all nations are shown in this palace. The United States Department of Social Economy has brought together a comprehensive collection of exhibits illustrative of the conditions and necessities of man considered as a member of organized society and government. Child welfare and the work of organizations such as hoy scouts, charities, corrections. criminology, urban problems, park systems, public buildings, street improvements, and many other subjects receive exhaustive treatment by exhibits. Commerce and labor problems are studied and compared by exhibits. The latest discoveries in hygiene, methods of missionary work, international and universal peace institutions, diplomatic and consul systems receive a broad treatment by exhibitional studies.THE PALACE OF EDUCATION
This building is 525 feet long and 400 feet wide. It is upon the Avenue of Palms, with its western facade upon Administration Avenue overlooking the Lagoon and Fine Arts Palace. The Educational exhibits show everything from the kindergarten to the highest university course. Technical, agricultural, commercial, and industrial schools all have their place. Exhibits relating to social problems have extensive showing. The government also has an extensive display of exhibits relating to educational matters.siST
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THIS PALACE OF VARIED INDUSTRIES
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ol arts and crufts* of tilings dainty and rare for the person and for the house, will find plenty to interest and instruct in the Palace of Varied Indus-exhihits represent the finer and more artistic things of the manufacturing industries. There are splendid showings of silks, porcelains, ceramics*
embroideries* examples of superior needlework, expensive tapestries, clocks, watches, stationery, sewing machines, appliances using gas and electricity for tlu* household, steam heaters, radiators, furniture, carpets, carpet sweepers, and the entire range of household necessities. Looms are in operation producHg finished products of silk, wool, and cotton. The processes of watch manufacture are shown by machinery nearly as delicate in operation as are the watches themselves. Tliere are approximately three hundred separate exhibits represented in this palace.PALACE OF VARIED INDUSTRIES
The exhibits in Varied Industries Palace are those such as art pottery, cut glass, jewelry, silver, and goldsmiths’ wares, clocks, marbles, bronzes, paper hangings, upholstery goods, ollice and household furniture and a great variety of articles of the liner lines of manufacture. Many of the greatest industries in the manufacturing world are represented by extensive exhibits in elaborate booths and pavilions.fl	aw- Si %
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The marvelous progress in the means of travel and freight transportation from the Atlantic to the Pacific and over the highways and byways of the eountrv during the last generation is efficiently demonstrated in the Palace of Transportation. The mammoth locomotives capable of hauling sixty to eighty cars, and models of ocean steamships with a carrying capacity for thousands of passengers, trolley cars with latest improvements for street travel, and the ubiquitous automobile with trucks and trams, and the motorcycle, in its various forms, and electrical apparatus and appliances are here shown either in original makes or in elaborate fac similes. Russia, Japan, Italy, and Morocco have alluring exhibits in a section of the building, adding an Old World flavor to the attractiveness of the New World inventions.PALACE OF TRANSPORTATION—PALACE OF PURE FOODS
The Palace of Transportation faces the Marina, fronting on the Esplanade and Court of Universe. It is 618 feet long and 570 feet wide. Very interesting exhibits of transportation by rail, water, motor-power, aeroplane, and olden methods are shown. The Palace of Pure Foods contains exhibits of foods of all kinds, manufactured, partly cooked, and preserved. The Fisheries and Cereals are especially extensive exhibitions. Among the working exhibits is the complete flouring mill, processes of manufacture of breakfast foods, and the production of California wines.E iXQfl IN THfl PALACE OF FOOD PRODUC TS
The baker, the confectioner, the miller, the housewife, the teacher of domestic science will find in this palace specimens of everything mankind cats, how it is converted from the raw product into food, and how to get most out of the raw article. On national fete days natives In costume will serve bread and pastries cooked in native style: Moon cakes and chow by Chinese maidens; Sae-Kwaslii cakes by Japanese girls; kalatsch by Russian maids; German zweibaek; vaiul-krinkle from Sweden. Students of the “high cost of living'’ will find information on every sort and kind of food product. Among the practical exhibits displayed are; A Hour mill, turning out ninety barrels of tlour a day, a huge baker's oven in constant operation, a food products laboratory conducted by the government. Uncle Sam's idea of what a model kitchen should be and how it should be run to get the best and most economical results.Wml
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THE PALACE OF HORTICULTURE
While fittingly appropriate to the nature of its exhibits, the Palace of Horticulture is also one of the most pleasing of any upon the exposition grounds. It is of French Renaissance design, dominated by a central glass dome 160 feet high. Fourteen acres is devoted to horticultural purposes at the exposition; five ol these are covered by this beautiful palace, while nine acres are devoted to an outside garden.THE SOUTH GARDEN AND CARDER’S
FOUNTAIN OF ENERGY
In the beautiful South Gardens, occupying the center of the plaza, is Calder’s Fountain of Energy, forming one of its main picture features. With its flashing silvery spray it is a constant source of delight to beholders. It typifies Energy, the “Lord of the Isthmian Way,” overcoming the barriers which separated the oceans.THE ARCH OF THE SETTING SUN
The Arch of the Setting Sun in Peace by Leo Lentelli, two on each descent into the sunken garden are ting Sun.
addition to the great group which crowns it, is ornamented side. Below them and between the columns on which they groups by Paul Manship. Rhododendrons in a variety of
on a level with the spring of the arch with figures of the Angel of rest are relief medallions by Bufano and Calder. At the level of colors fill the garden beds surrounding the fountain of the Set-THREE OF THE COURTS OF THE EXPOSITION
1. The Court of Abundance, with flowery plants and orange trees, and with statuary symbolizing the progress of man is one of the most attractive courts at the exposition. The photograph was taken upon “Raisin Day” observed to extend the fame of the California raisin. 2. The Court of the Universe is the principal Central Court at the exposition, having the greatest number of architectural and floral features. 3. The Court of the Four Seasons has many symbolic features illustrating the divisions of time.

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PANORAMIC SCENES AT THE EXPOSITION
1. The North Gardens, showing portions of the Esplanade and the Marina with the multitude waiting the start of the famous aviator, “Art.” Smith. 2. A group of financiers during the Hankers* Convention—a favorite way of procuring a souvenir with personal interest, the photograph being made by the official photographer. 3. View of a section of the exposition looking from the Cuban Pavilion.FESTIVAL HALL AND THE ITALIAN TOWERS ILLUMINATED
This is one of the beautiful scenes which add to in the lagoon, while all other features reflect the rays
the charms of the of the illuminating
Great South Gardens at night, scintillators.
The various towers and minarets
brilliantly mirroredTHE SOUTH GARDENS FROM THE PALACE OF HORTICULTURE
This beautiful scene, showing Festival Hall, the Italian towers at the entrance to the Court of Flowers, and other beautiful features, pictures the principal garden on the exposition grounds. On the left are the Palaces of Manufactures and Varied Industries facing upon Palm Avenue. The South Garden is just within the main entrance.
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THE TOWER OF JEWELS AND FOUNTAIN OF ENERGY ILLUMINATED
All previous methods of illumination are departed from by the Exposition in the employ of what is termed the indirect or masked system of lighting. The advantages lie in the variety of effects produced. It is this masked system of lighting that lends such wonderful charm to the Tower of Jewels with its hundred thousand swinging jewels and makes its beauty iridescent.
THE COURT OF THE UNIVERSE
The Court of the Universe is distinguished by a formal setting of shrubbery in the center of which is a large sunken garden. The Arch of the Rising Sun, shown in this picture, is architectural achievement, with characteristic Oriental features, and is especially rich in allegorical groups and figures. It is surmounted by the magnificent emblematic group of “The Nations of the East.”
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sculpture,A SECTION OF THE COURT OF FOUR SEASONS
This beautiful scene shows part of the Court of Four Seasons, a court that found its architectural motif in the famous Villa of Hadrian, one of the most exquisite examples of Roman architecture. From this court a vista of the blue waters of San Francisco Bay may be seen. The court is surrounded by a colonnade, in each of the four corners of which are niches containing statuary representing the four seasons.THE AVENUE OF PROGRESS, PALACES OF VARIED INDUSTRIES AND MINES UPON THE LEFT, MACHINERY ON THE RIGHT
The Avenue of Progress runs from the Fillmore Street entrance, between the Palace shore of the bay. It is one of the principal thoroughfares of the Exposition, dividing
of Machinery on the right, and the Palaces of Varied Industries and Mines and Metallurgy on the left to the as it does the group of exhibit palaces from The Zone, the amusement section.PANORAMIC VIEW OE MAIN EXHIBIT PALACES OP THE PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITIONTHE COLUMN
OF PROGRESS AND A SECTION OF THE YACHT HARBOl

There is over two miles of water front at the Exposition facing the beautiful San Francisco Bay, with a spacious Yacht Harbor and several landings for the accommodation of the steamers which bring visitors from the Transbay Cities, and from the Embarcadero and other portions of Sail Francisco, direct to the Exposition. The Column of Progress, surmounted bv McNeil’s “Art-venturous Bowman,” is one of the attractions on the Exposition waterfront.	J
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THE PALACE OF FINE ARTS ILLUMINATED
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world. The Palace ofNIGHT ILLUMINATION OF EXHIBIT PALACES
The method of lighting employed on the Exposition grounds Is known as the “Indirect”; the walls of the exhibit palaces being flooded by the light from great arcs, in front of which have been placed handsome brass shields, thus shading the eyes of the spectators while giving a complete and restful illumination. The domes of the buildings are flooded with light from powerful searchlights and as their rays fall upon the “Jewels” of hand-cut crystal, the effect reminds one of Fairyland.THE AVENUE OF PALMS
Palm Avenue is the main thoroughfare between the group of exhibit palaces and the South G irdens, the Palace of Horticulture, and Festival Hall, beautiful avenue.
California palms line each side of theTHE COURT OF ABUNDANCE AND MULLGARDT’S TOWER
The Court of Abundance, designed by Louis C. Mullgardt, shows in the inner facade and the general detail the effect of the Oriental phase of the Spanish-Moorish type of architecture. “The Fountain of the Earth,” by Robert Aitken, is one of the main fountains at the Exposition, and at night when illuminated is especially beautiful.ITALIAN TOWERS, ILLUMINATED	MULLGARDTS TOWER, ILLUMINATED
The Court of Abundance at night, with the serpents’ heads emitting lire, and tlie hidden lights on Mullgardt’s tower wreathed in clouds of steam, makes a picture long to be remembered. This wonderful tower, illuminated, has an air of mystery about it, and seems to portray the mysticism of the Far East. The Italian towers, illuminated with the hidden lights and by the searchlights loom up at night with striking effect. The illumination by set colors, greens, reds, purples, etc., give an endless variety of effects in the illumination of these towers.FESTIVAL HALL
Festival Hall fronts upon the South Gardens, at the right of the main entrance, and faces the Palace of Horticulture. It is the standardized type of French theater architecture, having one large central dome, with minor domes and minarets, and is profusely decorated with statuary. It contains a magnificent organ of great volume. The world’s famous organists give organ recitals daily during the entire exposition. Its use for congresses, conventions, concerts, and other musical features causes Festival Hall to be one of the most important and popular buildings upon the exposition grounds.I If I
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■XEPTURE IN THE ENVIRONMENT |)F '1'HE FA E ACE OE FINE A RTS
Three charming compositions by Anna Coleman badd, sculptor. Sun God and Python on the left, Water Sprites in the center of the pool, (Triton Babies lower right. The upper picture conveys a fairly good impression of the rich setting of the Fine Arts Palace and rotunda. A glimpse ot the lagoon is seen on the extreme right, and here and there are bits belonging to the sculpture exhibit.ADMINISTRATION AVENUE. SHOWING PALACES OF EDUCATION AND PURE FOODS UPON THE RIGHT
Besides being very popular and convenient for sightseers during the day time, Administration Avenue is frequently thronged with brilliantly lighted automobiles filled with gaily dressed people going to and returning from social functions at the magnificent California Building.THE COLUMN OF PROGRESS, Herman A. MacNeil, Isidore Konti, Sculptor®
The central panel shows the Column of Progress, the Tower of Jewels to the South. An ascending spiral of ships in low relief leads up from the marvelous bas-relief panels of Konti to the base on which MacNeil’s beautiful finial is set, 1G0 feet from the base. To the right the Adventurous Bowman and its supporting frieze of the Burden Bearers—an enlarged view of this MacNeil creation, is pictured. The Star on the left, A. Stirling Calder, sculptor, is placed above colonnades of the Court of the Universe and its extension.COURT OF PALMS—COURT OF FLOWERS
The beautiful Court of Palms leads from Palm Avenue into the Court of Four Seasons. The Court of Flowers, in which the fountain of “The Beauty and the Beast*’ is located, connects Palm Avenue with the Court of Abundance. In each of these beautiful courts a wealth of beauty in stone, flower and plant has been placed.THE ESPLANADE FROM ADMINISTRATION AVENUE
One of the most beautiful of the promenades at the Exposition is the wide Esplanade which runs from Machinery Hall to the Massachusetts Building. This view is looking east toward the Column of Progress, with the California Building upon the left. The group of exhibit palaces is located upon the right.ADMINISTRATION AVENUE. WITH THE PALACE OF FINE ARTS ON THE LETT
Administration Avenue leads from the Baker Street entrance to the waterfront and is one of the main “cross-town” thoroughfares, dividing the groups of exposition structures. It was given its name because the executive ofllces of the president and directors occupy that portion of the California Building fronting upon this avenue.THE LIBERTY BELL
The Liberty Bell was east in London and brought to Philadelphia in August, 1752, and in September was cracked on its first ringing. Two “ingenious workmen” of the city made a recast of the bell and in 1753 it was rehung in the tower of Independence Hall, where a portion of its duties was to call public meetings and convene the Provincial Assembly. July 4, 177G, the Declaration of Independence was formally ratified, and on the 8th the Liberty Bell announced to the world the birth of a new nation. In 1777, to keep it out of the hands of the invading British, it was removed to Allentown, returned after the evacuation, and from that day to the present has rung out its patriotic notes on great and memorable occasions. To satisfy the ardent cravings of other sections of the country for a sight of this sacred tocsin of liberty, pilgrimages have been made North, South, East, and to the Middle West, this, to San Francisco, being the longest of all.


THE COURT OF PALMS
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THIj END OF THE TRAIL, James Earl Fraser. Sculptor
Near the west end of the Avenue of Palms and directly in front of the Court of Palms this equestrian figure, the End of the Trail, is placed. The drooping, storm-beaten figure of the Indian on the spent pony symbolizes the end of the race which was once a mighty people. The sorrowful story is so simply told it grips and haunts the beholder- Chief Amcrican-Big-Tree, a tall and stately young full blooded Iroquois Indian now at the Exposition, was the model who posed for the sculpture. For six months in 1(J1.‘> American-Big-Tree posed for Eraser in the latter’s New York studio. Until he saw it at the Exposition the Indian had no idea of the destined setting for the group.
i • i » i iSCULPTURE ABOUT THE PALACE OF FIXE ARTS
In the upper row from left Xo right are: 1, Prima Mater, Victor S. Holm. 2, L’Amore, Evelyn Beatrice Longman. 3, Young Mother with Child, Furio Picci-rilli. 4, Nymph, Edmond T. Irwin. 5, Eurydice, Furio Piccirilli. In the lower row, left to right: 6, Peace, Sherry Edmundson Frv. 7, Dancing Nvmph Olin L W arner. 8, The Sower, Albin Polasek. 9, Rock and Flower Group, Anna Coleman Ladd. 10, Bondage, Carl Augustus'Heber.SCENES ABOUT THE FINE ARTS PALACE
An entrance to the colonnades is shown in the central panel, shrubs, trees and flowers clothing it to the left is another view taken of the colonnades. On the right Wind and Spray, by Anna Coleman tions of sculpture in adornment of the avenues about the Palace of Fine Art>.
completely, a riot of roses Ladd, is shown. The three
overrunning terraces. The panel views show the various applica-
SPANORAMIC VIEW OE THE PALACE OE EINE ARTS AT THE PANAMA-PACIEIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION. • > *
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*	* IBENEATH THE DOME OF THE ROTUNDA, THE PALACE OF FINE ARTS
To the west through the arches are seen the open colonnades, and the flower boxes supported by sculptural figures by Ulrick H. Ellerhusen, which surmount the columns. Within the rotunda at the top of columns Herbert Adams’s Priestess of Culture may be glimpsed, and also the ceiling cofTers in which the Reid murals are placed beneath the dome. The lights here are arranged to produce a semblance of moonlight. The statue is that of Lafayette, by Paul W’ayland Bartlett.THl FOUNTAIN OP
Stirling Calder, Sculptor
This fountain is placed in zone of writhing figures in relic tin* hemispheres Hast and West-fish spouts sheets of water in a with his outspread hands and c The effect of energy.
ENERGY, A.
the central circular pool of the South Gardens. The globe, some twenty-two feet in diameter, forms the pedestal. A vertical f ascends the sphere to the base of the Victor. Across the upper portions of the sphere stretch slumberous htans representing symbolizing eastern civilization and a bull-man typical of the rude vigor of western. Above them a lriezeoi liying Surmounting the globe, EiBrgy, the Victor, is symbolized by the figure of a nude youth on a spirited charger, the barriers. Above him winged figures—Valor and Fame—bear a wreath and herald the achievement.
—a cat-woman descending curve xteiuled arms holding
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of this dominant figure above the globe wreathed in spray is
one of beauty and freedom. The night lights greatly enhance this concept of the triumph
THE SCOU T. Cyrus D. Dallix, Sculptor
A bronze, placed beside the path which borders the Fine Arts lagoon on the south. It is a part of the Fine Arts exhibit of sculpture, which for the first time in exposition history has been given outdoor setting, the result in this instance being an absolutely appropriate placing.CLOISTERS SURROUNDING COURTS AT THE EXPOSITION
The spacious colonnades that surround all courts, connecting the palaces, are in every way restful and delightful. The rich, mellow, old ivory effect of the imitation Travertine marble of which palaces are constructed shows nowhere better than in these shaded walls and fluted columns with acanthus tops, as shown in the vista on the right. Lights concealed in bowls sunk in the lutes, and cloister lamps in Exposition russets, reds and blue suspended by heavy chains, supply the light. The picture on the left shows a colonnade of the Court of Abundance, with one of the Brangwyn murals dimly visible on the end wall. The ceiling coffers are deep blue.
FOUNTAIN OF CERES. COURT OF FOUR SEASONS
In this lovely inclosure, which is walled in by facades of the Palaces of Food Products, Agriculture. Education and Liberal Arts, every decorative feature of statuary, mural painting, and sculpture carries the idea of Nature pouring out the fruits and flowers of the season. The Fountain of Ceres is the work of Evelyn Beatrice Longman of New York.LOOKING FROM THE COURT OF FOUR SEASONS TOWARDS THE SCINTILLATOR
The Scintillator is composed of a battery of searchlights loeated upon the breakwater of the Yacht Harbor. It is this Scintillator which throws the aurora into the night heavens.

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PALACES OF TRANSPORTATION AND MINES AND METALLURGY ILLUMINATED
These palaces, as here shown illuminated, are seen from the Marina, from Yacht Harbor, and from the ferry boats which run to and from the Bay Cities.~,§rw.
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SOME OF THE GREAT RAILROAD EXHIBITS AT THE EXPOSITION
1. The Southern Pacific shows by paintings and most beautiful landscape settings the magnificent scenery of “The Road of a Thousand Wonders.” 2. The Grand Trunk System and 3. the Canadian Pacific show the wonderful scenery and characteristic features of country through which they pass. 4. The Great Northern display is housed in this building, making Glacier National Park an especial feature. 5. “The Globe,” the exhibit of the Western Pacific, Denver and Rio Grande, Missouri Pacific Iron Mountain lines is in the Palace of Transportation.
THE PHILIPPINE CONS''PABULARY BAND
This band, consisting of ninety pieces, was organized in 1902 by order of Governor Taft of the Philippine Islands. It has been to America twice before, once in 1904 at the St. Louis Exposition, and again in 1909 when the band was ordered to Washington to play at President Taft's inauguration. It is one of the principal attractions of the Philippine exhibit, and gives concerts daily at its attractive pavilion.GROUP OF THE EXPOSITION GUARDS
THE FIRE DEPARTMENT OF THE EXPOSITION
JSL«S	«S5BE INSIDE INN
The Inside Inn contains 1100 rooms and is centrally located. Near is the Palace of Fine Arts, the Presidio. Golden Gate, San Francisco major portion of the Imposition is ranged on the east, the Tower of ground are the gardens of The Netherlands horticultural exhibit.
the Inn is the band concourse, where concerts are given afternoons and evenings. Beyond Bay, and the Marin shore, with Mount Tamalpais seen over all in the far distance. The Jewels and the Palace of Horticulture being conspicuous objects. In the immediate fore-SERVICE BUILDINGS AT THE EXPOSITION
1. A branch of the Anglo-California Trust Company is the official and only meals end has many forms of entertainments in their building. 3. The enlisted located near the Canadian Pavilion. I. The Service Building, located at the left ollicial s.
bank inside the grounds. 2. The Young Women’s Christian Association serves men of the Army and Navy are well provided for in this attractive building, of the Fillmore Street entrance, contains the offices for many of the ExpositionHOUiF OF THIS HOO-HOOS
This building, which is one of the most artistic on the grounds, was designed by B. R. Maybeek, who also designed the Palace of Fine Arts. It is constructed on the outside of redwood and pine logs, with enormous columns made of strips of redwood bark. The inside of the building is made of the different kinds oi native and Coast wood, slightly polished but left in their natural colors. This is a meeting place for the lumbermen of the United States, who have an organization under the name ot “The Concatenated Order of Hoo-Hoos.“ The membership embraces also those who are associated with the lumber industrv, such as mill men, supply men, and lumber newspaper men.EARLY ENTRIES IN THE LIVE STOCK DIVISION.
1. Percheron stallions exhibited by Dunham & McLaughlin. 2. A portion of the new herd of Berkshire swine maintained by the American Berkshire Association. 3. Interior of Dairy Cattle Barn, showing utility dairy herd, milking machine and barn equipment. 4. Section of the Poultry Building showing hens engaged in the International Egg Laying Contest. The exhibits in the Department of Live Stock are educational as well as competitive, and the arrangement of the buildings, appliances, and the premium list has been made with this dual purpose in view. It is the first time that continuous exhibits are maintained throughout the entire period of the Exposition in order that every visitor may have an opportunity to see and study the representatives of the different breeds and \arieties of domestic animals and fowls in which all are so much interested, and upon which so much of the prosperity of all nations depends.YI FAYS FROM THF IXTFRIOR OF THF CAXA1MAX PAYlFlOX
The chief features of the display in the Canadian Building mining, and shipping interests of British North America. The fields bordering on Lake Superior. Another shows Canada as it
consist of a series of admirable Canadian landscapes, illu scenes are set to produce a remarkable perspective. There is ,	, ..	. -	•	.	-	_	,	,	. .	and as it is. The foreground represents the North as it
had it entirely to themselves. In the background the visitor looks for miles far and awav down a broad Canadian farms. All the wild life of Canada is represented in the foreground bv splendid stulTed and the muskrat, and from the great honker to the humming bird. These scenes and neighbor.	*
specimens, from the bear others of like nature give an
trating the agricultural, lumbering, one—a panorama of the great wheat w'as when the Indian and the game valley filled with wheat fields and pleasant and the moose and the musk ox to the marten attractive representation of our great Northern
THE CANADIAN, PHILIPPINE, AND HAWAIIAN PAVILIONS
Excepting the California Building, the Canadian Pavilion is the largest building other than exhibit palaces at the Exposition. The interior decorations entirely of grains and grasses, picturing farming, forest scenery, and country landscapes, is a revelation in decorative art. The Philippine Pavilion is characteristic of the Islands, with open patio in the center. The interior is finished in native hardwoods. The famous Constabulary Band gives daily concerts. The Hawaiian Building is a beautiful structure directly facing the California Building. While it has many attractions, its two main features are a tropical garden, showing the wonderful foliage of Hawaii, and an aquarium.GREECE	PANAMA
Greece is represented at the Exposition by an attractive pavilion, one of the features being the sunken garden in front tieally placed and the broad steps leading to the pavilion, bordered by flowers, makes a pleasing effect. The fine arts of the exhibits ol statuary, paintings, and laces in the building. Panama has built this pavilion as typical of the architecture of its
of the building. Greek people are country.
Statuary is artis-ably displayed by'mtmaa
FOREIGN PAVILIONS
1. I'or the Danish Pavilion the finest and most costly articles which are manufactured in the Kingdom have been selected. 2. The Xetlierlands Pavilion is finished lavishly in color, following the color scheme of the Exposition palaces. The architecture is strikingly beautiful and in strict conformity with Dutch traditions. B. Sweden’s Pavilion is situated on the south side of the Avenue of Nations. Its great square towers and its parti-colored roof are distinguishing exterior features. 4. Norway’s Pavilion, situated near the Presidio entrance to the Exposition, is a reproduction of the Xorwegian country home of the better class. It contains many interesting and picturesque exhibits.THE IMPERIAL JAPANESE PAVILION AND GARDENS AND JAPAN AND FORMOSA TEA HOUSES
1. The most prominent building is the Reception Hall, erected to show the pure Japanese architecture of the fourteenth century, remodeled to modern adaptation. The garden is typical Japanese, for the laying out of which not only the shrubs and flowers but even the turfs and rocks were brought from Japan. 2. The Japanese Tea Pavilion, under the auspices of the Japan Central Tea Association of Tokio, is an interesting exhibit of enterprise for extension of trade by the tea merchants of that city. 3. The Formosa Tea House is under the auspices of the Formosa government of Japan. Formosa Oolong tea is served by the Japanese girls in native costume.f
FOREIGN PAVILIONS
1. The Argentine Pavilion is one of the magnificent edifices of the Exposition grounds, surmounted by a majestic tower 150 feet in height. The Argentine Republic lias made an appropriation of nearly $2,000,000 for exhibits in science, art, industry and commerce. 2. The Guatemala Pavilion is one of the most ornamental of the foreign buildings. Its exhibits art* especially devoted to showing its agricultural and educational progress. 2. Cuba's Pavilion is of Spanish-A inert can type of architecture. I. Honduras has erected this fine structure, both for exhibit and hospitality purposes. 5. The Bolivian Pavilion contains exhibits of gold, platinum, rubber and its production, chocolate, quinine and other products.FOREIGN PAVILIONS
1. The Chinese Pavilions comprise miniature reproductions of palaces in the “Forbidden City” of Pekin, the quarter where for centuries the princes of the old empire made their homes and from which they wielded sway over their vast domains. 2. 'The large and beautiful Australian Pavilion is at the Presidio entrance. Exhibits afford striking evidence of the enormous primary resources of the great Commonwealth. There are enormous exhibits of mineral, agricultural, and forestry products displayed in endless profusion. 3. The French Pavilion, situated on the Avenue of Nations, is a reproduction of the famous palace of the Legion d'Honneur. Its exhibits picture the standards of French culture and the unique individualism of its civilization. 4 Enterprising New Zealand exhibits in her pavilion her wonderful grazing and agricultural progress and possibilities.	y1
FOREIGN PAVILIONS
1. Siam’s pavilion is a masterpiece of the arcliiteeture of that country, being decorated with figures of swans, lions, elephants, and sacred birds. Turkey has a magnificent collection of rugs, brass ware, and paintings housed in her pavilion. 2. Portugal is represented at the Exposition by this attractive pavilion. 3. Italy’s right buildings practically illustrate the entire history of Italian architecture. They contain exhibits of statuary, fresco paintings, l'urniture,Htc. The buildings are surrounded by typical Italian gardens.THE ESPLANADE AND THE HEW YORK STA TE BUILDING
This view of the Esplanade shows several of the State buildings, with the dome of the Massachusetts Building in the distance. New York, “the Empire State,” is resplendent in representation at the Exposition, with one of the finest and largest buildings upon the Marina. The State is distinguished for the magnificence of her receptions and as a dispenser of social hospitality at Expositions.THE CALIFORNIA BUILDING
The California Building is in the Old Mission style of architecture. It is at the end of Administration Avenue, upon the Marina, and extends back to the water front. It has a towered main building two stories high with immense inner courts and gardens. There are sections for administration purposes, for the displays of fifty-eight counties, and for the social events and for hospitality. It is 700 feet long and 350 feet wide, covering nearly seven acres and cost with furnishings over $2,000,000. Here the ceremonial affairs of the Exposition will be held.r
STATE BUILDINGS
1. The Oregon Building is a wonderfully imposing structure after the Parthenon at Athens. The forty-eight pillars, five feet in diameter by forty feet in height, are immense logs which were contributed by various logging companies of Oregon. The building is typical of the great timber industry of the State. 2. The building of Washington, the “Evergreen State,” is at the junction of the Avenue of States and the Avenue of Nations, occupying one block. The elaborate exhibits from the State in the main palaces include forestry, fisheries, horticulture, agriculture, and numerous other classifications. 3. Illinois is represented at the Exposition by an attractive building fronting on the Esplanade. It contains a Lincoln Memorial Room of great interest and a splendid organ and recital hall. 4. The Massachusetts State Building represents “Bullfinch front,” the old part of the State House at Boston. It is among the most revered historical structures in Massachusetts.STATE BUILDINGS
o	H?S a reprgiductloH of its capitol at Columbus, the dome omitted. 2. West Virginia’s stately mansion is fashioned after the Southern Colonial home.
.Maryland has adopted the home of her famous son, signer of the Declaration of Independence, Carroll of Carrollton, as the model for her State building. 1. \\ isconsift has a Colonial hall for purposes of hospitality. 5. New Jersey has taken the Trenton barracks of revolutionary period as a model for her Exposition building. President Wilson will make it headquarters during his visit to the Exposition. 6. Pennsylvania’s building, temporary home of the Liberty Bell, is built in Colonial style, and is to some extent patterned after Independence Hall. 7. Indiana’s building is^ itself a State exhibit, all materials in it coming from the “Hoosier State.” 8. Virginia is represented by a reproduction of George Washington’s home at Mount Vernon.STATE BUILDINGS
1* The Kansas Building is for social purposes. 2. Montana, famous for its grains, mines, and fruits, has a very attractive building located on the Marina. 3. Nevada has a stately building, which is used for social purposes exclusively, having its exhibits of products in tlie various palaces. 4. The great State of Missouri has a building that is plain, dignified, and stately. The exhibits from the State are displayed in the main palaces. 5. Utah, famous for her wonderful mineral and agricultural resources, is keeping open house at this beautiful building. 0. North Dakota has a beautiful building, located near the water front, with fine displays of cereals and other products. 7. In the Idaho building ample provision has been made for entertaining visitors. Relief maps showing the formation of different ore-producing properties, as well as exhibits of agriculture and industrial commodities are displayed. 8. Iowa's building is used for social purposes, the products from this great State being exhibited in the main palaces.THE ZONE, LOOKING TOWARD FILLMORE STREET
Among the Zone attractions, which are of most varied character, are the following:—
The Panama Canal, a mammoth working model showing the manner in which the canal is operated.
Creation occupies a vast structure the size of which enhances the impressiveness of the great moving elements wThich portray the actual creation.
The 101 Ranch—The one quaint touch of the old wild Wesiern days is given the Exposition by the presence on the Zone of the Miller Brothers’ “101 Ranch” Wild West Show. It is a great piece taken from the last bit of genuine frontier life in the United States. The whole “show” was brought from the Millers’ huge ranch down in the old Indian Territory. It comprises a two-hour gun play, with all the cattle ranch incidentals—roping, tying, bulldogging, and Indian battles.
The Grand Canyon of Arizona reproduces that interesting section with characteristic scenes and peoples.
The Yellowstone Park is represented in a mammoth enclosure with great faithfulness, and is wonderfully pleasing.
The Chinese Village, the pride of the Chinese people of San Francisco, is full of pleasing features which distinguish the Chinese people, as well as many mercantile bazaars.
Toyland, Grown Up, is a great big aggregation of Fred. Thompson’s adaptations of childhood’s games and stories, and takes fourteen acres of grotesque houses and castles to protect the elongated citizens of Toyland, Grown Up.
The '49 Camp is especially appropriate in the vicinity of The Golden Gate, showing as it does the manner of life in those early days.
The Dayton Flood shows the beautiful Ohio city, before, during, and after the terrible disaster of 1913.
The Irish Village is an interesting picture lifted from the beautiful Emerald Isle. The Jaunting Car, Kerry Gow, Irish Theater, and many other characteristic features of Erin are in evidence.
The L. A. Thompson's Scenic Railway, with its immense elephantine front, is one of the great popular amusement features of the Zone.
The Baby Incubator is a scientific institution for the rearing of infants prematurely born, and the little ones always attract the kindly interest and solicitude of the people.
The Evolution of the Dreadnaught is a spectacular and realistic illustration of the birth, growth, and development of the modern American navy.
The Submarines is one of the finest amusement attractions ever invented. The visitor is taken leagues under the sea and conducted for miles at the bottom of the ocean, witnessing most wonderful sights as swurled through the “briny deep,” witnessing Davy Jones, and his locker, and scores of other fables of the sea.
Japan, Beautiful, is one of the largest sections devoted to amusements and is a fine representation of the Flowery Kingdom.
The Battle of Gettysburg, depicting that memorable battle in which the two great armies are shown in titanic struggle.
The Diving Girls and Neptune’s Daughters draw large crowds of visitors to the Natatorium to witness their sports and swimming feats.
Alligator Joe’s Farm, The Old Mill, Narren Pallast, or Foolish House, the Aeroscope, London to South Pole, Wild Animal Show, Eden Musee, Mysterious Orient, Motion Pictures, and a great number of other attractions are there to amuse.
Many typical villages showing life and customs of numerous foreign lands, depicted by their own natives and representatives.Pthe dawn
CREATION JAPAN BEAUTIFUL
Creation is a portrayal by paintings and electrical and mechanical devices of the Bible story of Creation. The divisions of time with the phenomenon accompanying the progress of each day are wonderfully and beautifully effective. “Japan Beautiful” is one of the largest concessions in the Exposition grounds, covering more than 100.000 square feet. It embodies the actual scenes of Japanese life in city, country, and villages. The entrance to “Japan Beautiful** is an exact reproduction of the Daibutsu of Kamakura, the famous statute of Buddha, which is reproduced for the first time outside of the Orient.ZONE ATTRACTIONS
1. The first thing to greet the eye of the visitor to the Submarines is an allegorical front, with cascades of moving water typifying the restlessness of the ocean. At the dock the passenger enters a steel submarine, is taken through the labyrinths of Neptune, a succession of wonderful scenes by H. Logan Reid of New York City. 2. At an expenditure of over $500,000 the original Panama Canal and the surrounding Zone territory have been reproduced in miniature form so accurately one can almost imagine that he is taking an aeroplane trip over the Isthmus of Panama. 3. The 101 Ranch, the great show depicting life on the plains," is always an interesting and exciting entertainment. 4. The Yellowstone Park has within all the familiar features—the Old Faithful Inn, Golden Gate Cliff, Eagle Nest Rock, Mammoth Hot Springs, Fishing Cone, the Firehole, Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone Lake, and many others.citftir*.
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ZONE ATTRACTIONS
1. Behind this striking front are the inclines and sweeps of the L. A. Thompson Scenic Railway. Upon all holidays, half holidays, and most other days visitors stand in long lines waiting opportunity to board the cars. 2. The Grand Canyon exhibit is made by the Santa Fe Railroad' Company. It is a gigantic undertaking to give an adequate idea of the Grand Canyon, but the result attained is wonderful in its realism. 3. Toyland. covering fourteen acres of playground of thrills and laughter of the universe of children grown up. is the largest amusement concession ever granted at any International Exposition. 4. The Safety Racer is one of the popular ride amusement attractions closely identified with the name of L. A. Thompson. It has many new sensations and delightful surprises for the riders.
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ZONE ATTRACTIONS
1. The home of “(Captain,” the educated horse. 2. The Infant Incubator. 2. The Evolution of the Dreadnauglit. the fateful trip of Captain Scott. 5. The Tehuantepec Village is one of the most refined and pleasing concessions upon a height of 235 feet, giving a chance for a wonderful view of the surrounding country. 7. The ’49 Camp was built miners of the romantic period in the early days of the California gold rush. 8. The exterior of the Chinese Theater, the walls of the city, where the Orientals are making merry with song, dance, and acrobatic performances.
4. The South Pole is a representation of The Zone. 0. The Aeroscope lifts one to and peopled to illustrate the life of the 9. The Irish Village. 10. Scene withinTHE ZONE FROM THE VAN NESS STREET ENTRANCE
From the Avenue of Progress near the Fillmore Street entrance. The Zone extends east for a distance of 3000 feet, equal to seven city blocks, to Van Ness Avenue. Upon both sides of the thoroughfare the amusement palaces and show houses, great and small, line the way and lure the visitor.mm
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