^Health Planning
Bibliography Series]
Mental Health
Planning:
An Annotated
BibliographyHEALTH PLANNING SERIES
The Bureau of Health Planning is a primary resource for cur-
rent information on a wide variety of topics related to health
planning. To facilitate the dissemination of this information
to health planners, the Bureau issues publications in the
following series:
Health Planning Methods and Technology
This series focuses on the technical and ad-
ministrative aspects of health planning. Included
are such areas as methods and approaches to the
various aspects of the health planning process,
techniques for analyzing health planning informa-
tion and problems, and approaching to the effec-
tive dissemination and utilization of technical in-
formation.
Health Planning Information
This series presents information on the analysis
of issues and problems relating to health planning
including trend data, data analysis, and sources of
data to support health planning activities.
Health Planning Bibliography
Bibliographies on specific health planning sub-
jects are published in this series. Subject areas
are selected by the frequency of inquiries on
specific topics and from suggestions by Bureau
staff and health planners throughout the nation.
Mental Health Planning: An Annotated Bibliography is the
eleventh publication in the Health Planning Bibliography
Series.Mental Health
Planning:
An Annotated
Bibliography
^-S. DEPOSITOR
JAN 1979
October 1978
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE
Public Health Service
Health Resources Administration
Bureau of Health Planning
National Health Planning inrormation Center
DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 79-14001
HRP-0301101
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402FOREWORD
In response to an increasing number of inquiries concerning
mental health planning and related issues, the National Health
Planning Information Center has produced an annotated bibliog-
raphy of references dealing with this subject for the conven-
ience of health planners. Specifically, this bibliography was
developed to meet a need expressed by health planning agencies
for a substantive source book of references for mental health
planning information.
Efforts have been made to have these references as current
and as comprehensive as possible, and future revisions are
intended. Suggestions and comments, as well as additional
citations relevant to the subject area, are welcome.
This bibliography was prepared by Rita Fox of the Center’s
Reference Staff, and communications concerning it should be
addressed to her at the National Health Planning Information
Center, Center Building, Room 5-22, 3700 East-West Highway,
Hyattsville, Maryland 2078Z.
Colin C. Rorrie, Jr., Ph.D.l
Acting Director	*
Bureau of Health Planning
iiiPREFACE
The bibliographic references for this publication have been
gathered from searches of the computer files of the National
Health Planning Information Center and from the MEDLINE and
CATLINE files of the National Library of Medicine and the
Clearinghouse of the National Institute of Mental Health.
Other materials were located through manual searches in
libraries. Many valuable current references were recommended
by staff members of the National Institute of Mental Health.
For easy access to references in areas of special concern in
mental health planning, the bibliography has been divided into
twelve sections. These divisions are not necessarily mutually
exclusive, nor are they meant to be exhaustive, but were selected
as a comprehensive approach to this area of planning.
Documents which are noted in this bibliography as available
at NTIS may be purchased (by order number) from the following
address:
National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, Virginia 22161
Journal articles and books cited as references may be obtained
at a local university library or in a Regional Medical Library,
Other copyrighted documents are available from the publishers
as listed.
ivCONTENTS
Page
Foreword.....................................................ill
Preface .....................................................iv
Bibliographic References ....................................
1.	Alcoholism ............................................ 1
2.	Community Mental Health .............................. 15
3.	Costs and Health Insurance ........................... 39
4.	Data information and Evaluation........................47
5.	Drug Abuse ............................................61
6.	Manpower Resources.....................................73
7.	Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities .	83
8.	Planning Programs and Services ....................... 97
9.	Psychiatric Services ................................ 119
10.	Special Needs and Problems............................131
11.	State and Regional Planning ......................... 141
12.	General Information...................................157
v


ALCOHOLISMBig Country Comprehensive Health Planning Council, Inc.,
Montrose, Colo.
Plan for Rural Alcohol Treatment Services in Colorado
Planning and Management District 10.
168p Jun 74 Available NTIS HRP-Q004455
A plan for rural alcohol treatment services in the six vest
central counties comprising Region 10 of Colorado is
presented by the Big Country Comprehensive Health Planning
Council, Inc. The economy of the region is based on
agriculture, mining, and tourism; 69 percent of the land is
Federally owned. In addition to a sizeable caseload of
alcohol-related problems handled by the law enforcement
section of Region 10, the following other alcohol-related
problems are identified:	inadeguate facilities to detain or
hold alcoholics; limited manpower to enforce alcohol-related
traffic regulations; absence of treatment resources within
the Region; absence of policy agreements with medical
resources to assist in meeting the medical needs of
alcoholics; general absence of skills within the professional
community relative to treating and habilitating the
alcoholic; and lack of community knowledge about alcoholics
and alcoholism. Following a discussion of planning
methodology and assumptions and statements of guidelines for
plan formulation and for specific services, a description of
the region in terms of physical resources, socioeconomic
characteristics, transportation, population at risk is
presented. Existing public service delivery systems are
analyzed briefly, and detailed inventories of law enforcement
resources, judicial resources, and health resources in the
region are presented. An action program for alcohol
treatment services is presented containing the following
elements; treatment; health care and emergency treatment;
criminal justice (alcohol driving countermeasures program);
inservice skills development program for professionals;
research; residential / day care, and evaluation. Proposed
budgets are presented for each element. Appendices include
supporting statistical data; descriptions of a household
survey taken to assess community attitudes toward alcoholism
and of a survey of law enforcement manpower, equipment, and
training resources; and a list of resources (persons) used in
compiling information for the plan. Portions of this
document are not fully legible.
Connecticut State Alcohol Council, Hartford.
Connecticut Action Plan for Alcoholism Prevention and
Treatment, 1976.
264p 1976 Available NTIS HRP-0012179
Connecticut's 1976 plan for the prevention and treatment of
alcoholism is described. The purpose of the plan is to
provide the basis for a comprehensive, consistent, and
coordinated approach to the problem of alcoholism and alcohol
abuse within the State. The plan is designed as:	a guide on
3how State government as a whole plans to proceed in handling
the problems of alcoholism and alcohol abuse; a program of
action describing how the 14 constituent agencies of the
Connecticut State Alcohol Council plan to carry out their
respective functions; a standard by which the activities and
proposed grants of State and community programs will be
measured for consistency and to assure they will fit into an
overall conceptual and programmatic framework; and a guide to
spending Federal funds that will be made available as a
direct result of Federal acceptance of the plan. The nature,
extent, and costs of alcoholism are documented. Estimates of
the size of the population characterized as alcoholics are
made, and alcoholism as a problem is defined. Groups in
which the problem is significant, costs to the individual and
to society, and key State agencies involved in Connecticut’s
alcoholism effort are discussed. A general description of
each agency is provided and its functions are described. The
service system for alcoholism and alcohol abuse is examined
at both State and local levels. Goals of Connecticut’s plan
are delineated, and action areas are identified into which
plan recommendations are divided. Additional information is
appended on the alcoholism problem in Connecticut and related
legislation at the Federal and State levels.
Costello Raymond M, Giffen Martin B, Schneider Sandra L
Edgington Philip V, Manders Kenneth R
Texas Univ. Health Science Center, San Antonio.
Comprehensive Alcohol Treatment Planning, Implementation, and
Evaluation.
18p 1976 Pub. in the International Jnl. of the Addictions vll
n4 p553-570 1976.
The first 8 months of a program funded by the National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism are described.
Relationships among treatment concepts, staffing patterns,
and clinical services are addressed. Service components that
were operational in this program are evaluated. Staffing
patterns and administrative decisions regarding case findings
influenced the design of clinical services more than theory
or applied science literature. They also influenced the
outcome of evaluative efforts. Outpatient services were
indistinguishable from alcohol abuse activities. A total
caseload evaluative review (tables are included) showed that
21.4 percent of the closed cases and 25.7 percent of the open
cases were successful. Intermediate care services
represented an attempt to put treatment concepts into
operation independent of an alcohol abuse model. A
therapeutic milieu was developed that emphasized group
therapy, structured work projects, physical reconditioning,
vocational counseling, and various elective, adjunctive
modalities. Significant issues associated with this and
other alcohol program evaluations are raised. The effect of
staffing practices and client recruitment on the
implementation of treatment components is explored.
4Dietrich Joseph Francis
Donwood Inst., Toronto (Ontario).
Planning, Development and Evaluation of the Donwood Day
Clinic for Alcoholism Treatment.
147p Mar 75 Available from University Microfilms
International* 300 N. Zeeb Road* Ann Arbor* MI 48106.
Treatment outcomes are compared for the inpatient and day
clinic alcoholism treatment programs at Donwood Institute in
Toronto. Study subjects included 50 inpatient and 50 day
clinic patients* primarily middle-aged males who had been
using alcohol chronically. At intake no differences in
demographic characteristics* alcohol use* or medical and
psychological characteristics were found between the two
groups. During treatment, significant changes in effect*
self-concept* knowledge about addiction* and reversal of
impairment were observed. Spouses who attended a brief
family education course significantly increased their
knowledge of addiction and decreased their social isolation
from the alcoholics. Four months after treatment* 85 percent
of the subjects were no longer using alcohol* and the
unemployment rate among the subjects had dropped from 27
percent to 5 percent. No significant differences in outcomes
were found between inpatients and outpatients. The cost of
the day clinic program was less than half that of the
inpatient program. Plans to conduct additional followup
studies are noted. A bibliography, supporting data* tables,
and documentation are provided.
Dunham Andrew B
National Association of Counties Research Foundation,
Washington* D.C. Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse Program.
County Official*s Guide to the National Health Planning and
Resources Development Act of 1974.
35p 1977 Available NTIS HRP-0023801
This guide to the National Health Planning and Resources
Development Act of 1974 is designed to aid county officials
and alcoholism treatment directors in understanding the
evolving role of agencies concerned with alcoholism and
alcohol abuse. Objectives of the act are to control the
costs of health services and to redress the uneven
distribution and quality of health care. Powers of health
systems agencies and State health planning and development
agencies (both mandatory and optional) are listed. It is
stated that these health planning agencies can help counties
by controlling costs, redistributing health care, providing
overall health planning and specific technical assistance*
enforcing local priorities* and improving health care and
informing the public. The agencies can hinder counties,
however* by setting up burdensome processes* overruling local
5health priorities, and placing restrictions on county
officials. In order for counties to receive the most support
from health planning agencies, it is necessary to seek
appointment to agency boards of directors, encourage the use
of subarea councils and other local groups, simplify the
review process, and use other means of influence. Trends in
the growth of health systems agencies and State health
planning and development agencies are reviewed. Appendixes
contain a review of P.L. 93-641, a glossary, the methodology
employed to prepare the guide for county officials, and a
brief history of health planning and the posture of the
National Association of Counties.
Group Health Association of America, Inc., Washington, D.C.
Dept, of Education and Research.
Alcoholism Services Handbook for Prepaid Group Plans.
79p Feb 77 Available NTIS PB-265 576/9
The handbook addresses topics of consideration for prepaid
group insurance plan administrators in assessing the
feasibility or necessity of developing alcoholism treatment
services. Background information is provided on national
legislation, pertinent state insurance provisions, and the
role of prepaid group plans as treatment resources, the main
body of the manual being devoted to separate consideration
of: (1) the needs, modalities, and possibilities for
evaluation of alcoholism treatment; (2) alternatives for
program planning, development, and implementation; and (3)
approaches to program monitoring and evaluation. A glossary
of significant terms is provided, as is a bibliography of
selected citations representative of the literature currently
available in the alcoholism treatment field. Included as
appendixes are certain employer-related materials and a
sample needs assessment survey. (NTIS)
Mattson Robert H, Carlson Larry C, Murray Michael A
Montana State Dept, of Institutions, Helena.
Montana State Plan for Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
Prevention, Treatment and Rehabilitation Programs.
382p 1976 Available NTIS HRP-0013253
A comprehensive program for the development and
implementation of alcoholism prevention, treatment, and
rehabilitation programs is presented for the State of
Montana. The State Plan serves as a basis for the allocation
of formula grant funds and for the utilization of all other
resources in planning, establishing, maintaining,
coordinating, and evaluating programs for alcohol abusers.
The opening section presents an estimate of the number of
alcoholics in Montana at the writing of the plan for fiscal
year 1976, as well as a discussion of the regional concept of
service delivery for alcoholism prevention and treatment.
6The FY 1976 plan follows, presented in a format of long range
goals, problem, related short range goal, objective, and
estimate of implementation costs. Other sections of the
document offer supporting materials, including:	legal
references; information on the State advisory council; a list
of providers of alcoholism services; information on the
allocation of State alcoholism funds for FY 1976 and proposed
allocation for FY 1977; forms used for review of applications
for State funds; criteria for approval of services providers;
definitions of service components; procedures for the
certification of alcoholism workers; organizational charts
for the State Department of Institutions and the Bureau of
Addictive Diseases; job descriptions for staff members of the
Bureau; and other documentation.
Moser Joy
World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland).
Problems and Programmes Belated to Alcohol *nd Drug
Dependence in 33 Countries.
113p 1974 Available from the Q Corp-, 49 Sheridan Ave.,
Albany, N.Y. 12210.
Problems and programs related to the use of alcohol and drugs
are examined, based on a World Health Organization (WHO)
inquiry involving 33 countries. The survey was designed to
provide information in the following categories:	program
planning; data collection, analysis, and utilization; extent
of problems associated with abnormal alcohol consumption;
availability and consumption of alcoholic beverages; extent
of dependence on drugs; availability and consumption of drugs
(excluding alcohol); national policies regarding persons
dependent on alcohol and other drugs; responsibilities and
activities of national bodies; treatment and after-care
services; prevention programs and education of the public;
professional education and training; involvement of
professional medical bodies in prevention and treatment;
research; and tobacco smoking. Due to wide variations in
drinking and drug habits among the countries surveyed,
differences in their sociocultural and economic environments,
divergence in methods for recording data, and often
incomplete response data, no attempt was made to compare
survey data from the 33 countries. Annexes to the report
provide information on procedures followed in the 1971-1972
WHO inguiry.
Myers Act Implementation Committee, Miami, Fla.
Myers Act Implementation Plan.
90p 16 Jul 73 Available NTIS HEP-0094928
A pilot plan in Dade County for implementing the Florida
Legislature's Myers Act concerning treatment and
rehabilitation of alcoholics is presented. A committee
7composed of approximately 50 individuals representing
existing alcohol treatment programs, primary health care
providers, and local agencies was formed to prepare a plan.
The program provides for:	humane treatment of the alcoholic
regardless of social or economic status; acquisition of
funding from government as well as private and commercial
sources; use of different research models to determine which
are most effective in dealing with specific alcohol-related
problems; and effective utilization of existing community
resources. An overview of the project is given, and the
following recommendations are made for 12 tasks or components
within the alcoholism treatment system:	community education;
client contact and transportation; intake and screening;
general hospitalization and acute detoxification; sub-acute
detoxification; residential treatment; vocational
rehabilitation; money and material aid; aftercare; research
and evaluation; and staff recruitment and training. Portions
of this document are not fully legible.
National Institute on Alcohol and Alcoholism, State Assistance
Branch
State Plan Profiles. July 1978.	220p.
To be available NTIS HRP-090C440.
New Jersey State Dept, of Health, Trenton.
New Jersey Plan for the Prevention and Treatment of
Alcoholism, 1976-77.
248p 1976 Available NTIS HRP-7012095
The 1976-1977 New Jersey Plan for the Prevention and
Treatment of Alcoholism is discussed. The plan was prepared
pursuant to the Comprehensive Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
Prevention and Rehabilitation Act of 1970, P.L. 91-616, Title
III, Part A. This Act authorizes formula grants to States to
assist in planning, establishing, maintaining, coordinating,
and evaluating projects for the development of more effective
prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation programs to deal
with alcohol abuse and alcoholism. The planning process
adopted by the New Jersey Advisory Council on Alcohol
Problems for the plan's development was goal-oriented. The
plan is divided into three major sections:	(1) assessment of
need (data and demographic statistics with selected forecasts
and commentary relating to alcoholism);	(2) resources and
systems for implementation (services, organizational
structures, procedures, and resources which exist toward
meeting identified alcoholism-related needs); and (3) goals,
objectives, courses of action, and evaluation for 1976-1977
(value judgments about the degree of change desired, specific
actions to be undertaken, and their quality assessment).
Appendices provide additional information on the plan's
development and coordination.
8Northwest Indiana Comprehensive Health Planning Council, Inc.,
Highland.
Alcohol Problems in Northwest Indiana.
t»6p Nov 73 Available NTIS HRP-00049U2
Results of a study of alcoholism and alcoholism treatment in
a seven county area of Northwest Indiana are presented in
this report by the Alcoholism Sub-Committee of the Regional
Task Force on Mental Health and Retardation. An estimate of
20,000 alcoholics in the region has been made, but the actual
extent of the disease is unknown because many thousands of
cases are being hidden by families, friends and employers. A
definition of alcoholism is given and the various types of
the disease, named for first five letters of the Greek
alphabet, are described. The stages of alcoholism are
outlined, and a profile of an alcoholic is given. Impact on
family life is examined, as well as the problems caused by
the alcoholic in industry. Methods of prevention, treatment
and control are discussed, and the present situation in the
area is analyzed. Results of the survey indicate that the
most effective community source of identification of the
alcoholic in northwest Indiana is the clergyman.
Recommendations of the sub-committee include:	development of
a comprehensive alcoholism unit, including detoxification,
inpatient and outpatient therapy; establishment of a halfway
house; community education; and staff training for those
agencies whose personnel work with alcoholics. Portions of
this document are not fully legible.
Roanoke Valley Regional Health Services Planning Council,
Inc., Va.
Report and Recommendations for Alcoholism Program Development
in the Roanoke Valley.
43p Nov 71 Available NTIS HRP-0005801
The status of alcoholism programs in the Roanoke Valley is
reviewed by the Roanoke Valley Regional Health Services
Planning Council, and recommendations for future alcoholism
program development are presented. Chapter I presents an
estimate of the extent of the alcoholism problem in the
Roanoke Valley, which includes the Roanoke, Virginia,
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Chapter II describes
available resources for alcoholism prevention and treatment
in the area, and Chapter III identifies additional resources
needed for prevention, early detection, treatment, and
rehabilitation of alcoholics. Chapter IV presents cost
projections for development of these additional resources,
and Chapter V reviews sources of funding. The most pressing
needs in the area are for a structured emergency care
program, an inpatient medical care program, and a phased
detoxification program, in which the first 3 to 5 days may be
spent in a hospital followed by another 12 to 15 days in a
minimal - care detoxification facility. A need also exists
for a central service staff to provide professional
9supervision, care, and expertise to all programs coping with
alcoholism. In summary, the recommended alcoholism program
plan consists of:	(1) continuation and expansion of existing
programs as appropriate; (2) development of a structured
emergency service, inpatient medical care, and acute
detoxification service by contract with existing hospitals;
(3) development of an intermediate - care detoxification
facility; and (i*) development of a multi-function central
services program through the existing mental health services
agency. Supporting documents and schematic illustrations are
included in the appendix.
Somers Gerald G
Wisconsin Univ. - Madison.
Insurance Industry and Occupational Alcoholism:	A Discussion.
Up 1975 Pub. in labor Law Jnl. Aug 75.
The occupational alcoholism program of the Hartford Insurance
Group is examined. The average salary of alcoholics in the
Hartford program was $15,515 in 1975. It is assumed that
this exceeds the average salary of nonalcoholic employees;
moreover, it does exceed the average salary of $8,900 for an
alcoholic in industry. Occupational consultants estimate
that the dollar loss suffered by industry due to an average
alcoholic*s reduced production exceeds 25 percent of that
employee*s regular full-time wage or salary. The lack of
effective alcoholism programs in industry is noted. One
major impediment to the expansion of industrial alcoholism
programs is the slowness of the commercial insurance industry
in extending coverage to alcoholism treatment on the same
terms extended to other illnesses. The Hartford Insurance
Group is only one of a few insurance companies that have
adopted an active policy on alcoholism. Restrictions posed
by insurance companies on the treatment of alcoholism are
examined. Three major types of restrictions are:	(1) many
insurance plans will provide benefits only for alcoholism
treatment in accredited hospitals and exclude private or
specialized alcoholism rehabilitation centers or psychiatric
hospitals; (2) the length of stay and number of repeat visits
to hospitals or treatment facilities are restricted beyond
those permitted for other illnesses; and (3) outpatient
treatment is either excluded or severely restricted in terms
of number of visits. The relationships between alcoholism,
legislation, and industrial relations research are discussed.
South Central Connecticut Regional Mental Health Planning
Council, Inc., New Haven.
Regional Alcoholism Plan for South Central Connecticut.
159p 18 Jan 7h Available NTIS HRP-0012127
A plan for the development of a comprehensive network of
alcoholism services is set forth for the 13 towns and cities
10served by the South Central Connecticut Regional Mental
Health Planning Council, Inc. The document includes a brief
description of the South Central Connecticut Region, a
description of the council task force activities leading up
to the plan, a statement of alcoholism-related needs in the
region, recommendations and implementation strategies for
meeting those needs, and an inventory and cost analysis of
existing services for alcoholics in the region. The task
force recommends that a statewide administrative structure be
developed for implementing both State and regional planning
and for decentralizing decisionmaking. It is recommended
that regional boundaries be established to coincide with
natural service areas, and that a regional consortium be
established for planning, policy determination, and
distribution of funding. The establishment of a regional
coalition of agencies, organizations, local government, and
citizens is viewed as a necessity. The coalition would
assume responsibility for developing needed facilities from
regional resources, particularly in the area of
detoxification. Research into the causes of alcoholism, its
prevalence in specific populations, and its severity in
comparison with other diseases is recommended, as is the
expansion of educational efforts focusing on alcoholism and
on social drinking. Increased early diagnosis and treatment
activities are recommended. The establishment of
centralized, cooperative intake, screening, and recordkeeping
systems for all alcoholism agencies is also recommended.
Other recommendations concern the expansion of rehabilitation
services for advanced alcoholics and the establishment of a
central services building for alcoholism in the city of New
Haven. Supporting data are included.
Southeast Arkansas Economic Development District, Inc., Pine
Bluff. Areawide Health Planning Program.
Southeast Arkansas District Plan for the Prevention,
Treatment, and Control of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
92p 15 Jan 75 Available NTIS HRP-0004551
A plan for the prevention and treatment of alcholism in ten
southeastern Arkansas counties is presented. The planning
area contains the second most populated county in the State
as well as several of the most sparsely populated counties.
Area residents tend to be far below average in income and
education. Blacks comprise 35.98 percent of the population.
In 1972, the northern catchment area had 2.56 admissions to
alcoholic treatment sites per 1,000 population, while the
southern catchment area had 0.63 admissions per 1,000. State
average was 1.03 admissions per 1,000. The first section of
the plan defines alcoholism and presents a general
description of the planning district, district
alcohol-related data, and inventories of current State and
district programs dealing with alcoholism. State-suggested
guidelines for comprehensive community treatment services for
alcoholics and their families are presented. A survey mailed
11to health providers, industries, companies, social service
agencies, judges, ministers, and consumers throughout the
district is described. Of 580 surveys sent out, 107
responses were received (28 percent response in the northern
catchment area, 15 percent response in the southern catchment
area). High on the list of priorities gleaned from survey
responses were professional consultation services,
educational services, and alcohol safety action programs. A
detailed accounting of survey responses is provided.
Resources and priorities are noted for each catchment area
relative to staff, present services, needs, and budget.
District objectives are stated with regard to prevention,
treatment, and rehabilitation. A sample survey instrument
and supporting tabular data are included. Portions of this
document are not fully legible.
Texas Commission on Alcoholism, Austin.
Texas State Plan for the Prevention, Treatment and Control of
Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism:	1975.
27Op 1974 Available NTIS HRP-0006894
The annual Texas State Plan for prevention and treatment of
alcohol abuse is presented by the Texas Commission on
Alcoholism, reporting on progress made between July 1 and
December 31, 1974 in implementing the 1974 Action Plan.
State and regional organization, administration, fiscal
control procedures, and standards and evaluation utilized by
the Texas Commission are described in detail. An analysis of
data relating to alcohol abuse and alcoholism, of economic
and social costs of alcohol abuse during 1974, and of
implications and needs is presented. Progress made on
priorities of the Action Plan of the 1974 Texas State Plan is
reported and representative alcoholism programs in Texas are
described. An Action Plan for 1975 is presented, including
goals, activities, and budget for 1975. Appended materials
include relevant legislation, organizational charts, planning
guidelines, and other supporting documents. Over 50 tables
are included.
Tidewater Regional Health Planning Council, Inc., Norfolk, Va.
Community Alcoholism Services Plan for the Tidewater Region.
33p May 74 Available NTIS HRP-0004174
An alcoholism services plan for the Tidewater Region of
southeastern Virginia is presented. The region incorporates
11 political subdivisions, including Norfolk, Portsmouth,
Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, and Suffolk cities, as well as
rural counties. An overview of the alcoholism problem at the
national. State, and local levels is presented. It is
estimated that from three to five percent of the Tidewater
population is afflicted by alcoholism. The 1973 per capita
alcoholic beverage sale figure was $66.40, with the highest
12per capita sales recorded in the counties of the Eastern
Shore. Over one-third of the arrests reported in the region
for 1971 and 1972 were for alcohol-related offenses.
Existing resources devoted to alcoholism treatment are
described, and an inventory of services is presented. There
are 13 separate organizations in the Tidewater Region which
provide some form of service to alcoholics; seven
organizations are qualified to give counseling in some form.
No area hospital has a program of comprehensive alcoholism
services. U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare
guidelines for a comprehensive approach to community
alcoholism services are noted with regard to emergency,
inpatient, and outpatient services, intermediate care, and
consultation and education. Major gaps in service to
Tidewater alcoholics are identified. Lack of a freestanding
detoxification unit in the Region is noted, as is the
inadequacy of data on utilization of existing services.
Recommendations are presented for action by the State
Assembly, State Commissioner on Higher Education, State
Insurance Commissioner and all providers of health insurance,
the Bureau of Alcohol Studies and Rehabilitation of the State
Department of Health, city councils and planning commissions,
labor leaders and employers, and providers of alcoholism
services in the Tidewater Region. Appendices present
supporting tabular data. A bibliography is included.
Portions of this document are not fully legible.
West Central Arkansas Planning and Development District, Inc.,
Hot Springs.
West Central Arkansas Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Plan.
39p Dec 74 Available NTIS HRP-0004345
Interagency coordination and cooperation is stressed in this
comprehensive plan for alcohol abuse and alcoholism in a
10-county area of west central Arkansas. Developed by the
West Central Arkansas Planning and Development District,
Inc., the plan presents demographic data and regional
alcohol-related data of the area in tabular format. Existing
services for alcoholics and their families are discussed and
service needs are identified. Those needs which are accorded
first priority include:	counseling; preventive education;
public education and information; interagency coordination;
and State level responsibility. Rehabilitative services are
recognized as a second level of priority and include
provisions for halfway facilities. The third level of
priority includes a mechanism for court liaison, the provision
of more schools for drunk driver education, outreach
services, and services within business and industry for
employees with alcohol-related problems. Recommendations
suggest that more planning and program development is needed,
with improved and expanded services available to minority
groups. Efforts for accreditation or licensure of alcoholism
counselors are endorsed. Portions of this document are not
fully legible.
132. COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTHBarten Harvey H, Beliak Leopold
Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic, New York.
Progress in Community Mental Health:	Volume II.
298p 1972 Available from Grune and Stratton, 111 Fifth
Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003.
Key issues in the field of community psychiatry and community
mental health are the focal point of articles contributed by
educators, administrators, and researchers in the second
volume of a series. The readings explore ways of meeting the
special needs of diverse segments of society, including the
populations of urban ghettos, college communities, and rural
areas. Difficulties such as those created by diminishing
Federal support, limited manpower resources, and identity
problems within the community mental health movement are
examined, as are problems related to organizational
complexities, planning, determining priorities, and
establishing consumer participation. The readings are
presented in three sections:	conceptual and organizational
aspects; new modes for the delivery of services; and
community mental health in broader perspective. Topics
covered include:	an assessment of the community mental
health movement in 1972; manpower needs, resources, and
innovations; consumer participation and control (a conceptual
overview); the mental health consortium; and strategies and
tactics in community mental health services. Among the
papers describing innovations in service delivery are
discussions of primary prevention with school children, the
philosophy and practice of sociopsychiatric rehabilitation in
economically deprived areas, problems and solutions in
college mental health, rural models, and the uses of the day
program. A review of public policy and mental health and an
assessment of the mental health 'state of the Nation' are
also included. An index is provided.
Beliak Leopold, Barten Harvey H
Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic, New York.
Progress in Community Mental Health. Volume 1.
299p 1969 Available from Grune and Stratton, 111 Fifth
Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003.
Issues in community psychiatry and community mental health
are reviewed by experts in the field in the first of a
planned series of periodic survey books. Contributors review
critically their respective fields, with special attention to
aspects related to community psychiatry and mental health.
Descriptions of innovations in the field are provided, and
trend projections are offered. Emphasis is on defining the
potentialities of community mental health programs. The
articles are presented in three sections:	organization and
objectives, direct services, and indirect services. Topics
covered include:	trend projections for 1980; epidemiology as
a prerequisite for planning; sociological issues in mental
health; organizational patterns of community mental health
17centers; brief psychotherapies; innovative group approaches;
dimensions of family therapy; the expanding role of
psychiatric rehabilitation; and priority services for
children. Other topics are; realizing the prevention of
mental illness; the emphasis on mental health consultation;
and community mental health as a branch of public health. An
index is provided.
Brown Bertram S, Cain Harry P
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md. Community
Mental Health Facilities Branch.
Many Meanings of 'Comprehensive*; Underlying Issues in
Implementing the Community Mental Health Center Program.
6p 15 Jun 64 Pub. in American Jnl. of Orthopsychiatry v34
n5 Oct 64.
The meaning of the word 'comprehensive' as it is applied in
the description of community mental health centers is
discussed. Trends in mental health care and political forces
which led to the passage of the Community Mental Health
Centers Act are reviewed. These trends include the
increasing availability of mental health services within
local communities as contrasted with traditional, isolated
institutional settings; development of new treatment
techniques such as use of psychoactive drugs and involvement
of the patient's family in the treatment program; increasing
emphasis on preventive mental health services and on
vocational and education rehabilitation services; greater
awareness of the special needs of problem groups; and
increasing interest in the social frames of reference within
which human behavior is understood. Provisions of the
Community Mental Health Centers Act which support the concept
of comprehensiveness are pointed out, including the
regulatory designation of the range of services to be
incorporated in the community centers. State and local
planning requirements for receipt of Federal funds under the
Act also are described. It is noted in conclusion that
•comprehensive' in the context of the community mental
health center refers to the range of services offered, the
variety of clients served, and the scope of the planning
needed to make the community centers a reality.
Community Care Services in Vancouver; Initial Planning and
Implementation.
Pub. in Canada's Mental Health (Ottawa) v24 nl p19-23 1976.
18Diamond Herbert, Santore Anthony
West Philadelphia Community Mental Health Consortium, Inc.,
Pa.
Basic Tasks in Developing a Community Mental Health Center.
4p 1974 Pub. in Hospital and Community Psychiatry v25 n4
p232-235 1974.
Fink Paul Jay
Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk.
Problems of Providing Community Psychiatry Training to
Residents.
4p 1975 Pub. in Hospital and Community Psychiatry v26 n5
p292-295 May 75.
Fogel Marvin E, Craig Dan
Comprehensive Health Planning of Northwest Illinois, Inc.,
Rockford.
Community Planning for Mental Illness, Alcohol and Drug Abuse
and Developmental Disabilities Services. A Procedural Manual
for Citizen Planning Groups. Section II.
113p 1976 Available NTIS HRP-0016800
A format for use in developing an integrated information -
gathering system to supply needs assessment data for planning
activities in the areas of mental illness, alcohol and drug
abuse, and developmental disabilities is detailed in the
second section of a planning guide directed to communities in
northwest Illinois. The techniques and forms presented are
those used to provide the health status, social indicator,
and agency utilization data necessary to implement the
planning concepts described in the first section of the
guide. Techniques and forms for conducting a sample survey
to determine the mental health status of a community*s
general population are presented, as are methods for using
census data and other social indicators to identify areas
within the community where mental health problems are most
likely to occur. A management information system aimed at
providing measures of comprehensiveness and continuity of
services, characteristics of clients, rates and capacities of
programs, and cost-effectiveness of services is described,
and copies of forms to be used in implementing the system are
included. An approach to using survey, social indicator, and
agency utilization data in the development of objectives and
subobjectives for the plan document is outlined.
19Fogel Marvin E, Coppel David, Butledge Allison, Siker Dan
Comprehensive Health Planning of Northwest Illinois, Inc.,
Rockford.
Community Planning for Mental Illness, Alcohol and Drug Abuse
and Developmental Disabilities Services. A Procedural Manual
for Citizen Planning Groups. Section I:	Concepts and
Principles.
110p 1975 Available NTIS HRP-0016799
A step-by-step guide is presented to assist planning
authorities in northwest Illinois communities in the
preparation of comprehensive mental health and developmental
disabilities plans. The concepts and methods of planning
presented are those needed to develop 1-year and 5-year plans
for services in the areas of mental health, alcoholism, drug
abuse, and developmental disabilities. The guide opens with
an overview of the planning process, followed by methods for
defining target populations, for determining the number of
people already receiving services, and for estimating the
number of people in need of services. Prevalence rates for
alcoholism, drug abuse, developmental disability, and mental
illness in or near the communities to which the guide is
directed are presented. Methods for determining the social
characteristics and locations of people in need of services
are described. Model networks of services for the
developmentally disabled, the mentally ill, and those with
alcohol and drug abuse problems are outlined. The functions
of a management information system are summarized, and a
community planning organizational structure is proposed.
Appended materials include information of use in identifying
target populations (e.g., the behavioral characteristics of
persons with drug abuse problems); a categorization of levels
of impairment in four areas of life - functioning; a proposed
network of linked mental health services at the community
level; and excerpts from a draft of the Illinois 5-year State
plan for mental health and developmental disabilities.
Gentry John T, Kaluzny Arnold D, Veney James E, Coulter
Elizabeth J
North Carolina Univ. at Chapel Hill, School of Public Health.
Provision of Mental Health Services by Community Hospitals
and Health Departments:	A Comparative Analysis.
9p 1973 Pub. in American Jnl. of Public Health v63 n1)
p863-871 Oct 73.
The levels at which hospitals and health departments have
implemented mental health services are examined, variables
associated with different levels of implementation are
considered and the significance of the findings for health
planners and administrators is discussed. The data on which
the analysis is based were gathered from three sources:	(1)
national samples of 627 short-term acute care hospitals (480
responses) and 286 health departments (206 responses);	(2) a
sample of hospital administrators and health officers in 65
20hospitals and 28 health departments in New York State; and
(3) administrators of planning, funding, and regulatory
bodies serving New York. Findings are summarized in five
areas:	implementation levels; factors perceived as
influencing implementation and referral arrangements; the
role of planning, funding, and regulatory agencies; and
utilization of mental health services. Implementation
differences by size of institution, population, region, and
hospital sponsorship suggest the contribution of community
and organizational variables to implementation of mental
health services. Differential implementation levels, such as
the relatively limited amount of case-finding and
posthospitalization followup activities identified, suggest
priorities for development, as do reasons given by
administrators and planners for not implementing specific
services. Tabular data supporting these and other findings
are included. Copies of survey instruments are not provided.
Goldman Elaine
Adelphi Oniv., Garden City, N.Y. School of Nursing.
Community Mental Health Nursing:	The Practitioner’s Point of
View.
285p 1972 Available from Appleton-Century-Crofts. Educational
Division, Meredith Corporation, 440 Park Ave., South, New
York, N.Y. 10016.
Papers and discussions from a 1970 conference on community
mental health nursing practice are recorded. Participants in
the conference, which was sponsored by the American Nurses*
Association, included practicing community mental health
nurses selected from across the United States. The purpose
was to describe the nature and the scope of community mental
health nursing practice and problems and to discuss
innovative forms of practice. Papers in the first four
chapters correspond to the four major topics selected for the
conference:	treatment modalities, staff development,
community involvement, and organizational structure and
administrative practice. Among the topics discussed are:
innovations in community mental health nursing practice, such
as the nurse therapist as a member of an interdisciplinary
team; differential role development for nurses in group
therapy; a role for nursing in a community drug addiction
program; and the nurse's role in planning inner-city mental
health services. In the second section, theoretical
explorations relevant to the assessment and maintenance of
mental health processes and systems are presented. These
papers, written after the conference, discuss social systems
and mental health services, social power in community
psychiatric nursing, and stability and change in community
mental health practice. The planning, implementation, and
outcome of the conference are addressed in the third part.
Included are the conference grant proposal to the National
Institute of Mental Health, the objectives and design of the
conference, a glossary, an overview of the content and
21process of the conference# recommendations, an evaluation of
the conference# and an annotated bibliography.
Goldmeier John# Alexander C Alex
General Systems and PERT Concepts in Community Mental Health
Planning.
Pub. in Maryland State Medical Journal v24 nl p46-50 1975.
Green Robert L# Simmons Cassandra# Smith Velvie V# Elliott. M T
College of Urban Development# Michigan State University# East
Lansing# Michigan 48824
Community Mental Health Planning in an Urban Environment.
Pub. in Journal of Non-White Concerns v5 n2 p83-91 1977.
i-j
Hargreaves William A# Attkisson C. Clifford# McIntyre
Marguerite H# Siegel Larry M# Sorensen James E
Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Inst., San Francisco, Calif.
Resource Materials for Community Mental Health Program
Evaluation. Part II. Needs Assessment and Planning.
162p 1974 Available NTIS PB-249 044/9
Contents: Mental health needs assessment—strategies and
techniques; Social area analysis—procedures and illustrative
applications based upon the mental health demographic profile
system; Goal analysis (abstract); A group process model for
problem identification and program planning. (NTIS)
Johnson Douglas Lee
Iowa Univ.# Iowa City. Dept, of Hospital and Health
Administration.
Comprehensive Community Mental Health Services:	A
Redefinition.
214p 1974 Available from University Microfilms International#
300 N. Zeeb Road# Ann Arbor# Michigan 48106.
A plan for comprehensive mental health services is presented
based on definitional clarifications# historical foundations#
a review of the literature# and a critical examination of the
achievements of the Federal community mental health program.
The discussion reflects the concept that a person's
self-attitude, self-actualization# perceptions# mastery# and
autonomy are a function not only of the individual but of the
community# and that alleviation and prevention of mental
illness must go beyond the individual to address his
surroundings. Examination of the persons# events# and trends
in the development of psychiatry in the United States reveals
cycles in the treatment of mentally ill persons# as well as
an overeagerness to accept panaceas. The growth of the
concept of community psychiatry is traced# and the
implementation of elements of comprehensive mental health
22services in the Federal mental health centers program is
examined. It is concluded that the Federal program has
failed to replace the State mental hospital system with
community-based services and to end the two-class system of
mental health delivery. The program has failed largely in
providing the ten services it established as goals for
insuring comprehensive care. A plan for comprehensive mental
health care for the citizens of Iowa is presented that has
eight major goals:	(1) making community mental health
services available to all citizens; (2) redefining simple
communities within catchment areas and introducing a program
of primary prevention in these communities; (3) providing
comprehensive services appropriate to each mental health
center's catchment area and its community components; (4)
creating a system entry point at which all patients are
immediately evaluated and triaged; (5) insuring unimpeded
access from one service to another; (6) providing satellite
clinic programs as needed; (7) introducing an individual
patient attainment evaluation program; and (8) employing
these objectives in an updated mental health plan for Iowa.
Reactions of five Iowa mental health officials to the
proposed plan are presented. A bibliography is included.
LeCompte Gare, McCord Thomas J, Thayne Robert F, Volo Alfred
M, Lafer Mark E
NY-Penn Health Management Corp., Binghamton, N.Y.
Community Mental Health Service Profile.
97p Nov 75 Available NTIS HRP-7707299
A study of the 1971 admissions to three county outpatient
mental health clinics in the region served by the NY-Eenn
Health Management Corporation is documented, and selected
comparisons are made to State hospital admissions for the
region. The study is part of a two-year mental health
systems analysis project conducted in the bi-State (New York
and Pennsylvania) area. The report includes a description of
the socio-demographic characteristics of each of three
counties included in the study and of. the clinic populations;
an analysis of patient origins for each of the three clinics;
a description of referral sources and termination disposition
data; a description of services offered; and diagnosis and
treatment effectiveness data. Among the Conclusions reached
are:	(1) the elderly and less educated appear to be
underserved in the three county clinics; (2) physical
accessibility to the clinics appears to be an important
factor affecting delivery of services; (3) self-referrals,
along with referrals by family and friends, represent the
largest source of referrals for the three clinics, although
substantial referrals are received from several contact
points throughout the human services network; and (4) 58
percent of all admissions are rated as moderately to severely
disturbed, indicating that many individuals delay seeking
help at the clinics until the problem becomes intolerable.
It is noted that the clinical case records, upon which the
23
istudy was based, provide a 'detailed and flexible* data set
for investigating delivery of outpatient mental health
services. & bibliography and supporting data are included.
Portions of this document are not fully legible.
Macht Lee B
Massachusetts Dept, of Mental Health, Boston.
Beyond the Mental Health Center:	Planning for a Community of
Neighborhoods.
8p 1975 Pub. in Psychiatric Annals v5 n7 p56-57, 61-63, 67-69
1975.
An approach to planning neighborhood-oriented, comprehensive
mental health care that builds on and extends the concept of
the community mental health center is presented. The
planning approach consists of four levels of service, with
linkages that allow staff coordination and staff sharing as
well as patient entry and preventive activities at all levels
of the system. The four levels are:	(1) primary mental
health services, provided by neighborhood-level facilities
that operate as integral components of neighborhood health
and multiservice centers; (2) community hospital or mental
health center services (emergency, outpatient, short term
hospitalization, inpatient treatment), provided through
catchment-area-level facilities for a population base of up
to 200,000;	(3) extended care services through backup
facilities operating at the catchment-area level; and (b)
long term care provided through a regional facility serving
at least two catchment areas. The approach is advantageous
in that the neighborhood is a natural geographic division
that has psychologic and social meaning to its people. The
neighborhood center that encourages community participation
is viewed as part of the community, owned by the residents
and working for them. The integration of mental health
services with other health services allows both to be more
relevant, and makes it possible for mental health services to
be delivered by general health staff with mental health
consultation and backup. The approach allows the
neighborhood to become a useful social unit for integrating
services. The neighborhood also is a manageable division for
workers to use in learning about ecologic and interpersonal
forces affecting health and in developing preventive
programming and new treatment ideas. The system's linkage
between neighborhood and central facilities can maximize
staff use and development while permitting patient entry at
the appropriate level.
McWilliams Spencer A, Lewis Susan E
Community Mental Health Ideology and Activity interests.
Pub. in American Journal of Community Psychology vb nb
p351-355 1976.
24Mirabile Matthew P
Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, N. Y.
Planning Model for Allocating Manpower Resources in Community
Mental Health and Mental Retardation Organizations.
417p Aug 75 Available from University Microfilms
International, 307 N. Zeec Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
This dissertation describes the development and validation of
an innovative decisionmaking methodology for the provision of
services to the mentally retarded. A mathematical model is
presented that is based on subjective estimates of utility by
a sample of experts. It is then used for the optimum
allocation of resources, subject to such constraints as the
need for services and the availability of resources. The
model can be applied to resource allocation and the provision
of services by clinical teams operating relatively
independently of a centralized organization serving mentally
retarded persons in a noninstitutional health care facility.
Consideration is given to both short-range and long-range
allocation and planning. Stages in the model's development
are also described. Mathematical assumptions underlying the
behavior of the model pertain to linearity, a transition
probability function, a deterministic coefficient and
constraint values, the supply and demand for services, and
fractional versus integer allocations. Physical
characteristics expressed in the model are planning versus
evaluation, collaborative versus direct services, and client
transition. Appendixes contain the forms used in the
development of the model and associated data and a
bibliography is provided.
Missouri Oniv. - Columbia. School of Social Work.
Collaboration Between Staff / Board in Community Mental
Health Programs.
24p Feb 76 Available NTIS HRP-0)14476
The establishment of effective working relationships between
staff and board members involved in community mental health
programs is addressed with emphasis on citizen collaboration
with the staff of community mental health programs.
Consideration is given to the essential characteristics of
effective board members, role differentiation between board
and staff members, and the structures, mechanisms,
responsibilities, and potential benefits of collaboration.
An entrepreneur model is described as a means by which
managers can supplement their own abilities with those of
others. Social aspects in the organization of community
mental health programs are discussed. It is felt that board
members can add to quantitative and qualitative management
capacities in public and private mental health agencies and
that citizen participation in the planning of research may be
crucial to the utilization of findings. Value judgments must
enter into the process of selecting questions to which
professional effort and other resources are to be committed.
25Characteristics of effective board members are noted, as well
as criteria for board member selection and the purpose and
responsibilities of a board of directors. Program and
process objectives of community mental health staff and board
members are delineated. Major functions of a board of
directors are listed, and typical committees of a board are
examined, e.g. service, public social policy or public issue,
agency interpretation, and board development and training
committees. Requirements for the development of effective
working relationships between board and staff members are
detailed. A bibliography is provided.
Missouri Univ. - Columbia. School of Social Work.
Guidelines for the Development and Operation of Community
Boards for Mental Health Programs.
34p Feb 76 Available NTIS HRP-0014472
Community boards represent the involvement of DHEW, the
Public Health Service, and the National Health Service Corps
in a community. They provide the organizational framework
within which mental health care services can be organized,
managed, and delivered. Basic types of community boards and
implications for their organization and functioning are
noted. Three steps in the organization of a community board
are listed:	(1) introduce an awareness of need; (2) form a
temporary organizing committee; and (3) establish the basic
functions of an organizing committee. Types of community
boards include the community mental health policymaking and
planning board, the mental health care program development
board, the mental health care administrative board, and the
mental health advisory committee. General issues involved in
the organization of a community board are discussed. The
general responsibilities of a board are defined, and
guidelines for operating a board and establishing board
committee are provided. The development of community board
goals is addressed.
National Conference on Social Work, Columbus, Ohio.
Roles for Social Work in Community Mental Health Programs.
73p Jun 75 Available NTIS HRP-0013096
The findings of a task force convened by the National
Conference on Social Welfare to consider the potential role
of social work in community mental health programs are
reported. The report, one of several presented at a series
of institutes on health and health care delivery held in
conjunction with the conference’s 1975 forum on the human and
political dimensions of health, incorporates the views of
task force members and of participants in institute
discussions. The work of the task force embraced two major
tasks:	(1) a review of the original goals of community
mental health legislation, the requirements for State plans.
26definitions of community mental health, and criticisms of
community health programs; and (2) a review of the historical
development of the missions of social work relative to those
of community mental health programs- It is concluded that
there is an imbalance in the utilization of social work
manpower in community mental health programs. Not enough
social workers are being used in nonclinical areas, and the
clinical areas in which social workers are use^ need to be
expanded into client-related systems of sewices. It is
pointed out that social workers are uniquely qualified to
coordinate the efforts of the community mental health program
with those of other social and community systems.
Recommendations are offered for actions to optimize the role
of the social worker in community mental health programs.
Tabular data reflecting the utilization of social work and
other manpower in community mental health programs are
appended.
North Carolina Univ. at Chapel Hill.
North Carolina Community Mental Health Center Evaluation
Project: Report of Planning Phase.
176p Sep 7h Available NTIS PB-250 670/7
The document completes the reports on the planning phase of a
project to determine the feasibility of designing and
implementing an evaluation protocol for the programs and
activities of community mental health centers. The
organization of task forces and their duties and plans for
project implementation are defined here. A critique of the
planning effort is included. (NTIS)
NY - Penn Health Management Corp., Binghamton, N.Y.
Inter-Agency Roles and Linkages in Community Mental Health.
77p 1975 Available NTIS HRP-0007197
Findings of four independent study efforts are presented in
one monograph of a series produced under an Experimental
Health Services Delivery System contract with the Health
Resources Administration of DHEVJ. Two studies involved
survey research techniques, and secondary data sources were
used for the remaining two. The development of community
mental health is examined by the distribution of community
mental health orientations among local mental health
professionals and members of five local mental health boards.
The conflicts between professionals, widely suggested in
mental health literature, were found absent in the study
area. Admission termination data were examined for three
outpatient mental health clinics located in Broome, Chenango,
and Tioga counties in New York. By examining referral
patterns in the clinics, the study explored such issues as
the continuity, availability, accessibility of care, and the
use of mental health facilities. The issues of cost and per
27capita expenditures for mental health services are addressed,
and it was determined that during calendar year 1971
approximately $14 million total or $34 per person were spent
in the area. The final study attempts to define the
boundaries of the mental health service delivery system by
investigating the role of social workers in public agencies.
It was found that the amount of counseling done by social
workers and their reported contacts with more central mental
health providers appeared to justify their inclusion as a
component of the mental health system. The survey instrument
is included. Portions of this document are not fully legible.
Olkon Sheldon H
Mental Health - Mental Retardation Area Program, Minneapolis,
Minn.
Linking Planning with Evaluation in Community Mental Health.
9p 1974 Pub. in Community Mental Health Jnl. vll n4 p359-367
1974.
A systematic approach is presented for linking community
mental health program planning with evaluation. Thirteen
stages in the planning process are identified which involve
an 18-month recurring cycle:	(1) establish areawide goals
and subgoals; (2) collect community data; (3) analyze
community data; (4) identify needed programs; (5) develop bid
specifications; (6) rank needed programs in order of
priority; (7) inform existing and potential providers in an
area of needed programs and order of projected program
priorities; (8) review bidding process in accordance with bid
specifications, projected costs, and predetermined operations
standards; (9) provide assistance in program development;
(10) develop annual plan; (11) obtain funding sources; (12)
modify annual plan if necessary; and (13) evaluate program on
a systematic basis. Depending on the scope of the entire
planning and evaluation process, prework activities necessary
to carry out each stage include the development of designated
work responsibilities, specific work plans for each planning
and evaluation staff member planning and evaluation manpower
needs and cost projections, and effectiveness measures to
evaluate the planning and evaluation system.
Rosenzweig Norman
Wayne State Oniv., Detroit, Mich.
Community Mental Health Programs in England:	An American
View.
273p 1975 Available from the Wayne State Univ. Press, 5980
Cass Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48202, $13.95.
Based on observations made during visits to England in 1969
and 1971, the British system of community mental health
services is examined and compared to the JJ.S. system. Basic
differences between British and O.S. systems are noted.
28including differences in context within which the two systems
operate, as well as differences in orientation (i.e.,
socialized medicine versus private practice). It is noted
further that in England, people do not usually seek
psychiatric assistance unless there is some danger of suicide
or homicide or some form of irrational behavior that makes
the individual unmanageable at home. The goal of the health
service is to bring the disturbing symptoms under control
and, if at all possible, to maintain the patient at home or
in some kind of community setting, such as a hostel or
sheltered workshop. Through 1969, community mental health
programs in England had developed primarily through unplanned
change, as compared to the planned development of community
mental health centers in the U-S. Following upon several
studies and efforts of fact-finding commissions, the British
system in 1971 underwent administrative modifications, some
far-reaching in nature. The book deals with the background
and context of English mental health services, the actual
service elements, and the ways in which these elements differ
from those familiar in the 0.S. Specific descriptions of
programs and hospitals which illustrate the British approach
to mental health are included, as is a discussion of
community mental health and related services available to a
particular borough of London.
Shambaugh J. Philip, Windle Charles, Lawrence Linda, Goldsmith
Harold, Rosen Beatrice
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Demographic Norms of Community Mental Health Center Catchment
Areas.
36p Mar 75 Available NTIS HRP-0004150
Data from the National Institute of Mental Health Small Area
Demographic Profile System are presented which permit
comparison and assessment of the demographic structure of
community mental health center catchment areas. Over 130
demographic data items (social indicators) were created from
the 1970 Census and incorporated in the Profile System to
allow the delineation of meaningful social areas (residential
areas with common social rank, lifestyle, ethnicity, and
other related characteristics) and subsequent inferences
about the health and related needs of resident populations of
those areas. Catchment area descriptions were derived from
State plans and from community mental health center grant
applications. The specific data presented are decile values,
means and standard deviations, and the shapes of the
distributions of each of the 130 data items for all 1,499
catchment areas in the Onited States. The data are intended
for use by individual centers in determining how typical
their catchment area is in comparison with others. Such
information can, in turn, aid in interpretation of the
appropriateness of the services provided by the center or of
its staffing patterns. Methods for evaluating statistics for
given areas are discussed briefly. As an illustration.
29selected statistics for the catchment area of the Inner City
Community Mental Health Center in Baltimore, Maryland are
analyzed. A bibliography and 13 tables are included.
Appendixes include a discussion of distribution curves.
Steele Richard J
Macro Systems, Inc., Silver Spring, Md.
Trends in Sources of Funds for Community Mental Health Centers
203p May 73 Available NTIS PB-247 461/4
The report drew on 15 case studies of various Community
Mental Health Centers to determine how successful they had
been in reducing their dependency on the NIMH grants which
have been in effect for eight years. Descriptive histories
of each center, along with personal visits with staff are
outlined in the appendices. (NTIS)
Strauss Marvin, Vance Mary
Cincinnati Oniv., Ohio. Graduate Dept, of Community Planning.
Bibliography:	Community Mental Health Planning.
5p Mar 70 Available from Mrs. Mary Vance, Editor, Council of
Planning Librarians, P.0. Box 229, Monticello, 111 61856,
$1.50.
A bibliography of some 60 books, bibliographies, articles,
and reports pertaining to community mental health planning is
presented. The bibliography was prepared for a workshop on
mental health planning sponsored by the Health Planning
Program, Graduate Department of Community Planning,
University of Cincinnati, January 26-28, 1970. References
are listed alphabetically by author, and date from 1955
through 1969. The bibliography also includes a list of
relevant periodicals, together with subscription information
for each.
Texas State Dept, of Mental Health and Mental Retardation,
Austin.
Texas State Plan for Construction of Community Mental Health
Centers. Fiscal Years 1973 and 197*1.
407p 1974 Available NTIS HRP-0001973
The Texas State plan for construction of community mental
health centers for the period 1973-1974 is presented. The
plan delineates the State into 80 catchment areas, describes
the existing pattern of services in those areas, and presents
the priority system established for allocation of fiscal year
1973 and 1974 Federal construction funds. The goal is for
maximum utilization of available funds for construction of
facilities and provision of services designed to assure
detection, treatment, and rehabilitation of the State's
30mentally ill population. Responsibility for general
administration was vested in the Texas Department of Mental
Health and Mental Retardation by legislation effective
September 1, 1965. Administrative organization and functions
are examined. Policies and assurances regarding construction
and service delivery, as well as personnel selection, are
detailed, followed by provisions for coordination and
continuity of planning. The delineated catchment areas are
identified and pertinent population and priority information
data are included. An inventory of mental health facilities
and services in each area is given, and current emphasis and
projected plans in each area are summarized. Appendices
provide an explanation for review of the State plan,
information on staffing and construction grants. State grant
in aid allocations, affidavit of publication notice, and
provisions of the Mental Health and Mental Retardation Act.
Topf Margaret, Byers Ruth Gordon
California Univ., Los Angeles.
Role Fusion on the Community Mental Health Multidisciplinary
Team.
6p 1969 Pub. in Nursing Research v18 n3 p270-275 Hay-Jun
69.
The dimension of role fusion on the community mental health
multidisciplinary team is assessed. Role fusion is defined
as a process whereby the functions and expectations of a
given position match the functions and expectations of
another position. A literature search yielded a pool of 315
job functions performed by a community mental health
multidisciplinary team. The need for assistance in data
analysis was presented to a group of potential judges at a
community mental health center. Three nonprofessionals
volunteered; all had a minimum of two years of college and
two years of mental health experience and were knowledgeable
in mental health terminology. They were instructed to list
each job function into columns of similar descriptive terms;
blind item classification was employed. Study results
indicated a sharing of tasks among the team psychiatrist,
psychologist, social worker, and nurse in the following
categories:	individual therapy, group therapy, supervision,
mental health education, consultation, casework, program
planning and evaluation, administration, research, aftercare,
and family therapy. It was concluded that additional
evidence is necessary on job expectations before the
hypothesis of role fusion can receive more than partial
support.
31United Community Planning Corp., Boston, Mass.
Community Mental Health and the Mental Hospital.
107p Nov 73 Available from United Community Planning Corp.,
14 Somerset St., Boston, M& 02108.
Historical developments in mental health planning in
Massachusetts are reviewed, and relevant legislation is
noted. A mental hospital planning project, initiated in 1972
to highlight issues affecting the ability of the
Massachusetts Departments of Mental Health to expand
community-based services, is cited. Psychiatric and social
needs of patients in State mental hospitals were assessed in
the conduct of the project. Concepts related to community
mental health programs are discussed. Particular attention
is given to outpatient services, partial hospitalization,
emergency services, inpatient services, rehabilitative
services, community residential services, and accountability.
Characteristics of people who use mental hospitals in
Massachusetts are described. Such people include the adult
mentally ill, the elderly mentally ill, adult psychiatric
offenders, children and youth, alcoholics, and drug abusers.
The decentralization of mental health services and the
establishment of community comprehensive mental health
programs in all areas of the State are proposed. Principles
and processes involved in deinstitutionalization are
considered, as well as manpower needs and resource
allocation. Additional information is appended on the
provision of mental health services in Massachusetts.
United States Senate, Committee on Appropriations
Funding and Planning a Comprehensive Mental Health Delivery
System.
Pub. in Journal:	National Association of Private Psychiatric
Hospitals v8 n3 p4-6 1976.
Vayda Andrea M MA, Perlmutter Felice D PHD
Primary Prevention in Community Mental Health Centers:	A
Survey of Current Activity.
Pub. in Community Mental Health Journal v13 n4 p343-351
Winter 1977.
Visotsky Harold M, Kay Barbara A
Northwestern Univ., Chicago, 111. Medical School.
Deinstitutionalization:	A Community Mental Health Process.
17p 19 Nov 75 Available NTIS HFP-0006707
Problems and progress in deinstitutionalizing psychiatric
care are reviewed, and a multilevel, community-based system
of mental health services is proposed in a paper presented at
the November 1975 meeting of the American Public Health
Association. Studies are cited showing the negative
consequences of long stays in psychiatric hospitals on the
32mentally ill, and it is observed that many of these
consequences are common among persons institutionalized in
other closed facilities. Factors in the declining
populations of State mental ho'^itals are discussed. The
shortcomings of community mental health programs in their
attempts to handle discharged patients and emptying State
hospitals are pointed out. It is noted that mental health
services, if they are to be delivered successfully through a
community-based system, cannot survive as a freestanding
entity but must be integrated with all of the human service
systems of the community. These links must be planned prior
to the initiation of any community mental health service
unit. Echelons suggested for such a system of psychiatric
services include:	the neighborhood outpost, a screening,
linking, and planning unit working with other neighborhood
agencies; the community mental health center, which provides
intensive outpatient treatment and appropriate referral; and
the extended care facility and categorical programs that
provide protective and rehabilitative services for patients
who need long-term care. The discussion closes with a review
of population projections for correctional institutions and
the problems suggested by the projections. Implications for
all forms of institutionalization are drawn.
Windle Charles E, Rosen Beatrice M, Goldsmith Harold F,
Shambaugh J. Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Geographical Descriptions of Community Mental Health
Catchment Areas in Region VII:	1973.
25p 1973 Available NTIS HEP-0009239
Geographic descriptions are provided of community mental
health catchment areas in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, and
Nebraska (Region VII). Data presented are as specified by
the States in their plans for construction of community
mental health centers, effective in January 1973. The
descriptions are one product of the Mental Health Demograpic
Profile System, designed to provide social, economic, and
vital statistics necessary for developing estimates of the
mental health and related needs of catchment area
populations. Such data are useful in planning, organization,
and evaluation of community mental health services. The
catchment area descriptions include the following items of
information:	(1) catchment area name; (2) center number
designated for catchment areas which contain a federally
funded community mental health center; (3) total population
of the catchment area; (4) names of counties or county
equivalents in the catchment area; (5) county code used by
the Bureau of the Census; and (6) census tracts in the
catchment area.
33Windle Charles D, Rosen Beatrice M, Goldsmith Harold F,
Shambaugh J- Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Geographical Descriptions of Coirirunity Mental Health
Catchment Areas in Region VI:	1973.
34p 1973 Available NTIS HRP-9399238
Geographic data are presented for community mental health
catchment areas in Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma,
and Texas (Region VI) . The geographic descriptions are as
specified in State plans for construction of community mental
health centers, effective in January 1973. The Community
Mental Health Centers Program is organized around a catchment
area concept to facilitate responsiveness of centers to local
communities. The Mental Health Demographic Profile System,
of which the geographic descriptions are a product, is
designed to provide social, economic, and vital statistics
useful in planning, organizing, and evaluating mental health
services for a given catchment area. The catchment area
descriptions include the following items of information:	(1)
catchment area name; (2) center number designated for
catchment areas which contain a federally funded community
mental health center; (3) total population of the catchment
area; (4) names of counties or county equivalents in the
catchment area; (5) county code used by the Bureau of the
Census; and (6) census tracts in the catchment area.
Windle Charles D, Rosen Beatrice M, Goldsmith Harold F,
Shambaugh J. Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Geographical Descriptions of Community Mental Health
Catchment Areas in Region III:	1973.
35p 1973 Available NTIS HRP-0009235
Geographic data are presented for community mental health
catchment areas in Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, District of
Columbia, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia (Region III) . The
descriptions reflect specifications of State plans for
construction of community mental health centers effective in
January 1973. The Community Mental Health Centers Program is
organized around the catchment area concept to facilitate
responsiveness of the centers to local communities. The
geographic descriptions are one product of the Mental Health
Demographic Profile System, developed to provide social,
economic, and vital statistics for use in planning,
organizing, and evaluating community mental health services.
The catchment area descriptions include the following items
of information:	(1) catchment area name; (2) center number
designated for areas which contain a federally funded
community mental health center; (3) total population of the
catchment area; (4) names of the counties or county
equivalents in the catchment area; (5) county code used by
the Pureau of the Census; and (6) census tracts in the
catchment area.
34Windle Charles E, Rosen Beatrice M, Goldsmith Harold F,
Shambaugh J. Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Geographical Descriptions of Community Mental Health
Catchment Areas in Region IX:	1973.
33p 1973 Available NTIS HRP-0009241
Geographic descriptions of community mental health catchment
areas are presented for Region IX States, including
California, Nevada, Arizona, and Hawaii. These geographic
descriptions, which reflect information in State plans for
construction of community mental health centers as of January
1973, are a product of the Mental Health Demographic Profile
System designed to provide social, economic, and vital
statistics necessary for developing estimates of the mental
health and mental health needs of catchment area populations.
Such data are useful in planning services for a given area,
organizing these services, and evaluating how successfully
facilities make services accessible, equitable, and
responsive to community needs. The geographic catchment area
descriptions include:	(1) catchment area name; (2) center
number designated for catchment areas containing a federally
funded community mental health center; (3) total population
of the catchment area; (h) names of counties or county
equivalents in the catchment area; (5) county code used by
the Bureau of the Census; and (6) census tracts in the
catchment area.
Dindle Charles D, Rosen Beatrice M, Goldsmith Harold F,
Shambaugh J. Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Geographical Descriptions of Community Mental Health
Catchment Area in Region IV; 1973.
Uhp 1973 Available NTIS HRP-0D9236
Geographic data are presented for community mental health
catchment areas in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,
Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee
(Region IV). The geographic descriptions are as specified by
States in their plans for construction of community mental
health centers, effective in January 1973. The Community
Mental Health Centers Program is organized around the
catchment area concept to facilitate responsiveness of the
centers to local communities. The Mental Health Demographic
Profile System, of which the geographical descriptions are a
product, provides social, economic, and vital statistics
necessary for developing estimates of the mental health and
related needs of the population of any catchment area. The
geographic description of catchment areas includes the
following items of information:	(1) catchment area name; (2)
center number designated for catchment areas containing a
35federally funded community mental health center; (3) total
population of the catchment area; (4) names of the counties
or county equivalents in the catchment area; (5) county code
used by the Bureau of the Census; and (6) census tracts in
the catchment area.
Uindle Charles D, Eosen Beatrice M, Goldsmith Harold F,
Shambaugh J. Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health* Rockville, Md.
Geographical Descriptions of Community Mental Health
Catchment Areas in Region X:	1973.
17p 1973 Available NTIS HRP-0009242
Geographic data are presented for community mental health
catchment areas in Region X States, Washington, Oregon,
Idaho, and Alaska. The catchment area descriptions are as
specified by the States in their plans for construction of
community mental health centers, effective in January 1973.
The Community Mental Health Centers Program, is organized
around the catchment area concept to facilitate
responsiveness of centers to local communities. The Mental
Health Demographic Profile System, of which the geographic
descriptions are a product, provides social, economic, and
vital statistics necessary for estimating the mental health
and mental health needs of catchment area populations. Such
data are useful in planning, organizing, and evaluating
community mental health services. Catchment area
descriptions include the following items of information:	(1)
catchment area name; (2) center number designated for
catchment areas containing a federally funded community
mental health center; (3) total population of the catchment
area; (4) names of counties or county equivalents in the
catchment area; (5) county code used by the Bureau of the
Census; and (6) census tracts in the catchment area.
Kindle Charles D, Rosen Beatrice M, Goldsmith Harold F,
Shambaugh J. Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Geographic Descriptions of Community Mental Health Catchment
Areas in Region V:	1973.
56p 1973 Available NTIS HRP-0009237
Geographic descriptions of catchment areas for community
mental health centers, as specified by State plans for
construction of centers effective in January 1973, are
presented for Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio,
and Wisconsin (Region V). The Community Mental Health
Centers Program is organized around a catchment area concept
to facilitate responsiveness of the centers to local
communities. The geographic descriptions of catchment areas
are one product of the Mental Health Demographic Profile
System, which provides social, economic, and vital statistics
36necessary for developing estimates of nrental health and
related needs of catchment area populations. Such data can
be used in service planning, organization, and evaluation.
The catchment area descriptions include the following items
of information:	(1) catchment area name; (2) center number
designated for catchment areas which contain a federally
funded community mental health center; (3) total population
of the catchment area; (4) names of counties or county
equivalents in the catchment area; (5) county code used by
the Bureau of the Census; and (6) census tracts in the
catchment area, plus identification numbers of the minor
civil divisions in Ohio.
Windle Charles D, Rosen Beatrice M, Goldsmith Harold F,
Shambaugh J. Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Geographical Descriptions of Community Mental Health
Catchment Areas in Region VIII:	1973.
21p 1973 Available NTIS HRP-0009240
Geographic data are presented for community mental health
catchment areas in Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South
Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming (Region VIII) The catchment area
descriptions are as specified by the States in their plans
for construction of community mental health centers
effective in January 1973. The Community Mental Health
Centers Program is organized around the catchment area
concept to facilitate responsiveness of the centers to local
populations. The Mental Health Demographic Profile System,
of which the geographic descriptions are a product, provides
social, economic, and vital statistics necessary for
developing estimates of the mental health and mental health
needs of catchment area populations. Such data are useful in
planning, organizing, and evaluating community mental health
services. The catchment area descriptions include the
following items of information:	(1) catchment area name; (2)
center number designated for catchment areas containing a
federally funded community mental health center; (3) total
population of the catchment area; (4) names of counties or
county equivalents in the catchment area; (5) county code
used by the Bureau of the Census; and (6) census tracts in
the catchment area.
Windle Charles D, Rosen Beatrice M, Goldsmith Harold F,
Shambaugh J. Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Geographical Descriptions of Community Mental Health
Catchment Areas in Region I:	1973.
35p 1973 Available NTIS HRP-0009233
Geographic descriptions are presented of catchment areas for
community mental health centers in Region I (Connecticut,
37Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and
Vermont). The descriptions reflect the States' plans for
construction of community mental health centers effective in
January 1973. The Mental Health Demographic Profile System,
of which the geographical descriptions are a product,
provides social, economic, and vital statistics necessary for
developing estimates of the mental health and related needs
of the population in various catchment areas. The Community
Mental Health Centers Program has been organized around a
catchment area concept to facilitate responsiveness of
centers to local communities. The description of catchment
areas includes:	(1) catchment area name provided by the
State; (2) the center number designated by the National
Institute of Mental Health for catchment areas which contain
a federally funded community mental health center; (3) the
total population of the catchment area; (4) names of the
counties or county equivalents in the catchment area; (5) the
county code used by the Bureau of the Census; and (6) the
census tracts in the catchment area, including identification
of minor civil divisions.
Windle Charles D, Rosen Beatrice M, Goldsmith Harold F,
Shambaugh J. Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Geographical Descriptions of Community Mental Health
Catchment Areas in Region II:	1973.
33p 1973 Available NTIS HRP-0009234
Geographic descriptions are provided of catchment areas for
community mental health centers in New Jersey and New York
(Region II). The descriptions reflect the specifications of
State plans for construction of community mental health
centers effective in January 1973. The Community Mental
Health Centers Program has been organized around the
catchment area concept to facilitate responsiveness of the
centers to local communities. The geographic descriptions of
catchment areas are one product of the Mental Health
Demographic Profile System, developed to provide social,
economic, and vital statistics necessary for developing
estimates of mental health and related needs of the
population of any catchment area. Such data can be used in
planning what services are needed in given areas, in
organizing these services, and in evaluating how successfully
facilities make services accessible, equitable, and
responsive to community needs. The catchment area geographic
descriptions include the following items of information:	(1)
the catchment area name; (2) the center number designated b7
the National Institute for Mental Health for catchment areas
containing a federally funded community mental health center;
(3) the total population of the catchment area; (4) the names
of the counties or county equivalents in the catchment area;
(5) the county code used by the Bureau of the Census; and (6)
the census tracts in the catchment areas, including
identification numbers of minor civil divisions in New York.
383. COSTS AND HEALTH INSURANCEClasguin Lorraine A
Band Corp., Santa Monica, Calif.
Mental Health, Dental Services, and Other Coverage in the
Health Insurance Study.
36p Nov 73 Available from the Band Corp., 1700 Main St.,
Santa Monica, Calif. 90406, $3.00.
The benefit structures of dental and mental health insurance
plans are described in relation to criteria for including
these benefits in the Health Insurance Study's (HIS)
experimental plan. The HIS plan is designed to provide
families with health insurance plans of varying deductible
and coinsurance rates to determine the effects of alternative
types of insurance provisions on medical services. The
criteria for inclusion in the Plan are the cost and extent of
transitory demand for a specific benefit and the likelihood
of its inclusion in a national health insurance plan. Data
from a Chemung County, New York, study of Medicaid recipients
and a study of a Teamster comprehensive care program in
Bronx, New York, demonstrate a relationship between age and
cost of dental services. Since HIS would exclude persons
over 65, the cost of covering dental services in the HIS plan
would be lower than the cost of the Medicaid program which
serves all ages. Kaiser - Permanente studies on the
utilization of mental health services indicate a direct
correlation between the demand for general medical services
and the demand for mental health services. Such a
relationship would have a substantial effect on overall cost
and demand estimates for HIS benefits. A method for gauging
transitory demand for mental health services has not been
developed. Problems relating to the coverage of other
medical services are discussed in the context of inclusion in
a national plan.
Hall Charles P
Temple Univ., Philadelphia, Pa. Dept, of Health
Administration.
Financing Mental Health Services through Insurance.
lOp 1974 Pub. in American Jnl. of Psychiatry v131 n10
p1979-1788 Oct 74.
The historical development of health insurance in the United
States is traced, and the insurability of mental health
benefits is examined. Seasons for the exclusion of mental
illness from private insurance plans are noted. A review of
private insurance experience with the insurability of mental
illness is presented. The first major breakthrough in
outpatient coverage of mental health services resulted from
consumer pressure by the United Auto Workers Union in 1965.
In 1967, the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program
revised its mental illness benefits under its high option to
cover psychiatric services on essentially the same basis as
for any other diagnosis. In 1968, other plans followed the
same pattern as the Federal Government. These insurance
plans included Blue Cross, Blue Shield, and Aetna.
41Utilization and cost aspects of providing insurance coverage
for mental health services are discussed. Consideration is
given to ambulatory mental health benefits, and the lack of
treatment guidelines is noted. Experience under Medicare and
Medicaid with mental illness insurance coverage is reported.
National Health Insurance proposals submitted to the 92nd
Congress are examined, and issues requiring research and
resolution in the financing of mental health services through
insurance are addressed.
Myers Evelyn S
American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C. Dept, for
Psychiatric Care Insurance Coverage.
Comments on Papers, 'Cost-Financed Mental Health Facility.'
3p 1975 Pub. in Jnl. of Nervous and Mental Disease v160 n4
p255-257	1975.
The advantages of a cost-financed mental health facility are
examined in a commentary on a series of papers discussing the
Johns Hopkins Hospital Labor Union Clinic in Baltimore
Maryland. Six advantages of cost-financed mental health
facilities are cited:	(1) they have the potential to bring
about a more even distribution in the use of psychiatric
services across socioeconomic levels; (2) insurance of any
type will lighten a patient's financial burden to some
extent, but the insured person does not have to worry about
such deterrents as deductibles and coinsurance in a
cost-financed system; (3) with the need to make the best
possible use of limited resources, there is a special
incentive to achieve a therapeutic alliance quickly and to
choose from a variety of treatment modalities the one best
42suited to a patient's illness; (4) because of its capacity to
design treatment programs to meet patient needs, the Labor
Onion Clinic was able to provide chronic care programs at
less cost; (5) hospitalization was avoided in most cases in
the Labor Onion Clinic program; and (6) the utilization of
mental illness benefits nearly doubled after the union waged
a vigorous campaign to educate its members. Issues related
to any cost-financed program that might qualify as a provider
under national health insurance are discussed.
Myers Evelyn S, Scheidemandel Patricia L, Heed Louis S
American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.
Health Insurance and Psychiatric Care:	Otilization and Cost.
423p 1972 Available from Publications and Sales Department,
American Psychiatric Association, 1700 18th Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20009.
Data on the utilization and cost of care for mental
conditions under health insurance are presented and discussed
in an effort to assist purchasers of insurance, insurance
organizations, the general public, the psychiatric
profession, and other interested parties in determining what
benefits for mental conditions should be provided under
health insurance. Otilization data were obtained on more
than 40 private health insurance plans or organizations as
well as on Medicare, other public programs in the United
States, and Canadian programs of hospital and medical service
insurance. At the end of 1969, over 63 percent of the
civilian population of the United States had some private
health insurance coverage of hospital care for mental
conditions, and more than 38 percent had some coverage of
outpatient psychiatric care. Medicare, which covers almost
all of the aged population, provides coverage for inpatient
and outpatient care of mental conditions. Although most
insurance programs cover mental illness, the coverage often
is more limited than that provided for other conditions,
particularly in regard to ambulatory care. Available data
indicate that hospital care for mental conditions in all
types of hospitals for up to 365 days per admission can be
provided for a representative working population for about
$4.5’) per covered person (at 1969 hospital cost levels).
Physicians' inhospital service for these patients, again at
1969 fee levels, would cost about 60 to 70 cents per covered
person. Major medical coverage of outpatient psychiatric
care at 1969 fee levels, at 80 percent of charges after a
deductible of $100, would cost about $2.15 per covered
person. Limited first - dollar coverage of outpatient
psychiatric care, as under the United Auto Workers and Group
Health Insurance (New York City) programs, had benefit costs
in 1970 ranging from $1.80 to $2.40 per covered person.
Under several group practice plans providing different
degrees of coverage for outpatient psychiatric care, the
number of visits to the psychiatric department generally was
about three to four percent of the total visits to physicians
for all conditions. Conclusions regarding the feasibility of
43insurance coverage for psychiatric services are offered.
Supporting data are included.
Reed Louis S
American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.
Coverage and Utilization of Care for Mental Conditions Under
Health Insurance - Various Studies, 1973 - 1974.
88p 1975 Available from Publications and Sales Department,
American Psychiatric Association, 1700 18th Street N.W.,
Washington, DC 20009.
Six studies concerned with health insurance coverage of
mental illness are presented in an American Psychiatric
Association publication intended for psychiatrists, other
physicians and mental health care professionals, the general
public, insurance organizations, and governmental officers.
The first study examines the utilization of care for mental
disorders under the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Plan for
Federal employees. Included are data on overall utilization
experience for 1974; trends in utilization from 1966 through
1974; utilization by age, sex, and region for 1973; duration
of hospital stay; and distribution of persons with
physicians' charges for office care of mental conditions by
amount of charges. The second study compares the benefits
for general and mental conditions under employee health
benefit plans in 1974. Of 148 employee plans examined, 68
percent (as of August 1974) provided the same hospital
benefits for mental conditions as for other conditions, while
32 percent had reduced benefits for mental conditions. Cf
the plans studied, 41 percent provided the same outpatient
care benefits for mental and other conditions, while 45
percent had reduced outpatient benefits for mental
conditions. The third study examines national, State, and
local data on Blue Cross hospital benefits for mental illness
as of November 1974. The findings of a survey of Blue Cross
and Blue Shield plans in regard to coverage and utilization
of care for mental conditions in 1974 are presented in the
fourth study. The fifth study analyzes the coverage of
mental conditions under the health benefit plans of the
United Steelworkers of America, the United Autoworkers,
Teamsters, Electrical Workers, Meat Cutters, and Rubber
Workers unions. Utilization of care for mental conditions
under Canadian governmental hospital and medical insurance
programs is the subject of the final study. Fifty-two tables
are included.
Sloan Frank A
New York City Health Services Administration.
Planning Public Expenditures on Mental Health Service
Delivery.
129p Feb 71 Available from the Rand Corp., 1700 Main St.,
Santa Monica, Calif. 90406, $7.00.
Several aspects of the delivery of mental health services are
44examined, with emphasis on data obtained from surveys of two
community mental health centers. Among the themes emerging
from the study are:	delivery of mental health services may
be improved by refining existing market mechanisms;
meaningful benefit-cost analysis is a distant prospect, as
necessary data are not yet available; an efficiency
evaluation of ways to increase the quantity of services
provided for a given cost is possible and could prove useful
to planners. Among major survey findings are:	(1) input
substitution is widely practiced, with persons of widely
differing educational backgrounds performing the same
functions; (2) scale economies in producing mental health
services are unlikely, there being evidence that
•diseconomies' of scale exist; (3) inefficiencies related to
staff morale and staff incentives, organizational factors,
and record keeping systems create substantially greater
costs; (4) significant changes in personnel - patient ratios
are needed to effect discernible changes in direct patient
care; and (5) average per - patient costs in some community
mental health clinics are higher than in private psychiatric
practice. Supporting data, information on methods of
analysis, and a bibliography are included.
Spiro Herzl R, Siassi Iradj, Crocetti Guido M
Rutgers Medical School, Piscataway, N.J. Dept, of Psychiatry.
Fee-for-Service Insurance Versus Cost Financing. Impact on
Mental Health Care Systems.
5p 1975 Pub. in American Jnl. of Public Health and the
Nation's Health v65 n2 p139-143	1975.
Two systems of financing health care — a cost-financed
mental health group practice and fee-for-service insurance —
are compared. The study population consisted of
approximately 24,000 members of the United Auto Workers and
their families in Baltimore, Maryland. The workers were
subscribers under one of two options in the union's mental
health insurance plan. Under the cost-financing option,
subscribers received care from an accredited group facility
that was financed quarterly by a third-party carrier. Under
the second option, the subscriber's expenses in obtaining
mental health services on the open market were covered.
Insurance, clinical, and administrative records for 1967
through 1970 were examined based on 18 potential impact
tendencies clustered under four sets of evaluative criteria:
(1) availability, accessibility, continuity, and
accountability of the care system; (2) preventive patterns;
(3) service patterns; and (4) linkages with the general
health care system, the neighborhood and community, the place
of work, the educational system, and the general human
services system. Over the 4-year period studied, 580
different subscribers utilized the mental health benefits.
Of these 228 presented themselves initially to the
cost-financed facility and 352 sought help elsewhere. The
findings show that fee-for-service mental health insurance
does not require deductibles or <*oinsurance to be practical.
45In the study population, utilization rates did not exceed 1.3
percent per year and costs remained below 50 cents per month
per enrollee under the fee-for-service option. Such findings
are said to dispute the need for excluding full mental health
coverage from fee-for-service insurance. While
indemnification insurance creates a demand for services
without increasing their supply, cost-financing as
demonstrated in the study can produce programs of primary,
secondary, and tertiary prevention, as well as
outpatient-centered, multidisciplinary service approaches.
Cost per treated patient is substantially lower in the
cost-financed facility than in fee-for-service programs
because of the much lower hospitalization rate in the former.
The cost-financed program was found to be difficult to link
to schools, neighborhoods, and the general human service
system.
Strang Arthur I. Ill
Griffenhagen-Kroeger, Inc., San Francisco, Calif.
Mental Health Financing in the State of Washington,
44p Aug 76 Available NTIS PE-268 923/0
The report is the first in a series intended to itemize
revenues and expenditures in the fields of mental health,
developmental disabilities, adult corrections, juvenile
rehabilitation and public health. The final report will
consolidate this information for all five fields. Mental
Health Financing was prepared when assessing the entire
mental health service delivery and financing structure. The
findings were applied immediately and they proved extremely
valuable. A broader reason for this and the other studies
was to provide data to help rethink the funding and service
structure of related human service programs—programs that
have both vertical and horizontal dimensions. Revenue
sources include federal, state, and local levels as well as
some private financing. Expenditures were primarily examined
at state and local levels. This is the vertical dimension.
Horizontal relationships are those that cross lines from one
field to another. (NTIS)
»
46DATA INFORMATION AND EVALUATIONCentral Naugatuck Valley Health and Mental Health Planning
Council, Inc., Waterbury, Conn.
Household Interview Survey, 1975:	Central Naugatuck Valley
Region.
74p Oct 75 Available NTIS HRP-0009435
A household interview survey was undertaken in 1975 by the
Central Naugatuck Valley Health and Mental Health Planning
Council in Waterbury, Connecticut to evaluate health and
mental health services in the region. A questionnaire was
designed to answer specific questions concerning consumer
experience with health and mental health services. A total
of 815 households provided usable responses to the survey.
Of that number, 387 or about 47 percent resided in the city
of Naterbury. Respondents were asked to provide information
about their age, sex, race, income, and family health needs.
Attitudes toward the following issues were also surveyed:
availability of low-cost regular examinations for senior
citizens, air quality, drinking water quality, health
education in schools, health care in schools, quality of
school services related to mental health, quality of services
for mentally ill, quality of health care in general, and
level of ambulance personnel training. Respondents were
additionally asked questions pertaining to hospital
utilization, health or mental health services needed but not
received, insurance coverage, use of family physicians,
familiarity with services, and priorities for services.
Survey results are presented in tabular form, and a
description of the survey instrument is provided in an
appendix.
Cobb Charles W
Connecticut State Dept, of Mental Health, Hartford. Div. of
Community Services.
Management Information System for Mental Health Planning and
Program Evaluation. A Developing Model.
8p 1971 Pub. in Community Mental Health Jnl. v7 n4 p280-287
1971.
A management information system being developed by the
Connecticut State Department of Mental Health's Division of
Community Services is intended to assist in mental health
planning and program evaluation. Mental health services
included in the system consist of approximately 200
identifiable programs offered by over 100 administratively
separate agencies in Connecticut. The primary goal of the
system is to produce information that will contribute to
management decisions about the efficient and effective
allocation of available resources. Information components of
the system are as follows:	(1) characteristics of
populations in need or at risk of needing mental health
services:	(2) characteristics of populations actually
receiving services; (3) available types of service, including
major (inpatient and outpatient) and minor (individual and
49group therapy) services; (4) measures of the effectiveness of
different programs; and (5) measures of the cost of different
programs. The interrelationship of these components is
described and illustrated. Figures are included.
Comprehensive Health Planning Association of Santa Clara
County, San Jose, Calif.
Data Requirements for Mental Health Needs Assessment and
Planning.
143p Jun 76 Available NTIS HRP-0011897
Data requirements developed to assist the Comprehensive
Health Planning Association of Santa Clara, California, in
planning for mental health needs are outlined. It is noted
that past mental health planning efforts in Santa Clara
County have been severely hampered by a lack of guality data.
Certain data requirements which are the responsibility of
health systems agencies (HSAs) and which are delineated in
The National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974
(P.L. 93-641) are discussed. Data for mental health planning
in Santa Clara County are listed under headings that are
similar to those in P.L. 93-641:	(1) data concerning the
health status of residents in Santa Clara County; (2) data
concerning the utilization of county mental health resources;
(3) data on the effectiveness of county resources on the
mental health in Santa Clara County; and (4) data on the cost
of mental health services. The data requirements of the
State of California and professional standards review
organizations (PSROs) are considered. A bibliography is
provided. Appendices contain additional information on
instruments for determining need, on data required by the
State of California and PSROs, on a system for establishing
priorities in mental health planning and resource allocation,
examples of data and its uses, and on methods for utilizing
data when inferring need.
Coordinating Council on Health Planning Data, Syracuse, N.Y.
Planning and Review of Mental Health Services Methods and
Data Sources.
87p 1976 Available NTIS HRP-0014330
The proceedings of a conference of health planners in DHEW
Region II held to examine the implications of P.L. 93-641 for
mental health services are recorded. The conference was the
seventh in a series devoted to consideration of planning
methods, data collection and analysis, and conceptual
problems in the planning and review process mandated by P.L.
93-641. The report includes an outline of the conclusions
and recommendations of the conference and a summary of
presentations and discussions. The following topics are
covered:	(1) Health Systems Agency (HSA) review
responsibilities for mental health and retardation.
50alcoholism, and drug abuse services (programs, projects, and
services to be reviewed; criteria to be used; the
compatibility of Federal and State criteria; problems likely
to be encountered by HSAs in assuming review
responsibilities); (2) HSA plan development responsibilities
(plan development requirements for mental health under P.L.
93-641, availability of classification schemes for describing
the mental health system, need determination methodologies
and their data requirements, standards and guidelines for
plan development);	(3) the changing emphasis on institutional
care; and (4) data sources for plan development and review
(availability of data from Federal, State, and local sources;
the need for HSAs to engage in or support local primary data
collection efforts; data needs for plan development; State
and local data sources in Region II). Lists of conference
participants and materials are included.
East Tennessee Health Planning Council, Inc., Knoxville.
Correlation of Rural Health Priorities with Urban Health
Priorities in the Planning Process of the East Tennessee
Health Planning Council, Inc. July 1, 1974 - April 30, 1975.
54p 1975 Available NTIS HRP-0003122
The purpose of this study is to determine to what degree
urban and rural health priorities are encompassed in the
health planning process of the author council. To do this,
three topic areas are addressed:	(1) establishment of urban
and rural health priorities in terms of long-term facilities,
emergency medical facilities, community-controlled
facilities, need for physicians and dentists, and mental
health; (2) the direction of the planning process; and (3)
adjustments needed to direct planning to the goals. The
results show a need for improvement of the planning process.
Recommendations include greater flexibility toward both rural
and urban priorities. Establishment of a system of rural
input and participation in the process are also suggested.
Follow-ups of programs are also found lacking. The
recommendations are presented as action-oriented measures
that will facilitate solutions to the health problems of the
East Tennessee area. Appendices provide lists of consultants
and experts employed in the study, outlines of the study
design, and a summary of the health planning process employed
by the Health Planning Council.
Fottrell Eamonn, Peermohamed Rafic, Kothari Rajnikant
Tooting Bee Hospital, London (England).
Identification and Definition of Long-Stay Mental Hospital
Population.
3p 1975 Pub. in British Medical Jnl. v4 n5998 p675-677	1975.
A study undertaken to identify and assess patients who had
presented special problems in rehabilitation and discharge at
51a large mental hospital in England is reported. During the
period of study, a total of 1,292 inpatients were being
treated, most with psychotropic drugs and electric shock
therapy, at Tooting Bee Hospital in London. A review of
hospital records revealed a group of 422 patients who had
been in the hospital for 8 to 23 years. These •problem*
patients represented 40 percent of all long-stay patients in
the facility. The total number of years spent in the
hospital by the problem group was nearly twice that spent by
the other patients. Most of the problem patients received no
visits, were unoccupied and single, and were suffering from
schizophrenia or organic psychosis. Half of the problem
patients were in good or fairly good mental health, and
three-guarters were in good or fairly good physical health.
The findings are said to suggest that most, if not all,
mental hospitals have a problem group of long-stay patients
who reflect admission policies and such factors as
availability of facilities for treatment, rehabilitation, and
aftercare. It is pointed out that the greatest obstacle to
England's plan to close down its large mental hospitals and
to provide treatment in psychiatric units of general
hospitals is the existence of problem groups of long-stay
patients that remain relatively stable in numbers over the
years. Supporting data are included.
Goldsmith Harold ?, Unger Elizabeth L, Bosen Beatrice M,
Windle Charles D, Shambaugh J. Philip
National Inst, of Mental Health, Eockville, Md.
Typological Approach to Doing Social Area Analysis.
78p 1975 Available NTIS HRP-0307;J87
A manual is presented to assist mental health and health
planners at State and local levels to use the Mental Health
Demographic Profile System (MHDPS) in the analysis of the
residential areas for which they are responsible for
providing services. The MHDPS was developed as a small-area
data profile system by the National Institute of Mental
Health to facilitate community planning. The 130 demographic
data items *(social indicators) and the age-sex pyramids from
the 1973 Population Census were selected to delineate
meaningful social areas (residential areas with common social
rank, life style, ethnicity, and other related
characteristics), and subsequently to make inferences about
the health and related needs of the resident populations of
those areas. The system contains indicators of the major
components of the social rank dimension — economic status,
social status, and educational status. Components of the
life style dimension are also indexed using indicators of
family status, family life cycle state, residential life
style, and familism. Also provided are indicators of
ethnicity, community stability, area homogeneity, and
populations with high risk of social problems. The manual
includes self-teaching materials showing how to use the
indicators to perform a social area analysis, applying mainly
52to homogeneous areas; a guide to complex social area analysis
and two social area profiles used as illustrations. Portions
of this document are not fully legible.
Goldsmith Harold F, Unger Elizabeth L
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Social Area Analysis:	Procedures and Illustrative
Applications Based Upon the Mental Health Demographic Profile
System.
2hp 1972 Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402, $1.60.
Standardized procedures useful in construction of social
areas from Mental Health Small-Area Demographic Profile
System (MHDPS) data are presented; these procedures are
applicable to a wide range of disparate residential areas.
Poor Caucasian and Negro census tracts of Baltimore,
Maryland, are used to exemplify the procedures. Census
measures which serve as indicators of the various social area
and related dimensions are presented as follows:	ethnicity,
social rank / economic class; social rank / social class and
information status; family status; area family life cycle
(classification by family life cycle utilizing data stored on
disks and age-sex population pyramids); and residential life
style (type and condition of housing). The social area
classification procedures involving the above indicators can
be used outside of nonintegrated / husband-wife family areas,
i.e., they have general applicability to different types of
populations. The items selected for use are from the second
and fourth count summary tapes. The system allows
identification not only of types of poor populations but also
of other subpopulations, e.g., aged, female heads of
households with children, and populations living in
overcrowded quarters, that may run a high risk of health and
health-related problems. Identification of distinctive
residential subareas is seen as a first step in dealing
preventively with social problems. With access to the
programs that provide the National Institute of Mental Health
small area profiles, it is possible to obtain relevant census
data rapidly, at a low cost, and in a useful format for
effective planning. A bibliography and supporting tabular
data are included.
Goldsmith Harold F, Unger Elizabeth I
Area Economic Status, Area Social Status, and Area Family
Life Cycle in Suburban Communities.
Pub. in Journal of Community Psychology v3 n3 p231-238 1975.
53Hedlund James I, Morgan Donald W, Bevilacqua Joseph J,
Kleinman Harvey F, Alleman Jeanne F
Walter Reed General Hospital Washington D C
Computer Support in Military Psychiatry (CCMPSY)
140p Jan 71 Available NTIS AD-726 020
COMPSY is a clinically-oriented computer applications
research project which is developing and testing concepts for
an integrated. Army-wide psychiatric information system.
This system will objectify, systematize, and make immediately
available data concerning psychiatric patients from their
identification in the field, through their hospital course
and treatment, to their reintegration within the military
community. Because of major administrative delays in the
procurement of necessary telecommunications equipment,
however, COMPSY's plan to link hospital and geographically
distant field psychiatric facilities together with on-line,
remote computer terminals has been impossible to implement on
schedule. C0MPSY*s principal efforts over the past eighteen
months have been devoted to developing, testing and doing
'back-up research* on a number of specific clinical computer
applications which do not reguire the use of remote computer
terminals, such as automated nursing notes, psychological
testing, mental status examination and social history, and an
automated off-line WRGH psychiatry inpatient record that will
eventually become part of CCMPSY's on-line, integrated mental
health information system. Detailed systems analyses of ten
Army mental health centers have also been completed. (Author)
Hennes James D, Wharton Thomas W
Missouri Univ., Columbia. Dept, of Community Health and
Medical Practice.
Consumer Criteria for Measures of Health.
39p 15 Jun 70 Available NTIS HRP-0018297
A survey of 125 northwestern Missouri households undertaken
in 1968-1969 to discover the indicators used by respondents
to evaluate their health is reported. Respondents were asked
what kinds of things they thought about to decide whether
they were in good or bad health, what would have to change
before they could say they were in excellent health, what
things they observed about their spouses that were signs of a
good or bad day, and how they felt about certain ideas
generally thought to be related to health. Analysis of the
responses reveals frequent expressions of poorly defined,
internal, subjective self-assessment (e.g., 'that's the way I
feel'). Respondents commonly expressed the idea that,
despite problems, they were healthy. Denials that a specific
condition or particular functional limitation was affecting
the level of health were frequent. The problem of standards
and norms entered into the respondents' answers. Respondents
clearly felt that the concept of good health was a function
of age. Many were able to distinguish between conditions
that were temporary and correctable without intervention and
54conditions that needed attention. Measures of sight, sleep,
movement, hearing, and elimination were readily accepted as
indicators of health, whereas measures of speaking, eating,
and reproduction were not. The implications of these and
other findings are discussed. Problems in analyzing the
responses to the open-ended questions are brought out. A
copy of the interview guide and breakdowns of responses are
provided.
Kramer Morton
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md. Civ. of
Biometry.
Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Mental Health Planning.
63p 1967 Pub. in Psychiatric Research Report v22 p1-63 Apr
67.
The use of epidemiology and biostatistics in comprehensive
planning for mental health services is discussed.
Illustrations are provided of the ways in which data from
mental hospitals and other psychiatric facilities, from the
Census, and from psychiatric case registers and controlled
studies can be used to plan and evaluate community programs.
Areas of needed research are highlighted:	measurement of the
need for psychiatric services, the role of the general
practitioner in the care of the mentally ill, fertility and
mortality of the mentally ill, and causes of mental
disorders. The necessity for research groups located in
communities to study the power structure and demography of
the community, the rate at which specific types of mental
disorders are occurring and why, the types of services
required, and the proportion of persons with disorders who
are being treated and rehabilitated is stressed. The uses of
available data to guide planning include reduction of state
mental hospital populations, coordination of psychiatric
services, and maintenance of patients in the community. The
uses of the life table and of life table methods are
described. Designs to evaluate mental health programs —
before and after comparisons, clinical trial experiments, and
cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of matched samples
— are described. The Social Security Act of 1965 as it
relates to community mental health is discussed. A five-page
bibliography is included.
Kramer Morton
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md. Office of
Program Planning and Evaluation.
Issues in the Development of Statistical and Epidemiological
Data for Mental Health Services Research-
86p 1974 Available NTIS HRP-0073936
The role of statistics and epidemiology in mental health
services research is discussed by the acting director of the
55Biometry Division of the National Institute of Mental Health.
The application of planning processes to mental health
services through a program of mental health services research
is outlined. The uses of epidemiologic data on mental
disorders and statistics on the patterns of use of mental
health services in conducting this research i.e., historical
studies of patterns of use of psychiatric facilities,
determination of extent to which services are meeting needs,
estimates of numbers of mental health personnel, and
determination of relationship of household composition to
patterns of use of community mental health services are
described. The importance of establishing well staffed
research units with stable funding is emphasized. A series
of problems are identified, the solutions to which would help
close the gaps between existing and needed information.
Among the areas of need identified are:	determination of the
prevalence and incidence of mental disorders; determination
of extent of need for psychiatric services; factors affecting
patients' use of facilities; automated mental health
information systems for psychiatric facilities; information
on mental health services delivered by mental health
professionals in private practice and by family physicians,
internists, and other medical specialists; establishment of
classifications for producing uniform data for planning and
evaluation; cost effectiveness research; development of
social indicators; and other areas. A bibliography and
supporting tabular data are included.
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Census Data (1970) Used to Indicate Areas With Different
Potentials for Mental Health and Related Problems.
35p 1971 Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, $.70.
The utilization of 1970 Census data to provide meaningful
information about mental health area populations is discussed
and illustrated. Demographic and ecological dimensions are
presented that are useful in differentiating among
residential subareas of American cities and that can be
measured using available Census data. Particular emphasis
has been placed on identifying areas with high risk
populations, i.e., populations whose characteristics have
been shown to be associated with high rates of mental illness
and / or high incidence of social disorganization or
disruption. A major emphasis of the report concerns social
area analysis, the dimensions of which served as a primary
baseline for selection of many of the 197) Census items or
variables. These social area analysis dimensions include
social rank; life style; ethnic status; relevant area
characteristics such as residential instability, feminine
careerism, and area homogeneity; and specific indicators of
high risk populations, including data on school dropouts,
working mothers, aged persons living alone, disabled
populations, and specific poverty groups. Four tables list
56available Census data indicators relative to each social area
dimension identified. Application of these Census variables
in health planning is illustrated through presentation of
statistics for Dane County, Wisconsin. A bibliography is
included.
Pharis David B
The Use of Needs Assessment Techniques in Mental Health
Planning.
Pub. in Community Mental Health Review v1 n4 pi,5-11 1976.
Ray T. S, Despard J. F
Florida Consortium for the Study of Community Mental Health
Evaluation Techniques.
Mental Health Program Evaluation Conference, Held at Host
Airport Hotel, Tampa, Florida, on May 29-31, 1974.
483p May 74 Available NTIS PB-250 738/2
The Consortium was formally organized in 1973 as a
collaborating group in order to undertake a study of the
modification and implementation of Community Mental Health
evaluation techniques in the local service setting. The
basic goals of the Consortium were to discover ways to meet
the need for evaluation information in: (1) requirements of
national, state, and local funding agencies (2) modification
of established CMH programs and developments of new programs
to serve changing needs for mental health care and (3) long
range planning for the delivery of therapeutic and preventive
programs. The framework involved three levels of evalution
(1) assessment and modification of existing mental health
evaluation techniques in the service setting (2) evaluation
of CMH programs through implementation of techniques and (3)
evaluation of the Consortium itself as a means for developing
useful, practical and reliable evaluation methods on the
service level and communicating the results of the study to
other mental health agencies. (NTIS)
Rosen Beatrice M, Lawrence Linda, Goldsmith Harold F, Windle
Charles D, Shambaugh J Philip
Mental Health Demographic Profile System Description:
Purpose, Contents and Sampler of Uses. 1975.	66p.
Available from National Institute of Mental Health, 5600
Fishers Lane, Rockville, Md. 23857.
57South Central Connecticut Regional Mental Health Planning
Council, Inc., New Haven.
Report of Task Force on Assessing Mental Health Needs in the
South Central Region.
4 Ip 29 Jan 71 Available NTIS HRP-0012048
Major needs for mental health services within the south
central region of Connecticut are highlighted, as expressed
by community representatives (professionals and consumers).
Mental health resources in the region are described. These
include inpatient care facilities, outpatient care
facilities, emergency care facilities, precare and aftercare
services, rehabilitation services, partial hospitalization
facilities, consultation and education services, and training
services. Gaps in mental health services are identified for
the region, based upon the long term goal of developing
comprehensive mental health services that are readily
accessible and available to every resident in the region.
The following priorities for the south central region of
Connecticut are identified:	(1) need for detoxification and
rehabilitative service for alcoholic and drug dependent
persons; (2) need to decentralize outpatient psychiatric and
aftercare services into small community based facilities
providing a broad range of services; (3) expand and improve
emergency and inpatient psychiatric services, particularly
for children and adolescents; (4) need for increased
outpatient and day treatment programs for children and
adolescents; (5) greater emphasis is on the development of
preventive medical health programs, with an emphasis on
preventive programs in schools; (6) develop a broad range of
rehabilitative services for psychiatric patients; and (7)
need for a regionwide information center on mental health
services. Appendices contain a bibliography and additional
information and data on the south central region of
Connecticut.
Turner R. Jay, Gardner Elmer A, Higgins Albert C
Temple Univ., Philadelphia, Pa. Dept, of Psychiatry.
Epidemiological Data for Mental Health Center Planning. 1.
Field Survey Methods in Social Psychiatry:	The Problem of
the Lost Population.
12p 1970 Pub. in American Jnl. of Public Health v60 n6
p1040-1051 Jan 70.
The problem of lost populations in epidemiological studies is
addressed in a comparison of subjects who completed 4-year
followup interviews in a study of schizophrenic males with
subjects who represented the study»s lost population. Of 338
cases drawn from the psychiatric case registry of a New York
county, 214 completed followup interviews, 10 died, and 114
either moved, could not be located, or refused to be
interviewed. Comparison of the lost population to the
interviewed population reveals no differences in age or
education. Although no statistically significant difference
58was shown in occupational prestige level, the unskilled were
somewhat overrepresented in the lost population. Persons in
the interviewed sample had been more consistently diagnosed
as schizophrenic on contact with multiple agencies and tended
to live in their family orientation. Persons in the lost
group more frequently had been diagnosed as nonschizophrenic,
tended to live alone, with friends or relatives, or in
boarding homes, and were more likely to have been previously
married. Examination of the lost population by reason for
loss suggests that knowledge of reason for loss may be
helpful in estimating the degree and direction of bias in
interviewed samples. Patients who refused to be interviewed
were most similar to persons in the completed sample. The
groups that either had moved or could not be located were
quite similar. The findings indicate the importance of
considering subjects who have moved when evaluating the
effects of sample mortality. Supporting data are included.
World Psychiatric Association, London (England).
Roots of Evaluation. The Epidemiological Basis for Planning
Psychiatric Services.
360p 1973 Available from Oxford Univ. Press, 200 Madison
Ave., New York, NY 10316.
Papers prepared for the second Symposium on Psychiatric
Epidemiology, an international meeting jointly sponsored by
the World Psychiatric Association and the Deutsche
Gesellschaft fuer Psychiatric und Nervenheilkunde, are
presented. The theme of the symposium was the evaluation of
the community psychiatric services. Psychiatrists and
behavioral scientists from Europe, the United States, and
Great Britain participated. The introductory papers discuss
the principles of evaluation and the epidemiological basis
for planning. Subsequent papers address the following
topics:	statistics for planning (international statistics,
the role of a national statistics program in planning
community psychiatric services in the United States,
statistics from general practice, morbidity statistics from
population surveys); evaluating services for children and
adolescents (evaluation of psychiatric services for children
in the United States and in England and Wales, evaluating
services for adolescents, evaluating residential services for
mentally retarded children, alternatives to hospitalization
for residential care of the mentally retarded) ; and
evaluating services for the elderly (principles of serving
psychogeriatric patients, evaluating services in Sussex,
England, and Lausanne, Switzerland, psychiatric morbidity
among physically impaired elderly persons in the community).
Papers concerned with the evaluation of specific community
services describe services for the family, prevention of
suicidal behavior, hospital-centered community psychotherapy
services for schizophrenic patients, trials of preventive
medication, and ability and disability in role functioning in
patient and nonpatient groups.
59Wurster Cecil R
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md. Biometry
Branch.
Statistics in Mental Health Programs. Selected Papers from
Annual Meetings of the National Conference on Mental Health
Statistics.
71p 1970 Available from National Institute of Mental Health,
Div. of Biometry and Epidemiology, 5600 Eishers Lane,
Rockville, Md. 20850.
Twelve papers from the 1967, 1968, and 1969 meetings of the
National Conference on Mental Health Statistics are
presented. A paper on community mental health statistical
programs outlines the tasks of the statistician in developing
a comprehensive mental health program. A discussion of data
systems examines data collection, analysis, and presentation
in mental health program operations, among them surveillance,
recordkeeping, evaluation, development, and basic research.
The New Haven census use study is examined in terms of the
four major avenues of research (tabulations, matching,
mapping and computer graphics, and feasibility surveys). A
report matching patient information to U.S. census records
details the procedure and reviews the 196) census matching
study. A study ofc New York City presents a method for
describing social characteristics to the planners of
community health programs, evaluates the effects of
environment on social behavior, and proposes a method of
analyzing the data. Other papers measure the impact of
mental health programs, describe evaluation and assessment
methods, and investigate methods for measuring change in
psychiatric patients. A program director gives a personal
view of program evaluation, and the role of the statistician
in program planning and evaluation is examined. The final
paper discusses the role of the planner - evaluator in a
State mental health department.
605. DRUG ABUSEComprehensive Health Planning Council of South Florida, Inc.,
Miami.
Drug Abuse Planning and Coordination in Dade County.
25p 1973 Available HTIS HEP-0007544
A joint planning effort of the Florida Drug Abuse Program and
the Comprehensive Health Planning (CHP) Council of South
Florida is discussed. To deal with the problem of drug abuse
in Dade County, Florida, a joint decision was made between
State drug abuse officials and CHP Council officials to
combine the efforts of the two planning and coordinating
bodies, thus using limited resources and preventing
undesirable duplication in planning and coordination. The
structure of the joint planning process is described and also
graphically illustrated. The working relationship between
the two planning bodies is examined, considering the roles
and procedures of task forces, public participation, and
staffing and office space requirements. Activities of the
joint planning effort from October 1971 to April 1973 are
noted and constraints on the planning process are identified.
Some constraints involve the time commitment required to
handle crisis problem-solving, outside political pressures,
and problems related to funding sources. Appendices provide
information on joint planning effort participants, summary of
existing functions of the CHP Council of South Florida,
general operational guidelines for the council's
decision-making groups, and guidelines for drug abuse
programs in Dade County.
Health Planning Council, Inc., Madison, Wis.
Areawide Plan for Drug Abuse Treatment and Prevention.
40p Aug 74 Available HTIS HRP-0004544
Overall objectives, county priorities, and long-range goals
of a drug abuse treatment and prevention program are outlined
in this areawide plan for an 11-county region in southern
Wisconsin. Data is presented on area boundaries, population
growth and distribution and race; and information is given
relating to the labor force, median family income, and major
employers in the area. Problem and resource identification
is discussed with a view to each county developing a program
designed for its specific needs. Recommendations for Dane
County, the most heavily populated of the 11 counties,
include continued support and additional funding for existing
programs, establishment of a 24-hour crisis intervention
center, and suggestions to the Wisconsin State Legislature to
support several measures relating to drug abuse and
treatment. Recommendations for the other ten counties
include; rehabilitation facilities, transition houses,
preventive education programs for parents and children,
improved communications between law enforcement agencies and
the courts, counseling and resocialization programs. The
establishment of a network of volunteer outreach and
intervention counselors is suggested. For the purpose of
1975 planning, three main areas were categorized as:
63treatment, education, and socio / political / legal. A
six-point agenda is given for action to be taken in 1975, and
long range goals noted relating to continued planning and
cooperation within the developing regional network, increased
focus on alcohol abuse, and stronger emphasis on prevention,
plus more study of the social, political and economic issues
connected with drug abuse.
Iowa Drug Abuse Authority, Des Moines.
Iowa Comprehensive State Plan for Drug Abuse Prevention, 1976
- 1977.
187p 1976 Available NTIS HRP-0015824
The extent of the drug abuse problem in Iowa is discussed in
the 1976 - 1977 State plan for drug abuse prevention.
Alcohol is identified as the most frequently abused substance
on a statewide basis. Tranquilizers are the second most
abused drug. A comparison is made between 1974 and 1976 data
on the incidence and prevalence of drug use and abuse in
Iowa, and a profile of treatment program clients is provided.
Accomplishments of drug abuse prevention programs in Iowa are
reviewed in relation to administration, education and public
information, intervention, treatment and rehabilitation,
criminal justice interface, training, planning and
coordination, research and evaluation, and information
systems. Data on expenditures for drug abuse prevention are
tabulated, and the effectiveness of prevention programs is
assessed. Measures for reducing the drug abuse problem in
Iowa are outlined. Information on drug abuse problem
indicators is presented in tabular form. Factors responsible
for the increased use of drugs in Iowa are cited. Additional
information and forms are appended on the drug abuse
prevention plan in Iowa.
Kretchmar Vicki L, Feiss Caroline L
Washington State Office of the Governor, Olympia. Office of
Comprehensive Health Planning.
Problem of Drug Abuse in Washington State:	A Survey of
Community Representatives.
131p Feb 73 Available NTIS HRP-0006993
The State of Washington Comprehensive Health Planning
Advisory Council and the staff of the Office of Comprehensive
Health Planning undertook an exploratory survey of community
representatives in the summer of 1972 to assess the scope and
nature of the drug abuse problem in the State of Washington.
The intent of the survey was not to provide quantitative
statistical data on the status of drug abuse programs;
rather, the survey was intended to provide qualitative input
from a cross-section of citizens who might have more direct
contact with and more specific understanding of the real
nature and scope of the drug problem in Washington than
officials working in State agencies might have. The study
approach was based upon the premise that the reality of the
64drug problem seems to be a subjective reality which can
change from one locale to another, reflecting in large part
value systems. Development of the survey is reviewed, with
emphasis on the use of an open-ended guestionnaire format.
Survey population characteristics are examined, along with
questionnaire responses, regional perspectives, group
perspectives, and limitations of the study. Appendices
provide information on the distribution of respondent groups
by district, map of distribution, and the methodology
employed in guestionnaire content and response analysis.
Survey instruments are included.
Lower Naugatuck Valley Community Council, Inc., Ansonia, Conn.
Valley Drug Committee.
Comprehensive Plan for Action to Combat Drug Abuse in the
Lower Naugatuck Valley.
8p 1971 Available NTIS HEP-0012132
A comprehensive plan to combat drug abuse in the Lower
Naugatuck Valley of Connecticut involves programs in the
areas of education, counseling, rehabilitation, and
enforcement. In the area of education, the following are
suggested:	develop realistic, understandable, and useful
programs for all segments of the population; and develop
content and methodology aimed at specific target groups.
Counseling recommendations include expansion of sources of
counseling and providing counselors with accurate and
complete information on drugs and drug abuse. The following
are suggested for the area of rehabilitation:	increase drug
rehabilitation facilities available to the Valley; collect
and make available information on referral processes,
commitment procedures, and program focus; and provide for
followup at the local level. Suggestions for drug
enforcement include:	increase the supply of trained and
informed enforcement personnel; support effective
legislation; and provide sources of referral other than
courts or jail. Action steps are listed for each of the four
areas of the plan.
Montana State Dept, of Institutions, Helena. Addictive
Diseases Bureau.
Montana State Plan for Drug Abuse Prevention, Fiscal Year
1977.
87p 1976 Available NTIS HEP-0015407
A plan for coordinated statewide efforts to lessen the impact
of drug abuse on the citizens and communities of Montana has
as its core a work program that organizes and details the
goals to be accomplished by the State's Addictive Diseases
Bureau staff during the year. The work program is built
around goals and functions and is designed to permit
evaluation of the effectiveness of the State agency. It is
noted that the 1977 plan covers Montana's third year of
State-level efforts to alleviate drug problems and is geared
65to the development of many capabilities that have been
commonplace in more urbanized States for some time- The plan
includes sections on policy and philosophy (mission
development, issues, definitions of prevention,
confidentiality in reporting, coordination); problem
identification and analysis of indicators (arrests and
offenses, crime data summaries, drug felony characteristics,
short-term and long-term goals); and needs, objectives, and
priorities. Goals, objectives, and needs are summarized
relative to fiscal requirements, planning and coordination,
administration, policy and standards, treatment and
rehabilitation, community services, information systems and
reporting, systems review and reporting, research and
evaluation, community development and training, prevention
and intervention, and criminal justice interface- The
document also includes expenditure projections, a detailed
action plan for fiscal year 1977, and a brief review of the
reorganization of Montana's drug abuse services from the
local perspective.
North Carolina Drug Commission, Baleigh.
North Carolina State Plan for Drug Abuse Prevention Functions.
108p 1976 Available NTIS HEP-0012593
North Carolina's third annual plan for statewide drug abuse
prevention activities is presented. The plan opens with a
statement of the North Carolina Drug Commission's policy on
prevention. Data sources used in identifying drug-related
problems in the State are described. Client data collected
from all government-funded treatment programs, intake data
from the State mental health system, and intake data from
crisis intervention centers are sources of client-oriented
information. Problem indicator data are drawn from:	drug
law violation arrest records; records of drug-related
convictions, paroles, probations, juvenile petitions, and
incarcerations; records on drug-related deaths and cases of
serum hepatitis; and a survey of physicians. Analysis of
these and other data identifies the high-risk population for
drug abuse as white males in their late teens or early
twenties who use opiates or marijuana in combination with
other drugs. Needs, objectives, and priorities are stated
for administration and organization, planning and
coordination, treatment, vocational rehabilitation,
information systems, research and evaluation, drug abuse
education, primary prevention, crisis intervention, training,
and the criminal justice system. Drug abuse prevention
expenditures for the State are projected for July 1976
through June 1977. An action agenda is set forth for each of
the program areas mentioned above. Maps showing the location
of treatment and prevention facilities and statistics on
treatment program capacities are appended.
66North Central New Mexico Comprehensive Health Planning
Council, Santa Fe.
Drug Abuse in North Central New Mexico. Problems and
Suggested Responses. A NorCHaP Position Statement.
22p Mar 75 Available Nils HRP-0004962
The drug abuse problem in the seven-county area served by the
North Central New Mexico Comprehensive Health Planning
Council is examined in a position statement prepared by a
task force comprised of persons who regularly deal with the
problems of drug abuse. The general nature of the drug abuse
problem is discussed, the extent of the problem in the area
and the impact of the problem on the area are considered, and
directions for solution of the problem are suggested relating
to education for prevention, treatment services, and law
enforcement. Low economic status, lack of education, ethnic
discrimination, family disorganization, and rapid rate of
change are discussed as factors contributing to the
•fractured self-image, * a condition conducive to drug abuse.
A lack of good data on drug abuse and use, both nationally
and in New Mexico, is noted. Data indicate that either New
Mexico has far greater marijuana usage than other States, or
more resources are expended in New Mexico on enforcement of
marijuana laws. Suggested education responses to the problem
relate to the timely use of mental health services, better
family life relationships, de-education from the chemical
answer philosophy, education for providers in offering
support and alternatives to those prone to drug abuse, and
education concerning the cause and effect relation of drug
abuse. Particular service needs for those with general
mental health or drug abuse problems are outlined. Suggested
law-enforcement responses include less attention to marijuana
violations and more to hard drugs, better distinction between
traffickers and users, cooperation with treatment programs,
and establishment of official public policies and
accountability. Portions of this document are not fully
legible.
Ohio Dept, of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, Columbus.
Bureau of Drug Abuse.
State of Ohio Annual Performance Report on Drug Abuse
Prevention, March 1974 - April 1975 and Drug Abuse Prevention
Plan, 1976.
185p 1975 Available NTIS HBP-9)14211
The impact of Ohio’s first comprehensive plan for managing
and coordinating drug abuse prevention activities and for
eliminating gaps in services is examined after the first full
year of plan implementation. Accompanying the report is an
action plan for fiscal year 1976. The report opens with an
overview of the State drug abuse problem and the prevention
program. Organizational and functional responsibilities for
drug abuse prevention activities are described, as is the
coordination of program plans. The community project review
process is outlined, followed by a description of the nature
67and extent of the drug abuse problem in Ohio. Program
response to the problem is described in the areas of
treatment and rehabilitation, education and prevention,
training and manpower development, and research. Usefulness
of the action plan is assessed, and suggestions for improving
the plan are offered. Program emphasis on financing,
involvement of women and minority groups, rural area
programming, services to abusers withip the criminal justice
system, community mental health center services for drug
abusers, the relationship between the State drug abuse and
alcohol abuse programs, and State - regional activities is
discussed. A summary of accomplishments and constraints for
the program is included. Accompanying the 1976 action plan
are statistics on drug abuse incidence and prevalence in
Ohio, a discussion of second year planning factors,
statistics on resources and financial support for the
program, and sections on licensing and accreditation,
external organization, single State agency organization, and
changes in resource requirements.
Oklahoma State Dept, of Mental Health, Oklahoma City.
Annual Performance Report - Drug Abuse Treatment Programs and
Continuation Plan FY-77.
135p 1976 Available NTIS HRP-0012088
A report on drug abuse treatment programs in Oklahoma during
1976	is presented, and action strategies of the State for
1977	are noted. The annual performance report and the 1977
continuation plan reflect the efforts and contributions of
many individuals, agencies, and groups. A general overview
of the drug abuse problem in Oklahoma is provided. A general
overview of the drug abuse problem in Oklahoma is provided.
Major indicators of the scope of drug abuse are outlined.
Drug abuse programs in Oklahoma during 1976 are assessed in
relation to their administration, planning and coordination,
treatment and rehabilitation, information systems, research
and evaluation, education, prevention and intervention,
training, and the criminal justice interface. Expenditures
on drug abuse and its treatment are categorized. The
effectiveness of drug abuse programs is evaluated, and
services and projects are described. The action strategy of
Oklahoma for 1977 is concerned with:	a single State agency
policy on drug abuse prevention; problem identification and
analysis of indicators; determination of needs, objectives,
and priorities; and expenditure projections. The action
strategy and drug abuse program operations for 1977 are
detailed.
68Regional Health Planning Council of the North Central Texas
Council of Governments, Arlington.
North Central Texas Regional Plan for the Prevention and
Treatment of Drug Abuse:	A Summary. 1975.
6p Mar 75 Available NTIS HRP-0003650
A plan for prevention and treatment of drug abuse for a
16-county area of north central Texas is summarized in
tabular format:	goals, objectives, strategies, and
implementation and evaluation measures are presented.
Strategies include the establishment of a crisis intervention
network; increase in the number of detoxification units and
development of emergency shelter units; development of
half-way houses for adolescents; support of a voluntary blood
donor system; public education through mass media and school
programs involving parents and students; training of drug
abuse counselors, social workers, and physicians in the area
of drug abuse; research into alternatives to drug abuse and
incarceration; aiding the process of identification and
arrest of drug dealers; and periodic evaluation of the drug
abuse model used in the region. Portions of this document
are not fully legible.
Valentine Nancy M, Meyer Roger E
McLean Hospital, Belmont, Mass.
Approach to Staff Development for the Delivery of Care to
Drug-Addicted Patients.
1hp 1976 Pub. in Nursing Clinics of North America v11 n3
p527-5h0 Sep 76.
Four areas of program planning for professional and
nonprofessional staff development in a drug abuse research
and treatment setting are outlined. The four areas include
the recruitment and selection of staff, orientation and
training, ongoing issues associated with staff roles in ward
management, and the evaluation of staff ability to define and
implement a model of nursing care for patients addicted to
drugs. Consideration is given to screening procedures and
interviewing in the recruitment and selection of staff. The
role of staff in patient rehabilitation is discussed in
relation to limit setting versus caring, dependence versus
independence, and consistency versus staff splitting.
Patient care and staff motivation and morale are described as
two important components of evaluation. It is concluded that
the rehabilitation of patients addicted to drugs requires
specialized and highly skilled nursing care and that quality
of care can only be assured by the development of a cohesive
staff. Criteria used to determine the effectiveness of the
delivery of care to drug-addicted patients include patient
retention, level of aggressive behavior, frequency of illicit
drug use, staff morale, and professional satisfaction.
Tables and case studies illustrate both staffing and
treatment procedures. A bibliography samples sources in the
training of nursing staff for detoxification programs.
69Welch Ronald S, Davis Penelope E
Southern Maine Comprehensive Health Association, Inc.,
Portland.
Southern Maine Regional Drug Abuse Plan. 1973.
282p Jul 73 Available NTIS HRP-0374348
The need for resourceful coordination of drug abuse programs
and mental health center personnel at the regional level is
stressed in this report of the Maine Commission on Drug
Abuse. A survey of mental health centers, hospitals, police,
human service agencies, physicians, the State Department of
Public Health, schools, and the record of Superior Court
indictments for adults revealed that a drug problem exists in
the Southern region of Maine, that it involves mainly alcohol
and marijuana, and that little communication exists between
agencies. Tables and graphs present data obtained from the
foregoing agencies, and a listing of existing regional
services is given. Implementation of drug abuse education
programs in the schools is recommended, and regional planning
for treatment and rehabilitation programs is encouraged. The
collection of more data throughout the planning region is
suggested as a basis for planning new programs. The four
subregions in the area are described, with existing resources
and service needs detailed, and an action agenda outlined
containing specific recommendations for that subregion.
Appendices contain the survey questionnaire hospitals in each
subregipn, a guide for developing school drug policy, the
annual report of the United Drug Abuse Council, and
supportive data for Drug Rehabilitation, Inc. Portions of
this document are not fully legible.
Western Wisconsin Health Planning Organization, Inc., Lacrosse.
Areawide Drug Abuse Plan Summary.
29p 26 Jul 74 Available NTIS HRF-3005625
Steps taken toward developing an areawide drug abuse plan for
drugs other than alcohol for a predominantly rural
seven-county area in western Wisconsin are summarized. The
general planning objective of a comprehensive health services
system that will provide comprehensive, acceptable, and
accessible health care to persons in need of drug abuse
services is supported by more specific objectives for the
drug abuse service system, type of drug abuse care, and drug
abuse education. The plan methodology begins with the
establishment of general and specific objectives, followed by
an inventory of assets and liabilities affecting the present
status of manpower, facilities, and services; analysis of the
data in both descriptive and interpretive terms; and the
setting of alternative courses of action to meet the
objectives. This methodology was developed by the Chemical
Dependency Subcommittee of the Western Wisconsin Health
Planning Organization and was based on input from county
health planning units. Several general barriers and gaps are
identified; programs oriented specifically toward the drug
abuser, inadequate identification of the population needing
70service and assessments of services needed, availability and
adequacy of services at night and on weekends, and lack of
treatment facilities particularly for those under 18.
Priorities are based upon the identification of gaps and
ranked by the Subcommittee. The appendix contains maps of
existing drug abuse program elements, nonexistent elements,
and center locations. Portions of this document are not
fully legible.
71b. MANPOWER RESOURCESAhmed M. B, Young Estelle L
Albert Einstein Coll, of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y. Sound View
Throgs Neck Community Mental Health Center.
Process of Establishing a Collaborative Program between a
Mental Health Center and a Public Health Nursing Division. A
Case Study.
6p 1974 Pub. in American Jnl. of Public Health v64 n9
p880-885 Sep 74.
The planning and implementation of a collaborative program
involving a mental health center and the nursing division of
a public health department are described. Onit I of the St.
Louis (Missouri) State Hospital Complex approached the
nursing director and assistant nursing director of the county
health department concerning the development of a
collaborative program coinciding with the unit*s opening of
an outpatient mental health clinic at the county general
hospital. As the program evolved, public nurses assumed two
major duties:	(1) they worked with patients to be discharged
from both the crisis intervention unit or admission ward and
the long term wards of Unit I, assessing family, home, and
community settings while the patient was in the hospital; and
(2) after a patient was discharged, the nurses performed
aftercare services, including supportive care to the patient
and his family, and communication with the hospital staff
about the patient*s adaptation to the home situation. The
program's experience indicates that the effectiveness of
enlisting the participation of public health nurses in a
community psychiatry program rests heavily on the
establishment of certain key elements:	an intensive
educational program for the nurses in fundamentals of
psychiatric theory; frequent communication between nurses and
psychiatric staff; and ongoing consultation to the nurses by
the community psychiatry staff. A full-time psychiatric
nurse coordinator is required to provide linkages between the
two staffs. Problems encountered by the public nurses in
communicating with the psychiatric staff, in securing
medication for patients, in carrying out home visits, and in
dealing with anxiety about crisis intervention are discussed.
American Psychiatric Association, Washington-, D.C.
Present and Future Importance of Patterns of Private
Psychiatric Practice in the Delivery of Mental Health
Services.
36p Jun 73 Available from the American Psychiatric
Association, 1701 18th St. N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009,
$2.35.
The role of the private practice psychiatrist in the delivery
of mental health services in the U.S. is examined in the
sixth of a series of American Psychiatric Association
monographs. Characteristics of adequate psychiatric services
are delineated, and various patterns of private practice are
identified. Settings of psychiatric practice (private
75offices, community general hospitals, private psychiatric
hospitals, university hospitals, group practices, health
maintenance organizations, and medical corporations and
partnerships) are described. Findings of an analysis of the
contribution of private practicing psychiatrists to the
delivery of mental health services in Kentucky are
summarized. The study findings indicate that the private
practice segment of the profession in Kentucky is the largest
component of the State*s mental health delivery system, and
that private practitioners and mental health centers serve
two different needs. Based on data from the Kentucky study
and other sources, aspects of the economics of private
practice in psychiatry are discussed. An evaluation of
factors in private practice delivery systems leads to the
conclusion that, except for the fact that private practice
does not meet the need of certain segments of the population,
private practitioners do meet a large proportion of the
health needs of the American people and should be viewed as
performing a public service. The impact of third-party
payment on the private practice of psychiatry is examined,
and conclusions are offered concerning the appropriate
involvement of the American Psychiatric Association in
supporting private practice.
American Psychiatric Association
Position Statement on Mental Health Representation in
Governance and Staffing of Health Systems Agencies.
Pub. in American Journal of Psychiatry v133 n5 p601-32 1976.
Dolgoff Thomas
Menninger Foundation, Topeka, Kans.
Organization, the Administrator, and the Mental Health
Professional.
9p 1975 Pub. in Administration in Mental Health v1975
pl»7-55 1975.
Dumas Rhetaugh G
Professional Development:	Legislative Issues. (unpublished
paper) 1975.	13p.
Available from National Institute of Mental Health,
Rockville, Md.
Galiher Claudia B, Needleman Jack, Rolfe Anne J
Consumer Participation. p251-267.
In:	Rosen H, The Consumer and the Health Care System. 1977.
384p.
Available from Spectrum Publications, Inc., Jamaica, N.Y. 11U32.
76Hanson Eleanor T
Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md. Phipps Psychiatric
Clinic.
Nurse Practitioners in Ambulatory Psychiatric Care,
lip 1973 Pub. in Nursing Clinics of North America v8 n2
p313-323 Jun 73.
The roles, functions, and cn-the-job training of nurse
practitioners in the outpatient psychiatric clinic at Johns
Hopkins Hospital are described. The nurse practitioners'
activities fall within four major areas:	home visits (to
homes of inpatients for more data about the family setting,
to patients in crisis who did not keep appointments, to
persons calling in suicide threats, etc); liaison with the
community; intake and evaluation; and treatment of patients.
Initially the least time-consuming of the four areas, patient
treatment, at the time of writing claimed the largest amount
of the nurse practitioners' time. In addition to seeing
weekly patients, nurses carry a caseload of 20 to 30 chronic
patients who are seen periodically in a continuing treatment
clinic. Nurse practitioners spend ten percent of their time
in the continuing treatment clinic, ten percent on a patient
evaluation team, ten percent on intake, and about 50 percent
in weekly treatment of patients individually, in couples, in
families, or in groups. The remaining 20 percent is spent in
supervising, liaison work, recordkeeping, home visiting,
attending clinical and research conferences for continued
learning, and in pursuit of special areas of interest. It is
observed that the program for training the nurse
practitioners has been an unstructured one, without formally
designated students and paid instructors. The program has
been extended so that nurses from psychiatric inpatient units
rotate through the outpatient service where they receive
training in patient assessment, development of nursing
histories and plans, and problem-solving skills from the
clinic nurse practitioners. Future plans for the program are
noted.
Hanson Joan, Deloughery Grace I, Gebbie Kristine M
Mount St. Mary's Coll., Los Angeles, Calif. Coll, of
Nursing.
One Interdisciplinary Planning Team; A Case Study.
6p 1973 Pub. in Jnl. of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health
Services p29-34 Nov-Dec 73.
A case study of an interdisciplinary health team experience
is presented from the viewpoint of a nurse team member. The
team was organized specifically to develop an adolescent
clinic under the auspices of a large metropolitan hospital.
It functioned for 12 weeks and had two major goals:	(1)
establish in the community a comprehensive health service for
adolescents; and (2) train personnel in various disciplines
to plan health services in an interdisciplinary manner. The
team was headed by a resident physician in adolescent
77medicine and included other physicians, psychologists, and a
nurse. The nurse initially expected that health
professionals, particularly mental health professionals,
would naturally have a great ability to utilize the
principles of planning and group interaction effectively in
goal-directed activity. However, she had to disrupt the
original group direction toward cooptation and
authoritarianism and ultimately thwart the goal by
withholding her report in order to effectively develop and
maintain an equal role for nursing on the interdisciplinary
team. While the group failed to reach its goal, the nurse
felt that she achieved a definite gain in ability to perform
more effectively in such groups later. It is recommended
that effective interdisciplinary team work be pursued in the
future.
Health Manpower Council of California, Orinda.
California Health Manpower-1970. Manpower for Mental Health.
32p 1970 Available NTIS HRP-0000U19/2
Major problems in the mental health manpower field in
California under the present service delivery system are
described, as well as a projection of future needs and ways
to deal with them. The report is primarily concerned with
implications for a tax-supported system which provides
services to the mentally ill. Data include a description of
the present system and the projected system for 1975,
manpower needs, problems, and solutions for mental
retardation programs, the Short-Doyle distribution of
manpower services in each county, a summary of responses to a
training program survey by counties, and clinical experience
vs. placement for professional workers. (NTIS)
Indiana State Dept, of Mental Health, Indianapolis.
SPAN. Staffing for Patient's Actual Needs.
9Op 1970 Available NTIS HRP-9001570
The SPAN (Staffing for Patient's Actual Needs) system of
evaluating staffing requirements for hospitals is discussed.
This computerized system applies methods used in industrial
engineering to determine the number of staff required to meet
needs of patients. The system is used in State psychiatric
facilities in Indiana. The initial phases of the project
determined the needs for nursing personnel. In the future
the system will be used to analyze other areas of patient
need, including recreation, activity therapy, and social
service. The system provides management with necessary data
for personnel management and for patient population analysis.
It also identifies trends important in budgeting for cost
analysis. A semi-annual inventory is made of all patients,
with classification according to characteristics which
determine the care they require. This profile, along with a
78manpower inventory, is fed into a computer which analyzes the
number of minutes of care required to meet each patient's
need and provides summaries of total staffing needs. The
report presents results of the study of nursing staff
patterns and requirements for 1970, 1971, and 1972 at 12
State psychiatric hospitals. An analysis of the progressive
SPAN surveys yields a picture of staffing patterns in the
various hospitals in the State. Results are presented in
tabular form without specific conclusions. Portions of this
document are not fully legible.
Puget Sound Goyernmental Conference, Seattle, Wash.
A Compendium Human Resources Planning Processes in the State
of Washington. Volume III. Survey of Local Human Resources
Planning Processes
87p Sep 7U Available NTIS PB-2U2 906/6
The resource document describes how human resources planning
occurs at the local level (King County, Washington). Data
was gathered through interviews with human resource planners
in such functional areas as health, mental health, drug
abuse, disabilities, alcoholism, manpower, law and justice,
aging, social services, and private non-profit. Information
concerns the planning steps and their timing, plan, format,
citizen participation, elected official involvement, source
of funds, etc. (NTIS)
Seitz Philip F D et al.
The Manpower Problem in Mental Hospitals:	A Consultant Team
Approach. 1976. 253p.
Available from International Universities Press, New York.
Sene Barbara
South Central Montana Regional Mental Health Center, Eillings.
Mental Health Assistant Feasibility Study.
68p 29 Dec 71 Available NTIS HRP-0004287
A study undertaken to determine the feasibility of
recruiting, training, employing, and utilizing mental health
assistants to help alleviate the need for mental health
services in south central Montana is reported. A mental
health worker or assistant is defined as an individual
prepared to work as a member of a mental health care team.
Educational preparation would include a combination of
general education and clinical courses offered by an
accredited academic institution. Working under the
supervision of professional personnel, the mental health
assistant would participate in preventive, diagnostic,
treatment, and rehabilitative services offered by a
recognized agency. An eight-page questionnaire was completed
by 117 residents of the area (77 percent response); 30
79percent of the completed questionnaires were self -
administered, and the remainder were completed in the
presence of a consultant. Represented in the nine-county
survey were educational personnel, social workers and public
health nurses, hospital and nursing home administrators,
county commissioners and chamber of commerce representatives,
law enforcement personnel, and physicians. Survey results
are analyzed with respect to recruitment potential; training
(willingness of colleges to develop a program, curriculum
content and length, internship experience, licensure); need
for services; employability; and other findings. Results of
the study suggest that the recruitment, training, employment,
and utilization of mental health assistants is feasible for
south central Montana. Recommendations for pursuing such a
program, based on the documentation of need represented by
this survey, are offered. Supporting tabular data, a copy of
the questionnaire, and details of survey methodology are
included.
Tyler John D, Bartels Brian D
North Dakota Oniv., Grand Forks. Dept, of Psychiatry.
Paraprofessionals in the Community Mental Health Center.
11p 1975 Pub. in Professional Psychology v6 nU p442-452 Nov
75.
Findings are reported of a survey of community mental health
center directors undertaken to determine their experiences
with paraprofessionals with regard to selection criteria,
training methods, roles, and problems. Questionnaires were
J	mailed to the directors of all 336 federally funded
comprehensive community mental health centers as of 1973. A
total of 98 questionnaires from 35 States were returned,
yielding a response rate of 29 percent. Of these, 86 returns
were usable. Survey results show that the mean number of
paraprofessionals at each agency was 18.5. Satisfaction with
paraprofessional programs appeared to be moderately high,
with the mean satisfaction rating 7.5 on a 10-point scale.
An average of two problems were reported on each
questionnaire in response to an inquiry about difficulties
encountered in the employment of paraprofessionals. A number
of the professional respondents (psychologists, social
workers, or psychiatrists) appeared to lack confidence in
their paraprofessional coworkers, indicating that serious
difficulties in interstaff relations can exist between
professional and paraprofessional employees. Differences
between respondents reporting high satisfaction with
paraprofessional personnel and those reporting low
satisfaction are noted with regard to selection criteria,
training practices, and paraprofessional roles. A
significantly greater percentage of low - satisfaction
respondents reported that they considered intellectual or
eudcational criteria important in the selection of
paraprofessionals. Although both groups of respondents
reported similarly extensive use of pretraining and
80on-the-job training, the two groups differed with regard to
use of specific training modalities. For example, low -
satisfaction respondents reported that their
paraprofessionals spent more pretraining time observing and
modelling other staff than was the case with high -
satisfaction respondents. High - satisfaction respondents
reported more use of paraprofessionals as recreational and
occupational therapists and as outreach workers than did low
- satisfaction respondents. The latter group reported
greater use of paraprofessionals as child and adolescent
workers. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Supporting data are included. A copy of the survey
instrument is omitted.
Volo Alfred M, LeCompte Gare, McCord Thomas J, Thayne Robert F
NY-Penn Health Management Corp., Binghamton, N.Y.
Role and Organization in the Mental Health Professions.
120p Jan 76 Available NTIS HRP-0007300
Findings are presented of an investigation in which
interprofessional role relations among mental health
professionals were assessed in relation to the organizational
structures of the agencies in which they work, their
attitudes toward community mental health, and their
relationships in treating clients. Part of a two-year mental
health systems analysis project undertaken by the NY-Penn
Health Management Corporation, the study involved mental
health professionals in the five-county, bi-State (New York
and Pennsylvania) region served by that agency. Emphasis was
placed on the implications of the professional role relations
for continuity of care. The foci of the study were the four
agencies that provide core inpatient and outpatient mental
health services for the region. Following a description of
study methodology and of the internal organization of each
agency, findings of the study with regard to
interprofessional communications, professional stereotypes,
and professional role expectations, as they relate to agency
structure, are presented and discussed. It was found,
generally, that mental health professionals in the region
are, regardless of community mental health attitudes,
organized in a medical model with psychiatrists at the top of
the hierarchy, as indicated by organizational structure,
communications patterns, power, influence, and encroachment.
Implications of the findings for the future success of health
teams composed of psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, and
psychiatric social workers are discussed. Supporting data
and copies of the questionnaires used to obtain information
from the health professionals are included. Portions of this
document are not fully legible.
817. MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIESAtlanta Association for Retarded Children, Inc., Ga.
Study of Georgia's Services for the Mentally Retarded.
Volume I.
122p Jan 72 Available from ERIC Document Reproduction
Service, P.0. Box 190, Arlington, VA 22210 as ED 088 251.
Presented is the first of two volumes reporting on a 2-year
study of Georgia's services to the mentally retarded by the
Atlanta Association for Retarded Children (AARC). Discussed
in the section on organization, philosophy and methodology is
the concept of normalization as an underlying philosophy of
AARC. Briefly described are model programs observed in
Denmark, Sweden, Belgium, the Netherlands, England,
Wisconsin, and Connecticut. A model comprehensive service
system and existing community services are described in terms
of the following areas:	diagnosis and evaluation, family
services, mental and physical health services, education and
training services, work training, economic-legal supportive
services, recreation services, religious training,
transportation, and residential services. Noted is
visitation of existing residential services by AARC staff
members to determine current status of services. Detailed
are evaluations of three special purpose residential
facilities and three multipurpose residential facilities.
Recommendations are given in the areas of:	comprehensive
mental retardation programs, specialized residential
programs, improvement of existing residential facilities, and
program planning. Examples of recommendations are funding
priority for community based small group homes and admission
to State institutions only for retardates whose needs cannot
be met in the community. Among appendixes are the text of a
Declaration of Rights, a listing of reference materials, the
questionnaire used in the residential study, and a chart of
the model comprehensive service system. (ERIC).
Bergman Joel S (Editor)
Community Homes for the Retarded. 1976.	125p.
Available from Heath Co., Lexington, Mass.
Boswell Mary Jane, Rienstra Jan, Peters Ed, Williams David
Austin-Travis County Mental Health — Mental Retardation
Center, Tex. Public Information Office.
Travis County Mental Retardation Services Plan of the Travis
County Mental Retardation Planning Council.
69p Sep 72 Available from ERIC Document Reproduction Service,
P.O. Box 190, Arlington, VA 22210 as ED 101 507.
Presented is a county wide (Travis County, Texas) plan
developed by 12 human service agencies to provide
comprehensive education, maintenance, and prevention services
to the mentally retarded of all ages. Described are three
underlying principles:	human ecology (which stresses an
individual approach to fulfillment), normalization, and
85community responsibility for all people. Detailed are
educational services (including early childhood, academic,
and career education), rehabilitation services (such as
vocational counseling and jot training), and curative
services (including crisis intervention and health
insurance). The section on maintenance deals with such
issues as adequate income maintenance, living arrangements,
and transportation services. Prevention aspects of the plan
are discussed regarding common health hazards and the
provision of comprehensive health care. Major implications
of the plan are listed for 15 community agencies in terms of
education, rehabilitation, maintenance, and prevention
factors. Provided is an 8-year (1972-1980) calendar
guideline for service and program development. (ERIC)
Brannan A. Clark, Sigelman Carol K, Bensberg Gerard J
Texas Tech Oniv., Lubbock. Research and Training Center in
Mental Retardation.
The Hearing Impaired/Mentally Retarded: A Survey of State
Institutions for the Retarded. Monograph 4.
93p 1975 Available NTIS PB-254 838/6
A survey of state institutions serving the mentally retarded
was initiated by the Research and Training Center in mental
retardation at Texas Tech University to provide information
necessary for program planning for the multiple disability of
hearing impairment and mental retardation. The study was to
determine: (1) the prevalence of hearing impaired mentally
retarded (HI/MR) residents, both hard of hearing and deaf, in
state institutions, (2) characteristics of the HI/MR
population, (3) procedures used in identifying and evaluating
HI/MR residents and (4) special programs, equipment and staff
available to the HI/MR resident. The survey was mailed to
212 facilities with an 85 percent response. Recommendations
for identification and diagnosis, educational programs,
vocational training and equipment were summarized. (NTIS)
Bush J. H, Chen M. M, Patrick D. L
California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla. Dept, of Community
Medicine.
Analysis of the New York State PKU Screening Program Using a
Health Status Index
50p Jun 73 Available NTIS PB-243 585/7
At a total annual cost of $836,387, all births in New York
State are tested for phenylketonuria, a gentic biochemical
defect that causes mental retardation. From 1965-1970 an
average of 22 cases were detected annually. Using a health
status index to convert the benefit of the treatment to
quality adjusted years of life, one year's operation of the
program was judged by a national panel of experts to produce
289 function years, that is, the equivalent of 189 years of
86completely well life. Despite the rarity of the disease,
that amount of output gives a cost per function year of
$2,896, which compares favorably with the costs and output of
other widespread programs. (NTIS)
Comprehensive Health Planning Council of South Florida, Inc.,
Miami.
Report on Mental Retardation and Developmental Handicaps.
57p May 75 Available NTIS HRP-0007522
Mental retardation and developmental handicaps are discussed
in a report prepared by the Comprehensive Health Planning
Council of South Florida. The council's planning group for
developmental handicaps and retardation was responsible for
evaluating community services, and statistical data were
collected from agencies primarily serving retarded
individuals. The report, was developed and refined through
various stages:	lengthy subcommittee discussions and
reports, data surveys and verification with agencies,
discussion of preliminary suggestions from subcommittees,
presentation of data to agency directors, and three public
hearings held in March and April, 1975. The prevalence of
mental retardation on the national level is examined and
goals and guidelines of the Florida study are delineated.
The Dade County system of care for mentally retarded is
described. Recommendations are presented that relate to
deinstitutionalization, treatment services, prevention, early
identification systems, coordination, public awareness,
manpower, legislation, and evaluation. Two appendices
contain a list of agencies surveyed by program categories and
a brief history of the Comprehensive Health Planning Council
of South Florida. Portions of this document are not fully
legible.
Cumberland Valley Health Planning Council, London, Ky.
Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Plan.
Region C, Kentucky.
22p Jun 75 Available NTIS HBP-0004252
A plan for the development and coordination of facilities and
services for the mentally retarded - developmentally disabled
in southeastern Kentucky (Region C) is presented. The region
consists of 26 counties represented by three different health
planning councils. Five general goals for treatment and care
of mentally retarded - developmentally disabled individuals
are noted:	the principle of normalization, the assurance of
the legal rights of the clients, the involvement of
knowledgeable health care consumers, individual program
planning, and adequate support services. The monitoring
process encompasses two dimensions:	evaluation of facilities
and assessment of the patient to determine the
appropriateness of the level of care being received.
87Following a definition of the eligible population, various
categories of intermediate care facilities for this
population are described:	medical / nursing, medical /
constructive, social / habilitative, and social /
prevocational. Two general size categories for facilities
are stipulated in Federal and State regulations — Model A
facilities serving 16 residents or more, and Model E
facilities serving 15 or fewer individuals. Facility plan
configurations and methods of determining bed needs are
discussed for each type of facility. Specific needs are
calculated for Region C, and tentative locations for
facilities are noted. The region’s facility monitoring
procedure, which centers on team visits to the facilities, is
described; suggestions with regard to expansion of the
visiting teams are presented. Guidelines for project review
and comment and criteria for Certificate of Need project
review are presented. The method to be employed in plan
revision is discussed.
EDUCOM, Boston, Mass.
A Master Technical Plan for the National Mental Retardation
Information and Resource Center
75p Apr 69 Available from ERIC Document Reproduction Service,
Bethesda, Hd. 20014 PC$3.29, MF$0.65.
The Master Technical Plan is divided into the following four
main parts: (1) 'Introduction.* (2) 'A Description of the
Proposed National Medical Retardation Information and
Resource Center (NMRIRC),' consists of a series of
descriptions of how the national center will serve its
various organizational and individual constituents. This
section explains the technical rationale that led to the
construction of the technical plan for the National Medical
Retardation Information and Resource Center (NMRIRC);	(3)
'Master Technical Plan for the NMRIRC.' This is intended to
be the durable vehicle of design for the eventual national
center and also the master planning document for the
President's Committee. Once reviewed, corrected, and
approved by the President's Committee or ■‘the delegated
representatives of the Secretary the plan should be the
blueprint for the national center; and (4) 'Proposed EDUCOM
Support of the NMRIRC,' includes some historical information
on the Interuniversity Communications Council (EDUCOM), a
roster of institutional members, a proposed staffing plan,
and an estimate of costs for EDUCOM participation.
(Author/MM)
88Environmental Design Group, Cambridge, Mass.
Iowa Community Service Planning for the Mentally Retarded and
Developmentally Disabled.
149p 31 Mar 76 Available NTIS HRP-0015148
The components and impact of the community planning process
for the mentally retarded and the developmentally disabled
population in Iowa, are reported. The purpose of this
process is to allow the 16 Iowa * districts to plan for their
own service delivery system responsive to their area's
specific needs. The components of the process include needs
assessment, a functional model, an administrative model,
constraints and strategies, priorities, cost analysis, and a
7-year master plan. Three planning groups were formed. The
staff task force was composed of the Department of Social
Services* mental retardation supervisors and the field
representatives of the Iowa Association for Retarded
Citizens. The core planning group consisted of key public
and private district, county, and local mental retardation
personnel including consumer representatives. The extended
planning group was composed of key district, county, and
local political and community leaders. Dsing a 13-week
meeting the Dubuque and Sioux City districts developed plans
for social, educational, residential, and support services
for mentally retarded and developmentally disabled citizens.
Based upon their experience, guidelines are presented for the
planning process, the schedule of events, and staff
activities. The Dubuque and Sioux City district plans and
the planning process forms are appended.
Granger Ben P
Tennessee Oniv., Knoxville. School of Social Work.
Developing Community-Based, Small - Group Living Programs in
Rehabilitation Services.
5p 1975 Pub. in Rehabilitation Literature v36 n6 p170-174 Jun
75.
Conclusions concerning the viability of alternative living
programs are drawn from the experience of a 2-year
demonstration project designed to develop a model for
community-based, small group living programs for mentally
retarded persons. Eight adults with varying degrees of
mental, emotional, and physical disabilities participated in
the project. All had been institutionalized, some for as
long as 30 years. The project's research component included
analysis of the problems encountered in planning and
implementing the program, assessment of the expectations and
activities of staff members, and evaluation of participants
during their transition to community-based living.
Evaluation findings are summarized in three basic areas:
development of the project, resident behavior, and
functioning of the group living facility. The project's
experience leads to the conclusion that alternative small
group living programs are workable, though considerably more
89difficult to operate effectively than are institutions.
Among the problems encountered in the project were
shortcomings in the personal attitudes of professional and
nonprofessional staff; bureaucratic blocking; competition,
rather than cooperation, among organizations and
professionals; overemphasis on the participants'
psychological and intellectual status as opposed to their
social and functional status; State mental health programs'
emphasis on consultation rather than direct patient services;
and the need for political knowhow to affect strategies for
planned change.
Health Planning Council of the Jacksonville Area, Inc., Fla.
Overview of Mental Retardation Services in Northeast Florida,
hip Nov 72 Available NTIS HEP-0004482
Existing services for the mentally retarded in the six
counties served by the Health Planning Council of the
Jacksonville (Florida) Area, Inc., are assessed. Following
an outline of developmental characteristics of the mentally
retarded, a list of component services which might comprise a
comprehensive system of services for the mentally retarded is
presented, including:	diagnostic and evaluation services;
education; special living arrangement; work training; day
care; information, referral, and consultative services;
recreational services; counseling; and treatment and therapy.
The following aspects of the current system are reviewed:
caseload distribution; service availability for various I.Q.
levels and age levels; percentage of target population served
by specific agencies; and funds expended. Inadequacies are
identified in the following areas:	coordination and
comprehensiveness of diagnosis and evaluation sources,
consideration of the multiple handicapped person in
prevocational work training, and employment situations;
services for preschool individuals; special living
arrangements for preschool and adolescent individuals;
counseling and psychotherapy services; and others.
Recommendations are presented relative to coordination of
services, development of specific services, education, and
manpower training. Data sheets for each of the agencies
evaluated are included in the appendix; services provided,
eligibility requirements, caseload served, budget and sources
of funds, staff, and plans are described for each agency.
Portions of this document are not fully legible.
Karpe Dale
West Central Texas Council of Governments, Abilene.
West Central Texas Developmental Disability Plan.
34p 31 May 73 Available NTIS HRP-0004114
A developmental disability plan is presented for the 19
counties represented hy the West Central Texas Council of
90Governments. The region is 60 percent rural with one
population center in Abilene, Texas. The plan presents an
analysis of demographic characteristics of the region
including estimated incidence of developmental
disabilities—cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and
epilepsy. An analysis of current regional resources and
services for the treatment of the developmentally disabled is
included. Six regional priorities are identified:	expansion
and reevaluation of diagnosis, evaluation, treatment, day
care, training, education, sheltered employment, and personal
care services; development of a central referral system by
one regional agency as a prototype, and participation in the
development of a Statewide network; establishment of a
comprehensive recreational program within Abilene with
satellite outreach services in other areas; development of a
regional transportation service using existing elements;
establishment of a regional counseling center to provide
professional services or referral for families requiring
consultation or other social services; and development at the
State level of more extensive types of living arrangements
for the developmentally disabled through the use of State
school campuses. Appendices include an analysis of the
current case loads being served by existing programs, a list
of task force members, and a summary of review and comment
activities relative to proposals for services for the
developmentally disabled. Portions of this document are not
fully legible.
.osh (Norman L.) and Associates, Littleton, Colo.
Report on the Community Hospital and Health Needs for El Paso
County, Texas.
147p 15 Mar 73 Available NIIS HRP-3001666
This study evaluates the services and programs of the
hospitals and related health agencies in El Paso County,
Texas in relation to community needs, and makes
recommendations for a coordinated community health plan which
will effect an improved and more efficient delivery of health
care systems for the citizens of El Paso and its service
area. Interviews were conducted with 162 persons involved
directly with health care or vitally concerned with the
system. Statistics and data were compiled, assessed, and
evaluated relating to:	a medical staff opinion survey, the
utilization of hospitals by physicians, patient origin
studies, hospitals* statistics and reports, a master plan for
mental health and mental retardation services, an El Paso
population and land use zonal study and census data maps, and
the Texas Health Manpower Survey of 1971 performed by the
Texas Hospital Association. Demographic and economic
observations of El Paso County are presented, as well as
information on the fragmentation of health services in the
county. Guidelines for a community health services master
plan are offered. It is concluded that effective planning
must place emphasis primarily on services, and secondarily on
91facilities. A summary of recommendations with page
references is provided, and target dates are indicated.
Addenda contain a list of persons interviewed, tables, and
exhibits.
Ohio Dept, of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, Columbus.
Planning Process for Maximizing Programs and Services to the
Mentally Retarded and Developmentally Disabled Citizens of
Ohio.
75p 1976 Available NTIS HRP-0019703
A planning process for the development and expansion of
community facilities and programs for mentally retarded and
developmentally disabled citizens in Ohio is described. The
process is intended to provide a mechanism through which
communities, agencies, and service providers plan, develop,
and implement appropriate services and programs to insure
that mentally retarded citizens can live in the community
successfully. It is under the guidance of the Ohio
Department of Mental Health' and Mental Retardation. Five
phases constitute the planning process:	(1) collection of
data on programs and services; (2) collation and analysis of
data and information; (3) development of a preliminary State
plan to prioritize and operationalize goals; (4) development
of a district planning model; and (5) development of
mechanisms and procedures for updating the State plan. A
detailed schematic of this process is given, with each major
component and procedure identified, and narrative information
on components and procedures associated with the five phases
of the planning process is provided. Supporting
documentation related to data collection is appended.
Oregon State Health Div., Salem. Health Div.
State of Oregon Comprehenvsive Developmental Disabilities
Plan.
130p 1974 Available NTIS HRP-0002182
The Office of Comprehensive Health Planning of the Oregon
Department of Human Resources has been charged by the
Governor with coordinating all health planning activities
within the State. Its goals include:	(1) developing a
statewide comprehensive health plan which identifies health
needs of the people and communities; (2) identifying existing
resources and resource needs; (3) establishing priorities and
making recommendations; (4) establishing goals and
objectives; and (5) establishing evaluation procedures for
measuring progress toward the attainment of these goals.
This report presents the State Plan for planning,
administration, provision of services, and construction of
facilities for persons with developmental disabilities. The
Office of Comprehensive Health Planning is designated as the
State agency charged with planning and administration, and
92the Mental Health Division is responsible for construction
and services. Administrative factors discussed include the
target population included in the plan, fair hearings,
standards of personnel and construction, and financial
administration. A section on goals lists both top priority
and additional goals. A survey of services covers State
agencies, administrative districts, and prevalence estimates.
Priorities, and principles for priorities for services and
facilities, are reviewed with the fiscal year financial plan.
Pritham Gordon, Behrman E. H
Missouri Governor's Advisory Council on Mental Retardation
and ether Developmental Disabilities, Jefferson City.
Developmental Disabilities, 1973-74. Missouri Planning
Composite.
18Op 1974 Available NTIS HRP-0001967
Plans of the 11 regional councils established under the
Missouri Governor's Developmental Council on Mental
Retardation and Other Developmental Disabilities to initate
and deliver high quality programs, services and facilities to
all developmentally disabled citizens are presented. Each
regional council has a comprehensive plan detailing the
objectives, needs, and characteristics peculiar to its area,
as well as emphasizing specific recommendations and
priorities with respect to required programs, facilities, and
services, and procedures designed to achieve the objectives.
Recommendations which must be, or are, most effectively
implemented on a Statewide basis are also included, along
with a summary of existing programs or services available at
the State level or from private organizations. Major areas
of emphasis at the regional and / or State levels are
detailed. Portions of this‘document are not fully legible.
Regional Health Planning Council of the North Central Texas
Council of Governments, Arlington.
Regional Plan for Developmental Disabilities:	Epileptic,
Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation.
36p Aug 73 Available NTIS HRP-7016687
The regional plan of the North Central Texas Council of
Governments for the developmental disabilities of epilepsy,
cerebral palsy, and mental retardation is presented. It is
pointed out that the three developmental disabilities share
many common needs which are similar for the 16-county region
encompassed by the North Central Texas Council of
Governments. The need for service coordination is emphasized
in relation to the identification of gaps in service. A
survey was conducted to determine priority areas which should
be considered for the developmentally disabled in the North
Central Texas Region. Regional priorities established as a
result of the survey are early identification (diagnostic and
93evaluation services), transportation, adult services,
(adapted living arrangements and vocational programming),
advocacy (information and referral services, followup
services, coordination and cooperation among agencies, and
citizen advocacy programs) , day care services (personal
care) , counseling services, treatment and education services,
and protective services. Data are tabulated on facilities
and services available in the 16 counties for the
developmentally disabled. Additional information is appended
on the needs of developmentally disabled persons, and a
summary of developmental disabilities grant requests reviewed
by a regional task force as of July 1973 is included.
Sigelman Carol K
Texas Tech Oniv., Lubbock. Research and Training Center in
Mental Retardation.
Group Homes for the Mentally Retarded. Monograph 1.
66p Aug 73 Available NTIS PB-254 848/5
The monograph is based on proceedings of a 3-day conference
sponsored by the Research and Training Center in Mental
Retardation at Texas Tech University in November 1972
offering personnel in the rehabilitation of the retarded new
information, theories, and research findings involving the
group home concept. The experiences of three community-based
services for the retarded:	(1) Washington State’s Group Homes
for Develop Mentally Disabled Persons, (2) Connecticut's
Regional Mental Retardation Program and (3) sheltered living
programs at the Lubbock State School are reported with
planning, administrative and program considerations. The
perspective of a psychologist assisting the planning and
managing of group homes for the mentally retarded is also
included. (NTIS)
Study Group on Mental Retardation and Developmental
Disabilities, Frankfort, Ky.
Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities:	A State
Plan for Services and Facilities.
41p Feb 75 Available NTIS HRP-0003422
This plan is designed to facilitate the appropriate use of
care for the mentally retarded - developmentally disabled (MR
/ DD) in Kentucky by clarifying the programs and services
that should be developed for MR / DD individuals. Treatment
for MR / DD individuals should be consistent with five goals:
(1) the 'Principle of Normalization,* (2) the assurance of
legal rights, (3) the involvement of knowledgeable health
care consumers, (4) individual program planning, and (5)
adequate support services. The monitoring process
encompasses the evaluation of the facility and an assessment
of the MR / DD patient to determine the appropriateness of
care. Intermediate Care Facilities (ICFs) for MR / DD
94clients are defined, and the categories of facilities are
discussed relative to Federal and Kentucky administrative
regulations. Group home care for the MR / DD client is being
further researched. It is proposed that the plan be reviewed
annually by the State Comprehensive Health Planning Council,
and a report made public. Review and comment by voluntary
health agencies representing mentally retarded, cerebral
palsied, epileptic, and other neurologically impaired
individuals is encouraged. Appendices include data support
for bed quotas for ICF - MR / DD facilities and group homes,
a paper on the normalization principle, the essential
requirements of a service delivery system, and
recommendations of the MR / DD study committee.
West Michigan Health System Agency, Grand Rapids.
Mental Health and Mental Retardation:	A Plan for West
Michigan.
45p Sep 76 Available NTIS HRP-0014289
Mental health and mental retardation components of an area
plan developed by the West Michigan Health Systems Agency are
discussed. The basic health problem related to mental
illness is identified as the reduction of mental illness in
the western Michigan area. A broad overview of mental
illness is presented in tabular form. The basic planning
methodology used by the West Michigan Health Systems Agency
makes a distinction between product and process planning.
Product planning identifies basic health problems as they
affect individuals, while process planning addresses the
services, manpower, facilities, and financing necessary to
prevent, reduce, eliminate, or contain basic health problems.
This distinction emphasizes the difference between activity
and progress and between services rendered and impact made.
The focus of the mental health and mental retardation
components of the area plan is on services rendered or
required at inpatient psychiatric facilities, including State
and local institutions. An estimate of outpatient services
is also presented in relation to the utilization rates of
inpatient services. By using a prevalence estimate developed
by the Michigan Department of Mental Health, the number of
mentally retarded in the area served by the West Michigan
Health Systems Agency is estimated to be slightly over 15,000
persons, based on 1974 projections. Approximately 1,000
retarded persons in the area are served annually in State
facilities. Mental health and mental retardation are dealt
with on a regional basis, considering seven related elements
(inpatient, outpatient, emergency, aftercare, prevention, day
program, and community information services).
958. PLANNING PROGRAMS AND SERVICES






























Office
Agency for International Development, Washington, D.C.
of Science and Technology.
Science, Technology, and Development. Volume VI. Health and
Nutrition
203p 1962 Available NTIS PB-207 499
Volume 6 of a twelve volume series on science and technology
in developing countries includes the following papers:	Man
and environment; Vital and health statistics in the
utilization of science and technology; Health service
planning; A new public health discipline in Peru; The
fluorescent antibody technique in diagnosis; Cause and
control of fatal infantile diarrheal diseases; Vaccination
against measles; Typhoid fever and its complications;
Bilharziasis; Prevention and control of trachoma; Psychiatric
problems in developing countries; Malaria experience in
Liberia, Iran, Jordan, and Nepal; Facilities for medical
research and research in less developed areas. (NTIS)
Alabama State Dept, of Mental Health, Montgomery. Div. of
Mental Illness.
State Plan for Services to the Mentally 111.
353p 15 Jun 76 Available NTIS HRP-0014621
Alabama's plan for services to the mentally ill in fiscal
year 1977 was prepared in response to P.L. 94-63 and P.L.
93-641 (National Health Planning and Resources Development
Act of 1974) and encompasses services provided through State
mental hospitals, community mental health centers, and
specialized mental health facilities operated by the State.
Itemized goals and objectives are discussed for each of these
service components. Administrative aspects of Alabama's plan
are concerned with the designation of a State agency to be
responsible for mental health services, the establishment of
a State advisory council, the preparation of reports, annual
review of the plan, personnel administration, and plan
administration funds. The State mental health program is
examined in relation to its goals and objectives,
preadmission screening, alternatives to hospitalization,
specialized service facilities operated by the State,
followup care, manpower, maintenance and operational
standards, and coordination of planning. Catchment areas in
the State's mental health program are identified. An
inventory of facilities in the State is provided, as well as
the results of a survey of mental health service needs.
Priorities for community mental health centers are
delineated. A program for community mental health centers is
outlined. Supporting graphical and tabular data on mental
health services and facilities in Alabama are included.
99Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration,
Rockville, Md.
Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration. The
Forward Plan for FY 1978 - 1982.
164p Sep 76 Available NTIS HBP-0014342
The Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration's
(ADAMHA) Forward Plan represents the administration's best
professional judgment, within certain budget constraints,
about what the needs for alcoholism, drug abuse, and mental
health programs funded by the Federal Government will be for
fiscal years 1978 through 1982. The plan presents a set of
program proposals, supported by the necessary budgetary and
legislative proposals, and provides a wide range of
recommendations for the support of specific research
activities. In addition, the plan proposes the continuation
of categorical program support for the funding of alcoholism,
drug abuse, and mental health service projects. Initial
proposals are set forth in the plan for the redirection of
the ADAMHA, the National Institute of Mental Health, and
service manpower training programs. Recommendations are made
for shifting from long-term support of mental health
disciplinary training to the higher priorities of primary
care, greater reliance on State roles in manpower planning,
the maldistribution of manpower, and new research and
demonstration activities. The Forward Plan comprises
detailed plans for each of the ADAMHA's three institutes:
(1) National Institute for Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, (2)
National Institute of Mental Health, and (3) National
Institute of Drug Abuse. Appendixes provide additional
information on mental health service manpower. National
Institute of Mental Health legislative proposals, and mental
health statistics.
Allen Dean A
Western Massachusetts Health Planning Council, Inc., West
Springfield. Mental Health Task Force.
Mental Health Task Force Report.
33p Oct 74 Available NTIS HBP-0002625
Recommendations of a task force charged with examining
conditions of mental health operations in western
Massachusetts are contained in this report. The greatest
needs in the region were found to be crisis intervention,
childrens* services, community-participation alternatives to
accomplish deinstitutionalization, and psychiatric services
in community or general hospitals. Continuing concerns were
deinstitutionalization and the need to develop mental illness
prevention programs. The primary recommendation of the task
force was to increase the awareness of mental health concerns
on the part of Western Massachusetts Health Planning Council.
Other recommendations were:	to facilitate communication
among the various mental health and mental health-related
boards, agencies, committees, organizations, and groups, and
TOOwith the WMHPC; to assist in developing needed services and
obtaining funds in collaboration with appropriate
organizations; to advocate and actively support improved and
expanded mental health services and programs in western
Massachusetts; and to promote the inclusion of preventive
mental health approaches in the planning and implementation
of mental health services. To comply with certificate of
need requirements* the task force recommended review of
various aspects of all health care facilities. Appendices
contain brief staff reports. A bibliography is included.
Portions of this document are not fully legible.
American Hospital Association, Chicago, 111.
Mental Health Services and the General Hospital. A Guide to
the Development and Implementation of Mental Health Service
Plans.
53p 1970 Available from American Hospital Association, 840
North Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, 111. 60611.
The purpose of this American Hospital Association guide is to
help hospitals fulfill their responsibilities in the area of
mental health services. This guide is directed primarily to
hospitals not yet providing mental health services or
providing them only to a limited extent. It is designed to
assist such hospitals to determine their appropriate role in
meeting the mental health needs of the population served
within the framework of existing resources. An overview of
mental health services in general hospitals is provided. The
following elements of service in a mental health program are
identified and discussed:	minimum service programs,
inpatient services, outpatient services, partial
hospitalization services, emergency services, consultation
and education services, and liaison psychiatric services.
Physical facilities for patients and staff in mental health
services are discussed. Legal aspects of mental health
services which are considered included:	protection of human
rights, confidentiality, and legal counsel for patients.
Sources of Federal support are identified and aspects of a
written mental health service plan are delineated. A
bibliography is included.
Brown Jacqueline F
Parallels between Adlerian Psychology and the Afro-American
Value System.
Pub. in Individual Psychologist v13 nl p29-33 1976.
101Bureau of Community Health Services, Rockville, Md.
Inclusion of Mental Health Services in Health Maintenance and
Related Organizations:	A Review of Supplemental Benefits.
81p 1974 Available NTIS HRP-0039952
Major forces affecting the role of health maintenance
organizations (HMOs) in mental health care delivery are
discussed. The inclusion of mental health services in HMOs
is addressed both in terms of the medical care system and in
terms of internal administration. Experiences of mental
health programs in operation under HMO prototypes (prepaid
plans established and operational prior to 1966) are
described. A nonrandom sample of HMO prototype organizations
with ongoing mental health programs was selected for study.
Cost and utilization data, as well as a description of
benefits, were emphasized in the information collected.
Discussions were held with administrative and program staff
using common guidelines to obtain pertinent information.
Information and data were also collected from special case
studies, surveys and reports, literature reviews, and
statistics routinely compiled by Federal agencies. Mental
health programs were analyzed in relation to organization,
administration, financing, benefits and services, manpower
and staffing patterns, utilization and costs, and quality
assurance and recordkeeping. The relationship between
community mental health centers and prototype HMOs was also
considered. It is concluded that manpower, premium power,
and consumerism are among the major forces shaping the
expression of health / mental health interfaces in HMOs and
that intrinsic advantages accrue to both mental health
practices and to the general health delivery mission of HMOs
through the inclusion of mental health care in an HMO service
program. These advantages are defined as links to general
health care, true accessibility, quality care by
professionals, and cost-effectiveness. An annotated
bibliography on HMOs and mental health services is provided.
Charleston Area Comprehensive Health Planning Council, S.C.
Mental Health Advisory Committee.
Trident Area Mental Health Care Plan.
44p Oct 73 Available NTIS HRP-0003402
The mental health facilities, programs, and manpower which
are available in the three-county area surrounding
Charleston, South Carolina are identified. Data are compared
with State and national statistics. There are 116
psychiatric beds available in the area, of which 57 are
restricted to use by specific groups. There were 380
admissions of area residents to a State psychiatric facility
in 1973, and 3,767 admissions to five local mental
facilities. There were also 10,730 out-patients in 1972 and
1973. Of the area's 38 psychiatrists and 42 psychologists,
the majority were not available to the general public.
Comparisons between patient admissions in State and county
102mental hospitals in South Carolina and the U.S. are made.
Comparisons of local and national patient projections to 1980
are also included. The 14 facilities supplying mental health
care in Charleston are identified, with service projections
to 1980 included. A chart shows the extent to which needs
for psychiatric services would be nret in relation to various
assumptions of need. These data are presented by age and
show projections to 1975 and 1980 in the U.S. Statistics
also compare the State's expenditure for mental health care
with those of other States. Recommendations point out future
needs for programs and further studies.
Coleman Jules V, Patrick Donald L
Yale Oniv., New Haven, Conn. Community Health Care Center.
Integrating Mental Health Services Into Primary Medical Care.
8p 1976 Pub. in Medical Care v14 n8 p654-661 Aug 76.
The inclusion of mental health services as an integral
component of primary health care is suggested as a means of
improving the distribution of mental health services for the
population as a whole. Primary care clinicians are the most
accessible health providers, and the largest share of
responsibility for care of the emotionally disturbed, at
various levels of severity, rests with these clinicians.
Close collaboration between mental health professionals and
primary care providers should make it possible to care for
most major and minor psychiatric illnesses in the general
population. The development of some form of national health
insurance will have a significant effect on the delivery of
mental health services in the future. Three modes of
delivery are proposed as models for an effective
collaboration effort:	(1) the psychiatric or mental health
education of the primary care clincian; (2) establishment of
a liaison program between medical and mental health providers
for individual patient problems; and (3) a team collaboration
model in which mental health providers are members of a
primary care team. This team collaboration model is
illustrated by the Community Health Center Plan of New Haven,
Connecticut, a comprehensive, multispecialty, group practice,
prepayment organization. Supportive services are provided
through patterned relationships, and responsibility for
patient care is shared among the team members.
Colten Sterling I
Integrative Mental Health Programming.
Pub. in Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal vl n1 p19-31 1976.
103Comprehensive Health Planning Council of South Florida, Inc.,
Miami.
Mental Health Plan for Dade County with Future Projections.
122p Jan 73 Available NTIS HBP-0007521
Based on the findings of the Mental Health Planning Committee
of the Dade County Mental Health Consortium, a mental health
plan for the County is presented, including short-range
(1973-1974) priorities and long-range (1974-1980) goals. The
document includes a description of the Committee's study
approach, a summary of findings with regard to specific
problem areas and funding, observations, a statement of goals
and principles accompanied by a model for a mental health
system, and recommendations. It was found that the delivery
of mental health services in Dade County as of January 1973
represented a fragmented, non-system which reached a minority
of those in need. Specific problems are identified in the
areas of geriatric services, children under age 13,
individuals in trouble with the law, services for teenagers,
and payment of mental health services. Appended materials
include data from site visits, socioeconomic and mental
health agencies data, a description of Dade County and
catchment area data, a description of the Citizens
Information Service, and programs and budgets considered for
recommended mental health-related projects. Portions of this
document are not fully legible.
Coordinating Council on Health Planning Data, Syracuse, N.Y.
Planning and Review of Mental Health Services Methods and
;	Data Sources.
87p 1976 Available NTIS HRP-0014330
The proceedings of a conference of health planners in DHEW
Region II held to examine the implications of P.L. 93-641 for
mental health services are recorded. The conference was the
seventh in a series devoted to consideration of planning
methods, data collection and analysis, and conceptual
problems in the planning and review process mandated by P.L.
93-641. The report includes an outline of the conclusions
and recommendations of the conference and a summary of
presentations and discussions. The following topics are
covered:	(1) Health Systems Agency (HSA) review
responsibilities for mental health and retardation,
alcoholism, and drug abuse services (programs, projects, and
services to be reviewed; criteria to be used; the
compatibility of Federal and State criteria; problems likely
to be encountered by HSAs in assuming review
responsibilities);	(2) HSA plan development responsibilities
(plan development requirements for mental health under P.L.
93-641, availability of classification schemes for describing
the mental health system, need determination methodologies
and their data requirements, standards and guidelines for
plan development); (3) the changing emphasis on institutional
care; and (4) data sources for plan development and review
104(availability of data from Federal, State, and local sources;
the need for HSAs to engage in or support local primary data
collection efforts; data needs for plan development; State
and local data sources in Region II). Lists of conference
participants and materials are included.
Dincin Jerry
Report from Group on HDD-Mental Health Collaboration. p61-65.
in:	NIMH Community Living Arrangements for the Mentally 111.
1976.	144p.
Available from National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Ewalt Jack P, Ewalt Patricia L
Preventive Methods and Mental Health Programs. p262-76.
In:	Holman B, The Therapist*s Handbook:	Treatment Methods.
1976. 539p.
Available from Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
Feldman Saul
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Administration of Mental Health Services.
419p 1973 Available from Charles C. Thomas, Publisher,
301-327 E. Lawrence Ave., Springfield, 111. 62703, $18.50.
A comprehensive approach to administration in the mental
health setting is deatiled in a text written for academic
programs in mental health and health administration and for
those working in the field of mental health. Administration
is viewed as a leadership process inseparable from policy and
central to organizational effectiveness. It is noted that,
in marked contrast to its predecessors, the prototype mental
health organization of the 1970's is a complex, frequently
decentralized service system with various levels of
accountability and close ties with other human services.
Mental health services are considered to be moving in the
following directions:	increased scope and resources, larger
and more diverse staffs, complex organizational patterns,
multiple funding sources, irultiurit systems coordinated with
other services, sophisticated management information and
evaluation, close involvement with government at all levels,
greater community involvement, and increased sensitivity to
change. The administration of mental health services is
discussed with regard to the financing and budgeting of
mental health services, community involvement in the
decision-making process, relation between mental health and
other human services, planning, special problems of managing
mental health professionals, politics and mental health
services, organizational behavior and change, and management
information.
105Grunebaum Henry, Abernathy Virginia, Clough Louise, Groover
Bonnie
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Department of
Psychiatry.
Staff Attitudes Toward a Family Planning Service in the
Mental Hospital.
6p 1975 Pub. in Community Mental Health Jnl. vll n3 p280-285
1975.
Gumerson Dow
Areawide Health Planning Organization, Oklahoma City, Okla.
Mental Health Division Study and Recommendations.
67p Aug 72 Available NTIS HRP-000U239
A study is presented of mental health status and services,
focusing on the three counties which comprise the Oklahoma
City, Oklahoma Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA).
In the opening chapter, the elements of a good mental health
program are outlined as follows:	services to the mentally
troubled (broad preventive measures, early detection and
control, special consultation needs for children and
adolescents); non - institutional services to the mentally
ill (outpatient clinical services); institutional services to
the mentally ill (general hospital services, community mental
health centers, mental hospital services); and services for
the mentally retarded. The current situation in the Central
Oklahoma SMSA is examined with regard to major systems of
services to the mentally troubled, their utilization, and the
demand for care in this area; major elements of the system
for treatment of mental outpatients (manpower and major
treatment organizations), utilization of services, and demand
for care; and major providers of institutional services for
the mentally ill and trends in utilization and demand for
care. Separate discussions of services related to the
mentally retarded, narcotics and other drug abuse, and
alcoholism are included. Strengths and weaknesses of the
existing system are noted. A need to enhance coordination of
planning and service delivery and to integrate voluntary.
State, and Federal funds to accomplish a comprehensive range
of services is observed. Review and comment criteria for
mental health programs are presented, as are program
guidelines for alcholism treatment programs. Recommended
criteria for narcotics addiction and drug abuse programs are
presented. Specific recommendations are presented with
regard to primary prevention (family planning, abortion,
maternal and child care, adoption, and mental health
education); secondary prevention and treatment (development
of a community mental health center, encouragement of
outpatient mental health services, etc.); tertiary care and
treatment (inpatient psychiatric services, payment
procedures, etc.); developmental disabilities; and
alcoholism. A bibliography and supporting tabular data are
included. Portions of this document are not fully legible.
106Hollister William G, Edgerton J. Wilbert, Bentz Willard K,
Miller Francis T, Aponte Joseph F
North Carolina Univ., Chapel Hill. Div. of Community
Psychiatry.
Experiences in Rural Mental Health, III — Developing Citizen
Participation.
34p 1973 Available from Division of Community Psychiatry,
Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
One facet of a 5-year project to develop new means of
providing comprehensive mental health services to rural
populations was an attempt to involve community residents in
program planning and development. The material in this
booklet documents that attempt—including the problems that
arose—for the benefit of other persons serving rural areas.
The focus of the project activity was on eight bridges of
communication:	neighborhood advisory councils; county-wide
advisory councils; relationships with county commissioners;
contacts with allied human service agencies, such as the
school system and the Mental Health Association, and
professionals; joint project participation with special
interest groups, such as members of the senior citizens
council; visits to community decisionmakers (i.e., persons
who may not be functioning in official capacity but who are
influential in community decisionmaking); responsive contacts
with patients or citizens groups, which involved going into
the community and other informal procedures; and volunteers.
Experiences with each of these groups are discussed
separately. The appendix contains a profile of Vance and
Franklin Counties, North Carolina, the rural jurisdictions
which were the focus of the project.
Illinois State Dept, of Mental Health, Springfield.
Joint Workshop for Community Public Librarians and Librarians
Serving Patients at Illinois Mental Health Institutions;
•Improving Library Services for Those with Mental Health
Problems' (Activity Therapy Services Training School (1st)
held at Manteno State Hospital, Manteno, Illinois, August
31-September 1, 1966)
30p 1966 Available from ERIC Document Reproduction Service,
Bethesda, Md. 20014 PCS3.29, MF$0.65.
The two purposes for this workshop are:	(1) to provide basic
foundations for the future planning and growth of library
services for patients and residents in institutions of the
Department of Mental Health and for all citizens of Illinois
having mental health problems; and (2) to encourage
cooperation and understanding between public librarians and
librarians for patients and residents in institutions of the
Department of Mental Health. The report contains:	A general
summary of the workshop; a summary of the sessions with Clara
Lucioli — the head of the Hospital and Institutions
Department of the Cleveland Public Library; reports from the
107discussion groups; the schedule and list of participants; and
a list of resource materials given to the participants.
(Author/NH)
Miller Francis T, Bentz W. K, Aponte Joseph F, Edgerton J.
Wilbert, Hollister William G
North Carolina Oniv., Chapel Hill. Div. of Community
Psychiatry.
Experiences in Rural Mental Health, IX — Measuring and
Monitoring Stress in Communities.
23p 1974 Available from Division of Community Psychiatry,
Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
In an attempt to create a model system for identifying,
monitoring, and evaluating the impact of stress on
populations, a series of approaches to measuring stress in
communities and individuals was developed and tested. The
measuring and monitoring were approached from three
directions; (1) exploring events having an effect on the
community, (2) studying methods of measuring stress as it
relates to individuals, and (3) developing an information
system. Such a system would take into account the stresses
having an effect on the community and the responses community
residents might make to available helping resources. The
discussion covers monitoring public events (including using
newspaper headlines, using local citizens as reporters and
evaluators of events, and relating public events to community
well-being); approaches to developing community stress
indices measuring private events; and social area analysis (a
technique used to identify the geographic location of persons
who might need mental health services). Also considered are
ideas for application of these approaches to mental health
program planning.
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md.
Planning for Creative Change in Mental Health Services; A
Manual on Research Utilization, for Researchers, for
Consultants, for Administrators / Practitioners.
38p 1971 Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, $.45.
A guide is presented which is aimed at producing more
effective mental health services through the utilization of
knowledge and planned organizational change techniques.
Individual chapters describe; the development of needed
knowledge through research; resources, comprising suggestions
on the role and functions of change agents; methods,
describing techniques for promoting change; and adoption,
relating to determinants and techniques of organizational
change. Crucial to the production of utilizable research are
a futures focus, identification and understanding of the user
108
\(practitioner), pilot projects, simulation of user
conditions, use of advisory groups, selection of intervening
variables and criterion measures in designing the proposal to
be of concern to potential users, sensitivity to the host
agency, target audience participation, regular reports and
conferences, maintenance of communication, and participation
of the investigator in diffusion and adoption. The change
agent, or consultant, is the resource for bridging the gap
between the producer of knowledge and the consumer; he must
be effective in managing the various phases of planned change
and in coping with resistance in the user organization.
Methods to be considered in bringing about improvement or
desired change are suggested including:	personal contact,
mediating journals, individual counseling, peer group
discussion, temporary systems, Tavistock group therapy,
legitimation and encouragement of challenge, Mann systematic
use of feedback, and direct systematic alteration.
Ohio Dept, of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, Columbus.
Office of Program Evaluation and Research.
Innovative Programs in Mental Health. Results Book for
Piscal Year 1975.
65p 1975 Available NTIS HRP-0013132
The results of mental health programs carried out in Ohio
communities during fiscal year 1975 are summarized. The
programs, all of which were funded under Section 31U(d) of
the Federal Public Health Service Act, covered a wide range
of service and planning activities from preschool screening
to aftercare and from service development to service
evaluation. Each summary includes a statement of the problem
to which the project was addressed, goals and objectives,
implementation methodology, results, and evaluation. A
contact person is identified for each project. In addition
to 2 State office projects, 1 on prevention and education and
the other on continuing education in community mental health,
summaries are presented by county for 21 projects:	a mental
health program for juvenile offenders; a human resources
team; a therapeutic nursery school; mental health education
for clergy and nurses; public education in mental health; a
school-based prevention program; use of a mental health
planner on a board of education; a centralized transitional
services unit; a family care project; a child abuse center; a
community relations program; a work enterprise program; a
family support system; community mental health training with
educators; preventive mental health services for children in
day care; pastoral consultation; a precare / aftercare
project; rural clergy as mental health associates; a rural
community 'neighboring' program; a preschool screening
program; and a mental health outreach program for low-income
residents of a rural area.
109Ohio Dept, of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, Columbus.
Prevention and Education Section.
Primary Prevention:	A Selected, Annotated Bibliography.
60p Feb 76 Available NTIS HRP-0016882
An annotated bibliography on primary prevention of mental
disorders, mental retardation, and drug abuse is presented
for use by individuals vho plan or operate prevention
programs. The purpose of the bibliography is to increase and
improve primary prevention services in order to reduce the
incidence of mental disorders, mental retardation, and drug
abuse and related problems. Instrumental tools described
relate to prevention assumptions, ethics, concepts, methods,
and program examples. Approximately 150 annotated sources
are cited, all of which were published from 1963 - 1975. The
bibliography is divided into two main sections in order to
facilitate its use as a reference guide and source of
information on primary prevention:	(1) chronological listing
and chart of definitions of primary prevention; and (2)
annotated listings. A topical index is appended.
Orange County Health Planning Council, Tustin, Calif.
Guidelines for Mental Health Services.
21p 1974 Available NTIS HRP-0004374
Points of reference for use in the planning and review of
mental health programs in Orange County, California, are
presented by the Orange County Health Planning Council.
Current data on mental health services in the County and
)	trends affecting mental health services are discussed.
Sources of national and State standards are mentioned, and
requirements for grant, proposal, or program review are set
forth. The scope of mental health services (including
alcoholism and drug abuse programs) as described in the
Orange County Health Services Plan is outlined, including
treatment continuum functions, functions of program
management, and functions of prevention and public education.
Record and report requirements, accessibility standards,
recommendations relative to acceptability, and economic
feasibility considerations are discussed. The steps of a
feasibility study to be undertaken by mental health
facilities prior to making any construction or expansion
commitments are specified. Professional standards and
quality assurance guidelines are presented, and staffing
policies are discussed. A formula for determining need
levels for acute inpatient psychiatric beds is presented, and
population projections for Crange County from 1973 to 1989
are provided. A bibliography is included.
no
. I.*Pennsylvania Comprehensive Mental Health Planning Committee,
Harrisburgh.
Toward Complete System Integration.
78p 14 Sep 76 Available NTIS PE-268 435/5
The Comprehensive Committee on Mental Health Planning, after
24 months of meetings, arrived at consensus on several key
issues affecting the delivery of mental health services in
Pennsylvania and now considers the following recommendations
to be essentially needed changes: (1) That there be
established a clearly defined single point of entry to the
publicly funded total treatment system at the level of the
County Mental Health/Mental Retardation program. (2) That
there be assurance of continuity of care through actions of
the County Mental Health/Mental Retardation Program Office.
(3) That there be immediate establishment of a unified budget
system with legislated assurance of a single appropriation
which allows funds to follow the patient. (NTIS)
Pullen Stuart N
York Health Corp., Pa.
Development of a Primary Health Care Subsystem.
14p Nov 74 Available NTIS PB-253 077/2
The report discusses one of 12 subsystem grants funded in FY
1972. The project's goal was the development of a subsystem
of primary care for five city and three rural target areas,
with emphasis on integration of mental health, alcoholism,
and family planning programs into a network of health
centers. The effort was successful locally in that it
substantially increased services available to its target
populations. Through cooperation with local providers and
coordination with existing categorical programs it expanded
from a weekly volunteer clinic to a full-time urban health
center with four rural satellites. Categorical services were
provided in a comprehensive health setting and staffs of
individual programs increased their effort on outreach,
referral, and follow-up. Thus, substantially more people had
access to and utilized these services. The report presents a
description of informal means utilized to integrate services
of several programs. However, there was no formal
restructuring within the ambulatory care system. (NTIS)
Shahine Hussein
Columbia Univ., New York.
Architectual Viewpoint of Mental Health Planning.
304p 1974 Available from University Microfilms International,
300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106.
The challenge for architecture inherent in prevailing
philosophies regarding mental illness, its prevention, and
its treatment is discussed, and possible approaches to
111meeting the challenge are considered. The history of
societal attitudes toward the insane is traced from the
pre-Christian era through the Middle Ages in Europe and from
the 18th century to the present in both Europe and North
America. The development of the mental hospital, beginning
with early institutional care for the insane during Greek and
Roman times, is described. The monastic institutions and
healing shrines of the middle ages are analyzed, as well as
mental institutions in the Arab world and in Spain. Asylums
in Europe and America from the 18th century to the present
are described. The discussion then addresses concepts in
mental health planning current as of the early 1970s,
including a review of new types of psychiatric hospitals, the
concept of the community mental health center, the
legislative and philosophical evolution of the Community
Mental Health Centers Act, and the problems in transforming
this concept into a viable reality. Existing models of the
community mental health center are described. Mental health
planning in Scandinavia is examined, with special attention
to the Swedish practice of 'all forms of health under one
roof,' and to mental health reform in Denmark. A discussion
of comprehensive health planning points out the concept
underlying current developments in health care:	that health
care is a right rather than a privilege. Architecture as
therapy, the environment needs of the mentally ill, and the
structural environment of health are then discussed. The
need for architects, psychiatrists, and others to study the
effects of different environments on the mentally ill is
stressed, as is the need for flexibility in planning for
ongoing evaluation of the effects of various spaces on mental
patients. A selected bibliography and illustrations of the
floor plans and design of several institutions are included.
Sharma Prakash C, Vance Mary
University of North Alabama, Florence. Dept, of Sociology.
Problems, Planning and Delivery of Mental Health Services:	A
Selected Research Bibliography (1950 - 1973).
24p Jan 75 Available from Mrs. Mary Vance, Editor, Council of
Planning Librarians, P.0. Box 229, Monticello, 111. 61856,
$2.50.
A bibliography of approximately 325 selected references on
the problems, planning, and delivery of mental health
services is presented. The listings are divided into two
parts:	those published from 1950 through 1965, and those
published from 1966 through 1973. Within each part, listings
are further categorized as books and monographs, and articles
and periodicals. References are listed alphabetically by
author.
112Shoff Allan Morton
Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia. Graduate School of Arts
and Sciences.
Impact of Citizen Participation on Community Mental Health
Planning.
392p 1974 Available from University Microfilms International,
339 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106.
Two hypotheses concerning the impact of citizen participation
on the planning decisions that determine resource allocation
in community mental health programs are examined through a
retrospective analysis of community mental health programs in
Los Angeles County, California and through a survey of
program staff members and regional community liaison
committee members. The hypotheses are:	(1) as citizen
participation in the planning of community mental health
programs increases, the citizens' effect on the
decisionmaking process increases; and (2) as citizen
participation increases, emphasis on indirect primary
prevention programs decreases and, correspondingly, emphasis
on direct clinical services increases. A discussion of the
importance of both prevention and citizen participation in
community mental health planning points up the conflict
implied in the second hypothesis:	whether to allocate scarce
resources to deal with immediate problems, or to aim at a
better future through the promise of indirect primary
intervention. The methods and materials used in testing the
hypotheses are described, and the background against which
community mental health planning in Los Angeles County has
taken place is discussed. An increase in citizen
participation in the planning of community mental health
programs was verified. The increase was identifiable,
although not uniform, in all parts of the county. Increased
citizen participation was found to affect the planning
process at both countywide and regional levels. Regional
effects were not dramatic or uniform, but countywide effects
were impressive. The second hypothesis proved not to be
testable by the data collected. Difficulty was encountered
in distinguishing the intervention preferences of community
liaison and staff groups. However, the responses of the
community liaisons were consonant with the argument that
citizen participants prefer direct secondary and tertiary
services to indirect and direct primary interventions.
Unexpectedly, the preferences of the staff members agreed
with those of the community liaisons, perhaps indicating a
lack of acceptance of the public health model and / or
reflecting the pressure on staff members for providing direct
services. Relevance of the findings for community health
planning and for planning as a discipline is discussed.
Supporting data and a bibliography are included.
113South Central Connecticut Regional Mental Health Planning
Council, Inc., Hew Haven.
Proposal to the New Haven Foundation for Transition Toward a
Decentralized Mental Health System in South Central
Connecticut.
24p 26 Jun 74 Available NTIS HRP-0012122
A proposal for a decentralized mental health system in South
Central Connecticut is described. The South Central Region
includes New Haven and 12 surrounding towns and cities. The
proposal requested funding by the New Haven Foundation in
Connecticut in the amount of $36,977 for the period between
August 1, 1974 and July 30, 1975. It was felt that favorable
action on the request for funding would insure the orderly
transition of the work of the Mental Health Planning Council
of South Central Connecticut into a new regionalized mental
health system as outlined in Connecticut's Mental Health
Services Act of 1974, and that the funding would insure the
implementation of needed decentralized mental health services
on a short term basis. Information on the Mental Health
Planning Council and its operation is provided. Projects
included in the proposal for a decentralized mental health
system are noted. Three projects are described in detail:
(1) a planning and evaluation process for a precare and
aftercare system in the South Central Region; (2) development
of an East Shore area services and coordinating center; and
(3) training for council members. Cost data are tabulated.
Southern Oklahoma Development Association, Ardmore Airpark.
District Health Council. Mental Health Plan.
49p Apr 75 Available NTIS HRP-3373407
This volume presents the basic mental health plan for a
10-county area of southern Oklahoma. The report describes
mental health problems and resources in the area and lists
general principles, goals, objectives, and recommendations to
be applied in implementing the mental health plan. A profile
of the region is provided, with needs assessed through
discussion of socioeconomic characteristics. Statistics on
infant mortality, suicide, divorce, and homicide are given.
Two specific problems, alcoholism and drug abuse, are
examined in terms of available treatment programs and
facilities. Other mental health organizations are described
in terms of areas served, populations served, and funding.
The principles involved with an ideal mental health system
are discussed. Problems specific to the region are then
presented. Goals, objectives, and activity-oriented
recommendations are listed for inpatient services, outpatient
services, intermediate levels of care, emergency services,
and consultation and education. Some general implementation
principles and criteria for review and comment are provided.
Portions of this document are not fully legible.
114Strauss Peter, Finney Robert D
Health Planner Involvement for Improving Mental Health
Services in Long-Term Care Settings.
9p 1976 Pub- in Jnl. of Long-Term Care Administration v6 n2
p47-55	1976.
The provision of quality mental health care in long term care
facilities is examined. Factors contributing to an increased
demand for mental health services in long term care
facilities include estimates of the percent of long term care
patients who have some mental impairment ranging up to 80
percent, formerly institutionalized mental patients entering
the long term care system, research demonstrating that
psychopathology originally considered organic is functional
in nature and more amenable to treatment, successful
application of learning theory treatment techniques to
geriatric patients, and judicial decisions establishing
treatment as a right for the mentally ill. A six-step
planning process is outlined for the design of a quality
mental health service program:	(1) define the population to
be served; (2) identify needs through an analysis of the
important characteristics of the defined population; (3)
design objectives to meet identified needs; (4) assign
priorities to objectives so that the most important
objectives receive the most attention; (5) allocate resources
needed to meet objectives based upon an analysis of available
resources; and (6) evaluate the service program to determine
both its efficiency and effectiveness.
Wallinga Jack
Minnesota Oniv., Minneapolis.
Comprehensive Mental Health Planning in a Children's Hospital.
4p 1975 Pub. in Minnesota Medicine p911-914 Dec 75.
An innovative approach to meeting children's total emotional
needs in a pediatric hospital is presented. Minneapolis
Children's Health Center uses a unique approach to permeate
the entire facility with a mental health sensitivity. The
design of the building, its decor and furnishings, and its
policies and procedures are all planned with an awareness for
children's emotional as well as medical needs in mind. An
acute sensitivity to the feelings of siblings and parents is
an integral part of the philosophy. Specific efforts are
directed toward helping children anticipate hospitalization
and surgery, supporting their emotional adjustment during
hospitalization, and helping children and their parents with
residual psychological reactions after they return home. To
minimize the need for hospitalization, outreach, outpatient,
and short stay programs are emphasized. In a comprehensive
program of this type, there are additional opportunities to
detect and institute preventive measures or early
intervention for problems in the child or family which might
otherwise be undetected. The program at Minneapolis
Children's Health Center is designed to meet the needs of
115children at all ages, with emphasis on primary prevention,
environmental appeal, early intervention, staff sensitivity,
staff training, and human ecology.
Wattie Brenda, Berry Bay
What's Happening in Tunney's Pasture:	Reports, Developments
and Future Plans.
Pub. in Canada's Mental Health (Ottawa) v25 nl p2-20 1977.
Westermeyer Joseph, Hausman William
Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis. Dept, of Psychiatry.
Cross Cultural Consultation for Mental Health Planning.
5p 197U Pub. in International Jnl. of Social Psychiatry v20
n1-2 p34-38	197U.
Elements and procedural steps in cross cultural consultation
for mental health planning are explored. Four cases of cross
cultural consultation are cited. The cases emphasize the
ethnicity of the consultant, the consultee, and the target
population. The goal of cross cultural consultation is
identified as the enhanced mental health of a target
population. Programmatic goals for such consultation can be
established following careful scrutiny of a target
population. The establishment of open communication in the
consultation process is stressed. Steps in cross cultural
consultation are delineated. These steps include training in
behavioral sciences, training in social psychiatry,
supervision in consultation, prior cross cultural experience,
and evaluation.
Wolpert Julian, Dear Michael, Crawford Randi
Princeton Oniv., N.J.
Satellite Mental Health Facilities.
12p Aug 7h Pub. in Annals of the Association of American
Geographers v65 nl p24-35 Mar 75.
The tendency for satellite mental health facilities to
congregate in limited areas of major cities is explored in
terms of its impact on the community. It is stated that the
mental health facility planning system uses no specific
locational guidelines. In fact, the rationale for
decentralization of satellite facilities has not been
effectively evaluated. Each set of participants in the
mental health center locational decision process has its own
set of objectives, and the short term resolution of these
multiple objectives frequently compromises the effectiveness
of the delivery system. While the distribution of satellites
is tied to the opportunity to provide care, this distribution
is not ideal with regard to either the social model or
medical model of community mental health- The client group
is often the least significant aspect of the locational
116decision. An analysis is provided of the community mental
health program in California to illustrate the preceding
arguments. The need for a rapid move toward community mental
health programs prompted the granting of a high degree of
local autonomy in return for community cooperation.
Community opposition to the placement of satellite clinics
was directed at the siting of facilities and the introduction
of disabled resident populations into targeted neighborhoods.
Community reservations exist concerning inadequacies in
program planning, implementation, and professional expertise
on all levels.
Yaffe Bettina Hoerlin
State Univ. of New York at Buffalo.
Planning for Children’s Mental Health Services:	A Case Study.
261p 1975 Available from CJniversity Microfilms International,
300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 98106.
A planning effort in Erie County, New York, is reported that
involved a systems approach as a means of arriving at a
definition of child mental health services. Functional
components of a mental health system are identified, their
interrelationships with each other are traced, and functional
components are integrated with other major service systems.
A series of models are constructed to form a comprehensive
design for child mental health services. A task force
representing major public and private agencies was convened
to develop guidelines for children's services in community
mental health centers. Participant observation was the
primary method employed to achieve a holistic perspective on
the task force process. Analysis based on observational data
was supplemented with data from interviews and a comparative
study of a simultaneous planning effort. The task force
effort resulted in a description of the historical, social,
and organizational context of planning for child mental
health services, nationwide trends in the sphere of
children's services, and the existing system in Erie County.
The data gathering activity led to the definition and design
of child mental health services. Recommendations are made to
enhance planning theory and practice. The implications of
the Erie County planning process for other social service
system planning efforts are discussed. Appendixes provide
additional information on the study procedures and data
collection forms. A bibliography is included.
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9. PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES





American Nurses' Association, Kansas City, Bo.
Standards:	Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Practice.
8p 1973 Available from the American Nurses' Association, 2420
Pershing Hd., Kansas City, Missouri 64138, $1.)3.
Standards for psychiatric-mental health nursing practice are
set forth as developed by the Executive Committee and the
Standards Committee of the Division on Psychiatric-Mental
Health Nursing Practice of the American Nurses' Association.
Psychiatric nursing is viewed as a specialized area of
nursing practice employing theories of human behavior as its
scientific aspect and purposeful use of self as its art.
Psychiatric nursing is directed toward preventive and
corrective impacts upon mental illness and is concerned with
promotion of optimal mental health for society, the
community, and individuals and families. The practice of
psychiatric nursing is characterized by those aspects of
clinical nursing care that involve interpersonal
relationships with individuals and groups as well as a
variety of other activities. The standards presented focus
on practice and are stated according to a systematic approach
to nursing practice involving the assessment of the client's
status, the plan of nursing actions, the implementation of
the plan, and evaluation. Standards are provided relative
to:	collection of data; involvement of clients in their
nursing care programs; utilization of the problem-solving
approach in developing nursing care plans; purposes of health
teaching; goal-directed utilization of activities of daily
living; knowledge of somatic therapies and related clinical
skills; structuring of the environment to offer a therapeutic
milieu; nursing participation on interdisciplinary teams; use
of psychotherapeutic interventions; appropriate preparation
and recognition of accountability for practice; participation
in community activities aimed at promoting mental health;
provision of learning experiences for other nursing
personnel; responsibility for continuing educational and
professional development; and contributions made through
innovations in theory and practice and through participation
in research. Each standard is accompanied by related
rationale and an outline of assessment factors.
American Psychological Association, yashington, D.C.
Standards for Providers of Psychological Services.
lOp 1975 Pub. in American Psychologist v30 n6 p685-694 Jun
75.
A task force was created in 1970 to plan and implement
activities pertaining to the formulation and publication of
standards that would improve the quality and accessibility of
psychological services. Five basic principles guided the
work of the task force:	(1) There should be a single set of
standards covering all psychologists in all human service
settings. (2) There should be a single set of standards
governing the provision of psychological services in both
121private and public sectors. (3) Psychologists qualified to
provide autonomous services in all settings should be defined
at the doctoral level. (4) Standards must not constrain
psychologists from employing innovative techniques, while
insuring personal accountability for the nature and quality
of services rendered. (5) Standards should recognize and
provide for emerging changes in service delivery patterns.
Implications of the standards are discussed. Provisions of
the standards are interpreted, with major provisions
concerning providers, programs, and accountability.
Blinder Barton J MD, Young William M MD, Fineman Kenneth R
PHD, Miller Stephen J MA
The Children's Psychiatric Hospital Unit in the Community: I.
Concept and Development.
Pub. in the American Journal of Psychiatry v135 n7 p848-51
Jul 1978.
Chappelle Mary L, Scholl Ruth
Osawatomie State Hospital, Kans.
Adapting the Problem-Oriented Medical Record to the
Psychiatric Hospital.
3p 1973 Pub. in Jnl. of American Diatetic Association v63
P643-645 Dec 73.
Grimm William I
National Association of Psychiatric Technology, Sacramento,
Calif.
Major Psycho-Social Problems and the Psychiatric Technician,
139p Jun 70 Available NTIS HRP-0000540/5
The report represents a compilation of presentations made at
the workshops and institutions of the National Association of
Psychiatric Technology. The four problem areas discussed are
drug abuse, alcoholism, crisis intervention and mental
retardation. The plans for expansion in programs in all of
these areas depends a good deal on the development of mental
health manpower to implement the programs; meaning
development of education and training programs, career
ladders and new jobs and specifications. The focus of the
papers in this presentation is on mental health generalists,
and their roles as middle level workers who work with the
client, family or community and all of their problems, rather
than with a special skill or activity. Addendums providing
information on the National Association of Psychiatric
Technology, and a list of additional publications is
included. (NTIS)
122Kramer Morton
Psychiatric Services and the Changing Institutional Scene.
In:	Research on Disorders of the Mind:	Progress and
Prospects. 1977 p53-54.
Available from Div. of Bioiretry and Epidemiology, National
Institute of Mental Health, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Md.
20857.
Lindegard Bengt, Nystroem Sure
Goteborg Univ. (Sweden). Dept, of Social Medicine.
Short-term Psychiatric Care from a Theoretical Planning and
Empirical Point of View.
5p 1974 Pub. in Scandinavian Jnl. of Social Medicine v2 n2
p87-91	1974.
Major factors governing the consumption of psychiatric care
are discussed from a theoretical planning and empirical point
of view. The following factors are identified as governing
the consumption of mental care:	existence of illness,
subjective need for care (demand), and objective need. Since
there is not close relationship between diagnosis and need of
care, it is recommended that the latter be estimated
separately in health planning studies. The inclusion of
mental vulnerability (30 percent of a stratified normal
population) in a health planning program is discussed. The
reason for its inclusion primarily relates to secondary
prevention (for example, crisis intervention) or tertiary
prevention (for example, prophylaxis against recurrences)
and, preferably, also for primary prevention. Figures on the
discrepancy between demand and need are given. This
discrepancy is quantitatively small (6 percent in mental
outpatient data) but qualitatively important. The effect of
health care availability on later demand for care is
demonstrated in a series of emergency patients, 68 percent of
cases being recidivists. The view is favored that the need
for hospital care should be measured stepwise, first among
outpatients in the same specialty and then if possible among
the clientele of general practitioners and in other
specialties. The overlapping nature of mental and physical
symptoms among psychiatric patients is examined.
Liptzin Benjamin
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md. Mental
Health Career Development Program.
Quality Assurance and Psychiatric Practice:	A Review.
4p 1974 Pub. in American Jnl. of Psychiatry v131 n12
p1374-1377 Dec 74.
Peer review in psychiatry is discussed in light of the
imminence of professional standards review organizations
(PSROs) for psychiatric facilities. The major problem
confronted by psychiatry as it considers peer review is that
little work has been done in the area of quality assurance
123for mental care. It observed that, as of August 1972, the
American Psychiatric Association bibliographies on peer
review and utilization review included only three references
from the field of mental health. Between 1972 and 1974, only
one comprehensive and systematic effort to develop methods of
psychiatric patient care evaluation had been undertaken.
Peer review in psychiatry faces difficulties stemming from
inadequate records, lack of agreement on diagnosis, the
limited usefulness of psychiatric diagnosis, wide variations
in criteria for hospitalization and discharge, the complex
nature of the psychotherapy treatment process, and problems
in fitting all mental care to a ‘medical model.' It is
observed that the PSRO legislation has the potential for
improving recordkeeping, focusing treatment on the reason for
hospitalization, leading to greater involvement of the family
and social system in the treatment process and in discharge
planning, improving the continuity of care, and stimulating
medical care research in mental health. Several topics are
suggested for such research, for example:	the thoroughness
of the usual medical workup as part of the diagnostic process
for psychiatric inpatients and outpatients; the definition of
high-risk groups for whom tests such as the
electroencephalogram or endocrine function studies might be
useful; and the relationship between the amount of time spent
working with a patient*s family and the length of patient
stay and rate of readmission.
Myers Evelyn S, Scheidemandel Patricia L, Reed Louis S
American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.
Health Insurance and Psychiatric Care:	Utilization and Cost.
U23p 1972 Available from Publications and Sales Department,
American Psychiatric Association, 1700 18th Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20009.
Data on the utilization and cost of care for mental
conditions under health insurance are presented and discussed
in an effort to assist purchasers of insurance, insurance
organizations, the general public, the psychiatric
profession, and other interested parties in determining what
benefits for mental conditions should be provided under
health insurance. Utilization data were obtained on more
than 40 private health insurance plans or organizations as
well as on Medicare, other public programs in the United
States, and Canadian programs of hospital and medical service
insurance. At the end of 1969, over 63 percent of the
civilian population of the United States had some private
health insurance coverage of hospital care for mental
conditions, and more than 38 percent had some coverage of
outpatient psychiatric care. Medicare, which covers almost
all of the aged population, provides coverage for inpatient
and outpatient care of mental conditions. Although most
insurance programs cover mental illness, the coverage often
is more limited than that provided for other conditions,
particularly in regard to ambulatory care. Available data
124indicate that hospital care for mental conditions in all
types of hospitals for up to 365 days per admission can be
provided for a representative working population for about
$4.50 per covered person (at 1969 hospital cost levels).
Physicians* inhospital service for these patients, again at
1969 fee levels, would cost about 63 to 73 cents per covered
person. Major medical coverage of outpatient psychiatric
care at 1969 fee levels, at 80 percent of charges after a
deductible of $109, would cost about $2.15 per covered
person. Limited first - dollar coverage of outpatient
psychiatric care, as under the United Auto Workers and Group
Health Insurance (New York City) programs, had benefit costs
in 1970 ranging from $1.80 to $2.40 per covered person.
Under several group practice plans providing different
degrees of coverage for outpatient psychiatric care, the
number of visits to the psychiatric department generally was
about three to four percent of the total visits to physicians
for all conditions. Conclusions regarding the feasibility of
insurance coverage for psychiatric services are offered.
Supporting data are included.
Neff Halter S
New York Univ., N.Y. Dept, of Psychology.
Behabilitation Psychology.
331p 1971 Available from American Psychological Association,
1200 17th St., NW, Washington, DC 20036.
Papers commissioned for a national conference on the
psychological aspects of disability, held in Monterey,
California in October 1970, are presented as revised by
discussions at the conference. The volume also includes an
assessment of the state of the art of rehabilitation
psychology as of 1971. The papers cover the following
topics:	cognitive and motor aspects of handicapping
conditions in the neurologically impaired; physical
disability and personality; behavioral methods in
rehabilitation; rehabilitation and work; the social
psychology of disability; rehabilitation and poverty; race,
ethnicity, socially disadvantaged populations, and
rehabilitation; professional - client relations in a
rehabilitation hospital setting; research utilization in
rehabilitation; the roles and functions of rehabilitation
psychologists; and psychologists in rehabilitation (manpower
and training). The two closing chapters, written by members
of the conference planning committee, offer an overview of
the development of rehabilitation psychology, assess the
status of the field, and suggest future directions. Lists of
references are included.
125Plan for Minimizing Psychiatric Casualities in a Disaster.
4p 1974 Pub. in Hospital and Community Psychiatry v25 n10
p665-668 Oct 74.
A plan developed by South Carolina’s Columbia Area Mental
Health Center in cooperation with the local office of civil
defense was designed to deal with psychiatric casualties in
the event of a disaster. The plan calls for the center to
operate as an information and communication center on
disaster casualties, to provide a site for reuniting families
and a haven for uninjured survivors, and to give immediate
counseling or treatment to those in distress or shock. The
plan is highly flexible and can be revised as needed by a
team of mental health center staff members who are in charge
of operations at the center. Once the plan is activated by
the civil defense office, the mental health center stays in
constant communication with the office by telephone or radio.
A control center team coordinates the work of center staff
and relays information to the civil defense office. If
reguested, a staff member from the center is sent immediately
to a disaster site and classifies uninjured survivors who are
transferred to the mental health center. A psychiatric nurse
is sent to each activated hospital emergency room in the
disaster area. Mass media are notified as soon as the plan
is activated. Counselors are available to assess therapeutic
needs, and a team is also available to arrange for emergency
utilities, food, supplies, and technical assistance. The
center’s involvement has stimulated requests for consultation
and training from other agencies, and extensive publicity for
the plan has increased awareness among agency personnel and
the general public on the concept of prevention in mental
health.
Rubin Eli Z
Northeast Guidance Center, Detroit, Mich.
Psycho-Educational Model for School Mental Health Planning.
5p 1970 Pub. in Jnl. of School Health v40 n9 p489-493 Nov
70.
Based on the premise that maladjusted behavior in a child may
result when the individual has a deficit in adaptive skills
and is stressed by environmental demands, a 'social
competence* model is suggested as an alternative to
traditional approaches to preventive programs for emotionally
disturbed children. Traditionally, disturbed adjustment is
viewed as stemming from intrapsychic conflicts and anxiety,
being environmentally determined, and impairing the
individual's coping abilities. The alternative approach
looks for the causes of maladjustment in the immediate
situation, examining the child for evidence of impairments in
coping skills and examining the home and school for the
degree of stress they are imposing. Effectiveness in
functioning in school is emphasized as a measure of the
individual's ability ultimately to function in society. The
126alternative approach emphasizes the role of the school in
planning appropriate early programs that adapt to individual
differences in cognitive, perceptual, and motor skills.
Screening emphasis shifts away from evaluation of global I.Q.
and of intrapsychic factors to the measurement of ego
adaptive skills involved in information processing, cognitive
integration, and motor and language performance. In a
discussion of identification and screening methods for
children in early grades, it is emphasized that in a high
percentage of cases the immediate causative factors
predisposing a child to maladjustment are the limited
cognitive - motor skills. In the presence of environmental
stress factors, these children appear 'emotionally disturbed'
demonstrating many of the same behavior symptoms as the
child who does not have cognitive - motor dysfunction but who
has experienced environmental rejection or stress. Use of
the 'social competence' model by school workers to identify
high-risk subjects at an early age is discussed.
Ryback Ralph S
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
Problem Oriented Record in Psychiatry and Mental Care.
200p 1974 Available from Grune and Stratton, Inc., 111 Fifth
Ave., New York, N.Y. 10003, $14.25.
Application of the problem-oriented record (POR) in mental
health care delivery settings is described in handbook
format. The opening chapter summarizes the ways in which the
POR can help to reduce or eliminate the difficulties inherent
in nine traditional approaches to psychiatric record keeping,
and outlines some of the difficulties involved in
implementing POR in psychiatry. Individual chapters are
devoted to the following aspects of POE:	data base
components; problem formulation; treatment plans; follow-up
data; staff education for chart review and audit procedures;
the mental health team and the POR; likely sources of
resistance to changes in method; special applications of the
POR, including an alcoholism treatment unit, a problem
oriented office practice of psychotherapy and general
psychiatry, and psychiatric consultation in a general
hospital setting; computer applications of POR as exemplified
by the Multi-State Information System based at Rockland State
Hospital, Orangeburg, New York, and the Missouri Standard
System of Psychiatry; FOR and Professional Standards Review
Organizations and utilization review, confidentiality; and a
problem oriented case history. Appended materials include:
lists of standardized problems developed by the Multi-State
and Missouri projects; examples of problem lists and problem
planning sheets; a worksheet for the formulation of a problem
list from a short data base; and several examples of special
data bases. Examples include a base for admission of
geriatric patients to a psychiatric hospital, a psychosocial
data base for obstetrics / gynecology, a city's drug
treatment program methadone clinic data base, a minimum data
127base for child psychiatry, a screening data base for
prisoners admitted to a city jail, and a data base used by a
private psychiatric clinic. Samples of forms and
questionnaires are presented.
South Central Connecticut Comprehensive Health Planning, Inc.,
New Haven. Milford - Orange Health Planning Committee.
Adult Psychiatric Services for Milford - Orange. A Report on
Needs and Recommendations for Action at the Local Level.
1 12p Feb 73 Available NTIS HRP-0012128
Adult mental health services available in the south central
Connecticut communities of Milford and Orange are identified,
levels of utilization and community needs are reviewed, and a
plan of action is presented in a report of the Milford -
Orange Health Planning Committee. Resources and needs are
examined in the areas of aftercare services, emergency and
precare services, outpatient services, and alcoholism
services. The report identifies distance from mental health
services available in New Haven, Connecticut as the single
most important factor preventing residents of Milford and
Orange from receiving the services they require- Comparisons
with communities similar to Milford and Orange but closer to
mental health service facilities support this conclusion. It
is recommended that an outpatient psychiatric clinic be
established in the City of Milford to provide after care,
outpatient, emergency psychiatric, and alcoholism counseling
and treatment services to the residents of Milford and
Orange. It is projectd that 400 to 500 people will use the
clinic during its first operational year, and that location
of the clinic within the heart of its service area will
significantly reduce obstacles to obtaining needed care.
Joint sponsorship for administration of the clinic by the
Milford Hospital and the Milford Family and Child Guidance
Clinic is recommended, as is the establishment of a permanent
advisory committee consisting of representatives from various
community groups and organizations. The clinic, as planned,
will develop linkages with existing facilities so that
24-hour service can be provided. Total costs for the clinic,
including space, equipment, and staff, are estimated at
$113,000 to $125,000 per year. It is recommended that
funding assistance be sought from the State Department of
Mental Health to support the outpatient psychiatric services
and alcoholism program. Appended to the report are a
glossary, tabular data, and a detailed inventory of
psychiatric services available to Milford - Orange residents.
128Watson Charles G
Veterans Administration Hospital, St. Cloud, Minn.
Psychology Research Service.
Inpatient Care or Outplacement:	Which is Better for the
Psychiatric Medically Infirm Patient.
6p 1976 Pub. in Jnl. of Gerontology v31 n5 p611-616	1976.
The therapeutic effectiveness of psychiatric hospital
geriatric wards and outplacement facilities was compared
using samples randomly assigned to inpatient and outplacement
planning groups for 1-year periods. Subjects for the
comparison study included 84 male patients at the Veterans'
Administration Hospital in St. Cloud, Minn., between 1971 and
1974. The inpatient group included 25 men with primary
diagnoses indicating brain damage, 14 schizophrenics, 1
mental retardate, 1 alcohol addict, and 1 psychotic
depressive. The outplacement group was composed of 31 men
with primary diagnoses involving brain damage, 9
schizophrenics, 1 psychotic depressive, and 1 man with manic
- depressive psychosis. Evaluations were conducted in the
areas of medical condition, self-care, behavior ratings of
nurses, and patient morale. Statistical analysis techniques
were employed to compare the therapeutic effectiveness of the
two types of facilities. No differential changes were
observed during the course of the study between the inpatient
and outplacement groups in terms of physical health, level of
self-care, and psychiatric condition. The mean morale score
of the outplacement group, however, improved while the mean
morale score of the inpatient group remained stable. It is
concluded that more emphasis should be placed on outplacement
programs as an effective therapeutic modality for geriatric
patients.
Wolfe Maxine
City Univ. of New York. Graduate School and University
Center.
Room Size, Group Size, and Density. Eehavior Patterns in a
Children's Psychiatric Facility.
26p 1975 Pub. in Environmental and Behavior v7 n2 p199-224
Jun 75.
Factors of the use of bedrooms in a children's psychiatric
facility are discussed, and information is provided on the
behavioral effects of room size, group size, and density on
the planning, design, and administration of residential
psychiatric facilities for children. The children's
psychiatric hospital selected for study was a State facility
designed to provide inpatient care for children ranging in
age from 6 to 16 years. It had residence facilities as well
as a school, areas for occupational therapy, recreation,
diagnosis, and treatment. The building was divided into four
areas:	living, recreational, administrative, and school.
The hospital had programs for both full care and day care
children. In order to study the use of space in the
129hospital, four observation studies were conducted over 2.5
years of the hospital's operation. Bedroom use was evaluated
by three criteria:	(1) percentage of occupied observation
periods; (2) average number of children present when rooms
were occupied; and (3) percentage of room use per child.
During 776 occupied observations, 854 children were observed
in 781 activities. It was concluded that potential density
should not be the main basis for the allotment of space in
residential programming and that private rooms will be used
most often. As the number of children assigned to a room
increased, it was found that use of the room by each child
decreased and, when used, interactive behaviors were lowered.
The unique properties of a two-child group appeared to
require that a two-child bedroom have a larger amount of
space than simply double that of a one-child room. It was
determined that the occurrence of isolated passive behavior
in bedrooms is not necessarily negative when viewed in the
context of the days which are filled with programmed activity
taking place in the presence of others. The smaller private
room or a substantially larger two-person bedroom would seem
to support such behavior under these circumstances.
13010. SPECIAL NEEDS AND PROBLEMSBush James A
Suicide and Blacks:	A Conceptual Framework.
Pub. in Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior v6 n4 p216-22
1976.
Duran Ruben
Chicano Plan for Mental Health.
76p Mar 75 Available NTIS HRP-0013716
Mental health services for Chicanos are examined in relation
to social, economic, and political forces affecting their
family concept. It is felt that mental health problems in a
Chicano community must be approached from a cultural point of
view. The strengthening of the family as a social
institution in the community is recommended to promote mental
health. Factors adversely affecting the mental health of
Chicanos are noted, including inadequate housing,
unemployment, educational neglect, harassment by police,
inadequate social and health care, and inadequate public
assistance. The problems of Chicanos in an urban environment
are discussed. The mental health needs of migrant workers
are assessed, and the prevention of alcoholism and drug abuse
is explored. The extent of the alcohol and drug abuse
problem among Chicanos is analyzed, and supporting tabular
data are provided. The importance of education is stressed
in the promotion of mental health. Legal factors in the
procurement of mental health services are considered.
Criteria for evaluating services are presented, and areas for
additional action are suggested. A list of persons who
participated in the plan is appended.
Jessen Peter
Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration,
Rockville, Md.
Serving Mental Health Needs of the Aged through Volunteer
Services.
18p 1975 Available from the Superintendent of Documents,
Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, Order
number 017-724-07478-2.
The role of volunteers in local mental health program
operations is examined in a booklet intended for use by
potential volunteers, individuals involved in the provision
of mental health services, and administrators and volunteer
directors who plan programs for the elderly. Differences in
the use of elderly volunteers, nonelderly volunteers, and
administrators and program directors of volunteer programs
are noted. They relate to stage in the life cycle, lifestyle
preferences, and socioeconomic groups. Four stages in the
administration of a volunteer service are identified:
recruiting, training, placing, and retaining and accounting.
Potential services that volunteers can perform are listed.
Directions for volunteers and volunteer organizations at the
133social service level are discussed. Particular attention is
given to involving the elderly in volunteer services, the
role of the elderly in effecting social change, personal
attitudes and volunteer programming, and volunteerism in a
pluralistic society. Checklists for the evaluation of
volunteer programs and for questions of attitude are
provided. A suggested reading list is included.
Kelty Edward J
Is Services Integration Dangerous to your Mental Health?
Pub. in Evaluation v3 n1-2 p139-41,159 1976.
Kramer Morton
National Inst, of Mental Health, Rockville, Md. Office of
Program Planning and Evaluation.
Some Perspectives on the Role of Biostatistics and
Epidemiology in the Prevention and Control of Mental
Disorders.
63p 1973 Available NTIS HRP-')793937
The increasing need for statistical and epidemiological data
on mental disorders is discussed by the chief of the Biometry
Branch, Office of Program Planning and Evaluation, National
Institute of Mental Health. It is noted that considerable
progress has been made in the past 25 years in development of
statistics on patterns of use of psychiatric facilities and
on application of statistical and epidemiological methods to
planning and evaluation of mental health services. However,
much remains to be done to develop systematic, comparative
morbidity statistics on the incidence, duration, and
prevalence of mental disorders in the population, on the
134needs for mental health services, on the effectiveness of
efforts to prevent disorders when possible, and to reduce the
amount of disability caused by those illnesses that cannot be
prevented or terminated. Emphasis is placed on the need for
establishment of several field research units to design and
implement research for determining the extent to which
community mental health programs are affecting the level of
disability from mental disorders at the catchment area level.
Illustrations of the role of biostatistics in the control of
mental disorders are offered, including historical studies of
patterns of use of psychiatric facilities, development of
models to elucidate interrelationships of various morbidity
indexes, stimulation of research on diagnostic comparability,
and application and development of statistical methods (e.g.,
life table techniques) to special problem solution. An
eight-page bibliography is included. Portions of this
document are not fully legible.
Minnesota State Planning Agency, St. Paul. Comprehensive
Health Planning Program.
Behavioral Disabilities:	A Recommended Policy for Minnesota.
Report of the Task Force on Behavioral Disabilities.
28p 15 Dec 71 Available NTIS HRP-0304398
Twenty specific recommendations for preventing and dealing
with behavioral disabilities are presented by the Task Force
on Behavioral Disabilities to the Comprehensive Health
Planning Program of the Minnesota State Planning Agency.
Directed toward various State and local agencies, the
recommendations are aimed at minimizing the occurrence of
socio - emotional disorders and social dysfunctioning
including mental illness, mental retardation, inebriacy and
related problems, and assuring access to appropriate
therapies as needed. The report suggests that the State
Planning Agency coordinate the planning offices of the
departments of Health, Welfare, Corrections, Education, and
Public Safety around their joint and overlapping
responsibilities. Increased emphasis should be placed on
planning for behavioral disabilities at the regional level.
Individual recommendations are made to the departments of
Public Welfare, Corrections, and Education, and to private
agencies concerned with mental health, retarded children, and
alcohol problems. Regional planning and organization should
include representatives of the private community mental
health and social services agencies, law enforcement agencies
and judicial systems, and education and vocational
rehabilitation programs. Footnotes are included and
appendices present data on program targets and strategies, a
model for causes of deviant 'careers1, and a three-page
bibliography.
135Morrill William A
Services Integration and the Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare.
Pub. in Evaluation v3 nl-2 p52-55 1976.
Neumann Hans H
Psychiatry's Own Identity Crisis:	Myths in Mental Health
Planning.
Pub. in Connecticut Medicine vUO n1 p37-40 1976.
Rappaport Herbert
The Tenacity of Folk Psychotherapy:	A Functional
Interpretation.
Pub. in Social Psychiatry (Berlin) v12 n3 p127-32 1977.
Schulberg Herbert C, Becker Alvin, McGrath Mark
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Dept, of Psychiatry.
Planning the Phasedown of Mental Hospitals.
17p 1976 Pub. in Community Mental Health Jnl. v12 n1 p3-12
1976.
The efforts of Massachusetts mental health professionals and
citizens to consider factors in planning for the future role
of mental hospitals are reviewed, and optimal patterns for
community mental health programs are suggested. It is noted
that the 'crisis' concerning the future of mental hospitals
stems from the questionable ability of these institutions to
serve as treatment centers with contemporary functions, from
the plateau in governmental spending for mental health
services, impending as of spring 1976, and from the growing
willingness of many communities to treat mental illness
within local settings. In light of these factors, the
Massachusetts Mental Hospital Planning Project addressed
itself to the following matters:	identification of the needs
of persons being treated in mental hospitals and of ways in
which these needs can be met; the feasibility of providing a
full spectrum of mental health services within each catchment
area; and the validity of the concept of a State hospital
backup facility. It was concluded that the needs of patients
being treated in mental hospitals are met better via
community-based services, as they become available, than by
services provided in State hospitals. Consequently, public
mental hospitals should be phased down over a 5-year period,
and their funds should be redeployed to community services.
Among factors affecting the success of such a program shift
are continuity of care for discharged patients, community
acceptance of the mentally ill, and redeployment of personnel
to community facilities. Procedures for minimizing the
problems potentially associated with each of these factors
are suggested.
136Sieder Violet M, Califf Charlotte J
National Council for Homemaker - Home Health Aide Services,
Inc., New York.
Homemaker - Home Health Aide Services to the Mentally 111 and
Emotionally Disturbed:	A Monograph.
92p 1976 Available from National Council for Homemaker - Home
Health Aide Services, Inc., 67 Irving Place, New York, NY
10003.
The study reported in this monograph explores ways in which
homemaker - home health aide services have proved effective
in prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of the mentally
ill and emotionally disturbed and considers problems involved
in service delivery, administration, finance and community
relations. The study includes a review of the literature,
preparation and analysis of two questionnaires designed to
obtain information about the operations of programs sponsored
by two types of organizations (local planning and
fund-raising agencies affiliated with the United Hay, State
departments of mental health); a field visit to a Maine
agency which offers a model of service with a specific focus
on mental and emotional problems; and telephone interviews
with ten agencies. Other topics include the history and
development of homemaker services in the O.S.; international
programs; research studies and projects; financial resources;
and administrative implications in the delivery of services,
with an emphasis on those factors affecting service to the
mentally ill and emotionally disturbed. Among the report*s
conclusions are that such services are insufficient in number
and resources to meet demand, and that responsibility for the
services should be centered in a special program, department,
or coordinator within the agency. Recommendations are
offered in the area of social policy issues, administrative
issues, and research issues. A bibliography is provided.
Simon Gottlieb
Mental Health Study Hits Snags.
Pub. in APA Monitor v8 n8 p8,13 1977.
Solon Jerry A, Amthor Rebecca P, Rabb Margaret Y, Shelley
James C
National Inst, on Aging, Bethesda, Md.
Linking Young and Old Institutionalized People.
8p 1976 Pub. in Public Health Reports v92 n1 p57-64 Jan-Feb
77.
A program in which nursing home residents engaged in
volunteer activities with youngsters from a State mental
retardation center is described. The concept underlying the
program is that the problems of institutional isolation can
be ameliorated through linkages between young people and
older people. Staff members from the participating nursing
home and State facility, together with representatives of the
137University of North Carolina School of Public Health, planned
the pilot implementation of the program. Nursing home and
State facility residents were recruited and oriented, and a
series of alternating 2-hour visits was initiated. At the
nursing home, promotional efforts centered on the opportunity
for residents to serve as foster grandparents to mentally
retarded children. The five children selected initially for
the program were not severely retarded and had no serious
behavior problems. Activities were largely planned and
included picnics, table games, taking, walking and talking,
and reading aloud. The visits became increasingly popular
with nursing home residents and were enjoyed by the children
from the start, Some problems in recruiting nursing home
residents for the program are thought to have arisen from not
giving the residents enough time to become accustomed to the
idea of interacting with the children. The pilot program
proved successful for the children, for the elderly
volunteers, and, indirectly through a ’ripple effect,' for
other nursing home residents.
South Central Connecticut Regional Mental Health Planning
Council, Inc., New Haven.
Proposal to the New Haven Foundation for Transition Toward a
Decentralized Mental Health System in South Central
Connecticut.
2hp 26 Jun 74 Available NTIS HRP-0012122
A proposal for a decentralized mental health system in South
Central Connecticut is described. The South Central Region
includes New Haven and 12 surrounding towns and cities. The
proposal requested funding by the New Haven Foundation in
Connecticut in the amount of $36,977 for the period between
August 1, 197h and July 30, 1975. It was felt that favorable
action on the request for funding would insure the orderly
transition of the work of the Mental Health Planning Council
of South Central Connecticut into a new regionalized mental
health system as outlined in Connecticut's Mental Health
Services Act of 197h, and that the funding would insure the
implementation of needed decentralized mental health services
on a short term basis. Information on the Mental Health
Planning Council and its operation is provided. Projects
included in the proposal for a decentralized mental health
system are noted. Three projects are described in detail:
(1) a planning and evaluation process for a precare and
aftercare system in the South Central Region; (2) development
of an East Shore area services and coordinating center; and
(3) training for council members. Cost data are tabulated.
Tallon James R Jr, Creasey Daniel F, O'Brien James J
NY-Penn Health Planning Council, Inc., Binghamton.
Mental Health Component NY-Penn Area Health Data Series,
50p Apr 73 Available NTIS PB-255 790/8
The purpose of the report is to describe the mental health
138problems and needs indicated in a survey of the NY-Penn area.
This study is part of the NY-Penn Health Data Series and is
based on data from the NY-Penn Community Health Survey.
Following a discussion of the Community Health Survey, the
report examines five mental health or mental health related
areas: alcohol problems, marital problems, mental or
emotional problems, mental retardation, and the use of drugs
and narcotics. How the community residents perceive the
problems and the ways they respond to them are discussed.
Finally, information is presented concerning community
residents* perceptions of mental health problems and of the
additional mental health resources they feel are needed.
Westermeyer Joseph
Erosion of Indian Mental Health in Cities.
Pub. in Minnesota Medicine v59 n6 pU29,U31-33 1976.
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STATE AND REGIONAL PLANNING


■Comprehensive Health Planning Council of South Florida, Inc.,
Miami.
Mental Health Plan for Dade County with Future Projections.
122p Jan 73 Available NTIS HRP-0007521
Based on the findings of the Mental Health Planning Committee
of the Dade County Mental Health Consortium, a mental health
plan for the County is presented, including short-range
(1973-1974) priorities and long-range (1974-1980) goals. The
document includes a description of the Committee*s study
approach, a summary of findings with regard to specific
problem areas and funding, observations, a statement of goals
and principles accompanied by a model for a mental health
system, and recommendations. It was found that the delivery
of mental health services in Dade County as of January 1973
represented a fragmented, non-system which reached a minority
of those in need. Specific problems are identified in the
areas of geriatric services, children under age 13,
individuals in trouble with the law, services for teenagers,
and payment of mental health services. Appended materials
include data from site visits, socioeconomic and mental
health agencies data, a description of Dade County and
catchment area data, a description of the Citizens
Information Service, and programs and budgets considered for
recommended mental health-related projects. Portions of this
document are not fully legible.
Genesee Region Health Planning Council, Rochester, N.Y.
Regional Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Alcoholism
Plan.
544p Aug 75 Available NTIS HRP-0011553
Individual county plans for mental health, mental
retardation, and alcoholism are presented for the 13 counties
comprising the Genesee Region of New York. Plans are
included for Chemung County, the Finger Lakes area (Ontario,
Seneca, Wayne, and Yates counties), Monroe County, Orleans
County, Schuyler County, and Steuben County. Each county*s
plan includes a description of the county, a discussion of
planning methodology, a review of resources for mental
health, mental retardation, and alcoholism services, and
recommendations for the development of these services. Among
the service components for which most of the plans set forth
goals, identify resources and problems, and offer
recommendations are central information and referral; 24-hour
crisis intervention; diagnosis and evaluation; habilitation,
rehabilitation, and functional maintenance; residential
services; and central and support services. The individual
county plans represent the efforts of subcommittees of the
county comprehensive health planning committees. These
subcommittees included both community and provider
representation. The county plans reflect the planning
guidelines set forth by the Genesee Region Health Planning
Council and are the basis on which the regional plan is built.
143Genesee Region Health Planning Council# Rochester# N.Y.
Regional Mental Health, dental Retardation# and Alcoholism
Plan.
59p Aug 75 Available NTIS HRP-0011552
A plan for improving the delivery of mental health# mental
retardation and alcoholism services in the Genesee Region of
New York is presented. The Genesee Region, a 10-count.y area
of western New York# includes two Standard Metropolitan
Statistical Areas (Rochester and Elmira). Industry and
manufacturing dominate the region's economy. The plan opens
with recommendations concerning the initiation of a process
to design a realistic planning, funding, and policymaking
system for mental hygiene services in the region; the
undertaking of a pilot study of need for inpatient
psychiatric beds and of alternatives to inpatient psychiatric
care in one county; the creation of a task force to assist
counties in the development of community-based transitional
services; exploration of the feasibility of establishing a
mental hygiene data bank for the region; the focusing of
attention on alcoholism services, particularly those directed
to adolescents; review of transportation-related access
problems relative to all health services; and development of
training and education programs for citizens and mental
hygiene staff. The regional plan includes demographic data
and an overview of health resources in the region; the
region's planning guidelines for mental hygiene; an overview
of Federal, State, county, and voluntary agencies with
relevant planning responsibilities in the region; and a
similar overview of the mental health service delivery system
in the region. Individual county plans are appended in a
separate volume.
Illinois State Dept, of Mental Health and Developmental
Disabilities, Springfield. Mental Health Planning Board.
Comprehensive Planning for Mental Health in Illinois.
118p Mar 75 Available NTIS HBP-3 104102
A report by the Illinois Mental Health Planning Board on
comprehensive community-based mental health planning in the
State is provided. Five goals of mental health planning are
delineated; (1) create a system that is physically able to
offer appropriate services to the mentally ill and others
affected; (2) develop a system for giving attention to
specific individual problems, with personnel providing
maximum prognosis for success; (3) support a layered system,
with the State designing methods of community participation
in service delivery; (4) enter into research basic to the
ultimate understanding and reduction of problems associated
with the mentally ill; and (5) place comprehensive authority
in an agency of the State while working to define the
ultimate roles of the State, the private sector# and the
community. The statute creating the Illinois Mental Health
Planning Board and defining its powers and duties is included
in the report# as is a 1963 - 1975 summary of Federal
144legislation affecting mental health. Comprehensive mental
health planning activities of the board between 1961 and 1975
are reviewed. Consideration is given to activities for
developmental disabilities planning, mental health ombudsman
proposal for Illinois, and third-party payment for mental
health professionals. Additional information is appended on
service objectives for mental health delivery, legislation on
mental health, and the reports of meetings on the delivery of
mental health services.
Kochen Manfred
Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor. Mental Health Research Inst.
Hypothesis Processing as a New Tool to Aid Managers of Mental
Health Agencies in Serving Long-Term Regional Interests.
14p Jun 75 Pub. in International Jnl. of Eio-Medical
Computing v6 nh p299-312 1975.
I 'i :
A systems approach to formulating policies to serve a
region's long-term mental health interests is described. The
approach takes the form of a collection of medical
information systems combined with the processing and use of
hypotheses to stimulate question-asking, to improve
management, and to foster attitudes of sharing. It is
pointed out that an important goal of regional mental health
planning is to identify and serve the region's general
long-term interests. Planners who must identify and plan
toward those interests are motivated primarily by shorter
term self-interests. Innovative information systems make it
possible to increase the number of cases in which a region's
longer term interest is served withour any radical changes in
existing planning processes. Such systems can increase
planners' awareness about their own assumptions and
hypotheses and the problem representations on which their
planning is based. The conceptual and technological bases
for developing such systems stem from progress in the area of
hypothesis-processing algorithms. The application of
hypothesis-processing tools to mental health planning is
proposed. Theoretical examples demonstrate how use of an
appropriate hypothesis-processing information system in the
mental health planning context will increase the probability
that each of three conditions — interest articulation,
interest consensus, and exectuve authorization — will be met.
Linton Ren
Linton and Co., Inc., Washington, E.C.
An Analysis of the Effect of State Departments of Human
Resources on Selected Health Resources
Administration/National Institute of Mental Health Programs.
Georgia Case Study.
82p 15 Oct 76 Available NTIS PB-259 221/0
Contents: State government perspective (Reorganization,
Description of the state HRA/NIMH programs) ; Local service
perspective; Impact of state organization on local programs;
145Perceived effect of P.L. 93-641 and Title XX; Effects of
state reorganization on the HRA/NIMH. (NTIS)
Linton Ron
Linton and Co., Inc., Washington, D.C.
An Analysis of the Effect of State Departments of Human
Resources on Selected Health Resources
Administration/National Institute of Mental Health Programs.
Wisconsin Case Study.
117p 15 Oct 76 Available NTIS PE-259 222/8
Contents: State government perspective (Reorganization,
Description of the six state HRA/NIMH programs); Local
service perspective; Impact of state organization on local
programs; Perceived effect of P.L. 93-641 and Title XX;
Effects of state reorganization on the HRA/NIMH
programs(Organizational structure. Funding, Staffing, Role of
health professionals. Relationships between programs. The
•personality factor'. Federal initiatives). (NTIS)
Linton Ron
Linton and Co., Inc., Washington, D.C.
An Analysis of the Effect of State Departments of Human
Resources on Selected Health Resources
Administration/National Institute of Mental Health Programs.
Arizona Case Study.
86p 15 Oct 76 Available NTIS PB-259 219/4
Contents: State government perspective (Reorganization,
Description of the six state HRA/NIMH programs); Local
service perspective; Impact on state organization on local
programs; Perceived effect of P.L. 93-641 and Title XX;
Effects of state reorganization on the six HRA/NIMH
programs (Organizational structure. Funding, Staffing, Role of
health professionals. Relationships between programs. The
•personality factor*. Federal initiatives). (NTIS)
Linton Ron
Linton and Co., Inc., Washington, D.C.
An Analysis of the Effect of State Departments of Human
Resources on Selected Health Resources
Administration/National Institute of Mental Health Programs.
Summary Report: Comparative Analysis of the Pilot States:
Wisconsin, Massachusetts, Georgia and Arizona.
104p 15 Oct 76 Available NTIS PB-259 218/6
Contents: Description of the four pilot States (Wisconsin,
Georgia, Massachusetts, Arizona); Levels of State
consolidation and significant factors in consolidation and
reorganization; (State organizational configurations.
Significant factors in consolidation and reorganization.
Relative attainment of consolidation objectives) ; Study
objectives—a cross-state comparison; (Changes in
146relationships between and among the HRA/NIMH programs and
other human services programs and governmental entities.
Changes in structure, process and product of the six HRA/NIMH
programs. Effect of the HRA/NIMH programs on the DHE, Effect
of P.L. 93-641 and Title XX on the DHR and Through the DHR
on the Six Programs); Conclusions. (NIIS)
Linton Ron
Linton and Co., Inc., Washington, D.C.
An Analysis of the Effect of State Departments of Human
Resources on Selected Health Resources
Administration/National Institute of Mental Health Programs.
Recommendations for Modification of the Research Design.
41p 15 Oct 76 Available NTIS PB-259 217/8
The purpose of the research effort was to collect information
on and analyze the current and potential interrelationships
between the Health Resources Administration and other
selected Federal Health Programs and State Departments of
Human Resources (DHR). The study explored a number of
pertinent issues relating to changes in organization, program
development and services delivery of HRA-aided programs under
State Departments of Human Resources. Six HRA/NIMH-aided
state programs were selected for analysis: Hill-Burton
Program, Comprehensive Health Planning, Regional Medical
Programs, Cooperative Health Statistics System, Community
Mental Health Centers, and State Psychiatric Hospitals. Data
were gathered by interview in 12 states reflecting a cross
section of states where health programs were in a DHR, where
health programs were not in a DHR, and in states that had no
DHR. A pilot test was conducted in four states—Wisconsin,
Arizona, Georgia and Massachusetts— to test the research
design and suggest modifications in the methodology and data
collection instruments. (NTIS)
Maryland Dept, of Health and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore.
State of Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
Five Year Plan, Fiscal Years 1978-1982.
706p 1976 Available NTIS HRP-0013065
A five-year plan covers fiscal years 1978 through 1982 for
Maryland's Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. The
department is charged with the responsibility for providing
or monitoring health, mental health, juvenile, and related
services to the people of Maryland. Major components of the
plan for the department relate to the construction of
residential facilities, certification of residential
facilities, facility utilization policies, reorganization,
and local health services. Operating units are established
in the plan for the Office of the Secretary of the Department
of Health and Mental Hygiene for medical care programs, and
for preventive medicine, laboratory, aged and chronically ill
services, environmental health, drug anuse, mental hygiene
and mental retardation, and juvenile services administration.
147Seven goals of the department's plan are identified:	(1)
increase the number of individuals who are able to attain a
level of self-sufficiency by receiving services in a home or
community environment; (2) decrease premature mortality,
preventable morbidity, handicapping conditions, and
delinquency; (3) provide needed health services to high
dependency population groups not adequately served; (4)
maintain the highest quality of care within the department's
hospital and residential facilities and meet accepted
standards; (5) upgrade the quality and effectiveness of the
department's management, planning, information systems,
program evaluation, organizational relationships, and cost
savings; (6) achieve short term and long term improvements in
the health service delivery system as a whole; and (7)
improve the organization, management, accountability, and
funding structure of local health services. The plan
identifies specific priorities in relation to the seven
goals:	community programs supporting deinstitutionalization,
environmental health, quality of care in hospital and
residential programs, high impact preventive health programs,
and the improvement of departmental management and health
delivery systems. Funding data for the plan are provided.
Maryland State Dept, of Health and Mental Hygiene, Ealtimore.
State of Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
Plan for Fiscal Years 1977 - 1981.
386p 1975 Available NTIS HRP-0905895
An update of the Fiscal Year 1976-1989 State Health Plan for
Maryland is presented for FY 1977-1981. Following an
executive summary and introductory information. Chapter III
examines conditions, trends, and projections for Maryland,
including a population and health profile of the State and
overviews of the manpower and facilities situation. Chapter
IV discusses policy directions of the Department of Health
and Mental Hygiene, and includes statements of Department
mission, goals, and policy. Chapter V presents detailed unit
plans, most of which incorporate a summary, a statement of
objectives, discussions of current trends, and notices of
proposed program changes. The following units are included:
Office of the Secretary; Local Health and Professional
Support Administration; Preventive Medicine Adminstration;
Medical Care Programs; Laboratories Administration;
Administration for Services to the Aging and Chronically 111;
Environmental Health Administration; Emergency Medical
Services; Drug Abuse Administration; Mental Hygiene
Administration; Mental Retardation Administration;
Comprehensive Health Planning Agency; Health Services Cost
Review Commission; Juvenile Services Administration; and
Developmental Disabilities Commission. Chapter VI presents
the implementation program, including department priorities
and funding proposals. An outline of the approach to program
evaluation is provided in the closing chapter. As noted in
the executive summary, some of the more significant aspects
of the plan relate to potential financing problems for the
148Medical Assistance Program; need for modification of the Case
Formula for local health services; malpractice insurance;
need for additional funding for the kidney disease program
and for a treatment center at the University of Maryland
School of Medicine; Federal funding changes; and the Federal
Health Planning Act. Portions of this document are not fully
legible.
McCarthy Cathy, Pelofsky Brenda, Vicklund Bichard C, Gumby
Rozalind A
Mid-America Comprehensive Health Planning Agency, Kansas
City, Mo.
Mental Health Area-Wide Plan.
159p Mar 76 Available NTIS HRP-0013841
A plan is presented to guide the development of mental health
services within the eight Missouri and Kansas counties served
by the Mid-America Comprehensive Health Planning Agency,
Kansas City, Missouri. The plan is the result of the efforts
of a planning task force consisting of community service
providers and consumers. Task force work groups investigated
outpatient, intermediate, inpatient, and drug and alcohol
services in the planning area through a survey of community
services, and survey data were used in the derivation of the
plan. The plan document opens with major findings from the
survey, followed by a statement of goals and objectives
relative to outpatient care and community mental health
centers, intermediate care, general inpatient psychiatric
services, and drug and alcohol services. Subsequent sections
provide detailed information on needs, costs, staffing and
manpower considerations, demographic characteristics, and
barriers relevant to each of the areas of service. Major
unmet needs are identified for residential treatment centers
for young people; prevention activities, with emphasis on
outreach; specialized programs for the elderly; inpatient
facilities for children and adolescents; halfway house
services for persons returning from State mental
institutions; and efforts to assist the public in identifying
mental health problems and resources. Supporting data and a
copy of the survey instrument are included.
McCarthy Cathy, Pelofsky Brenda, Vicklund Bichard C, Gumby
Rozalind A
Mid-America Comprehensive Health Planning Agency, Kansas
City, Mo.
Mental Health Area-Wide Plan.
t72p Mar 76 Available NTIS HBP-0010345
An areawide mental health plan was developed by the
Mid-America Comprehensive Health Planning Agency in Kansas
City, Missouri. Objectives of the plan are as follows:	(1)
determine the need for services within the mental health care
system; (2) identify problems of accessibility, with proposed
alternative solutions for alleviating problems; (3) develop
149treatment and service delivery standards against which
programs can be assessed; and (4) establish guidelines for
the community in the delivery of an array of mental health
services within a network of interrelated programs and
systems. In order to acquire information needed from which a
plan could be derived, a survey of community services was
undertaken which resulted in specific data on types of mental
health problems treated, use of programs relative to their
capacity, sources of client referral, demographic
characteristics of clients, and program staffing and costs.
The following programs and service providers were included in
the survey; community mental health centers in the region;
outpatient clinics, public health departments, and social
service agencies; psychiatrists in private practice;
psychologists in private practice; intermediate programs; and
inpatient programs. In addition to program surveys, a
separate alcohol and drug survey was conducted. Major survey
findings and plan components are detailed with regard to
outpatient, intermediate care, inpatient, and drug and
alcohol services. Information is appended on survey
procedures, forms, and data. A bibliography is provided.
Missouri State Dept, of Mental Health, Jefferson City.
State Plan for Comprehensive Mental Health Services. Public
Law 93-641, Public Law 93-63.
167p 1 Jul 76 Available NTIS HBP-0013114
Mental health planning in the State of Missouri is discussed,
based on planning efforts made in response to P.L. 94-63 and
J	P.L. 93-641. The overall concept of planning for Missouri's
Department of Mental Health is that the main goal will be
integrated and comprehensive delivery of services will be
conducted on the local level. It is planned that mental
health services, services for alcoholism and drug abuse, and
services for the mentally retarded and developmentally
disabled will be closely coordinated through the department's
facilities and the appointment of district coordinators who
will be responsible for the overall district plan. The
primary value of this plan is its relationship to a State
plan in which the interests and concerns of alcoholism and
drug abuse, mental retardation and developmental
disabilities, and mental health are represented. Services
provided by the Department of Mental Health in Missouri are
illustrated in tabular form, and the uneven distribution of
services is recognized as a major problem. Administrative
aspects in mental health planning are discussed. Missouri's
mental health program is detailed, with an emphasis on
preadmission screening, alternatives to hospitalization,
public mental hospitals, followup care, manpower, standards
of maintenance and operation, and coordination of planning.
The district and catchment area mental health programs of
Missouri are also described with respect to these
characteristics of need — demographic, socioeconomic, and
social problem — and resource characteristics.
150Murray Thomas Edward
Ball State Oniv., Muncie, Ind.
Study of Mental Health Needs in Madison County, Indiana.
166p Jul 74 Available from Oniversity Microfilms
International, 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106.
A study conducted to determine mental health needs in Madison
County, Indiana is reported and recommendations are made that
would assist in planning efforts for a local comprehensive
mental health center. Data were collected from three
sources, which included rating scales of mental health and
statements as completed by professionals and community
leaders, a questionnaire distributed to the general
population on a random countywide basis; and demographic and
statistical information indicating potential needs for mental
health services. Pifty professionals in positions related to
the delivery of mental health services and key community
leaders agreed to participate in one of five group meetings
to discuss mental health needs. A total of 1,000 persons
were randomly selected from registered voters in Madison
County to complete the questionnaire on mental health
attitudes and needs. Those needs determined to be the most
important were provisions for short term commitment for
persons with mental problems, aftercare programs for followup
of psychiatric patients, and increased cooperation and
communication between school systems and local mental health
agencies. The results indicated that only 10 percent of the
sample felt that mental health services provided in 1974 were
adeguate, whereas 65 percent felt comprehensive mental health
services were necessary to meet needs. Demographic and
statistical data indicated the need for expanded mental
health services. It was recommended that planning efforts to
obtain the necessary funds to develop a comprehensive mental
health center in Madison County be continued and extended by
the Comprehensive Mental Health Planning Committee of Madison
County. Detailed information is appended on procedures
adopted for the study, and a bibliography is provided.
Sauber S. Richard
Brown Univ., Providence. Dept, of Psychiatry and Human
Behavior.
State Planning of Mental Health Services.
lip 1575 Pub. in American Jnl. of Community Psychiatry v4 n1
p35-45 Mar 76.
The findings of a study of 14 State departments of mental
health are presented. The following States participated in
the study:	Arizona, California, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana,
Maryland, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island.
States contributing data to the study on an informal basis
included Florida, Kentucky, New Hampshire, New York, and
Virginia. Interviews were conducted with State officials
from 12 States, excluding New York and Florida. Information
obtained in the course of interviews related to the State
department of mental health; the impact of national policies
151such as revenue sharing on State planning of mental health
services; factors affecting the planning, organization, and
delivery of mental health services; and major issues and
trends, including administrative practices, service delivery
systems, manpower development, and prevention. Most State
officials were concerned with and committed to intervention
strategies and service delivery systems. Most States
classified their programs as somewhere between clinical
psychiatric and public mental health organizational models.
There was a significant trend in focus from the level of a
single organization to that of a network of organizations.
Interdepartmental changes within the States are examined.
The organizational structure for mental health service
delivery in the 14 States is discussed, and planning issues
are delineated.
South Central Connecticut Regional Mental Health Planning
Council, Inc., New Haven.
Task Porce Report for Revision of State Plan for Mental
Health Services.
137p 21 Apr 72 Available NTIS HRP-0012142
State planning for mental health services is addressed in a
report prepared by the South Central Connecticut Regional
Mental Health Planning Council. A task force was established
to work on an ongoing basis to obtain information about
mental health resources in the region and to present this
information as a progress report to the council's board of
directors in order to submit a report to the Connecticut
State Department of Mental Health. Consideration is given in
the report to the relationship among regional mental health
planning councils, the State Department of Mental Health, and
other planning bodies; mental health resources; need for
mental health services; trends in the delivery of mental
health services; and mental health manpower trends in the
south central region of Connecticut. The task force made
recommendations concerning relationships among the South
Central Connecticut Regional Mental Health Planning Council,
State Department of Mental Health, and other planning bodies.
In addition to identifying general needs, the recommendations
point out certain specific areas where it is felt that
greater emphasis should be placed in the planning and
allocation of resources. These areas include:	increased
funds for planning children's services, youth services,
services in the inner city, and services for the elderly;
additional preventive programs, particularly directed at
reducing the drug problem; programs to reduce high admission
rates to hospitals due to drug abuse and alcoholism;
additional programs for youth; and additional aftercare
programs. A proposal for establishing a system of mental
health service and delivery is appended. Portions of this
document are not fully legible.
152South Central Connecticut Regional Mental Health Planning
Council, Inc., New Haven.
Mental Health and Illness in the South Central Region.
Position Statement of the Eoard of Directors of the South
Central Connecticut Regional Mental Health Planning Council,
Inc.
2Op 14 Nov 75 Available NTIS HRP-0012150
The scope and structure of the mental health system of the
south central region of Connecticut are defined. In the
public sector particularly, resources and programs are
limited primarily to mental illness treatment. About 80
percent of the budget of the State Department of Mental
Health is allocated to institutional services and to the
maintenance of facilities. Only about 6 percent of the
budget is spent for community mental health services. Since
1971, however, the mandate of the Department of Mental Health
has included the prevention of mental illness and the
promotion of mental health. State funded mental illness
treatment services are generally delivered in relatively
inaccessible locations, predominantly State mental hospitals.
Efforts to create community mental health centers as
alternatives to State mental hospitals have not been fully
successful. Several ongoing local efforts have been made to
take responsibility for assuring care for emotional problems
and for the treatment of mental illness. In terms of general
adult mental health services, the basic problem in the region
has been the lack of certain services. Information and
education about existing services are needed, as are
increased services to promote mental health and prevent
mental illness. There has been continuing difficulty in a
lack of separate identity for children and youth services in
addition to a lack of programs and budgetary commitments.
Efforts have been made in prevention, early diagnosis, and
treatment of alcoholism and in the improvement of
coordination among existing alcohol agencies. Priorities are
listed for mental health and alcoholism, and a bibliography
is included.
Texas Commission on Alcoholism, Austin.
Texas State Plan for the Prevention, Treatment and Control of
Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 1976.
243p 1976 Available NTIS HEP-0015020
The 1976 State plan of Texas for the prevention, treatment,
and control of alcohol abuse and alcoholism is presented.
The organization of the Texas Commission on Alcoholism,
created in 1953, is detailed. The regional basis of the 1976
plan is noted, with 24 regional authorities comprising the
statewide network for the delivery of services to prevent,
treat, and control alcohol abuse and alcoholism.
Consideration is given to State agency coordination, the
regional planning process, funds appropriated for the
maintenance of effort, and administration of the State plan.
The merit system of personnel administration is discussed.
153Fiscal control and fund accounting procedures are detailed.
Standards and mechanisms prescribed by the plan for
evaluating programs and facilities are cited. Responsibility
areas for regional alcoholism authorities are outlined, with
particular emphasis on planning, the development of
resources, coordination, training, education and information,
and evaluation. Planning guidelines incorporated in the 1976
plan stipulate that each regional alcoholism authority fill
out a program description form for each program providing
alcohol abuse and alcoholism services. Data analysis
procedures are prescribed, and an alcoholism impact model is
proposed. Regional progress reports on programs in each
region’s jurisdiction are included. Goals and objectives for
the 1976 plan are delineated.
Wisconsin State Health Policy Council, Madison.
Wisconsin Comprehensive Health Plan.
493p Aug 75 Available NTIS HRP-0006147
A comprehensive health plan for the State of Wisconsin,
embodying a discussion of the status of health delivery,
problems, accomplishments, and needs in that State, is
presented by the Health Policy Council and the State Division
of Health Policy and Planning. Following an introductory
discussion of the planning process and a statement of general
goals. Chapter I examines health resources, including health
facilities and related services, health personnel, and health
care financing. An overview, specific goals, and objectives
and policy recommendations are presented for each area.
Chapter ii similarly examines specific health services,
including:	maternal and child health; health services for
the elderly; services for mental illness, chemical abuse, and
developmental disabilities; environmental health services,
including governmental environment - related services, air
quality, drinking water quality, and food processing and
handling; emergency medical services; Health Maintenance
Organizations and other alternative prepaid delivery systems;
and health education. Chapter IV considers health services
research and development, and organization for planning and
resource allocation. Chapter IV outlines implementation and
evaluation tactics. Associate health plans concerning
alcoholism, construction of comprehensive community mental
health centers, developmental disabilities services and
facilities construction, drug abuse prevention and treatment,
and hospital and medical facilities are presented in Chapter
V. Rosters of State planning staff and committee members and
an index to health plan implementors are appended.
Supporting tabular data are included. Portions of this
document are not fully legible.
154Zusman Jack, Bertsch Elmer F
State Univ. of New York at Buffalo. Dept, of Psychiatry.
Future Role of the State Hospital.
h12p t975 Available from D.C. Heath and Co., Dept. H.S., 125
Spring St., Lexington, Mass. 02173, $17.03.
A compilation of papers presented at a conference organized
by the Division of Community Psychiatry at the State
University of New York at Buffalo in November 1973 is
presented. Some topics discussed include:	the future of
State mental hospitals as human service resources, trends and
projections in State hospital use, constitutional
requirements in the commitment of the mentally ill, and the
impact of litigation on the future of State hospitals. Other
participants presented a medical viewpoint of psychiatric
admissions, a paradigmatic approach to psychiatric
hospitalization in New York, and changing roles and
structures of mental health boards. The relationship of
consumers and citizens to their State mental institutions was
explored. Several papers were concerned with care for the
chronically disabled and geriatric patients. Other papers
presented alternative care programs (halfway houses,
transitional housing). The Fort Logan Mental Health Center
experience is described, and California's Unified Services
plan is assessed. Other experimental programs, both urban
and rural, are analyzed, and recent trends in utilization of
mental health facilities are detailed. The hospital
director's viewpoint is presented, and public mental health
programs in France and Russia are discussed. The final
presentation examines the responsibility of the medical
profession to provide hospital treatment. Notes on editors
and contributors are included.
155->
12. GENERAL INFORMATION
■■■ • «



V



1 &i
Muszynski Sam
Mental Health Care and Treatment:	Will Health Planning Hake
a Difference?
Pub. in Hospital S Community Psychiatry v27 n6 p398-400 1976.
National Health Planning Information Center
Guidelines for Planning Health Services:	An Annotated
Bibliography.
To be available NTIS HBP-0370911.
Orkand Corporation
Guidelines for Implementing Criteria and Standards for
Specific Health Services. 1976. 32p.
To be available NTIS HEP-0900390.
Smith Donald Cameron, Jones Thomas A, Downs Elizabeth E
The National Health Planning Act:	Significance for Mental
Health Agencies.
Pub. in Hospital 6 Community Psychiatry v27 n6 p393-97 1976.
Westlake Robert J
Brown Oniv., Providence, R.l.
Shaping the Future of Mental Health Care.
12 Ip 1976 Available from Ballinger Publishing Co., 17 Dunster
Street, Harvard Square, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Papers from a Spring 1975 symposium on funding and planning
for mental health are presented. The 2-day symposium,
organized by Brown University and Butler Hospital, brought
together health care providers, consumers, third-party
payers, representatives of professional groups, and Federal
health care legislators. The opening overview covers
problems in delivering mental health care, the economic
situation in mental health care, and the roles of government,
consumers, professional groups, the insurance industry, and
psychiatric institutions. Other presentations discuss the
development of an integrated mental health delivery system,
society's attitude toward the mentally ill, and the influence
of financing on the private practice delivery system. A
paper on accountability in psychiatric practice discusses
professional standards review organizations and utilization
review. Other presentations address the following topics:
the status of and alternatives for third-party payers in
mental health care; a comparison of American and British
models of community mental health problems; Federal
legislation and mental health care; and feasibility and
implications of insurance for mental health. The concluding
chapter points out the consensus concerning the need to
improve mental health care distribution and summarizes
questions raised concerning how best to achieve such
improvement.
159/fJ]

US. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE
Public Health Service
Health Resources Administration
Bureau of Health Planning
DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 79-14001
2D 5-1
C028762003