ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN Production Note Unica Project Rare Book & Manuscript Library University of Illinois Library at Urbana- Champaign 2013 TH AL.ANDT 180 °xxx: h. x #x# #: # x;x°,.x #: x x., x: x k N # ## ..... k ,ra Xs P. A xx #t xx .;xx xx U # ... xx.. . x x. ¥ x x i x x..x g g vu t xxx: x s' r 4 * x x x # xK.I xx: xuxE xxt: t } x X MOOR, I.RK JVAR ate' flF £,. t:x*M X ' ..', x Am... ;x x: lp. xx 4: j x :uwz x .. . .... :.. : .n. 'VIi ... .. .. xx .. .. x x m r K.MnU .' . ' :....x UP EM q,.. : . HIP. x e' x x xv, x xx t x # x r 10 x mx # x s x x xx E xx # G RUN mr KOM x LrK, x xxx y x xx x x x Em. h .. # x:. M _ 2 x. x" :x .. 5 t M... # x x z ...x: .xx.:. THE .*]EJVDR.1 BAINO AN HUMBLE A I]LEMPT TO ENUMERATE IN RI YME SOMPE OF THOSE a4CTS. WHICH DISTINGUISH THE REIN 07S THlE EMPEROR ALEXAN DER. Ut desint vires, tamen est laudanda voluntas ; Hoe ego Contentos auguror esse Deos. Halv facit ut veniat pauper quoque gratis ad armB, Et placeat cam non minais agna bove. OVID. POa'z LIE. IV. I am ill at these Numbers. HAMLET. L ONDO N: PUVBL[SH4ED BY ML. WESTLEY, NO. I59), STRAND; MRlL LLOYD, No. 23, HARLEY-STREET: MIESSRS. CROSBY AND CO. STATIONERS'-HAjLL-COURT; AND mAY BE HAD AT ALL THE BOOMCELLMS. PRINTED DY T. IL VIZE, 6. CRAYENJILDINGI, DRURY-LANE. 18015. nC E .x: xx k x AIN /x Ix x MpA- 2 A 4x .t. 4 4 4o .x ..:n'.:., .. xiA P R E F A CE. PLINY observes, that there is nothing so trifling as to attempt to excuse or to commend trifles by a long Preface-and I very gladly assume the benefit of his authority to evade the otherwise necessary duty of apologizing for having under- taken a task infinitely above my powers.-I shall only say, that I was not induced to it by a passion for scribbling, or by any consideration of vanity or emolument, but purely by the desire of introducing to the more general knowledge of my Countrymen, the Character of a Prince who does honour to Humanity, and whose wise and benevolent policy" has in a degree identified his interest with ours.- would encourage this Country to a liberal and animated co-operation with his Im. perial Majesty in the War, by shewing how fully he is entitled to its confidence; and, by offering a Picture of his Heart (faint and unfinished I lament to say it is) in assurance of the Dignity, the Purity, and the Generosity of his conduct. The following pages will shew the happy progress which the Emperor ALEX, naNDE has already made in the extension of Commerce, the Encouragement of the Arts and Sciences, the Promotion of Industry, and above all, the Improvement which he has effected in the Condition and Happiness of his Subjects. The Character of this Monarch would suffer from the feebleness of delineation by a Tacitus, a Pliny, or a Burke; I dare not attempt the Portraiture-all I can do is, to offer a faint Sketch of a few prominent Features, in the hope that some abler artist will finish out the Likeness. To a superiority of Genius capable of judging of the highest affairs, he adds an Application so observant as to penetrate into the most minute :*-It was Trajan's highest Eulogy that he heard the Complaints of his Subjects with complacency and patience:-ALEANDER does this, and more-he determines with promptitude and with benevolence: his practice ever embracing the profession of Alexander of Macedon :-" I will lend you one ear," said that Prince to a suitor who required a hearing ; " the other I will keep for the adverse party." * O Jw. (wrOu, uowv rs y ajMyAs yIAFrs" )i CgaxVrr. agxtwroas iror Ya0oe GKr va so. Thucyd. PREFACE. His Patrouage is munificent, and his Bounty has "f no other limits than the m. &Asy of tos wvho ask'it"s*-It corresponds with his own honour and dignity, and is geiieraly' greater than the desert it visits.-It is not the panic lapidosus of Which enecas tells us,-t but comes enriched with the good will, and smiling with all that. cheerfauess'and alacrity-which Plato so much extolled in Ldptines.$ 'Th~ecourtesy and geuierosity which gained to PVitus the appellation of the Itelt of Mankind, are in ALExANDERa improved, by a gracefulness and suavity ort nianners so faicinating, that one would suppose, that he, like Mucianus,§ had devoted his life to give every thing he said and did appropriate grace. These qualities are not forced in him ; they are not the arts which Adrian or Tiberius used t u catch popular applause :-they spring from his heart-they form a part of his 'ure;.and as Paterculus said of Cato--Oui nun quant recei fecit, utfacere videretur, -s t~uia alierfacere non poterat. ,V, e Temper and ;Humanity of ALE~xANDER have been finely illustrated in his viduct towards .France--Had he submitted to the common sensations of Mankind, the .tretment which his Minister (M. Markoff) experienced at Paris, must then have solved Europe in the Miseries of War; but,' sacrificing at once his resentment ari his interest,, he benevolently laboured to perpetuate Peace ;-- - Metuensque futuri,! In Pace,; ut sapiens, aptarit idonea bello,. Hor: lib. 2. Sett. 2. Siding at the same time the most ample means to meet any measure; which the turbulence and injustice of the Tyrant of France might impose on him.; L look to the result of the present contest, on which the tranquillity and happines fte World depends, with all that confidence which a knowledge of the vast iouces of the Allied Powers is calculated to inspire.-I-- have purposely avoided to mention the gallat tenergies of Great Britain, who has proved herself not only gpable of contending with France single-handed, but to beat her, advantaged. as shen is by the whole power of Spain and Holland; lest, in pursuit of the glorious tme, I shoul be led into, details Iireign to the purpose of the following lines. ' O APARTE has beeni viewed through the most fallacious of. il mediums that of succesths Turbulence has been, mistaken for Vigor; his Rashness for Enter- - and, as the Wiisd is, found to. increase the apparent Magnitude of the Stars, nug Tumult of his Life has cast a false Vision over the Littleness of his 51,For the success of. his arms he has been indebted to his gold-he purchased 3h' ia lai lSedicatiwxof Ov d.-t a de ]3enefieiis, cap. vii.-.. PFlat. Epist. xlii ad dsstns itfu la bled by the elegancy of his manners,: and of wbnrn Tacitus P~ ~eateetts totees tlL 0T~ilk EsktL Noma o5, PREFACE. T the Austrian Legions before he dared to meet themi. He could not corrupt s Dritish Votce-and he fled before it. He was the same at Acre and at Marengo, tho' with different results.-" An army (says Mr. Burke) is so forcible, and at the same time so, rude a weapon, that any hand which wields it, may, without much dexterity, perform any operation, and attain any ascendancy in human society :" Bonaparte' reign has furnished continued proof of this assertion. The same rashness that has marked his personal diplomacy, has attended his military operations; Fortune, hitherto, as with Cerealis of old, seeming to take pleasure in supplying the defects of his conduct : Nor do I longer, undeceiv'd, complain, The wicked flourish and triumphant reign ; Since they to Fortune's height are raised alone, To rush with greater ruin headlong down. King's' Imsitationt of Clarudian. Wherever his influence has extended, wretchedness has been its unvarying'attendant --the wealthy Hollander, the happy Swiss, the high-minded Spaniard, how have, they fallen-how sadly are their conditions altered under the baneful Poisoni of his Connection ?- Sed quantum vertice ad auras Mtherias, tantum radice ad Tartara tendit. &~n. lih. iv. V. 445. I now submit my Labours to the Candour. of my Readers.--Should I be deemed to have failed in the execution of the assumed task, still must their Sentence, like Phaeton's Epitaph, record, as well the boldness of my attempt-as the miscarriage of it. Quem si non tenuit, magnis tamen excidit ausia. Or. Met,~ lib. 2. Y. 328. 4.H A .Si x>2 .., *t 3 y £ x4 SE :... .: r. '. . . THE ALEXANDRIAD. THOU Pow'r divine, who strung the Mantuan lyre And breath'd through Homer's verse celestial fire; Who with thy lov'd MusEus sweetly sung, And wanton'd on Anacreon's honied tongue; Shed from thy sacred brow one genial ray T' inspire and animate my humble lay ; Let flame otherial burst through ev'ry line, And make my numbers, like my theme,--divine. No bold adventurer, no tyrant king, Nor hapless love, nor revel joys I sing, A nobler subject claims the swelling strain- The virtues of thy ALEXANDE 's reign: Let Fame no longer boast the Grecian age, he gadlie Ammon, or the Theban sage ; o mpre 9'er Antoninus' ashes mourn, Mr . luiv~ sigk. o'er ;faultless Trajan's urn: ' . they liver-for, lo ! their various worth egenerated owns a nobler birth ; rid join'd with ev'ry grace (fond Heav'n's behest) nited blowis. in ALExaND~1I's breast. The soul' of great Atrides there we see, emper'd by mercy and humanity ; chiles' ardor, undebas'd by rage, Ne$tar; too, uncumber'd by -his age'; he prudenrce -which enrich'd Ulysses' mind, lut void of, guile, and pregnant 'as the wind;) lie filial love which grac'd 1Eneas' course, nd prov'd. and ~honour'd his celestial source; see tly with kindred virtue there combine, std with' seraphic l ustre mildly shine.+' izke ylis Empu vitae fuit 4 cornice secundze Qtdque nOV#Mi toties mmstum bibit: Oo,,parmu~p Attemlas, quantum do legibus ipse queratur Fatoeruni a iii. de. stamine, cum videt acris AuttH b tb11m ar 4Egtm:. munm quarit ab onud Q isquis adeo.4 Hcio, cur heec'in tempor~a duret" lttad faci u #i t 1 .~ig d userit aeo.o Jt &sr Saas~ cau ali.~lr~ a~ k rry~~ r TH~~ R A~IA D. - Then. bid my num~bers .deeps iestic, flowsr Worthy, the, greatness of °the ",rnce< they =hew : ;, 1J So shall the world his fair nexampi v, ;;. And emulate the virtues of his 'throne.' Yet, should you look indignant on. my .prayir,, And scorn an unknown ?suppliant to .hear, Still (like Apuskidamus' forceful mtide,*, On whose fair bosom 'Ossa's self might .ride), Shall the vast grandeur of my :theme, sustain. My lab'ring muse,--and nerve her, feeble strain; While the warm love which prompts her bold. errpr sei Shall plead her failings in the Monarch's. eyes.+. * Pliny (32 c. 2, and 2 c.'103) tells us of two pieces of water of'this destription' on whose surface bodies, however heavy, were wont to float.--Oue of these, in Africa, called Apuskidanmus; and the other in Upper Armenia, near the fountains of the Tigris, called Arethusa. 7n; Bav4am~; cast,If TffTh01Tif 0iQ'Q$ sflmrE.~" The merit of intending well, at least, I claim ; and perhaps the benefit of. Pliny's maxim may be conceded to me-E° that he cannot be wholly devoid of virtue who can love it in another. Vidi et crudeles dantem Salmonca poseas, Dum flammas Jovis, et sonitus imitator Olympi. )tEaoeidr liba i I do not need the admonition of hi& fate to avoid his idle emulation. I do not seek with horny hoofs to pass O'er hollow arches of resounding brass;, To 'rival thunder in its rapid course. And imitate inimitable force. Diy"jIen's Vi! . B~ut I do aspire to introduce to the knowledge and Wo the admiration of my ,cot ty- men, is character embracing every virtue that can add dignity to humanity, . 4 ' ~.. AL39 *AND R1A3r. As when tli first bursting into light, With ph xd fmnies, dispels the 'gloom of night, A. g fire shines mildly round his head, And. roy blushes the pale clouds o'erspread;, Yet 'erthe god his sultry course pursues, pe Bathes his *~esses in ambrosial dews. =o~here, bless'd :promise of a genial day, Apensive lustre' ting'd the rising ray; A;L:krs' grief enpearl'd th' ethereal gleams, 'emper'd itsl lre' and dignify' its beam.t± while thus the sone, by gentle nature mnov'd, $orns o'er the parent whom he fondly lotv'd, The 'Monarh's soul, a thousand duties- share, Manskind his. family !--the world his care! .§ ,... The rosy fiager~d morn appear, And 'from her mantle shakes her tears. Drydeu, Alb. aind tbas. 4s t -i ..: " ;a Ploebum urgere mionebat Non idem eoi color mtheris, alba.que nondumn Lux rubet, et flammas proprioribus eripit astris. Lucan, "lib. ii. # . I qt ma Denn, Pietas ! cuius gratissima cello Rarat profanatas inspectant numina teras. S&at. Syk, 3. j The first is of Alexasidees= reign rtealised'the expectations of the world, and 5ted then tiener enc of 'his nature Wn the most impressive manner. His ~a to the e4 ws announced early on the lat March, l sol. ,OR. thJe #lrowiag, lie weat..to the senaot, audovTutored its anthorhy. He suppressed sttiuqu sitton which Lad bead. guilty= of the greatest tyra nny .and injustice °l rt to the stae prisoners .raitarlly confined. W the several fortresses t ales--abolished the insurlting. ordinaces .abut dress, allowing ~I ersn ;iwale to Wi fw tcy: and exonerate the ink altt Meduty of alightjng ftp , 1htix cwiages at the THE ALEXANDRIAD. Mercy with sweet enrichment from his mind Now mounts, seraphic; on the searching wind: Now through the dungeon's gloomy sorrow breaks; Now from the languid limb the fetter shakes; Now wings her flight o'er cold Siberia's plains, Cheers the poor exile, and dissolves his chains; Inspires new being with Promethean breath, And sweetly shines amidst the waste of death. Now through the inquisition's sanguine cell, (Where jealousy and tyrant faction dwell), Justice appears, and breaks the mystic spell The foul abortion of unreal pow'r, Engender'd in some curst, malignant hour, Which sapp'd the state it was design'd to rear, (Injustice ever giving birth to fear): Felt, as it coarsely on suspicions fed, A coward guilt still trembling round its head; While groans and murder mark'd its fell career, And its vast crimes still blacken'd half the year. Now in truth's placid fire the monster dies, Now hope and freedom from its ashes rise. approach of any of the imperial family. He dismissed from office many persona undeserving the stations they filled, and corrected numerous abuses which had crept into the military as well as the civil department:-In short, he did every thing that the most comprehensive judgment, or the most virtuous heart could suggest. Amongst other ukases which were issued on the day succeeding his acession, was one for reviving and confirming all the regulations of the late Empress Catherine for the encouragement of industry and commerce. } #HE ALE3XANflRIAD. See the.. by . I asant :rais'd to man's estate,* W ith t g wig thought, and .new- born pride elate, * Tb t has materially amneliorated< the condition of the peasants. He lately. e~swd hitrtself on this subject in the following terms, in a letter to a Noble- man l~ohadsolicited the hereditary possession of an estate :- Sheiusan peasant are int general no better than slaves; and I need not enlarge L ih erdto n rthdesof such a condition. I have made a vow not Sament the number of them, and have therefore adopted the resolution of never ring them atway as property to any man. The estate shall be granted to you S yours, at a long lease and quit-rent, which will prove equally advantageous to u;and -the only difference will be, that the peasants'cannot be sold or alienated jkebrute beasts. Such are my reasons, and I am persuaded they will meet with ur approbatiosi e peasants of Rassia, excepting those of Finland, Carclia, the ]Ukraine arnd a few districts, are alltserfs or slaves. 'About a sixth part of them belong to the crown, biting the Imperial d'emesnes, or the church lands, now annexed to the crown, and are uander the jurisdiction and protection of the Imperial officers or balilfs. The peants, beloaging to individuals are private property, and may he sold or hired oat to lWjnur. Previous to the present auspicious reign, their condition was wretched in the etee, particularly in Livonia anid Esthonia-without property, or the means of obtaining it, subject to corporal 'punishment 'on the caprice of their master-'their isees, and children liable to be taken fromt them, in constant incertitude as to their awn disposal, and fed with infinitely less consideration than the more valued horse ; -btthe authority and the'example ~of the Emperor have reversed this odious scene. The power of inflicting punishment is transferred from the Lord to the Magistrate; , rrages are unmnmbered by the' difficulties which formerly attended them, and t repeceqL The h bno us practice of removing, the boor from the spot which cultivated, nd which he considered as the reward of hid labour, into perhaps ~s esor a meos, to braak up new land, which, the moment it became productive, again obliedt Iit,-has received the Sovereign'most decided reprobation. pesnts'are now 4~ed l,,to= settle in any part of the empire, to enrol themselves ;. t :the burgheraarf merchants according to their respective capitals; and, in no 're ia Ih strongest incitement to industry by. the assurance that enoyte t. pwheir'labour.''The amount of secage work :has be,. and 're k.:and the peasants are allowed sufficient leisure r own fierlds M of thema, under this amended system, have enty~sand° tusands,' by their little savings, have purchased: jalo, conatentmet, .and: loaly,, keep pace with the TU4Z ALZ-ANRUA-D~ 7' With willing labour tills the grateful roil, Secure to "reap the produce of his -toil. S etlbrydsed tonresarsAnd through his waking socul breaths :all. her charms, His. cares, his fears, his sorrows, she. beguiles, And decks e'en poverty in cheerful' smiles. See, where he views with ardenit, doubting eyes, And awkward gratitude and 'glad surprise, About him shoot unhop'd felicities :} While from a mass, so" late 'but breathing earth, Love and allegiance burst, at once to birth. Amongst numerous instances of the public advantage resulting froro this benevo- lent policy of the Emperor, is the following :-=A gentleman of the government of Woronese having purchased from Prince Truboskoi an estate of 6000 peasants, sad to them their freedom, at such small sums as reimbursed h7im. The fist use which the peasants made of their liberty, was to write to his Imperial Majesty, thanking him for the edict which authorized these transactions; asking permission to build a church, and proposing of themselves to make a canal fifteen versts in length, which would facilitate an~ intercourse of the greatest importance to commercial industry. When the Russian peasant becompes eligible to a more liberal :line of government, we are satisfied that his benevolent master will extend it to him. His m~ind, .how- ever, must be gradually formed for the reception of social and civil freedom; in its present debasement they could not flourish. Liberty must be proportioned to the capacity of those who are to enjoy it ; and it should be the constant aim, of every wise council to find out, by cautious experiments and candid consideration, this happy: medium, and without imposing unnecessary .restraints, ;not to indulge in a to lieral. dispensation ; forT, as Mr. Burke observes, "Liberty is a good to be improved,' and not an evil to be lessened." * Liberty ! whose hand benign, Teaches unwearied toil to clothe the fields, And on his various fruits :inscribes. the name Of property. D r~s dns of-Rome. Catharine' the Id j~udiciously observed :--, L'Agriculteuir no pourra ,jamais proispe rer la, oft l'agriculteur rue'possede rien en propre.5' HZ. ;~ ALtXANDR1AD- See, social couprce swell with new-born pride,. ~Shake off. its Jlangour,-court the ardent tidle Already sees thl inipetuop~s sails unfurl'd,± To xadventirous in an unknown world ; Sthe accession of his Majesty, several politic arrangements were made for tjhse vfrof commerce, which hard ;sunk into the most unprofitable inactivity. The Aswl . Company was nearly annilated, when his Majesty purchased a thousand of their stock; several of the Nobles followed his example, and thus infused eb' energy and spirit into the undertaking, that within a period of two years, its ds became so flourishing, as to be worth 156 rubles per share. he establishments of this Company extend from ,Cook's River on the north-west eatof America, to Norfolk Sound. At Prince William's Sound they have a dock, which a vessel of 9,50 tons has been built by an English shipwright, who is now mployed in building other vessels. These establishments are, however, wholly dependant on foreign supply for every article of consumption except wood, neither tucoast nor the Aleutian islands producing' corn, hemp, iron, &ce. The necessary I~rshve hitherto 'been derived "through Jakutsk and Ochotzk (a thousand miles sader}; and- the vast distance, the risk and difficulty attending the carriage of hmi which 4000 homes and 350 drivers are annually employed, raise the price pe atcoee tChtk 6 e en.Tepeetepdto sa iment of the advantage of sending these articles from Cronstadt. To a nation possessing a less' enterprising spirit' than the Russians, the difficulties which have attended their commerce on the American coast; must have been fatal to it; it has, Ioweve, sirtnonted themc, and now promises amply to recompence their perse- >~nce and industry. Thenavgatonof the Mediterraean opened new sources of wealth to the Russians; 'adteEnerb hesaismn of commercial schools at Odessa, Nicolayef, ~.and thes m stnitable yregulations, has taken effe~ctual means to render the ad- age'permanent an extensive. The exports of petersburgh, which in 174-2 did amount to twn aiints And a half of rubles,; in 1802 exce~ded thirty millions. The allu~sion her s to the expedition lately sent out b~y his Imperial Majiesty r'~yg of discovery in tbo. Pacific. ocean, and the emnbassy of AL de RO5san0tl; bprEmror of J i ii dition, which eo n appiottxd with great carer . ad the utmost mun- at tro British built ships of 470 and 430 tons, fmerly the Leander tdthe Nsdadohda (the Hlope), and the. Nova,. il ,purchased, r~ the .vtM. assoh 'iL on Krusenstera' who has the corn- THX A.EJ ANflRIAD.9 From Hyperborean .climes a° iroc kss. way, Far as the cradle of the infant 'day,. r The hallow'd ensigns cf. blest :peace: to beat.* And ope to C.~ES A R% love an~ a nper "sphere.: mand of this little squadron, is a' man in every eespect qualified for the trust re~ posed in him-4he has. visited Japan and Cdhina,.'and served tseveral: years in, the British navy ;-we may, say, of himi in the words of Lucau-- Qna nullam melifis,,pclago turbante, carines Audivere manum: nec lux eat notior uli Crastina, seu Pheebum videat, sea cornuaLue Semper'venturis eomnponere tarbasa ventia. Captain Liskanski commands the Neva.--The scientific mn attached ta thiwex~ pedition. are-Mr. Tilesius and Dr. Langdorf, as naturalists; Dr. Espenherg and Dr. Labaud, surgeons, &c.; Dr's. H-oner and Churchman, astronomers. M. Krusenstern arrived 'in the harbour of St. Peter and St. Paul, in'Ilamtschatka, on the 14th of July, in five months' and a half from the'coast of Brazil. Onl one of the Manquesa islands he 'found an Englishman and a Frenchman, who had been wrecked in an American vessel 'near that island five years before, and who had adopted the manners, dress (or rather'undress), of the natives. 'On the 24th'tof August, M."kr- senstern was preparing to depart for Japan.' Count Golof kin's embassy to China comprises General Suchtenlen, as historlagra. pher; Ruttoffsky, as botanist; Schubert, as astronomer, &e. The embassy of Count Potocki to China overland, is not less for scientifle researches than to promote commercial intercourse. The Count is attended by several g°n een distinguished by their talents :-by Adams, who explored Mount Caucasus,'as z nigist and naturalist; by Redowsky, as botanist ; by I'ansaer, as mineralogist end geel lst by Schubert, as astronomer; by young Kisaproth, as philologist, &c. Theliterati, with, their assistants, painters, artists, artificers, and .a,:guard of fifty soldiers,; 'I all about one hundred, set out~ on. thse 14th. of May, Tlheir route lies tarog awos- cow, Nisc hney-Nowgorod, Kasanj Ekatarioeuburg to the south of Tobolsk, to 9snsl Ikolywan, Irkutsk, as far as Kynebta, the Russiani Stable on the border: of Chinese Tartary.. Ilkre .they are to wait for the Amnbassador and the OCiaere Ta-dschina, who are to escort therm -through the desert of Yobi nd :Nellowv3 Ma4lngli -- Count Potocki followed about six weeks taft~r -his whole. retine will co airise suarly three thousand persons. C W' HS,. iLEXANDRIAD. Science, .la fiisting 'midst the savage gore, Which stainsl and delug'd poor Italia's shore, Affrighted fled the ruthless shock of war, Inspir'd: and 'guided by the northern star, On4 -XANDER'S..royal breast reclines, An edrish'd there, with mild enforcement shines; &ight round his throne her ample wings expand, d scatter blessings o'er a grateful land. 'midst Dlorpat'st gloom she sheds a genial ray, And. pours through Charkoff's 'Wild, the mental day ; *Alexander has invited men of genius from every country to settle in his donmi. aand afforded them the most liberal protection. The German universities h~ave tltackd-ageats, have been sent to this country (Mr. Fletcher Campbell in itjcu1r), aq. even Amierica .has. been searched for persons competent to fill the lyetabli~e prefiessorships. Amongst the numerous acquisitions thus obtained, LTilesioi,- from, Leipsic i.Dr. 1 pgsdof, from Gottingen ; Dr, Schueegas, from ,~h; Dr. Hiomer, from Hamburgh; Churchman, from America; the younger tfromn Berlin, &ec. His Majesty has established a school, which was last .eropened with great solemnity, for the education of teachers of schools, and ha4 . onsidrale .ttnnler of youths, who have given proof of capacity and diligence, thes~most ce ~rtd universities, to pursue the~ir studies, and to qualify themselves . plofes9rb at home. , it: ajesty ha fo d two 'new universities at Dorpat and at Chntrkof'j 1tas,: in imitato' of the policy of Charlemagne, established at Potersburgis pubs 4cues on tr, phyuc chemistry, &c. for the artillery corps,: and the ar aidr lwaemty of attending them, as their prootion is rendered 03 ther in thea. sciences.. At Moscow, &et. =besides the usual tthe ftir s whit Majeety. ha" ordered that there be read for) the pubhlic heues' adptd their capaity, 0n history, physiec ~eonmerce, and the urpan "tates: and to these persons of both sexes.are invited ; and s f iurh s~sigh of" useMf knowledge, ttei 'Imperial Academy eie~se4 ~ to publAsh two~ Volmies anually, of :a Technologlcoi JOU04n lag~ dsoveries in the awta, together with their uses, TiHE ALI;R 1(tbDitAD. ., ,Neglected Wilnal gladdens at the. sght, And proudly glows with : retxbvated light;s x. *His Majesty has revived the university of Wiln}a, 'which he has organized. ont the German system, end lias granted 1p5,000 robbie in shyer aninually for its Aup-i port. The professors have salaries of 1000 rubles in silver, and 500 more fare each supplementary course; and foreigners entering it, are exempt from certain duties and restrictions on arriving' in or leaving Russia. The benevolent example of the Sovereign has animated the nobility and clergy throughout the country to devote'themselves ,to the sacred duties of' humanity. M. Von Demidoff, of Moscow, has given an estate, comprising -157B peasants, and 900,0oo rubles, towards the support of places of public instructioa, Counsellor Judeinkow has contributed 40,0001 rubles towards the endowment of schools in Little Russia; the nobility in Podolia have formed: a fund competent to the erectioa, and support of seminaries in that province; and the superiors of most of the Basilian Me. masteries have appropriated a considerable portion of their revename for the instruction of the poor in their respective dioceses. The Minister of Public Instruction, in his report for the last year, states, that the number of schools created, or supported from the Royal Treasury, amount to 494, containing 1425 teachers, and 33,484 mal~e pupils, at an annual expence to his Majesty of 1,727,7 32 rubles, or 215,9661. sterling. Independent of these, there are numerous civil and military academies, and 'a considerable number for the instruction of females, exclusive of several hundreds which are established in the different provinces by public or private benefactions. The total sum actually disbursed by the Emperor in the course of the year 1804, on account of public instructioui and 'passing under the immediate' charge of M. Martinoif, amounted to 268,6501. exclusive of 83631.- given_ by his Majesty to establish an university at Ctharkof';, but. the aggregate expence to his Majesty> under this head, including the revenues appplied by him to objects of this nature, and other expences to which he is su .s~ not coming within the immediate cognizance of the .Minister of Instruction, is, hoeer, computed at eight millions of rubles annually. Of this latter descriptiou e ttthe trns ordered from the Royal Treasury, to defray the charges of the pilctof works of public utility--as M. Reimer's Travels, Antlirug's Life of6Swrov9c &rc. and pensions granted to person employed. in literary pursuits .e9 thm walla of the universities ; as, in the case of Counsellor Pospelow, IDireator' of the ImpesisJ Loan Bank, who, having undertaken 'a tranlation of Tacitus, the Emperor with a view to reward his industry, and. excite others to like labours, grntd him a pension equal to the salary he had enjoyed from his office. The Jews have obtained from his Majesty a full emancipation, and permission C2 f2 41'HZ ALEXANDRIAD. A city~s* witk heMre feeds the sacred ;flame, And he67 O essat wells. tor Nicolaef's -fame. to sed c~t hildren to any of the public schools ; and, uinder ;like tolerance; and poky th deut Rave been allowed- to formi estblishmnents at Rip, ;Astracan, JIaflis, * TbJ Emperor has ordered the :revenues of the city of Tschernlgow to be ted to the erection and maintenance of useful institutions. During the ta; house was opened for the education of 50 orphans, and another for ist °la of; 408 scholars in mechanical arts. ~ Te trperor has established commercial schools at Odessa and at Nvicolayef, and m~1arT scheols at Petersburgh, Moscow, and''Lubiny, and tsas sent si students' in tey'tottend thvtrinary schools at Eerlin-and Viensna; and six others rin sculip- lurarchitectunre, painting, and engraving, to Italy and France, to pefct their studies nhee b the esiamgle of the tnient masters.-TJhe Emperor aflrds the most liberal tttCOutxgCWmtt to the, arts-the sculptor, the architect, and the painter, find ample *loysnt In constructing' or beautifying the Imperial Palaces; the magnificent hrcis fite irgi of Gas na,' andl in the other public buildings ; and upon all occa. fin~ tts Rsslan'artist° has a wise and equitable preference. His Majesty does not ceinhs'improtvements to the capital, but has sent M. Sacharoff to make a tour of *rovince, ;to reportt where public'edlifces, and schools more especially, are wanted. 'dto f o plants adapted t o'the occasion and to'local Circumstances. rh Mesy bas appoited'various scientific surveys of isa dominions. Dr. Schneegas (~ enplayd uu a bticalI tour of the Russian Empire in Asia.-Kobler, the antis lofn, 'beompan ied by sltgelgen,i landscape painter to the Emperor, is exploring tCri a-. 5t# owsk,'the'Grucasus &e.-Gount Mulssin Puschktin, with several nts, th shrs ao fifte Caspian Sea-Baron' Biberstien, Georgia- General a;o .n v&~ Catsi'f in his Suite, diflerent parts of'thet Esipire-M. PetrdIt i*t& he*rs oaf'the S~ieukiftc Saciety at Warsaw are "making; surveys L na h tn (t tan mouintains, and several~o n~le,'inspired by :the ofgt ther re no wengaled in useftil researchos mh 'Pl unrtina:.of th OrNt ~Apianl tolls= us, gratified the vanity' a# their Price by men Is p 064defiets,-the ourtiers of Alexander;. thoIeiIeat adopt fl e.4a 4s table emulation of his virtues. -wi - . oaipontnr°Drbis otd eter41nim n~se fbtltect}ere.sensusa t . 4tt temper aui pracipe vulu Muds 4. co st . ,TUE. alLa.Ax4tWIAD. To cheer,, to soothe,' to "animate hOis' mind, wf And fit him for -the .task :by, Hear ii design's, Unnumnber'd blessings heiarm :about Is hea 4, Smile round his throne, k and :consecrate! iitbed . Oh! could my, muse the happy art'devise, . To"steal expression from Lo u tSA's .eyes,.; And from her. lips that harmony ongagei m Which might the jarring elements massuage ; Or that soft fragrance from her breath. inhale.,: Which rivals with its 'sweets th' Arabian gale, ¥ Then might I ,boldly spread; th' aspiring 'wing, l And dare the blest CZAxiNA's'beauties sing: Then paint the splendour of. that:.seraph "face, Where ev'ry line displays a glowing grace;;~ That form majestic, and .those breathing charms, (Such pow'r as Cytherea's goddess. arms); Charms, which the sullen ;Anchoret -would move To adoration, reverence, and love ! Tell how. Minerva every pow'r combin'd To grace her person,- and, adorn, her, mind s Or, tell how Suadat from Megara, fown, On Baden~s lips triumphant rears her throne, ; * fgop 1r5N rWJ~woohra'r Xww a Tig~ ala. of 4" ;P t Suada, the goldess -of Persuasion, called also Pitho, toi whqm T heseus ordIere sacrifices ; she had a statue in the temple of Vgenus at Me'ara, long since'e roveik- Pans, i. c. 22, &c. 4 THE ALEXANDRIAD. Row to . l e~t~ love, Hesp eria's+ truth She adse a len's dignity and youth ; Tell hbow the .friend's, the wife's, the sov'reign's care, (le dutica.all) her warm affections share; That nations, charm'd by the resplendant blaze, Should grow, more virtuous--while they wond'ring' gaze. But ah! in vain my' faule'ring muse essays The splendid height,--to sing LouIsA'S praise; And useless' too would prove this envied art, Since her fair image lives in ev'ry heart. May pleasures round her form eternal spring, And ev'ry hour increas'd 'enjoyment bring; My time's, swift circles pass so lightly by, That some new joy-some fresh felicity, Alhone shal mark the minutes as they fly. When the :mute Halcyont quits Sicania's' springs, And o'er the billows spreads her. azure wings, der gentle flatture calms' the wintry wave, nd awes to ipae the rude -Maolian cave;I *Alcesta, the wife oxf A~dmetus, sacriflctd her life to preserve her husbandl, on rald by an ra that he wIbuld not recover from a diseasse hale" ,ups of his ftencda died to his mtad. a Phy mn .saipQe of the daughters of Claetus, changed after yi inxto a doy t- tmhlem of her purity. f . oof yrhich AristoIe and Pliny' have given urinate descriptions, build. ijet ~the witr solsice ; and during the period of its incuhbn6op, !171-11 A.LEXANIDRIAD. While the 3white surge, and ;ac ,iu petvous tide, nl~ 'Neath new-born zephyrt scarcely sem to+ glide... So here, with more than :Halcyon imil ess :blest,l ALExis rose, and sooth'd cte world torest. r Though hosts unnumber'd tended On 1is nst tei* To stamp his orders with the seal. of fate ; Yet emulous, alone, .mankind to bless, And shed around diffusive happiness; The tented field, the clang of rushing: arms, The victor's -wreathe, and conquest's gaudy charnms; (War's pompous 'pageants), with disdain. he view'd, And, heav'n-directed, mercy's path puirsu'd. there prevails a calm of seven or> eleven days. Ovid feigns that IRakyone, having thrown herself into the sea in grief for the death of her husband Ceyx, who was drowned in his voyage to Claros to consult the oracle, was, together with his corpse, changed into birds by Thetis, who pitied their love and tenderness. Perque dies placidos hiberno tempore septem Incubat Haleyone pendentibus square' nidis. Tarn via tuta maris: ventos custodit, et arcet )Eolus egressil. Or. Met. lib. xi. v. 745. Russia is yet a new country, and the magnitude of her resources are yet unknown even to herself; but few of her natural treasures are explored, and nsone of them exhausted. Her peace establishment consists of 700,000 enrolled soldiers, with .50,000 military servants to attend the staff' of the army; and possessing, as she does, upwards of twenty millions of taxable male peasants employed in agriculture,'that army may at any moment be so augmented as to outnumber the hosts of Xerxes. -The population' of the empire, exclusive of'Otorgia'and the Russian dominions about the Caspian sea, amounted according to the late enumeration, to forty-two' millions. In 1803, the number of marriages in the Russian Empirewvas 300,4}70; of births, 1,270,341; and of deaths, 701,973 : so that the poputlatioih is °a single year encreased nearly half a million. Amongst the deaths there were .1145, aged between 95 and 100; '158betweeni'06 and 105; 90 between 105 and 110; 34 between 110 and 1153; 36 between 115 and 120 ; 15 between 120 and 125 ; 5 "between i25 °ju& 130; and 1 between 145 and 150. ' .. latZ ALEXANDRIAD. His generout wa stubboarn ,guilt :to. alie, To gutar t. .. weak,to give ambition law ; To. b~id Ami ud him peace resume her reign, And, show'r her varied blessings o'er the plain,~ To'irm an Eden where a -desert -stood, T' yimpose just limits, on =th' impetuous .flood; Or,'teach its ice-bound drowsy stream to flow, Or bid stern Caucasus depose its. snow,*( And, with new surfaces of -beauty glow : To bid, ='tiidst ,Alpine wastes, fair. plenty smi le, As on the teemingt banks .of, bounteous Nile ; O0r,.pow'r benignant!,bid a: city rise,, Whee late a forest's gloom obscur'd, the skies.' * Jdmqpue Pyrenew. quas nunquam solvere Titan Evaluit, fluxere nives, fract64lue rnadcscunt Saxa gelu. Lucan, lib. iv. We may also apply to this moun~tain V-ills beautiful description of Mount Atlas: Atlantis, cinctum assidui; cui nubibus atris Piniferma Caput et vento pulsatur et imbri ; ?'ix humemos infusa tegit; tun flumnina mento V Vedpliat senis, et glacie riget hornida barba. 'En. iib. iv. 4 .. --Victura feretur .~r T . i: ;now Jaw quad, Tigjride victo, ..ps r. Kruspati fuerint provincia Parthi, tta quo4 luvectvs stratus capitolia Dacis": swa , ia quod mpii Brat. Cfared. 4 Cons. THon. u reax arus tells us, ura but a. Change of labour p and Pliny h at ktod ii o cantinfluut lousy negotis pnsim,1£ F sti, inster ecIonia esti iueaa mutat iwiem leaboria, ;w eo f iguicd. with the :Political co erns of his empire,) e t vrpia its dlomestiok e(eQnun]' ancl dservea tuarve dnle l Yma from=# i pnes be croats amongst his people.. Such cares as these ALE xi 'C ceils claim'd, When tyrant France, by, boundfrs pride inflam'd, Burst her wide =limits, :and& insulting ihurI'd:, Contageous discord o'er, the slumb'riag worlld. Her fiend-like Chief,* arm'd like Chim ra , dire Now vomits forth a pestilential fire-- Rapine and falsehood feed upon his breath; Around him flit ambition, fraud, and death; k ~Alecto,+ with her -serpents, strews his way, x And glares about him a malignant ray ; While curs'd Celwno .perches ton his car, To add new horrors to his impious war. On thee, Oh! CLSAR! Europe's hopes repose; On thee, she calls to mitigate her woes; " line micant oculi; corpus tumet omne veneno. Ov. Met. lib. iii. et pallida semper Ora fame. ZEn. lib. iii. v, 217. t A monster of' Lycia, that constantly vomited flamseSee He~siod's Theog, v. s22. t One of the Furies, represented' with flamiug torches in one hand, and a whip of x scorpions in the other; her head covered with serpents, &c.-See Virg. Sri. lib. vii. and x. Sophocles, in (Edip. &c. ,Hesiod. § One of the Harpies, a winged monster with the face'of a woman, the body Iof a vulture, and her feet and fingers armed, with long. clays.-She emitted as nfcis smell, and destroyed whatever she touched. Tristius haud illis mnonstrum, unec snevior ulla Pestis et ira Dcfta Stygiis sese, evtulit undis. A.~n. lib. iii. v. 214., D" TOE ALEXA.NDRIAD. Nor calls iin vai4-for "ev'ry breeze that springs. Thy curl"ig f~anners greet'; or proudly wings Swift transport to thy troops, who, ardent glow, Againivtd scourge the mad, aggressive foe. T'heirf rattling march, Gaul's rebel -chiefs astound, ,old all her bulwarks tremble at the sound.* Thy crowding armies press the groaning earth, And~ seem to own -anew' Echion'st birth, So quick they rise ; while Pallas from afar 'Delighted, deigns to marshal out the war : The sisters too4: "fair Victory and Might, And modest Valour, arm thee for the fight-- - Primo gentes oriente coactm, Innumermque urbes, quantas in promlia nunquam E~xeivere manis : toto simul utimur orbe Quiequid signiferi comprensum limite cycli Sub Noton, et Boream hominum sunlua, arma nlovemui. Lucan, lib. vii. f. Echion was the, eltief of the armed multitude who sprang from the earth, after red nts, by the tiirection of Minerva, bad buried in it the teeth of the Dragon. t "e (fide majus) glebem cep.re moveri :, 'Pimque de suflcis acies apparuit hastow. Tegmins. mox capitum picto nutantia casio; Moua humori, pectusquo, oneratuique. brachia teli& i". rescitgue. sages elypeata viromum. AsiAa"s their fight, t s ys-. cluique superstdhbs: quorum fnit onus Echion.., + . . 595,)tells us that Valour, Might, and Victory, were the ikghtera of~Is d Styx;a and, at the request of their mother, assigned by Jupiter . e tthe (io of. li thronef TR9IE ALX AVDRIAD. Charm 'd by thy cause, theyle e hera sa1oe And with thy. ardent 'phalanx,. smiling' mov~e. Such awful =charms, as -grac'd the Thraciant god, When over Hebrue icebound fields he ::od, Now on thy princely crest imposing nod: ; Such mildness, yet, as Leda's 'son display &, When at his feet Bebryces' tyrant laid ,+ Now in thine eyes, the lightning seems to play4k And beams about an animating ray ; The coldest clod with patriot pride t' inspire, And pallid apathy with glory fire. While 'neath thy aegis Peace prepares those charms, Which soon shall bless the triumph of thy-arms;: *Qualis apud gelidi cum flumina coucitus flebri, Sanguinens Mavors clypeo increpat, atque furentes B~ella movens immnittit equos. lRn. lib. xi l. v. $30. t Pollux, accordinsg to Apollonius- ______shone like that bright star on high, Whose rising ray ilunmes the evening sky. And being challenged by Amycus, the inhospitable King of Bebrycia, defeated him. -Theocritus, in the words of Mr. Fawkes, says.- Brave Son of Jove, tho' you the conquest gain'd, With no base pride, the glorious day you stain'd. Contisnuo nova lux oculis effulsit. )En. lib, ix. And Blackmore says- What flames flew from his eyes, when he from hi, View'd the sour brows, and murdering jaws of il' Da 1 4*0 THE~ALEXANDRIAD. Justice with er 'combines the victor wreathes, And through'thy soul mild inspiration breathes; W hik Wiry from her wings culls softest down. Aond thy 'brows, to formn'an heav'nly crown.' * Unmov'd by wild ambition, makes not war To widen pow'r, but find more room for mercy. A. Hil1l's Fatal Visions. ierce in battle As the first Romans, when they went to war; Yet, after victory, more pitiful Than all their praying virgins left behind. D~ryden's Allfor Lore. FINIS. by T. M.i, 'TIS worthy praise a good intent to chew, When that is all we have the pow r to do. The gods excuse what'er is wanting more, If with a willing mind we them adore; And not less pleas'd the poor man's lamb receive, Than bullocks which the rich and mighty give.'' Baker's translation of ou~r motto. O.wm Ew, ¢uern5, &c.-R, iii. of prefaice. Endowed by nature with a peculiar quickness of thought and ituition, he coin- prehends every subject at the instant, and can as promptly decide 'upon it.- C. Nepos, referring to the same author, on the same occasion (the Life of Theris- tocles), says--De insanstibus verisnim judirabat et de futztris callidissime conjicidnst. Metuenaque flauri, &c:-P. iv. Ibid, And, fearful of the future, like a wise mn' in the time of tranquillity, makes preparation for war. Sed quantum, &c.-p, Y. Ibid. * As. far as usp tow'rds Heaven the branches grow, So far the root sinks down to Hell below. COFokyI Quem Si uon frau it, &c-Ibid. 1- Which (his father's' chariot), if he could not skilfully guide, yet he miscarried in a great attempt. 22 TRANSLATION OF QUOTATIONS. Ap ~ uiis, &c.-P. 2. Next to the raven's age, the Pylian king Was longest liv'd of any mortal thing: t1hree hundred seasons guzzling must of wine' t r Ot, 'hold awhile, and hear himself repine At Fate's unequal laws, and at the clew~, Which, merciless in length, the midmost sister drew) When his brave son upon the fun'ral pyre He saw extended, and his beard on fire : lie turn'd, and weeping, ask'd his friends what crime Had curs'd his age to that unhappy time? Diydce. Where numerous stars comsmute their various rays, And form one vast, yet mild, effulgent blaze. T sn, wrre, &c.-P. S... You, who from nature and education are alike good, benevolent, and worthy of your throne, be favourable to this undertaking. idi et Crudekes, &c.-.bid. Salnoneus,, suff'ring cruel pains, I founid For emulating Jove, the rattling sound Of mimic thunder, and the glitt'ring blaze Of pointed lightning, and its forky rays. Dryden. Jas Phxwbum acrgere, &c.--P. I. Now, tbro' night's shade the early dawning broke, And changing skies the sun's approach bespoke: But yet the morn was dress'd in dusky white, Nor purpled; o'er the east with ruddy light. Rouse. '&mna Deum pietas! &c.-Ibid. Chief of the skies, celestial Piety! Whose godhead, prie'd by those of heav'nly birth, Revisita rare these tainted realms of earth. 4ddiswe TliAi$'rATrION aT QtWTATrIN2 Quil nullam meids, Cav.-P.:l ..: No 'hand the helm more skilfully. could .guide Or stem the fury. of the boist'rous tide;w IIe knew what winds' would oit lhe n~orraw lllow,- And how the sails for safety to hestnw; Celestial signals well he could descry; Could read the radiant lights that shine tin hIgh, And tell the coming tempest of' the sky.' Roux. Coiaponitur Otrbie, &c.--P. 12. Example in a king, is nil ini all The statutes of the realm, serve less to form His subjects' manners, than the life he leads; Fior still the changeful 'vulgar ape their prince . Baker. -Such fragrant sweats as from fresh meadows rise, In gales of odours to 'refresh the skies. Perqgie dies placidos, &c.-P. 15. -.- And in winter timpe, for seven calm days, Ilalcyone sits brooding on her nest, hanging on the sea ; the seanian'course is then safe. JEolus keeps. and restrains the winds~ front sallying out. Jam qac 1',~,er goers, &.-' 0 Then first, the cov'ring snows began to flow From off the Pyrenean's heary brow; Huge rocks of ice, a thousand' ages old, O'er which the summer suns had vainly roll'd, Now. melt. Rowe. Atlantis, oinctam asuide, &e.--Jbi. Atlas, whose head supports the, starry skies; B~eat by the winds and driving rains,. he shrouds His shady forehead in surrounding clouds; With ice his horrid beard is crusted o'er; From his bleak brows the gushing torrents pour; Outspread, his mighty shoulders''heavo below, The hoary piles of everlasting snow. Pitt. Victura fertusr, &c.--Ibid, Thy glory, Trajan,'shall for ever live; Not that thy arms the Tigris miourn'd, o'ercame,. And tributary Parthia bow'd to Rome; Not that the capitol rcciv'd thy train, With shouts of triumph for the Daci slain; But for thy mildness to thy country shope, Asdiso's TBAX .'TI'ONr OF QUOTATIONS. Igue micast ocuti, &c.-P. 17. His, eyes. glare with fire, and all his body' swells with poison. Rt pdilada, &c.-And looks ever pale with famnine. Vi"; s Mtr. Pitt'has rendered it- Death in his eyes, and famine in his jaws. Titulodilsnosrn,&.Ii.But fiends to scourge mankind, so fierce, so fell, H-earv'n never sommon'd from the depths of Intl. Pitt. Pirino genees oriente Coactw, &c.-P. 18S. If men, if multitudes can make us strong: Behold what tribes unnumber'd march along! :Where e'er the zodiac turns its radiant round, Where ever earth, or people, can be found, To us the nations issue forth in swarms, And in our cause all human nature, arms. Rlot e. Ilak (fide rnajus) glebir capere nlov'ire, &e.- Ibid. The clods grow warm and crumble where be sows'; Ari now ,the pointed spears advance in rows; Now nodding plumes appear, and shining crests ; N"ow the broad shoulders and the rising breasts; fOer all the field the breathing harvest swarms, A growing host-a crop of men and arms. Addison. Q ualis aped gelide, &c.-P.19 As when on Hebrus' banks, the god of war, Flies to the combat on his iatt'ling car; Frowns, shoiats, and, mashing on his dreadful shield, Lashes his' fiery coursers to the field. Pitt. Riinque, &e.-lbid. Five remained, of whom one was Eclrion. Continuo nova lux, &c,-Ibid. Forthwith new fire burns sparkling its his eyes. Trap. M::" NA. x ULF L. .m R # r ra x* '_ I II jell i x # r r ry } M h' # IRS; $. '$ #....' x t JEM, . i # M. :.: m ME ::.