INDEX TO SECTIONS. +JT3 ^ T A B L E OF W E I G H T S OF T R A C K B O L T S . 6 T A B L E OF S P I K E S 8 T A U N T O N A N D BROCKTON S T . R A I L W A Y — O v e r h e a d T r e s t l e -.167 T E E R A I L S , S T A N D A R D SECTIONS 12 to 66 T E E R A I L SWITCH PIECES 226 to 227 TIE PLATE 201 TIE ROD ___202 TRACK CONSTRUCTION—Suggestions TRACK FASTENINGS TRACK GUIDES • T R O U G H FLOORS T R O U G H SECTIONS T U R N O U T E N D S — G i r d e r Rail TURNOUT ENDS—Tee Rail U N I O N PASSENGER WEBER JOINTS Z BARS _ _ _ STATION, BOSTON. . + 256 to 258 196 t o 212 236 --190 to 191 189 246 248 169 203 to 207 _ . 187 1900 GENERAL CATALOGUE THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY STEELTON, PENNSYLVANIA Additional Information and Prices may be obtained from the following Offices and Agents: PHILADELPHIA OFFICE-Girard Building - - NEW YORK OFFICE—No. 2 Wall Street Richard Peters, Jr., Sales Agent - - - - S. W. Baldwin, Sales Agent BOSTON OFFICE—Rooms I I &, 12 Mason Building, Cor. Milk and Kilby Streets BALTIMORE AGENTS—R. C. HOFFMAN & CO. CHICAGO AGENTS—THE Q. & C. CO. • • Equitable Building 700 to 7 I 0 Western Union Building LONDON AGENTS—SANDERS & CO. Charles S. Clark, Sales Agent MAIN OFFICES, MILLS, SHOPS AND FOUNDRIES AT S T E E L T O N , PA., A N D S P A R R O W ' S POINT, NEAR B A L T I M O R E , M D . CABLE ADDRESS—"PENNSTEEL," HARRISBURG, PA, 36 Lime Street THE MARYLAND STEEL COMPANY Whose plant is located at Sparrow's Point, near Baltimore, Md. is controlled by THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY This Works, being located on Tide-water, possesses unexcelled facilities for manufacturing Rails, Blooms, Billets, Structural Steel and Pig Iron for the Export Trade Our Export Business is all handled through the office of The Maryland Steel Co., and all communications relating to such business should be addressed to that office CABLE ADDRESS, " MARYSTEEL," BALTIMORE 669.14 P38g WE MANUFACTURE: Rails, both Tee and Girder Sections, of all weights. Frogs, Switches and Special Work for both Steam and Street Railways. Bridges, Buildings, Viaducts and Structural Steel. Bessemer, Acid Open Hearth and Basic Open Hearth Steel of any desired Quality in Blooms, Slabs, Billets, Angles, Rounds, Merchant Shapes and Forgings. Steel Castings to meet all Requirements, and Special Steels of all Grades. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Weights of Standard Track Bolts. Bolts with Square Nuts. Pounds Per Thousand. Diam. inches. y JL Ss / 3 4 78 / 1 \yb 2 in. 260 352 454 626 858 1155 1595 Z\£ in. 2K in- 1% in. 274 370 476 658 901 1210 1666 288 388 498 690 944 1265 1737 302 406 520 722 987 1320 1808 3 in. Sl£ in. 3^in. %% in. iH in. 4>i in. i% in. 4 in. 316 424 542 754 330 442 564 786 344 460 586 818 358 478 608 850 372 496 630 882 386 514 652 914 400 532 674 946 1030 1375 1879 1073 1430 1950 1116 1485 2021 1159 1540 2092 1202 1595 2163 1245 1650 2234 1288 1705 2305 5 in. Diam. inches. 414 • 428 550 568 096 718 978 1010 1331 1760 2376 1374 1815 2447 % S I IT 58 / y 7/ 1 \yi Weight of lOOONuts. 112 146 218 245 374 525 747 Bolts with Hexagon Nuts. Pounds Per Thousand. I* Diam. inches. # _!L 58 / % % 1 1# Lenrrth 2 in. 3 K in. 2 K in. %%m. 3 in. 253 327 436 597 822 267 345 458 629 865 281 363 480 661 908 295 381 502 693 951 309 399 524 725 994 1087 1513 1132 1584 1187 1655 1242 1726 1297 1797 3^in. 3^in. 3% in. 4 in. 4 M in m in- 4 % in. 5 in. 323 417 546 757 435 568 789 351 453 590 821 365 471 612 853 379 489 634 885 393 507 656 917 407 525 678 949 421 543 700 981 1037 1352 1868 1080 1407 1939 1123 1462 2010 1166 1517 2081 1209 1572 2152 1252 1627 2223 1295 1682 2294 1338 1737 2365 66 1 Diam. inches. % 9 10 n y 7/8 i i# Weight of lOOONuts. 93 122 182 216 316 462 685 12 18.86 280.0 13 20.43 22.00 258.46 14 240.00 224.00 210.0 15 16 23:57 17 l8 19 20 197.65 186.67 29.86 176.84 31-43 1 6 8 . 0 21 33-°° 22 34-57 36.14 37-7i 39- 2 9 23 24 25 26 2-7 28 29 3° 1 3 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 25.14 26,71 28.29 40.86 42.43 44.00 45-57 47.J4 48.71 50.29 51.86 53-43 55-°° 56.57 58.14 59-7i 160.00 152.72 146.09 140.00 134.4 129.23 124 4 4 120.00 115.86 112.0 108.39 105.00 101.82 98.82 96.0 93.33 90.81 62.86 64-43 88.42 86.15 84.0 81.95 66.00 80.00 61.29 43 67.57 44 69.14 45 7 0 . 7 1 46 7 2 . 2 8 47 1 73-86 78.14 76.36 74.67 73-°4 71.49 H PH ^ f-t 48 49 75-43 70.00 77.00 68.57 5° 78.57 67.20 80.14 81.71 65.88 83.29 84.86 86.43 63.40 62.22 61.09 60.00 5i 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 7i 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 88.00 89-57 91.14 92.71 94.29 95.86 97.43 99.00 100.57 102.14 103.71 105.29 106.86 108.43 110.00 II i-57 113.14 114.71 116.29 117.86 82 H9-43 121.00 122.57 124.14 125.71 127.29 128.86 33 130-43 80 81 cu 0 64.62 58.95 57.93 56.95 56.00 55.08 54.19 53-33 H 0 132.OO 40.00 133.57 90 1 9 141.43 143.00 39-53 39-°7 38.62 38.18 37-75 37-33 92 144.57 36.52 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 146.14 147.71 149.29 150.86 36.13 100 135.14 T36.71 138.29 139.86 !5 2 -43 154.00 34-29 J55-57 33.94 33.6o 33.27 3 2 .94 5°-*5 IO3 49.4i 48.70 IO4 163.43 i°5 165.00 48.00 106 166.57 47.32 46.67 107 IOI 5o.9i IC2 46.03 109 45-4i no 168.14 169.71 171.29 172.86 44.80 44.21 III 174-43 112 176.00 43.64 113 114 177.57 108 115 Il6 36.92 35-75 35.37 35-oo 34.64 157.14 158.71 160.29 161.86 42.53 42.00 41.48 40.98 40.48 H 84 85 86 87 88 89 52.50 5L69 43.08 Feet 0 rack p Ton f Rail: 0 Gross ons p Mile. ^H m T3 O A_,S Pound er Yar > u to 0 . • Gros ons ] Mile H m T3 TJ U Poun er Ya ' eet of ack per Ton Rails. ounds r Yard. Gross ons per Mile. RAI L TAB LE. 179.14 180.71 182.29 32.62 32.31 32.00 31.70 3L4o 31. n 30.83 3°-54 30.27 30.00 29.73 29.47 29.22 28.97 183.86 185.43 28.72 Il8 I I 9 187.00 I20 188.57 28.24 28.00 117 28.47 8 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. SPIKE TABLE. KEGS PER MILE OF TRACK AV'GE WEIGHT S I Z E OF No. I N SPIKES 200-LB. TIE SPACING. PER SPIKE KEG. 4 SPIKES PER T I E 6 SPIKES PER T I E 2 ft. 6 in. 2 ft. 3 in. 2 ft. 0 in. 2 ft. 6 in. 2 ft. 3 in. 2 ft. 0 in. 3* in. x 4 ^2 A a Y x 7 Tg 1 6 900 0.2222 9.39 10.43 11.73 14.08 15.65 17.60 780 in. 0.2564 10.83 12.04 13.54 16.24 18.06 20.31 7 TIT « 675 0.2963 12.52 13.91 15.64 13.78- 20.86 23.46 4 " X £ « 600 0.3333 14.08 15.65 17.60 21.12 23.47 26.40 4* " X * « 530 0.3773 15.94 17.71 19.92 23.91 26.56 29.88 5 X 2 500 0.4000 16.89 18.78 21.12 25.33 28.17 31.68 5 A 16 390 0.5128 21.66 24.07 27.08 32.50 36.10 40.61 350 0.5714 24.14 26.82 30.17 1 36.21 40.23 45.25 °2 SPECIAL S T E E L S . W E make all kinds of Special Steels, both hard and soft, either in blooms, slabs or billets, or in the usual sizes of merchant steel. W e make a specialty of low phosphorous acid open-hearth steel, made in our tilting furnaces by transferring dephosphorized molten metal from a basic furnace to an acid hearth, mixing it with low phosphorous pig-iron, and converting it into steel under the usual conditions of the acid process. This metal is used, whenever specified, for all forms of structural steel. T h e cost is slightly greater than that of ordinary basic steel, but the process appeals to those who prefer the product of the acid furnace. W e make a very soft metal with high electric conductivity. This can be supplied.in simple shapes for electric conductor bars in underground conduits, or in billets for re-rolling. It cannot be supplied in complicated shapes, owing to the difficulty with which it is rolled. W e make hard steels for springs which can be furnished in flats or in rounds, or tapered for coiling. W e make steels to suit the wants of makers of all kinds of special machinery and tools, and supply it in any of the ordinary merchant sizes, either rolled or forged. W e make blooms for forgings from acid open-hearth steel of low phosphorus. These blooms are rolled from very large ingots, the smallest ingot used being 26 inches square, and the largest 32 inches by 50 inches. T h e top third of the ingot is rejected as scrap, These blooms are made of any desired size up to 20 inches square, and 16,000 pounds weight. W e also furnish heavier pieces in rectangular sections up to 20 inches by 48 inches, weighing 20,000 pounds. Blooms of 24 inches square can be furnished with both ends left on. In other words our shears will cut 48 inches wide, but only 20 inches thick. W e make steel castings up to 25 tons' weight. All our castings, both heavy and light, are made of acid open-hearth steel below .04 per cent, in phosphorus. This purity renders annealing unnecessary. All the gear wheels and pinions on our heavy rolling mills are made of our own steel castings without annealing, and they fail by wearing out, and not by breakage. W e can anneal if so required by customers, but we do not recommend i t STANDARD SECTIONS OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS J—f SECTION NO. 2 4 7 . W e i g h t , 100 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 157.1 4 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT, SECTION No. 1247. W e i g h t , 15.8 P o u n d s per Foot of Bar. A m e r i c a n Society of Civil Engineers' Standard. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA, 13 S E C T I O N NO. 2 4 5 . W e i g h t , 9 0 P o u n d s per Y a r d . I 4 1 . 4 3 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION No. 1245. W e i g h t , 13. P o u n d s per Foot of Bar. A m e r i c a n Society of Civil Engineers' Standard. 14 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. I* 2£-SECTION NO. 2 3 5 . Weight, 8 5 P o u n d s per Yard. 133.57 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD JOINT, SECTION No. 1235. Weight, I 2 P o u n d s per Foot of Bar. Hf American Society of Civil Engineers' Standard. 5L_^U THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 15 SECTION No. 2 5 1 . Weight 8 0 Pounds per Yard. 125.7 i Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD JOINT, SECTION 1202. 2 Bars 30 in. long - - 55.00 lbs. 6 Bolts, %X4M - - - 7.25 lbs. Total - - - STANDARD Holes - \-<& - - - •<£ 6 2 . 2 5 lbs. DRILLING. Ws in. Diameter. <£)-- &}ft-5--?~6--i American Society of Civil Engineers' Standard. 16 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. SECTION No. 2 1 4 . Weight, 7 5 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 1 I 7 . 8 6 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT, SECTION 1214. 2 Bars 3 0 i n . long 6 Bolts, % i n . x 3% in. 5 2 . 5 lbs. 5.Q lbs. - Total, 5 0 . 7 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes, I in. Diameter. -6 -<£> (&- fliiV~5-4- 6--*! A m e r i c a n Society of Civil E n g i n e e r s Standard. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 17 SECTION No. 2 3 7 . Weight - - 7 0 P o u n d s per Y a r d . I IO Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1114. Rolled, % i n . T h i c k . 2 Bars 3 0 i n . long - - 5 2 . 5 lbs. i« 6 Bolts Ux3U 5.0 lbs. Total 5 7 . 5 lbs. STANDARD DRJLLING. Holes, - - - -&- — -&- | in. Diameter. -&- A m e r i c a n Society of Civil Engineers' S t a n d a r d . 18 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , STEELTOTSI, PA. S E C T I O N No. 2 3 6 . Weight, 6 5 P o u n d s per Y a r d . I 0 2 , 1 4 Cross Tons per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1236, 2 Bars, 2 4 i n . long 4 Bolts, 3 4x3M Total 3 8 . 5 lbs. 3 . 2 lbs. - 4 1 . 7 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes, I in. Diameter. ---- A m e r i c a n Society of Civil Engineers' Standard. MISCELLANEOUS STANDARD SECTIONS New Y o r k , New Haven a n d Hartford R. R. S t a n d a r d . SECTION NO. 1 0 0 . W e i g h t , IOO P o u n d s per Y a r d . I 5 7 . 1 4 Cross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1100. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. P e n n s y l v a n i a R. Standard. 23 SECTION No. 9 6 . W e i g h t , IOO P o u n d s per Y a r d . 1 5 7 . 1 4 Cross Tons per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1096. 2 Bars 3 4 i n . long 6 Bolts %x 4-H i n , 7 8 . 7 lbs. - Total, -N STANDARD u) Holes, _(£> 7.5 lbs. 8 6 . 2 lbs. - ^ DRILLING. \ys in- D i a m e t e r . (£>_ iiit-s-^-e'H i S E C T I O N NO. 1 1 6 . K>K Weight, I OO P o u n d s per Y a r d . I 5 7 . 1 4 Gross T o n s per M i l e . I 8-30 ,% - - * STANDARD JOINT. SECTION No. 1116. (0 Victorian Railways, Australia- ^ THE Philadelphia and Reading R. R. Standard. PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. 25 S E C T I O N NO. 7 7 . Weight, 90 Pounds per Yard. 141.43 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD J O I N T . SECTION 1077. 26 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. P e n n s y l v a n i a R. R Standard. S E C T I O N No. 6 7 . Weight, 8 5 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 1 3 3 . 5 7 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1067. 2 Bars 3 4 i n . long - - 6 4 . 3 lbs. If) 6BoltsMx4H- 5 . 3 lbs. Total 9 6 . 6 lbs. STANDARD Holes - --<±) — i — ^ - DRILLING. I in. Diameter. -<£> 1 1 &-1 i >d-- 5-4- 5 -4 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. 27 S E C T I O N No. 1 1 1 . Weight - • - 85 Pounds per Yard. 133.57 Cross Tons per Mile. 28 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. 5" 2£ S E C T I O N No. 1 1 9 . Weight - 83V£ P o u n d s per y a r d , 1 3 1 . 2 2 Cross T o n s per IVlile. JL 5' A _¥_ J t THE Erie Railroad Standard. PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 29 S E C T I O N No. 7 8 . Weight, 80 Pounds per Yard. 125.7 1 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD J O I N T . SECTION 1078. 30 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. New York C e n t r a l a n d Hudson River R. R. Standard. SECTION No. 2 2 0 . Weight, 8 0 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 125.7 I Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1220. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. 31 S E C T I O N No. 1 1 4 . Weight, 8 0 F o u n d s per Y a r d . I 2 5 . 7 I Cross T o n s per M i l e . I MhQ STANDARD JOINTSECTION 1114. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 32 Philadelphia and SECTION No. 7 6 . Reading R. R. S t a n d a r d . Weight, 7 9 P o u n d s per Y a r d . I 2 4 . 1 4 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1076. r"i6 ^3Z^ A-: i THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 33 SECTION No. 2 1 6 . Weight, 7 6 P o u n d s per Y a r d . I I 9 . 4 3 Cross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1216. THE 34 PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Boston a n d M a i n e R. R. Standard. S E C T I O N NO. 9 2 . Weight, 7 5 P o u n d s per Y a r d . I 17.86 Gross T o n s per M i l e . >eci< STANDARD J O I N T . SECTION 1092. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. Fall Brook R a i l w a y Standard. 35 SECTION No. 8 7 . Weight, 7 5 P o u n d s per Y a r d . I I 7 . 8 6 Gross T o n s per M i l e . i \ 1 is" J 16 * — _ m— ±_. e 29" 32" SECTION 1087. L I , / \ 27-30 STANDARD JOINT. 9 -icvj I" -Jth L r ' ; i 1 i i — r 4-^ ^ 4 36 THE New Y o r k C e n t r a l a n d Hudson River R. R. Standard. PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COIVIPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N No. 2 2 1 . Weight, 7 5 P o u n d s per Y a r d . I I 7 . 8 6 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD J O I N T . SECTION 1016. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 3? I T Cin., N. O. and Texas Pacific R. R Standard. SECTION No. 2 4 8 . 1(0 Weight, 75 Pounds per Yard. I I 7.86 Gross Tons per Mile. 13 -fSTANDARD J O I N T , J \ SECTION 1114. ^ Weightof Bar, 1 l.3lbs. perFoot. /Ol " - -V^-^---'-- IOI0J —IrO 01 I I j . JL _± I ->l 38 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. Southern Pacific R. R. Standard. SECTION No. 2 4 9 . Weight - 75 Pounds per Yard. I 17.86 Gross Tons per Mile. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 39 K-ir Bangor and Aroostook R. R. Standard. S E C T I O N No. 9 7 . Weight, 70 Pounds per Yard. ( IO Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1097. 2 Bars 30 in. long 6 Bolts Mx3Min. Total 57.0 lbs. 5.0 lbs. 62.0 lbs. P. S. CO. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes, -4) I in. Diameter. -<£> &£*--- 5 - 4 - 6 - H (&-- 40 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COIVIPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. SECTION No. 4 6 . Weight, 70 Pounds per Yard. I 10 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1046. 2 Bars 24 in. long 4 Bolts &fx3M in. 39.3 lbs. Total, STANDARD Holes, - - - 36.0 lbs. 3.3 lbs. - DRILLING. I in. Diameter --$-—<*>-. r3f'-*-5-H THE P e n n s y l v a n i a R. R. Standard. PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 41 S E C T I O N No. 5 7 . Weight, 7 0 P o u n d s per Y a r d . I 10 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1006 2 Bars 2 4 i n . long 4O.0 Ibs. 4 BoltsMx4in. 3 . 5 Ibs. Total 4 3 . 5 Ibs. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes, I in. Diameter. - — e &— 1 i i 6-BOLT JOINT. 2 Ba rs 3 0 i n . long 6 Bo Its, % x 4 i n . Total ~ ~ ! K ||L 5» - ' - - 5 0 . 0 lbs. 5.2 Ibs. - 5 5 . 2 Ibs. ' . i - 6'J-J 42 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N NO. 1 1 3 . Weight, 70 Pounds per Yard. I IO Cross Tons per Mile. 43 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. SECTION No. 6 8 . W e i g h t , eSV2 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 1 0 7 . 6 4 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1070. 44 THi PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. SECTION NO. 6 2 . Louisville a n d Nashville R. R. S t a n d a r d . Weight, 6 8 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 1 0 6 . 8 6 Gross T o n s per Rflile. STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1062. 2 Bars 2 4 i n . long 4 Bolts M x 3 ^ Total 3 3 . 0 lbs. 3 . 2 lbs. 3 6 . 2 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes. I In. Diameter. -^ < £ > . 1 i ! p-3-r—6 L ~*\ THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. 45 S E C T I O N No. 2 . Weight, 67 Pounds per Yard. 105.29 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1002. 2 Bars 30 in. long - 44.5 lbs. 6 Bolts, Ux 3% 4.7 lbs. Total 49.2 lbs. STANDARD Holes, •4) tilt- - 5- DRILLING. I in. Diameter. -<£ <&— r li 6-—j I 46 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N NO. 1 1 2 . Weight, 6 6 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 103.7 1 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD J O I N T . SECTION I I 1.2. W e i g h t of B a r , 9 . 6 lbs. per Foot. rO<0 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA, 47 3 " SECTION No. 1 1 7 . Weight, 65 Pounds per Yard. 102.1 4 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD SECTION. Trans-Siberian Railway. Chinese-Eastern Railway. 48 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COIVIPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N NO. 7 1 . W e i g h t , 6 0 K P o u n d s per Y a r d . 9 5 . 0 7 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION I 0 7 1 . THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 49 SECTION NO. 6 . Weight 60 Pounds per Yard. 94.29 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1057. 2 Bars 24 in. long - - 36.0 lbs. - 3.3 lbs. 4 Bolts Mx3M 39.3 lbs. Total S T A N D A R D DRILLING. Holes - I in. Diameter. -i>- - & - - • 6-BOLT J O I N T . 2 Bars 30 in. long 4 5 lbs. 6BoltsMx3M - - - 5 lbs. Total - - 50 lbs S T A N D A R D DRILLING. --4) l.ic"' -<£> & —II I — I I rilit-- 5—s— 6--*} 50 T H E PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA, S E C T I O N NO. 6 3 . Weight, 58K Pounds per Yard. 91.54 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1063. 2 Bars 24 in. long - 29.5 lbs. 4 Bolts %x3U 3.0 lbsTotal - - 32.5 lbs. S T A N D A R D DRILLING. Holes - I in. Diameter. I V r ! !— f I , THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA, 51 S E C T I O N No. 7 . Weight 5 8 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 9 1 . 1 4 Cress T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1057. 2 B a r s 2 4 i n . long - 4Bolts^x3M 3 3 . 0 lbs. 3 . 3 lbs. Total 3 6 . 3 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes - - - . . | in. Diameter. h—«?—-f r-3if-f-5"^i 6-BOLT J O I N T . 2 Bars 3 0 i n . long - 4 1.5 lbs. 6 Bolts 94x3% Total 5 . 0 lbs. - - - - - - 4 6 . 5 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. -6— --$'il5"! r- jl ' HSt"" 5--*— -£>/^l" I 6-T-J T h i s Section may be rolled to w e i g h 5 6 lbs. to 6 0 lbs. per y a r d . 52 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. I I SECTION No. 5 1 . Weight 5 6 P o u n d s per Yard. 8 8 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1057. 2 Bars 2 4 in. long 4 Bolts Mx 3Y2 - - - 3 6 . 0 lbs. 3 . 2 lbs. - 3 9 . 2 lbs. Total STANDARD DRILLING. Holes I in. Diameter. --!—©—&— -i> I _,c" I tr» I 6-BOLT JOINT. 2 Bars 30 in. long 6 Bolts Hx 3Y2 4 9 . 8 lbs. Total -<£> 45.0 lbs. 4.8 lbs. - o <£>-- iltft-.5"4-6BH THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. 53 S E C T I O N NO. 3 0 . Weight, ' 5 6 Pounds per Yard. 88 Cross"Tons per Mile. STANDARD J O I N T . SECTION 1022. 2 Bars 24 in. long - 27.5 lbs. 4 Bolts Ux3U - 3.2 lbs. Total - - 30.7 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes I in. Diameter. — ^ > — 6 — Revised,"January, : 54 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N NO. 2 2 . Weight 50 Pounds per Yard. 78.57 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1022. 2 Bars 24 in. long 4Bolts 3 4x33€ Total - 27.5 lbs. 3.5 lbs. 31.0 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes I In. Diameter. •—9 &— -5-i 6-BOLT JOINT. 2 Bars 30 in. long 6 Bolts Hx3U - - 34.5 lbs. 5.3 lbs. Total 39.8 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. -4) ill5"! -o _ I I 1 <&-^11 I t l S t - - 5 - * - 6-~* THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 55 SECTION No. 2 5 . W e i g h t - 5 0 Pounds per Y a r d . 7 8 . 5 7 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 925. 2 Bars 2 4 i n . long 4 Bolts M x 3 15 lbs. Total STANDARD DRILLING. Holes I in. Diameter. —-?' Z|5" ',_ -4>pr" I THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. SECTION No. 1 0 5 . Weight 50 Pounds per Yard. 78.57 Gross Tons per Mile. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 57 SECTION No. 8 8 . Weight 48 Pounds per Yard. 75.43 Gross Tons per Mile. STANDARD J O I N T . SECTION 1022. 2 Bars 24 in. long - - - 4BoltsMx3M Total Holes 27.5 lbs. 3.5 lbs. 31.0 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. - - - - | ,-n> Diameter. fe. L__^ » zf5 « i _i, , 6-BOLT J O I N T . 2 Bars 30 in. long 6 Bolts Mx3M Total 34.5 lbs. 5.3 lbs. 39.8 lbs. S T A N D A R D DRILLING. }-<£) 4 (&— «^5"-7-6H 58 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N NO. 3 6 . W e i g h t - 4 5 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 7 0 . 7 1 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1032. 2 Bars 1794 i n . long - 17.0 lbs. 4 Bolts Vax3 - Total - 2 . 2 lbs. 19.2 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes - % in. Diameter. - I For Plain Splice Bars, see page 72. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. S E C T I O N NO. 4 4 . Weight , 4 5" "Q- 3 0 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 4 7 . 1 4 Cross T o n s Per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 1043. 2 Bars 17 i n . long - - - - 12.2 lbs 4 Bolts & x 2^ Total 1.5 lbs. - 13.7 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes - - - - it i n . D i a m e t e r . -J-$—-$- — I y >*- L2i-4iJ For Plain Splice Bars, see page 72. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. 63 S E C T I O N No. 4 5 . Weight - - - - 2 5 Pounds per Y a r d . 3 9 . 2 9 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 945. 2 Bars 17 i n . long 6 . 3 lbs. 4 Bolts A x 2 ^ 1.5 lbs. Total 7 . 8 lbs. STANDARD DRILLING. Holes fi i n . D i a m e t e r . " < & — $ L 2 i- 4 ij ™ THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N NO. 4 7 . Weight 2 0 P o u n d s Per Y a r d , 3 1.43 Gross T o n s per M i l e . STANDARD JOINT. SECTION 947. 2 Bars 16 i n . long , 4 . 4 lbs. 4 Bolts A x 2 ^ Total I.O lbs. - STANDARD Holes - 5.4 lbs. DRILLING. -H i n . D i a m e t e r . •|00 K>|0O ! SECTION NO. 1 2 3 6 . Weight - - 9.52 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec. No. 236, Page 18. SECTION No. 1 0 6 7 . Weight f 1.47 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec. No. 6 7 , P a g e 76, " 77, " 87, " 236, " 26. 32. 25. 35. 18, fairly. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. SECTION No. 1 0 8 7 . Weight - - 10.50 Pounds per Foot. Fits S e c . No. " " " " 87, Page 77, " 76, " 67, " 35. 25. 3 2 , fairly 26. SECTION NO. 1 0 8 9 . Weight I 2.89 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec. No. I 14, Page 3 I, fairly. " 237, " 17. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N NO. 1 0 1 2 . Weight 13.92 Pounds per Foot each Bar. Rolled for Boston & Albany Railroad. 95-lb. Rail. 89 90 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. SECTION No. 1114. Weight I I .3 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec. No. I 14, Page 3 1 . " 77, " 25. " 87, " 35. " 237, " 17. NOTE.-For Sec. 237 this Splice must be rolled % inch thick, weight 9.4 Pounds per foot. SECTION No. 1 0 1 5 . Weight I O.I 67 Pounds per Foot. Rolled for New York Central & Hudson River R. R "Dudley" 65-lb. Rail. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. = i ' tolto i oj r i L • 45 64" "8" y^. »IS ! JL_. SECTION No. 1 2 1 4 . Weight 10.50 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec. No. 2 I 4, Page 16. SECTION No. 1 0 9 7 . Weight - I 1.37 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec. No. 97, Page 3 9 . 91 92 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA SECTION NO. 1 0 7 8 . Weight - - 12.60 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec, No. 78, Page 29, SECTION No. 1 0 1 3 . Weight - I I . 1 6 7 Pounds per Foot. Rolled for Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg R. R, . THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 93 . - — X - --H^s SECTION NO. 1 2 0 2 . Weight 12.2 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec. No. 78, Page 2 9 . B^UJS^ SECTION No. 1 0 1 6. Weight I 1.062 Pounds per Foot- Rolled for New York Central & Hudson River R. R. 1891 Pattern, 80-lb. Rail. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA 94 - '~r SECTION NO. 1 0 9 6 . Weight 13.88 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec. No. 96, Page 23. " 92, " 34. SECTION No. 1 0 7 2 . Weight M . I 6 Pounds per Foot. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N NO. 1 0 9 2 . Weight I 1.28 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec. No. 92, Page 34. " 96, " 23. "235, " 14, fairly. 96 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 1'" -1tI 9." Ii6 L—45"—1 J -li" T 64 T 16 SECTION NO. 1 1 0 0 . Weight SECTION No. 1 0 9 9 . Weight - - - 14.125 Pounds per Foot, - - 15.937 Pounds per Foot. Fits Sec. No. IOO, Page 22. Fits Sec. No. 100, Page 22. New York Central and Hudson River Railroad Standard. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 97 -J-34-R^di_u IMS. SECTION No. 1 2 2 0 . Weight - - - | | . 6 6 7 P o u n d s per Foot. Fits Sec. No. 2 2 0 , P a g e 3 0 . SECTION No. 1 0 1 7 . Weight M . I 2 P o u n d s per Foot. 6 i n . lOO-lb. R a i l . Rolled for N. Y . C. & H. R. R. R. HIGH TEE AND GIRDER RAILS FOR STREET RAILWAYS. , STEELTON, PA SECTION No. 2 5 3 . Weight 5 6 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 8 8 Gross Tons per M i l e . 6 0 Feet of T r a c k per T o n . STANDARD JOINT DRILLING. 2&:^-*f Joints, 2 6 i n . long. Six Bolts, %x3M i n . 2 Joint P l a t e s 6 Bolts 3 4 . 0 0 lbs. 6 . 2 5 lbs. Total 4 0 . 2 5 lbs. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STE ELTON, PA. 101 SECTION No. 2 0 9 . Weight, 6 0 P o u n d s per Y a r d . 9 4 . 2 9 Cross T o n s per M i l e . 5 6 Feet of T r a c k per T o n . STANDARD JOINT DRILLING. \ T" 21" *—I *fc4i&4& Joint, 2 6 i n . long. Six Bolts, % x 3 i n . 2 Joint P l a t e s - 3 6 . 0 lbs. 6 Bolts 6 . 0 lbs. Total 4 2 . 0 lbs. 102 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA f S E C T I O N NO. 2 4 2 . Weight 62 Pounds per Yard. 97.43 Cross Tons per Mile. 54.19 Feet of Track per Ton. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 103 SECTION No. 2 0 6 . Weight, 70 Pounds per Yard. I 10 Cross Tons per Mile. 48 Feet of Track per Ton of Rails. •O < M Joint, 26 in. long. Eight Bolts, :;i x 3 in. Weight of 2 Plates 4 I .O lbs. Weight of 8 Bolts 6.0 lbs. Total 47.0 lbs. 104 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA SECTION No. 8 5 . Weight, 70 Pounds per Yard. I IO Gross Tons per Mile. 48 Feet of Track per Ton of Rails. STANDARD JOINT DRILLING. 2X •a&- 4*' A" A Joint, 26 i n . long. Six Bolts, % x 3 i n . 2 Joint Plates 39.0 lbs. 6 Bolts 6.0 lbs. Total 45.0 lbs. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 105 SECTION No. 2 0 4 . W e i g h t , 7 5 P o u n d s per Y a r d . I I 7 . 8 6 Gross T o n s per M i l e . 4 4 . 8 0 Feet of T r a c k per T o n of R a i l s . STANDARD JOINT DRILLING. M 2ft^4i'4U''^ Joint 2 6 i n . long. Six Bolts, %x3 2 Joint P l a t e s 6 Bolts Total in. 3 9 . 0 lbs. 6 . 0 lbs. 4 5 . 0 lbs. 106 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA, SECTION No. 8 6 . /////. Weight, 8 2 P o u n d s per Yard. Six-Inch Guard Rail for Curves. ; C D * K 9- THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 107 SECTION No. 9 4 . Weight, 72 Pounds per Yard. I I 3.1 4 Tons per Mile of Track. 46.67 Feet of Track per Ton of Rails. ..!.. STANDARD JOINT DRILLING. 2§§>2i$- 44--+- J-—I .i-.E Joint, 26 in. long. Six Bolts, I x 3' i in. 2 Joint Plates 6 Bolts - - 50.0 lbs. 8.0 lbs. Total 58.0 lbs. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA S E C T I O N No. Weight, 80 Pounds Yard. T _>L. Takes same Joint as Section 94.—See page 107. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA, 109 1 0 ._-*•_ 110 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , Takes same J o i n t as Section 94. See page I 07. PA. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA 111 (0 PA. I S E C T I O N NO. 2 1 7 . ' I . | Weight, 86 Pounds per Y a r d . I 35. i 4 Tons per Mile. 39.07 Feet of Track per Ton of Rails. This Section is adapted to Steam Railroad Tracks in paved streets, or for Electric Roads over w h i c h cars from Steam Roads are to be hauled. STANDARD JOINT DRILLING. Joint Plates, 30 i n . long. Six Bolts, I in x 3 4 in. 2 Plates weigh 6 Bolts weigh Total - 6 1.0 lbs. 8.5 lbs. 69.5 lbs, 114 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N No. 2 5 5 . Weight, 90 Pounds per Yard. I 4 1.43 Cross Tons per Mile. C O Havana Electric Railway Co., Havana, Cuba. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 115 SECTION No. 2 5 6 . s"*— Weight, 8 5 P o u n d s per Yard. 133.57 Cross Tons per Mile. * • - -/, *[£) V 116 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. SECTION No. 2 5 7 . Weight, 85 Pounds per Yard. I 33.57 Cross Tons per Mile. IT) Honolulu Rapid Transit and Land Co., Sandwich Islands. _ _*. ,L H THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. SECTION No. 2 1 2 . 117 118 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N No. 2 1 5 . THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. SECTION 119 234. Weight MO Pounds per Yard. lied specially for the Metropolitan Street Railway Co., New York City. 1 0 __t 120 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N . PA. S E C T I O N No. 2 2 7 . Weight 91.14 Tons per Mile. 5 8 Pounds per Yard. 57.93 Feet of Track per Ton of Rails. Slot Rail for Conduit Electric or Cable Railways. Used by the Metropolitan Street Railway Co., New York City. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N No. 2 1 3 . Weight 67 Pounds per Yard. 105.29 Tons per Mile. 50.1 5 Feet of Track per Ton of Rails. Slot Rail for Conduit Electric or Cable Railways. 121 122 •*•- THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. jr IV/ST"" feT S E C T I O N No. 2 5 2 . »l?> J" Weight, 66 Pounds per Yard. I 0 3 . 7 I Cross Tons per Mile. Special Slot Rail, Compagnie Francais Thomson-Houston, Paris, France. 7,9 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. S E C T I O N No. 9 3 . 123 ~/ 6 — THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA 133 i 10 _i.. 134 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. W e i g h t , I 0 7 Pounds per Y a r d . I 6 8 . 1 4 Gross T o n s per M i l e of T r a c k . 3 1 . 4 0 Feet of T r a c k per T o n of R a i l s . S t a n d a r d Joint O. See page I 4 0 . THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 135 S E C T I O N No. 2 3 0 . lO _i_ 136 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. SECTION No. 2 0 8 . _i_. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA SECTION No. 2 5 0 . Weight - 128 Pounds per Yard. Standard Guard Rail for Street-Railway Curves. Note: This is the Heaviest Guard Rail Rolled. ir>|co -|w (II .JL. 138 Standard Joints for Deep Girder Rails. NAME OF J O I N T . 3 2S : 6"—£2«1 ?:^ - - te 4h -4) -2$— 6'—J B - ^ - 9' 'Ik'' 2ft" - ^ -6"—*r-.4tt- -6- O c 6 : 2 -%P>: w -4ft- -e—^s' 2i"\ 34" -3i^ a £ = $ = 5 ^ •&^¥- -34*H 2 Plates, 26 in. long, A in. thick 8 Bolts, I in. x 3U in. Total . . . . 2 Plates, 38 in. long, j% in. thick. 12 Bolts, I in. x 3% in. 73.3 lbs. 1 1.7 lbs. 85.0 lbs. 107.0 lbs. 17.5 lbs. 124.5 lbs. Total 2 Plates, 32 in. long, & in. thick 12 Bolts, I in. x 3% in. Total 90.0 lbs. 17.5 lbs. 107.5 lbs. w H •*•» D 2 Plates, 22 in. long, j% in. thick 8 Bolts, 1 in. x 3K in. | O 62.0 lbs. 1 1.7 lbs. 73.7 lbs. Total c o E ^ 9 ha: 2 Plates, 36 in. long, A in. thick 12 Bolts, I in. x 3^£ in. -6'- 34" 1- har- 101.2 lbs. 17.5 lbs. 1 18.7 lbs. Total -6- CI6 Any of the above Joints may be applied to Sections 200, 2 0 1 , 208, 2 19, 230 or 240. 2 Plates, 36 in. long, 12 Bolts, 1*4 i n . x 4 in., 9' T " J i I —Joint O for Section 228 only. Total - - - - 108.0 lbs. 2 5 . 0 lbs. 133.0 lbs. 139 Standard Joints for Deep Girder Rails. N A M E OF J O I N T . — & 0- h-4'-4I 2k" P —- --© -8'- -4H -©-- ;1 5 • -^ 2t"ts3 i "-^- 5"- 89.0 lbs. I2.0 lbs. I 0 I . 0 lbs. Total 2 Plates, 32 in. long, & in. thick 12 Bolts, I in. x 4 in. Total - :2i^5_-^;^-^ - 2 Plates, 29 in. long, % in. thick 8 Bolts, 1 in. x 4 in. 90.0 lbs. I8.Q lbs. I 08.0 lbs. 0 3 9'3i7 _. e--—-©-3H — • © — - - < $ > - Total - - - - - 70.0 lbs. Boston Elevated Ry. Standard Joint. K M* J. J * -4 -6- ffi- --•$ © h— 6"—}• --© ffi- ffi6"—k-3=H ©- Joints C, H and K are applied to Sections 222, 223 and 226. 2 Plates, 36 in. long, % in. thick I 2 Bolts, I in. x 3V& in. thick Total - - - - I 18.4 lbs. I9.9lbs. 138.3 lbs. Standard Joints for Deep Girder Rails. <•- o © •o CO E 8 --© * 31" \— 6 k - -©-3i'H ©—---©- Lr C3 IC o o ©-- I 811" 3ft* L21 4 - -d) 2 "0 -o - © — --© -6"—I s>- r— e -©— ©- L_I—6"—L2" -ffi -: "i 2 Joints L, M a n d N a r e applied to Sections 9 3 a n d 2 0 3 only. 2 P l a t e s , 2 6 i n . Ions, T% i n . t h i c k 8 Bolts. % i n . x 334 i n . Total - 2 P l a t e s , 3 2 i n . long, T i n . t h i c k % 12 Bolts, I i n . x 3£ i n . Total 6 2 . 0 lbs. 8 . 3 lbs. 7 0 . 3 lbs. 7 8 . 1 lbs. 16.9 lbs. 9 5 . 0 lbs. •<£>" 2 P l a t e s , 3 2 i n . long, & i n . t h i c k 12 Bolts, I i n . x 3£ i n . Total 78.1 lbs. 16.9 lbs. 9 5 . 0 lbs. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 141 —>l. Conduit Plate used by the ^Metropolitan Traction Company, New York City. Weight, I 6 Pounds per Yard. Conductor Bar used by the Metropolitan Traction Company, Third Ave. R.R. Co., New York City. Weight, 2 I Pounds per Yard. 142 T H E P E N N S Y L V A N I A S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. City z (J) H m m r o o u > z •< H m m r H O z > The structure is composed of three independent double-track bridges of 1 14-ft. span, measured from Channel edge of rolling segment. Bridge was erected in vertical position to avoid interruption to navigation. Height of traveler, 175 ft. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Six-Track Rolling Lift Bridge, Ft. Point Channel, Boston, Mass. New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad Company. Three Spans erected and partiy counterweighted, ready for preliminary lowering test. 1 Six-Track Rolling Lift Bridge, Ft. Point Channel, Boston, Mass. New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad Company. H X m m z z 0) -< r < > z H m m o o s > Z -< 0) H m m r H O z •D > T h e three independent leaves are each operated by a 50-H. P. Electric Motor controlled from one operator's cab. The above view was taken during preliminary test of first leaf. THE PENNSYLVANIA Charlestown Draw Bridge. S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N . PA. Boston Transit Commission, Boston, Mass. Span, 237 ft.; total width, 100 ft. Designed for three 25-ft. Roadways, two 10-ft. Sidewalks and a Double-Track Elevated Road. Diameter of Drum, 54 ft., supported on 70 Cast Steel Rollers, 27-inch diameter, 12-inch face. 176 THE PENNSYLVANIA Charlestown Draw Bridge. S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA Boston Transit Commission, Boston, Mass- Above view shows completed structure prior to removal of supporting false work and combination steel and wooden traveler used during erection. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , The Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada. St. Annes de Bellevue. PA. 177 Ottawa RiverjjBridge, Erection of double-track 206-ft. pin connected through span; the old tubular bridge, which new structure replaces, is still seen in position. O w i n g to rapidity of current, trestiing was not feasible, and it became necessary to support steel work during construction on temporary erection trusses. Traffic was maintained d u r i n g erection. 178 THE PENNSYLVANIA Norfolk & Western Railway. S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. James River Bridge, near Mt. Athos, Va. Bridge is composed of 5 spans 112 ft. long of riveted construction and 2 plate girder spans 49 ft. each, replacing an old Fink truss structure. Traffic was maintained during construction, the heavy grade necessitating two pushers at rear end of freight trains. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Seven-Story Steel Frame Apartment House For Colonial Real Estate Trust, Boston, Mass. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 181 CHE L ^ E™EspT0AL STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS — Structural and Special Open-Hearth Plate and Rivet Steel As adopted by The Association of American Steel Manufacturers on August 9, 1895, Revised July 17, 1896, and since formally approved by the following Companies: B E T H L E H E M IRON CO., CAMBRIA IRON CO., CARBON STEEL CO., CARNEGIE STEEL CO., LTD., CENTRAL IRON WORKS, CLEVELAND ROLLING MILL CO., COLORADO F U E L AND IRON CO., GLASGOW IRON CO., STRUCTURAL PROCESS OF PACIFIC ROLLING MILL CO., PASSAIC ROLLING MILL CO., PAXTON ROLLING MILLS, PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L CO., tested. T w o test pieces shall be taken from each melt or blow of finished material, one for tension and one for bending. STEEL. MANUFACTURE. (i) Steel m a y be made by either the Open-hearth process. TEST PIECES. I L L I N O I S STEEL CO., J O N E S & LAUGHLINS, LTD., LUKENS IRON AND STEEL CO.. OTIS STEEL CO., LTD., or Bessemer (2) All tests and inspections shall be made at the place of manufact u r e prior to shipment. (3) T h e tensile strength, limit of elasticity and ductility shall be determined from a standard test piece cut from t h e finished material. T h e standard shape of t h e test piece for sheared plates shall be as shown by t h e following s k e t c h : (3#) Material which is to be used without annealing or further treatment is to be tested in t h e condition in which it comes from the rolls. W h e n material is to be annealed or otherwise treated before use, t h e specimen representing such material is to be similarly treated before testing. (4) E v e r y finished piece of steel shall be stamped with t h e blow or melt number, and steel for pins shall have the blow or melt numbers stamped on t h e ends. Rivet and lacing steel, and small pieces for pin plates and stiffeners, m a y be shipped in bundles, securely wired together, with a blow or melt number on a metal tag attached. f&rdl/el Section Not less than 9" CHEMICAL. • r *gtc PIECE TO BE OF SAME THICKNESS AS T H E PLATE. MEDIUM STEEL. (11) U l t i m a t e strength, 60,000 to 70,000 pounds per square inch. Elastic limit, not less than one-half t h e ultimate strength. Elongation, 22 per cent. Bending test, 180 degrees to a diameter equal to thickness of piece tested, without fracture on outside of bent portion. STEEL. PROPERTIES. (12) Pins made from either of the above-mentioned grades of steel shall, on a specimen test piece cut at a depth of one inch from surface of finished material, fill the physical requirements of the grade of steel from which t h e y are rolled, for ultimate strength, elastic limit, and bending, but t h e required elongation shall be decreased 5 per cent. (6) Steel for buildings, train sheds, h i g h w a y bridges and similar structures shall not contain more than .10 per cent, of phosphorous. (7) Steel for railway bridges shall not contain more than .08 per cent, of phosphorous. PHYSICAL On tests cut from other material the test piece m a y be either t h e s a m e as for plates, or it may be planed or turned parallel throughout its entire l e n g t h . T h e elongation shall be measured on an original length of 8 inches, except w h e n the thickness of t h e finished material is T% inch or less, in which ca^e t h e elongation shall be measured in a length equal to six-teen times the thickness; and except in rounds of % inch or less in diameter, in which case the elongation shall be measured in a length equal to eight times the diameter of section STEEL. PIN ij • : ^ * r+ SOFT (xo) U l t i m a t e strength, 52,000 to 62,000 pounds per square inch. Elastic limit, not less t h a n one-half t h e ultimate strength. Elongation, 25 per cent. Bending test, 180 degrees flat on itself, without fracture on outside of bent portion. FINISH. (5) Finished bars must be free from injurious seams, flaws or cracks, and have a workmanlike finish. About 3 POTTSTOWN IRON CO., POTTSVILLE IRON AND STEEL CO., SPANG STEEL AND IRON CO. PROPERTIES. (8) Structural steel shall be of three grades : R i v e t , S o f t and Medium. RIVET STEEL. (9) U l t i m a t e strength, 48,000 to 58,000 pounds per square inch. Elastic limit, not less than one-half the ultimate strength. Elongation, 26 per cent. Bending test, 180 degrees flat on itself, without fracture on outside of bent portion, EYE-BAR STEEL. (13) E y e - b a r material, J.% inches and less in thickness, made of either of the above mentioned grades of steel, shall, on test pieces cut from finished material, fill t h e requirements of t h e grade of steel from which it is rolled. For thickness greater t h a n r% inches, there will be allowed a reduction in percentage of elongation of 1 per cent, for each % of an inch increase of thickness, to a minimum of 20 per cent, for medium steel, and 22 per cent, for soft steel. FULL SIZE TEST OF STEEL EYE-BARS. (14) Full size tests of steel eye-bars shall b e required to show not less t h a n 10 p e r cent, elongation in the body of the bar, and tensile 182 strength not more than 5,000 pounds below t h e minimum tensile strength required in specimen tests of t h e grade of steel from which they are rolled, T h e bars will be required to break in t h e body, b u t should a bar break in the head, b u t develop 10 per c e n t , elongation and t h e ultimate strength specified, it shall not be cause for rejection, provided not more than one-third of the total n u m b e r of bars tested break in the head ; otherwise the entire lot will be rejected. TABLE OF ALLOWANCES ANGULAR PLATES THICKNESS PLATE. FOR LESS OVERWEIGHT FOR THAN \i INCH IN RECT- THICKNESS. W I D T H OF PLATE. OF U p to 50 in. X in. up to 3% in. 10 per cent. 50 in. and above. 15 per cent. 8K VARIATION IN WEIGHT. 7 (15) T h e variation in cross-section or weight of more than 2% per cent, from t h a t specified will be sufficient cause for rejection, except in t h e case of sheared plates, which will be covered b y t h e following permissible variations, provided that no plate shall be rejected for light g a u g e measuring 1-100 inch or less below the ordered thickness. (15a) Plates 1 2 ^ pounds per square foot or heavier, when ordered to weight shall not average more t h a n 2% per cent, variation above or 2% per cent, below t h e theoretical weight. (i5<5) Plates from 10 to 12% pounds per square foot, w h e n ordered to weight shall not average a greater variation than the following: STRUCTURAL CAST IRON. (1) E x c e p t w h e n chilled iron is specified, all castings shall be tough gray iron, free from injurious cold-shuts or blow holes, true to p a t t e r n , and of a workmanlike finish. Sample pieces one inch square, cast from t h e same h e a t of metal in sand moulds, shall be capable of sustaining, on a clear span of 4 feet 8 inches, a central load of 500 pounds when tested in t h e rough bar. U p to 75 inches wide, 2% p e r cent, above or 2 ^ per cent, below t h e theoretical weight. 75 inches a n d over, 5 per cent, above or 5 per cent, below t h e theoretical weight. SPECIAL OPEN-HEARTH PLATE (15c) R e c t a n g u l a r plates % inch thick and heavier, w h e n ordered to g a u g e , shall not average a greater variation t h a n the following : TABLE OF ALLOWANCES ANGULAR PLATES N O T E . — T h e weight •pounds. of FOR PLATE. OVERWEIGHT x /i INCH THICK AND FOR AND RIVET STEEL. RECT- HEAVIER. TEST TS u facture prior to shipment. W I D T H OF PLATE. (2) T h e tensile s t r e n g t h , limit of elasticity and ductility shall be determined from a standard test piece cut from the finished material. T h e standard shape of t h e test piece for sheared plates shall b e as shown b y the following sketch : U p to 75 m . 75 in. to 100 in. Over 100 in. 7 6 " 5 A " % " Over % 10 per cent. 8 " U IS V2 " PIECES. (1) All tests and inspections shall be m a d e at t h e place of manu- /A0.1* ^ 34 inch. \% 4 Z% '' " " kl " " 14 per cent. 18 per cent. 11 " 16 " 10 " 13 " 10 " 7 6% 6 " " " 9 " sy2 " 8 4t 5 " 6% '" Not less than 9* About U 8 (x$d) R e c t a n g u l a r plates under *4 i n c n i n thickness, when ordered to gauge shall not average a greater variation t h a n the following: J Z r. £*r*r*etc •About-18- CHEMICAL -- -' PIECE TO BE OF SAME THICKNFSS AS T H E PLATE. On tests cut from other material the test piece m a y be either t h e same as for plates, or it may be planed or t u r n e d parallel t h r o u g h o u t its entire length. T h e elongation shall be measured on an original length of 8 inches, except when the thickness of the finished material PROPERTIES. (6) T h e m a x i m u m allowable limits of phosphorus and sulphur shall be as follows : (6a) On Flange or Boiler Steels, .06 per cent, of phosphorus and .04 per cent, of sulphur. (6b) On Fire Box and E x t r a Soft Steels, .04 per cent, of phosp h o r u s and .04 per cent, of sulphur. (6c) On Boiler Rivet Steel, .04 per cent, of phosphorus and .04 p e r cent, of sulpbur. PROPERTIES.—EXTRA SOFT STEEL. (7) U l t i m a t e strength, 45,000 to 55,000 pounds p e r square inch. Elastic limit, not less than one-half the ultimate strength. Elongation, 26 per cent. Cold and Q u e n c h Bends, 180 degrees flat on itself without fracture on outside of b e n t portion. FIRE BOX STEEL. (8) U l t i m a t e strength, 52,000 to 62,000 pounds per square inch. Elastic limit not less than one-half the'ultimate strength. Elongation, 26 per cent. Cold and Q u e n c h Bends, 180 degrees flat on itself without fracture on outside of bent portion. FLANGE . ^ . . . . J??*]!?l_ Section _ L* i is ^ inch or less, in which case t h e elongation shall b e measured in a length equal to sixteen times t h e t h i c k n e s s ; and except in rounds of % inch or less in diameter, in which case the elongation shall be measured in a length equal to eight times t h e diameter of section tested. Four test pieces shall be taken from each melt of finished material, two for tension a n d two for bending. (3) Material which is to be used w i t h o u t annealing or further treatment is to be tested in t h e condition in which it comes from t h e rolls. W h e n material is to be annealed or otherwise treated before use, t h e specimen representing such material is to be similarly treated before testing. (4) E v e r y finished piece of steel shall be stamped with the melt n u m b e r . R i v e t steel m a y b e shipped in bundles, securely wired together, with t h e melt n u m b e r on a metal tag a t t a c h e d . (5) All plates shall be free from surface defects and h a v e a workmanlike finish. PHYSICAL rolled steel is taken a t o 2833 1 cu. in. THICKNESS OF % 7 N, PA. T H E P E N N S Y L V A N I A S T E E L COMPANY, OR BOILER STEEL. (g) U l t i m a t e strength, 52,000 to 62,000 pounds per square inch. Elastic limit not less t h a n one-half the ultimate strength. Elongation, 25 per cent. Cold and Q u e n c h B e n d s , 180 degrees flat on itself without fracture on outside of bent portion. BOILER RIVET STEEL. (10) Steel for boiler rivets shall be made of the extra soft quality specified in p a r a g r a p h N o . 7. VARIATION IN WEIGHT. T h e allowances for overweight are to be t h e same as given above u n d e r the h e a d of Structural SteeJ. ,AA THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 183 The Pennsylvania Steel Co.'s Angles. UNEQUAL LEGS. SIZE. 1 Thick. Inches. 8x6 tt % H % 11 T5" % Weight Area Per Ft. Sq. I*. 12.2 42.0 39.1 11.5 36.2 10.7 33.4 | 9.85 30.6 j 9.00 28.0 8.23 SIZE. Inches. 5x4 Tli . „ t | W e i g h t A r e a ' SIZE. P e r F t . Sq. In. Inches. % T"6 % TTf A T"6 % 6x4 % 13 % 11 Tff % 9 T"g" A A 6x3K it % H % A 3^ % 27.2 25.4 23.6 21.8 20.0 18.1 16.2 14.3 12.3 10.3 7.99 7.47 6.94 6.41 5.88 24.0 22.3 20.6 18.9 17.1 15.3 13.5 11.6 7.06 6.56 6.06 i 5.55 5.03 4.50 3.97 3.42 1 5x3K A % 5.32 I 4.76 i 4.20 3.61 3.03 7 s 4 M 5x3 U ii A A A M A SIZE. Inches. Thick. W e i g h t A r e a P e r F t . Sq. In. 21.1 19.5 17.8 16.2 14.5 12.8 11.0 9.3 6.21 5.73 5.23 4.76 1 4.26 1 3.76 1 3.23 2.73 4^x3 % A A A % A 14.6 13.3 11.9 10.5 9.1 7.7 4.31 3.91 3.50 3.09 2.67 2.26 19.8 18.3 16.8 15.2 13.6 12.0 10.4 8.8 7.2 5.82 j 5.38 4.94 4.47 4.00 3.53 3.05 2.58 2.12 4x3K ii T~5 15.9 14.6 13.3 11.9 10.5 9.1 7.7 6.2 4.68 4.31 j 3.91 3.50 3.09 2.67 2.26 1.82 18.5 17.1 15.7 14.2 12.8 11.3 9.8 8.3 6.7 5.44 5.03 4.61 4.18 3.76 3.32 2.87 2.44 1.97 % A A A Thick. W e i g h t A r e a P e r F t . Sq. In. 3 ^ x 3 ~% A % A % A 3K x 2A 3x2^ A 7 T"6 t ft 7 T6" % A li 4x3 % 9 A. A %. A a 13.6 12.3 11.1 9.8 8.5 7.1 5.9 4.00 3.62 3.262.87 2.49 2.09 1.73 3x2 i A X A % A M A A 12.5 11.4 10.2 9.1 7.8 6.6 5.3 3.68 3.35 3.00 2.68 2.29 1.93 1.56 9.4 8.3 7.2 6.1 4.9 2.76 2.44 2.12 1.79 1.44 9.5 8.5 7.6 6.6 5.5 4.5 • 2.78 2.50 2.23 1.94 1.61 1.81 8.6 7.7 6.8 5.9 5.0 4.1 3.6 3.2 2.53 2.25 2.00 1.73 1.47 1.20 1.05 .94 P E N N S Y L V A N I A S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. The Pennsylvania Steel Co.'s Angles. EQUAL LEGS. SIZE. Inches. 8x8 i Area. Thick. I Weight. Sq. In. Per Ft. ! 52.0 15.3 15 i 48.6 SIZE. Inches. 5x5 Area. Thick. Weight. Sq. in Per Ft. SIZE. 1 Weight. Area. Inches. Thick. Per Ft. Sq. In. SIZE. Inches. 3ix3£ 2£x2i tt 17.1 5.03 6.94 M 16.0 4.70 21.8 6.41 a % 20.0 5.88 A H A 18.1 5.32 16.2 4.76 14.3 4.20 % 12.3 . 3.61 A 10.3 Area. Thick. Weight. Sq. In. Per Ft. if 25.4 7.46 14.3 % 23.6 % 45.2 | 13.3 tt 13 T"6" 42.1 12.4. X 38.8 11.4 tt 35.7 10.5 % 32.6 9.6 A 29.6 8.7 % 26.2 7.7 l 37.4 11.0 15 35.3 % 33.1 9.74 13 30.9 1 9.09 M 28.7 8.44 T6 26.5 7.79 % 24.2 1 7.12 11 10.4 T6" 21.9 19.6 5.76 A % 17.2 5.06 14.8 4.35 13 IT 19.9 5.84 2.00 14.8 | 4.35 % 5.9 1.73 13.6 4.00 1.47 12.3 3.62 4.1 1.20 a 11.1 3.26 A M A 5.0 A 3.2 .94 A 9.8 2.87 % 8.5 2.49 5 3x3 6.8 7.2 2.12 1.73 % '4.7 1.38 A X 4.0 1.18 3.2 0.94 3 16 2.5 0.73 A 2.9 0.85 H 2.4 0.71 8 T6" 1.8 0.53 % 11.4 . 3.36 10.4 2x2 3.06 % 18.5 5.44 9 TS a 17.1 5.03 9.4 2.76 % 15.7 4.61 H A 8.3 2.44 A 14.3 4.20 % 7.2 2.11 12.8 3.76 A 6.1 1.79 11.3 3.32 % 4.9 1.44 9.8 2.87 8.3 2.44 6.8 2.00 * 7 6.44 « 4x4 A 5.9 6*6 2.25 % 3.03 . 7.7 H A M HxH j THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , CHANNELS, SIZE. 15 12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 Weight. Per Ft. 55 50 45 40 35 33 40 35 30 25 20.5 35 30 25 20 15 25 22.5 20 17.5 15 13.25 21.25 18,75 16.25 13.75 11.25 19.75 17.25 14.75 12.25 9.75 15.50 13.00 10.50 8.00 10.25 9.00 7.75 6.50 7.25 6.25 5.25 Area 16.18 14.71 13.24 11.76 10.29 9.90 11.76 10.29 8.82 7.35 6.03 10.29 8.82 7.35 5.88 ' 4.46 7.35 6.62 5.88 5.15 4.41 3.89 6.25 5.51 4.78 4.04 3.35 5.81 5.07 4.34 3.60 2.85 4 56 3.82 3.09 2.38 3.02 2.65 2.28 1.91 2.13 1.84 1.55 Standard Channels. Thickness Flange. of Web. 0.82 .72 .62 .52 .43 • .40 0.76 .64 .51 .39 .28 0.82 .68 .53 .38 >24 0.62 .53 .45 .37 .29. .23 0.58 .49 .40 .31 .22 0.63 .53 .42 .32 .21 0.56 .44 .32 .20 0.40 .33 .26 .19 0.33 .25 .18 3.82 3.72 3.62 3.52 3.43 3.40 3.42 3.30 3.17 3.05 2.94 3.18 3.04 2.89 2.74 2.60 2.82 2.73 2.65 2.57 2.49 2.43 2.62 2.53 2.44 2.35 2.26 2.51 2.41 2.30 2.20 2.09 2.28 2.16 2.04 1.92 2.09 2.02 1.95 1.88 1.92 1.84 1.77 r ~*L. TylA4." o Gj I V>34' IO" - - - _ . 6 3 3 F •* Tv.138" - 9" .597?- -I PA, 185 THE 186 PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Standard I Beams. I BEAMS. Thick- Width SIZE. Weight. Area. ness of of Per Ft. Web. Flange. 15 75. 70. 65. 60. 55. 50. 45. 42. 22.06 20.59 19.12 17.67 16.18 14.71 13.24 12.48 1.05 0.95 .85 .75 .66 .56 .46 .41 6.14 6.04 5.94 5.84 5.75 5.65 5.55 5.50 12 55. 50. 45. 40. 35. 31.50 16.18 14.71 13.24 11.84 10.29 9.26 0.93 .80 .68 .56 .44 .35 5.58 5.45 5.33 5.21 5.09 5.00 10 40. 35. 30. 25. 11.76 10.29 8.82 7.37 0.75 .60 .46 .31 5.10 4.95 4.81 4.66 9 35. 30. 25. 21. 10.29 8.82 7.35 6.31 0.73 .57 .41 .29 4.77 4.61 4.45 4.33 8 25.5 23.0 20.5 18.0 7.50 6.76 6.03 5.33 0.54 .45 .36 .27 4.27 4.18 4.09 4.00 7 20. 17.5 15. 5.88 5.15 4.42 0.46 .35 .25 3.87 3.76 3.66 6 17.25 14.75 12.25 5.07 4.34 3.61 0.48 .35 .23 3.58 3.45 3.33 00 •a&) f"*5 ...*.U_.S 0J UliiO--* < Q. z o fei LS~. h -l Ml Ml \0) 01 IS-.i >- z < Q. -2_ z < > _l >(0 z z tfe •i«i /• } -J HI LU (0 _^ ti$£rJ o o h 1 • c u ^ '«fc ""rofco en 0 0 J2& _^J N ft! •«£:;.> 01 CC C CO CO UJ a. HJ z I- co or < CO OOOOOOJ>C«P1C^ 00 £- C C 1C 1© ^ TH C O O O C O C O Ci -tfZ> COO i> C 05 00 ^ Ci C O O ©?Ol010^TfRHS ;^H5 ^ j s r-K^H -C Hs Hs COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO ^ H S r-NHrH r-KHrS CO CO CO CO CO CO THE 188 PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Standard Bulb Angles. TABLE. ?f-*j SIZE. ( Min. 10 in. \ { Max. ( Min. 8 in J ( Max. (Min. 7 in J ( Max. (Min. 6 in. 1 ( Max. (Min. 5 in. •] ( Max. Web. Area Sq. In. y* 5.79 8.38 28.50 TV 5.73 19.50 tf 6.97 4.04 13.75 H 5.37 18.25 u 3.68 4.70 ', IS /6~a .H!o 12.50 y l 23.70 u l6 19.70 n Vd? =ss 16.00 a 3.32 y 4.23 Weight Per Ft. j "W -5- * ',&* 3p I6 1 "=^ ;*£~~*4 --©- 11.30 14.40 r«i Us;^ Intermediate weights of each size rolled when desired. •fi^-IOJV- THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Standard Troughs. Section No. I .—32.7 lbs. per lineal foot. Section No. 2.—30.9 lbs. per lineal foot. ..^—-2*"-—*! Obtuse Angle.—I 1.3 lbs. per lineal foot. Section No. 4 . - I 7 lbs. per lineal foot. 189 190 T H E PENNSYLVANIA Safe loads in pounds per square foot of floor for Spans of different lengths and fibre stresses of 10,000 and 12,000 pounds. S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Pennsylvania Steel Company's Trough Floors. TROUGH No 1. BASE %\ Span in Feet. 10,000 Lbs. 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 25 1 1 12,000 Lbs. 6400 5070 3730 2850 2250 1825 1510 1270 1080 932 812 714 632 564 506 456 292 7700 6080 4470 3430 2700 2190 1810 1520 1300 1120 975 855 758 665 607 547 351 PROPERTIES OF T R O U G H SECTION No, 1 . Thickness of base _ Weight per lineal foot Weight of floor per square foot ._ Moment of inertia of one trough about cent, of gravity - %" 32.7 37.0 125.7 TROUGH No. 2. BASI ' 9i". Span in Feet. 5 6 ? 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 18 20 10,000 Lbs. 1 | 12,000 Lbs. 3400 2360 1730 1330 1050 850 702 590 503 434 378 332 294 262 236 212 4080 2830 2080 1600 1260 1020 842 708 605 520 420 398 6 %" fl * S TV \m- I 1 f\\ , A- ,^ % //J~ /- - A ' r\ , C nr e te ; ^ \ \ of \ // ,1, ' f ^ Plate 5t\$ gravity h PROPERTIES OF T R O U G H SECTION Thickness of base .__. Weight per lineal foot _ _ „ Weight of cover plate per lineal foot Weight of floor per square foot Moment of inertia of one trough and plate about cent, of gravity No. 2 . _ _ %!' 30.9 7.0 28.5 59.6 THE PENNSYLVANIA 191 S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. Pennsylvania Steel Company's Trough Floors. Safe loads in pounds per square loot of floor for Spans of different, lengths and fibre stresses of 10,000 and 12,000 pounds. TROUGH No. 3. Span in feet. BASE M". 10,000 Lbs. PROPERTIES OF TROUGH SECTION No. 3. Pounds. 10.2 11.3 32.7 39.0 244.1 Weight of Cover Plate per linear foot Weight of Angle per linear f o o t Weight of Trough per linear foot Weight of Floor per square f o o t _._ Moment of inertia of 1 Trough, 2 Angles and 1 Plate -_-6'l__ + <«___ - £ . 6!L - - - + - T —6' 7700 5950 4370 3348 2646 2142 1770 1486 1268 1095 954 839 740 662 593 535 343 TROUGH No. 4 6- -+£SM&-^"- 12,000 Lbs. 6400 4962 3642 2790 2205 1785 1475 1240 1056 912 794 698 617 562 495 446 286 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 • 20 25 Span in feet. BASE: %". 10,000 Lbs. 1—3-1 PROPERTIES OF TROUGH SECTION No. 4. Weight of Trough per linear foot _ Weight of Cover Plate per linear foot Weight of Floor per square foot Moment of inertia for 1 Trough and Plate about c. g._ Pounds. 17.0 3.83 22.0 13.3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12,000 Lbs. 1570 1091 803 614 485 394 325 273 233 201 175 1885 1308 965 736 583 473 390 328 ijt U* *-X 192 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Areas of Pennsylvania Steel Co.'s Flat Bars.—Steel. 1 lYs m Ws VA Ws w 1% % .250 .282 .313 .344 .375 .406 .438 4.69 A .313 .352 .391 .430 .469 .508 .547 .586 % .375 .422 .469 .516 .563 .610 .656 A .438 .493 .547 .602 .656 .711 .766 % .500 .563 .625 .688 .750 .813 .875 .938 A .563 .633 .703 .774 .844 .914 .984 1.06 % .625 .703 .781 .860 .938 1.01 tt .688 .774 .859 .945 1.03 m 2% .594 .625 .657 .688 .719 .750 .742 .781 .820 .859 .899 .938 2fc 214 m .500 .532 .563 .625 .664 .703 .703 .750 .797 .844 .891 .821 .875 .930 .984] 1.04 2 2% 3 4 5 6 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.25 1.56 1.88 8 9 1.75 2.00 2.25 H 2.19 2.50 2 81 5 16- 7 1.08 1.13 1.50 1.88 2.25 2.63 3.00 3.38 % 1.09 1.15 1.20 1.26 1.31 1.75 2.19 2.63 3.06 3.50 3.94 TB" .938 .984 1.03 2% 1.00 1.07 1.13 1.19 1.25 1.32 1.38 1.44 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 % 1.13 1.20 1.27 1.34 1.41 1.48 1.55 1.62 1.69 2.25 2.81 3.38 3.94 4.50 5.06 9 16" 1.09 1.17 1.25 1.33 1.41 1.49 1.56 1.64 1.72 1.80 1.88 2.50 3.13 3.75 4.38 5.00 5.63 % 1.12 1.20 1.29 1.38 1.47 1.55 1.64 1.72 1.81 1.89 1.98 2.06 2.75 3.44 4.13 4.81 5 50 6.19 11 16 1.31 1.41 2.06 2.16 2 25 % .750 .844 1.13 1.22 1.50 1.60 1.69 1.79 1.88 1.07 3.00 3.75 4.50 5.25 6 00 6.75 % 1! .813 .917 1.02 1.12 1.22 1.32 1.42 1.53 1.63 1.73 1.83 1.93 2.03 2.13 2.23 2.34 2.44 3.25 4.06 4.88 5.69 6.50 7.31 13 % .875 .983 1.09 1.20 1.31 1.42 1.53 1.64 1.75 1.86 1.97 2.08 2.19 2.30 2.41 2.52 2.63 3.50 4.38 5.25 6.13 7.00 7.88 % 15 T6" .938 1.06 1.17 1.29 1.41 1.53 1.64 1.76 1.88 2.00 2.11 2.23 2.34 2.46 2.58 2.70 2.81 3.75 4.69 5.63 6.56 7.50 8.44 1 5 T6 1.13 1.25 1.38 1.50 1.63 05 1.88 2.00 2.13 2.25 2.38 2.50 2.63 2.75 2.88 3.00 4.00 5.00 ,6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 l-^TT X T6 1.20 1.33 1.46 1.59 1.73 1.86 2.00 2.13 2.26 2.39 2.52 2M 2.79 2.92 3.06 3.19 ITV x 16 1V« 1.27 1.41 1.55 1.69 1.83 1.97 2.11 2.25 2.39 2.53 2.67 2.81 2.95 3.09 3.24 3.38 1U 1.48 1.63 1.78 1.93 2.08 2.23 2.38 2.53 2.67 2.83 2.97 3.12 3.27 3.42 3.56 18 1.56 1.72 1.88 2.04 2.19 2.35 2.50 2.66 2.81 2.97 3.13 1.81 1.97 2.14 2.30 2.47 2.63 2.79 2.95 3.12 3.28 1.89 2.06 2.24 2.41 2.58 2.75 2.92 3.09 3.27 3.44 3.59 1.00 1 3 1 1M 5 1T G X .938 1.03 7 2.16 3.06 3.23 2.44 2.63 2.82 3.00 3 19 3.38 3.57 3.75 2.73 2.93 3.13 3.33 3.52 3.72 3.91 2.84 1JL 1 3.05 3.25 3.46 3.66 3.86 4.06 1^ 3.17 3.38 3.59 3.80 4.01 4.22 1 11 3.06 111 X T6" /^t 2.88 1& 1 5- 2.95 15Q •*v 8 x 2.70 2.64 x 19 T"g" 2.52 2.54 l;6 2.31 '2.25 1 x 3.41 1 3.28 3.50 3.72 3.94 4.16 4.38 m THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 193 Weight in lbs. per foot of Pennsylvania Steel Co.'s Flat Bars.—Steel. l ifc m m M m 1« m 2 m m W* m m m 3% 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x 0.85 0.96 1.06 1.17 1.28 1.39 1.49 1.60 1.70 1.81 1.91 2.02 2.12 2.23 2.34 2.45 2.55 3.40 4.25 5.10 5.95 6.80 7.65 iV 1.06 1.20 1.33 1.46 1.59 1.73 1.86 1.99 2.12 2.26 2.39 2.52 2.65 2.79 2.92 3.06 3.19 4.25 5.31 6.38 7.44 8.50 9.56 % 1.28 1.44 1.59 1.76 1.92 2.08 2.23 2.39 2.55 2.71 2.87 3.03 3.19 3.35 3.51 3.67 3.83 5.10 6.38 7 65 8.93 ft X ft 1.49 1.68 1.86 2.05 2.23 2.42 2.60 2.79 2.98 3.17 3.35 3 54 3.72 3.91 4.09 4.28 4.46 5.95 7.44 8 93 10.41 11.90 1.70 1.91 2.12 2.34 2.£5 2.77 2.98 3.19 3.40 3.62 3.83 4.04 4.25 4.46 4.67 4.89 5.10 6.80 1.92 2.16 2.39 2.63 2 87 3.11 3.35 3.59 3.83 4.07 4.30 4.54 4.78 5.02 5.26 5.50 5.74 7.65 % 2.12 2.39 2.65 2.92 3.19 3.46 3.72 3.99 4.25 4.52 4.78 5.05 5.31 5.58 5.84 6.11 6.38 8.50 11 T6 2.34 2.63 2.92 3.22 3.51 3.80 4.09 4.38 4.67 4.97 5.26 5.55 5.84 6.14 6.43 6.73 7.02 9.35 11.69 14 03 16.36 18.70 21.04 % \\ 2.55 2.87 3.19 3.51 3.83 4.15 4.47 4.79 5.10 5.43 5.75 6.07 6.38 6.70 7.02 7.34 7.65 10.20 12.75 15.30 17.85 20.40 22.96 2.76 3.11 3.45 3.80 4.14 4.49 4.84 5.19 5.53 5.87 6.21 6.56 6.90 7.25 7.60 7 95 8.29 11.05 13.81 16.58 19.34 22.10 24.86 2.98 3.35 3.72 4.10 4.47 4.84 520 5.58 5.95 6.32 6.69 7.07 7.44 7.81 8.18 8.56 8.93 11.90 14.87 17.85 20.83 23.80 26.78 % 3.19 3.59 3.99 4.39 4.78 5.18 5.58 5.98 6.38 6.78 7.18 7.58 7.97 8.37 8.77 9.17 9.57 12.75 15 94 19.13 22.32 25.50 28.69 15 3.40 3.83 4.25 4.68 5.10 5.53 5.95 6.38 6.80 7.23 7.65 8.08 8.50 8.93 9.35 9.78 10.20 !TV 4.07 4.52 4.97 5 42 5.87 6.32 6.77 7.22 7.68 8.13 8.58 9.03 9.48 9.93 10.89 10.84 Wz 4.31 4.78 5.26 5.74 6.22 6.70 7.18 7.65 8.13 8.61 9.09 9.57 10.05 10,52 11.00 11.48 i* 5.05 5.56 6.06 6.57 7.07 7.58 8 08 8.59 9.09 9.60 10.10 10.61 11.11 11.62 12.12 IK lA 5.31 5.85 6.38 6.91 7 44 7.97 8 50 9.04 9.57 10.10 10 63 11.16 11.69 12.22 12.75 6.69 7 25 7.81 8 37 8 93 9.49 10.04 10.60 1 .16 IT56 * 1 7.02 7.60 8.18 8.77 9.35 9.94 10.52 11.11 11.69 7.34 7.95 8.56 m 9.17 9.78 10.39 11.00 11.61 12.22 7.65 8.29 8.93 9.57 10.20 10.84 11.48 12.12 12.75 9.30 9.97 10.63 11.29 11.95 12.62 13.28 % 15 1 1A • 9.67 10.36 11.05 11.74 12.43 13.12 13.81 10.04 10.76 11.47 12.19 12.91 13.63 14.34 10.42 11.16 11.90 12.65 13.40 14.14 14.88 1« 13.60 10.20 11.48 M * % 7 13.40 13" 8.50 10.20 11.90 13.60 15.30 9.57 11.48 13.39 15.30 17.22 X ft 10.63 12.75 14.87 17.00 19.13 17.00 20 40 23.80 27.20 30.60 % H % 13 16 1 1A 1A 1 1A l5^ 1» THE 194 PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E f L T O N , PA. Rounds an Squares. SQUARES. SIZE. Inches. Weight. Per Foot. Area. Sq. Inches. SIZE. Indies. .651 1 .1914 .2500 1.076 .3164 Weight. Per Foot. SIZE. Inches. 2.0664 t 7.650 2.2500 4 1 8.301 2,4414 8.978 9.682 Weight. Per Foot. SIZE. Inches. .375 .1104 11 8.178 2.4053 .667 .1963 9.388 2.7612 9 T"6 .845 .2485 n 2.6406 5 "" 8 1.043 .3068 2.8476 tt 1.262 3.0625 i 1 3 16" 1.913 .5625 13 1"6 2.245 .6602 lit 11.17 3.2852 4 H 2.603 .7656 n 11.95 3.5156 4 2.044 .6013 IS 16 2.347 .6903 9 16 5 8 1.328 .3906 U 1 1.608 .4727 l iiV 14 ifV li IfV If 2.989 .8789 3.400 1JJL 10.41 3.1416 2* 12.06 3.5466 .3712 2i 13.52 3.9761 1.502 .4418 H 15.07 4.4301 - 1.763 .5185 n n: 16.69 4.9087 18.40 5.4119 2| 20.20 5.9396 n 22.07 6.4918 3 24.03 7.0686 26.08 12.76 3.7539 1.0000 2 13.60 4.0000 1 2.670 .7854 24 2i 15.35 4.5156 iiV 3.014 .8866 17.22 5.0625 n- 3.379 .9940 5.6406 3.838 1.1289 4.303 1.2656 4.795 1.4102 2f 19.18 5.312 1.5625 6.2500 5.857 1.7227 23.43 6.8906 6.428 1.8906 n n 21.25 25.00 7.5625 | Weight. Per Foot. | 10.68 •••1 6 21 Area. Sq. Inches. Area. i Sq. Inches. H i5V if i-H ii * | Area. Sq. Inches. 7.026 1 ITV .850 TV ROUNDS. 1 | 2 1 3.766 1.1075 4.173 1.2272 4.600 1.3530 H H H H If 5.049 1.4849 3f 35.09 10.321 h\ 5.518 1.6230 3} 37.56 11.045 14 6.008 1.7671 H 40.10 11.793 1A If 6.520 1.9175 4 42.73 12.566 7.051 2.0739 h\ H J 16 ! 7.6699 28.20 30.42 8.9462 32.71 I 8.2958 9.6211 TRACK FASTENINGS. 196 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA STANDARD RIBBED JOINT. For 8*4 and 9-inch Rails. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. BRACE TIE PLATE. These Brace Tie BRACE TIE PLATE. For 6-in. and 7-in. Girder Rails. 197 For 9-in. Girder Rails Plates are drop-forged, in one solid piece, and are made to accurately f i t the Rail under the Head as well as over the Flange, thus g i v i n g to the Rail the greatest possible support. 198 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA THE STEELTON CHAIR. Drop-forged from best open-hearth steel THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. STEEL TIE. The Rails are fastened to the Tie by means of drop-forged Steel Brackets and Bolts. ~7 u>|£ Full size cross-section of Standard T i e . 199 200 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA MALLEABLE IRON BRACE THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , THE " S T E E L T O N " TIE PLATE. PA. 201 202 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA, DOUBLE KNEE. SINGLE KNEE. 6 in. wide. 2i in. wide. Standard Knees for Stringer Construction. STANDARD TIE ROD. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEE COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 203 A JOINT FOR MODERN TRACK. IT IS NOW IN EXTENSIVE USE. IT'S EFFICIENCY HAS BEEN PROVED. EMPIRE ' I 'RACK BUILDING, - 71 BROADWAY, N. Y. experience on Trunk Lines and Trolley Roads has demonstrated that angle bars and similar joints are at best but expedients, lacking the strength for the ultimate duty expected. are consistent with the results of experience in track and in the rolling of steel. mind. The fact that steel varies in rolling is borne in The fits are therefore made simple and not compound. The wood filler lasts. In those cases where the maker has designed an angle bar of great strength, or some other special joint, in the attempt to overcome It does not decay. It is a practical nut-lock. Track Engineers hold that where all the material such as the defect of ordinary angle bars, the result has been excessive ballast, ties, rails and joints are new and sufficient rigidity and stiffness. intelligently expended, that good track is the result for about Sometimes through thoughtlessness, but gen- erally of necessity to secure the desired strength. Such joints are two years. money is Thereafter, as the material ages, the weakness of anvils or unequally "hard spots" in the track as compared with the angle bar rapidly developes notwithstanding the care given. the rail under the rolling loads. The merits of the Weber Joint are more fully developed the The results are the abrupt stopping of the rail's wave vibration, which frequently results in second or third the fracture of the joint or the rail.—Lost motion or wear between released from the track, not because it has failed at the ends the parts of the joint and rail.—And the increased wear of the or the joints, but because it is worn out the entire length, and rolling stock. therefore has fully performed its duty. In the attempt to give strength elasticity must not be lost year Joint will maintain and from from thenceforth until the rail is On new rail the Weber the day it is applied, perfect surface The construction of the Weber Joint provides for both the necessary and alignment and with from one-half to one quarter less cost strength and elasticity. per annum than joints of the angle bar type. It has sufficient parts, and as few as THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 204 THE 4fi & * RAILWAY riltflT mmk •**£* ^^k»- : * > ' * > MANUFACTURING C? > 8 0 lb. - » - >—<••—<-<--*-- THE WEBER JOINT ON 80-lb. A. S. C. E. RAIL. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. 205 LU £ 206 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. THE RAILWAY 80 lb. < & & * * > ' * * MANUFACTURING C? A.S.C.E. THE WEBER INSULATED JOINT on 80-lb. A. S. C. E. Rail. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA? THE MANUFACTURING C? THE WEBER STEP-JOINT, Compromising 100-lb. 5^-in, Rail with 85-lb. 5-in. Rail. 207 208 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. T H E Q. AND W. T I E - P L A T E . Manufactured by T H E O T H E R OFFICES: 106 Liberty Street, N E W Y O R K C I T Y . 17 Place d'Armes Hill, M O N T R E A L , C A N A D A 18 South 15th Street, P H I L A D E L P H I A . 109 Endicott Arcade, S T . P A U L , M I N N . 537 Mission Street, SAN F R A N C I S C O , C A L . 78 Mason Building, B O S T O N , M A S S . P E N N S Y L V A N I A S T E E L CO. for T H E Q. AND C. C O M P A N Y , 700-7I2 Western Union Building, CHICAGO, I ALSO T H E RAILROAD S U P P L Y CO., Bedford Building, CHICAGO, I THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. TIE P WHAT IS A TIE PLATE? A flat sheet of steel attached u^pon the upper side of a cross-tie, in order that the rail may rest thereon.,- Such an arrangement might seem like superfluity itself, a mere refinement, a thing of no value. Suffice it to say that hard experience has shown fhe tie plate to be worth all the money paid for it, and its value is attested by the fact that to-day the Pennsylvania Steel Company manufactures tie plates by the tens of millions, and the use of the article is extending rapidly, thirty millions having been sold during 1899 alone. It is not enough that any flat plate be used. Its shape is vital. Various forms have been tried and cast aside as objectionable in one way or another, and only one has stood the test of time. We refer to the Q and W tie plate, pictures of which will be found in the following pages. ~ A literature has grown up on the merits of tie plates in general and tie plates in particular. We will be pleased to send printed matter on inquiry. In ordering plates we must know the width of rail base, size of spikes used and number of holes wanted. If joint plates are wanted, then blue print showing rail section and angle-bar slotting should accompany the order. The 5-inch four-flange plate, punched with three holes, is used by a large number of roads and considered the standard plate, the three-hole punching doing away with the right and left-hand punching. Plates can be punched with any number of holes desired without any extra charge. In order to get the proper size of plates for the different rail bases, same should be figured on the basis of a plate 8 inches long to accommodate a rail base of 5 inches. If rail base is more than 5 inches, length of plate should be increased in proportion. If less than 5 inches, length should be decreased; always showing a distance of Ji of an inch from outside of spike-hole to end of plate in length, and ji of an inch from outside of spikehole to edge of plate in width. Our standard punching of holes is ^X^i of an inch for intermediate plates and jixU o f a " inch for joint plates. Distance of stagger of spike-holes is figured from center to center of hole. Prices are figured in proportion to length of plate. If plate is less than 8 inches long, price is decreased in proportion. If more than 8 inches long price is increased in proportion. 209 ES. Correspondence, orders, inquiries and requests for prices on tie plates should be addressed to the Q & C Co., Western Union Bldg., Chicago, 111., or their agents. USES. On lines of heavy traffic and high speed, where the qualities of ^tfle Q and W tie plate as a track-fastening preserve surface, gauge and line of track at less cost for labor. On long-lived, soft wood ties, which, protected with the Q and W tie plates, hold gauge better and are rendered more enduring than are oak ties unprotected with plates. On sharp curves and heavy grades, where the plates prevent the cutting of the tie and canting of rail, so that the true gauge is preserved without the use of rail braces. In tunnels, particularly wet, where the difficulty of securing stable track tends to softening and pumping of ties, with consequent cutting in of rail flange and impairment of surface and gauge. On shaky swamps, where the wave flexure of the rail is augmented by the shaking of the roadbed, leading to excessive creeping of the rails, rapid destruction of ties by cutting and increased labor for repairs. On long bridges and elevated roads with frequent trains, where repairs are only made with difficulty, the plates preserve line, surface and gauge, making adzing and respiking unnecessary, while they extend the life of bridge ties. In busy freight and switching yards, where the labor cost of repairs is heavy and track material rapidly deteriorates and wears, the plates perfect the union of rails with ties, and thereby correct the evils resulting from looseness of parts, which generally pervades our yards. Under plankways and in highways and tracks laid in streets, where the ties are kept more or less soft by moisture, inducing cutting of ties, and where planks must be removed to repair the track, the plates preserve the track in gauge and surface, with less frequent tearing up of planks and with great saving of labor. Preserve oak, cedar and other ties already cut in or weakened by frequent spiking. If the spikes have not penetrated through the ties the rail seat of ties can be adzed to a true bearing and the plate applied, whereby the full life of the ties will be secured and the expense of new ties and cost of labor putting them in track can be saved. 210 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEE C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. PERMANENCE. The Q and W or channel-formed plates have been applied to cedar ties on curves for more than six years, and the ties give promise of from five to six years longer service. The plates are as good as new, the track has not been regauged since plates were applied, and the work of track repairs has been much reduced. The. Q and W or channel-formed plates on oak ties, in nineteen-degree curve, withoqt rail braces, have for two years withstood a traffic of over a thousand movements per day, and the ties are good for several years more. Switch sets in the same track, without plates, have already been renewed. The Q and W or channel-formed plates in the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago yard tracks, preserved oak ties from cutting for more than twenty months, during which time unprotected, sound oak ties, similarly situated, were cut in from one and a half to two and a quarter inches. Its perfect under-support holds the rails in a perpendicular position and prevents any rolling or canting, especially on curves. The rails secured to the ties with Q and W Tie Plates, properly settled in tie and spiked, prevents the spreading of gauge; every tie protected with tie plate being made, in effect, a tie rod. By preventing the cutting in of ties the undulations of the rails are reduced and the creeping of track thereby minimized, as proved by their performance on swing bridges and shaky swamps. The plates provide a uniform support to the rail on every tie without reference to their age, substantially affording the same bearing surface for rails as if the ties were new throughout; the consequent steadier motion of trains being readily discerned. ECONOMY. Ties which are cut by rail flanges, or weakened by frequent spiking, can be adzed to a bearing and the plates applied, thereby saving the new ties and the labor cost of putting them in the track. With the Q and W Tie Plates, even under the heaviest traffic, the full life of the tie is secured, namely, cedar, twelve years and upward; black and red cypress, fifteen years and upward; redwood, twenty years and upward ; white oak ties in busy yards and switch sets, under constant traffic, have their period of use extended from two, three, four years and upward to eight years and upward, according to the quality of the timber. The plates, holding rails to gauge and preventing canting of rails, do away with the use of rail braces, and the expense, together with cost of extra spikes for same, is saved. The plates holding the rail perpendicular to the plane of the tie, the wear on same is normal and the excessive side head wear and consequent wear on wheels due to canting rails is avoided and the expense for same correspondingly reduced. Labor shimming bridge ties, changing and adzing track ties and regauging track is saved, and by preserving the gauge line and surface of the track the general section labor is reduced, or, with the same labor, higher grade track is maintained. With Q and W Tie Plates holding the track securely to gauge, the danger of spreading rails is avoided and no accidents can result therefrom. With Q and W Tie Plates holding the rails perpendicular to the plane of the tie, the widening of gauge by rail canting or rolling is prevented and no accidents can result therefrom. With the Q and W Plates the strength of ties at rail seat is not reduced by adzing and frequent spiking, hence ties do not break, for those weakened by decay are generally removed and accidents from this cause prevented. With Q and W Tie Plates preventing the cutting in of ties, the track surface and rail bearing is better preserved, so that rails are less liable to break, with fewer accidents resulting therefrom. With Q and W Tie Plates affording a secure fastening and tying the rails to gauge, broken rails are more securely held to place under moving trains, thereby preventing accidents until the same are detected and removed. With Q and W Tie Plates, line, gauge and surface are better preserved, whereby the wear on rolling stock is minimized and the breakage of wheels, axles, etc., correspondingly reduced, with fewer accidents resulting. EFFICIENCY. Several years' experience has demonstrated that the Q and W Tie Plate affords in the highest degree the properties of an efficient track fastening. It is absolutely effective in preventing the rail flanges from cutting into soft wood ties, also oak ties and frog and switch timbers, subjected to the severest traffic. SAFETY. CHARACTERISTICS. Flanged plates. Light plates reinforced with flanges in general form a channel. Wide plates provided with center stiffening rib. All plates manufactured of tough, soft steel and will not break. The flanges enter the tie in the direction of the grain, so the vibrations of the metal are destroyed by the tie, and, as with a muffled bell, all rattle or metallic ring is rendered impossible. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N . PA. The flanges enter the ties, confining and compressing the fibre of same, so that plates are united with and become part of the ties without impairing their normal resilience, but having no independent motion between rails and ties. CUT SHOWING H O W FLANGES OF TIE-PLATE SINK INTO ( E n d of tie cut away to show this.) 211 The flanges entering into and running with the grain of the ties, affords such a distribution of metal as to absolutely prevent the buckling or curling up of plates along the marginal edges of the rail flange. The flanges reinforcing a light plate, gives full strength and stiffness to its flexible body, which is readily adjusted to the tie. TIE. CUT SHOWING HOW PLATE SUPPORTS RAIL. STREET RAILWAY SPECIAL WORK. 4 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Solid Cast Steel Frog. Each Frog is one solid casting, made of the best quality of Open-Hearth Steel. as the Connecting Rail, thus avoiding Compromise Joints. All ends are made of same section Special work made with Solid Cast Steel Switch Pieces we guarantee far superior to built work of any class. Steel is practically the same as Rail Steel, and there are no parts to become loose. The THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA Solid Cast Steel Switch Pieces. MATE. The middle piece of the joint is an extension of the Main Casting, making a very rigid connection. TONGUE SWITCH. The main casting is one solid piece with all ends formed to fit the connecting rail. The tongue is forged steel and is machine fitted. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA Adamantine Steel Switch Pieces. Certain points on Switches, Mates, and Frogs, wear out more rapidly than others. To protect these points we insert a piece of Special Steel which is exceedingly hard, and to which we have given the name ADAMANTINE. These pieces are placed in the mould and the main body of the Switch is cast around them, making them practically an integral part of the Switch or Mate. These pieces are so hard as to outlast all other parts, making those points which were formerly the first to give way the most enduring. MATE. TONGUE SWITCH. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA0 Pieces of Special Steel—a Steel which we have adopted after a long series of experiments as best adapted to withstand the pounding and grinding action of Car Wheels and which we call " Adamantine " Steel—are cast solid with the Frog at the crossing points. They cannot become loose, and are not "renewable." We will guarantee it to outlast any Frog yet produced. The advantages of having one solid piece instead of several parts, whether held together by bolts, rivets, or cast iron, will be appreciated. No casting is too complicated for us to make. 217 218 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COIVIPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. ron-Bound Adamantine Frog. Made of rails held together by a body of cast iron. The center is of the same "Adamantine" steel used in "Adamantine Cast Steel" Frogs, and together with the rails is held in place by the cast iron. The center is not "renewable." THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA Adamantine Cast Steel Frog. Will last as long as abutting rails. 219 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Housed Point Switch. These two views show our latest improvement in SWITCHES. The point is housed. The tongue is brought to a fine point and will deflect a car as nicely as a SPLIT SWITCH. It is supported for its full length and cannot bend laterally; it can therefore be taken safely at good speed. There is no pocket to give the car a parting " y a n k " as it leaves the switch in. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA 221 Carver's Patent Long-Radius Tongue-Switch. [Patented April 23, 1895.) T h e peculiar feature of this switch consists in the flanges a l o n g the tongue, which serve a double purpose. First.—They re-enforce the tongue, which, on account of the long l a d i u s , is necessarily very slim ; providing at the s a m e time a lateral s u p p o r t for a considerable distance along the g u a r d when open for t h e curve, t h u s prevent b e n d i n g of t h e t o n g u e , a n d holding it up to its work of deflecting the wheels of a car. Second.—They a r e m a d e r e c t a n g u l a r and of suf- ficient h e i g h t to carry the wheel flanges ; in this way g r e a t l y p r o l o n g i n g the life of the tongue. The radius to which these switches are usually m a d e is 200 feet, a l t h o u g h longer radii may be used. FIG. 2. FIG. 3. 222 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. A Complicated Piece of Solid Cast Steel Special Work. All of the Switches, Mates and Frogs in the above job are made of Solid Cast Steel, and the decided advantages of this construction over all others is well illustrated by the small number of parts required. The Frog marked " A " contains five intersections and eight arms, and yet is but one single piece of metal. There are no chocks, bolts, rivets or braces to get loose, thus insuring the longest possible life. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 223 Automatic Switch. Section through Spring Box, Guard Side. Cross-Section of Box. Section through Spring Box, Head Side. The superiority of the above device over all others, aside from its simplicity, is in the elimination of the lug on the tongue and the opening in the bed of the switch for the lug, no chance being offered to mud and dirt to accumulate in the box and clog the spring. The spring being placed at the top of the box is out of the way of such dirt as may find its way in. 224 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Built Girder Work, The above is taken from a photograph of a crossing furnished the Metropolitan Railroad Company, Washington, D. C. It is a double track crossing double track, all tracks being conduit electric. We claim that our built work has not been surpassed in accuracy of fit and workmanship. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. "Iron-Bound" Girder Crossing. Six years' service under very heavy traffic has demonstrated that this type of crossing (without hard centers) is most substantial. 225 226 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. High Tee-Rail Switch Pieces. The construction of our Tee-Rail Switch Pieces is similar for all sections, and the above views, together with the plan views on the next page, clearly show the details. Your attention is called particularly to the fact that all ends of each piece present a Rail Section to connect with, and that no Cast Iron Chocks are necessary for making the Joints. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA Standard Tee-Rail Switch Pieces. MATE. TONGUE SWITCH. FROG. 227 228 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. SECTION NO. 7 . With Renewable Guard Rail. For Curves. We have Guard Rails of this pattern which fit several sections of Tee Rails. Curves made with these guards have been found very substantial. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 229 Double Tee-Rail. T h i s is a m u c h more s u b stantial G u a r d than o u r ' ' R e newable," since t h e G u a r d is machine-fitted to t h e Main Rail a n d it has a bearing on the Ties, g i v i n g t h e whole s t r u c t u r e a wide base. Patented April 23d, 1895. M A C H I N E - F I T T E D GUARD FOR TEE-RAIL CURVES. 230 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Bolted Guard for Tee-Rail Curves. MAIN RAIL. GUARD RAIL. The above shows a guard rail extensively used on open track. It is very handy in that it may be easily applied in the field. The guard rail is furnished in standard lengths, with the flange planed to clear the main rail, drilled at suitable intervals and supplied with chocks and bolts. It may be furnished in curved or straight lengths. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 231 Spring-Rail Frog for Street Railways. [/InsvW^' SAIT.OH J-T Jt-B. This frog is built of Tee Rail on the same principles as a Standard Steam Road Spring Frog, but has the necessary changes to adapt it to street-railway use. For open track this Frog meets all requirements, 232 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Spring Frog. This is a perspective view of the Frog shown on preceding page. Where Street Railway and Steam-Railroad traffic is combined some form of Spring Frog is necessary. This form of Frog is used where the Street Railway traffic is confined to one track and the Steam Railroad to the other. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 233 Sliding Spring Frog. ADAPTED T O COMBINED STREET AND STEAM-RAILROAD SERVICE. In the Frog shown both wing rails are movable and are held together by a yoked spring in such a way as to keep one wing rail close against the point when wheel flanges are passing between the point and the other wing rail, thus giving a continuous bearing for the wheel tread. The frog may be adapted to carry both Street and Steam wheels by proper adjustment of the several parts, and when so constructed gives satisfactory service. 234 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. STANDARD LORENZ SWITCH. B" PATTERN GROUND LEVER. Ordinary Type. " C " PATTERN GROUND LEVER, Used with light rails. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA„ 235 SPRING GROUND-THROW W I T H O U T TARGET. The above group of Switch Stands shows the most approved standards used on steam roads. Many of them have been found adaptable to suburban and interurban electric railway service. SPRING GROUND-THROW WITH TARGET. We have found this well adapted to street railway uses. The spring is entirely enclosed. It is automatic in either position. 236 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Track Guides, Various forms of guides are made for use at draw-bridges and transfer tables. All solid steel castings. Note the hard center in the center guide. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 237 Portable Crossover. The Switches, Mates, and Frogs are made of solid cast steel. The Frogs are provided with expansion joints, which allow use of the Crossover on tracks varying nine inches in the distance between inside rails. All parts are made interlocking, yet may be quickly disconnected. When it is desired to form a temporary Siding we furnish the two Curved Rails in place of the Switch, Mate and Frog at one end. In ordering, please state the hand wanted, as well as the maximum and minimum distance between tracks, and section of rail used in permanent track. 238 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Standard Gutter Crossing. SIDE VIEW OF RAIL. CROSS-SECTION OF G U T T E R . YSsjs'f"t"s*/S////S/S/SS//Ss LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF G U T T E R . The above views show the usual method of cutting out and re-enforcing deep girder rails at gutter crossings where the grade of the gutter requires it. This method is followed in both straight and curved track.. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. Ordinary Steam R. R. Crossing. W I T H O U T BEARING RAILS. 239 240 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Improved Standard Crossing. FOR STEAM A N D Section through Steam Railroad Track. The by all as The All We ELECTRIC RAILWAYS. Section through Street Railway Track. above represents a type of Crossing which has been adopted as standard on the principal Steam Railroads, and accepted the best. filling in the Throat between the Main and Guard Rail of the steam track is rolled steel. the parts are accurately fitted and put together by skilled mechanics, and in the most workmanlike manner. always furnish Compromise Joints to connect the work with the street railway track. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N . PA. 241 Improved Standard Crossing. WITH PLATES. At points of heavy traffic it is sometimes thought desirable to have the Crossing re-enforced with plates riveted under the crossing point or continuously along the steam track, as shown above. Section through Steam Track, showing Bearing Rail and Plate. 242 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Solid Cast Steel Steam R. R. Crossing. WITH ADAMANTINE STEEL CENTRES. In many locations it is desirable to have a crossing in which the bolts, braces, & c , will not be continually coming loose—requiring removing expensive pavement for their adjustment and renewal. In the above crossing we feel that we have a construction which comes near m e e t i n g these r e q u i r e m e n t s — a n d at the same time produced a crossing which will last longer than those built in the o r d i n a r y way. Since the frogs are steel castings it is possible to shape the ends to fit any section of rail. In the above view three of the ends of the steam track are shown formed to receive a flat or stringer rail, while the fourth is made to connect u p with a s t a n d a r d Tee-rail section—the chair being an integral part of the frog arm. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 243 " I r o n - B o u n d " Steam and Street-Railway Crossing. Adapted for use in paved streets. Note the Adamantine Steel Centres and Bearing Rails. A most substantial and durable structure. 244 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Cable or Conduit-Electric-Railway Crossing over a Steam Railroad. O u r long experience in the manufacture of Steam-Railroad Frogs, Switches and Crossings (our output in this line being larger than any other similar plant in the world), combined with our experience and facilities for manufacturing Street-Railway Special Work, makes us peculiarly fitted for designing and executing work carrying t h e combined traffic of the t w o systems. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Cable or Conduit-Electric-Railway Crossing over Steam Railroad. The whole substructure is usually imbedded in concrete. 245 246 THE P E N N S Y L V A N I A S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Standard Turnout Ends.—Girder Rail. DIAMOND TURNOUT E THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 247 Standard Crossovers.—Girder Rail Right Hand. Left Hand. 'tfar- . ~,^*» - i «r Standard Long Crossover. 130 41' Frogs. Right Hand. Left Hand. i l7 0 -O ' " ^ 1 "TONGUE SvyiTGw 1 ^ — — 1 TONGUE S W I T C H . P ^ -_• — —,T— < f •I . . . 1-7*©'- Sl-Jlg"- Standard Short Crossover. J70 Frogs. Right Hand. Left Hand. 'S*o' - _ -- S*-S% Standard 150 Crossover. 150 Frogs. THE 248 PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA, Standard Turnouts—Tee Rail. .9 .? 8: 3; G H ^;-j-- - i.^o Tongue Switeh __ . . iaAil 7-10 Frog l - I O Prog ' 3Q-Q Stall ^" £ND __ | ^ Tongue Switch . ?°c2l5^_ Maf» SIDE TURNOUT V TYPE 30-4-84" __ A U T O ToNsfue R,0 Au-r.o TotsieJe S W I T C H ^HANTFah—-?i & / S I D E TURNOUT IS/1 , o 8' A -C5T ~ __BOT i ' ib Frog . <* JNJDS A n k izlD&i "f ^ — • ; | O, .jn|-D'AMOMD TURNOUT F o1 a < < _E_ND_S A L I 4 U SWITCH AUTO. TONGUE SWITCH, MATE. Di A M O N D T U R N O U T . X. NOTE.—All except Turnout X can be furnished in High Tee Rails. All can be furnished in Standard Tee Rails. It is customary to furnish Switch Pieces only—the Curves being of long radius are easily sprung in. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 249 Names for Special-Work Layouts. Side Turnout. Single-Track Plain Curve. Diamond Turnout. Right-Hand Throw-over Turnout. Left-Hand Throw-over Turnout. Single-Track R.-H. Branch-Off. 250 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Three-part Y, also called a Connected Y. Plain Y. Connecting Curve with Crossing. Double-Track Plain Curve. Double-Track R.-H. Branchoff. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. Car House Curves leading from a Gauntlet Track. Used where space is limited. The Frogs are all " Unbroken Main Line." 251 252 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Car-House Curves, avoiding Facing Switches. THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 253 254 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. Explanation of Diagram on Opposite Page. This diagram will be found of considerable use in plotting street railway curves, as it shows at a glance the p r o p e r radius curve to use in any given case, where the streets are approximately at right angles. Illustration :—Having t w o intersecting streets, one 50 ft. wide, the other 60 ft. between curb lines ; for a single-track curve, find the intersection of lines 25 and 30, when it will be found an 85-ft. radius curve with spirals barely clear, and an 85-ft. radius simple curve gives about one ft. clearance. W h e n double-track curves are u n d e r consideration, deduct half the distance between track centers from half the width of street. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. 255 Diagram of Curve Clearances. 100 8 0 e>o\ 70 L l\l\IM1 \\X\\ ' 1 5 0 eo 4-0 3 0 2 0 10 ^raJ4-^ \\ \ \ xx^HxlTm 1^R4^M^-H I r i s MTri L MT hi—MM J i J x J T T ^ + i l — • J T 1 P X T J r r 4 j l — r i 1 1 x i r x i j j p|i T i x J r t r i -4 M T ~ - J M 1—HM I T T - T I T " "—r M i r 4 1 T r i 1 I r i i I Ti MMkJ I i i - 1 ri- 1 r i 1 1 r i II 1 i X i 1tri-L ITH M r kiML1 rxLf "Mxl 1 PxL TxL i x L I 1 hx 1 xL 1 w 1 TxcK H \ \ \ \ \ \ N\ ^ \ \ X \ ii\ M k \ \ X N \i\X- I s \ \\ |\ \\\ M ^ \ \\ K \ H \\\ \ \ \\v| K 1 - N J - •K i M\\ \ A 111 II 1 1 1 11 1 1 I I 1 1 I I 1 1 II 1 I I 1 \1 M I T r J 1 I r 4 1 MTT-J 1 I T - L h 1 1 hXl — -f i i J 1 r i J r>J 1 N J 1 hxl 1 r x 1 r x l 1 fx^l 1 I%d 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M h 1 TrJ 1 T > 1 • Tr4 M f f"i J T pi- 1 r x l 1 t > Mil PN > iHJ'T M [y± \ XW 1 M [J 1 1 1 1 1 1 i"~xL j 1 p^L J f x L F"ML 1 1 r-J I rS\l 1 TxJ IKLT ri IK K\\ x N%I m MM' IO 1\ \\\ \i K 1 K hN 1t x l 1 X L 1 I N I i r - L K >Li KLlKJ > K LkKJ I N KJ i x N> IYHA k i k 1 IU l i H J 1 > > l HJ K I N r Hi HAWLI 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ixJ>IKrKLiTxl ixJ TK JIK 1K lKJ LxKIS 1 r iil rU F HJ 1 M h I K kRLT%4K1 1H- wL\ ^ KlkHJT14 1JI x IX x l K l x lR1SJTxl>JU F& 1 Kl 1 Ki-l^feLKH 1 1 1 M 1 >1 \KL 1 I K 1 1 1-mJ x.1 1 r i 1 I M M Mr i l1 \\ \H r \ 1 NHI k \ l Vi Kr M 1 1 K l \ x 1 xU KJ l^-'i 1 X 1XIH.IN M ^ U N - K K-k IWi NfcI^L\% M I I I I I I ^N. 1 x.i 1 xw r%.i I^I 1x^1 L m N^ MM N \ F N J 1 K KJ XL NNM X f 1 x i 1 KI 1 1^1 I ^ J r^r 1 iNfei T ^ I N^ M, I\I I I I I I 1 11kN \ \ -\ \\ M N k \ M \ \M 1 x 1X1 1 fxJ NJ 1 XL K l>J 1 H 1 N 1 M^ \^%i l ^ i Nd 1% H T-J rv> I n \ \ M K1 1N M H n \\\\ k \ ' N \%\ MM 2 0 NM k r r \ h IKLN K> J > NNSIS IS Urir>4.-n 1 >4-1%r\ M. Y >N I xl \ U M k -N kX k M iiN-rrLfx KIM \ \ \ \ \ 1KJIIXL r K 1 N 1 H^L i%l r4o|- N i l^kl RV \ |xl N 1 i x 1 X L I ^ . I ^ U I \^k\ r ^ i - ^ 1^ i \ 1 \ V \ I\I 1 1 1 \ AM\ r N \ N k > \Vi\ A H V \l 1 1 N kr \ M s \ \xl M l l>J M ^ l T H J i l I^L 1^1 1^1 T* K M r M X 1 \\ H \ \ 1 [ ^ '" 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 i i f [ j j 1 1 f 1 [ j 1 1 I N M 1 > S 4 \ r i F r >4.1 r i H-i R N r } 1 IS > 1 >U KTJ YT • hJ 1^11 r Ll% f M l I N j > ^ M M \ V \ N H 1\ \ ^ K [Mr N \1\\ f ^ H - • i J M k MnN x\X I^H-'Nw i >x kYi\ N i R rH mn rh\ HN r\n r\ M\ \ \ \ \ \ \ %_ [% N* \ i \ N K \\ 1 l x i rt'\ HA i i ra re N M M M M\ H r\ >LN Li >J 1 ?H-Ns \\\nr\ XK-N 1 x i i r f H N N M M N InM I\M\ \ r 1% xl H - n N J T N FT M N N > I x 1 u \ UN > s- i NkJ kJ K^4MP ^•MJ " \l s1 f ^ l 1 1 l-l I I I 1 i 1 1 3 0 Pm M P I T v I * W H J Kb N - M IT M H M k K MMv k l Mir H \ \\ N XIIN 1 % hu w*i- 411 > U N 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 \ 1S, ML rU TJcrnH N M n K N N 'ri \ \\ m I ^P N ] \\ K NIx \ X \ s h r44s^jrN1 \-N LP^ s TO1T N u KT m%\ r*-\ M M NKh1 \ KNJ I ^W 1^ i VT^ T ^ J T 4 1 x I > p 1 MJ H\%\ I N N M MM 1 MiMN M r J H \i\ i N NN \ \ KM ^\1T\>I> >J Kl l k> Kl i m rM M N M > > 1 KM\ \l \ \l N > Ni^ \ 1 uK v . H T N \ %J •i m 1% \ d^J i14 r i 1^ x TK \H\ N • nM M N M k K N N N \K M i&\ r4.'Ki MM N 1 \ \ > iN N 1 N 1 N N NIMH M M M \K \ fcTsNs TH \ %>T te%.lrT > H K N 1 xJ r •Nti ^ PT4 N 11 N M N ^4S HiiN^l s ^ LIT-r^w ^Hr xK N I> ixL^i IX IX l > M 4 0 k M ii i Nk N N N M\ \ \ i M \ NVl l > T4Ix Nr5l X w-l^ H^krX N MXTNXrxL K M K 1 IN N IX IXL Nx %IrT J™ k v ru< y >l r MX K 1 N M N N rM W K KU>3L \ *WT > N4 \\ - MxNi x K xLTXL hT\l 1 IX. 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 1 I I 1 K h>] N\ M N N. N r1 ( Mr U \r \\ N u nM* % \* i J4T N 1 ? >L ^]X N X\ 1 1 A'H\ ITJ \ k | X IXJ IXL 1 N Tx Mxlpxl 1 M M I H K \ n\I x MM l\ \ \ r N N riji-* \ *I%R "fej^ %*r.RkS N k X xl 1 xi 1 x KJ xL r H k K K MiMlX \ \ ^ , k N?i n J M l TK I K l l KIN r4J TJT '1 x I K >J Tx Tx MXLTN Ph-MM-M rlJlx I Trii t \ \ \ i\ \\\\ 11 N4 r K l TMI 1 i ^ U t t Xt: M I x X Hr i I T X l I N [ f X Tr \ 1% r NT Kl KI 1 H 1 iN 1 K KM U ^IT I<4 s N 1 X KJ h4PHi x THit>L TH 1 i 1 FXJ k r i 1 r i r iK 1 rK N 1 \[ 1 v \\\ \\ N N MWl 5 0 r 11 r J x iXv. r-[n Jrli 1 n4jrr^kLrr >i-J 1 N N K-VK v u 1 X4Mr X r rfi+ixM^^ v A'N I "K H'K \'\air 1' •-sHX^XMi rr^T r r 4 - 1 MM ^ k i T X r i i l 1 M—ri^Lr iri N" X ' • slf S M c- K [XJ 111! IO 2 0 1 Mr : : : fTHMT4Hri4 MTXr^nr^MI n r r r T ^ n MR" X 1iT^wrHM^4j44ill r iJMJJ-iij^MtidJM Li. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 3 0 I 4-0 l l ^Z^^^JUI^^P^^^^^^FT 5 0 eo 1 1 \l 1 \l l\ 1 i 1 \ 1 \i \l \lll 1 !^^^ rrTiTrrnTim n rrrrrrr^1 l\l Kl 1 Kl 111 11111 II1 1111 1II1 11 TO 8 0 9 0 1-IILJ © O M\h\NO 1 iO 256 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA, Some Suggestions for Track-Construction. PHILADELPHIA CONSTRUCTION. I'11** IN. ' •, Deep Girder Rail on Plain Tie-Plates. "S^X Deep Tee Rail, Brace Tie-Plates, Hollow Tile Fillers. THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. 257 Some Suggestions for Track-Construction, CTTiira wmM/''$mF#wm@mm Pimm Six-Inch Girder in Brick or Shallow Granite Pavement. Use Tie-Plates or Braces. M\, *&S$£ W§M^SW0^ Six-Inch Girder on Chairs in Standard Granite Pavement. U||. JIIIIIIILIIII,. : 258 THE PENNSYLVANIA S T E E L COMPANY, S T E E L T O N , PA. Some Suggestions for Track-Construction. BUFFALO T R A C T I O N CO., BUFFALO, N. Y. ~mm®mmmmmi Tmssk.wvf: 'l^W^^^^3^^f^^W'0, a^J£iM Jis£aiaLaai£a*&& ^v^fe)?'-: L o n g i t u d i n a l View, showing Spacing of Ties. T h e rails are laid on continuous b e a m s of concrete m a d e of cement, stone. sand and broken T h e track is held t o g a u g e b y steel ties spaced ten-feet centers. The space b e - tween the rail and beam is solidly filled by r a m m i n g in a mixture of cement and sand. T h e space u n d e r the ties is filled with liquid grout. This construction is somewhat of a departure from the usual practice in this country, and is found t o be more durable and no more expensive struction. Plan-View of Tie. than t h e usual wood-tie con- THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PA. SPIRAL No. 1. X. s°, y> Rad. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Angle. 210 105 70 52^ 42 35 0°42' 1°24' 2° 6' 2° 48' 3° 30' 4° 12' 0.015 0.078 0.219 0.469 0.860 1.420 Angle. SPIRAL No . 2. s°. X. y- Rad. Angle. 300 150 100 75 60 50 40 1*0' 2°0' 3°0' 4°0' 5°0' 6°0' 7°0' Angle. 420 210 140 105 84 70 60 0°42' 1°24' 2° 6' 2° 48' 3° 30' 4° 12' 4° 54' Rad. Angle. 600 300 200 150 120 100 85 0°30' 1° 0' 1°30' 2° 0' 2° 30' 3° 0' 3° 30' ill 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0°30' 1°00' 1°30' 2° 00' 2° 30' 3° 00' 3° 30' 4° 00' Rad. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 300 150 100 75 60 50 42^ 37 & Rad. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Angle. 0.011 0.057 0.160 0.342 0.627 1.036 1.587 2.309 2.565 5.130 7.692 10.245 12.780 15.283 2.618 5.235 7.851 10.463 13.065 15.651 18.18? 20.703 0°42' 2° ( 6 ' 4° 12' 7° 0' 10° 30' 14° 42' 0° 30' 1°30' 3° 0' 5° 0' 7° 30' 10° 30' 14° 0' 18° 0' SPIRAL Nc . 3. s°. x. y0.046 0.229 0.639 1.368 2.501 4.118 6.143 5.236 10.468 15.688 20.871 25.982 30.959 35.403 1°0' 3°0' 6°0' 10° 0' 15° 0' 21° 0' 28° 0' SPIRAL No . 4. s°. x. • y0.031 0.157 0.439 0.939 1.720 2.839 4.352 5.131 10.261 15.384 20.490 25.561 30.567 35.469 0°42' 2° 06' 4° 12' 7° 0' 10° 30' 14° 42' 19° 36' V e r . Sine. Sine. .00007 .00067 .00269 .00745 .01675 .03273 .01222 .03664 .07324 .12187 .18224 .25376 V e r . Sine. Sine. .00004 .00034 .00137 .00381 .00856 .01675 .02970 .04894 .00873 .02618 .05234 .08716 .13053 .18224 .24192 .30902 Ver. Sine. Sine. .00015 .00137 .00548 .01519 .03407 .06642 .11705 .01745 .05234 .10453 .17365 .25882 .35837 .46947 X. 0.023 0.114 0.3^0 0.685 1.255 2.073 3.175 y5.236 10.471 15.703 20.926 26.130 31.302 36.374 Ver. Sine. Sine. .00007 .00067 .00269 .00745 .01675 .03273 .05794 .01222 .03664 .07324 .12187 .18224 .25376 .33545 S°. Ver. Sine. Sine. 0° 30' 1°30' 3° 0' 5° 0' 7° 30' 10° 30' 14° 0' .00004 .00034 .00137 .00381 .00856 .01675 .02970 .00873 .02618 .05234 .08716 .13053 .1*224 .24192 SPIRAL No . 6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 450 300 225 180 150 128 0°20' 0°40' 1° 0' 1°20' 1°40' 2° 0' 2° 20' X. 0.015 0.076 0.213 0.457 0.837 1.385 2.125 y5.236 10.472 15.706 20.936 26.158 31.365 36.524 The accompanying diagram and tables give our standard Easements, which have been adopted after a careful study of the sub- SPIRAL No . 5 . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Spirals or Easements. S°. V e r . Sine. Sine. 0°20' 1° 0' 2° 0' 3° 20' 5° 0' 7° 0' 9° 20' .00002 .00015 .00061 .00169 .00381 .00745 .01324 .00582 .01745 .03490 .05814 .08716 .12187 .16218 ject, and we believe them to be founded upon correct principles. They have been fully tabulated, and all necessary templates made so as to facilitate the manufacture of special work. The tables at the left of this page give the Easements used on plain curves and the free ends of branch-offs. At the switch end is used that portion of a standard spiral which comes between the switch radius and the center radius of the main curve. 259 THE PENNSYLVANIA STEEL COMPANY, STEELTON, PAB RADIUS 260 l<*0 —KM co «*0 MS TOtfi CO -PD CO cu KAUlUb i I i i 1 I CvJ OJ txi O J CO O J r^ 0 0 t OJ HK HS < -w> CO t LCD OJ co CO CO O CL ~r CO CO OJ OJ H<0 £12 =12 • CO CD OJ ICD LCD LO I9l4 1 CO O J 1TD CO «I2 CO 1 CO CO co CO 1 CO CO ^J- RADIUS CO -IS HS < CO t MoO IV. i CO LO o — T LCD ICD i oo ^ | 1 CD LO ~ oo -t CO w IS 1 ^ » CX) OJ OJ ICD T" N8* UTD CO OJ S •Oft) «>J5 CD CJ> CO co CVJ O J OJ CO LCD co » CO CO CO -^ <<*-4ea CD IO «*S C D 1 CD CD CO CO \ -tt C\i CO CO LO < I ro \ co co o < ml2 OJ h|S OJ I O -It CO OJ CO C O CO 1 f O CO co co 1 SIS K> cp HS CO r|S i =rt r CO 5$ co CO 1 CD -It CO MS O J BJjig CVJ OJ OJ MS OJ CD> yp -|W -JCU C O t CD oo U^jP cp cb =» CD (OJflO CO CO CO CO ro CO co 2$ cb CD I CD OJ CD i CD CD c o n o H2 5K m -IN OJ 1 i » CO ICD ICD ICO LO co a|S OJ CD 1 CD io|oo CVJ *>)S » co CO CD OD OS! CO » OJ ICD ICO I O 8K OJ (212 OJ OJ MflD O J OJ HS CD -It 1 CO 1 CO «t (Olt X »jt co -«t O J LCD I O OJ 1 CD CD OJ ml|0 1 1 CO <«5g CD 1 1 I «|S -It OJ WW- CO m(t CO co tats T (o|(0 OO i O J CvJ M« •mt O J O J UCD co o^ HS CO O J -It CD i CD CD CO 1 OO cu|n) CO W|II> OJ vCD CO "7" I CVJ CO CO C O i o cr> CD i co OJ co ro i CD OJ 1 -lev/ 9 « LCD CO CO CO CO O J LO CO SIS CO «)lt CO I Sl# CVJ OJ t MS 1^. O J rtjlt M«o co 1 CD OJ MS OJ 1 CO i CD OJ OJ CO LO OO r*IS H O OJ [ V CO -|<0 raos fRAOIUS c o s X O J <*S CO CD ICD |crr "5 co -it CD io 3 D bo O J co Ico -a o t HS 1 |cxr o' Ctf CVJ H« CD — o LO OJ CD OJ O f3 H!5 o SIS CD «£^5 ink co » *w LO CD -4-5 CO CO L O < se inW 0 1 cU | STEAM-RAILROAD FROGS, SWITCHES, ETC. THE PENNSYLVANIA \ A / E have the largest and S T E E L C O M P A N Y , S T E E L T O N , PA. best-equipped shop for the manufacture of Steam-Railroad 263 Frogs, Switches, Crossings, Switch Stands, Rail Braces, etc., etc., in the country. Our experience improvements and extends over a period of thirty years, and a large number accepted designs in use on the railroads to-day emanated from the Superintendent of this of efficient Department. For Information and Prices, address Mr. G E O R G E W. P A R S O N S , Supt. Frog, Switch and Signal Deftt., STEELTON, the PA.