YALE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

DIARY

REV. JOHN WARD, A.M.,
VICAR OF STRATFORD-UPON-AVON,
EXTENDING FROM 1648 TO 1679.

FROM THE ORIGINAL MSS. PRESERVED IN THE LIBRARY OF
THE MEDICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

ARRANGED BY
CHARLES SEVERN, M.D.,
IIEMBEH OP THE EOYAL COLLEQE OF PHYSICIANS IN LONDON, EEOISTRAE TO THE
MEDICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

PUBLISHED BY PERMISSION OF THE COUNCIL.

LONDON:
HENRY COLBURN, PUBLISHER,
GREAT MARLBOROUGH STREET.
1839.

YALE

rr-c-|

..J.r

LONDON:
Printed by "W. Clowes and Sons,
Stamford-street.

BtiXfe-^"^

TO
THE PRESIDENT,
VICE-PRESIDENTS, TREASURER LIBRARIAN,
AND
MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL
OF THE
MEDICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

Gentlemen,
To you, with great respect, I dedicate
this volume, availing myself of the opportunity
thus afforded, to offer my sincere thanks for the
kind and honourable manner in which you
have been pleased to commit the treasures of
your invaluable library to my care. To your
liberal permission I owe the power of sub-
A

VI dedication.
mitting the Rev, J. Ward's manuscripts to the
public ; and I acknowledge the obligation with
sentiments of esteem and gratitude. Should
I, by humble but persevering efforts, be en
abled to advance the interests of your venerable
and distinguished Society, it would afford me
singular, heartfelt, and unmingled pleasure.
I remain. Gentlemen,
Your obedient Servant,
CHARLES SEVERN.
Bolt Court,
Fleet Street.

PREFACE.

Having been appointed Registrar to the
Medical Society of London, it became my most
agreeable duty to investigate the state and
examine the contents of its most valuable,
unique, and extehsi^'e library. In this some
what laborious, though exceedingly pleasant
task, which I could only continue during the
intervals of professional employment, I was
cheered by the hope of meeting with some
valuable records, memorials, or documents,
among its ancient manuscripts or printed books,
which might possibly have escaped the notice
of my predecessors. In this matter, my hands
a2

Vlll PREFACE.
were greatly strengthened, and my efforts
aided by the kind and steady co-operation of
the Honorary Librarian, W. C. Dendy, Esq.,
to whose exertions the Society as a body, and
myself individually, are so much indebted.
On examining the third press in the library,
my attention was at once arrested by finding
(in excellent preservation) a series of seventeen
duodecimo volumes, in the original binding,
carefully and legibly written, which proved to
be genuine common-place books, extending
from 1648 to 1679, a portion of time fraught
with intense interest to the historian, the prac
titioner of medicine, the student, and the phi
losopher. The fire of London, the plague,
and the restoration of the second Charles — ^the
names of Milton, Dryden, Cowley, and Boyle
among poets and philosophers — of Harvey,
Sydenham, Clayton, Mayerne, Willis, and

PREFACE. IX
Bates among physicians, at once occurred to
my mind, and I resolved, before opening an
other volume, to examine minutely the contents
of these interesting manuscripts, in the earnest
hope of discovering some new and authentic
information relative to these circumstances and
individuals. On finishing the perusal of the
first volume of the series, (as arranged in the
libraiy, without regard to chronological order,)
containing remarks on theological, medical,
and controversial subjects, with formulae for ¦
the preparation of remedies, I was delighted to
find that, in the last entry in the book, the
writer had finished it " att Mr. Brooks his
house, Stratford-uppon-Avon, April 25, 1663."
This at once concentrated all my thoughts aud
anxieties, and directed them to one " clarum et
venerabile nomen," the honoured name of
Shakspeare, respecting whose personal history

X PREFACE.
few, if any, undoubted particulars are known,
and whose resources and final illness have been,
for want of the information exclusively confined
to the shelves of the society's library, either
wholly unknown, or misrepresented. The
eagerness of my search for intelligence on this
engrossing subject will be readily appreciated
by all who have been enchanted with the magic
of his poetical creations, and who have trea
sured in their hearts the noble sentiments,
which (though, perhaps, unconsciously to them
selves) have inspired them with kind and be
nignant feelings towards their fellow beings,
and exalted them above all base and selfish
considerations. If, among the varied con
tents of these volumes, I could obtain any
memoranda which, in the slightest degree,
tended to the elucidation of subjects so deeply
interesting, not only to the English nation, but

PREFACE. xi
to the world at large, I felt that my efforts
would be! amply, repaid, and that I should sue-,
ceed in acquiring that information for which
literary men in all ages, subsequent to the time
of Shakspeare, have diligently sought in vain.
The grejat precision of the writer, his character
as a clergyman of the Church of England, his
candour in speaking of those glorious reformers,
whose religion and politics must have differed
so widely from his own, and the absence of all
party feeling and harsh asperity which marks
his manner of noticing the honest and devoted
republicans, were to my mind convincing proofs
that thorough dependence might be placed on
an individual of so much learning, observation,
and Christian candour. In this, to me, I con
fess, very anxious search, I was fortunately not
entirely disappointed ; and though the notices
of Shakspeare made by Mr. Ward are, alas !

xn PREFACE.
very few and brief, as they supply information
at once novel, interesting, and of strict authen
ticity, they are of great value.
Having carefully transcribed these memorials,
I lost no time in communicating them by letter
to the respected President of the Medical
Society, and to the Honorary Librarian, Mr.
Dendy, a gentleman highly qualified to appre
ciate the worth of whatever relates to th3 his
tory of our literature in general, with which, as
well as with that of the profession, he is per
fectly familiar. To him, indeed, the Society
might with reason look for the publication
of these records; and he would have pre
sented them to the world in a manner far more
suitable to their value, and to the dignity of the
Medical Society, than the unknown individual
to whom the learned and intelligent Council
have been pleased to commit the tasL.

PREFACE. xiii
I had resolved, however, not to shrink from
the attempt to fulfil, as well as I was able, this
or any other duties to which the Society, in
their judgment, might deem me competent;
and the work, in which I am fully aware many
imperfections may be discovered, has been com
pleted amidst the incessant and unavoidable
interruptions of professional engagements.
It may be, perhaps, matter of surprise that
no more extensive collection of Mr. Ward's
Memoranda has been selected for publication ;
but when it is remembered that the bulk of
these records consists of abstracts from authors
well known to the antiquary, or relates to obso
lete processes, then employed for the preparation
of various chemical and pharmaceutical reme
dies, at the present day totally uninteresting to
the general reader, and more accurately and
circumstantially detailed in contemporary phar-

XIV PREFACE.
macopoeias and printed books, it will be evident
that the chief labour has been to select only
such matters as have hitherto been, if known at
all, very imperfectly known, and to give the
world such particular anecdotes as would prove
interesting both to the professional and general
reader. Although the details of these superseded and
forgotten formulae are in themselves of no value
whatever, they are, nevertheless, incidental evi
dences of the authenticity of these manuscripts,
and would remove from the mind of the most
sceptical antiquary all doubt of their genuine
ness. They are vouchers of the truth and
identity of the writer, and witnesses of the
period at which they were written.
The discovery of the memoranda made by
Mr. Ward respecting Shakspeare will, I hope,
induce those who have ancient documents, to

PREFACE. XV
institute a most careful investigation of their
contents. There can be little doubt that exten
sive collections are in existence, illustrative of
Shakspeare's life, and possibly among these
are some of his unprinted works.
From the very scanty notices preserved by
Mr. Ward in his Diary, and from his recorded
appreciation of Shakspeare's excellence as a
dramatic poet, there are sufficient grounds for
believing that the learned diarist made far more
extended collections on this interesting subject.
Amongst papers that are of the greatest
authenticity, and must carry preponderating
weight, next to those of Shakspeare and his
family, are evidently the manuscripts of Mr.
Ward, a resident in the town, the clergyman of
the parish, living in habits of intimacy with,
and in attendance as a medical practitioner
on Shakspeare's immediate descendants. The

XVI PREFACE.
Cloptons, Lucys, and Combes are also among
those with whom he appears to have been on
terms of intimacy ; to him, therefore, I cannot
but hope the world will hereafter owe a far
more circumstantial detail concerning Shak
speare's life, than is contained in the very few
particulars recorded in his Diary.
At the time of Henrietta Maria's visit and
sojourn at New Place, many of Shakspeare's
papers, letters, and, perhaps, unprinted works
must have been preserved, and in the possession
of Mrs. Hall, Avho was then living in the house
with her daughter and son-in-laAV, Nash ; and
it is by no means improbable that she imparted
at least a portion of these papers to the Queen,
or to her officers, among whom were, doubtless,
some who could appreciate their value, espe
cially as the performance of his most popular
plays, and the publication of two editions of his

PREFACE. xvii
works, had widely disseminated the knowledge,
and ensured the public admiration of his genius.
The disastrous events which succeeded, and the
total rout of the Royalist forces at Naseby,
where the King's papers were taken by the
Republican troops, who probably would destroy
all such as did not relate to the despotic schemes
of Charles and his adherents, may account for
the dispersion and loss of these and many other
valuable documents.
Although I am fully aware that many of the
Republican party could appreciate the high and
transcendant genius of Shakspeare, it is no less
certain that the ignorant and illiterate portion
of Fan-fax's and Cromwell's army would deem
it a sacred duty to destroy every paper which
they (in common with modern fanatics) would
regard as inimical to the cause of religion ;
their besotted zeal, it may be very readily sup-

XVIII PREFACE.
posed, was likely to occasion the destruction of
as large a portion of dramatic literature as they
could seize upon ; and if with the King's cabi
net, containing his most secret letters, any of
Shakspeare's manuscripts fell into their hands,
fanatical spirits would doom such precious re
cords to destruction, as " the devil's books, only
fit to be read in Satan's own synagogue.'"
Supposing that Henrietta Maria, or any in
dividual of the exiled Court, retained memorials
of Shakspeare in their own possession, and
carried them abroad, probably a diligent search
among the records and manuscripts preserved
either in public or private libraries in the neigh
bourhood of their places of exile,- would be
successful. Being written in the English lan
guage, there is more reason to believe them, (if
in existence on the Continent,) undiscovered and
unread, than still hidden in our own country.

PREFACE. xix
where so much public attention has been di
rected to this subject ; and to prove how futilely,
we need only notice the very scanty additions
made to Rowe's biography of Shakspeare, by
the numerous writers who have followed him
during the last century. A single paragraph
of the confessedly scanty records of Mr. Ward
is more genuine, important, and exact than the
crude conjectures and vague suppositions of a
host of critics, antiquaries, and biographers.
In the absence of all documents of a date so near
the time of Shakspeare as those of the Reverend
Vicar of Stratford-upon-Avon, his Diary must
be deemed the most credible authority yet
published, as it is the only record extant of the
income enjoyed by the Poet while living, and
of the illness which terminated his existence.

SOME ACCOUNT

THE LIFE

THE REV. J. WARD, A.M.

SOME ACCOUNT OF THE LIFE

THE REV. J. WARD, A.M.

When an individual is brought into public
notice as a hoarder of facts, a retailer of the
sayings and doings of other men, and a recorder
of the treasures of his own thoughts, it is usual,
and perhaps very natural and proper, to inquire,
as far as may be, into his family, station, asso
ciations, habits, and avocations. On learning
what these have been, Ave are certainly better
able to judge of the credence due to his testi
mony, and of the value of his statements. This
feeling induced me to seek out, with indefatiga
ble purpose, all that could be learned at this
b2

life OF THE

remote period concerning the interesting writer
of the manuscripts now published. After a
most diligent and anxious search amongst old
and authentic records, I find that the Rev. John
Ward, A.M., was born at Spratton, in North
amptonshire, anno 1629. His father was John,
the second son of Mr. Daniel Ward, of Hough-
ton-ParA'^a, by Dorothy, daughter of Robert
Pargeter, Esq. It appears that the grand
father of Mr. Ward must have possessed con
siderable property, as at his death, Avhich took
place in the second year of King Charles the
First, anno 1627, he left fifteen messuages, five
cottages, and thirty-three virgates of arable,
pasture, and meadoAV land, in Houghton,*
Stoke-Albany, and Wilbarston.
* The estate and manor of Houghton Parva Mr. Daniel
Ward purchased, at the beginning of the reign of Charles I.,
of Lord Zouchc, in whose family it had been from the time
of King Edward I. His lands at Stoke Albany and Wilbars
ton he pm-chased of Lord Uanvers. He left three sons and
three daughters. In Bridge's "History of Northampton
shire," I find that William Ward, Esq., of Houghton Parva,
held the manor of that place, and paid suit and service to

REV. J. WARD. 5
John, the second son, father of the writer of
these manuscripts, probably lived in retirement
till the civil AA'ars commenced, Avhen we find
him taking an active, though not indeed a dis
tinguished part in the army of the Royalists,
and giving his humble testimony that a country
life is ever the best school for those who may be
called upon to serve their brethren as Avarriors,
statesmen, or heroes ; a proof that undisturbed
reflection strengthens the human mind. Re
mote from the agitation which business and
public engagements, with their noise and bustle,
must ever create, the mind acquires a dignity
of judgment, and an acuteness of perception,
Avith respect to the movements of the world,
by which it is strengthened for steady exer
tion and fitted for activity, Avhen activity and
exertion are most needed. John Ward, the
father of the v^car of Stratford, Avas made lieu
tenant in Colonel Appleyard's regiment of foot.
Lord Brook's court at Wellingborough at the beginning of
the eighteenth century.

b LIFE OF THE
and was present at the battle of Naseby, where
he was taken prisoner by the victorious repub
lican troops, who were under the command of
Sir Thomas Fairfax, and of Cromwell as lieu
tenant-general. Six thousand others, many of
Avhom were Cavaliers of high rank, shared his
late in that day, which was so utterly disastrous
to the royal cause.
This fact is confirmed by the name of Ward,
with his rank, appearing in the list of prisoners
published by the Republicans,* as well as in the
" Mercurius Aulicus," June, 1645, now in the
British Museum.
I regret that I have been unable to collect
more particulars respecting the father of Mr.
Ward, though the Avriter of the manuscripts
alludes to his motlier,+ and speaks of having
* " Three letters from the Right Hon. Sir Thomas Fairfax
and lieutenant-generall Cromwell, wherein aU the parts of a
great victory obtained by our forces against his Majesties" is
fully related, with a list of the officers taken prisoners.
Printed by J. Wright, at the King's Head, Old Bailey." No
date, but evidently .June, 1645. — Bibl. Reg. in Mus. Brit.
t " Remember," says Mr. Ward, " that I demaund of my

REV. J. WARD. 7
" given an unkle," with whom it appears the old
lady lived, " satisfaction for her dyet." He does
not mention his father, except in speaking of
" Nazeby fight," hence we may infer that his
paternal ancestor died young. Mr. Ward ob
serves that " one Mr. Catton, of Kilworth,
occasioned my father's imprisonment at Naseby
fight." From the earliest ages, when the ancients
traced the art of medicine to the gods, and the
priests of Egypt mingled charms and incanta
tions with their remedies, ignorance has ever
sought to combine religion with physic ; and
amongst all barbarous untaught nations, priests
or conjurors are the only physicians. In pro
portion as knowledge advances, imposition and
priestcraft vanish, and the tAVO professions of
religion and medicine become finally separated.
With regard to this subject, it is curious to
observe, that even so late as in the seventeenth
unkle an acquittance for the satisfaction hee hath had for ray
mother's dyet."— MSS. 1665, in the hbrary of the Medical
Society of London.

8 LIFE OF THE
century in England, it was common to blend
these two very dissimilar pursuits.
Mr. Ward took his degree of M. A. at Oxford
in the year 1652. He says, " I was presented
M' of Arts, about the year 1652, in Easter
terme; Anthony Ratcliffe, and Philip Gerard,
and Mr. Temple Avith us."
While a student of divinity he evidently
devoted much time to the literature of our pro
fession, and though it does not appear that he
attended lectures on medical science, (if any
were then delivered at the University,) he asso
ciated Avith the resident practitioners, and from
them obtained much valuable p'ractical informa
tion in his favorite pm-suit, which shows how much
he delighted in its acquirement. He frequently
mentions Dr. ^^'illis. Dr. Bate, and " one
Stephen Toone," at Avhose house he seems to
have lodged, and from Avhom he learned the
various processes of pharmacy ; he also alludes
to Bobart, Avhothen had charge of " the physick
garden " at Oxford, and who gave him some

REV. J. WARD. 9
instruction in the plants of the materia me-
dica. Mr. Ward, after taking the degree of A.M.
at Oxford, came to London, and lodged at the
Bell, in Aldersgate Street, " to be near Barber
Chyrurgeons' Hall," in MonkAvell Street, at that
time the only place in London where public
anatomical lectures were delivered. The follow
ing extracts from his notes prove that he attended
these lectures: — "Feb. 26, 1661. I was at
Barber Chirurgeons' Hall, where I saw Dr.
Scarborough's picture, and in the theatre there
are skeletons, and one statue there is resembling
the muscles. One skeleton there is over the
table, to let down for inspection in time of
dissection. Dr. Scarborough had a wooden
man, wherein the muscles, Avith all their motions,
Avere represented ; itt cost him ten pounds ; hee
brought itt to an anatomic one day, and itt was
stolen from him ; he declared in open hall that
iff any man could help him to itt again hee
would give him five pounds. Dr. Terne should

10 LIFE OF THE
have read, but he was sick.* There are buttAVo
anatomies in a yeer at Barber Chirurgeons'
Hall, besides private ones."
As early as the time of the first Ptolemy we
trace the daAvn of a .great era in the history of
anatomy. The professors of the Alexandrian
school were perhaps the first men authorized to
dissect human bodies. The accounts of Hero-
philus having dissected seven hundred human
subjects, and of Erasistratus joining him in the
inhuman and almost incredible barbarity of
opening and anatomising living human beings,
for the purpose of finding out the secret springs
of life, are probably fabulous tales, belonging to
an age of wild and fanciful exaggeration, when
ignorance and superstition sought to maintain
their ascendancy by the aid of popular fiction
and vulgar prejudice. In the comparatively
latter days of the seventeenth century, in our

* "Sick," an emphatic word, anciently used to describe
that weary languishing state of discomfort wliich moderns
but faintly express by its tamer substitute "ill."

REV. J. WARD. 11
oAvn country, it is curious to mark the slow pro
gression of science, when the solitary skeleton
and " wooden man" Avere the means by which
Dr. Scarborough, the popular lecturer of the
day, elucidated his subject. The latter must
have been a most unsatisfactory substitute for
the exquisitely beautiful developement of the
" fearfully and wonderfully" constructed human
form. It is somewhat amusing to mark the
anxiety evinced by the learned professor for
the recovery (when stolen) of a puppet which,
for any really available purpose of anatomical
demonstration, must have been about as useless
as an infant's doll.
" Remember," Mr. Ward continues, " that I
studie such diseases as are peculiar to women,
and also to children, and furnish myself, so as to
bee readie att them whenlcome into the country."
A little further on he states, that "tAVO ana
tomical lectures Avere read by Dr. Terne, the
one on the heart and midriff, the other on the
head, at Barber Chyrurgeons' Hall."

12 LIFE OF THE
Mr. Ward, while in London, associated much
Avith apothecaries and chemists, and personally
investigated their processes and modes of pre
paring medicines, which he has very minutely
recorded. From February, 1661, till 1662,
the period of his settling at Stratford-upon-
Avon,' he employed his time in collecting infor
mation which might serve to render him qualified
to practise medicine when he had obtained a
living in the country ; a combination of the two
professions in one individual being, at that era,
not unusual ; the bishop of the diocese possess
ing the poAver of granting to the clergy licences
to practise medicine, as aa'cU as to evangelize
their flocks. He had, it appears, at one time
entertained some idea of procuring a degree
in medicine. He says, " Mr. Burnet had a
letter out of the Loav Countries of the charge of
a doctor's degree, which is at Leyden about six
teen pounds, besides feasting the professors ; at
Angers, in France, not above nine pounds, and
feasting not necessary neither." "V^'^e are at a

REV. J. WARD. 13
loss to account for the superior conviviality
and extra charges of the learned professors at
Leyden, unless on the ground of their having
had wider practice in medicine and joviality
than their more moderate French brethren.
"May, 1661. Remember that I doe two
things ; inquire whether a man may get of the
archbishop a licence to practise per totam
Angliam ; 2. enquire for the apothecarie att
the Old Stairs, Wapping, or Blackwall."
And shortly after : " I read Wingate's Abridge
ment of the Statutes, and find a bishop may
licens in his dioces, but not the archbishop
throughout England." These curious notices
refer to the licences then granted by the bishops
to those Avho were qualified to practise medicine,
a privilege now nearly obsolete, though not
entirely given up. The folloAving also relates
to the same subject : " Mr. Burnet said of Mr.
Francis his licens, that itt must bee renewed
every year ; the apparitor would dunne him
else, that his father never Avas nor never would

14 LIFE OF THE
be doctor ; and the apparitor used constantly to
ply him, but he laughed him out of itt." " A
licens granted to practise by Dr. Chaworth to
Rlr. Francis throughout the archbishop's pro
vince, itt did not cost him full out 30*. ; there
were some clauses in itt, as * quamdiu se bene
gesserit,' and 'according to the laAVS of England,'
but I suppose itt was the proper form which is used
in such a case." This Avas the licence which
Mr. Ward probably obtained, and, having done
so, after acquiring in London a knoAvledge of
anatomy, chemistry, and the various sciences
connected Avith medicine, he says, " May 4th,
1661 ; I saAv Mr. Giles, of Lincoln's Inne, Avho
deals much in spirituall livings ;" and shortly
after, " I was at Waltham Abbey and King-
ston-uppon-Thames, to enquire after a settle
ment, but all to no purpose. Dr. Bates* lives
* Dr. George Bate was an eminent physician, and was born
at Maid's Morton, in Buckinghamshire, anno 1608. He was
licensed to practise in the year 1629, and practised cliiefly at
Oxford, among the Puritans. In 1637 he took the degiee of
doctor of medicine, and became so eminent that when King
Charles the First kept his court at Oxford, he was his prin-

• REV. J. WARD. 15
at a country house near Kingston-uppon-
Thames. I saw an apothecarie making a syrup
of snailes, for a friend or patient of Dr. Bates
his ; some part of itt Avould not passe through
a philtre, though extreme porous. Hee (the
apothecarie) showed mee a piece of bone, taken
by trepan out of the skull of a man ; he was a
very ingenious man, and used me very civilly."
There is an original simplicity in these
records (made at an age when the hopes of men
usually expand into a fair landscape of promise,
utility, and pleasure) Avhich proves the writer to
have been a man of reflection. Modest, humble,
cipal physician. When the king's affairs declined. Dr. Bate
came to London, and .accommodated himself so well to the
times, that he became physician to the Charter-House, fellow
of the College of Physicians, and principal physician to
Oliver Cromwell. On the Restoration, he got again into
favour with the Royalists, and was made principal physician
to Charles the Second, and fellow of the Royal Society, and
this (we are told by Wood) was owing to a report, raised on
purpose by his friends, that he had given the Protector a dose
that hastened his death. Dr. Bate wrote in Latin an account
of the late commotions in England, and some other pieces,
and died at his house in Hatton Garden. He was buried at
Kingston-upon-Thames.

16 LIFE OF THE
and retiring, he refrains from giving utterance
to the sanguine expectations which even his
calm and philosophical mind most probably
entertained. Mr. Ward was appointed to the vicarage of
Stratford-upon-Avon in the year 1662 by King
Charles the Second ; the preceding vicar, Mr.
Alexander Bean,* who had been appointed by
the Cromwell party, having been removed at the
Restoration. The vicarage is not large, and
the stipend now received in lieu of small tithes
is only £105 per annum, AAdth a good par
sonage house. We find by his manuscripts
that he became immediately engaged in medical
practice ; and his papers show that he was no
less versed in the Hterature of the profession,
than in Avritings on theological subjects.
After Mr. Ward's appointment to the vicar
age, he continued a student, and added to his
classical acquirements, an acquaintance with
other branches of literature not usually included
* Wheler's History and Antiquities of Stratford-upon-Avon.

REV. J. WARD. 17
in the studies of the clergy. He expresses his
resolution to " studie Arabick and Saxon, with
a further perfection in the Hebrew tongue."
His memoranda present a more lively, inter
esting, and exact picture of the state of medical
practice, and of the method of performing sur
gical operations, than can be collected from
Avorks printed at the time. He probably ncA'er
appeared before the world as an author, though
his intention to publish is thus mentioned, in an
entry made anno 16G4 : " Remember that I
make a comparison betAvixt the bodie of man
and the Avorld, and the actions and properties of
either ; and iff I bring itt to anie head, to print
itt." We do not find that the vicar ever
brought his book to any head : from the subject
he had chosen, it is probable that it Avould have
been learned, philosopliical, aud amusing ; and,
should the manuscript be discovered at the pre
sent day, it would be highly interesting.
The effect of time and proximity on human
judgment with regard to contemporaries, is aptly
c

18 LIFE OF THE
illustrated by the scantiness of Mr. Ward's
records of that divinely-gifted being, whose
name has immortalized the obscure village
where he dwelt, and Avhose simple tomb had so
recently invested the humble roof of its rude
church Avith a halo of splendour and fame un
known to the proudest mausoleum that earthly
wealth, or human pride, ever piled over the
ashes of mortal grandeur. With unavailing
regret we perceive how numerous, varied, and
precious our memorials might have been in these
volumes, but for the strange and almost uni
versal sentiment Avliich prevents men from
appreciating the talents of those with Avhom
they hold familiar intercourse. " His father and
mother are Avith us, and his brethren we
knoAV," is the language of envious mediocrity,
ever prone to treat the genius it can neither
understand nor value Avith insulting disregard.
Many a priceless gem must also have been
scattered, forgotten, and lost, amidst the rude,
but useful and engrossing avocations of the

REV. J. WARD. 19
vicar's rustic flock, and as John Ward bent over
the beds of the aged and the dying, to impart
religious consolation, or, in his character of
medical friend, ministered to the infirmities of
sickness and decay, he must frequently have
conversed with those to Avhom Shakspeare was
well known, and who had " walked awhile with
him" in the world, as acquaintances, friends,
and neighbours. At these professional and
consolatory visits it must be supposed that by a
man of Mr. Ward's kindness of heart, mental
research, and social feeling, many interesting
conversations must have been entered into ; but,
regardless of a " pearl richer than all their
tribe," it appears they talked not of Shak
speare, Avho had proved his love to his native
village by returning to it, and again becoming
the associate of his former friends, after his
splendid career, when he had, Avith unblemished
character, acquired an ample competency, and
Avon a name that must last as long as the annals
of English history.
c2

20 LIFE OF THE
What Mr. Ward does record of him, avIio
Avrote "not for an age, but for all time," little
though it be, must be regarded Avith deep inter
est by all who have felt the power of the im
mortal bard, who looked through nature with
penetrating eyes, and though he had " small
Latin and less Greek," as an historian and
philosopher, never appears ignorant of what
history and philosophy teach, and Avho, in his
power of appealing to the best and warmest feel
ings of the heart, stands Avithout a rival.
" Tale tuum carmen nobis, divine Poeta !
Quale sopor fessis in gramine, quale per aestum,
Dulcis aqua; saliente sitim restinguere rivo ;
Nam neque me tantum venientis sibilus Austri,
Nee percussa juvant fluctu tam littora, nee quae
Saxosas inter decurrunt flumina valles !"
Mr. M'^ard Avas an invalid durina: the greater
part of his life ; he frequently mentions his
" cough," Avhich seems to have been asthmatic,
and records minutely the remedies he employed
for its relief, and also their effects. He CA'i-
dently bore his sufferings with manly and

REV. J. WARD. 21
Christian fortitude, and Ave trace no expression
of querulous discontent throughout the long and
interesting period ; every idea Avhich he could
collect that might serve to alleviate his disorder
is carefully noted down Avithout a remark.
Sentiments of resignation and submission to the
Divine will are frequently recorded ; belief in
the design and tendency of all afflictions even
tually leading to final good, is firmly expressed ;
and it is with much pleasure Ave feel impelled to
acknowledge that accident has made us ac
quainted with an honest, cleA'er, industrious,
and pious man. Mr. Ward's successor, the
very venerable and reverend vicar of Stratford-
upon-Avon, Dr. James Davenport, in a letter
dated November 8th, 1838, for Avhich I owe
him most sincere thanks, has kindly forwarded
me the date of Mr. Ward's funeral, Avhich is
1681, Seplember 13th.
That gentleman also conjectures that his
learned predecessor Avas unmarried, as the
church register contains no record of man iage

22 LIFE OF THE
ceremony or baptismal rite connected with the
vicar's name during his incumbency. Probably,
the fearful consciousness which his professional
knowledge gave him that his days were num
bered, prevented him from forming a connexion,
Avhich must so early have left his wife a widow
and his children orphans.
" These may possibly live when I am dust
and ashes," is the passing idea, briefly and
humbly expressed, at a time Avhen the amiable
writer of these manuscripts was fast approach
ing the end of his useful, active, and weU- spent
life. It has been an interesting duty to trace the
opinions, and read of the pursuits of this good,
and, it may be, rather eccentric man, during a
period of twenty-six years. The handAvriting
in the manuscripts changes from boyish neat
ness and ornament to the bold, firm, penmanship
of manhood, after Avhich it is affecting to
observe it characterized by that alteration and
tremulousness commonly seen in the writings of

REV. J. WARD. 23
the sick and the aged ; yet the mind of the
writer Avas unshaken, his thoughts possess the
same personal individuality, — his style the same
poAver of original, quaint, and forcible expres
sion. The manuscripts were discontinued (pro
bably on account of increasing illness) two
years prior to Mr. Ward's decease ; his thought
was prophetical, — and " they live," though
their author has long been " dust and ashes,"
a victim to one of those grievous chronic
diseases that waste life, and Avear out the human
frame, ere age has had time kindly and gently
to loosen the ties, and gradually to blunt the
keenly acute feelings that bind us most strongly
to the world.
Mr. Ward died at the age of fifty-two, on
the 7th of September, 1681, and Avas buried
near the north wall of the church at Stratford-
upon-Avon, where the folloAving inscription is
inscribed on a flat stone : —
"Hie jacet Job. Ward, A.M., Sprattonige
JSorthampt. natus, hujus Ecclesise Vicarius per

24 LIFE OF THE
annos xix. denatus fuit vii. die Septembris
Anno Domini mdclxxxi. setatis suae lii."

Abstract of Mr. Ward's Will.
Mr. Ward's Avill is preserved in Doctors'
Commons ; it is dated 1678. " The whole
property is given to his brother, the Rev.
Thomas Ward, rector of Stow-on-the-Wold, in
the county of Gloucestershire^ Avith the excep
tion of certain legacies, amounting to betAveen
four and five hundred pounds, to William Oxe-
don and his sister, of Spratton, Mr. Ward's
native village; to Stephen Toon, an apothecary
at Oxford ; to JMr. Sweeny, Perkins, Castle,
RainboAV, and to the poor of the surrounding
parishes. His brother Thomas is appointed
sole executor ; Avitnesses, Jo. Pound, Eleanor
Field, + her mark, Maria Mace." As it was
not the practice at this period to sAvear to the
amount of property, it is impossible to ascertain

REV. J. WARD. 25
this point Avith precision, though it was, no
doubt, considerable, as in an entry made March
8, 1674, Mr. Ward says, " My brother had of
mee 25 Avritings ; hee said they appertained to
that estate which I sold him." "As there is
no mention in Mr. Ward's will of wife or chil
dren,'' says the gentleman to whom I am
indebted for the above abstract, " the presump
tion is that he died without leaving either."
The manuscripts of Mr. Ward are contained
in seventeen duodecimo volumes, in the original
binding, and they probably formed part of the
late Dr. Sims's library. Two volumes contain
outlines of sermons, and the other fifteen con
sist of a series of anecdotes, facetiae, accounts of
medical and surgical cases, Avith post mortem
obserA'ations, — and miscellaneous extracts on
theological, historical, and philosophical sub
jects. The original remarks made by Mr.
Ward prove him to have been a man of good
sense, and (as regards the practice of medicine)

26

life of the

in advance of the age in which he lived, while
his graphic descriptions of surgical operations,
at which he appears to have assisted, present a
more lively and interesting picture of the de
gree of information possessed by medical men,
and display their mode of practice more accu
rately than any work printed at the time. The
few original observations contained in these
volumes cannot but excite our regret that Mr.
Ward did not depend more on his OAvn judg
ment, and less on the authority of previous
writers on medical subjects.
As these note-books Avere evidently intended
for his OAvn use, Ave become nearly as well ac
quainted Avith his character, modes of thinking,
and principles of practice, as if we were his
contemporaries. He seems very faithfully to have fulfilled the
duties of vicar to liis congregation, and evi
dently felt a deep interest in the bodily welfare
of his flock, as Avell as in their religious instruc
tion. He was of a facetious turn of mind, and

REV. J. WARD. 27
some of the anecdotes recorded are not adapted
for publication at the present day; — the dia
logues in Shakspeare's comedies, and other
writings of about the same era, show that broad
and coarse allusions were not then unusual,
which at the present time would not be tole
rated. The testimony borne by Mr. Ward in
favour of the nonconformist ministers, who suf
fered joyfully the loss of all things for the
cause of religious freedom, cannot but be
deemed highly interesting, and is of great
value, coming from a clergyman of the Church
of England, Avhose education, interest, and
family connexions would have tended to preju
dice against them a mind less candid than his
own. In politics, there are ample grounds for
believing that Mr. Ward Avas not unfavourable
to republicanism. The enthusiasm of the
Royalists must have been enormous to have
remained unabated in zeal, when the ruinous
tendencies of Charles's profligate conduct and
extravagant disposition were known to have

28 LIFE OF THE REV, J. WARD.
plunged the nation so deeply in debt, that wise
men (amongst whom Avere many Royalists)
held themselves Avith their families in readiness
to remove abroad, rather than share in the judg
ments and destruction boldly denounced from
the pulpit, as inevitably awaiting the crying
sins of the palace and the court. Notwith
standing his father fought at Naseby with the
Royalist forces, his remarks and anecdotes re
specting the first and second Charles prove that
he was by no means blind to the tyranny of the
former, or the profligacy of the latter monarch.

SHAKSPEARE.

SHAKSPEARE'S NAME.

I SHALL briefly state my reasons for adopting
the usual mode of spelling the poet's name,
though I confess it is with some hesitation I
refer to the subject. The difference of one or
more letters is of trivial importance, Avhere indi
vidual identity so nobly asserts triumphant
claims ; Ave might better folloAV the wise ex
ample of the Rhodian Avoman, Avho pointing the
attention of Apelles to the floAving line of grace
and beauty traced on the canvas by a master's
hand, said, " The person for whom you are in
quiring is here." The poet need not be cited
into court to prove his identity, — he painted
from and to the soul, and Avho can mistake the

32

SHAKSPEARE S NAME.

tracings of his pencil, while nature is herself,
while the heart is true to feeling, the eye to
sight, and the mind to sense : one line from his
creative hand can never fail to tell us, that
Shakspeare, the master, has been there !
The vast uncertainty in the orthography
of the names of places and persons about the
Elizabethan era is universally acknowledged.
Neglecting nobler topics of discussion, dispu
tants, relative to the correct mode of spelling
Shakspeare's name, have been busily engaged
in settling this very minute point of feeble and
exhausted interest. The " Archeeologia " con
tains an essay on the inconsequential subject ;
a writer there considers that the agreement
of two of the signatures in Shakspeare's
will, Avith the autograph in the volume of
Florio's translation of Montaigne, has set the
matter for ever at rest, and, consequently, that
the poet's name contained no ' a' in the final syl
lable. Independent of the great variation and
utter want of uniformity in the spelling of pro-

shakspeare's NAME. 33
per names, there is another consideration which
renders this reading by no means firmly esta
blished. It is true, that though the two first
signatures in the will are undoubtedly " Shak-
spere," yet the last is " Shakspeare," and who
can prove which is the poet's own signature ?
In a copy of the folio edition of his works,
formerly in the possession of the Rev. J. Ward,
" W. Shakspeare," is Avritten on a slip of paper
pasted in, probably a genuine autograph ob
tained by Mr. Ward. Are not the two former
signatures to the will contractions ? or may
they not have been written by the amanuensis
Avho transcribed Shakspeare's Avill ? We find
the name of Shakspeare spelt in no less than
eight different Avays in various ancient docu
ments, Shaxper, Shagspere, Shakspere, Shake
speare, Shakespere, Shakspear, Shakspeare,
and Shakespear ; and I doubt not equal rea
sons exist for believing that of these, none
Avere absolutely definite and invariable, but all
adopted according to the pronunciation of the

34 shakspeare's name.
individual using the word, varied only by the
omission of a letter or letters, as it was written
or spoken sloAvly or rapidly. The inscription
on the tomb, the name in the grant of arms to
the father of Shakspeare being alike in accord
ance with that in Mr. Ward's manuscripts, and
with the ordinary mode of spelling the family
name, agreeing also with the last signature in
the poet's will, (probably the only one in that
document Avritten Avith his own hand,) there is
at least as much reason for believing this to be
the correct orthography as " Shakspere ;" but it
must be allowed, that which way soever it
might have been originally spelt is a matter of
very little importance now, except to prove the
great interest occasionally excited by trifles.

SHAKSPEARE IN HIS YOUTH.

Many books have been Avritten to prove that
Shakspeare held horses and stole deer ; and
books as numerous have been penned to testify
that Shakspeare did not steal deer, and could
not have held horses, either in his own person
or by proxy. Writers have been grandiloquent
on the subject of the poet's imprudence and
necessities ; and others have industriously spun
out verbosity to the minuteness of a spider's
filament in pathetically and eloquently expa
tiating on the very dangerous irregularities
of genius, joined Avith the lamentably careless
thoughtlessness of youth, till, in the fervency of
their zeal, they have evidently shown that folly
d2

36 SHAKSPEARE
and decrepitude are the only virtues extant.
Of Shakspeare himself it seems almost like
irreverence to speak, language falls so infinitely
short in the adequate expression of his high
attributes. Even thought fails to pay the just
tribute of praise and admiration to his resplen
dent genius, which, in truth, resembles in its
might and poAver the Divinity from Avhence it
emanated. Of the portraits Ave possess, Jansen's is un
doubtedly the best. The spirituality, loveliness,
and exquisite delicacy of Shakspeare's ele
gantly moulded form and perfectly beautiful
features mark him as one of those splendid
creations, Avho, endoAA^ed with the quick per
ceptions and acute sensitiveness peculiar to the
finest feminine organizations, nevertheless pos
sess in a supereminent degree, all the energies,
virtues, and mental strength, generally, though
falsely, considered the sole attributes of man
hood. It is no idle trick of the imagination,
no vainly cherished remnant of superstitious

in HIS YOUTH. 37
feeling, but the melancholy result of sorrowful
observation, founded on fatal facts, that too
often enables us to foretell premature decay
and early death to many a one of the youngest
and fairest, the noblest and grandest of the
children of men belonging to this eminently
distinguished class, Avith a verity that far sur
passes the traditionary forebodings of the most
gifted seers of ancient days.
After having read all that Avild conjecture
has suggested to minds as various as the colours
of the rainboAV, we must arrive at the inevitable
conclusion, that, as a moralist, Shakspeare's
character was one of the very highest order.
As plainly as Desdemona saw Othello's person
in his mind, so plainly can Ave read Shakspeare's
character in his writings. No false morality,
no morbid sentiment, no pleading for mean
and shuffling expediency, sulhes the fair records
of his gloAving thoughts. With regard to every
act and circumstance of life, every ingenuo.us,
honourable feeling, and every sacred sentiment

38

SHAKSPEARE

of the human heart, Shakspeare expresses only
and ever the pure, simple, forcible language of
truth and soberness. True it is that^is villains
are most villanous, and his fools veiy flippant ;
but it Avas to render vice odious and folly despi
cable, that he makes their personifications speak
the plain, unquestionable language of fatuitous
imbecility, or utter the reckless sentiments of
undisguised guilt.
What if, Avith the tales and songs of " merrie
Sherwood " still ringing in his young ears,
Avhile yet a mere boy, unknoAvn to fame, and
unconscious of liis OAvn mighty powers, he did
engage in some sylvan frolic of fun and fane
under the greenwood tree, and there, Avith
fcAV other lads as thoughtless as himself, com
mit some trifling infringement of the forest
laAVS ? It Avas an offence of a character so
trifling, that none but a justice, who AA'as " at
home a poor scarecroAv, in London an ass,"
Avould have taken cognizance of. The cool,
mean malignity of this " Parliament member

IN HIS YOUTH. 39
and justice of peace " in actually sending as far
as Warwick for a lawyer to assist him in car
rying on a solemn prosecution against a few
beardless boys for a thoughtless frolic, has been
most amply avenged by the merciless ridicule
which the light-hearted crew, aided by the un
erring pen of their gifted leader, have been
enabled to heap for ever on the unfortunate
justice's memory.
Having been, while yet a minor, married to
a woman some years his senior, there is a bare
possibility that the union of Shakspeare was
not one of perfect, unmingled happiness. But
we have not the slightest authority for sup
posing tlj^at there ever Avas any separation be
tAveen the parties ; on the contrary, the tender
and delicate bequest in the poet's Avill, written
only seven weeks before his death, and probably
inserted by his OAvn hand, together Avith Mrs.
Shakspeare's desire and anxiety to be buried
near to, (and, had it been permitted,) in the
grave of her beloved husband, evidently proves

40 SHAKSPEARE
the unshaken constancy of an affection between
them, Avhich deadly divorce had never torn
asunder. The earliest collector of facts respecting
Shakspeare was Mr. John Aubrey, whose ma
nuscripts are preserved in the Ashmolean Mu
seum at Oxford. This writer, according to
Malone, obtained his particulars about the year
1680, tAventy years after the date of Mr. Ward's
records, and no less than sixty-four years sub
sequent to the death of the poet, at which time
there could not have been a single individual in
existence Avho Avas not an infant during Shak
speare's lifetime. Independent of this consider
ation, it is well knoAvn to those who are
conversant with the writings of Aubrey, that
he Avas so credulous and superstitious, as to ren
der it necessary for us to exercise great caution
in receiving any of his statements. The asser
tion Avhich he makes that Shakspeare's father
Avas a butcher, is entirely disbelieved at the
present day; and the grant of arms to John

IN HIS YOUTH. 41
Shakspeare in 1599, with the testimony of
Rowe, seem sufficient to prove that his family
Avas one " of good figure and fashion." The
facts related by Aubrey are, consequently, of
far less authority than those recorded by Mr.
Ward, whose manuscripts begin in the year
1648, or only thirty-two years after the death of
Shakspeare ; and although the time at which
he notes down the memoranda of Shakspeare
was 166.3, yet these particulars were in all pro
bability collected soon after the appointment of
Mr. Ward to the vicarage of Stratford-upon-
Avon in 1662. It appears that Mr. Ward
formed a far more accurate opinion of the dis
tinguished eminence of Shakspeare than did
the learned and industrious Heylin, who omitted
to insert the name of Shakspeare in his list of
eminent and distinguished English dramatic
Avriters. Mr. Ward, in one of his notes, queries
" Avhether Dr. Heylin does well to omit Shak
speare in reckoning up the dramatick poets
which have been famous in England ;" and

42

SHAKSPEARE

also expresses his resolution " to make himself
acquainted with the plays of Shakspeare," as
he says, " that he may not be ignorant in that
matter." The story of the poet having been concerned
in deer-stealing, before alluded to, in all pro
bability originated in some youthful frolic, and,
as he must have been under eighteen years of
age when the circumstances which gave rise to
this legend occurred, it cannot be deemed ca
pable of fixing any stain upon his character ;
the whole detail, as far as we can gather, seems
to be a proof of the very trivial nature of the
offence, and the just contempt Avhich an in
genuous mind felt at being subject to an arbi
trary and vindictiA'e prosecution, instituted
against the young poet by Sir Thomas Lucy,
Avhich drcAV upon that absurd knight the de
served ridicule of a satirical ballad, the first
verse of Avhich Avas obtained from Mr. Thomas
Jones, of Tarbick, a village in AVorcestershire,
eighteen miles distant from Stratford-upon-

IN HIS YOUTH. 43
Avon. This Mr. Jones remembered to have
heard from several old people the story of
Shakspeare stealing deer from Sir Thomas
Lucy's park, agreeing Avith Rowe's account.
Malone has wasted much fruitless research in
the endeavour to prove that there was no park
at Charlcote in Shakspeare's time ; yet it is
quite clear that the family of the Lucys had
been possessed of immense estates for many
generations. Dugdale states, that from Walter
de Charlcote descended William, Avho assumed
the name of Lucy, and Avas in arms with the
barons against King John, but, returning to his
allegiance in the first year of the reign of Henry
the Third, had his lands (Avhich had been seized
for rebellion) restored to him, as appears by the
King's mandate to the sheriffs of Worcester,
Gloucester, Warwickshire, and Leicestershire,
in Avhich counties his estates lay. He Avas
executor to his brother, Stephen de Lucy, at
Avhose death he inherited a great personal

44 SHAKSPEARE
estate. In the twentieth year of Henry the
Third, the custody of the county was committed
to his charge, Avith the strong castle of Kenil-
Avorth. He bore for his arms verry, three lucies
hauriant d'argent. He was twice married ; first to
Ysabell, daughter to Absolon Aldermonestone,
Avith whom he received certain lands ; and,
second, Maud, sister and one of the co-heiresses
of John Cotele, with whom he had as a dower
the manor of Berenton, in Hampshire. The
argument against the existence of a park at
Charlcote at the end of the sixteenth century,
because there is no record of Sir Thomas Lucy
having provided a buck for the table of the
officials at Stratford-upon-Avon, is, indeed, a
proof that the AVorthy lord of Charlcote manor
Avas not very liberal in the distribution of his
venison ; and AA'hether it AA^ere in park or pad
dock, by no means invalidates the traditionary
legend, corroborated, as it undoubtedly is, by
the dialogues in the " INIerry Wives of Wind-

IN HIS YOUTH. 45
sor;" nor is it likely that Justice Shallow's
prototype, whose patrimonial estates were found
in no less than five counties of England, would
have the grounds Avhere he himself resided, des
titute of so great an ornament as deer.
Even supposing there were no park in Eliza
beth's time, there was (as may be seen in Dug-
dale's plate of the family mansion and scenery
around,) at the back of Charlcote House, waste
and woody land uninclosed, Avhere there might
have been deer, of which Sir Thomas Lucy, as
lord of the manor, was conservator ; and Shak
speare probably deemed, that as his father was
a proprietor of land in the neighbourhood, he
had as valid a right to his share of the ferae
natm-ae as the knight himself. But Mr. Jones
affirms that the ballad Avritten by Shakspeare
Avas stuck against the park gates, which
so exasperated the knight that he sent to
WarAvick for a laAvyer, Avhom he employed
against the young poet. Mr. Jones repeated

46 SHAKSPEARE
the first stanza of the song, which was all that
he remembered of it.'*
In an edition of Shakspeare's Works by
Harvey, the whole of this satirical ballad is
printed, though, as he does not give his autho
rity, there must be some doubt of its authen
ticity. * In a history of the stage, the authority of which is greatly
distrusted by Malone, that author states that there is the
following passage, to which, he says, the reader may give what
credit he pleases : —
" Mr. Joshua Barnes, late Greek professor at Cambridge,
baiting about forty years ago at an inn in Stratford, heard an
old woman sing part of the following song, and such was his
respect for Shakspeare, that he gave her a new gown for
four stanzas, and could she have said it all, he would, as he
often said, have given her ten guineas.
" Sir Thomas was too covetous
To covet so much deer,
When horns enough upon his head
Most plainly did appear.
Had not hi; worship one deer left ?
What then ? he had a wife,
Took pains enough to find him horns
Should last him all his life !"

IN HIS YOUTH, 47
SONG. 1.
A parliament member, a justice of peace.
At home a poor scarecrow, in London an asse.
If lowsie is Lucy, as some volke miscalle it.
Then Lucy is lowsie, whatever befalle it.
He thinks himself greate,
Yet an asse in his state,
We allow by his ears but with asses to mate.
If Lucy is lowsie, as some volke miscalle it.
Sing lowsie Lucy, whatever befalle it.
2.
He's a haughty proud insolent knight of the shire.
At home no one loves, though there's many him feare,
ff lowsie is Lucy, as some volke miscalle it.
Then Lucy is lowsie, whatever befalle it.
He thinks himself greate, &c.
3.
To the sessions he went, and did sorely complaine,
His parke had been robb'd, and his deer had been slaine.
This Lucy is lowsie, as some volke miscalle it.
Sing lowsie Lucy, whatever befalle it.
He thinks himself greate, &c.

He said, 'twas a ryot, his men had been beate,
His venison was stole, and clandestinely eate.
So lowsie is Lucy, as some volke miscalle it,
Sing lowsie Lucy, whatever befalle it.
He thinks himself greate, &c.

48 SHAKSPEARE 5.
So haughtie was he when the fact was confess'd.
He said 'twas a crime that could not be redress'd.
So Lucy is lowsie, as some volke miscalle it.
Sing lowsie Lucy, whatever befalle it.
He thinks himself greate, &c.
6.
Though Luces a dozen he puts in his coat.
His name it shall lowsie for Lucy be wrote.
For Lucy is lowsie, as some volke miscalle it.
Sing lowsie Lucy, whatever befalle it.
He thinks himself greate, &c.
7.
If a juvenile frolick he cannot forgive,
We'U sing lowsie Lucy as long as we live.
And Lucy, the lowsie, a libel may calle it,
Sing lowsie Lucy, whatever befalle it.
He thinks himself greate,
Yet an asse in his state.
We allow by his ears but with asses to mate.
If Lucy is lowsie, as some volke miscalle it,
Sing lowsie Lucy, whatever befalle it.
That the prosecution of Shakspeare for a
mere boyish frolic was in his own mature
judgment unjustifiable is evident, for he has in
the " Merry Wives of Windsor," written in
1601, or at least nineteen years after, perpe-

SHAKSPEARE IN HIS YOUTH. 49
tuated the amusing ridicule on ignorance and
insolence in office. Act I. — Scene I.
Slender. Ay, and a gentleman born. Master Parson, who
writes himself Armigero ; in any bill, quittance, or obhgation,
Armigero. Shallow. Ay, that I do, and have done so any time these
three hundred years.
Slender. All his successors gone before him have don't;
and all his ancestors that come after him may: they may
give the dozen white luces in their coat.
Shallow. It is an old coat.
Evans. The dozen white louses do become an old coat well ;
it agrees well passant ; it is a familiar beast to man, and signi
fies — love.
In the third scene Shakspeare recurs to the
frolic before alluded to.
Falstaff. Now, Master Shallow, you'll complain of me to
the King ?
Shallow. Knight, you have beaten my men, killed my deer,
and broke open my lodge.
Fatstaff. But not kissed your keeper's daughter.
Shallow. Tut, a pin ! this shall be answered.
Falstaff. I will answer it strait ; I have done all this : that
is now answer'd.
Shallow. The Council shall know this.
Falstaff. Twere better for you if 'twere known in council ;
you'U be laughed at.

SHAKSPEARE'S PROPERTY.

Shakspeare's property has been variously
estimated by his biographers. Malone says
Gilden has asserted without sufficient authority,
that the poet left an estate of £300 a- year ; a
sum Avliich (he observes in 1793) is equal to
£1,000 a-year at the present day ; but from a
minute examination, JMalone doubts whether
all of it amounted to more than £200 a-year.
This statement, which may or may not be cor
rect as to the property bequeathed, is, as regards
his revenue AA'bile living, altogether erroneous.
The ample income derived by Shakspeare from
his literary exertions Avas not even suspected
by subsequent inquirers, and ignorant of this

shakspeare's PROPERTY. 51
undoubted realization of Avealth, in order to
account for the poet's purchasing in 1602 or
1 603 the principal mansion-house in his native
village, subsequent writers, on the authority of
Rowe, have repeated a story without inquiry,
concerning the truth of Avhich, RoAve himself
honestly expresses evident distrust. " There
is," he says, " one instance so very singular in
the magnificence of this patron of Shakspeare's,
that if I had not been assured that the story was
handed down by Sir William D'Avenant,* who
was probably aa^cU acquainted Avith his affairs,
I should not haA'e ventured to insert it ; that
my Lord Southampton at one time gave him a
thousand pounds to complete a purchase he had
a mind to. A bounty very great and very rare
at any time, and almost equal to that profuse
generosity the present age has shown to French
dancers and Italian singers." Besides pur-
* Sir William Davenant was only ten years old at the time
of Shakspeare's death, and therefore must have heard of this
" supposed bounty " many years after it was said to have
taken place.
E 2

52 shakspeare's property
chasing New Place, the poet expended a very
considerable sum in repairs and alterations.
That the house was in all respects suitable for
the residence of a gentleman of fortune is clear,
since, on the 22d of June, 1643, when Hen
rietta Maria, Queen of Charles I., entered
the town triumphantly from Newark, with
3,000 foot, 1,500 horse, 150 waggons, and a
train of artillery, she was met by Prince
Rupert, and, after sojourning three weeks at
NcAV Place, then possessed by Shakspeare's
grand-daughter, Mrs. Nash, and her husband,
the Queen Avent to Kineton, near Edgehill, to
meet her husband, and from thence to Oxford.
It is, therefore, quite obvious, that New
Place must have been a house of considerable
magnitude, to have been capable of accommo
dating the queen and her necessarily large reti
nue. Shakspeare purchased the lands Avliich
he attached to New Place, Anno Domini 1 602,
at least twenty years after he had been engaged
in performing and writing for the stage in Lon-

shakspeare's property. 53
don, during which time he unquestionably had
an ample opportunity of making such a provi
sion for the purchase of his house, out of the
honourable earnings of his pen, Avithout the
necessity of having recourse to the Earl of
Southampton's assistance. Patronized by Queen
Elizabeth, by whom, doubtless, his genius Avas
thoroughly appreciated, (and who is said to
have " distinguished him by many fair marks of
her favour,") it is far more likely that she very
liberally rewarded the efforts of his muse, than
that he should owe to the priA'ate friendship of
one individual, the means of making the pur
chase of New Place, especially as Ave are noAv
informed by Mr. Ward, that " Shakspeare's
alloAvance for two plays a-year Avas so large,
that he spent at the rate of 1,000/. a-year." Out
of this ample income, Avhich, according to Ma-
lone's calculation, AA'Ould be more than equivalent
to 3,000/. a-year at the present day, it Avould have
been perfectly easy for Shakspeare to make
such a reservation as would fully suffice to com-

54 shakspeare's property.
plete any purchase "lie had a mind to."* In
future ages some biographer of Sir Walter
Scott, with as little truth, may impute to the
generosity of George the Fourth the possession
of the immense sums which the northern ma
gician acquired by his own unaided efforts, and
give some obscure or ostentatious patron the
credit of having assisted Sir Walter in the pur
chase and fitting-up of Abbotsford, Avhich, it is
* " Among the documents preserved at the Chapter-house,
Westminster, Mr. Collier observes, there is one which relates
to the purchase, in 1603, of a messuage in Stratford-upon-
Avon, with a barn, granary, garden, and orchard, for £60.
In May, 1G02, Shakspeare had bought 107 acres of land,
which he attached to the mansion of New Place ; and in
the same month of the following year, he made this additional
bargain with Hercules Underbill.
" It is known further that, in 1605, Shakspoaie gave £440
for a lease of a moiety of the great and small tithes of Strat
ford; so that the author of the anonymous tract, called
' Ratsey's Ghost,' printed without date, but not earlier than
1606, might well make his hero tell the poor itinerant players,
in obvious reference to the success of Shakspeare, ' When
thou fcelest thy purse well lined, buy thee some place of
Lordship in the country, that, growing weary of playing, thy
money may there bring thee to high dignity and reputation ;
for I have hoard, indeed, of some, that have gone to London
very meanly, and have come in time to be exceeding
wealthy.' "

shakspeare's property. 55
Avell known, the baronet accomplished solely by
his own Avonderful exertions. Out of so large
an annual income as 1,000/. a-year, at the com
mencement of the seventeenth century, it is
surely not improbable that Shakspeare, whose
depth of affection for his family cannot be
doubted, made, during his lifetime, ample pro
vision for his wife. The whole evidence of his
contemporaries, as Avell as the tenour of every
passage in his works, is in direct opposition to
his ever having been capable of adding insult to
injury, as asserted by pseudo-critics ; and re
membering that Ben Jonson was with him
only a few days before his death, Avho, in his
verses " to the memory of his beloved friend,"
makes no mention of any vexatious source of
domestic unhappiness, nor is such a circum
stance even hinted at by any contemporary
Avriter, we therefore cannot but conclude tliat
the whole supposition is perfectly unfounded in
truth, and only based on ignorance of facts, and
the blundering misinterpretation of the inter-

56 shakspeare's property.
lineary bequest in his will, wherein he leaves
" unto his wief his second best bed with the
furniture." The interlinear insertion of this
bequest is no more a proof of intentional neg
lect, than that of " to his fellowes, John Hem-
mings, Richard Burbage, and Henry Cundell,
xxvi'- viii*-, to buy them ringes;" or to "Wil
liam Raynolds, gent., xxvi' viii'*-, to buy him a
ringe.'' They are all, doubtless, alike the
omissions of Shakspeare's laAvyer, or of the per
son employed to transcribe the will ; omissions
of a similar kind being very frequent in legal
documents. But AA'hy, it has been asked, leave
the Avife of his youth ^' his second best bed," and
not his first best bed ? It Avill not, I think, be
difficult to give a most satisfactory ansAver to
this query. Shakspeare had expressly left to
his daughter, Susanna, and her husband. Dr.
John Hall, " all the rest of his goods, chattels,
leases, plate, and household stuffe Avhatsoever ;'"
and supposing, as is most probable, Mrs. Shak
speare to have resided Avith them after her bus-

shakspeare's property. 57
band's death at New Place,* she would there
have the use and benefit of every article, as in
her husband's lifetime. There is, I presume, a
special reason why the second best bed Avas
deemed by him so precious a bequest "to his
Avief ;" few, if any, either in London or the
country, are themselves in the habit of sleeping
on the first best bed; — this was probably by
Shakspeare reserved for the use of Jonson,
Southampton, the aristocratic Drayton, or for
other of those distinguished persons Avith whom
he is known to have been in habits of intimacy.
The second best bed was, doubtless, the poet's
* The rabid old gentleman who destroyed Shakspeare's
Mulberry tree, and in an impotent fit of bilious rage, pulled
the poet's last abode to the ground, quitted Stratford amidst
the general execration of its inhabitants. This wild mis
chief could only have been the work of eccentricity on the
very verge of madness ; we pity the poor wretch capable of
an act so unfeeling and senseless, for though it was, we
know, the constant visible presence of the Deity which hal
lowed the bulwarks of Sion, and fortified her walls with sal
vation, ten thousand vivid recollections sanctify the deserted
dwellings of the truly great, endear their earthly abodes, and
hallow their relics to the hearts and unaginations of pos
terity.

58 shakspeare's property.
ordinary place of repose, — the birthplace of his
cliildren ; and on these and many other grounds
it must have been, to Mrs. Shakspeare, of more
value than all the rest of his wealth.

SHAKSPEARE'S LAST ILLNESS
AND DEATH.

" No account, " says Malone, " has been
transmitted to us of the malady which, at
so early a period, deprived England of its
brightest ornament." The private note-book
of Dr. John Hall, containing a short account
of his patients, had been submitted to the in
spection of Malone by Dr. Wright, and " as
Dr. Hall married the Poet's daughter in 1 607,
he undoubtedly attended Shakspeare in his last
illness, being himself then forty years of age,
but, unluckily, the earliest entry in his notes
is 1617."*
* Dr. Hall's private note-book, after his death, fell into the
hands of a surgeon at Warwick, who published a translation
of it, with some additions of his own, under the title of " Select
Observations on the Bodies of eminent English Persons in
desperate diseases," the third edition of which was printed in
1683.

60 shakspeare's last illness
"The mortal complaint of Shakspeare," says
the learned and industrious Dr. Symmons, " is
likely to remain for ever unknown; and as
darkness had closed upon his path through life,
so darkness noAV gathered round his bed of
death, awfully to cover it from the eyes of suc
ceeding generations."
The Rev. Dr. James Davenport, vicar of
Stratford-upon-Avon, in a communication Avith
which he favoured me, dated November 8,
1838, expresses himself thus : —
" It is astonishing that so little has been
obtained respecting the life of so great and
eminent a poet as Shakspeare. Even the dis
order by Avhich he died is not certainly knoAvn,
but perhaps it may be ascertained by the
manuscripts of INIr. Ward, found in the Library
of the Medical Society of London."
This veil of apparently impenetrable ob
scurity is noAV removed, and Ave are at length
made acquainted Anth the disease which proved
mortal to the great Poet. As a medical prac-

AND death. 61
titioner, Mr. Ward would naturally make the
cause of Shakspeare's death the subject of his
first inquiry, when circumstances brought the
history of Shakspeare into conversation. The
exactness of that gentleman's information, and
the credit due to his testimony, are unquestion
able, hence we are enabled to supply the public
with that interesting intelligence which anti
quaries and biographers have so long sought
in vain. " Shakespear, Drayton, and Ben Jhonson
had a merry meeting, and itt seems drank too
hard, for Shakespear died of a feavour there
contracted." The date of Shakspeare's Avill is March 5,
1616, the date on his tombstone April 23,
1616 ; consequently but the brief period of
forty-nine days intervened between the execution
of this important document and the Poet's death ;
an affecting proof, that in ^dl probability, Shak
speare fulfilled this solemn duty with the melan
choly conviction that his days were thus early

62 shakspeare's last illness
numbered. It is soothing to think that his
declining health and failing spirits must have
been cheered and supported by the reflection
that his brief life had been well spent, and that
the honest fame, Avliich crowned his languishing
brow while living, would not fail to shed
untarnished laurels on his unconscious form ;
while, Avith his knowledge of humanity, he
must have anticipated that his magic works
Avould make his name and memory, the Avonder
and admiration of the latest posterity. A
metaphysician, not indeed tamed and trained
by the schools, but formed by Nature herself,
it is pleasant to trace the sound philosophy
Avhich he proved by AvithdraAving from the
troublesome admiration of the Avorld, to glide
more easily down the rapid stream of time, in a
retirement, Avhere (although doubtless he con
tinued almost at the last period of his existence
to labour earnestly for posterity) he could
enjoy the elegance and beauty of a country
life, the rare blessings of friendly intercourse

AND death. 63
Avith those he loved, and the measureless
content of domestic happiness. The wife, who
had gently ministered to and tenderly shared
in these scenes of untroubled felicity, was
advancing in the vale of years ; doubtless her
perfect independence had been amply cared for
by a man of Shakspeare's wealth, upright noble
feelings, and truly honourable mind. He knew
that the widoAved remnant of her life wovdd be
spent Avith Susanna, the vritty, the wise, the
philanthropic Mrs. Hall, Avho, it is recorded,
had in her " something of Shakspeare," and
who indeed seems to have been worthy of her
high birth. " She wept for all
That wept, but set herself to chere
Them up with comforts cordiall."
With such a prop for her failing strength,
such a companion for her bereaved heart and
lonely hours, the Bard must have felt that he
was leaving his aged partner in hands that
would minister every comfort and consolation

64 shakspeare's last illness
her sorroAvful state Avas so soon likely to need ;
but he could not quit the world without testi
fying his fond affection for the " good mistress
Anne," of his early love; and recurring Avith
deep attachment to the memory of former days,
he leaves this bequest, of wliich so much has
been mistakenly said, as the most acceptable
token of his unaltered love, which must have
been received by the widow with the same
tenderness of remembrance as it was be
queathed by the dying husband.
After this act, we surmise the Poet's strength
rallied, his friends probably heard of his illness,
and croAvded around him. Shakspeare was
likely to struggle hard Avith disease, — his mind
was far stronger than his body.
Then came Ben Jonson and Drayton his
chosen ones, — they shared his inmost heart.
In the city, on the stage, at good men's feasts,
in scenes of private anxiety, and in hours of the
gay animation of public life, their minds had
been as one. Shakspeare was sick, and they

AND DEATH. 65
came to cheer, to sooth, to sympathize with his
sufferings. Animated and excited by their long-tried
and much-loved society, as the sound of the
trumpet rouses the spirit of the dying war-horse,
their presence and voices made him forget the
weakness that even then \A'as bowing him to
the very dust. He left his chamber, and perhaps
quitted his bed to join the circle. We think
Ave hear him, with musical voice, exclaim,
" Sick now ! droop now !" We imagine Ave
behold his pale face flushed with the brilliant
animation of happiness, but not of health. We
see liis eyes flashing Avitli the rays of genius,
and sparkling with sentiments of unmingled
pleasure. He is " himself again," — the terrors
of death are passed aAvay, the festive banquet is
spread, and the Avarm grasp of friendly hands
have driven' the thick-coming fancies from his
lightened heart, he is the life of the party, the
spirit of the feast ; but the exertion was far too
great for his fragile frame, " the choice of death
F

66 shakspeare's last illness
is rare," and the destroyer quitted not his
splendid victim ; the sword Avas still hanging
by a single thread, and it pointed at the noblest
heart, save One, that ever blessed and enlight
ened the world.
That was no ordinary banquet Avhere the
" soul of the age " presided. What gentle ex
pressions, what glowing thoughts, and brave
notions must have flowed from the lips of
Shakspeare, whose ready facility of utterance,
open and free nature, sAveetness and generosity
of disposition, rendered him pre-eminently fitted
to fulfil, Avith honour, grace, and dignity, every
office and every duty that ennobles humanity,
and links man AAuth his fellows. As the
gracious Shakspeare played the host, and per
formed all the sacred rites of hospitality, it must
have been a goodly sight to mark how gradually
and gently Ben Jonson's rough, rugged temper,
and honest, noble heart Avarmed and melted into
unusual softness, and hoAV his sterner nature,
surprised into unwonted enthusiasm, prompted

AND DEATH. 67
his impetuous feelings to utter sentiments of
fervent love and eternal gratitude to Shakspeare,
his early friend, in language Avhich, but for its
holy and perfect sincerity, might have been truly
called and esteemed courtly. It Avould also
have been both amusing and edifying to have
observed hoAv, in his unqualified admiration of
the aspiring flights of Shakspeare's lofty imagi
nation, Ben Jonson forgot the after thought,
that " sufflaminandus erat."
Good it would likewise have been, could we
have looked upon the gentle Drayton, calm and
blessed in the power of appreciation, esteeming
himself happy by the presence of such friends,
and feeling ennobled as he listened to thoughts
" that breathe and AA'ords that burn," till even his
humbler spirit kindled Avithin him, and his less
vigorous mind, tuned and strung AA'ith uuAvonted
energy, gave utterance to streams of surpassing
eloquence, gloAving with splendid aspirations,
and rich in the depth of genuine feeling.
Mr. Ward states that fever prevailed much
F 2

68 shakspeare's last illness
in the town of Stratford in certain seasons. The
stream of the Avon haA-ing overflowed its banks,
on retiring, left the meadows and lowlands
immersed in stagnant Avater, Avhich, though it
doubtless increased the luxuriance of vegetation,
and helped to impart a vernal beauty to the
scene, must have generated the fatal and deadly
miasmata of intermittent and typhoid fever,
lurking like poisonous serpents hidden beneath
a bank of floAA'ers.
Under that mortal disorder, Ioav typhoid fever,
which clings to the sickening heart, and
fastens on the pallid brow for days and weeks,
and sometimes for months together, Shakspeare
Avas probably labouring at his friends' last visit,
Avhen the disease, fearfully increased by Avhat,
in the weak state of spent vitality and exhausted
powers, must have been excessive excitement
and over exertion, proved too much for his
delicate frame.
Wine aided the cruel ravages of this dreadful
fever, and, after retiring from the scene of

and DEATH. 69
brilliant animation, Shakspeare probably never
again joined society, but died, as men wish to
die, surrounded and supported by the dearest
objects of his affection. There is nothing
" awful " in the dignified solemn silence that
time has throAvn around this house of mourning ;
the grief of the widow and orphan are unutter
able ; and we must suppose the family of
Shakspeare possessed feelings too acute, and
sentiments too delicate to enter into sad and
painful details of the sick chamber and dying
pilloAV, which they had so recently tended Avith
streaming eyes and bursting hearts. Their
station in life would prevent prying curiosity from
lacerating their wounded, desolate, and agonized
spirits, revealing their hushed and stifled
sorrows, or displaying their shrinking grief, to
the vieAV and hearing of the unfeeling multitude.
The immediate cause of Shakspeare's death
brings no opprobrium on his venerated memory.
His works do folloAv him, and they all testify
that his philosophical mind must have rendered

70 shakspeare's last illness
him utterly incapable of plunging into excess of
any kind. His fair unblemished character and
prosperous circumstances loudly proclaim the
same honest evidence, and in paying tribute to
his resplendent memory, we reverence a good as
Avell as a great man.
All that is earthly of our great Poet lies
buried in the church at Stratford upon Avon.
The grave of Shakspeare is on the north side of
the chancel, and on a flat stone covering his
grave is the folloAving curious inscription, said
to have been Avritten by himself : —
GOOD FREND FOR JESVS SAKE FORBEARS,
TO DIGG THE DV,'^ .ENCLOASED HEARE.
BLESE BE Y MAN Y SPARES THES STONES,
AND CVRST BE HE Y MOVES MY BONES.*
* From the last line of this verse containing an imprecation,
and also from passages in Hamlet, it is evident that Shakspeare
held the custom of removing bones from their place of sepulture
to the charnel-house in great abhorrence. He probably had
ocular demonstration of this violation of the contents of the
tomb ; and, in viewing this melancholy spectacle of human
mortality, Shakspeare might have felt apprehensive that his
relics would probably be added to the pile of human bones.

AND DEATH. 71
The half-length bust of Shakspeare is inarched
between two Corinthian columns of black
marble, with gilded bases and capitals, Avith a
cushion before him, a pen in his right hand, and
his left resting on a scroll. Above the entabla
ture are his armorial bearings, (the tilting spear
point upwards, and the falcon supporting the
spear for the crest). The effigy Avas originally
coloured to resemble life, and its appearance
is thus described: — "The eyes were of a light
hazel and the hair and beard auburn. The dress
consisted of a scarlet doublet, over which was
a loose black gown Avithout sleeves." In the year
1748 the original colours Avere carefully restored
by a painter residing in the toAvn ; but in 1793
the bust and figures above it Avere painted
The effect of this verse has been that his bones have remained
undisturbed upwards of two hundred years.
It appears that the charnel-house belonging to Stratford
church contained an immense collection of human bones, as
Mr. Ward observes in one of his notes : " I searched thirty-
" four skulls or thereabouts, and, of them all, I found but four
" which had a suture downe the forehead to the very nose,
" another which seemed to have a squamiforme suture uppon
" the vertex, which I admir'd very much att."

r^ shakspeare s last illness
white at the request of Mr. Malone. Beneath
the effigies are the following inscriptions : —
.ludicio Pylivm, Genio Socratem, ArteMaronem,
Terra tegit, populus MoBret. Olympus habet.
Stay passenger, why goes thou by so fast.
Read if thou canst, whom envious death hath plast
Within this monvment, Shakspeare with whome
Qvick Nature dide, whose name doth deck ys tombe,
Far more than cost, sieb all ythe hath writt.
Leaves living art bvt page to serve his witt.
Obiit Anno Doi. 1616, jEtatis 53. Die 23 Ap.
BetAveen the grave of Shakspeare and the
northern wall lies Mrs. Shakspeare, with the
following inscription engraved on a brass plate
fixed on the stone : —
HEERE LYETH INTERRED THE BODYE OF
ANNE, WIFE OF MR. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE,
WHO DEPTED THIS LIFE THE 6th DAY OF
AVGVST, 1G23, BEING OF THE AGE OF 67
YEARES.
libera tu. Mater, tu lac vitamq dedisti,
Vse mihi ! pro tanto munere saxa dabo.
Quam mallem, amoveat lapidem, bonus Angel' ore'
Exeat, ut Christi corpus, imago tua?
Sed nil vota valent, venias cito ! Christe, resurget,
Clausa licet tumulo mate-, et astra petet.
On another flat stone Avith arms, on a lozenge,
Hall, impaling Shakspeare, is the folloAving

AND DEATH. 73
inscription to the eldest daughter of Shak
speare : —
HEERE LYETH YE BODY OF SUSANNA, WIFE
TO JOHN HALL, GENT., YE DAUGHTER OF
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, GENT., SHE DECEASED
YE 11th OF JULY, 1649, AGED 66.
Witty above her sexe, but that's not all.
Wise to salvation was good Mistris Hall.
Something of Shakespeare was in that, but this
Wholy of him with whom she's now in blisse.
Then passenger ! hast nere a teare
To weep with her that wept with alle ?
That wept, yet set herself to chere
Them up with comforts cordiall.
Her love chall live, her memory spread.
When thou hast nere a teare to shed.
These English verses, preserved by Dugdale,
Avere many years ago purposely obliterated to
make room for another inscription, carved on the
same stone, to the memory of Richard Watts
of Rhyou Clifford, a person not related to the
Shakspeare family.

SHAKSPEARE'S MARRIAGE
LICENCE BOND.

In a communication addressed by Mr. Wheler
to the Editor of the Gentleman's Magazine,
anno 1836, he states "that there has lately been
discovered in the consistorial court of Worces
ter, a very interesting document relating to
Shakspeare, the " God of our idolatry." He
Avas furnished Avith a copy of it, which he has
since compared Avith the original parchment.
It is Avell knoAvn, says Wheler, that the Bard
married in early life, and that in the earliest
biographical account of him, founded by Rowe
upon information obtained by Betterton upon
the spot, it is mentioned, that his Avife Avas
daughter of HathaAvay, a substantial yeoman in
the neighbourhood of Stratford. Of this mar
riage, there Avas no proof, and the place and

shakspeare's MARRIAGE LICENCE BOND. 75
period of their marriage have never been dis
covered. The Bard was at that time only 18,
and his wife, of whose parents' christian name
Ave are still ignorant, Avas then 26 years of age.
Mr. Malone observes correctly, that they were
not married at Stratford upon Avon, no entry
of their marriage appearing in the registry of
that parish. The document referred to is the
earliest notice of the Bard, except his baptismal
register, and is a bond entered into on the 28th
of November, 1582, by tAvo sureties, on his ap
plying for a licence to be married to " Anne
Hathwey, maiden." The bondsmen, Fulk
Sandells and John Richardson, were tAvo farm
ers of the toAvn, apparently friends of Shak
speare, and it may be reasonably inferred that
he accompanied them to Worcester on the oc
casion, though, being under age, he did not
join in the bond. That he Avas married soon
after is very clear, and also that the marriage
was to be celebrated Avith once asking the
banns, and not Avithout the consent of his wife's

76 shakspeare's marriage
friends. It is evident that the Hathaways held,
if not resided in, the old and frequented house
at Shottery, previous to the birth of Anne Hath-
aAvay, but they did not become its possessors
until the beginning of the 17th century.
the bond.
Novint univsi p psentes nos Fulcofie Sandells de
Stratford in Comit Warvvic agricolam et Johem Ry-
chardson ibm agricola teneri et firmiter obligari Rico
Cosin gnoso et Rofeto Warmstry notario pQo in quad-
raginta libris bone et legalis monete Anglise solvend
eisdem Rico et RotSto hered execut vel assignat suis
ad quam quidem soluconem bene et fidelf faciend ob-
ligaiia nos et utriiq nrm p se pro toto et in solid haered
executor et administrator iiros firmiter p pntes sigillis
firis sigillat. Dat 28, die Nove Anno Regni Drie iire
Eliz. Dei gratia Anglise Franc et Hifeniae Regine
Fidei Defensor &c., 25°.
The condicon of this obligacon ys suche that if here
after there shall not appere any lawfull lett or impedi
ment by reason of any p contract or affinitie, or by any
other lawfull meanes what soev, but that WilliTi Shas-
spere on thone ptie, and Anne Hathwey of Stratford,
in the Dioces of Worcester, maiden, may lawfully
solemnize iiiriony, and in the same afterwards remaine
and continew like man and wife according unto the
laws in that case provided, and morcov, if there be not

licence bond. 77
at thispsent time, any action, suit, quarrell or demand
moved or depending before any iudge ecclesiastical or
temporall for and concerning any suche lawfull lett
or impediment. And moreov, if the said Williii
Shagspere do not pceed to solemnizacon of mar-
riadg with the said Ann Hathwey without the
consent of hir frinds. And also if the said Williii
do upon his own pper costs and expences defend and
save harmles the right Revend Father in God Lord
John Bushop of Worcester and his offycers for licens
ing them, the said Willm and Anne, to be maried
together wth once asking of the bannes of iiiriony
betwene them and for alle other causes wch may
ensue by reason or occasion thereof, that then the said
obligacon to be voyd and of none effect, or else to stand
and abide in fulle force and vertue.
Signed by a cross and another mark. L. s.
L. s.

SHAKSPEARE'S FRIENDS.

In the portraits Ave possess of Drayton and on
his tomb, the laurel is ever twined around the
Poet's brow. We conceive his mind to have
been a very sensitive and highly cultivated,
rather than a strong one. His family was
ancient, and his early associations aristocratic :
from his earliest infancy he Avas the AA'^orld's and
fortune's favourite. Although the stronger-
minded Jonson received the pay and filled the
office, men ever called Drayton the poet
laureate of his time. Popularity did not spoil
him ; no mean spirit of jealousy, no vain, AA^eak
feeling of rivalry interposed to disturb the per
fect harmony that existed betAveen these friends.
Although incomparably the AA^eakest and Ioav-
liest of the party, the gentleman poet Avas
not the least beloved by his more splendidly

shakspeare's friends. 79
gifted brethren ; the kindness, gentleness, and
suavity of Drayton's manners, the softness and
ingenuousness of his heart, the earnestness and
depth of his affections, and the AA'arm, pure truth
of his feelings, probably made him the Saint
John of the party.
Ben Jonson's life av^ lengthened out twenty
years subsequent to that fatal convivial meeting
with his devoted and truly noble friend : he outlived
his'companions, — Shakspeare was not, — and the
elegant, Avarm-hearted Dray ton slumbered under
the cold stones of the ancient Abbey, insensible
to the ruthless neglect and contemptuous indig
nities that were aiding time, Avith cruel rapidity,
to devastate the venerable form of his aged
friend. Lingering too long after that memo
rable, but doubtless to him most melancholy day,
AA'hen he Avas very poor, old, and sick, and living
in an obscure alley, it Avas that the heedless,
heartless Charles ansAA'ered the petition which
pleaded for a supply to enable the ancient ser
vant to procure necessaries to support his feeble.

80

shakspeare s friends.

tottering frame, when sinking under the heavy
burthen of increasing years, by meanly and
tardily sending the old laureate ten guineas,
through the hands of one of his pamperedminions.
Roused by the paltry insult, the old Poet's soul
kindled within him, when he uttered his well-
known and truly spirited reply, " The king," said
the high-minded, noble old man, " hath sent me
ten guineas because I am poor and live in an
alley : go and tell him that his soul lives in an
alley." After suffering privations and Avrongs,
to which those unacquainted with the holloAV-
ness of courtly friendship and the fickleness of
popularity Avould have supposed their dependents
and favourites could never be subjected, the old
man died in August 1637, aged 63.

Edavard Alleyn.
EdAvard Alleyn, the Garrick of his day, also
lived on the most friendly footing Avith the
Poet. The founder of DulAA'ich College Avas

SHAKSPEARE S FRIENDS. 81
in 1592 a successful and applauded actor, per
forming the principal parts in the plays of
Shakspeare and Jonson. He appears to have
divided his time between his favourite pursuits,
and the truly ennobling pleasures Avhich the
familiar associates of Shakspeare must have
enjoyed. The friendly intercourse and bril
liant conversation which passed at their social
meetings at the little tavern called the Globe,
near Blackfriars, Avere doubtless productive of
pleasures that long outliA'ed the hours of con
vivial communion, and might right nobly sup
ply subjects for reflection in after years.
The folloAving letter shoivs something of the
suggestive nature of the usual conversations
that passed at .these meetings. G. Peele, the
Avriter, Avas fellow of Christ Church, Oxford,
and a dramatic poet ; the letter is addressed to
one of his friends named Marie.
" Friend IMarle,
" I must desyr that my syster hyr watch
and the cookerie book you promysed may be
G

82 shakspeare's friends.
sent by the manne. I never longed for thy
company more than last night, when Ned
Alleyn did not scruple to affyrme pleasauntelye
to thy Friende Will, that hee had stolen his
speech about the qualyties of an actor's ex-
cellencye in Hamlet hys Tragedye, from con
versations manyfold, whych had passed betweene
them, and opinions given by Alleyn touchinge
thys subject. Shakespeare did not take this
talke in good sorte, but Johnson put an end to
the strife Avith Avittylye remarkinge, ' This affaire
needeth no contentione, you stole it from Ned,
no doubte ; do not marvel, have you not seen
him act tymes out of number ? '
" Believe me, most syncerilie, yours,
" G. Peele."
Alleyn, being prudent and managing, AA'as en
abled to amass considerable Avealth, which he
had the good sense and noble spirit to employ
in a beneficent manner.
Aubrey, who believed all he heard, and
Avrtoe all he believed, gravely repeats a story of

shakspeare's friends. 83
Alleyn having been frightened into a vow of
religion and charity by an apparition of the
devil. Though bound in honour to grant even
the devil his due, we give no credence to the
slightest foundation for this absurd tale,^ — Satan
never did so good a deed.
Though belonging to a class Avhich an unjust
and senseless laAV vilified and outraged with
the title of vagabond, the insulted actor was
a man of refined taste, noble principles, and
genuine, unaffected piety. Gifted Avith that
unselfish munificence of disposition, AA^hich mis
taken men, misled by some fantastic delusion,
have Avitli singular falsehood called " princely,"
Alleyn expended 10,000/. on the building of
Duhvich College, Avhich he generously en
dowed in his lifetime ; and we afterwards find
he humbly submitted himself to live on the
stipend, supplied Avith the same diet, and wear
ing the same apparel, his noble charity had pro
vided for others. Amongst his papers, one
dated May 26, 1620, contains this grateful
G 2

84 shakspeare's friends.
memorial : " My Avife and I acknowledged the
fine at the Common Pleas Bar of all our lands
to the College ; blessed be God that he hath
given us life to do it." This needs no com
ment, the memory of such a man commands
our love, respect, and admiration.
Alleyn finished a career made splendid by
his hififb talents and numerous virtues, in the
November of 1626, leaving an ample provision
for his Avife.
Such Avere the associates of Shakspeare.
Locality is supposed to exercise considerable
influence on the mental and moral powers ; as
a general rule the apophthegm Avould be amply
proved if many exceptions might be allowed to
come into court as credible Avitnesses. The
damp and murky biding-place, the narroAV
street, the stifling and noisome court, the noisy
and bustling toAvn, the close and populous city,
could advance claims to genius as splendid,
mind as comprehensive as ever sprung in beauty,
perfection, and joy from the forest, the moun-

shakspeare's friends. 85
tain, or the valley. But there is one locality
that must ever be a blessing or a curse, — one
atmosphere that breathes life and health to the
soul, or Avithers its vitality by the deadly poison
of a fatal miasma. Evil-minded, frivolous,
worthless, or even unsympathizing associates
have proved infinitely more destructive to mental
and moral life than war, with its ghastly
train of famine and pestilence, has ever been to
physical existence. External circumstances,
Avhetlier arising from Avealth or poverty, mav
always be Avrestled AA'ith, triumphed over, and
trampled upon, but not so the fearful, unalterable
influence of mind upon mind. For good or
for evil, for health or contamination, every
human being Avith Avhom Ave are doomed to
hold anything approximating to familiar com
munion, possesses and exercises a chartered
commission, sanctioned by decrees that can
never change. Deeply and poAverfully must the
sensitive spirit of Shakspeare have been acted
on by this universal law ; what benignant, pro-

86 shakspeare's friends.
lound, and mighty, though unconscious sway,
must his magnificent mind have exercised over
the destiny of the society by which he loved to
be surrounded ! To his gentle but preponderating
influence, it is no mean pleasure to suppose Ave
can trace -the growth of virtues and the cultiva
tion of talents, which entitled his immediate
friends and intimate associates to form the aris
tocracy of genius and of goodness. We cannot
fail to recognize the merciful hand of Provi
dence which, by early leading the Poet to the
metropolis, at once rescued his matchless spirit
from suffering under the crushing, desecrating
power of unmentul or degrading associations,
and by thus timely placing him in a position,
Avliere he Avas blessed and a blessing, saved his
moral nature from the overwhelming miseries
Avhich companionship Avith mean mediocrity,
unsympathizing neglect, or envious baseness
ever recklessly inflicts on the noblest and the
finest minds.
Most fortunate was the cause Avhich sent

shakspeare s friends. 87
Shakspeare from the vicinity of such paltry
neighbourhood as that of Sir Thomas Lucy ;
for the unwholesome atmosphere which en
velopes the seat of the scorner is fraught with
pestilence wasteful to time and thought, — i
morbid spite and ponderous dulness are mon
strous incubi that darken the Poet's dream,
and snap the harp-strings of the minstrel.

John Combe.
The statement of the supposed lasting ani
mosity excited by Shakspeare in the mind of
John Combe, on account of the facetious
epitaph, is completely disproved by the fact that
John Combe, in his AAdll, bequeathed " to Mr.
William Shakspeare five pounds," and the
Poet's bequest of his sAvord to Mr. Thomas
Combe, nephew to John, makes it evident that
the friendship between the tAVo families con
tinued Avithout interruption to the last

DIARY OF THE
R E V. J. WAR D, A.M.,
VICAU OF STRATfOllD-UPON-AVON,
EXTENDING FROM 1648 TO 1G78.

DIARY,
&;c. Sfc.

1 have heard it reported that the Earl of
Lindsay,* the King's Generall at Edgehill,
* In the battle of Edgehill, Robert Bartu, Earl of Lindsey,
was wounded and taken prisoner, and Lord Steward, Lord
Aubigny, and Sir Edward Vernon, were slain.
From a turret of Nottingham Castle, on the 25th of
August, 1642, the unhappy Charles sealed his own certa-i
destruction by first hoisting the standard of civil war ; and
Rushworth relates what he calls a " fatal presage" attending
this unhallowed ceremony. A high wind blew down the
standard, and the weather continued so tempestuous for a
day or two, that it ivas impossible for the royalists to set it up
again during this ominous storm. With the sacred names of
freedom, liberty, the law, religion, and God on his hps, but
with vengeance, despotism, and destruction in his heart and
liauds, the miserable monarch led his misguided adlierents to
llie fight at Edgehill, where 5000 Englishmen fell, and the
green sod was saturated with the blood of our countrymen.
The king, with his two sons, was in danger of being made

92 DIARY, &C.
should say, after hee was wounded, that if it
pleased God to spare his life, he Avould never
goe into the field with boys againe.
Dr. Conyers dissected a person not long
since, that died for love in London ; and they
found (at least as they fancied) the impression
of a face made upon his heart.
Dr. Turner, being to be examined by the
Colledg for his admission thereunto, the young
Dr. that examined him askt him hoAv many
chapters there Avas in such a book of Galen ?
He made ansAver, he read Galen before he Avas
divided into chapters.
It Avas a saying of Maximinus, the Roman
General, " Ego, quo major fuero, tanto plus
laborabo." So should all gentlemen say.
St. Paul's church was built by the sinnes of
the people, Avhich Avas thus ; their ghostly
prisoner, and it might have been in their defence, that the
Earl of Lindsey (the King's General) received in his thigh
the wound of which, being taken prisoner, he died the next
day. His last words, mentioned by Mr. Ward, probably alluded
to this circumstance, and the boys were afterwards Charles
the Second and James the Second.

DIARY, &C. 93
fathers Avould lay penances upon some peni
tentiaries, as masons, carpenters, bricklayers,
plaisterers, and others, to Avork so many days
gratis in the building before they could get
absolution ; and so it came to be built.
When Sir Thomas More was prisoner in
the Tower, they took from him all his books ;
Avhereuppon hee shutt up his windoAvs, and
being askt Avhy, he ansAvered, " It Avas time to
shut up shop AA'hen all the AA^are is gone."
There was a Parliament held at Edmunds-
burie, 1196, in the reign of K. EdAvard I.,
Avherein acts Avere made, excluso clero, the
archbishops and bishops being excluded, be
cause they Avould not consent to give him a
subsidie, as the temporalitie did.
One used to call Avashing days execution
days, in regard they Avere so troublesome.
Dr. Prideaux said of the man in the Gospel,
that made excuse because hee had married a
wife, " What a fool was bee not to bring his

94 DIARY, &C.
wife Avith him, for then hee Avould have been
the more Avelcome."
One querying another, whether a thousand
angels might stand upon the point of a needle,
another replied, " That was a needles point."
Almanack makers doe bring their almanacks
to Roger le Estrange, and hee licenses them.
Sir Edward Walker told mee hee askt him,
and hee confest that most of them did foretel
the fire of London last year, but hee caused itt
to bee put out.
In the reigne of Queen Marie, one Walter
Rippon made a coach for the Earl of Rutland,
which was the first that ever Avas made in
England. A merchant of Parma went to confession to
a barefooted ffriar, of the order of St. Ffrancis ;
and had this penance injoined him, that hee
should eat 5iij (three ounces) of chaff as a
penance for bis sinne ; and his sinne AA^as, an
intention bee bad to kisse his maid.

DIARY, &C. 95
I have heard of a tradesman of London that
Avas found kicking a 100 pound bagge of
money about a roome, and calling itt by strange
names ; and being askt the reason, hee an
swered hee had sent him of an errand for half
a-year, and hee had staid 12 years; meaning
that hee had lent it but for awhile, but itt was
12 years ere he could get it in againe.
Nick Culpepper says that a physitian with
out astrologie is like a pudden Avithout fat.
One being desired to ask three things, which
hee would have graunted, hee askt, 1st, as much
ale as would serve him all his life ; then Avhat
hee would have in the second place, as much
tobacco as Avould serve his life ; then what in
the third place, he stood still aAvhile : the King
prest him to speak quickly; hee then said,
' more ale.'
Erasmus, in his Epistle to Bilibaldus, casts
this slurre upon Luther and his folloAvers :
Ubicunque regnat Lutherus, ibi literarum in-
teritus, duo tantum queerunt, censum et uxorem.

96 DIARY, &c.
Qui suadet, sua det, Avas the answer of one of
the prebends of Windsor to Spalato, the dean,
who had exhorted them to some liberall gift,
wherein they had a mind that hee should pre
cede them.
The roAvle in Avhich the Jcavs Avrite their laAV
is a piece of parchment as long as from White
hall to the Exchange, as a Jew told mee ; itt
is Avritt in great letters, and is as much as the
priest can hold in his armes. If hee should let
it fall, hee must fast three days, and believes
certainly hee shall die next year.
A tyler, felling off a house, killed a man,
but was not much hurt himself; hee Avas
arraigned for murther, and his prosecutor had
this justice afforded him, that he should tumble
off the house, and trie if he could kill the tyler
as he Avalkt by.
The Cointes of Castlemaine (one of Charles's
mistresses) is now much declining in favour.
Shee Avas lately brought to bed ; after shee
had lyen in nine days, shee folloAvod in the

rev. JOHN WARD. 97
progres, as Sir John Clopton told mee. Before
shee came home againe her child was buried
at the Savoy. They say shee now Avould be
reconciled to her husband, and hath sent for
him. There is one Mrs. Steward, Avho is a re
nowned beautie, and is noAV much in esteeme
above her, whom it is said they have a mind to
marie to the Duke of Norfolk, and send for him
home, which Henry Howard, Avho is next bro
ther, takes ill; and this year, retiring home,
hath spent, it is said, 20,000 pound in house
keeping this Christmas, Avhich is taken ill, in
regard the King himself hath given over house
keeping. They say that all this talk of the
Lady Castlemaine hath proceeded from her
OAvne follie ; shee is not Avilling her children
should bee esteemed her husband's owne. I
heard also that my Lord Chesterfield was a
person much acquainted with her formerly ;
enquire how long shee Avas married before the
King came in.
There is a report of Hyppoc rates, as if hee
H

98

DIARY OF THE

should say this in charge with physitians, that
they should cure others Avith simples and
compounds, and themseh'es Avith sack and
claret, I have heard they put on the Queen's head,
AAdien shee Avas sick, a nightcap of some sort of
a precious relick to recover her, and gave her
extreme unction ; and that my Lord Aubignie
told her she must impute her recoverie to these.
Shee answered not, but rather to the prayers of
her husband.
A fellow that lives in Kinton, in Warwick
shire, that had 27 children, most of them born
alive, yet not one of them lived above a month,
this man I spoke Avith myself at Kinton,
June 12, 1664.
A bark of a tree, which apothecaries call
nescio quid, itt was first brought over to bee
used by dyers ; but not answering expectation
in their facultie, itt was made use of to scent
tobacco : itt gives a fine fragrant scent.
" Though you are the best of men, yet you are

REV. JOHN WARD. 99
but men att the best," was a Cambridge man's
jest before the judges at Bridgnorth.
Mr. Anthony Burges, (one of the ministers
Avho submitted to the Act of Uniformity,) of
Sutton Colfield, is lately dead at TamAvorth ;
and some of the last Avords hee should speak
were these, or such as these, that of late hee
had been somewhat unwilling to die, but was
now become very willing ; and for the leaving
of his ministrie he took much comfort in itt,
since itt could not bee injoyed but uppon the
terms wherein now itt is.*
Bishop Laud, when he Avas in Oxford,
speaking of the Papists making pictures and
images of Christ, says hee, " And noAv it
* This is a very affecting tale of a minister who obeyed the
command of man rather than that of God. Mr. Burges
wanted sufficient moral courage to join those nonconformist
ministers, who, by sacrificing their livings, (apparently their
only means of subsistence,) preserved their allegiance to the
King of kings. Similar sacrifices for conscie nee' sake have been
made in recent times by those who will doubtless be acknow
ledged at the last day, as good and faithful servants, the meet
companions of the martyrs for truth, whose names ennobled
the early ages of Christianity.
H 2

100 diary of THE
may bee truly said, Is not this the carpenter's
Sonne?" There is a felloAV come out, who hath an
swered Dr. Bates. Remember to buy the
book. Hee is a Catholick, as appears by his
writings. Hee finds much fault with him for
speaking too favourably of the King's enemies,
especially of the Presbyterians. Hee abuses
Dr. Bates very much, and calls him " homo
magis sagax quam nasutus," and plaies much
uppon the losse of the Dr's nose : hee tells him
hee need not talk so much against the  of
Babylon, since hee hath had such intimate con
verse AAdth  himself as to loose his nose
amongst them.
One told the Bishop of Glocester not long
since, that hee imagined that physitians, of all
other men, Avere the most competent judges of
all others in affairs of religion ; and his reason
AA'as, because they are Avholly unconcerned in
the matter.
The Lady Conway hath something like the

REV. JOHN WARD. IQl
Irish ague ; shee is a great philosopher,
Henry Moor, of Cambridge, allmost perpetu
ally with her in her chamber. I have heard a
storie of old Lord CouAvay's rise, that he was a
souldier att first, and by degrees governor of
Brill and other places in the Low Countries ;
that hee Avas imploied in the Palatinate, and
managed things there very wisely and well;
that hee came into favour Avith the Duke, was
a very strong man, and Avas after made Secre-
tarie of State.
King James used to say merrily, he had
three things Avhich no prince ever had — a
secretarie that could not write, a bishop that
could not preach, and something else.
I have heard a story of Dr. Syngleton, in
Oxford, that Avhen several persons had wrote to
him about a place, some for one person and
e
some for another, hee took a pair of gold scales,
and Aveighed the letters which Aveighed heaviest ;
so hee had the place Avhose letters Avere
heaviest.

102 DIARY OF THE
A woman in Warwick, being in travail, and
sorely afllicted Avith paine, they could not rule
her, but sent for my Lady Puckering to trie
what shee could doe ; when shee came shee
exhorted her to patience, and told her that this
misery was brought uppon her sex by her
grandmother Eve, by eating an apple. " Was
it ?" says shee ; " I Avish the apple had choak'd
her." Whereupon my lady was constrained to
turne herself about, and goe out of the roome
and laugh.
Goer, the Germane embassador to the Turk,
coucheth the offences that lie in the Turks to
our religion in four particulars, as hee received
itt from the Grand Signior himself The first
is, that Avee eat our God in the eucharist ; the
second, that Ave make our God in the church ;
third, that wee divide our God in the Trinitie ;
the fourth, that Avee denie him in our lives.
The two first must be removed by a recantation ;
the third must be assailed by cautious, Avarie,
and deer expressions ; the last must bee re-

REV. JOHN WARD. 103
formed by doing nothing unlawfully, by wear
ing nothing indecently, by speaking nothing
improperly. Fair hair, as the poets say, is the prison of
Cupid ; that is the cause, I suppose, the ladies
make rings, and brooches, and lovelocks to send
to their lovers, and why men curl and powder
their hair, and prune their pickatevants, (mus-
tachios.) The breasts aud paps of women are styled
the teats of love ; for which cause women,
who studie temptation, doe so much discover
them. There is no pride in women, but that
which rebounds from our baseness ; for only by
our weak asking Avee teach them to denie.
Licet ipsa neget, vultus loquitur quodcunque
teget. One coming to a taverne and asking for
wine, it Avas askt him what wine hee Avould
drink ? hee answered, a pint of claret and
burnet ; the vintner, instead thereof, Avent and
really burnt itt.

104 diary of THE
I have heard this to be a certain truth, that
women that have blew lips are allways scolds.
Mr. Dod heard this att London.
I have heard England, in the reign of Queen
Elizabeth, called the kingdom of old smocks.
I have heard that the phraze Scott free came
first thus ; the Scots in King James his time,
if they committed crimes still escaped, even
Avlien Englishmen Avere hanged.
One askt Dr. Osborston how hee lived so long
in health, hee made this ansAver, Parce ccenavi,
solus cubavi, curas fugavi.
A good motto for a ring I saAV at Mr. Toon's,
Avhicli Avas given to him by a friend of his Avho
died, itt Avas this, " Prepare to folloAV mee."
Dr. Osborston used to say, that though im
pudence Avas not a vertue, yet itt would beggar
them all.
One Mr. Erly, in Warwickshire, avIio had
some skdl in astrologie, and his Avife beinir
readie to be deliA'ered of a child, hee consulted
bis books Avhen shee was in travail Avhat was

REV. JOHN AVARD. 105
the aspect of the starres, and finding itt bad,
hee bid them hold their hands, but the woman
could not, shee must be delivered, and so shee
Avas, but the fellow is not hanged afterwards.
Dr. Lovel told mee this storie.
My Lord Paget seeing a little bitt of mutton
on a great platter of fat and gravie, put off his
doublet ; itt being askt what hee intended to
doe, hee told them hee intended to swimme for
that bit of mutton.
I heard of one neer Oxford Avho borroAved
50/. of his father-in-laAV, so itt was to be con
cluded when itt Avas to bee paid, and they being
a little knavish concluded the 30th of next
February, hee being an ignorant fellow as
sented, the lawyer drew the Avritings accord
ingly, but the fellow cannot get his money to
this day, hee lives at JMarston, neer Oxford.
Epigrammatista ita mulieres perstringit.
Est mulier mera bills, habet duo commoda tantum.
Cum jacet in thalamo, cum jacet in tumulo.
1 have heard of a Ffrenchmap who lived in

106 DIARY OF THE
London about thirty years ago who lived very
gallantly, and nobody knew how hee could get
itt, one day he invited a companie of his friends
to a great ffeast, Avhich being done, he showed
an experiment ; says hee to his man, " Fetch
mee a chrystall," imagined worth sixpence, hee
put it in a crucible, added fire to itt, and when
itt was very hot, put it into a liquor, and polisht it,
then bid his man take it to the jewellers and sell
itt, and hee did for thirty pounds, and then hee
paid for the dinner, and told them hoAv hee lived.
I have heard of a gentlcAVoman in Oxford,
Avho hearing that one Avas accounted a beautie
Avho had a heavie, sleepie look Avith her, Avhen
shee went to the play, sate uppe the night be
fore, that shee might look sleepily too.
One said merrily, hee Avisht hee had a sine
cure, for his parts lay much that Avay ; itt Avas
one Washburne of Oriel.
Apothecaries in the smallpox, and such like
diseases which are infectious, charge for attend
ance.

REV. JOHN WARD. 107
I have heard of a parsonage in Kent that is
called Tilburie Killparson; few parsons live
above two or three years in the place.
I have heard of parson Philpot, that hee
would have a consort of hogges, and whenne
hee would have them sing hee kept them hun
gry, and set their trebles and bases in their
several ranks and orders.
Dr. Medford gave Mr. Beriston this comfort
concerning his wife ; " Shee will dye, but may
bee wee may keep her alive for a~Aveek, and that
is much, for some creatures live but a-day."
I have heard of a parson who ust to say this
of his parishioners, that they Avere troubled with
a Sunday ague, for hee could never get his pa
rishioners to church on that day, though all the
rest of the Aveek they Avere veiy Avell.
Dr. Chamberlayne, the man-midAvife, lives in
the Abbey Churchyard, his fee is five pound,
yett I heard, if he come to poor people, hee will
take lesse.
When Bishop Monk died, hee Avas buried at

108

DIARY OF THE

Westminster Avith singing the service, and a
Scotchman standing by said, that " These men
live merrily and dye merrily."
An apothecarie told mee that Jhonston, the
herbalist, Avas a very studious man ; hee was
knighted by the king, and slaine at Basing-
house, in the time of the warres.
An apothecarie told me, that Dr. Wright, in
London, had once, as hee saAv, sixty plates of
silver brought him for a fee, which could not
bee worth less than a hundred and fifty Ii.
Notwithstanding the papists pretend such
AA'onderful things of Thomas a-Becket, yet, in
the forty-seventh year after his death, a ques
tion Avas moved in the schools att Paris,
Avhether hee Avas saved or damned.
The Lord Strange, or Earl of Derby, came
to his honour and estate thus : there Avas an
eagle built her nest near Lathom Hall, noAV
this man had no children, and hee and his AA'ife
A\'alking out one day saAV a red cloth in the
eagle's nest, Avhereuppon they sent upp to see

REV. JOHN WARD. 109
Avhat itt Avas, and there Avas a child, which hee
took and made his heir, and for the unexpect-
ednes of the thing named him Lord Strange,
and att this day in his armes hee bears the
eagle and child; some thought it might bee
his own, and conveyed thither: this story I
heard. Saturday, March 1, 1661. Mr. Burnet and
I was with Dr. Fry, att his house, near the
Tower, where wee saw him sitt very reve
rently, with his hat with silver lace about itt,
and his studying gowne on ; hee askt the good
people many questions ; there Avere at least
twelve or fourteen Avith him AA'hile we Avere
there. I have heard of a fellow, that Avhen the par
son cried outt, "The Lord bee Avith you," an-
SAvered very mannerly, " And Avith your wor
ship's spirit." Sack, tobacco, and a wench O,
Bring a man to the King's Bench O,
'When a man hath lost and spent all,
Hee must goe to Sir John Lenthall.

no DIARY OF THE
Dr. Dolbie does most blustringly assert that
the world is made for the bold ; he might have
properly said, for the impudent, that is, such as
himself. One Maxey of Christchurch one day studying
in the librarie Avas reading Swarez, and Avhen
he had read a good Avhile, was heard to say by
one that sate in the next seat, " Well, Swarez,
I have read three leaves, but do not understand
three lines, wherefore if 1 ever read word in
thee againe, I Avill give thee three of my
teeth." Judas repented and hanged himself, said a
certain frolick parson to his parishioners, but
you Avill be banged ere you Avill repent.
Six things required to a proverb ; 1 . short,
2. plaine, 3. common, 4. figurative, 5. auncient,
6. true.A physician told a father that his sonne Avas
a dead man : the father replied, I bad rather a
physician called him so a hundred times, than a
judge on the bench once.

REV. JOHN WARD. 1 1 1
Some men when they have ground the faces
of the poor, give the toll to build almshouses,
though too little to hold half the beggars which
they have made.
One asking what made a good musician, says
one, a good voice ; says another, good skill ;
says a third, good encouragement.
Hospitals too often have the rickets, the head
grows bigge whilst the bodie decays.
The schoolmen reduce all corporal charitie
to these seven heads ; visito, poto, cibo, redimo,
lego, colligo, condo.
Some say Avhen man lost free-will woman
found itt, and hath kept itt ever since.
There are four sorts of saints ; first, of
fiction, as St. Christopher ; second, of faction,
as of our late times ; third, of superstition ;
fourth, saints indeed, as St. Paul's Aviddows
indeed. Bishop Hall said the Bishop of Exeter Avas a
Baron, but a bare one.
Kins James said hee Avas a valiant man that
durst first eat oysters.

112 DIARY OF THE
Sprats are proverbially called Weaver's beef
of Colchester.
Two pittiful reasons given by the Muscovite
Avhy hee undertook Avarre with Poland ; one
Avas, because a certaine Polander Avriting of the
warres, wherein the Polander had the best, said
only they had beaten the Muscovite, Avitbout
adding his title ; secondly, because in quoting
something touching the genealogie of the Mus
covite's auncestors, hee named one as the father,
which Avas indeed the sonne, hee demanding
the offender's head, and itt being denied, hee
levied Avarre immediately.
At Stockbridge, in Hamtshire, there was
one Avho invented a ploAV to bee draAvn by
doggs, Avhich Avould plow an acre in a day by
the help of one man, and the contrivances
about itt.
Leland is the industrious bee, AA'orkine- all ;
Bate is the angry Avasp, stinging all ; Pits is
the idle drone, stealing all.
One said wittily of avooII, itt must needs bee
Avarme, consisting all of double letters.

REV. JOHN WARD. 113
About the giving of abbey lands to the king,
there Avas a diflerence in King Henry the
Eighth's time, some Avere for giving the king
all the abbies which his ancestors founded, and
the others to bee kept for the use intended.
Others were for giving the king all, only Lati
mer did earnestly urge that tAvo abbeys, att
least, in every diocese, of considerable revenue,
might be preserved for the maintenance of
learned men therein.
Our English proverb Avhich expresses wo
men's lying-dn, by being in the straw, argues
that feather beds are not auncient.
A golden helmet dug up at Hartaxton, in
Lancashire, about seven score years ago, con
ceived to be some eminent Roman's.
This Avas the epitaph of Katharine, third
daughter to King Henry the Third and Queen
Eleanor : —
'Wak'd from the womb, shee on the world did peep,
Dislikt itt, closed her eyes, fell fast asleep.

114

DIARY OF THE

King Henry's Avives comprised in this
tetrastic : —
Three Kates, two Nans, and one dear Jane I wedded,
One Spanish, one Dutch, and four Enghsh wives,
From two I was divorced, two I beheaded.
One died in childbed, and one me survives.
Sir Thomas More's "Utopia" Avas by some
believed to be real, whereuppon Budseus and
Johannes Paludanus, out of fervent zeal, Avished
some learned divines might be sent thither to
preach the gospel.
About the year 1260, the impudent ffriars
beganne to obtrude on the world a fifth forged
gospel, consisting of superstitious ceremonies,
and styled Evangelium eeternum, which did
much mischief in the church amongst credu
lous men. A DISTICH ON TWO BOYS.
Hie erat ingenuus, non ingeniosus, at ille
Ingeniosus erat non ingenuus.
Humphery Ffen, a nonconformist minister,
living neer Coventrie, made such a protesta-

REV. JOHN WARD. 115
tion against the hierarchic, that when his will
was brought to bee proved, the preface would
not bee suffered to bee put amongst the records
of the court.
James Sands, of Horburie, in Staffordshire,
outlived five leases, of twenty-one years a-piece,
after he was married ; he died aged 140, his
wife, 120.
Bonner, the persecutor in Queen Marie's
days, was a bastard ; one Savage, a priest, in
Cheshire, was his father, and had a daintie
dame to his concubine.
Hee that Avould bee happy for a-day, let him
goe to a barber ; for a Aveek, marrie a Avife ; for a
month, buy^him a ncAv house ; for all his life
time, bee an honest man.
In auncient historic, if Avee Avill have any
thing of^truth, Avee must have something of
falsehood ; itt is as impossible to find antiquitie
without fables, as an old face Avithout wrinkles.
There is a water in Cornwall dedicated to
St. Keyne, the vertue Avhereof is this, that
I 2

116 DIARY OF THE
whether husband or wife come first to drink
they get the masterie.
As in a cliimney, the brazen andirons stand
for state while the dogs doe the service ; so in
embassies, formerly it was usual to have a
civilian employed AAdth a lord in embassies, the
one for state, the other for transactions.
Adrian the Emperor asking Epictetus what
love was, was thus answered : in puero, pudor ;
in virgine, rubor ; in feemina, furor ; in juvene,
ardor ; in sene, risus.
Lunae cremento, tua carpere poma memento,
Haec cum decrescit, quod carpseris omne putrescit.
I haA'e heard this guesst att, as the ground of
founding the Royal Societie ; the king Avell
kncAV that Harrington, Avbo Avrote " Oceana,"
and such strange felloAVS as hee, had their dis
courses and meetings, and there tatled about a
ComouAvealtb ; whereuppon he instituted an
other, Avhereof his royal self vouchsafed to bee
one in opposition to itt, not thinking fitt to
putt doAvn the other by open contradiction.

REV. JOHN WARD. 117
The Saxons had their blood-letters, but
under the Normans physick begudne in Eng
land ; 300 years agoe itt was not a distinct pro
fession by itself, but practisd by men in orders,
witness Nicholas de Ternham, the chief Eng
lish physitian and Bishop of Durham; Hugh
of Evesham, a physician and cardinal; Gry-
sant, physician and pope ; John Chambers,
Dr. of physick, was the first Bishop of Peter
borough ; Paul Bush, a bachelor of divinitie
in Oxford, was a man well read in physick as
Avell as divinitie, hee Avas the first Bishop of
Bristoll. A Parliament is a perfect syllogism, the
Lords and Commons are the two prp'positions,
and the King is the conclusion.
Lawyer's gowns hurt the commonwealth as
much as soldier's helmets.
Speaking of a great linguist, one says hee
might bee interpreter to the Queen of Sheba.
A scholar borrowing a horse, Avhen hee was

118 DIARY OF THE
brought home, the man complaining that hee
had used him ill, hee begunne to apologize, and
tell him hee had given him a peck at such a
place, and a peck againe at such a place, and
so on, the man replied, if hee had given him a
few more pecks hee had peck'd his  out.
One, I think a clergyman, having gained a
living, builtv a house Nippon itt, and put this
inscription over the door, " Sorte sua conten-
tus ;" afterwards being- by better preferment
drawne from thence, one told him hee hoped
hee Avould not remove, for hee had proclaimed
his content in his condition to the world, and so
repeated his motto ; " O," says he, " I Avas
content after a sort."
Tliere was a Avittie wench that Avished her
lover all good qualities except a good under
standing, because that she feared Avould make
him out of love with her.
Dr. Dolphine telling his patients they must
abstaine from Avindie meats, they asked him

REV. JOHN WARD. Hg
what windie meats are ; hee tells them, bel
lows, and bagpipes, and trumpets, and such
things. Ubi tres medici, ibi duo Athei, hath been an
old though a false calumnie.
The Ffrench have a proverb, that the Avords
ending in ique doe mock the physitian ; as pa-
ralytique, hectique, apoplectick, lethargick.
I have heard that King James, towards his
latter end, was one day lying on a couch, and
his servants thought him to bee asleep, but hee
starts up and tels them that hee was not, but .
was thinking that hee Avas an old man and must
shortly die, and must leave behind him three
fools, the King of Spaine, the King of Ffrance,
and his owne sonne. This Mr. Brace told me.
Ffeak once in London prayed that God
would beat Antichrist out of round caps and
square caps.
In Scotland, especially in Edenborough, when
they throw out a chamberpot, they crie, Carde-
leu, to signifie to those that goe under to take

120 DIARY OF THE
heed, knowing what is coming ; sometimes in a
night, in the narroAv street in Edenborough,
you shall hear twenty cardeleus altogether, so
that by endeavouring to avoid one you fall
under the persecution of another. — Mr. An
drews. King Charles is an active young gentleman,
as Mr. Stretton relates ; hee saw him leap with
much activitie, hee by much oiitleapd the Duke
of Buckingham and severail others, as allso in
shooting hee is very dexterous.
One Mr. Cutler, of our house, when hee was
allmost drunk, used to say, " Now, gentlemen,
Avee beginne to conje to ourselves."
There was a fellow, a clergyman, about King
James, an insufferable beggar of preferments,
and some taking notice of itt, and intending to
putt a trick uppon him, told him there Avas a
very great place fallen void, and itt Avas very
like hee might have itt ; hee askt them what itt
Avas, they told him the Deanery of Dunstable,
hee applied himself to his Majestic, . and the

REV. JOHN WARD. 121
king told him hee knew no such deanery in his
dominions : hee was ashamed, understanding itt
was a trick putt uppon him, and refrained the
court long after.
Mr. Dod told mee this storie : the buisnes of
tithes in the Protector's time being once hotly
agitated in the council, Mr. Rouse stood upp
and bespake them thus : " Gentlemen," says
Tie, " I'U tell you a storie ; being travelling in
Germany, my boot in a place being tome, I
staid to have itt mended, and then came to mee
a very ingenious man and mended itt ; I stay
ing the Lord's day in that place, saw one who
came upp to preach Avho Avas very like the man
that mended my boot ; I inquired and found itt
Avas hee, itt grievd mee much ; they told mee
they had tithes formerly, but now being taken
aAvay^ the minister Avas laine ty take any im-
ploiment on him to get a hving"" I heard
this storie turnd the Protector, and hee pre
sently cried out, " Well, they shall never mend
shoes Avhile I live."

122 DIARY OF THE
In Paris there are hospitals for all sorts of
people ; there is for orphans, for bastards, for
persons that are blind, and any man, poor or
rich, may have a place in itt if itt bee not full ;
those that have the  , when they are cured
and sent away, have a certain number of blows
on the back.
I have heard of a felloAV in Oxford, one
Ffrank Hil by name, who kept the Antelope,
that if one yawned hee could not chuse but
yawne ; that uppon a time, some schollars hav
ing stolen his ducks, hee had them to the vice-
chancellor, and one of the schollars got behind
the vice-chancelor, and Avhen the feUoAv be
gunne to speak, hee would presently fall a
yawning, insomuch that the vice-chancelor
turnd the fellow aAvay in great indignation.
I have heard that Scott of Marlow should
say, that next to the sending of Jesus X., the
cutting off the king's head Avas the greatest
mercie to us.
I have heard there Avas one Hotham, an

REV. JOHN WARD. 123
English knight, that had a mind to a gentle
woman whom hee had heard to bee of a high
spirit, yet hee had a desire to marrie her, and
did ; — when they were married hee made her
this proposal, whether shee would rule the
house the first year, then leave itt to him ever
after, or the contrarie ; shee chose the former,
hee kept exactly to his proftiise during the
time, so that the coach was not made readie, or
anything done Avithout her appointment ; her
year being ended, hee assumed the government,
and shee, according to her usual manner,
thought againe to take itt, but he^ refiised itt ;
hee, seeing her not willing to bee ruled, sends
for a toothdrawer, and pulls out one tooth, and
then asks her whether shee would bee ruled ;
after that hee pulls out a second, shee again
denied, and so till the fourth came, then shee
yielded, and Avas obedient ever after.
I have heard a prettie storie of a certain wo
man, Avho having had a hard labour, Avould haVe

124 DIARY OF THE
her Sonne which shee brought forth called
Ichabod. The woman that carried the child,
having drank plentifully, fell asleep all sermon
time, and after sermon time the minister came
to baptize the child, the woman went off very
briskly to the ffont, the parson, when she came,
askd her the name of the child, shee rubbd her
forehead and could not tell ; att last shee cries
out shee could, hee bid her name itt, shee calld
it, Incombob ; the parson wonderd att itt, but
under that name hee baptizd itt, and afterwards
the Avoman remembered itt, and went back with
the parson, who baptized itt Ichabod.
There was a Dutchman Avho came to Ox
ford, and they did so liquor his hide, that going
thence hee lost his Avay, and Avas faine to lay all
night in Bagley Wood ; so Avhen hee came
home, hee told his friends that there Avas
"modus bibendi apud Anglos, quem vocant,
once againe, qui fecit me pernoctare in Bagley~
Wood."

REV. JOHN WARD. 125
King Charles the First was in Scotland
Avhen the first news of the Irish massacre* was
represented to him ; itt was told him that itt
was horrible, and that they spared neither man,
woman, nor child ; the king was then playing
a game, when itt was told him by an English
man, " I," says hee, "that is news indeed," and
so went on in his game, whence the Scots con
cluded hee knew itt; itts strongly reported
* " In March or April, I64I," says Rapin, " the Irish
formed the project of casting off the English yoke, of seizing
upon all fortified places, and cutting the throats of the
English throughout the whole kingdom. This design was
really executed, and forty thousand English Protestants were
massacred by the Irish." Rushworth states that more than
one hundred and fifty-four thousand were cruelly murdered
from the 23d of October, 1641, to the 1st of March following,
according to the computation of the priests themselves. The
report of the perpetration of these atrocities, under the
authority of the king's commission, stamped with the broad
seal, is disbelieved both by Rapin and Rushworth : though
attributed to the Catholics, they were strictly in accordance
with many other acts of Charles's paternal government.
Mr. 'Ward appears to have given credence to what was evi
dently the current report, in confirmation of which he relates
this anecdote.

12G DIARY OF THE
they had the broad seal for itt, some think by
the queen's secret procurement, but itts hard to
accuse majestic.
One Rainsford, a courtier, petitioned Queen
Elizabeth, that Matthew, Mark, Luke, and
John might be released out of prison, meaning
translated into English, for the Scripture had
been kept in an unknown tongue.
Sir Thomas More used to say, hee would not
pinne his faith on another man's sleeve, not
knowing Avhither hee Avould carrie itt, which
Avas a wise saying.
Bishops have always governd their clergie
by canon laAV, not by canon shott.
A smyth att iNIadrid, in Spaine, placed his
Sonne amongst the Jesuits, giving them 3,000
ducats for entertainment. The man, being ad
mitted, Avas awhile after stripped of his habit,
and returned home ; but the monie Avas refused
to bee repayed. The smyth sues them att the
laAV ; but they by favour obtaine sentence
against him. The poor man betook himself to

REV. JOHN WARD. 127
his shifts. Avhen, uppon clothing his sonne in
the habit of the societie, hee made him work
daily att the forge. The quick-scented fathers
having notice of itt, least their cheat should bee
publickly knowne, immediately sent for the
smyth, paid him his mony, and so redeemed
their habit from a mock shew.
When Paul the Fifth had interdicted Venice,
the magistrates publisht an edict, that such as
refust to say masse, or say their dutie, should
bee hanged. A magistrate askt a neighbour
curate whether hee would say masse? Hee
making some pause, the magistrate told him
hee must bee hanged if hee refused. The
curate replied, hee Avould rather bee excommu
nicated thirty, years than hanged a quarter of
an hour ; and that princes att last made an end
of (juarrels, and then their subjects partook of the
benefit of them ; but hee never heard that a man
that Avas hanged had the benefit of any articles,
and, therefore, for his part, hee would say masse.
Rowland Lacy, Avhen hee heard his father

128

DIARY OF THE

was tapt, says hee, " Is my father tapt ? Then
hee will not last long, for nothing in our house
lasts long after itt is tapt."
A good match might bee made betwixt a
blind Avoman and a deaf man.
Mr. Baxter says most parish ministers de
serted the people in the plague ; but the Non
conformists stuck to them, and, therefore, Avill
not bee easily forsaken by them.
At the Savoy the Nonconformists gave in
eight particulars, which were sinful in con-
formitie, and reserved libertie to adde the rest ;
and one Avas, that it Avas sinful to reject any
from the communion that Avould not kneel.
This they desired to begin Avith, and had pre
pared arguments. Three Presbyterians Avere
offered bishopricks Avhen the King came in.
Reynolds accepted, Baxter refused a day or
tAVO, Calamy paused longer to see whether the
declaration Avould passe into an act, but att last
refused. Dr. Bates and Dr. Manton Avere
offered deaneries.

REV. JOHN WARD. 129
There was a prophecie of an old bard to
this effect — The churchman was, the laAvyer is,
and the souldier shall bee,
Mos est praelatis, praebendas non dare gratis,
Sed bene nuramatis, vel eorum sanguine natis.
I have heard a merrie storie of a certain
scholar, that professed himself best able to
studie when his wife's petticoat lay uppon the
bed. Dr. Badon the author of this storie, or
att least the relator.
I have heard that Mr. Harrington, an apo
thecarie at Stratford, when hee had no mind to
hear his wife talk, us'd to desire her to goe and
beat some sassafras.
Plutarch mentions a number of suitors to one
maid ; but they fell into such contention among
themselves, that they did tear her in pieces.
Too many disputations doe rend the truth, and
" nimium altercando amittitur Veritas.''
I have heard that De Witt is as great a
statesman as anie in Europe, and that his places
in the State are Avorth 50,000 pounds a-year
K

130 DIARY OF THE
that Sir George Downing should give this cha
racter of him.
When the Avarre was att the highest, the
monthly tax came but to 5,400 Ii. a-month ;
yet there then AA^as up the Earl of Essex his
armie. Sir William Waller's, my Lord Den
bigh's, Major-General Poyntz', Major-General
Massey's, Major-General Langbourn's, Sir
William Bruerton's, Sir Thomas Midleton's.
Brigadier Captaine John CroAvther, Dr. CroAV-
ther's brother, was vice-admiral of the Irish seas.
King Edward the First forbad sea-coal to
bee burnt in London, in regard of the great
smoke which itt made.
The Lady Clopton says, that when persons
enter into a nunnerie, they have two yeers' time
to make trial : the first yeer they may Avear
their owne habit, the second yeer they are
habited, and yet may leave att the end of the
second yeer.
My Lord of Oxon hath an estate of 4,000
pound a yeer, which hee had by marriage Avith

REV. JOHN WARD. 131
one of the Bannings : hee hath not above
800 pound a-yeer belonging to the earldome.
Hee loosed his estate yeerly by horse racing, as
I have heard. Hee hath a son by Roxalana,
called Aubrey Vere.
Hooker, the New England man, once said to
Mr. Simon Ash, who was to preach before him,
" Sym," says he, " let itt bee hot.' Hee meant
zealous. St. SAvithine, bishop of Winchester, wrought
many miracles ; and one was, that hee made
whole a basket of eggs that were all broken,
and some other things accounted as miracles in
those days.
I heard Sir Edward Walker say that there
is no nobleman in Ffrance that believes in God
but for fashion's sake. Hee says they are very
atheisticall. My Lord Cherburie's eldest sonne died with
drinking at LudloAV, and Avas found dead in his
vomit and blood : they us'd means to trie if
there was any life in him, as putting up sneez-
k2

1 32 DIARY OF THE
ing powder into his nosthrills, and cupping and
scarifying him to make him feel, but all to no
purpose ; he was perfectly dead.
In the reigne of Queen Marie, one Walter
Rippon made a coach for the Earl of Rutland,
which was the first that was ever made in
England. A juage^that used to lay his hand uppon his
ear when hee heard a cause, and being askt the
reason of itt, said, that hee reserved the other
for the opposite party.
150,000 houses in London before the fire.
About 15,000 or 16,000 dy yeerly in London
when no plague, Avhich is thrice more than in
Amsterdam. The excise in London comes to
about 12,000 pound a-yeer, about a fourth part
of the excise of England. London stands on
460 acres of ground. Lost in books 150,000 Ii.
att the fire of London. London bridg is 800
foot long, 60 foot high, and 30 broad ; itt hath
a draAvbridg in the middle, and 20 foot betAveen
each arch.

REV. JOHN WARD. 133
The Egyptians kept their wives at home by
allowing them no shooes.
My Lady Castlemaine had a roome Avhich
was floor'd with inlaid wood of diverse colours,
such as cabinets and dressing-boxes are made
of. She is now made Dutches of Cleveland,
Countes of Southampton, and Barones of Non
such. One said of laAvyers, that the reason why so
fcAV of them come to church to hear the assize
sermon is, because they are taking instructions
in their chambers.
Northamptonshire Avants three fs ; that is,
fish, fowl, and fuel.
A certaine young man had compacted with
the divell for the graunt of his Avish, being kept
loAV by his father. The obligation Avas made,
and Avritten Avith his own blood, and given to
the divel. After, being suspected, hee was
brought to Martin Luther. The young man
at first denied itt ; yet being Avrought upon by
Luther, confesst itt ; Avhereupon Luther, un-

1.34 DIARY OF THE
derstanding the matter, and pitying the poor
young man, willed the congregation to pray,
and hee himself ceas'd not AAdth his prayers to
labour, so that the divell att last was compell'd
to fling the obligation in att the window, and
bid him take itt again to him.
I j King Henry the 8th's time, when the
divorce was in agitation, hee sent Dr. Cranmer
and the Earl of Wiltshire, with diyerse others,
to Rome. When they came there, the Pope
proferd them his toe to kisse, the Earl of
Wiltshire having there a great spaniel, Avhich
stood betwixt him and the Bishop of Rome.
The Bishop advanct forth his toe to bee kist ;
the spaniel perceiving the Bishop's foot of
another nature than it ought to bee, or Avhether
itt Avas the Avill of God to take doAvn by a dog
the ordinarie pride of the Bishop of Rome, the
spaniel Avent directly to the Pope's foot, and
not only unmannerly kissd the same w\\h his
mouth, but, as some affirm, took fast hold AAdth
his mouth of the Pope's toe.

REV. JOHN WARD. 135
After Van Trump had beat the Spaniard on
our coast last, the King sent some of his nobles
to compliment him, and their ladies would goe
Avith them, whom Van Trump feasted on ship
board with herring only and good sack, and itt
was well taken. Herring is a treacherous
meat; the ladies love itt well, but not the
smell of itt.
Mr. Boyl wrote a book concerning English
mineralls, and set up an elaboratory to try
them. Mr. Boyl never drinks any strong
drink : hee every morning eats bi'ead and
butter, with powder of eyebright spread on the
butter. His supper is Avater-gruel and a couple
of eggs ; his dinner is mutton, or veal, or a
pullet, or walking henne, (as hee calls them,)
which goe to the barne door Avhen they will.
He is but 36 yeers of age ; hee travelled six
yeers Avith his brother, my Lord Ossory ; their
abode principally was at Geneva, whence they
sallied out into Italy. Hee reads a chapter in
Greek and one in Hebrew every morning.

136

DIARY OF THE

' Sternhold Avas of the bedchamber to King
Henry the 8th. I have heard that Hopkins
was a fidler at Witny. Cleveland made an
epitaph uppon John Hopkins ; itt Avas thus : —
Here lies John Hopkins, here I say,
Lo, here hee lyes, for ever and for aye.
Old Bryan, of Woodstock, a taylor by pro
fession, and a fidler by present practice, of age
90, yet very lively, and will travail well.
George Green, of Woodstock, 90 yeers of age,
that will mowe and doe a good day's work still.
Cripps, of Woodstock, 90 yeers of age, that
works all the yeer as other men doe, hath as
much wages ; hee is Avondrous vivacious, and
the tAVO last very hard laborers all their time.
Thomas Cock, alias Hawkins, 1 12 years of
age Avhen hee died. Woodstock men fre
quently long lived.
Goody Jones, of Woodstock, and old Bryan,
two such old people as itt is thought England
does not afford, nor tAvo such travailors of their
age.

REV. JOHN WARD. 137
Whether there are not more men than women
that are naturals, notwithstanding women are
the weaker sex.
Dr. Harvey lived till he doated, as I have
heard say, and would talk but very weakly.
A certaine woman that eat much before her
husband, and hee complained of her to her
mother, shee told him itt was her fault, for shee
had not wormd her; wherefore shee advisd
him to let her have her home to worme. her ;
and shee advisd her to eat little before her hus
band, but to pay itt in private : and so shee
did, which very much pleasd him, insomuch
that hee forgave tenne pound of her portion
which was left behind, for worming her.
Sir Edward Walker went to the King im
mediately after King Charles the First had his
head cut off ; hee carried but forty pound along
with him, and one twenty pound, Avhich hee
received from England in all the tv^elve years.
Hee sales the Duke of Ormond aud my Lord
Chancellor kept but two men apeece when they

138 DIARY OF THE
were beyond sea with the King. He told mee
hee carried the gaiter to the Marquis of Bran
denburg, and had 125 pound for itt ; that bee
had a stately palace at Berline ; that hee is not
such a drinker as people say. Sir Edward
said hee dined with him, and protested that hee
had risen from the table thirstie.
Some have made a bad wife the subject of
their commendation, because they say shee
brings a man to repentance.
One sales that Cromwell said once to Lam
bert, " Were I as young as you, I should not
doubt, ere I died, to knock att the gates of
Rome." Some say that Oliver had a designe
Avhen hee had gott some more townes in Fflan-
ders beside Dunkirke; to have, with a small
squadron of shipps, made the Dutch pay toll in
the channel.
Avon a British word, aufona Avith them signi
fying as much as fluvius with us. Gild in
Saxon signifies mony, because that such as
were either for charitie, religion, or trade asso-

REV. JOHN WARD. 139
ciated, did cast their monys, goods, yea, and
sometimes lands together for the publique sup
port, or their owne common charge. In the
first of Henry the 5th, the King forbad the
erecting any more gilds.
Many persons of old did conveigh land to
religious houses, " cum corporibus suis," which
signifies that the religious house should find
them conveniences whilst they lived, and sepul
chre them when they were dead.
Richard Beauchamp,* Earl of Warwick,
was a roaring housekeeper, six oxen being
usually eaten att a breakfast att his house in
London, and every taverne full of his meate :
* Richard de Beauchamp lived in the reign of King Henry
the Sixth, and was Regent of France. He died at Rouen in
that kingdom in 1440, possessed of an immense estate, the
yearly value of which, as appears from the account of his
bailiff, in the twelfth year of Henry the Sixth, amounted to
eight thousand three hundred and six marks eleven shilUngs
and eleven pence hal^enny, at a time when barley was four
and two pence a-qiiarter, capons three pence a-piece, and
hens three halfpence. He was buried at Warwick. — Dugdale
and Stow.

140 DIARY OF THE
and any who had acquaintance with the familie,
might have as much sodden and roost as hee
could carrie on a dagger.
Itt was a usage in auncient time, where they
could hitt of anything that sounded neer or like
their names, to bear itt in their armes, as Clop
ton hath a tunne.
Whilst St. Peter preacht at Antioch, the
Gentiles, by way of contumelie towards the
name of Christians, shavd the very topp of his
head, which afterAvards was held a great honour
to the religious.
Memento. My brother had of miee 25 writ
ings ; hee said they appertained to that estate
Avhich I sold him : hee had them from my house
in March 8, 1674.
March 8, presently after my brother Avas
gone, there came on~e, who pretended his name
was Ward ; his father a merchant in Crouched
Ffriars, in London ; and hee lived himself in
Paternoster Row. Hee pretended his father bid
him call uppon mee to bee acquainted AA'ith

REV. JOHN WARD. 141
mee, if hee came this way : hee sent for mee to
the George. I lookt uppon him as a cheat,
and only drank a flaggon of ale with him, and
so left him, as the people saAv very well.
Severail levellers setled into Quakers. The
late unhappie times had piled up such materials,
as itt Avas easie for the Quakers to arise as the
scumme of all. A Quaker debtor replied to
his creditor, " Tis reveald to mee that I owe
thee nothing."
Lambert, a Papist this thirtie yeer, and John
Milton* a frequenter of a clubb of Papists.
* A learned and very able critic has advised the suppres
sion of this notice respecting the habits of the sublime
author of Paradise Lost, as he is of opinion its insertion
would tend to invalidate Mr. 'Ward's statements. 'With great
deference, I feel bound to state my opinion that this judg
ment is rather hypercritical than just. Milton, the powerful,
the grand, the noble republican, was a man of principle, and
not a man of party. Milton, the honest, conscientious, de
voted dissenter, was the son of religion, and not the child of
bigotry. He walked in the broad path of self-evident truth.
It was with wrong principles and false axioms he waged in
cessant war : with no spirit of animosity against individuals,
with no personal hatred towards man, or men collectively,
he threw down his echoing gauntlet, and stood foremost in

142 DIARY OF THE
On the King's being at Oxford, severail
came downe to the court, amongst which was
the field of time, a mighty champion, armed with the breast
plate of righteousness, earnest to defend the truth. Milton
was not a man to shun the association of his fellow beings, he
was no gloomy enthusiast ; — no morbid dread of contagion
closed his heart against the entrance o^ human affections, and
the blessings of friendly intercourse. The Presbyterian re
publican, who had married the daughter of a royalist, was not
likely to shun the society of a club of probably learned, and
certainly persecuted men, on account of difference in their
religious opinions. It is grievous to be obliged to find that
any more melancholy reason should offer itself to increase the
validity of this ajiecdote, — domestic unhappiness had chiUed
the hearth and blighted the home of Milton. In France, Italy,
and England, his abilities and acquirements had procured
him the respect of the learned and the great ; his vigorous
intellect was strengthened by travelling and observation,
which, even to minds of ordinary power, teaches lessons of
liberality and wisdom. The reaction that inevitably follows
a great national struggle, and mysteriously throws back every
progressive movement, was now in active operation. The
Church of England, which under Cromwell had been used
with little ceremony or consideration, pursued with a fierce
and intolerant spirit, both Puritans and Catholics. Is it then
a matter either of doubt or surprise, that men who were
persecuted and viUfied for their reUgious opinions should
make common cause, and assemble together, to speak of their
mutual sufferings, hopes, and fears ? To the reverend vicar

REV. JOHN WARD. 143
one Mistris Kirk, daughter to one Mistris
Townsend ; shee came to towne, as Mr. Fflexon,
my barber, told mee, in a waggon, and in mean
attire ; hee saw her, for his ffather kept the
Chequers, where shee lay. My Lord Lovelace
took a lodging for her in Allsoules, and after
awhile, shee appeared as well clad as anie ladie
in the court. Shee afterwards married to one
Kirk, an old courtier, and one of his Majestie's
creatures. Itt was, as I have heard say, ima
gined that his Majestic was familiar with her,
in regard hee gave her away. My Lord Love
lace had her companie first after her husband's
death. I have heard my Lord Ffrancis, brother
to the Duke of Buckingham, kept her ; and
since that another nobleman keeps her.
There Avas a fellow Avith a vast long beard,
•Avhich came to Oxford about the middle of
September, An. Dom. 1659. Some say hee
of Stratford John Milton was known only as the Latin Secre
tary of Oliver Cromwell. Paradise Lost was not published
till the year 1667.

1 44 DIARY OF THE
had not cutt his beard since the King's
death. I have heard that the Protector should pro
mise Dr. Lambert Olbeston, that no man should
take aAvay his living ; so hee divided itt amongst
two. Says Mr. Boyl, " I lov6 to speak of persons
with civilitie, but of things with freedoms."
Edmund Alline, a stage player, founded the
College of DulAvich.
Fletcher, who wrote the plays, was a North
amptonshire man ; his father was dean of
Peterborough. Floid, of the Charter House, sales there hath
been killed 80,000 men on both sides in the late
civill warres, Avhich shcAvs how sad a thing
civill dissentions are.
It Avas but twenty shillings which Mr. Ham-
den went to laAv Avith the King for, and my
Lord Says but four pounds.
Charles Brandon was the only person that
lived and died in the full favour of Henry the

REV. JOHN WARD. 145
8th, some say because hee was like him in per
son and conditions.
One living in a house supposd to be haunted,
and paying a dear rent for itt, was askt how
hee durst live there ? He said, " Two saints
in heaven vext him more than all the divels in
hell," meaning St. Michael and the Virgin
Mary, their festivals being the time when hee
usually paid his rent.
Mors senibus est in foris, juvenibus in insidiis.
The Packet of Advices says, that 40 millions
of monie and monie worth was milkt out of the
nation, and by one side only, that is, the parlai-
ment's, and spent by the yeer 1647. The
author saw plate heapt upp in Guildhall, like
huge wood piles, and the plate, and most of the
40 millions, came out of the cittie.
The Lord Say, Mr. Pimm, and Mr. Hamden
first promoted the rebellion, Essex conducted
itt, and CromAvell, Vane, and Ireton carried itt
much further than the others intended to doe,
and made itt incapable of reconciliation.

146 DIARY OF THE
Some in Queen Elizabeth's time, hoping to
repair themselves by church lands, ranne out of
their estates, and then cried, " Solvat ecclesia!"
1. Deacons attended uppon presbyters to
bring the offering to the altar, to read the gospels,
to baptize, and to administer the Lord's supper.
2. The subdeacons, Avho used to attend the
deacons Avith consecrated vessels, and other
necessaries for administering the sacraments.
3. The acolouthites, who waited with the
tapers while the gospel was read, and the tapers
Avith which they Avaited Avere ready lighted.
4. The exorcists, who servd to dispossess
such as were possessed by the divel ; an office
of little use, but very auncient, for they are
found at the synod of Aries, within 200 years
after Christ's death.
5. Lecturers, Avho servd to read and ex
pound, and these were of use Avhen churches
began to multiply.
6. Ostiarii, Avhich used to ring the bells, and
open the doors and shutt them. These six.

REV. JOHN WARD. 147
with bishops and presbyters, considered as one,
make seven, which some will have to bee the
seven heads of the beast on Avhich the woman
sitteth. One says of a swearer, that hee swaggers at
the rate as if hee was master of artillerie to the
divel. Vinum theologicum is counted the best wine ;
and the reason of the phrase is, because priests
in Paris and Lovaine are such tasters and
praisers of itt.
Arden signifies a Avoody place, and was so
used by the Galls and the old Britons. The
last of the Ardens, Avbich Avas Robert, dyed at
Oxford, unmarried, an. 1643.
\n 266, under Gallienus, . Pope Dyonysius
ordained churches, and churchyards, and pa
rishes ; but Cuthbert, the Archbishop of Can-
terburie, about the yeer 752, obtaind that the
bodies of the dead should bee buried in church
yards Avithin citties, whereas aunciently they
were buried Avithout. l2

148 DIARY OF THE
In 1102, under Anselme, itt Avas ordained,
" ut decimse non nisi ecclesiis dentur," before
they paid them where they pleased, or where
they had a mind to bee buried.
Heretofore none were admitted to orders,
but such as had a title to a benefice, or iff any
were, the bishop that ordaind them was att his
owne charge to keep them.
The slaughters of Christian people, excited
by popes uppon the account of religion, since
the first appearing of the Waldenses and Albi-
genses, may bee thought to equal, if not to ex
ceed, the persecutions of the heathens. In the
first persecutions against the people, Avhich were
raisd either by the exhortation, decree, or com-
maund of Pope Innocent the Third, are
reckond to bee slaine in Ffrance _ alone,
1,000,000 people ; and of later days, have been
reckoned 150,000 Christians, within the space
of thirty yeers, consumed by the inquisition.
If Avee consider the protestant groAvth of
atheisme and infidelitie amongst us, and trace

REV. JOHN WARD 149
itt to itts original, we shall find itt to bee of
Italian extraction, and from thence ^propagated '
to Ffrance, and soe to England ; and the rea
son Avhy itt flourishes so in Italy is, because
they see that those who profes most, that is the
churchmen, carrie themselves so badly and
vitiously as indeed they doe.
Other books doe gratifie a man Avith some
knowledg or some good notion or other, but so
doe not the Quakers' books, which are flatly
and dully written.
One says of another that hee presumes to tax
the world like Augustus, meaning hee was cen
sorious. " Anima suilla pro sale," a swine's soul
serves for salt to keep the bodie sweet, and a
Quaker's does no more. Quakers need a second
revelation to ascertaine them of the truth of the
first, and a third to ascertaine the second.
Itt was questiond, when John Ffelton had
committed the act uppon the duke, Avhether
hee might bee putt to the rack to extort a con-

150 DIAR'sf'pF THE
fession from him, Avho putt him uppon the
action, and itt was resolvd in the negative, that
they could nott. The king (Charles the First)
intimated to the judges that hee would have
Felton's hand first cutt off, but they answerd,
itt could not bee.
I have heard Mr. Stretton, of our table, say,
that when Cromwell v\'as in Scotland, about a
week before Dunbar fight, hee sent a letter
superscribed to J;he Right Honourable David
Lesly, Lord GeneraU of the Scots armie, Avherein
hee expostulated Avith him and the nation, won-
dring that anie protestant should fight for one
Avho was popish, as hee alleged Charles Stewart
was, and profferd him, to retaine Scotland in
the name of the parliament of England, 10,000
Ii. per an. out of England : Mr. Stretton saw
the letter.
I have heard say by Mr. Clark, the bedle att
Oxford, that some merrie fellows about King
James did, or AA'ould have putt in a Avord into
the dictionarie, scoto, scotas, to begge.

REV. JOHN WARD. 151
I have heard a storie of a Quaker that came
to Sir Henry Vane, to persuade him that ieei
was to bee the Lord's anointed, and powred a
botle of stinking oil uppon his head, Avhich
made Sir Henry shake his eares: Mr. Ffen-
wick. One, when the king was in Scotland, advised
him to accept of the proposals which Crom
well made him after Dunbar fight, but hee
rejected them and forbid him his court.
Sir EdAvard Walker says, that in Holland,
every Sunday, there is a collection in their
churches for the poor, and in such a church as
ours att Stratford, five or ten pounds may bee
gatherd ; every one gives something, for which
hee thinks God especialy blesses him ; wee in
England give only att the Sacrament.
King William the Conqueror, on his death
bed, repented of his hard usage of the English
in these or the like words : " Multis, O Amici !
gravibusque peccatis onustus, contremisco, et
mox ad tremendum Dei judicium rapiendus.

152

DIARY OF THE

quid faciam ignoro ;" and so hee goes on : " Na-
turales regni filios, plus aequo exosus habui,
nobiles et vulgares crudeliter vexavi, injuste
multos exhsereditavi, — numeros, maxime in
pago Eboracenci, fame seu ferro mortificavi."
Those that were in armes against the con
queror presently lost their lands, but not their
children after them.
There is a minister in Northamptonshire, I
think at Cleydon, that will not pay the arch
deacon synodols, but will pay procurations ; and
tels him, hee would bee glad to see him att liis
house, and hee should bee welcome according
to the old custome.
Some say the Countess of Carlisle* gave secret
* The five members of the House of Commons were DenzU '
Hollis, Sir Arthur Haslerig, John Pym, John Hampden, and
William Stroud, who, with Lord Kimbolton, were accused by
Charles the First of high treason, for resisting his arbitrary
and oppressive government. The obsequious Attorney-
General, after bringing down to the House repeated im
peachments against them, was himself impeached for high
crimes and misdemeanors, in violating the privileges of par
liament, for which he was declared incapable of holding any
office, except that of Attorney-General, and committed to the

REV. JOHN WARD. 153
intelligence to the five members and Kimbolton of
the king's designe, and so they fled into the cittie.
Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice came over
here into England about the beginning of Sept.,
1642. Prince Rupert was the 2nd and Maurice
the 3rd sonne of the elector.
The first relief by souldiers given to Ireland
after the rebellion was a regiment under Sir
Symon Harcourt. After, some regiments were
sent from Scotland and the Earl of Leicester's
regiment from England ; these made some im
pression on the enemie in Leinster, but Ulster
was very ill provided.
Generall King, who Avas in the king's armie,
was a Scotchman ; hee had a great hand in

Fleet during the pleasure of the House. Charles pretended
that, on a bare accusation, he had power to apprehend the
members on suspicion of high treason and commit them to
the Tower: he even came to the Commons to apprehend
them, a design which was happily frustrated, as we learn from
Mr. Ward, through the Countess of CarUsIe; a series of
similar acts of lawless despotism excited popular resistance,
which inevitably led to the destruction of the monarch, and
the exile of the Stuart family.

154 DIARY OF THE
Marston Moor fight, and, quitt not himself so
well as hee should have done, as some think.
Montrosse Avas a married man; hee married
the daughter of the Earl of Southesk, and had
two children att least by her.
The Irish, when Ohver had conquerd them,
Avere some tried and executed by a high court
of justice ; the president of itt was Donellan,
an Irishman, and Cook, the same that Avas in the
king's trial ; some were transported, as the Earl
of Clanrickard. The remaining inheritors Avere
transplanted to Conoght. The chief of qualitie
thatsufferd, (for there were more of lesser note,)
were Colonel Mac Hugh, Colonel Tool, and
Colonel Bognal, and Sir Phelim O'Neal, Avho
was hanged and quarterd neer my Lord Con-
field's house, att the place where hee causd his
father to be murtherd.
Mr. Robert Manly was in the same plott
against Oliver that Dr. Huet was in. Morgan
had been a souldier forty yeers, and had
comaunded a brigade of foot in Fflanders, and

REV. JOHN WARD. I55
acquitted himself to the astonishment of the'
enemies, and the admiration of Turenne. ,: , ,;
Captain Titus was author of the pamphlet
calld " Killing no Murder." King Charles the
First confesses that hee treated att the Isle of
r*
Wight with many honourable lords and gentle
men, and says hee cannot but say that they
dealt nobly with him.
The poor people at Limosin, thinking the
pope not only to bee Christ's Adcar, but a God
too, the pope being their countriman, they pe-
titiond they might have two harvests in a yeer
graunted by his holines. The pope, after long
consultation with his grave council, said that
they should ; but with this condition, that they
should reckon not henceforth by twelve, but by
twenty-four months in the yeer.
Grover and his Irish ruffians burnt South-
werk, and had 1000 pounds for their pains,
said the narrative of Bedloe. Gifford, a Jesuite,
had the management of the fire. The 26 of
May, 1676, was the dismal fire of Southwork.

156 DIARY OF THE
The fire begunne att one Mr. Welsh, an oil
man, neer St. Margaret Hill, betwixt the
George and Talbot Innes, as Bedloe, in his nar
rative, relates.
The great fire in 1666 begunne in Pudding
Lane, in one Mr. Ffarmer's house, a baker.
The Duke of Ormond was the King's leif-
tenant in Ireland in 1648, and the rebels had
made a confederacie among themselves, and
these confederates had made a kind of league
with the leiftenant, wherein they agreed, uppon
libertie given them in the exercise of their reli
gion, to bee faithful to and assist the king : to
these allso were joined some foices raisd by the
Earl of Castlehaven, Clanrickard, and Inche-
quin, so that they were the greatest united
strength in the island ; but there AA^ere among
them a great many other papists, that Avould by
no means subject themselves to the protestants,
and these were calld the nuncio's partie, as the
others were calld the confederate partie : these
persons not agreeing, and the popish confede-

REV. JOHN WARD. I57
rates having broken their articles, the leiftenant
seeing them readie to -besiege him in Dublin,
and not being able to defend itt, to preserve the
place for the protestants, surrenders itt to the
parlaiment of England, and came over for Eng
land to the king in holt, from England he went
to the prince, now king, to Paris. But the con
federates, affrighted with the news of the Rumps
sending an armie thither, desired the prince, by
letters, to send back Ormond, ingaging abso
lutely to submitt to the king's authoritie, and to
obey Ormond as his leiftenant, and thereuppon
hee was sent back ; this was about a yeer be
fore Cromwell went over, in which time, by
the dissentions in Ireland betwixt the confede
rate partie and the nuncio's partie, and dissen
tions about comaund, they were att last routed
by a sallie. out of Dublin. In a little time after,
comes Cromwell, and in less than a yeer con
quers allmost all, leaving what Avas behind to
Ireton to finish.
A Jesuite in his sermon, in one of their col-

158

DIARY OF THE

ledges, compard his societie to a clock, which,
by: the regularitie of itts motions, did direct all
other things ; but while hee was in his simili
tude, their colledge clock, being out of order,
struck a hundred, which being heard by the
auditors, administered laughter.
The 28th of Henry the Third was the first
time the word parliament was ever used, before
itt was called concilium magnum, commune
concilium regni, magnatum conventus.
My landlord at Brackley told mee a storie of
Dr. Cosines, Bishop of Durham, that his
bishoprick was worth 7000 pound a-yeer ; that
hee is a very parsimonious man ; that hee was
first chaplain to Archbishop Neal, then to
Bishop Laud. That his sonne, Mr. John
Cosins, Avas Avith him since hee Avas bishop
half a-yeer; but hee made him so poor an
allowance that hee left him, and came upp to
London, and turnd- papist againe, and continues
soe, and his father does not look uppon him in
the least, but hee is poor and hath his main-

REV. JOHN WARD. 159
tenance of catholicks. That' when' Dr. Cosins
Avas in Ffrance, hee had all his meat out 6f the
old queen's kitchen, and his victuals in her
court in a chamber there too. That hee and
his man livd sometimes for sixpence a-day ; and
that hee heard say hee was better then than
now. He hath five daughters aU married, the
last to Dr. Grenvil, brother to the Earl of
Bath, and prebend of Durham, Avith a parson
age. That hee is an extreme passionate man.
That when hee was in Ffrance, diverse gentle
men that travaild thither usd to come to see
him, and droppe some pence into his hand.
That when hee was low, hee was often tempted
to turne papist, with large promises, that iff hee
would doe so, hee and his children would bee
provided for, and they should never trouble him
more ; but I have heard hee is a man much
against their way, and preaches much against
itt. That hee hath 9,000 pound odd monie
composition for the cole pitts. That hee said
of the Duke of Buckingham, that hee was one

160 DIARY OF THE
of the best witts of the nobilitie of England, of
which duke, I heard say, that Mr. Spratt of
Wadham was his chaplaine two yeers ere the
duke kncAv itt ; whether itt Avas a droUerie or
not I know not
An instrument calld a waywiser, by the
motion whereof a man may see how many steps
he takes in a-day : I have seen one worth
thirty shillings.
It Avas said of Bishop Hooper, that hee was
spare of words, spare of dyet, and sparest of
time : a neat commendation.
The dog days in the yeer 1668 very hott ; in
quire the consequence of that heat, and what
effect itt had generally uppon bodies that yeer.
In the heat of sumer, about July and August,
wee had in Stratford fcAver burials than ordi
narie ; I have observd itt, too, before : inquire
in London weekly bills.
In King Richard the Second's time physi
tians and divines Avere not distinct professions ;
for one Tydeman, Bishop of Landaph and

REV. JOHN WARD. 161
Worcester> was physician to King Richard the
Second. Mr. Leigh, the synodical commentator, usd,
after hee was 70 yeers of age, to beginne his
account againe; so that iff hee was askt. how
old hee was, hee would say hee was five ; five on
the new account, 75 in aU.
A massy crucifix plact on the table in the
Chapel royal, in Queen Elizabeth's time, for
some yeers, till Peach, the queen's fool, broke
itt, att 'the instigation of Sir Ffrancis Knowles.
Itt is said of Bishop Williams, that hee was
a dioces in himself; being bishop, dean, pre
bend, residentiarie, and parson, all at once.
Edmund, Earl of Derby, who dyed in Queen
Elizabeth's days, was famous for chirurgerie,
bonesetting, and hospitalitie.
Mr. Swann told mee his was the first shipp
that went into India after the king's death ; as
soon as they came there, they sent the president
to acquaint the king with the death of the King
of England by the hands of his own subjects ;
M

162 DIARY OF THE
hee told them, that iff anie man mentiond such
a thing hee should bee putt to death, or if hee
could not bee found out, they should all dy for itt.
Mr. Graunt observes, that the number of
christenings in 1660 was greater than anie
three yeers foregoing ; whence he observes the
benediction of the kingdome in tlie restitution
of monarchy : but something else may be in
ferred from itt.
Because conventicles were forbidden in Scot
land, one there said grace of an hour and half
long, so coHclung a conventicle in itt.
Mr. Fflexon* told mee, that in the Avarres
here Avas one, under Sir Henry Moody, that
ahvays washt his face in sack ; hee lookt as
fresh as ever hee saAV man in his life, yet Avas
50 or more ; hee was shavd tAvice a- week in
sack ; itt took upp half a pint of sack att a time
to shave, though otherwise a spoonfull or two
would do : hee Avas cornet to the king's life
guard. * A barber at Oxford.

REV. JOHN AVARD. 163
Bushel was my Lord Bacon's man, hee is
very old ; I have heard hee had a suit which was
much buttond, whence that jest was fixt uppon
him, that when my lord fell; hee made buttons,
and his man. Bushel, wore them. I have
heard somewhat of his peregrination into Man,
or the Calf of Man, where hee met with an
old woman, whom some say hee turnd to a con
jurer. It is said of the gunpowder plott, that itt
seemd a piece rather hammerd in hell by a con
venticle of cacodemons, than tracd by humane
invention. The bill of right came after the loane, and
contained this, thatt no free man bee compelld
to yield anie gift or loane, without consent in
parliament. None to bee imprisond Avithout judgement of
his peers.
That billetting of souldiers on the countie
should bee left off, and commissions for pro
ceeding by martiall law abolished.
m2

164 DIARY OF THE
Of 97 ministers that were in London before
the warre, eightie-five were turnd out.
The Act of Indemnitie, which passd since
the king came in, was dated from Jan. 1, 1637,
that is, from the beginning of the Scotch
troubles. My Lord Cook, the laAvyer, when hee was
dying, used frequently this speech, " Tliy king
dom come, thy wiU be done."
King Henry the Fourth, by his royal char
ter and concurrence of Parliament, did sever
the possessions of the dutchy of Lancaster from
the Crowne, and that which John of Gaunt
held for terme of life, Avas established to per-
petuitie by the statutes of Edward the Fom-th
and Henry the Seventh ; Avhich separation Avas
made by King Henry the Fom-th, in regard
¦ hee Avell kncAv'that hee had the dutchy of Lan
caster by sure and indefeasible title ; Avhereas
his title to the croAvne was not so assured, be
cause, after the death of Richard the Second,
the royal right was in the heir of Lyonel, Duke

REV. JOHN WARD. 165
of Clarence, second sonne of Edward the
Third, and John of Gaunt, who was father to
Henry the Fourth, was the fourth sonne ; there
fore his policie was to make itt (the dutchy) a
distinct thing from the crowne, for fear of after-
claps. It was Edward the Third who erected the
county of Lancaster into a county palatine, and
honoured the Duke of Lancaster therewith,
giving him jura regalia, having a particular
court ; the officers whereof were the chancellor,
the atturney, the receiver-general, the clerk of
the court, the auditors, surveyor of the messen
gers. The seal of the dutchy remains Avith the
chancellor ; but the scale of the county palatine
remaines in a chest in the countie palatine,
under the safe custodie of a keeper.
King James, during his reigne in Scotland,
was heavily pestered Avith the Presbyterians.
Itt is very prettie to observe Avhat prettie tricks
they usd to play with him. One time hee had
a mind to feast some embassadours that were

166 DIARY OF THE
come info his kingdome, and for that purpose
did desire the cittie of Edinborough to give
them an entertainment, which they promisd ;
but in the interim the church, to crosse the
busines as much as might bee, resolve to pub
lish a fast, which they did, and hardly forebore
excommunicating the citizens of Edinborough
for not keeping the fast, and feasting the em
bassadors according to their promise.
Some Jesuites and Papists have said that
there was no such thing as a plot intended by
the Catholicks, but only one feigned by the
Puritans to render the Catholicks odious ; that
no Jesuit had any hand in itt, or knowledge of
itt; and that Henry Garnet, the Jesuit, was
executed for his religion, not for this horrid
treason, of Avhich hee was not guiltie, as Ende-
mon, Johannes, and Laurentius falsely pub
lished to the Avorld.
The Lady Arabella Avas daughter to Charles,
Earl of L^iox, third sonne to Margaret, some
time Queen of Scotland, daughter to Henry the

REV. JOHN WARD. 167
Seventh, but after married to the Earl of Angus,
1514. The treason with which Sir Walter Rawleigh,
and Cobham, and Grey Avas charged was some
talk that they had in the Privey Councill about
the Lady Arabella's succession in the Crowne,
and securing King James.
My Lord Peters is an Essex man ; hee hath
a house in Aldersgate Street, wherein lives the
Marquis of Dorchester.
Don Antonio was in England in Queen
Elizabeth's days, and lived at Uxbridge in
Queen Elizabeth's days, as old Sampson told
mee; hee knew him. Hee obtaind the Crown
of Portugal, and Essex, and Norris, and Drake
Avere sent to set him in his kingdome ; but all
to no purpose
King James gave the Earl of Carlisle all
wast ground and incroachments in England;
hee had 6,000 Ii. of the cittie of London, for
ground which the Thames had left att one time,
Uppon a signe about Fleet Bridg, this is

168 DIARY OF THE
written : " Here fives Peter de la Roch and
George Goslin, both which, and no other, are
sworn operators to the King's teeth."
I was at Rayston's shop in Ivie Lane, Febr.
the 8, 1661 . Hee printed the Marquis of Win
chester's conference with the King : hee printed
most of the Royalists' works, as Hamond's,
Taylor's pieces, and others.
Old Sampson, the chymist, told mee that hee
made the aqua fortis Avith which Sir Walter
Rawleigh did precipitate gold to inrich an oar,
Avhich hee presented to King James, proffering
to bring the same from beyond sea, but could
not perform his promise.
Sir Walter had two sonnes ; the eldest was
bad, and, I think, kild with him ; and CarcAv,
Avho was born in the Tower, a fine gentleman,
as hee says, and of the bedchamber to the last
King, and governor of Jersey or Gernsey, of
which his father was allso governor.
Jan: 4, 1661, I was Avith one Mr. Sampson,
a chymist, who lives in Great Allie Street,

REV. JOHN WARD, 169
about East Smithfield ; hee Avas operator to Sir
Walter Rawly twelve years whilst hee was in
the Tower : hee told me manie things of Sir
Walter. It is not permitted for any man to ride ful
speed over the bridg by the Tower Avithout a
forfeit, least so doing the horse should strike
fire, and so fire the gunpowder ; I8d. forfeit.
Sunday, January the 19, 1661, I was att
Christchurch Hospital, and saw their custome
at dinner in the hall. The steward told mee
they maintaind seven hundred in that hospital,
there and in the country, and had not above
4,000 pounds a yeer, yet expended 8,000 Ii. I
askt him how they could depend itt ? Hee said
itt came in by God's providence. Their founder
was King Edward the Sixth. They hav6 ten
Avards, and many beds in a ward, tAvo in every
bed, the boys by themselves, and the women by
themselves : every table hath a nurse, one whereof
told mee that their alloAvance Avas 3*. 6c?. a-week.

170 DIARY OF THE
and 3 pound a-yeer. Dr. Alston is their dr.
in physick.
I was likewise att the Charterhouse, and the
porter told mee the whole storie of the house.
Mr. Sutton bought itt of the Duke of Norfolk
or Suffolk, who had itt of Henry the Eight,
when hee dissolved the abbys. This Sutton
was Mr. of Ordnance to Queen Elizabeth
att Berwick, and came by an estate, they say,
by buying a ship, which provd to have in her
much gold. His intent was to have built his
hospital! att a towne in Essex, but he turnd his
mind : hee lived not to see itt perfected ; but
his executor was faithful, and performd his aatII,
and it was finisht. Their revenue is betwixt
four and 5,000 pound a-yeer: they matntaine
80 old men and 44 boys att the school, and
24 att the universitie eight yeers.
When King James came into England,
coming to Boughton, hee was ffeasted by Sir
Edward Montague, and his six sonnes brought

REV. JOHN WARD. 171
upp the six first dishes; three of them after
were lords, and three more knights. Sir Walter
Montague, Sir Sydney, and Sir Charles, whose
daughter Lady Hatton is.
Lisping people usualy good natured, as I
have heard the observation made.
The Duke of Buckingham, the great fa
vourite, had one sister, and shee was married to
Hamilton, and brother of one Lord Purbeck,
the one this Lord Grandison, the other Cliristo-
pher, Earle of Anglesey.
The Duke of Buckingham intended the lady
whom Esquire Ray married for his brother, the
Earl of Anglesey ; but Wray left him drinking,
and some companie with him, and in the mean
time went and married her, for hee had a graunt
of her from King James ; but after the Duke
got the King's good will, the Duke got Esq.
Ray to bee removd from the court, for before
hee was of the bedchamber to King James.
Mr. Hartman had a piece of unicorn's horn,
Avhich one Mr. Godeski gave him ; hee had itt

172 DIARY OF THE
att some foraine prince's court. I had the piece
in my hand. Hee desired Dr. Willis to make
use of itt in curing his ague ; but the Dr. re-
fusd, because hee had never seen itt used. Mr.
Hartman told mee the forementioned gentleman
had as much of itt as would make a cup, and
hee intended to make one of itt. It approved
ittself as a true one, as hee said, by this ; iff one
drew a circle with itt about a spider, shee would
not move out of itt.
I have heard King James would have his
daughter askt three times in the church, which
accordingly shee was, in St. Margaret's, West
minster. Mr. V. ashburn.
Archbishop Chichly, having persuaded King
Henry the 5th to a warre with Ffrance, built a
colledg in Oxon, to pray for the soules of those
who Avere killed in the warres of Ffrance. Hee
calld it Allsoules, as intended to pray for all,
but more especialy for those kdld in the warrs
of Ffrance.
The dissolution of abbeys causd the books in

REV. JOHN WARD. 173
their libraries to bee spread, to the increase of
learning, which their former slothful possessors
would not make use of.
I have heard Sir Kenelme Digby to bee as
great an empyrick as any in Europe ; and many of
his conceits are empyricall, and some scarce true.
June 14, 1661, I saw Sir Henry Vane* be-
* It is impossible to pass over this dark deed of violated
faith and ruthless murder, without dwelling for a moment on
the character of its splendid victim,
" Than whom a better Senator ne'er held
The helm of Rome, when gowns, not arms repell'd."
'Vane had, it is true, been excepted in the Act of Indem
nity, but the same House of Commons that excepted him,
petitioned the King, as did the House of Peers, that he
might not suffer death ; which was agreed to by Charles.
Had a spark of honour warmed the monarch's breast, this
promise would have been doubly sacred, as a pardon had
been before proclaimed to all but the late King's judges.
The record writers of the time call Vane's bearing at his trial
and murder, " indiscreet" and " insolent." Honest, firm,
and unbending to the last, he declared at his trial, that he
valued his life less in a good cause than the King did his
promise, and at the scaffold, his perfidious murderers, fearing
the effects of the noble testimony of his dying sentiments on
the populace, stifled his last speech with the discordant sound
of the hollow drum. Though his judges could not well be

174 DIARY OF THE
headed on Tower Hill, and hee was much in
terrupted in his speech, because hee reflected on
his judges.
I saw Ben Jhonson's play, calld the Alchy-
mist, acted, in which two parts were acted wel,
the Dr. and the Puritan, the latter incomparably
well, att tlie playhouse, which is the King's,
betwixt Lincoln's Inn Field and Vere Street.
This land, some yeers past, hath been boyling
hot with questions concerning right of dominion
and obedience due fi-om subjects.
In Ffrance a physitian is liable to excommu
nication, if hee thrice visit a patient without ac
quainting a priest for his soul's health.
I have heard a storie of Vincent Wing, the
astrologer ; hee Avas mett by an acquaintance
of his going to London, without his boots, on
horsebacke ; one Mr. Lane meeting him, and
asks him Avhy hee did so ? but hee replied hee
Avas sure itt would not raine ; but ere hee was
deemed " indiscreet," this act brands their blood-stained
memory with heartless insolence and base treachery.

REV. JOHN WARD. 175
got a mile or two, itt fell a raining with much
feircenes, and so continued a week.
In Cheshire, when men are sick, they tye a
handkerchief about their heads, and make them
a posset ; and if they recover them not, then
Lord have mercie uppon them.
Wee have utterly lost Avhat was the thing
which preserved beer so long, before hops were
found out in England.
I have heard this account of the rise of the
family of the Russels. About the time when
Philip, King of Castile, father to Charles the
Fifth, was forcd by foul weather into the har
bour of Weymouth, Sir Thomas Trenchard
bountifully entertaind this royal guest ; and Mr.
Russel, a gentleman or esquire of Kingston
^Russel, in the countie of Dorset, Avho had tra
vaild beyond seas, and was much accomplisht
himself, was sent for to compleat the entertain
ment. King Philip took such dehght in his
companie, that when hee went home, hee recom
mended him to Henry the 7th, as a person of

176 DIARY OF THE
abilities to stand before princes. King Henry
the 8th much favoured him, making him con
troller of his house, privy counseller, and made
him Lord Russel. Edward the 6th, Earl of
Bedford. Two rich abbeys, Tavistock and
Thorne, in Cambridgeshire, fell to him att the
dissolution. Mr. Ffrancis Quaries was borne in the parish
of Romford, in Essex, and was secretarie to
James Usher, Bishop of Armagh. His losses
in Ireland att the rebellion were great, which
made him returne hither.
I have heard iNlr. Trap say that the parsons
of Tredington Avere allways needle; one Dr.
Brett, Avho was parson before Dr. Smith, was
to marrie one Mr. Hicks; and Mr. Hicks,
in a vapour, laid a handfull of gold and
silver uppon the book, and hee took itt all ;
whereupon Mr. Hicks went to him, and told him
of itt, that hee did not intend to have given him
all ; itt was about ten pound. Says hee, "I want,
and I will pay thee againe ;" but never did.

REV. JOHN WARD. 177
King Charles, when hee had pawned his
croAvne Jewells in Holland for 200,000 pound,
hee sent out comissions of array into all the
counties for arming men. Petavius, in his
Historic, sales that King Charles, when hee
came out of Spaine, kissd English ground ; and
when hee went into Scotland to bee crownd,
1633, hee hardly escaped the hands of one
Arthur, a dominicall ffriar of Spaine.
The Queen mother of Ffrance died at Agrip-
pina, 1642, and her sonne Lewis, 1643, for
whom King Charles mourned in Oxford in
purple, which is princes' mourning.
Wickham, Beaufort, and Wainfleet succeeded
each other in the see of Winchester, and those
three got, and held the bishoprick within two
of six score yeers. This Beaufort was the
great cardinall who was reported to say on his
death bed, " Iff all England could save his life,
hee was able, either by monie or policie, to pro
cure itt."
St. Ebba Avas daughter to Edelfrid, King of

178 DIARY OF THE
Northumberland. When her father was taken
prisoner, shee got hold of a boat in Humber,
and passing along the raging ocean, shee landed
att a place in March, in Scotland, which is
called the Promontorie of St. Ebb to this day.
Becoming priores of Cordingham, shee cut off
her owne nose, and causd her fellow nuns to
doe theirs, to preserve their chastitie.
Mr. Anderson, a townsman and merchant of
Newcastle, talking with a freind, and handling
his ring on Newcastle Bridg, before hee was
aAvare, lett itt fall into the water, and was much
troubled att itt ; but the same was found in a
fish caught in the river, and restored to him.
The same is related in Herodotus in his third
book, the Minion of Fortune.
There are three ffathers against musick in
churches ; first, Jerom, calling itt " theatrales
modulos ;" secondly, Gregorie, terming itt
" consuetudinem reprehensibilem ;" third, Atha-
nasius, Avho flatly did forbid itt in the church,
for the vanitie of itt.

REV. JOHN WARD. 179
Bushel liad leave from King Charles, and
Sir Ffrancis Godolphin with him, to coine
monie at Aberesky, in Wales; their mine
yeelded a hundred pound a-week silver, besides
half as much in lead.
An orator, being to comend one who was
scarce commendable, said only thus : " This
deceased person ought to bee spoke wel of for
two reasons ; first, because God made lum ;
secondly, because hee is dead."
Mr. Speed was helpt much in his labours
by Mr. Camden, Sir Robert Cotton, and one
Mr. Barkham.
One spoke of the Spanish plate fleet, that if
all charges were cast upp, the fortune of the
sea and the fike, itt would appear that they
purchase a little gold, att the price of a great
deal of gold.
It seems to mee to bee one of the greatest
blemishes of Queen Elizabeth's ireigne, that
shee suffered the Earl of Leicester, who was so
Avicked, to domineer as hee did.
n2

i»JAKJ \Jt lilj!.

Since the tAventieth yeer of Queen Elizabeth
the rack was never used in England ; then, in
deed. Campion* was wrackt, but none since, and
the Queen was much displeased att itt, being
informed itt was against the law. This Baron
Weston, in the tryal of Mrs. Collier, affirmd.
Sir Edward Walker was secretarie to the
Earl of Arundel, when hee went embassador to
the Emperor about restitution of th^ palatinate.
Hee was secretarie to the same Earl when hee
was general of the King's forces against the
Scots. Sir Edward, by the King's comand,
wrote the actions of the warre in 1644. I saw
itt, and King Charles the First his correcting
of itt, with his owne hand-writing ; for Sir
Edward's maner Avas to bring itt to the King
every Saturday, after diner, and then the King
putt out and putt in, with his owne hand, Avhat
hee pleased.
* Edmund Campian, a Jesuit, was put to death in 1581
with Ralph Sherwin, Luke Kirby, and Alexander Bryan, three
Catholic priests, for endeavouring to raise commotions in the
kingdom.

REV. JOHN WARD. igl
A physitian told his patient this story :
" Friend, thou hast two diseases, and whilst I
kill one, the other will kill thee."
Sir Henry Wood hath a saying, that hee
that hath tasted of the King's broath, never
likes any other.
One of Sir George Bukley's servants said of
him, that if they could find nothing else against
him, they would sequester him for original sinne.
Dr. Matthew Sutcliffe, on his death bed,
repented that hee had wrote so much against
the Puritans.
The Jesuites and Jcavs are the greatest intel
ligencers in the world, for being both close and
compact societies, and united by the oppositions
generaly made against them, their communica
tions are circumscribed within their owne bodies,
and so there is a more constant course of intel
ligence betwixt each part. Itt was a saying of
Henry the Fourth of Ffrance, that to know the
Jesuists was the only way to love them ; but I
doubt itt was hard to knoAV them

182 DIARY OF THE
Mr. Hickman was a saying att my house
thus : " If men will quote the fathers, they should
send a man word where they should bee, as
some say the civilians doe in their pleadings
send word what book they Avill make use of a
day or two before."

REV. JOHN WARD. 183

SHAKSPEARE.

Shakspear had but two daughters, one
whereof Mr. Hall, the physitian, married, and
by her had one daughter married, to Avit, the
Lady Bernard of Abbingdon.
I have heard that Mr. Shakspeare was a
natural wit, without any art at all; hee fre
quented the plays all his younger time, but in
his elder days lived at Stratford, and supplied
the stage with two plays every year, and for itt
had an allowance so large, that hee spent att the
rate of 1,000/. a-year, as 1 have heard.
Shakespeare, Drayton, and Ben Jonson, had
a merie meeting, and itt seems drank too hard,
for Shakespear died of a feavour there con
tracted.

184

DIARY OF THE

Remember to peruse Shakespeare's plays,
and bee much versed in them, that I may not
bee ignorant in that matter.
Whether Dr. Heylin does well, in reckoning
up the dramatick poets which have been famous
in England, to omit Shakespeare.
A letter to my brother, to see Mrs. Queeny,*
to send for Tom Smith for the acknowledg
ment. * Probably Shakspeare's daughter Judith, who lived to be
seventy-seven years of age.

REV. JOHN WARD. jQS

STRATFORD-UPON-AVON.

Our church is of auncient structure, and little
lesse than the conqueror's time. The north
and south crosse of Stratford church was built
by Sir Hugh Clopton.
Robert de Stratford, who afterwards was
bishop, was parson of Stratford.
Stratford is so called from a street passing
over a ford.
Stratford super Avon belonged to the Bishop
of Worcester, three hundred years before the
conquest. Our Thursday mercate att Stratford
Avas graunted to the towne in King Richard the
First's time, through the meanes of John de
Constantiis, Bishop of Worcester.

186 DIARY OF THE
John de Chesterton, a lawyer in Edward the
Third's time, hadd the mannor of Stratford, in
lease of the Bishop of Worcestor ; but in the
third of Edward the 6, Nicholas Heath passd itt
to John Dudley, Earl of Wanvick, for lands in
Worcestershire. Stratford was made a corporation in the
seventh of Edward the Sixth. In the eighteenth
of Elizabeth, the mannor was graunted to Ralph
Coningsby, by lease for twenty-one years.
Ralph Collingwood, Dean of Litchfield, be
came warden of the colledg of Stratford, and
finisht the -chancel which BaUsall had designed.
The tithes of Little Wilmecote belonged to
the guild. King Henry the Fourth incor
porated the guild, though itt was a fraternitie
long before. The guild land was valued, att
the dissolution of itt, at 50/. 4*. lid.
John Combes was steward of the lands and
possessions of the guild.
Walter Clopton became owner of the mannor of
Cockfield, in Essex, and assumed the name of itt.

REV. JOHN WARD. 187
A fair procurd for Stratford by Walter de
Maydenstone, made Bishop of Worcester in
Edward the Second's time, which should last
fifteen days, beginning on the eve of St. Peter
and St. Paul.
Sir John Cloptoh's sonne buried by mee in
the vault under his seat, by mee on Saturday
night, Aug. 11, 1666.
William de Lucy was heir to Walter de
Cherlcote. The Lucies are descended of the
Montforts. Sir Thomas Lucie much inlarged Cherlcote
Park, by the addition of Hampton Woods.
CDugdale.) The Lucies great lovers of horses aunciently,
proved by one of them giving forty mark to a
London merchant for one in King Edward the
First's time, which was then a vast summe.
When administration was graunted to
Thomas Rogers, the sonne of Thomas Rogers,
Joseph was, as itt were, distracted. Witness
Goody HathaAvay and Mr. Bamet.

188 diary OF THE

THEOLOGY, POLITICS, &c.

Adsit Deus nostris hisce conatibus favente
sui spiritus afilatu, necnon vultu suo satis bene
volo, nos quoque in omnem veritatem quasi ma-
nuducat, intellectus oculos aperiendo, amplexus
voluntatis exponendo, affectuum vires naturales
suscitando, toto denique corde, eandem diligere
faciendo, in tui gloriam, nostri salutem, et confir-
mationem, cui cum Filio, et Spiritu sancto, sit
omnis honor, laus, et gloria, in seecula.
" In brevi et facili, stat seternitas,'' says St.
Hilarie, things absolutely necessarie to salvation
are easie and obvious in Scripture.
There are some things, as Tertullian says,
which doe " sedificare ad gehennam," edifie men
dowuAvards.

REV. JOHN WARD. 189
Itt is said of our Saviour's miracles they were
perfect, hee made a man every Avhitt whole,
John 7. 23 ; itt cannot be said so of other
men's cures, they are imperfect, not done
thoroughly. Hee that goes about to read the goodness or
badness of an action by the event, holds the
wrong end of the book upwards, " quis furor
est, ne moriare, mori."
Whether the place Matthew 19. 17, bee not
the strongest place in the whole Scripture
against the diAdnitie of Christ.
John Goodwin's book of " Might and Right
well Met," was written in 1648, uppon the oc
casion of the armies gorbling the parliament, not
upon the king's death.
The apostle does not say, let every soul bee
subject to the higher magistrates, but to the
higher powers ; 2ndly, hee does not say there is
no magistrate but of God, but there is no power
but of God ; Srdly, hee does not say magi
strates that are, but poAvers that are ; nor 4thly,

190

DIARY OF THE

whosoever resisteth the magistrate, but whoso
ever resisteth the power ; 5thly, hee demaunds,
wilt thou not bee afraid of the power, not of
the ruler or magistrate.
McDonald says there came out in his time a
book intituled " De arte nihil credendi," and
there was in itt but one true saying, which was,
hee that wiU bee an atheist, let him first bee a
Calvinist. Sparta diu stetit, non quod rex bene impera-
bat, sed quia populus bene parabat.
One says of David, that hee sinned as kings
use to doe ; but hee repented, and wept, and
sighed, as kings use not to doe.
It is a wonder Avhy St. Paul, when hee men
tioned one faith, one baptism, one God, did not
adde one pope, or pastor generalissimo of the
Avhole church.
I have a latitude of charitie for those that
dissent from mee, if they bee not seducing im
postors, or turbulent incendiaries.
There are not three things in the world

REV. JOHN WARD. 191
which so certainly bring a good reputation
along Avith them, as charitie, humilitie, con-
stancie. This life is begunne in a crye, and ended in a
groane. Some says too sharply of physitians, that the
sun sees their practice, and the earth hides their
faults. Some men have a charter to say anything
and prove nothing.
It is said of Euripides, that hee should say,
jtAierto (To^tjv yuvatxa.
Mr. Hobbs, in his description of man, hoAv
that he first thrives in his leggs, which is the
reason why children runne about so ; then in his
Aarile parts, whence hee is addicted to genera
tion ; then in his stomach and back, whence itt
is that men in age have good stomachs and
backs for labour ; after itt ascends higher, even
to the head, whence they are fit for council.
As Calvine used to say, that our Liturgie had
in itt " tolerabiles ineptias ;" so Bishop Wilhams

192 DIARY OF THE
used to say of him, that he had " intolerabiles
morositates." If there bee anything in the world that excels,
it is man ; if anything in man, it is reason ; if
anything in reason, it is religion.
One said, wee must praise God on a ten-
stringed instrument ; that is, by observing the
Ten Commandments.
It was not the black brand of heresie which
the Jews would have cast uppon him, nor the
reproach of a babbler, under which he sufferd
among the Athenians ; it Avas not the informa
tion of Ananias, the high priest, nor the accusa
tion of Tertullian, the orator ; it was not the
conspiracie of the confederates at Jerusalem, nor
the furie of the zealots at Lystra, or Ephesus ;
it was not the subtiltie of Elymas, the sorceror,
nor the violence of the magistrates at PhUippi ;
it was not the pomp of the civil power in
Agrippa and Ffestus, nor the horror of the mili-
tarie power in the governor of Damascus ; it
was not any of these, nor all of these, nor any

REV. JOHN WARD. 193
other thing whatsoever that could stop him in
his course.
To what purpose did God vouchsafe so many
temporall as well as spiritual mercies to Israel,
it was that they might observe his statutes and
keep his laws. Ps. 105. 45.
Whether the ten tribes carried away by
Salomanosser into captivitie shall ever be called
or no ; or whether, since they had no hand
in Christ's death, they shall not first be
called. The argunients that many authors use to con
firm it savour more of wit than Aveight.
The Christian church was first styled catho-
fick, in opposition to the church of the Jcavs,
which Avas confind to a particular countrie.
The Bishop of Alyff, preaching at Trent in
the time of the council, speaking of the faith and
manners of the catholicks and hereticks, said that
as the faith of the catholique was better, so the
heretiques exceeded them in good life, which
gave much distast, as the historian says. o

1 94 DIARY OF THE
Wee had need to have God nigh to us when
trouble is nigh. Ps. 22. 11.
Bishop Morton calls the expurgatorie index,
a martyrologium of many innocent books.
Whether those only goe to purgatorie who
die in veniall sinnes, or they allso which die in
mortaU. The pains of purgatorie are of the same kind
Avith them in hell, but not of the same degree.
Wee live here as if our aimes and hopes were
no higher, nor fixt on better things.
Wicked men are the divel's OAvn, and so hee
challenges them. Matthew 12. "My house
and my goods."
Jupiter quem odit, facit paedagogum.
Whether God's dealings with the Jews was
not a resemblance of his eternal deaUngs with
mankind, as wel in the business of apostacie and
restauration, as in election and aU God's other
dealings with them.
Though there are no sinners like to us, yet
there is no God like unto thee !

REV. JOHN WARD. 195
One calls the pleasures of the world dulcis
acerbitas, another, amarissima voluptas.
Those countries where the sunne is hottest
are usually fuUest of serpents and noxious ani
mals ; so ingratitude is most found there, Avhere
mercies are most abundantly showed.
A beleever's fears should bee filial, more for
love than want; and all his tears should bee
joyful, more for comfort than grief.
No men laugh louder than wicked men, but
this is madnes; none weep oftner than be
lievers, but this is gladnes.
Although God did certainly know that Adam
had sinned, yet hee would not condemne him
tui hee had a confession from his owne mouth,
to teach judges that they shoidd walk according
to what is proved, not according to what they
are conscious unto ; there is likewise a parallel
place to this purpose, Genesis 18. 23.
I have learned long since to slight the appro
bation of four sorts of persons ; that is to say,
first, of an ignorant person, because hee is un-
o2

196 DIARY OF THE
capable of understanding the value of a thing ;
secondly, of a flatterer, because hee applaudeth
for his owne ends ; thirdly, of a deceiver, be
cause ordinarily his thoughts are disguised ;
fourthly, of a light and inconstant person like
wise, the esteeme that such a one makes of any
thing is bred rather by fancie and humour, than
from reason.
A lover of truth ought to hide nothing Avhich
hee hath found out for health, but to reveal itt
for God's glorie, and the good of the common
wealth. We never read that the apostles ever kneeld
down to Christ in their ordinarie prayers, whilst
hee was here on earth.
Good schollars seldome take things uppon
trust ; particularly see two noble exhortations to
trial of what wee receive for truth ; the one in
the preface to Selden's '' Historic of Tithes,"
the other in the preface to Harvey of " Genera
tion." I heard Dr. Tucker preach at St. Margaret's

REV. JOHN WARD. 197
(Oxford,) Jan. 5, in the afternoon, and hee Avas
as practical as any of the episcopal men that
ever I heard. His text was John 5. 40, " Yee
Avill not come to mee that yee might have life,"
which words hee calld a bill of attainder against
the Jews for their infidelitie ; and then hee ob
servd three doctiines ; the first was, that fife is
to bee had in Christ ; second, that this life is to
bee had, only for the coming for ; tliu'd, that the
fault is in men themselves, and their owne Avills,
why they doe not come and accept of him ; or
thus, the fault is not in Christ, but in men them
selves, why they misse of fife from him. He
begunne Avith the first, and enlargd on the pro
perties of this life, to inforce itt uppon us, as itt
was a peaceable hfe, a joyful fife, and an ever
lasting life, and all very handsomely.
]Mr. Prime hath made a book against bowing
att the name of Jesus ; hee would have itt " in
the name of Jesus " as itt is in the original!, kv rdS
ovo[jLaTi, and so itt was in our common prayer,
till Dr. Cozens had itt alterd, 1629 ; and in all

198

DIARY OF THE

our translations, except Beza's and Castalio's,
and all our English one's, till the Bible was
translated ; the last revising was committed to
Bishop Andrews by King James, who putt itt
" att the name of Jesus," having preachd itt upp
not long before at Court, and afterwards allso.
It is observd by some, that St. Luke, making
mention of the difference betwixt Paul and Bar
nabas, hee makes use of an expression in his
owne facultie jrapo^oo-ju-oj. Acts 15. 39.
The many various sects and absurd opinions,
and fancies and pretended revelations of these
later times have much lessened the reverence of
refigion in England ; and the canonical strict-
nes, with the real prophanenes, or att the most,
but the lukewarmnes in the real part of religion
hath done somewhat on the other part.
One speaking concerning the presbyterians
says, they that will not acknowledge them sober
in their judgements, cannot denie them sober in
their conversations.
There are four causes of inflicting punish-

REV. JOHN WARD. 199
ment on offenders ; first, for the amendment of
offenders ; second, for example's sake, that
others may bee kept from offending ; third, for
the maintenance of authoritie and credit of the
person offended ; Seneca adds a fourth, Avhich
is this, that Avicked men being taken away, the
good may live in much better securitie.
Conscience usually speaks loudest when
men's mouths are speechles ; and as sores
paine most towards night, soe wounds in the
soul, towards men's deaths.
An ounce of mirth with the same degree of
grace, Avill serve God more, and more accept
ably, than a pound of sorrow.
In expounding Scriptures, when men's in
ventions outrun the spirit's intentions, their
swiftnes is not to bee praised, but their saucines
to bee punisht.
Let not the distemper of our bodies have
such an influence uppon our soules, as to cause
us to speak or think evil of thee and thy
ways.

200 DIARY OF THE
Though perfect love cast out tormenting fear,
yet perfect love cast in obeying fear.
Builders and writers, for the most part, spend
their monie and time in the purchase of reproof
from envious contemporaries, or self-conceited
posteritie. If God's handwriting on the wall made Bel-
shazzar tremble, Avhat will hee doe when hee
comes to hand striking ?
Some, instead of placing St. Peter in the
chair, and beleeving all hee sales, place St.
Thomas there, and believe nothing beyond their
understanding, as the Socinians and seekers.
As the children of Israel, when in the wilder
ness, God fed them with manna in an extraor-
dinarie and unheard of way, when in Canaan,
then by the mediation of nature ; so his church,
which was to encounter much diffiicultie in the
primitive time, he gave its members a more
than ordinarie share of his Spirit, to encounter
the difficulties they met Avith, but since in an
ordinary manner.

REV. JOHN WARD. £01
Cum de Deo loquimur, non loquimur quan
tum debemus, sed quantum possumus.
The wealth of a nation depends much on its
populousness, and its populousness depends
much uppon the hbertie of conscience that is
graunted in itt, for this calls in strangers, and
promotes trading.
Audi, vide, tace, si vis vivere in pace.
There is a generall rule to bee observd in
oaths, Deus ita juramenta accipit, ita is, cui ju-
ratur, intelligit.
Hee that being able, takes to himself libertie
of inquirie, is in the onfie Avay, in all kinds of
studies, that leads and fies open to the sanctu-
arie of truth. The old scepticks, that never
Avould professe they had found a truth, showed
yet the best way to search for any.
Libertie is sometimes taken in opposition to
monarchic ; as Tacitus, " urbem Romanam a
principio, reges habuere, hbertatem et consula-
tum, Junius Brutus constituit."
Warre is an appeal to heaven, Avhen justice
cannot bee had on earth.

202

DIARY OF THE

A notable text to prove that all children are
saved. Matt. 18. 14, "Even so itt is not the
AviU of your heavenly father, that one of these
little ones should perish."
Three things ingage a man rationally to anie
studie ; first, that the subject bee noble ;
second, that itt is a man's dutie to apply himself
to itt ; thirdly, that his proficiencie in itt AviU
bring him great advantage.
It is clear that the apostles of our Saviour
Avere tainted with the opinion of the Pythago
reans, that one soul might dwell successively in
severaU bodies, for else how could they reason
ably ask the question, " Master, who did sinne,
this man or his parents, that hee was borne
blind?" John 9. 2; for unles they conceivd
so, how could they think hee shoidd sinne be
fore hee was borne ?
One says thus, such as know how to speak,
seldom know how to hold their tongues.
It is said of Christ, visus est saepius flere,
ridere nunquam.
That Avhich is the work of man, is the

REV. JOHN WARD. 203
Avork of God too, seeing wee are his instru
ments. Yarronton sales, as the honestie of all go
vernments, so shall bee their riches ; and as
their honour, honestie, and riches, so avUI bee
their strength ; and as their honour, honestie,
riches, and strength, so Avill bee their trade ;
they are five sisters that goe hand in hand.
Tis an old saying, nunquam vidi continen-
tem, quem non vidi abstinentem.
The letter to the men of Shaftsburie charac
ters the clergie thus ; they are a sort of men
taught rather to obey than understand, and to
use what learning they have, to justifie, not to
examine what their superiors commaund.
Nemo confidat nimium secundis.
Nemo desperat meliora lapsus,
Miscet haec Ulis, prohibetque Clotho
Stare fortunam.
Some there are that affirme, that the soules
of beleevers doe not immediately injoy the pre
sence of God, after separation from the bodie ;

204 DIARY OF THE
tlfis argument seems to prove that they doe. If
the soules of beleevers are where the soul of
Christ is, then they are in heaven ; but they
are where the soul of Christ is, therefore they
are in heaven. Noav that the soul of Christ is
in heaven, none can denie, for his bodie is
there, and therefore his soul too ; and that the
saints are in the same place, appears by those
words of our Saviour, " This day shalt thou be
with me in Paradise," which shoAvs they are in
the same place Avith bun.
Crueltie and oppression, some think, hath
most been exercised under single government
and dominion.
Mowbray says, that the nonconformists, by
reason of their aAvakened principles^ are lookt
upon by the papists as greater enemies to them,
than the formal ordinarie protestants.
It is not said absolutely, that God rested from
all his works on the scA'enth day, but God rested
from all that hee had made before, and therefore,
tis no harme to think that hee worketh stil|.

REV. JOHN WARD. 205
Violent passions are fike an unruly horse
that runs away with a man, and stopps neither
at river nor precipice.
Whatever greatt thing a man proposes to
doe in his life, hee should doe itt before fifty
yeers of age, or not at all.
By the kingdom of God, so often mentioned
in Scripture, is only meant the commonwealth
of the Jews, instituted by the consent of those
who Avere to bee subject thereunto for their
civil government; one regulating their beha
vior towards God, their king, whom they re
jected and debased, when they demaunded a
king from Samuel.
Believing is but opinion, if the evidence bee
but probable, but if itt bee such that cannot be
questioned, then tis as certaine as knoAvledge ;
for wee are no less certaine that there is a great
toAA'ne called Constantinople, than that there is
one called London ; wee as little doubt that
Queen Elizabeth once reigned, as that King
Charles now reigns.

206 DIARY OF THE
Cruciger, a Germane divine, said, " Invoco te
Domine ! fide imbecilla, sed fide tamen."
Armies and treasures are not the support of a
people, but counsel and concord.
Charles the First could not attaine safetie
without armes, nor armes without pay, nor pay
Avithout taxes, nor taxes Avithout vexation, nor
vexation long without complaint.
The very heathen accounted religion their
chief interest, and therefore their saying was.
Pro aris et focis.
What the Council of Trent said in the busi
nes of religion, the same men doe practically
apply to other things, say they, suffer a refor
mation in anything, and it will take off all
reverence for the rest ; hoAV farre is the maxime
to bee considered in reforming anie facultie
whatsoever ?
If there bee any vertue, if any praise, whence
inferred that vertue may be praised, as suppose
at funeralls or the like.
It is a proverb, ot/Ssv erw^ eup^pijCTO v wg tJ ra^ig ;

REV. JOHN WARD. 207
nothing in the world is so profitable as
order. One said of a doctrine in a sermon, that itt
was just as iff a man should wear a suit which
was in fashion in Henry the Eighth's time.
There is not anything in the universe de
serves less to bee a member of itt, than a self-
seeking man, who, unconcernd for the publick
good, regards only Ids private interest. The
world unwillingly contributes to his main
tenance, and nature less abhors a vacuum, than
that anie place should bee filled with a subject
so emptie of desert.
When two duties meet in such a straight or
exigent of time that both cannot be performd,
that which in the judgment of the lawgiver is
the greatest ought to bee observd, and the lesser
to give place for the time.
T!ois 5rXe«rTo«5 suiroieiv, ea-r] Sew ofjuoiSa-Qai, to
doe good to many is to imitate God, and to bee
like him, whose goodness is diffusive.
The will, as itt is spirituall, signifies not any-

208 • DIARY OF THE
thing but the very understanding perfect or ripe
for action.
Quod nee relligio prsecipit, nee oritur a causis
naturalibus, superstitio est.
It is to mee, a distinction without a difference,
to separate and divide the laws of men from the
laws of God, if such laws of men are nt^t re
pugnant to the laws of God.
It is said of Herod's carriage toAvards Christ,
Prsetendit cultum, intendit cultrum.
Some there are that are antipaters, and count
the fathers but feathers, yet in some cases, will
needs lay claime to them.
To interpret Providence by Scripture is a fair
way ; but to expound Scripture according to
Providence, making every thing laAvful which is
successfull, is a Avrong way.
I doe not beleeve bishops to bee, jure divino ;
nay, I doe believe them to bee, jure humano ;
yet I doe not beleeve them to bee, injuria hu-
mana. It AA^as the saying of Nevisson, a lawyer, that

I I I I

REV. JOHN WARD. 209
no man could bee valiant, unles hee hazarded
his body, nor rich, unles hee hazarded his soul.
One speaking, though somewhat partialy,
said that prelacie first conveyd ittself into opi
nion, afterwards into conscience ; and ambition
coming in the rear, made itt become both bishop
and lord.
Archbishop Usher bowed not att the name of
Jesus, and wonderd that any man should con
clude itt from the 2 Phil., or that any of the
learned divines should say that the fathers were
generally of that judgement.
Iff there bee any true happines in knoAvledg,
itt is certainly in knoAvledg of the true hap
pines. The pumice-stone, though never so bigg, as
long as itts whole, will swim, but being broken,
itt presently sinks ; so the church, so long as
itt remains in unity, itt is safe ; butt being
divided, it is quickly destroyed.
There is a disease in infants, Avhen their heads
are too bigg for the rest of their bodie. This is
p

210 DIARY OF THE
a great disease among schollars ; they have a
great deal of head knowledg, but, alas ! what
little practice is there in their lives ! They mind
so much Jacob's staff, they forgett Jacob's ladder.
Many in the world who are the followers of
James and John, the sonnes of Zebedee, who,
being led with ambition, demaunded of Christ
that hee would graunt unto them the one to sitt
att his right hand, the other on his left, in his
kingdome. Many there are which are not of
the sonnes of Levi, but came to the priesthood
by mony, as did many of the priests in Jero
boam's time.
The HebrcAVS understand by the word God,
especially when itt is attributed to men, the
greatest perfection of most rare and excellent
vertues winch may possibly be found, that hee
that is honourd with this title, by reason of his
excellence, doth draAv neer unto the Divine
nature. They are likewise so calld, to shcAv
that the excellencie of the Spirit of God o-oes
along Avith their ministrie.

REV. JOHN WARD. 211
If men will bee outragious in sinne, why"
should not wee bee couragious for God ?
The more any man is in action, the less hee
is subject to temptation.
The memorie is a good help to form the
judgment, for so much the more as a man keeps
in his memorie, by so much the more ripe is his
judgment. Hee is fowly deceived that thinks to imitate
one that is singular, if hee bee not indowed
Avith the same gifts.
Believe itt, that iff conscience wiU not speak
sometimes, yet shee always Avrites.
The church of God is fike camoirull, the more
you tread itt, the more you spread itt.
Itt was good counsell that a rabbi gave to
his schollars, that they should always remember
the eye that saAV, the ear that heard, and the
hand that wrote down aU their actions.
Let us loose that which Avee cannot keep, that
wee may gain that which \ve cannot loose.
As Joshua trode uppon the necks of the five
p2

212 DIARY OF THE
kings, our Joshua, Christ Jesus, hath con
quered five kings for us, as sinne, Satan, death,
hell, and the grave.
Vain glory is the rust of vertue.
There are two sorts of persecutors, those that
dispraise us, and those that praise or flatter us.
Misery observes no oratory.
Hypocrisie is a true Pharisie, but grief is a
bad Scribe.
Cum diabolus Aoilnerat, Domini sunt sagittse.
Some call the twenty-third Psalm, King
David's bucolicon.
As the Egyptians bestoAV more time on their
tombs than on their bouses, so ought Avee to
spend more time m thinking of death, than
about our other affairs.
A man may be tempted, " quoad pugnam,"
by Satan ; but " quoad victoriam," only by
himself. Itt is a common opinion amongst men that
Simon Peter contended Avith Simon Magus.
The magician undertook to flye upp into the

REV. JOHN WARD. 213
air : the apostle so wrought by praier and fast
ing, that hee came tumbling downe, and brake
his neck.
Some things are of that nature that they may
bee both given and kept, as knowledg, vertue,
happines, and light.
Papistse asserunt, Christum esse mediatorem
redemptionis, autem minime intercessionis-
Asserunt enim posse esse remissionem culpse,
et retentionem culpse. Papistse asserunt nos
tantum roboris habere natura, ut ilHus vi prse-
parare nos ad gratiam, et arbitru hbertate,
dirigere nos ad bonum possimus.
The talmudists say that Adam had a wife
before Eve, of the name Lilis ; and of her, say
they, he begatt nothing but diveUs.
The apostles, though otherwise exactly setting
down other circumstances, yett have not set
down anything concerning the features or com
plexion of our Saviour, happily that no picture
might bee made of him.

214 DIARY OF THE
Tremendum istud Trinitatis mysterium, quod
credas tutius quam scias !
A souldier of Caesar's, asking him for some
thing, and hee denying him, " Ah," says the
souldier, " did I serve you soe at the battle of
Actium ?" Soe methinks Christ says to us,
when he bids us doe anything and wee Avill not,
" Did I serve you soe ? Did I shrink when I
was to lay down my fife for you ?"
In this world, the bad many times fare better
than the good. The Israelites make bricks,
and the Egyptians dwell in the houses. David
is in want, and Nabal abounds; yea, Zion be
comes Babylon's captive.
Active men, like millstones, iff they have no
other grist to grind, grind themselves, and sett
fire to one another.
The angells sent the women that came to the
sepulchre aAvay, Avith this answer, "Hee is
risen ; hee is not here ;'' and thereby did de-
hort them and us from burying our affections in

REV. JOHN WARD. 215
Christ's grave, but rather to seek him where hee
is to bee found.
English ministers may preach of hospitahty
to their parishioners ; but many of them are
nott able to goe to the extent of practicing their
doctrines. A resolution is a free custody, but a vow is
a kind of prison, which restraind nature hath
the more desire to break.
The Dutch proverb, cited by Luther, on the
third of Genesis was, that hee dies the divel's
martyr that brings himself into needles danger.
Hee that surprizeth truth Avith an ambush,
that is, hee that equivocateth, is as bad an
enemie as hee that fighteth against her in the
field with an open lie.
There is no opinion so monstrous, but, iff itt
hath had a mother, itt Avill have a nurse.
Innocency and independency make the bravest
spirits. In the time of the law, those fowles were ac
counted uncleane that Avould SAvimme in water

216 DIARY OF THE
and flic in air, as the cormorant and the bittern ;
so that heart that will wallow in the puddle of
iniquity, and yet pretend to soar aloft to God, is
an abomination to him.
If jealousie bee a fire in private persons, itt
is a wildfire in princes, who seldom raze out
those whom they have written in their black
bill. According to the Italian proverb, suspition
gives a passport to faith to sett itt packing.
A true historian should bee neither party,
advocate, nor judg, but a bare Avitnes.
A man may, for the most part, know a wicked
man by his language ; as itt was said of Peter,
so itt may bee said of every wicked man. Thou
art an alien from the commonwealth of Israel,
and thy speech bewrayeth thee.
God may say to hypocrites, as Isaack did to
Abraham, " Here is the wood and the altar ;"
some ceremonies, but Avhere are your hearts ?
The name of Puritane is properly the name
of the proud heresie of Novatus, or else of the

REV. JOHN WARD. 217
Anabaptists ; but is now become the honourable
nickname of the best of God's children.
What was Nazianzen's commendation of
Basil might bee Bolton's ; hee thunderd in his
life, and lightend in his conversation.
As Absalom's mule went away when his
head was fast in the great oak, and soe left him
hanging betwixt heaven and earth, so will
wealth and riches sei-ve us in the day of death,
if not before.
Mr. Bolton was askt by a friend on his death
bed Avhether hee Avould nott bee content to live,
if God Avould graunt him hfe ? " Truly," said
hee ; " I graunt that life is a great blessing
of God, neither will I neglect any means that
may preserve itt, and do heartily desire to sub
mit to God's will ; but I infinitely desire to bee
dissolvd, and to bee Avith Christ, which is best
of all."
If wee could compose Avords of thunder and
lightning, they would bee too weak to awaken
many stupid sinners.

218 DIARY OF THE
Many are dissolvd into idlenes and pleasure,
as though they were putt into the world as the
leviathan into the sea, only to play there.
The wisdome of the flesh is like ostrich wings,
Avhich help him to runne faster than others
uppon earth, but help him nott a whitt towards
heaven, nay, rather are a hindrance to him.
What created poAver canne possibly have
more force than the sacred sermons of the Sonne
of God, who spake as never man spake ; and
yett these dear intreaties and sweet invitations,
Avhich tenderly and Avillingly flowd from that
heart, which was resolvd to shed the inmost
blood for their sakes, mooved not the stif-necked
Jcavs. O Jerusalem ! Jerusalem !
Good men may differ in things indifferent,
Avithout prejudice of salvation, or inst cause of
breach of charitie.
Plant once the eye of faith in the face of the
soul, and itt will utterlie darken with its heaveuhe
brightnes, the eye of sense and reason, as the
sunne the lesser starres.

REV. JOHN WARD. 219
They that ambitiously seek office or honor,
doe, ipso facto, by thsrt very act, make them
selves unworthy of itt.
The King of heaven is not like the kings of
the Persians, in whose presence no mourners
Avere sufferd to come, butt only mourners are
admitted to the blessed presence of God.
Itt was Jewell's speech to one, who, meeting
him on a time, being iU, going to preach, ad-
visd him to return home for his health's sake.
This godly man said, " Oportet episcopum con-
cionantem mori."
Itt is no marveU if riches fill nott the soul,
for they were all made for man, and the soul for
God. Now whatsoever is capable of God, itt
canne never bee satisfied with anything else.
What need a man care what hurly-burfies
are Avithout, if that bird in his breast sing
sweetly ?
" Est qusedam prsecum omnipotentia," Luther
usd to say.
I never knew or heard of any, unwrought

220 DIARY OF THE
uppon by a conscionable ministry, who, after
recovery from sicknes, performd the vowes of
newnes of life made in a time of visitation.
God is the sunne ; our consciences are the
sunne-dials by which Avee must sett the clock of
our conversation-; our tongue must strike no
thing but what our conscience dictates.
A rotten-hearted hypocrite, hke rotten wood,
may shine in the dark ; but being brought to
the light, is discovered. Like gloAVworms, they
may shine in the dark.
God hath verbera as well as ubera; hee
canne punish as well as shcAve mercie, subito
toUitur, qui diu toleratur-
Quaere tibi uxorem quae sit pia, pulchra, pudica,
Provida, verborum pauca, et parere parata.
There is no certius indicium de Reipublicse
ruina than the contempt of religion.
Quod sibi quisque serit, praesentis tempore vitae.
Hoc sibi messis erit, cum dicitur, ite ! venite !
A true repentance must bee proportionable to

REV. JOHN WARD. 221
the fauh, with all its aggravations, and attended
with a sound reformation.
The just cause of a warre is reducible to these
three following heads : — 1 . That itt'bee under
taken for defence. 2. For recoverie of what
hath been taken away.^ 3. To punish for in
juries done.
God visits the iniquities of the fathers uppon
the children, first, AAdien children imitate the
sinnes of their fathers, as in committing idolatrie
and worshipping false gods ; or, secondly, when
they persist in their guilt, in keeping what to
their knowledg was gott by fraud or oppression ;
or, third, when they inherit estates with a curse,
for the injustice or extortion with which they
were raisd, though that injustice or extortion
bee unknowne to them ; in that case, the estate
may be found guiltie, though the owner bee
acquitted, and in diverse other cases too.
We restraine not the influences of God uppon
the soules of men : hee may by angels, or by
what way of notice hee pleases, signifie parti-

222 DIARY OF THE
cular messages to some persons ; but to claime
imediate inspiration now in conveighing, renew
ing, or expounding matters of religion, as the
Quakers doe, this is to bee detested. A man
may bee saved in such a refigion, when yet hee
is not saved by itt.
The word IxxXrjo-ia does not at all signifie
churchmen, but the laitie assembled together in
the congregation. Rev. ii. 1 ; and, therefore,
why the word church should bee applied to the
clergie, I know not.
Oaths and warres are never lawful, but Avhen
they are necessarie.
Although frost and fraud may last for aAvhile,
yet both have dirtie ends.
Hee that hath a Avill and a power to doe
hurt, rarely Avants some reasons for so doing.
We read of some that are drunk, but not
Avith wine, drunk Avith malice and revenge,
drencht with such furious passions, that, like
Etna, vomitt forth flame.
In promises that are evil, such a promise is

REV. JOHN WARD. 223
not to bee performd ; that of Joshuah to the
Gibeonites, and Jephthah's vow prove not the
contrary ; and the reason is, because conscience
binds not of itself, but by vertue of some affirma
tive or negative law ; now no laAV commands us
to persist in evil.
The multitude judg weakly, phansie strangly,
act passionatly.
There is this difference betwixt artificial and
natural engines, that the Author of nature is a
farre more excellent artist than men are, and
that hee hath known to apply such parts to
one another, as are much nimbler and sub-
tiler than those are, of AA'hich we compose our
engines. To shew a man's teeth, is to quote some rabby,
or vent some criticism, or such like thing.
Excuses are easily found out by such men as
want no wfil, and have no conscience.
There are pretences as thinne as soap bubbles,
and as brittle as glasse droppes.
Moderation is rather a speculative notion, than

224 DIARY OF THE
a matter of practice; like a fair lady, but poor,
which all will comend, but none marry.
There are two things Avhich doe wonders in
th^ world, and are ordinarie apologies for the
greatest exorbitances, daunger and necessitie;
and yet where they are real and not feigned,
they are considerd both by God and good men.
Let every man Avash his owne mouth before
hee prescribes gargarisms for others.
Some divines talk in these days, att the rate
as if they had a mind to mend the Gospel, rather
than to explaine itt.
Quos vita non dat, funus et cinis dabunt,
meaning of praises and comendations, such men
as cannot attaine them Avhilst alive, yett gett
them when they are dead.
Penances, absolutions, and papal indulgences,
as the Papists make use of them, are cheats to
make them no sinnes, which the Scripture says
are sinnes.
It is an easier thing to devest a man of the
principles of supernatural religion and revela-

REV. JOHN WARD. 225
tion, than to root out of him the principles of
natural religion. A man may bee sooner
brought to renounce the doctrines of faith, than
the measures of justice betwixt man and man.
The Lord hath given mee the tongue of the
learned, not to dispute controversies, tie and
untie knotts in divinitie ; no, but to speak a
Avord in season.
As itt Avas said of Lot, that hee was deliverd
out of Sodom, the Lord being merciful, so may
itt bee said of every man's deliverance from
sinne, itt is by the great, the meer mercie of
God. Quotations resemble sugar in wine, says one,
marring the natural taste ot the fiquor if good,
then of ittself, if bad. The more triviale and
drie the subject is you write uppon, the more
braines must bee alloAved for sauce.
One speaking of a man that does things
daungerous upon Aveak grounds, compares him
to one that goes over a river, Avithout any other
bridg than what is made by his owne shadoAv.
Q

226 DIARY OF THE
Satius est petere fontes, quam sectari rivulc
Mallem inscitiam meam prodendo, indo(
nomen, quam utilia celando, invidi crimi
subire. Post tres saepe dies, piscis Adlescit, et hospes
The Bishop of Armagh neither practisd n
approvd bowing att the name of Jesus.
The kingdoms of this world now suffer mo
violence than the kingdom of heaven.
Lyes, like flyes, flock every where ; ai
where they most smell the sweet of curiositi
there they take their stations.
AU good enterprizes ought to find assistan(
when begunne, applause Avhen they procee
and even pittie when they miscarrie.
True religion is bifilt uppon the rock ; tl
rest are tossed on the waves of time. ,^
Man's memorie is like the jettstone, Avhic
draws hairs to itt, but letts goe gold and othi
precious things. Wee treasure upp ti-ifles, ar
trifle away treasures.
Itt was spoken of Lott's Avife in reference i

REV. JOHN WARD. 227
her looking back, some say itt was for compas
sion towards her children. Says one, I cannot
blame her ; what, would you have her a stock
before shee was a stone ?
Wee poor men steal into our graves with no
greater noise than can bee made by a sprigg of
rosemary or a black ribband ; nobody takes
notice of the glowworm that creeps out of the
hedg bottom ; no comett or prodigie tolls us
the bell of our departure.
The good name of a man is like a Venice
glasse, which one dropp of poison will break ;
or like a sheet of fair paper, which one dropp
of ink will defile.
It is a saying of Tertullian, Christus est au-
ditu devorandus, intellectu ruminandus, fide
digerendus. One told a feUoAV Avho made many promises
but never performed anie, that sure hee was
borne in the land of promise.
Diamonds only canne cutt diamonds.
Some may say, if there are more condemned
q2

228 DIARY OF THE
than saved, is not the justice of God more am
plified than his mercie ? I answer, no ; for
this reason, because his mercie is greater than
itt might have been in saAdng some, and his
justice is less than itt might have been in nott
condemning all, for all had deserved damna
tion. The apostle prefers charitie before faith and
hope, because itt is a more universall and a
more abiding grace.
Truth is the breath of God, as the Greek
Avord akr^^siOL implyes.
So many are the wicked of the world, and so
few are the godly, that amongst auncient au
thors, vocabula multorum pro mails, paucorum
pro bonis, usitata sunt.
God will bee a tOAver to the righteous, nott so
to the wicked, unles as the tower of Siloam, to
fall upon them.
Blessed bee God, itt cannot bee said of us
and our election as itt was of the bodie of Elias,
that they sought itt but could not find itt.

REV. JOHN WARD. 229
God hath two seals ; his broad seal, which is
grace, and his privie seal, his spirit.
The saints of God are as dear to him as the
apple of his eye ; noAV before the eye bee hurt,
the doores, as itt were, Avhich shut itt upp in
safety, must bee violated, which teaches us that
God hath a defence for his people ; nay, he
teUs us that hee carries them uppon eagle's
AAdngs, so that the wings must bee shott ere
they bee hurt. So God himself must bee hurt
ere the saints are, which is impossible should
ever bee.
Some men have sluices in their consciences,
Avhich they canne open or shut at pleasure.
Hee that is branded Avith anie hainious crime,
Avhen the wound is cured, his credit Avill bee
killed with the scar re.
Those mercies which Avee obtain by prayer,
wee must keep by praises.
Some errors in their train are worse than in
themselves, which as the draggon in the Reve
lations, drew down the third part of the starres

230 DIARY OF THE
of heaven with his tail; by their bad conse
quences pervert other parts of refigion.
Confession on the rack is nothing, because
men in pain will confess anything.
Because the soul without the assistance of
the bodie canne either sinne or serve God, itt is
therefore but reasonable that itt should either
suffer pain or enjoy bfiss, whilst the body is in
the grave.
I hear the dreadfuU and shriU sound of the
archangel's trump ; — arise, ye dead, and come
to judgement I
Itt was the saying of a reverend man, whenne
sinne lyes heavy the cross lyes light and con-
trarily, that heart is fike to bee most lightsome in
a storm, which hath been most holy in a calme.
The pangs of death are often less than that
of the toothach.
CarnaU joy is short, butt like the crackfing
of thorns under the pot.
Spirituall joy is like the fire on the altar, itt
hath ever something to feed uppon.

REV. JOHN WARD. 231
The philosopher could say, that as the eyes of
the owle are to the light of the sunne, so is the
sharpest eye of the most pregnant witt to the
mysteries of nature or of grace.
Satan sometimes opposes the church by
force, and then hee is a piercing serpent, some
times by craft, and then hee is a crooked ser
pent ; vel leonem agit, et ssevit, vel draconem,
et fallit.Some write of the asp, that hee never wan
ders alone without his companions.
Non toUatur peccatum, nisi restituatur abla-
tum. The three orient rays of the pearl of price
kept in the cabinet of a good conscience, are
righteousness, peace, joy in the Holy Ghost.
Hee that entertaines any sinne delightfuUy,
itt leavens alle the whole lump, all his thoughts,
desires, affections, all the words and actions of
the man of all sorts, whether naturall, civill,
recreative, or religious ; itt doth not qnly un-
halloAv his meat, drink, carriage, his buying,

232 DIARY OF THE
selling, giving, lending, yea, his plowing is
sinne. The old world was so solid with sinne, that,
if I may so speak, God was pleased to lay itt
a soaking. Qui habet multum terrse, habet multum
guerrse. Some men take credulitie for faith, some take
blind zeal for itt, others take opinion for faith.
Natural sons are usualy turbulent as Ismael
Avas. A man is not better knowne by his face than
by his Avriting, if hee draws his discourse out of
his own braine, and is not a book botcher.
God may be said to bee actor in malo, non
actor mail.
The gospel and volume of our Christianitie
was not forcibly thrust uppon us, but gently
put into our hands uppon our ovrne good liking,
by persuasion of miracles and Avords of peace.
The best belief is that Avhich is not over for
ward, nor over froward.

REV. JOHN WARD. 233
Wee never read of any miracles done by
Christ respecting honour and wealth, besids
that one when tribute was to bee given to
Csesar, but only respecting the body of man, or
to preserve, sustaine, or cure itt.
One says, and tis a Avise saying, that tis better
to want some truths in the church, than to have
no peace.
Divines observe, that whereas upon Samuel's
exhortation the people made but imperfect
Avork in reformation, therefore God did onlie
beginne their deliverance by Samuel, but left
scattered Philistins unsubdued, who afterAvards
made head, and proved a sore scourge to the
children of Israel ; but in David's reigne, Avhen
there was a full reformation, then did the Lord
give to his people full deliverance.
Virtue and fortune use for the most part to
disagree. St. Paul was certainly at Rome, and more
likely of the two, to bee bishop there than Peter.
The pope rather succeeds Simon Magus than
Simon Peter.

234 DIARY OF THE
Hee that would not repent quickly must not
resolve sudainly.
The popish doctrine of probabifitie and di
recting the intention are mightie helps to their
cause ; their doctrine of probabifitie is this, iff
a thing seemes probable to mee, if I doe itt, itt
is no sinne in mee, and if I have the opinion of
one or two priests, of whom I have a good
opinion for their abilities, which tell mee that I
may doe itt when itt is probable to mee, then I
may doe itt laAAHfuUy. As to directing the in
tention, the papists maintaine, that if an action
bee never so Avicked, yet if a man doe itt with a
good intention, tis no sinne to him. They say
the intention regulates the action, and if the in
tention is good, the action canot be bad, — as if
one destroy hereticks, iff itt bee to propagate
the catholick faith, tis, they say, no sinne.
Bees are sometimes di-OAATied in their OAATie
honie, so is some men's logick in their
rhetorick.

REV. JOHN WARD.' 235

MEDICINE, SURGERY, &c.

I WAS at St. Thomas's Hospital, in SouthAverk,
the 14th Feb., 1661. The porter told mee that
Mr. Holyard cutt 30 of the stone one year, and
all lived ; and afterwards cutt four, and they all
died. Wounds of the bodie are more difficultly
cured Avhen the air is corrupt, as appeared at
Wallingford, in the time of the late warre,
Avhere, because the air was infected, allmost all
Avounds were mortall.
Dr. Burnet's child, Obadiah, Avas cured of a
ruptm'e only by lying in bed.
Whether or not the ventricles of the braine
bee not the common receptacles to conveigh the
humour out of itt, as the intestines are to the

236 DIARY OF THE
other parts ; the braine being a fungous sub
stance, abounding so much with water, must
needs have a ditch or sink to conveigh itt away,
as wee make ditches to draine bogges.
Take the emetick qualitie from antimonie,
and the narcotick from opium, and what canne
they not doe ?
I gave my strong diaphoretick to Goodie
Roberts in the smallpox, and though shee
sweat strongly a day and a half uppon itt, yet
shee had the pox come kindly out uppon her
and so recovered ; so that in short, I think dia-
phoreticks canne doe no hurt in feav'burs, —
practice itt constantly.
Dr. Sabel of W^arAvick gave a drachm of
diaphoretick antimonie, as Mr. Jones told mee ;
hee saw itt att INIr. Eedes his shop ; hee told
him of itt, and hee said hee usd to give soe, and
no lesse would doe.
Full-chested people are long a dying, as \A'as
observd in Mr. Bellamie ; those are full chested
whose breasts are not narrow, and Avliose breast

REV. JOHN WARD. 237
bone stands out abundantly; and such people
as they are long in dying, so are they long ere
they come to die.
Jejunes, vigiles, sitias, si rheumata cures.
You doe nothing in the plague unles you
sweat twice a-day, and when the malignitie is
collected into one bubo, the best way is to pultis
and ripen itt, that itt may break and so dissolve
itt. The late famous Dr. Wright was educated
under Dr. Ffox, and was the first physitian that
dissected att the college, which before his time
had ever made use of chyrurgeons in their pub
lick theatres.
Frequem crinium decurtatio ad acuendum
Aasum confert. Pedicnfi tres vel quatuor in ovo
sorbin sumpti sunt remedium in ictero, si
Zacuto credendum, sed illud remedium est sor-
didissimum. We anatomized a dog, Sep. 14, 1660,
observd little, only one lobe of the liver grew to
the right kidney by a membrane. Stephen

238

DIARY OF THE

Toon observd itt. Then whether itt Avas pos
sible to squeeze choler out of the bladder of
gall up into the stomach ; wee tried and
effected itt ; this may indeed be the true cause
of many diseases.
I searched thirty-four skulls, or thereabouts,
and of them all I found but four which had the
suture downe the forehead to the very nose ;
another which seemed to have a squamiforme
suture uppon the vertex, which I admird very
much att.
Mr. Greatrakes* usd no means with any only
* The success of Mr. Greatrakes was doubtless owing to his
rejection of tents and plaisters, being aware of their prejudicial
effects. He was no enthusiastic believer in occult influences,
as Sir Kenelm Digby, who is justly considered by Mr. AVard
" a great empyrick." The fame of Greatrakes is solely attri
butable to his having the good sense to allow nature to fulfil
her own intentions without interruption or opposition by ill
directed and injurious expedients. The partial success of
homoeopathy and infinitesimal doses in this and other countries
may be justly attributed to the same cause. Nature is ever at
work for the removal or mitigation of diseases, and in re
storing parts injured ; if left to herself, she is in many cases
fully adequate to the task.

REV. JOHN WARD. 239
one man whose knee Avas poisond as hee said ;
hee bid him use some sweet oU to itt; hee
made them cast away their tents and plaisters
and every thing else, and apply only a cleane
linnen cloth. News of Mr. Greatrakes his
coming to the Lady Conway's was either on
the 29th or 30th of Januarie, 1665 ; young
Mr. Woolmer gone and Mr. Alderman Cole.
Mr. Cornish's child died of hydrocephale,
and all the skull of itt was as thinne as a shil
ling, you might bruise itt with your finger like
a piece of sattine. There was about a pint of
cleer water in the head, itt was much troubled
with headach, but the first cause of all was the
rickets. Two vesicatories Avere applied to the
scapula a day before his death, and by the cloths
that were wet,' itt was guessd a pint of moisture
might come forth.
I have heard of a wench that had the falling
sicknes many yeers; sometimes three, four, or
five times in a day, yet when shee was askt
in the church, her fitts immediately left her.

240

DIARY OF THE

I heard this at Higham, in Northampton
shire. Venenum pestilens est congeries minimaruni
animalcularum per aerem volitantium, quse cor
pora humaua per respirationem aut poros sub-
euntes, eorum partes corrodunt et corrumpunt,
ex iisque ad alia corpora volitantes, seu ad alia
quocunque modo delatse, et quasi contagio pro-
pagatse, etiam ilia inficiunt, corrodunt, corrum
punt, sicut priora, e quibus evenei-unt.
Mrs. Doolittle, of Washperton, spitt out
stones out of her lungues in the time of her
sicknes ; I am promisd the sight of some by her
husband. Supra foenum cubare noxium multis fecit,
non solum in peste, sed etiam in aliis morbis.
Dr. Lower hath found out, as I hear, the
forme of a launcet AA'hich shall secure the per
son from touching an arterie, itt being flat on
one side, that is toAvard the arme.
In the plague itt Avas observd that fatt people
catcht it sooner, but lean people dyed tAvo for

REV. JOHN WARD. 241
one ; the plague preyed uppon their fat as they
thought. Dr. Wharton said all people that died
in the plague, dyed of the plague ; — that hee
opend one that had no tokens nor sores, yet was
full of tokens about the heart. When the
tokens only appear, and not a bubo, itt is less
infectious. The plague ordinarily beginns AAdth
vomiting ; there are in itt bubos, which appear
in the emunctories; carbuncles, which come
anyAvhere ; the blanes, which are things like
blysters, and the tokens, which are spotts of a
bright flaming red colour.
A quartan ague curd by taking some mus
tard, made with verjuice very sharp and some-
Avhatt thick, and spread uppon a linnen cloth,
the breadth of one's hand, and laid round a
man's middle, just as the cold fitt comes
on; itt is somewhat painful and will raise
Avhurtles. Fjeminse sunt medicorum tubae.
Felix est, qui habet alvum fluidam.
Dr. Sydenham is Avriting a book which Avill
R

242

DIARY OF THE

bring physitians about his ears, to decrie the
usefulness of natural philosophic, and to main
taine the necessitie of knowledg in anatomic in
subordination to physick.
Physick, says Sydenham, is not lo bee learned
by going to universities, but hee is for taking
apprentices ; and says one had as good send a
man to Oxford to learn shoemaking as practic
ing physick.
The way to preserve life, said Democritus,
was to use honey within and oil without ; and
Athenseus Avrites, that the Cyprians, and men
of Corsica, are therefore long-fived, because
they use honey.
Fernelius attributes great virtue to chai-ms
and amulets.
One affirmed he Avas cured by these words :
" Sancte Petre, ut pauperem stultum persanare
digneris !"
The foot of a tortoise, the liver of a mole, and
the dung of an elephant, are such strange and
monstrous trash, that they seem rather to savour

REV. JOHN WARD. 243
of Chaldsean charms, than of any curious or solid
science. Some have said that physick is no art at all,
nor worthy of the name of a liberall science, as
Peter and Canonherius, a practitioner at Rome,
endeavoured to prove by sixteen arguments.
Since the fomes of the disease in feavour does
not consist in plethoric, but in cacochymia, what
reason cann there be why blood should bee let,
unles itt can bee supposed that only the corrupt
blood comes forth ; for if an equal part of one
comes forth Avith the other, it will not hold for
phlebotomie. A kind of itch came out very strangely after
the small-pox uppon some ; whether itt might
not bee only the residue of the humour Avhich
was not perfectly cast out.
Dr. Sabel, of WarAvick, gave a drachm of
diaphoretick antimonie.
A wench, about eighteen, came to mee. April
the 25, 1665 ; shee had a great sAvelling iu her
bellie, which came after an ague att first, but
R 2

244 DIARY OF THE
since comes usually twice a-yeer, and itt runs at
last at the navel, and hath done so this three
years, a gallon at a time and more : quaere, what
is the best way of cure in such a case ?
The ten leapers praid aloud in trouble, but
they being once cured, nine in ten are as mute
as fishes ; so itt is with physitians' patients, they
promise fair till they are cured, but then never
so much as come back and thank you.
When a disease begins in the head, and after
wards deafnes comes on, Avhether itt is not a
signe of the terminating of the disease ?
Whether, if the face were coverd in the
small-pox, it would pit or not, since no other
part of the bodie that is coverd does pitt.
A cancer in ]\Irs. Townsend's breast, of Al-
verston, taken off by two surgeons ; one's name
was 'Clerk, of Bridgnorth, another's name Avas
Leach, of Sturbridg. First they cutt the skin
cross and laid itt back, then they workt their
hands in ytt, one above and the other beloAv,
and so till their hands mett, and so brought itt

REV. JOHN WARD. 245
out. They had their needles and Avaxt thread
ready, but never ust them ; and allso their cau
terizing irons, but they used them not : she lost
not above |vi. (six ounces) of blood in all.
Dr. Needham coming too late, staid next day to
see it opened. Hee said itt was a melliceris,
and not a perfect cancer ; but itt would have
been one quickly. There came out a gush of a
great quantitie of waterish substance, as much
as would fill a flaggon ; when they had done,
they cutt off, one one bitt, another another,
and putt in a glass of wine and some fint, and
so let itt alone till the next day ; then they
opend itt again, and injected myrrhe, aloes, and
such things as resisted putrefaction, and so
bound itt upp againe.
Every time they dresst itt, they cutt off some
thing of the cancer that was left behind ; the
chyrurgions Avere for applying a caustick, but
Dr. Needham said no, not tiU the last, since
shee could endure the knife. They prepard her
bodie somewhat, and let her blood the day be-

246 DIARY OF THE
fore. One of the chyrurgeons told her after
wards, that shee had endured soe much, that hee
would have lost his life ere hee would have
sufferd the fike ; and the Dr. said hee had read
that women Avould endure more than men, but
did not beleeve itt till now. The way how and
where itt should bee cutt was markt with ink
by one Dr. Edwards, who lives at Bridgnorth,
Mrs. Townsend likt him very well ; hee said iff
they could prevent a gangrene there was little
fear, iff shee fell not into a feavour.
1666. Mrs. Townsend, of Alverston, being
dead of a cancer, Mr. Eedes and I opened her
breast in the outAvard part, and found itt very
cancrous ; itt had been broken, and a meUice-
rous part Avas yet remaining when wee saAv itt,
which being launct, yielded two porringers full
of a very yellow substance, AA'hich came out
plentifully out of the cavities of the breast. The
flesh that Avas groAvne againe, after part was
taken out, Avas of a hard gristly substance, which
seemed very strange. The ribbs Avere not

REV. JOHN WARD. 247
putrefied as wee could discerne, nor anything
within the breast of a cancrous nature, for wee
runne the knife withinside the breast through
the intercostal muscles. Dr. Needham hath
affirmed that a cancer is as much within as
without the breast, and hee hath seen a string,
as I Avas told, going from the breast to the
uterus. I suppose itt was the mammillarie
veins full of knotts which were cancrous, and
hung much like ropes of onions. The cancer
was a strange one, as was evident ; wee wanted
spunges and other things convenient, or else
Avee had opened the cavitie of the breast
The small-pox came out strangely at Strat
ford in the year 1664. Mr. Watts his maid
had them as thick on her hands and face as
could bee ; then shee went to wash her hands
at the pump and catched cold, and they struck
in againe and shee was very sick, yet they never
came out againe, only some few on her breast :
it is marvellouse to mee how it could bee.
Mr. Hammond died Sept. 16, 1664, of the

248 DIARY OF THE
cholick. Wee used only a clyster, but did
nothing ; I wished and advisd cupping-glasses.
There is not a more excellent balme for a
burne than spirit of salt, in a moderate quan
titie of water.
A woman in Stratford, one Goodie Tomlins,
had an asthma extremely bad ; at last shee bled
much fresh blood, which probably came from
the lungues by its freshnes ; her asthma ceased
much, Avhether itt was an imposthume, or the
opening of a veine by erosion, I knoAv not. I
gave her LucateUa's balsam . Mark what comes
of itt.
Three spoonfuls of the juice of stinging
nettles in posset drink, Tvith three mornings in
termission, is a certain cure for the stone.
Dr. Elyot gave one a purge, and itt made
him loose ever after till hee died.
Mr. Dun, of Barford, was a hot constituted
man ; hee could not sleep without opium, and
hath taken six or eight grains by times in the
night, and yet not slept soundly.

REV. JOHN WARD. 249
Sir Charles Lee affirmed that Sir Edward
Alston told him that Sir Harbottle Grimston
had the piles so very much, that hee Avould
bleed a pint together att a time at the haemor
rhoids, and cured perfectly by an issue. This
Sir Charles Lee had from his OAvne mouth.
Hee told Sir Charles that if hee took tobacco,
hee needed not an issue. Remember to trie an
issue in this case, I mean in reference to the
piles, Avhether it is a certain Avay of cure or
no. A woman. Goodie Southerne, in great paine
in her hips and thighs by a fitt of the stone,
and vomitted much; the reason of the vomiting
in the stone is by reason of the connexion of
the reins Avith the stomach, by the common
membrane borrowed from the peritoneum, and
likewise by a nerve of the sixth conjugation,
two branches whereof are brought from the
stomach, and inserted into the inner tunick of
the kidneys.
There is no physick against old age.

250 DIARY OF THE
Watson, parson of Sutton Colefield, in Staf
fordshire, hath an extraordinarie way of curing
dropsies by the help of pills and a dyet drink.
Hee hath likewise a kind of ointment, made, as
is supposd, of tarre and the basting of a shoul
der of mutton, and of soot, they tell me, or
some such thing, and this cures anie sore pre
sently. Cannot you use a loving violence ? That ex
pression was Phipps his, of giving nature a fillip.
Hee used dyet drinks of sarsa and guaiacum in
stew pots. He used in desperate cases to give
many cordials ; and Avhen hee gave any thing
that Avas desperate say, ' With itt they may die,
but Avithout itt they Avill die.'
When one was poisoned at Coventrie, hee
Avas taken upp out of his grave ; but as the
apothecarie said the earth would keep him from
sweUing, so that no judgment could bee made
thereby; but being opened, they found the
poison in his stomach. Mrs. Hammond told
mee this storie, that her father found itt.

REV. JOHN WARD. 25]
Paintings in a feavour, or after letting blood,
are daungerous. Mr. Waulford thrice let
blood, and dead. Stitches hee was much trou
bled with. Have a care of too much phlebo
tomie ; rather goe by strong sweats.
The usual practice of London is, if a feavour
appears, especially having any malignant signes,
presently to blistering plaisters, and plaisters to
the feet, and, itt may bee, sudorificks.
Mr. Stall told mee that Dr. Dickenson told
him, that hee spent every year in chymistrie a
hundred pounds, and that hee had a hundred
pound for one medicament. The storie Avas as
followeth : — There was a gentleman that was
apoplectickaly distempered in his head, and was
fallen speechles, and Dr. Dickenson was sent
for ; but itt seems the gentleman had not made
his will, but his friends were desirous that hee
should : well, the doctor gave him some tinc-
tura lunse, with some other things, and recovered
him so farre that hee spake againe, and had his
senses, and made his Avill ; and the first thing

252 DIARY OF THE
which hee gave in his will was a hundred
pounds to the Dr. ; but after hee died, as the
doctor did prognosticate.
Tinctura lunse looks blew. The luna, or re
fined silver of which itt is made, is six shillings
an ounce.
The auncients have writt their hippiatria and
veterinaria, and why should not wee in these
days collect the experiments of old women and
farriers as well as they did formerly.
Physicians make blood-letting but as a pro
logue to the play.
The great daunger of small-pox is not when
they come out, but Avhen they begin to die.
It is an ordinarie thing to have conAoilsions
goe before the eruption of small pox, as in Mr.
Tyler's son, IMr. Tant's boy.
1665. The smaU-pox this year doe ordinarily
rise twice ; some new ones came out after the
others are almost ripe, as in Mr. ToAvnsend,
Mrs. Watts, and severail others, yet I have ob
servd not any to die of them, uppon Avhom they

REV. JOHN WARD. 253
have so come out. Whether nature's disbur-
thening herself after this manner, partitis vici-
bus, does not make it more safe? Whereas
were the eruption aU together, itt might bee
more oppressive to nature, and consequently
more daungerous.
Mr. Swanne told mee a storie of the expe
rience they had in feavours, in letting their men
doe what they would ; their chyrurgions did
keep them to a strict dyet, as broaths and the
like, in feavours, and they all died; after, by
permitting them to eat what they pleased in
moderation, they lost not a man, which argues
the methodical doctors to bee infinitely out in
their pretended way of cure.
For phlebotomie, a faire and clear day, not
at new moon, nor moon att the full. All such
as have weak stomachs, or Avho are wrought
uppon or opprest by a diarrhoea, or loosenes of
the bellie, or who have undergon some indiges
tion, ought not to bee blooded, nor women Avith
child, especially in the first and last months, and

254 DIARY OF THE
also such as live in too hot or too cold a climate
and are of a cold phlegmatick constitution.
One makes the headach affecting the me
ninges of the braine, and the toothach in the
roots of the teeth, the same Avith gout.
A yeer is long enough to give suck to a child,
itt being ordained by nature no longer than the
child is Aveak, and cannot digest anything else.
Itt Avas the opinion of Dr. Read and some
other good anatomists, that the share bones doe
part ; but itt is false.
Such as are apt to sweat are not often trou
bled Avith feavours, in regard that itt evaporates
the sootie vapours Avhich cause them.
The inch dyet, wherein Avee eat by drammes
and drink by spoonfuls, more perplexeth the
mind than cureth the bodie, engendering a
jealousie over every meat, suspition on CA^ery
quantitie, dread, fear, and terror on every pro
portion, bereaving the head of quietnes, the
heart of securitie, and the stomach, consequently,
of good concoction.

REV. JOHN WARD. 255
Frogs and serpents canne lesse five in Ireland,
foxes in Crete, stagges in Africa, horses in
Ithaca, and fishes in warme water, than the
heart of man abide Avith impure smels, or five
long in infected air.
Fat things decay appetite, cause wretchings,
loathing, scowrings, vomitings, choaketh the
pores, digests hardly, nourishes sparingly.
Midwives say that itt is good for a woman,
after seven months, to walk much, pretending
that itt facilitates birth.
Children that have Avormes are troubled with
a feavour and grow leane, their appetite failes
them and they start in their sleep ; they have a
drie cough and a stinking breath, an ill colour
in their faces ; they often rubb their noses : iff
they have little wormes, they have a desire often
to goe to stool.
The narcotick and sulphurous vapour hath
lieen observed, as exhaled from wort, to have
killed many, the room being close where the
beer was Avorking, by driving them into apo-

256 DIARY OF THE
plexies, which arise from putrid exhalations and
vapours sent for from this bodie. Capt. Short's
grave. All acid things resist putrefaction, and are
very good in all malignant distempers.
Flesh must, in feavours, bee given very
sparingly, and thatt allso Avhich is light and
easie of digestion, as larks, chickens, and the
like. Mathias Carnax affirmes that hee hath found
many ulcers and apostems iu the heart ; aUso
Alexius Psedomontanus.
In this new disease, many men were taken
Avith diarrhoea, some with sweating, some AAdth
vomiting in the beginning, small appearance in
the urine ; it conunonly clokes ittself under the
ague, so much the more daungerous. Witliin
these eight or nine years there happened the
like in Southwark, which did in King James's
time, which Bacon mentions as killing the
judges by the scent of the prisoners ; one speedie
Avay to bring the plague. Nature, assisted AAdth

REV. JOHN WARD. 257
an easie vomitt, is much relievd in the new dis
ease, in case the stomach bee distemperd, as
commonly itt is.
Medicamenta purgantia, aut semipurgantia,
ante diem decimam quartam exhibita, multos in
ruinam agunt, conturbatis et exagitatis humo-
ribus. In the year 1632, such as were let blood
generally died ; such as had cordials generally
did well.
There Avas a physician, of whom Charleton
speaks, who prescribed his patient a thing im
possible, that is, a dose of the grand elixir in
the yolke of a phoenix egge.
Life is a continual accension of vitall spirits
out of the blood, Avhich is the pabulum of the
lamp of life.
Nutrition consisteth in a restitution of Avhat
is consumed, by an apposition or assimilation of
congenerous matter.
A storie told mee by Smith, the surgeon,
s

258 DIARY OF THE
Avhich Avas this :— A child, which Dr. Stevens
dissected, had, as they supposed, a nothum
hepar, or something of a great bignes adhering
to the concave part of the liver, but uppon
searching, itt was found to bee nothing but the
outAvard tunicle of the kidney thrust forwards,
extended so farre, and filled with Avater. The
child died because itt could not discbarge itts
urine. A stone was found filling up the pelvis
of the kidney, and with a sharp point stopping
the point of the kidney. He told mee aUso of a
child that was borne Avithout the uvula, or
tonsillse, but a great passage upp the nose from
the mouth, so that one might allmost see out of
one into the other : itt could not suck, but all
came out of the nose againe, unless itt lay
backAvards. Kircher was in Rome in the time of the great
plague that Avas there, and letting severail
blood, after the blood had settled a little, by
the helj) of a microscope, he perceived divers

REV. JOHN WARD. 259
little small animals in itt, intimating that putre
faction cannot long bee without the generation
of a new 'matter.
Est axioma traditum, qui semel quartanam
vicerit, hie tota deinde vita ab ea immunis
erit. A fellow is at Cambridge which cures agues
by injecting somewhat into the veins, as Mr.
Wren did into the veins of a dog.
A man coming out of a bed, by chance jolt
ing on his bare bodie, fell down by the side of
the bed ; a nedle runne uppe his breech just
by his anus. Hee sent for a surgeon of Abyng-
don to pull itt out, and hee, catching hold of itt
with his forceps, but not being able to hold itt,
lett it slip ; and afterwards attempting itt, hee
thrust itt in further in the cuticula. After
Avhich Mr. Smith, an Oxford chirurgeon, was
sent for ; but the fellow had made an incision,
and cutt the hoemorrhoidal , veins, which bled
abundantly ; at which the fellow, being dis
couraged, thrcAV away his instruments and runne
s2

260 DIARY OF THE
away, leaving him bleeding : they got a woman
in the town to dresse him. Smith coming,
could see no signe, but went and made a great
incision, two inches deep, in the membrana adi-
posa, and thrust in his finger, and turnd itt
about and felt itt ; then getting an instrument
under the nedle, drew itt out cleerly, and gave
itt to the fellow : Avhen hee saw itt, he took him
in his arms and kissed him, and made exceeding
much of itt. Hee made not his incision be
twixt the nedle and the anus, as did the other
fellow, but on the outside, and so no danger of
the sphincter.
A woman eating much salt when shee is Avith
child bringeth forth a child without nailes.
My Lord of Kensington died of the small
pox, and after his head was opened, they found
abundance of blood in his braine.
Justice Farmer, of Daintry, now is much
troubled with stone. Hee sent for Day or his
man to cut bun. Hee hath a Avhole box of
stones, which hee hath kept by him, which at

REV. JOHN WARD. 261
Severail times times were voided by him. June
27, 1659.
Dubia salus certa desperatione potior.
I saw Mr. Gwinne, of our house, dissected,
but could perceive nothing in him that might
cause his death ; his spleen was somewhat flaccid,
so was his heart, and one of his kidneys ; but
his lungs had some kind of schirrhus in them,
and in those schirrhi, a sabulous kind of matter,
but that could not kill him. They pretended
hee had a contusion of the liver, in regard
that the concavitie of itt Avas a little stained ;
but possibly itt was notlfing but the settling of
the blood Avhen death came. There was a
membrane coming from his side to his lungs,
Avhich some ignorant people would have inter
preted a growing of the lungs to the side ; but
Mr. Boglull said hee had seen itt severail times
in sound men that were opened. His heart was
exceeding large, allmost as large as the heart of
an ox, but not perisht att all.
Dr. Cotta, sometime physician in Northamp-

262 DIARY OF THE
ton, states a strange thing. A gentleman, his
patient, had his pulse very weU on one hand,
and none on another : on the side whereon hee
had no pulse, yet had hee sense, and motion,
and every thing that argued life and vigor. He
continued thus twelve or fourteen days, and was
only troubled with a cough and shortness of
wind. Some thought itt was onlie an imper-
ceptibifitie of the pulse, and Avithout any daun
ger, by reason of some deep woundes received
ten yeers before, in the warres, on the side ; but
hee died of itt, according as Dr. Cotta had pre
dicted the daunger.
Dr. Bates is by some thought to bee incon-
siderat in his practice : itts said hee hath killd
two ladies, my Lord of Bedford's little daugh
ter and my Lady Watton. Hee Avould needs
give her a vomit : now when hee had prsescribed
itt, hee sent itt to the apothecaries to bee made.
Hee refused, sajing, hee had been so niuch be
holding to her ladyship, that hee durst not give
itt her. Bates Avas very angry, and told her hee

REV. JOHN WARD. 263
would bring itt the next day, and stay the
working of itt ; but before itt had done working,
shee departed this life. This Mr. Free told
mee from Mr. Lypiat.
I think itt would bee an excellent Avay for
physicians to make up all their physick in troches.
Mr. Lovel said hee made upp some with mer
curius dulcis and resine of jalap, for wormes.
Schirrhus mesenterii ita arctat glandulas, et
commeatum intercludit, ut necessario sequitur
cibi defectus, et sic corpus, penuria confectum,
contabescit. Natura cum critice agit, agit ex concilio, sic
natura expellit putredinem concoctum ex vasi-
bus, sine sanguine, uti patet in diarrhoea, et
sudoribus criticis.
In morte animalium, prius desinit cor pulsare,
quam arterise, et primo desinit pulsare sinister
ventriculus, deinde ejus auricula, dein dexter
ventriculus, et ultimo, vit^ recedente, dexter
cordis auricula pulsat.
Itt is better to cutt a vessel, than toAVound or

264 DIARY OF THE
prick itt, as suppose an arterie, for then, if the
blood canne be staid, itt is not daungerous.
The most daunger is in a tendon, which com
municates to and with a muscle.
Some Avill in the small-pox let blood, and bee
very busie, especially before they come out,
thinking either to hinder fermentation, or dimi
nish the morbifick matter ; but I daily see itt is
Avith ill success ; nature is disturbd and debili
tated in itts operations, and the patient dying,
as is easily observd in rich persons, Avho are
much tamperd with by clysters and other of the
physician's conceits.
People talk of growing out of diseases, and
that very truly ; but Avhence canne itt proceed
but from an alteration of the masse of blood
Avhich is made by age.
Men most commonly have the small-pox most
on the face, the hands, and the feet, Avhich are
not covered parts. Itt is a saying, that if one
have them much on the soles of the feet, hee
Avill have them no more. It is a good siene

REV. JOHN WARD. 265
Avhen they come out avcU, and rise and fiUe
Avhite in the middle, and the feavour somewhat
abates, and nature gets some strength, and is
not troubled Avith faintings and lypothymias,
which signifie very much. It is usual in the
smaU-pox for people to alter in half an hour, to
bee very well, and all on a sudden to turne ; so
says Dr. Lamphire, and so was evident in a
plaisterer's of Mr. Toon's, Avho lodged at Samuel
Pocock's. If a physician comes in unto a patient, let
him take care that hee comes not near the fire,
which drawes the infection.
* A AVoman in London, Dr. Drake's wife, had
the chlorosis after she had five children.
Four things make a practical physician ;
first, to have a materia medica in his head ;
second, pertinently to prescribe ; third, exactly
to judge of the disease ; fourth, to have good
prognosticks ; the last is for his credit chiefly.
Gill told mee of a Avoman that had an apos-
theme about the side, and his master intended

266 DIARY ©F THE
to trepan her on one of the ribs ; whether it
canne be : — I suspected itt to be a ly.
Ad tabem asthmaticam, fonticulus vel vesi-
catorium sub axillis excitatus mire prodest.
A plaister of opium laid to each temple of a
person very sick of a frenzie, and itt made him
sleep five or six hours, and served him very
AveU, and then hee Avas to bee lett blood in the
neck. Nullum est rabie magis prsesentaneum vene
num, immo nee pestis ipsa, ab ea enim evadunt
aliqui, a rabie autem rarissimi.
Quinque artes famulantur medico, pharma
copoeia, ars infundendi clysteres, et ars ape-
riendi venas, ars obstetricandi, et coquinaria.
Whether itt bee not a very convenient way
to keep lozenges made of sal prunellse, juice of
lemon, and syrup or juice of barberries, to dis
solve in the mouth of a feavourish person AA'hen
they are very thirstie.
A Avoman at Oxford, at the Blew Bore, that
died in childbed about three Aveeks after shee

REV. JOHN WARD. 267
was defivered, and very well ; itt was thus : one
night shee dreamed that her child had convul
sion fitts and was dead ; the next morning shee
askt how itt did, they told her very well, shee
told them her dreame ; not long after shee told
them her dreame, shee fell into convulsions her
self and soe dyed ; three doctors standing by
her, viz.. Sir Thomas Clayton, Dr. Elyot, and
Dr. Conyers ; Dr, Conyers was for bleeding
her, but Elyot said itt was to no purpose ; yet
Conyers went home and dined, and came to
Stephen Toon's againe, and iff he could have
found Gill or Pledwell, hee Avould have let her
blood two hours after, for there being no daun
gerous symptoms before, itt Avas not impro
bable but itt might bee onlie a strong convul
sion. I have heard of a physician that usd con
stantly to fast, or else bee drunk once every
month for the preservation of his health.
A fistula I saw on the hand of John Allen, a
carpenter, in Northamptonshire ; itt Avas sup-

^268 DIARY OF THE
posed to come from an old spraine ; itt had
gone quite through the hand, and went about in
a sinuous manner. Dr. Bates advised him to
continue Avashing itt with lime water, and iff itt
Avould doe no good, itt must bee cutt off. Hee
found itt much better after hee had used itt
awhile. Itt seemed very daungerous.
I saAV a fellow att Kettering that had acci
dentally broken three ribbs and they Avere set
againe, stroking gently, and so joined as wel as
might bee, then an astringent cerecloth laid to
them and so sAvathed, Avith vulnerarie drinks
proper for a bruise imvardly applied ; the man
Avas pretty Avell.
A Avoman opened in Oxford, Avho died of a
kind of dropsie as Avas supposed. Dr. Conyers
opend her, and found very strange things. Her
liver and stomach and her duodenum, and some
other of her intestines, with her kidneys, Avere
got up into her breast, and that Avithout any dila-
ceration of the diaphragm. Itt is supposed they
came through the hole through Avhich the gullet

REV. JOHN WARD. 299
passes. Shee died in much torment, yet was
well and in the market not long before her
death. Shee was much given to vomiting they
say, and whether that might not cause itt is
uncertaine. Dr. Conyers Avas an eyewitness,
and hee hath written somewhat of her case.
Dr. Conyers took out of the woman's bellie
three buckets fuU of water, and afterwards
Avent about to distill a good deal of itt, but hee
found very little of itt rise, not above three or
four spoonfuUs, the rest when itt settled turnd
to a kind of slime or mucilage when itt Avas
cold. Gill, who Avas the chirurgeon and opened the
woman Avhich I mentioned before in HolliAA^ell
parish, hee told mee the storie over againe,
moreover the splene was in the middle region
above the diaphragma ; they would have calld
companie to attest itt, but the fellow told them,
that iff they would not stitch her upp, hee
would, yet there was present Dr. Conyers,
Levins, and two more. Dr. Jackson affirmed
shee Avas borne so. Dr. Lydall saied hee Avould

270 DIARY OF THE
have given forty shillings to have seen itt ; the
diaphragma Avas exactly searched, and no dila-
ceration appeared : — they were all in a lump, —
the bowells I meane.
Solomon (probably an opposition practitioner
in the town) told Mrs. Perrin that her child
Avas sound within, when itt swelled so outwardly,
whereas the swelling in truth was the effect of a
consumption, and the boy died in a few days
after ; hee was my patient likewise, and had a
high beating, such as I never saw, itt was very
discernable through his doublet, beating infi
nitely higher than any pulse could possibly doe.
After blood letting a sweat generally folloAvs
Avhich could not bee procured before, AA'hich
shows that itt is magnum laxaus, and magnum
diaphoreticum too.
Admonitio contra pestem.
Haec tria tabificam tollunt adverbia pestem,
Mox, longe, tarde, cede, secede, redi.
I observed one year in Stratford, after a cold
winter, a cool spring, and a very hot summer,
children had the meazles extremely, and men.

REV. JOHN WARD. 271
about July, had agues and feavours in abund
ance. The children after meazils were gone,
had violent griping pains, and skrewking in
their intestines, with starting and frightful fitts.
In meazles, a little before they came out, chil
dren had strange fitts very frightful, and fike to
couAoilsions, — so allso in the small-pox. After
the meazils, some had great pains in their
belfies Avith wormes coming from them. After
the meazils went in, people Avere strangely dis
ordered, some with coughs, some with headach,
some Avith one thing, some Avith another, as
doubtless in those diseases, much of the matter
is left behind.
Pulsum intermittentem in juvenilibus semper
lethalem, in senibus non ita.
The Avay to cause a child or growne person to
open the mouth Avhich is uuAvilling, is but to
stop the nose with your fingers, and then hee
must open his mouth for breath.
A Avoman cast into a palsey by a fright,
numbd and dead of one side only.

272 DIARY OF THE
ToAvards August, 1668, when wee had a
strange Avinter, a strange forward spring, and a
strange moist summer, men had frequent swell
ings about the throat, pains of the teeth, and
such distempers.
Have a care in curing children, that they bee
not kept too hot by people lying Avith them, to
give them breath (air) is very good.
When one enters into a house infected AAdth
any malignant disease, stop the nostrils Avith
myrrhe, and take a pipe of tobacco in one's
mouth. jEtatis mediae multum de sanguine tolle,
Sed puer, atque senex tollat uterque parum.
If an ulcer hath a hole, tent itt and plaster
itt, anointing the tent Avith basilicon or such
like matter. After the matter is tluck, and the
Avound Avell cleaned, inject spirit of wine and
mel rosatum as a good cleanser, or if need re
quire stronger, then use myrrhe and aloes for
injections. In case of ulcer of the legge which is hard to

REV. JOHN WARD. 273
cure, advise laying itt open, and scraping and
scaling the bohe. Dr. Maplet advised Mrs.
Woolmer to wash her ulcer in the foot with
lime water, and to keep the part bound for
strengthening of itt.
If a man have a round forehead, hee is sub
ject to follie and lightnes. If a man have ft
sharp chin that stands forward and a little fore
head, hee is brutish and stupid, like a hogge,
whose image hee bears.
The mountebank that cutt Avry necks, cutt
three tendons in one child's neck, and hee did
itt thus : first by making a small orifice Avith liis
launcet, and lifting upp the tendon, for fear of
the jugular veins, then by putting in his in
cision knife, and cutting them upwards ; they
give a great snapp when cutt. The orifice of
his wounds are small, and scarce any blood
follows ; some are Avry neckt from the Avomb,
they only lay on a melilot plaister to heal the
AVOund, the plaister must bee a fresh one every
day. As for the symptoms of this cutting, they
T

274 DIARY OF THE
are only these : that about a day or two after,
the child Avill be sickish, some humour falling
on the stomach of itt, as the mountebank says.
When hee hath cutt itt, hee bends the cliild's
neck the other way, and putts on a capp, and a
fillet tied to the capp, and so ties itt under the
arme pitts, and so by constant bending the head
that way, itt becomes straight and upright.
Remember to hire some fellow or other to
have a caustick made uppon him, that I may
see the manner of itts operation.
A hectique is often the cinders of an ill-cured
synochus. A scholar att Oxford applying himself to an
elderly physitian of that universitie, to know
whether hee was in a consumption or not, hee
askt the schollar Avhether hee spitt blood or
not ? hee ansAvered negatively ; then said hee,
" tis but a ptysick cough, and I Avill warrant
you from a consumption ;" but three months
after, his bodie went to the wormes.
A feavour is hardly avcU cured, unles there

REV. JOHN WARD. 275
bee a breaking out of something on the surface
of the bodie.
Epileptick persons cured, or att least their
fitts mitigated, by taking tobacco, as the boy of
Welford. In a green wound, stitch upp what hangs
downe, take stupes dipped in brandy or spirit
of vidne, then after come to segyptiack, to sepa
rate the firing from the dead, then incarnatives,
foment the part all along Avith clothes dipped in
a decoction which is very hott. Will Martin
with Mr. Green's sonne.
Ad omnes fere morbos curandos, efficacis-
sima sunt simplicia.
I was told of one that was cured of a vertigo,
by letting blood in the veine Avhich appears in
the forehead.
Mr. Tyler's man's death does cleerly intimate
to mee that the ground of the distemper lay in
the nerves, for about six weeks before hee died,
hee was taken with a fitt and fell off his horse,
then itt came on him Avitb a dimnes in his eyes,
t2

276 DIARY OF THE
and a giddiness in his head, and so continued
without any heart sicknes, which argues cleerly
that the distemper lay in the bodie of the nerves,
or the braine.
Sweating in a consumption is a mortall
signe. A disease being found out, the cure is half
effected. Physitians should not stand to expect crises,
but have remedies att hand as may operate so
thoroughly uppon nature, that the crisis may
never come.
Whether malignitie bee anie thing else but
the disease or feavour assaulting the braine, for
in such cases persons breathe long, — not so
short as commonly dyeing men doe, only they
knoAV not such as come about them, and are cold
outAvardly, as Ffarmer Burman was.
Omnes exanthemata habentes in pestilentia
moriebantur, nee exanthemata in summitate
cutis ortum habent, sed ab osse per musculos
eorum progressus apparet.

REV. JOHN WARD. 277
A man in Oxon cured of madnes by throAving
him into water, and allmost drowning him, who
yet was so melancholy mad as a little before to
attempt to drowne himself; the man is noAv
alive and very well : inquire his name.
Trepanning is to bee in a firme bone, after
the skull is laid bare by a thing turning like a
paster, in case of a contusion to lett out the
blood which the veins may discharge ; itt sel
dome does any good, and itt so faUs out most
commonly that the dura mater is corrupted, and
immediately when that putrifies, the patient
dies. Mr. Strutt told mee hee saw itt in one
that had a contusion.
Morbo, non symptomata curandum est.
Punter had an adder which stung a dog of
Bobarts, so that his head was tAvice as bigg as
formerly, and Jacob gave him white horehound
and aristolochia in butter, and cured him pre
sently. Itt may bee said of some physitians, that they

278 DIARY OF THE
cure their patients, as Nero did his senators,
but cutting their veins, or rather their throats.
Those persons who were not like their
parents, or near kindred, yet on a sudaine sick
nes, turne to bee like them, doe commonfie die
of that sicknes.
There are severail sorts of physitians said
one ; first, those that canne talk but '^doe no
thing ; secondly, some that canne doe, but not
talk ; third, some that canne both doe and talk ;
fourthly, some that can neither doe nor talk,
and these get most monie.
Some doctors have a noble out of the pound
of their apothecaries ; as Dr. Wright ; many a
crowne, as an apothecarie in London told mee.
Itt is to bee considered what may bee the
reason Avhy husbands sympathize Avith their
Avives in their breeding and bringing forth, and
Avhy old people lying with young folks falle
into a cachexie, as is frequent.
For a rheumatick braine use this method.

REV. JOHN WARD. 279
first use a masticatorie of Spanish pelfitorie, next
take a pipe or two of such herbs as are speci-
ficall, as betonie, rosmarie, sage flowers, and the
fike. Dr. Meadford uses to foment the feet much
in children, when they are in consumptions, or
fear of itt ; remember that I doe so with men,
in regard they have an imediate influence
uppon the head.
Diet in the pocks is to bee drying, as oat
cakes, bisects, a few raisens, now and then a bit
of veal may bee permitted them, — purge, let
blood, sweat six or seven mornings together.
The differences between revulsion and deri
vation are these that folloAv; revulsion is into
places farre distant, derivation to neer places ;
secondly, revulsion is of humors noAV floAving,
derivation is of such as are allreadie setled.
The way how to deal Avith an aneurisma:
1. Take up the vessel, and wholy divide itt, then
wash itt Avith somewhat to keep itt from putre
faction till the grumous blood is taken out or

280 DIARY OF THE
digested, and then itt may heal ; so Gill told
mee a Germane chyrurgion treated the boy, but
hee afterwards prickt a tendon in the arme of a
Baliol colledg man, who died of itt.
Gill said his Mr. Day hath amputated five
armes, three leggs, and somewhat else since hee
came to Oxford, and but two of all these died,
and one Avas a person of sixty years att least.
Many women that come before their time,
the child so coming is often troubled with fits
att the time Avhen itt should regularly have been
born, id est, att nine month's end ; this is con-
firmd by much experience.
When there is vomiting, if a vomitt is not
feasible, then give tAvo pils att night going to
bed, as Extract. Rud. gr. viij. Mastick pill gr. x. ;
give diaphoreticks after bleeding.
An ill formation of the breast often causes a
consumption ; now an ill formation is Avhen the
bodie is crooked and the shoulders aie framed
like wings.
Joseph Phifiips his child had a red sAveiling

REV. JOHN WARD. 281
in the forehead, I suppose a varix or nsevus, and
itt was taken off by one of Coventry, by tying a
hair about itt, and girding itt harder every day ;
in two weeks itt fetcht itt off.
Some physitians being mett together to con
sult about a patient, itt was concluded a dyet
bagg should bee made for hdm, for which they
advisd many ingredients, and some would have
had more ; and one merrily interposd, as wiser
than the rest, and bid them putt in a haycock,
and then to bee sure hee Avould have enough.

282

DIARY OF THE

MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS.

Remember, that after I have finished what I
have now under hand, I doe particularly studie
y* most difficult places in Scripture, y" most dif
ficult heads in divinitie, such as are j" cove
nants, usurie, vowes, and the fike.
Whether the place in j" Proverbs, 28. 8, does
not confirme this notion, that usurie is an unjust
extortion from y" poor.
The papists say, that the doctrine of protest
ants, iff itt bee folloAvd closely and Avith coher
ence Avith ittself, must, of necessitie, induce
Socinianisme. Episcopatus, nomen est operis, non honoris.
Men, by perpetuating their memories, have
in some sort, revengd themselves of mortafitie.

REV. JOHN WARD. 283
Tom Triplet gave this reason why the Puri
tans spake through their noses, — itt was, be
cause the high commission stopped their
mouths. Some are so farre from being zealous of good
works, that they are jealous of them, as savour
ing of superstition.
There is not the word bridg in all Scripture,
whence observe, that the rivers of Palestine
Avere either soe shallow, that they were passable
by fords, or else so deep, as only to bee ferried
over. Wee read in Scripture but of one posthume
miracle, viz., the grave felloAv of Elisha raisd
with the touch of his bones ; Avhilst most popish
miracles are recorded to bee done, when the
saints are dead, chiefly, as is conceivd, to mold
men's minds to an adoration of them.
Says Van Cane, " I have never scene any
thing, for the text and context, that doth more
neerly resemble Mahomet's Alcoran, than a
Quaker's book."

284 DIARY OF THE
The Jews fable, that Og, the King of
Bashan, escaped in the flood, by riding astride
on the outside of the ark.
Verily a judgment truly noble is truly catho
lick, and true catholicisme is contrarie to that
Avhich is so calld by pretended catholicks ; for
itt is, to maintaine Christian concord with
all Christians, so farre as they hold X. the
head. By what is said. Acts 20. v. 20. 27, itt
appears, that repentance towards God, and faith
in our Lord Jesus Christ, are the only two
things, in their latitude, which are the princi
pals and foundations in the Christian religion ;
in regard Paul calls them, " all things profit
able," V. 20, and " all the whole counsel of
God," V. 27.
Tycho Brahseus Avas a Dane. King James,
when hee Avent a Avooing to Denmark, went to
see him, and did poetize uppon him.
I have heard that Dr. Prideaux once bought
books by the bushel, of a bookseller in Oxford ;

REV. JOHN WARD. 285
as many hee Avas to have, as hee could possibly
lay on. I heard his name too.
The alliance of the Tates of Delapray to the
Zouche's is this: Sir William Tate married
my Lord Zouche's daughter, one of them, for
hee had but two daughters, and never a sonne ;
so Mr. Tate was, att least, coheir ; but one Sir
Edward Zouch, who Avas master of the revels
to King James, got the estate, by causing Lord
Zouch to make a deed of feofment to him, and
so hee lost the estate. JNIy Lord Zouch Avas a
Wiltshire man: much of the land lay about
Houghton and Preston, and towards Northamp
ton ; this, Mr. Greenaway, IMr. Tate's steward,
told mee, and that the Tates lived as tenants at
De la Pray, in Henry the 7ths time, and after
wards bought itt, Avhen abbeys were dissolvd.
Mr. Russell told mee of an auncient minister
in their country, a very good schollar, who
affirmd, that a divine could not handsomely
furnish a studie for his use under 700 Ii. ; and
hee reckond itt upp to him, so much for such a

286 DIARY OF THE
sort of books, and so much for another ; as I
remember, hee told mee 30 Ii. for bibles.
In printing books, this method for the copies
in the first impression ; they give the author
200 copies att half the price, that they may bee
sure to have some taken off; the second edition
they give him intirely one in ten.
AN EPITAPH IN WARWICK CHURCH.
Sed non totus obit, petiit pars caehca coslum,
'V^ivit et in terris, nescia fama mori.
Frater amans, conjunx fidus, virtutis amator,
Et cultor Domini, non simulatus, erat.
One speaking of a certaine diAdne, says, he
Avas " theologum insignissimum, ac pulpitis
natum." Either the Ffinlanders or Laplanders call a
hill, "Avorra;" hence I conceive WarAvick to
bee a Danish name, from " worra," and
" vicus." Now of late, if a man getts into imploiment
by ill arts, and by AVorse continues itt, hee, (if
itt please the fates,) is henceforAvard the govern-

REV. JOHN WARD. 287
ment, and by being criminal, pretends to bee
sacred. Charles Bayley fell a streaking, thinking to
doe some miracles that way, and Richard An
derson fell a cursing, — and a certaine quaking
woman pretended to raise a dead corps, which,
when her follie appeard, was interrd.
There are 4 great works of providence yet to
accompfish ; the destruction of antichrist, — the
conversion of Israel, — the ruine of the Turk, —
and the glorious state of the church.
When James and John desird the precedence,
(no lordship,) yett they were offended att itt ;
whereas if St. Peter had done the like, or worse,
they must much more have been offended.
Wheresoever the word " brasse " is found in
Scripture, itt should bee translated, " copper,"
for brasse is an artificial thing made of cala-
minar stone and copper.
The true myrrhe of the auncients was a per
fuming gumme, and not the bitter stuffe which
now bears its name, as appears by Scripture,

288 DIARY OF THE
and some think, benjamin or benzoine was
itt. Then true religion is most like to prevail in
the world, when men's other vertues commend
their religion, and not when zeal for their reli
gion is their only vertue.
England hath been so often shuffled from
high to low, that scarce any artificer, but may
find his name, though not his pedigree, in the
herald's college books.
Plenitudo potestatis est plenitudo tempestatis.
Itt is not the sense of a fcAv, that can long
sway a nation ; if the publick spirit bee averse,
itt will att long runne prevail
One uses such a Avord as nuUificamen ; our
English Avord " notfiingnes," answers itt very
Avell. Common loadstones come from Elbing and
Norway ; but the stronger, from Bengala and
from China.
The Turkish armie never arrives att the con
fines of Persia the same yeer that itt is dis-

REV. JOHN WARD. 289
patcht from Constantinople ; but must allways
winter the first yeer, either att Aleppo or in
Mesopotamia, or att most, when itt is nearest, in
Erzisa. The 2nd yeer, itt arrives att the con
fines of Persia to make warre ; yea, itt often
times arrives there so late in the yeer, and so
neer winter, that itt scarce does anie thing.
Peter de la Valle relates, that Nizam Siah, a
king lying south of the great Mogol, hath in his
countrie, a piece of ordnance, that requires
15,000 pound of poAvder to charge itt; that
the ball itt carries, allmost equals the Aveight of
a manne, and that the mettal of the peice is
about 2 spannes thick, and that itt requires
many thousands of oxen, besides elephants, to
move itt, and therefore is useles for Avarre, and
serves only for vaine pomp. This king so
esteems itt, that hee keeps itt constantly coverd
Avith rich cloth of gold, and once a-yeer,
comes to doe itt reverence, allmost adoring
itt. Some have stated tAvo kind of loadstones •

290 DIARY OF THE
alterum ab australi termino, theamedem, — al-
terum a boreali, magnetem appellarunt.
Sensus literalis est, qui in cortice historiae supernatat.
Tropologicus est, qui ad mores informandos deducitur,
Anagogicus est, qui ad spiritualia, et coelestia mentem
elevat.
Joab is to bee commended, in that although
hee took the cittie, yet hee ascribd the honour of
itt to David; 2 Samuel, 12; — so should wee
ascribe all to God.
There is a Avhite juice of liquorish as well as
the black juice. The black is made by juicing
the little strings of the roots, and then boiling
thein to a consistence. Liquorish planted much
about Pontefract, in Yorkshire. The Avhite
juice is deer, about 4 shillings a pound, as I Avas
certainly informed.
The Earl of Desmond offerd Ireland to the
Ffrench king in Henry the 8th's time, and the
instrument of that offer is still on record att
Paris. A fourth part of Ireland taken up with
boggs, and unprofitable mountains.

REV. JOHN AVARD. 291
"Mac" in Irish is as much as ffitz in
Ffrench, or ap in Welsh, or sonne in English.
The people of England double in every 200
yeers, and quadruple in every 400.
Some medicines will bee sure to weaken the
body, but not the disease. '
Wee are ignorant of the reason of the names
of many townes and places in England, they
being of Saxon original ; for the Romans first,
and the Saxons afterwards, did Avithout doubt
give names to most places.
Some think Sampson and Hercules to bee
the very same person.
One says thus, from the populus, that is, the
people, what can bee expected but uncertaintie ?
as in the populus, or aspen tree, there is no
shade, but the leaves are allAvays playing.
Of late yeers in France, some wise m.en of
the reformd religion have been so fearful of itts
being supplanted, that they have required their
children, by their last will and testament, to
leave that countrie.
u 2

292 DIARY OF THE
Whatever the government of Ffrance in
former time, yet after Hugh Capet who can-
tond out Ffrance, about 990, the people's
libertie Avas devourd by the dukes, so that itt
seemd a toparchie rather than a monarchic,
which the after kings broke, seeing itt inconve
nient to monarchic.
Prince Maurice usd to say, that iff the Eng
lish were divels, yet the Dutch must have a
peace Avith them.
One Avondred, (as well hee might,) Avhy men
preacht such stuffe in Oxford as takes there
and noAvhere else ; not in London, nor in the
country. Marvel says of one, hee daunct uppon
belropes, cutt capers from one preferment to
another, and vaulted from steeple to steeple.
I have heard that Lechmore hath cleerd 300
pound in a circuit, and Serjeant Maynard
600. There Avas one Georgius, a Lapland priest,
Avho desird to bee buried amongst them, that so

REV. JOHN WARD. 293
rising with them, he might confute their false
opinion of the not rising of the bodie.
Greater crimes, as theft, rapine, murder,
adulterie, are seldom committed by the Lap
landers ; — they neither lend nor borroAV monie,
being content with their owne ; and that wlfich
creates such trouble to other people, and main
tains so many lawyers, is not knowne amongst
them. The Laplander's shooes are made of broad
planks extremely smooth, with which they
slide along over the frost and snow ; the Ger
mans call them schender, some, skates. Some
say, their shape is 5 or 6 ells long, others 2 or
3 ells long, and a foot broad, turnd upp att the
toe, like the sterne of a boat, and coverd Avith
raine deer skinnes, and Avith a long stick, and
a piece of boord att the bottom, like a churn e
staffs, that they may not sink in farre, and thus
they slide along.
There are in Lapland no burning feavours.

294 DIARY OF THE
nor plague ; and iff any infection bee brought
amongst them, itt soon looses itts force.
Sir Henry Blunt says, that in one of the pyra
mids of Egypt, hee found a tombe, not above 6
foot long, and hence he guesses, that men of
this age are not decayed in stature from what
they were formerly.
The most important parts of all states are
four ; armes, religion, justice, and moral cus
tome. Persons that have fiiU and goggling eyes
seldome see farre or long, as Mr. Quiny, Mr.
Bishop ; on the contrary, eyes that are like;
piggs, and iuAvard plact, see farre.
There are but 9,000 benefices in England ;
and, (as a late pamphlet says,) there are 30,000
persons in orders. Hee says, " some clergy
men hold four or five fivings ;" querie, Avhether
any doe or canne hold above two.
Garnet Avas provincial of the English je-
suitts.

REV. JOHN WARD. 295
Parsons Avas rector of the English college at
Rome. Queen Elizabeth outfived four kings of
Ffrance, eight popes, and the greatest part of
the ninth.
One of the massacrers att Paris would often
say in a bravado, that Avith this arme, — stretch
ing out his oAvne arme, — hee had killd 400
men. Ignatius Loyala was a gentleman of Na
varre, who was Avounded att the cittie of Pam-
peluna ; and whilst hee Avas a curing, hee red
the lives of the ffathers, and thought of estab
lishing an order. Some attribute the order of
the jesuites to Johannes Columbinus, who Avas
200 yeers before Ignatius.
With reference to the reformation in King
EdAvard's days, the very day and hour when
the act for reformation Avas put in execution att
London, God gave the English a signall
victorie against the Scotts at Musselborough :
a very remarkable thing.

296 DIARY OF THE
If uncharitable censurers may hereticate all
that differ from them, the Quakers shortly may
have as fair a title as the papists.
Itt was strange that Solomon, who had had so
many wives and concubines, should yett crie
out, Prov. 30. " who canne find out a vertuous
Avoman," — but one man in a thousand and
never a woman.
Inest omni populo, malignum quid, et que-
rulum in imperantes.
Doctoris nomen est nomen magisterii, ser-
vientis vero, ministerii ; which intimates a Dr.
to bee more worthie than a serjeant-att-law.
Before colledges Avere built in Oxford, there
were 200 hospitia studiosorum ; and then there
Avere in Oxford, as Armochanus says, 30,000
students, and 20 nules round Avere, by the
kings of England, sett apart for provision.
In three yeers after M'. of Ai-t, one becomes
Batchelor of LaAV, and in four yeers after. Dr.
of LaAV.
Hatts invented since the reigne of Queen

REV. JOHN WARD. 297
Elizabeth. Round knitt capps were the aun
cient mode before hatts came upp, and a capper
of Bewdley then was a very good trade.
The Exchange kept in Lumbard Street
before itt came to Cornhill.
Hee that rides post, pays 3c?. a-mile for his
post-horse, and Ad, a stage to the postboy for
conducting. Drs. of Law are alloAved to sitt within the
barre in a common laAV court, in chairs, coverd ;
Avhilst Serjeants stand without the barre, bare
headed, or only coifs or capps on.
Universities are soe caUd, a universalium
scientiarum professione.
Places Avhere students assembled and studied,
Avere calld innes, from the Saxon word, and
hostels, from the Ffrench.
The HebreAvs distinguish heaven into three
severail natures : —
1st. That which is calld the third heaven, or
super sether.
2nd. The sether, or starrie heaven.

298 DIARY OF THE
3rd. The air that incompasses the terra
queous globe.
Dr. Highmore, of Sherborne, married Dr.
Haddock's daughter, of Salisburie, and Had
dock had gott some fine cutts, which Highmore
litt uppon, and mari-ying his daughter, injoyd
them ; and studying anatomic, putt out the book
Avith those cutts, Avhich somewhat raisd his
name. Ventriculus mater est omnium segritudinum.
There was eleven yeers interval of Parlai
ment, to wit, betAATxt the yeers 1630 and 1640.
Wee doe not find the blessed virgine Avrought
anie miracle Avhilst shee lived, though now
thousands are pretended to bee AA'rought att her
shrines, since shee is dead.
That place in Isaiah 11. 11. seems to inti
mate, as if God Avould a second time recover
both Israel and Judah from their captivitie, in
an eminent manner, as hee did from Egypt,
and mentions the places from Avhence.
When King Henry the Third's daughter Avas

REV. JOHN WARD. 299
married to the King of the Scots, a feast Avas
made, wherein were spent above 600 oxen att
one feast.
Suppose our ark, that is, our church, should
totter, itt is not for every cart driver to offer his
helping hand out of his way.
Whoever goes about to bring in poperie, does
but indeavour to build the walls of Jericho.
Hee that does wrong, never forgives ; but hee
that suffers wrong, may.
One says of Bonosus, that hee was borne, not
to IIa'c, but to drink.
Many persons will out of forme, refraine from
the Sacrament, because they are not in charitie,
as iff that were the onlie qualification. O that
men Avould as well examine themselves in other
particulars !
IMorbi cum febre pestilenti conjuncti, ssepe-
numero sunt phrenitides, anginse, pleuritides,
peripneumonise, hepatis inflammationes, dysen-
terise. To provoke God, though itt bee but in our

300 DIARY OF THE
thoughts, is to provoke him to his face, Isaiah
65. 2, 3; his face constantly beholding our
sinnes. Wee are to Avithdraw from all such conversa
tion with a scandalous brother as may admi
nister scandal to others, or infection to a man's
self. Those cautions of withdrawing from every
brother that walks disorderly, 2 Thess. 3.
" have no companie vrith them ;" that they may
be ashamed, v. 14, "such as have not the power
of godlines from such turne away," 2 Tim. 3. 5,
"Avith a brother thats scandalous, no, not to
eat," 1 Corinth. 5. 9, 10; "them that cause
divisions, avoid them," Rom. 16. 17. are onfie
meant of withdraAving private converse.
In King Richard the 2d's time, gunnes were
first found out by an Almaine.
Itt is said of King EdAvard the 4th, that hee
liangd the poor up by the neck, and the rich by
the purse.
Tunage and poundage first graunted to King
Henry the Sixth.

REV. JOHN WARD. 301
Tenths and first fruits did aunciently belong
to the Pope, but graunted to the King at the
Pope's casting out of England.
The father of Dr. Ffrewin was a Kentish
minister and a Presbyterian : hee had four
sonnes, the one Archbishop of York, the second
fined for alderman of London, the third my
Lord Coventrie's secretarie, the fourth a minis
ter. This Ffrewin was a great Presbyterian ;
one of his children's names was " Accepted,"
the other " From above," and the third was of
a prettie kind of name. This Mr. Shepherd,
who was a Kentish man, told mee.
Heretofore the papacie Avas a glorie to the
church, and a martyrdome to the Pope ; butt
noAv itt is a martyrdome to the church, and a
glorie to the Pope.
Dr. Barrow, who was Bishop of Man, and is
like to bee of Asaph, is said to bee the author
of the " Wliole Dutie of Man," and other
pieces usually ascribed to Sterne.
The ffeast of purim Avas solemnly alloAvd in

302 DIARY OF THE
the Old Testament ; the feast of the dedication
in the New ; the love feasts too, yet all but
humane inventions ; therefore holydays may bee
observd. The imperative mood, amongst the
Hebrews, may bee only, sensu sinendi, " Thou
shalt labour six days ;" that is, thou maist, unles
otherwise set apart.
All things necessarie to salvation are set
downe in Scripture ; but not all things which
concerne ecclesiasticall policie.
Tiberius told his friends they little knew
" quanta beUua est imperium."
"The Teufels, a familie in Almaine, are said to
give, as their armes, a divel, gules, in a field, or.
Tis better to conclude from certaintie to con
jecture, than from conjecture to certaintie.
Pilate, after our Saviour's death, fledd to
Viena, and there laid violent hands on himself.
Vienna in Ffrance.
A deboucht person is useles to the comon-
Avealth ; but a passionate turbulent man is daun
gerous to itt.

REV. JOHN WARD. 303
Miniature is a small way of painting by
leaden pencils, drawing faces in little ; itt is
peculiar to England, and men famous in itt of
late were Isaack Ofiver, then one Hoskins,
and lastly, now firing, one Cooper, or such
a name. The reasons of contempt of the clergie says,
that citties and corporations take upp the third
part of the nation. Hee bids the visitor inquire
whether the minister bee not out of repair,
rather than the church ; that is, Avhether hee
bee not a person of vicious life.
Mors etiam saxis, nominibusque venit.
In arras hangings, noAv trees and lankskips
and fforest Avork is most in use, Avhereas for
merly they usd pictures and resemblances of
men and Avomen.
Isinglasse is made of the caul or omentum of
sturgeon, as Mr. Quiny told mee.
William the Conqueror, perceiving in him
self a defect of learning, exhorted his sons to
gett itt, saying that Avithout itt, a king Avas but
a croAvned asse.

304 DIARY OF THE
A blind boy obtaind leave of Mr. Hooper, of
Gloucester, to come into his presence. The
same boy, nott long before, had sufferd impri
sonment for the profession of the truth. Mr.
Hooper, after hee had examind him of his
faith, beheld him stedfastly, and the Avater
standing in his eyes, said, " Ah ! poor boy, God
hath taken from thee outward sight, for what
consideration hee knows best ; but hee hath in-
lightend tKy soul Avith knoAvledg, which is farre
more pretious. God give thee grace that thou
loose nott that sight, for then thou shouldst bee
blind in body and soul too."
Afflictions bee God's servants to goe and
come as hee commaunds them.
As in prophane joy the heart is sad, soe in
godly sorrow the heart is joyful.
Six solemn times when wee are to rencAV re-
pentaunce : —
1. When AA'ee are to performe some spcciall
serrice to God.
2. When Avee seek for any speciall blessing
att God's hands.

REV. JOHN WARD. 305
3. In time of great affliction, and some re
markable cross.
4. After relapse into some secret lust.
5. Uppon all days of humiliation especially.
6. On our death beds especially : when wee
take our farewell of repentaunce wee should
take our fill of itt; itt is the last time wee shall
thus look att sinne.
God is -vrilling to forgive ; hence itt is in the
parable that the prodigall is said to goe, butt
the ffather to runne.
How many men's righteousnes is like that
the prophet complains of, Hos. vi. 4, " like a
morning cloud and early dew," forcibly exhald
by God's judgments, and so congeald by the
piercing cold of affliction ; but whenne the sun
shines, itt is suddenly dissolved.
Give mee a man in Avhom variety of pro-
foundnes of best learning doth concurre in the
highest degree of excellencie, yett if his OAvne
heart bee nott soundly Avrought uppon and
seasond Avith grace, himself experimentally seen
X

306 DIARY OF THE
into the mysteries of Christ and of sanctification,
hee shall bee hardly able to wound other men's
consciences, and peirce them to the quick ; so
will hee bee found very unfitt to manage aright
the spirituall miseries of a wounded soul.
The divell dealt more mercifully with Job,
than the Papists in 88 would have done with
us ; hee allways left one aUve to carrie the
news. An oath on a Papists his conscience is like a
collar on the neck of an asse, which he wiU slip
on for his master's pleasure, and slip off again
for his own.
Nott aU the malice and power of Saul, not
the hatred of the Philistins, nor the rebellion
of Absalom, nor the treachery of Ahitophel,
nor the grapling AA'ith a lion, nor the fighting
vrith a bear, nor the threatning of a vaunting
Goliah, could soe much discourage David ; butt
Avhen hee sufferd immediately in his soul under
the wrath of God, O, then his bones, the master
timber of his body, are broken in pieces ; hee

REV. JOHN WARD. 307
then roares all the day long, and his moisture is
turnd into the drought in sumer.
Itt was a comon proverb of Cranmer, " Doe
unto my Lord of Canterburie a displeasure, and
you may bee sure of his favour ever after ; for
iff any had done him a mischief, and in the least
manner been sorry, hee would have loved him
ever after.
One Pearcie, a Welshman, was the chief
penner of a pamplet caUed " Martin I\Iar Pre
late :" he was afterwards indicted of felony, and
executed. Gregorius dicit, " Diabolus eos tentare negli-
git, quos jure perpetuo, se possidere sentit."
Joanes Beveravicius, a famous physician at
Dort, thought necessarie, before hee studied
physick, to have this case stated, whether there
was a fatal period of every man's life, beyond
Avhich itt were nott in the compasse either of
art, or sobrietie, or good managerie to extend
itt, and as little in the power of disease, or in-

308 DIARY OF THE
temperance, or plague, or any disease else to
shorten. There is mention made of the apothecarie,
38 Eccles. 8. In the 38 of Ecclesiastes 14 itt
it thus read, " For they shall pray to God for
the prospering of that which is given for ease
and their physick for the prolonging of life."
Whence we may conclude that the physitian
should pray for the successe of his medicines as
well as the patient ; and Grotius thus observes,
" Non vult igitur medicos aQeag quseri." Hee
Avould not have men seek to atheists for their
physitians. Physitians in Scotland are calld "lords" and
" my lord" att every word.
An. Dom. 798, Lundonia, igne repentino,
cum magna hominum multitudine, consumpta
est. And againe, anno 801, Magna pars vici
ipsius, repentino igne consumpta est. These
tAVO great fires Avithin three yeers' space made
itt in a maner uninhabitable for 85 yeers, till

REV. JOHN WARD. 309
resedified by Alfred, 886, 'Rex Anglorum
Elfredus, post incendia urbium, stragesque po-
pulorum Londiniarum, permaximam ciritatem
honorifice restauravit, et habitabilem fecit, as iff
itt was not habitable before.
An. 986, " Ciritas Lundonia igne cremata
est," so Symon Dunelmensis ; but others say,
" Fere igne cremata est."
An. 1087, Ferox flamma urbes multas eccle-
siam quoque Sancti Pauli Apostoli, cum majori
et mefiori parte Londonise consumpsit. Bishop
Maurice was B. of London, and hee attempted
the rebuilding of the cathedral.
An. 1133, 21 Henry I., 'Maxima pars Lon
donise civitatis, in hebdomada pentecostes, com-
busta est;" before which, Stella cometes, octavo
Idus Octobus, fere per septem dies apparuit ;
as Avee had two comets succeeding each other
in few months before the late devouring pes
tilence and consuming fire, visibly seen in
and over London, not to bee paraleld in any
age.

310 DIARY OF THE
Affirmat Guarnerus, quod an. 1574, peste
multos Venetiis interficiente, nullum unquam
riderit extinctum, qui fontanellam gestasset.
Henry the 6th, in the 24th yeer of his reigne,
graunted a patent to Edmund Trafford and
Thomas de Ashton, to make tryal for the phi
losopher's stone, so much talkt of.
King Henry the 5th had a great mind to the
clergie's revenues in England, and had probably
effected itt, had not Chickley advisd him to
warrs in Ffraunce.
I think itt was said of Ignatius, when hee
heard the clock strike, " I have one hour lesse to
live, and one hour more to bee accountable for."
The Jcavs have a proverbial speech concern
ing the entertainment of a friend ; the first day
hee is oreach, a guest; the 2nd day hee is
tareach, a burden ; the 3rd day hee is barach, a
runagate. King Henry the 8th and the Ffrench King
took an oath to keep peace betAvixt them during
life, and one yeer after.

REV. JOHN WARD. 311
Mr. BoghiU speaks of some men's soules
(meaning lame men,) that they lodged in synech-
dotical bodies, that is, such as wanted posts.
The titles of kings have much alterd. Grace
was the title of Henry the 4th, excellent grace
of Henry the 6th, and majestic of Henry the
8th ; before they Avere usualy calld soveraigne
lord, leige lord, and highnes.
Many medicines have caused few cures, and
many dishes have caused many distempers.
Some physitians' recipes prove decipes.
Calvin is mawled by the Papists. Fevorden-
tius writes a book styled " Theomachia Calvin-
istica ;" and Lindanus a book called " Christo-
machia Calvinistica ;" and another " Calvino-
Turcismus." Propose not them for your example Avho
make all places where they come to ratle with
Latine and Greek.
Parere legibus est Deo servire, et hsec est
summa libertas.
Images are still usd in Lutherane churches.

312 DIARY OF THE
and Luther reprovd Carolstadius for taking
them out, saying, " Ex animo potius removen-
dos," that the worship of them was rather to
bee taken out of men's minds.
Assembfing in the Privie Council on Sunday
in the afternoon hath been continued ever since
Edward the 6th's time ; and the King's secre
tarie, every Sunday night, delivers him a memo
rial of such things as are to bee debated in
council the week following.
There were tAvelve ffeofees appointed for
buying in impropriations, — clergymen, citizens,
lawyers. Gouge, Offspring, Sibbs, and Devon-
port, ministers ; Eyre, Browne, White, and
Sherland, lawyers ; Geering, Davis, HorAVOod,
and Bridges, cittizens.
Iniquitas in proximum, scelera in Deum,
peccata in se ; so these words are distinguished.
Richard de Bury says of himself, that he was
" extatico quodam librorum amore potenter
abreptum." Hee singly had more books than
all the bishops of England.

REV. JOHN WARD. 313
Juramenta illicita laudabifiter solvuntur,
damnabiliter observantur.
One that had some learning, and not much
prseferment, being advisd to studie, answerd,
" Hold ; I wiU first see the learning which I
have preferrd in the first place."
Michael Servetus of a physitian Avas made a
divine, as I have heard. Hee was burnt at
Geneva for taking upp the opinions of Paulus
Samosatenus. Some blamed Calvine for itt ;
Avhereuppon Calrine wrote a book to prove that
hereticks might bee punisht with death.
Our English language is a mixture of Brit-
tish, Roman, Saxon, Danish, Norman.
The bos, bisons, bonasus, and buffalo, all
several varieties of beeves.
The loAver storie of the ark was designed to
containe all the species of beasts ; the midle
storie was for their food, and the upper storie,
in one part for the birds and their food, and
the other part for Noah and his familie, and
utensils. Y

314 DIARY OF THE
Some reckon 57 miUions expended in the
civill warres of England. The estates of
12,000 noblemen and gentlemen Avasted these
late times.
It is said of my Lord of Strafford, that hee
could not have lived six months longer if hee
had not been beheaded ; so said the physitians
that opend him.
Favourites are like dyals, no longer lookt
uppon than whilst the sunne shines uppon
them. First fruits Avere the most auncient graunt to
the clergie ; itt Avas first calld kyrick-sceat, or
in plaine English church ffee, payable upon
St. Martin's-day unto the bishop, out of the
house Avhere the partie did inhabit att the feast
of the Nativity.
Tithes AA'arranted by an act of state, no
higher than King Offa's time, att a legatine
council then holden, though the canon bee
more auncient.
Luminaries were another graunt, settled by

REV. JOHN WARD. 315
laAV by Alfred and Gunthrun, though claimd
by canon before ; payable three times a-yeer,
att AllhalloAvtide, Candlemas, and Easter.
Soul-shott, paid, before the dead body Avas
interrd, to the incumbent of the parish.
Glebe land, which was laid to the parsonage
house. Peter pence, or Rome's sceat, or heord peny,
which was a peny on every hearth, payable to
the Pope at the feast of St. Peter ad Vincula.
Bowing to the altar Avas never injoind by
canon or rubrick, and is no ceremonie of the
church. Scripturse verba proprie accipienda sunt, ubi
nihil absurdi inde sequitur.

THE END.

LoadoD : Printed by W. Cix)Wes and Sons, Stamford Street.

IS, GREAT MARLBOROUGH STREET,
April, 1839.
Mr COLBURN^S
list of new publications.

MR. BURKE'S
HISTORY OF THE LANDED GENTRY;
A COMPANION TO THE PEERAGE AND BAEONETAGE.
COMPEISING ACCOUNTS OF
ALL THE EMINENT FAMILIES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM,
And of upwards of 100,000 Individuals connected with them.
Illustrated with the Armorial Bearings of each Family, Portraits, &c.
Complete in 4 vols. Large paper, price \l. lis. 6d. each ; small paper, price 18s. each ;
or in 16 parts, price 73, 6d. each, large paper ; and 4s. 6d. each, small paper.
%* This important work has been tmdertaken by Mr. Burke, as a companion to his well-known
and established" Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the United Kingdom," and upon
a somewhat similar plan, in order that the two publications may embrace the whole body of
the British Peerage, Baronetage, and Gentry, and may furnish such a mass of authentic mfor-
mation, in regard to all the principal Families in the Kingdom, as has never before been brought
together. ALSO, BY THE SAME AUTHOR,
II.
THE PEERAGE AND BARONETAGE OF THE
BRITISH EMPIRE for 1839.
CORRECTED TO THE PRESENT TIME.
Beautifully printed in double columns, in a single volume, on a new plan (the
armorial bearings being incorporated with the text), with so clear a type as to
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and forming the most complete, the most convenient, and the cheapest
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III.
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EXTINCT, DORMANT, AND SUSPENDED
PEERAGES ;
A COMPANION TO ALL OTHER PEERAGES,
Beautifully printed in double columns, price 285. bound.
This work, formed on a plan precisely similar to that of Mr. Burke's very popular Dictionary'
of the present Peerage and Baronetage, comprises those Peerages which have been suspended or
extingTiished since the conquest, particularizing the members of each family in each generation,
and bringing the lineage, iu all possible cases, through either collaterals or females, down to
existing houses. It connects, in many instances, the newwith the old nobility, and it will in all
cases ^ew the cause which has influenced the revival of an extinct dignity in a new creation.
It should be particularly noticed, that this new work appertains nearly as much to extant as to
extinct persons of distinction ; for though digiiities pass away, it rarely occurs that whole
families do.

MR. COLBURN'S LIST OF

Kew and Cheaper Editlont ivltb considerable Additions*
iVbuj compIctCf in 2 vols., hound, or in Six Parts, price Is. 6d» each,
MEMOIRS
OP "
THE BEAUTIES
OP THE
COURT OF CHARLES II.
WITH AN INTRODUCTORY VIEW OF THE STATE OF FEMALE SOCIETY,
AND ITS INFLUENCE, DURING THAT REMARKABLE REIGN.
BY
MRS. JAMESON,
Authoress of ''Characteristics of Women," ^c. SfC.
COMPRISING
A SBItZES OF T'WXNTT-ON'B SFXtEIO'DZD POZtTRAZTS,
Illustrating the Diaries of Pepys, Evelyn, Clarendon, and Other contemporary
writers of that gay and interesting period, — engraved by the most distinguished
Artists, from Drawings made by order of her late Royal Highness the Princess
Charlotte. The following is a brief descriptive List of the Portraits comprised in this Work,
which supplies what has long been a desideratum in the Fine Arts, and forms a
suitable Companion to " Lodge's Portraits :" —

CATHERINE OF BRAGANZA, the unhappy
and slighted wife of Charles.
LADY CASTLEMAINE, afterwards Duchess
of Cleveland, the haughty enslaver of the
Monarch.
LA BELLE HAMILTON, Countess de Gram-
mont, one of the ancestors of the Jeming-
ham family.
The gentle and blameless COUNTESS OF
OSSORY, interesting from her beauty, her
tenderness, and her feminine virtues.
NELL GWYNNE, merry and open-hearted,
who, with all her faults, was at least exempt
from the courtly vice of hypocrisy.
The beautiful and wealthy DUCHESS OF
SOMERSET, the wife of three successive
husbands, one of whom encountered a
tragical fate.
The noted FRANCES STEWART, Duchess of
Richmond, whose marriage was the im
mediate cause of Lord Clarendon's disgrace.
MISS LAWSON, mild aud gentle, yet oppos
ing the fortitude of virtue to the perils of a
licentious Court.
THE COUNTESS OF CHESTERFIELD, one
of the fair principals of De Grammont's
celebrated story of the " has verts."
THE COUNTESS OF SOUTHESK, whose
faults, follies, and miseries, constitute a tale
well fitted to " point a moral.*'

The interesting and exemplary COUNTESS
OF ROCHESTER.
The beauteous and arrogant LADY DENHAM,
interesting from the poetical fame of her
husb?'"'l, and her own tragical fate.
The magnificent LADY BELLASYS, re
nowned for her beauty, wit, and spirit.
MRS. NOTT, fair, sentimental, and Madonna-
hke.
ANNE DIGBY, Coimtess of Sutherland,
beautiful and blameless, the friend of the
angelic Lady RusseU, and of the excellent
Evelyn.
The fair coquette, MRS. MIDDLETON.
MISS BAGOT,the irreproachable wife of two
hbertine Lords.
The fair, the elegant, and the fascinating
MISS JENNINGS, " who robbed the men
of their hearts, the women of their lovers,
but never lost herself."
THE DUCHESS OF PORTSMOUTH, one
of the most absolute of Royal Favourites.
THE COUNTESS OF NORTHUMBERLAND,
distinguished for her uncommon grace and
beauty, and the blameless tenour of her life.
And THE DUCHESS OF DEVONSHIRE,
fair, kind, and true, and wedded to a noble
man, who, to the valour and bearing- of a
Paladin of old romance, added the spirit of
an ancient Roman.

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THE PROTECTORATE of OLIVER CROMWELL.
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ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE COURT AND TIMES OP QUEEN ANNE.
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THE LIFE OF SIR EDWARD COKE,
LORD CHIEF JUSTICE IN THE REIGN OF JAMES I.
WITH MEMOIRS OF HIS CONTEMPORARIES,
Bt C. W.JOHNSON, Esq., Barrister-at-Law.
In 2 vols. 8vo, price 28s.
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dufitry. Mr. Johnson has neglected notbing that could make his work complete ; and it does
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MR. COLBURN'S LIST OF

THE LIFE OF WASHINGTON,
Commander-in-chief of the American Armies, and First President of the
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WITH HIS DIARIES AND SPEECHES, AND VARIOUS OTHER PAPERS.
BY JARED SPARKS.
Id 2 vols. 8vo, with Portraits, 28s.
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vast trouble and expense, and at the sacrifice of many years of labour. In short, the life of
Washington is now complete i and every new addition to our knowledge of him only serves the
more clearly to exhibit liim as (in the resolution of Congress on his death) ' The man first iu
war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his fellow- citizens.' " — Sun.

A VOICE FROM AMERICA TO ENGLAND.
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1 vol. 8vo, price I2s.
VII.
DIARY OF THE TIMES OF GEORGE IV.
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THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF JOSEPH HOLT,
GENERAL OF THE IRISH REBELS IN 1798.
Edited from his Original MS. in the possession of Sir W. Betham, Ulster King at
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BY T. CROFTOK CROKER, ESQ.
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IX.
LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE OF
ADMIRAL EARL ST. VINCENT.
BY CAPTAIN BRENTON, R.N.
Author of " The Naval History of Great Britain," &c.
Now first published from Official and Authentic Documents.
2 vols. 8vo, with Portrait, 28s.
" To the several valuable records of the achievements and characteristics of our great heroes
which late years have produced, these excellent volmnes are now to be added. They will claim
a permanent place in tiie splendid collection, as worthy to rank in design and execution witli any "
work of the class." — Court Jmirnol.

NEW PUBLICATIONS.

DR. JENNER'S LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE.
BY JOHN BARON, ,M.D., F.R.S., &c.
Now iirst published, complete in 2 vols. 8vo, with Portraits, 24s.
(Vol. 2 may be had separately to complete sets.)
" To medical men these volumes will be very valuable, as illustrations of the history of one of
the greatest discoveries In their science ; and the general reader vrill feel the greatest interest in
the biographical portion of the work. We know of very few books more pleasingly written, or
more hkely to be of pubUc benefit. Too much can hardly be said in praise of Dr. Jenner's private
character, and every one wiio will peruse the history of his life will be sure to find himself the
better for having spent a few hours in such company. We wish, for the sake of the pubUc,
there were more such biograpllies." — Times. XI.
THE BENCH AND THE BAR.
By the Author of " Random Recollections of the Lords and Commons,"
** The Great Metropolis," &c.
SecoDd Edition. 2 vols, post 8vo, price 18s.
New and Cheaper Edition.
** In these volumes, as in a mirror, the reader can catch a glimpse of all the leading members
of the legal profession. The work is highly interesting, and wiU circulate extensiTeLy. The
anecdotes are lively, characteristic, and happily introduced." — Sun.
XII.
RECOLLECTIONS OF CAULINCOURT,
DUKE OF VICENZA.
In vols. 8vo, 18s.
" This is one of the very few works that are destined to acqiiire more than an ephemeral re
putation. We have perused it with great interest, and look upon it as one of great historical
value. It may be said to be the first fliat has done fiill justice to Napoleon's real character as a
statesman and as a man. A work such as this was wanting to the completion of the portrayal
of Napoleon's character. We find an interest in it far beyond any produced by any other memoir
writer of the period." — Courier. XIII.
EVENINGS WITH PRINCE CAMBACERES,
SECOND CONSUL, &c.
« BY BARON LANGON.
In 2 vols. Svo, with Portraits of Napoleon & Cambaceres, price 28s.
" This work contains many revelations Uttle inferior in interest to those contained in the
famous * Voice from St. Helena.' " — Sun.
" A more amusing and agreeable book than this it would be difficult to find. The indolent
man of pleasure and the ciuious man of letters \v-ill both read it viith interest." — Morning Post.
XIV.
MEMOIRS OF SIR CHARLES SHAW, K.C.T.S.
LATE BRIGADIER-GEN. OF THE SPANISH AUXILIARY LEGION.
WRITTEN BY HIMSELF.
And comprising a Narrative of the "War in Portugal and Spain, from its Commence
ment in 1831 to the Dissolution of the British Legion in 1837.
In 2 vols. 8vo, with Portraits of Admiral Napier & General Evans, 28s.
** Colonel Shaw writes as a soldier should write — candidly, fearlessly, and vigorously. His
volumes deserve to be read with the deepest attention, as tending to throw an entirely new Ught
on a subject hitherto imperfectly understood."— Sunday Times.

MR. COLBURN'S LIST OF

HOME SERVICE;
OR, SCENES AND CHARACTERS FROM THE LIFE AT OUT AND HEAD QUAETEES.
BY BENSON EAKLE HILL, ESQ.,
Author of " Recollections of an Artillery Officer," &c.
In 2 vols., post Svo. Price 21s.

THE AMERICAN IN PARIS;
OR, SKETCHES OF THE NEW INSTITUTIONS, THE EMBELLISHMENTS, THE
SOCIETY, THE ECCENTRIC CHARACTERS, THE WOMEN, THE PRESS,
THE LITERATURE, ETC., OP PAEIS.
In 2 vols., post Svo. 18s.
*' We cordially recommend this book to our readers as by very far the best, because incom
parably the most amusing as well as informing Guide to Paris that we are acquainted with in
the English language, or indeed in any other.*' — Naval and Military Gazette.
XVII.
THE VETERAN;
OR, FORTY YEARS IN THE BRITISH SERVICE,
BY CAPTAIN JOHN HARLEY,
Late Paymaster, 47th Regiment.
In 2 vols., post Svo, price 21s. bound.
" This work will afford much amusement to mihtary readers ; It is fiill of anecdotes of the
mess-table and the barracks." — Ti-mes. XVin.
SPAIN, AND THE SEAT OF WAR IN SPAIN.
BY HERBERT BYNG HALL, ESQ.
Late Captain 7th Royal British Fusiliers, Knight of St. Ferdinand, &c.
In 1 vol. post Svo, with View of Bilboa, 10s. &d.
" This volume will be read with much interest. The anecdotes, notices of frightful war, and
sketches of the country, distracted as it is, form a whole which cannot be perused without ex
citing feelings of strong emotion." — Literary Gazette.

A SECOND SERIES OF
RANDOM RECOLLECTIONS OF THE LORDS
AND COMMONS.
By the Autlior of " The Bench and tlie Bar," " Tlie Great Metropolis," &c.
In 2 vols., post Svo, 21s.

NEW PUBLICATIONS.
3$oolts of ©rabcls.

THE IDLER IN ITALY.
BEING A JOURNAL OF THE TRAVELS OF THE COUNTESS OF BLESSINGTON.
2 vols. Svo, with Portrait of the Author after Landseer.
Price 31s. 6d. bound.
II.
LORD LINDSAY'S LETTERS on the HOLY LAND.
New and Revised Edition, in 2 vols,, with Illustrations. 24s. bound.
" Among: the many travellers who have contributed to our knowledge of the interesting regions
dignified by events recorded in Holy Writ, a prominent place must be assigned to Lord Lindsay,
His abilities and accomplishments are of a high order ; a spirit of inquiry and a glowing enthu-
aasm have been £dded by various knowledge, and refined by a sincere piety. He exhibits a con
siderable store both of ancient and modem learning, but his draughts of Helicon have been
abundantly tempered by — • Siloa*s brook that flow'd.
Fast by the Oracle of CSod.*
** Having gone ont in the perseverance and devotion of a pilgrim, he has felt and recorded what
he saw with the wisdom of a philosopher and the faith of an enhghtened Christian. "^Qwarier/y
Heview.

EXCURSIONS IN THE INTERIOR OF RUSSIA;
INCLUDING SKETCHES OF THE EMPEROR NICHOLAS AND HIS COURT.
BY ROBERT BREMNER, ESQ.
2 vols. Svo, with Illustrations, price 28s. bound.
** This ample and able work, the production of a man of sense and impartial observer, will soon
be in the hands of the majority of readers throughout the empire, and not improbably throughout
Europe also. We have undoubtedly some, and very excellent, accounts of Petersburgh already j
but the observations of Mr. Bremner are in themselves so interesting, and in general so accurate,
while the informatiou they convey is upon subjects so important to the present and future position
of England, that the slightest details of his book will be perused with avidity. The personal
character of the Emperor Nicholas hn?^ never before been so fully laid open to the pubUc, and the
elaborate views of the Russian army and navy, points of such vivid inquiry at the moment, are
given with a scrupulous care and fulness of detail, to which we are surprised to think any
stranger, however acute and laborious, could have arrived in so short a time." — Literary
Gazette. IV.
THE SPIRIT OF THE EAST;
Illustrated in a JOURNAL of TRAVELS through ROUMELI, during an
eventful Period.
BY D. URQUHART, ESQ.
Author of *' Turkey and its Resources." Second Edition, 2 vols. 8vo. 28s.
" A work which, displaying the result of ten years of observation in scenes of war and peace,
wherein the author took a prominent part as a scholar, a soldier, a mediator, and a diplomatist,
presents views and observations calcolated not only ti> produce a material and beneficial effect
upon the moral, commercial, and political condition of the populations of Europe and Asia, but
to lead to the mutual appreciation by each of the errors by which both have been misled, whilst
¦ offering the means through which the excellences of each may henceforth be estimated and ex-
changed." — Times.

8 MR. COLBURN'S LIST OF
V.
EXPEDITION OF DISCOVERY INTO THE
INTERIOR OF AFRICA in 1837.
Through the Countries of the GREAT NAMAQUAS, BOSCHMANS,
and HILL DAMARAS.
Under the auspices of tlie British Government, and the Royal Geographical Society.
BY SIK J. E. ALEXANDER, KX.S., &c.
In 2 vols, post Svo, with Map and numerous Illustrations. 21s. bound.
" In this narrative we find Sir James Alexander, as hitherto, hvely and entertaining. Strug
gling tluough some 4000 miles of a wild and savage country, he has greatly enlarged the bounds
of our geographical knowledge, and done much towards the accumulation of natural history ;
but the chief interest of the work hes in his personal adventures and vicissitudes, the gallant
Captain having encountered all the dangers of hon, elephant, rhinoceros, gnu, ostrich, and
baboon combat." — Literary Gazette. VI.
EXCURSIONS IN THE MOUNTAINS OF
RONDA AND GRANADA.
WITH CHARACTERISTIC SKETCHES OF THE INHABITANTS OF THE
SOUTH OF SPAIN.
BY CAPT. C. ROCHFORT SCOTT,
Author of ** Travels in Egypt and Candia,'' &c. 2 vols. Svo, with Illustrations.
Price 28s. bound.
" Captain Scott is as pleasant a guide and companion over the vinous bills and through the
romantic forests of Spain as can he imagmed j for his eye catches at a glance what Is most
worthy of observation, and his wit and his enjoying heart put us into the right way to distil as
much satisfaction from it as is possible. He has introduced into his travels a story and a legend or
two, which vary the nature of the work, and increase, therefore, its interest. Upon the whole,
Captain Scott's Excursions form one of the most entertaining books we have read for many
years, while there is much ui it that gives VEiluable information upon the present state of Spain,
and the condition of its pohtical affairs." — Court Journal.

THE SPAS OF GERMANY.
BY X)R. GRANVILLE.
Author of" Travels to St. Petersburgh," &c.
New and Cheaper Edition, in 1 vol. Svo, with Thirty-eight Illustrations.
Price only 18s. bound.
" This attractive work presents the narrative of a grand tour to all the celebrated and fashion
able mineral watering places of Germany — a tour in which amusement is blended with informa
tion, and descriptive sketches of the humo'irs and ftincies of each Spa are mixed np with all the
acciuate details of everything that is valuable in a medical or social point of view." — Globe.
VIII.
A PEDESTRIAN TOUR THROUGH NORTH
WALES IN 1837.
FORMING A COMPLETE GDIDE FOR THE TRAVELLER.
BY G. J. BENNETT, ESQ.
In 1 vol., with 20 Etchings of the most Interesting Scenes, by Alfkeo Clint.
Price 18s. bound.
_" This is a beautiful work — as delightful a one as we have met with for many years. It abounds
with sketches, admirably executed, of many of those charming vales and mountains in the beau
tiful country of which it treats, and affords us also specimens of the national airs of Wales, giving
us the music of them as well as the words. It is a book of travels written with the poet's love of
nature and a humorist's cheerfulness." — Court Journal.

NEW PUBLICATIONS.

SOUVENIRS OF A SUMMER IN GERMANY.
DEDICATED TO LADY CHATTERTON.
2 vols, post Svo, 21«.
" These volumes are well calculated to be valuable travelling-guides to whoever may visit the
"bountry to which they relate. There runs through the whole a vein of playfiil humour, and a
spirit of keen observation, which is highly attractive, and which reminds na more of Head's
popular ' Bubbles from the Brunnens' than any tour we can call to our recollection " — Literarv
•Gazette, X.
AUSTRIA AND THE AUSTRIANS.
WITH SKETCHES OF THE DANUBE AND THE IMPERIAL STATES.
In 2 vols, post Svo, with Portraits of the Emperor Ferdinand and Prince
Metternich, price 215.
" This is at once an instructive and amusing book. It contains a great deal of information,
a vast number of anecdotes ot distinguished persons, and a mass of general instruction, im
portant and novel." — Times. XI.
TRAVELS IN THE WESTERN CAUCASUS
IN 1836.
INCLUDING A TOUE THROUGH IMERITIA, MINGRELIA, TURKEY, MOLDAVIA,
GALICIA, SILESIA, AND MORAVIA.
BY EDMUND SPENCER, ESQ.
Author of" Tbavels in Circassia," &c. 2 vols. Svo, with Illustrations.
" Upon all points of interest connected with the Circassians Mr. Spencer furnishes information,
both specific and authentic, and we earnestly recommend the perusal of this work to every person
who desires to obtain an accurate view of the real state of tiiose interesting tribes, and of the
monstrous aggressions and grasping policy of the Muscovites." — Atlas.

CAPTAIN SPENCER'S TRAVELS IN CIRCASSIA,
KRIM TARTARY, &c., in 1836-7 =
INCLUDING A STEAM VOYAGE DOWN THE DANUBE, FROM VIENNA TO CON
STANTINOPLE, AND ROUND THE COAST OF THE BLACK SEA.
SECOND EDITION. WITH THE AUTHOr's REPLY TO " THE QUARTERLY REVIEW.*'
In 2 vols. 8vo, with Map and numerous Illustrations, price 31s. Qd.
*' Mr. Spencer has had the singular advantage, in these days of enterprise, of being the first
Enghshman to break ground in a fresh and most'inter esting region. A singular and beautiful
country, a noble and brave people — ^with their customs, character, social condition, and man
ners, Eire now, for the first time, fairly presented to Europe." — TaiVs Magazine.

THE FANQUI IN CHINA, IN 1837.
BY C. T. DOWNING, ESQ., M.R.C.S.
In 3 vols, post Svo, with Illustrations, price Sis. 6d. bound.
•• This publication is not to be considered as a mere traveller's book ; its scope is wider and
more ambitious. It is emphatically au account of the habits, manners, manufectures, and laws
of China, as far as personal observation, aided by personal industry, can bring them within the
knowledge of a Fanqui, or foreigner. In this point of view, putting aside even its famUiar
delineations, its episodes, and pictures, which are all excellent, it is the best book on the subject
with which we are acquainted." — Atlax,

10 MR. COLBURN'S LIST OF

THE RIVER AND THE DESERT.
BY MISS PARDOE.
Author of " The Citv op the Sultan," &c.
2 vols, post Svo, with Illustrations, price 18s.
"Tliis work is ttigMy creditable to the author, discovering more mind tlmn any of Miss Pardoc'fl
former productions."— jM/os.
*' There are few pages of this work in which it would be diffinilt to trace that power, whether
of abstract reflection or of graphic description, that gives so much earnestness, force, and varied
beauty, to Mies Pardee's series of pictures of ' The City of the Sultan.' "—Court Journal.
XV.
THE CITY OF THE SULTAN.
OR, DOMESTIC LIFE IN TURKEY.
BY MISS PARDOE.
Second Edition, in 3 vols, small Svo, with Eighteen Illustrations, price 31s. 6d. bd.
*' We have followed Miss Pardoe, at once thralled and excited, from the regal hall to the
madhouse — from the marble-lined mosque of St. Sophia to the boatman's mud-bnilt hovel — frora
the subterranean cisterns of Constantinople to the cloud-enveloped summit of Mount Olympus.
In her delightful society we have feasted with pachas and conversed with patriarchs, gossiped
with dark-eyed Circassian beauties, and bowed beneath the spell of Greorglan loveliness. Miss
Pardoe has left nothing unobserved, and she has produced a work as instructive and amusing as
it is curious." — Court Journal. XTI.
A JOURNEY ACROSS THE PAMPAS AND
THE ANDES,
FROM BUENOS AYRES TO VALPARAISO, LIMA, PANAMA, &c.
BY THE HON. P. CAMPBELL SCARLETT.
2 vols, post Svo, with Illustrations, 25s. bound.
" These volumes abound with anecdotes and descriptions which will afford both information
and amusement to all classes of readers. The whole of the work will be read with pleasure, but
the great commercial and poUtical interests connected with the statements in it respecting steam
navigation on the Pacific require the pubUc attention to be particularly drawn to its considera
tion." — Times. XVII.
LETTERS FROM THE SOUTH.
BY THOMAS CAMPBELL, ESQ.
Author of " The Pleasures op Hope."
In 2 vols. Svo, with Eleven Plates of Scenery, &c., 31s. 6d. bound.
*' A most remarkable and interesting work." — John Bull.
" These admiiable letters furnish us with by far the most interesting and picturesque sketches
of Algiers and the adjacent districts that we have yet met with."— Si/k.
XVIII.
CAPTAIN ALEXANDER'S TRAVELS IN
WESTERN AFRICA,
AND NARRATIVE OF THE KAFFIR WAR IN 1836.
In two volumes 8vo, 32s. bound, Illustrated with numerous Plates, by
Majoe C. C. Miohell, K.H.
" This is a very interesting account of the colonies of Western Africa. Very UtUe Is known of
the new settlements on the African frontier, and it is a matter of surprise to us that no work ex
cept Mr. Martin's, has been pubUshed descriptive of theestabUshmcntand rapid progress of these
acquisibons. The volumes before us contam a great deal of valuable and interestmg inteUigence
and a very ammatcd description of the procecduigs of the British and native forces."— JoAn Butt

NEW PUBLICATIONS. 11
' XIX.
TRAVELS IN PALESTINE AND SYRIA;
BY GEOKGE ROBINSON, ESQ.
In 2 vols, post Svo, with Maps and Plans, 21s. bound.
•* Mr. Robinson has traversed the whole of Syria and Palestine,' including the countries lying
east of the Jordan and the Ante-Libanus, and also many interesting portions of Asia Minor. Of
his travels he has here given a succinct, plain, and unomamented account. His jonmal is not
merely the test, but perhaps the only guide through these remote reeiona."— ttto-ary Gazettt.
XX.
TRAVELS IN EGYPT AND CANDIA;
WITH DETAILS OF THE MILITARY POWER AND RESOURCES OF THOSE
COUNTRIES, AND OBSERVATIONS ON THE GOVERNMENT, POLICY,
AND COMMERCIAL SYSTEM OF MOHAMMED ALL
BY CAPT. C. R. SCOTT, H.P. Royal Staff Corps.
In 2 vols. Svo, with lUustrations, 28».
" One of the most sterling publications of the season. There is a freshness in Captain Scott's
narrative that affords a new desire respecting the events of this most interesting country. The
liabits and customs of the people are sketched with considerable spirit and talent, and there is
much novelty in the gallant author's detailfi." — Naval and Military Gazette.

NEW WORK BY MRS. TROLLOPE,
In Shilling Parts, for Universal Circulation.
On the 26th of February was published. Part I., price Is., to be continued Monthly,
and completed in Twenty Parts, printed and embellished uniformly wit- '
the " Pickwick Papers," " Nicholas Nickleby," &c.
THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES OF MICHAEL
ARMSTRONG,
THE FACTORY BOY.
BY MRS. TROLLOPE,
Authoress of "The Domestic Manners of the Americans," " The Vicar of
Wrexhill," &c

12

MR. COLBURN'S LIST OF

CROTCHETS IN THE AIR;
OR, AN (UN-)SCIENTIFIC ACCOUNT OF A BALLOON TRIP.
BY JOHN POOLE, ESQ.,
Author of " Paul Pry," ¦' Sketches and Recollections," &c.
In Svo, 5s. bound.
" We recommend our readers to purchase and peruse this spirited httle book, promising them
that they will repent neither the time nor the money they will expend upon it." — Times.

THE ROSE FANCIER'S MANUAL,
BY MRS. GORE.
In 1 elegant vol., price 10s. 6d. bound.

ON TENTS:

Geography of Roses
Culture of R'oses
Glossology of Roses
Hybridity
Importance of Specific Characters
Comparison of Specific Characters
On Species

Distinction of Species and Variety
Bibliography of the Rose
Pharmacopoeia of Roses
Monography of the Rose, comprising
notices of 2,500 Varieties
List of the Species admitted by Bota
nists, &c. &c.

NAVAL KEEPSAKE FOR 1838.
In one vol. (containing as much matter as in two octavos), elegantly bound, with gilt
edges, and Illustrations, price only 7s. 6d.,
NEW LIFE OF NELSON;
WITH ORIGINAL ANECDOTES, ETC.
BY THE OLD SAILOR.
'* Should be in the hands of every seaman." — Naval and Military Gazette.
" It is the fullest recital we possess." — Atlas.
*' A perfect treasure to every nautical man," — Sunday Times.
" Written with great spirit." — Sun.
•• An admirably written life of Nelson." — Jo?m Bull.
" Among the prettiest present books of the season." —Court Journal.

THE NEW JUVENILE KEEPSAKE for 1839.
COMPRISING "traits AND TRIALS OF EARLY LIFE."
BY MISS LANDON,
Author of " The Impro\'isatrice," &c.
Price only 5s., bound in cloth, with a Portrait of the Authoress.
CONTEXTS :
The Twin Sisters
The Little Boy's Bed Time
The Sailor
The Lady Maria
Mable Dacre's First Lesson "

The Soldier's Home
The Dead Robin
The Indian Island
Frances Beaumont
The History of a Child, &c.

" The contents of tliis charmmg book are all toucliing, picturesque, deUghtful, and instructive.'
—Literary Gazette.

NEW PUBLICATIONS.

13

^Popular Ktto SHorfes of fiction.

PICTURES of the WORLD,
AT HOME and ABROAD. By the
Author of *' Tremaine," " De Vere,"
•* Human Life," &c, 3 vols.
" This new work, by the accomplished au
thor of * Tremaine,' consists of three distinct
tales, each occupying one volume. The first
is entitled • Sterling.' In point of real and
exact observation of life, in happy, easy, and
spirited portrayal of character, it may rank
with the best of Mr. Ward's previous produc
tions. The second story is called * Penmd-
dock, or the High-minded,* and nobly does the
tale answer to the lofty demands of its title.
Penmddock is one of the most pure, perfect,
and natural delineations that is to be found in
prose fiction. The third story turns on the
poUtical aspect aud tendency of the times ;
yet the chief incidents and characters are in
vested with a tone of high romance. It is
called * The Enthusiasts,' and is introduced by
an admirable essay on enthusiasm, which will
be looked upon by many readers as the most
enduring gem, the crowning feature of the
whole work." — New Monthly Magazine.
GURNEY MARRIED; a
Sequel to " Gilbert Gurney." By
Theodore Hook, Esq., Author of
** Sayings and Doings," &c. 3 vols.
*• Gurney Married is crammed full of Mr/-
Hook's distingaished excellences." — Court
Journal. " One of those works which so rivet the a -
tention as to make it impossible either to skip
passage or two, or to lay the book down." —
Courier.
THE ROMANCE OF THE
HAREM. By Miss Pardoe, Author
of " The City of the Sultan," ** The
River and the Desert," &c. 3 vols.
" Miss Pardoe is a writer peculiarly fitted,
by her personal acquaintance with Eastern
manners and the vigour of her imagination,
for the accomplishment of the task she has
here undertaken and so ably performed. She
is rich in fancifulness and gorgeousness of
ideas, and expresses them with a power of
epithet not surpassed by the author of
' Vathek.* Nothing can exceed her descrip
tions of Oriental grandeur of scenery, costume,
and manners." — Court Journal.
THE ONLY DAUGHTER.
A Domestic Story. Edited by the Au
thor of ** The Subaltern," &c. 3 vols.
** The Only Daughter is not only a produc
tion of great merit, but of brighter promise
for the future. Written in a style of consi
derable beauty, and abounding with descrip
tions of a high order, it exhibits at the same
time no common power of seeing into the
workings of the human heart. It is a tale of
pure, and gentle, and maidenly love, of true
and generous friendship." — Literary Gazette.

THE YOUTH of SHAKS
PEARE. By the Author of " Shak
speare and his Friends." 3 vols.

HORACE
Life in the West.

VERNON ;
3 vols.

or,

" This work has set the whole fashionable
world in a ferment. The characters of Mrs.
Maxwell, of Horace Vernon, and of Lord Wal-
grave, are sketches from life, the originals of
which are well known." — Sunday Times.
The GLANVILLE FAMILY.
By a Lady of Rank. 3 vols.
" A novel combiniug in a very remarkable.
manner the spirit and satiric wit of Mrs. Gfore,
with the hitherto unrivalled truth and simpli
city of the late Miss Austin."
" The book reminds us strongly of the novels •
of Madame D'Arbly, whom the authoress strik
ingly resembles in the ease and simplicity of
her style, and its frequent outbreaks into elo
quence and brilliant wit." — Court Journal.
DUTY and INCLINATION.
Edited by Miss Landon. Authoress of
*• Ethel Churchill," " The Improvisa-
trice," &c. 3 vols.
" A love story, and a beautiful one. Through
out the volumes are scattered many passages
of sweet reflection and refined discrimination."
— Court Journal.
JACK ADAMS the MUTI
NEER. By Captain Frederic
Chamier, R.N. 3 vols.
" An exceedingly clever and interesting
novel. ' ' — John Bull.
" These volumes well sustain the author's
reputation. ' ' — Courier.
" This book is as full of entertainment as
any naval story we have read ; mingling to
gether touches of humour and pathos, and.
teeming with knowledge of the world, terres
trial and aquatic." — Court Journal.
MEN OF CHARACTER.
By Douglas Jerrold, Esq. 3 vols.
With numerous Characteristic lUustra
tions after Thackeray.
*' We have alluded to the oddity of these
conceptions, to their humour, and to their
force and acuteness of observation. In de
scription, we may add, they are singulariy
clever ; and London folks and London scenes
are presented to us with a marvellous degree
of freshness and truth. A strong and search
ing spirit of satire also reigns throughout, and
many of the follies and evils of the times are
lashed in a style in which we know not whetha-
most to approve of the grotesqueness of their
exhibition, the moral of their exposure, or the
caustic severity of their punishment."— Lf/*-
rary Gazette.

14

MR. COLBURN'S LIST OF

SHAKSPEARE AND HIS
FRIENDS ; or, THE GOLDEN
AGE OF MERRY. ENGLAND.
3 vols.
**We have been better pleased with this
work than with any we have met with for a
long time. The ground upon which the
author has ventured is fearfully full of diffi
culties, but he has threaded his way with con
siderable skill. Shakspeare^ Burbage, Ben
Jonson, Sir W. Raleigh, Lord Burghley,
Elizab^, are brought in vivid portraiture
before us; the generous disposition, ready
vrit, and noble bearing of the immortal poet
being pictured with rare success. There are
few scenes, even in Scott, more powerful than
the one between the miser, Gregory Vellum,
and his would-be murderers ; whilst for prac
tical fun and reckless humour we would in
troduce Harry Daring as a capital specimen of
a right mischievous, but right brave youngster-
The adventures of Sir Walter Raleigh are
skilfully interwoven with the plot.*' — Age.
LIGHTS AND SHADOWS
OF IRISH LIFE. By Mrs. S. C.
Hall, Authoress of " The Buccaneer,"
'* Uncle Horace," &c. 3 vols.
" We can give the most unqualified recom
mendation to these Lights and Shadows of
Irish Life. They are pictures of living manners
by a writer who has hved from her girlhood to
womanhood in the very scenes she describes ;
every person connected with Ireland will feel
the charm of these volumes, and every one
who delights in pictures of natural passion and
domestic feelings will recognise in these pages
the genius of a writer of the first order." —
Messenger.
THE GREENWICH PEN
SIONERS. A Companion to Mr.
Glejg's *' Chelsea Pensioners." 3 vols.
" This is a worthy companion to Mr. Gleig's
admired work on Chelsea Hospital. In the
book before us, however, the author has taken
a wider field for the exhibition of his talent,
and the subject is altogether a more interesting
one." — Court Journal.
THE MAN ABOUT TOWN,
By the Author of " Glances at Life," &c.
3 vols." This author has vralked the streets of this
great town with an observant eye and a
benevolent heart. He reminds us (and this is
no slender praise) of Charles Lamb."— (j^war-
terly Review.
THE COURTIER'S
DAUGHTER. By Lady Stepnev.
Svols. " A charming specimen of Lady Stepney's
powers in the world of fiction. Her ' Courtier's
Daughter' mingles enough of romance with
the realities of modern life to astonish as well
as interest the reader."— -Jo An Bull.

ROYSTON GOWER ; or,
THE DATS OF KING JOHN.
By Thomas Miller, Author of "A Day
in the Woods," &c. 3 vols. ti
" Mr. Miller lifts produced an extraordinary
work. He has put life and blood into the time
nf King John. Knights, barons, priests, and
high-born damsels, carry on the stirring plot
through court and camp. Judgment seat and
conflict, intrigue and wassail— the whole is a
vivid picture of a memorable period.*'— LiYe-
rary Gazette.
RAFF HALL. By Robert
SuLivAN, Esq. 3 vols,
" A singular work ; full of merit and amuse
ment.' ' — Dispatch .
" A very lively, pleasant book. We have
pleasure in doing justice to Mr. SuUvan's wit,
and to the good feeling which animates his
work ; it is humorous without being gross,
and sensible without conceit or pretence." —
Atlas.
LOVE: A NOVEL. By
Lauy Charlotte Bdry, Author of
" Flirtation," *' The Divorced," &c. 3
vols. " This story is exceedingly interesting, and
admits of ample opportunities of giving more
than a temporary value to it, by exposing the
follies and vices of society. The character of
woman is seen in very striking lights, and is
portrayed by one who well understands what
it is, and what it might become." — Court
Journal,
JANE LOMAX ; or, A MO
THER'S CRIME. By the Author
of *' Brambletye House," ** Reuben
Apsley," &c. 3 vols.
• ' Jane Lomax is, ¦without question, Mr.
Smith's most attractive production. There is
the same polished style, the same ^ugh moral
tone, that distinguished its predecessors j but
the characters are more vividly drawn, and the
narrative much more dramatic." — Literary
Gazette.

MARY RAYMOND, AND
OTHER TALES. By Mrs. Gore.
3 vols." The hand of power is visible everywhere j
and we are compelled to wonder that such vi
gorous and masterly conceptions should have
sprung from the imagination of a woman.*' —
Atlas.
FLITTINGS OF FANCY.
By Robert S o li va n , Esq. 2 vols,
" Productions of striking grace, tenderness,
and romantic mtQrest."^ Court Journal.
" The vein of originahty which characterizes
Mr. Sulivan's sketches is deUghtful."— Lt7e-
rary Gazette.

NEW PUBLICATIONS.

15

NOURMAHAL, the Light of
the Harem. An OrientfA Romance.
By M. J. QoiN, Esq., Author of "A
Steam Voyage down the Danube," &c.
3 vols.* ^
," Taking the facts afforded to him by the
history of the times as a base whereon to
build, Mr. Quin« by the assistance of a power
ful fancy, has constructed a work which can
not fail of pleasing." — Mormng Chronicle.
OUTWARD BOUND; or,
a Merchatit*s Aflventures. By the Au
thor of " Rattlin the Reefer," " The
Old Commodore," &c. 3 vols.
•* This work wiQ most decidedly class with
the best specimens of the nautical school of
imaginative writing."— TFceWy Chronicle.
HUMAN LIFE. By the
Author of "Tremaine," and " De Vere. "
Svols. **A most delig:htful work, abounding, like
' Tremaine,* in beautiful descriptions, and, like
•De Vere,* in strong and lively pictures of
hmnan character in the different varieties of
life ." — Messenger.
" It is a real pleasure to find this gifted
writer again contributing the treasures of his
mind to the general stock of our literature.
His writings are of higher purpose and value
than to be read and forthwith dismissed ;
they are of the kind to be stored in private
libraries, and recurred to from time to time,
as a stiU fresh solace and delig;ht." — Sun.
THE PRISONER OF
FENESTRELLA; or, CAPTIVITY
CAPTIVE. 2 vols.
*' One of the most ingenious, interesting,
and ima^;inative fictions, that has come under
our notice." — Morning Post.
" We have read this littie romance with the
truest pleasure. It is conceived with simplicity
and beauty." — Examiner.

THE DIVORCED. By
Lady Charlotte Bury, Authoress of
** Flirtation," &c. 2 vols.
" This new novel is one of the most effec
tive of Lady Bury's productions. The story is
powerfully and admirably told, and it seems
to us that not only is it founded on fact, but
that the characters are .phiefiy drawn from
the me."~JoJin Bull.

PASCAL BRUNO. A
Sicilian Story. Edited by Theodore
Hook, Esq. 1 vol.
" Mr. Hook destfves the thanks of all
readers of romanc^for introducing to the
English pubhc this capital tale of surprise and
adventure." — Athenaeum.

MEMOIRS Of a peeress.
Edited by Lauy Chahlottk Bury-
Second Edition. ^ 3 vols.
•* This is an extraordinary clever book. The
writer has a great talent for description and
the sketching of characters, and is gifted with
much sense and judgment. In the course of
the work we are introduced to the private
lives of Fox. Burke, Sheridan, and all the
illustrious characters of that memorable era,
and we are equally famillariz^l witti the
galaxy of fashion when ^e Prince of Wales
was considered the acm^ of grace and ele
gance." — Dispatch.
HENRIETTA TEMPLE :
A Love Story. By the Author of
"Vivian Grey," Second Edition, 3
vols. ** One of the most agreeable love stories
ever written." — New Monthly.
*' This novel eminentiy possesses all Mr.
D'lsraeU's characteristic energy and origin
ality of style. The volumes abound in bold
and beautiftd passages." — Edin, Even. Post. '

THE DAN-

VIOLET; or,
SEUSE. 2 vols.
" A perfect revival of the genius of Inch-
bald." — Examiner.
'* * Violet' is a most remarkable work, full of
feeling, vigour, and truth, set forth by a sin
gularly dramatic style. The story is of in
tense interest, and there are scenes whose
pathos is unrivalled." — Literary Gazette.

THE DUCHESS DE LA
VALLIERE ; AND MADAME
DE MAINTENON. 2 vols.

"These are two noble historical tales of
misfortune and splendour, with so much only
of the tincture of romance as renders them
more agreeable and touching. The entire
history of Madame de la VaUiere is here
related with perfect accuracy." — Messenger.
GENTLEMAN JACK. A
Naval Story. By the Author of
" Cavendish/' &c. 3 vols.
" ' Gentleman Jack' contains scenes not sur
passed by * Peter Simple.' " — Liverpool Mail.
"All you who dehght in a cruise, now is your
chance — embark in the stout barque com
manded by * Grentleman Jack,' and enjoy your
trip. Here you may, in imagination, join the
cutting-out and storming parties along shore ;
the dangers of the tempests at sea; the
boardings and battles of Britannia's bulwarks ;
take an impartial glance at the mutiny at Spit-
head, and have a touch at the buccaneering
practices of the privateers in the South Seas ;
you may partake in the privations of a French
prison with our hero, and the hair-breadth
chances of an escape therefrom, and all with
out quilting your comfortable fireside."— Ca^e-
donian Mercury.

16

MR. COLBURN'S LIST, ETC.

MRS. ARMYTAGE; or,
FEMALE DOMINATION. By
the Authoress of " Mothers and Daugh
ters." Second editidft. Svols.
" This is the best 6f Mrs. Gore's works.
The story is new and full of interest." — Lite
rary Gazette.
" A cleverwork, as everything ¦which comes
from the pen of Mrs. Gore mustbe."— jlMe-
neeum. ^ ^
DIARY OF A DESEN-
NUYEE. With a Peep into the Salons
of the Tuileries and St. James's. Second
Edition. 2 vols.
" The D^sennuyde is a work of considerable
merit, when considered, not as a novel, but as
a vigorous, and often a just, satire on the
vices and follies abounding in the civilization
of modem Europe. It is the production of
one who knows society well." — Athenamm.
ETHEL CHURCHILL ; or,
THE TWO BRIDES. A Story of
the Reign of George" 1 1. By Miss L. E.
Landon, Authoress of " The Improvisa-
trice," &c. 3 vols.
" Such a record of female sentiment and
passion as has hardly been published since
the days of 'Corinne.* 'Ethel Churchill*
abounds in brilliEmt thoughts and fine poetry,
acute wit and observation, which for its depth
and feeling, is quite unwomanlike." — Times.
SNARLEYYOW, or, THE
DOG FIEND. By Capt. Marb-yat.
3 vols.
" Not inferior to any of Captain Marryat's
previous works, ' Peter Simple' alone excepted.
It is grotesque and humorous from beginning
to end." — Athenecum.
" This is a work in a completely new style ;
and full of spirit it is I The dash of historic
character gives great effect to the wild and
animated narrative." — Literary Gazette.
UNCLE HORACE. By
Mrs. S-C. Hall, Authoressof "Sketches
of Irish Character," " The Buccaneer,"
&c. 3 vols.
"This novel will assuredly rank with the
best of our works of fiction. The hero, ' Uncle
Horace,' is a grand specimen of the wealthy
and independent British merchant; and the
conception of the characters of the gentle
Mary Lorton, and the noble-minded Lady
Ellen Revis is alone calculated to stamp Mrs.
Hall as one of the first novelists of the day."
— Caledonian Mercury.

STORIES OF SPANISH
LIFE. Edited by Lii(fT.. Colonel
CaAUFDRD, Grenadier Guards. 2 vols,
•* These volumes are a welcome and valu
able addition to English literatarei'#ving by-
far the best view of Spanish life we have yet
met with. No modem writer has so thbfoUehly
penetrated the Spanish character In lt«
strength and its weakness, its vices, ita vir
tues, and its peculiarities. The vices of the
Spanish character, its disregard of shedding
blood, its abject superstition, its wild revenge,
are all drawn vrith vivid and startling effect."
. — Spectator.
STOKESHILL PLACE ; or,
THE MAN OF BUSINESS. By
Mrs. Gore, Authoress of " Mrs. Ar-
mytage," &c. Second Edition. 3 vols.
'* This novel will increase the already well-
eamed reputation of Mrs. Gore. It is extremely
we^l written. Mrs. Gore depicts the con
ventional character of society, and the secret
springs by which human motives are governed,
with equal feUcity. An excellent moral is
ehcited by the events and catastrophe of
Stokeshill Place." — Times.

VENETIA. By the Author
of "Vivian Grey," "Henrietta Temple,"
&c. Second Edition. 3 vols,
'* A work wrhich must extend and strengthen
the author's cdready wide and well-established
fame." — Fraser's Magazine.
'* This story is shaped upon the character of
Lord Byron, and some of tiie events of his life.
He figures here as the hero of the piece. There
is much of poetical beauty and vivid descrip
tion throughout the volumes. The personal
scenes are finely wrought, and the literary
topics discussed shew much of originality and
power." — Literary Gazette.
THE HUSSAR. By the
Author of *' The Subaltern," &c.
Second Edition. 2 vols.
^'Few will rise from the perusal of Mr.
Gleig's new work without feelings of the
highest gratification. He takes his hero
through batUes, sieges, and assaults, under
Sir Arthur Wellesley, Sir Robert Wilson, Lord
Heathfield, Sir David Baird, Lords Frederick
and William Bentinck, and many others, in
Germany, the West Indies, Spain, Italy, and
various other places ; in the Prince of Wales's
Hussars, in the Guernsey Troop, in the York
Hussars, in the 20th Light Dragoons, and in
more places and characters than we can enu
merate. A more exciting work has not ap
peared for a long time.'"— Court Journal.

T. C. SavUl, Printer, 107, St. Martin's Lane, Charing Cross.

YALE UNIVERSITY

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