' DIARY OF HENRY TOWNSHEND OF ELMLEY LOVETT. 1640—1663. EDITED FOR THE WORCESTERSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY BY J. W. WILLIS BUND. VOL. II. $rwteo for tfje Horcestersfjire historical Soeietg, By MITCHELL HUGHES AND CLARKE, LONDON, E.C. 4. 1920. CONTENTS. Chapter I. PAGES. Before 1640 - 1 — 11 Chapter II. 1640 ------ 12 — 27 Chapter III. 1641 ------ 28 — 48 Chapter IV. 1642 ------ 49 — 91 Chapter V. 1643- ----- 92—157 Chapter VI. 1644- ----- 158—188 Chapter VII. 1645- - - - - - 189 — 248 Chapter VIII. 1646- ----- 249 — 267 Chapter IX. 1646 — 1660 _ _ _ - 268 — 282 Chapter X. Miscellaneous Matters - - - 283 — 298 Index to Diary _ - - - 1 — 39 CHAPTER I. MATTERS BEFORE 1 64O. Although the Diary really begins with the impressment of soldiers for the Scotch war and the summoning of the Short Parliament in April 1640, there are in the _MS. copies of one or two earlier documents of considerable interest, and which, in so far as Worcestershire is concerned do not appear anywhere else, and so are important for County History. The first is dated 1625. Charles's first Parliament met on the 17th May in that year, two months after his accession. Charles was in great need of money. The House of Commons were only willing to vote one subsidy and one-fifteenth, nearly £100,000, about one-tenth of what the King required. On the 1 2th August 1625 the Parliament was dissolved without having voted even this small sum. Money, however, was absolutely necessary, and the Government proceeded to " gather " two subsidies. Commissioners were appointed by the Crown to collect them. This was done by taking the Hundreds as the area for collection, and appointing a " High Collector " for each Hundred in the county, whose duty it was to " gather " by means of distress the sums of money set against the name of the different persons in the schedule. How the names of the persons and the sums to be paid were arrived at does not appear ; probably they were taken from the schedules used in collecting the last subsidy in 1624. This warrant is dated 21 October 1 Charles I., 1625, and as given by Townshend is as follows : — P- !73' The warrant to the High Collector for gathering % subsidies. Wigorn SS. To T. F. of Broinsgrove in the County of Worcester, gent., High Collector of the Hundreds of the Halfshire [and Doddingtree] within the said County. B 2 ANNALS. These shall be to require you and in the King's Majesty's name straitly to charge and command you that speedily and diligently you do levy and gather by way of distress (if need require) to his Highness use the particular sums of money upon every of the persons herein .... (these schedules) mentioned for the payment .... two first whole and entire subsidies .... to his Majesty his heirs and successors by Act [of] Parliament. And that you do not only .... thereof into His Majesty's Exchequer [on those] days and times as is limited in the said [Act] and also yield your account for the same, at ... . as for the contrary you will answer at ... . Written and sealed by us his Majesty's commissioners the same whose names are subscribed the a Ist of October the first year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord Charles by the Grace of God of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, etc., Anno Domini 1625. At the end of the schedule there are labels, and there the Com missioners put their seals and subscribe their names. This is written all in parchment, as for example : — Belbroughton Humphry Perrot, gent., in terris . ^5 208 John Paget, gent., in terris . . ^4 168 The leaf on which this document is entered is decayed, and part of it is missing. It is, however, obvious that as given it is merely a summary to shew the nature of the warrant, and not a copy. As originally drawn it applied to the Hundreds of Halfshire and Doddingtre, but the latter has been struck out so as to make it relate to Halfshire only. There is nothing relating to the second Parliament of Charles I., that of 1626. Of the third Parliament that met on the 17th March 1628, the question of the ways in which the Government had raised money without the authority of Parliament gave rise to stormy debates. The Petition of Right was passed, and the Parliament was prorogued first to the 20th October 1628, then until the 20th January 1629, and on the 10th March it was dissolved. Money was urgently required, and the Government again proceeded to raise it, although not voted by Parliament. How, is shewn by the next document : "An assessment of the Hundred ANNALS. 3 of Halfshire 28th April 1629." It gives each parish and the sum that it was to pay. Unfortunately it is imperfect, having only 29 parishes out of 35.* The total of these parishes is £244. The highest is Kingsnorton, £24 115. q.d. ; the lowest Church Lench, 12,?. The interest, however, mainly consists in the fact that in addition to the sum payable in 1629, the amounts called for in 1641 and 1642 are also given, and the rise is considerable, in some cases double. The 1629 assessment appears in the left- hand column. p. 174. 28* April 1629, 5th Caroli R. John Radford, High Collector of Kidderminster, gent. The Assessment of the Hundred of Halfshire. 2 subsidies gathered by Robert Kimberley of Bromsgrove. For one subsidy due 17 Carol. I. 1 641 . 1642. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Belbroughton 8 8 0 16 16 6 16 17 4 Bently Pauncefot 4 9 4 21 1 4 4 0 20 13 8 4 Bromsgrove 23 12 0 5° 4 1 19 0 8 Chaddesley Corbet 13 5 11 28 4 8 27 14 0 8 8 0 Cofton Hackett . 2 16 0 6 0 0 5 '2 0 Churchill . 1 6 0 2 12 0 2 4 0 Churchlench 0 16 0 1 12 0 1 12 0 Cradley 3 0 0 5 16 0 5 8 0 Crowle part 2 5 4 4 18 8 4 18 8 [Do] vcrdale 2 6 4 4 ° 0 4 0 0 [D] roitwich 15 18 0 30 12 0 3 4 30 10 0 [Dud] ley . 4 4 0 8 9 7 12 0 6 2 8 [Elm] bridge 5 16 0 11 8 0 10 16 0 2 08 # For list of Parishes (34) then comprised in the Hundred see Introduction to Nash, p. lix. Modern alterations and subdivision of parishes raised the number to 68 in 1911, but the Birmingham Extension Act reduced it to 64, at which it now, 1916, stands. [Elm] ley Lovet . [Fe]ckenham et Horn Frankley HagleyHadsor Hampton Lovet . Kidderminster Borough Kidderminster Foreign King's Norton Kington Kingford LudleyNorthfield . Oldswinford et Stour bridge ANNALS. 7 12 8 *5 3 4 760 3 14 o 1 16 o 11 4 o 18 5 4 11 18 o 24 11 4 2 14 8 o 12 o o 16 o 8 9 4 Overmitton . 6 12 1 4 p. 176, continuation of p. 174- Pedmore ... 26 Rushock . . . 3 10 Salwarp ... 78 Stone ... 48 Bentley stand, Sir Jo. Pratt. Tarbig and Redder . 5 Upton Warren") Cooksay J" 3 Worley ... 2 Wvchbold et Dodderhill 6 oo o ooo 1 4 4 o 4 8 9 12 20 14 14 12 7 8 3 I2 22 8 2 35 l6 22 18 3 8 19 4 18 8 1 12 o 1 12 o 15 J7 4 14 16 2 8 o oo o o o 8 3 4° 6 12 o 14 16 o 8 16 o 000968480 13 2 8 9 8 o 4 29 16 14 8 6 16 3 ia 22 8 33 ° 22 16 8 2 8 17 o 4 4 8 o 8 1 4 1 12 15 14 o 2 0o o ooooo o 8 4o o oooo 8 14 16 o 280 3406 12 8 14 16 o 8 16 o 000 1 1 4 480 12 8 o 068 ^244 1 4 ^497 ° 8 ^474 0 4 .... paid by Mr Robert Kimberley, collector for the [two] £ s. d. first subsidies into the Exchequer .... 428 0 o .... the rest in certificate. memd. paid by Mr John Lacy, collector for the two last subsidies into the Exchequer ..... 423 6 0 The rest in Certificate. ANNALS. 5 It will be noticed that the assessment for 1629 was for one subsidy, while those for 1641 and 1642 were for two, so it would be expected that they would be double in amount. This is so in some cases, but not in all. For instance, Bentley Pauncefoot in 1629 paid £4 gs. ^.d., while in 1641 it paid £21 is. 46?. King's Norton in 1629 paid £24 11*. 4^., in 1641 it only paid 195. 4c?. Elmley Lovett in 1629 paid £7 12.S. 8c?., in 1641 it paid £9 1 2 s. od., and in 1642 £9 8s. od. One other piece of information as to the way in which the county contributed to any levy is given in the MS. The rate in each hundred differed. The rates which appear to have been fixed for all subsidies are thus stated in other parts of the MS. : — p. 467. " The Hundred of Oswaldslow pays for every tax one 3d part throughout the county. " Dodingtree pays an 8th part. " Blakenhurst pays a 12th part. " Pershore pays a 4th part. " Halfshire pays a 5th part and 2d over in every pound."* p. 487. "The rates of the Hundred of Pershore agreed according to an order of Sessions made 6 October 22 Jacobi as followeth. Pershore and Blakenhurst Hundreds to bear a third part of the County with 3 parts subdivided, Blakenhurst one part and Pershore 3 parts in 4." It would be a matter of interest to ascertain how these differences arose. Why the Church of Worcester and the Bishop paid more than the abbeys of Evesham and Pershore. The Diary gives some little information as to how far Worcestershire was affected by the celebrated question of ship money. In 1633 the English Navy had sunk so low that Charles proposed to the Spanish Ambassador that Spanish ships * Nash, Introduction lxiii., says this was settled by a jury impanelled for that purpose 34 Sept. 1638, but gives no reference or authority for his statement. 6 ANNALS. should be sent to protect English fishing-boats from the molesta tions of the Dutch. This, however, fell through, but it served to shew Charles the crying need of raising money for a navy to meet the increasing outrages of the Dutch. How could a fleet be provided without calling a Parliament ? The Attorney- General Noy in 1634 advised that the legal method of doing this was to call upon seaport towns to furnish ships fully manned and equipped for the defence of the realm, and pointed out that the practice had been followed up to 1626. This opinion was supported by the Lord Keeper Coventry.* A committee of the Privy Council was appointed to consult with Noy how best to carry this mode of raising money into effect. Noy, however, died on 10th August 1634, and the Council were left without his help. They resolved to proceed with his proposal, and on the 20th October 1634 the first ship money writs were issued. These were only sent to the maritime ports and the sea-coast towns. This was calculated to produce ,£104,252, but of this London alone paid ,£20,688. London remonstrated, but gave way. The fleet was provided, put to sea, returned to port in 1635, having done nothing. During the absence of the fleet the Lord Keeper Coventry, in addressing the judges on the 17th June 1635, in accordance with the then custom before they went on circuit, told them that the King found it necessary to increase the fleet, and that writs would go out not only to the maritime towns but to the inland counties as well, as what was for the safety of all should be borne by all. Acting on this principle, on the 4th August 1635 writs were issued to all the counties in England and Wales, the King desiring to raise the sum of £208,900 for further provision of a fleet. The writs were sent to the Sheriffs of the * Son and heir of Thomas Coventry, one of the judges of the Court of Common Pleas, by Margaret, the daughter of William Jefferies of Croome d'Abitot, born 1578, called to Bar 1603, Attorney-General 1620, Lord Keeper 1625 till his death in 1640; created Baron Coventry of Allesborough 1628. ANNALS. 7 counties, who were directed to raise in each county the sum named in each writ. The legality of the levy was contested ; ten out of the twelve judges advised it was legal. Charles and his advisers now considered that whatever it might be in theory, in practice ship money was a permanent charge on the country, and proceeded so to treat it. On 9th October 1636 writs were issued for the third levy of ship money. This caused a fairly general resistance. Charles again consulted the judges on its legality, and the great majority of them, nine out of twelve, held it to be legal, while the remaining three signed the opinion as to its legality for the sake of conformity. Worcestershire can claim a large part in this contest. No one did more to induce the judges to decide in favour of ship money than a Worcestershire man, the Lord Keeper Coventry. No judge was more strongly convinced of its legality than another Worcestershire judge, Mr. Justice Berkeley. No stronger sup porter in argument in favour of ship money was found than another Worcestershire man, the Solicitor-General Sir Edward Lyttelton. Townshend gives a copy of the warrant sent out in 1638 by the Sheriff of Worcestershire, Edward Dineley, to the constables ot the different parishes demanding payment of ship money for that year and of the arrears for 1637. It is much injured by damp, but what remains is as follows : — P- J59- The High Sheriff's warrant for payment of the .... Shipmoney 14th Jan. 1638. To the Constable of Hampton Lovet, Gilbert Kimberley, High Constable of Bromsgrove Division. Whereas according to the tenor of his Ma[jesty's] .... divers special instructions lately directed .... from the Right HonoWe the Lords ... . of his highness most honourable privy .... unto the Worshipfull Thomas Greaves* .... * Thomas Greaves was Sheriff 1639-40. 8 ANNALS. Sheriff of this County the Sheriff .... And to divers others of the said County .... speedy providing of one ship of 20 ... . furnished with men: tackle muni [tions] .... and other necessaries to be set for ... . safeguard of the seas and defence .... Realm at the charges of both th . . . . there hath been a-making and an assessment .... upon by the said Sheriffs and divers m . . . . Bailiffs of corporate towns of both .... what each particular county shall pay towards the charge of the said ship and thereby the sum of ,#1250 assessed and imposed upon this County, City and Corporate towns whereof by an equal and just division by me since examined and proportioned according to the rate now agreed upon by the late Grand Jurie, your said parish and constable- wick is to pay the sum of six pounds three shillings and a penny, which said sum is particularly to be assessed there [on in] such manner as p. 160. .... herein is hereafter expressed by a precept from the said Sheriff of this County to be directed as it is commanded. These are there fore by virtue of the said precept and according to the directions therein contained to will and require you forthwith to cause a particular assess ment for the raising of the said sum of £6 3s id within the said constablewick to be made by two sufficient men thereof in writing under their hands, wherein respect must be had that cottagers which get their livings by daily labour be not charged, and that men of weak estates and great charge be considered And to set down particularly and expressly .... therein what you assess your parson and Vicar .... for ecclesiastical means and what for .... ere temporal estates and further that .... the said Constables do appear before the .... High Sheriff at the house of the said Tho: .... lanell in Bromsgrove upon Tuesday the 22nd of January instant by 9 of the clock and then there to bring and deliver unto the said High Sheriff there the said assessments, and that then you speedily collect and gather up the said money and thereof make speedy payment unto me. And further by virtue of another precept lately received likewise from the said Mr Tho. Greaves, High Sheriff, require you to collect and gather by way of distress or otherwise all the money that is yet in arrear and unpaid within your said constablewick towards the Ship money this last year in the time of Mr Dingleys Sherievalty and thereof to ANNALS. 9 p. 161. make speedy payment likewise unto me wherein if you remise or negligt any longer you will be assuredly bound over to answer the same to the Lords of his Majesty's Most Honourable P[rivy] Council where no devices or pret[ences] will be accepted.* The amount of ship money demanded from Worcestershire in 1638 was £1250. There is no mention as to this in Townshend's MS., but in the Russell Papers there is the following receipt : — "xxvi Martij xvii Caroli Rex 1636. Received this day and year above written by me Sir William Russell, Baronet, Sheriff of the County of Worcester, the sum of Forty two pounds of lawful English money for His Majesty's use for part of the ship money in the said County of Gilbert Kimberley, one of the High Constables of the Hundred of Halfshire, I say received the said sum ........... xlii. This is a true copy of the note which I received of Sir William Russell, Baronet, for the payment of the sum of xlii li. Gil. Kimberley." It would appear from this that the Sheriff received payment by instalments. In 1639 the sum to be paid by Worcestershire was £3800, and that actually paid ^3 189. For 1640 there is this note in the Townshend MS. : — p. 469. "The Ship money for the year 1640, John Winford, Esq., High Sheriff, is ^3500 whereof Elmley Lovett is taxed at ^19 35. \d. I am to pay ^4 thereof." Another document before 1640 is the list that Townshend * This shews the writ was issued after the judgment in R. v. Hampden. See Gardner, " History of England," viii., 280. C 10 ANNALS. gives of the Lords Lieutenant of the different counties in England. It is as follows : — P- 155- The names of all the Lord Lieutenants in England and Wales. Counties. Bedford. C Thomas E. of Cleveland. (.The Lord Bruce. Berks. Jo. Lord Lovelace. Bucks. Jo. E. of Bridgewater. Cambs. James E. of Suffolk. Cheshire. Cha. E. of Derby. Corn. Jo. E. of Bath. Cumb. Col. Charles Howard. Derby. Will. E. of Devon. Devon. Geo. Duke of Albemarle. Dorset. H. D. of Richmond and Lenox Durham. The Vise. Falconbridge. Essex. Aubrey E. of Oxford. Gloucester. H. Lord Herbert of Raglan. Hereford. H. L. Herbert of Raglan. Herts. L. Capel E. of Essex. Hunts. Ed. E. of Manchester. Ed. E. of Sandwich. Kent. Heneage E. of Winch. Lancaster. Ch. E. of Derby. Leicester. H. L. Loughb. Lincoln. Mon. E. of Lindsey. Midd. Ri. E. of Dorset. Tho. E. of Berks. Mon. H. L. Herbert of Raglan. Northants. J. E. of Exeter. E. of Westmorland. Norfolk. Th. E. of Southampton. Northum. Alger. E. of Northum. Oxon. Vise. Falkland. Rutland. Vise. Campden. Salop. Fr. L. Newport. Staffs. Rob. L. Brooke. Som. N. Duke of Somerset. South. Th. E. of Southampton. ANNALi. ii Suffolk. Surrey. Sussex. Worcester.Warwick.Wilts. Westmor. East Riding of York. West Riding. North Riding. 6 counties of South Wales. Ja. E. of Suffolk. Jo. Vis. Mordant. Alger. E. of Northumb. Tho. L. Windsor. Ja. E. of Northampton. Will. D. of Somerset. Col. Ch. Howard. Tho. Vise. Falconbridge. Marmaduke L. Langdale. Tho. Vise. Falconbridge. Earl of Carbery. There does not seem to be any list of the Deputy-Lieutenants in existence, nor is there any complete list of magistrates. From the names given in the Townshend MS. the following persons were Deputy-Lieutenants, but it is far from being a complete list : — Sir John Rous. Sir Walter Devereux. Sir William Russell. From the Sessions Records the following persons were certainly in the Commission of the Peace in 1640 : — Sir John Rous. William Childs. John Wylde. Humphrey Salwey. Thomas Good. Edward Lord Dudley. Sir James Pytts. William Warmstry. Sir Walter Devereux. William Smith. Sir Henry Herbert. Henry Townshend. Edward Vernon. John Nanfan. Henry Ingram. Edward Dineley. Thomas Cookes. Edward Richards. John Soley. Sir William Russell. Philip Brace. ANNALS. CHAPTER II. 1 640. April 1640, when the Diary begins, was a notable date in connection with the struggle between Charles and his Parliament. Strafford had returned from Ireland in the autumn of 1639, and had taken the direction of affairs. The Scotch were almost in rebellion, and at last it was decided to reduce them to obedience. To do this required money, and great diversity of opinion existed as to how the money should be raised. Strafford had no doubt, a Parliament, and only a Parliament. His advice was followed, and a Parliament summoned for 13th April 1640. Meanwhile the Scots were to be coerced into obedience. This was to be done by an army of 23,000 men, a number subsequently increased to 30,000, who were to be raised by impressment. The share of Worcestershire was 600, and out of this number Elmley Lovett was to contribute four. In fact they only sent three. The men were to assemble at Worcester on the 25th April 1640 at 9 a.m. with their arms complete. Out of the men assembled the fittest were to be selected. The authority under which they were assembled was an order of the Privy Council directed to the Lord Lieutenant, who called on his Deputy-Lieutenants to carry it out. The Deputy-Lieutenants sent a warrant to the constable of each parish ordering him to raise the number for which each parish was liable. The warrant to the Elmley Lovett constable, William Penn, is as follows : — p. 165. Wigorn. SS. To the Constable of Elmley L[ovet] six Supplyes. Forasmuch as we have lately received his ... . Majesty's pleasure and strict Command by Lords Fran .... the Lords of his Majesty's ANNALS. 13 most honourable Privy Council for the present and speedy levying and raising of 600 men to be taken o . . . . f . . . . trained Bands of this County of u . . . . to be weekly exercised and put in a ... . nes fit for his Majesty's service into t . . . . theme parts these are therefore in h . . . . name to charge and command you t . . . . present summons and warning unto .... trained soldiers belonging to ... . to be and appear before us at the .... of Worcester upon the xxvth day of this .... April by ix of the Clock in the Mor[ning] .... together with their arms complete .... then and there to be selected and made choi[ce] of (for such of them as shall be thought fit for that service) And withal to receive such further directions according to the content of the said Letters. Fail not the accomplishment and return hereof at your peril from Worcester the 11th of April 1640. And for the supplying of any defects we further-\ your loving friends require you to bring with you at the said time two / Wa. Devereux. other able and sufficient men of person and estate C Will. Russell. for ... . training duly soldiers within your .... J John R[ou]s. This warrant to the constable was signed by three Deputy- Lieutenants, Sir Walter Devereux, Sir William Russell and John Rous. It seems that no party feeling entered into this matter, as Russell, the future Governor of Worcester, was one of the strongest of the Cavaliers. Rous was a Puritan, the friend of Baxter. At Rous's house part of the Saint's Rest was written. The men assembled at Worcester were to be trained for a month from the 25th April to the 20th May. Each soldier was paid Sd. a day for his training day, but was allowed to work the rest of the week and get what he could.* The men were billeted at different places in the county — Worcester, Droitwich, Evesham, Pershore and Bewdley. For some reason none of the Halfshire towns, Dudley, Bromsgrove, * Ante, Vol. I., p. a. i4 ANNALS. Kidderminster and Stourbridge had men billeted on them. Why they escaped from compulsory billeting, which was often com plained of as an intolerable grievance, is not easy to say. Having got the men, the next thing was to get them equipped and to provide transport for their convoy to the north. A letter from the Lords of the Council to the Lord Lieutenant and Deputy-Lieutenants of each county informs them — That the Commander in Chief the Earl of Northumberland had appointed Lord Conway to the command of His Majesty's Army and Forces sent into the Northern parts, and required them to raise the trained bands of Horse and foot and money in their County to assist Lord Conway. In pursuance of this order the Deputy-Lieutenants proceeded to raise ,£1200 out of the county for equipping and sending forth the 600 men raised in the county, and to buy for them 50 cart horses and provide 17 carts and 17 carters. Of the ,£1200, Elmley Lovett's share was £7 10s. od* William Penn of Harborough, the constable, accordingly issued to each of the occupiers in the parish the following warrant : — p. 167. Wigorn. SS. To the Constable of Elmley Lovet. Whereas I have received a warrant from the right Worshipful the deputy Lieutenants of this County for the speedy levying, collecting and paying in of part of ^1200 imposed upon this said county for the conducting of 600 footmen for his Majesty's service into the northern part and buying coats .... And also for the providing for them .... strong and able Horses for the .... of artillery and for the carria[ge] .... mame and requisite provisions and .... to attend thereon for the streng .... * See Vol. I., p. 2. ANNALS. *5 advancement of his Majesty's service .... these are therefore in his Majesty's n . . . . require and charge you forthwith .... and collect within your parish the sum .... £7 io3 od which is your part (rightly p [ropor] tioned) towards the said charge. And that you make payment thereof unto me at my house at Harborow upon the seventh day of May next And hereof fail not at your perils. Dated this 28th day of April 1640 your loving friend William Penne. Before Parliament met, the justices in Worcestershire took some rather remarkable steps on local taxation. On the 16th April 1640 they held a meeting at Bromsgrove to determine the apportioning of the rate for the Hundred of Halfshire. They resolved that the rate should be divided into five equal parts, and as between the two divisions into which the Hundred had been divided, Bromsgrove should pay three-fifths, and Kidder minster should raise the remaining two-fifths. The warrant is as follows : — p. 484. Apud Bromsgrove 16th April 1641. We thus agree concerning the proportioning of the rate for the hundred of the Halfshire as followeth, viz. : — When any sum is imposed upon the said hundred it shall be divided into five equal parts, of which Bromsgrove division shall pay three parts and Kidderminster division two parts. And of those three parts so to be borne by Bromsgrove division the several parishes within the said division shall pay according to this proportion, viz., to the payment of the Master of the house of Correction, being for Bromsgrove division, £2 io8 oa. And we also thus agree that after this proportion the said parishes shall pay in all other payments and Taxations whatsoever, and the same to be forthwith set down in a parchment roll so that it may be tendered at the next quarter Sessions of the peace, there to be confirmed by the justices of the peace attending, as in like case hath already been done. i6 ANNALS. To the Master To the To the To the To the of the house Gaol mained muster King's of Correction soldiers master provisions £20. £42. £80. £47- ^3°o. p. 485. s. d. ^. d . £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. King's Norton 7 " 16 7 ob. 1 n 8 0 18 7 S 18 9 Bromsgrove 7 " 16 7 ob. 1 n 8 0 18 7 5 18 9 Feckenham et Home 7 1 14 io ob. 1 8 4 0 16 7 ob. i 5^3 Droitwich . 4 12 ob. 10 5 0 19 10 0 11 7 ob. \ 3 14 4 ob. Wychbold, Dodder- hill and Elmbridge 4 0 8 S 0 16 0 0 9 5 300 Redditch, Tardebigg and Bentley . 3 2 qr 6 60b. 0 12 9 0 7 5°M 27 ob. \ Northfield and Cofton 2 10J 6 9* 0 n S 0 6 8ob.i 2 2 11J Salwarp 2 6 S 3 0 10 0 0 5 10 ob. 1 17 6 Upton Warren and Cooksey 2 0 4 2 ob. 080 0 4 80b. 1 10 0 Hampton Lovet 2 0 4 2 ob. 080 0 4 8 ob. 1 10 0 Doverdale 1 6 3 « °b. J 0 6 0 0 3 6 ob. 126 Hadzor 1 2 2 5 ob. 048 0 2 8 ob. i 0 17 6 Kington 1 3 2 7 ob. 050 0 2 nj 0 18 9 Church lench 0 8 1 4 ob. i 0 2 8 0 1 6 ob. J 0 10 0 Part of Crowle . 1 0 2 ii 040 0 2 4| 0 15 0 £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ 5. i^. £ s. d. 2 IO 0 S S 0 10 0 0 s 17 6 37 10 ° p. 486. s. d. 3'. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Kidderminster borough and foreign . 5 7 1 1 10 ob. i 1 2 4 0 13 2 ob. 4 3 9 Chaddesley Corbett . S 3 II 0 ob. 1 1 0 0 12 4 3 18 9 Belbroughton . 4 0 3 S 0 16 0 0 9 S 3 9 0 Oldswinford and Stourbridge . 2 8 5 7 0 10 8 0 6 3i 200 Stone and Upper Mitton . 2 2 4 6 ob. i 0 8 8 0 S 1 1 12 5 Elmley Lovet . 2 6 5 3 0 10 0 0 5 10 ob. 1 17 6 Dudley 2 0 4 2 ob. 080 0 4 80b. 1 10 0 Cradley, Warley and Ludley . 2 0 4 2 ob. 080 0 4 80b. 1 10 0 Frankley . 1 7 3 4 064 0 3 80b. 1 3 9 Hagley 1 7 3 4 064 0 3 80b. 1 3 9 Pedmore . 2 0 4 20b. 080 0 4 80b. 1 10 0 Churchill and King- ford 0 9 1 7 030 0 1 9i 0 11 3 Rushock . » 3 2 7 ob. 050 0 2 uj 0 18 9 £ s. d. £ s. d. £ >. d. £ ¦s. d. £ s. d. 1 13 4 3 10 3 6 13 4 3 18 4i 2$ 0 0 Tho. Littleton. Rich. Shynnet. Rich. Greves. Roger Lowe . ANNALS. 17 The document is of interest outside the question of the value of each parish, although that is of importance, for the way in which it divides the moneys collected among the different authorities. The gaoler and the gaol took £61, the wounded soldier £80, provision for the King £300, and the muster master £47. Thus out of £489, no less than £347 went for military purposes. Justice cost the least, £6l. This was because of the fees the gaolers were entitled to get from the prisoners, which made the gaols nearly self-supporting, while maimed soldiers was a charge placed on the different counties by Statute, and appears to have been a continuous charge, but varying in amount. The military charges were the ones complained of. Up till now the Sovereign had kept the force out of the revenues of the Crown ; now it was sought to transfer it to the nation. This document gives some idea of what the charge meant, and why it was so resented. There is no indication how the total charge was arrived at, nor how the division between the Bromsgrove portion of the Hundred, fifteen parishes, should pay three parts, and the Kidderminster thirteen parishes two parts. It was agreed that in the Bromsgrove division whatever pro portion of the total of the three parts was paid towards the sum payable for the House of Correction, the same proportion of the total should be paid by all the other parishes in that division. This apportionment was to apply to all other rates. There is nothing to shew how the division of the Hundred into two divisions was arrived at, nor how the Bromsgrove division paid more than the Kidderminster, nor why the sum payable to the Master of the House of Correction was fixed on as the unit for calculating the other payments. This arrangement was subject to the approval of the Quarter Sessions and had to be confirmed there, and this appears to have been done on previous occasions. 1 8 ANNALS. Having settled how the Halfshire rate was to be borne, another entry shews how the rates were borne as between the Hundreds. p. 487. " The rate of the Hundred of Pershore agreed according to an order of Sessions made 6 Oct., 22 Jacobi as followeth. Pershore and Blakenhurst Hundreds to bear a third part of the County which third part sub-divided Blakenhurst one part and Pershore 3 parts or four." Parliament met on the 15th April. The Worcestershire members were mostly new men. For the County Sir Thomas Littleton. Sir John Pakington. Littleton had sat in all Charles's Parliaments. Pakington made his first and last appearance in this. For the City John Coucher. John Nash. Coucher was an old member, had sat in some of James's Parliaments. Nash was new. He was the well-known founder of Nash's Almshouses in Worcester. For Droitwich John Wylde. Samuel Sandys. Wylde was an old member, having sat in all Charles's Parliaments. Sandys was a new man. Evesham William Sandys. William Morton. Both these were new men. Bewdley Sir Henry Herbert. He had not sat before for Bewdley. Thus out of nine members, six were new.* In the King's * Townshend's entry is : — p. 469. " The Parliament began 13th of April. Sir J. Littelton, Sir John Packington, Baronetts, Knights of the Shire," ANNALS. 19 speech it was stated that the King had been compelled to raise an army. For the payment of that army money was urgently needed. The House did not take the hint. On 17th April numerous petitions complaining of grievances were presented. Pym made a strong speech against the grievances under which the country suffered, on the one hand against the Roman Catholics, on the other against the new military charges which had formerly been borne by the Crown — coat and conduct money, cost of raising new levies, which it was now sought to put it on the public ; " military charges," he said, " and impositions upon counties by letters only from the Council Table, whereby soldiers' conduct money and coats are to be provided at the county charge, and horses also provided without ground in law. Many things of this kind are done by Deputy-Lieutenants on their own account." It will thus be seen that the Worcestershire grievances were brought before Parliament in spite of the efforts of the leaders of the Court party to legalize them. There is nothing to shew the part the Worcestershire members took : possibly none, for there was not much opportunity for new mem bers. As the Parliament refused or delayed to vote the King money he had no need of them, so on the 5 th May the King went down to Westminster and dissolved Parliament. The following account of the men thus raised is summarized by Townshend : — p. 469. "April 22, 1640. There was pressed for supply of the Trained Band which should go for His Majesty's service to suppress the rebellious Scots out of this County of Worcester 600 men of foot. And they are to be exercised with the trayned men's arms twice a week until the 20th May and then they are to go to Newcastle to the rendevous. Persons pressed for Elmley Lovett 3. Henry Powell, Richard Crow,* mason, Rowland Edwards, taylor, Christopher Stutty he was changed." * This name is struck out. 10 ANNALS. This probably refers to the direction that each man was to bring two others, and the best was to be selected, so a fitter man was put in Stutty's place. The soldiers' departure was delayed. They were to have marched to the north on the 28 th May. Their departure was then postponed until the 7th June, and then until July 1. In the interval they were to live at their own cost, and not at the cost of the country. In spite of this difficulties arose ; some deserted, and when their place was filled up by new men these had to be clothed, so that a larger sum had to be expended on stores than was expected. Some only waited to get the conduct money and then deserted. Some the Deputy-Lieutenants, who appear to have acted as officers, considered unfit and discharged. The new men who took their places had to be drilled. At last, however, the difficulties were surmounted, and the march to the north was begun. There are, unfortunately, no details of this march, nor as to the behaviour of the men when they reached the north. It is probable that they formed part of the 4000 men that were assembled at Selby under Sir Jacob Astley. Discipline was lax ; the Dorset men murdered one of their officers who had struck a drummer with his sword for refusing to obey orders, an incident recorded by Townshend.* After killing the officer and maltreating his corpse the Dorsets deserted. A proclamation was issued for their arrest, but discipline had disappeared. Astley was not enamoured of his command ; about the time the Worcestershire contingent arrived he reported that his men were " the arch knaves of the country." The truth of Astley' s words was proved almost daily, as although fresh men were arriving at Selby, they were more and more disinclined to obey orders or submit to discipline. With the army in this state any vigorous action was impossible. On 20th August the Scots crossed the Tweed. On the 23rd Charles reached York to be at the head of his armies. # Ante, Vol. I., p. 4. ANNALS. 41 On the 28th the Scots crossed the Tyne at Newburn and defeated the English. The army fell back, abandoning Newcastle to the Scots, who pushed on and occupied it. There was no more fighting. A Parliament was resolved on ; the writs wenc out for its assembling on 3rd November 1640. No more is known of the Worcester levies, and it must be presumed they returned home. At the elections for Worcestershire there was a considerable change in the representation. Neither of the members in the last Parliament, Littleton or Pakington were re-elected, but in their places Serjeant Wylde and Humphrey Salway were returned. Wylde was a most uncompromising opponent of the King, and did as much as anyone to create and foster an opposition in the county. The old members, Coucher and Nash, were returned for the City of Worcester. Endymion Porter took Wylde's place at Droitwich, Samuel Sandys retaining his seat. Sir Henry Herbert kept his seat at Bewdley, but for Evesham two new members were returned, Serjeant Cresswell and John Coventry. Out of the nine members, five were new men. Parliament met on the 3rd November 1640. Lenthall was appointed Speaker. On the 7 th debates on grievances began ; the proceedings against Strafford delayed them for a time, but early in December ship money was declared to be an illegal levy, and the judges, in allowing it, to have acted contrary to law. This was followed up by a declaration as to religion. On the nth December an order of the House of Commons was made requiring all Justices of the Peace to make churchwardens and others present the names of all Papists in their parishes to the next Sessions. The Townshend MS. gives a copy of the order : — p. 187. " A copy of an order sent from the House of Commons in Parlia ment concerning Recusants." received 27 Marti: 1642. 22 ANNALS. Die lunse ijnd December 1640. Upon an order this day made by the house of Commons now assembled in Parliament That all the justices of peace within the several counties of England and Wales be from this house required and enjoined to. command the churchwardens and other officers of the said Counties within their precincts to present unto them the [names] of all the several recusants within [their] parishes to the end they may be pro[ceeded] against with effect according to law at [the] next Sessions notwithstanding any inhibition or restraint. These are by virtue of the said order to require and enjoin you the Justices of Peace within the County of Worcester and the liberties thereof to command all the churchwardens and other officers within the said county and the liberties thereof to present unto you the names of all the several recusants within their parishes and precincts to the end they may be proceeded against with effect according to law and according to the full intent, purpose and true meaning of this order. Although the House appears to have been in a great hurry to make the order, yet it seems that when once made they were in no hurry to act on it. In the Townshend MS. there is a note " received on the 27th March 1642." From the Sessions Records this seems to have been the date at which the Court took active steps against the Catholics. There is at the Easter Sessions in that year, 19th April 1642, a presentment entitled — " Concerning recusants and imprimis those who have absented themselves from their parish church or chapel for the space of one month last past." 1642/42, lxxix., 6. The presentment contains the names of 223 persons in 34 parishes. The money question was most pressing, and this the Parliament recognized by passing a Bill for levying four sub sidies, two at once and two later. The usual course was followed. Two justices, in this case Henry Townshend himself and Philip Brace, sent their warrants to the high constables of the different Hundreds ordering them to notify the parish constables ANNALS. 23 to give warning to three or four of the chief inhabitants of the parish to appear before the justices at Bromsgrove to receive instructions how to proceed with the levy. The warrant is as follows : — p. 169. Wigorn SS., 1640. Four subsidies granted. 2 now to be gathered. To Francis Smith and John Butler, gent., High Constables for the hundred of Halfshire. Whereas we have received the King's Majesty's commission under His Highness great seal of England for the taxing, rating, collection and payment of the two first subsidies of four whole and entire subsidies lately granted to his Majesty his heirs and successors by Act of Parlia ment, This .... therefore in his Majesty's name straight [ly] charge and command you forthwith upon [receipt] hereof to send unto all the petty Con [stables in] your division, which do belong unto the .... of the Halfshire to be and appear [before] us at Bromsgrove at the .... there by eight of the clock upon .... morning being the sixteenth d [ay of] this instant month of March requiring [the] said petty Constables to give summons and warning unto three or four or more of the chief inhabi tants of every parish to appear there likewise before us as assessors for the said subsidies, And further to do and accomplish all that shall be then enjoined them touching the said Act whereof they may not fail as they and every of them will avoid the penalty of forty shillings to be imposed upon every one of them making default. And hereof fail you not at your perils. Dated at Elmley Lovet this 8th of March 1640. Henry Townshend. Philip Brace. This is followed by an order to the constable and assessors of ElmLy Lovet ordering them to get in the first two of the four subsidies Parliament had granted the King. p. 171. To the Constable of Elmley Lovet and to the persons undernamed, assessors for the said parish. By virtue of his Majesty's most gracious commission to us and others directed for the levying and collecting of the two first subsidies of the four whole and entire subsidies lately granted to his Majesty, his heirs and successors from the Laity by act of Parliament, these are in 24 ANNALS. his highness' name .... to charge and command you to give present .... to every the particular persons undernamed .... and appear before us at Bromsgrove .... upon the 16th day of this instant m[onth] .... by [nine of the] clock in the morning, and then .... in their presentments for the said .... entire subsidies being so thought fit [for] more speedy dispatch of this service, and for ... . easing of the county of double meetings. And further to do and accomplish all that shall be enjoined them by us touching the said Act. Requiring you likewise to whom this precept shall first come to shew and deliver the same to the rest of the inhabitants undernamed. Whereof fail you not the accomplishment as you will avoid the penalty of forty shillings to be imposed upon every of you making default. Dated at Bromsgrove 16th of March 1640. Hen. Townshend, Philip Brace. This was followed by a warrant directed to the parish constable and the sub-collector ordering them to bring in the money they had " gathered " on the . . day of April at 9 o'clock in the morning. p. 172. ["To] the constable of the parish of Elmley Lovett and to A. H., I. B. and T. C. sub-collectors [of] the said parish. .... same form of warrant as the High Collectors unto them .... them only add To Robert Kimberley of Bromsgrove, Gent., .... ter for the Hundred of Halfshire at or upon the .... [A] prill by nine of the clock in the morning. [Where] of fail you not at your perils. Dated at Elmley [Lovett] the first day of April 1641." A note is added — " [Give] like account to the High Constable for calling in the Petty Constable and bringing assessors for the Poll money." The Poll money is dealt with later in 1641. The collection of a double subsidy which came to £9 12s. od. for Elmley Lovett was considered of sufficient importance to require a new assessment of the parish. One was accordingly made ; nineteen people had to pay. ANNALS. 25 Townshend himself was assessed at £4 from land, Thomas Tyner was assessed at ,£3 from goods, John Bourn at £2 from land, and all the rest at sums under a £ from land. The three last names are those of Papist recusants ; they are not assessed, but all over 17 were, by the Act 16 Car. I., c. 4, ordered to pay a sum of %d. each. The document is as follows : — P- J75- Elmley Lovet, 24"1 March 1640. An assessment made for the assessing and taxing of the Inhabitants of the parish of Elmley Lovet for two whole first and entire subsidies of four subsidies lately granted to his Majesty by Act of Parliament. A single subsidy. £ s. d. Commissioner Hen. Townshend, arm. in ter: John Bourn, gent., in ter: Thomas Tyner, gent., in bon: Thomas Insoll, in ter: Charles Bacon, in ter: Eleanor Feild, wid., in ter: Philip Best, wid., in ter.: John Barnard, in ter: Edmund Ryall, in ter: Charles Horward, in ter: . Thomas Moule, in ter: Francis Clent, in ter: John Smith, in ter: . i Edmund Smith, in ter: Thomas Cammell, in ter: Anthony Acton, in ter: . Humphrey Cook, recusant Elizabeth Cook, recusant Alice Cooke, a recusant . £ s. d. s. d. 4 0 0 16 0 2 0 0 2 O 3 0 0 8 0 1 10 0 6 0 1 0 0 4 ° 1 0 0 4 • 1 0 0 4 • 1 0 0 4 • 2 0 0 . 1 10 0 [60] 1 10 0 [60] 1 0 0 [4 ¦] 1 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 8 Assessors Edmund Smith. Thomas Cammell. Anthony Acton. 4 16 o The double subsidy is £9 120. E 26 ANNALS. The High Collector had to give a bond to the King for the due payment of all monies he received. The bond was for £1000, and was in the following form : — p. 177. " The bond for the High Collector to be bound to the King. Noverint universi per presentes me Robert Kimberley de Bromsgrove in Com: Wig: gent: teneri et firmiter obligari serenissimo domino nostro Carolo Regi in mille libris bone et legali monete Anglie solvendum erit serenissimo domino Regi Heredibus et successoribus suis. Ad quam quidem solucionem bene et fideliter faciendam obligo me heredes executores et administrate res meos fermiter per presentes sigillo meo sigillatum. Datum primo die aprilis Anno domini 1641 Anno R. Regis domini nostri Caroli Dei gratia Anglise Scotiae Francie et Hibernie Regis fidei defensoris decimo septimo. The condition of this obligation is such that whereas [the] above bounden Robert Kimberley is nominated and ap [pointed] chief collector of the two first of four whole [and entire] subsidies granted to his Majesty his heirs and successors] by Act of Parliament for the whole hundred of [Half] shire within the said County of Worcester. If then [the] said collector his heirs or executors or administrators do ... . truly content, satisfy and pay to the use of the K[ing's] Majesty his heirs and successors in the receipt of His M[ajesty's] Exchequer according as is limited by Act of Parliament such days and times so much of the said moneys as is appointed and allotted to his collection that then this present obligation to be void and of none effect or else to stand in full force, effect and virtue. Sealed and delivered in the presence ot Henry Townsend "J Commissioners Robert Kimberley. Philip Brace J for the subsidy. Henry Townsend, Junr. John Wynnes. Thomas Prichard." It will be seen from the above that the first results of the Long Parliament were not to bring about any relief in local taxation. Two subsidies were raised in the spring on Elmley Lovett, amounting to £9 12s. od., of which Townshend paid £1 12s. od. ; and another two were voted, making, on the £24 10s. od. at ANNALS. 1"] which Elmley Lovett was assessed, a sum of no less than £19 4*. od. paid in taxes. Certain persons appear to have been exempt — why does not appear, but as they were assessed at £5 it was a substantial proportion of the sum. Another feature is the rate at which the Roman Catholics were charged ; they are not assessed, as they could not legally receive all their rents, so a charge of 8 Commissioners. And in the following form for goods : — p. 178. Form of Certificate. To all people to whom these shall concern. These are to certify you that Francis Finch of Rushock within the County of Worcester, Esquire, is and hath been most resiant at Rushock within this county for most part of the year last past and is assessed and taxed at Rushock after five pounds in bonis and there pays to the subsidy accordingly. Dated at Elmley Lovett the day of April 1641. Commissioners pro Hen. Townshend. Hundred' de Philip Brace. Dimid' Comit'. Another form of certificate called the " Landowners' Certifi cate "is also given : — p. 179. The landowners form of certificate. Wigorn. We his Majesty's Commissioners (amongst others) authorized by his Highness commission under the great seal of England for the taxing, levying (of the two first subsidies of four entire subsidies) granted to his Majesty by the laity by Act of Parliament holden at Westminster in the (xvith) year of his Highness' reign do hereby signify and declare unto all whom it may concern that of the parish of is taxed and assessed towards the payment of the said (two first subsidies at ). JO ANNALS. And that he and his family were .... resiant for the most part of the year ther .... the taxing of the said subsidies. In witne[ss whereof] we the said commissioners have hereunto set .... and seals. Dated at Elmley Lovet the And in the 17"1 year of the reign of our sovereign Lord Charles by the grace of God of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, etc. H. T. Ph. B. This was followed by a certificate of payment by the person charged, which the Commissioners certified to the Court of Exchequer : — p. 180. Wigorn SS. To the Right Honourable the Chancellor of his Majesty's Court of Exchequer, and to the Barons of the same court, and to all other his Majesty's Commissioners and officers to whom the same may appertain. We whose names are subscribed being Commissioners assigned within the county of Worcester By virtue of his Majesty's Commission unto us amongst others directed for the taxing, levying and assessing of the two first subsidies of four entire subsidies lately granted unto our Sovereign Lord the King's Majesty by the temporality by Act of Parliament to the uses in the same Act expressed and mentioned, do certify hereby that of in the County of Worcester is assessed and taxed within the said parish of within the hundred of the Halfshire at and the same taxation hath paid there by reason of his most residency together with his family within the said parish for the space of the most part of the year last past. All which we certify unto your good Lordships and humbly take our leaves this 12 day of April 1641. H. Townshend. Ph. Brace. The assessment of the landowners in the parish of Elmley Lovett is then given : — p. 181. Wigorn Com. Elmley Lovet 1641. An assessment made the 2i8t day of April 164 for the assessing and taxing of the inhabitants of the AN parish of Elmley Lovet for the t NALS. two last of four w hole and 31 entire subsidies lately granted to his Majesty by Act of Parliament. Commissioner Henry Townshend, armr . in ter: .itfiiii xxxii8 John Bourn, gent. . . in ter: xl8 xvi8 Tho. Tyner, sen., g ;ent. in ter: xla xvi" Tho. Insoll , in ter: XXXs xiis Eleanor Field, wid. . in ter: XX9 viii8 Philip Best, wid. . . in ter: XX8 viii8 Edmund Ryall . . , in ter: xl8 xvi8 Charles Horwood , in ter: XXX8 x[ii8] Thomas Moule . . in ter: XXX8 [xii8] Francis Clent . , in ter: xxa [viii8] John Smith . . in ter: XXs [viii"] Edmund Smith . . , in ter: XX9 [viii8] Thomas Williams alias Scot in ter: XXs [viii8] ("Anthony Acton . , in ter: xxb v [hi8] Assessors* Thomas Cammell a . in ter: XX3 viii8 Ljohn Barnard . . in ter: XXs viii8 f" Humph. Cooke. Recusants ¦< Elizabeth Cooke . . per pol. xvid LAlice Cooke. Sum total £g 12s 0 Of the nineteen landowners Townshend was by far the largest, he having £4 a year, only two others have 40*., and three 305., all the rest 20s. The subsidy works out at a shilling in the £, and gives a total of £9 12s. od. A id. rate now (19 16) produces £17 is. \d., or nearly double what two subsidies would then produce. The taxing of the recusants is continued at so much a head. In the presentment to Sessions of 1642 the three Cookes were included as recusants. All these elaborate precautions shew that in various ways people were able to evade contributing their share to the sub sidies. A new plan was therefore brought forward to impose a poll tax as a means of raising money, with a graduated scale of payment according to the position and rank of the different persons liable to pay it. On 5th July the Royal assent was given 32 ANNALS. to the Bill. This Act, 16 Car. I., c. 9, after reciting the necessity of establishing a firm peace between the Kingdom of England and Scotland, and that extraordinary measures were necessary to raise the required money, provides that every person mentioned shall pay such sum of money according to his rank as mentioned in the Act. A Duke £100, Marquis £80, Earl £60, Viscount £50, Baron £40, eldest son of an Earl £40, of a Viscount £3$, of a Baron £30, a Baronet £30, a Knight of the Bath £30, a Knight Bachelor £20, King's Serjeant £25, Serjeant £20, King's Counsel £20, Esquire £10, a widow one third of what her husband would have paid ; all other persons who could spend £100 a year, however derived, £c. Popish recusants were to pay double rates. The Commissioners who were to carry out the Act were to issue their precept to constables and officers to come before them for instructions, explain the Act, and direct them how to make out their returns. If persons did not pay in four days they were to pay double. If in the subsidy persons had paid less than they would pay under this Act they were to pay in full the sum under this Act. The form of the preliminary notice the Commissioners issued under the Act was as follows : — p. 182. Wigorn. SS. To Francis Smith and John Butler, gent., High Constables for the Hundred of Halfshire. Whereas we have received the King's Majesty's Commission under his Highness' seal for the taxing, levying, collecting and paying of all such sums of money and in such manner as lately by an Act of Parliament intituled "An Act for the speedy provision of money for disbanding the armies" that more at large appears. These are therefore in his Majesty's name straitly to charge and command you forthwith upon receipt hereof to send unto all the petty Constables within your divisions as well within liberties as without which do belong unto the Hundred of Halfshire, to be and appear before us at Bromsgrove at the town hall there by eight of the clock in the morning upon being day of July requiring the ANNALS. 33 said petty Constables to give a summons and warning unto two, three or more of the most sufficient and honest inhabitants of every parish according to the greatness of your parishes to appear there likewise before us to receive such orders and directions as shall be to them expounded for their making of the certificates in a business of this great importance and nature upon pain of forty shillings imposed upon every one making default. Dated at Elmley Lovet this day of July 1 641. Hen. Townshend. Philip Brace. In accordance with the Act the meeting at Bromsgrove was followed by the warrant to the collectors for the poll money. p. 183. The warrant to the Collectors for the Poll money. To the Constable of the Parish of Elmley Lovet and to Anthony Acton, John Barnard and to John Best, sub-collectors for the poll money. These shall be to require you and in the King's Majesty's name straightly to charge and command you that speedily and diligently you do levy by way of distress, if need require, to such uses as the parliament hath appointed the particular sums of money upon every of the persons to this warrant annexed within your parish for the payment of the poll money (granted by Act of Parliament for the disbanding of the armies and settling the peace of the two kingdoms) unto Henry Townshend and Philip Brace, Esqrs, assigned as commissioners and receivers for the same at the house of William Syner at the sign of the Bull in Kidderminster at or upon [the] 19111 day of August being Thursday upon .... and forfeitures and dangers as are expressed .... of Parliament. And thereof fail you n[ot at your] perils. Dated at Bromsgrove this 11th day of ... . 1641. Hen. Townshend. Philip Brace. This was followed by the Commissioners' certificate : — p. 184. 19th August. To the Commissioners for the poll money at the Guildhall within the city of London and to all others whom it may concern. These are to certify you that H. T. of parish of E. within the County of Worcester is assessed, rated, and taxed to the poll money at F 34 ANNALS. £50 per annum, and that he paid the sum of 40s according to the Act in that case provided at E. aforesaid. Dated at Kidderminster this 19th day of August 1641. Commissioners pro Hundred de dimidio Comitat' in Comit : Wigorn. There must be a seal Henry Townshend. .... to Philip Brace. [ Wigo] rn. SS. To the right worshipful Sir Arthur Ingram, Sir Robert Pye, Kt8, William Wheeler and William Bell, EsqreB, Treasurers for the poll money, etc. We whose names are subscribed, Commissioners of our Sovereign Lord the King's Majesty amongst others within the County of Worcester for the taxing, levying and collecting the sums of money limited and appointed to be paid for the disbanding of the armies and settling the peace of the two kingdoms of England and Scotland granted to his Majesty's use by Act of Parliament holden at Westminster in the 17th year of his Majesty's reign, do hereby certify as by the statute is appointed that A. B. of E. is taxed and assessed at j^io and hath paid the same. Dated at Worcester this of August 1641. Henry Townsend. Philip Brace. Then comes the receipt : — p. 185. A form of Acquittance for Poll money. At Kidderminster 19th August 1641. Mem. received the day and year above written of the Constable and the rest of the collectors for the poll money of the parish of Elmley Lovet the sum of being the full and just sum assessed upon the several heads of the parishioners according to the presentment delivered unto us deducting the id in the pound for their paying in the said collection according to the allowance by Act of Parliament. In witness whereof we, Commissioners for the poll money within the hundred of Halfshire, have put our hands and seals the day and year above written. Henry Townshend. Philip Brace. The special provisions in the Act authorizing the payment of Annals. 35 Poll money made a new assessment of the parishes in the Hundred necessary. The following was made : — p. 189. Wigorn Com. 697. The Assessment for the Hundred of poll money gathered in 19th Aug. 1641 BromsgroveBelbroughton increased £4 155. od Bentley . Tardebigge and Redditch Chaddesley Corbett Chradley Cofton Hacket Churchill Churchlench Part of Crowle Doverdale Droitwich Dudley . Elmbridge Elmley Lovet Frankley . FeckenhamHadzor . Hagley . Hampton Lovet Kidderminster borough Kidderminster foreign King's Norton Kington Kingford p. 190. Ludley .... Northfield Oldswinford and Stourbridge OvermittonPedmore .... Rushock Salwarp .... Stone .... Halfshire for the £ s. d. 56 12 0 20 J7 6 10 14 8 10 7 0 H 9 0 7 4 6 6 J5 0 1 0 0 1 5 0 3 n 0 19 6 8 60 15 6 29 2 0 12 15 8 14 13 6 32 07 6 22 12 0 1 17 0 2 3 0 45 2 0 84 0 0 42 J3 0 82 15 2 2 7 6 0 9 6 4 10 0 16 1 8 33 1 8 3 5 0 2 7 6 17 1 0 9 11 6 10 5 6 36 ANNALS. Upton Warren and Cooksay . . . . 24 9 o Worley 3 9° Wichbold and Dodderhill . . . • 9 *7 6 ^720 3 2 Sum. tot. 720 4 2 This Poll money assessment is of interest. It brings out two points of importance : (1) a comparison between it and the assessment for the two subsidies shews how the subsidies were evaded. Kidderminster Borough was taxed at £35 for the subsidies, and for the Poll tax £84. Droitwich £30 125. od. for the subsidy, £60 ics. 6d. for the Poll money. Dudley £8 9*. 4a?. for subsidy, £29 2*. od. for the Poll tax. (2) The fact in the Kidderminster case of a Knight (Sir Ralph Clare) living in the borough at once raised it to a higher assessment. Sir John Pakington at Droitwich may account for some part of the differ ence there. How heavily this new assessment must have borne on the parishes is clear, as the mere fact of having a great man living in or near the parish sent up the assessment tremendously. Resident titled landowners could not have been an unmixed blessing. Another poll money document preserved in the Townshend MS. discloses a curious state of things. The collectors for the Hundred of Halfshire presented a petition to the House of Commons stating how carefully they had done their work, but yet they had been lectured by the Speaker, who wrote to the Sheriff complaining of the great partiality the Bromsgrove officers had shewn. This they denied, and sent the following reply to the House of Commons : — To the Honourable House of Commons this presented. The certificate upon the review. p. 191. May it please you Whereas we amongst others received his Majesty's commission under his Highness' great seal of England for the taxing, levying and AnnalS. 37" paying of all such sums of money and in such manner as lately by an Act of Parliament entitled " an Act for the speedy provision of monies for the disbanding of the armies" was set down, etc. According to such commission we within our limits and divisions (which is the Hundred of Halfshire within the County of Worcester) did cause to be summoned and appear before us so many of the most substantial persons of every parish as well within liberties as without as were thought necessary ; to whom we gave such directions for the taxing of every person as the Act of Parliament expressed, without any favour, affection or partiality; and further pressed the said assessors in the delivering in of their present ments unto us that they would be careful and use an equal balance to all, which they attested to have done to their uttermost power. Whereupon we granted forth the warrants for the speedy collecting thereof which was performed with all possible haste and paid by us to the High Sheriff ^573 by the 4th of September last and had paid in ^100 more, but they being of the House of Parliament there paid their several sums there which we should else have received here and the residue of monies as being small will be paid in suddenly. But it seems informations being given to this honourable House, that much partiality hath been used in many counties in this great tax for the poll money, it pleased this honourable House by Mr Speaker to write letters amongst others to Mr Sheriff of our County which likewise was communicated unto us commissioners, that they took notice of the great partiality which hath been used in rating of men, and so we should in time con sider of it. Whereupon we forthwith summoned the assessors for the whole hundred to appear before us to review their presentments and to amend all mistakes and errors ; but we found them all very constant to their first presentments, and avowed they had truly, faithfully and diligently performed their duty and service. p. 192. Shortly after we received an order from this Honourable House dated 9th Sept. that we should take a strict and impartial review of all certificates and rates for the poll money and return particular and exact certificates of our proceedings unto you ; in obedience whereof (though we did anticipate the order in causing an exact review before) we summoned all the assessors of every parish throughout the hundred of Halfshire upon the I2tl1 of this month, and did then not only read the order of the House unto them, but examined the Assessors of every particular parish of their presentments, whether they could amend them either in raising men to a higher value upon better information, than they had at first of their estates or had forgotten any man's name, which 3^ Annals. should have been taxed, that there might be an equality used towards all, in which if they were found faulty thereafter, they which were guilty were in danger of an heavy censure from the House. To which they all made an unanimous and free answer, except one parish, that they have been so careful, so precise, so indifferent to all that they know not where to amend their presentments (as far as they could possibly j udge of every man's estate, or have any knowledge upon inquiry) and were ready to justify their said acts to or before any persons whensoever they shall be called to an account. Only one parish did confess they have now better information of some men's estates and have raised more ^5 and i8, which is all the sums of money as upon the review for the present can be gotten. This we make bold to certify our particular proceedings from the beginning, assuring and believing that the Assessors have been very laborious and exact in all this tax. And how other counties or hundreds have managed your commands we know not. As for this hundred we believe the Assessors have done, as far as in them lies, their uttermost endeavours; and as for our own persons we shall be ready to vindicate ourselves from any aspersions, if there shall be any tendered of favouring any friends, neighbours, tenants, or ourselves, and that we have performed our duty and office with candour and sincerity, as becometh persons that are in so great a service entrusted, Hoping you will be pleased to give credence to these certificates from your humble servants Hen. Townshend. Philip Brace. 17 October 1641. Having replied to the charges of the House of Commons, Townshend and Brace in their turn complain to the Treasurer of the Poll money. P- 193- The Certificate for the poll money payment. To the Treasurer for the poll money nominated by Act of Parliament. Wigorn. SS. We amongst others appointed Commissioners for the poll money within the county of Worcester do certify bv these presents that we have paid into the hands of Daniell Dobins, Esqre, High Sheriff of the County of Worcester, the sum of five hundred ninety one pound sixteen shillings and eight pence over and above the abatements of two pence the pound for Commissioners and Collectors allowed of the poll money collected and gathered within the hundred of Halfshire, for which annals. 39 sum we have received an acquittance under M1 Sheriff's hand and seal. Likewise we certify that the persons hereunder written did not pay unto us the several sums assessed upon their heads in respect they are parliament men and paid there. Sir John Packington, Baronet . . . ^40 Sir Ralph Clare, K4 of the Bath . . . ^30 John Wyld, Esq1', Serjeant at law . . ^20 We certify that George Wyld, esq™, being taxed as a barrister in the sum of a^io humbly desired respite until he came to his chamber in the Temple, as being uncertain, whether he was not to pay as a member of the House, in which place if he be not taxed, upon Mr Sheriff's return will pay the sum of jfeJio at London. We certify that Daniel Dobins, Esqie, High Sheriff of our county for to account for his own a^io which he is taxed at. We certify that John Hopkins, esqre, being assessed in ^?io desired respite until he came to London, which is the chiefest place of his abode, and if he found himself not taxed, nor no friend discharged his tax, would tender it to you or Mr Sheriff. We certify that Mr Adam Hough that he hath paid as by certificate shewed as an Attorney at law three pound. P- 194- We certify that M1 James Nash which was taxed within this hundred at five pounds did discharge himself by a certificate out of the hundred of Doddingtree from the Commissioners there. Soe that we have paid ^591 168 8d. In certificate £98, respited ^719 168 8a. ^30, which is £726 i9 oa. Soe there remains for Mr Sheriff to account to you in monies, certificates and respites, seven hundred and nineteen pounds sixteen shillings and eight pence. If there be any mistakes through ignorance, forgetfulness or sums not rightly cast up, we hope you will excuse us, as being ready to amend any error upon better information, and if there be any more monies that shall come to our hands, we shall be ready to tender it to your receipt. So we rest your humble servants, Commissioners pro hundred de dimidio Comitatu in Comitatu Wigorn. Kidderminster in Comit : Hen. Townsend. Wigorn., 6tt November 1641. Philip Brace. 40 ANNALS. The difficulty appears to have arisen from Dobbins the Sheriff having got somewhat mixed in his accounts. Whether it was his fault or that of his Under-Sheriff Thomas Bund does not appear, but from " ignorance, forgetfulness, or sums not rightly cast up," or misappropriation, the accounts were not correctly balanced, so the Commissioners Townshend and Brace, both Royalists, tried to pass off all defaults on the Roundhead Sheriff. In January the following entry appears : — This certificate was so summed as appears £6 4s 4a, and upon a new review and cast up we find the sum to be ^720 03s 02d- And so we return it unto the receivers of the Poll money by the hands of Mr Daniel Dobins, Esqre, who is to be accountable for so much in money certificates and have not paid. Jan. 25, 1641. In the general fault-finding with the way public officials then did their duties, the Sheriffs did not escape. It may have been the Poll money accounts or other matters that produced the following resolution as to Sheriffs' entertainments : — p. 461. Die Jovis 50 Augusti 1641. The House of Commons having received complaint of the great charge of Sheriffs of Counties by reason of presents, entertainments and other provisions given and made to and for the Judges and fees paid to their servants during the time of the Assizes kept, and of the like Complaints that great sums of money that Counties, Cities, Corporations and Boroughs through which the King passeth are enforced to pay unto his Majesty's officers as pretended fees and duties whereas no such are due by the laws of this kingdom doth hereby publish and declare that they think it fit that hereafter no such presents, entertain ments, provisions or pretended fees or gifts shall be demanded, given or paid, nor that any Sheriffs hereafter at the Assizes in his own County give any entertainment or keep any house there for the Gentry of the County or any other iu regard of his being Sheriff, other than for his necessary attendants. And whosoever shall do contrary to this declara tion and vote shall be esteemed by this House a person therein giving example inconvenient to the public. H. Elsing, Cleric, domus Com. ANNALS. 41 Townshend was somewhat perturbed about Sheriffs and their powers and duties. He devoted no less than seven pages of his Diary (454 to 460) to extracts from Dalton and other authorities, which he styles "An abstract of the office of Sheriffs.* In October 1641 fresh levies were made. The first notice of them is a list of " Contributors to the subsidies." It is not clear what this is. It looks like some persons paying or contribu ting to the other's taxes. p. 196. Contributors to the Subsidies 25th Oct. 1641. Fortune Manning, wid., to widow Feild {John Best, son to widow Best Philip Best to the widow Best more John Best, junr, to Tho. Moule {Francis Webley to Tho. Cammell Francis Hanbury to Tho. Cammell Humphrey Thatcher to Edm. Smith Charles Bacon to Anthony Acton {John Typper to Charles Harwood John Jaks to Charles Harwood {Joan Best to John Barnard ij8 John Stone to John Barnard i8 John Potter to Edmund Ryall iij8 William Hunt to Tho. Insoll ij8 Humph. Cooke to Tho. Williams alias Scot .... iij9 Hugh Hale to Tho. Danks ija Two lists follow : (1) The sum raised from the inhabitants of Elmley Lovett, and (2) The amount each parish in the Hundred of Halfshire paid to the double subsidy :f — p. 197. Wigorn. SS. An assessment made this 25th of October 1641 for the taxing and assessing of the Inhabitants of this parish of Elmley Lovet for two whole and entire subsidies granted for further relief of his Majesty's army, etc. Commissioner Hen. Tounshend, arm John Bourne . * See post, Chap. XI. iij9 ij3 i8 i9 vid i8 iv<" iii3 iij9 ija via in ter: in ter: t See ante, pp. 3, 25 ^iiij xl9 XXX1J9 xvi9 42 ANNALS. Tho. Tyrer, sen1, gent. Tho. Insoll . Eleanor Feild, widow Philip Best, widow . Edmund Ryall Charles Harwood Thomas Moule Thomas Danks John Smith Thomas Williams alias Scot {Anthony Acton Thomas Cammell . John Barnard . in ter: in ter: in ter: in ter: in ter: in ter: in ter: in ter: in ter: in ter: in ter: in ter: in ter: xl8 XXXs XXs XXs XXX9 XXXs XXXs XX9 XX9XXs XXs XX8 XXs xvr xvi8 viij8 viij"xvi8 xiij8 xiij8viij8 viij9viij3viij8 viij8 viii8 Sum £ IX vnj8 C Humph. Cooke ~\ Recusants} Elizabeth Cooke Cper pol. v. Alice Cooke ) sum. o 4s o. It will be noticed that while the Church of England parishioners are taxed on the value of their land, the Roman Catholics are again taxed at so much a head.* The second, the parochial list, gives the recusants in a separate column : — p. 199. Wigorn. SS. Halfshire Hundred. An Assessment for the two sub sidies granted in Parliament for further relief of his Majesty's army in the northern parts. 25th October 1641. 41 S. Belbroughton . . ^xvi 0 0 pro recusants £0 9 4 Bentley, Tard and Ra 21 16 8 1 6 0 Bromsgrove 46 8 0 1 9 4 Chaddesley Corbett . 25 2 8 0 6 8 Cofton Hacket 4 16 0 0 0 0 Churchill . 180 0 0 0 Church Lench . 1 12 0 3°4 0 0 0 Cradley . 500 * See ante, pp. 25, 31, 0 0 0 ANNALS, 43 Crowle part . * . . 4 6 8 Doverdale 3 I2 0 Droitwich > « 28 12 0 Dudley . , , 7 12 0 Elmbridge . 10 0 0 Elmley Lovet , , 9 0 0 Feck en ham 16 4 0 Frankley . . . 9 12 0 Hagley . . 5 8 0 Hadsor . 2 16 0 20 5 Hampton Lovet 16 4 0 Kidderminster Borough 3° ° 0 Kidderminster Foreign 22 16 0 King's Norton . 44 13 0 Kington 4 ° 0 Kingford 1 4 0 Ludley • . . 1 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 p. 200. IOO Northfield ¦ • 15 6 8 0 0 0 Old Swinford and Stourbridge ¦ 14 16 0 0 0 0 Overmitton . 2 8 0 0 0 0 Pedmore . . 3 4 0 0 0 0 Ruscock . • • . 6 4 0 0 0 0 Salwarpe . . 14 16 0 0 0 0 Stone . 8 0 0 0 0 0 Upton Warren and Cooksey 9 0 0 4 10 8 Worley . 4 8 0 0 0 0 Wychbold et Dodderhill . 12 8 0 0 0 0 Sum. pro subsidis . £\3^ 6 8 pro Recus ^8 16 o In total ^440 2 8 Paid into the Exchequer by Thomas Shaw, High Collector ut pat. pro quietus est ^422 12 8, so for the Commissioners and clerks' fees at id the pound I received 35s 2d, abated the 1415, received 34s, ii"> July 1642. This concludes so much of the Diary for 1641 as relates to taxation. The rest deals with religious grievances. 44 ANNALS. On the ist November 1641, the Lords sent a message to the Commons that they had matters of great importance to com municate. On being admitted to the House of Lords they were informed of the intended Irish rebellion which was to have broken out on the 23 rd October. This caused a great movement against the Roman Catholics, both as to those about Court and those residing in the different counties. The Lord Keeper, Sir Edward Littleton, wrote the following letter to Worcester shire : — P- 333- To his loving friends, the Sheriff, deputy Lieutenants and justices of the peace within the County of Wigorn. Whereas there hath notice been given to the parliament that the Popish recusants have appointed a day to assemble themselves being the xviij day of this instant November within certain counties of this kingdom whereof your county is one, which may tend to the great disturbance of the peace of this kingdom, These are therefore in his Majesty's name and by the authority of the Parliament to will and require you the then Sheriff and Deputy Lieutenants, Justices of the Peace, and all other officers of the several counties to look carefully that no such unlawful assemblies shall be; And to require you to suppress such assemblies or meetings by the force of the countie or otherwise as you will answer it to the contrary. Ed. Litteleton. London this 18th November 1641. The Lord Keeper's letter stirred up the justices to take action in church matters. At the Epiphany sessions the Court agreed upon the following petition to the King and Parliament, which was signed by the justices and others throughout the county : — P- All- A copy of the County of Worcester petition to the King's Majesty and Parliament for Church government and Liturgy, etc., subscribed at Christmas Sessions 1641 by the Justices and Gentry, etc., and commended to the whole county. ANNALS. 45 To the King's most excellent Majesty and to the Honourable house of Parliament. The humble petition and remonstrance of the Gentry, Clergy, Freeholders and Inhabitants of the County of Worcester Humbly Sheweth, That we having been bred up in the true Protestant religion and doctrine of the Church of England established by the law of this kingdom, agreeing with the Confessions of the Reformed Churches, and sealed with the blood of many holy martyrs, And under a Church government administered by Bishops ever since the Reformation which functions we believe to be of right and lawful institution, And having been likewise blessed with an uniform Liturgy ratified by law and with general consent received and continued amongst us, Unto which doctrine and government your petitioners have hitherto with much satisfied consciences lived conformable. Now in discharge of our duties and consciences we humbly represent as a great grievance that of late there have sprung up diverse sects and schisms and many dangerous doctrines are publicly vented and the Government of the Church by Bishops under those Religious princes of ever blessed memory Queen Elizabeth and King James traduced as Antichristian, the Liturgy depraved, and in some places neglected, which Insolences and extravagances do much discomfort your petitioners. Your petitioners therefore being apprehensive of the Scandal thereby brought upon the true protestant Religion do in all Humility supplicate your Sacred Majesty and this Honourable assembly for the continuance of Church government and establishing of the Liturgy and uniform service of God amongst us. And we shall pray God to bless and prosper your Councils. The petition appears to have been sent round the county for signature. It was numerously and extensively signed. It shews that there was a strong Anti-Laudian party in Worcester shire. Townshend gives 835 names from 16 parishes. This shews a fair proportion of Puritans, or rather Anti-Laudians. But it must be borne in mind that " on our side " probably means not anything with regard to opinions, but from Townshend's part of the county, the Hundred of Halfshire, which was the one that was the least under clerical influence, 46 ANNALS. as it was the one in which the Church had the least property. The list is as follows : — p. 478. "The Parishes that subscribed to the Petition with the number of names on our side the shire beside all others." Ombersley Hartlebury Northfield . Elmley Lovet . Rushock . Doverdale . Tardebigg . BelbroughtonDodderhillElmbridge Upton Warren . Chaddesley Corbett StonePedmore . Hagley Churchill . 133 names. 089 °55 111 The petition did not satisfy the " zeal for the Lord." The following letter and enclosure from the Speaker of the House of Commons was sent by the Sheriff Edward Vernon to Townshend, who has endorsed it : — p. 479. Rec. this the 6th of Feb. 1641. A copy of this sent to the right Worshipful Henry Townsend, Esqre. Right Worshipful. I have received a letter from Mr Speaker of the House of Commons directed thus, To the right Worshipful the High Sheriff and Justices of the peace of the County of Wigorn. inclosed in a letter from the knight of our shire directed thus, To the Right Honourable Edward Vernon, Esq™, High Sheriff of the County of Wigorn. these Presents. The tenor of which letter from Mr Speaker is in these words. ANNALS. 47 Gentlemen It is now some months since that the protestation taken by the Lords and house of Commons was sent down in the country with an expectation that it should be generally taken throughout the kingdom for a testimony of their good concurrence with the Parliament, But through the remissness of some of those that had the care of recom mending it to others were many there be that have not hitherto taken it : Now the house of Commons having discovered many dangerous designs plotted against the Parliament, and especially that of the 4th of this instant January which had it taken effect would have stricken not only at the Privileges, but the very being of the Parliament, as will more appear by the declaration herewith sent unto you which the house desires you to publish throughout all parts of the County have thought fit once again to recommend the taking of this protestation, and have therefore commanded me in their name to desire you the high Sheriff and the Justices of the peace of that County to meet together in one place as soon as possible you may, And there to take the protestation yourselves, And then dispersing yourselves unto your several divisions that you will Call together the Minister, the Constables, the Churchwardens and Overseers of the poor of every parish and tender unto them the pro testation to be taken in your presence. And to desire them that they p. 480. will very speedily call together the inhabitants of the several parishes both householders and others being of 18 years of age and upwards into one or more places according to the largeness of their parishes, and to tender unto them the said protestation to be taken in their presence, and to take the names of both those that do take and do refuse to take the same protestation and to return them unto yourselves at such time as you appoint which the house desires may be so speedily as you likewise may return such Certificates as you receive from them to the Knights and Burgesses serving for that County if the same County be within 60 miles of London before the 20th of February next, and if the same County be above 60 miles distant from London then before the 12th of March next. Wherein the house desires your greatest care and diligence in a matter very much importing the good both of the king and kingdom, which being all I have in Command I rest Your very loving friend, Wm Lenthalh Speaker. 26 January 1641. 48 ANNALS. And of that from the knights of our Shire in these. Sir This inclosed from Mr Speaker doth so clearly [? shew] the sense of the house of Commons that it would be a fault in us if we should make any additions to those directions more than earnestly to intreat your care in timely observing them. Thus with our clue respect we end and rest Your assured loving friends Jo. Wilde, Humfrey Salwey. p. 481. The timely observing them according to the tenor of them I leave to your worship's care, which is earnestly as you see, And with my due respects rest Your very loving friend to command 5 February, 1641. Ed. Vernon, Sheriff. A copy of my Lord of Falkland's letter for the high Sheriff of Wigorn Shire these. Sir I have received his Majesty's especial command to send to you fifty of the inclosed papers containing several messages of his Majesty to the Parliament to be by you dispersed and this done I remain Your very real friend to serve you Feb. i8t. Falkland. It does not appear from the Diary that anything further was done at this time in the matter. ANNALS. 49 CHAPTER IV. 1642. The documents in the early part of this year relate chiefly to raising money, in the later part to raising men. They are of considerable importance for Worcestershire history, as although similar documents have been published for other counties, so far some of these are the first for this county. The Act 16 Car. I., c. 4, authorized the Commissioners named in it to raise four subsidies. As it was felt the whole of the required money could not be so raised, another Act, 16 Car. I., c. 9, gave further powers. The Commissioners under it were to fix the sum to be raised by each county. Worcestershire was to raise £5802 10*. 6d. and the city £356 45. 9c?. The first document gives the sums that each county had to raise, with an explanatory note why the charge was so great. p. 203. April 16th, 1642, Carol i R. 18. Whereas by an Act made for the raising of moneys for the necessary defence of the Realm, etc., the sum of four hundred thousand pound certain is imposed upon the Kingdom of England and Wales, The Act doth apportion every county his particular sum as followeth. Counties. Bedford . BerksBucksCambridge . Isle of Ely . Chester Civit. et Count. Cestrise DerbyDevon Civit. et Count. Exon. Dorset £ s. d. 04372 01 0 05628 H 02 06712 02 06 06199 11 OI 02297 00 OO 02841 18 09 00326 15 OO 02819 01 07 29035 12 03 01049 04 03 07708 02 03 5° ANNALS. Villa et County de Poole . York .... Villa et Comit. de Kingston, Hull Essex Gloucester . Civit. et Com. de Gloucester Hereford . Hertford HuntingtonKent . Civit. et Com. de Canterbury Lancaster . Leicester . p. 204. LincolnCivit. et Com. de Lincoln London Middlesex . Monmouth Northampton Nottingham Villa et Com. de Nottingham NorfolkCivit. et Com. Norwich Oxenford . Rutland SalopStafford Civit. et Com. de Lichfield Somerset . Civit. de Bristol . Southampton Insula de Wight Suffolk Surrey Sussex Warwick . Civit. et Com. de Coventry Worcester Civit. et Com. de Worcester Wilts 00080 18 06 17380 05 06 00419 05 09 18048 09 09 09978 05 05 01108 14 00 07146 04 06 07525 10 00 03533 08 09 20281 15 07 0818 14 09 4353 11 °3 3848 05 00 12951 15 10 00532 01 09 42476 16 03 013354 12 09 01588 06 °3 04869 16 06 02913 14 °3 00096 10 06 21908 06 id 02544 04 06 06418 04 09 01053 14 °3 04560 05 °3 03743 10 03 00088 07 00 16879 !3 00 00127 04 06 12464 11 09 01713 04 06 20609 17 °3 10808 01 03 10914 !5 09 °5"3 16 03 00653 02 06 05802 IO 06 00356 04 09 1 1 704 r9 00 ANNALS. Ii p. 205. Comitates in Wallia. Anglesey . Brecknock . Cardigan . Carmarthen Carnarvon . Denbigh Flint . GlamorganMerioneth . Montgomery Pembrooke Radnor Villa et Com. de Haverford W. Comit. Boreales. Cumberland Durham Westmorland Comit. de Newcastle Northumberland 0418 18 03 0850 13 09 1003 06 09 0829 IO 09 0348 08 03 0447 06 09 0274 05 06 1084 17 06 0259 18 °3 1013 12 06 0956 15 06 0601 19 09 0083 07 °3 0633 18 00 1309 l3 OO 0547 01 04 0245 H OO 0830 02 04 Mem. the reason of this tax to be so great was that the Parliament went according to the book of subsidies in all counties according as it was made in the 35th Elizabeth. And so some Counties raising them selves more than others in subsidies brought the greater burden on them, the ease now these counties do feel who had Commissioners that loved their country more than ambition. The county's quota, ^5802 10s. 6d., was to be apportioned among the different parishes. The next document shews how this was done : a warrant was sent to the Parish Constables ordering them to get a number of men not exceeding eight who should attend at the Town Hall, Bromsgrove, on the 2nd May at 8 a.m. to assess the sum that should be charged on Elmley Lovett and the proportion it should pay in. This warrant is signed by Henry Townshend and Philip Brace. Some instructions are given how it is to be raised and how to be paid. $1 ANNALS, p. 2O7. May 2nd 1642. A warrant to the High Constable for to send to the petty Constables about the tax for the ^400,000, etc., according to a late Act of Parliament. Whereas we amongst others are assigned commissioners for the taxing and raising of ^5802 io8 6d imposed upon this county of Worcester by an Act of Parliament lately made intituled "An Act for the raising and levying of monies for the necessary defence and great affairs of England and Ireland and for payment of debts, etc,/' These are to will and require you upon receipt hereof to direct and send forth your general precepts to all Petty constables within the several divisions to summon two, three or more (so not above the number of eight) — according to the extent of each several parish or liberties) of good and substantial persons, and also to be nominated of and out of the several particular hamlets or townships that can most exactly and best know and understand the right and true values of their neighbour's estates to appear at Bromsgrove upon Wednesday being the eleventh day of May next ensuing by eight of the clock in the morning at the Townhall there before us to be assessors for such sums of money as shall be imposed upon each parish according to an equal distribution as near as may be. And to receive such further directions therein as we are commanded to deliver for the better effecting of a business of so great an importance. And hereof they nor any of them fail being sum moned by the petty Constables or their deputies of their attendance upon pain of every of them making default the sum of five pounds. And thereof fail you not at your perils and to be also there ready to give an account of the performance of the service. Dated at Elmley Lovet this second day of May 1642. H. Townshend. Philip Brace. p. 208. Mem. according to usual taxes Bromsgrove division pays 3 parts and Kidderminster division 2 parts in all sums to be divided in 5 parts and 2d in the pound more through out the county. So this tax of £1160 io8 9* Bromsgrove was to pay . . . £696 6 o Kidderminster £464 4 o Now finding there hath been much inequality in former taxes we the Commissioners have thought fit to raise the division of Broms grove about a 13th part more for the more equality than the division of Kidderminster. #758 *°8 od #382 o8 od #J020 00 0 1160 10 0 ,#26770 00 0 #14050- 00 0 #40820 ANNALS. 5j §0 that in this tax the division of Bromsgrove pays the sum of which is #62 4s over above they did before. Kidderminster pays the sum Beside my Lord of Shrewsbury for his" manor of Grafton being a particular and privilege place of account . Since upon review is overrated a moiety Bromsgrove division is worth per annum with Grafton Manor Kidderminster division #14050. . Bromsgrove is better than the division of Kidderminster by per annum -. #12720 00 00 This is followed by an order on the assessors how to act. p. 209. Wigorn. The forme of warrant for the assessor for the tax. To A., B., C, D., E., F.j assessors for the parish of E. Whereas there is a tax of #5802 10 6 laid upon the county of Worcester by one late Act of Parliament the one moiety whereof is to be assessed and levied and paid before the 20th day of July next, There hath been a meeting amongst the Commissioners for the said charge, and an assessment agreed upon, what proportion every hundred equally ought to pay, which being subdivided according to the extent and goodness of every parish, your said parish is particularly assessed in the sum of , These are therefore forthwith to require you and every of you to make a particular assessment for the raising of the said sum of wherein care must be had that every person that hath #iij in goods or that hath lands to the value of xx8 or to whom the rent of lands of that value belongeth, ought and is liable to be solely assessed be [? he] either ecclesiastical person or temporal of what quality or degree soever (and also the ecclesiastical persons are to pay for their tithes and the impropriators of tithes according to pro portion) to this charge, so the said rents be near or to the value of the worth of the said lands per annum, otherwise to apportion the same between the tenant and him to whom the rent belongeth. And you are to assess none but for his lands and goods being in the place, not 54 ANNALS, respecting of any other estate he hath elsewhere for he is to pay sever ally in all places for his several estates. And that you bring in the particular assessments and certificates under your hands, with the p. 210. names and surnames and charge upon each particular person fairly written over twice, that we may make choice of either certificate leaving you the other with warrants to collect the same, at Bromsgrove at the toun hall there upon the first day of June next being Monday upon pain of you or any of you making default or neglecting to bring in the certificates #5. Dated at Bromsgrove this eleventh day of May 1642. Henry Townshend. Philip Brace. Roger Lowe. Mem. Upon the meeting of the Gentlemen commissioners at Worcester upon the 28th of April 1642 we agreed to divide the county into 3 parts. And then subdivide it amongst ourselves within each liberties according to the extent and goodness of each parish. The Hundreds of Oswaldslow . . . . .3 parts Halfshire and Doddingtree . . 3 parts* Pershore and Blackenhurst . . 3 parts. In this division Halfshire bears a fifth part of the county and Dodingtree an 8th which is #725 8s 3d and so they do in all other payments with 2d the pound over which was now abated in Halfshire. A list is then given as to how the apportioned sum is to be borne by the different parishes. p. an. Wigorn. SS. 11th May 1642, 17th Caroli Regis. The assessment of the hundred of Halfshire for the collection of #1160 io9 id being the 5tk part upon the whole county of Worcester taxed of #5802 io9 6d being the part of the #400,000 laid upon the Realm of England and Wales, the moiety whereof is assessed upon each parish or Tounship as followeth : Bromsgrove Division and yearly value. £ s. d. £ Sm dn 5000 00 00 Bromsgrove 1 20 00 00 5000 00 00 Kingsnorton 120 00 00 * j£ii6o 10s. id. is written opposite these hundreds, but struck through. ANNALS. 55 3000 Feckenham . . . . 100 00 OO 4000 Droitwich .... . 100 OO 00 3000 Redditch, Tardebigge and Bentley . 100 OO OO 1500 Wychbold and Dodderhill . • 038 OO OO 0700 Elmbridge .... . 019 OO OO 1500 Northfield . 040 00 OO 400 Cofton Hacket . . 010 00 OO 1400 Salwarpe . . 025 OO OO iooo Upton Warren and Cooksay . 020 OO OO 1100 Hampton and Westwood • 030 00 OO °35° Doverdale . . 007 IO OO 0400 Hadsor .... . 008 OO OO 0400 Kington .... . 008 OO OO 0120 Church lench • 003 OO OO 0400 Part of Crowle . . 010 OO OO 0700 Grafton E. of Shr. 20 00 OO 778 IO OO p. 212. £ S. d. Bromsgrove division with my Earl of Shrewsbury for Grafton Manor per annum .... 26,770 00 00 Kidderminster division i4>°5° °° °° So Bromsgrove is better than Kidderminster division per annum 12,720 00 00 rest of page blank. p. 213. £ 4000 1800 1800 1300 0700 0200095°0800 600 Kidderminster division. Kidderminster Borough Kidderminster Foreign Chaddesley Corbett Belbroughton Old swinford and Stourbridg Stone and Dunelent Overmitton . Elmley Lovet Dudley {Cradley Worley Ludley # s. d. 060 OO OO 070 OO OO 040 OO OO 040 OO 00 036 OO OO 015 OO OO 005 OO OO 020 OO 00 020 OO OO 007 OO 00 007 00 00 004 OO 00 . 014 00 00 . oi6 00 00 . 008 00 00 . 003 00 00 . 004 00 00 . 014 00 00 56 ANNALS. 1500 (Frankley . 5 CHagley 0400 Pedmore 0150 Churchill . 0200 Kingford 0500 Rushock (Erasures) 1488 383 o° °° 6065* The form of the collector's bond and the warrant to make them pay in are then given. p. 214. Mem. the form of the Collector's bond as it was made for Robert Kymberley for the subsidies. rest of page blank. p. 215. Wigorn. SS. The form of the warrant to the sub-collectors for the pay ment in of their tax towards the £400,000 laid upon the parish. To the Constable of the parish of Elmley Lovet and to John Best, Humph. Thatcher, Thomas Cammell and John Barnard, sub-collectors. And to every of them. Whereas there is lately granted by Act of Parliament to such uses as is therein expressed the sum of #400,000 imposed upon this kingdom of which sum the county of Worcester is charged with the payment of #5802 io9 6d, the one moiety whereof is and ought to be paid forthwith, whereof by an equal division and proportion agreed upon by us the Commissioners your said parish is assessed, rated and taxed at sum of ten pounds, and forasmuch as we have received a particular assessment from the assessors what every person within the parish is assessed and taxed to the payment of the said sum, these shall be to require you and every of you that speedily and diligently you do levy, collect and gather by way of distress (if need require) the particular sum or sums of money upon every of the persons whose names are in the schedules hereunto specified for the raising of the said sum. And that you do make payment thereof to Anthony Cole of the parish of Bromsgrove, gent., High Collector for the Hundred of Halfshire, at or upon the day of July next at Bromsgrove aforesaid at the house of by nine of the clock in the morning (except one penny in the pound for the * Both these figures are struck out, ANNALS. 57 particular collection to be allowed excepted and abated). And hereof fail you not as you will avoid the danger of distresses to be taken of your goods by the High Collector for your negligence therein. Dated at Elmley Lovet this day of July 1642. Commissioners Hen. Townshend, Philip Brace, Roger Lowe. Having got the sum each parish is to contribute, steps were then taken to fix the sum each individual would have to pay, and this was done by the next document. p. 219. June 26th 1642. Wigorn. An assessment for the tax money being the sum of Ten pounds imposed upon the parish of Elmley Lovet being moiety of #xx assessed for the whole as near as the estates by the pound of every man's land will bear. Yearly value and yard lands. o yd land at £ [erased]* Hen. Townshend, Esq" per annum Cuttenhall Green. 1 J/ f Mrs Cecily Brace, widow 03 yard at S09 o os _ . _ ' . 03 y. at #50 01 Nook at 2 y. and 1 n. at #J5 per annum 3 yd of freehold 2 of his wife Q.B. and 1 of W, Feild at #10 per annum 1 yd at #8 1 yd and 1 n. #20 1 yd #10 1 yd and #10 07 LJohn Rendon Mr John Lench . Mr Nathaniel Tomkin's Close Mr John Bourn . Upton Township. Mr Tho. Tyrer . Mr Edd Best, Rector de Elmley and t yd land in Walton Thomas Insoll John Barnard John Stower Charles Bacon Francis Gittms William Feild, cottage 2 OO OO OO 09 02 OO 03 04 OO IO 00 OO OO 10 OO 10 00 OI OO 00 OO l3 04 000000 00 0000 03 04 03 06 03 04 02 08 01 04 00 06 * Both the number of yard lands and the annual values are erased. 58 ANNALS. yd at #10 i N. at #04 Bellington. Fortune Manning, wid. Thomas Ballard 00 01 08 00 00 10 1 yd at #40 1 yd of freehold and ^ yd Lease at #16 o o id yd and i of Leasehold and iyd of freehold at #40 o o Insoll. Thomas Scott alias Williams John Smith de Togood Thomas Moule .... William Maet alias Segar, cottage 00 04 00 00 05 00 00 06 08 00 00 10 07 00 04 p. 220. Walton. 1 yd [erased] John Typper . 00 02 02 1 yd Lewis Palmer . . 00 02 8 1 ya 20 0 0 John Best, sen. . 00 °3 04 £yd Anthony Best . . 00 OI 08 lyd John Best, jun1' . 00 OI 08 1 yd 09 Elizabeth Ints et . ") 00 02 06 John her son 2 yd 10 00 00 Joan Best, churchland . OO 02 08 whereof #10 rent to the chur ch 1 n. 01 00 00 John Hanbury . . 00 OO IO Sneedsgreen. 1 yd 8t £ 10 00 00 John Acton, gent. 4 yd 10 00 00 £ yd 07 00 00 1 yd 10 00 00 1 y»&£ iydM 3 n. 20 00 00 Anthony Acton, gent. Rich. Wollaston, clerk Edmund Smith and Joan Barnsley his mother . Charles Harwood Edmund Ryall and 1 Cottage Thomas Cammell :} 00 04 06 00 02 06 00 03 04 00 03 04 00 04 06 00 05 IO 00 03 04 Annals. tt % y« 04 00 00 John Pooler \ yd 10 00 00 Humphrey Thatcher . in. 0 00 00 Thomas Burnell 1 n. 4 Thomas Gardner p. 221. 1 n. o o o 02 00 00 03 00 00 02 00 00 Rec[usant] Thomas Burlton Francis Webley Walter Perks . HenmAudley . Francis Thatcher Hugh Hayle Francis Hanbury Thomas Danks William Hunt . Philip Best Humphrey Cooke . . 00 00 10 ¦ 00 02 06 . 00 00 10 • 00 00 10 02 09 06 00 00 10 Cottage . 00 00 10 Cottage 00 00 10 . . 00 00 06 pro bonis 00 02 00 . 00 00 10 ¦ 00 10 10 . 00 01 00 . 00 00 10 . 00 00 06 . , 00 01 6 00 10 Recusants Alice Cooke Elizabeth Cooke So the parish to pay . Surplusage pro recusants . 00 01 04 per pol. 00 01 04 #J 5. d. 10 00 00 00 04 02 Then comes the form of Bond the collector of the tax imposed on the county has to give. p. 223. Noverint universi per presentes me Antonio Cole de Bromsgrove in comitate Wigorn., gen., teneri et firmiter obligari serenissimo domino nostro Carolo regi in mille centum et sexaginta libris bone et legalis monete Angle solvendum eidem serenissimo domino regi heredibus et successoribus suis. Ad quam quidam solucionem bone et fideliter faciendum obligo me heredes executores et administratores firmiter pro 56 ANNALS, presentes sigillo meo sigillatum. Datum quinto die SeptembriS ahnd domini 1642 Anno R. regis domini nostri Caroli dei gratia Angliae Scotise Francie et Hibemie fidei defensoris decimo octavo. The condition of this obligation is such that whereas the above bounden Anthony Cole is nominated and appointed chief collector for that part of tax money which is laid upon the hundred of Halfshire within the county of Worcester, which is the sum of five hundred and four score pounds five shillings and the sum of thirty pounds for surplusage money laid upon the recusants according to equal distribution of five thousands eight hundred two pounds ten shillings six pence p. 224. laid upon this county by virtue of the late Act of Parliament if therefore the said Anthony Cole, his heirs, executors, administrators or assigns shall and do well and truly content, satisfy and pay to such persons in such places at such times as is appointed by the said Act of Parliament all the aforesaid sum or sums of five hundred four score pounds five shillings and the sum of thirty pounds for surplusage money, that then this present recognizance and obligation to be void and of none effect or else to stand in full force effect and virtue. Anthony Cole. The warrant from the justices requiring the collector to levy follows : — p. 225. Wigorn. SS. To Anthony Cole of Bromsgrove in the County of Worcester, gent., high collector of the hundred of Halfshire within the said county for the first moiety of the tax of one thousand one hundred and three score pounds ten shillings and sixpence laid upon the said hundred. These shall be to require you and in the King's Majesty's name straitly to charge and command you that speedily and diligently you do levy and gather by way of distress if need so require to such uses as the Parliament hath declared the particular sum of money rated and taxed upon every township, parish or person hereunder written within your hundred of Halfshire which are taxed and assessed towards the payment of five hundred four score pounds five shillings, which sum is according to an equal proportion layed upon this hundred towards the payment of the first moiety of five thousands eight hundred and two pounds ten ANNALS, 6 1 p. H6. shillings and six pence laid upon this county. And that you do not only make payment thereof unto such treasurers as are appointed by the Act of Parliament at such days and times as are limited by the said Act. But also yield your account for the same accordingly as your certificate also with this annexed doth further declare. As for the contrary you will answer at your peril. Written and sealed by us his Majesty's Com missioners whose names are subscribed this fourth day of August in the eighteenth year of our Sovereign Lord King Charles Anno Domini 1642. Hen. Townshend. Philip Brace. Ed. Barrett. Then follows a notification to the Treasurer, the Lord Mayor of London, that Anthony Cole of Bromsgrove has been appointed the collector. p. 227. Wigorn. SS. To this right worshipful Sir Richard Gurney, Mayor of London and the rest of the treasurers appointed for the tax money by an late Act of Parliament for the #400,000. Whereas we amongst others are assigned Commissioners for the taxing and raising of five thousand eight hundred and two pounds ten shillings and six pence imposed upon the county of Worcester by one late Act of Parliament intituled An Act for the raising and levying of monies for the necessary defence and great affairs of England and Ireland and for payment of debts, etc. These are to certify you that we having, by virtue of the said Act, assembled and met together have appointed and assessed the hundred of the Halfshire within this county to eleven hundred and three score pounds ten shillings the one moiety whereof which is five hundred and four score pounds five shillings is now to be assessed, raised, taxed and levied, for the receipt of which sum we have nominated and appointed Anthony Cole of the parish of Bromsgrove, gent., high collector who hath entered into recognizance of one p. 228. thousand one hundred and three score pounds to his Majesty's use to faithfully and truly to pay and discharge the aforesaid sum of five. d% AnnaLs. thousand eight hundred pounds and five shillings to you or some of you, who are appointed treasurers for the same at such times and places as the Act appoints. He also standeth charged for surplusage of money due from recusants over and above their tax the sum of #30 00 00 in witness whereof we commissioners for the hundred of the Halfshire have hereunto this certificate put our hands and seals interchangeably this fourth day of August 1642. This concludes the financial documents for the year. The remaining papers refer to military matters and preparations. On the 28 th January 1642 the question as to who was to have the right to the control of the military forces of the country directly arose on a petition of the Commons to the King asking him to hand over to them the Tower of London, the principal forts of the kingdom, and the whole of the militia. This the King refused ; disputes went on until the outbreak of the war in September. On the 5th March 1642 the Parliament appointed Lieutenants of certain counties in England and Wales, of which Worcestershire was not one — they had proposed Lord Howard of Escrig — and ordered them to muster, arm and train such per sons as might be necessary to keep the peace. Against this the King protested, and messages and counter-messages were con tinuous. On the 27th May 1642 the King issued a proclama tion forbidding any of his subjects to obey the Parliament in arming or mustering, and stating he proposed to raise men in the way that it had always been done by issuing a commission of array to certain persons he selected in each county, ordering them to muster, array, and arm men for his service. A commission of array was accordingly issued for Wor cestershire. Townshend gives the heading of the commission — •p. 240. Wigorn. 1642, 23rd July. A Copy of the Commission of Array for the County of Worcester. but the copy has not been included in the MS. ANNALS. 63 Probably it was in the common form. But what is more important, the King's instructions are given in full ; they are — p. 241. A Copy. The King's instructions for the Commission of Array within the County of Worcester. Charles R. Right trusty and right well beloved, and trusty and well beloved, we greet you well. Whereas we have lately by our Commission of Array trusted you with your service for our County of Worcester and are informed that some persons have presumed in contempt of us and our authority to despise and vilify our said Commission and to menace and threaten our Commissioners, We do hereby require you according to your duties speedily to publish our said Commissions so necessary at this time for the peace and safety of our good subjects, and to proceed in the full execution thereof with all possible industry and alacrity. And if the High Sheriff shall be absent, or neglect to perform his duty being present, that you proceed in the service, and if you find any persons so malicious as not to yield obedience to our said authority, that you pro ceed against them by imprisonment or otherwise according to the direction and power of the said Commission, of the legality whereof we being so well assured notwithstanding any abets to the contrary, we think that rule the best for you to proceed by and shall protect you therein, and all such who shall dutifully submit to our authority with our through power, and with the hazard of our life. And that you remove all such persons from any command over any part of the militia whom you find unfit for the service, especially those who have executed the pretended ordinance* so expressly against our consent, and the known law of the land. Against whom we shall shortly proceed in an exemplary way for such their transcendent presumption. Except you find them sensible of their former error and desirous to obey our com mands. And our pleasure is that our trusty and well beloved Samuel p. 242. Sandys, Esq", of whose affection to our service and to the public peace of the kingdom we are well assured, shall command the Horse of this our county And because notwithstanding the large power in our commis sion to array such of our good subjects as shall be fit for the service, we well know you will out of due regard to our people only summon such, except extraordinary occasion happen, who have been usually or are of our trained bands, yet we think fit in this time of so public distraction * " of the militia " — a pen is drawn through these words. 64 ANNALS. that you receive without summons all such who shall voluntarily offer themselves to train and muster. And that you in our name signify our very good acceptance of that expression of their affections, and use them with that regard as such forwardness and zeal to ours and the publick service deserves. And we do further require you our said Commissioners, or so many of you as are Justices of the Peace within that our said County that you make inquiry after such seditious preachers, and other persons of what degree soever, who endeavour by their sermons, counsels, and discourses to lessen and deprave our just legal authority, and to incense our good subjects against us, and that you proceed against them as stirrers of sedition and promoters of rebellion against us, especially against those who shall presume to execute that pretended ordinance, which at this time we interpret to be no other than levying war against us, And that you give all encouragement and assistance to those whose zeal and affection is eminent to our service, and we do hereby authorize you and every of you our said commissioners to receive such subscriptions as any of our loving subjects of the county shall be willing to make for the assistance of us by men, horses, or otherwise, in p. 243- this great distraction of the commonwealth, and to receive such money as any of our good subjects of the said county shall be willing to lend us upon these our urgent occasions for the defence of our person and for the religion and laws of the kingdom, and any acknowledgment given under any two of your hands of the receipt of such monies shall be an engagement upon us to repay the same with interest after the rate of #8 per cent., which we shall punctually perform, and shall moreover acknowledge it as a most seasonable testimony of their affection and loyalty unto us, which we shall never forget. Lastly our will and pleasure is that you take into your custody the arms of all recusants within your county, and so the same safely keep. Given at our Court at Doncaster the 2i8t of June 1642 in the 18th yeare of our reign. To our right trusty and right well beloved and to our trusty and well beloved our Commissioners of Array for our County of Worcester. The issue of this commission and these instructions caused the question of the action to be taken on them to be brought up at the Worcestershire Midsummer Quarter Sessions, 13 July 1642, when the following petition was resolved upon. This was due mostly to the opposition of Sergeant Wylde, one of the county members. ANNALS. 65 P- 235- To the right Worshipful, etc. The Petition of the Grand Jury at the Sessions July 13"1 1642 Sheweth That with all thankfulness and from the bottom of our hearts we acknowledge that exceeding great favour the Parliament hath been pleased to shew unto us in declaring the illegality of the Commission of Array intended at this present to be executed amongst us, and we do most humbly beseech these to whom the ordinance of the Militia of this county is intrusted that they would be pleased speedily to put the same in execution, That so his Majesty's royal person, the Parliament and kingdom may be secured which as we are now fully persuaded are in great danger, by reason of the plots of the malignant party, and persons ill affected to the King and state, etc. There is a note in another hand. Memdm. This petition was disavowed by a declaration of the High Sheriff,* Lord Coventry, Baronets, Knights, gentlemen, freeholders of the County at the Grand Assizes held 3rd August following, and that this petition was framed by some ill affected persons to the peace of the county. p. 236. Wigorn. SS. Nom. Jur. ad inquirendum. Not sworn. Paulus Rumney. This family is now in existence. i828.f Thomas Turbeville. Do. Thomas Moore. Do. Richardus Yarnold. Do. John Best. Do. Richardus Cosonett. Richardus Saunders. Do. John George. Do. John Palmer. Do. Thomas Taylor. John Poolehouse. John Spooner. Do. Christopher Gillam. Do. Simon Cowley. Richard Cotterell. Do. John Marshall. William Styles. Mem. to this petition there was not one gent, of the Jury. * The Sheriff was Edward Vernon, f In a modern hand. 66 ANNALS. The Commissioners do not appear to have attached much importance to the petition of the Grand Jury, as they at once issued their warrant to muster the county. p. 237. Wigorn. SS. The copy of the Commissioners of Array warrant to the High Constable for to send to the petty constables throughout the county of Worcester. We his Majesty's Commissioners of Array for the County of Worcester whose names are subscribed send greeting. Whereas the King's Majesty by his Commission under the great seal of Englaud bearing date at Beverley the 23rd day of July last past in the eighteenth year of his Majesty's reign have authorized us amongst others in the said commission named to array, train and muster the inhabitants of this county in these times of distraction according to the tenor of the said commission and instructions sent to us from his Majesty under his hand. These are therefore to will and require you forthwith upon receipt hereof you issue forth your warrant to all the petty constables within your limits and division thereby requiring them to give warning to all the trained and freehold and clergy bands within their constablewick both horse and foot that are charged with armes p. 238. to come and appear before us or any three or more of us upon the twelfth day of August next being Friday in the morning by nine of the clock, at and in the great meadow called Pitchcroft near the City of Worcester completely armed and arrayed, And you are to take notice yourself and give warning to the petty Constables that neither you nor they nor any of the said trained band horse or foot fail of their appear ance upon pain of such penalties as shall fall thereon. And further we do require you and every of you to signify unto all such as are well affected to this service that so many as will voluntarily come in at the day and place appointed with their armes or otherwise shall be well received and perform an acceptable service to their king and country. Dated at Talbot in Sidbury, the first day of August in the 18th yeare of the reign of our Sovereign Lord Charles by the grace of God King of England Scotland France and Ireland Defender of the Faith etc. p. 239. 13 signatures are obliterated. Not content with this, the Commissioners wrote to their friends to find horses, ANNALS. 67 p. 244. A copy of letters sent to gentlemen to bring in their horses to the Commissioners of Array. Sir, Whereas we whose names are subscribed have received his Majesty's Commission of Array for this County of Worcester forth with to be put in execution, By virtue whereof we are to give you. sum mons and notice that you upon Friday next in the morning by ten of the clock being the twelfth day of this month you bring in such horse or horses, arms and array to the great meadow called Pitchcroft near the City of Worcester, that you have been heretofore charged withal, or stand at this present charged, that there may be a full and exact review thereof taken, and, if occasion be, to be trained and exercised, which service we doubt not of your ready performance as you will express your loyalty to the preservation of the King's person and safety of your country. So, we rest, your loving friends. There are twelve signatures to this letter, but they have been very carefully obliterated. A copy of a letter sent by the Commissioners to the Secretary of State detailing the proceedings of the Royalist gentry comes next. p. 245. A copy of the Commissioners' letter to Mr Secretary to certify the King how far they have proceeded. My lord, Having made an entry of our duty and good affection to his Majesty's service, we think fit to pursue our cheerfulness in the dispatch of this gentleman, who brings your lordship the original subscription with this humble and urgent request, that it may be presented to our Sovereign lord the King, as the first fruits in this kind of our obedience and love to his Majesty's sacred person and commands, hoping in con venient time to give the active expressions of our declarations by putting the Commission of Array in execution within few days, and by acting of all other services that may conduce to his Majesty's safety and his kingdom's. Your lordship's most humble servants, 12 signatures obliterated. The Assizes were held on the 3rd August, and the grand jury made a presentment similar to that at Quarter Sessions. 68 ANNALS. p. 247. A copy of the Declaration and protestation agreed upon by the Grand Jury at the Assizes for the County of Worcester the 3rd day of August 1642, and assented unto by the High Sheriff, the Lord Coventry, the Baronets, Knights, Justices of the peace, Gentlemen, and freeholders of the County of Worcester. We do with all thankfulness acknowledge ourselves very sensible of those sundry good laws which through his Majesty's great grace and goodness have been obtained for us this parliament, And we do our selves rejoice in his Majesty's pious and tender care repeated by his gracious declarations in print, and expressions by letter read unto us, and all the county at this Assize in open court to defend and maintain the true Protestant religion by law established against popish recusants, anabaptists, and all other separatists, And if his Majesty will preserve the freedom and just privileges of parliament with all which promises and expressions we are so abundantly satisfied, that we do not any way distrust his Majesty's constancy in these Resolutions, and we do declare that we will be ready to attend his Majesty in all lawful ways for the putting of the county in a posture of arms for the defence of his Majesty and the peace of his kingdoms. Therefore we resolve according to our oath of supremacy, allegiance, and the late protesta tion to adventure our lives and fortunes in defence of his Majesty's p. 248. Royal person and honour and the just rights and privileges of Parlia ment, and the known laws of the land and liberties of the subjects, that thereby the distractions and disturbances of his Majesty's kingdom may be reduced to his Majesty's legal government, And whereas the Grand Jury at the last sessions delivered a petition thereby desiring the supervising of the Militia, we utterly disavow it as not agreeable to the intents or desires of us or any considerable number of the County, and we do hereby declare that by the information which we have received from several of the persons then of the Grand Jury that it was not of their own framing but contrived and prepared for them by some persons not well affected to the peace and quiet of this county. 66 signatures obliterated. The Grand Jury had some evidence before them as to what the Royalists were doing, as the next document shews. ANNALS. 69 p. 254. This is a copy taken out of Sir W. Russell's notes at the Assizes held at Worcester 5th August 1642. Shewed the Grand Jury. A note of the Magazine powder, match and lead heretofore provided for this County, and how it is now placed. The gross sums. 44 Bar- rells of powder, 1 tun and a half of lead and 2276 lbs. of match, beside the magazine of the city of Worcester. At Evesham .... powder At Droitwich . At Bewdley At Kidderminster At Bromsgrove Sir Walter Devereux Sir Tho. Russell Sir John Rouse Giles Savage, Esq The City of Worcester 12 barrels, match 600 weight. powder . 6 barrels, match 300 weight. powder . 6 barrels, match 300 weight. powder . 6 barrels, match 300 weight. powder . 10 barrels, match 776 weight. Of lead remaining in the places aforesaid 1 ton and a half. powder . 1 barrel and 50 lbs. of match. powder . 1 barrel and 50 lbs. of match. powder . 1 barrel and 50 lbs. of match. powder . 1 barrel and 50 lbs. of match. powder . 5 barrels and 1 1 2 lbs. of match and 500 of lead. P- 253- 1642. The Captains' names and places companies before the Commissioners and August. Captain John Gent's company, being at Bewdley the 22nd of August before Captain Philip Brace's company, being at Worcester before Captain John Speite's company, being at Pershore before Captain Scudamore Pitt's company, bein at Droitwich before where they shall train their their names, the 22nd of foot, to be exercised 3 names obliterated. foot, to be exercised 6 names obliterated. foot, to be exercised 5 names obliterated. g foot, to be exercised 4 names obliterated. p. 254. Captain Richard Pitt's company for the Clergy, being foot, to be exercised at Worcester before the aforesaid Commissioners that are at Worcester. The Commissioners were not content with collecting men and materials. They issued warrants to search houses of suspected Parliamentarians and to seize unnecessary arms. 70 annaIS. V- 355- A copy of a warrant for search in suspected houses for unnecessary arms. To E. S. and F. S., gent., High Constable of the Hundred of H. in the County of W. and to every of them. Whereas we whose names are subscribed being his Majesty's Com missioners of Array for the County of Worcester have had intelligence that one T. I. of D. in the County of W. hath in his house aforesaid divers arms for the arraying of men, we not knowing for what ends the same arms are provided, and having a care to preserve the peace of the King's Majesty and of the country in these times of distraction, These are (for the preventing of danger) to will and require you forthwith to see what arms are in the house of T. I., and if you or either of you shall find more arms to be in his custody than are fitting for a man of his rank and quality, that then you make stay of the same arms and to retain them with you, and to certify us or any three of us of your doing herein to the end that such further order may be taken herein as we shall think fit. Dated at W. the day of A. 1642. R. B. (and 12 pairs of initials obliterated). The Commissioners also induced the Royalist gentry to enter into an undertaking to find horses. P- 357- A copy of the declaration of the Gentry of the County of Worcester that subscribe for Horse. Whereas there is an apparent necessity of putting the kingdom into a posture of war for the suppressing of insurrections within, and oppo sing of invasions from abroad, we whose names are underwritten have thought fit to undertake to maintain and have in readiness such number of Horse furnished fit for war as we do here subscribe to for the main tenance and defence of his Majesty's Royal person and just prerogative, the Protestant Religion as it is now established, the laws of the realm, the just privileges of Parliament and the public peace against all oppo sition whatsoever, and the same horse to be disposed of within the county for three months after the xiiiith of this instant August 1642. Wor cester. Horse. Horse. Tho. Coventry . IO Rowl. Berkeley . 4 T. Littleton . 6 Sam. Sandys ¦ 4 Jo. Packington . . 6 John Washbourn a Edw. Sebright . 6 John Nanfan . 2 ANNALS. 71 Horse. 6 2 3 4 Joseph Walsh John Keyte, jun Tho. Savage Martin Sandys Ed. Vernon Hen. Townshend Horse. 2 4 4 2 I I 2 I 4 In a modern hand. This account shews the number furnished by each gentleman. Wil. Russell Tho. Rouse Math. Came Hen. Herbert P- 358. Rich. Vaughan* Edward Savage Edw. Broad Tho. Child Rob. Steyner Edw. Rouse William Langston Hen. Norwood Willm. Mucklow Rich. Foley Hen. Ingram Willm. Walsh George Cole Ja. Littleton Tho. Chetle Jo. Dickins J. Atwood . John Rouse Edw. Bushell Fr. Sheldon Fr. Finch . Edm. Fortescue Roger Cook Meanwhile the Royalists continued making their preparations. The following gives the result of a Council at Worcester : — p. 259. Aug. 17th at Worcester. Propositions. 1. No answer to be returned of the letters until Wednesday next. 2. Two propositions to be made to the Trained bands by the several Commissioners upon Monday next whereof the — 1. That every trained soldier should bring a fresh soldier for supply in his room for neighbouring service. # Tn's name is struck out. 72 ANNALS. 2. That such persons as will voluntarily offer their service to the king, shall presently be enrolled and receive such pay as the rest of the soldiers in the King's army. Propositions. (Words obliterated.) I. What pay the officers and soldiers shall have per diem. 2. When they shall enter into pay ? 3. What place they shall have for their rendezvous. 4. Who shall be the commissary. 5. What arms they can be furnished with ? and where ? That the Lords and gentlemen of this County desire to be excused in sending of these propositions in this nature. In regard of the great business now upon our hands and that within few days they shall have answer to their letter. In the mean crave an answer to the pro positions. Warwickshire wrote to know what Worcestershire was doing, sending the following letter : — p. 250. A copy of a letter from the Commissioners of Array within the County of Warwick. To our very loving friends the lords and others Commissioners of Array for the County of Worcester, or any of them. My lords and gentlemen, Being desirous to give you a speedy account of our pro ceedings at Banbury and Warwick, and that the relation thereof particularly would require more time than at this present may well be spared; We have entreated this Gentleman the bearer hereof to impart the same unto you, who can at large and exactly perform it. And having heard of your late worthy Resolutions for the defence of his Majesty's person, the true Protestant religion, the known laws of the land and the just privileges of Parliament, wherein we are most ready to join with you, we can do [no] less than acquaint you, that there are certain forces already upon the march from London towards these parts in opposition to his Majesty, his Royal authority and disturbance of the peace of this kingdom, whereby we are all in danger to be embroiled in a civil war, if timely prevention be not had, And do there fore desire that for the mutual strength of us all and speedy resistance of such power, you will join with us in that correspondence as is requi site in this case, and to that purpose forthwith to raise and have in readiness all your forces as well trained bands as other to the end we may receive such speedy and necessary supply, as upon so great an ANNALS. 73 p. 251. exigency shall be requisite which we doubt not, but with God's blessing will much redound to our common safety and the peace of this kingdom, And so in great haste we rest Your very loving friends, Warwick, (9 signatures obliterated.) 11th August 1643. Postscript. — Since the writing hereof we have had certain intelli gence by letters from York that the King will be speedily here in person with considerable forces by the end of this week expecting the assistance of the adjacent counties which assures him and is of a pros perous success. To this Worcestershire sent the following reply : — A copy of the answer from the Commissioners of Array of Worcestershire to the Gentlemen in Warwickshire. My lords and gentlemen, Your letters of the eleventh from Warwick were delivered us the 12th of this month at night by the gentleman intrusted with it, who satisfied the report and our expectation in a particular and exact relation of your proceedings. This day the Commission of Array for this County was put in execution, the fault that was committed is recovered in part, and the country vindicated from mistake and prejudice. The appearance of the Gentry and Commons was very great and the acclamation very high for his Majesty's service, not a dissenting voice, but one and all like good subjects for the King's safety and honour. p. 252. By this new birth the nobility, gentry and Commons of this county have given full evidence to their neighbours that they are likely to make good the declaration published at the last Assizes and hope (the county being delivered of its fears and jealousies) to give such real and active testimonies of their good affections to your security as may increase the friendship and tie the knot faster for the public peace of this kingdom, and the mutual peace of our friends, wherein our peace is concluded, knowing very well the danger knocks at our doors, that the vicinity of counties involves a vicinity of interest, and that the danger is ours which is the best fense that can be put upon, it. And the gentlemen of this county have made cheerful expressions of their love to 74 ANNALS. your aid, and are willing to attend in person upon lawful warnings for the King's service and safety of their neighbours, wherein they desire a full concurrence from the contiguous counties, and that you would pre serve them in your good opinion, etc. Your very loving friends, Worcester, (14 signatures obliterated.) 13th August. The Warwick reply shews they were not very confident. p. 260. Warwickshire letter. To our very loving friends the lords and others the Commissioners of Array for the county of Worcester. My lords and gentlemen, We having received yours of the 14th of this present August in answer to ours of the xith do acknowledge your singular regards of us in resenting our present dangers, for which we shall return unto you our hearty thanks, and do desire hereby to assure you that we shall always continue most ready to give the like assistance unto you when soever occasion shall be offered, and forasmuch as those forces formerly mentioned are approaching nearer unto us and that great numbers of men from several parts of this county have since we sent to you gathered themselves together in a warlike manner and are already entered in the city of Coventry (a place of great strength) there waiting their fittest opportunity by joining with others as we have cause to suspect, which powers, if timely resistance do not interpose, may prove of dangerous consequence not only to these parts, but to the kingdom in general. We therefore intending by God's assistance to use such means for the peace of the kingdom and our own preservation as by his Majesty's special directions we have in charge, which is partly by assistance from the neighbour counties, do desire that with all possible speed you will raise such forces of Horse and foot within your county as may yield us aid herein, and to send them forthwith unto Warwick lest p. 261. the delay thereof shall expose us to that danger, out of which it may then be more difficult to work ourselves, in expectance whereof we rest your very loving friends, Warwick (7 signatures obliterated.) 15th Aug. 1642. No reply made for the E. of Northampton removed from Warwick to the King-. ANNALS. 75 In a modern 19th century hand. These names it was a matter of policy in change of times to deface. A good example for any age. The Worcestershire Commissioners wrote to the Secretary of State detailing their proceedings. p. 262. A copy of the answer of Mr Secretary Nicholas' letter by the Commission. Honourable Sir, In these sad and distempered times we have not met with any just cause of joy, but in his Majesty's gracious acceptance of our weak and imperfect endeavours, which have more fervent affections than power for his service, for upon due inspection of our county we find such want of arms and ammunition that unless his Majesty do supply us in some fit proportion and speedily we shall be unable to serve him in that useful way which is agreeable to the occasion and our desires, The putting of the ordinance of the Militia into operation by our neighbours, The approaches of the London forces to our confines, and the withdrawing of the King from the castle of Warwick have conveyed such fears into the commons of this county that no peremptory confidence can be raised out of them, which may the rather incline his sacred Majesty to relieve us in time and manner fit for his satisfaction and our defence. We do wish that the power given to the Mayor of this city by his Majesty's warrant for the seizing of the arms of all papists and others, ill affected persons, had been extended to the places of the Out county. In pre senting our humble duty and service to his Majesty you shall do a special favour to your very loving friends and servants. August 23rd 1642. (10 signatures obliterated.) Whether the former warrant was found not to cover everything or for some other cause, an amended form was also issued. p. 263, in the modern hand. Form of warrant to search the houses of the disaffected. To E. S. and F. S., gents, High Constables of the Hundred of H. Whereas we whose names are subscribed commissioners of Array for the county of Worcester have had intelligence that T. G. and T. P. 76 ANNALS. of D. hath in their houses diverse arms for the arraying of men above their proportion of estate, we not knowing for what ends the same arms are provided, and having a care to preserve the peace of the King's Majesty and of the Country in these times of distraction, These are (for the preventing of danger) to will and require you forthwith to search and see what arms and ammunition are in the houses or custody of the said T. G. and T. P., and if you or either of you shall find more arms than for his rank and quality that then you make stay of the same arms and keep them in your custody, and to certify us or any three of us of your doing herein, to the end that such further order may be taken both for preserving them and also for the peace of the county. The action of the Worcestershire Commission of Array seems to have been appreciated by the Court. Lord Falkland himself sent this reply : — p. 269. A copy of Mr Secretary's letter to [name obliterated] in thanks to the county of Worcester for receiving the Commission of Array on his Majesty's behalf. To the right Honourable my very good lord [name obliterated] . (? Lord Coventry.) My lord, I received this day from your Honour and the other gentlemen of Worcestershire a letter dated the first of this instant, with a declara tion and protestation enclosed agreed upon by the Grand Jury the 3 of August 1642 at the Assizes held for the aforesaid County, and assented to by the High Sheriff, the Lords, the Baronets, knights, justices of the Peace, gentlemen and freeholders of the same, with this I imme diately acquainted his Majesty, who hath commanded to signify your lordship and the gentlemen that signed and directed that letter to me That he is very much pleased to hear the Commission of Array will be so soon put into so good a way, and returns his thanks to your lord ship and the rest, as well for the care and diligence that hath put it into so good a forwardness, As for the other fruits of your obedience and love to his person and commands, of which as he is very sensible so he will not fail to be mindful upon all occasions. His Majesty hath like wise commanded me to signify to your Lordship, the High Sheriff, and all the Baronets, Knights, Gentlemen, and others that agreed upon and signed the declaration and protestation, that he received it with very much satisfaction and looks upon it as an evidence of the very great ANNALS. 77 p. SI70. loyalty and affection of that County to him and his service and returns his thanks to you all for the duty and confidence expressed in it, assuring you that by all expressions of care and affection towards his people, he will continue and augment the one, and never do anything contrary to his professions to decrease the other. One particular his Majesty takes especial notice of, which is the manner of contriving a petition formerly in that county, which as he is well pleased to hear had not the first rise from thence, so he assures you he is certainly informed of the like carriage of persons of like affections in petitions of like kind heretofore in several other counties. Your lordship is desired by his Majesty to make this known to all by whom that letter and declaration is signed, and besought by me to believe that I am, my lord, Your lordship's most humble servant, I have returned the original to (Falkland.) your lordship. York, Aug. 10th. [In the modern hand.] A beautiful diplomatic letter. The celebrated Lord Falkland. Matters were approaching a crisis on the 22nd August. Charles set up his Standard at Nottingham. The Worcestershire Commission issued a revised list of those who would find horses. p. 271. Corner torn off. [Names] of the Gentlemen that find Horse for [the coun]ty of Worcester. Willm Curteen, Eq1' . 2 [Sir J. Pa]kington . . . . [Se] bright . Sir W. Russell . . 2 . 2 . 1 2 Sir Ralph Clare . Sir Row. Berkeley 1 1 Sir Hen. Herbert . 1 Sir J. Rouse 1 Sir T. Nott . 1 Samuel Sandys, Eq1 Mr Th. Lucy Mr H. Bromley . Mr Ed. Pitt . 1 1 1 1 M1' Humph. Salloway Mr Willm Child . Mr Serjeant Wyld M1' Sharingt. Talbot M1' Jo. Savage Mrs Abigail Packington M1' J. Winford . Mr Wal. Blunt . Mr Joseph Walsh Mc Ed. Vernon . Mr Gower and Mr Cook, Dl Longdon . . . . M1' Franc. Finch . 1 1 1 111 1 1 11 1 I 7B ANNALS. Sir Mich. Hutchinson . I Mr Hen. Townshend . . i Mr J. Washbourn 1 Mr Th. Horniold . . . 1 Mr T. Greaves 1 Mr John Nanfan . . . 1 M" Kat. Savage . I Mr Th. Good ... 1 M1 H. Ingram I Mr Ed. Dingley . 1 Mr Th. Savage . 1 Mr Th. Jeffreys . . . 1 Mr W. Jeffreys . 1 Mr I. Dickins and Mr W. Mr" Ann Robins . [ Langston . 1 Mr W. Stephens . . . 1 Mr John Dormer . . .1 p. 272. Sir George Wintour M1' Franc. Hannford . . 1 Mr Sam. Knightley Mr Sam. Atwood and Mrs Mr Rob. Gower . Lydiat 1 Mra Ann Fleet Mr" Cooke of Staunton . . 1 Mr Dan. Dobyns . Mr J. Freeman of Bushley and Mr Rog. Lowe Mr Thomas Bushell . . J M1' Georg. Lench and his sor Mr John Bourne . . .1 John Lench Mr Th. Chetle . . . 1 Mr Th. Barnsley and Mr Ed Mr Rowl. Bartlett . . 1 East. Mr Th. Acton de Bocleton . 1 Mr Willm Brown and Mr W Mr Edm. Turvey . . . 1 Parsons Mr Rich. Foley . M'' Ed. Broad Mr Russell de Malvern . I My Th. Gower . . . 1 Mr Franc. Haselwood . I and with his son and M1' Mr Ph. B[? race] . Tho. Chase .... Hanbury Mr Rob. Gower M' Char of Colmarch . . 1 Mr T. Jolly and Mr Ed. Barrett de Wick . 1 Patchett The King thought more disarming should be done, and so sent the following order : — P- *73- Charles R. Whereas there is a general apprehension of some design intended against this our kingdom by papists and others ill affected persons, we do therefore hereby require and authorize you forthwith to make search for, seize and take into your custody all such arms as you shall find in the hands of recusants inhabiting within our city of Worcester and the ANNALS. 79 County of the same, or which do properly belong to them in whose hands soever the same are. And likewise that you seize and take into safe custody the arms of all persons within the said city and liberties, who by law ought not to have arms at all, and of such factious and seditious persons who have or shall publicly neglect and despise our just lawful authority, and presume to yield or require obedience to any power over the militia of this our kingdom not consented to by us, contrary to the known laws of the land, and of your performance of these our commands, we expect a speedy account, for which this shall be your sufficient warrant, given at our Court at Stonely Abbey the 20th of Aug. 1642. To our trusty and well beloved our commissioners of Array for our county of Worcester or any three of them, and for their assistance to the mayor and sheriff of our city of Worcester and the county thereof. Not content with this, Charles urged a further step to be taken, that the Worcester force should go to the support of Warwick, from which Lord Brooke had just compelled Lord Northampton to retire. p. 274. His Majesty taking notice of the forwardness and good affection of the Gentry of that County as well in raising a troop of Horse for his service as by being well inclined to levy some foot also for his Majesty's service, hath commanded me by these to send you his Royal thanks, and to desire you in his name to send with all possible diligence the Gentlemen's troop to the Earl of Northampton and Lord of Dunsmore to Warwick. And to let you know, it will be very acceptable to him, and much for the advantage of his service, if you shall also send forth with some foot to Warwick likewise, The sooner these forces shall be sent to Warwick the great advantage it will be to his service, which his Majesty knows you will by your expedition and diligence adventure. This being what I had in command to deliver to you from his Majesty I rest your very affectionate friend and humble servant Edw. Nicholas. Stonley Abbey, 2i8t Aug. 1642. To my Honorable friends the Commissioners of Array for the County of Worcester. 80 ANNALS. Having raised his Standard at Nottingham on the 22nd August and then declared war, Charles urged vigorous action. P- 275- Charles R. Right trusty and right well beloved and trusty and well beloved, we greet vou well. Whereas we have been informed that several ill affected persons in the county of Worcester are provided from London with arms and ammunition not suitable to their condition and quality (whilst our good subjects are not suffered to buy arms or ammunition there, but what they have is taken from them and their persons imprisoned and detained) which gives just cause of suspicion of some design to raise troubles and commotions in that our county, and to assist those who have raised an army and marched with part of it against us, and are by us proclaimed traitors, These are therefore to will and require you to choose out and keep together such forces of that our county, and to authorize you to raise such further forces therein as you shall see con venient for the preservation of that our county as well from the rebels who are now quartered not far from that our county as from those ill- affected persons within the same. And we likewise signify unto you, that if you think it more convenient to have any further commission issued for raising of forces to that purpose, that you make known your p. 276. desires herein, and to whom you would have it directed which shall receive a sudden despatch. And we desire you to employ the utmost of your care and industry and interest in those parts to encourage all our good subjects to such a voluntary contribution as may suffice to pay the forces so raised as long as they shall be necessary for your general safety, and to appoint among yourselves a receiver for the same. To which if need shall be we shall order to be paid in such monies as the Clergy of that said county shall willingly contribute for our defence, according to the very good example of affection and loyalty which they have received from the principal persons both of that and many other counties and particularly from both our Universities, concerning which we have now written to the Bishop of that diocese. And we likewise will and require you out of such forces as shall be by you raised or drawn together to employ such as you shall think fit to search for and seize all such arms either for Horse or foot, and such other store of ammunition as remain in the possession of any such person as you shall find cause to suspect to intend the disturbance of the peace of that our county and to seize ANNALS. 8 1 p. 277. and secure yourselves of all such suspected persons, And for so doing this shall be your sufficient warrant given at our Court at Nottingham this 28111 day of August in the 18th year of our reign. 1642. To our right trusty and right well beloved and to our trusty and well beloved the Commissioners of Array for our county of Worcester. The Commissioners were of opinion that more men could be raised, so in their reply begged they might have authority to enlist volunteers. The answer. R* Honourable His Majesty's warrant of the 28th by Mr Herbert Price came to our hands the 30th of this month, wherein we take great pleasure and con tent to behold the singular care and goodness of our sacred Sovereign in providing for the safety of his faithful subjects of this county to the great encouragement of them for which we send our humblest thanks and duty to his Majesty, There is an offer of a commission for the raising of Volunteers, which hath been much wanting, and if it may please you to direct the commission to all or any three of the Commissioners of Array and to speed it away it may much advance his Majesty's service and conduce to our preservation which is the earnest desire of your humble servants. The Commissioners sent certain proposals to the city of Worcester trying to induce them to work with the county. p. 278. Propositions 30th August. 1. To entreat Mr Mayor and the Chamber of the city to yield their consent for billetting of such Horse* as shall be thought fit for the safeguard of the city and county. 2. That they would be pleased to see what armourers they can provide for the making of arms — weekly, plates being brought in place. 3. To take order that no papists or recusants be suffered to take houses nor be resident within the city. 4. That if a thousand foot or a greater or lesser number be raised for the safety of the county and city, what number they will receive to billet within the city. * " and foot " struck out. M g2 ANNALS. 5. To know what volunteers the city will be concerned to afford for this service upon such pay as the King gives his soldiers. The answer hereof we crave on Friday next. The Court were anxious to organize all county forces on a common basis, and so sent to the Sheriff of Worcestershire the following letter and enclosure : — p. 279. A copy of letters. M Sheriff We have thought fit to recommend to the consideration of yourself and the Commissioners of Array and Gentry of your County the result of our consultations at our meeting, the like whereof we have to the other counties mentioned in the enclosed, if such course seem acceptable to your county aud be thought to tend to your safety, we shall desire to receive notice to Whitchurch upon Thursday next, where some of us shall weekly meet upon that day to treat of our common security. Your very loving friends Whitchurch. Rivers. Sept. 2nd 1642. John Weld Tho. Hanmer Tho. Savadge Paul Harris Rob. Killmoray Tho. Aston R. Cholmondely Ri. Lee Franc. Ottley Tho. Cotton To the High Sheriff of the County of Worcester and the Com missioners of Array or some of them. The Royalists were greatly alarmed by the threatened advance of the Parliament army into the West Midlands, as the enclosed document shews : — p. 281. Whitchurch 2nd Sept. 1642. We his Majesty's Commissioners of Array and others his Majesty's loyal subjects of the several counties of Salop, Denbigh, Flint, and Chester upon solemn consultations and consideration had of the AnnAls. 83 imminent danger to which these counties lie exposed in respect of an army already approached as far as Coventry contrary to his Majesty's command and against his consent, and weighing what outrages have been committed and what miseries our neighbours (though of the Protestant religion) have suffered in plundering their houses and taking away their goods by some of those forces which have been raised against his Majesty's will, Have therefore thought fit and agreed for the necessary defence and safety of our counties, and preservation of ourselves, our wives, children and estates upon these particulars ensuing. 1. That the trained bands of every of the said counties be presently drawn into a body in some convenient place of the several counties adjacent to the confines thereof to be in a readiness to march out of the county for the resisting all such forces as shall advance on this side p. 282. Coventry or any other place at the distance towards any of those counties without his Majesty's consent, and accordingly upon summons from the Sheriff or any three or more of the Commissioners of Array of the counties or firing of the beacons shall presently march away. 2. That for this purpose that they may be kept together in a body to be in readiness. That a fortnight's pay shall be forthwith provided for the trained bands at the charges of the several counties. 3. That when they are to march the Commissioners of Array themselves in person (or such of them as the rest shall agree of) shall conduct them into such counties where such forces shall then approach. 4. All and every the said Commissioners and subscribers do mutually engage themselves in such case to bring what addition of power by volunteers or their own dependants they can severally raise for the resisting of such forces to be under the same conduct as the trained bands be. p. 283. 5. That present representation in all humbleness be made to his Majesty of the danger threatening these counties, and that his Majesty will be pleased to approve these our resolutions, and that such other counties as are willing may come into this association with us, particu larly the counties of Lancaster, Stafford, Worcester, Hereford and the other 4 counties of North Wales. 84 ANNALS. 6. That his Majesty will be pleased in his tender care of us as soon as any forces shall advance towards these counties to send us such assistance of Horse and foot as in his wisdom he shall think may (by joining with the forces of these counties) be able to resist them, and to appoint such General of both these forces as his Majesty shall think fit. 7. It is desired that the Commissioners of the several counties take transcripts of this agreement into their counties subscribed by these now present, and procure the subscriptions of the rest of the gentry and the inhabitants of the several counties, and that some of the commissioners of every county will weekly meet upon Thursday at Whitchurch to give intelligence of their several accidents. p. 284. [24 signatures obliterated.] The " faithful " city of Worcester seems at this time to have had leanings not towards the King but to the Parliament. The reply of the Worcestershire Commissioners to the Council at Whitchurch shews this : — The answer. My lords and Gentlemen, Your letter and propositions of the 2nd of September came to our sight the 5th of this month, and very seasonably in respect of the good affections of his Majesty's Commissioners and our meeting on the same day, But the ill entertainment of the citizens of Worcester have so scattered our thoughts, that they cannot be so suddenly recollected, whereof we make you the judges in the examination of their petition and our answers wherein you may find us concluded by the Mayor and Aldermen before we were advised with th . . . we were ready for that purpose and in diference. We have made choice of another place to confer of the best way to secure this county, and to enable us for an effectual correspondence, which is due unto you not only as neighbours but friends, And when it falls within our power to make it good, none shall be readier to serve you Than your very loving friends. On the 5 th September the King sent to the Worcestershire Commissioners the following authority to enrol volunteers. ANNALS. 85 p. 285. Charles by the grace of God King of England, etc. To our dear son Prince Charles and to our right trusty and well beloved E. E[arl] Dud[ley],T. L[ord] Co[ventry] and to our trusty and well beloved Sir T. C, Sir J. P., E. S., W. R. B., Sir E. L. B., Sir R. C, Sir H. H., Sir J. R., Sir R. B., Sir H. S., J. L., W. C, E. P., J. N., H. T., S. S., J. W., E. V., S. T., F. F., H. I., T. S., Esq™8. E. S[oley], Mayor and the High Sheriff of the county of Worcester for the time being greeting, Whereas there are now at and near our city of London great forces levying and monies raising by way of eontribution and otherwise towards the charge of raising and maintaining an army or forces by order of our two houses of Parliament not only without our consent but contrary to our several express commands published by several proclamations, letters and otherwise, and the said forces are actually in so much forwardness, as that there are divers horsemen daily exercised and trained in places without our said city of London, which army and forces what effects and consequences they may pro duce, if timely be not had we know not. And whereas we are given to understand that there are divers of the said forces now quartered near unto our said county of Worcester and many other ill affected persons residing in the same our country, know ye therefore that we do hereby authorize will and require you and do hereby give to you or any three p. 286. or more of you full power and authority to raise and levy such number of volunteers as you or any three or more of you shall seem neces sary and expedient for the defence of the Protestant religion our person the two Houses of Parliament, the laws of the land, the liberty and property of the subject and privileges of Parliament and for the defence and safety of our good subjects inhabiting in our said county of Wor cester against the said forces and other ill-affected persons now gathered near unto or residing in the said county of Worcester And to lead, con duct and command the said forces so by you levied and raised according to such instructions as you shall receive from us under our signet or sign manual, In witness whereof we have caused these our letters to be made patent and to have continuance during our pleasure, witness ourself at Nottingham the 5th of Sept. in the i8tL year of our reign. per ipsum regem, Willis. Having raised the Worcestershire volunteers, the King appointed Sir Thomas Littleton as their Commander. 86 ANnals. p. 287. Ch. R. Right trusty and well beloved and trusty and well beloved we greet you well. Whereas we have given order for a Commission to authorize you to raise some volunteers in your said county as well for defence of the same, as for an addition to our forces if there shall be cause to call them to us, we have thought good to recommend unto you Sir Th. Littleton as a person of very good affections to us and his country fit to be Colonel of the trained bands and Volunteers which you shall there raise, if you shall approve of him and think fit, as we do, to reduce them all into one regiment, which we leave to your discretions who best know what will be most fit for the safety of that county and good of our service. And because we understand that there are divers men ill affected to our person and government and the peace of that county who have gotten into their hands great number of arms and munitions, We do hereby command and authorize you to make diligent inquiry after all such persons and to seize and take into your custody the arms and all warlike provisions which any such ill affected persons shall have and to dispose the same as you shall conceive to be most for the safety and preservation of the peace of the county and the good of our service. For which this shall be to you and every of you sufficient warrant. Given at our Court at Nottingham the 3rd of Sept. 1642. To our right trusty andwell beloved Edward Lord Dudley and [Thomas Lord Coventry] and to our trusty and well beloved the rest of our Com missioners of Array for our county of Worcester and to any of them. Sir Thomas Littleton under this commission became the Royalist Commander of all the forces raised in the county. p. 288. Charles R. Charles by the Grace of God, King, etc. To our trusty and well beloved Sir Tho. Littleton, Kn* and Baronet, Greeting. Out of the special trust and confidence we have in your approved fidelity, wisdom, valour and circumspection We have constituted, ordained and made, and we do hereby constitute, ordain, and make you our Colonel over all our forces both of Horse and foot of the trained bands in our county of Worcester, And you hereby authorize them in martial manner to train, lead, discipline, and command in all such places and services as by us you shall be directed or by our Commissioners of Array to you and others directed is already warranted and authorized. And we do further hereby straitly charge and command all the officers and soldiers of the annals. 87 said trained bands you to obey as their Colonel, and duly to perform and execute all and every your commands, And you likewise yourself diligently and carefully in all things to govern and acquit, as to the duty of such your place as Colonel over the said trained bands doth of right appertain and belong. Given under our sign manual at our Court at Nottingham this 3rd day of Sept. in the 18th year of our Reign 1642. Mem. the words (of the County of the City) was omitted to add to the County of Worcester, that a new Commission was sent for with that clause. The Worcester citizens were not at all disposed to assist the King, as their letter to the Mayor shews : — "" "* The city petition to the Mayor. To the right worshipful the Mayor, Aldermen and Sheriff of the city of Worcester and to the rest of the Gentlemen of the Chamber there. The humble petition of the trained soldiers and commons of the said city whose names are expressed in the schedules hereunto annexed Sheweth — That whereas we are given to understand by several letters and sundry printed papers which have come to our hands, that the Cavaliers and soldiers in divers parts of this kingdom (where they come) have plundered the towns, bloodily killing the king's peaceable subjects, rifling their houses, and violently taking away of their goods and in some places deflowered women. And forasmuch as there are resorted to this city divers strangers, gentlemen and others whereof some of them are voted by the parliament to be delinquents and some other papists or popishly affected, whereby it is generally suspected and feared they have some design upon this city, or at leastwise may occasion the bringing an army upon this city to the Ruin thereof, And for that we have been credibly informed that there is an intent to billet soldiers here, which (we conceive) may be very dangerous to this City, in case they should overmaster the p. 290. Inhabitants thereof, For the better prevention whereof, we offer unto your serious considerations these propositions following, Humbly praying your present answer hereunto for which we attend in person. The Propositions. 1. That such Delinquents and papists which are or shall come into this City may be disarmed and put forth of this City, lest the hand of justice following them hither, we for and with them suffer. 88 ANNALS. 2. That those Troopers and all Adherents to the unlawful Com mission of Array, which daily appear here to the terror of the citizens, the hindrance of our Trade and market, and tend to the dividing of the King and Parliament, may be henceforth kept forth of this City, and that the Drums be not suffered any more to be beaten up here for any Volunteers against the King or parliament. 3. That no soldiers be entertained or billetted in this City under the pretence of the safety thereof, or otherwise. 4. That such arms within this City as may conveniently be spared, be delivered into the hands of several able and sufficient men of this City, whereby they may be exercised and disciplined therewith, and so fitted to defend this City in case any sudden assault shall be made thereupon. p. 291. 5. That there be sufficient and strict watch and ward at every gate within this City, and at the quay head. And especial care taken that all passengers and carriages by land and water be examined and searched which shall come into or go forth of this city or liberties thereof. Of all which we desire your good concordance with us, that you and we being members that make up the politic body of this City, and so you and we agreeing in one, Dissention (which hath been the mother of all our feared evils) may be taken away, and for the consummation that happy peace desired, we will in the first place be earnest to implore the assistance of the Almighty and readily venture our lives and estates in defence of the King and parliament and of this our City. And we shall pray, etc. The Mayor sent a separate reply, which does not shew any very great leaning to the King. Mr Mayor's answer. 1. To the first proposition is granted that the Lord Lovelace and one Mr Stanford who are by the Commons declared to be delinquents and papists shall be required speedily to depart the City, and if they do not upon such request depart, they shall by lawful means be enforced thereunto. 2. That the Commissioners of Array shall be treated withal by the Mayor and Aldermen and to acquaint them with the fear and desire of the Commons, and that they be desired to forbear to appoint their meetings in this City any more. p. 292. 3. That there hath not been any such intention of billetting of soldiers in this City, neither shall there be any soldier here billetted, if : it may be prevented. ANNALS. 89 4. That the Mayor hath not power of himself to compel the citizens to deliver their arms into the hands of any particular persons, nor to train nor discipline the citizens, but this particular hath been granted unto many Corporations by Ordinance of parliament, and (at your request) we shall endeavour to obtain the like. 5. It is granted that there shall be watch and ward and search according to your desires. Within three weeks, on 24th September the city had to submit to all the tender mercy of a hostile Parliamentary force, as on that day Essex occupied Worcester. Neither the Mayor nor the citizens found it pleasant. The Mayor was made to go down on his knees and beg Essex's pardon for having betrayed the city. The Commissioners of Array considered the best thing was to leave the city to its fate. Byron was marching there from Oxford, Essex from Alcester ; the Commissioners did nothing. Answer of the Commissioners of Array. 5th Sept. 1642. To the second proposition That his Majesty's Commissioners have taken the proposition of the petitioners which concern themselves into consideration, and though the time be short, and the proposition new and sudden, yet for the satisfaction of the petitioners, Mr Mayor and the Aldermen of the City give this for answer. That they appointed their meetings near the City for the benefit and safety thereof without respect to themselves or families, and at their own charges, But since it rs not so understood, The Com missioners do resolve to forbear any further resort to the City upon the business of Array. On the 1 6th September Byron reached Worcester from Oxford. On the 22nd Essex's advanced guard reached Worcester, but failed to enter it. About midday on the 23rd Rupert swooped down, defeated Essex's men, rescued Byron, and retired towards Ludlow. On the 24th the Parliament troops under Essex occupied Wor cester. They held it until the 20th October, when they marched out to intercept the King on his march to London. On the 90 ANNALS. 23rd October the battle of Edgehill was fought ; after that Col. Thomas Essex was made Governor of Worcester. He remained there until early in November ; about the 1 5th November he retired to Gloucester. A little later in the month Worcester was re-occupied by the Royalists, and Sir William Russell became Governor. On the 17th December 1642 the following message was sent him by the King : — p. 309. Charles R. Trusty and well beloved we greet you well. Whereas there are at this time certain of our forces residing in that our county for the defence of the same against the violence and plundering of the Rebels' Army. And whereas at this time (our Revenue being by force detained from us) we are disabled to pay them, and so have cause to fear lest our soldiers be forced to commit some violence upon the country, which we are most desirous to avoid, These are to will, require and authorize you to cast up the necessary charge for their maintenance, and to cause it in the best and most satisfactory manner to be equally divided throughout the county that every division, Hundred and parish may be rated their pro portionable share and to set them a time and place, and require them in our name to pay it in accordingly all the same, as they tender our Honour, safety, their own defence and preservation, and as they expect that our officers should be enabled to contain their soldiers under such discipline that they may commit no outrages upon the defaulter for want of necessary subsistence, And we will and require you, that acquittances be given to the Country for what is so received, that we may punctually know how to repay the same, which as soon as God shall enable us We promise them to do. And for your obedience to these our Commands this shall be your sufficient warrant. Given at our Court at Oxford this 17th of December 1642. Four days after the King sent another letter to cheer those in the county who were freed from the Parliamentary troops. To our trusty and well beloved Sir William Russell, Baronet and High Sheriff of our County of Worcester. Trusty and well beloved we greet you well. We are very much moved and afflicted with the sense we have of the pressures and sufferings of our good subjects of that County in so high a measure Annals. ^i from the forces of the Rebels, and in some degree from such forces of our own which we were constrained by this Rebellion to raise there for the necessary defence of ourself and of that our County, And we do therefore will and require you to make known to all the Gentry, Clergy, Freeholders, and other our good subjects of that our County That we take in very good part their cheerful expressions from time to time of their affections to us and our service, and to acquaint them with the p. 310. compassionate sorrow with which we are affected for the difficulties and damages they have sustained by reason of this desperate Rebellion, And to assure them that as we are resolved always to govern them by the known laws of the land, that thereby they may have a perfect enjoyment of their liberty and property in the most happy condition that may be and be freed from such breaches of the same, which nothing but the necessity of war (and that to our great grief) should ever in our reign have brought upon them, so we hope God will shortly enable us to defend and protect them from the violence and unnatural opposition of the Rebels and to establish the peace of this kingdom hitherto interrupted by them. And our will and pleasure is, and we do hereby command you to require all our Officers and Ministers of Justice of our said County to have a special care of the due execution of our laws, especially such as have been made for the punishment of Drunkards, profaners of the Lord's day, swearers, and for the relief of the poor, etc. Given at our Court at Oxford this 2i8t day of December 1642. This, as far as the Diary is concerned, ends the year 1642. 02 ANNALS. CHAPTER V. 1643. The first document for this year is a prayer for peace. There is nothing to shew by whom or by whose authority it was issued. It is obviously a Royalist production, but it does not appear, although it is stated to be used in churches, that there was any legal authority for its public use. It is as follows : — p. 293. A prayer for the King in this time of civil division between him and his Parliament, to be said in churches 1643. O Lord guard the person of the King. Ans. Who putteth his trust in thee. Send to him and to his Armies help from thy holy place And evermore mightily defend him. Confound the designs of those that rise up against him, And let not their rebellious wickedness approach to hurt hiin. O Lord hear our prayers, And let our cry come unto thee. 0 Lord God of Hosts who givest victory to Kings and didst deliver David thy servant from the peril of the sword, hear us we beseech thee most miserable sinners who do here pour out our souls before thee, entirely desiring the protection of thy hand upon thy servant the King : let him find safety under the shadow of thy wing, and preserve his person as the Apple of thine own eye, suffer not the sword which thou hast put into his hands to be wrested out by the hands of men : But bless and prosper his Councils with good success, and his enterprises with victory, that he may go on to be a terror to all those that oppose him ; And to be as the dew of the latter rain upon the hearts of all those who still remain loyal to him And O thou who takest no delight in the misery of one single sinner, spare merciful Lord, spare a great, though a most sinful nation, pity a despised church and distracted state, Heal up the wounds which our sins have made so wide, that none but thine own hand can close them and in tenderness of thine unspeakable com passion hasten to put so happy an end to these wasting divisions, That anNals. 93 thy service may be more duly celebrated, thine anointed more conscien tiously obeyed, That the church may be restored to a Christian Unity, And the kingdom to its former peace And for his sake who is the Prince of peace, and that shed his precious blood to purchase our peace even Jesus Christ. Amen. The position at the beginning of 1643 was as follows : — Charles was at Oxford at the head of a considerable force, but in urgent need of money. In Worcestershire Edward Vernon was Sheriff for the first part of the year, and afterwards Sir William Russell, who was also the Military Governor of Worcester. The Mayor of Worcester was Henry Ford. All the strong places in the county were held by Royalists : Dudley by Colonel Leveson, Bewdley by Sir Thomas Lyttelton, Evesham by Colonel Sandys. There was no organized body of Parliament forces in the county. Such being the state of things, Charles or his advisers considered it to be a favourable opportunity to raise money by his favourite device, a voluntary aid. Letters were accordingly directed to the Sheriff ordering him to take steps to raise it. The Sheriff directed the High Constable of each Hundred to call on each of the parish constables to summon all freeholders, copyholders, and able men in their parish to appear at Worcester on the 5th January 1643 to consider a voluntary aid for the defence of His Majesty's person, the Protestant religion, the laws of the land and the privileges of Parliament. Unfortunately the only document given in the Diary is the High Constable's summons to the parish constables in the Hundred. It is as follows : — p. 295. Wigorn. SS. To the Constable of Elmley Lovet. These are by virtue of a precept to me directed from the High Sheriff of this County to require and charge you forthwith upon receipt hereof that you summon all Yeomen, Freeholders, Copyholders and other able 94 ANNALS. persons within your parish, And that both you and they be and person ally appear at the Tounhall within the City of Worcester upon Thursday next the fifth of this month by ten of the clock in the morning then and there to understand his Majesty's directions given by his letter under his signet to the said High Sheriff concerning the Voluntary aid and contribution of all his Majesty's loving subjects within this County towards his Majesty for the defence of his person, the Protestant religion, the laws of the land, and privileges of Parliament, whereof fail you not at your peril. Dated 2nd Jan. 1642. Your loving friend, Franc. Smith. If there be any whom you ought to summon, unable to appear you are to receive their willing aid to his Majesty and this service and to return it. There is no report of the meeting, but it does not appear to have been a success. Whether at the meeting or afterwards, a petition to Parliament was prepared ; unfortunately the date has been struck out, and a note is added in a different hand writing. "Mmd. This Petition was drawn but was not approved of by all."* The Petition is as follows : — p. 297. To the right honourable the Lords and Commons in Parliament assembled. The humble petition of the Knights, Gentlemen and Freeholders of the County of Worcester, Humbly Sheweth — It having been imputed as a fault in this County the not addressing themselves in a petitionary way to the honourable House of Parliament for the relief of such Grievances as other parts have complained of, we desire may not be misconstrued to be a neglect but rather an expression of our duties, that no ordinary pressures should make us become troublesome to your great Counsels. But such hath been our sufferings by that great Army raised by the * p. 298. ANNALS. 95 Contrivance of that Malignant party so often mentioned and complained of by his Majesty in his several declarations, and sent forth of London with those Attributes (for the defence of the Protestant Religion, the safety of his Majesty's person, the privileges of Parliament and the liberty of the subject) that we can no longer forbear to become humble Petitioners unto you in making known how Contrary the Conduct of that Army have been, to the ends which were pretended, the true Protestant religion by them abused, the book of Common prayer slighted, our Churches profaned, His Majesty fought against, and his person and children endangered, His subjects plundered at the will and pleasure of the soldiers, the Kingdom now miserably involved in a bloody and unnatural war which must inevitably produce to this Kingdom an Universal (sic), unless God in his great mercy give a speedy end to these unhappy distractions and our present sufferings And as p. 298. we are in all duty bound to acknowledge his Majesty's singular good ness to his people and care of their preservation by his gracious offers and messages to his Houses of Parliament before any blood was spilt or other miseries brought upon us, So not doubting of his Majesty's pious inclination to peace, when due and humble propositions shall be by you his great Council tendered to him, we must become humble suitors that you will be pleased to address yourselves in all humility to his Majesty with such propositions for an Accomadation of peace, as may effectually tend to the settlement of the Protestant Religion now professed amongst us, and such as may preserve His Majesty's Honour, safety, and just rights of his Crowns with a care to the Privileges of Parliament, the just liberty and property of the subject which we believe to be the only means to make the King glorious and Kingdom happy, by a blessed union between him and his House of Parliament, and these our humble desires we are petitioners that you will present them to his Majesty, and for your prosperous endeavours herein we shall bless God, And ever pray, etc. [Date obliterated.] The Epiphany Sessions for the county were held on the 1 8th January. The Grand Jury agreed that a sum of £3000 should be raised and paid monthly towards the payment of His Majesty's forces sent and raised for the defence of the county of Worcester. John Bacon was appointed collector and 96 ANNALS. directed to pay the money over to Sir William Russell, Sheriff of the county and Governor of Worcester. The following entry as to this is given by Townshend : — p. 299. An agreement of the great inquest made the last sessions for the county of Wigorn, for the raising of three thousand pound monthly, towards the payment of his Majesty's forces, sent and raised for defence of the said County and City of Worcester. Wigorn. SS. Ad generalem sessionem pacis Domini Regis tentum apud Wigorn pro Comitatu praedicto decimo die Januarii, Anno regni Domini Caroli nunc Regis Anglise etc. Decimo Octavo. Whereas the great Inquest at this present sessions, upon considera tion had of the King's Majesty's most gracious Letters, agreed that there should be raised forth of the County of Worcester, the sum of three thousand pounds of lawful English money a month, towards the payment of his Majesty's forces, sent and raised for the defence of the said county and the city of Worcester. The first payment to be for this present month of January, and the said sum or sums which should be raised, to be paid unto the several High Constables of the County of Worcester, and to be paid by them unto John Bacon, Gent., to be disposed of by Sir William Russell, Baronet, High Sheriff of the County of Worcester, and Governor of the said City, upon account to be given by him to the King's Majesty's Justices of the Peace of the County, and likewise to the said County, which first monthly payment shall be paid before the second day of February next coming, and so to continue, as long as Sir William Russell and the King's Majesty's Justices of the peace of the County of Worcester assembled at this present Sessions, should think fit. And that the same money should be assessed by four or more of the sufficient inhabitants of every parish or village in the said County of Worcester, according to the usual rates p. 300. of the payment within the said county. And that every person which should be so assessed, should be assessed for his lands and rents, where they lie, and that all persons of Ability should be assessed for their personal estate And likewise the Clergy, and all others that are owners of Impropriate Tithes, or any other Tithes whatsoever, should ANNALS. 97 be assessed towards the said payment from time to time, which said Agreement of the great Inquest, the Court doth very well approve, and doth order it accordingly. It is thereupon ordered That the Clerk of the peace should presently make out warrants to the several High Constables of the County of Worcester for the collecting of the same. 1642. Per Curiam. Steps were at once taken to raise the money. The Clerk of the Peace, Francis Walker, sent to each of the High Constables of the Hundreds directing each to raise the money in his Hundred and pay it over to Sir William Russell before the 2nd February. The sum was to be assessed by four or more of the most sufficient inhabitants of each parish. The Clergy and owners of tithes were to be assessed upon them. The Clerk of the Peace's letter was as follows : — p. 301. Wigorn. SS. To Edward Sheldon, Gent., one of the High Constables of the Hundred of Halfshire. Whereas the great inquest at this present Sessions upon con sideration had of the King's Majesty's gracious letters upon agreed that there should be raised out of the County of Worcester the sum of Three thousand pounds a month of lawful English money towards the payment of his Majesty's forces sent and raised for the defence of the said County and City of Worcester, the first payment to be paid for the present month of January, and the said sum or sums of money which shall be raised to be paid unto the several High Constables of the County of Worcester and to be paid by them unto John Bacon, gent., to be disposed of by Sir W Russell, Baronet, High Sheriff of the County of Worcester and governor of the City of Worcester upon Account to be given [unto] by him to the King's Majesty and likewise to the County of Worcester, the which first monthly payment should be paid before the second day of February next coming and so to continue as long as it should be thought fit by the said Sir Wm Russell and the King's Majesty's Justices of the peace of the County of Worcester assembled at this present sessions. And the same to be assessed by four or more of the most sufficient Inhabitants of every parish or village in the County of Worcester according to the usual rates of the payment o 98 ANNALS. within the County of Worcester, and that every person which should be so assessed for their personal estate, And likewise the Clergy and all others that are owners of impropriator tithes or any other tithes whatsoever should be assessed towards the said payment from time to time, which said agreement of the great Inquest the Court doth very well approve and doth order it accordingly. These are therefore to p. 302. will and require you to levy, collect and gather your proportionable parts of the said monthly payments within the division of your hundred according to the said order and to pay the sums unto the said John Bacon. And that the same money shall be assessed upon every parish in the same manner as the Assessment was made for the four hundred thousand pounds imposed upon the kingdom by Act of Parliament. And if you shall repair to the Commissioners of the several limits they will give you Instructions herein for the assessing thereof. Whereof fail you not at your peril. Dated at the general Sessions of the peace holden at Worcester for the County of Worcester aforesaid the tenth day of January in the eighteenth year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord Charles by the grace of God of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, etc. Pro Cur.Franc. Walker, Cler. pare. On receipt of this letter from the Clerk of the Peace the High Constable of each Hundred wrote to the different parish constables in his hundred ordering him to raise the parish quota of the £4000. P- 3°3- Wigorn. SS. To the Constable of Elmley Lovet and his Deputies. By virtue of an order made at the last general Sessions of the peace holden for this County upon consideration had of his Majesty's gracious letters for the raising out of this county the sum of ^3000 a month towards the payment of his Majesty's forces sent and raised for the defence of this County and City of Worcester, the first payment to be paid for this month of January and the same sums to be paid to the several High Constables of this County, and to be paid by them unto John Bacon, Gent., to be disposed of by Sir Wm Russell, Knight and Baronet, High Sheriff of this County, the first monthly payment to be paid before the second of February next, and the same to continue so long as should be thought fit by the said Sir W. Russell and the Justices of the peace ANNALS. 9$ there assembled. And the same to be assessed by 4 or more of the most sufficient Inhabitants of every parish according as the Assessment was made in this County for the ^400,000 imposed upon this Kingdom by Act of Parliament, And that every person should be assessed for his lands and rents where they lie, and all persons of ability for their personal estate, and likewise the Clergy And all owners of tithes and impropriators, These are therefore to will and require you presently to P- 3°4- nominate and give notice unto four or more of the sufficientest persons in your Constablewick forthwith to assess the sum of ten pounds eight shillings and 3d within your parish according to the said order, and forthwith to deliver such assessment unto you in writing, and that thereupon you presently collect and gather the said sum and make payment thereof unto me at the Townhall in the City of Worcester upon the first day of February next, And thereof fail you not at your perils. Dated this 17th of Jan. 1642. Francis Smith, High C. The sum Elmley Lovett was required to pay towards the £4000 was £10 8 s. ^d., and the assessment was as follows : — P- 3°5- Wigorn., Jan. 290, 1642. The assessment of all the owners' lands within the parish of Elmley Lovet and likewise those that have goods only for the payment of ^10 8s 3d imposed upon the parish for and towards the payment of ^3000 monthly on the Account, Hen. Townshend, Esqrc . Mrs Cicely Brace, wid. John Lench, Gent. . John Bourn, Gent. . John Acton, Gent. . Mr Edd Best, Rector de Elmley Ric. Wollaston, Cleric : . Mr Nath. Tomkyms, Clerk Anthony Acton, Gent, Tho. Tyrer, gent. Tho. Insoll John Burnard . Franc. Gittens . John Stower . Charles Bacon . £ s. d. 2 OO 00 0 08 00 0 10 00 0 12 00 0 °5 00 0 13 04 0 03 04 0 OI 06 0 02 06 01 OO 00 00 °3 04 00 04 00 00 02 00 00 °3 04 OO °3 00 100 ANNALS. John Kyndon . Fortune Manning, wid. John Hanbury . John Tupper . Lewis Palmer . p. 306. John Best, sen Anthony Best John Best, jun Eliz. Ince, wid John Ince Tho. Hanbury Willm Feild Joan Best Tho. Ballard John Smith Tho. Williams alias Scot Tho. Moule . Humph. Thatcher Joan Barnsley, wid Edm. Smith Charles Harwood John Pooler Edm. Ryall Tho. Cammell Tho. Burnell . Tho. Gardner . Tho. Burton pro bonis Franc. Webley Walter Perks . Will™ Male . Hugh Hale Franc. Hanbury Tho. Danks Humph. Cooke P- 3°7- Willm Hunt Philip Best John Pardo 00 03 04 00 01 08 00 00 10 00 °3 00 00 °3 04 00 °3 04 00 01 08 00 01 08 00 01 08 00 01 04 00 00 06 00 00 06 00 °3 00 00 00 10 00 05 00 00 04 00 00 06 09 00 02 06 00 01 °3 00 02 01 00 °5 00 00 01 04 00 06 10 00 03 08 00 00 10 00 00 10 00 00 10 00 00 10 00 00 10 00 00 10 00 00 10 00 00 10 00 00 10 00 1 6C 00 06 06 00 01 08 00 00 06 00 00 06 10 08 03 ANNALS. tOI With this letter was sent directions for making out the assessment. Several very important exceptions were made to the usual rule. The assessment was to be made on the value, not the quantity ; everyone was to be included, not merely the laity, but the Clergy. The tenant was to pay in the first instance and deduct the sum from his rent. It was only in this way the land lords who favoured the Parliament could be made to pay towards the cost of the King's forces. p. 307. Directions for Assessment. 1. You are to tax every person according to the rate and true value of the land, and not according to the yard land unless they be of an equal value, not in quantity but also in quality, and likewise that you tax every person, vicar and curate and Impropriator for the Tithes and glebe lands. 2. You are to tax every landlord for his land, not the under-tenant, and the tenant neither for his goods, unless he hath a surplusage of personal estate beside. 3. The tenant is to discharge the Assessment laid upon the land lord and to abate it out of his Rent. 4. No household servants are to be rated, and in your Assessments you are to go after the Act of ^400,000 in the general. 5. If Assessors make any indirect Assessment upon complaint made, the tax will fall upon their own heads. And — 6. If there be any difference upon any inequality of tax you are to repair to the next Commissioners for remedy. 7. In all Assessments the major part of the Assessors agreeing, the Assessment must so stand good. If Assessors neglect or refuse to make an Assessment upon notice given to them by the Constable or his officers, that the charge of all will fall upon the Assessors them selves, of whom the whole sum will be required, and if it be in the Constable, then upon him. The King appears to have been very pleased with the county's loyalty and their practical prompt way of shewing it. On the 20th January he wrote from Oxford to Sir William Russell the two following letters : — p. 302. Charles R. Trusty and well beloved we greet you well. We have seen with i02 ANNALS. very good contentement and do very well approve the agreement of the late great Inquest of our County of Worcester for the monthly pay ment of ^3000 towards the maintenance of our forces, which is so lively an expression of the true zeal and loyal affection to us and our service of the Gentry and other our good subjects inhabitants of that our County, as we must return you and them all due and hearty thanks, which in our name we hereby require you to give unto them and to assure them we most graciously accept and embrace the same, And forasmuch as it sorts very seasonably with our occasions, especially such as con cern the securing of our County, we therefore command you forth with with the advice of the justices of our said County to put the said agreement in execution in such manner as may be most effectual for our service and your own defence. Given at our Court at Oxford the 20th day of January in the xviii yeare of our reign 1642. To our trusty and well beloved Sir William Russell, Baronet, High Sheriff of Wigorn. p. 300. Charles R. Trusty and well beloved we greet you well. We have seen with very good contentment and do very well approve the agreement of the late granted Inquest of our County of Worcester for the monthly payment of ^3000 towards the maintenance of our forces, which is so lively an expression of the true zeal and loyal affection to us and our service of the Gentry and others our good subjects, inhabiting in that our County as we must return you and them all due and hearty thanks, which in our name we hereby require you to give unto them and to assure them we most graciously accept and embrace the same. And forasmuch as it sorts very seasonably with several of our occasions especially such as concern the securing of that our County, we therefore command you forthwith with the advice of our said Justices of our said County to put the said agreement into execution in such manner as may be most effectual for our service and your own defence. Given at our Court at Oxford the xxth day of January in the xviiia year of our reign 1642. To our trusty and well beloved Sir William Russell, Bart., High Sheriff of the County of Worcester. In addition to the monthly contribution towards the King's general necessities, it was necessary to raise monies to meet certain special expenses. For instance, Sir Thomas Aston commanded a regiment which was ordered in January 1643 to march through ANNALS. 103 Worcestershire ; on their way they reached Kidderminster, where they stayed — it does not appear how long, but in their stay they incurred charges amounting to ^28 8*. 2d., and this sum the inhabitants of Kidderminster had to raise and pay under the following order : — p. 325, in another hand. A Warrant of Assistance for the quartering of Sir Thomas Aston's Regiment. Charles R. Whereas we have present and urgent occasions for the necessary defence of our person, Crown and dignity and for the preservation of the Protestant Religion, the laws of the land and liberty of the subject (being all invaded by rebellious schismatics) to draw unto us supplies both of Horse and foot, And by the practice of such Confederates are deprived of our own means, whereby to defray the necessary Charge attending such forces upon their marches, And to that purpose have authorized our trusty and well-beloved Servant Sir Thomas Aston, Baronet, with Commission for conducting and raising several forces for our service We do hereby require and charge you and every of you that upon sight hereof you be aiding and assisting to him the said Sir Thomas Aston and to all persons commanding under him or employed by him for the quarter ing, Billeting and providing Necessaries for the lodging, diet and Accomo dation of all such forces both of Horse and foot, as shall be by him raised or under his Command in pursuance of the authority by us given, both in the raising of them, and in the Conduct of them to our Army, Hereby authorizing you to give assurance to all such persons to P- 3*6. whom the said Sir Thomas Aston or his next Officer in Cheif then appointed shall give Tickets under his hand for payment of any sums of money for necessary provisions for the quarter of such forces, We shall carefully and truly see discharged as soon as God shall enable us. Herein we require your utmost diligence as you will answer the con trary. And for so doing this shall be your warrant. Given at our Court at Oxford the 20th day of January 1642. To all Mayors, Sheriffs, Justices of the peace, Bailiffs, High and petty Constables and all others our officers and loving subjects whom these shall or may concern. Charge at Kidderminster upon the bill comes to j^xxviij viij8 ijd. IO4 ANNALS. As the levy on the parishes produced some money, though not so much as was hoped, the soldiers became clamorous for their pay. The King accordingly, to pacify the claimants, issued the following orders as to pay on the 5th March 1643 :— p. 329. Charles R. You shall upon Conference with the Governors and Officers of our Garrisons and view of their Musters conclude what sums of money are to be raised for the support, and weekly payment of their garrison, and thereupon you shall take such order for the equal and constant pay ment of the same, as you shall in your discretion think most fit, that our good subjects may be as little pressed as is possible, and our Garri sons so supplied, that our soldiers through want be not compelled, or have no excuse for infringing our Commands and you shall take the same course regularly, and orderly, to raise the ^3000 monthly promised the County to us, and such other sums as from time to time shall be agreed upon, towards the maintenance of our Army, which was appointed to be in proportion equally divided to Sir James Hamilton's Regiment of Horse and Dragoons, and Colonel Sandys' Regiment of foot. You shall appoint several Collectors and Receavers to Collect and receive the money by you appointed to be paid by the County and to pay the same to the Governor or other Officers of the Garrison at the times appointed. You shall summon and call together the gentlemen, Clergy and substantial freeholders and Inhabitants of that our County at such times and places as you shall think most convenient and you shall move them in our name to assist us with the loans of such sums of money as are agreeable to their affections and abilities, more especially you shall call before you such persons who have continued to foment this unnatural bloody dissension by contributing in money, plate, horses, or Armes to the persons in Rebellion against us, from such persons we expect a liberal supply, whereby we may be satisfied that their former errors proceeded rather from weakness than from malice, And all such P- 33°- Sums of money as shall be gathered, or received by loan or otherwise (except the monthly contribution for the maintenance of our Garrison ANNALS. 105 there) shall be paid to our high Sheriff who shall forthwith convey the same to us. If any soldier shall misbehave himself contrary to our proclamation and to the prejudice of any of our good subjects then Complaint shall be made, and Information shall be given to the Governor or other superior officers, and if a due reformation be not made upon significa tion from our said Commissioners, we shall see justice done, not only upon the soldiers, but Officers, and reparation to be made to the party justly grieved. You shall cause all seditious preachers and such other turbulent persons whose stubbornness and perverseness may in your opinion have an ill influence upon the peace of the County to be apprehended^ kept in safe custody, that our service may receive no prejudice by them. You shall meet every Saturday at Worcester, and as often as you shall think fit and shall then agree to have such other meetings in other places as you shall think necessary for the service. You shall use your best endeavours to discover and find out any arms of any sort in the hands of persons disaffected or such who ought not to have Arms, and you shall cause them to be seized for our use and brought into our Magazine of our Garrison, and you shall cause all the Arms of the Trained bands, who have voluntarily carried their Arms to Gloucester, Warwick, or any place now in Rebellion against us and there left them, at their peril to provide the Arms they are charged with, and bring them into our said Magazine from whence no Arms shall be delivered but upon warrant and by Indenture. P- 33*- You shall give direction that all public monies due in the County either upon the bill of the ^400,000 or otherwise by any act of Par liament or such money as remains in the hands of any Collectors for Ship money, Coat and Conduct money, or the like be forthwith paid to the hands of our High Sheriff to be disposed as we shall direct, a note and account of which monies as the same shall be paid shall be entered into your Registry and a copy thereof sent to us. You shall return the names of all such persons within that our County who are in actual Rebellion against us or adhere to those that are with a Certificate of their quality and value of their estates, that we may give such further direction concerning them as shall be thought necessary. If any person within that our County who have either actually joined in, or otherwise assisted this unnatural Rebellion against us, 106 ANNALS. shall apply themselves to you with any expression of their repentance and their inclinations to our future service, you shall certify the names of such persons with your opinion of them, that we may shew such grace and favour to them as may become a gracious and merciful prince. You shall assign Colonel Sandys such quarters for his Regiment of Horse as you shall think most convenient, he paying for what he takes, and that he may be enabled so to do, you shall supply him out of those public monies of the County over and above the three thousand pounds monthly contribution, as you in your discretion shall think fit to defray that Charge. As also, out of those monies you shall have power to dispose of so much as will suffice for the casting and making of ordnance for providing such store of arms as you shall think necessary for our service and the safety of the Country, together with powder, powder mills and match. P- 33*- Lastly in all things else that may conduce to the peace of our County or advantage of our service you shall be careful to give us such information as we may take further resolution and give you such further directions as there shall be Cause. Given at our Court at Oxford this fifth day of March under our sign manual 1642. It was not only money that the King wanted, ammunition was also required, so the Worcester garrison were ordered to make a supply of gunpowder as speedily as possible. This is one of the things that Dud Dudley claimed to have done. Charles R. Trusty and well beloved, we greet you well. Whereas by our late Instructions to you, we directed you amongst other things to provide for the making of Gunpowder and Powder mills out of the public monies of that County over and above the ^3000 Monthly Contribution to be levied by agreement in our said County towards the payment of our forces there for the defence of the same and of our City of Worcester, There appearing to us a great and present Necessity of advancing the said work. Our will and pleasure is, that you forthwith cause one or more Powder mills to be erected in some convenient place, and therewith endeavour the speedy making of as great a quantity of Gunpowder as possibly you can, for our present service. And to defray the charge thereof out of the monies aforesaid. And our will and pleasure is, that Annals. 107 you use all possible Diligence in the present quartering, arming, and setting forth of Colonel Sandys his Regiment, and also in assisting and arming of all the other forces already levied or to be levied in that our County, which we shall look upon as a most useful and most acceptable service to us. Given at our Court at Oxford the Eighth day of March 1642. The next thing the Worcester Commissioners were required to supply was horses. The King ordered them to furnish by way of loan 100 horses within twenty days. P- 333- Charles R. Trusty and well beloved, we greet you well. We being for our own necessary defence and preservation, as likewise for the defence and security of our good subjects, the protestant religion and the laws of the land enforced to keep several Armies in pay, at our great and excessive charge. And if it shall not please God shortly to put an happy period to these distractions We must again draw into the field and by force of arms endeavour (by God's assistance) to recover our just rights and the liberties of the people, Cannot therefore but expect your cheerful and willing assistance in what may conduce unto those ends. And seeing against that time, We shall have occasion to employ great numbers of able Horses for the draught of our Artillery and Ammunition, We desire you forthwith from us and in our name, to treat with several Inhabitants of that our County of Worcester to furnish us by way of loan (as it hath been practised in our Northern parts) with the number of one hundred able horses, furnished, with strong and good harness fit for draught, to be ready in such place, and such a certain day, as we shall hereafter direct. And that in the Interim you give all such persons as shall be ready, and subscribe to furnish us assurance of the restitution of such horses, or the true worth of them, the particulars of the full number subscribed, and the value of each horse. We or our Council of War expect to receive from you, within twenty days after the date hereof, that so we may give further order touching their disposal. And that our desire herein may be the more readily conformed. Our further pleasure is, that you signify to all such persons, as shall furnish us as aforesaid, that upon the delivery of their horses, each of them shall receive our Royal protection for the preservation of their goods and Estates together with our thanks for so acceptable service thereby done unto us. So we bid you farewell. From our Court at Oxford this eighth of March 1642. 108 ANNALS. While the King and his advisers were mainly engaged in getting money, the Parliament were teaching the county the true meaning of civil war. Gloucester was a Parliament stronghold with a large garrison, and had what was more important, a man who became one of the best leaders of forays in the war, Edward Massey, who devoted his whole time and attention to inter cepting men and supplies coming from Wales for the use of the King's forces. From Gloucester, Massey made the south west border of the county a most unpleasant place ; his constant raids and his constant forays did more to convert the county west of the Severn to the Parliament than all professions of loyalty. It was felt Massey must be stopped, so to do this a new Com mission was issued on the 16th March appointing 23 persons a committee to take all proper steps to secure the county. The Commission is as follows : — p. 327. Charles by the grace of God king of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, defender of the faith, etc. To our trusty and well beloved Sir William Russell, High Sheriff of our County of Worcester and governor of our City of Worcester, Baronet, Sir John Pakington and Sir Edward Sebright Baronets, Sir Ralph Clare knight of the Bath, Sir John Rouse, Sir Henry Spiller, Sir Rowland Berkeley and Sir John Winford knights, Samuel Sandys, Edward Pitt, Thomas Savage, Sherington Talbot, John Keite, Edward Dingley, Francis Finch, Henry Townsend, Edward Vernon, Thomas Childe, Joseph Welsh and William Jeffreys EsqreS, James Littleton Doctor of law, Henry Ingraham and Martin Sandys Esqres, greeting. Whereas Robert Earl of Essex and others his adherents have actually and rebelliously levied war against us within this our kingdom of England, whereby we have been enforced to raise an army likewise for our own just defence, and the defence of the true protestant Religion, the laws of the land and the right and liberties of our good subjects, which Rebellion hath been so great an Influence upon that our County of Worcester, that some seditious persons have had the power, not only to disturb the peace of that our County by com pelling the Inhabitants thereof to submit to Illegal and Arbitrary Taxes and Commands, but to gather Multuous [sic] of Armed men in a Rebellious manner to insult, imprison, and rob our good subjects and to continue ANNALS. 169 in a body. In so much that we have been compelled to send consider able part of our Army into that County to disperse and scatter those mutinous and traiterous people. So that we are compelled for the peace and security of our good subjects of that County to keep several Garrisons there for the maintenance whereof our well affected Subjects there well knowing how unable we are of ourselves to undergo so great an expense have gratefully and dutifully resolved to raise a present sum of money for our extraordinary supply. And likewise to provide for a weekly contribution for the support of our said Garrisons. But by reason the said resolution is not disgessed [sic] into any form and order for the equal and constant collection of the same, our Garrisons are both disappointed of their subsistence, and our subjects more grievously pressed upon too. p. 328. We have thought fit therefore to settle a Council of certain persons of Honour and worth of that our County, who together with the principal Commanders of our Garrisons by this our Commission and according to such instructions as ye shall herewith give unto them from time to time may take unto their Consideration and by their advice put in execution such things as may best conduce to our service in those parts for the safe guarding of the same from violence of the Rebels and their adherents for the equal assessing and orderly levying such sums of money as either are or shall be thought fit to be raised for the main tenance and support of the said Garrisons, and for appointing Receivers for the same and duly paying the several proportions which shall be so allotted to our several Garrisons, and for the borrowing, receiving, disposing and ordering of such monies, plate, Armes and Ammunition as our good subjects there shall willingly give or lend unto us in these times of necessity and for the preventing of all inconveniences which might happen unto us, or our Army or our good subjects for whom our care is, and ever shall be equal with that which concerns our own per son and Children. Know you therefore that we reposing special trust and confidence in your approved wisdoms, fidelity and experience have nominated, ordained and appointed, and by these presents do nominate, ordain and appoint you to be our Commissioners for the purposes and services aforesaid. Willing and requiring you, or any four or more of you, Whereof Sir William Russell, Baronet, High Sheriff of our County of Wigorn and Governor of our City of Worcester, Sir John Pakington, Sir Ralph Clare, Sir Rowland Berkeley, Sir Henry Spiller, Sam. Sandys, Ed. Pitt, Francis Smith or Hen. Townsend to be always one to meet and Assemble together from time to time, and to order, determine and settle all matters concerning the premises as there shall be occasion, 110 ANNALS. First in the Chamber of the Town hall in our City of Worcester, and after at such place and places as you shall think fit in that our County, or as we shall under our hand direct and assign. And to take notes and Remembrances of your Councils and consultations in writing from time to time, and to put your resolutions into due execution, or thereof to give us information from time to time, as you shall see a Cause, that thereupon we may give such further order touching the same as we shall think fittest. In witness whereof we have caused these our Letters to be made patent. Witness ourselves at Oxford the sixteenth dav of March in the eighteenth year of our Reign. (Willis.)* Charles and his advisers were still crying out for more money, the £3000 a month which the county raised being wholly insufficient. On the nth April 1643 the matter came up again at the Easter Sessions. Bacon the collector reported to the Court that the ,£3000 a month was for the most part unsatisfied. It was moved that the ^3000 a month be continued for another three months and until a further order be made at the next Sessions, and to this the Grand Jury agreed. But the effect of Massey's raids was felt, for the Grand Jury presented that the outmost parts of the county that were nearest to the danger might be speedily secured by troops of horse and other necessary assistance, and that they might be freed from giving free quarters, hay, or provender without money. They were also desirous that Sir William Russell should account to the Commissioners for the defence of the county how he had spent the money he had received. The presentment is thus given by Townshend : — P- 337- Wigorn. SS. The presentment of the Great Inquest at the General Sessions of the peace held for the County of Worcester upon the 11th day of April 1643. Whereas at the last General Sessions of the peace held for the County aforesaid, It was agreed by the then Grand Jury, that the sum of ^3000 should be raised and paid monthly towards the payment of his * This is struck through. ANNALS. 1 1 1 Majesty's Horses sent and raised for the defence of this County of Worcester, which monies for the most part is yet unsatisfied, as appeareth by a note in writing produced unto us by John Bacon, Gent., Collector appointed by the then Grand Jury, to receive the same, and to pay it over to Sir William Russell, Baronet, High Sheriff of the County aforesaid and Governor of the City of Worcester, as by order made at the Sessions appeareth. And whereas at this present sessions, Motion was made in open Court for the continuance of the payment of ^3000 a month for a longer time. Thereupon we of the Grand Jury taking it into our Consideration do think fit the same should still be paid according to the said order for three months longer and until further Order be taken therein at the next general Sessions of the peace, by the Justices of the peace and Commissioners for the County. And further we of the Grand Jury do desire, that the utmost parts of the County which lie nearest unto danger, may speedily be secured by Troops of horses, and other necessary assistance, And that we may be freed from giving free quarter, hay or provender without money. And that in assessing of the said ^3000 the same shall be assessed according to the taxing of the four hundred thousand pounds by Act of Parliament, and according to the order of the last Sessions. And we also do desire that Sir William Russell may forthwith give an account to the Com missioners for the defence of the County, how he hath disbursed the Money by him received according to the former order, and his Majesty's Instructions. P- 338- And whereas it was ordered by the Right Honourable Arthur Lord Capel and the Council of War that the 5^300 and what other money was heretofore formerly collected or due for horses, Coat and conduct money in this County, and with the putting out of which money Sir Walter Devereux, Sir William Russell and Sir John Rouse were entrusted for the County, which is now due to the County by Bond from Thomas Hill, purveyor, shall together with the Interest thereof owing, he forthwith pay to Colonel Samuel Sandys, towards the payment of his several Billets and debts of his Regiment and the maintenance of his soldiers. And that the said Sir Walter Devereux, Sir William Russell and Sir John Rouse be and stand thereof utterly discharged as by order produced to us appeareth, which said order we approve of, and do desire the same may at this Sessions be so ordered, and that the Clerks of the peace shall deliver up Mr Hill's Bond upon payment of the money unto Colonel Sandys. All which we leave to the Con sideration of his Majesty's Commissioners appointed for the safety of 112 ANNALS. the County of Worcester. And we likewise think fit that Mr Kimberley shall have fifteen shillings out of the five pounds which is in his hands. The names of the Grand Jury. Tho. Saunders John Darby Robert Mence Sam. Randall Tho. Cartwright Pil. Kimberley John Brettell Wil. Grove Tho. Bloxam Tho. Dangerfield Will. Denn. Fran. Wythe Robert Savage Will. Doughty With one or two exceptions, such as Grove, Savage, Brettell, the names of the Grand Jurors are even less known than are the names of an ordinary Sessions Grand Jury. This may be accounted for in one of two ways : either the people who were selected by the Sheriff were known Royalists, or the persons selected were friends and neighbours of the Sheriff, Sir William Russell, and would not be inclined to go too closely into his accounts. There seems to have been some reason for complaint. The £3000 a month was raised to £4000 and 2d. in the £ added on. To shew how this was felt by the county Townshend gives the assessments not merely for Halfshire, but for the whole of the Hundreds in the county. P- A31- The assessment of the Hundred of Halfshire to the monthly con tribution of ^4000 per mensem with 2d. in the £ on — Bromsgrove division — Bromsgrove . King's Norton Feckenham and Horn DroitwichElmbridgeDodderhill and Wychbold Tardebigg, Redditch and Benthley Norfield .... £ 5. d. 85 00 IO 85 OO IO 7i OO °3 62 07 06 J3 09 04 27 OI 06 ob, % 52 06 10 ob. 28 °5 01 ob, ANNALS. U3 Cofton .... Salwarpe Upton Warren and Cooksey Hampton Lovet Doverdale Hadsor Kinton .... Church lench Part of Crowle Grafton E. of Salop p. 432. Kidderminster after the rate of ^4000 pound added. Kidderminster Borough . Kidderminster Foreign Chaddesley Corbett BelbroughtonOldswinford and Stourbridge Stone and Dunelent Overmitton Elmley Lovet Dudley . Cradley . Worley . Ludley . Frankley Hagley . PedmoreChurchill KingfordRushock 07 00 09 ob. 21 19 01 ob. 18 07 07 14 12 OO 05 09 04 05 17 02 ob. °5 17 080b. 02 06 02 ob. 07 °3 09^ IO 00 OO 5*3 06 040b. per mensem with 2d in the 42 08 OI 49 06 06 42 II 08 38 08 OO 25 14 08 10 18 II 03 II 06 H 12 04 H 09 04 °5 OI 07 ob °5 OI 07 ob 02 18 05 ob IO 03 11 ob 12 OI 02 °5 16 10 ob 02 °3 01 04 °5 01 ob IO OI 06 300 1 1 05 Under the old assessment of £3000 a month the figures for the two Hundreds of Halfshire and Dodingtree were as follows : — P- 433- The Assessment of the Hundred of Halfshire for the third month's Contribution. April 22, 1643. Q 114 ANNALS. 64 7 6 64 7 6 53 J3 10 38 13 9 3° 12 8 39 10 0 26 l3 10 16 J3 4 13 18 00 1 1 02 10 05 0 00 °5 0 0 07 0 0 °3 0 0 07 5 0 8 0 0 Bromsgrove division. Bromsgrove Kings Norton Feckenham et Home . Droitwich .... f Wychbold and Dodderhill . CElmbridge .... Tardebigg, Redditch and Bently /Northfield .... v. Cofton .... Salwarp .... Upton Warren and Cooksey Hampton Lovet . Doverdale .... Hadsor .... Kynton .... Church Lench part of Crowle Grafton E. of Shrewsbury . P- 434- 401. 4 month. 5Z. moref . ^27 18 00 11 8 o 15 o o II o o Kidderminster Division. £32 31 4 4 Kidderminster Borough Kidderminster Foreign 32 7 Chaddesley Corbett . 29 7 Belbroughton . 19 10 Oldswinford &. Stourbridge 11 o o Stone and Dunelent . Overmitton ..... Elmley Lovet ..... Dudley ...... {Cradley [Worley, et Ludley]J . Worley ...... Ludley ...... £ s. d. 62 IO 0 62 0 0 5i 13 4 45* J3 4 19 12 8 9 16 0 38 10 10 20 13 4 5 3 4 15 18 4 J3 6 8 IO 10 0 3 17 6 4 2 8 4 2 8 1 II 8 5 3 4 10 00 00 389 15 8 217 02 01 £ s. d. 31 °3 6 36 07 4 3° 15 6 27 18 6 18 14 00 07 15 11 02 12 OO 10 08 03 10 08 03 °3 12 IO 03 12 IO 02 01 07 * This figure has been altered it appears into a 4. f Two figures are struck out and undecipherable; it looks as £2 with " £$ more.1 J Struck out. ANNALS. tiS 7 05 6 Frankley . Hagley 500 Pedmore . 4 month. 600/ Churchill . £1 raised more. (.Kingford . 800 Rushock . £zi,l 2 1 199 00 07* 211 03 8* 07 05 05 08 06 03 04 03 02 01 11 02 03 01 07 07 05 06 217 P- 435- Doddingtree Hundred. April 22nd, 1643. £315 charge. A note of the towns of Oyer and what they pay towards the monthly contribution for his Majesty's service and the safety of the Country. Which Hundred goeth all by Towns of Oyer and a Con stable for a Town of Oyer. 1. Abberley which is divided into four parts. 1. Abberley and payeth . . . . . . ^10 08 04 242 542 2. Redmarley and Shelsley Beauchamp . . . 10 08 04 3. The two Lyndons . . . . . . . 10 08 04 395 6 18 10 4. Alton and Bayton, whereof Alton payeth one part and Bayton two 10 08 04 41 '3 4 Shrawley town of Oyer is divided into 3 parts. 1. Shrawley 13 I7 °9 2. Astley 20 16 08 3. Doddenham 06 19 00 41 13 04 Mamble is divided into 6 Hamlets. 13 17 10 1. Mamble and 2 Hamlets 1 6 19 o P° l6 °8 2. Moor and Conniswick, 1 Hamlet .... J * Erased. n6 AnnalI 396 396 3. Sned and Ribbesford, 1 Hamlet . . 5 11 o 6 19 o 4. Holland in Stildon and Stockton, 2 Hamletts • 20 16 08 41 13 04 Whereof Stockton payeth for a Hamlet and the fifth part of a Hamlet with Holland and Stildon. The town of Bewdley without division . P- 436- Suckley town of Eyre . SuckleyCotheridge . Acton Beauchamp £41 13 04 £ s. d. 41 13 04 20 16 8 10 08 4 10 08 4 Martley MartleyAreley Kings Shelseley 4i 13 4 27 15 8 09 05 2 04 12 6 Clifton cum Membris 41 13 04 Tenbury Tenbury Berrington . Sutton Sturmey Boccleton , 41 13 04 16 13 10 05 06 06 05 15 IO 13 17 °5 Eastham EasthamStanfordOrleton and Hanley William Hanley Child . Kyre Wyard „ Parva 41 13 04 12 02 08 08 14 o 07 16 6 03 09 6 06 01 9 03 09 6 ANNALS. il7 The figures for Blakenhurst and Pershore Hundreds are next given, but it does not appear if for the £3000 or £4000 per month. P- 437- Blackenhurst Hundred to the 3 months' Contribution in John Banning's division. ^380. £ s. To the kin g's d. provisior . Bretforton 14 14 0 2 1 4 Badsey and Aldington 14 06 2 2 0 4 Offenham 10 03 4 t 11 4 North and Mid. Littleton 20 03 8 2 17 0 Church Honeybourne and Poden 20 03 8 2 ll 0 South Littleton .... 09 03 4 I 07 0 Wickhamford .... 11 05 10 I 14 0 IOO OO OO H 08 0 To the Monthly Contribution. £ s. d. Mr Hunt's division . . 150 6 4 Evesham and Bengeworth . . a • 49 6 1 1 Abbotsmorton and Ablench ... 08 16 2 Sheriff Lench . 04 03 5 Hampton Magna et parva . . 10 12 09 Lenchwick and Norton ... !3 °3 10 Ombersley and Holborough . 64 07 °3 p. 438. 15° IO 4 1626. Pershore Hundred to the Monthly Contribution pays and Blackenhurst Hundred a 3rd part of the County, and subdivided, Blackenhurst pays 1 part and Pershore 3 parts in all payments. And when the King's provision* be ^300 Pershore pays £7$ as followeth, and so the like in all payments more or less. Walcot cum membris .... Broadway ...... Comberton magna et parva et Brickleton . Upton Snodsbury and Broughton Hackett Grafton Flyford and Flyford Flavell . Eckington and Wollashall 3 3 33 monthly 9 9 contribution . 31 17 06 31 17 06 3 0 0 20 OO OO 22 14 10 4 7 ob. 27 03 04 20 12 06 2 16 00 25 OO OO Wick and Pensham 2 06 1 ob. 23 01 05 * In the margin is £37$. 1 18 Aldermarston . » ktiKA LS. . 2 05 60 22 16 00 Beoley .... • a 05 OO 22 10 00 Pershore town . 2 03 1 ob. 21 11 03 Birlingham and Nafford 1 11 10 ob. 15 18 09 Strensham 1 05 00 12 10 00 Pirton 1 00 7 ob. 10 06 03 Naunton Beauchamp . 0 18 9 09 07 06 Pinvin , 0 18 9 09 07 06 DefFord . 0 18 9 09 07 06 Besford . 0 18 9 09 07 06 Dormston 0 18 9 Peopleton 0 15 0 07 10 00 North Piddle . 0 15 0 07 10 00 Abberton 0 15 0 07 10 00 Martin Hussingtree . 0 11 3 05 12 06 37 10 o 350 10 ob. P- 439- Mr Hichcok's division Powick .... Leigh and Mathon . Yardley .... Longdon and Chaceley Eldersfield Bushley, Poole and Queenhill Castle Morton Severn Stoke . Malvern magna and Madresfield, Newland Hanley Castle . f Stanton v. Birtsmorton . ' °^ D f J* . 3 08 9 44 08 01 • 5 °° 00 60 00 00 ¦ 3 i5 0 38 10 00 • 3 °7 6 34 07 00 • 3 15 00 31 00 00 2 13 09 26 17 00 • 3 13 ?9 26 17 00 2 10 00 31 00 00 1 3 08 09 34 15 °° 2 17 06 28 00 00 1 10 1 10 00 00 30 00 00 37 10 00 375 14 00 p. 440. M» Nicholls. Oswaldslow Hundred. ^400. 23 o 8 11 10 4 1 10 4 Wick Episcopi cum membris, Wichenford and Broadwas . 46 01 04 17 8 6 Knighton and Lindridge . . . . . . 34 17 00 Claines . . . . . . . . . . 30 04 02 857857 16 11 2 Norton, Stoulton and Kempsey cum membris . . . 33 02 04 ANNALS. U9 Wolverley 22 ot 06 Hartlebury 30 04 02 8 12 3 12 o 6 8 12 03 461 Holt, Hallow, Grimley and Witley parva . 498 498 498 Spetchley, Cudley, White Ladies Aston, Churchill and Bredicot ......... Battenhall, Whittington, Sidbury 32 10 4 584 584 .584 Ripple, Earl's Croome, Croome Dabitot, Hill Croome . 920 4 11 o 16 6 o 10 18 o Welland, Malvern parva, Berrow, Pendock, Holdfast and 6 16 o Estington ........ Redmarley Dabitot . 16 15 06 19 100 5 18 6 5 18 6 Upton super Sabrinam, S4 Michael, St John's in Bed- wardine 31 07 00 33 IO °7 13 09 10 13 09 00 48 15 04 47 13 °° p. 441. ^400 Oswaldslow division of Mr Trimmell. Inkberrow cum membris Stock et Bradley Huddington et part of Crowle Bredon cum membris Overbury cum membris . Alvechurch Stoke Prior . HanburyRous Lench and Hoblench ThrockmortonBishampton . HimbletonTibberton Harvington 12 16 12 16 680 Fladbury, Hill moor and Wyre Piddle Elmley Castle .... Sedgberrow ..... Cropthorn 2 10 o 4 10 o 3 10 o Oddingley, Wairdon, Hindlip . . 48 00 OO . 06 IO OO • 07 15 04 . 52 OO OO . 44 IO OO . 30 IO 08 20 05 04 . 48 OO OO . 09 04 00 11 IO OO . o9 12 OO . 09 06 08 . 08 OO OO IO OO OO • 32 OO OO . 09 05 04 . 09 OI 04 . 24 OO OO IO IO OO 120 ANNALS. p. 442. Mr Chapman's Oswaldslow division. ^200. [100 to the Gaol house of Correction and maimed soldiers paid 29th Sept. 1660.]* Blockleyf Paxford . Cleeve, Icomb, Cutsden Aston Magna DitchfordDraycottEvenlodeDaylesford Treddington Home. Tredington and Tidmington ShipstonDarlingscott . ArmscottNewbold ^100. At the end of March Massey's superior officer, Waller, " William the Conqueror," came to Gloucester. He defeated the Welsh at Highnam, but was defeated by Maurice at Ripple. As soon as Maurice moved away, Waller again sallied out from Gloucester. On the 25th April 1643 he carried Hereford by assault. It was an unpleasant surprise to the Royalists. Waller is said to have made all the county people come in and take the following oath : — p. 310. Memorandum, at the taking of the City of Hereford Sir William Waller called in the County to take the oath as followeth : — I, A. B., do swear in the presence of Almighty God that I will defend with my life and estate the King's Majesty's person and both Houses of Parliament now sitting at Westminster and to the utmost of my power maintain and assist the army raised by the authority of both houses, under the Command of the Earl of Essex and will to the hazard * This in a different hand from the rest. ¦(¦ 01 08 00 is struck out ; no figures are put in for these parishes. ANNALS. 121 of my life and fortunes oppose all forces raised or to be raised without the consent of both houses of parliament. So help me God.* What Waller had done to Hereford he now threatened to do to Worcester. Sir William Russell became alarmed, and at the request of the Commission of Array determined to call out the posse comitatus. He therefore, as Sheriff, wrote to the High Constables of the different Hundreds in the county directing them to issue warrants to the Parish Constables to order all men between 16 and 60 to attend on Pitchcroft with such arms as they had or could provide to suppress the rebellion. Townshend gives the following account : — p. 311. Mem. upon consideration taken by the Commissioners for the safety of the County and justices of the peace upon the taking of the town of Hereford [5 ?] April last by Sir W. Waller and the parliamentary forces and also in respect of the daily plunderings that the forces do within this county, and also expectance of his approach with all his forces, Sir W. Russell, High Sheriff, sent forth his warrants as followeth. Wigorn. SS. Willm Russell, Baronet, High Sheriff of the said County, to Francis Smith, gent., one of the High Constables of the Hundred of Halfshire. Whereas there is information given that there have of late many unlawful and rebellious forces and riotous assemblies been made and are like to continue or rather increase in some parts of the County tending much to the disturbance of the peace thereof, and to the spoiling of his Majesty's good subjects and their estates therein and that certain of the justices of the peace and others his Majesty's Commissioners for preserving the peace of this County taking it into their serious con sideration have thought fit to raise the power of the County according to law for suppressing such assemblies, and have directed me as Sheriff to issue forth warrants to that purpose. These are therefore to will and require you, and in his Majesty's name straitly to charge and command you by the Assistance of the Petty Constables within your division to summon and bring in upon Tuesday next being the second of May next * Another copy of this oath is given on p. 482 of the MS. It is there headed : — " The form of the oath which Sir W. Waller commands to be taken in Hereford shire after his taking of Hereford city by surrender, copied out May 7, 1643." R 122 ANNALS. to the great Meadow called Pitchcroft near the City of Worcester all P- 312>- persons Whatsoever within your division above the age of sixteen years and under the age of three score' years and able to travel, with such arms or weapons as they have or can provide to join with me and the rest of the justices and Commissioners for securing of this County for suppressing of such notorious Assemblies and Rebellious Forces, whereof they may not fail upon pain of imprisonment, fine and ransome according to the Statute in that case provided, And hereof fail not upon peril of the strictest punishment the law can inflict. Dated at Worcester, this 29th day of April 1643. To the Constable of Elmley Will. Russell. Lovet. I charge you in his Majesty's name to execute your office according to the Warrant above written. Francis Smith. P- 3*3- To all Constables, Petty Constables and all other his Majesty's loving subjects within the County of Worcester. Forasmuch as there are a multitude of armed men come within this County of Worcester and against the City of Worcester, this 29th day to the great disturbance of this County and the hazard of the Joss of the said City from their loyalty and obedience These are to command you suddenly upon the receipt hereof and with all haste to summon all persons within 16 and 60 years of age to repair with all such arms and weapons as they have to the City of Worcester to help, assist and defend the said City and County from all opposition whatsoever. And that every person bring with him three days' provision at the least. And hereof fail you not at your perils. Dated this 28th day of May 1643. Sam. Sandys. To the Constable of Elmley Lovet. Wigorn. SS. By virtue of a Warrant to me lately directed from Sir William Russell, High Sheriff of this County, These are in his Majesty's name to charge you that forthwith you provide within your parish one load of Hay, one quarter of Oats, six cheeses, and six loaves of bread and two bushels of Meal, and bring and deliver the same at the Foregate of the relief of his Majesty's garrison within the City of Worcester And if ANNALS. 123 you perform not your office herein you must expect to be dealt withal as one disaffected to his Majesty's Cause and the safety of the City and County. Dated this 30th of May 1643. Fra: Smith, High Constable. It was no false alarm ; as Waller had served Hereford so he intended to serve Worcester. The next entry gives an account of his attack on Worcester on the 29th June 1643. P- 3*4- Sir William Waller with about 3000 foot and horse of the parliament forces came with eight pieces of Ordnance before the City of Worcester (which holds for the King) upon Monday morning by six of the clock being the 29th day of June 1643 and besieged the same, and shot at it, But the Citizens therein and Colonels Samuel aud Martin Sandys with the rest of the Soldiery did so well defend the same, and the * Caunonier in chief with his Cannon from the City together with the Musketeers who all proved good firemen that after 16 hours shooting on both sides which lasted until ten of the clock at night, Sir W. Waller with the loss of some 5 or 6 Captains beside his Commander-in-chief and Sir R. Cocks with 160 soldiers at least slain, beside one barge of maimed Soldiers carried down to Gloucester, did retreat about one of the clock on Tuesday morning towards Tewkesbury. There being lost of the City side 2 men only and 3 women. The City spent that day's service 1 1 barrels of powder and shot 201 great shot ; M1' W. Berkeley's house at Dinglas [Diglis] near the Castle Hill was enforced to be fired by reason the enemy did by it annoy the City, and so likewise the Friary. And whereas there were many material things which were to be done and now by experience found most necessary it was thought fit by the Governor and Commissioners that all the trees, hedges, mounds and fences which might any manner prejudice the City and help and p. 316. succour the Assailants or enemies and likewise all Houses or buildings be immediately plucked down and levelled, To effect which the ordinary sort of women out of every ward within the City joined in companies and with colours and drums, striking up with spades, shovels and mattocks did begin to work upon Tuesday last being the 30th day of June who were to the number of 400 on a day going in a warlike manner like * Blank in MS. 1 44 ANNALS, Soldiers, and did so behave themselves therein in slighting all such fortifi cations as were left by the Earl of Essex at his being here, and throwing down of ditches that by their own Industry and free service (in imita tion of the She Citizens of London) as they within one week will perfect the levelling of the same *, which was done the rather by them, by reason some of them were killed in the siege (though casually) and also to ease the soldiers, who being weary of the late hot service desiring some rest, and to prevent Sir W. Waller's approach near, if he should return suddenly against them. The Governor of the City, Sir W. Russell, was at Oxford when the City was beleaguered, and did not return into the City until Tuesday night. Sir W. Waller to induce the citizens unto him there were scat tered abroad the streets some papers to the effect as followeth. p. 316. 29th May. To all Gentlemen and other Inhabitants within the City of Worcester. As many of you as are sensible of the dangers of your Religion, your persons and goods, and the privileges of your Corporation, Are desired to declare yourselves sensible of them at this opportunity, it being my Errand, by the help of God, to rescue them from the oppres sion of your present Governors, And I promise that all such as shall appear willingly to welcome my endeavours shall be not only received to free quarter, but protected to the utmost of my power. William Waller. Upon the departure of Sir W. Waller some troops of Horse went out of the City and took some scattering in the rear to the number of eight, who have confessed, and so have some of their false brethren, that there were many Citizens and likewise Country men in the army that did assist them and did name them in particular, for the assuring of which the Governor sent to attach the persons. So ended Waller's attack on Worcester. It revealed two things : (1) How unprepared the city was if suddenly attacked. Waller had every chance of taking it, and it was only by good luck that he was repulsed. (2) How little the citizens of the faithful city could be trusted when it came to fighting. What took * Blank in MS. ANNALS. Iij place in 1643 was only a foretaste of what took place in 1646. It was impossible to rely upon them. Neither could the garrison be relied on. It was brought to the King's notice that the pay of the Worcester garrison was in arrear and that they would not fight unless they received it, so on the 15th June 1643 the King, who was then at Oxford, issued the following order : — P- 334} m another hand. Charles R. Trusty and well beloved we greet you well. Whereas we have received information from Worcester that our soldiers for want of pay both horse and foot are many times in great disorders and dis content and for that cause some of them go abroad and commit great spoil and robbery of the goods of many of our good subjects contrary to the law and to our proclamation formerly set forth, And thus by the negligence of our high and petty Constables in their several divisions for not collecting the monthly contribution agreed to be paid for the support of our armies in those parts : These are therefore to require you, three or two of you constantly one day in every week to meet in every hundred within that our County And to summon before you the high and petty Constables of that hundred And weekly to take from them an account of their proceedings and diligence in collecting the said money and to give them directions in what shall be wanting for their better performance of this service. And that you inflict some punish ment upon the offenders in this kind as you in your discretion shall think most meet. And further that once every month you certify your proceedings herein to one of our Secretaries, that further order may be P- 335- taken for that service if need require. Given at our Court at Oxford this 15th day 0f June 1643. Colonel . Lieut. Col. Sergeant Major Capt. Lieut. Military officers' pay per diem for foot. Old pay. new pay. 200 00 07 06 1 10 o 00 07 06 150 00 07 06 o 15 o 00 07 06 o 04 o 00 04 OO 126 ANNALS. Ancient . . . 0 03 0 OO 03 OO Serjeant . . 0 01 6 OO OI 06 Corporal . 0 01 0 OO OI 0 Com. Drummer . 0 OI OO OO OI OO Drum Major . . 0 OI 06 OO OI 06 260 Gent. of Arms 0 OI 06 OO OI 06 Common Soldier per week 0 04 OO OO 04 OO Horses allowed to Officers of Horse to be ready for service and their new pay. per diem 3- fCol. . Capt. Lieut. Cornet Quartermaster Corporals . Trumpeter . Chirugeon . Smith To every Common Trooper per week. 16 . 10s . 6d per w. per officer 12 6 4 3 2 3 1 1 1 00 15 00 OO 15 00 00 IO 00 OO 08 00 OO 05 00 00 °3 00 00 02 06 OO 02 06 OO 02 06 OO 12 00 03 15 After Waller's retreat from Worcester in May he established his head-quarters at Bristol. He was ordered to advance and, if possible, crush the Royalists under Lord Hertford, then march towards Oxford, join Essex, and with their joint armies advance on Oxford and so put an end to the war. In pursuance of this plan Waller began his advance ; he fought a battle at Lansdowne, after which Hertford fell back towards Oxford. Waller followed and occupied Devizes ; here he was attacked and routed by Wilmot at the battle of Roundaway Down. This caused the surrender of Bristol, and Gloucester was now the only important place on the line of the Severn that was held for the Parliament, so the Royalists laid siege to Gloucester on the 5th September. Essex raised the siege, and with his army was ANNALS. 127 supposed to be about to follow the King into Worcestershire. At this point the MS. takes up the story. p. 316. The Earl of Essex and his Army came to Upton upon Severn on Monday 1 itt of September. His Majesty and his Army lay at Evesham and Pershore 12th of September. Both stayed until Saturday morning following, the Earl first going his way ; by which the City of Worcester was freed from any assault of him. There were 700 Soldiers of the prince Charles' Live guard sent thither by Command to defend the City, our own Country soldiers Horse and foot being in his Majesty's Army. The Counties in the Vale side and so upon the River were miserably vexed more by the spoil the Soldiers made, than by the meat the Army consumed. The King issued the following order to the Commissioners of Array to buy provisions to support his army : — P- 3*7- Charles R. Trusty and well beloved we greet you well. Whereas we are advanced into these parts with our Army to defend this County against the Army of the Rebels ready to enter into it and destroy it. And whereas we have reason to expect all cheerful and possible assistance from those for whose assistance and defence we are personally present, Our will and pleasure is And we do hereby charge and command you that you send forth immediately your warrants into all parts of this County (The Vale of Evesham only excepted which we reserve for our own quarter And to whom we have ordered that directions be given by warrants from our Commissary of the Victuals to our Army) Com manding them to bring in such a proportion of Bread and Cheese as that the whole may not fail to amount to the value of 50 lbs. in bread and 50 lbs. in cheese by the day. And you are to take care to distribute your warrants and to consider the sums you appoint to be paid by, And the abilities of the several Towns, Hamlets, villages, parishes, Hundreds or other divisions whatsoever, that as much as may be the burden may be equally borne by them, And you are to appoint this Bread and Cheese aforesaid to be brought immediately either to our City of Worcester, or to our magazine in the Townhall of our Borough of Evesham, According as shall be most convenient in respect of the 128 ANNALS. situation of those places which are to bring in the same to be from thence conveyed to our Camp wheresoever it shall be. And we do hereby command and authorize you to take up by your warrant all such Carts and Teams of Horses and Oxen as shall be necessary for our service in conveying the same to our Camp as aforesaid. p. 318. And we signify unto you That we repose so much confidence in your care and diligence herein, That we have given order to the Commissary of the Victualls for our Army to send forth no warrants for any provisions into this County (except only in the Vale of Evesham as aforesaid) And you are to signify to the County that we will take care that they be duly paid for their provisions out of the Estates of such delinquents in this County as by assisting this present Rebellion hath brought this burden upon this County. Our will and pleasure is That you set a strict watch upon all passages and bridges in this County And that you command them to seize all such straggling soldiers of our Army as they shall meet with and cause them to be sent unto our Camp the better to prevent all such disorders as may be com mitted by them to the prejudice of the County. And that such soldiers as have already committed such disorders and intend to quit our Army to avoid due punishment may be punished as they deserve. Herein fail you not as you tender our service. Given at our Camp at Hihtonhill the 12th of September 1643. To our trusty and well beloved our Commissioners for our County of Worcester. Mem. According to his Majesty's letters, the Commissioners met and consulted and agreed that the High Constables in their several limits should apportion it according to the payment of the monthly contribu tion, But for that his Majesty did on the Saturday after remove away his Army to meet the Earl of Essex and to get between him and London, the warrants were stayed. Charles followed Essex in his retreat to London and tried to cut him off; in this he was partly successful. This led to the first battle of Newbury. As to paying his men, Charles required the county and city of Worcester to advance him £7000. This proposal raised fresh difficulties. ANNALS. 129 P- 319. Forasmuch as his Majesty lying at Evesham within this County did desire by Sir John Culpepper the loan of ^7000 whereof ^4000 to be raised out of the City and ^"3000 out of the County to pay one week's pay for his foot soldiers. To which the City gave answer that it was too vast a sum in respect of decay of trade of clothing, the weekly burdens and taxes laid on the Inhabitants for making fortifications and scouring the ditches, etc., they could not satisfy his Majesty's full desires yet would endeavour to raise if they could possible a^2ooo and so taxed every Ward. The Commissioners on the behalf of the County alledged that so great a pressure have fallen upon the County of ^3000 per mensum to maintain a garrison of Horse and foot for 6 months last past, That cattle and provisions are dead and no sale thereof. That there hath been many extraordinary taxes in carrying of Ammunition to Oxford, free quarter of soldiers, and providing of Ammunition, that they cannot lay any general tax upon the County, But they would endeavour to think of some particular persons who were reputed moneyed men heretofore, and others that were able to lend money, of whom they would see what may be raised to make a gross sum, Whereupon letters were sent to divers to attend the said Sir John Culpepper and the Com missioners. In the Interim a new letter came from his Majesty from his camp as followeth. p. 320. Charles R. Trusty and well beloved we greet you well. Whereas we have formerly directed several of our letters to divers of our subjects of good ability in that our County, desiring from them the loan of certain sums of money for the urgent Necessity of our Army, and whereas that necessity increasing upon us We lately sent our right trusty and well beloved Councillor Sir John Culpepper K', Master of the Rolls, and our trusty and well beloved servant John Ashburnham EsqTe to our City of Worcester giving them power to treat with and give such security as should be sufficient to them, or any others within that our County for such sums as they should agree upon ; And all our letters directed to you to assist them therein by your good Endeavours and Example. And whereas there upon and to that end warrants were issued to those persons to whom our letters were formerly directed, and to diverse others of quality and ability in that our County to appear before them and before you upon the 19th and 20th of September. So it is that at this time by reason of some present necessity of their service we cannot spare the S 130 ANNALS. attendance of the said Sir John Culpepper and John Ashburnham, And therefore our will and pleasure is and we do hereby command and authorize you or any three of you at the time and place before appointed, That you treat with the persons to whom our letters were formerly directed, and to demand from them the loan of such sums of money, as we formerly expressed to them in those our letters, And likewise that you treat with any other persons of ability then appearing before p. 321. you or whom you shall think fit to call and summon for the loan of such sums, as you shall conceive them able to send unto usj And that you represent at the full unto them the great wants of our Army and the Absolute Necessity that the same be supplied, as also that all persons who are any ways able and would be believed to be well affected to us and our service do according to their duty and Allegiance contri bute to that supply, That you represent unto them the vast sums the Rebels impose upon all persons within their power, and the Horrid and Rigorous Courses they use to force the same to be paid unto them, And that the sums now desired from them are for the necessary support of our Army raised to defend our good subjects from such their Tyran nical and Arbitrary power. And we do hereby give you full power and Authority to offer unto them and agree with them upon such sufficient security either of any of our Lands in that or the Adjacent Counties, or any other security Real and personal for the sums they shall furnish us withal as to you shall seem meet and equal. And we likewise Authorize you, that if you shall find any of the persons to whom our letters were formerly directed not to be able to furnish us with so great a sum as is therein desired, That then you accept from them the loan of such sums as you conceive it to be in their p. 322. power to spare unto us. And use your uttermost endeavours that the same and all other sums then lent unto us to be paid unto you, and by you conveyed unto us with all possible speed. But in case either they or any other shall refuse to lend unto us upon sufficient security in so pressing a time such sums as you shall conceive them able to spare for the support of our Army and defence of our Crown, We then hereby require you to command them from us and in our name to attend us personally either at our Camp or City of Oxford, That we may at our best leisure examine and enquire into the true grounds of this their refusal. Herein we expect your uttermost diligence, And for so doing ANNALS. Ijl this shall be to you and every of you a sufficient warrant. Given at our Camp at Farringdon the 8th of September 1643. To the Commissioners for the County of Worcester, Mem. — According to the effect of this letter Many persons of Ability appeared, and did lend his Majesty such Competent sums as they could spare. And also no manner of money by Gift was accepted but only by loan, though offered. Neither any man much pressed to more than was very reasonably conceived he could spare. The need of money pressed heavily on the Royalists. They had failed at Newbury for want of ammunition, and this money could alone procure. Looking round on every side to see from whence money could be obtained, it was recalled that the Grand Jury of Worcestershire in their presentment at the Easter Quarter Sessions, 1643, had agreed to renew the monthly pay ment of £3000 a month to the King, but had required that " Sir William Russell might forthwith give an account to the Commissioners for the defence of the county how he had disbursed the money by him received according to the former order and His Majesty's instructions."* It was possible that one of the reasons of the county's unwillingness to lend might be that this inquiry had not been carried out ; at all events it was now determined to go on with it. On the 20th October 1643 the County Commissioners brought the following specific charges against Sir William Russell : — P- 349- Oct 20th. The Commissioners charge against Sir William Russell to his Majesty. 1. We conceive he hath dealt unfaithfully with his Majesty and the Country in his Accounts. 2. In taking away and delivering the arms of the County to furnish Sir James Hamilton contrary to his Majesty's proclamation. * See ante, p. 96. i$l ANNALS. 3.1 The falseness of his late musters, and the not sending 406 armed men to my Lord Capel lately according to my Lord's order and his promise though we gave them a week's pay for the march which money we borrowed. 4.2 In plundering and oppressing of many of his Majesty's faithful subjects. 5-s In passing by others which are conceived delinquents. 6.4 For deserting the town of Worcester, when he knew of Sir William Waller's approach. P- 35°- 7.5 The committing sundry of his Majesty's good subjects to prison upon pretence of being persons disaffected to his Majesty, and detaining there without giving any particular charge, until they were enforced for their liberty to compound. 8.6 In collecting part of the Contribution money, and refusing to give an account. 9.7 That he hath lately endeavoured to set his soldiers upon the Commissioners about their pay in a mutinous manner. io.8 The slighting of the Commissioners' orders, And seldom coming amongst us, but when he had some particular business of his own. ii.9 His neglect of the fortifications, though the Garrison hath cost the Country £20,000. I2.9 His oppression of the country in their carriages keeping them 20 days together, and then returned them home without any service performed. 13. 10 That the great Arrears (which hath been the occasion of the disbanding of many of the soldiers) grew by Sir William Russell's neglect of gathering the Contribution money for the first four months, wherein he lost in Arrear of £6,000 at least. In the margin opposite each article of charge are given the names of the persons who will prove them. These are printed in the following footnotes in italic : — 1 Col. Sandys, Sir Jo. Pakington, Sir John Ments. 2 Mr. W. Langston, Mr. Hanford, Rick. Inett, Tenants of Abberley, Tenant of Egginton. 3 Sir W. Devereux, Mr. Samson the Clerk, Capt. Washbourne's letter. * Mr. John Hughes. 6 Townsmen of Bewdley. 6 ut patet. 7 George Yardley, Rich. Davies. 8 Vide 19th April order, igth Sept. for collecting of monies. 9 ut patet. 10 Vide igth April order to send a party of horse, ut patet by the book of account. ANNALS. 133 P- 35*- 14.1 In returning recusants of the Grand Jury at summer sessions, And in bringing to the last Sessions the Roll of the Grand Jury demanding of the Justices there, what exceptions they could take against any person returned. 15.8 His procuring a Certificate from the Chamber of Worcester privately, which the greatest part of his Majesty's most loyal subjects and soldiers of the garrison there did protest against under their hands by petition to his Majesty. sThat Sir W. Russell did persuade my Lord Coventry to make his peace with the parliament. Sir William Russell replied to these charges by bringing counter-charges against individual Commissioners. p. 352, blank. P- 353- Sir W. Russell's charge against Sir Ralph Clare, Col. Sandys, by way of recrimination presented to his Majesty. 1 ob. That Sir Ralph Clare being about Easter term 1642 received into his Majesty's favour, was shortly after made a Deputy Lieutenant for the Militia. Sol. That Sir Ralph Clare never took out any Commission to execute the Militia, and conceives it can be no crime to have been made a Deputy lieutenant against his will. Mem. That Sir William Russell in the original did read that Sir R. Clare did take out a Commission for the Militia and not only was made a Deputy Lieutenant. Ob. 2. That being nominated a Commissioner for the Array never appeared upon the service, albeit he was in the County and took notice of it. Sol. That he came not into the County until some few days before the last meeting of the Commissioners of Array, and then found the business so disturbed and so declining that he thought his presence for one day would not rectify it. Ob. 3. That he never lent any money as others well affected have done for the advancing of his Majesty's service. In the margin : — 1 Mr. Badger, Mr. Barnes, Mr. Gower. ' Vide petition. 3 Query Mr. Dormer, Mr. Rogers, Mr. Lynne. 134 ANNALS, P- 354- Sol. That his fortune never enabled him to serve his Majesty with any loans of money. And when Sir William Russell did advise him to subscribe for the encouragement and example [of] others, he told him withal, that it would never be expected he should pay it. Ob. 4. That he caused one William Browne to be apprehended for this cause only, that he discovered Delinquents, and persons disaffected to the king. Sol. That he never caused William Browne to be apprehended much less for the cause suggested. Ob. 5. That he opposed the payment of Sir John Beaumont's Regiment, who by his Majesty's Command were to receive their pay out of the monthly contribution whereby one half of this Regiment was lost. Sol.1 That the opposing of the payment of Sir John Beaumont's Regiment was no more his act than the rest of the Commissioners as appears by the orders made therein, though Sir John Beaumont's men received a fortnight's pay, when Colonel Sandys' soldiers were 3 weeks' pay behmd at a time. Ob. 6. That Colonel Sandys being commanded by his Majesty's letters to march away from Worcester with his horse; and to leave his foot there for the guarding of the Town, did march away both with his P- 355- horse and foot. And about one of the Clock at night before his remove he caused 2 pieces of Cannon to be shot off, one whereof was turned towards the Governor's house beside some muskets more dis charged, to the amazement of the town and Country. Sol. That Colonel Sandys conceives the accusation against him properly to a Council of War, where he will be ready to make his defence, and charge Sir William Russell too. Ob. 7. That to the disturbance of those Regiments, which by his Majesty's Command were to be raised by Sir William Russell, Colonel Sandys contrary to his Majesty's orders for him to march in Sir William Vavasor's Brigade, did stay behind with his Regiment in Worcestershire. Sol. That Colonel Sandys received orders from my Lord Capel In the margin : — 1 Vide orders 28 July. Letter 1st July to Sec. Nicholas, and 22nd July Sir W. Russell present. ANNALS. J35 for the stay of his Regiment of Horse in the Country in the presence of Sir William Russell himself. Ob. 8.1 That to the prejudice of his Majesty's service Sir Ralph Clare, Colonel Sandys and others have ordered that no contribution shall be paid without warrant under the hands of six of the Commis sioners, whereas by the Order of Sessions and his Majesty's express Order, thereupon their contribution was to be paid to the hands of the said Sir William Russell by reason whereof no contribution hath been paid for three months last past. P- 356. Sol. 8. That neither Sir Ralph Clare nor Colonel Sandys nor any other Commissioners did make any order, that the Contribution should not be paid without warrant under the hands of six Commissioners. Neither do they conceive by his Majesty's Instructions that the contri butions ought to be paid to Sir William Russell, or that any order they have made hath been an hindrance for the paying in of the contribution. Ob. 9. That there being in arrear of above £12,000 of monthly con tributions due from the County, and his Majesty having given command, and the Grand Jury petitioning that Sir William Russell's Regiment might be paid out of those arrears, Sir Ralph Clare did oppose the paying of those Regiments as before he withstood the payment of Sir John Beaumond's Regiment, whereby the Regiment had disbanded, but that Sir William Russell had maintained them at his own charges.* Sol. That Sir Ralph Clare with the consent of the Commissioners and justices of the peace at last sessions did think fit only to defer the paying of Sir W. Russell's Regiment until they presented their reasons to his Majesty as by our letters dated to his Majesty 11th Oct, appears. P- 357- Ob. to. That when his Majesty had ordered 400 of Sir William Russell's foot to march speedily to Shrewsbury for the Assistance of the Lord Capel, and that the Commissioners out of the Arrears should pay both the Officers and Soldiers of the Regiment Sir Ralph Clare and In the margin : — 1 Vide order igth Sept. * There seems to have been some difficulty in answering this charge. The two fol lowing reasons are given and struck out, and the one in the text inserted :— 'Sol. That Sir Ralph Clare and the rest of the Commissioners did meet at the appointed day being time enough to obey His Majesty's commands and my Lord Capel's orders for the marching of Sir William Russell's soldiers. Sol That Sir Ralph Clare with the consent of the Commissioners did meet at their appointed day. I36 ANNALS. the rest of the Commissioners would not meet after 2 days' notice, neither would they allow payment to the Officers, nor but one week's pay to the 400 soldiers that went, and nothing to the rest who stayed in garrison. Sol.1 That Sir Ralph Clare and the rest of the Commissioners did meet at the appointed day, being time enough to obey his Majesty's commands And my Lord Capel's Orders for the marching of Sir William Russell's soldiers. And gave upon Wednesday to Sir William a full week's pay for 400 soldiers, to enable them to march the next morning, though they were enforced to borrow the same, but the soldiers marched not until Friday and there were by muster 155. Ob. 11. That Sir William Russell in pursuit of his Majesty's directions having sent to Bewdley for materials of stone and timber to make Drawbridges at Worcester for Defence of the City, The engineer and workmen and viz. M1' Pratley and others were beaten by Colonel Sandys' soldiers, and the materials taken from them whereby the Draw bridges are not yet made, which otherwise had been finished before this time. Sol. Of this we never heard any complaint before and therefore can make no answer. P- 358. Ob. 12. That his Majesty's Commission having issued out for the discovering of Delinquents' estates, and being sat upon and diverse considerable sums of money thereby found out to accrue to his Majesty, Sir Ralph Clare hath forbidden diverse to appear thereupon whereby the service is hindered and his Majesty therein prejudiced. Sol. That Sir Ralph Clare never forbad any to appear before the Commissioners for Delinquency, but some having brought unto him pieces of paper without any name subscribed, he told them he did not take those papers for a sufficient warrant. Upon the whole matter we humbly conceive that this is rather a charge of malice than truth, principally directed against Sir Ralph Clare, of whose fidelity, Industry and diligence in his Majesty's service throughout the whole progress of this Commission we have had great experience. And we have just cause to resent it much, that he should therefore be the more traduced, because we have laid the greatest burden of the service upon him. In the margin : — 1 Vide order nth Oct. ANNALS. 137 Most of the charges against Sir William Russell had been completely answered, but one thing was abundantly clear, that he and the Commissioners did not and could not agree, so the Commissioners went on with their investigation of his accounts and referred them to an auditor, who gave the following certificate : — P- 342- Exceptions against Sir William Russell's Accounts. 1. There is no Controlment upon any the several sums of money with which the said Sir William Russell chargeth himself in his said account. So as the whole Charge is but his own voluntary confession. 2. In his account there are diverse great sums of money paid to Commanders, Officers and soldiers and neither the particular Officers named nor the number of soldiers under every Captain's Command set down ; nor the rates which either the Commanders, Officers or Soldiers were to have nor for what time they are to be paid. 3. Sir William Russell produces no warrant for any monies paid by him in his said account. 4. He shews no acquittances for most part of the several sums of money paid by him upon this account. For which causes under your honours' favours I conceive there can be no legal Account made thereof without your honours shall be pleased to give further directions therein. William Gwinne, Auditor. ix November 1643. These exceptions were probably correct. A Cavalier gentleman, especially one who combined the office of Sheriff of the county of Worcester and Governor of the city, was very unlikely to keep accurate accounts. Before anything further was done, Charles thought it right to intervene, and sent the following letter : — P- 3A3- A Copy of his Majesty's letters to some Gentlemen for the examination of Sir William Russell's Accounts, etc., to Sir Ralph Clare, Ed. Pitt, Hen. Townshend, Joseph Welsh and Franc. Finch, esquires. After our hearty Commendations. We have herewith sent you four books presented to us by Sir William Russell as his Accounts of T 13^ ANNALS. Receipts and disbursements for his Majesty's service within that County. We desire you with the assistance of such others whose help you think necessary to examine the said Accounts and to certify us your opinion thereof. And to that purpose we think it fitting that you make very particular inquiry how the Contributions agreed to be levied upon that County hath been received from the first Agreements and by whom, and what Arrears are now still remaining due and from what places and persons the same are due, that speedy care may be taken (which we know his Majesty expects at your hands and the other Commissioners) for the Collection thereof. We desire likewise to know what numbers of foot and horse are now belonging to the two Regiments of the said Sir William Russell and what their numbers have at any time been and how they since came to be lessened, and what other forces of horse, foot or dragoons have been raised at any time by him, and how they have been paid with all such other particulars both of his receipts and disbursements, as you think necessary in your discretions for his Majesty's service, in which we desire as particular distinction as can be made of monies paid for levies and advances and monies disbursed for the payment of the soldiers, And Sir William Russell having promised his Regiment, and to march from the City of Worcester within a fortnight, we are commanded by his Majesty to desire you to dispatch the business of his account, and to certify us within the same time, Sir William Russell himself having undertaken that you shall want nothing that on his part is to be performed to that end. And so we bid you heartily farewell. Oxford, 23th Nov. 1643. The accounts, which were very complicated, were included in the following summary : — p. 344. A breviate of the Accounts of Sir William Russell Baronet late High Sheriff of the County of Worcester and Governor of the City of Worcester cast up according to his book of receipts and disbursements beginning the tenth day of December anno xviiith Regis Caroli 1642 and ending the xviith of October anno Dom : Reg : Carol : 1643 being three quarters of one whole year and xxxvii days, namely With monies lent by the Gentry and The said others of the County of Worcester from the tenth day of December 1642 ^31,018 ixd Annals. 139 The said Sir William Russell chargeth him self with the receipt of the several sums of money within men tioned. P- 345- Receipts. p. 346. until the xvtb day of May 1643 for the defence of the said County. 10th With monies by him received of the contribution of ^3000 per mensem for the maintenance of the Garrison at Worcester from the first of February 1642 until the xvth of May following, viz., for the month of January ^2343 10s id, For the month of February ^2055 17s 7d, For the month of March ^1361 o8 od, For the month of April ^54 Is 2d, in all ^5813 xviij* vd With monies received from the City of Worcester of that which was ^288 13 4 rated by the Earl of Essex and left unpaid. With monies received from the Clergy of the Diocese of Worcester towards the raising of a troop of £210 horse of Serjeant Major Carr in Sir James Hamilton's Regiment. With monies taken from delinquents in Gloucestershire and Warwickshire . £267 Sum total . . £\ 2,592 6 2 ob. With monies received from the In habitants of Tewkesbury for the pay ment of his Majesty's forces for the time they remained there . . . ^460 With monies owing for wood, malt, Iron by several persons . . . ^109 With money by him received of Mr John Bacon for payment of his Regi ment of horse and foot . 3^1325 vij ij ob. With money received from delin quents within the County of Wor cester ...... •s£'494 6s With money received from the Citi zens of Worcester .... £$% I4O ANNALS. To Colonel Hastings' soldiers with £3° I5° PaY> t0 ^ir Andrew Knyne- ton's quarter master . . . £227 19 9 To Colonel Owen to pay his soldiers ^300 To the Lord Chandos and his soldiers ^273 6 10 To Sir Francis Wortley and his soldiers ^53^ J5 To Colonel Sandys his Regiment of foot from the tenth of December 1642 until the xvth of May 1643 with ^100 for his horse Regiment . ^3137 15 6 To Sir James Hamilton, knight, and to several Captains and soldiers within his Regiment . . . ^5437 12s p. 347. To Sergeant Major Carr being the money given by the Clergy of the Diocese of Worcester for the raising £293 his Regiment with ^23 paid him by this account out of his own monies. To Colonel Beamond's Soldiers ^154 16 The said Accountant To the Commanders, Officers and desireth Allowance of Soldiers of Sir Wm Russell's own the several sums of Regiment [^603 obliterated] for money within by him Armes 653 Is 6d . . . ^495 165* paid, viz. To Prince Maurice with ^138 — paid to Sergeant major general Wood house for the Prince's life guard . . . ^338 To the Lord Grandison's Regi ment ..... ^'29 19s 6d To Edward Scarlett Canoneer for the City of Worcester, and to mutrosses and others belonging to the Artillery .... ^68 2s nd To William Richardson for making salt petre ^152 * Then has been written and struck out: Sum tot. £15907 2 6. ANNALS. t4l P- 348. To William Baber, Jane Baber and James Powell, powder makers . -^55 1 1 5 To several persons for Ammunition casting and boring of Cannon, for making of Carriages, To guides, scouts, messengers, intelligencers and other disbursements for his Majesty's ser vice 798 18 2 ^15,901 2 6 And so the said Sir William Russell by his own account hath disbursed more than he hath received . ^3338 15" 3d Sir William Russell was very desirous that the accounts should be fully gone into, and asked that the persons who had investigated the charges should also investigate the accounts. This was done, and the following certificate given : — P- 359- Mem. Sir W. Russell desired us who are to examine his Accounts to make a Certificate what and how far we have gone in the same now at his going away from the Country, which we did as followeth. At the desire of Sir William Russell, Governor of Worcester, we do certify that we have examined four books of Accounts to us sent by the Lord Treasurer and the Chancellor of the Exchequer containing his receipts and disbursements as he is Governor there being a book ol Receipts the first from the tenth of December 1642 till the 15th of May 1643 and the other from the same 15th of May 1643 to the vith ot October 1643 anc* tne °ther 2 books of disbursements being of the same dates. In the examination whereof we have spent 3 weeks and do find all his disbursements to be manifested by acquittance or attestation viva voce and for ought yet hath been made appear no more money hath been received by Sir William than what he hath confessed in his receipts mentioned in the same books and it appears by the same disbursements that there is more disbursed than received by ^3305 183 4^. But now some of the Commissioners do allege they will speedily send us some exceptions to the said accounts but what they are we Tcnow not neither are there any yet eome in. Franc. Finch. Dec. 9tk, 1643. Joseph Walsh. Hen. Tewnshend. l\l ANNALS. This certificate did not by any means settle the matter. The Commissioners took various subjects to the accounts, and sent in the following paper : — P- 365- The Exceptions of the Commissioners against Sir William Russell's two books of Receipts and two of disbursements. In the first book of Receipts. Sir William Russell in his first book of Receipts given in, did not express the receipt of ^50 from Mr Turvey, but upon examination of the said book, he hath now inserted the said sum, and accounted for the same. We are not satisfied with the expression of ^500 from D. C. without naming of the person, in respect it is possible a greater sum may be received, than acknowledged. That in or about Lent last Capt. Francis Blunt sent by Sir William Russell with a party of horse, received money in Pershore Hundred, and in part of Oswaldslow Hundred towards Oldbury cum membris which was never brought in nor accounted for (viz.) from Mr Parsons, M1' Sutton and others to a great sum. Mr Walter Sergeant, Major Carr's quartermaster, received in Dod- dingtree Hundred and thereabouts from Clifton upon Teme and other places ^20, and from Martley and place [s] adjacent great sums whereof he paid in but ^5. That about the same time Mr Watkins, Captain Walsh's Cornet, received in the Hundred of Doddingtree and the parts adjacent great sums of money which he never accounted for. That there was paid by the Constable of Birchmorton to the Sheriff when the party of horse came to their parish ^13 128 o6d which is not acknowledged.p. 366. That no party of horse sent out by Sir William Russell to collect anv monies of the monthly contribution did pay in any monies to the Receiver Mr Bacon, Except £$ by Mr Walker, or made any account thereof as upon examination the said M1' Bacon affirmeth. We are able to justify by sufficient witness1 that Sir William Russell hath received of Robt. Bartlett of Castle Morton Esq1'6 ^60 and John Horniold Esq" an a^ioo more, both sums being lent or given for his Majesty's service. In the margin : — 1 W. Brand. ANNALS. I43 In his first book of disbursements. Whereas he gives an account of the paying of My Lord Chandos, Sir Francis Wortley, Sir James Hamilton and others great sums of money, We find that he hath left many of their quarters undischarged to the utter undoing of the poorer sort of innkeepers and victuallers, at Wor cester and other places who did discharge the same. Whereas the Clergy gave ^293 to raise a troop of horse Sir William Russell paid the same to Sergeant Major Cave, who never mustered horse at all for the service of the County. AU the Captains of horse mustering 40 men were by Sir William Russell paid ^50 per week, and when the said Captains made a full p. 367. muster of 70 men were paid at ^72 the week all dragooners mounted at the rate of io3 6d the week and unmounted at the rate of vi shillings the week which particular pay is of the Troopers, do so far exceed the pay of his Majesty's army, or that allowed to Colonel Sandys, that the sums disbursed might very near have supported the double number of soldiers. Sir William Russell setteth down paid to Capt. Coft for 42 horse for 20 weeks, according to a rate agreed with him after ^50 the week ^1000, which is after the rate of 24s a week for a trooper. The like he allotted to Capt. Walsh, and Capt. Blunt, on their first musters for one fortnight. Whereas Sir William Russell layeth down ^504 7s 6d paid to Sergeant Major Henderson, for 40 mounted dragooners and 30 unmounted, at 30s the week for 13 weeks, Sir William Russell hath overpaid him £114 at that rate. And whereas he seemeth to excuse it, as an allowance to him given, for defraying his charge, in being deputy Governor of Tewkesbury, the acquittance will testify the contrary, as received by him for his company of Dragoons. Sir William Russell accounteth as paid to Sir James Hamilton's Troop of Dragoons being 70, whereof 20 mounted and 50 unmounted at ^30 the week, which is more by £4 10s the week than their full pay comes to (viz.) io8 6d for 20 mounted, and 68 for unmounted men.1 P- 368. Sir William Russell accounteth full pay for Sir James Hamilton's Regiment of horse and dragoons, during the time of their attendance of his highness Prince Maurice in the forest of Dean, although they had their In the margin : — 1 £72 to be discounted. 144 ANNALS. free quarters and were out of the County 3 weeks. The pay of which time would come by the week for his Regiment, being on muster roll 322 horse according to his allowance ^338 per week. And for his Regi ment of Dragoons being 370 in pay £161 163 6d a week which amounts to ^499 i6a 6d the week in whole, by which there ought to be discounted for the month absent ^1487 16s 0611.1 Sir William Russell hath likewise drawn out of the County by virtue of his warrant, great store of hay, oats and straw for the provision of his Regiment, and prince Maurice's quarters which remain as yet unsatisfied, and hath also received of corn, hay and other commodities, to a great value, from several delinquents, and out of Malvern, Kempsey, Martley and other places not discharged nor accounted for at all, yet he accounteth to have sent to Prince Maurice's quarters £34 15s for hay. Sir William Russell hath not put down what number of ordnance and quantity of powder and match hath been made at the charge of the public stock, though he hath laid down great disbursements for the same. p. 369. £ (Viz.) To Mr Richardson for making salt petre To the powder makers ...... To the Match makers and for tinder .... And since the i8t of May to the 23rd of October there hath been paid for making salt petre . For making powder ....... for Hurds £78 19 08, for match makers' pay £57 12 8 In all . . 795 04 07 And of this only left in the magazine of powder not above 9 barrels, and 10 barrels more in the workmen's hands undone. In his 2 books of Receipts. Sir William Russell dates his Receipts from the 15th of May to the 17th of October, and the first receipt of his book begins the 26th of May, yet we find upon examination of Mr Bacon's book of receipts, that Sir William Russell received between the 15th of May and the 21st which he never accounted for the sum of £422 12s 2d.3 Nor doth he acknowledge the receipt of £120 paid unto him for his 400 men for one week's pay, which he promised to send to my Lord Capel, although we are informed that there came to his Lordship but 151 men. In the margin : — 1 £^A^7 16s. 6d. to be discounted. 3 To be disctunted ^422 12 2, £\2Q 00 80, 153 00 OO 062 16 OO 063 00 OO 227 14 06 155 01 09 136 12 04 ANNALS. 145 1 Whereas Sir William Russell accounts that there is in arrear due unto him in his first book of disbursements the sum of £1972 19 8 we conceive the fault was wholly his own, because the full power of collection was in himself, and that he was desired by the Commissioners to gather the arrears of the first 4 months by a party of horse and had an order for the same,3 but did not, leaving unsettled above 2 months pay of the 4, P- 37o. being 1163 7 2 (viz.) in the first month of January uncollected £626 10 6, in the 2nd month £954 14s 2d, in the 3rd month £1636 4 ij, in the 4th month £2945 18s iod, the whole sum uncollected for the first 4 months3 being £6163 7s ad besides left uncollected for the part of the month of May until the 15th day thereof, which is the last day of his first book of Receipts £1500 more. Sir William Russell accounts the soldiers pay by the week after 7 days to the week, for every Trooper, which we conceive he ought to account by the month 12 of which months should make the year, according as the County gave their contribution, by which account of his he gains one week's pay in every quarter, which for the Regiment of horse being 322 according to the rate of £72 a full Troop, and 370 dragoons mounted and unmounted at £170 the week amounteth to £508.* In his 2nd book of disbursements. Sir William Russell doth make no abatement for the weekly pay for those companies of soldiers which were sent to Gloucester siege though the county sent in full provision for them,6 neither doth he abate for the number of 400 men which he undertook to send to my Lord Capel, during the time of being in service with his Lordship. But forasmuch as we are uncertain what time the soldiers were in other places, we P-371- cannot set down the extent to be discounted though it amounts to a great sum, until we receive information from the Lord Capel and Sir William Russell. 6In particular we except to the greatness of pay which every Captain demands for himself and his under officers, being full pay, whereas his In the margin : — 1 £1972 19 08. ! 19th April order. 3 Unsettled in the 4 months and for a fortnight in May ^1500 00 00, £6163 07 02. ' £S0& t° be discounted. 6 12 barge-ladings of provisions sent down to Gloucester. 6 Lieut.-Col. 01 15 0. Sergt.-Major 01 04 o. Captain 00 15 o. U I46 ANNALS. Majesty's allows but half pay to the officers in chief at most. Whose officers' pay comes to the sum of [blank]. We except against Lieut.-Col. Derby his demands of pay being from the date of his Commission the ]8"> of May, and so for his Lieut., Ensign and sergeants, for 19 weeks pay seeing he had no Company until the 10 of October last, which same accounteth to £308 158 oo.1 We except against all his Captains' particular musters, for that when Sir William Russell undertook to send 400 well armed men to my Lord Capel, and received a week's pay for the same, he sent only 151 men, in which we presume, he would not have failed could he have made good that number, and of those not above 80 well armed, the rest being Club men, as Sir John Mynne informed some of us, who was commanded by the Lord Capel, to take their muster and receive them. Sir William Russell hath now ready in his own company as he tnformeth us 82 men besides officers, yet it is evident upon his muster roll delivered in by the Captain Lieut. Harris, that he hath but 71 men, beside officers. P- 373- Sir William Russell accounts io8 per diem for a quartermaster general for his Regiment and City, the which we except against, not having at all to do with any officer belonging to the said city, so that he accounts double pay and ought to discount (viz.) the sum £50 15s 6d at the least.2 Sir William Russell allegeth that he lost 80 muskets taken out of his house, when Sir William Waller was before Worcester, for the defence of the City, for which he [two words obliterated] price £§4, and chargeth the said sum in his disbursement we do conceive we outrht not to be charged with the said sum, assuring ourselves they were part of the 788 muskets by him bought and accounted for at the charge of the county. 3 Sir William Russell chargeth himself for arming his soldiers with 788 muskets bought 22 pikes, 100 clubs, 49 pistols and 11 carbines, yet all his captains acknowledge the receipt from him of 158 muskets, besides some four pikes, and that they have now 135 muskets remaining, so there remains in his custody 630, out of which his own company, and Lieut. Col. which are 168 men supposed to be armed and all musketeers there will remain to be accounted for 462 musket.4 Whereas In the margin : — 1 ^3°8 l5s- to be discounted. 2 £50 15.9. 6d. to be discounted. 3 788 muskets, 049 pistols, on carbines, 100 clubs, 012 pikes. * 462 mus1cet$. ANNALS. itf P- 373- Whereas Sir William Russell accounteth from July the 12th to Sep tember 8 to Captain Wm Walsh's troop ^"131 io8 paid, we know not that any such troop was raised, or did any service for this county : and he also accounteth £4.8 paid to Captain Francis Blunt, for the raising and paying of a Troop of horse, though we never heard of the raising and mustering of any such troop of horse. Whereas Sir William Russell settethdown in his 2 books of disburse ments £1587 105., for the payment of his troop of horse, being as we con ceived the County troop, yet divers of the Commissioners, as Sir John Winford, Mr Talbot and Mr Townshend's servants, with some other gentleman's servants are unpaid above 34 weeks, he neither undertaking for their quarters nor caring for any other means of subsistance for them, as the troops affirm. The County did send in great quantity of provision for the making of a magazine in the City of Worcester, in case a siege should be laid to the same, all which provision have been disposed of by Sir William Rus sell as Governor without any consent of the Commissioners. And hath distributed a great part thereof among his Regiment, allowing nothing for the same to the County in account, by which means the whole County is much abused and the magazine totally exhausted. There are no signatures to this paper, and nothing to shew by whom it was made. But as it is stated in the certificate that some of the Commissioners propose to send exceptions, and as the document is headed " The exceptions of the Commissioners," it is probably the production of some of the following : Sir John Pakington, Sir Edward Sebright, Sir Ralph Clare, Sir John Rouse, Sir Henry Spiller, Sir Roland Berkley, Sir John Windsor, Samuel Sandys, Edward Pytts, Thomas Savage, Sherrington Talbot, John Keith, Edward Dingley, Francis Finch, Edward Vernon, Thomas Childs, Joseph Walsh, William Jeffreys, James Littelton, Henry Ingram, and Martin Sandys. The Commissioners were divided into two parties, each most hostile to the other, the adherents of Sir William Russell, who represented the south of the county, and those of Sir Ralph I48 ANNALS. Clare, who represented the north, and this document appears to have been the work of Clare and his friends. The next document is not addressed to anyone by name, and only speaks of the books " by your honours submitted," but it gives in detail the items in the books to which exception was taken, the totals of which amount to £8,471 10*. 2d. P- 375- Right Honourable, In obedience to your Honour's command we whose names are sub scribed have diligently perused the 4 books of accounts to us by your honours submitted containing the receipts and disbursements of Sir Wil liam Russell, B4, as Governor of the City of Worcester, and Sheriff of this County for the year last past. And wholly employed and entrusted by his Majesty for the making of the said Receipts and disbursements until the 15th of May past, for this City and County. The which 4 books of accounts with our observations therein together with the Commissioner's exceptions, against the books in all humbleness we now Tender to your honourable consideration. In the first book of disbursements we find he hath laid down these To Sergeant Major Bushell, April 2nd . To him more, April 29 . To Captain Henry Healinge . Which sums we think fit to be allowed him. He produced likewise 2 Acquittances under the hand of Sergeant Major Henderson for the sum £85, which said sum was not entered into the said book, The said acquittance being locked up in a Trunk, as his servant Thomas Pritchard affirmed and not till of late found ; which said sum we hold not fit to allow him, in respect the acquittance do testify the said sum was paid towards the payment of his said Sergeant Major's company of Dragoons, whereas it doth appear he was overpaid (beside this £80) the sum of £114 for his said company of Dragoons by the said Sir William Russell. We find that for all the particular disbursements made in this book either he produceth acquittance or some of his servants or agents by him employed do testify the same. That about the midst of January 1642 as Sir William Russell affirmeth Sir James Hamilton mustered 70 horse before the Lord Herbert and 003 OO OO OIO OO OO 003 OO OO annals. 149 himself; and that few days after he mustered 70 dragoons 20 mounted and 50 unmounted. That December 29th 1642 Sir William Russell mustered his own Troop being 70 horse. That Sergeant Major Cave although he received from Sir William Russell of the Clergy Contribution £293 for the raising of a Troop of horse, yet the said Sergeant Major never raised but 25 horse with the said money. p. 376. That Captain John Blunt mustered 45 horse before Sir William Russell and Sir James Hamilton the 30th of December and within to days after he made a full muster of 70 horse. That Captain Joseph Walsh mustered before Sir James Hamilton and Sir William Russell Jan. 2nd 42 horse and within one fortnight after he made a full muster of 70 horse. That Captain George Colte mustered before the Lord Chandos, Sir James Hamilton and Colonel Sam. Sandys 8th December about 42 horse. That Sergeant Major Henderson mustered before Sir James Hamilton and Sir William Russell Feb. 10th 70 dragoons 40 of them mounted and 30 unmounted. That Captain Francis Blunt mustered before Sir James Hamilton and Sir William Russell Jan. 6th an 100 dragoons mounted. That Sir William Russell mustered his own company of Dragoons Jan. 10th being 70 in number, 20 mounted and 50 unmounted. That Captain Dennis mustered before Sir James Hamilton and Sir William Russell Feb. I2111 60 dragoons 15 mounted and 45 unmounted. That Sir William Russell affirmeth he paid to every of the said force those rates following that is to say. To every Trooper 173 6d per week, to every mounted dragooner io8 6d per week, to those unmounted 6s per week. And yet when any captain mustered between 40 and 70 horse they demanded and he paid them £50 per week, and when they made full muster to the number of 70 he paid them £72 per week which is above 208 a man and horse per week, and according to which rate the troop of Sir James Hamilton consisting of 70 horse for 17 weeks cometh to £1224 °°s 0°a- And his company of dragoons being 20 mounted and 50 unmounted at £30 per week, the rate agreed with him by Sir William Russell, for 16 weeks cometh to £480 o o the sum total both for horse and dragoons £1704 of which he hath received £1496 138 od whereof there is to be discounted for 7 case of pistols which he bought £24 io8 ood, so his arrears due are at the rates aforesaid £207 6s 6d. 15© ANNALS, That Sir William Russell's Troops being 70 horse for 18 weeks at £72 per week cometh to £1296 and his company of dragoons being 70 men whereof 20 mounted and 50 unmounted at £27 per week for 17 weeks cometh to £459. P- 377- The sum total of horse and dragoons being £1755 of which he hath received £1073, remains to him in arrears at the rates aforesaid £682 00 00. That Captain John Blount for his troop being 45 horse, for one fortnight at £50 per week, and afterwards for 16 weeks more at £72 per week cometh to £1252, whereof received £789 6s ood, remains to him in arrears £462 148 ood. That Captain Joseph Walsh for his troop consisting of 42 horse for one fortnight at £50 per week and afterwards 7° horse for 16 weeks more at £72 per week cometh to £1252, whereof received £811, remains in arrears £441 00 00. That Captain George Colte's Troop of 42 horse for 20 weeks at £50 per week at rate agreed with him by Sir William Russell cometh to £1000, whereof received £74? remaining in arrears £296 [sic, ? 926]. xThat Sergeant Major Henderson for his 70 dragoons 40 mounted and 30 unmounted at £30 per week a rate agreed with him by Sir William Russell for 13 weeks cometh to £396, but he hath received £504 07 06 which is an £114 07 06 more than his pay. That Captain Francis Blount for 150 men, from the 4th of December to the 6th of January at 6s a man per week being 6 weeks cometh to £237 18 00 and afterwards for an 100 of the said men being mounted dragoons for 18 weeks at io8 6d per week cometh in all to £945, whereof received £843 00 00, remains in arrears £339 00 00 more due to him for muskets £006 16 00. n'hat Captain Dennis his 60 dragoons 15 of them only being mounted for 13 weeks at the rates aforesaid cometh to £279 3s 6d, but he hath received £288 14 o so he is overpaid 009 10 06. In the first book of his receipts, we find that he had omitted the setting down of £50 received by him the said Sir William Russell of Mr Edw. Turley of Walcot which same sum Sir William Russell hath now acknowledged and entered into his book. We are also credibly informed that Sir William Russell hath received from John Horniol, Esqre, a £100 and £60 from Rowland Bartlett, Esqre, which is not acknowledged in this book. In the margin : — 1 To be discounted. ANNALS. 151 We find also by the acknowledgment of Sir William Russell that the Inhabitants of Tewkesbury upon delivering up of the said town unto him did compound with him the said Sir William Russell for the sum of p. 378. £500 to free the said Town from plunder, but he saith they paid in unto him only £460 thereof. That the wood taken by Sir William Russell and accounted for in this book was of very great value, and reported by some of judgment to be worth £900 but the number of tons is not expressed and the much greater part thereof was sold for £45 the reason being as Sir W. Russell affirmeth that the said wood had been taken during wet and was thereby worth little. That the Malt taken at Tewkesbury, and inserted into this book by the name of some malt was to the quantity of 53 quarters all the said malt being sold at 208 the quarter. That the cattle taken in Gloucester siege and expressed in this book by the name of some beasts were not sold as Sir William Russell affirmeth but redeemed by the owners at £29. That the quantity of bar Iron taken from M1' John Hanbury is not expressed neither is there any account made of the sale thereof excepting of the said ten tons mentioned to be sold in this book, the residue being employed about the ordnance and halls of the City and taken away and disposed of by Sir James Hamilton and other soldiers as Sir William Russell affirmeth, but we have been informed that the said iron was worth between £3 and 400 at the least. In the 2nd book of receipts we find that it beareth date on the 15th of May 1643 but no receipt therein laid down till May the 26th, yet upon perusal of the Receiver's books being Mc John Bacon and by his acknowledgment it appeareth that Sir William Russell hath received of the said Mr Bacon between the said 15th and 26th of May the sum of £422 1 2s o2d which is not accounted for.1 P- 379- *And also that in the Title of the said book it is expressed that the receipts therein should continue to the 17th of October, according to the second book of disbursements yet we find he concludeth this said book on the 29th of September although he received £120 for the payment of his soldiers on the na of October which same sum of £120 is not acknowledged in this said book. In the margin : — 1 To be discounted. 152 ANNALS. In the 2nd book of disbursements we find That all the particulars therein entered are justified by acquittance or attested by his servants or agents by him employed. That he layeth down as bestowed in arms £652 00 o£ for arming of his Regiment ; which he saith were accordingly divided amongst his soldiers, but it appeareth not unto us that they were so many muskets remaining in his hands to account for. That Sir William Russell mustered his own foot Company consisting of 56 men June the 10th, and June the 19th he mustered 99 men more, in total of 155 men. The pay of which men for 24 weeks ending December the 2ud at £68 per week (the pay he allowed to all his foot soldiers) cometh to £1132 10s ood, whereof received by him £410 10s ood, remains in arrears £721 n8 ood. That Captain Spencer mustered 77 men August 7th their pay at the rate aforesaid for 17 weeks ending December 4th cometh to £392 148 ood> whereof received £86 128 3d, remains in arrear £360 02s ood. That Captain Middlemore mustered 93 men June the 24'1 their pay at the rate aforesaid for 23 weeks ending December 2nd cometh to £636 1 4s ood, whereof received £290 10s 00, remains in arrears £346 043 ood. That Capt. Chasnie mustered 40 men June 26th their pay at the rate aforesaid for 23 weeks ending December 4th cometh to £276, whereof received £129 9 o, remains in arrears £146 us 00. That Captain Hughes mustered 58 men July 26th whose pay at the rate aforesaid for 19 weeks ending December 6th cometh to £330 12s ood, whereof received £162 3s 4d, remains in Arrears £168 08 08. p. 380. That Captain Sheldon mustered 42 men August 2nd, and August the 16th 32 men more, their pay for both at the rate aforesaid being 16 weeks cometh to £380 083 ood, whereof received £119 03 04, remains in arrears £261 04 08. That Captain Sparry mustered 43 men October 2nd their pay for 9 weeks at the rate aforesaid cometh to ^116 02 00, whereof received ^13 06 00, remains in arrears ^102 16 00. That Captain Rumney mustered 56 men July 4th, and July 24 26 men more which at the rate aforesaid unto December 10th being 18 weeks cometh to ^490 198 00, whereof received ^234 9s 9d, remains in arrears 256 09 03. That Captain Moore and Captain Cheyney mustered 48 men June 29 their pay at the rate aforesaid to December 7th being 22 weeks ANNALS. 153 cometh to ^316 16 00, whereof received ^198 173 ood, remains in arrears £iij 19 00. That Captain Hanbury mustered 76 men August 2ni their pay at the rate aforesaid to December 6tu being 18 weeks cometh to ^410 8 oo, whereof received ^95 19s 9d, remains in arrears ^314 08 03. That the total of the foresaid arrears amounteth to the sum of ^2741 133 IOd- That the said Sir William Russell demandeth for the Surgeon to his Regiment Richard Addis £1 153 od per week for 29 weeks (viz.) from May the i8t]l until December 7"1. And so for the Apprentice of the said Addis io3 per week for the same time both which do amount to the sum of ^65 058 ood, of which he hath received £$ o o, remains in arrears ^60 05 00. That the Surgeon besides the pay aforesaid requireth advance money for his chest. That the said Sir William Russell demandeth for the pay of a Quarter-master General of his Regiment and City £5 10 o per week for 29 weeks which cometh to ^101 10s ood. p. 381. That he requireth full pay for his Lieutenant, Col. Davies, with all his inferior officers from the date of his Commission being the 18th of May and not from the day of his muster being October 5111 which is 19 weeks' difference, which according to his pay demanded cometh to ^308 1 5s and for all the rest of the officers Sir William Russell requireth pay but from the date of their muster the arrears of all the said officers' pay to December cometh to ^2444 188 o6d at the rates following. Lieut. Col. ..... 35s per diem. Sergeant Major . Capt. Lieut. Ensigns . Sergeants . Drum Major Drummer . Corporal . That the said Sir William Russell hath paid in this book from the 27 of May to the 9 of October the sum of ^316 to his troop of horse, but what the number of the said troop is we know not, having neither seen the said horse mustered, nor their muster roll, although both were required, X 24 15 04 03 OI3 6d OI 6 OI 0 OI 0 1^4 ANNALS. That Capt. William Walsh hath received from Sir William Russell from the 12th of July until Sept. the 8a ^131 io" oa for the pay of a troop of horse by him raised, but the number of the said troop we know not, never having seen the said troop, nor yet the muster roll, the said Captain with his said troop leaving this County in September last. That Captain Francis Blount hath received of Sir William Russell ^48 from Sept. 8 until October the 17 for the raising and towards the paying of a troop of horse, but what number they were, or whether at all mustered we know not. We do find that the contribution of this County and other monies lent for his Majesty's service by any persons of this County until the 15th of May last have been received only by the said Sir William Russell and his officers. p. 382. That the said Sir William Russell hath received of the 5 first monthly contributions, (viz.) from January Ist until May 15th the contribution being ^3000 per mensum, the sum of ^5836 128 io|d so that the arrears of the said months to the 15th of May amounteth to £7663 07s i£d which said arrears have grown by the neglect of the said Sir William Russell and his officers, who had the sole power to collect the same. And that since the said 15th of May all the contributions have been received by Mr John Bacon appointed Treasurer by the Commissioners for that purpose, excepting such monies which have been gathered by any parties of the said Sir William Russell's horse, which said parties never made any account to the said Treasurer of the sums by them collected as he affirmeth. And therefore until such time the commanders of the said parties shall give in a just account, what and of whom, they have received it is impossible for us to certify what the arrears of the contribution are, as by your honourable command we are required. That we cannot according to your honourable command give answer what numbers of horse or foot officers the said Sir William Russell hath in his said Regiments in that the officers of the said foot Regiment refuse to muster until their soldiers may have their full pay which for the present we are not able to make (alleging) they cannot draw them together of fear mutinying. And in that we cannot as yet rain the muster roll of the said Horse, neither have seen them mustered we cannot certify their number, but it appeareth by the Captain's muster roll of the foot Regiment that the said Sir William Russell hath formerly mustered 766 men, besides officers. Yet in the muster roll of Sir William Russell's own Company his Captain, Lieutenant Harries, doth under his hand attest that there were 82 men in the said Company. ANNALS. IJ5 P- 3*3- But on examination of the Roll we find but 71. And where your honours require us to certify how the number of the said Sir William Russell's soldiers came to be lessened to that we cannot directly answer, only we have been informed that a recent March of 400 of them towards the Lord Capel 250 came away and as their officers say many of them are lost for want of pay. But that the said Sir William Russell hath at any time raised other forces than those before mentioned, we cannot inform your Honours. We find also that Sir William Russell hath received out of this County into the magazine at Worcester great quantity of corn, bread, cheese and Bacon as by the book of John Child receiver thereof appeareth. And that the said provisions have been issued forth amongst the soldiers of the said Sir William Russell, as appeareth by the book of the said John Child, under the testimony of those officers receiving the same for their soldiers, the particulars so issued are 778 cheeses, 2 beeves and a half, 10 muttons £39 t83 od in bread 517 loaves of country bread.1 For all which there is not allowance made in Sir William Russell's book of accounts. We find upon his removing from the Government of this City that he hath left only 9 barrels of powder in the magazine although we have expended £79$ 4s 6d in making of powder as by accounts appeareth. We find the total of Sir William Russell's receipts on both books to amount to . His disbursements on his books are So his disbursements are greater than his receipts by The full arrears of all his foot soldiers at 6d per week until Dec. last cometh to ... . £2,741 13 10 The arrears of his officers in his foot Reg* at full pay is ^2,444 18 06 Sum total due to him 8492 10 o8| £12,615 00s I f d 15,920 18 06 3;3°5 18 o4i p. 384. But under your honourable favours we conceive the sums hereunder written ought to be discounted by the said Sir William Russell if he shew not good reason for the contrary. The monies from Mr Horniold and M1 Bartlett if they were received ....... £160 00 00 The monies to Sergeant Major Henderson more than his pay £114 07 06 In the margin : — 1 To be discounted. I56 ANNALS. The monies to Captain Dennis more than his pay . £009 10 Oo The monies received by Sir William Russell between May 15th and 26'11 not accountable . . . 42a ia °2 The pay for his 400 men going to the Lord Capel October 11th not accounted rao 00 00 The absence of Sir James Hamilton's Regiment of horse being 322 and his Regiment of Dragoons being 370 for 3 weeks attending his Highness Prince Maurice in the Forest of Dean . . . 1487 10 06 Sir James Hamilton's Regiment of dragoons was paid 4 10 o per week for 16 weeks more than pay . 072 00 00 The pay required by his Lieut. Col. Dennis and all his inferior officers for 19 weeks before he mustered their company ....... 308 15 00 Sir James Hamilton's Regiment of horse having received double pay after his Majesty's allowance ought to discount ........ His Quartermaster's pay being double ought to be abated The common soldiers paid 63 per week his Majesty allowing but 4s there ought to be discounted . For 64 muskets taken out of his house which we con ceive were bought with the country's money . 7390 16 02 P- 385- The officers of his foot Regiment as counting full pay his Majesty- allowing but half pay ought to dis count at least ....... 1000 00 00 The absence of his foot soldiers with the Lord Capel when they had free quarters if not pay . The absence of his soldiers at the siege of Gloucester for one month where we sent them full provisions The provisions taken out of the Magazine . The free quarters taken by his soldiers in the County and City for Sir James Hamilton's Regiments of Horse and Dragoons and his own Regiments of Horse and foot ........ For 40 loads of hay for Sir James Hamilton's quarters notwithstanding he received double pay and for hay to Merdingall the butcher ..... 081 00 00 Captain Brampton affirms Sir William Russell never mustered with more than 40 horse. 3102 OO OO 050 !5 OO 1479 OO OO 064 OO OO ANNALS. I $7 Sergeant Major Henderson says Sir William Russell hath set down in his account £213 more than he hath received. Sum total of the deductions of this account the blanks except, £8471 IO3 02d. These accounts throw a good deal of light upon the way in which the war was carried on : — Royalists enforcing payment of the remainder of the Parlia ment contributions Essex had levied when he had possession of the city in 1642. Payment by the clergy for a troop of horse. Receipts from delinquents for fines imposed by Parliament not only in Worcestershire, but in Gloucestershire and Warwick shire. Payments from the city of Worcester and Tewkesbury. Not less interesting are the outgoings : Prince Maurice, the Cannoneer, Matrosses and others of the City Artillery, for making saltpetre. To three powder makers. For ammunition casting, boring cannons, making carriages, paying guides, scouts, messengers, intelligence and others. Still more interesting are the objections made to the accounts. If they are to be believed, whenever soldiers were sent out to enforce payment of contributions or on active service, the whole of the money they got did not come into account. When Russell gave up the Governorship of Worcester at the end of 1643 it is said that, although he had spent ^795 45. in making gunpowder, he only left nine barrels in store. His accounts shew that the Governorship was not a profitable office. His receipts had been ^12,615 os. ifrf., his payments ,£15,920 18*. 6d., leaving a balance due to him of ^3305 185. 4\d. But the objectors proposed to bring him in a debtor to the amount of ,£8471 10*. 2d., leaving a balance against him of £5165 11*. \o\d. Russell's accounts conclude the documents for 1643. i$& Annals. CHAPTER VI. 1644. Sir Gilbert Gerrard, who at the end of 1643 succeeded Sir William Russell as Governor of Worcester, did not find his position an easy one. lt was not so much keeping off the enemy, for the Royalists, but for Massey's raids, were practically masters of the county, but the difficulties were how to raise enough money to pay the troops, how to provide sufficient sup plies (1) of food, (2) of arms and munitions. Added to this, the continued squabbles of the Cavalier gentry with each other. Townshend begins his account of the year with the following document dated 1644, but obviously, from the marginal notes, of a much later date, prophesying the ruin of the county, which purports to be taken from a Latin MS. in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge. p. 131. 1644. A prophecy of Gritnerus concerning these times taken out of the Latin manuscript in Trinity College Library in Cam bridge. 1 1. In his predictions he describeth the troubles of Russia, election of Sigismund the Swedish king to Poland by which he irrevocably lost his own inheritance. 1 2. That of the Swedish usurper's race there should be one Gus- tavus Adolphus by name should enter Germany with a small army, roll into a mighty force, fight many battles prosperously but at the last in a pitched field should perish. That about that time should reign another Rex Septentrionalis nomine Carolus,2 qui ducet in uxorein Mariam papisticam, ex quo evadet regnum omnium infelicissimus. 3Tunc populus ipsius dicionis eliget alium sibi Regent Comitem qui durabit in imperio tres annos aut eo circiter, et postea idem populus eliget alium regem equitem4 non ejusdem familise In the margin : — 1 Past and true. 2 Beheaded 30 Jan. 1649. 3 5. X. Essex. 42 to 44. 4 For X. ANNALS. 159 nec honoris,1 qui detundet omnia sub pedibus suis aliquando longiore tempore et post hanc nullum. Paulo post apparabit quidam Carolus ex Carolo descendens ab immensa classe in litus dictionis patris sui et cum auxiliariis Danencis, Suedicis, Franciciis, et Hispaniis prostemabit adversarios suos et administrabit imperium suum perfelicissime et erit Carolo magno major. On the 5th January the monthly Elmley Lovett for the sum of £10 8s. P- 339- Jan. 20, 1643. An Assessment made Contributions in the parish of ^10 8s 3d per mensam. Henry Townshend, Esq1' M™ Cicely Brace John Leneh, gent. John Bourne . John Acton . Edw. Best, Clerk Mr Nath. Tompkins, Clerk Rich. Wolloston Anth. Acton Tho. Tyrer . Walt. Insoll . John Barnard Fra. Gittens . John Stower . Charles Bacon John Linden Widow Manning John Hanbury John Tipper . Lewis Palmer John Best, sen. Anth. Best . John Best, jun. Elizabeth Ince contribution was levied on 3* for the 8th and 9th monthes Elmley Lovett, being after p. 340. John Ince 02 OO OO 00 09 06 00 09 06 00 15 OO 00 05 OO 00 14 04 00 o 1 06 00 03 IO 00 02 06 OI OO OO 00 03 06 00 03 04 00 02 OO 00 03 04 00 02 08 00 04 OO 00 02 08 OO OO IO 00 02 08 00 03 04 00 03 OO 00 01 04 00 or. OO OI 06 08 00 o 1 08 In the margin : — 1 Fairfax, Dec. 31, 1644. i6o ANNALS • Joan Best oo 02 06 Tho. Ballard . OO OO 10 Jo. Smith OO 05 06 Tho. Williams OO 05 00 Tho. Mode . OO 06 00 Humfrey Thatcher OO 03 °4 Joan Barnesley OO OI 04 Edm. Smith . OO 02 00 Cha. Haywood OO 05 00 Jo. Puller . OO 01 04 Edm. Ryall . OO 06 10 Tho. Cammell OO 03 04 Tho. Burnell OO 01 06 Tho. Gardner OO 00 10 Tho. Burton . OO 01 06 Fra. Webley . OO 00 10 Walt. Perkes OO 00 10 Wm. Mate . OO 00 10 Margery Hunt OO 00 oS The County contribution of £3000 a month was not suffi cient to satisfy the demand for money, so steps were taken to raise more. On the Sth February 1644 Rupert arrived at Wor cester ; on the 10th a meeting of the Royalist officers was held to consider the matter. The very simple expedient of tempo rarily raising the county's monthly contribution from ^3000 to £4000 was adopted. As this was one of Prince Rupert's first administrative acts in the county, it is not to be wondered that he was not popular. The following is the order issued : — P- 445- At the Townhall within the City of Worcester on Saturday the 10th of Feb. 1643. 1. It is ordered by his highness Prince Rupert with the consent of the Commissioners and the County that the Contribution of the County shall be raised to £4000 per mensem to continue only for the 10, 11 and 12 months, and after to return to the former rate of £3000 per mensem the one half in money and other half in provision at the County's choice, ANNALS. l6l %. It is further ordered by his highness with the consent of the Commissioners that with this contribution 2000 foot and 500 horse shall be maintained for the better safety of the County and City. 3. That the County and City shall be no longer subject to any free quarters or billet of or for any horse or foot soldiers (otherwise than for a night as his Majesty's forces pass through) without present pay ment for the same in money, nor any soldiers whatsoever quarter with out an express Order from his officer in chief who shall be answerable for the damage sustained by his soldiers to the party suffering. 4. And in case any soldier shall attempt to force his quarter without Orders, they shall be brought before the Governor of Worcester or the next Garrison and there shall be liable to a Council of War. p. 446. 5. That no officer shall press or take any horses by his own power, And that hereafter there shall be no plundering of horses, cattle or goods, nor violence offered by any of the King's soldiers to men's persons for defending their own, And if any soldier shall presume to commit any such violence that restitution be made to the owners out of the weekly pay and Martial law executed upon the offender according to the quality of his offence : for which purpose a Council of War shall sit weekly at Worcester, And that it shall be lawful for all his Majesty's loyal subjects to assist one another for the suppressing of such forces and the apprehending of the persons to bring them to punishment. 6. That the Petty Constables of every parish shall pay in weekly the monthly contribution for the 10, 11 and 12th monthly payments (according to the Assessments to the Treasurer of the County). 7. And if any Captain, Officer or Soldier shall fail to pay his billet, then the Treasurer for the County shall deduct out of his pay so much money as may satisfy his quarter by the knowledge and Consent of the Commissioners. 8. That all those who shall voluntarily arm themselves for his p. 447. Majesty's service and the defence of the County and City shall have liberty so to do and shall be assured their arms shall not be taken from them, giving in a list of their names and arms. 9. That no parishes which are allotted to any Garrison shall be chargeable to send labourers to make the fortifications of any other Garrison unless by special Orders from myself. 10. That for the ease and security of all the Inhabitants of this county the rates of the provision for this County which are or shall be r 1 62 ANNALS. iiy" xviijd vj* iis Vs VJu d ob. from time to time sent in for and lieu of the one half of the Contribution money shall be according to these rates following. Hay per tod .... Oats per strick Peas and beans per str. . Grass per horse Straw per load Cheese per Cent, after 2a ob. the best The other for 2a per pound. Butter per pound ..... ny Bacon per pound ..... mjd Beef per pound ..... ijd ii. The horseman and his horse is to be billeted for 88 per week and to have a peck of Provender by the day for his horse. The foot soldier is to be billetted for ij3 vid the week. p. 448. 12. That no free quarter or billet shall be taken by or for any horse or foot soldiers in any Garrison town, parish or house within this County (except house room and such fire, candle and salt as they of the family use for themselves) without payment for the same in ready money according to the rates. And that no more soldiers be billetted in a house than the said house will conveniently receive. 13. No quartermaster shall quarter any person in any house without the assistance of the Officer of that place nor that no women, boys nor children be allowed quarter without consent of the master of the family. 14. That all those parishes, villages and houses within the County who have quartered any soldiers of the Lord Chandos and Sir William Vavasour or any under their Command, or have sent in hay, oats or other provisions to their several quarters shall draw up particular bills of quarter and damage, and restitution shall be made by Sir William Vavasour. 15. That if any parish or person shall make default of payment weekly either in money or provisions according to their tax, that such parish or person upon return of their names by the Constable to the Officers in chief of the garrison to which such contribution shall belong p. 449. and to the Treasurer are desired and have liberty to send forth parties of horse or foot to distrain or collect the same provided that no person Annals, l6j be liable to query any such person but only such persons as make default and are delinquents therein. 16. That all provisions to be delivered in by this order and agree ment shall be delivered at the city of Worcester on every Saturday and town of Evesham and garrison of Hartlebury every Monday to the hands of the Commissioners to that purpose appointed by the Governors thereof who shall keep books wherein shall be set down what is paid in money what in provisions. Rupert Pr. Let this be published in all parishes and public places within the County. The additional £1000 raised the monthly contribution of Elmley Lovett from £10 8*. 30?. to £14 7*. 40?. The following is the first assessment on the new rate made for March 1644 : — p. 308. March 4th 1643. ^4000 per mensem Contribution on the County for 3 months. An Assessment for the 10th, 11th and 12th monthly Contribution in the parish of Elmley Lovet being after 14/. 7s. 4d. per mensum. £ s. d. £ s. d. Hen. Townsend, Esq" 2 15 4 Thomas Ballard 0 1 2 Mrs Cecily Brace 0 13 0 John Smith . 0 07 10 John Lench, Gent. 0 13 0 Tho. Williams 0 06 08 John Bourne, Gent. . t 02 0 Tho. Moule . 0 08 OO John Aston, Gent. 0 06 8 Humph. Thatcher . 0 04 5 Edd Best, Clerc. . I OO 8 Joan Barnesley 0 01 9 Nathaniel Tomkyns, Edmond Smith 0 02 8 Clerc. . 0 02 0 Rich. Wollaston, Clerc. 0 06 10b. Charles Harwood . 0 06 8 Anth. Acton 0 03 10 John Puller . 0 01 9 Tho. Tyrer I 06 08 Edmond Ryall 0 09 10b. Walter Insoll 0 04 05 Thorn. Cammell . 0 04 5 John Barnard 0 04 05 Tho. Bunchill 0 02 4 Fra. Gittins 0 03 0 Tho. Gardyner 0 01 10b. John Stower 0 04 0 Tho. Burton . 0 02 6 Charles Bacon . 0 03 6 Fra. Webley . 0 01 10b. John Lvndon 0 05 4 Walt. Perkes O OI 02 164 ANNALS. Widow Manning John Hanbury John Typper Lewis Palmer John Best, sen. Anthony Best John Best, jun. Elizabeth Ince John Ince . Joan Best . O 03 o 01 o 03 o 04 5 o 04 00 o 01 09 O 02 OO o 02 OO o 02 04 o 03 04 60b. 10b. 7 Will- Mate . Margery Hunt 0 Oi 10b. o 00 11 14 07 04 John Barnard, Edm. Smith, Tho. Cammell John Best, sen., >¦ Assessors. Something of the same kind was done in Shropshire. Townshend gives the following form of oath which the Com missioners imposed on the persons who made the assessments of the different parishes in the county. p. 444. 1643. The form of the oath which the Commissioners in the County of Salop did exhibit to the Assessors of the Monthly Contribution. March 10th. You shall swear by the sacred name of Almighty God, that laying aside all partial respects towards yourself and others, all love, favour and affection you bear towards any, all fear of incurring the displeasure of any, and all malice and anger that you bear towards any person whatsoever, you shall truly and honestly discover the truth of every thing that by us (according to our instructions shall be given you in charge. The instructions to the Commissioners were : — The Commission inter alia.) To call before them the Inhabitants. And by the oaths of them (or as many of them as you think fit) to take information of the true values of all the lands, messuages and tenements, tithes and ecclesias tical livings within the said hundred according as the same were really and indifferently worth and valued by the year three years since. And to assess every occupant thereof for so much as he holdeth after the rate of sixpence for every pound. And also the scale of payment for provisions that obtained in that county : — Shropshire rates for provision. Wheat per str. 4s. Rye and muncorn 3s 4* per str. Oats is 4d per Str. Malt 2' 8d per str. Barley 2" 2d per str. Barley straw per thrave ANNALS. 1^5 3*; wheat and rye straw per thrave 8d. Hay per cwt. i" 8d. Beef per pound 2d; cheese per pound 2d. Butter per pound 4d. Bacon per pound 3*. As might have been expected, the increased contribution did not work very smoothly, so after two months' experience and after its consideration by the Easter Quarter Sessions, Rupert agreed to attend a meeting of the Commissioners to consider the existing orders. This meeting was held on the 6th May, and resulted in the following order being issued : — p. 450. Wigorn. SS. May 6th, 1644. Upon conference with the Commissioners for the said County and at their Request I do order, confirm and allow the ensuing particulars as they are underwritten. 1. That the first division of the County into 3 parts which was presented to me may stand. 2. That no officer of a Regiment be paid more weekly than according to the number of the muster roll and for the more assurance the Treasurer of the Contribution shall receive a copy of the musters, their number and their names and pay weekly due to each Garrison. 3. That the Commissaries of the several Garrisons shall upon every Wednesday account with the Treasurer what sums they have received in provisions weekly, And if upon account they have received more in value than their pay comes to That it may be defaulted out of the next week's pay. 4. That the surplusage of the City Contribution being a^ioo per month over and above <^?xx per week payable to the Governor of Wor cester for his board may be entirely disposed of for the defraying the charge of the Amount of the Garrison, and officers of the train of Artillery, And that if it fall out that the said £100 per month doth not reach to defray the Emptions of the store of Ammunition and the said officers, that then what the same shall amount unto more than the said a^ioo shall be paid and made up out of the Contributions of the said County of Worcester by the Commissioners for the same. 5. That all officers and soldiers take care of giving any offence by language or otherwise unto the Commissioners for raising of the Contribution of the said County for that thereby people are emboldened to be backward in their payments. t66 ANNALS. P-45«> The King's ministers disheartened and his service disparaged the duty of the Commissioners being completed by the sending forth of their warrants, and no more remaining for them to do. 6. That some of the Commissioners named and appointed by the rest in that behalf in their own persons shall see and view the musters of horse and foot of every Regiment or of any Garrison within the said County, as often as they shall find it necessary, and shall have books of the musters, and that no muster be made or accounted that are not warranted under the hands of some of the Commissioners. 7. That the Rates of the provisions shall extend towards Corn, Barley and Malt, as wheat at 4s per strike, muncorn 3s 6d, Rye at 3s, Barley at 2' 4d, dry Bacon at 5d per pound, and Malt at 2s 8d per strick. 8. That the monthly contribution shall not be diverted from the Garrisons of their County to which it is already allotted for the main tenance of any new officers or forces. 9. That according to my former orders the Contribution money may be wholly brought in to the Treasurer of the County and the provisions to the Commissaries of the several Garrisons weekly, and that if any party of horse or foot shall go forth to collect any sums, they shall take the Constable of the said parish with them, which shall only receive the same and bring it into the Treasurer. 10. That if any parties of horse or foot be commanded out of their several quarters into any other part of this County Those places where they quarter shall discount their billets according to the rates agreed on to the Treasurer of the County in their monthly Contribution bringing a note under the hand of the Commander in Chief, of their number, their charge, and time of stay, And if it fall out the quarter to exceed the monthly contribution, that then the Treasurer shall discharge the same. p. 452. Misplaced (sic). 12. That according to the desire of the Grand Jury at this present Sessions, Those that are willing to appear in his Majesty's cause, and in the defence of the City and County may have leave to arm themselves, and to be captained by such gentlemen of the County, as they shall choose, And shall also be assured by me That they, being listed, their aims shall not be taken from them, nor they compelled to serve beyond the frontiers of this County. 11. That my former orders may be again confirmed which also the Grand Jury of this County have prayed That no officer or soldier in this County shall take free quarter where Contribution is paid, nor shall ANNALS. 167 refuse to receive the Contribution half in money and half in provision according to the Rates. 13. That so many of the soldiers which are unarmed should be commanded to work daily at the fortifications that they may not be idle, and have their pay for nothing. 14. That at every Council of War any of the said Commissioners for the safety of the said County, may sit in Council with the said officers, and have voices, except in such things as concern discipline, and the punishment of soldiers, or officers for the offence by them committed. Rupert. While Rupert was at Worcester Townshend tried to get him to attend to a private matter. In 1641 Daniel Dobbyns was Sheriff. In order to find the money to perform the office Dobbyns induced Townshend to join in a bond for ^200 as a surety for payment. Dobbyns assigned to Townshend the right to receive his Worcestershire rents. Townshend had begun to collect these rents, but as Dobbyns had turned Roundhead, under Rupert's order confiscating delinquent estates, not only was his col lection of rents stopped, but also a payment that Townshend had to make to Mrs. Dobbyns towards her support and that of her many small children, all the rents going to Rupert. Townshend was daily pressed by Dobbyns' creditors for money, so he asked Rupert to make an order authorizing the balance of what was due on the bond, and a sum for Mrs. Dobbyns and her children's support to be paid to himself. The petition is in these terms : — p. 649. To the most Excellent Prince Rupert his Highness. The Humble petition of Henry Townshend, Eqre, one of his Majesty's Justices and Commissioners for the safeguard of the County of Worcester. Humbly Sheweth That Mr Daniel Dobbins being his Majesty's High Sheriff and servant three years since for the County of Worcester; requested your l68 ANNALS. petitioner to be bound with him in a bond of £200 for the payment of £100 with Interest for his better supportation in his Majesty's service; And for the better enabling your petitioner to discharge the said Bond, the said M1' Dobbins assigned unto him the receiving of his Rents within this County (of which he hath begun to collect some part of the Tenants and paid the same towards satisfaction of the said Bond) before your Highness Commission for delinquents' estates bears date, and a small sum of £10 to the relief and for the alimony of his Wife Mrs Dobbins and many small children upon her petition by Letter. Yet Information being given that the said Mr Dobbins is a delinquent against his Majesty whereby his Lands and Rents are to be sequestered (as your petitioner is informed at your Highness disposing, And the Creditors pressing and calling daily for his money to your petitioner who through these distracted times, and his continual employments p. 650. and charges in his Majesty's service for this County is very much disabled. Doth most humbly crave That your Highness will be pleased to grant leave and Liberty for your petitioner to receive the residue of so much Rents out of Mr Dobbins estate as will discharge the said Bond, with the Interest and the Alimony money. And that the Tenants of the said M1' Dobbins may not be remanded to pay in such sums as your petitioner hath received of them ; together with directions to the Commissioners of Delinquents' Estates in this County to approve the same upon Account unto them. For which your petitioner shall ever pray, etc. Rupert was pressed for time. He was on his way to the North to help Newcastle and relieve York, and had no leisure for private affairs, however urgent. He left Worcester for Ludlow on the 7th May ; but even though so pressed, he was not forgetful of the interests of loyal Cavaliers. On his arrival at Shrewsbury he made the following order on Townshend's petition : — p. 650. Shrewsbury, May 9th, 1644. I refer the consideration of this petition to the Commissioners for Delinquents' Estates in the County of Worcester and do require them, that if the Allegations of the said petitioner appear to them to be true in such sort as is therein set ANNALS. ifij forth, that then they take such further order for the satisfaction of the petitioner as shall be just, And that of their doing herein they give me an Account. Rupert. The revised orders as to supplies had hardly a fair trial. Massey on the west kept the county in a perpetual state of raid, and he does not seem to have been averse, or possibly he was unable, to prevent his successful raiders from plundering ; whatever was the case there was great difficulty in filling up the Royalist ranks with new recruits, and still greater difficulty getting in money and munitions. Gerrard, the Governor of Worcester, and Sir Roland Berkeley, the Sheriff of the county, had all they could do to carry on. Possibly the military events helped chem. On the 3rd June Charles left Oxford, and after various halts on the road reached Worcester on the 12th June. Waller followed, reaching Evesham on the 12 th. Charles marched to Bewdley, from whence he sent his orders to Rupert to fight in Yorkshire, the result being Marston Moor. On the 13th Waller followed from Evesham and reached Bromsgrove. Sending his cavalry forward, they plundered the country all round. On the 15th Charles retired from Bewdley to Worcester and thence by Evesham and Broadway to Burford. Waller fol lowed him, plundering on his way. On the 1 7th he was at Droit wich on his way to Evesham, where he arrived on the 18 th, and marched thence to Shipston-on-Stour and came up with the Royal Army at Cropredy Bridge, where he was defeated. Doubtless there was a great deal of plundering on both lines of march by both sides. The Royalists considered they were in duty bound to plunder the " malignants," who considered it was equally their duty to be " avenged on their adversaries." If there was any doubt as to which side any farmer belonged, or if any householder was a Mr. Facing Both-ways, each party considered it their bounden duty to plunder his farm or his house. The result was that 170 ANNALS. the whole country called out for measures to be taken to stop plundering. The King seems to have been fully aware of this and of the necessity of dealing with it, but it had got quite beyond his power to do so. He, however, did what he could, and on the 2 1 st July 1644 issued the following proclamation : — p. 647. By the King. A proclamation for the more regular taking of Victuals for the supply of his Majesty's Army. Whereas we have lately received many and grievous complaints That divers Officers and others belonging to our Army, do frequently without any direction or authority; issue forth their warrants into the Countries through which our Army doth march for several proportions of Victuals, and sums of money to the great oppressions of our good subjects, and hindrance of the supply of our Army, whereby those warrants that are issued by our Commissioners and the Commissaries- general for the Victuals are disobeyed : and our Army exposed to want. We therefore having taken the same into our serious consideration, do, by the advice of our Council of War publish and declare, and hereby straitly charge and command all officers and others of our Army, that they presume not henceforward upon pain of our highest displeasure and such punishment as shall be thought fit to issue, subscribe or send forth any warrants or tickets for any sums of money, provision of Victuals, corn or horse meat whatsoever. And for the better discovery and prevention of the former abuses, our further pleasure and command is, that all warrants henceforward for the provision of victuals, corn, and horse meat, shall be issued by the Commissary-General of the foot, the Commissary-General of the Horse, and our Commissioners for the provision of our Army, who are the proper officers entrusted therewith, And whom We have by our Commissions Authorized to perform the p. 648. same : And that due obedience shall be given to their warrants by all persons whom it may concern: This Our pleasure we command shall constantly be published in all places where our Army shall march, and be likewise in our Army that so it may be duly observed and obeyed accordingly. Given at our Court at Ilchester this 21 of July in the 20th year of our Reign. 1644. God save the King. ANNALS. 171 But the matter was past the stage when a proclamation could be of any use. This the gentry felt, and realized that if anything could be done they must do it themselves. A county meeting was therefore called ; it was held at Droitwich on the 22 nd July 1644, and the measures that were then resolved to be taken might certainly be called drastic : — (1) A limitation on the number of soldiers in the County. (2) The county to be divided into certain districts and a district assigned to each body of soldiers, and only the assigned body to be supplied from its own district. (3) No free quarters, everything to be paid for. The number of soldiers in this county was fixed at 1400, 400 horse and 1000 foot. The horse to be under the command of Col. Sandys, the foot under Sir Gilbert Gerrard. The order to carry out these regulations was as follows : — P- 3«7- Lunse 22° die Julij 1644 apud Droitwich. Orders then made and established by the right worshipful Sir Gilbert Gerard, knight, Governor of Worcester, Sir Rowland Berkeley, knight, high Sheriff of the County of Worcester; and other his Majesty's Commissioners for the County. 1. That according to the Governor's Orders of the first of this month All the Foot of this County shall be reduced into one Regiment, and that all the Horse and Dragooners shall be reduced into one other Regiment; which said Regiment of Foot shall consist of one thousand ; and the said Regiment of Horse shall consist of four hundred ; And that there shall be no more Soldiers (other than the said two Regiments) raised and maintained in this County. For that the Contribution monies will not extend to pay more Officers and Soldiers, and defray the charges of the train of Artillery, And that all troopers and common soldiers shall be first paid out of the several allotments before the officers receive their pay. 2. That no foot soldiers shall be quartered in any place within this county without warrant under the hand of the Governor, And that no troop or party of horse shall be quartered in any place within the said County without warrant under the hand of Col. Samuel Sandys. And 172 ANNALS. that no free quarter shall be taken by any foot or horse of this County of any person that doth duly pay his Contribution Monies. And that P- 388. in case any soldier shall take any free quarter or do rob, plunder, or do any violence to any man's person or goods within this County, That the officer that commandeth in chief shall be answerable and make satisfaction for the same unless he shall bring in the said soldier to the Governor, to receive condign punishment. 3. That the Assessors of every parish shall make their assessments and deliver them to the constables within six days after the receipt of their warrant, And that in case any Assessors shall neglect to do the same, the Contribution monies of that place shall be levied upon them, and that all tenants shall be assessed and pay the Contribution monies, And shall default it out of their rents where they are tenants on the Park, and where the landlord ought to pay the same, And that no persons shall be plundered for their non-payment of the contribution monies until they be first returned to the Governor and his warrant obtained for the same. 4. That Colonel Sandys shall and may collect the arrears of the Contribution monies of the first Twelve months in those parishes and places which were assigned to the Garrison of Evesham whilst he was Governor thereof, and shall pay in to the Treasurer all such monies as. he shall collect and receive, to be disposed of by the Governor and Commissioners for the defence of the County. p. 389. 5. That the Governor and Commissioners shall meet on Tuesday next at Ombersley, and so every Tuesday after at such place as they shall from time to time agree on. 6. That the Commissioners in their several limits and divisions shall call the old and new Constables before them, and take their accounts, what contribution monies they have paid, and to whom and what is in arrear in every parish and by whom. 7. That the Contribution monies of the 10: 11 : 12: 13: 14: and 15th months now in arrear shall be paid in, the one half in money and the other half in provisions at the election of the County at the rates mentioned in his Highness Prince Rupert's Orders, and that no Officer shall refuse to accept the same provisions if brought and tendered at the Garrison which it is assigned. 8. That it shall be lawful for any of his Majesty's subjects and officers to apprehend all such Troopers and other soldiers of this county ANNALS. tj$ as shall be found wandering from their Colours, or quarters assigned unto them by their officer in chief as Felons, and vagrant persons, and disturbers of the peace of the county And to bring them before the Governor or some of the Commissioners that they may be proceeded against according to Martial discipline. The orders were to be published on the next Sunday after their receipt in each parish. In the notice Rupert had it stated that the contribution anyone had to make might be paid for partly in money and partly in kind at the option of the person making the payment, the price at which the stores were to be taken being fixed in the order. The following is the form in which the orders were to be published : — p. 390. Wigorn. To the Constable of Upton Warren and Cooksey. These are to will and require you that you cause these orders to be published in your parish church on Sunday next as followeth. That the assessors of every parish upon receipt of their warrants shall with all convenient speed assess the contribution monies for the month or months for which the said warrant or warrants shall be sent; And that the Constables of every parish shall within 10 days after such warrant sent as aforesaid collect and gather the same, And make payment thereof to such person or persons to whom the same is allotted or appointed to be paid or make due return of the names of every person refusing or neglecting to pay the sum assessed on him for any month, and that every person so returned shall lose his election and benefit of paying the one half of his contribution money for which he is returned in provision but shall pay the same entirely in money to the Captain or officer to whom the same is allotted, who (in case it be paid within the said 10 days or before such return made as afore said) is hereby ordered to accept and receive the same the one half in money the other half in provision at the party's choice at the rates P-391- agreed and according to his Highness Prince Rupert's orders and the orders of the late Quarter sessions : Which are these Hay per tod . . . 4d Pease and beans per str. 2" Oats per strike . . i8d Grass per the week . 2s 6d 174 ANNALS. Straw per load . . 5s Bacon per pound • AA- Cheese per pound the best 2d ob. Wheat per strike ¦ 4! The worst . . . 2d Muncorn per strike . 3s 6d Butter per pound . . 4d ob. Rye per strike . ¦ 3s There is no evidence or statement to shew how far these orders worked, but it is clear they did not put a stop to plundering. The matter again came up at the Michaelmas Sessions 1644, when the Grand Jury made certain proposals to Gerrard and the King's Commissioners on the subject. These proposals were approved and put in force. They are as follows : — P-39i- Here are likewise the copies of the propositions which the Grand Inquest for our Sovereign Lord the King did present unto the Governor and Commissioners at the late general sessions for this County and are by them allowed of. First, that henceforwards all orders made by the Governor and Commissioners may be certain and public, so the County may know what to obey and not to submit to private and cross orders. Secondly, that no man's goods be destrained or seized upon nor his person imprisoned but by express warrant from the Governor under his hand or 4 of the Commissioners. Thirdly, that all soldiers either horse or foot may be quartered in the garrison towns or Burroughs of this County and not in the County unless it be upon a march as they pass through this County, and if any violence shall be offered to any of his Majesty's subjects in this County as they pass as aforesaid that every officer unto whom such soldiers shall belong may give satisfaction for the same, or else the party so offending may be brought to condign punishment. Fourthly, all contribution money may be paid according to Prince P- 392- Rupert's orders, half in provision and half in money at the county's choice and that in case any person shall neglect the payment of the contribution assessed upon him, that every person so neglecting may suffer in his person or estate and be at the whole charge of the collection of the same, and that none of his neighbours may be molested nor suffer by quartering who have paid the contribution aforesaid. Fifthly, that whensoever any person of this County shall beneces- ANNALS. 175 sitated to defend their persons or estates from the rapine and plunder of the soldiers or other enemies, they may not therefore be called and tried by a Court of War, but by the common law of this land that being the subjects' inheritance according to a late order of the Parliament at Oxford and his Majesty's gracious proclamation therein. Sixthly, that no strange forces shall continue within this County but upon their march for a night and upon notice given to the Governor or Commissioners the forces of this County shall go speedily and force their removal. Seventhly, that it may be lawful for all the Inhabitants of this County to deduct out of their monthly contribution all such sums of money which shall hereafter become due for quartering either Horse or Foot. Lastly, we do also agree that the 19th, 20th, and 2i8t month's contribution shall continue at the rate of £3000 a month the one half in money and the other half in provision, and to be paid monthly at the P- 393- rates specified in Prince Rupert's orders provided always that these propositions be performed, otherwise the Contribution to cease. That whensoever any soldiers Horse or foot shall commit any robbery or violence the County may rise upon them and bring them to justice. That the Commissioners are desired from time to time as often as they shall think fit to muster all the Horse and foot of this County and that no officer shall receive pay for any more soldiers than he shall truly muster of his own. That no soldiers no officers shall send for any hay, corn or provender, but shall pay for the same ready money according to Prince Rupert's orders (unless it be in the parishes which are assigned for their quarters. Dated the 28th of October 1644. The assignment of the parishes to the support of the different troops was made in August 1644 ; there is nothing to shew if it was submitted to the Court of Quarter Sessions for their approval or not — probably not, as the Court had no jurisdiction in the matter. The cavalry was divided into seven troops, the Colonel's troop 100, the other six 50 each. It is very difficult to see any principle upon which the division was made except possibly the parishes assigned to the different officer's troops were 176 ANNALS. usually the furthest from where his local influence lay. Thus Col. Sandys, whose influence was at Evesham, had parishes mainly in the north of the county. P- 395- August 2i9t, 1644. The names of the parishes assigned to Col. Samuel Sandys' Regiment of Horse consisting of 400, which are divided into 7 Troops, whereof the Colonel 100, the rest 50 W1th officer's pay. Pro. Col. Sandys. Ombersley and old borough Bromsgrove . Grafton E. of Shrewsbury] Alvechurch Northfield and Cofton . Rushock Pedmore Old Swinford and Stourbridge. FrankleyHagley .... Churchill and Kingford . Doverdale Salwarpe Tredington home £100, viz Tredington and Tidmington Shipton .... Darlingscott . ArnescottNewbold 64 07 03 64 07 06 08 00 OO 3° 10 OO 26 13 IO 08 12 OO 05 10 OO J9 IO OO 07 05 05 08 06 °3 06 OO OO °5 OO OO 16 J3 04 p. 396. Pro. Col. Knotsford. Town of Eyre of Mamble Kingsnorton .... Yardley ..... Dudley ..... Cradley, Wordsley and Ludsey Wolverley .... # No figures in MS. 371 02 OO 41 13 04 46 07 06 38 OO 00 15 00 00 11 co 00 22 10 06 192 02 04 A.NNALS. 177 P- 397- Reformado's troop. Tardebigge, Redditch, Bentley North Piddle .... Upton Warren and Cooksey . Wickjuxta Pershore Pershore .... Hill Croome and Earl's Croome Cropthorne, Netherton, Charlton Elmley Castle BricklehamptonBirlingham and Nafford . Harvington . Church lench . Hampton magna and parva AtclenchShreeve's Lench 38 IO OO 07 IO OO r3 18 OO 15 12 OO 12 II 07 10 16 08 24 OO OO 09 05 04 10 OO OO 15 18 09 IO OO OO °3 OO OO 10 12 09 02 19 OO 04 03 05 190 OO OO Sir Rowland Berkeley, High Sheriff, his troop. Bushley, Poole, and GLueenhill Berrow . Holdfast and Estington Redmarley Dabitot Castle Morton Welland Pendock Malvern parva Upton super Sabrinam Cotheridge and Howson BroadwasHanley Castle 26 ll OO 16 06 OO 06 16 OO 16 15 06 26 J7 OO 09 02 OO IO 18 OO 04 11 OO 19 OO OO II 18 04 II IO 04 28 OO OO II 02 BewdleyBredon . . . . Overbury Broadway Alderstone and Golldicot 41 13 04 52 00 OO 44 10 OO 31 17 06 22 10 OO 92 10 IO A A 178 ANNALS. p. 398 1521 Sir Gilbert Gerard's troop, Governor of Worcester. Blockley Home £100, viz. The town of Eyre of Tenbury . . 41 13 04 North and Middle Littleton Church Honiborne and Poden South Littleton Captain Breereton DroitwichEvesham and Bengeworth Ripple .... Eldersfield Longden and Chaseley . Staunton without Birtsmorton 20 03 08 20 03 08 09 03 04 191 04 00 38 13 09 50 06 11 32 OO OO 31 OO OO 34 07 00 10 00 00 196 07 08 Captain Fitter 100 dragoons at 7" per week. P- 399- Beoley ....... Inkberrow ...... Feckenham ...... Upton Snodsbury ..... The rest to be got out of Warwickshire Quarters unassigned .... 22 10 00 48 00 00 53 13 10 22 13 02 167 02 04 145 17 04 The foot to be made up 900 in Sir Gilbert Gerard's Regiment whose company is 100. S4 Michael's in Bedwardine S4 John's in Bedwardine . Wick Episcopi except Howson Wichenford . Hallow .... Grimley Holt .... Town of Eyre of Shrawley 05 18 09 05 18 09 21 18 00 II 10 04 21 06 06 08 12 03 08 12 °3 41 *3 04 Il6 °9 08 ANNALS. 179 p. 400. Lieut. Col. Gerard 100 men. Town of Eyre of Martley Town of Eyre of Areley, Suckley 1 Except Cotheridge 5 Pinvin ..... Lenchwicke Norton . 41 • 4i . 09 !3 1313 07 07 04 04 06 10 Broughton Hackett 04 10 08 Oddingley . . . . . 02 10 OO 112 07 08 Sergeant Major Bishop 80 men. Battenhall and Sidbury . • x3 09 OO Kempsey Norton .... . 16 . 08 11 05 OOOO Stoulton . 08 °5 07 Pirton .... 10 OO OO Spetchley White Ladies Aston . 04 . 04 0909 08 08 Churchill and Bredicot . . 04 09 08 Throgm orton . 1 1 IO OO Bretforton • H 14 OO 97 04 04 p. 401. Every Captain 80 men which comes to £16 per week. £64 per mensem officers complete per week. £8 us 12 00 per mensem £33 12s Clifton upon Teme Lindridge and Knighton . Compton magna and parva Town of Eyre of Suckley Except Cothe ridge Peopleton Fladbury Hill and Moore Wyre Piddle . WickhamfordBadsey and Aldington Claynes .... Martin Hussingtrce £97 } 41 J3 04 34 i7 OO 20 00 OO 96 10 04 41 *3 04 07 10 OO 25 12 OO 1 1 °5 02 H 06 02 26 06 04 3° 04 02 05 12 06 i8o ANNALS. p. 402. Abbot's Morton Kington Dormston Rouse Lench and Hoblench Bishampton . Abberton Huddington and all Crowle 04 07 02 07 00 09 07 06 09 04 OO 09 12 00 07 IO 00 14 05 00 Walcot cum memb. Sedgberrow .... Grafton Flyford and Flyford Flavel Severn Stoke .... Hanbury Tilberton Kidderminster Borough Maddersfield . Himbleton per Mr Lake . Hampton per M1' Bacon and Mr Richard son ..... Scarlet keeper of the magazine, 00 10 00 Captain Will : Sandys pro Hartlebury Garrison the Captain and for fire for the guard and and ironwork. Hartlebury ..... Elmley Lovett .... Stone and Dunclent and Overmitton Chaddesley Corbett Belbroughton .... Stoke Prior ..... p. 403. 97 12 10 • 3i 17 06 09 01 01 • 25 06 03 31 00 00 97 4 10 . 48 °5 04 08 00 00 33 00 00 • °7 10 00 95 c5 04 . 09 06 08 11 02 00 3 per week. 100 men w tiole pay to 1 Chapl lin and masons • 3° 04 02 11 04 00 11 00 00 • 32 07 00 . 29 02 00 02 °5 04 *34 01 06 Out of the town of Eyre of Abberley Kidderminster foreign Warndon ..... Croome and Dabitot Defford ...... 10 08 04 37 °4 04 04 10 00 05 08 04 09 07 06 ANNALS. 181 Besford . PenshamStrensham 09 07 06 07 16 03 12 10 00 96 12 03 04 16 OI 03 16 OO 05 00 00 3° 12 08 06 10 00 09 07 06 23 00 00 04 11 00 09 02 00 Witley Parva .... Hindlip Hadsor ..... Wychbold, Dodderhill and Elmbridge Stock and Bradley . Naunton Beauchamp Eckington and Wollashall Malvern parva Welland .... 98 15 03 p. 404. To Mr Richardson the powder maker at £5 per centum for powder. Powick and Bransford . . . 44 08 01 Malvern magna . . . . . 30 15 00 To the Match maker Captain Cassin at 3 10 per centum: Match. Leigh and Mathon . . . . 60 00 00 To the officers of the Staff. Town of Eyre of Abberley except taken out 10 08 04 . . . . . 31 05 00 Such was the scheme. If it could have been carried out in its entirety it might have done much to save the situation. It was, however, doomed to failure. It could only be binding on the Royalists, and there were a number of persons in the county, far more than is generally supposed, who were not Royalists, but quiet persons who only wanted to be left alone. These felt the plundering, and probably became the nucleus of those " Clubmen " who were such a thorn in the side of the Royalists in 1645. The orders did not satisfy the Cavaliers. They requested the Sheriff Sir Roland Berkeley to call a county meeting to take 181 ANNALS. steps to put a stop "to the intolerable grievances which the county had so long undergone by the daily incursions, plunders, rapines and murders committed by the forces raised (as pretended) by power of Parliament." The Sheriff did so, and the meeting was held at the Town Hall, Worcester, on the 6th December 1644 at 9 in the morning. The following is the notice calling the meeting : — P- 463- At the City of Worcester the 26th of November 1644. At an especial meeting there, when were present some of the Nobility, the Governor of the said City, the greatest part of Justices and Gentry together with the principal Grand Jury Men and others the Freeholders of the said County. It was by them resolved and directed that a particular and public sessions for the whole body of this County should be summoned and held at the Townhall within the said City on Friday the sixth day of December next by 9 of the clock in the morning. And there unto shall be called and warned, all the Nobility Justices of the Peace Gentry and Clergy; together with all the free holders and copyholders for lives or years of any lands or tenements of the yearly value of 40" and upwards to make their personal appearance at the said day time and place to consult and assent to some present and speedy course for the removing of those extreme pressures and intolerable grievances which this County hath for so long undergone by the daily Incursions, Plunders, Rapines and Murders committed by the forces raised (as is pretended) by power of Parliament. It is therefore ordered that notice and warning be given to all the said persons and Inhabitants of this County accordingly. And the Ministers of each p. 464. parish to read and publish as the High Constables and Petty Constables are hereby stvictlv required at their perils fully and punctually to perforin their utmost endeavours in warning and reading this order in their several Churches and Chapels throughout this County on Sunday next in the forenoon of that day. And that duly fail not at the same day and place to return in writing the names of all such as they have summoned with the particular answers of every of them. Dated at Worcester the day and year above-written. Row. Berkeley, Vic. To the Minister, Constable and Tything men within the parish of ANNALS. 183 The meeting was well attended ; 2 1 signed their names, headed by the Earl of Shrewsbury. They arrived at a decision to petition the King to enable the county to " associate " itself with Salop, Hereford, Stafford, Monmouth, and other neighbour ing counties, which would make them so formidable a body as would force the enemy into obedience. The petition is as follows : — p. 767. To the King's most excellent Majesty. The humble petition of the Nobility, Gentry, Clergy, Freeholders and others your Majesty's most loyal subjects in the County of Worcester. Agreed upon at a sessions held at Worcester the sixth day of December 1644 with the consent and approbation of the Grand Jury Humbly sheweth That during this unhappy war your Petitioners have not felt any wound so deep as those many and undutiful refusals of your Majesty's most gracious messages for peace, whereby your Majesty in the act of greatest piety to your people, suffered the worst contempt, A"d we (in the height of our hopes) are deprived of any sudden remedy to our present miseries. But as your Majesty cannot be discouraged from presenting your so pious desires, neither can we lose all thought of obtain ing a happy treaty by addressing ourselves with a Remonstrance of our calamities to your Lords and Commons now at Westminster. We humbly therefore desire your Majesty would be graciously pleased to give us licence to follow the example of other counties in this way, that either by accommodation this Kingdom may be restored to its former splendour and happiness, or if so necessitated, draw a resolution by the sword to assist your Majesty, and to redeem ourselves from the insolency and slavery, we already in part suffer, and hereafter in a far larger measure must expect. p. 768. With this protestation to the world that with the expense of our lives and fortunes, we will continue still in the maintenance of the protestant religion as it hath been established and practised in the time of Queen Elizabeth and King James of blessed memory against all seditious and factious innovations, as also in defence of your Majesty's person, undoubted rights and prerogatives of your Crown, the just privileges of Parliament, the maintenance of the known laws of the kingdom and the liberty and property of the subject; and to the better effecting of the said our loyal intentions for your Majesty's service and 184 ANNALS. our own safety, we humbly desire your Majesty that we may put our selves under commanders of our own choosing into such a condition of defence, as our county may be able to resist invasions, and by associating ourselves with the counties of Salop, Hereford, Stafford, Monmouth, and other neighbouring counties we may rise in so powerful a considerable body as may force our enemies to a due obedience and resettle your Majesty in that throne which must continue sacred against the impiety of all rebellion. Grand Jury Men. Wm Muckley Jo. Fuet Jo. Lench Ed. Davies Jo. Colles Jo. Newport Walt. Hill Jo. Browning Gilbert Norton Tho. Wheeler Hen. Bromley Tho. Pakington Tho. Gower Hen. Hackett Tho. Burlton Shrewsbury George Blunt Tho. Horniold Jo. Pakington Jo. Winford Edw. Dingley Hen. Townshend Willm Canning [Justices.] Rob. Throgmorton Willm Habington Gilbert Gerrard, Governor Willm Russell Martin Sandys Edw. Pitt Rob. Wylde Willm Sheldon Tho. Acton Rowl. Berkeley, Sheriff Ralph Clare Sam. Sandys Hen. Ingram Antho. Langton Divines. Tho. Warmestry Herbert Crofts Wm Panting Nath. Chalis It was resolved that the Clergy should petition separately. There were only four of them present ; they appointed Dr. Thomas Warmestry, who after the restoration became Dean, and the Rector of Holt, William Panting, to sign on their behalf. The petition was presented to the King at the Court at Oxford by Sir John Pakington and Col. Samuel Sandys. The meeting also resolved to present a petition to Parliament asking for peace, and drew up the following document : — p. 771. To the right Honblc the Lords and Commons assembled in the Parliament at Westminster. The declaration and petition of the Nobility, Gentry, Clergy, Free holders, and others his Majesty's Loyal Subjects of the county of ANNALS. 185 Worcester agreed upon at a Sessions held at Worcester the sixth day »f December 1644 with the consent and approbation of the Grand Jury. After so sad and sorrowful a view as we have taken of these great distractions that have of late befallen this Church and State, and after so many gracious offers of peace proposed by his sacred Majesty unto you without that effect that was hoped for we hold ourselves now at length engaged in the discharge of our consciences to make this address unto you. Wherein first we have thought it our duty to put you in mind that you received your authority from his Majesty, and a great part of you your election and designation from your Country ; Not that you should either oppress him or destroy us ; But that you might assist him by your sage and humble advice for the good both of his Majesty and this Nation, whereby our Religion might have been preserved unto us, not according to the fancies of factious and tumultuous spirits, But according to the rule of God's word ; Our peace and liberty might have been secured, our lives and estates guarded, according to the Rules of Justice, and the known laws of this Kingdom. Without any intention that you should attempt any alteration of the blessed Government of Monarchy which we and our ancestors have for long enjoyed in the confluence of so p. 772. many blessings under his sacred Majesty and his Predecessors whose sovereignity as you and we have sworn unto so are we resolved (as we are bound) to maintain with our lives and estates. But being hitherto disappointed of our hopes, and in consideration of this unnatural civil war we have presumed to address our humble petition to his sacred Majesty that we might apply ourselves to you for such your timely compliance with his Majesty as may most tend to the glory of our God, His Majesty's and your own Honours, and the promised prosperity of this so near ruined a nation, And that you would cheerfully receive such propositions for peace as shall be offered to you from his Majesty; otherwise to present such propositions unto him as may extenuate, and not exasperate, such as may become subjects to offer, and a prince to accept, such as may occasion his Majesty's greatest glory to be in you, and your chiefest joy in Him and our greatest happiness in you both. All that we all shall pray will be no more than what you both profess and declare. Viz. The maintenance of the true protestant religion established in the Church of England, The undoubted rights and prerogatives of the King, The ancient and fundamental laws of the Kingdom (our birthright and inheritance), by which alone we enjoy both our liberty and our property, B B i86 ANNALS. etc. And the just and known privileges of Parliament. If our peaee P- 773- may not be settled by you upon these terms, We are resolved to engage our lives and fortunes (as one man) with his Majesty for obtaining thereof. It does not appear what reception the petition met with, but, like so many others, it effected nothing. The King at once answered the Worcester petition. On the 1 8th December a reply was sent by Secretary Nicholas. It was as favourable as could be expected. p. 769. At the Court at Oxford the xviijth day of Dec. 1644. His Majesty having perused and considered this petition together with the other to the Lords and Commons assembled at Westminster hath commanded me to return this answer. That his Majesty cannot enough express the great sense he hath of the loyalty, courage and affection of the Petitioners, and generally of the County, which as his Majesty himself can never forget, so he doubts not his posterity will remember with the same value and estimation. His Majesty ever well approves and commends the inclination and intention of the petitioners to make an address to those for a blessed and happy peace, by whose consent it may be safely had ; It being evident to all the world how solicitously and sincerely his Majesty desires the same, and it not being possible for any prudent man to believe that this condition in which (besides his Compassion and grief of heart for the sufferings and calamities of his people) his Majesty p. 770. personally suffers and undergoes such visible and known wants, and difficulties, can be pleasant to him, or that he would submit to it for less considerations than the Preservation of Religion, Law, Liberty, Parliament, Monarchy, without which this poor nation must be brought to the extremest confusion. His Majesty hopes that this Declaration and resolution of the Petitioners, with whom he doubts not many other counties will associate, and which he particularly and especially recommends to the Counties mentioned in the Petition, will amount to such a publication of the affections and desires of his people, to the same peace which is wished and pursued by his Majesty, That other men who are of different opinions may ANNALS. 187 be brought to concur with them and therefore his Majesty especially recommends the expediting of this association with all possible and convenient speed, in which they shall receive all assistance and encouragement from his Majesty. And he is to that purpose willing that they put themselves under Colonels and inferior officers of their own choice; and his Majesty recommends to them such field officers as both with reference to their quality and experience shall be necessary for the advancement of so important a service. Ed. Nicholas. On the 26th November the Commissioners held a meeting at which they considered the number of assessors for the parish of Elmley Lovett, and reduced them to five. p. 231, in another hand. Martis xxvith die Novembris 1644 in the chamber of the Townhall in the City of Worcester. Sir Gilbert Gerard, Governor. Sir Rowland Berkeley, Vic. Edward Dingley "t, Commis- Sir Ralph Clare. Robert Wylde > sioners Sir John Winford. Anthony Langston J present. Whereas assessors were formerly nominated for the parish of Elmley Lovet for the valuing and assessing every man's estate there by the pound for the more equal payment of the contribution monies of this county : And that is now informed that there are so many named there as do rather breed a confusion than settlement of the business according to the said commissioners' former order. It is therefore thought fit and so now ordered by the said Governor and Commissioners that the number of Assessors shall be reduced to five only. And that Anthony Acton, gent., and Humphrey Thatcher, John Best, senr, John Barnard and William Feild shall be assessors there for the more equal assessing, rating and valuing of every man's estate there by the pound, And what the said assessors or the major part of them shall consent unto and agree upon with the consent of Mr Townshend and M* Leach, Lords of the Manor there shall be reputed and held, and shall stand as the Assess ment of the said parish for the payment of the monthly contributions and the extraordinary charges of the constable in and for his Majesty's service and the military affairs of this county. And that if the said P- 232- assessors or the major part of them shall refuse and neglect to do their 188 ANNALS. duties herein the whole contribution shall be laid on them and paid by them for their said contempt: and it is likewise ordered that the said assessors shall give notice to the said parishioners what days, time and place they meet to make and set down the said rates and assessment to the end that all the said parishioners may then and there appear if they so please, and give true information and satisfaction touching the values of every man's particular estate and touching all complaints and objections that may happen in or about the said business. Copia extracta per Stephen Richardson, Cleric. Com. This concludes the documents for 1644. It will have been noticed that although the county saw a great deal of fighting during the year, there is no mention of any of it in the Diary. All the entries relate to the government of the county, and go to shew how great was the burden that had to be borne, especially when it is remembered that the Diary only gives us the burdens imposed by the Royalists and omits all mention of those imposed by the Parliament, which were quite as heavy, if not heavier, than those of the Royalists. ( i«9 ) CHAPTER VII. 1645. The question of a union of Worcestershire with adjoining counties for defensive purposes, " associating," as it was called, largely occupied the attention of the county gentlemen at the end of 1 644. Quarter Sessions had been held in December at which the proposals were very strongly urged, with the result that a com mittee consisting of the Earl of Shrewsbury, Sir William Russell, Sir Ralph Clare and Henry Bromley of Holt, who was next on the rota as Sheriff" for the county, were appointed to send out proposals to the counties of Stafford, Salop, Hereford and Monmouth asking that representatives might be appointed to meet with a view to enter into an " association." Warwick shire was already associated for the Parliament with Leicester, and Gloucester was far too strongly a Parliament county to entertain the idea of associating with Worcester ; even if it had done so, with Massey at Gloucester it would have been quite impossible to have carried it out. Townshend gives a copy of the invitation sent to Salop : — • P- 775- The County having received his Majesty's gracious answer at their meeting, Monday the 30th of Dec. 1644. It was agreed by the Bench and Grand Jury, that 4 should be deputed for the County to meet the like number to treat concerning the expediting of the particulars for the Associations in the other invited counties ; for this County were nomi nated John E. of Shrewsbury, Sir W. Russell, Sir Ralph Clare and Hf Bromley de Holt, Esq1'15, elect Sheriff, who sent to the Counties of 19° ANNALS. Salop, Hereford, Stafford, and Monmouth letters for a general meeting as followeth : — To the Honourable the High Sheriff and Commissioners for the County of Salop. Sir. In pursuance of his Majesty's gracious answer to the petition of this county (the copy whereof is here inclosed sent you) This county hath authorized us to invite you, and other neighbouring shires into such an association as may make our endeavours most considerable to his Majesty's service and our own preservation. That as we owe to him one common duty and have one and the same enemy, so we may enter into one common league to serve ourselves, and if possible to redeem by our assistance and example other counties from the oppres sions they groan under. We desire you therefore to procure such p. 776. authority to the like number of Gentlemen as we are to treat. And that you would think upon Ludlow as a place of most conveniency on Thursday being the ixth of this instant January for the time for this meeting ; or to give us notice if you will determine of any other place or time that we may use such dispatch in this great affair as the neces sity and weight of it urgeth. And we shall be ready to dispense with all private interests to attend the Public and manifest to the world how active our loyalty will be to his Majesty's advantage. And how sensible the common Miseries we are involved in make us to shew ourselves Your servants, Shrewsbury. Wore, Ist Jan. 1644. W. Russell. R. Clare. H. Bromley. A copy of the order of the Sessions authorizing the Justices to treat with the neighbouring counties is then given : — p. 777. Jan. 70, 1644. Whereas the great inquest at this present sessions have desired that the Right Honourable John, Earl of Shrewsbury, Sir Will. Russell Baronet, Sir Ralph Clare, K* of the Bath, and Hen. Bromley, Esqre, now High Sheriff of the said County, would be pleased to meet four of the Gentlemen of every of the Counties of Staffs., Heref., Salop and Mon mouth* to treat with them touching the Association to be had of the said counties according to this County's Petition of the 6th day of December * Monmouth is left out after this. ANNALS. 19I last and his Majesty's gracious answer thereunto. It is thereupon desired that the said Earl of Shrewsbury, Sir Will. Russell, and Sir Ralph Clare and Hen. Bromley, Esq", would be pleased to treat with the Gentlemen of the said Counties touching the same. We are hereby authorized by this Court to meet at such time and places as to them shall seem meet; to treat and conclude the said Association as they shall conceive most advantageous for his Majesty's service and preser vation of this County. Fr. Walker, Clerk of the peace per curiam. An immediate response was received from the counties asked to form the association. Their first step was to present the following petition to the King : — p- 779- To the King's most excellent Majesty. The Noblemen and Gentlemen intrusted for the associating the Counties of Worcester, Salop, Hereford and Stafford Humbly sheweth — That we having with a loyal resentment observed your Majesty's authority violated by the insolent Rebellion of a faction, which counties in one confusion and ruin to involve your unquestionable Rights and our liberty, Have (according to your Majesty's order and direction) associated ourselves, with a resolution to venture the last of our lives and fortunes in defence and maintenance of the true protestant Religion as it hath been established and practised in the times of Queen Elizabeth and King James of famous memory against all seditious and factious innovations. And of that power which by all Laws (human and divine) is inherent in your sacred person. And in vindication of Just Privileges of Parliament and of that freedom and propriety which is the subject's best Birthright. And this we have undertaken with the more alacrity and confidence of p. 780. success, having had so many royal assurances that your Majesty endea vours by this war only to restore us to that happy condition of peace, which by no gracious invitation of the enemy to a treaty can be obtained. And that during this war your Majesty will order that as near as the necessity of the times can admit our ancient laws shall be observed in force and reputation, For the soldier assuming a liberty to rapine and insolence, hath discharged the subject and thrown him into a confused despair. Seeing the sweat of his most honest labours serve only to rise up disorder and riot, in the interim our Garrisons weakly supplied, *92 AnNals. our fortifications neglected, our frontiers laid waste, And in the most inward parts of this County no man's person secured. We therefore to preserve your loyal subjects in more ability and courage for your Majesty's service, And to provide a summary of such able bodies as may continually be supplies for your Militia And to hinder all un necessary charges of the soldier merely of fortune (which defend and destroy us at once) having resolved (with your Majesty's consent and approbation) to arm ourselves in such a powerful way that we probably believe the Counties shall be secured by their own power, And be in p. 781. readiness when your Majesty's occasions shall draw you hither, to have such an army as shall be able to encounter the strongest and most able bodies of your enemies for the effecting of these our Loyal intentions in all humility we beseech your Majesty's assent to these ensuing propo sitions. The representatives then proceeded to state the proposals forming the basis on which the association was to rest — Prince Charles (the Prince of Wales) to be General, every man between 16 and 60 to be liable for service. The force thus raised to elect their own officers, but not to be subject to martial law. No billeting soldiers upon them, no more money than was necessary to pay the actual number of men serving to be demanded, rents of all confiscated estates in the area to be used for the public service. The various points are of interest as shewing the evils that pressed most hardly on those who supported the King, and to which they were subjected by the King's officers. The articles are as follows : — p. 781. January xia 1644. Propositions made at a meeting of the Lords and Gentlemen of the Associated Counties of Worcester, Salop, Hereford and Stafford. 1. That your Majesty would be pleased to declare Prince Charles His Highness to be General of these Associated Counties ; as well of the Forces to be raised, as of those that are already raised for the service of his Majesty and safeguarding of the County. 2. That every man within every of these Associated Counties from the age of 16 to 60 shall upon summons from the Sheriff appear at such Annals. 193 time and place as shall be appointed. Armed according to his present ability for the purpose hereafter expressed, and whosoever shall refuse to appear shall be declared to be an enemy to peace, his King, and Country. p. 782. That the forces so raised for the particular designs of waiting upon your Majesty to demand peace, and for defence of these several Counties may be understood to be in the nature of the Posse Comitatus and may have leave to choose their own Colonels, Lieutenant Colonels, sergeant- Majors, Captains, Lieutenants and other inferior officers. And put themselves in a posture of defence, and may not be subject to the martial law but all offences committed by them may be tried by the Commission of Oyer and Terminer and Commissions of the peace. And that such forces may not be drawn forth of their respective Counties, otherwise than to wait upon your Majesty at such time as all other associated Counties shall appear in one body to attend your Majesty to demand peace, or for the mutual assistance of some of the associated Counties. 4. That * or more of the Gentlemen of every one of these Asso ciated Counties (humbly presented to your Majesty by the respective Counties) may have full authority from your Majesty (in the Prince of Wales his absence) to regulate the forces to be raised upon this associa- p. 783. tion and to meet as often as they shall [find] convenient for the service and may have the Honour to be of His Highness Council in all things that concern the said association And also of his Highness Council and Court of War, for the ordering of all differences which may arise between the soldier and the subject in each particular County. 5. That if any of the inhabitants of any of the associated Counties shall be taken prisoner by the Enemy, that there may be power given to exchange them for such persons as shall be taken by any of the asso ciated forces. 6. That the Inhabitants within these associated Counties paying their contribution shall have no free quarter put upon them. And if any soldiers shall come to enforce quarter, or do any other violence or injury contrary to the book of Orders made at Oxford, it shall be lawful for the Inhabitants there to make resistance. 7. That for the encouragement of the payment of the Monthly con tribution in every respective County, your Majesty may be pleased to give power and command to the Commissioners for the safeguarding of * Blank in MS. 194 ANNALS. each County by themselves or such as they or the greater number of p. 784. them shall appoint to take frequent musters of all the soldiers within the several Garrisons of the said Counties, or any of them, and to examine the truth thereof, And that what officer soever shall demand pay for more men than he can bring upon duty may be proceeded against and punished according to the book of Articles for the regulating of your Majesty's armv. And that your Majesty would likewise authorize the said Commissioners to appoint Collectors and Treasurers for the receiving and issuing out Contributions. And the Commanders of all the Garrisons within the Association may give particular accounts to the said Commissioners or to such as they shall appoint of all the moneys they or their officers have received either for contribution or fortifications or otherwise for the support of their Garrisons. 8. That your Majesty would be pleased to grant the benefit of all Delinquent's estates within the said Counties for the support of the public service of these several Counties to be received and disposed of (upon accounts) by the said Commissioners or by such as they shall p. 785. appoint And that all such grants as have been made to any particular person may be resumed. 9. That your Majesty would be pleased to recall all protections granted to any persons that have any estates in these several Counties and are in rebellion or live voluntary in the enemy's quarters. 10. That no officer or soldier within these associated Counties shall apprehend any person or persons whatsoever or seize any of his or their goods and chattels upon pretence of delinquency unless he bring the person's goods and chattels so seized immediately to the chief garrison of the said County and there make entry of the cause of such seizure in the Treasurer's books of entries and the goods so seized to be disposed of by the Commissioners according to your Majesty's book of Orders and Proclamations for the regulating of the war. And in case any officer or soldier offend contrary to this order, his seizure of the said goods and chattels to be taken as a Theft and Robbery, and the Party so offending to be delivered over to the power of the Common law, there to receive a legal trial for his offence. p. 786. n. That it shall not be in the power ot any Governor of any of your Majesty's Garrisons, Commander, Officer, or soldier within the said Asso ciation to send his or their Letters or warrants to any person or persons ANNALS. 1 95 whatsoever for any sum or sums of money, He or they shall please to demand : or to imprison any person or persons till he or they have paid such sum or sums of money demanded of them. And that if any Governor or other Commander or soldier shall take any householder from his own house who lives within these associated counties and pays his Contribution, that the Commissioners may have power to send for any such person or persons from the said Garrison, and cause him to be tried upon any accusation against him by the Commission of Oyer and Terminer, and that such person or persons may not be kept in prison till they be enforced to ransom themselves with money. 12. That for a continuing of a right understanding between the p. 787. soldier in pay and the forces thus raised your Majesty would be pleased to declare that if any officer or soldier in pay shall presume to put any affront or insolence upon any Commissioner, Justice of the peace or officer employed in your Majesty's service in this association and safe guarding of the County, the person so offending may [be] held disturbers of the peace of these counties and have such public and exemplary punishment as your Majesty shall be pleased to enable the said Com missioners or the greater part of them to inflict upon them. The Petition was presented to the King at Oxford. The petitioners could hardly have expected that the King would assent to all their demands. To some he did : they were allowed to form an association for the King's assistance and their own protection ; but while the Prince of Wales was appointed General and a number of the points were in appearance accepted, with true Stuart duplicity the concessions were granted in such a way that the King and his officers could evade them at pleasure. Townshend gives the following account : — p. 789. The petition and propositions were presented to his Majesty by the Commissioners of the associated Counties at Oxford, where upon con sultation it was resolved by his Majesty that there should be a Commis sion sent to the several counties of the association, wherein his Majesty gave them power to associate themselves to be the better enabled for his assistance and their own protection, and other gracious powers. The heads of which commission (which is very long) are as followeth. 196 ANNALS. Commissioners: John Earl of Shrewsbury, Hen. Bromley Esqr sheriff of the County, Sir William Russell Bart., Sir Ralph Clare K' of the Bath, Edward Pitt Esq1',* Commissioners for the association for the County of Worcester. The preamble. Whereas our loyal subjects, the noblemen, gentlemen, freeholders and others of our Counties of Worcester, Salop, Hereford and Stafford and cities thereof, out of a true sense of their own and the kingdom's miseries occasioned by the present unnatural rebellion; and a due care of preservation of the reformed Protestant religion, our rights and honour, The privileges of Parliament and the liberty and properties of themselves, etc., have resolved by our leave to put themselves in arms, and as one man to join together and repair towards London and become petitioners to the Lords and Commons at Westminster for a just and equal recon ciliation of these unhappy differences, etc., and for settling the peace of p. 790. the kingdom again by a good accomodation, etc. And petitioned the Prince Charles, etc., to be their General, And that five or more gentlemen of every one of the associated counties may be authorized by us, etc., and have such powers, privileges as are specified in several propositions annexed, etc. To any of the 5 Commissioners or 3 of them. 1. Full power to any 3 of the said Commissioners to send their warrants unto the Sheriff of the County and City to summon all persons above 16 and under 60 to appear armed, and to put themselves into a posture to be listed under commanders, And who shall refuse is to be counted an enemy to the King, his peace and country, Notwithstanding which 600 men must be impressed by the 21 of March next. 2. Power unto any 3 Commissioners by the direction of the County to propose unto Prince or Court the names of Colonels, and unto those Colonels power to propose all other inferior officers which being approved by Prince or Court may have their Commissions and the said Colonels in their Commissions to have authority for the impressing of arms. 3. Power to 3 of the Commissioners to list the said officers which shall be raised to be in nature of a posse comitatus and shall not be subject to the martial law, but to the common law or such other laws and ordinances as by the Prince or his etc. shall be made etc. and one of each County present. * This Edward Pytts, who was not nominated by Quarter Sessions, was the father-in- law of Henry Bromley. ANNALS. I97 4. That the forces shall not be drawn out the respective counties, but for the mutual assistance of the said associated counties with the consent of 3 of the Commissioners or to wait upon the design of demanding peace together with all other Counties associated for that purpose with one of the Commissioners of each County and convenient strength to be p. 791. left in the several Counties, and power to exchange prisoners in the Governor or Lieut.-Governor's absence, and to command in his presence an exchange. 5- For the maintaining of those forces power is given to any 3 Commissioners to make and settle rates for contribution upon all the inhabitants as they shall think fit with the consent of the county and city being thereunto summoned by way of Grand jury or otherwise where the custom is otherwise, and the clergy to pay their rates according to the orders made at Oxford, and to be paid by such ways and means as you shall think fit. 6. That such persons as shall pay the contribution to be raised for this service and such other contribution as is already rated and settled for the maintenance of the other armies shall not have any free quarter imposed upon him but for one night in time of a march and that by express order etc. and if any soldier whatsoever shall enforce any free quarter contrary to the orders made at Oxford etc. it shall be lawful for any inhabitant within the association to make resistance. 7. For the encouragement of the payment of the monthly contribu tions already settled, such as the Commissioners shall appoint shall take the muster of all the soldiers' pay, And the false musters to be certified, and punished by the Commanders in chief, etc. And by the consent of the County they are to appoint collectors and Treasurers for the collect ing and issuing out of contributions And to cause all commanders of Garrisons and others to give an account of any money, plate, goods, chattels or other profit which they have received for or by colour of this war. 8. Power to the Commanders to receive the benefit of all delinquent's estates and fines and compositions to be made with delinquents to be employed for the support of this public service, notwithstanding any grant to any other, or protection to any person, etc. And also the one moiety of all moneys which are or shall be raised by the Excise and by the advice of the Lords and Commons at Oxford to demand the same of the Commissioners for excise. 9. Power to the Commissioners to impose upon all lay and ecclesi astical persons, widows or committees of their lands of wards, such pro- c I98 ANNALS. portions of arms of all sorts as shall by them be thought convenient for them respectively to find according to their several abilities, to be delivered by their discretion to such persons as shall be listed for this service, which are of ability of body but not of estate to provide them, etc. And to examine every inhabitant upon their oaths what arms they have or in any other hands for their use. p. 792. Not to take any arms without warrant from you. 10. That it shall not be in the power of any Governor of Garrisons, Commanders, etc., to send his letters or warrant to any person within this association for any sum of money, horses, or other goods. ' And that no person shall be apprehended by any officer or soldier whatsoever as a delinquent, or person disaffected, unless it be by warrant under the hands of 3 of the Commissioners etc. in the absense of Prince etc. except it be by warrant of some Governor upon extraordinary occasions, and then not to detain above 2 hours, unless they show good cause to the Com missioners. 11. If any householder which payeth contribution within the asso ciation be apprehended by any Governor the Commissioners shall send their warrant for him with the cause of commitment to be tried by the Commissioners of Oyer and Terminer, And the goods of any persons shall not be seized but by warrant from the Commissioners, And those to be brought unto the city there to be entered into the book of entries of the Treasurer. And to be disposed for the use of this service. And in case any officer or soldier do offend contrary to this declaration, such seizure of -any goods and chattels shall be taken as theft and robbery, and to. be proceeded against at the common law as if they were not soldiers of the Army. 12. Wardships to be freed, of any that die or be killed in our ser vice, And if it be for Copyholds or leaseholds, that the Lord of the manor do renew the estate to the wife or child without paying anything. And upon refusal, accounted an unworthy member of his country, And power to such persons by lawful means to enforce them. Instruction to P. C. his Capt. G. Lieut. G. to conform themselves to their advice And in all their othe'r proceedings seriously to weigh their advices. P.C. — To receive any other counties in this association. Certain place appointed for executing this commission and one of every County at least to be present. All Mayors, Sheriffs, Justices of peace, Constables, Tythingmen and all subjects to be aiding and assisting to you and all your officers. All Governors where you shall for this service to receive you and AnNalS. 199 your attendants and provide for you and them all convenient accomo dation during their stay. Provision of corn, etc., to be had for Garrisons by special warrant, etc., in the owner's own custody, or in custody of the Commissioners for support of the Garrisons, and security of the Enemy, And if the Enemy shall come to be destitute of it. Oxford, Feb. n° Car. 20, 1644. In order to give the association a fair start, Charles on the 26th February 1645 issued the following proclamation regulating the soldiers in the united counties of Salop, Worcester, Hereford and Stafford, and the cities of Worcester, Hereford and Lich field :— p. 799. By the King. A Proclamation for the regulating of his Majesty's Soldiers in the associated Counties of Salop, Worcester, Hereford and Stafford, And Cities of Worcester, Hereford And Lichfield. That there may be a right understanding and a fair carriage between the Soldiers in pay, and the forces to be raised by virtue of the Associa tion of those Counties and Cities : His Majesty cloth hereby declare and command, That if any officer or soldier in pay shall presume to put any affront or insolence upon any Commissioner, Justice of the Peace, or officer employed in his Majesty's service, or shall injure any of his Majesty's subjects whatsoever within the said counties or cities, either in their persons or estates, That the person so offending shall be held a disturber of the peace of those Counties and Cities, and have public and exemplary punishment of death, or otherwise, according to the strictest discipline of war, inflicted upon him for the same. And his Majesty doth further declare and command, That if any soldier or soldiers shall be found straggling without a Furlough or Ticket, either from his or their Colonel, or from the Governor of the Garrison, where for that time he or p. 800. they do, or shall serve, That every such straggling soldier shall be pro ceeded against according to the course of the common Laws of this Realm by his Majesty's Commission of Oyer and Terminer, both for so departing from his commander, and likewise for any other offence which he shall then commit (according to the nature thereof) without having any respect to his quality of being a soldier, or under command of the ioO Annals; officers of the army, as unworthy of that name and protection in such a case. And his Majesty doth likewise charge and command by these presents all Commanders in Chief and all Colonels, Governors, and other Commanders and officers of his army, and Garrisons; to publish this his proclamation and by their respective warrants and orders to com mand a due obedience to be yielded thereunto ; And doth also command all his said Commissioners of Oyer and Terminer to be careful of the execution of his pleasure for the peace and quiet of those Counties and Cities, of which he hath deservedly so great a care as they and every of them will answer their neglects at their peril. Given at His Majesty's Court at Oxford this 26tt day of February in the 20th year of his Majesty's reign. 1644. God save the King. The association created a great deal of feeling. It led to the formation of bodies among the yeomen and smaller farmers which became known as " Clubmen," and which were fated to give much trouble. The Sessions did not content themselves with bringing about an association of counties ; they tried to get some change made in the existing state of affairs in the county. At the Michaelmas Sessions 1644 they had made a presentment to Sir Gilbert Gerrard, the Governor of Worcester and the King's Commissioner for the county, setting out their grievances and asking for distinct relief.* This they now repeated at the Epiphany Sessions 1645. Townshend gives the following docu ments as the record of their proceedings : — p. 489. Wigorn. SS. Ad generalem Sessionem pacis Imperio Regis tenentem apud Wigorniam pro Comitatem prsedictam septimo die Januarii vicessimo Caroli Regis. Whereas the great Inquest sworn to inquire for the body of the County of Worcester at the general Sessions of the peace holden at Worcester for the County aforesaid the sixth day of October last past then made their presentment to the Right Honourable Sir Gilbert Gerrard, Knight, Governor of the City of Worcester, and to the rest of * See ante, p. 1 74. Annals. iof the King's Majesty's Commissioners for the safeguarding of the said County of Worcester in these words (viz.). The grand Inquest for our Sovereign Lord the King being sensible of the miseries of this County are bold to offer unto your Honour and the rest of the worshipful Commissioners these propositions here following (viz.). First. That henceforward all orders made by the Governor and Commissioners may be certain and public that so the County may know what to obey : and not be subject to private and cross orders. Second. That no man's goods be distrained or seized on, nor his person imprisoned but by express warrant from the Governor under his hand, or four of the Commissioners. p. 490. Thirdly. That all soldiers either Horse or foot may be quartered in the Garrison towns or boroughs of this County and not in the country, unless it be upon a March as they pass through the County; And if any violence shall be offered to any of his Majesty's subjects, in this County as they pass as aforesaid, that every Officer [to] whom such soldiers shall belong may give satisfaction for the same, or else the parties so offending may be brought to condign punishment. Fourthly. All Contribution monies may be paid accordingly to Prince Rupert's order, half in provision and half in monies, at the Country's choice.* And that in case any person shall neglect the payments of the Contribution assessed upon him, that every person so neglecting may suffer in his own person or estate and be at the whole charge of the Collection of the same, And that none of his neighbours may be molested, nor suffer by quartering who have paid the Contribution aforesaid. Fifthly. That whensoever any person of this County shall be neces sitated to defend their persons or Estates from the Rapine and Plunder p. 491. of the Soldiers, or other Injuries, they may not therefore be called and tried by a Court of War, but by the Common law of this land, it being every subject's Inheritance according to a late order of the Parliament at Oxford and his Majesty's gracious Proclamation herein. Sixthly. That no strange forces shall continue within this County but upon their march for a night, and upon complaint thereof made to the Governor or Commissioners the forces of the County shall go speedily to force their removal. * See ante, p. 161. 202- ANNALS. Seventhly. That it may be lawful for all the Inhabitants of this County to deduct out of their monthly Contribution all such sums of money which shall hereafter become due for quartering either foot or horse. Lastly. We do also agree that the 19th, 20th, 2i3t Months' Contri bution shall continue at the Rate of ^3000 a month, the one half in money and the other half in provision and to be paid monthly at the Rates specified in Prince Rupert's Orders, provided always that these propositions may be performed, otherwise the Contribution to cease. That whensoever any soldiers Horse or foot shall commit any rdbbery or violence the Country may rise upon them and bring them to justice. p. 492. That the Commissioners are desired from time to time as often as they shall think fit to muster all the horse and foot of this County And that no officer shall receive pay for any more soldiers than he shall truly muster of his own. That no soldiers nor officers shall send for any Hay, Corn, or provender but shall pay for the same ready money accor ding to Prince Rupert's order* (unless it be in the parishes which are assigned for their quarters) as is hereafter mentioned. Hay per tod ...... hijd Oats per strike . Peas and beans per strike Grass per week Straw per load . Cheese per hundred . And the worst ijd , Butter per pound Bacon per pound Wheat per strike Muncorn per strike . Rye per Strike . vjd ob. pound. per lb. XVllj" ij8 jjs v[i Vs of best. iiij ob.d iiij* »ijs "J njs P- 493- We humbly desire his Highness Prince Rupert's confirmation of this our presentment, and that the same may be read and published -in all Churches within the County of Worcester for the ratifying and con firming of which said presentment the Governor of the City of Worcester the justices of peace, and the Commissioners for the safeguarding of the said County did then give their consent, and copies of the same present ment were according to the desire of the great Inquest sent to the several High Constables of this County and by them sent to all the Petty Con- * See ante, p. 162. ANNALS. 203 Stables within the several divisions of the Hundreds of the said County to the end that the same presentment might be read in all parish Churches and Chapels of this County which was performed accordingly that the Inhabitants of the said County might know what was by them to be performed, and the better to encourage them to pay their Monthly Con tribution towards the maintenance of the King's Majesty's soldiers appointed for the defence of the County and City of Worcester. And whereas the great Inquest at this present sessions have presented it as one of the grievances of this County that the said presentment hath not been performed by some of the Captains and other his Majesty's soldiers in regard divers places and parishes of this County which have p. 494. constantly paid their monthly Contribution have been not only con strained to give free quarter to the Soldiers which are appointed for the defence of this County but also to give free quarter to strange forces which do not belong to this County, and have not had any allowance for the same out of their Contribution money or any other wages. And that some of the Captains which have the Contribution allotted unto them have refused to receive the one half thereof in provision contrary to his Highness Prince Rupert's order and contrary to the presentment of the said great Inquest. By means whereof the Country hath been much impoverished. It was thereupon desired by the great Inquest at this present Sessions that the said presentment might be confirmed by the order of this Court ; And that the Commissioners for the safeguard ing of this County would do their endeavour to see the same present ment performed. It is thereupon ordered at this present Sessions with the consent of the Commissioners for the safeguarding of this County that the said presentment shall be confirmed by the order of this Court according to the desire of the said grand Inquest. The desire of the Grand Jury to let the county know that they were actively taking measures to bring about a better state of things in the county is of interest. They tried to make the county's monthly contribution dependent on their presentment being carried out, otherwise it was to cease, thereby carrying out the principle no money unless grievances redressed. The county was to rely on its own forces for its defence. Strange forces were only to pass through and not to stay. All monies paid for ZO4. ANNALS. quartering troops might be deducted from the monthly con tribution. Rupert was asked to confirm these orders, and they were to be read in every parish church in the county, so that the inhabitants might know what they could do to prevent being plundered. Townshend has preserved for us the names of the Grand Jurors who made this stand for the county's rights. They are thus given : — P- 495- Wigorn. Nomina juratorum ad inquirendum pro Domino Rege pro corpore Com. predictum die Martis proximo post festam. Epiphani Domini Anno xx° Caroli Regis. William Mucklow, armiger. John Bett, arr- John Washbourne, arr. Abell Gower, arr. Thomas Pakington, ar. Philip Brace, ar. Edward Davies, ar. John Lench, ar. Thomas Gower, ar. John Coles, ar. John Browning, gent. Robert Winton, gent. Henry Hackett, gent. Gilbert Norton, gent. William Hunt, gent. Walter Hill, gent. Thomas Burlton, gent. One of the proposals of the Grand Jury that the defence of the county was to be entrusted to the forces of the county made it necessary that someone should be appointed to call up the county forces when wanted, and in the meantime to take charge of the arms and ammunition, and be responsible for the musters being an effective body. It was the Sheriffs duty to call ANNALS. 205 out the forces of the county as and when required, and some one had to be appointed to assist him. The Sessions were of opinion that such person should be a county magistrate, who should report to each Quarter Sessions on the state of the magazines of powder, matches and bullets. They accordingly made the following order appointing Townshend to the office of Muster Master for the county : — p. 497. Wigorn. SS. Ad sessionem pacis Domini Regis tenentem apud Wigor- niam pro comitatu prsedicto sexto die Decembris Anno xx° Caroli Regis. Whereas the great Inquest of this present sessions presented it to the Court, that it was their desires that the Captains and officers should have their pay only allotted to them according to the number of men they have. And that the High Sheriff of this County for the time being might take a muster of them once every month according to the Military orders agreed upon at Oxford. And a considerable Gentleman of this county to be Muster Master to assist the sheriff. And he to take care also and give account of the Magazine, of Powder, Match, and Bullet to the country, at every of the General Quarter Sessions of the peace to be holden for this County. And the said Muster Master should have a reasonable allowance for the same. And then nominated Henry Townshend Esqre, one of the King's Majesty's Justices of the peace of p. 498. this County, And one of his Majesty's Commissioners for the safe guarding of the County to be Muster Master for the said County if he would please to accept the same. Which said desire of the said great Inquest the Court doth very well approve. It is thereupon desired by the King's Majesty's Justices of the peace of this County and by the Com missioners for the safeguarding of the same now present in Court that the said Mr Townshend would take upon him the< place and charge of being Muster Master of all the forces both Horse and foot, of this County which rece:ve pay of this County. And would take care of the Magazine, of Powder, Match, and Bullet of this County : And give an account of the proceedings herein at every general Quarter Sessions of the peace to be holden for this County. Per cur Fra. Walker, Clerc. pac. P 206 ANNALS. How these new orders would have worked, whether plunder ing could have been put down, is doubtful, for they never had a fair trial. The importance of Worcestershire was becoming recognized. Charles, too late as usual, took steps to make the best use of what had been so long neglected. In January 1645 he appointed his younger nephew, Prince Maurice, to be the Lieutenant-General of Worcestershire and the adjoining counties. Maurice at once took up his quarters at Worcester. His first step was to find out what were the orders in force and to make such new ones as might be required. Townshend thus relates it : — p. 498. Mem. his highness Prince Maurice coming as Lieut.-General of this and other Counties, desired the Commissioners for the safeguarding of the County to peruse all the. Orders made either at Oxford, by his brother Prince Rupert, and at the several sessions here held, and out of them to extract what was most fit and necessary for the peace of the County, and to add others as the variety of time did administer occasion, where upon these following orders were agreed on as follows. A new set of orders was accordingly issued for the county. They are dated 3rd February 1645, and are as follows : — p. 499. Feb. 30, 1644. Apud Wigorn. Wigorn. Comit. Upon Conference had with the Commissioners for the safeguarding of the County of Worcester, I do approve and order these ensuing particulars, as they are underwritten. 1. That the Contribution of £3000 per mensem be continued for the 22n4 month as the Grand Jury hath assigned to be paid the one half in money the other half in provisions (according to the rates agreed and set down by the Grand- Jury this last Sessions) at the Country's choice. 2. That with this Contribution according to his Highness Prince Maurice's consent with the Commissioners there shall be maintained 1600 Foot to be divided into 16 companies And 400 Horse into 5 troops with their officers' pay : The officers of the Staff, 16 Cannoneers and 16 Matrosses, with the discharge for Match and Gunpowder everv * In the margin of the articles in which a star is placed in the MS. the word " cont " appears. It is probable that this means that either Maurice or Quarter Sessions approved of those so marked, and not of the others. ANNALS. ICj common soldier allowed 38 6d per week and Trooper io» according to the establishment of his Majesty's Grand Council of War. 3. That the County and City shall be no longer subject to any free * quarter or billet of or for any horse or foot soldiers, otherwise than for a p. 500. night (as his Majesty's soldiers pass through) without present payment for the same in money, and upon complaint made thereof to the Gover nors of Worcester, Evesham, or Hartlebury the respective Governors with the Commissioners and the forces of the County after complaint made shall speedily cause their removal. And the officer in chief of such forces be punished for his contempt at a Court of War, according to the quality of his offence. Nor any soldiers whatever shall quarter with out an express order from his officer in chief in any house, who shall be answerable for any damage sustained by his soldiers to the party suffering. 4. And in case any soldier shall attempt to force his quarter without * order, they shall be brought before the Governor of Worcester or the next Garrison and there be liable to the answer of a Court of War. 5. That no officer or soldier whatsoever shall press or take any horses # by his or their own power, and that there shall be no plundering of Horses, Cattle or goods nor violence offered by any of the King's officers p. 501. or soldiers to men's persons, Houses, Barns, Stables, Cattle or goods, for defending their persons and estates from the Rapine and plunder of the soldiers. And if any officer or soldier shall presume to commit any such violence as aforesaid, that satisfaction and restitution be made to the owners thereof out of the weekly pay of any such officer or officers, soldier or soldiers, so offending. And that Martial Law be executed upon the offender or offenders according to the quality of his or their offences. For which purpose a Court of Law shall sit weekly at Worcester. And that it shall be lawful for all his Majesty's loyal subjects to assist one another respectively for the suppressing of their violences and forces. And for the apprehending of such persons offend ing to bring them to condign punishment. And that all Military officers or soldiers whatsoever shall be aiding and assisting to the execution thereof, as they will answer the contrary at a Court of War. And that the officer or officers which shall command any such troop or parties do not only assist upon complaint the party aggrieved and cause to restore him his goods, or upon contempt or neglect, satis faction shall be made by the Treasurer out of the said Troops' or Com- p. 502. panies' pay by order from the Governor and Commissioners. 20S ANNALS, 6. That if any Captain, officer or soldier shall fail to pay his billet, or quarter weekly for their own diet (i) Captain io8 per week, Lieu tenant and Cornet 7s per week, other inferior officers and troopers 3" vjd per week : foot soldiers 2" 4d per week, That then the Treasurer for the County shall default out of his pay so much money as may satisfy the several quarters by warrant and order of the Governors and Commis sioners. 7. That the Petty Constables of every parish shall pay in weekly the monthly contribution according to the assessments to the Treasurer of the County. And all provisions to be delivered in by this order shall be brought in to the City of Worcester every Saturday, and town of Eves ham and Garrison of Hartlebury every Monday to the hands of the Commissioners to that purpose appointed by the Governors thereof who shall keep books of the same. P- 5°3- &. That all those who shall voluntarily arm themselves for his Majesty's service and defence of the County and City shall have liberty so to do and shall be assured their arms shall not be taken from them. 9. That no parishes which are allotted' to any Garrison shall be chargeable to send labourers to make the fortifications of any other Garrison. 10. That for the ease and security of all the Inhabitants of this County, the rates of provision for this County which are or shall be from time to time sent in for and in lieu of the one half of the Contri bution money : And the Commissaries of the several Garrisons shall not refuse the said provisions so tendered and brought in, in what kind or species of provision whatsoever according to the rates agreed upon by the Grand Jury this last Sessions, either in corn, butter, cheese, bacon, or beef at the election of the party that sends it, being provisions of his own, Always provided that those parishes and places which are assigned to bring in provisions to the Horse shall for the most part bring in Hay, Oats, Peas, Beans and straw ; And those parishes and places which are assigned for the foot, that they bring in the other provisions specified in the list, each of them according to the Rates following : p. 504. Hay per tod jiijd Straw per load ,-» Oats per strike jgd Grass per horse per week . . . . 2s vjd ANNALS. 109 V vjd iiij8 3s rid y 28 iiijd 2s 8d 2dob. 4dob. Peas and beans per strike Wheat per strike Muncorn per strike Rye per strike . Barley per strike Mault per strike Cheese best per pound the worst per pound Butter per pound Dry Bacon per pound Bacon per pound Beef per pound . 11. The Horseman or Trooper and his horse is to be billetted for 78 per week and to have a strike and a half of oats per week and the foot soldier for 2s iiijd the week and shall rest themselves content with diet and entertainment fit and reasonable for such allowance and behave themselves orderly in the places where they quarter without offence by P- 5°5- cursing, swearing or other misbehaviour And shall make satisfaction for such other things as they shall make use of for themselves, or their horses; And if any fail to make satisfaction, the Treasurer upon warrant from the Governor and Commissioners expressing what is to be paid shall make full satisfaction out of the party's pay. 12. That no free quarter or billet shall be taken by or for any horse or foot soldiers in any Garrison town, parish or house within this County (except house room and such fire, candle and salt as they of the family of themselves use) without payment for the same in ready money according to the rates. And that no more soldiers be billetted in a house than the said house will conveniently receive. 13. No quarter master shall quarter any person, officer or soldier without warrant from his officer in chief, nor without the assistance of the Mayor, Bailiff, Constable or officer of the place, and shall give a copy of the warrant, and a note of the number of his billet under his hand unto the said Mayor, Bailiff, Constable or other officer. And no Com- p. 506. mander, officer or soldier of his Majesty's armies shall be quartered or billetted in the dwelling house of any of the Commissioners for the safeguarding the County who do attend weekly the service, The Trea surers, Collectors of money or warrants. Nor that no women, boys 2IO ANNALS. nor children allowed quarter without consent of the master of the family. 14. That if any person or persons make or shall make default of payment weekly their Contribution either in money or provisions accor ding to the tax, that such person or persons upon return of their names by the Constable to the Treasurer of the several Garrisons, the Com manders in chief are desired and have liberty to send forth parties of horse and foot to distrain and collect the same. And that every person so neglecting or wilfully obstinate to discharge his Contribution may only suffer in his own estate and person, and be at the whole charge of the collection of the same. And that none of his neighbours may be molested nor suffer by quartering who have paid the Contribution afore said upon pain that the officer sent out shall bring a[t least?] double P- 5°7- portion to be imployed according to the orders established at Oxford. 15. That if any parties of horse or foot shall be commanded forth to collect any monies or provisions either for contribution, fortifications or for any other his Majesty's service and employments they shall take the Constable, or Constable's deputies or Tything men of the parish or parishes with them, which said Constable or Constable or his deputies or Tything men shall only receive the monies and provisions abovesaid, and bring them into the Treasurer and Commissaries. 16. That all person or persons shall be rated, assessed, and taxed for the true and reasonable full value of their estates of lands by the pound and not by the ordinary and heretofor accustomed way by the yard land for the better quality and indifferency of payment in all extra ordinary taxes and impositions, either for monthly Contribution, or any other military charges for his Majesty's service. And whatsoever sum or sums of money are or shall be set and imposed by the assessors of the several parishes either upon the landlord or upon the tenant in p. 508. respect of the estate of lands, tenements or hereditaments, the said tenant holdeth of his landlord, shall be paid by the several and respective tenants, whereby the Contribution and other military Charges may be more readily and cheerfully paid and satisfied, And that the tenant shall deduct and default out of their next rents payable by them to their respective lessors or landlords, such sum or sums of money so taxed and assessed as aforesaid. 17. That no officer of a Regiment be paid more weekly than accor ding to the number of the Muster roll, and for the more assurance the t Against this article and those marked with a dagger a "q" is placed. ANNALS. 211 Treasurer of the Contribution shall receive a copy of the musters, their number, the names and pay weekly due to each Garrison. 1 8. That the Commissaries of the several Garrisons shall upon every Thursday weekly account with the Treasurer the quantities and several stores of provisions they have weekly received into their Magazines. p. 509. 19. That no officers or soldiers whatsoever shall presume to give any offence by word, action, or uncivil or uncomely gestures to the High Sheriff for the time being of this County ; his Majesty's justices of peace of the said County, Commissioners for the safeguarding of the same, or any other Commissioners under the great seal or to any other Commissioners authorized by Prince Rupert or Prince Maurice their highnesses or either of them or to any gentlemen executing the public service of this County by being of the Grand Jury or otherwise Upon pain of being censured by his Highness according to the nature of his or their offence. 20. That the monthly Contribution be not diverted from the payment of the Garrisons unto which they are allotted. 21. That if any Horse or foot be commanded out of their several quarters into any other parts of this County the parishes or places where the said Horse or foot quarter shall discount to the Treasurer of the County out of their monthly Contribution their several billets agreed upon according to the rates agreed bringing a note to the said Treasurer p. 510. under the hand of the Commander in Chief of the number, charge and time of stay. But in case the said Commander in Chief do not or shall refuse to give a note under his hand as aforesaid, That then upon a Cer tificate from under the hands of the Constable or Tythingman and two sufficient Inhabitants of the said parish or place to the Treasurer the billet money shall be discounted. And if the quarter of horse or foot shall exceed the monthly Contribution of that parish or place, that then the Treasurers shall discharge the same and discount it out of their pay of Horse and foot respectively which have so quartered, in case it be not for one night upon a march against an enemy. 22. That at every Court of War the Commissioners for the safe guarding of the County may sit in the said Court with the Marshal officers and have equal votes with the said officers in all causes and differ ences depending there between the soldier and the Countryman and also for so much as concerneth the case of any private subject. And that p. 511. their places there to sit shall be next the Colonel's. 212 ANNALS. 23. That no guards of any Garrison shall suffer and permit any troopers and or Common soldiers to pass through their guards without a ticket from the Commander in chief upon pain that the Commander of the guard or the officer in chief shall be responsible for any damage which any person or persons or places shall suffer thereby. And the officers of the guard permitting any soldiers or troops to pass through without license shall receive such punishment as the Governors shall think fit according to the quality of the offence. 24. That the Muster Master of the County shall at least once every month muster all the forces of horse and foot within this County that have pay, and therein shall strictly perform his said place according to the military orders set down by his Majesty by the advice of the Parlia ment at Oxford For the better regulating the Army. And it is desired that the Governor and High Sheriff for the time being shall be there present with some of the Commissioners to protect and assist the said Muster master in the execution of his place. And no Muster at all to p. 512. be allowed except it be signed under the hands of the Governor, Muster- master, High Sheriff or two of the Commissioners if thev shall think fit to be there having notice thereof. And the subscription and closing of the books not to pass by the Muster master alone, without the Commis sary General, unless the said Commissary General be absent. Neither shall the Treasurer pay any Captain or officer any money who have not his roll so signed. 25. That no officer or soldier whatsoever shall distrain or seize upon the goods of any person within this County, nor shall arrest or bring to prison by his own power and authority any Inhabitant of this County which are under his Majesty's protection without warrant and order under the hand of the Governor and some of the Commissioners nor shall seize and imprison the person of- any man for his Contribution who hath goods sufficient to pay the same by distress where distress may with safety be had, or else to take their persons. P- 5*3- 26. That all soldiers either horse or foot may be quartered either in the Garrison towns or boroughs of this County or in some strong houses on the frontiers and not in the country villages unless it be for a march for a night and not upon pretence from one parish to the next to harrow eat out and devour the Country: upon such pains and rendering such satisfaction, to the parishes, places and persons aggrieved as the Governor and Commissioners shall think fit upon complaint made and proved to them, ANNALS. 213 27. That no tax, burden or imposition be laid upon the County for his Majesty's service for any use, intent or purpose without the know ledge and assent of the Governor and Commissioners. 28. That no officer or soldier shall send for any Hay, provender or any other provisions but shall pay for the same in ready money unless it be in the parishes which are assigned for their quarters. And that it shall be lawful for any person or persons to refuse the sending in thereof without money. And if any officer or officers, soldier or soldiers shall P- 5*4- enforce the same that upon complaint made to the Governor and Com missioners not only restitution and satisfaction shall be made to the party or parties grieved by the Treasurer as the Governor and Commis sioners shall think fit out of that troop or company's weekly pay, But also that such officer or officers, soldier or soldiers shall receive such further censures as his Highness shall think fit or in his Highness' absence the Governor and such persons as his Highness shall make choice of to that effect. 29. That the Governor and Commissioners may have power to nominate and appoint a certain number of persons of approved Loyalty and Fidelity to be as a sub-committee to make ready and prepare such business as they shall from time to time commend to their consideration. And also to have power to hear and order only such matters as shall be by the said Governor and Commissioners thought fit for their cogni zance provided always an Appeal from them to the final determination of the said Governor and Commissioners. P- 5i5- 30. That the Commissioners may have a joint and communicative power with the Governor in matters of civil policy, as contributions and such other businesses as are not directly military and martial but conduce to the well ordering of the affairs of the County for the good thereof and the more easy and just transaction of his Majesty's service in these parts. And it is also humbly desired that his Highness would be pleased to receive the Commissioners as a Council to him in the Transaction and passing all business, and that no orders may pass concerning the affairs and safety of the County by his Lieutenant General or Commander in Chief in his absence without their knowledge and assent. That it is his Highness Prince Maurice's pleasure and command that all the aforesaid orders by him consented unto may be read to the Grand Jury at the next meeting of Sessions And if there be any further propo- 214 ANNALS. sitions thought fit to be presented by them for the advancement of his p. 516. Majesty's service and may likewise conduce for the better preservation of the peace and safety of the County his Highness will be ready to express his assent and confirmation thereunto. Let the orders be published in all parish churches and chapels of this County and be read at a Court of War, the Advocate taking a copy of the same to remain in his custody. And also that all copies of these orders be sent to the Commanders in Chief of the several Garrisons whereby they may take notice of them by a due observation. Maurice, 7° Feb. 1644. Whatever may be thought of these orders — and it must be admitted that they do not err on the side of leniency — the county had obtained one great advantage : they knew where they were. It was now laid down clearly for the first time what the military could and could not do, what were the liabilities of the farmer and peasant, when resistance was lawful and when it was not. Possibly if they could have been effectively carried out things might have gone on fairly well, but they could not be carried out. They were only law for the Royalists, the Parliament did not recognize them, and it may be safely affirmed that the Royalists would not be outdone in plundering by a set of " crop- eared knaves." It is a point of some interest that Maurice should not only allow, but as it seems request, that these orders should be laid before the Court of Quarter Sessions for their approval. It is also worth notice that this was no mere formal approval. The Sessions considered them, amended them by providing that the exceptions as to giving free quarters should be extended beyond the persons named in the order, and among those whom they proposed should be excluded were the Grand Jury themselves. On the consideration of the articles, the Court formally ANNALS. 215 approved them as amended, and the Clerk of the Peace issued the following certificate : — p. 516. Whereas the articles above written were presented unto the Court under the hand of His Highness Prince Maurice upon the Conference had by the Commissioners for the safeguarding of the County of Wor cester with him the 3rd day of this instant month of February, the same P-5I7- Articles being now read in open Court, the King's Majesty's Justices of the peace, the Commissioners for the safeguarding of the County, And the Great Inquest do give most humble thanks to his Highness for the granting thereof, and do very well approve of the same, And desire that the same Articles may be duly observed. And it is desired by the Court, the Commissioners for the safeguarding of this County, and the Grand Inquest, that all such of the Commissioners for delinquents' estates in this county which attend the service, the High Sheriff, and his under Sheriff, and the Clerk of the peace, may be inserted in the 13th Article, and be free from quarter as the Commissioners for the safeguarding of this County are. Franc. Walker, Clericus pacis. It was not only for the good government of the county that Maurice made orders ; he required the City to provide daily for his food. He did this by the following order : — p. 482. The City of Worcester to provide Prince Maurice his diet for his table as followeth, namely — 1 fat mutton 1 lamb .... 1 veal .... 30 pounds of beef 3 couple of pullets or capons 6 couple of pigeons . 6 couple of chickens . 8 dozen of white and brown bread 6 pound of candles 2 Hogsheads of strong and small beer £ s. d. 0 12 O 0 06 O 0 IO 0 0 05 0 0 06 0 0 02 0 0 04 0 0 08 0 0 02 6 1 O 0 3 i5 6 2l6 ANNALS. But in spite of the Association and Maurice's new order, the monthly contributions were still levied as before. On the ioth February 1645 the monthly contribution was levied under a warrant of Gerrard's — he is there described as the late Governor of the City and County — at 4c?. in the £ : — p. 407. 10th Feb. 1644. Vide the Order from Governor and Commissioners concerning the equal assessing by the pound, page 38 before.* An assessment of all the lands and tenements in the parish of Elmley Lovett according to the rents and annuities thereof except certain rents and annuities belonging to the king, the Church and charitable uses, and small tenements under the value of 308 per annum for and towards his Majesty's services and for all extraordinary charges therein duly made and agreed upon the day and year above written by the parishioners which have hereunto subscribed according to a warrant made and directed by Sir Gilbert Gerrard, Kn1, late Governor of the City and County of Worcester and Commissioner for the safeguarding of the County as followeth by the pound at 4d the pound for the 92nd month's contribution. d. 01 10 00 Elmley Lovet. — Hen. Townshend, EsqIe, for his demesne and improved Rents Feoffees of Mr Dobbins pro his demesne and improved rents Fortune Manning, Wid. . John Hanbury .... Upton. — Thomas Tyrer pro Utteridge Farms For his wife's land For Will. Field's lands John Barnard .... Mary Stower, vidua . Charles Bacon .... Philip Gittens .... p. 408. Will. Field .... Walter Insoll .... Edward Best pro rectoria . Cutnall.— Mrs Cicely Brace John Kindonj .... * On page 38 of the MS. there is an entry, " Henry Townshend of Elmley sessed after £103 o o per annum, for which he pays accordingly. OI °3 04 00 02 04 00 01 OO 00 12 OO 00 08 06 00 04 00 00 03 OO 00 02 00 00 02 02 00 OI 06 00 OO 06 00 04 08 00 15 00 00 IO 06 00 04 04 ANNALS. 217 John Bourne Mr Nathaniel Tomkins John Broad's Tenements Tho. Burton Insoll. — John Smith pro Togood ForBallhall Thomas Moule . Tho. Williams alias Scott Will. Segar Tho. Ballard . Walton.— Edw. Best, Clerk . Lewis Palmer . Humphrey Best Hen. Nicholas . John Best Joan Best pro Churchland John Sentre Jo. Typper Snedgreen. — John Lench, gent. p. 409. Humphrey Thatcher . Ed. Smith for his Freeland For Hartlebury School land Charles Harwood John Acton, gent. John Pooler for Felgates Edmund Royall. For Rowles Orchard . Richard Wollaston, clerk Anthony Acton Thomas Burnell Thomas Camel! Thomas Moule for his free land Thomas Gardner Walter Perkes . 00 15 00 00 02 00 00 00 06 00 02 00 00 04 06 00 02 06 00 05 00 00 05 00 00 00 10 00 00 10 00 02 04 00 02 04 00 02 06 00 01 00 00 01 04 00 01 04 00 02 04 00 01 00 00 ¦ 10 00 00 02 06 00 °3 06 00 OO 06 00 05 00 00 °5 00 00 01 06 00 06 06 00 00 10 00 04 04 00 02 06 00 01 06 00 04 04 00 02 02 00 00 08 00 01 00 II 08 03 Anthony Acton. John Barnard. John Best, sen. William Field. Humphrey Thatcher. 2l8 ANNALS. An apportionment on the parishes with the sums each paid, in accordance with the arrangement arrived at making certain areas liable to support certain specified regiments, follows.* No date is given, but it appears to be about this time, as no name of a Governor of Worcester is given. Gerrard had just ceased to be Governor, and no new one had been appointed. P- 425- After the rate~\ The part of the County assigned to pay the monthly of £4000 per > Contribution for the Governor of Worcester's Regiment mensem. J of foot and horse. Yardley. St Michael's in Bedwardine S' John's in Bedwardine Wick Episcopi Wichenford Broadwas Nicholls division of Oswaldslow. Hallow . GrimleyHolt . Witley parva . Kempsey Norton . Stoulton Battenhall Claines . Spetchley White Ladies' Aston Churchill and Bredicot Ripple . Croome D'abitot . Hill Croome . Earl's Croome Mr Herbert's division. Severn Stoke . YardleyHindlip . Oddingley 007 18 00 OO 7 tS 00 030 14 02 OI5 07 02 OI5 07 02 Ol6 08 08 Oil 09 08 on 09 08 005 12 09 022 OI 06 01 c 00 10 on 00 IO 017 18 08 040 °5 05 005 19 06 005 10 06 005 19 06 °43 07 02 007 04 02 007 04 02 007 04 02 041 06 08 051 06 08 005 01 04 003 06 08 * See ante, p. 176. ANNALS. 219 Mr Trimmell of Qswaldslow. Warndon .... Tibberton .... Huddington and part of Crowle Himbleton cum membris Stocke and Bradley Hanburv Stoke Prior . Alvechurch p. 426. Mr Har per's division. Mr Cooke's division. Martin Hussingtree Broughton Hackett Upton Snodsberry . North Piddle . Peopleton Pinvin . Walcot cum membris Pirton . Beoley . All Mr Cooke's Division of Half shire hundred (except Feckenham which is allotted to Evesham), Church lench and Kington 006 00 00 OIO •3 04 009 13 IO 012 08 IO . 008 13 04 064 07 02 027 00 06 040 14 02 007 IO 00 006 IO 00 • 03° 04 02 OIO 00 OO OIO 00 00 012 IO 00 042 IO 00 . 013 15 00 ¦ 03° 00 00 Oldswinford and Stourbridge Dudley . Cradley . Wartley Mr Morris Ludley . Division. Frankley Hagley . Pedmore KingfordRushcock Churchill For Evesham. Blackenhurst Hundred 481 01 10 024 18 08 014 17 08 004 T7 02 004 17 02 002 >5 06 009 13 10 on 01 08 005 10 10 004 02 00 009 M 00 002 01 04 250 00 00 Trimmell, Oswaldslow. Chapman's Division of Oswaldslow 200 00 00 38 00 00 09 04 00 Fl ad bury 1 Hill and Moore i- Wyre and Piddle J Rouslench and Hoblench 220 ANNALS. Bishampton . Harvington . Throckmorton Harper, Pershore * Flyford Flavel and Grafton Fl *Abberton *Dormston Naunton Beauchamp Mr Cooke of Halfshire. Churchlench Kington * Feckenham p. 427. Trimmell. Inkberrow Harper. Trimmell. Aldermarston and Goldicott Broadway Sedgberrow . Cropthorne, Netherton and Charlton Elmley Castle Harper. Trimmell. Harper. Bicklehampton Comberton magna et parva Overbury cum membris . Bredon cum membris Eckington and Wollashull StrenshamBirlingham and Nafford . *Pensham *Wick juxta Pershore *Pershore S' Andrew's and S* *Defford .... Besford .... Cross Hichcox division of Pershore Hundred. Doddingtree Hundred Powick and Bransford Leigh and Mathon Longdon and Chaceley Eldersfield Bushley Pool and Queenhill Castle Morton 09 12 OO IO OO 00 II 10 00 26 12 06 07 IO 00 09 07 06 OI II 00 51 J3 04 48 00 00 22 10 00 31 r7 06 09 01 04 24 00 00 09 °5 04 10 00 00 20 00 00 44 10 00 52 00 00 12 IO OO 15 08 09 15 02 02 21 II 03 09 07 06 09 07 06 * These stars are in the MS., but no reference is given either in the margin or the foot of the page. They probably relate to the way the different parishes were assigned to the various collectors, ANNALS. 221 Nicholl's division of Oswaldslow. p. 428. Norris Division. Malvern magna and Maddersfield Hanley Castle Birtsmorton and Staunton Redmarley Dabitot Berrow . Holdfast and Eastington Pendock Malvern parva Welland Upton upon Severn LindridgeKington Kidderminster Foreign Kidderminster Borough Chaddesley Corbett Stone and Dunclent Over Mitton . Wolverley Hartlebury Belbroughton. Elmley Lovet 22 00 00 As the Royalists had " Associated," other parties did not see why they should not unite for mutual protection. In March and April bands of farmers joined together for defence against plun derers to whatever party they belonged. This movement was most active in Herefordshire, but extended, into Shropshire and Wor cestershire. On the 5th March 1645 a meeting, largely attended, was held on Woodbury Hill, over which the parson of Shelsley, Mr. Charles Nott, presided. They drew up a statement of their grievances which they sent to the Sheriff, Mr. Bromley of Holt. The following is Townshend's account : — P- 793- The inhabitants of all the North west part of the County of Wor cester having several times met in very great bodies for their own protection did at last agree upon a declaration and resolution, which was 222 ANNALS. presented by M1' Charles Nott parson of Shelsley* in the names of all the rest of the Assembly to Henry Bromley Esq10 High Sheriff, with this protestation that they are for his Majesty; which meeting was at Woborough [Woodbury] Hill; the number about iooo, upon Wed nesday the 5th of March 1644. The Copy of the Declaration is as followeth : "We having long groaned under many illegal taxations and unjust pressures and that contrary to orders presented to his Majesty by advice of the Lords and Commons assembled at Oxford And ratified and pub lished by his Majesty's gracious proclamation. And nevertheless finding no redress of our grievances, but that we, our wives and children, have been exposed to utter ruin by the outrages and violence of the soldier; threatening to fire our houses; endeavouring to ravish our wives and daughters, and menacing our persons. We are now enforced to associate ourselves in a mutual league for each other's defence, and do declare to the world that our meetings have been, are, and shall be to no other intention or purpose than as followeth. p. 794. 1. To maintain the true Reformed Protestant Religion contained in the Doctrine of the Church of England against all Popery and Popish superstitions and all other Heresies and schisms whatsoever. 2. To defend the King's Majesty's person, honour, and estate against all those that shall oppose the same. 3. To preserve and uphold the ancient and just privileges of Parlia ment and known laws of this kingdom against all arbitrary Government which shall be endeavoured to be introduced and put upon us under what pretence soever. 4. To retain the property of the subject by protecting and safeguard ing our persons and estates by the mutual aid and assistance of each other against all murders, rapines, plunder, robberies, or violences which shall be offered by the soldier or any oppressor whatsoever, as is allowed by those orders lately signed by his Highness Prince Maurice as appeareth by the 5th Article of the said orders. f 5. To quicken the execution of those wholesome orders abovesaid ratified by his Majesty's proclamations as also those other orders which P- 795- at several times since have been agreed upon and signed by his Highness * No incumbent named Nott held the living of Great Shelsley at this time. Penelope Nott, widow, presented John Wood in 1610, and the next presentation was not till 1665. Possibly " parson " is a mistake for " patron," f See ante, p. 207. ANNALS. 223 Prince Rupert, Prince Maurice, and also consented unto by the Honour able the Governor and Commissioners for the safeguarding of this county and the great Inquest at several Sessions of the peace held for the body of the same. 6. Our resolution is not to submit to the execution of any commis sion intrusted upon any pretence whatsoever in the hands of any Papist, or Papists, Recusant or Recusants or any other joined in commission with any Papist, or Papist Recusant for that by the known laws of this kingdom no Papist, nor Papist-recusants ought to be intrusted in any office of state, justice, or judicature: neither to keep any arms in their houses that may be or prove offensive to any of His Majesty's Loyal subjects. 7. Our desire is that this our Declaration and resolution may be presented to the High Sheriff of this County to whom alone as his Majesty's Vicegerent we conceive we are bound to render an account of these our doings. And further our petition is that he would be pleased to endeavour that all Popish Recusants within this County may be pressed to take the oaths of Allegiance and supremacy as by law is p. 796. provided. And upon refusal they may be disarmed as by law they ought. 8. That it is our request that the Grand Inquest now intrusted for the body of this County may be moved seriously to weigh and consider how they do consent to the illegancy [sic] of such Commissions as shall be committed to the hands of Papist, or Popish Recusants lest they betray our trust and so expose both themselves and us to utter ruin." It was not only the Teme Valley farmers who were stirred up to association by the Royalists' action. The Parliamentary partisans greatly resented it. What they particularly disliked was the attempt to compel all males between 16 and 60 to take up military service. Five leading Worcestershire justices issued an order to the constables of the parish of Stock and Bradley forbidding the parishioners to obey the warrants calling on them to serve, and threatening them with confiscation of their estates if they did not. The order is in the following terms : — p. 796. Mem. — The Committee of Warwick for the parliament and of this County hearing that the Commissioners had sent out warrants to 224 ANNAL5. summon some of the best Inhabitants, Constables, and ministers to bring in the names of all the able Inhabitants between 16 and 60, whereby the number may be known, and there to receive such further directions as the Commissioners should commend unto them for the arming and listing of themselves, did send ouj their warrants to several parishes to prohibit the same as by the warrant following testifies. p. 797. Whereas there was a warrant sent into your parish under the hands of the Earl of Shrewsbury, Sir William Russell, and others thereby requiring you to associate yourselves with the Counties of Salop and Hereford, under pretence of redressing grievances and the enjoyment of great pri vileges. We doubt not but you are truly sensible of the great grievances and most intolerable injuries which you have long suffered, and under gone, almost to your impoverishing under a Colourable pretence of protection and privilege. We believe you who truly desire the defence of your religion, laws, and liberties, the welfare of yourselves and posterity, will be no longer deluded with such specious pretences being chiefly carried on by Papists and known enemies to the state, But rather arm yourselves for the defence of your Religion and Liberties against such invaders. We have therefore not only thought good to premonish you, but also straitly to charge you, command you, that you forbear either to give notice or to list any of the Inhabitants of your said parish p. 798. as you will avoid imprisonment and bringing your estates under the ordinance of sequestration. Given under our hands this third day of March 1644. Edw. Rous. To the Minister and Constable of Tho. Milward. Stoke and Bradley, These. Joh. Fownes. Henry Hunt. Jo. Giles. The great menace to the Royalists in 1645 was the New Model army. The Self-denying Ordinance was passed on the 3rd April, and the question was, What would be its effect ? Cromwell's command had been extended for forty days after it became law ; during those forty days Cromwell had been able to upset the plans that Rupert and Maurice had been preparing to begin the campaign. They involved the march of men and guns ANNALS. 225 through Worcestershire ; a train of artillery was to be sent to reinforce Rupert at Hereford. To help his brother Maurice issued the following orders for supplies. The first, dated the 3rd April 1645, is f°r provisions, and runs as follows : — P- 5*9- A warrant to the High Constable of Oswaldslow, etc., to command him to send warrants for provision for his Majesty's Army, who are to make their rendezvous in this Country very speedily, and upon special command from his Majesty and his Highness Prince Maurice Lieut.-General and signed by him. Whereas the time is now approaching for his Majesty's Army to draw into the field, and his Majesty having given commands that there be great store of biscuit bread speedily provided out this County for pro vision for the said Army, These are to charge and command you together with the Petty Constables within your division to bring or cause to be brought into the Magazine within the City of Worcester within one week next after the date hereof* Bushels of good, sweet, sound and marketable wheat out of the towns within your division (except Hartle bury and Wolverley which are appointed to furnish Hartlebury Garrison). And these are further to command you to bring in to the City of Wor cester within the time aforesaid out of your division* shovels, spades, pick axes and such like Instruments for his Majesty's marching Army. And you are to let your Divisions know that I must expect from them a very strict account of the said service. p. 520. That if their backwardness therein shall happen to draw any hard pressure upon them they may be left without excuse, and thank them selves for the same. Given at Worcester under my hand this third day of April 1645. Maurice.f That there should be no doubt as to what provisions were wanted, a memorandum, dated April 4th, states precisely what the county was expected to supply : — p. 519. 3000 bushels of wheat, 500 Pick axes, shovels, spades, etc. for the County of Worcester. April 4tU 1645. * Blank in MS. t A copy of this order is also given on p. 526 of the MS. 226 ANNALS. p. 522. His Majesty intending to be at the City of Worcester Mr Pinkney Commissary General of the provisions conceived it necessary that the several sorts of provisions should be laid in at the Cross Inn His Majesty's Horse quarters for his own Retinue, as followeth ; which according as the Rates of provision is at this season [to] be as [follows] . 20 tons of Hay at 30s per ton . . 30 00 00 10 load of Straw . . . . 04 00 00 20 quarter of Oats at 2s per strike . 16 00 00 10 quarter of beans at 3s per strike . 14 00 00 April 4th, 1645. 64 00 00 It is desired by the Commissary that 1000 quarters be laid in at 30s per quarter which is 3s 9d per strike — ^1500 00 00. Of which 500 quarters to be baked in biscuit, the rest in bread. P- 5*3- A quarter of wheat which is 8 strike will make 300 weight of biscuit in the hands of a good workman ; which after 303 a quarter per wheat, the biscuit is after ioB per cent, weight. Every Common Soldier's allowance per diem is one pound of Biscuit, and half a pound of Cheese. 50,000 weight of Cheese at 20s cent. . . .£500 00 00 Coarse canvas at 9* per ell, and 2 ells to"| make a sack to put in the biscuits of V- j£ioo 00 00 which there must be 1500 sacks . J The making of them ..... 020 00 00 £2184 00 00 That there be provided 1 60 carriages, 5 Horses in the Team to carry provisions. Having provided the supply ot food for the troops, Maurice proceeded to provide for its conveyance to the troops and while marching through the county. This was done by the following order : — p. 520. 160 carriages. Whereas there is a necessity of having in a readiness a great number of teams for the necessary carriage of the Army without which the Armv cannot be enabled to march. These are therefore to charge and com- ANNALS. 227 mand you by the assistance of the Petty Constables within your division to impress and bring into the College Green within the City of Wor cester upon Friday the xitu day of April 28 sufficient and serviceable Teams of horses, with 5 able Horses at the least, a strong and able Cart, and two Carters with each Team, And to bring with them sufficient provision for themselves and their Horses for 3 days, which service is of such necessary concernment to his Majesty that I must exact a very punctual account of the performance Letting you know that if there shall be any neglect or remissness in the same, it will not only be a very great hindrance to his Majesty's affairs, but you will also thereby draw upon yourselves and the County such inconveniences and pressure by the stay of the Army for want of carriages, which otherwise by your ready performance you might avoid. And you are to let the country know that they shall have the Teams all released and returned back to the owners at the first convenient place where they may be relieved in the next County which they shall march through. Given under my hand this 3rd day of April 1645. Maurice.* For Mr Nichols, Chief Constable Division of Oswaldslow. This order is of interest. Twenty-eight teams of five horses each, every cart requiring five horses, bears eloquent testimony to the state of the roads. Two men to each team were quite little enough. Three days' provisions for the carters and horses shew that the rate of marching could not have been much if at all over seven miles a day, as the Northern county boundary is not at any place more than thirty miles from Worcester, lt will also be noticed that horses are expressly mentioned, which rather goes against the usual idea that in the Civil War bullocks were gener ally employed to draw the baggage wagons. The hint that if for want of carriage the soldiers are detained the cost of keeping them would fall on the county should have proved an incentive to send horses. It will be noticed that the carts and horses are to be brought into the College Green. At first sight it appears to be rather * A c»py of this order is also given on p. 525 of the MS. 228 ANNALS. remarkable that this should be so, but the reason was doubtless that the College Green was then and down to the nineteenth century in the county and not the city, and in the Hundred of Oswaldslow, so the Chief Constable would remain liable for them as they were still in his custody, and if any were missing would have to make them good. As " Muster Master " it was Townshend's duty to see that the magazines were kept replenished ; probably it is with a view to this that the following memorandum as to the necessary pro visions for a garrison was drawn up. There is no date to it, nor anything to shew why it was prepared : — p. 524. The quantity of provisions fitting for to maintain 2000 men at least for a siege of 6 months. 8000 Bushels of bread corn of Rye muncorn and wheat at 3s 4d per strike ^J333 °6 8a 2000 bushels of white and grey peas at 23 per bushel ..... 200 00 00 1000 bushels of oats in oatmeal at 2s per strike ..... 20,000 pound of Cheese at 2d per lb. . 10,000 pound of Butter at 4d per lb. 200 beefs at £$ 20,000 strike of malt at 3s vid per strike Hotwaters *..... Fire for the Guards .... 2000 bushels of salt at 2s vjd Money at 4" per diem a Soldier . 6716 13 4t As the advance of the Royal Army was publicly announced by the' issue of the warrants to the constables directing them to bring in the required quantity of food and transport, the Parlia mentary leaders considered it to be their duty to obstruct the * Sic in MS. t I" tne MS, the total is given as £61 16 13 4. IOO 00 00 166 l3 04 166 13 04 600 00 00 2500 00 00 IOO 00 00 IOO 00 00 250 00 00 1200 00 00 ANNALS. 229 execution of the orders as far as possible. They therefore issued from Warwick an order addressed to all constables in Worcester shire threatening them with penalties if they executed the Royal warrant : — - P- 527- Wigorn. SS. To the Constables Thirdboroughs and all other officers and Inhabitants of the County of Worcester. Whereas several warrants have come unto you for the bringing in some quantities of wheat and other provisions to the City of Worcester now a Garrison of the enemy. And for providing of shovels, spades, pick axes, and other Instruments as likewise a certain number of Teams, with Horses, Carts, and Carters for the service of the Enemy. These are straitly to charge and command you in the name and by authority of the High Court of Parliament that upon pain of imprisonment, and sequestration of lands, and goods, you forbear to execute or to do anything in order to the execution of, or that you give any obedience to the said warrants, as being immediately destructive to the true Religion, the laws and liberties of this Kingdom. Given under our Hands at the Borough of Warwick the 7th of April 1645. Tho. Rous, Will. Lygon, Jo. Egiocke, N. Lechmere, Ed. Rous, Jo. Fownes, Will. Moore, Hen. Hunt, Jo. Gyles, Will. Collins. Notwithstanding all these forced services, the monthly con tribution was still demanded for the Army pay. Townshend gives the following form of order for the several places that were in arrear : — P- 53^ It is this day ordered that * shall have and receive the Contri bution of the several towns subscribed for the xxxvij"1 month for the payment of himself his officers and company. And he is to let the Constables of the said several towns know that by the order of the Honourable Governor and Commissioners of the County and City of Worcester dated the * day of April instant they are to nominate and require four or more of the ablest Inhabitants under the degree of Esqrea within every of the Constablewicks to join with the Constable * Blank in MS, 23O ANNALS. and take upon them the care of the collection of the Contribution within the several parishes from time to time monthly and every month, and to make payment of the said month's Contribution in unto the said * within ten days next after the date hereof. The names of which Col lectors are likewise to be returned in unto the said* by the Constable of every parish within six days, And the said Collectors are likewise to forfeit * apiece for every month they refuse to do their duty herein, beside double payment of the Contribution from those who neglect their payments. The following order was sent to the Constables : — P- 532- According to an order under the hands of the Honourable Governor and Commissioners of this County and City of Worcester dated the 25th day of April instant, you are' to assess the Contribution of the 37th month within your Constablewick. And you the Constable are thereby ordered to require four or more of the ablest Inhabitants under the degree of Esqre within your Constablewick to join with you, and to take upon them the care of the Collection of the same Contribution and the payment thereof in unto Me * at my quarters in Worcester within ten days next after the date hereof, And you,, are to return unto me the names of such Collectors within six days next following, Letting them know that it is ordered they shall forfeit £Y apiece for every month they refuse to do their duties herein, besides double payment of the Contribution by those who shall neglect the payment. Dated, etc. It will be noticed that this contribution had become entirely military. At first the Sheriff was the person who received and paid over the money ; then certain of the military were to collect the money from defaulters, and at last the money was to be paid to the military direct at their quarters in Worcester. Naturally this enforced payment caused great discontent, and Maurice seems to have felt it necessary to find out among those who would not or did not pay who were for the Parliament and who for the King, so he resorted to the following method : P- 537- It pleased Prince Maurice his highness that there should be a pro- * Blank in MS, ANNALS. 23I testation drawn for all the County and City of Worcester to take ; And send out his Order to the High Sheriff and Commissioners to give warrants forth to all persons in all places within his County, which order of his Highness and also protestation is underwritten, though no warrants were sent out by the Commissioners as denying to have any power to command the same. I do hereby straitly enjoin without exception all persons of what quality 'soever within the County of Worcester to take the Protestation hereunto annexed, willing and requiring you to give express order to all Mayors, Bailiffs, High Constables, Ministers, Vicars, Curates, Church wardens, and all others whom it may concern to take the said Protesta tion, and to administer the same to all and every Inhabitant of all and every town, parish and village within the County of Worcester. And if person or persons within the said county refuse to take the said Protestation, you are also to give special order that their names be recorded, and a schedule of their names be forthwith brought to Me. Hereof you may not fail as you tender the good and advancement of the King's cause. Given at Worcester this 8th day of April 1645. Maurice. To the Hio;h Sheriff and Commissioners of the County of Worcester. p. 538. April 17th. The Protestation. I A. B. being hereunto required do willingly and in the presence of Almighty God solemnly vow and protest as followeth. 1. That I believe no power of the Pope or Parliament can depose our Sovereign Lord King Charles, or absolve me from my natural allegiance, and obedience to his Royal person and successors. 2. That the two Houses of Parliament without the King's consent have no authority to make laws, or to bind and oblige the subject by their ordinances (1) contrary to the known laws. 3. Wherefore I believe that the Earls of Essex and Manchester, Sir Thomas Fairfax, Sir William Waller, Col. Massey, together with all such as already have, or shall take up Arms [in margin : without the King's consent] by authority and Commission of the Members of Parliament at Westminster pretending to fight for King and Parliament, do thereby become actual rebels : and as such ought with all their adherents and partakers to be presented and brought to condign punishment. 4. That myself will never bear arms in their quarrel, but if I shall be thereunto called will assist my Sovereign and his Armies in the defence of his Royal person, Crown, and dignity against all contrary lyi aNNalS. forces unto the uttermost of my skill and power and with the hazard of my life and fortunes. P- 539- 5. That I will not discover the secrets of His Majesty's Armies unto the Rebels, nor hold any correspondence, or intelligence with them. And all designs of theirs against our Sovereign's Armies, or for surprising or delivering up the Cities of Worcester, or Hereford, or of any other of his Majesty's Forts, I shall truly discover to whom it shall concern so soon as ever it comes unto my knowledge. 6. That His Majesty's taking up Arms for the causes by Himself so oft declared in print is just and necessary. 7. That I will endeavour all I may to hinder populous Tumults, Risings, Rendezvous, Meetings, Confederacies, and Agitations of the people, Towns, Hundreds, and Counties, which are not warranted to so assemble by his Majesty's express Commission or by power derived from Him, by virtue of His Commissions, and in the sense He means and declared it. 8. I detest from my heart that seditious and traiterous late intended National Covenant and I protest never to take it [in margin: Without the Royal Assent] . All these particular Articles I vow and protest sincerely to observe without equivocation. So help me God. I do straitly charge and enjoin without exception all Commanders and soldiers, Gentry, Citizens, Freeholders, and others within the County and City of Worcester to take this Protestation. Maurice. It is difficult to realize how anyone could expect that taking such an oath as this would be in the least binding or would have any effect. The union of the deposing power of the Pope and Parliament, the detestation of the Solemn League and Covenant, and the promise to sincerely observe all the articles, is so wide an order as is almost impossible to be believed. One feels sorry for the " commanders, soldiers, gentry, citizens, freeholders and others " within the county and city of Worcester who were to be compelled to take the Protestation at the bidding ot a young man under thirty. The attempt seems to have caused dissension even among the Royalists. Townshend has a remarkable passage ANNALS. 233 on this. He appears to have set down his own objection to taking such an oath ; but as this caused some dissatisfaction among his brother Royalists, he agreed to take it. But his hesi tation caused the Governor, Colonel Samuel Sandys, and Bromley the Sheriff to doubt if Townshend was to be trusted. His account is as follows : — p. 540. Some being commanded by* [Prince Maurice to take the Protesta tion said] it was not needful nor necessary to press the same in a general way, but only upon such who were mistrusted and jealous of their loyalty and if they had any such thoughts of anyt with such exception and explanation, as wasj made of some Ambiguous terms,J they would for a testimony of § their fidelity receive it, But told the Prince and the rest, ThatJ some desired to be excused hereafter for meddling with any service, as being held in jealousy and suspicion. The Governor, Col. Sam. Sandys, and Mr H. Bromley, High Sheriff, said they were jealous of all, and thought! he was not to be trusted, nor fit to live in the Garrison, iff he refused it. Whereupon ( J some said) to take away the scruple and suspicion J they would take it; but con ceived J they had merited a better opinion in all the passages of § their service to the King and good of the Country. April 17th 1645.H On the 7th May 1645 Charles left Oxford on the celebrated " Leicester march " which was to end so disastrously. On the 8th he reached Stow-on-the-Wold, on the 9th Evesham, on the 10th Inkberrow, and on May nth he marched to Droitwich, where he stayed till the 14th. Townshend' s house was assigned as the lodgings of the County Commissioners. Townshend has left this memorandum as to those who stayed there : — p. 681. Mem. — When his Majesty was at Droitwich ntb May 1645 The Commissioners of the County of Worcester were to attend his Majesty * A passage is erased and the words in brackets are written over. f " Me" struck out. t " I " struck out. § " My " struck out. || The date is struck out. 234 annals. and some Gentlemen of Prince Maurice so that my house was assigned for their quarters whose names were Sir Ralph Clare Sir Dudley Wyatt ^ with Sir Richard Cave Mr Robert Wylde [obliterated] I servants Sir Rowland Berkeley Mr Anth. Langston I and Sir James Crofts Mr Rob. Wylde j horses. It is not quite clear whether it was not Townshend's house at Elmley Lovett that is here meant ; it is not known that Townshend had a house at Droitwich. The two following cer tificates, one by Prince Maurice and the other by the Quarter Master General, make it clear that Townshend's house at Elmley Lovett was at that time occupied by the County Commis sioners : — p. 681. By Prince Maurice. Whereas I have assigned Mr Townshend's house in the parish of Elmlev Lovett for his Majesty's Commissioners of this County to quarter there, you are therefore to exempt that house from quartering of any other person whatsoever without my express order for the same. Given at Worcester this 11th day of May 1645. Maurice. The Quartermaster General of his Majesty's Army being shewed the prince's warrant and order, He made the Ticket following. No soldiers afe to quarter in Mr Townshend's House at Elmley Lovett, which is only assigned for the Commissioners of the County of Worcester. B. Pegomme, Q. M. General. How long the County Commissioners stayed at Elmley Lovett is not known. On the 14th May Charles left Droitwich and went to Cofton Hackett, where he slept. On the 15th he went to Lord Ward's at Himley, on the 31st May he carried Leicester by storm, and on the 14th June was defeated at Naseby. Townshend's Diary contains no direct reference to Naseby, annals. 235 nor to the King's subsequent march across the county from Wolverhampton to Kidderminster, Bewdley and Bromyard. There is an indirect reference to the results of the battle at a meeting held by Prince Maurice's order on the 30th June 1645 at the Guildhall, Worcester, to raise at once 50 horse and 2000 foot to meet His Majesty's requirements, and £3000 to be paid in the space of ten days to the Sheriff. The report of the meeting is as follows : — P- 54i- At the Townhall within the City of Worcester this last of June 1645. Whereas it pleased his Highness Prince Maurice at a general Assembly of the Knights, Gentlemen and many sufficient freeholders of this county to propose the raising of 2000 foot and 50* Horse for and towards a present requirement of his Majesty's Army. We have upon consult agreed and consented that there shall be within the space of 10 clays the sum [of] £3000 assessed and paid unto Henry Bromley Esqre, High Sheriff of this County, which said monies shall be assessed bv 3 or more of the sufficient Inhabitants of every parish according to the Assessment of the Monthly Contribution. And also that they be assistants to the Constable for the more speedy Collection of the same, only in money upon pain of every person so refusing, to have it collected by parties of Horse and Foot a double proportion. And also to be esteemed and dealt withal as persons disaffected to his Majesty's service. Provided that no part of the aforesaid monies so raised and paid in shall be disbursed or disposed of but for the raising of the said 2000 foot and 50 Horse and for no other use, intent or purpose whatsoever. And it is humbly prayed in consideration of this great sum so cheerfully con sented unto, that all those places, or towns, which have long borne the p. 542. burden [of free quarterf] may be speedily freed; And that those many gracious orders long since granted by his Majesty, and their Highnesses Prince Rupert and Maurice for the ease and benefit of the good subjects of this County and the regulating of the soldier may be again confirmed at this next Quarter Sessions and put in speedy execution. Maurice. * It has been written 5000, but the last two ciphers are struck out. t These wonjs are struck through. 236 ANNALS. Maurice's difficulties were increasing. Worcester seemed to be in great danger. On the ist July Lord Leven, who com manded the Scotch army, and was then at Nottingham, wrote to the Earl of Manchester that on the next day, the 2nd July, he would set out for Worcester. He marched by easy stages, but was getting uncomfortably close. On the 8th he reached Alcester. It is not clear when Maurice first heard of the Scotch advance. He issued on the 7th July the following order for all able-bodied persons between 16 and 60 to come in and work on the Worcester fortifications upon pain of death : — These are to command you immediately this day upon sight hereof (all excuses set apart) to summon and bring in to work at the Fortifi cations of the City of Worcester all able persons of body between 16 and 60 within your parish and Constablewick together with competent provisions for the maintenance of the said workmen. And also all sorts of tools as Spades, Mattocks, Shovels, Axes, Bills, and Pickaxes upon pain of death to be executed upon them that disobey your summons ; and that you present to Me, the High Sheriff, or the Commissioners the names of all persons summoned and brought in by you, and also of all those that are absent, or neglect or contemn to yield obedience, that P- 543- punishment may be inflicted upon them accordingly. And you are not to depart without licence. Dated at Worcester this 7th day of July 1645. Maurice. For some reason Leven changed his mind, and instead of investing Worcester determined to cross the Severn and invest Hereford. Possibly the defeat of a reconnaissance which the Scots sent out from Alcester towards Worcester may have brought about this change, as they marched to Pershore, but alleging that Upton bridge was unsafe for the passage of troops returned to Alcester and marched from there to Droitwich, which they reached on July 12 th. Maurice did not venture to attack, but ANNALS. 237 allowed them to march quietly to Bewdley, where they crossed the Severn, and thence to Tenbury on July 20th and on to Hereford, which was reached July 30th. The Scots besieged Hereford until the ist of September, when Charles carried out the greatest military operation of his life — its relief. Worcester had been strengthened, and provided the garrison did not mutiny was in no immediate danger ; but the state of things there was very bad. The repeated plundering by the Royalists, in spite of orders and instructions to the contrary, had irritated the people against them. On the 10th October Maurice issued the following order for regulating Governors and soldiers against seizing on men's persons, imprisoning them and seizing their cattle : — p. 528. An Order for the Regulating of Governors and Soldiers against seizing on men's persons, imprisoning them, seizing on their Cattle, etc. Whereas I am informed it hath been a late practice by subordinate Governors and other inferior Commanders and officers, to assume a power for imprisoning and restraining the persons, and seizing the goods and Cattle of divers persons, and releasing them at their own wills; without giving any account of the same: which irregular pro ceedings have tended much to the grievance of the said Inhabitants of this Country, and dis-service of his Majesty. For the avoiding of such inconveniences and abuses hereafter. These are to signify to all whom it doth or may concern That I do hereby expressly forbid the Governors of all subordinate Garrisons or Forts and all other officers of what quality soever within this County, to presume or take a power to restrain or release the persons, or seize or dispose the goods or cattle of any the said Inhabitants upon any pretence whatsoever without special warrant for the same under my hand, or the like from Col. Samuel Sandys, Governor (under Me) of this Garrison and Commander in Chief of all p. 529. the forces in this County. Hereby likewise authorizing all whom it may concern to deny obedience to such Committments, warrants, and orders as are not qualified as aforesaid. And that no person shall be committed to, or detained prisoner elsewhere than in the Marshalsea to H 238 ANNALS. this Garrison, except by special order as aforesaid. Given at Worcester under my Hand and Seal at Arms this 10th day of October 1645. The Major of this Garrison is to give orders for publication of this my order. It must not however be supposed that the Royalists had any monopoly in illegalities and plundering. On the 26th May Massey had carried Evesham by storm ; Colonel Rouse was appointed Governor. Like the Royalists, the Parliament men wanted money, and they proposed to collect the monthly con tribution of ,£3000 exactly as the Royalists had done. From May onwards Evesham was the head-quarters of the Parliament: in the county. From there notices were sent out from the Committee of the Parliament demanding the arrears of the monthly contribution. A document in Townshend's collec tion is their demand on Elmley Lovett ; it is dated Evesham, the 1 6th October 1645. It demands £10 monthly from the parish (the Royalists got £10 18s. od. when £4000 had to be raised*). The contribution was said to be twelve months in arrear, and the parish were told unless they paid on the 17th October they would be at peril of pillaging, plundering, your houses fired, and your persons imprisoned. Even the most greedy Cavalier could not have gone further : — P- 53°- A warrant from the Committee of Parliament at Evesham for arrears of Contribution. Whereas for the times past our warrants have been neglected, and no monies hath been brought in for the months past, But when we came to gather our monies the Constable hid himself and not only so but gave Alarum to the Castle, whereby we had like for to have been taken. These are therefore strictly to charge and command you that are Asses sors to assess and collect the Monthly contribution according to the rate of ^3000 in the Shire being ten pounds monthly for your township to pay. And you that are parishioners to pay your Monthly Contribu tion which is demanded of you ; And the Constable and those which * Ante, p. 99. ANNALS, 239 are officers to gather up trie Monthly Contribution and to make payment of the same upon Saturday next being the 17th day of this present Month of October to me at my quarters at Evesham at M1' Heralite's house. Hereof fail you not as you will answer the contrary at your perils of pillaging, and plundering, and your houses fired, and your persons imprisoned. Given under my hand at Evesham this 14th day of October. „ Jo. Loyd. To the Constable and Tything men of Elmley Lovet. Your town being twelve months in arrears to us, the last Month being September. There is one other document without any date or any heading, but which appears to belong to the autumn of 1645. It gives a picture of the misery and desolation that the war had brought about better than any one instance of robbery or rapine. It is as follows : — P- 545- That the Country is fallen into such want and extremity through the number and oppression of the Horse lying upon free quarter that the people are necessitated (their Hay being spent) to feed their Horses with corn, whilst their Children are ready to starve for want of Bread. Their exacting of free quarter, and extorting sums of money for the time of their absence from their quarters, mingled with threats of firing their Houses, their persons with death, and their goods with pillaging. Their barbarous seizing men's persons, and compelling them to ran som themselves with very great sums of money to their undoing; and disabling them to assist his Majesty, and that without any order, or war rant; as (for instance) Mr Foley, the two M's Turvey and many others. Their daily robberies of all Market people, killing and wounding men who resist, and stand on their own defence, their contempt of all disci pline, disobedience to all orders, Quartering where they please and how, p. 546. as long as they list, so it be in security, and without duty. Their opprobious and base language of the Commissioners, inter mingled with scorns and threats. Their assaulting and seizing on the person of Sir Ralph Clare at his own house by one Major Fisher and his company without any Order ; Against whom is reserved exemplary justice and reparation. 24b ANnals. That the quarters which were assigned to the 400 'Horse belonging to this County being taken from them, and allotted to others, hath enforced some officers to give over their Commands; the rest to live upon free quarter, being disabled to recruit their shattered troops. That all the country lying between Severn and Teme, and on the banks of the Severn (which are his Majesty's only secure quarters) And also the parishes adjacent within 4 miles of the City, are by free quarter of the Horse eaten up, undone and destroyed, together with the country lying about Kidderminster and Bewdley, with their several Armies passing to and fro, which should, and could, have plentifully supplied the City with all manner of provisions against the time of a siege. ¥¦ 547- That the Insolencies, oppressions, and Cruelties have already so dis affected and disheartened the people: that they are grown desperate, and are already upon the point of rising everywhere, and do not stick to say that they can find more justice, and more money, in the Enemy's quarters than in the King's. Pillaging and plundering were not confined to the poor, or the small farmer. Townshend himself was made to feel that war knows no exceptions ; he was treated contrary to all orders or warrants, as the following document shews : — p. 682. Mercurii 30 die decembris 1645 apud Wigorn. By his Majesty's Commissioners for safeguarding of the County of Worcester. Whereas Hen. Townshend of Elmley Lovet within the said County Esq1'6 by order of his Highness Prince Maurice then Lieut. -General of his Majesty's Forces in this County, and by warrant from the Quarter master General of his Majesty's Army did quarter the said Commis sioners at his house in Elmley aforesaid (the rest of the parish being assigned to Colonel Wray for his quarters) when his Majesty quartered at Droitwich in the said County. And besides the said Mr Townshend had then 60 of the said Col. Wray's horse forced quarters in his meadows : And yet notwithstanding he is assessed by the Constable, assessors and parishioners of Elmley aforesaid towards the payment of the Composition made for payment of the Quarters of the said Col. Wray when he was absent upon duty. It is therefore thought fit and so now ordered by his Majesty's Commissioners that the said Henry Townshend (for the causes aforesaid) shall be freed and discharged of ANNALS. 24* p. 683. and from any sum or sums of money which are or shall be assessed on him by the parishioners of Elmley for or towards the payment of the said Composition for Quarters, And that the sum assessed on him for the same shall be borne and payed by the rest of the parishioners of Elmley aforesaid proportionably. Copia extracta per Steph. Richardson Cler. Com. Mem. — All these 3 warrants and orders are according to the original. Teste me. „ „ , , H. lownshend. The picture of the county in 1645 is finished with a copy of the orders regulating the Teme Valley Association which met on Woodbury Hill.* They were presented to the Governor on the 6th December 1645, and give a very fair idea of the organi zation of this association for the protection of property : — p. 801. 1Orders for the right regulating of the Association of the North west part of the County of Worcester. i.2 That a strong watch be kept in every particular parish, and upon the discovery of any passengers, whose persons and business are not known, warning to be giveu by the watch by shooting off a gun ; and if any violence be offered to any man's person, house, or goods, that then an alarm be given by the beating of a drum and ringing of bells. 2.2 That upon an alarm given either by day, or night, every man within hearing thereof shall presently repair to the place of the Alarm to assist in the best manner that he can, And if anv man shall negli gently or knowingly refuse to come in, and so to assist, that then upon evident proof made thereof at the next rendezvous he shall be reputed an enemy to the peace of this country, and be denied future protection, and shall be dealt with as if he had never associated. 3.3 That in all our meetings, at our particular and general rendezvous, all Papists and other persons adhering to or holding intelligence with Papists be excluded the field and list of our communications. And if they or any of them shall offer to intrude into our Assemblies, at such p. 802. meetings, and after warning given, will not civilly depart, that they then * See ante, p. 221. In the margin : — 1 Orders. The North East Association presented to the Governor Dec. 6ih, 1645. : The like. 3 The like added. Schismatics. 242 ANNALS. shall be disarmed, and the arms so taken from them shall be delivered to the Constable of each particular parish respectively where such person so disarmed doth dwell, to be kept for his Majesty's service when occa sion shall be to make use of them. 4. That whosoever being of ability of body to do service, or his son or sons, servant or servants to each particular or general rendezvous where the Country doth appoint to meet, that then every person so refusing to come in or send shall be reputed an enemy to the peace of the Country and shall be denied protection. 5. That no Papist, or Popish recusant, or any other adhering or holding intelligence with Papists shall be admitted to associate or to receive the benefit of public protection. 6.4 That all such persons, Popish or otherwise, that are denied pro tection as is expressed in the precedent articles be dealt with in manner following, viz. : 1. That if soldiers upon their march come to desire quarter for a night in any parish, that they be by the Constable billetted at such persons' houses so long as they have provision either for man or horse. p. 803. 2. That if any Horses or Teams be to be pressed for his Majesty's service, that the Constable be not suffered to take any other, so long as any horse or team can be found in the custody or possession of any of the persons abovesaid. 3. That if any man or men be to be pressed for any public em ployment for his Majesty's service, that the Constable be not suffered to take any other person, so long as such are to be found within his constablewick. 4. That if any violence be offered by soldiers or others to the persons and estates of any such, That no one within the Associa tion presume to aid or assist them, upon pain to be excluded from protection himself. 7 J That forasmuch as fair arms are the most necessary defence and for the better encouragement to provide the same, and in regard that many that are already provided of such Arms are men but of mean ability, It is further agreed upon that gunpowder be provided in every parish at the public charge, and every night a quantity be delivered to the watch to supply the discharge of that duty. In the margin : — ¦ 4 The like penalty for 10. 5 The like for Arms. ANNALS. 243 p. 804. 8.6 That if any servant or person of mean ability shall be wounded or maimed in this service, that then care be taken for the cure of his wounds and future maintenance at the public charge of the Hundred wherein such person so wounded or maimed doth dwell or reside at the time of his wound. 9? That these orders be published in every particular parish and that every person be careful to observe the same, as he expects any benefit by this association and mutual protection. 8 Poor men to appear only at second meeting, their masters where they are at work to bear their charges ; where the Alarm given, if refused to appear, not to receive any relief of the parish for him and his family. 9 No meeting upon pain of exclusion the association and benefit of protection. Any person detained by a soldier (except for contribution) without no distress be had ; or other just imposed tax, the whole association to rise and demand justice and satisfaction for losses. 10 Not to lay down arms without the liberty of the prisoner and satisfaction. . But to apprehend any soldier which shall pass from the garrison which hath so detained. The party that will not rise make satisfaction to the party damnified. Charles's fortunes were now desperate. He had neither an army nor money, and any attempt to raise either or both seemed foredoomed to failure. He, however, determined to make a final attempt — a gambler's throw. For this purpose he appointed a celebrated Cavalier officer, Sir Jacob Astley, in 1645 Lord Astley, to go round the garrisons in the Midlands to try to raise an army. This was the advice that some months before Sir Richard Willis had given Charles at Newark, and which he had refused to follow. He now recognized it was his last hope, and accordingly gave Astley the following Commission :— p. 811. Charles by the Grace of God, etc., to Lord Astley, etc. Whereas by our Commission under our great seal bearing date with these presents have constituted Jacob Lord Astley Lieut. General of all In the margin : — 6 The like. 1 The like. 8 The like. 9 8. 10 9. 244 ANNALS. our Forces, Horse, foot and dragoons, of the trained bands, volunteers' and others raised or to be raised within our several Counties of Wor cester, Stafford, Hereford and Salop, and in our cities there, with power to impress men and levy forces for our Service, etc. Whereas information hath been that the settled contributions of the 4 Counties and such other as are in rebellion against us, and not assigned to others, And money assessed and gathered for Delinquents' estates or otherwise for public use in recruiting of forces. If the accounts were truly taken and the arrears paid in and required from them that have received. We authorize certain gentlemen to be our commissioners, etc., together with the said Lord Astley (i) for the County of Worcester and City and such parts of our Counties of Gloucester and Warwick as have been and now are contributing to our Garrison of Worcester or which are or shall be in arms against us or assisting to this Rebellion and not assigned to other Garrisons, You the said Jacob L. Astley our Lieut. Gen., Col. Sam. Sandys, Governor of our Garrison of Worcester, Hen. Ingram, Esq™, High Sheriff, William Evert, Esq™, Mayor of our City of Worcester, Sir Jo. Pakington, K' and Bar*, Sir W. Russell, Bart., Sir Ralph Clare, K' of the Bath, Sir Henry Herbert, Sir Rowland Berkeley, Sir Jo. Winford, Sir Martin Sandys, Sir Ed. Barrett, K', Hen. Bromley of Holt, Col. Herbert Price, Joseph Walsh, William Child, Edward Peverell and Jo. Evet, Esqres, etc., to be our Commis sioners, etc. I. Do give full power and authority to any five or more to assess and buy and to issue out warrants for the payment of Contribution to our Treasurer of War or his deputy at such time and place as you shall think fit and you our Lieut. Gen. shall approve of. 2. The Treasurer to pay the officers and soldiers. For raising or recruiting of forces, providing of arms, etc., as the Commissioners with the consent of Lieut. Gen. and not otherwise, etc. And to make a par ticular account every month, or as often as you shall require, of receipts and disbursements. And the Commissioners to approve or disapprove and control as shall be just and reasonable. p. 812. 3. Commissioners to assemble and meet together at such time and in such places or at such Garrison as you respectively shall agree on ; and to receive, hear, and examine the complaints and Grievances of the inhabitants of all places which shall be brought touching any oppres sion, violence, exaction, imposition, plunder or other injury committed or done by any officer or soldier to the person or persons of any Inhabi- ANNALS. 245 tants within your several divisions, or to any of their goods and estates. And after examine to make known the same [in margin: defect] to our Lieut. General or such as he shall authorize under him in his absence. To the end that such offenders may receive condign punishment and the parties to have right and satisfaction as our Lieut. General shall think fit. 4. Commissioners to inquire and take account of all and singular sums of money, plate, cattle, corn and other provisions for horse and man ; or for arms and Horses have been received since 10 November 18* Car. I. (1642) which hath been taken and levied for us for our use, etc., or under pretence of sequestration of Delinquents' estates against us. Or for trading to London or elsewhere contrary to our proclama tions, etc. And what is found not employed, etc., to be collected by the power of the Lieutenant General and employed for raising of forces, etc. 5. All former grants and assignments to any particular person or persons of any Salary, stipend or sum of money to arise out of Delin quents' estates to cease and determine. 6. To take account and receive all sums of money, goods and other things which shall arise out of Delinquents' estates, and to employ the same for raising and recruiting of new forces, providing of arms or pay ment of soldiers. To call before them any that have meddled herewith and to examine upon oath concerning all the premises. 7. Commissioners with the consent and appointment of Lieutenant General to take musters of all soldiers as often as he and you shall think fit ; That pay may be according to their number. p. 813. 8.1 That no free quarter be imposed upon the country's paying Con tribution unless it be on a march and by direction of Lieutenant General and with the consent of the Commissioners, and that as sparingly as may be. g.3 That no Governor of any Garrison, Commander, officer or soldier shall require or lay any imposition upon any person upon any pretence whatsoever over and above the Contribution, But what provi sions shall be needful for any of our Garrisons shall be sent for by order from our Lieutenant General with the consent of the Commissioners and not otherwise. io.3 That if an officer or soldier shairimprison any person he is to In the margin : — 1 No free quarter. 2 No ransom men's persons. Nor provisions without order. 3 No imprisoning without a charge. 246 ANNALS. shew cause of his so doing to the Commissioners within 24 hours, that they may hear and determine the same and Lieutenant General shall approve. n.4 That if any officer or soldier shall plunder or take any goods of any person upon pretence of delinquency, or otherwise, and shall not bring the goods to the public Treasurer ; felony and robbery ; and the parties to be proceeded against accordingly. 12.5 No Governors, officers or soldiers not to contradict or interrupt the Commissioners, or of any power hereby given, but give them all ready assistance by sending out of parties of Horse and foot for bringing in Contributions or provisions as shall be ordered. That they provide fit accomodations in our Garrisons And be further aiding to them. p. 814. 13. That two of the Commissioners as our Lieutenant General shall think fit to make their residence with him for his assistance, which persons of each county being 8 in all have power with the consent of the Lieutenant General to order and dispose all things which may con cern the general good of the 4 Counties ; or in times of marching or upon other general occasions. 14. To give an account to us, our Treasurer and Chancellor of Exchequer or one of them of your doings. And to observe and to be governed by such further orders or other Instructions as shall be given you under our signet; or shall be given you by Prince Charles. The Commission to continue during pleasure. Dated at Oxford 6° Dec. 210 Car. 1645. In addition to his Commission, Astley received the following secret instructions as to how he was to carry out his duties under the Commission : — p. 815. Abstract. Heads of Instructions to Lord Astley to observe in the exercise of his Majesty's Commission. 1. Into what Forts or Garrison he shall come, the keys of the town every night to be delivered unto him, and the word received from him. 2. A weekly allowance of ^20 per week of the several 4 Counties for his table and stable to begin at the date of the Commission. In the margin : — 4 Soldiers seizing of goods to bring them to the Treasurer. Felony. 5 Governors to assist the Commissioners. ANNALS. 247 3. For his better assistance in assessing and disbursing the Con tributions, Recruiting of forces, taking of accounts of money as have been assessed and gathered in those Counties for public use and our service. In receiving and hearing the complaints of the County have appointed and authorized together with him certain Gentlemen to be helpful (yet subordinate) that is to say for the County and City of Worcester Col. Samuel Sandys, Governor, etc. as in the Commission to the number of 18. 4. That no affront, trouble or Interruption be given or offered to the Commissioners or any of them by any Governor, Commander, officer or soldier of Horse or foot, And if any such affront be done, to take care that right be. done according to his good discretion ; And to assist them in the execution of those things within the compass of the Commission, which they shall conclude and agree upon and he himself shall agree of. p. 816. 5. Failing of payment of contribution to be levied by parties of Horse or foot, and in such manner only as he shall direct and appoint and not otherwise. 6. To prevent (as much as in him lies) all free quarter upon the country paying their contribution and likewise plundering, And to take care no impositions be taxed upon any goods passing by or through our Garrisons by land or by water (but the Excise) And if any governor, officer or soldier shall oppress any Inhabitants, assess or enforce them to make any payments, or take from them any of their goods upon any pretence whatsoever, unless it be for Contribution, and other necessary payments, and that by or according to this order you shall cause severe punishment to be inflicted upon such as shall offend by death, imprison ment or otherwise. And that the value of what they shall so exact to be defaulted out of their pay, if you shall so think fit. 7. To keep the country from Rendezvous and tumultuous assemblies of men without authority from us, Prince Charles or his order: the opposers to punish or remove by force. 8. No troops of Reformadoes of horse to be continued by any Colonel without his knowledge and especial order. To be listed in troops ; to watch and do duty. p. 817. 9. If the City of Worcester or any other Garrison be besieged he may either stay in the Garrison or take the field. 10. To encourage Gentlemen that will raise Horse or foot for service. 11. To have the Allowance and assignment of Prince Maurice had 248 ANNALS. for arms, raising of a Regiment of 1200 foot, The Contribution assigned to him for his Lifeguard of Reformadoes to be employed by him for raising a Regiment of Horse for his use. It is obvious that Astley's task was no easy one, but he discharged it and discharged it well. He was almost successful, and of all the incidents in the war his failure is one of the most pathetic. ( 249 ) CHAPTER VIII. 1646. Matters looked very black for the Royalists at the begin ning of 1646. The King was at Oxford, whither he had gone from N/ewark at the end of 1645. He was without any actual army in the field, but had at last adopted the advice Sir Richard Willis had given at Newark in the previous autumn, when, if it had been acted on, it might have had some result — to collect all the men that could be found in the different scattered garrisons throughout the country, form them into one army and give battle to the Parliament. This task was entrusted to Lord Astley. In the early months of 1646 he was engaged in going round the Worcestershire and other Midland garrisons for this purpose. Meanwhile, at Worcester all kinds of disputes were going on. Foremost then, as always, was the question of pay and free quarters. Townshend gives the following as the authorized rates of pay which was fixed at Oxford for the garrisons under Lord Astley's command in December 1645 : — p. 829. An establishment of pay for the Garrisons and forces within the Counties of Worcester, Stafford, Hereford and Salop made 6° Dec. 1645 at Oxford. per week. Lieut. Gen. ..... Lieut. Gen. of Horse Commissary General of musters and provisions ..... Commissaries 2 deputies, to each Master of the Ordnance . At Bristow. £ s. d. 8 00 00 35 00 00 07 00 00 02 00 00 04 00 00 250 ANNALS. Secretary to the Field Marshal Advocate Gen. Quartermaster Gen. Treasurer at war his 2 clerks, to each The Treasurer's Assistant Provost Marshall General Scout master General A Corporal of the Field . Officers of a Garrison — Governor of a City and the forts belonging to it Governor of a City or fort having not above 400 men .... Major of a Garrison or city where no Deputy Gov1 is Col. Washington .... Advocate of a Garrison . p. 830. Commissary of victuals for a Gar rison ...... Provost Marshall in a Garrison Quartermaster in a Garrison £ s. d. °3 00 OO 02 IO OO °3 00 00 °5 00 00 00 *7 06 0 03 07 06 01 IO 00 02 IO 00 OI OO 00 78 14 OI 21 OO OO 07 OO OO 05 00 00 15 00 00 01 00 00 o. 00 15 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 51 15 00 This reduction in the authorized rate compared with previous scales* was most distasteful to the Royalist officers, especially as the reduced rates were not paid with any regularity. This doubtless led to a continuance of plundering and other exac tions. The matter was brought up at the Epiphany Quarter Sessions, 1646. The Grand Jury made a presentment asking the Court to take steps to relieve them from the oppressive burdens and grievances to which they were subjected by the insolency of the soldiers and other most extreme pressure. The Court sent on the presentment to Lord Astley, asking him to See ante, pp. 125, 153, 176. ANNALS. 251 take steps to remove the grievances, to which he forwarded the following reply : — p. 819. The answer of Lord Astley, Governor, and Commissioners to the several heads of the petition of the Grand Jury at Christmas Sessions Jan. 22° adjourned 1645 f°r the ease and removing of the Grie vances, oppressions and free quarter of the Country. By virtue of the powers and authority granted unto Jacob Lord Astley Field Marshall General of all his Majesty's Forces, and Lieu tenant General of these parts, and his Majesty's Commissioners under the Great Seal of England dated at Oxford 6° of December last for the easing of the Country of their Grievances and regulating the Soldiers, etc. We have taken into serious consideration the humble Petition of the Grand Jury of this present Quarter Sessions delivered unto us for the removal of those several Oppressions, burdens, and grievances wherewith this Country is now afflicted by the Insolency of the soldier, and other most extreme pressures. For a good redress thereof, we do think fit and necessary to order, and by these presents do consent and order — 1. That the aforesaid Commission together with the Instructions thereunto annexed shall effectually be put into execution in its full vigour and power. p. 820. 2. That there shall be a present review of Prince Maurice' Orders made the 30 of Feb. last 1644 and whatsoever may be found therein to conduce for his Majesty's service and the good of the Country shall be approved and continued and also such others added as the present necessities of the time shall be conceived convenient, and that the Grand Jury nominate some Gentlemen who shall attend the examination and perfecting of them. 3. That all Countrymen for all offences either Capital or Criminal (except only such as take up arms against his Majesty or against any of his Garrisons or Forces in the field) shall be henceforward only tried and punished by the known laws of the land, and not at all by a Court of War. Neither shall it be reputed in the Countryman a taking up of arms against his Majesty when he defends his house or goods against any soldiers which shall either enforce quarter without any order, or ticket, from the Commander in chief; or shall offer to assault his person or family, or plunder any of his goods, nor though he oppose or deny 252 ANNALS. quarter, yet he or they for such opposition shall upon complaint be severely punished. 4. That in the absence of my Lord Astley, Lieutenant General of this County, the Commissioners shall have equal power and authority p. 821. with such person or persons whom he shall entrust with the Command of the Country in all matters which concern the regulating of the sol diers, and doing justice to the Countryman in his Complaints, and whatsoever the Governor and Commissioners or the Major part of them shall order and decree shall be of full power and validity therein. 5. That the works for the fortifying the Garrison must go on, and warrants are already issued out for the arrears amounting to ^2000 which is due out of many parishes within this county for the Fortifica tions : And the Grand Jury are desired to take care that money be paid and brought in, otherwise a new tax must of necessity be imposed until the works be finished. And if the said Arrears be paid in, no further charges shall be imposed. And there shall be a certain number of parishes to either Garrisons to the works allotted to perfect the same with all speed. Excepting the works of Severn Bridge which is expected and required to be speedily perfected by the Towns of Oyer within the Hundred of Doddingtree, according to their engagement of Rood works to Prince Maurice. 6. That all foreign parties of Horse or Foot belonging to any of his Majesty's armies in their march through the Country shall be con- p. 822. tented with such free quarter and entertainment as the parish, place, or person can give, And at their departure or during their time of stay shall not seize upon any man's person to enforce a Ransom, lay any tax or sum of money upon any parish, place or person, nor plunder their houses, horses or goods, But if any such insolency be done the country man may lawfully oppose and defend himself therein. And complain to the Lieutenant General, Governor or Commissioners and exemplary justice shall be done on the offenders. Neither shall they quarter above one night in a place except upon orders from the Lieutenant General upon a very pressing occasion. Whereby their stay is prolonged for the better advancement of his Majesty's service. 7. That in all towns and parishes which are under the protection of his Majesty's Garrisons and where any arrears behind of Contribution will come in and upon account submit themselves for the payment thereof. In all such places, towns and parishes no man's person what- ANNALS. 253 soever that payeth his own Contribution shall be imprisoned, or his Horses, cattle or goods seized on for the neglect or obstinacy of others' defaults, But in such parishes or places which refuse to pay, and put themselves under the protection of the enemy, that whosoever is there taken must expect to be responsible for the Contribution of the whole parish. p. 823. 8. That all persons of what quality soever shall have upon Market days free Ingress, Egress and Regress to the City of Worcester with their provisions, Horse, cattle or goods, without any imprisonment of their persons or detaining of their goods upon any pretence of Arrear of Contribution due to the soldier of the Garrison, either for himself or for any other person within his parish. And shall also have guards appointed for their security. And if any Commander, officer or soldier shall break this order, both reparation and good satisfaction shall be made to the Complainant and severe Justice shall be done to the offenders. 9. That the Treasurer of the Fortifications of Hartlebury (as he hath been twice already ordered) do come and give unto us a true and perfect account upon Oath, what parishes were allotted to work at the Fortifi cations there. The number of persons daily charged on every parish and by whom ; how long the said parishes have been so charged, what sums of money hath been imposed weekly upon several parishes in lieu of men and teams, what sums have been received, what is in Arrear, and what hath been disbursed to the works. p. 824. 10. The Lieutenant General is resolved that his Residence shall be in this Garrison, to be more ready, and near to give redress to all Com plaints and grievances of the Country, and intends not to be away but upon his Majesty's special service and command. 11. The Fees of the Advocate shall be speedily made certain in par ticular, so likewise shall all Marshall's Fees and all other Charges for diet, lodging or any other thing known. And if either the Advocate or Marshall of the Garrisons or belonging to any Regiment shall exact excessive Fees over and above, or beside those mentioned in the Settle ment, upon Complaint made thereof, severe justice shall be done accord ing to the quality of the offence. And that a Court of War may sit at least once a week and may be kept. Astley did not stop at merely replying to the Grand Jury's 2^4 ANNALS. presentment. He put forward the two following proposals, which he alleged if accepted would get rid of the necessity for free quarter for soldiers except when on the march : — p. 825. Jan. 220 1645. Propositions made by Lord Astley, Governor and Commissioners to the Grand Jury. 1. It is desired by the Lord Astley, Sir Charles Lucas and the Commissioners that the Grand Jury (who are the representative body of the County) would take order that two or more of the sufficient men of every parish may be responsible for the payment of the Contribution that so there may be no occasion for sending the soldier to collect it. 2. It is also desired that for the quartering the Horse of this County within the Garrison of Worcester the Grand Jury will take order from the several parishes that sufficient proportion of Hay and Oats be brought in That is to say from the adjacent parishes in kind, and from the more remote their proportion in money. And likewise that they take care for victualling of the Garrison according as the Governor and Commissioners shall think fit. These two being observed, it will enable his Lordship and the Commissioners to free the Country from all free quarters except upon a march. Astley could hardly have expected the Grand Jury to agree to these proposals. They did not like directly to refuse lest a worse fate should come upon them, so they returned the following evasive answer : — p. 826. Jan. 230 1645. The Grand Jury's answer to the propositions made by my Lord Astley and the Commissioners. 1. It is a work beyond their power to enforce by their order any sino-le persons to be responsible or engaged for the Contribution of the whole parish, yet for the better encouragement of others, they will not only upon demand deposit their own Contributions but also acquaint their neighbours what ease of their extraordinary pressures they are likely to receive by this good Commission, and what a hopeful issue is like to succeed, when every man will willingly and readily pay his taxes, which denied will be enforced upon them by constraint and be an occa sion of soldiers coming to collect it. 2. Though extremely disabled even to poverty itself by continued taxes and impositions, yet to prevent an utter ruin of our Country, when ANNALS. 2$$ we are informed for what number of Horse provisions of Hay and Oats are to be brought in (for we desire all the Horse of the County to lie in the Garrison of Worcester), and for how long, and what provisions of victuals are in the magazine, and elsewhere, and what quantity of pro visions more is desired, we shall not be backward to yield such assistance as our now much weakened powers will enable us. Desiring to under stand what satisfaction shall be made for the same and by whom. What was the result of this dispute does not appear. Townshend had his own private difficulties. He made a complaint to Lord Astley and the Worcestershire Commissioners that the assessors of the Monthly Contribution for Hampton Lovett had assessed his farm at Crutch to Hampton Lovett, while in fact it was not and had never been part of that parish. That soldiers had been improperly quartered on his tenants. His complaint seems to have been justified, as the Commissioners made the following order in his favour : — P- 551- Veneris xvi die Januarii 1645 apud Wigorn. Whereas Henry Townshend of Elmley Lovet, Esqre, hath complained unto us, that the Assessors of the Monthly Contributions of the parish of Hampton Lovet have lately assessed his Farm of Crutch (in the possession of Henry Fisher and the Widow Tolley his tenants) towards the Monthly Contributions of that parish, though it be manifest that the said farm is neither within the parish nor Constablewick of Hampton Lovet, nor hath ever been taxed therewith, But being heretofore parcel of the possessions of the Nunnery of Westwood, hath ever since the dissolution thereof belonged and appertained to the Lords of the Manor of Elmley Lovet, and so doth at this present, as assistant to them in these extraordinary payments. And further complained that when any soldiers have been quartered within the said parish of Hampton Lovet, Dodderhill or Elmbridge, The Constables and parishioners there have generally quartered a great part of them upon his said tenants though their houses be (as aforesaid) out of their parishes and Constablewicks, to the great charges and losses of his said Tenants for redress of which grievances and for relief of the said Mr Townshend and his said tenants, P- 552- and to prevent all differences that may hereafter arise touching the said Contributions, quartering of soldiers and other military charges. It is 25°" ANNALS. now ordered that the Assessors of the Monthly Contributions of the said parish of Hampton Lovet shall not from henceforth assess the said Mr Townshend or any of his tenants towards the Monthly Contributions or other Military charges of the said parish of Hampton, for or in respect of the said farm of Crutch, or any part thereof, or any the lands there unto belonging; And if they have already assessed the said Mr Towns hend or his Tenants towards any the said Contributions or other Military charges That he and they shall be discharged thereof, and that the same shall be laid and assessed on the whole parish of Hampton proportion ately. And that the Constables and parishioners of Hampton Lovet and Dodderhill shall not send, or give order to send any soldiers (here after quartered in their or either of their parishes) to quarter at the Houses of the said Henry Fisher and Widow Tolley, or either of them, P- 553- or upon any other part of the said farm of Crutch. And in case any soldiers so sent or ordered by any the said Constables or parishioners of Hampton or Dodderhill to quarter on the said Farm of Crutch or any part thereof shall force or take any quarter there, that the Constables or parishioners which shall so send or give order to send the said soldiers to quarter there, shall make reparation and satisfaction for the same quarter (so forced or taken) to the said Mr Townshend or his said Tenants. And it is further ordered that the said farm of Crutch, and the occupiers thereof, shall from henceforth be contributors and assistant with their Monthly Contributions to the said Mr Townshend, as belong- ng and annexed to his demesnes of his Manor of Elmley Lovet, and to no other parish or places. And that the tenants of the said Farm of Crutch shall join with and assist the Constablewick and parish of Elmbridge, and no other parish or place, in the quartering of such soldiers as shall be imposed upon or assigned to them to quarter accord ing to the proportion of their Estates and no otherwise. And we require that the said Constables and parishioners of Hampton, Dodder hill and Elmbridge do conform themselves to this order until they shall and do shew good cause before us to the contrary. Jos. Walsh. Hen. Ingram, Vic. Com. Ed. Pennell. R. Clare. To the Constables and Assessors Row. Berkeley. of Hampton Lovet. Mart. Sandys. There was another matter in which Townshend was mixed up— the accounts of the late Sheriff Daniel Dobbyns.* Towns- * See ante, p. 167. ANNALS. 257 hend owed, or was alleged to owe, Dobbyns money ; but as Dobbyns had been declared a delinquent, the Royalists, who were looking everywhere for any money they could get, thought it would be well to make Townshend pay over the balance, ^70 16s. iod., which was due from Townshend to Dobbyns, to them. Astley accordingly made the following order : — p. 651. At the Cardinal's Hat in Worcester on Thursday the (2th day of Feb. 1645. Henry Ingram Sir Edward Barrett \ Sir Will. Russell Will. Evett, Mayor > Commissioners. Sir Martin Sandys Edward Pennell J Whereas it doth appear to the said Commissioners that Henry Townshend, Esq", by his own acknowledgment hath received several sums of money amounting in the whole to the sum of ^70 i6B iod out of Mr Dobbins' Estate (who is a Delinquent according to his Majesty's Instructions) lying in the County of Worcester; and it now appeareth to the said Commissioners that Francis Walker hath disbursed the sum of ^224 16s 8a in Iron Guns, Bullets and Grenadoes for his Majesty's Garrisons of Worcester and Hartlebury. It is therefore thought fit by the Ritrht Hon"lc the Lord Astley and the said Commissioners That the said Mr Townshend shall forthwith pay the said ^70 16s ioa to Sir Robert Howard, Knight of the Bath, who hath the sum of j£J224 16s 8d aforesaid assigned to him by the said Francis Walker, which is ordered accordingly. Jacob Asteley. Copia examinata Westwood, Cler. Com™. Townshend was very indignant at this order being made against him. He knew nothing of it ; he had not been heard in his defence, and had good reasons to allege against it. Next day, the 12th February, he sent in the following petition : — p. 652. To the Right Honble the Lord Astley, Lieut.-General of his Majesty's Forces, etc., and his Majesty's Commissioners, etc. The Humble petition of Henry Townshend, Esq" Humbly sheweth — That whereas vour Lordship was pleased yesterday being the T2th of February to sign an order for him to repay the sum of ^70 16' io4 to 2$8 ANNALS. the Honble Sir Robert Howard, which your petitioner received out of the Rents of Mr Dobbins, a delinquent, without any hearing what your petitioner could say in his own defence, do most humbly pray that your lordship would be pleased That your Lordship and the Commissioners for Delinquents' Estates and the other Commissioners will be pleased, that there may be a time assigned for a fair hearing thereof And then shall leave it to your justice to censure him as the right of his cause shall challenge. For which he shall ever pray, etc. Townshend followed this petition up by a long statement of reasons why he ought not to be asked to pay over the money. They throw rather an instructive light on Rupert's mode of doing business in the county : — V- °~53- October 30th 1645. Mr Townshend's reasons for the detaining of the £70 i6E iod received out of Mr Dobbins' Estate. 1. That Mr Townshend ought not to repay the sum of £70 16s iod according to an order made by the Commissioners of Delinquents' Estates within this County 12th of February 1645. He humbly presents to the Commissioners his Highness Prince Rupert's reference to them May 9,h 1644 at Shrewsbury* concerning which Mr Townshend hath never received any positive Answer, neither could he well press the same: Forasmuch as his Majesty had regranted the benefit of all [in margin: Feb. 11th 1644] delinquents' Estates for the advancement of the Association, under the great Seal, during the time his petition was in Agitation, which Association never took effect. 2. He humbly presents these Inferences upon Prince Rupert's Reference. 1. That if the Allegation of the petitioners be true that then the Commissioners are to take further order for the petitioner's release and to give his Highness an Account. 2. That the Allegations are true in such sort as they are therein set forth in every particular, viz. That — Mr Daniel Dobbins was High Sheriff of Worcester 1642 ut pat. Mr Townshend bound for £200 with him to M"-' Evett for the payment of £100 with Interest, 1642 ut pat. * Set ante, p. 168. ANNALS. 259 Mr Dobbins made an assignment to Mr Townshend for the receiving of his Rents to satisfy the bond Dec. 1643 ut pat. In Register's Hands. Mr Townshend received part of Michaelmas Rent due out of Kidderminster and Christmas Rent £50 due from Martley in p. 654. December 1643, which was before the date of either the Commis sion of delinquents' estates now in being and also before his Highness Prince Rupert's Grand Commission [in margin : In January 1643] for disposal of Estates. The £10 Alimony money was given to Mrs Dobbins by her petition by letter; which was shewed to some of the Commis sioners for safeguarding the County which conceived it reasonable in respect she and her five children were ready to starve for want of present subsistence. 3. Since the allegations are true as thev are set down in the petition, the petitioner doth humbly desire the Commissioners that they would be pleased to afford him that right and Justice (as they have done to Mr Broad and others who have brought orders from Prince Rupert to receive Mr Dobbins Rents) and have had orders from them for confir mation thereof, to receive the residue of the moneys for satisfaction of the said engagement out of Mr Dobbins' estate, and that the late order made 12th of February 1645 may be reversed. 4. Though Sir William Russell had a former Commission for Delinquents' Estates, yet it was superseded by this present Commis sion ; and the money received of Mr Dobbins' Estate was between both, the first called in, and the second Commission not passed under the Great Seal until after Christmas. Howsoever Prince Rupert having by his P- 655- Grand Commission power to dispose of delinquents' estates, and did dispose of them; and the Commissioners in case of Captain Broad did grant orders for him to receive Mr Dobbins' Rents, by virtue of Prince Rupert's Orders; the like justice doth the petitioner* expert from the Commissioners. 5. That if the petitioner were liable to return an Account of the Rents received after sequestration, he cannot be liable for such Rents and Lands as were never sequestered, or questioned which was the Rents of Kidderminster, which was ^'xx xviB xd. And as for that of Martley which is £50, if they please to allow the Alimony money for the neces sary relief of Mrs Dobbins and five children, there is only ^40 in question. * " Mr. Townshend " struck out. 260 ANNALS. 6. Prince Rupert upon the petitioner's complaint did conceive that the Rents received by the petitioner and paid in by him for and towards satisfaction of the said bond was a thing reasonable and just, which is fully implied in the words " (that they take such further order) " so that his Highness Prince Rupert approved that order which the petitioner took before towards the discharge of the said bond, or otherwise what needed those words " to take further order." 7. The Law is the rule of Justice, And by the Law no man's estate is forfeited before Conviction, Mr Dobbins (though a Delinquent) yet never was attainted by any legal trial, though there have been a Com mission of Oyer and Terminer sent down for the trial of Delinquents, and never as yet sat upon. p. 656. 8. Though Sir William Russell had a former Commission for Delinquents' Estates yet it was superseded by this, and this also may be questioned as to be superseded by Prince Rupert's Grand Commis sion, By virtue whereof M1' Townshend doth aver that the Prince confirmed his concerning the Rents, and referred the rest to the Examin ation of the Commissioners and to them to relieve him. It does not appear how the matter ended. Another document a little later in date, 3rd March 1646, may have some bearing on the case. It is a protection signed by Lord Astley for Mrs. Dobbyns setting out that she is a good Royalist, pays her contribution, and ought not to be molested : — p. 679. Jacob Lord Astley, Baron of Reading, Lieut. General of his Majesty's Counties of Worcester, Hereford, Salop and Stafford, and Field Marshal General of his Majesty's Army. Whereas I am truly informed of the loyalty and good affection of M's [Ursula Dobbins obliterated] U. D. wife of Mr D. D. of etc. she bcareth unto his Majesty and Cause, And for that she hath and duly doth pay her Contribution towards the maintenance of his Majesty's Army, and all other incident charges and taxes whatsoever, These are therefore to require and command all Officers and Soldiers of his Majesty's Army, and all others whom it may concern, that they and every of them do forbear to molest, trouble or interrupt the person of the said Mrs U. D. wife of Mr D. D. aforesaid, her Children or Servants, nor any their goods, household stuff. Cattle, Horses, Hay, Corn or any ANNALS. 26l other goods, to drive, plunder or carry away by violence any the goods appertaining to her the said MT" U. D. Hereof you nor any of you may fail as you will answer the Contrary at your utmost perils. Given under my Hand and seal this 3rd day of March 1645. Jacob Astley. To all Commanders, Officers and Soldiers of his Majesty's Army, Garrisons, Forts or Castles, or any others whom it may concern. The protection of Mrs. Dobbyns was one of Astley's last acts in the county as Lieutenant-General. The army he had been collecting from all the forts and strongholds in the Midlands was at that date assembled at Worcester. One of Astley's difficulties was to feed them. Nothing shews better the straits to which he was reduced than the following order to the Governor of Hartlebury : — p. 548. To Captain William Sandys, Governor of Hartlebury Castle. By reason of the present necessity of this Garrison you are hereby authorized and appointed to use your uttermost diligence to force the payment of the 36th month's Contribution of the towns subscribed in unto you within ten days next after the date hereof, Letting the Inha bitants of the said towns know That although regularly the same should not be paid before the next month, yet the free and cheerful performance thereof will be a very acceptable service at the present. And as they shew their readiness herein, they shall have so much the longer time given them for the payment of the next. But if they are backward and slight in the performance, they must expect to have it forced double with the strictest security that may be. Given under our hands, this 12th day of March 1645. Hartlebury. Row. Berkeley. Jacob Astley. Elmley Lovet. Jos. Walsh. Hen. Ingram, vie. Chaddesley Corbett. Anth. Langston. Hen. Washington. Belbroughton. R. Clare. Wolverley. The next week Astley marched with his men towards Oxford. He managed to get just over the Worcestershire boundary at Donnington, near Stow on the Wold. Here on the 21st March 262 ANNALS. the united forces of Morgan, Byrch and Brereton surrounded and defeated him, compelling his and his army's surrender, thus putting an end to the first Civil War so far as operations in the field were concerned. In Townshend's Diary the following note comes after the order to the Governor of Hartlebury : — p. 548. Mem. — This month beforehand was for the advance of the captain and soldiers with my Lord Astley's army in the field. And whereas this is spoken of the 36th month's Contribution not due until April. The Governor of Hartlebury reckons and received this month of March his 36th month and the Advance to him of April is our 37th month and in all his parishes assigned. Nothing could shew more clearly the state to which the Royalists were reduced than for Townshend to have to explain that the Worcestershire Commissioners did not desire to enforce the payment of monies to support an army that had surrendered. While Astley was vainly trying to maintain the King's cause in the field, the Worcestershire Royalists were quarrelling over their private rights. As has been already stated, Townshend asserted that Crutch belonged to him,* and obtained an order that it should not be levied on for contributions. Having done this he was attacked by his neighbour Sir John Pakington, who alleged that Crutch should pay to Hampton Lovett. P- 554- 6th March 1645. The state of the cause between Sir Jo. Pakington and Mr Townshend concerning the paying of Crutch Farm Contri bution to Hampton Lovet. Crutch is a peculiar, once belonging to the Nunnery of Westwood within this County. And upon the dissolution sold by Henry 8 to Charles Acton, Esq10, in as large and ample manner as the Nunnery enjoyed it, and for all services, dues and demands pays per annum to the King 32s. * See ante, p. 255. ANNALS. 263 [In margin: Q.J A monthly Contribution of ^3000 being rated on this County Hampton Lovet taxeth Crutch as an appurtenant. [In margin: reason] 1. Because it did anciently pay assessments to the Council of the Marches, Carriages, etc. 2. The farmers of Crutch did christen 80 year since and bury at Hampton, and all Religious places after dissolution were to be appropriated to some place or parish. [In margin: Sol.] 1. To the Assessments shewed it is answered: 1. They are without date, subscription of hands, or any mark of pay ment by erasing. 2. If the Tenant had consented and paid, this can be no prejudice to the Landlord in reversion, especially being done by Mr Wheeler, who haply in respect he was put back from purchasing the reversion and so was Sir Thomas Pakington and this assessment being made (as by all Circumstance of time) presently after the dissolution was being likewise put by the purchaser, thought covertly to tax it, and so in time to bring it into payment. 3. Wheeler enjoyed the lease from the Nunnery being for 70 years which ended about 20tl Eliz. But there can no tax or assessment be shewed there ever since that time. For about that time it fell into the hands of Charles Acton, Esqre, who never paid any tax with Hampton Lovet, nor his son Sir John all his life time. Both of them using the said farm in their own possession which con tinued until 21st Jac. which was 45 years nor the heirs of Sir John which is Henry Townshend, Esqle, of Elmley Lovett, to this present 1645, but have opposed it ever. To the second. That Wheeler who occupied Crutch was a Hampton Lovet man : the original lease titles being of Hampton ; and being of Hampton (though he used Crutch) he may both marry, bury and christen. And shall a man that dwells in one parish rent a peculiar in another place, draw that peculiar to the other, unless the law first settle it so likewise John Tew tenant to My Lady Acton. P- 555- * 3. Crutch was a peculiar and belonged to Westwood; it had a Chapel called S* James ; it hath all tithes, etc. and as free from tax (as by Charter appeareth) as when it belonged to the Nunnery. Now all religious places were exempt from taxes (except such as an Act of Par liament imposeth). And therefore [obliteration] not liable to any tax, which is due by any private power. 4. Hampton Lovet cannot produce, no not one assessment ever since it came to Mr Charles Acton's possession (which is above 60 years) for payment of levies with them at all. A bare assessement, no proof without paying.* * * written along the margin of the page. 264 ANNALS. Veneris 6° die Martii 1645 apud Wigorn. Sir William Russell. FitzWilliam Coningsby. Sir Edward Littleton. Edward Pennell. Sir Rowland Berkeley. Anthony Langston. Sir Martin Sandys. Upon hearing and debating of the difference touching the farm of Crutch in what parish it is or to or with what parish it ought to be assessed and pay towards the Monthly Contributions, and other Military Charges of this County, in the presence of Sir John Pakington, Baronet, and other the parishioners of Hampton Lovet, alleging and shewing that the said farm hath been formerly assessed and paid with the said parish of Hampton, And also in the presence of Henry Townshend, Esqre, and other the parishioners of Elmley Lovet alleging it ought to be assessed and pay with that parish by way of Assistance and not with Hampton. It is thought fit and so ordered that the said difference be referred to the next General Quarter Sessions to be held for this County when the said business is to receive further examination and deter mination. And it is ordered in the intermission that the said farm of Crutch aud the occupiers thereof shall be assessed and pay with the parish of Hampton Lovet towards the said Monthly Contributions and other Military Charges. The dispute being referred to the next Quarter Sessions to settle, in ordinary course they would have been held at Easter, but on the 26th March a Parliamentary army under Morgan summoned Worcester to surrender, when some fighting took place. Morgan marched away, but it was obvious the siege was only postponed for a short time, so instead of holding Sessions the place prepared for a siege. Accordingly, acting on the advice of friends and having regard to the necessities of the times, the parties came to the compromise shewn in the following documents : — P- 556- Mercurii 8° Aprilis 1646 apud Wigorn. By his Majesty's Com missioners for the County of Worcester. Whereas the settling of a difference between Sir John Pakington, Baronet, and Henry Townshend, Esq™, touching the Contribution of ANNALS. ' 265 Crutch Farm was referred to the General Quarter Sessions of the peace to be holden for this Countv, now for that the said difference cannot yet receive any hearing and settlement in respect no Sessions hath sithence been held, The said parties (upon the mediation of friends) have assented that from henceforth that part of the said Farm now in the occupation of Henry Fisher shall pay the Monthly Contributions to and with the parish of Elmley Lovet, and that the other part thereof now in the occupation of Widow Tolley shall pay to and with the parish of Hampton Lovet, until the said difference can be tried at law, which we do (by consent of the said parties) order accordingly. In the presence of the said Henry Townshend, and of Sir Martin Sandys, Knight, testifying the said Sir John Pakington's consent thereunto. Hen. Ingram, Vic. This order was not approved of and Will. Russell. therefore altered as followeth. Edw. Littleton. R. Clare. Row. Berkeley. John Winford. Anth. Langston. So far as the Diary shews, the dispute was ended on the following terms : — P- 557- Mercurii 8° die Aprilis 1646 apud Wigorn. By his Majesty's Commissioners for the County of Worcester. Whereas the settling of a difference between Sir John Pakington^ Baronet, and Henry Townshend, Esqre, touching the Contributions of Crutch Farm was referred to the General Quarter Sessions of the peace to be holden for this County. Now for that the said difference cannot yet receive any hearing and settlement, in respect no Sessions hath sithence been held. The said parties upon mediation of friends (as Sir Martin Sandys avers) have assented that from henceforth, one part of the said Farm shall pay monthly Contributions to and with the parish of Elmley Lovet, and that the other part thereof shall pay to Hampton Lovet, until the said difference can be tried by law. It is therefore thought fit and so ordered That that part of the said Farm which is in the possession of the said Mr Townshend, or of Henry Fisher his under Tenant shall pay with Elmley Lovet, and that part which is in the pos- 266 ANNALS. session of Widow Tolley shall pay Contribution to and with the parish of Hampton Lovet, until the said difference be decided by Lawe. Edw. Littleton. R. Clare. Row. Berkeley. John Winford. Mar. Sandys. Antho. Langston. The last document relating to Worcester is a sad one. It is entitled : — p. 540. May Ist, 1646. There was an Oath agreed between the Governor, Commissioners, Gentry, Mayor and Citizens for mutual assistance as followeth : We whose names are here subscribed do in the presence of Almighty God solemnly swear that we will stick to and be true to another. That is The Governor, Officers, Gentry and soldiers, to the Mayor, Aldermen, Citizens, Townsmen and soldiers of this City of Worcester. And the Mayor, Aldermen, Citizens, Townsmen and soldiers To the Governor, Officers, Gentry and soldiers of this City and Garrison of Worcester in the preservation and defence of this Garrison and City of Worcester and the forts and strengths thereto belonging for his Majesty's service. And will not consent to the surprisal or delivering up of the same without the mutual consent of each other. So help me God, etc. The shadow of the coming siege was upon them, and possibly the best commentary on the oath is the conduct of the Mayor and citizens during the siege.* A pass given by Sir Thomas Fairfax to someone named J. P. to go to London from Oxford is given. Oxford formally sur rendered on Wednesday the 24th June, and this is probably the form of Pass issued under the Articles of Surrender : — p. 678. Sir Tho. Fairfax, Knight, General of the Forces raised by the Parliament. Suffer the bearer hereof Mc J. P. with his Servant, Horses and Arms, who was in the city of Oxford at the surrender thereof, and is to have the full benefit of the Articles agreed unto upon the surrender, Quietly and without let or interruption to pass your Guards, with one Servant, * See ante Part I., pp. 128, 179. ANNALS. 267 Horses, Arms, Goods and all other Necessaries, And to repair unto London, or elsewhere upon his necessary occasions. And in all places where he shall reside, or where he shall remove, to be protected from any violence to his person, Goods or Estate according unto the said Articles. And to have full liberty at any time within Six Months to go to any Convenient Port, and to transport himself with one Servant, Goods and Necessaries, beyond the seas: And in all other things to enjoy the benefit of the said Articles. Hereunto due obedience is to be given by all persons whom it may concern, as they will answer the contrary. Given under my Hand and Seal this 23"1 day of June 1646. T. Fairfax. To all officers and Soldiers under my Command and to all others whom it may concern. The last* of the Townshend papers for 1646 consists of some verses on the result of the war, whether his own or not does not appear : — p. 684. May iBt 1646. There was a gentleman who being very melancholy at those dis tracted times and the infinite miseries that hath befallen this Late Flourishing Kingdom, Falls in a discontented humour or Rapture to decipher the persons mystically and in a Riddle, leaving the Reader to unriddle, who are the only Troublers of the peace of the Church and State. There dwells a people on the Earth That reckons True Religion, Treason. That makes sad Wars, an holy Mirth, Count, madness, real, and nonsense, Reason. That think no freedom, but in slavery, That makes lies, truth, Religion, knavery. That Rob and Cheat with Yea and Nay, Riddle me, riddle me, who are they ? That makes kings great, by Curbing Crowns, That settle peace by plundering Towns. That Govern with Implicit Votes, That establish Truth by cutting Throats. That kiss their master and betray, Riddle me, riddle me, who are they ? * The account of the siege of Worcester that covers the period between May and Angust 1646 has been printed in Part I., p. 99, ( 268 ) CHAPTER IX. 1646 — 1660. From the date of the surrender of Worcester, the 23rd July 1646, to May 1660 there are very few entries in the Diary. Under the terms of his pass* Townshend was to be allowed "without let or interruption to pass the guards, with his servants, three horses, arms, goods and other baggage on horseback, and to repair to Elmley Lovett within the county of Worcester, London or elsewhere upon his necessary occasions." He was to have full liberty " at any time within two months to go to any convenient port and transport himself with his servants and necessaries beyond the seas." Of this last privilege it does not appear that Townshend availed himself. He returned to Elmley Lovett and remained there until 1660. His Diary does not contain — and it was hardly to be expected that it would — any allusion to the Royalist plots between 1646 and the King's death ; nor is there any mention of the Scotch invasion by Charles II. in 1651, nor of anything during the Protectorate except those two fragments of a Diary from April 1653 to January 1657 which have been already printed. f As far as appears Townshend remained quietly at Elmley Lovett until better times came. One matter occurred in 1649 which gives a very striking illustration of how the Parliament used their powers as to raising money. The Statute 16 Car. I., c. 9, authorized the raising of £400,000 upon the Kingdom of England and Wales, and apportioned the money among the different counties. Worcestershire's share was * See ante, p. 192. ¦(• See ante, Part I., p. 22, ANNALS. 269 £5802 10*. 6d.* Of this the Hundred of Halfshire bore a fifth, £1160 10s. id., and of the fifth Elmley Lovett had to pay £20. The three Commissioners for raising the money were Henry Townshend, Philip Brace and Roger Lowe. Only a small pro portion of the money had been raised, so it struck the Parliament that to enforce the payment of the balance would be a good way of putting them in funds. In Michaelmas term 1649 a distringas was moved for in the Court of Exchequer ordering the Commis sioners to return what they had done towards performing their duties and raising the money. The distringas was served on the surviving Commissioners, and Townshend gives the certificate he and his colleagues as Commissioners sent to the Court shewing why they had not fully discharged their Commission. The document runs thus : — p. 228. Mem. in the year 1649 in Michaelmas Term there came a distringas out of the Exchequer to all the Commissioners of the County for to return what they had done in the executing the Commission in the £400,000 granted. For that the late civil and unhappy wars beginning in September 1643 between King and Parliament and the money that month was to be collected so that little or none was paid unto the High Collector Mr Cole, we made this return and certificate into the Exchequer for our indemnity. Sir Edward Barrett keeping the estreat unreturned to the Treasurers above by reason of the soldiers coming into the country at that time. p. 229. To the right Honourable the Lord Chief Baron and the rest of the Barons of the Exchequer. 1. These are to certify the honourable Court that whereas we amongst others in the year 1642 were appointed by Act of Parliament commissioners for the County of Worcester upon the Act of £400,000, whereof the county of Worcester was assessed at £5802 168 o6d And the hundred of Halfshire therein (to which we were allotted and assigned) was to pay £1160 io9 oi, the moiety whereof being £580 05s ood was * See ante, p. 49. M 27O ANNALS. then to be assessed and paid in beside some surplusage money for Recusancy and the other moiety in November following, Have per formed our duties according to our powers, by causing the said sum of £580 5s od and £30 surplusage money for recusancy to be assessed and was assessed in every parish of our limit and hundred, and the assess ments by the assessors returned into our hands. 2. That we nominated one M1' Anthony Cole of Chadwick in the parish of Bromsgrove to be High Collector and each particular parish their sub-collectors. 3. That the said Mr Anthony Cole entered into bond of £1160 for the true performance of his place. 4. That the estreats between Mr Cole and us were engrossed in parchment whereof the said Mr Cole had one part and the other part with his bond we now return up, though offered to be sent up within a short time after the execution of the said Commission ; but by reason of the late unhappy wars breaking forth in our county was kept safe until this opportunity. 5. That all sub-collectors (as the High Collector sayeth) had their general assessments sent into them in every parish throughout the hundred to collect the same. 6. That some sub-collectors have paid in their moneys to Mr Cole the High Collector, as he did lately inform some of us ; but what were the sums and from whence he can best inform : and we probably believe much hath been collected by the several constables and sub-collectors in their several parishes, who many of them have since been dead and so the accounts and receipts lost. And how and to whom the moneys have been paid or enforced to be paid by the soldiery in the time of the late wars, the sub-collectors living can best give an account. p. 230. 7. That in respect of the late wars growing to be violent and the peace of the country here very much disturbed the latter moiety of the £1 160 10s od was never assessed by us at all, as we can remember. 8. That Mr Roger Lowe and Mr Nicholas Gower our fellow Com missioners be dead. That this certificate may be our present sufficient vindication, and clear and free us from any further trouble and question, for which we shall ever rest your lordships' humble servants, Worcester, 9th Nov. 1649. Edward Barrett. Hen. Townshend. Philip Brace. ANNALS. 27! The matter appears to have rested, as nothing more was heard of it until April 165 1, when the probability of a naval war with Holland, as well as the state of things in Scotland, made the need for money urgent. Accordingly a further order was then made for a report of what money had been raised and what remained to be raised. To this the following return was made : — p. 230. Mem. — yA April 1651 we received another summons by M1' Jo. Summers, under sheriff, about the aforesaid subsidy of £400,000 out of the Exchequer, to which this answer was sent to the Barons of the Exchequer : Worcester, 18th April 1651. Right Honourable, That having lately received your Lordships' second writ of summons concerning the £400,000 subsidy, which should have levied in the year 1642, we make bold once more humbly to present to your Lordships that in Michaelmas term 1649 we had the like summons and thereupon we returned by the hands of M1' John Summers, then deputy Sheriff of the county, the counterpart of our estreats between Mr Anthony Cole, High Collector for the same and his bond, and ourselves; together with a certificate of all proceedings therein, which was (as Mr Summers avers) delivered by him into your honourable court, to which we may refer ourselves, being not able to add any better return of our service, and we hope so very full and satisfactory according to the powers granted by Parliament, and give your honours such plenary satisfaction whereby we may receive the discharge of the court from further question or trouble, which favour bestowed and justice to us we shall engage to requite. your Lordship's humble servants, E[dward] B[arrett], H[enry] T[ownshend], This did not satisfy the Court of Exchequer, for Townshend goes on to say : — p. 232. Mem. the * July 1651 we received a 3rd summons about our £400,000, and 10s fine for our pretended neglect. But we returned the same answer as we did in the 2 summonses by Mr Jo. Summers, * Blank in MS. 472 ANNALS. Under-Sheriff, and returned our answer by him, and gave him i0« for his care and solicitation. August 1651. In August 1 65 1 the Government had something else to do than collect the arrears of taxes. With the Scotch in arms in the county it would have been quite idle to have attempted it. After the Battle of Worcester on the 3rd September the Court had other and more lucrative forfeitures to enforce. Whether it was this, or whatever may have been the reason, as far as Towns hend is concerned there is no further mention of it in his Manuscript. No further entries are found until the Restoration was becoming imminent. The next is an order, dated 28 th April 1660, from the Commissioners of Militia to the Constables of each parish ordering them to make a return by the ist May 1660 of all persons who had property in land within their parish of a clear annual value of over £15, such persons being liable to serve in the Militia. p. 137. To the Constable of Elmley Lovet. By order from the Commissioners for the Militia in the County of Worcester, you are hereby required to bring to the said Commissioners sitting in the Town hall in Worcester on Tuesday the first day of May next the names of all persons within your limits that have within the parish or else where above the sum of ^15 per annum in lands, tene ments leasehold or copyhold or a personal estate worth <^D200, with the true value of such real and personal estate, as also an account of what monies, horses and arms have been charged upon or taken from any person within the parish by order of the former Commissioners of the Militia. And of this fail not. Dated April 28th, 1660. Yours, William Newnam. Thomas Insoll, constable, returned the names of all which have £15 per annum and inhabitants, which were as follows: H. Townshend, Esqr, and Henry his son . ^300 per annum. John Tyrer, gent ^"49 per annum. Walter Insoll £& per annum. Annal$. 273 Out-dwejiers not specified who have £15 per annum, but dwelling out of the parish, it is conceived they are taxed for all where they dwell. The parish charge of 2 foot arms . .^3 15" od H. Townshend and his son for horse and arms and one month's pay advance to a troop £12 3" od Delivered in 10th May 1660 by Thomas Insoll, constable to Mr Whittingam, clerk of the Militia of the County. Once more Townshend was in difficulties. He had to find a horse, arms, and a month's pay for the men who were called up. His horse had been taken by the Oxford Militia, his pistols by Lieutenant Milward — possibly a son or some relative of that Capt. Thomas Milward of Alvechurch, who was a very strong Parliament man, and one of the Committee for the Parliament who came to Worcester on its surrender in 1646.* The Com missioners of the Militia, one of whom was Thomas Milward, possibly the same man, ordered the horse to be restored to Townshend, and the arms, saddle and pistols to be placed in the magazine at Worcester. p. 138. By virtue of an order from the Commissioners of the Militia under written I sent to Baptist Harris for my gelding who returned me a civil answer that I should hear from him within a week and hoped to bring my gelding again taken by the Oxford militia : and the pistols Lieut. Milward hath. Ordered that Baptist Harris of Bradforton, soldier, do forthwith restore and deliver back the horse to him delivered for the service of the late Militia unto Henry Townshend, Esqre, or whom he shall appoint to receive him. And likewise that he bring his arms and furniture into the magazine at Worcester. Given under our hands this 9th day of May 1660. Tho. Milward. Ed. Moore. Edw. Elvins. Jo. Nash. Stephen Halford. * See I., p. 197. 274 annaLs. The Commissioners did not act in Townshend's case alone, but made a general order : — p. 138. A letter of summons from the Commissioners by their Clerk, Mr Richard Whittingham, to find one horse and arms according to the proportions in the Act of Militia to be sent to the Talbot in Sidbury upon the 29th day of May instant. 24th May 1660. Ric. Whittingham, Clerk to the Commissioners. Still Townshend was not satisfied. He complains that his assessment was too high, and consequently he had to bear more than his share of the cost of the Militia. He gives the following memorandum : — p. 138. Mem. — I am as highly assessed and charged as those that have 3 and 4 fold my estate at least. At the Midsummer Sessions 1660, the first after the King's return, it was considered right to make some formal record of the satisfaction with which the Court of Quarter Sessions welcomed the King. Sir John Pakington moved that the Court send a petition to the King congratulating him on the Restoration. The petition was sent to every parish in the county to obtain signatures, so as to make it the act not merely of so small a body as the Justices, but of the whole county. Townshend gives the petition as follows : — p. 139. June 28. Memd. — Sir John Pakington coming down from the City of London moved that the County and City would petition and declare the benefits we have of his Majesty's happy return to his Government, etc., and accordingly there was this underwritten drawn and sent copies to all parishes to those that wished well to the King's interest and con servation of Religion to subscribe the same, so did the Mayor of Worcester, Mr Ashby the recorder the like. ANNALS. 275 To the King's most excellent Majesty. The humble petition of your Majesty's loyal subjects of your County of Worcester. The joy we have entertained for your Majesty's safe return to your kingdoms and governments our hearts only can testify our language cannot express. We bless that God who in the depth of our dis comforts when our persons were subject to imprisonment and torture, our estates to all manner of violence and rapine hath so wonderfully preserved your Sacred Majesty as a lamb from the slaughter in these bloody times and again miraculously restored your Majesty to your Crowns and dignity, a blessing so much despaired of that we little hoped to see so speedily and happily effected with all alacrity of spirit. We render unto your Sacred Majesty our most humble, hearty and loyal thanks for those many gracious assurances vouchsafed unto us, that your Majesty will be pleased to restore unto these kingdoms the funda mental laws Our just rights and privileges And that your Majesty will be a true Defender of the faith. And because our welfare here on earth dependeth chiefly upon religion In all humility we humbly beseech your Majesty. p. 140. That the Doctrine of the Church of England may be preserved in its purity Our laws may be established such as may rightly serve to abolish all superstition and schism and constitute the service of God in some perfect form for discipline. Wherein we desire that the practice of your royal predecessors King James and your late royal Father of blessed memory (the faithful assertor of our religion) may be the pattern. That there may be uniformity in the service of public duties. Whereby God may be glorified, factions and heresies suppressed, and your Majesty's good people truly edified that we may keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace. Which is the prayer of your Majesty's most loyal and obedient subjects. It perhaps would not be right to say that the Royalists packed the Court of Quarter Sessions at the Restoration, but according to Townshend the Court consisted of a number of gentlemen whose names were placed on the new Commission of the Peace which was then issued. With one or two exceptions the names are all those of Royalists, and the Bench must have been over- 276 ANNALS. flowingly Tory. If Townshend is right, the most extraordinary thing about the Sessions was, that while the names of no less than fifty-one Justices are in the Commission, only four took the oath and so were qualified to sit. Townshend appears, from a note he has made, to have been the Chairman of the Court. P- H3- Wigorn. SS. The names of all the Justices of the peace which are in the first Commission of the peace sent down to sit at the Quarter sessions July 10th 1660 in the restoration of Charles the second. Quorum. Lord Chancellor Hyde. Marquess of Ormonde. Gen. Monk. *Earl of Manchester. ^Leicester, Viscount Hereford *Tho. Lord Windsor *Tho. Lord Coventry Humble Lord Ward George Coventry, Esq,e Tho. Coventry, Esqre *Sir Hen. Littleton, Baronet *Sir Jo. Pakington, Bart. *Sir Wm Russell, Bart. *Sir Tho. Rouse, Bart. *Sir Ralph Clare, Knight of the Bath Sir Henry Herbert, K' *Sir Jo. Win ford, K' *Sir Jo. Talbot, K* Sir Tho. Overturn-, K' *Wm Sandys, Esq" *Wm Lygon, Esq™ *Hen. Bromley, Esq™ of Holt *Sharrington Talbot, Esqre *Edw. Pitt, Esqre *Sam. Sandys, Esq™ John Keite, Esq™ *John Edgiock, Esq™ *John Nanfan, Esq™ Fr. Smith, esq™ Tho. Savage, esq™ Tho. Child, Esq™ *Hen. Townshend, Esq™ *Wm Sheldon of Broadway, Esq™ Tho. Jolley, Esq™ Tho. Wyld, Esq™ Tho. Mariot, Esq™ Wra Mucklow, Esq™ Rich. Dowdeswell, Esqre Edw. Dingley, Esq™ Hen. Jeffreys, Esq™ Wm Washbourne, Esq™ *Hen. Bromley of Upton, Esq™ *Edw. Vernon of Hanbury, Esq™ Theophilus Andrews, Esq™ Littleton Clent, Esq16 Edw. Pennell, Esq™ Jo. Bearcroft, Esq™ *Tho. Street, Esq™ George Simonds, Esq™ Leonard Syinpson, Esq™ Tho. Hall, Esq™ John Newport, Esq™ Edw. Bushell, Esq™ * These names have the letter "Q" written opposite them in the margin, signifying that they were " of the Quorum." ANNALS. 277 p. 144. Mem. this io* of July 1660 there were only sworn to sit at the Quarter sessions Sir John Pakington, Bart., Sir Rowland Berkeley and myself (who gave the charge) and Mr G. Symonds. Another instance shewing how the Royalist influence pre dominated at that time is to be found in the next document. Townshend gives the names of the Grand Jury at the first Assizes : — p. 146. The names of the Gentlemen of the Grand Jury at Worcester assizes held 25th Sept. 1660, 120 Car. and first assizes after his Restora tion to the Crown before Sir Thomas Turner, Serjeant at law and Judge. Sir Jo. Winford Henry Jeffreys, esq™ Jo. Nanfan, Esq™ Nicholas Acton, esq™ Hen. Townshend, Esq™ Edw. Pennell, esq™ Hen. Bromley de Upton, Esq™ George Symonds, esq™ Tho. Jolly, esq™ Humph. Littleton, esq™ Tho. Child, esq™ Edmund Baugh, gent. Jo. Bearcroft, esq™ Robert Foley, gent. Philip Brace, esq™ Wm Baldwin, gent. Wm Sheldon, esq™ Wm Garrett, gent. Walter Savage, esq™ The Sessions had two very important but very unusual matters to deal with. The first related to the Rectory of Hartlebury. On the 27th February 1624 the King presented Emanuel Smith to that Rectory. Smith was in possession at the outbreak of the War. In his place the Parliamentary Committee put Thomas Wright, a strong Puritan and one of the " Associated members " of the " Worcestershire Agreement," who is there described as " Thomas Wright, teacher at Hartlebury," into possession of the profits of the rectory. At the Restoration the matter came before the House of Lords — it is not quite clear in what way, but with the result that the Lords ordered that the profits of the N 478 ANNALS. rectory be no longer paid over to Wright, but should be retained by the churchwardens and overseers of the parish until the respective rights of Smith and of Wright be determined by course of law. Having got this order, Smith served it on Wright and the churchwardens. They obeyed the order, but to keep the parties from starving had some of the tithe corn thrashed to pay for the costs of the contribution. Wright at once com plained of this to a great Roundhead magistrate, Leonard Simpson, as a breach of the order of the House of Lords. Simpson committed the thrashers to prison for forcibly holding over the profits against Wright. Townshend gives the following account of the order of the House of Lords and of Simpson's action : — p. T44. Die Sabbati 230 Junii 1660. Ordered by the Lords in Parliament assembled That all the tithes, glebes and other profits of or belonging to the rectory of Hartlebury in the County of Worcester or other ecclesiastical living or benefice of Emmanuel Smith, Clerke, Who hath been sequestered or ejected without course of law in or since the time of the late wars be by authority stayed and secured in the hands of the churchwardens and overseers of the poor of the said parish until the tithe [sic] of the said sequestered Emanuel Smith and the present possessors thereof shall be determined by the further order of Parliament or eviction by due course of Law. Jo. Browne, Clericus, p. 145. Parliamentorum. Mr Smith served Mr Wright the present incumbent and the church wardens of Hartlebury with the said order. They in obedience lodge the tithe and Glebe corn in the barns there of the rectory. And offered to thrash some corn to pay for the charge and paying of contributions. And put in the 2 thrashers. M1' Wright complained to Mr Leonard Simpson of Bewdley, a justice of peace of the same, who upon view found them and forcible holding recorded the same and did commit one Owen Powell and Thomas Price to prison with this mittimus. The warrant under which the " two thrashers " were detained is as follows : — Leonard Simpson, Esq™, one of the Justices of the peace of our ANNALS. 279 Sovereign Lord the King's Majestie within his said county of Wor cester. To the keeper of his Majesty's Gaol at Worcester in the said county and to his deputy and deputies there and to every of them Greeting. Whereas upon complaint made to me this present day by Thomas Wright of Hartlebury in the said county, Clerk, I went imme diately into one of the barns of the said Thomas Wright near adjoining to the dwelling house of the said Thomas Wright in Hartlebury aforesaid : and there found Owen Powell and Thomas Price of Hartle bury aforesaid, labourers, forcibly and with strong hand holding the said house against the peace of our sovereign lord and against the form of the statutes in that behalf made and provided, I do therefore herewith send you by the bearer hereof the said Owen Powell and Thomas Price convicted of the said forcible holding by mine own view, testimony and record, commanding you in his Majesty's name to receive them into your said Gaol and there safely to keep them until such time as they shall make their fines to our sovereign lord for their said trespasses and should be thence delivered by due order of law. Hereof fail you not upon the perils may fall thereon. Given at Hartlebury aforesaid under my seal the 28th day of August in the 12th year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord Charles the second by the Grace of God King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith. Len. Sympson. What the result was does not appear. But Sympson was so strong a Parliament man that it cannot be doubted that Wright was ejected and Smith restored. As far as appears Smith continued to hold the living until 1670. The other matter that the Sessions in 1660 had to deal with was one that had before the war been a cause of great com plaint and real hardship — Purveyance — the liability to supply the King with provisions when he came to stay in the county. To shew what a burden it was, two receipts for the purveyance for 1 640 may be given from the Sessions Records : — " 20 October 1 640. These are to certify you, that Thomas Hill, your undertaker for the composition of lambs, hath on behalf of the county delivered into the office of His Majesty's Poultry at the Court the full number of 1 50 lambs good and serviceable as by way of composition were due unto His Majesty 18o ANNALS. out of the County of Worcester for the last year begun the i" October 1639 and ended the last September 1640. " To the Justices of the Peace and Compounders for the County of Worcester." * A similar receipt for " 20 fat oxen, 200 fat muttons and 20 stircks all good and serviceable for the year i9t January 1639 to 31st December 1640." f When the Restoration came Parliament determined to abolish purveyance, which was done by the statute 12 Car. II., c. 24. Townshend gives the mode in which the change was carried out. A letter was sent to the Justices asking them to state what were the number of animals compounded for. If the Quarter Sessions were over, a special Sessions was to be called for the purpose of making the return, and proposing a composition instead of purveyance. This was agreed to, and Townshend says the result was to save the county £380 a year. p. 147. Memd. — Mr Herbert Prise wrote a letter to Sir Ralph Clare the substance whereof was — That his Majesty was resolved to settle his household as it was in his Grandfather and father's times. That the High Steward (Marquess of Ormonde) was commanded by his Majesty to send letters into all counties to the Justices of Peace for the sending in of what was compounded for in lieu of purveyance and pre-emption according to former rates agreed on by the gentry with his Majesty's officers of the Green Cloth. Expectation is that what is due from midsummer last should with what speed possible be sent in. To give an account of the receipt of this. And after the meeting return to the board what is resolved on enclosed in a letter. That if the sessions be past the Custos Rotulorum may summon a sessions to that purpose for the communicating of this. Whitehall, 27th 1660. Herbert Prise. * Sessions Records, I., p. 689. f Ibid., p. 690. ANNALS. Worcestershire. Whole Composition Oxen . 20 . 16th June £4 a piece. Mutton . 200 . 10th July 6s 8d a piece. Stirkes 20 . 8th Oct. 10s a piece. Lambs . 150 . 15 Aug. . I2d a piece. 181 Memd. by an Act of Parliament after 12th Car. 2, 1660 the purvey ance is taken away with the Court of Wards, and excise towards supply of his Majesty's revenues in its place. p. 148. After our hearty commendations. Whereas the compositions received out of this county for the support of his Majesty's family and household were in the reigns of King James and the late King Charles of Blessed memory, Agreed upon and established in lieu of purveyance and pre emption for the most ease and benefit of the country and the better accommodation of his Majesty's service, as by the former addresses made by the country to the Board of Green Cloth to that effect it may appear; His Majesty being graciously pleased to ease you of the burthen of pur veyance and pre-emption upon the same composition and agreement which your Assessors have formerly made, and that the markets may not be disturbed or interrupted by purveyance Commissions as it hath oeen usual in the reigne of his royal progenitors. We do therefore desire you to send, to his Majesty's court at Whitehall such provisions at such rates and upon such days as was concluded in the last Composi tion made with your county. And if you shall not think fit to proceed p. 149. upon the same Composition which was formerly made, a true copy whereof we have sent you here inclosed, But shall either renew or alter the same, we desire you speedily to send some gentlemen of your county to the Board of green cloth with commission to treat and con clude with us in a way and upon such terms, as may most conduce to the advantage of his Majesty's service and the ease and accommodation of you and your county, which is the earnest desire of your very loving friends Cha. Berkeley. Ormond. Herbert Prise. H. Corwallis. Wm Boreman. Will. Ashburnham. Stephen Fox. John Crane. George Barker. 2§2 ANNALS. p. 150. An answer by the justices to the letter by the consent of the Grand Jury at Sessions 2nd Oct. 1660 concerning the King's provision. Right HoMe, We make bold to acquaint you that we have received your Honours' letters touching provision, In obedience whereunto we have this last Sessions consulted with the Grand Inquest serving for the body of our County, And though in respect of the great sufferings of our county in genera] and most of us in particular by imprisonment, plunder and sequestration during the late troubles (far exceeding other counties), we might with some modesty desire a respite from this charge. Yet we shall with all willingness and readiness comply with your Honours' demands. And because we do conceive that the way most advantageous for his Majesty's service, and also for the ease of our county (being somewhat remote from his Majesty's Court at Whitehall) will be by a composition in lieu of purveyance, We further make bold to assure your Honours That some time within the next Michaelmas term We do resolve to send unto you (to his Majesty's board of green cloth) some gentleman of quality who shall be empowered to treat and conclude with your honours for a composition for the same, further assuring that such composition as shall be so made, we shall be very careful in seeing the same truly answered and paid at the time agreed upon. Thus far we thought good to certify your Honours, and to beg your pardon for this trouble, and humbly take our leaves and rest vour Honours' most humble servants. Memd. since, the Parliament hath put Worcester the eight day aside the purveyance, and so the Country of October 1660. for ever freed from the charge which was in this County £380 per annum. ( *83 ) CHAPTER X. MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS. There are a number of miscellaneous entries relating to various matters scattered through the Diary. They have no bearing on any part of the general County History, but it is worth while to include them in the volume for two reasons : (i) That without them the Book would not be a complete reproduction of Townshend's work, and (2) in their way they are curious as shewing the matters which occupied the atten tion of a seventeenth-century Worcestershire gentleman. The first is the following extract from a certificate given 13th May 1 58 1 by Robert Cooke, Clarencieux : — P- !33- Mend, taken out of the manuscript and parchment coats of arms of the Townshends these words are written under the coat. These are the ancient arms and crest of the Townshends of Norfolk and because there is a doubt how they should bear the Roe buck, for some times they bear it proper attired and ringed Or. Sometimes Or on a wreath Argent and Azur. For the more authority to Mr Henry Townshend of Cund (in Shropshire) Esq™ and his posterity only I allow them to bear the same Roe buck Or, on a chapeau gules doubled ermine. Justified by my hand the 13th day of May 1581. Rob. Cooke Alias Clarencieux Roy D'armes. Motto. — Tout en Dieu. Copia vera per me Henricus Townshend filius Henrici Townshend prefati capta 11th Feb. 1660. Hen. Townshend. Townshend appears to have been on the list of persons qualified to serve as Sheriff of the County. His son Henry 284 ANNALS. Townshend was Sheriff in 1713. He, however, seems to have given some attention to the powers and duties of the office, and has inserted the following abstract of the Powers and Duties of the Sheriff of a County — an abstract that purports to follow Dalton's treatise on the law of Sheriffs : — p. 460. An Abstract of the office of Sheriffs. The word Sheriff is derived of 2 Saxon words, viz. Scyre, that is Shire or County, and reve (1) keeper or guardian and so Scire Reve is the keeper of the Shire. 9 Ed. 2. 2 Ed. 3, c. 4. 4 Ed. 3, c. 9 and 5 Ed. 3, c. 4. These statutes have ordained that no man shall be sheriff in any County except he have sufficient lands within the same County or (Shire) where he shall be Sheriff, whereof to answer the King and his people, in case that any man complain against them No Sheriff* shall tarry in his Baili wick above one year, and that another shall be elected in his place that hath land sufficient in his Bailiwick, by the Chancellor, Treasurer, chief Baron, and the 2 chief Justices, if they be present, And that shall be done yearly on the morrow of All Souls' at the Exchequer. The office of a Sheriff cannot be determined, until a new Sheriff be made. Coke 4*33- The Sheriff before he receives his patent is to put in sureties by himself or by his sufficient deputy into the king's exchequer (1) in the Remembrancers office there, upon such conditions as shall be thought meet there, sub poena .^100 to be levied of his lands and goods. 2 and 3 Ed. 6, c. 4. The Sheriff's Attorney writes him a note that he is Sheriff, and hath entered Recognizance. Which note must be delivered to the one of six clerks in Chancery, for to make his patent, with his Writ of Assistance, and a Writ of discharge to his predecessor. Until it be delivered, the precedent Sheriff may do execution of all process. The Sheriff before he exercise his office must take 2 oaths the one of Supremacy, the other concerning the due exercise of the office of Sheriff. P- 459- Mem. there are some things considerable in this oath. 1. Not to make any under sheriff that hath been the Sheriff's clerk the last year. 2. To destroy heresy among them chiefly Lollaries, which are held * Statute 14 Edw. III., c. 7. ANNALS. 285 now by divines to be good men and hold the same points as now are held in the Church; so that the whole County must be presented or else the Sheriff forsworn. 3. Not to let the Sheriffwick nor Bailiwick. 4. To make his own panels for juries, whereas his under sheriff doth take it ordinarily upon him. The Sheriff must take his oath before one of the Judges of Assize whereof he is Sheriff, or before one of the Masters of the Chancery, or else have a "dedimus potestatem " to 2 Justices in the County whereof one of the quoruni to minister the oaths. If commissioners shall return the writs that the oaths be taken and be not taken this is finable in Star chamber. Dyer 168 in Bronker's case i° Eliz. So if the Sheriff execute his office before he [has] taken the oaths is finable. Or not truly execute his office. The death of the prince makes void the Sheriff's office. Dyer 165. The old Sheriff must deliver over to the new all his prisoners which are in gaol by their names, and all his writs precisely by view and by indenture, in which Indentures all the causes which the Sheriff hath against the prisoner must be set forth and delivered at the peril of the old Shtriff, as in Westby's case. Coke, 3, f. 72. And the like of executions. Unless where the old Sheriff dies in office ; And if a prisoner escape being in for execution, this is no escape, for then all prisoners were under the custody of the law. The high Sheriff must have patent and writ of assistance read at the first Countv Court which shall happen to be after his election. He must nominate his under Sheriff, County Clerk, and 4 deputies at the least to make replevins, and to dwell 12 miles distant one from another. P- 458- It is good to keep their office and their Under Sheriff and other officers in their houses rather than to trust strangers upon bonds and covenants which to be stated of 23 H. 6th, c. 10, and 5 and 6 E. 6, c. 16 are void or voidable. Whereby a Sheriff may be undone. Howsoever take strong bonds and covenants of the Under Sheriff. The Sheriff ought to have a Deputy in all Courts of Westminster to receive all manner of writs, sub poena ^40 and treble damages. 23 H. 6, c. 10. No Sheriff, Undersheriff nor Sheriff's Clerk shall abide in his office above one year sub poena j^ioo, all pardon for such offence void though the words " Non obstante " be in. Who is disabled for being ever afte.i Sheriff or Undersheriff or Clerk and £200 forfeiture, 23 H. 6, c. 8, nor within 3 years after Sheriff. Old Sheriffs may occupy their office during 286 ANNALS. the terms of S* Michael and Hilary after the year be ended, unless he be before discharged. 17 E. 4, c. 6. Every Sheriff must dwell in his own person within the County for the time, except he be licensed. 4 H. 4, c. 5. Penal statutes are to take effect according to the express intention of the makers of the act, and not made illusive. The power of Sheriffs are either absolute or ministerial. Absolute as to bind men to the peace ex officio. 12 H. 7, 17. To take recognisances with 6 sufficient mainprenors for the good behaviour of such as have obtained their pardon for any felony and the Recognizance sealed with their seals, returned into the Chancery. No sheriff shall execute the office of Justice of the peace for that year; but afterward he may without renouncing his Commission. 1 Mar., c. 8 to be sworn. He may pursue all felons, traitors or disturbers of the peace, and will and command the County to assist, and the refusers are fined to the King. (Br. fines, 37), and the Sheriff may attach to appear at next gaol delivery all refusers. Officium Coronatoris, 3 E. 1. P- 457- May arrest all that ride or go armed, except himself and officers in going to do justice; take away their armour and price the same by oath of some present. 2 E. 3, 3. Take away weapons from servants. Arrest noblemen's purveyors and cause them to restore and pay treble damages to the party grieved. 23 H. 6, c. 14. Suppress rioters. 17 R. 2, c. 8, 2 E. 3, c. 3 may justify the beating, wounding or killing of them. Make a record with 2 Justices of all the riot, 13 H. 4, c. 7, and imprison them, sub poena £100. Inquiry if the rioters be gone within a month. Disturbers of Sheriff or his Bailiffs in executing writs and the Sheriff finable if he return he could not execute the King's process for he hath posse Comitatus. 13 E. 1, c. 39. In case of Redisseizen the Sheriff is made a Judge. Coke 6. 12. The Schire-reve is called prepositus comitatus, ruler, and so imports an absolute power. He is called Ballivus or Thesaurarius Comitatus importing his ministerial power. The word Bailiff came in with the Normans. Term of law. His ministerial duty — 1. Truly to keep the King's rights of his crown, the King's lands, franchises, suits, powers, etc. Those are the King's lands which are ancient demesne lands of the ANNALS. 287 Crown which Domesday book made in King Edward the Confessor's [reign] and in his lands are ancient demesne. 2. Franchises and Royalties. The profit of Aliens' lands. 2. Such as come by any attainder or escheat. 3. Outlawed persons in personal actions these the Sheriff may seize without an office, 21 H. 7, 7, and so of felons, fugitives, outlaws, wayved goods, etc. The Sheriff can seize of land by the King's writ or other lawful warrant from the King's courts not otherwise. Co. 8, 1 69. The King shall have the property of such things as the owner is not known. Ouod non capit christus, capit fiscus, as Tithes of ground within no parish (as in great forests, etc. 22 Ass. 11, 75, Br. prerog. 143, Estrays. 3 Whales and sturgeons, swans wild. p. 456. Where the lord of any liberty or manor, etc. hath by Charter and grant from the King or by proscription any of the franchises or profits of felons' goods, then the Sheriff nor his officers are not to seize them nor meddle with them. 3. Suits. Is either of suits done or to be done. 1. Suits are either real or Royal, due to the King's Courts ratione del resiancie del person and not for their land. 2. Suit service is due by reason of tenure of land. Pur suit real le party qui fait defalt serra primus amerce et apres serra distrayn pur amurciament. Pur suit service le Vicont (ou Seigniour) poit distrain le tenant mais non amercera luy. Br. suit 2, 6, 16. Si le terre charge une suit, veign in mains de diverse persons, chescun tenant serra charge del suit aplein. Terre chescun de eux fera en suit. Brook. 4. Rents. The Sheriff is bound not only to gather the common monies and profits due to the King, but also his rents. But now it belongeth to the King's receiver. Estreats of the green wax, and such others, the sheriff is not charge able at the first except the summons come to him out of the exchequer and then when he hath them, chargeable. Si home tient del roy et son rent est arrere, le Roy (ou ses officers) poient distreyn en les autre terres cybien terres de autres come de luy misme : et eadem lex pur son fee farm. Brook, prerog. 77, 44, E. 3. 5. Debts. By statute 9 H. 3, c. 8 the King nor his bailiff shall not seize any land or rent for any debt as long as the present chattels of the debtor do suffice to pay the debt: but now, 33 H. 8, c. 39, both land and heir are chargeable, plac. 440. 288 ANNALS. Any free mart may feed his cattle impounded for the King s debt without disturbance without giving any thing for their feeding, 9 H. 3, de districtione scaccarii. Nor sold within 15 days. P- A55- The beasts that gain one's land, nor sheep, chargeable for the King's debt or any other, except beasts' damage pheasant [" faisant"] on the ground; the distresses reasonable, and valued by the estimation of neighbours and not strangers. Sheriffs receive the King's debts and not acquit his debtors, punish able by treble damages. 42 E. 3. 1 1 H. 3. If the debtor can find sufficient surety until a day when he may purchase remedy 47* return of the writ, the distress shall be released in the mean [time], otherwise grievously punished. 28 E. 1, c. 12. 3 damages. Clerk of the Exchequer that make process for a debt that is paid, shall loose his office, and be imprisoned until he agree with party. 1 R. 2, c. 5. Debts paient estre due al roy in divers manners. Per atteynder, outlawry, forfeiture ou don ou pur judgment. Recognizance ou specialty. The King's officers may distrain for issues in the Church or Sanc tuary, if he can find no other. In the King's highway or common street. 52 H. 3, c. 15. Note que touts obligations, recognizances et specialties faits al Roy serra del force de Statut staple. Si dettor de Roy inorust, le Roy serra primus pay son dett. 9 H. 3, c. 18. Br. prerog. 71. 6. Issues. The sheriff is accountable to the King for all manner of issues and profits of the County, as amercements, fines, forfeiture, for punishment, default of appearance. [In margin: Amercements. Coke 7, 39.] Clerks of the warrants in the Common Pleas doth make estreat of those amercements and deliver them to the Clerk of the Assize, and he unto the Coroners in every County to assoin (1) to assess the amercements. Fitz 75 k, 76 a. Amercements of every officer of justice must be assessed by the Justices of the Court where the cause depends, and it is called royal amerce. P- 454- Fines. Are that which is assessed or set upon an offender in some Court of Record by the Court or Judge there and which the offender doth give for satisfaction of his offence or Contempt. Coke, 8, 38, 41. Fine est touts faitz impose et assess par le Court; mauis amercia ment que est appel en Latin miseracordia, est asses pur pays; et cest * Sic in MS. ANNALS. 289 parol (afferer) eSt tint a dire come poilere irt certltudinem, seu taxare seu assesser ou taxer, et sont derive de cct ancient French parol "Afferer" qui signify taxare. Et est assavoire, que si un Jury ou un Leet taxe un amerciament ceo suffist sauns auter afferement; car le amerciament est le Act de Court, et le afferement del Jurie. Mes si le steward affere un amerciament sur presentment del jurie, ceo est void et ne lie. Coke 8, 40. Offences fait hors del Court les Jurors del leet ont cenusars, et pur ceo power de presenter eux and impose amerciament; offences en court devant le steward ceo peut imposer fine. Forfeitures.* The MS. breaks off abruptly at the end of the part dealing with amerciaments. From the word " Forfeitures '' in the margin it seems probable that Townshend was going to continue his " Abstract " by dealing with forfeitures. If this was so he did not carry it out. Townshend seems also to have intended to give an abstract of the duties of a Justice of the peace. But all he did of this was the following memorandum : — p. 465. My book of observations made this 29°' day of May 1638 touching the office and passages of* in the place of* Justice of peace, etc. There is no entry as to the state of the county during the Commonwealth. On page 467 is the following memorandum as to each Hundred and the charge that each Hundred would bear : — p. 467. The Hundred of Oswaldslow pays for every tax one 3"1 part throughout the Country. Doddingtree pays an 8lU part. Blackenhurst pays a 12th part. Pershore pays a 4th part. Halfshire pays a 5th part and 2* over in every pouiid.f * Blank in MS. t Copied by Nash. Introduction, p. lxiii. with variations. 290 ANNALS. On page 471 is given some general information as to the state of England : — p. 471. Mem. — In England there is Shires ..... • 39 In Wales — Shires • 13 Cities ¦ *5 Bishoprics .... . 26 Knights' fees .... 60 (60215) whereof the Clergy had . 27 (27015) Townshend gives a copy of the rules that were to be observed by the Chaplain or Minister of the common gaol : — p. 473. Wigorn. Articles to be observed of the Minister of the house of Correction and Gaol. [In another hand.] 1. That he conform himself to the discipline and Ceremonies of the Church of England. 2. That every day he read Morning and Evening Prayer to the persons of the Gaol and House of Correction in the place appointed for that purpose. 3. That he bestow one hour every day in instructing the prisoners particularly one by one for their souls' good. 4. That he endeavour by all good means to bring them to discover other malefactors whether it be those that have been partakers with them in the same offence or have been guilty of some other, And upon their discovery that he forthwith acquaint some Justice of the peace of the County. 5. That every Friday after Morning Prayer he catechize them for half an hour in public in the same place. 6. That upon every Sabbath day he expound one of the lessons or Gospels or Epistles for the day applying them such instructions out of the same as he shall think fit for them. 7. That if any of the prisoners shall either refuse or neglect to be instructed or otherwise misbehave themselves towards him, that he acquaint the Gaoler or Master of the Correction therewith that so he may be punished for such offence according to the nature thereof. ANNALS. 291 8. That he be not absent from his charge above a fortnight at any one time nor in all above six weeks in the whole year and that he provide an honest, able and conformable man to supply his place during his absence. These orders were assented unto and subscribed by George Drum mond there elected by the Justices of the peace in this Easter Sessions 1634 to be minister for the time being to the prisoners in the Gaol and House of Correction. In the presence of — John Buck -} Hisce Articulis Humph. Saloway J libenter subscribo George Drummond. Next comes a parody, a so-called petition to the House of Commons by the Oxonian Cavaliers : — * p. 483. The humble petition of the Oxonian Cavaliers to the holy Assembly of the house of Commons the great lovers of learning as followeth. We the Oxonian Janissaries (Renegades to our gown) have trans gressed your house's order in our duty and zeal to our King unluckily applying ourselves to the direction of sense, reason, and religion (as University brats and superstitious things) do therefore desire vou would vote in us a forgetfulness of those principles of Allegiance which our Oaths and each faculty of sense, reason, and religion, and such trivial respects dictate unto us. Otherwise we shall be courageous in the Cavaliering mocd (which is abominable in the eyes of your sanctified house) of loving, serving, and honouring our king. Further desiring that the intermission of our study be no hindrance to our progress in learning of which no doubt you are very careful, but that by the help of your omnipotent vote we proceed as able scholars as if we had been sedentary men in our Libraries all the time. And your petitioners do expiate this sin of loyalty do prostrate ourselves before you flat on our faces; divining our courses will shortly turn the world upside down and then we shall look up again. They hope these desires sufficiently unreasonable, to be acceptable with you, and for your great deliberation to undo the Commonwealth they wish you a just reward even a trans lation from Westminster to Bedlam. * This appears to be in a different and later hand than any other part of the Diary. 292 ANNALS. On page 134 is an Election squib against Sir Ralph Clare and Samuel Sandys, the Members for the County elected for the Parliament of 166 1 : — P- i34. May 1661. A libel made by some ranting Cavaliers against Sir Ralph Clare Knight of the Bath by some pretended admirers of Sir John Pakington and Samuel Sandys, Esqrs, chosen Knights of the Shire : because none else stood. And supposed Sir Ralph would secretly be their competitor with Sir Henry Littleton, whereas they declined and so declared the same and stood only for Burgess of Bewdley in competition with Sir Henry Herbert. Copies dispersed to some friends. What news? Is old Sir Ralph mad, will nothing do But Knight of the shire and Burgess of Bewdley too. Ring the Bells backward, Here's strange news to tell Two Knights, one Burgess in one man to dwell. If I mistake not it appears to me Like the Contents of a Welsh pedigree. Beside when ere the Honoured House doth sit They will admit no Monster into it. What Extasy is this that leads him on To vie with Sandys and Sir John Pakington. These high perched Heroes look with Eagle's eyes And mount a sublime pitch, whilst (Sutterflies Are Games for Children when dismissed from school. Never did Knight of the Bath so play the fool. Is it his age so stimulates to strife Or else bewitcht with father Adam's wife Or Baxters doctrine that Conundrums raise, — Within his noddle, or what is't betrays P- *35- His feeble Knightship to be so Intent Upon Elections in this Parliament. Caudles and Cockbroth my sense speaks more fit For old Sir Ralph and Clarey then there to sit. Wind up the Bottom, what needs more be said Twas Harry Herbert killed the old knight dead. There are a series of questions in Latin on the Royal Pre- ANNALS. *93 rogative, the Houses of Parliament and the liberties of the subject : — p. 265. Questiones metaphesicas necessaris discutiendo inter reverendos judices, servientes ad legem, et alios in lege doctos pro perpetua consti- tucione Regis prerogativa privilegiorum et potestatis parliamenti liber- tatis pacis et unitatis subditi, ex peticionibus declaratis et responsis inter regem et parliamentum et aliis scriptis collectae. 1. An sit Regis prerogativa? Aff. 2. Quid sit Regis prerogativa ? 3. An Rex quatemus Rex injuriam faciat subdito ? Neg. 4. An Regia prerogativa sit superior, parliamenti curiae ? 5. Quae sint parliamenti privilegia ? 6. An mera vota parliamenti novam efficient legem ? 7. An sola vota parliamenti veteran anihilent legem ? 8. An parliamentum in definitionibus possit errare ? 9. An ordo vel ordinacio parliamenti mera et nuda sine Regis con sensu et approbatione subditum obligat ? Si vero, quam diu ? 10. An liceat parliamento magnam Chartam cum assensu principis in aliqua parte dissolvere. 11. Si curia parliamenti facit ordinacionem affirmativum et Rex ei pro- hibet obedientiam, utrum subditus ommino obligatur, si vero quam diu? 12. An sedente curia parliamenti in comitiis Rex habet negativam vocem in actibus ? 13. An ordinacio vel actus parliamenti sit superior vel equalis ? p. 266. 14. Quae sint fundamentals leges regni? 15. An leges regni fundamentales sint indissolubiles ? 16. An domino rege et parliamento dissentientibus subditus debet esse neuter ? 17. An laici parliamentary sint idonei et competentes judices de doctrinis fidei ? 18. An sola domus communis solus (domo nobilium contradicente) alicui ordini obligat subditum. 19. An ordo domus communis solus (sine nobilum consensu) sub ditum obligat. 20. An parliamentum in casu suppositi periculi publici vel communis boni possit disponere proprias et peculiares villas, arces, bona et arma mentaria Regis (rege contradicente). 21. Si controversia sit de salute reipublicae inter regem et parliamen tum, quis vel ubi sit proprius supremus et indifferens moderator et judex? F 294 ANNALS. 22. An regia autoritas sit separabilis a persona regis? 23. An sola verbalia regis mandata (lege non opponente) sint obedienda, parliamento contradicente, ut si subditus obedientiam ab- jurens juramentum fidelitatis dissolvit? 24. An aliquid membrum domus parliamenti actualiter proditor, et sine legis processu pro rege indicitur proditorem estimatur priviledgium parliamenti violacio in rege ? 25. An Rex quatenus rex sit solus dux militiae regni. Vide Par liamentum 18° Jun. et 7°E. 1, 2, E. 2. 3. 26. An rex quatenus rex sit aliqua pars essentialis parliamenti. p. 267. 27. An rex vel parliamentum sint pro peccatis regni ad Deum respon- sibilis. 28. An liceat vulgo equitabilem fabricare constructionem de legibus et statutis regni ? Vide clausam 3 Remons., p. 11. 29. Quid sit publica fides parliamenti ? 30. An publica fides parliamenti sit sufficiens pro creditores (Rege contradicenti) ad restitutionem ? 31. An omnia parliamenti promissa (rege opponente) obligant sub ditum ad satisfactionem. Vide proclamationem i88 Jun. 180 Caroli. 32. An commissiones pro Array sint contra legem libertates et pro- prietatem subditis June 206 in parliamento voted negative, 20" Jun. apud York affirmative et July 40. 33. An pro tenura terrarum subditus in servicio obligatur contra Regis inimicos in et extra regnum ? 34. An si aliqua pars vel clausura in commissionibus de Array sit illegatis, sequitur quod tota commissio sit vacua in lege. 35. An sit contra libertatem et proprietatem subditi ut quilibet juxta statum et facilitates suas debet esse apporcianare secundum discre- tionem certorum [in margin : vide Reg. Dre. 8] assessorum (sine regis assensu) per so lam ordinem parliamenti? 36. An particulates ordines selectorum delegatum Domus Communis obligant subditum sine ulteriore confirmatione Domus ? 37. An sit violacio privilegii parliamenti tales nominare delegatos selectos et privates ad exercendum potestatem ad examinacionem homi- num status. 38. An soli selecti delegati Domus communis sint judices compe- tentes ad imprisonandum delinquentes extra Domus Communis ampliore assensu ? ANNALS. 295 39. An Domus Communis sola habet potestatem judicativam ? 40. An Domus Communis possit administrare juramentum ? p. 268. Vide librum "The Complaints of London, Westminster," etc. 41. An solus ordo Domus Communis impediat progressum Curiarum justiciar ? 42. An solus ordo Domus Communis felones deliberet sine indic- tamente. 43. An Domus parliamenti possint assumere de jure dominare Theologos pro Synoda ? 44. An rex vel populus habet potestatem eligendi vicecomites annuatim ab antiquo ? 45. An Rex prorogativa sua, possit reum a poena remittere in parlia mento proscriptum. 46. An ordinacia parliamenti sit res antiqua vel nova? 47. An status et hereditamenta subditi ante inditamentem et convic- tionem per legem sequestrari possint per solam parliamenti ordin- atiam ? 48. An casu talis suppositi necessitatis publici, quando rex totis viribus suis religionem, leges, et libertatem subditi pcenitus destruerent, reassumere possit vulgus potestatem et authoritatem regi in constitutione regni donatam ? 49. An in tali suppositi quod Rex tarn nefariem fidem et saeramentum violabit, et religionem, leges, et libertatem subditi subvertere seductus est, subditi ad anna occurraut, resistat, et in regis persona oppugnet ? et an in instanti sit talis casus ? 50. An parliamentariis fidem violantibus, reassumat vulgus potes tatem ? 51. An Rex tenet corona sub foris factura populo si sit religionis et legum prevaricator ? This concludes the regular entries in the Diary. There are, how ever, some others which should be mentioned, for although prac tically duplicates or copies of most have been already given, yet it is considered well to print them here. The first relates to the Forced service by the soldiers in May 1640 at the time of the war with Scotland. It is in substance the same as what appears in Vol. I., p. 1 : — p. 469. April 22I*d 1640. There was a press for supply of the trained band which should go for. his Majesty's service to suppress th4 rebellious 296 ANNALS. Scots out of this County of Worcester. 600 men of foot and they are to be exercised with the trained men's arms twice a week until the aoth of May and then they are to go to Newcastle to the Rendezvous. Persons pressed for Elmley Lovet. * 3. Henry Powell, mason; Rowland Edwards, tailor; Christopher Stutty, he was changed. The parliament began 13th of April. Sir [Henry] Littleton ] BaronetSj knights of the Shire. Sir John Pakington J The Ship money for this year 1640, John Winford, Esqre, high Sheriff, is £3500, whereof Elmley Lovet is taxed at £x\\ 3s 4d. I am to pay £4 thereof. (2) When Waller took Hereford in 1643 be made all the people who were promised protection for life and goods do service. Townshend gives the following as the form of oath Waller required to be taken : — p. 482. The form of the oath which Sir W. Waller commands to be taken in Herefordshire after his taking of Hereford city by surrender Copied out May 7th, 1643. I, A. B. do swear in the presence of Almighty God that I will defend with my life and estate the King's Majesty's person, and both Houses of Parliament now sitting at Westminster, and to the utmost of my power maintain and assist the Army raised by the authority of both houses under the command of the Earl of Essex, and will to the hazard of my life and fortunes oppose all forces raised or to be raised without the consent of both houses of Parliament. So help me God. Another form of the oath will be found in Vol. II., p. 120. (3) Worcester was by custom liable to provide the dishes for Prince Maurice's daily meals. The following was the daily supply. The city admitted they were bound to see that the food was rightly assigned to different persons, and at last they agreed to meet Maurice's requirements : — p. 482. The City of Worcester to provide Prince Maurice his diet for his table as followeth daily — £ s% ^_ 1 fat mutton 012 l lamb o 06 ANNALS. i veal 0 JO 30 pound of beef . 0 °5 3 couple of pullets or capons . 0 06 6 couple of pigeons 0 03 6 couple of chickens 0 04 8 doz. of white and brown bread 08 6 pound of candles . 0 02 6 % Hogsheads of strong and small beer . 1 0 0 297- 3 *5 6 (4) In 1644 there was a large meeting of the nobility, grand jurors, gentry and others of the county remonstrating as to the injuries the men in the county were subjected to by the Crown tenants, and praying this might be suppressed. It was resolved that the Clergy should, although only four were present, separately petition the King. The Address was printed and circulated. p. 769. Mem. — That the Clergy elected D1 Thomas Warmestry and Mr Panting, Rector of Holt, as their clerks to assign the petition. And it was commanded to Sir Jo. Pakington and Col. Sam. Sandys to present it to his Majesty at Oxford. Which was so performed and his Majesty was pleased to make this answer underwritten as followeth. The petition will be found stated fully at page 1 84, as also the King's answer. (5) Townshend had a son also Henry who, as has been stated, was Sheriff in 17 16. Townshend married as his second wife Dorothy Dobbyns, the widow of an old Roundhead against whom Townshend had a grievance.* This seems to have been aggravated. From an entry which is written on a leaf of the MS. inserted between the form of the Pass given to the gentlemen who were in Worcester at its surrender and the entry of the force Rainsborough sent in to take possession of the City is the * See Ante, pp. 167 and 257. 498 Annals. following document. Its only importance is that it gives some genealogical evidence as to the family : — p. 623. The case of Henry Townshend, Esq1, concerning his land in the County of Hereford whereof he is seised in right of Dorothy his wife. The said Henry Townshend and Dorothy his wife in pursuance of an agreement had between the said Henry and Dorothy his wife before their intermarriage, and in consideration of a marriage to be had and solemnized between Henry Townsheud his son and Ann the daughter of the said Dorothy by Jo Dobbins, gent., her former husband, did by their deed bearing date the 13th of May in the 15"1 year of His Majesty's reign that now is, convey all the said lands in Evesbatch and Bishops Froome and all other the lands of them the said Henry Townshend and Dorothy his wife in the County of Hereford, with some other lands in the County of Worcester, unto Henry Townshend the younger for the term of one and twenty years for and towards the maintenance of him the said Henry and Anne his wife and for the raising of portions for the younger children of the said Henry Townshend the elder and paying of debts. That by that deed certain lands and tenements in Elmley which were lately the lands of Sir Thomas Thornborough and Dame Ellen his wife unto the value of £1299 were assessed unto the said Henry the younger and Anne his wife as part of her jointure and to the heirs male of the said Henry upon the body of the said Anne to be begotten with divers other remainders and provisoes for younger children as by the said deed may appear. That since the sealing of the said deed the said Henry Townshend the younger and the said Anne did intermarry and the said Henry the younger, by virtue of the said conveyance, is possessed of the said lands subject for raising of portions for his younger brothers and sisters and paying of debts. The entry ends abruptly without stating what was the point that had arisen. lt is believed that this completes the whole of the volume that contains the Diary, but as the entries in it are arranged entirely without order it is difficult to say if each is put into the right place. An attempt has, however, been made to do this so as to shew as nearly as possible the state of the county during the Civil War period. ( I ) INDEX OF PERSONS. Abberley, Tenants of, II 132 Abel, Alderman, I 20 Ablefield, Lord, I 69 Achitopheles, I 15 Acton, Anthony, II 25, 31, 33, 41, 42, 58, 99. 159. 163, 187, III 217 Charles, III 262, 263 George, I 196 John, II 58, 99, 159, III 217 My Lady, III 263 Nicholas, III 277 Thomas, I 196, II 78, 184 Addis, Richard, II 153 Ainsley, Mr., I 47 Albemarle, Duke of, I 50, 66, 94, II 10 Albertus, Cossuma, I 80 Alcock, Sir Thomas, I 32 Algiers, King of, I 84 Allen, Lord Mayor, I 45 Ambassador, for Marquess of Brandenbury, I 69 ,, Danish, I 69 ,, to France, I 82 „ of France, 1 79, 85, g8 ,, from Genoa, I 85 ,, from Holland, I 74 of Portugal, I 26, 27, 69, 74, 77 ,, Russian, I 95, 96 ,, of Spain, I 79, 81 ,, in Spain, I 94 ,, Spanish, I 28, 62, 79, 81, US ,, of Tuscany, I 70 „ from King of Sweden, I 79, 82 Amiens, Archbishop of, I 91 Anabaptists, I 53, 69, 70 Anderson, Mr., I 106 Andrews, Mrs., I 134, 135, 137, 164, 165, 166, 172 Theophilus, III 276 Anerum, Marquis of, I 54 Anjou, Duke of, I 68 Antwerp, Archbishop of, I 85 Archbishops, I 57, 76, 80, go Archbishop of Amiens, I 91 Antwerp, I 85 ,, Armagh, I 32 Archbishop of Canterbury, I 13, 16, 55i 62, 98 „ Glasgow, I 82 ,, St Andrews, I 82 York, I 63 Archer, Serjeant-at-Law, I 51 Argyll, Marquis of, I 54, 74, 76 Arminians, I 22 Armour, Captain, I 130 Armourer, Captain, I 112, 1 13 Army, New Model, III 224 Royal, III 228 Ascott, Duke of, I 62 Ashburnham, the King's Adviser, I 106 John, II 129, 130 Will., Ill 281 Ashby, Mr. (Mayor), I 38, III 274 Ashton, Capt., I 128, 132 Assize, I 70 " Associated Members," III 277 Association (of Counties), III 189, 190, 191, 192, 199, 200, 216, 241 Associat;on, Teme Valley, III 241, 258 Asteley, Jacob, III 257 Astley, Jo., I 39 Astley, Lord, I 99, 135, 162, III 243, 244, 246, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 254, 255, 257, 260, 261, 262 Astley, Sir Jacob, II 20, III 243 Aston, John, II 163 Major, I 43 Tho., II 82, 102 Astrologer, I 46 Atkins, Mr., I 12 Attorney of the Duchy, I 47 Attorney General, 1 50, 80 Atwood, J., II 71 Sam., II 78 Aubigny, L., 1 85 Auditor, II 137 Audley, Henry, II 59 Austria, Don Juan de, I 69 Axhill, Col., I 35 Axtell, Col., I 49, 54, 57, 63 Baber, Jane, II 141 William, II 141 Backstead, John, I 42 INDEX OF PERSONS. Bacon, II no Mr., I, 54, 163, II 142, 144, 180 Charles, II, 25, 41, 57, 99, 159. l63, III 216 John, II 95, m, 139, 151, 154 Badeley, Capt. Richard, I 32 Badger, II 133 Capt. Talbot, I 27 Bagshaw, Mr., I 16 Bailiff, III 209 Bailiff of Westminster, I 49 Baker, a Traitor, I 97 Baldwin, William, III 277 Ballard, Thomas, II 58, ioo, 160, 163, III 217 Banbury, Vicar of, I 19 Banks, Sir John, I 21 Banning, John, II 117 Bardge, I 127 Barebon, Praise God, I 82 Barebones Parliament, I 57 Barker, Ed., I 164 George, III, 281 Barkstead, Alderman, I 47 Barksted, Colonel, I 87, 88 Barlow, Dr., I 63 Barnard, John, II 25, 31, 33, 41, 42, 56, 57, 159, '^3, 164, 187, III 216, 217 Barnes, Mr., II 133 B.irnesley, Joan, II 58, 100, 160, 163 Barns, James, I 87 Mary, daughter of James, I 87 Barnsley, Th., II 78 Barons of the Exchequer, III 269, 271 Barrett, Edward, I 38, II 61, 78, III 270 Barrett, Sir Edward, I 38, 195, III 244, 357. 269, 271 Barrington, Sir Thomas, I 16 Barry, Lieut.-Col., I 54 Barry, Sir James, I 43 Bartlett, Mr., II 155 Robert, II 142 Rowland, II 78, 150 Bastwick, I 18 Bateman (Citizen), I 37 Bath, Jo. E. of, II 10 Baugh, Edmund, III 277 Baxter, Mr., I 39, 122, 123, 124, 149, II 13 Richard, I 35 Beale, Dr., I 14 Beamond, Colonel, II 140 Bean, Col., I 134 Bearcroft, Jo., Ill 276, 277 Philip, I 38 Beare, Mr., I 64 Beaumont, Sir John, II 133, 134, 135 Bedford, Earl, I 7 Belknaps, I 15 Bell, William, II 34 Bellaisis, Lord, I 53, 58 Bellamy, Capt., I 112 Bennett, Col., I 25 Bennett, Sir Henry, I 94 Berckley, Mr., I 174 Berkeley, Cha., Ill 281 §ir Charles, I 81, 84, 86, 94 Berkeley, Judge, I 5, 21, 33 Mr. Justice, II 7 Rowland, II 70, 77, 184, 182 Sir Robert, I 33 Sir Rowland, I 38, 70, 72, 126, 137, 138, 144, 196, II 108, 109, 147, 169, 171, 177, 181, 187, III 234, 244, 256, 261, 264, 265, 266, 277 Thomas, I 196 Viscount, I 37 W., II 123 Berks, Tho. E. of, II 10 Berkshire, Earl of, I 7, 46 Berners (Serjeant-at-Law), I 51 Berry, Major-General, I 29,31, 33 Berwick, Dr., I 80 Best, Anthony, II 58, 100 Edward, II 57, 99, 159, 163, III 216, 217 Humphrey, III 217 Joan, II 41, 58, 100, 160, 164 John, II 33, 41, 56, 58, 65, 100, III 217 John, Sen., II 159, 164, 187, III 217 John, Junr., II 41, 58, 100, 159, 164 Philip, II 25, 31, 41, 42, 59, ioo Widow, II 41 Betworth, Col., I 143, 148 Betsworth, Col., I 164, 158 Bett, John, III 204 Bewdley, Townsmen of, II 132 Biddulph (Citizen), I 37 Birch, Col., I 99, 100, 101, 102, 114, 115 Bishop, Lieut.-Col., I 172 Bishop, Serg.-Major, II 179 Bishop (Clergy), I 124, 159 Bishop, The, I 145, 146, 159, 160, 163, 192 Bishop of , I 10 „ Bath and Wells, I 20, 47 ,, Brechin, I 89 „ Bristol, I 66, 72 ,, Caithness, I 89 „ Chester, I 83, 86, 87 Coventry and Lichfield, I 63, 83, 95 „ Carlisle, I 64 „ Dunblane, I 8a ,, Durham, I 64 „ Dunkeld, I 89 „ Exeter, I 64 „ Ely, I 21 ,, Galloway, I 82 „ Gloucester, I 21, 66 Hereford, I 66, 83, 86 „ Isles, I 89 „ Landaff, I 64 ,, Lincoln, I 63, 96 London, I 62, 63, 73, 81, 85, 90, 95, 98 „ Londonderry, I 54 ,, Murray, I 89 „ Norwich, I 66 ,, Peterborough, I 64, 96 ,, Ross, I 89 „ St. David's, I 64 „ Salisbury, I 54, 63, 81 „ Winchester, I 87, 89 INDEX OF PERSONS. Bishop of Worcester, I 63, 71, 78, 79, 81, 83,89,94,95, 185, 196, 197 Bishops, I 10, 18, 19, 21, 22, 64, 66, 76, 80, 89, 90, 93 Bishops in France, I S4 Bishop's Bailiff, I 197 Black Rod, I 9, 19, 50, 54, 58 Blackstone, Jo., I 46 Blackstone, Sir William, I 54 Blake, General, I 28 Humphrey, I 52 Blackwell, Capt. J., I 49 Richard, I 52 Blain, Robert, I So Blinkow, Capt., I 128 Blissett, Capt., I 176, 177, 178 Blount, Captain Francis, II 154 Blount, Captain John, II 150 Bloxam, Thomas, II 112 Bludsworth (Citizen), I 37 Blunt, Captain, II 143 Captain Francis, II 142, 147, 149 George, II 184 Captain John, II 149 Captain Michael, I 151, 152 Wall., II 77 Board of Green Cloth, III 281, 282 Bohemia, Queen of, I 20, 21, 86 Boone, Captain, I 27 Booth, Sir G., I 37 Boreham, William, III 281 Borough, Sir John, I 8 Bosden, Mr., I 144 Bourn, John, II 25, 31, 57, 99 Bourne, John, II 41, 78, 159, 163, III 217 Bowyer, Francis, I 5 Brace, Cecily, II 57, 59, 159, 163, III 216 de Dardale, Philip, I 197 Philip, II n, 22, 23, 24, 26, 29,30,33, 34, 38, 39, 4o, 51, 52, 54, 57, 61, 69, 78, III 204, 269, 270, 277 Bradshaw, John, I 64, 68, 69 President, I 40 Brahe, Count of, I 79 82 Brampton, Captain, II 156 Brampton (Chief Justice), I 5 Bramston (Lord Chief Justice), I 21 Brand, II 142 Brandenburgh, Marquis of, I 52, 69 Brechin, Bishop of, I 89 Brecknock, Earl of, I 57 Brereton, Lord William, I 144 III 262 Sir William, I 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 194 Brettell, John, II 112 Brice, Mr., I 75 Bridges, Col. John, I 27, 148, 157, 158, 190 Sir William, I 125, 144, 159, 191 Bridgewater, Jo. E. of, II 10 Bridgman, Sir Orlando, I 45, 46, 50, 63 Bristol, Bishop of, I 65, 72 Bristol, Earl of, I 7, 50, 58, 85 Britten, Dr., I 88 Broad, Mr., Ill 259 Bro^d, Captain, III 259 Edw., II 71, 78 John, III 217 Brobson, Lieut.-Col., I 163 Broghill, Lord, I 43 Bromfield, Alderman,, I 20 Col., I 37 Bromley, Henry, I 196, II 77, 184, 190, 191, 196, 222, 233, 235 of Holt, III 189, 221, 244, 276 Henry, of Upton, III 276, 277 the Sheriff, III 233 Brooke, Lord, I 8, 197 Rob. L., II 10 Viscount, I 37 Broughill, Roger, Lord, I 62 Broughton (an Officer), I 40 Andrew, I 45, 47 Brown, Aid., I 37 Mr., I 38, 197 Serjeant-at-Law, I 51 John, I 35 J°-, I 52 Sir John, I 93 Sir Richard, I 47, 94 William, II 78 Browne, Serjt., I 64 Jo., Ill 278 William, II 134 Browning, Jo., II 184, III 204 Bruce, Sir James, I 37 Lord, I 37, II 10 Buchanan, Aid., I 37 Buck, John, III 291 Buckingham, Duke of, I 50, 58, 89, 96 Bull, a facetious Divine, I 59 Bunchill, Tho., II 163 Bund, Thomas, II 40 Burgess, Making of, I 12, 13 Burley, Captain, I 55 Burlton, Thomas, II 59, 184, III 204 Burnard, John, II 99 Burnell, Thomas, II 59, 100, 160, III 217 Burton (A Puritan), I 10, 18 Thomas, II 100, 160, 163, III 217 William, I 49 Bury, called King Christ, I 71 Bushell, Edw., II 71, III 276 Herbert, I 38 Bushell, Sergt. -Major, II 148 Thomas, II 78 Butler, Col., I 49 Major Hugh, I 163 John, II 32 Butts, Lieut., I 127 Byrch, III 262 Byron, Capt., I 112, 121 Ca m, Lady, I 97 Caithness, Bishop of, I Calamy, Mr., I 35 48 Edward, I 95 Calthrop, Capt., I 112 INDEX OF PERSONS. Cambridge, Duke of, I 73 Cammell, Thomas, II 25, 31, 41,42, 56, 58, ioo, 160, 163, III 217 Campden, Viscount, I 7, II 10 Cann, John, I 47 Canning, William, II 184 Canterbury, Archbishop, I 2, 16, 19, 62, 98 Chancellor, I 63 Church of, I 55 My Lord of, I 13 Cape de Verde, Governor of, I 78 Capel, Arthur, Lord, I 69, II in Lord, I 54, 55, 67, II 132, 134, 135, i36> H4, 145, H6, 155, 156 Carasour, Marquis of, I 48 Carbery, Earl of, II 11 Richard, Earl of, I 78, 80, 85 Carew, John, I 63 Carey, Mr., I 25, 59 Viscount, Falkland, I 98 Carlisle, Bishop of, I 64 Earl of, I 7 Carne, Math., II 71 Carolus, II 158, 159 Carr, Serjt.-Major, II 139, 140, 142 Carrington, Lord, I 163 Cartwright, Tho., II 112 Cassills, I 7 Cassillis, Earl of, I 59 Cassin, Captain, II 181 Castle, Lieut.-Col., I 143 Castleton, Lord, I 37 Catalonia, King of, I 20 Catalonians, I 20 Cathedral, Worcester, I 59, 60 Cathedral Church of Worcester, I 65 Catherine, Queen, I 89 Catholics, I 77, II 22, 27, 42, 44 Catto, John, I 2 Cavaliers, 127,28,29,31,174, II 181, III 238, 243 Cave, Sir Richard, III 234 Serjt.-Major, II 143, 149 Cecill of the Life Guards, I 34 Chaffin, Captain, I 80 Chalis, Nath., II 184 Chaloner, James, I 49 Thomas, I 49 Chamberlayn, Major, I 37 Chamberlain of the Household, I 45, 46 Chandos, Lord, II 140, 143, 162 Chancellor, I 12,72,75 of the Exchequer, II 141 Chant, Mr., I 20 Chapman, II 120, III 219 Capt., I 125 Char, Mr., II 78 Charles the First, King, I 72, 85, 88, 91, 99, I03, 141, i47» II 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 12, 20, 30, 63, 7S, 79, 80, 85, 86, 90, 92, 93, 98, 101, 102, 108, no, 127, 128, 137, 169, III 199, 206, 231, 233, 234,237, 243, 281 Charles the Second, King, I 37, 44, 90, 94 71, 75, III 268, 274, 275, 276, 279, 280,' 281 of Blessed Memory, King, III 281 Charles, Prince, II 85, 127, III 192, 196, 246, 247 Duke of York's Son, I 66 Charleton, Serjeant Job, I 80 Serjeant, I 64 Charnock, G., I 53 Chase, The, II 78 Chasnie, Capt., II 152 Chester, Bishop of, I 83, 86, 87 Chief Justice of, I 80 Chetle, Tho., II 71, 78 Cheyney, Captain, II 152 Chicheley, Mr., I 16, 59 Chichester, Dean of, I 144 Chief Baron, I 45, 50 Chief Constable, Division of Oswaldslow, III 227, 228 Chief Justice of Chester, I 80 „ „ Common Pleas, I 53, 54, 63 „ „ of England, I 63 „ „ of Ireland, I 47 ,, „ Rolle, I 29 Child, John, II 155 Tho., II 71, 108, 147, III 276, 277 William, II 77, III 244 William, II 11 Cholmondely, R., II 82 Sir H., I 37 Christ, King, I 72 Christian, Prince of Denmark, I 94 Church, The, I 21, 76, 77, II 46, 185 of England, II 42, 185, III 222 Churchwardens, I 13 Citizens of Worcester, I 174 Clare, Earl of, I 7 Ralph, II, 184, 187, 189, 256, 261, 265, 266 Sir Ralph, I 6, 29, 37, 54, 137, 138, 144, 157, II 36, 39, 108, 133. 134, 135, 136, 137, 147, H8, HI 189, 190, 191, 196, 234, 239, 244, 276, 280, 292 Clarendon, Earl of, I 78 Clarenceux, I 51, III 283 Clargis, Dr. Thomas, I 41 Dr., I 36 Clark, I 135 Clarke, Lieut. C, I 182 Mr., I 46 Clement, Gregory, I 44, 63 Clent, Frances, II 25, 31 John, II 69 Littleton, III 276 Clergy, I 20, 22, 78, 80, 88, II 143, 149, 157, 182, 183, 184, III 197, 297 of Diocese of Worcester, II 139, 140 Clerke, Mr., I 44 Clerks of the Council, I 47, 80 Clerk of High Court of Justice, I 41, 45 „ of the House, I 35 ,, of Indictment, I 40 „ of the Peace, I 31, II 97, 98, III 191, 205, 215 „ of the Market, I 13 Cleveland, Thomas E. of, II 10 Close, Col., I 80 INDEX OF PERSONS. 5 Clotworthy, Sir John, I 43 Clubmen, II 1S1, III 200 Coh-tt, Col., I 49 Co- :s, Sir R., II 123 John, I 196 Coft, Captain, II 143' Cc!v,_Anthony, II 59, 60, 61, III 270, 271 George, II 71 Mr., Ill 269, 270 Coles, John, III 204 Colepepper, Lord, I 46 Colles, Jo., II 184 Coliett, Col., I 35 Colooney, Baron of, I 63 Collins, Capt. John, I 33 Capt. William, I 27 William, I in, 116, 120, 141, 197, III 229 Colte, Captain George, II 149, 150 Compton, Sir William, I 53, 87 Commission, I 13 Commissions, I 2, 6, 7, 29, 57, 68, 69 Commissioners, I 36, 118, II 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137. Ill 193, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 205, 206, 208, 223, 224, 229, 231, 233, 234, 236, 239, 240, 244, 245, 246, 251, 252, 254, 255, 262, 264, 265, 269 English, I 8, 9, 43, 44, 62 Lords, I 7, 20 of Oyer and Terminer, III 198 Scottish, I 8 for Association of Counties, III 196 for the County of Worcester, II 131 of Excise, I 65 for purging Corporations, I 93 for Militia, III 272, 273 to raise Army, III 244 Scotch, I 103 Commissary General, III 226 Committee of Privileges, I 72 „ Parliamentary, I 25 Common Council, I 51 Commons, I 58, 60 ,, of England, I 48 ,, House of, I 3, 18, 39, 48 Commonwealth, I 23, 24, 29, 30, 31, 34, III 289 Cemmings, Count, I 98 Coney, Mr., I 28, 29 Connaught, Lord President of, I 62 Conradus, Aid., I 20 Convocation, I 12, 14, 20 ,, President of, I 73 Conway, My Lord, I 17 Lord, I 33, II 14 Coningsby, Mr., I 156 Fitz William, I 145, III 264 Constable, Sir William, I 29 Constable (Officer) III 209, 224, 229, 230, 238, 242, 255, 256, 272 ,, of Birchmorton, II 142 of Elmley Lovett, II 12, 14, 33, 56, 93, 122, III 239, 272 „ of Stoke and Bradley, III 224 „ of Tower, I 10 Constable of Upton Warren and Cooksey, II 173 Constables, II 121, 122, 182 „ Petty, II 122, III 208, 227 ,, Thirdboroughs, III 229 Cook, Mr., I 50, II 77, III 219 Robert, III 283 Roger, II 71 Solicitor, I 63 Cooke, Mr., I 47 Alice, II 25, 27, 31, 42,59. Elizabeth, II 25, 27, 31, 42, 59 Humphrey, II 25, 27, 31, 41 42, 59, 100 Mrs., of Staunton, II 78 Serjeant, I 42 Cookes, Thomas, I 136, 197 Coot, Sir Charles, I 43, 62 Col. Richard, I 63 Coote, Chudley, I 101 Copleston, Mr., I 29 Corbet, Mr., I 16 Corbett, Miles, I 87, 88 Ursula, I 70 Cork, Earl of, I 65 Cornbury, I 78 Cornwallis, Fredk., Lord, I 84 H., Ill 281 Cosin, Bishop J., I 64 Cosins, Dr., I 12 Cosonett, Richardus, II 65 Cotterell, Richard, II 65 Cottington, My Lord, I IO Cotton, Tho., II 82 Coucher, John, II 18 21 Court, Col. John, I 52 Sir Thomas Dawbridge, I 51 Court of Exchequer, III 269 ,, Justice, I 69 ,, Wards, I 42, III 281 Council of Marches, I 79 „ Table, I 58 ,, of State, I 25, 33, 37, 42, 43 County Parliamentary Committee, I 109 Covenanters, I 74 Coventry and Lichfield, Bishop of, I 63, 83,95 Coventry, Earl of, II 85 George, III 276 John, II 21 Lord, II 65, 76, 133, III 276, I 7, 38, 83 Thomas Lord, II 86, III 276 Lord Keeper, II 6, 7 Thomas, I 38, II 70, III 276 Couper, Sir Anthony Ashley, I 37 Cowper, Sir Anthony Ashley, I 45, 47 Cowcher, John, I no, 118 Cowley, Simon, II 65 Crane, John, III 281 Crawley, Baron, I 21 Crawford, Earl of, I 59 Creed, Major, I 35, 49 Creswell, Serjeant, II 21 Crofton, Zachary, I 70 Crogan, Col., I 57 INDEX OF PERSONS. Croft de Croft Castle, I 86 Croft, Dr. Herbert, I 83, 86 Lord, I 81 Crofts, Herbert, II 184 Sir James, III 234 Crook, Col., I 53 Crooke, Judge, I 5 Cromwell, III 224 General, I 23, 24, 25, 26 Henry, I 41 Mr., I 16 Major-General, I 159, 171 Oliver, I 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 34, 40, 41, 44. 45, 47, 5i. 52, 57, 64, 65, 68, 6g, 75 Old Protectress, I 39 Richard, I 34, 41 Crosland, Sir Jordan, I 144 Crow, Richard, I 1, II 19 Crown, Tenants, III 297 Culpepper, Lord, I 55 Sir J., I IS 45, II 129, 130 Cumberford, Col., I 156 Curteen, Willm., II 77 Custos Rotulorum, I 31, III 280 Czarnosky, General Prince, I 77 D Dalbern, Co!., I 121 Dalison, Sir Ch., I 64 Dame, Ellen, Wife of Sir Thomas Thorn- borough, III 298 Dandy, Sir Patrick, I 47 Dandy the Serjeant, I 40 Dangerfield, Tho., II 112 Daniell, John, I 42 Danish Ambassador, I 69 Danks, Thomas, II 41, 42, 59, 100 Danvers, Mr., I 4 Darby, the Governor's footman, I 129, 131. 133, 173 John, II 112 Dardale, Philip Brace de, I 197 Dauphin, I 81 Davenport, Lord Chief Baron, I 21 Daviej, Col., II 153 Edward, II 184, III 204 Davis, Richard, II 132 Dean, II 184 Dean and Chapter, I 88 Dean of Chichester, I 144 „ Hereford, I 83, 86 „ St. Paul's, I 54, 80 ,, Westminster, I 54, 95 ,, Worcester, I 6i, 81, 94 Deane, General, I 24 Degg, Simon, I 80 Delinquents, I 20, II 132, 134, 136, 139, III 245, 257, 258, 259, 260 Denmark, King and Queen of, I l?,\ „ Prince of, I 94 Denn, Will, II 112 Dennis, Captain, II 149, 150, 156 Lieut.-Col., II 156 Deputy Lieutenants, I I, 4, 47, 67, II II, 12, 14, 19, 20 Derby, Cha., E. of, II 10 Lieut.-Col., II 146 Dering, Sir Edward, I 16 Desborough, Col., I 24, 43, 49, 53 Devereux, Sir Walter, II 11, 13, 69, m, 132 Devon, Will., E. of, II 10 Devonshire, Sheriff of, I 29 Dickens, Jo., II 71, 78 Digby, Sir John, I 6 Dikens, Franc, I 163 Dineley, Edward, II 7, II Dingley, Edw., II 78, 108, 147, 184, 187, III 276 Col., I 143, 148, 149, 151, 154 Col. Wm., I 197 William, I 109, 119, 136, 141 Diocese of Worcester, II 139, 140 Disney, Mr., I 42 Divine, A facetious, I 59 Divines, II 184 Dobbins, Dobins, Dobbyns, Dobyns, Daniel, I 10, in, 197, II 38, 39, 40, 78, 167, 168, III 256, 257, 258 Dorothy, III 297, 298 Jo., Ill 298 Mr., Ill 216, 258, 259, 260 Mrs., II 167, III 259, 260, 261 Mrs. Ursula, III 260, 261 Doddeswell, Dr., I 59 Dormer, Capt., I 112 John, II 78 Mr., II 133 Dorsett (Mr.), I 42 Dorset, Ri., Earl of, II 10 „ Men, II 20 Dorsetshire Men, I 4 Doughty, Will, II 112 Douglas, Sir Wm., I 7, 8 Dove, Dr., I 144 Dover, Governor of, I 41 Dowdeswell, Rich., Ill 276 Downe, Junr,, Capt., I 49 Downes, Col., I 59 Col. Richard, I 54 Downing, George, I 87, 89 Sir George, I 89 Draiton, Sir John, I 16 Drummond, George, III 291 Drury, Marmaduke, I 51 Dudley, Dud, II 106 Earl of, II 85 Edward Lord, II 11, 86 Dugdale, Wm., I 51 Dumfermline, Charles, Earl of, I 8 Dunblane, Bishop of, I 82 Dunkeld, Bishop of, I 89 Dunkirk, Garrison of, I 76 Dunsmore, Lord, I 8 Duppa, Brian, I 54 Dr. Brian, I 87 Durazzo , Marquess of, I 85 INDEX OF PERSONS. Durham, Bishop of, I 64 Dutch, The, I 24, 25, II 6 „ Ambassador, I 20 „ Fleet, I 24, 25 East, Ed., II 78 East India Company, I 78 Earle, Dr., I 54 Sir Walter, I 1 1 Eastland, Mr., I 182 Edward, Prince, I 64, 174, 194 Edwards, Roland, I 1, II 19, III 296 Effigies of Oliver Cromwell, I 45, 51 Egginton, Tenants of, II 132 Egioke, Jo., I 109, 119, 120, 197, III 229, 276 Egyptians, I 85 Elichi, Marquis of, I 87 Elizabeth, Queen, I 22, 1151,183, III 191 Elsing, H., II 40 Elvins, Alderman, I 27 Edw., Ill 273 Ely, Bishop of, I 21 Emperor, The, " the King's brother," I 174, "75 Empson, I 15 Engineer, A rare, I 27 England, Old Queen of, I 30 English Commissioners, I 9 Fleet, I 24, 25, 32 Lords, I 8 Epernon, Duke de, I 78 Episcopal Party, I 55 Erie, Serjt.-at-Law, I 51 Essex, Col. Thos., II 89, 90 Essex, Earl of, I 7, 69, 144, 191, II 124, 126, 127, 128, 139, 157, 158, III 231, 296 L. Capel, Earl of, II 10 Robert, Earl of, II 108 Esquires of the Body, I 51 Evesham, Garrison of, I 185, 191 „ Governor of, III 238 Evet, Jo., Ill 244 Evett, Mrs., Ill 258 William, I 101, no, 118, 120, 131, 137, III 244, 257 Exchequer, I 52, 68 Exeter, Bishop of, I 64 Exeter, J., E. of, II 10 Eyre, Lieut.-Col., I 43 Facing Both-ways, Mr., II 169 Fagg, Col., I 54 Fairfax, Lord, I 37, 4° Fairfax, Sir Thomas, I 103, 105, 107, 109, no, 115, 116, 118, 119, 137, 141, 142, 153, 154, 159, l62, 163, 164, 165, 170, 173, 177, >8°> l84, l85, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, HI 231, 266, 267 Falconbridge, Lord, I 53 Falconbridge, The Vise, II 10, 11 Falkland, Lord, I 37, II 48, 76, 77 Viscount, I 98, II 10 Fanatic Preacher, I 81 Fanatics, I 35, 43, 65, 66, 93 Fanshaw, Serjt.-at-Law, I 51 Farmony, Dr., I 12 Faukland, Lord of, I 49 Fearn, Dr., I 87 Feild, Widow, II 41, 42 William, II 100 Fern, Dr., I 73, 83 Field, Eleaaor, II 25, 31 William, II 187, 216, 217 Fifth Monarchy Men, I 66 Finch, Francis, I 197, II 29, 71, 77, 108, 137,. i4i, H7 Sir Heneage, I 47, 76 Henry, I 37, 57 Lord, I 19, 21 Mr., I 37 Finnes, Commissioner Nathaniel, I 39 Fisher, Henry, III 255, 256, 265 Major, I 125, III 239 Fitter, Captain, II 178 Ffleetwood, Lieut.-Gen. Charles, I 49 Fleetwood, Sir Miles, I 16 Fleet, Ann, II 78 Mr., I 117, 124 Mrs., I 152 Fleet, Dutch, I 24, 25 English, I 24, 25, 32 Fleming, Sir Wm., I 51 Fletcher, Sir John, I 59 Florentius Wigorniensis, I 175 Foix, Bernard de, I 78 Foley, Rich , II 71, 78 Robert, III 277 Mr., Ill 239 Ford (a Citizen), I 37 Henry, II 93 Fortescue, Edm., II 71 Foster, Col., I 163 Judge, I 46 Foukes, Alderman, I 72 Fownes, John, I 197, III 224, 229 Fox, Somerset, I 26, 28 Stephen, III 281 France, Ambassador of, I 79, 85, 98 King of, I 20, 25, 30, 69, 81, 87, 98 Queen of, I 21 Queen Mother of, I 26 Reformed Church in, I 68 French Ambassador, I 79 French, I 33, Si, 196 Frenchmen, I 43 Frederick, Sir John, I 81 Freeman, J., II 78 Frensham, Captain, I 58 Frewen, Dr., I 63 Fuet, Jo., II 184 Fyncs, Col., I 29 Major, I 143, 148 Ffynes, James, I 16 Nathan, I 16 ffynes, John, I 49 INDEX OF PERSONS. G. L., I 33 Galloway, Bishop of, I 82 Gardner, Thomas, II 59, 100, 160, III 217 Gardyner, Tho., II 163 Garrett, Wm., Ill 277 Garrison, II 132, III 194, 198, 199, 228, 229, 233, 237, 238, 244, 245, 251, 253, 254, 266 Garrison of Dunkirk, I 81 „ of Hartlebury, III 208, 225 „ His Majesty's, II 122 „ of Worcester, II 106, 125, 139 Garter King at Arms, I 51 Gauden, Dr., I 35 Dr. John, I 64, 94 General of the Forces, I 50 Genoa, Ambassador from, I 85 Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber, I 51 George, John, II 65 Gerrard, Capt. Jo., I 26 Gerard (Governor of Worcester), II 169, 174, 178 Lieut.-Col., II 179 Gerrard, Lord, I 44, 46 Gerard (Gerrard), Sir Gilbert, I 16, II 158, 171, 178. 184, 187, III 200, 216, 218 Gibbs, a Traitor, I 95, 97 Brother to Gibbs, I 95 Giffin, Captain, I 76 Giles, John, I 197, III 224, 229 Mr., I 33 Gillam, Christopher, II 65 Gittins, Francis, II 57, 99, 159, 163 Gittens, Philip, III 216 Gladman, Major, I 80 Glamorgan, I 99 Glanvill, Serjeant, Speaker, I 1 Glasgow, Archbishop of, I 82 Glencarn, Earl of, I 59 Glenham, Sir Tho., I 147, 171 Glin, Mr., I 12, 16, 51 Glinn, Serjt., I 55 Gloucester, Bishop of, I 21, 66 Duke of, I 30, 39, 42, 43, 46, 51, 57, 61,65 Godfrey, Keeper of the Bears, I 32 Goff, Col., I 62, 63 Goffe, Lieut.-Col., I 112 Golldicott, II 177 Good, Thomas, II 11,78 Goodman, Bishop Godfrey, I 32 Mr., I 21, 22 Goodwin, Jo., I 49, 50, 58 Mr., I 144, 154, 158, 177, 178, 180, 183, 185, 186, 187, 189 Ralph, I 144, 195 Gordon, Dr., I 89 Goring, Lord, I 7 Gosner, Isaac, I 70 Gouch, Lieut.-Col., I 125 Roger, I no, 118, 120, 126 Governor of Cape de Verde, I 78 „ of Garrisons, III 198, 237, 245 „ of Guernsey, I 86 Governor of Guienne, I 78 of Hartlebury, III 26 1, 262 ,, of Flanders, I 48 of Tewkesbury, II 143 „ of Worcester, I 99, 100, 101, 102, 106, 108, no, 112, 113, 118, 119, 120, 122, 126, 128, 129, 130, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, '50, i5«, 154, 156, 159, 160, 164, 165, 166, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 176, 178, 179, 181, 182, 184, 186, 187, 18S, 190, 194, II 13, 90, g3, 96, io3, 124, 134. 137, 138, H7, 148, 158, 171, 178, III 200, 202, 207, 216, 218, 233, 241, 247, 252, 266 Governorship of Worcester, II 157 Government of Ireland, I 65 Government, The, I 23 Gower, Abell, III 204 Mr., II 77, 133 Nicholas, III 270 Rob., II 78 Th., II 78, 184, III 204 Gr., Mr., I 132 Grand Inquest, III 223 Grand Jurors' Names, III 204 Grand Jury, II 95, no, III, 112, 133, 135, 174, 182, III 189, 197, 203, 204, 206, 214, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 277, 2S2 Grandison, Lord, II 140 Gravy, Prince de la, I 84 Greaves, T., II 78 Worshipful Thomas, II 7, 8 Green Cloth, Board of, III 281, 282 Officers of, III 280 Grenville, Sir John, I 35, 36 Greves, Rich., II 16 Grey, Major, I 112 Lord, I 27, 49 Grey of Groby, Lord, I 49 Griffiths, Jo., I 80 Grimston, Mr., I 15 Harbottle, I 10 Sir Harbottle, I 35, 45, 64 Groom of the Stole, I 45, 50, Si Grooms of the Privy Chamber, I 51 Gross, Dr., I 173 Grove, Col., I 27, 28, 29 Will., II 112 Guernsey, Governor of, I 86 Guiband (King of Moors), I 92 Guienne, Governor of, I 78 Gustavus Adolphus, II 158 Guthrie, James, I 76 Gwynne, William, II 137 INDEX OF PERSONS. 9 H Habington, William, I 196, II 184 Mr., I 14S Hacker, Col., I 53, 54, 63 Hacket, Dr., I 83 Hackett, Alderman, I 144 Henry, III 204 Tho., I 101, no, 118 Haddon, Capt., I 182 Hakett, Hen., II 184 Hale, Hugh, II 41, 59, 100 Judge, I 46 Serjeant, I 53 Sir Matthew, I 26 Hales, Serjt.-at-Law, I 51 Halford, Mr., I 19 Stephen, III 273 Hall, Col., I 43 Mr., I 35, 158 Tho., Ill 276 Halseter, John, I 170 Hamden, Mr., I 14 Hamilton, Sir James, II 104, 131, 139, 140, 143, 148, 149. I5i. 156 Hamilton, Marquis, I 10 Hamon, I 15 Hanbury, Captain, II 153 Francis, II 41, 59, 100 John, II 58, IOO, 151, 159, 164, III 216 Tho., II 100 — , II 78 Hanford, Mr., II 132 Hangman, I 73, 74, 75 Hanmer, Tho., II 82 Hannford, Franc, II 78 Hardicanute, King, I 174, 193 Harewell, Mr., I 44 William, I 42 Harley, Sir Robert, I 16 Harnedge, Major, I 164 Haro, Don Lewis de, I 69, 83, 87 Harper, Mr., Ill 219, 220 Harrington, James, I 82 Sir James, I 49, 77 Harries, Lieutenant, II 154 Harris, Baptist, III 273 Captain Lieut., II 146 Paul, II 82 Harrison, Alec, I 8 Col., I 63 Major General, I 23, 24, 33, 42 Hartford, Earl, I 7 Hartlebury Garrison, I 185, II 180 Harwood, Charles, II 41, 42, 58, 100, 163, III 217 Haselrigg, Sir Anthony (Arthur), I 19, 49, 54, 57 Haselwood, Franc, II 78 Hastings, Col., II 140 Hatcher, Mr., I 16 Hatton, Lord, I 86 Hawley, Lord Francis, I 53 Hayle, Hugh, II 59 Hayman (a Thief), I 32 Haywood, Cha., II 160 Healinge, Capt. Henry, II 148 Heath, Jo., I 187, 180, 190, 191 Mr., I 47 Hemming, Alderman, I 144, 153 Rich., I ioi, no Henchman, Dr. (Humfrey), I 63 Henderson, Serjt. Major, II 143, 148, 149, •5°, '55, '57 Henningham, William, I 48 Henrietta Maria, I 64, 68 Henry III., King, I 174, 194 Henry VIII., King, III 262 Hepburn, Sir Patrick, I 8 Heralite, Mr., Ill 239 Herbert, Lord, I 37, 54, II 148 Mr., the King's Attorney, I 21 Mr., Ill 218 Sir Henry, I 6, 51, ig5, II n, 18, 21, 71, 77, III 244, 276, 292 Hereford, Bishop of, I 66, 83, 86 Dean of, I 83, .86 Viscount, I 37, III 276 Herefordshire Carrier, I 32 Hertford, Lord, II 126 Marquis of, I 45, 46, 50, 6l, 62 Hewett's Widow, Dr., I 42 Heylin, Dr., I 18 Heynes, Major, I 80 Hichcok, Mr., II 118 Hichcox, Mr., Ill 220 Hickson, John, I 37 Hide, Lord Chancellor, I 46 Serjt., I 64 Sir Edward, I 45 High Collector, II 1, 24, III 269, 270, 271 High Collector of Hundred of Halfshire and Doddingtree, II 1 High Collector of Kidderminster, II 3 High Constable, II 93, 93, 121, 128, 182, III 202 High Constable of Bromsgrove Division, II 7 High Constable of Hampton Lovett, II 7 Hi^h Constable for Hundred of Halfshire, II 9. 23, 32, 7°, 97 High Court of Justice, I 28, 41, 48, 55, 57, 74,77 High Sheriff, I 10, 29, 39, 113, 196, II 63, 82, 85, 90, 93, 102, 108, 121, 138, 167, 171, III 258 High Sheriff of County, III 190, 205, 222, 223,231,233,235,236, 244 High Sheriff of Salop, III 190 High Steward, I 46, III 280 High Steward of Westminster, I 49 Hill, Thomas, II in, III 279 Walter, II 184, III 204 Hodgkins, I 67 Capt., I 126, 167 Holborn (a Lawyer), I 5 Mr., I 20 Holland, Ambassador, I 74 Earl, I 7 Cornelius, I 47 Sir John, I 37 Hollanders, I 42, 44, 97 C 10 INDEX OF PERSONS. Holies, Col., I 163 Hollis, Denzil, I 37, 45, 47, 58 Holloway, Serjt,, I 64 Holt, Rector of, II 184 Holy Spirit, Order of, I 84 Hope, Tho., I 7 Hopkins, John, II 39 Hopton, I gg Home, Dr., I 86 Horniold, John, II 142, 150 Thomas, I 37, II 78, 184 Mr., II 155 Hornyold, Thomas, I 196 Horward, Charles, II 25, 31 Hoskins, Serjt., I 64 Hough, Adam, II 39 House (of Commons), I 40, 51, 52, 64 House of Commons, I 3, 4, 9, 10, II, 12, 18, 19, 35, 36, 40, 41, 46, 48, 50, 52, 55, 57, 61, 72, 73, 76, 82, 83, 89, 98, 196 House of Correction, Master of, II 15, 16, 28 House of Lords, I 3, 4, 12, 35, 37, 41, 45, Si, 57, 58, 66, 72, 74, 76, 78 House, Lower, I 20 House, Upper, I 20, 22 Houses, Both, I 21, 22, 44, 63, 72 Howard, Charles, I 68 Col. Charles, II 10, 11 Henry, I 51 Lord, I 8, 68, II 62 Sir Phillip, I 46 Sir Robert, III 257, 258 Hudson, Mr., I 106 Huet, Dr., I 55 Hughes, Capt., I 112, II 152 John, II 132 Hulett, I 50 Hull, Governor of, I 53, 58 Humble, Lord Ward, III 276 Hume, I 7 Hungerford, Major, I 148, 166 Hunks, Col., I 50 Hunt, Hen., I 109, m, 116, 119, 136, 141, 149, III 224, 229 Margery, II 160, 164 Mr., II 117 William, II 41, 100, III 204 Hurst, Captain, I 85 Hurston, Lieut.-Col., I 112 Hutchinson, Sir Michael, II 78 Hyde, Laurence, I 81 Lord Chancellor, III 276 Sir Edward, I 59, 64 I Ince, Elizabeth, II 100, 159, 164 John, II 100, 159, 164 Inett, Rich., II 132 Infanta of Portugal, I 74 „ Spain, I 50 Ingoldsby, Col., I 35, 39 Ingraham, Henry, II 108 Ingram, Sir Arthur, II 34 Ingram, James, I 164 Henry, I 113, 196, II 11, 71, 78, 147, 184, III 244, 256, 257, 261, 265 Major, I 112, 196 Insoll, Thomas, II 25, 31, 41, 42, 57, 99, III 272 Walter, II 159, 163, III 216, 272 Ints, Elizabeth, II 58 John, her son, II 58 Ireland, Deputy of, I 41, 57 „ Lord Lieut, of, I 9, 10, 17, 18, 22, 81 „ Lord Treasurer of, I 65 Lord Primate of, I 54 „ Parliament of, I 74, 76, 77, 82 „ Rebels in, I 25, 44 Ireton, Aid., I 42 Commissary General, I 40 Henry, I 64, 68, 69 Irish, I 21, 32, 58 Irish Papists, I 83 „ Soldiery, I 128, 133 Ironside, Dr. Gilbert, I 66 Israel, Manasch Ben, I 30 Isles, Bishop of, I 89 J Jacob, Isaac, I 81 Jaks, John, II 41 Jamaica, Governor of, I 84, 97 James, Duke of York, I 44 King, I 22, III 275, 281 the Vlth, I 90 James, John, I 81 Janizaries, I 87 Jeffreys, Hen., Ill 276, 277 Th., II 78 William, II 78, 108, 147 Jermin, Judge, I 26 Jessop, Jo., I 52 Mr., I 35 Jesuits, I 18, 21 „ Irish, I 83 Jesus Christ, I 98 King, I 66 Jew, The, I 87 Jews, I 30, 70 Jocelyn, Alderman, I 49 Johnson, Archibald, I 8, 95 Jolly, T., II 78 Tho., Ill 276, 277 Jones, Charles, I 1 1 Col., I 27 Col. John, I 47, 63 John, I 105 Judge, I 5, 19 Mr., St., I 12 Sir Theophilus, I 43 Jonston, J., I 167 Joyse, Cornet Geo., I 46, 48 Judge-, I 5, 11, 15, 19, 21, 26, 39, 41, 46, 47. 48, 49, 5°, 59, 63, 65 Justice Lord Chief, I 2 J INDEX OF PERSONS. ii Justices, I 42, II 133, 182, 184, III 190, 274, 276, 280, 289 ,, of Oyer and Terminer, I 93 of Peace, I 14, 46, 58, 66, 67 Juxon, Dr., I 62, 98 K Kansangi, Casimirus, I 81 Katerin, Princess of Portugal, I 89 Katharine, Queen, I 90, 94 Katrina, Donna, I 77, 89 Keble, Serjeant, I 49, 54 Keeling, Serjeant, I 64 Keeper of the Bears, I 32 „ The Lord, I 19, 20 Keite, John, II 10S, III 276 Keith, John, II 147 Kempson, Anthonv, I 141, 142, 143, 145, 156 Kenedy, Packsfield, I 7 Kennedy, Richard, I 43 Kenrick, Col., I 80 Keyt, Jo., I 37 Keyte, John Junr., II 71 Kidderminster Witches, I 40 Killigrew, Sir William, I 51 Killmoray, Rob., II 82 Kimberley, Gilbert, II 7, 9 Mr., II 112 Pil., II 112 Robert, II 3, 4, 24, 26, 56 Kimbolton, Lord, I 8 Kindon, John, III 216 Kinerley, Clement, I 42 King, The (Charles I), I 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, n, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, 40, 4i, 47, 48, 49. 5°. 5i, 52, 58, 62, 63, 67, 68, 75, 90, 91, 99, 100, 103, 106, io3, no, 116, 117, 118, 119, 122, 131, 133, 137, 138, 141, 142, 145, 147, 148, 156, 157, 162, 164, 171, 192, ig4, 195, II 19, 21, 23, 26, 45, 62, 78, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 96, 97, 101, 102, 104, 106, 107, 108, 125, 127, 131, 170, 183, 184, 185, III 191, 192, 193, 105, igg, 200, 201, 226, 230, 235, 240, 249, 169, 277, 281 King, The (Charles II), I 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 51, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 78, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95. 96, 97, HI 274, 275, 279 King and Queen (Charles), I 89, 91, 93, 96 King and Queen of Denmark, I 64 King at Arms, I 51 King Christ, I 72 King, Col., I 43 King James, I 22, II 183, III 191 King Jesus, I 66 King of France, I 20, 25, 30, 69, 8l, 87 „ Kings, I 87 ,, Moors, I 92 „ Portugal, I 62, 69 King of Scots, I 26, 29 ,, Spain, I 62, 81, 87, 97 ,, Sweden, I 30 King's Almoner, I 54 „ Armourer, I 27 Attorney, I 21, 45, 47 „ Aunt, I 86 ,, Bench, I 68 ,, Chaplain's, I 48 „ Chirurgeon, I 53 ,, Executioner, I 46 ,, Great Council, I 6 ,, Guards, I 79 „ Judges, I 39, 41, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51,55,59 „ Regiment, I 59 ,, Scholars, I 81 ,, Secretary, I 94 „ Servant, I 6, 73, 97 „ Tutor, I 87 King, Sir John, I 63 Kingston, Baron of, I 63 Kirby, Mr., I 12 Knight Malta, I 26 ,, Marshall, I 50 Knightley, Sam., II 78 Knights for the Shire, I 6, 13, 27, 33 ,, of the Garter, I 50 „ of Malta, I 84 ,, of Worcester, I 70 Knotsford, Col., II 176, I 112 John, I 101 Sir Jo., I 113, 170, 173 Knyneton, Sir Andrew, II 140 Kyndon, John, II 100 Lacy, John, II 4 Lake, Mr., II 180 Lambert, I 82 Col., I 35, 36, 37, 49 John, I 57 Lieut.-Gen., I 24, 29 Major-General, I 57, 88, 90, 91 Lancy, Dr., I 64, 96 Landaff, Bishop of, I 64 Landguard Castle, Governor of, I 41 Lane, Sir George, I 47 Richard, I 97 Langham, G., I 54 Alderman, I 37, 41 Langdale, Marmaduke L., II 11 Langton, Antho., II 184 Langston, Anth., I 137, 138, 195, II 187, III 234, 261, 264, 265, 266 William, I 196, II 71, 78, 132 Latham, I 188 Laud, Archbishop, I 41 Lauderdale, Earl of, I 59 Laurence, Dr., I 122 Laverick, Earl of, I 7, 8 Layfield, Dr., I 20 Leach, Mr., II 187 12 INDEX OF PERSONS. Lechmere, Nicholas, I 27, 33, 55, 136, 141, 197, III 229 Lechmer, Mr., I 149 Leda, Marquis, I 28 Lee, Ri., II 82 Leech, Capt., I 170 Leicester, Earl of, I 46, 175 ,, Simon, Earl of, I 194 „ Viscount Hereford, III 276 Leigh, Sir Robert, I 144 Leir, Earl, I 33 Le Neve, SirWilliam, I 51 Lench, Georg., II 78 John, II 57, 78, gg, 159, 163, III 204, 217 Jo., II 184 Lennox, Duke of, I 28 Lenthall, Mr., I 49 (Speaker), II 21 Wm., Speaker, II 47, 48 William, I 40 Leveller (Sindercombe), I 34 Leven, Lord, III 236 Leveson, Col., II 93 Lewis, Mr., I 31 (Citizen), I 37 Lieutenant-General of Worcestershire, III 206 Life Guards, I 44, 46 Ligne, Prince of, I 62 Lilburne, Lieut.-Col., I 25 Col. Robert, I 59 Lilly, William, I 46 Lincoln, Bishop of, I 10, 63, 96 Linden, John, II 159 Lindsay, Earl of, I 46 Lindsey, Mon., E. of, II io Lion King at Arms, I 59 Lisle, Commissioner, I 39, 40 John, I 47, 49 President, I 42 Lisles, Sir George, I 76 Lithcott, Col., I 80 Littelton, Capt.-Lieut. Charles, I 59 Lord Keeper, I 22 Littleton, Humph., Ill 277 James, II 71, 108, 147 Tho., II 16, 70, 77 Sir Edward, I 21, 138, 191, 195, III 264, 265, 266 Sir Henry, I 29, 33, III 276, 292, 296 Sir J., II 18 Sir Thomas, I 6, 197, II 18, 21, 85, 86, 93 Serjeant, I 61 Lord Chief Justice, I 21 Lloyd, Bishop John, I 64 Lieut., I 171 Sir Richard, I 80 London, Bishop of, I 62, 63, 73, 81, 85, 90, 95, 98 Common Council of, I 93 Lord Mayor of, I 49, 80, 81, 90, 93, 95, II 61 Recorder of, I 36, 90 Londoners, I 7 Londonderry, Bishop of, I 54 Longdon, Dr., II 77 Long Parliament, II 26 Lord Chamberlain, I 6, 46 Lord Chancellor, I 45, 46, 50, 59, 64, 67, 72, 78, 85, III 276 Lord Chancellor of Scotland, I 59 Lord Chief Baron, III 269 Lord Chief Justice, I 21 Lord High Steward, I 45 Lord Justices, I 69 Lord Justices of Ireland, I 65 Lord Keeper, I 3, 19, 20, 21, 22, II 44 Lord Lieutenant, I 67, II 12, 14 Lord Lieutenant of County, I 78 Lord Lieutenant of Worcestershire, I 50, 55 Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, I 22, 81 Lord Mayor, I 37, 3g, 45, 51, 65 Lord Mayor (of London), I 49, 80, 81, 90, g3, 95, II 61 Lord President, I 80 Lord Primate of Ireland, I 54 Lord Privy Seal, I 6, 29 Lord Treasurer, I 59, 66, II 141 Lord Treasurer of Ireland, I 65 Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, I 29 Lords of Articles, I 70 Lords, The, I 18, 19, 38, 39, 42, 46, 50, 51, 55, 57, 58, 60, 76 Lords Commissioners, I 7, 20 Lords (House of), I 3, 4, 12, 35, 37, 41, 45, 5i,57, 58,66, 72, 74, 76, 78 Lords at York, I 6, 7 Lothian, I 7 Loudon, John, Lord, I 8, 133 Loughb., B. L., II 10 Louis, King of France, I 20 Touissaints, I 81 Lovelace, Lord, II 88 Jo., Lord, II 10 Lowe, Roger, II 16, 54, 57, 78, III 269, 270 Lowry, John, I 16 Loyd, Jo., Ill 239 Lucas, Lord, I 76 Sir Charles, I 76, III 254 Lucy, Bishop William, I 64 Th., II 77 Ludlow, Colonel, I 74 Col. Edmund, I 61, 63 Major General, I 51 Luke, Oliver, I 16 Lund, John, Quarter Master of the City, I 196 Lunde, Mr., I 1 18 Lunn, Jo., I 139 Lusen (Leversen), Col., I 132 Lydiat, Mrs., II 78 Lygon, Col., I 132, 143, 148, 163, 185 Col. William, I 197 William, I 101, in, 116, 119, III 229, 276 Lyndsay, I 7 Lynne, Mr., II 133 Lyttelton, Sir Edward, II 7, 44 INDEX OF PERSONS. J3 M M ict, William alias Segar, II 5S M.idresfield, Garrison of, I 114 121, 161, Governor of, I 114 Mainzt, General of, I 78 Major, Mr., I 25 Mile, William, II 100 Malignants, II 169 Mallet, Judge, I 46 Malta, Knights of, I 26, 84 Malvern, Russell de, I 195, II 78 Manchester, Earl of, I 35, 36, 45, 46, 48, 75, II 10, III 231,236, 276 Mandeville, Lord, I 37 Manning, Fortune, II 41, 58, 100, III 216 Widow, II 159, 164 Manwaring, Bishop, I 14 Marches, Council of, I 79 Mariam, II 158 Mariot, Tho., Ill 276 Markley, I 53 Marshall of St. James, I 33 Marshall, John, II 65 Marten, Mr., I 43 Martin, Col. H., I 59 Mary, Princess, I 44 Mary, Queen Mother, I 94 Masham, Ferdinando, I 51 Mason, Sir Edward, I 54 Massall, Mr., I 13 Massam, Sir William, I 16 Massey, II 108, no, 120, 158, 169, III 189 Capt., I 151 Col., Ill 231, 238 Edward, II 108 Major General, I 46 Master of the Horse, I 45, 50 „ of the Revels I 51 „ of the Rolls, I 45, 55, 64 „ of Sutton's Hospital, I 50 „ of the Wardrobe, I 58 Maston, Roger, I 52 Mate, William, II 160, 164 Maud the Empress, I 174, 194 Maurice, Count, I 69 Maurice, Prince, I 141, 143, 156, 171, II 120, 140, 143, 144, 156, 157, III 206,213, 214, 215, 216, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237. 238, 240, 247, 251, 252, 296 Mayer, Samuel, I 54 Simon, I 50, 51 Maynard, Mr., I 14 Serjeant, I 28, 29 Serjt.-at-Law, I 51 Mayor, III 209, 244, 257, 266, 274 Mayor (of London), I 47 Mayor of London, Lord, I 49, 80, 81, 90, 93. 95, II 6' Mayor and Alderman (of London), I 95 Mazarin, Cardinal, I 68, 69 Metcalf, Mr., I 164 Mello, Don Francisco de, I 69, 77 Mence, Robert, II 112 Ments, Sir John, II 132 Merchant Adventurers, I 89 Merdingall, II 156 Mervin, Col., I 43 Sir Audley, I 74 Middlemore, Capt., II 152 Middlesex, Earl of, I 37 Middleton, General, I 59, 65 Lord John, I S9 Mildmay, Sir H., I 41, 49, 51, 77 Militia, I 25, 28, 47, 62, 68, 70, III 192 Commissioners of, III 272, 273 Milton, John, I 50, 58 Milward, Capt. Thomas, I 197, III 273 Lieut., Ill 273 Tho., I 109,111,116, 111224,273 Minister and Constable of Stock and Brad ley, III 224 Ministers (of Churches), I 22, 24, 37, 49 Minister's Wife who kept the Crown, Sceptre and Sword, I 68 Mirifold, Serjt., I 64 Mohun, Lieut., I 5 Monk, Dr., I 83 Dr. Nich., I 66 General, I 35, 37, 38, 40, 42, 43, 45, 46, 49, 50, III 276 Lord, of Potheridge, I 50 Monopolists, I 20 Montague, General, I 38, 45, 50 Lord, I 93 Vice-Admiral, I 50 Montgomery, Count, I 175 Montrose, I 7 Marquess, I 67, 74, 76 Moon, Lieut., I 4 Moore, Ed., Ill 273 Captain, II 152 Capt. William, I 112 Major, I 112, 149, 175, 191, 192 Thomas, II 65 William, I 109, in, 120, 136, 141, 149, '97. HI 229 Mooreland, Mr., I 41 Moors, King of, I 92 Mordant, Jo., Vis., II 11 Viscount, I 54 Mordaunt, Lord, I 36 Moreton, Sir Wm., I 64 Morin, I 87 a Frenchman, I 98 Morgan, David, I 79 Thomas, I 42 Col. Thomas, I 99, 101, 102, 106, 107, 113, 181 (Mr.), Ill 262, 264 William, I 80 Morley, Dr. George, I 63, 71, 78, 79, 89 Sir John, I 73 Morrice, William, I 74 Morris, Mr., I 44, III 219 Sir William, I 45, 47 Morus, Mr., I 85 Morton, Earl of, I 8 Mr., I 12 William, II 18 H INDEX OF PERSON^. Moule, Thomas, II 25, 31, 41, 42, 58, 100, 160, 163, III 217 Mounson, L., I 49 Mountnorris, Lord, I 17 Mountrath, Earl of, I 62 Muckley, Major Thomas, I 56 William, II 184 Mucklow, Major Thomas, I 56 William, II 71, III 204, 276 Munson, Lord, I 77 Murray, Bishop of, I 89 Muster Master, I 56, III 205, 228 Mynne, Sir John, II 146 Nanfan, John, I 33, 70, II 70, 78, III 276, 277 Napier, I 7 Nash, I 185, III 289, II 5 James, II 39 Jo., Ill 273 John, II 18, 21 Navy, I 19, 27, 28, 36, 38, 41, 63, 83, II 5 Newdigate, Baron, I 28, 29 Serjt.-at-Law, I 51 Newman, III 272 Newport, Fr. L., II 10 Jo., II 184 John, III 276 Lord, I 83 Nicholas, Dr., I 54 Edward, I 74, 93, II 79, 187 Sir Edward, I 46, 94 Hen., Ill 217 John, I 47 Mr. Secretary, II 75, II 134, 186 Nicholls, III 218, 221, 227 Nichols, Mr., II 118 Major Francis, I 53 Nicholson, Dr. Wm., I 66 Noble, a Tyler, I 6 Northampton, Ja., E. of, II 11 Northampton Foot (soldiers), I 170 Northcote, I 19 Northum. Alger., E. of, II 10, n Northumberland, Earl of, I 46, II 14 Norris, III 221 Norroy, I 51 Norton, Gilbert, II 184, III 204 Nott, Charles, III 221, 222 Penelope, III 222 Sir T., II 77 Norwich, Bishop of, I 66 George, Earl of, I 80, 95 Mayor and Aid. of, I 13 Norwood, Captain, I 112, 125, 166 Hen., II 71 Noy, Attorney-General, II 6 Nye, Phill., I 49 O Ogilby, Mr., I 71 Okey, Col., I 39, 87, 88, 190 Oley, Mr., I 65 Oliver, Dr., I 42, 61 Lord Protector of England, I 26 O'Neale, I 91 Orange, Prince of, I 20, 25, 44, 61 ,, Princess Dowager of, 61, 62 „ Princess Mary of, I 65 Ormond, Duke of, I 70, 81 Ormonde, Marchioness of, I 66 Marquess of, I 45, 46, 53, 57, 70, III 276, 280, 281 Osborne, Capt., I 182 Orrery, Earl of, I 62 Ottley, Franc, I 82 Overbury, Major-General, I 65 Sir Tho., Ill 276 Overton, Colonel, I 27 Owen, Colonel, II 140 Oxenden, I 67 Oxford, Aubrey, E. of, II 10 Oxford, Chancellor of, I 78 Earl of, I 37, 45, 50, 54, 61 Oyer and Terminer, Commissioners, III 198 „ „ Justices of, I 93 Pack, Aid., I 42, 49 Packington, Abigail, II 77 Sir John, II 18, 39, 70, 77 Pakington, Jo., II 184 Tho., II 184 Thomas, III 204 Sir John, I 29, 30, 37, 70, 72, 196, II 18, 21, 36, 77, 108, 109, 132, 147, 184, III 244, 262, 264, 265, 274, 276, 277, 292, 296, 297 Sir Thomas, III 263 Mrs., I 197 Paget, John, II 2 Lord, I 8 Palmer, Geoffrey, I 45 John, II 65 Lewis, II 58, 100, 159, 164, III 217 Sir Jeffrey, I 47 Palsgrave, I 64 Pantaleon Sa, Don, I 28 Panting, William, II 184 Mr., Ill 297 Papists, I 17, 34, 69, 151, II 87, III 223, 241, 242 Pardo, John, II 100 Paris, Parliament of, I 96 Parker, Col., I 80 Serjt., I 64 Parliament, I 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, II, 12, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 47, 5'. 55, 59. 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, INDEX OF PERSONS. 15 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77. 80, 81, 84, 89, 90, 92, 96, 98, 107, 108, 109, no, m, 114, 115, "6. "7. "8, 120, 130, 136, 141, 146, 162, 164, 169, 172, 177, 182, 184, 190, 192, II I, 2, 12, 15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 26, 44, 45, 62, 84, 8g, 93, g4, 108, 126, 157, 182, 184, 186, 188, III 189, 191, 196, 214, 222, 229, 230, 231, 232, 238, 269, 280, 282, 296 Parliament, Houses of, I 100, 103, 146 ,, of Ireland, I 10 Long, I 98 ,, Long Robed. I 40 ,, of Paris, I 96 Worcestershire Members of, II 18 Parliamentary Army, I 10S, II 82, 89, 90, 93, III 264 „ Committee, III 277 ,, Force, I 70, 100, 102, 113, 116, 192, II 89 „ Partisans, III 223 Parma, Duke of, I 70 Parsons, Mr., II 142 W„ II 78 Pargiter, Mr., I 4 Paston, Sir Robert, I 46 Patchett, II 78 Paulett, Lord, I 8 Paulo, II 159 Payne, I 52 Payton, Sir Thomas, I 16 Peers, House of, I 147 Pegomme, B., Ill 234 Peirce, Dr. Thomas, I 73 Pelham, Sir Thomas, I 16 Pembroke, Earl of, I 171 Pen, General, I 27 Penn, William, II 12, 14 Penne, Col., I 49 William, II 15 Pennell, Edward, III 256, 257, 264, 276, 277 Mr., I 138 Penruddock, Col., I 27, 28, 29, 55 Perks, Walter, II 59, 100 Pi^rkes, Walter, III 160, 163, 217 Perrott, Edward, I 195 Humphry, II 2 Pesall, Mr., I 151 Peterborough, Bishop of, I 64, 96 „ Dean of, I 20 ,, Earl of, I 79, 92 Peters. Hugh, I 41, 48, 51, 61, 63, 70 Mr., I 192, 195 Peverell, Edward, III 244 Ph.iyre, Col., I 50 Plie!p«, Jo., I 42 Mr., I 40, 41, 49 Phillips a Traitor, I 95 Pickering, Sir Gilbert, I 25, 49 Pie:s, William, I 20 Pierpoint, John, I 45 Pirn," Mr., I 15 Pinkney, Commissary, I 169 Mr., HI 226 Pirates, Turkish, I 78 Pitcher, Capt., I 122, 130 Pitt, Edward, I 27, 33, II 77, 109, 137, 184, II 108, III 196, 276 Richard, II 69 Scudamore, II 69 Pocklington, Dr., I 14, 22 Polard, Sir Hugh, I 86 Polander, The, I 84 Ponte, Count de, I 77 Earl of, I 74 Poole, Cardinal, I 13 Pooler, John, II 59, 100, III 217 Pooley, John, I 51 Pope, The, I 21, 70, 71, 84, 90, 96, III 231 232 Popish recusant, III 223, 242 Porter, Endymion, I 6, II 21 Portland, Earl of, I 87, 97 Portsmouth, Deputy Governor of, I 94 Potter, Dr., I 20 John, II 41 Portugal, Ambassador, I 26, 28, 69, 74, 77 ,, Infanta of, I 74, 77 „ King of, I 62 Princess of, I 72, 73, 76, 77 „ Princess, Katerin of, I 89 ,, Queen Dowager of, I 91 Portuguese, I 70, 77, 97 Poultney, Capt., I 112, 118 Powell, Henry, I 1, II 19, III 296 James, II 141 Owen, III 278, 279 Pratley, Mr., II 136 Pratt, Sir Jo., II 4 Preachers, I 22 Presbyterian Ministers, I 40, 48, 93 Party, I 55 „ Preacher, I 95 Presbyterians, I 43, 69 Price, Col. Herbert, I 196, III 244 Thomas, III 278, 27g Pride, Col., I 31, 40 Sir Thomas, 131,64,63 Prideaux, Dr. John, I 160, ig6 Priests, I 18, 21 Prim, Mr., I 77 Primrose, Sir Archibald, I 5g Prince, Charles, III 192, 196 „ of Orange, I 20, 25, 44, 61 ,, of Wales, I 141, III 192, 193, 195 Princess Mary, I 44 Prinne, I 10, 18 William, I 40 Prise, Herbert, III 280, 281 Pritchard, I 67 Thomas, II 26, 148 Privy Council, I 46, 50, 58, 64, 67, 78, 98, II 6, 9, 12 Privy Councillors, I 45, 46 Protector, The, I 26, 28, 30, 31, 33, 34, 40, 41,51,75 Protestants, I 10, 22 Prym, Mr., I 47 Prynr.e, Mr., I 18 Pulcston, Judge, I 26 i6 INDEX OF PERSONS. Puller, John, II 160, 163 Puritans, I 10, 22 Pury, Col., I 54 Pye, Sir R., I 172, II 34 Pym, Mr., I 11, 12, 18, II ig Pynn, Mr., I 14 Pytts, Edward, II 147, III ig6 Sir James, II 11 Q Quakers, I 69, 70, 71, 73, 93 Quarter Sessions, 131,66, II 17,64, 131, l65, 173, 175, HI 189, 196, 205, 214, 250, 251, 264, 265, 274, 275, 276, 277, 280 Queen (of Charles I), I 5, 10, 9g „ (of Charles II), I 52, 76, 83, 85, 90, gi, 93, 94 ,, of Bohemia, I 20, 21, 43, 73 ,, Dowager of Portugal, I gi ,, Elizabeth, I 22, II 51, 183, III 191 „ of England (Charles II), I 89 "Old," I 30 „ of France, I 21 „ Mother, I 21, 64, 66, 68, 92, 93, 94 „ ,, of France, I 26, 87 R Radford, John, II 3 Radziwill, Prince, I 77 Raglan, Lord Herbert of, II 10 Ragotslisky, I 53 Rainford, Serjt., I 64 Randall, Sam., II 112 Ratcliffe, Sir G., I 10, 18 Ravvdon, Major, I 43 Rainsborough, III 297 Major-General, I 177, 191, 193, 104 Raynsborough, Col., I 169, 170, 171, 172, 175, !76", 178, 179, 181, 182, 1S3, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 193, 195 Raynsford, Lieut., I 112 Read, Lieut.-Col., I 80 Secretary, I 18 Rebels, II 127 ,, in Ireland, I 25, 46 Recorder, I 37 „ of London, I 36, 90 Rector of Hartlebury, III 277, 278 Recusants, I 10, 19, 20, 37, II 21, 22, 25, 32, III 223 Reformado's Troop, II 177 Reformed Churches in France, I 68 Regicides, I 68, 77, 81, 87, 88 Religion, Grand Committee for, I 55 Rendon, John, II 57 Representatives, Parliamentary, I 25 Reynolds, Senior, Aid., I 37 Rheinolds, Commissary-General, I 29 Rheynolds, Dr., I 35 Dr., Edward, I 66 Lieut., I 167 Rheynotos, Mr., I 16 Richard, Aid., I 20 Richards, Edward, II 11 Richardson, Mr., II 144, 180, 181 Stephen, II 188, III 241 William, II 140 Richmond and Lennox, H. D. of, II 10 Rivers, II 82 Roberts, Lord, I 45, 57 L. Col., I 113 Robins, Ann, II 78 Robinson, Aid., I 37 Capt., I 112 Luke, I 36, 49 Sir John, I 53, 95 Widow, a Witch, I 40 Roger, Earl of Shrewsbury, I 194 Rogers, Mr., II 133 Rolle, Chief Justice, I 29 Rolls, Master of, II 129 Roman Church, I 32 Ross, Bishop of, I 89 Rossely, Queen's servant, I 21 Rossetti, Queen's servant, I 21 Rossiter, Sir Edward, I 46 Rothes, I 7 Roundheads, I 174, II 167 Roundhead Magistrate, III 278 Rous, Edw., Ill 224, 229 Sir John, II n, 13, 69 Tho., Ill 229 Sir Thomas, I 197 Rouse, Col., Ill 238 Edw., II 71 Francis, I 24 John, II 71, 77 Sir John, II 108, in, 147 Thomas, I 109, ill, 116, 119, 120, 136, II 71 Sir Thomas, 127,31,149, III 276 Rowe, Sir William, I 54 Royalists, I 29, 42, 9g, II 82, 90, 93, 112, 120, 126, 131, 157, 158, 160, 169, 181, 1S8, III 214, 221, 223, 224, 233, 237, 238, 249, 250, 257, 260, 262, 208, 275, 277 Royall, Edmund, III 217 Rumney, Captain, II 152 Paulus, II 6.5 Rupert, Prince, i 33, 63, 89, 93, 94, 141, 146, 171, II 89, 160, 163, 167, 168, 169, 172, 173, 174, 175, III 202, 203, 204, 205, 223, 224, 235, 258, 259, 260 Rushworth, I 146, 147 Russell de Malvern, Mr., I 195, II 78 Russell, Sir Tho., II 69 Will., II 184, III 189 Sir William, I 37, 112, 135, 152, 1.53, 185, 188, igi, 192, 196, II 9, n, 13, 69, 71, 77, 9°, 93, 96, 97, 101, 102, 108, 109, no, in, 112, 121, 122, 124, '31, i32. 133, 134, 135, 136, 137. 138, 139, 140, 141. 142. 143, 144, 145, H6. INDEX OF PERSONS. 17 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, '55, 156, 157, 158, HI 189, 190, 191, 196, 224, 244, 257, 259, 260, 264, 265, 276 Russian Ambassador, I 95, 96 Rutherford, Lord, I 82 Ryall, Edmund, II 2s, 31, 41, 42, 5S, 100, 160, 163 Sa, Don Pantaleon, I 28 St. Albans, Earl of, I 46, 82 St. Andrews, Archbishop of, I 82 St. James, Marshall of, I 33 St. John, Chief Justice, I 40, 49 a Lawyer, I 5 Mr., I 22 Oliver, I 21, 54 St. Wulstan, I 175 Salisbury, Bishop of, I 54, Si „ Earl of, I 7 Salkeld, Sir William, I 51 Salloway, Humph., II 77 Saloway, Humph., Ill 291 Salviati, Count, I 70 Salway, Humphrey, I 6, II 21 Sahvey, Humphrey, I 197, II n,4S Major Richard, I 195, 197 Samson, Mr., II 132 Sanderson, Dr., I g6 Dr. Robert, I 63 Sands, Capt. Martin, I ig6 Sandwich, Earl of, I 50, 58, 76, 78 Sandys, Col., I 29, 72, 192, II 93, 104, 106, m, 123, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 140, '43, I7', '72, 176 Jo., gent., I 38 Lady, I 106 Martin, I 101, II 71, 108, 123, 147, 184, III 256, 266 Sir Martin, I 126, 195, III 244, 257, 264, 265 Samuel, I 6, 38, 70, II 18, 63, 70, 77, 108, 109, m, 122, 147, 184, III 276, 292 Col. Samuel, I 106, 134, 196, II 123, 149, 171, 176, 184, III 233, 237, 244, 247, 297 William, II 18, III 276 Capt. William, I 106, 132, 196, II 180, III 261 Sarbonne, Dean and Faculty of, I 96 Sarbonnists, I 96 Saunders, Richardus, II 65 Tho., II 112 Savadge, Tho., I 38, II 82 Savage, Captain Thomas, I 29 Edward, II 71 Giles, II 69 Jo., II 77 Mrs. Kat., II 78 Major Tho., I 144 Robert, II 112 Tho., II 71, 78, 108, III 276 Walter, III 277 Saville, Lord, I 8 Say, Viscount, I 46 William, I 47 Scarlet, Edward, II 140 Keeper, II 180 Scarsdale, Lord, I 53 Schismatics, III 241 Scobel, Henry, I 24, 30 Scot, Thomas, I 38, 47, 48, 54 Scott, Thomas, I 40, 63 Col. Thomas, I 74 Thomas, alias Williams, II 58 Sir William Lane, I 48 Scotch, I 103, II 12 ,, Commissioners, I 103 „ Ministers, I 19, 90, 92 Scotland, Commissioners, I 8 ,, ,, for Government of, I 42 ,, Great Commissioner for, I ,, Lord Great Commissioner of, I 89 „ Lord Chancellor of, I 59 ,, Secretary of, I 7 Scots, The, I i, 6, 7, 8, 9, 17, 18, 19, 20, 26, 40,45, 77, 9g, 106, 133, II 19, 20, 21, 28 Scots Army, I 106 Scots' King, I 26, 29 Scots, Rebellious, I 1 Scottish Army, I 6, 9, 60 ,, Bishops, I 82 „ League, I 7 Lords, I 53 ,, Parliament, I 8 Scroop, Col. Adrian, I 49, 63 Sebright, Edw., II 70, 77 Sir Edward, II 108, 147 Secreiary of State, I 44 Segar, Will., Ill 217 Sentre, John, III 217 Sequestered Divines, I 51 ,, Ministers, I 48 Sergeant, Walter, II 142 Serjeant at Arms, I 48, 51 Serjeants at Law, I 26, 51, 64 Sessions, II 95, no, 135, 174, III 190,200, 205, 206, 214, 274, 277, 279, 282 Sesriions, Quarter, 131,66, II 17,64, 131, 165, 173, 175, HI 189, 196, 205, 214, 250, 251, 264, 265, 274, 275, 276, 277, 280 Sessions at Old Bailey, I 63 Seymour, Sir Francis, I n Seymour, Viscount, I 46 Shaw, Thomas, II 43 She Citizens of London, The, II 124 She Messenger, A, I 131 Sheffield, Col. Thomas, I 172 Sheldon, Captain, II 152 Dr., I 53, gs Edward, I 195, II 97 Fr., II 71 Gilbert, I 90 Dr. Gilbert, I 63 D INDEX OF PERSONS. Sheldon, Wm., I 38, 197, II 184, III 276, 277 Shelton, Mr., I 121 Sherborn, Edward, I 53 Sheriff, I n, 33, 38, 49, 58, II 8, 9, 93, 96, 112, 121, 142, 169, 181, 182, III i8g, ig2, 204, 221, 230, 233, 235, 283, 284, 297 Sheriff of Devonshire, I 29 Sheriffs, I 42 (chosen), I 94 of Counties, I 41 Shrewsbury, Earl of, I 37, 52, 151, 194, 195, II 53, 55, 183, 184, III 189, 190, 191, 196, 224 Shropshire Forces, I 191 Shynnet, Rich., II 16 Sigismund (King), II 158 Simon, Earl of Leicester, I 194 Simonds, George, III 276, 277 Simpson, Col. George, I 54 Sindercombe, Lieut., I 34 Smart, Mr., I 12 Smith the Baker, I 133 (sent to Tower), I 59 Ed., Ill 217 Edm., II 160 Edmund, II 25, 31, 41, 58, 100, 163, 164 Edw., I 109, in, 116, 119 Major Edward, I 197 Emanuel, III 277, 278 Francis, II 32, 94, 99, 121, 122, 123, III 276 Gibson, I 7 J., I 8 Jo., II 160 John, II 25, 31, 42, 100, 163 de Togood, John, II 58, III 217 Major, I 143 William, II n Soley, Lieut.-Col., I 144, 151, 152, 153, 180 E. (Mayor), II 85 Edw., I no, 120, 126 John, II 11 Solicitor-General, I 80 Solicitor, Mr., I 47 Somerset, Duke of, I 40, 61, 62, 64 N., Duke of, II 10 Will., Duke of, II 11 Southampton, Earl of, I 30, 45, 46, 59 Th., E. of, II 10 Spain, Ambassador in, I g4 Infanta of, I 50, 83 King of, I 50, 62, 87, g7 Prince of, I 81, 83 Queen of, I 81 Spaniards, I 20, 27, 30, 32, 33, 6g, 81, 88, 93 . Spanish Ambassador, I 28, 62, 79, 81, II 5 King, I 81 West Indian Fleet, I 33 Sparrow, John, I 52 Sparry, Captain, II 152 Speaker, The, I 1, 1 1, 23, 35, 45, 48, 49, 50, 64, 72, 73, 74, 78 of the House of Commons, II 46, 47 Speaker of the House of Lords, I 35 of the House of Peers, I 147 Speite, John, II 6g Spencer, Captain, II 152 Spiller, Sir Henry, I 20, II 108, log, 147 Spooner, John, II 65 Stanford, Mr., II 88 Stapley, Col., I 25 Starr, Col., I 127, 143, 148 Stearne, Bishop Richard, I 64 Steele, Serjt., I 26 Stephen, King, I 174, 194 Stephens, W., II 78 Steward, Sir Lewis, I 8 Stewart, Gilbert, I 59 Stewarts, Royal Family of, I 30 Steyner, Rob., II 71 Stone, John, II 41 Stowell, Sir John, I 86 Stower, John, II 57, 99, 159, l63 Mary, III 216 Strafford, II 12, 21 Earl of, I 72 Lord of, I 18 Stratford, Earl of, I 10, 19 Streaker, Col., I 80 Street, Mr., I 35, 155, 173 Francis, I 144 Thomas, I 70, 72, III 276 Strensham, Garrison of, I 185 Strickland, Mr., I 25 Stubbs a Traitor, I 95 Stutty, Christopher, I 1, II 19, 20, III 296 Styles, William, II 65 Sub-Dean, I 81 Suffolk, Earl of, I 171 James, E. of, II 10, 11 Summers, John, III 271 Mr., I 102 Surgeon, II 153 Sutton, Mr., II 142 Swan, Mr., I 44, 46 Sweden, Ambassador from King of, I 79, 82 King of, I 30 Sydenham, Col., I 25, 49 Sir Edwd., I 50 Sir Ralph, I 50 Symonds, George, I 70 Thomas, I 31 Sympson, Leonard, III 276, 278, 279 Syner, William, II 33 Syse, Serjt.-at-Law, I 51 Talbot, John, I 35 Lord, I 195 Mr., II 147 Sir Jo., Ill 276 Sherington, Sharrington, I 38, ic II 77, 108, 147, III 276 Tate, Mr., I 16 Tax Gatherers, I 174 INDEX OF PERSONS. I9 Taylor of Bransford, I 131 Thomas, II 65 Teme Valley Association, III 241, 258 Temple, Col., I 50, 51, 59 Tenants of Abberley, II 132 of Egginton, II 132 Ternell, Serjeant, I 54 Tew, John, III 263 Thatcher, Francis, II 59 Humphrey, II 41, 56, 59, 100, 160, 163, 187, III 217 Thomas, Ancient, I 125 Thomond, Earl of, I 17 Thornborough, Giles, I 81 Lady, I 163 Sir Thomas, III 29S Dame Ellen, Wife of Sir Thomas, III 298 Thornburgh, Jo., I 167 Thoroughgood, Sir John, I 54 Thorpe, Baron, I 28, 29 Throgmorton, Rob., II 184 Thurlow (Secretary of State), I 40, 41 Tichborne, Aid., I 42 Tipper, John, II 159 Tolley, Widow, III 255, 256, 265, 266 Tomkins, Tomkyms, Tompkins, Nathaniel, II 57. 99, '59, '63, HI 217 Tomlinson, Col., I 24 Col. Mathew, I 43 Tompson, Walter, I 37 Tong (a Traitor), I 95 Torrington, Earl, I 50 Tory, III 276 Tower, Lieutenant of, I 53, 87 Town Clerk, I 144, 164, 168, 187, 189 Townshend, Dorothea, I 44 Townshend, I 99, IOO, 102, 106, 107, 113, 115, 152, II 1, 7, 9, 19, 20, 21, 22, 28, 36, 41,45, 112, 158, 164, 167, 168, III 189, 195, 200, 204, 221, 228, 229, 232, 233, 234, 240, 249, 255, 256, 257, 258, 262, 267, 268, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 280, 283, 28g, 2g6, 2g7 Townshend, Henry, I 31,38, 70, 118, ig2, '95, II 34, 38, 39- 40, 41, 51, 52, 54, 57, 61, 71, 78, gg, 108, 109, 137, 141, 159, 163, 167, 184, II 11, 22, 23, 24,25,26, 30, 3', 33- 34, HI 205, 216, 240, 241, 257, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 265, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 276, 277, 283, 298 Townshend, Henry, Junior, II 26 Townshend, Anne, Wife of Henry Town shend the Younger, III 298 Townshend's Son, III 272, 273, 284, 297, 298 Townshend, Sir Horace, I 37 Thomas, I 44 Mr., II 147 Vernon, I 2 Townsmen of Bewdley, II 132 Trained Band, II 19 Traitors, I 95 Transilvania, Prince of, I 53 Trapanners, I 41 Traquair, Earl of, I 8, 10 Treasurer, Mr., I 15 Treasurer of King's Household, I 86 Trenchard, Mr., I 11 Tressilian, I 15 Trimmell, Mr., Ill 219, 220 Trussell, Mr., I 43 Tupper, John, II 100 Turberville, Thomas, II 65 Turenne, General, I 79 Turkenton, Lieut. Col, I 143 Turkey, Emperor of, I 87 Turkish Pirates, I 78 Turks, I 53, 70, 92 Turley, Edw., II 150 Turner, Sir Thomas, III 277 Serjeant, I 54 Sir Edward, I 72 Timothy, I 80 Turvey, Edm., II 78 Mr., II 142 Mrs., Ill 239 Tuscany, Duke of, I 70 Twisden, Serjeant, I 28, 29 Serjt.-at-Law, I 51, 53 Twistleton, Col., I 54 Philip, I 42 Twitty, Thomas, I I3g Tyas, Sir Daniel, I 144 Tyldesly, Sir Tho., I 147 Tyner, Thomas, II 25, 31 Typper, John, II 41, 58, 164, III 217 Tyrer, John, III 272 Thos., II 42, 57, g9, 159, 163, III 216 Tyrrell, Serjeant, I 53 Tything Men, II 182 Tything Men of Elmley Lovett, III 239 U University of Oxford, I 64 Universities Sub-Committee, I 16 Usher, Archbishop James, I 32 V Vane, Mr. Secretary, I 8 Vane, Sir Harry, I 4.9, 54, 57, 82, 90, 91 Vaughan, Rich., II 71 Vavasour, Sir William, II 162 Venables, Col., I 27 Venner, I 67 Vernon, Capt. Alderman, I 38 Col. Edward, I 29 Edward, I 196, II 11, 46, 48, 65, 71 77, 93, 108, 147, III 276 Vincent, Alderman, I 37 Viner, Alderman, I 41 Virgin Mary, I 84 Vizier, Grand, I 87 Prince, I 87 Vowell, Gerard, I 26, 28 20 INDEX OF PERSONS. W Wait, Col., 150,51,59 Wales, Lord President of, I 78, 85 Wales, Prince of, I 141, III 192, 193, 195 Walker, Francis, I 31, II 97, 98, III 191, 205, 215,257 Mr., II 142 Sir Edward, I 47, 51 Waller, II 120, 121, 126, 169, III 296 Mr., I 15 Sir Hardress, I 82 Sir William, II 124, 132, 146, III 231, 296 Wallop, Robert, I 77 Sir Henry, I 16 Walsh, Captain, II 142, 143 Captain Joseph, II 149, 150 Captain William, II 147, 154 George, I 196 Joseph, I 137, 195, II 71,77, 108, 141, 147, III 244, 256, 261 William, I 196, II 71 Walton, Brian, I 83 Robert, I 49 Servant of, I 68 Warburton, Judge, I 26 Ward, Lord, III 234, 276 Waring, Major, I 57 Wariston, Lord, I 95 Warmstrey, Dr., I 70, 122, 123, 146 Dr. Thomas, I 81, 144, II 184, III 2g7 Thomas, I 94, II 184 William, II n Warwick, Earl of, I 7, 37, 41 Warwicks (Soldiers), I 170 Warwickshire, High Sheriff of, I 19 Washbourne, Captain, II 132 John, I 197, II 70, 78, III 204 Wm., Ill 276 Washington, Col., Ill 250 Col. Henry, I 99, 100, 101, 103, 105, 107, 108, in, 112, 113, 119, 120, 135, 136, 137, Hi, H3, H7, 'Si, 152, 153, 154, 155. 156, 160, 177, 178, 179, 183, 188, 190 Henry, III 261 Watkins, Mr., II 142 Walton, Mr., I 170 Weavers, I 189 Webley, Francis, II 41, 59, 160, 163 Wedderburn, Alec, I 8 Rutherford, I 7 Weld, John, II 82 Welsh, Cornet, I 166 Forces, I 191 Joseph, II 137 Mr., I 152 The, I 157, II 120 Wentworth, Lord, I 46 Westminster, Bailif of, I 49 Dean of, I 95 High Steward of, I 49 Westmoreland, E. of, II 10 Weston, Baron, I 21 Hierom, I 97 Westwood, Nunnery of, III 255, 262, 263 Whaley, Col., I 62, 63 Whalley, Col. (Serjt.-Major General), I 106, 107, 109, no, 113, 114, 115, 118, 119, 120, 122, 126, 127, 131, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137, '42, H3, 148, 149, '5°, 15', 152, '53, '54, '55, '56, '59, '69, 171, '73, '76, '77, '8°, '8', '82, 186, '94 Edward, I 109, in, 116, 119, 120, 130, 141, '55 Wharton, Lord, I 8 Wheeler, Capt., I 121 Mr., Ill 263 The, II 184 William, II 34 White, Drum Major, I 156 Major, I 65 Whitehead, Mr., I 16 Whittington, Mr., Ill 273 Richard, III 274 Wiborn, William, I 54 " Wicked Will," Captain, I 126, 167 Wicken, Mayor of, I 38 Wigorniensis Florentius, I 175 Wilcks, Col., I 80 Wild, Sir William, I 90 Wilde, Jo., II 48 Wildman, Major, I 33 William Rufus, I 194 Williams, Tho., II 160, 163 alias Scot, Thomas, II 31, 41, 42, 100 III 217 Willie, Serjt.-at-Law, I 51 Willis, II 85, no Sir Richard, I 41, III 243, 249 Wilmot, II 126 Wilson, Robert, I 82 Roland, I 20 Wiltshire Cavaliers, I 27, 29 Winchelsea, Earl of, I 41 Winchester, Bishop of, I 87, 89 Heneage, E. of, II 10 Windebank, Sec, I 18, 21 Windham, Serjeant, I 55 Windsor, Lord, I 37, 50, 55, 56, 59, 78, 97, 196 Poor Knights of, I 28 Thomas, Lord, I 84, II 11, III 276 Sir John, II 147 Winford, John, I 137, II 9, 77, 184, III 296 Sir John, I 138, 196, II 108, 147, 187, III 244, 265, 266, 276 Wingforth, I 53 Winton, Robert, III 204 Wintour, Sir George, I 29, II 78 Wintowe, Sir John, I 92 Witches, I 74 Kidderminster, I 40 Witherington, Serjt.-at-Law, I 51 Withorne, Capt., I 112 Withy, Mr., I 118 Wollaston, Rich., II 58, 99, 159, 163, III 217 Wood, John, III 222 Woodcock, Sir Thomas, I 54 INDEX OF PERSONS. 21 Woodhouse, Sir Michael (Governor), I 1 14, "5, '32 Serjeant Major General, II 140 Woolseys, I 15 Worcester, Bishop of, I 71, 78, 79, 81, 83, 89, 94, 95, 163, 185, 196, 197, II 5 Cathedral Church of, I 59, 60, 65 Church of, II 5 Citizens- Faithful and Valiant, I 175 Famous and Loyal, I 193, 194 Citizens, II 87, 89, 139 Council at, II 71 County of, Compounders for, III 280 ,, Congratulations to King on Restoration, III 274, 275 County of, Lieut. -Governor of, I 162 Dean of, I 6i, 81 Garrison, I ioS, 108, 113, 114, 121, '3°, '3', '35, 136, 14', '43, '53, 154, 158, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 169, 176, 184, 185, i85, 187, 192, 195, II 106, 125, 139 Governor of. (See Governor of Wor cester) Governorship of, II 157 Marquis of, I 62, 66, 67 Mayor of, I 38, 39, 101, 108, 109, 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 120, 126, 127, '3', 136, 137, '41, 156, 159, 161, 162, 163, 168, 172, 177, 179, 183, 187, 191, II 87, 88, 89, 93, III 209, 244, 257, 266, 274 Worcestershire Contingent, II 20 Worcestershire, High Sheriff of, I 10, 29 Lord Lieut., I 50, 55 Wortley, Sir Francis, II 140, 143 Wray, Col., Ill 240 Wren, Bishop, I 47 Wright, Dr., I 60 Thomas, III 377, 278, 279 Wulstan, St., I 175, 194 Wyatt, Sir Dudley, III 234 Wyld, George, II 39 John, II 39 Major, I 29 Mr., I 36 Serjeant, II 77 Tho., I 37, III 276 Wylde, Chief Baron, I 26 John, I 6, II 11, 18 Mr., I 117 Robert, I 196, II 184, 187, III 234 Serjeant, I 14,55, II 21, 64 Major Thomas, I 196 William, I 37 Wyldman, Major John, I 82 Wylmot, Captain, I 6 Wyndham, Serjeant-at-Law, I 51, 64 Mr., I 28, 29 Wynford, Sir John, I 38 Wynnes, John, II 26 Wythe, Fran., II 1 12 Yardley, George, II 132 Yarnold, Richardus, II 65 Yonge, Edm., I 136, 141 Jo., I 197 Tho., I 141 Wm., I 197 Vonger, Capt., I 164 York, Archbishop of, I 63 Duchess of, I 66, 89 Duke of, I 30, 37, 39, 42, 43, 44, 46, 53, 54, 61, 62, 72, 73, 81, 82, 86, 93, 94, Hi Duke, Son of, I 66, 73 Duke and Duchess, I 84, 85 ( *4 ) INDEX OF PLACES. Abberley, I 115, 117, 195, 196, II 115, 1S0, 181 Abberton, II 118, 180, III 220 Abbotsmorton, II 117, 180 Ablench, II 117 Acton Beauchamp, II 116 Adrianople, I 80 Africa, Coast of, I 78, 79 Alcester, I 100, II 89, III 236 Aldermanbury, I 10, 80, 95 Aldermaston, II 118, III 220 Alderstone, II 177 Aldington, II 117, I7g Algiers, I 78 All Hallows, Barking, I 20 All Hallows' Well, I 38 All Saints, I 103, 104, m Alton, II 115 Alvechurch, I ig7, II 119, 176, III 219 Ampthill, I 52 Anglesea, I 29, II 51 Antwerp, I 85 Areley, II 179 Kings, II 116 Armagh, I 32 Armscott, II 120 Arnescott, II 176 " Associate " of Counties, II 183, 186 Associated Counties, III 192, 193 Astley, I 116, 196, 197, II 115 Aston Magna, II 120 Atclench, II 177 Ayr, I 59 B Badsey, II 117, 179 Ballhall, III 217 Banbury, I 105, 132 Banquetting House, I 45, 87 Barbadoes, I 26 Barbourne, Barbon, I 108, 117, 119, 120, i»7, 150, 170, 172 Barking, I 20 Barnshall, I 134, 137 Battenhall, II 119, 179, III 218 Bayton, II 115 Bear Garden, I 32 Bedford, II 10, 49 Bedlam, I 71 Belbroughton, II 2, 3, 16, 35, 41, 46, 55, 113, 114, 180, III 231, 261 Bellington, II 58 Benge'worth, II, 117, 178 Benihley, II 112 Bentley, I 197, II 16, 35, 42, 55, 1 14, 177 Pauncefoot, II 3, 5 Stand, II 4 Beoley, I 195, 197, II 118, 178, III 219 Berks, II 10, 49 Berrington, II 116 Berrow, II 119, 177, III 221 Besford, II 118, 181, III 220 Bewdley, I 2, 6, II 13, 21, 69, 93, 116, 136 169, 177, III 235, 237, 240, 292 Birchmorton, II 142 Birlingham, II 118, 177, III 220 Birtsmorton, II 118, 178, III 221 Bishampton, II 119, 180, III 220 Bishoprick of Durham, I 7 of Newcastle, I 7 Bishop's Frome, III 2g8 Palace, I 125, 142, 158, 159 Blackenhurst, II 5, lS, 54, 117 Hundred, II 117, III 219, 289 Blackmore Park, I 196 Blockhouse, I 124, 137 Blockley, II 120, 178 Boccleton, II, 116 Bois de Vincennes, I 69 Bordeaux, City of, I 25 Bradforton, III 273 Bradley, II 119, 181, III 219, 223 Bransford, I 131, II 181, III 220 Braynford, I 10, 95 Brecknock, II 51 Breda, I 35, 41 Bredicot, II 119, 179 Bredon, I 121, II 119, 177, III 220 Bretforton, II 117, 179 Bricklehampton, II 177, III 220 Brickleton, II 117 Bridge, The, I 153, 155, 158 Bridgnorth, I 188 Bristol, II 50, 126 Bristowe, I 146 Broad Heath, I 117 Street, I 137, 167 Street (London), I 80. Broadwas, II 118, 177, III 218 Broadway, II 117, 169, 177, III 220, 276 Bromsgrove, I 31,56, II 3, 13, 15, 16, 17, 23. 33. 3S> 36, 42, 5i, 52, 53, 54, 55, 59, 60, 61,69, 112, 114, 169, 176 INDEX OF PLACES. 23 Bromyard, III 235 Broughton Hackett, II 117, 179, III 210 Brussells, I 85 Bucks, II 10, 49 Buen Retiro, I 87 Burford, I 5, II 169 Burton, I 196 Bushley, II 11S, 177, III 220 Calais, I 93 Cambridge, I 14, II 10, 49, 158 Canterbury, I 43, 55 Cardigan, I 29, II 51 Cardinal's Hat (Worcester), III 257 Carmarthen, II 51 Carnarvon, I 29, II 51 Castle gaol, I 70 Hill, I 155, 158, 167, 170, 172, 174, 175, II 123 Morton, II 118, 142, 177, III 220 of Edinburgh, I 80 Caterclough, I 32 Chaceley, II 118, 178 Chaddesley Corbett, II 3, 16, 35, 42, 46, 55, 113, 114, 180, III 221, 261 Chadwick, III 270 Chapman's Division of Oswaldslow, III 219 Charing Cross, I 10, 26, 63 Charles Island, I 78 Charlton, II 177, III 220 Cheapside, I 43, 74, 96 Cherry Orchard Pool, I 1 Cheshire, I 66 Chester, II 49, 82 Chradley, II 35 Christchurch, I 81 Churchhill, II 3, 16, 35, 42, 46, 56, 1 13, 115, 119, 176, 179, III 218, 219 Church Lench, II 3, 16, 35, 42, 55, 113, 114, 177, III 219, 220 Honeybourne, II 117, 178 Claines, II 118, III 218 Clausenburg, I 92 Claynes, II 179 Cleeve, II 120 Clifton, II 116 on Teme, II 142, 179 Cloisters, Magazine in, I 166 Cochin, I 97 Cofton, II 16, 113, 114, 176 Cofton Hackett, II 3, 16, 35, 42, 55, III 234 Colchester, I 76 Coleman Street, I 67, 75 College Green, III 227, 228 Steeple, I 172 Cologne, I 91 Comberton, II 117, III 220 Compton Magna and Parva, II 179 Conniswick, II 115 Constantinople, I 80, 87 Cook's (Mr.) Division of Halfshire, III 219, 220 Cooksay, Cooksey, II 4, 16, 36, 43, 55, 113, "4, 173, '77 Corn Market, I 38, 126 Cornwall, II 10 Correction, House of, II 120 Cotheridge, I 196, II 116, 177, 179 County Palatine, I 9 Covent Garden, I 53 Coventry, II 50 Cradley, II 3, 16, 42, 45, 113, 114, 176, III 219 Cripplegate, I 125 Croft Castle, 1 86 Croome Dabitot, II 119, 180, III 218 Cropredy Bridge, II 169 Cropthorne, II 119, 177, III 220 Cross, The, Worcester, I 38, 158 Cross Guns in Russell Street, I 53 Cross Inn, I 128, III 226 Crowland, I 52 Crowle, I 196, II 3, 16,35,43,55, 113, 114, 119, 180 Crutch Farm, III 255, 256, 262, 263, 264, 265 Cuba, I 97 Cudley, II 119 Cumberland, II 10, 51 Cutnall, III 216 Cutsdean, II 120 Cuttenhail Green, II 57 D Daintry, I 35 Dantzig, I 77 Danzig, I 84 Darlingscott, II 120, 176 Darlington, I 163 Daventry, I 35 Daylesford, II 120 Deanery, The, I 81 Deep, I 68 Defford, I 70, II 118, 180, III 220 Delf, I 87 Denbigh, I 29, II 51, 82 Denmark, I 49, 64 Derby, I 29, II 10, 49 Devises, II 126 Devon, II 10, 49 Devonshire, I 12, 29 Diglis, I 165, 167, II 123 Mead, I 121 Dinglas, II 123 Ditchford, II 120 Doddenham, II, 115 Dodderhill, II 4, 16, 36, 43, 46, 55, 112, 114, 181, III 255, 256 Doddingtree, Hundred of, II 2, 5, 39, 54, 113, 115, 142, III 220, 252, 289 Dodford, I 197 Donnington, I 99, 100, 103, III 261 Dormston, II 118, 180, III 220 Dorset, II 10, 49 24 INDEX OF PLACES. Dort, I 89 Doune Castle, I 59 Dover, I 43, 93, 172 Doverdale, I 197, II 3, 16, 35, 43, 46, 55, 113, 114, 176 Downs, The, I 24, 85 Draycott, II 120 Dresden, I 69 Droitwich, I 2, 6, 102, 1 14, 195, II 3, 13, 16, 21,35,36,43, 55, 69, 112, 114, 169, 171, 178, III 233, 234,236, 240 Drury House, I 73 Dublin, I 32 Dudley, I 15, 132, II 3, 13, 16, 35, 36, 43, 55, g3> "3, "4, 176, HI 219. Dumbarton, I 59 Dumfermline, I 7 Dunclent, II 55, 113, 114, 180, III 221 Dunkirk, I 32, 33, 53, 81, 82 Dunstafnall, I 59 Durham, I 12, 163, II 10, 51 Bishoprick, I 7 County of, I 9 Farington, I 4 Farringdon, II 131 Feckenham, I 197, II 4, 16, 35, 43,55, "2, 114, 178, III 219, 220 Felgates, III 217 Fladbury, II 119, 179, III 219 Flanders, I 33, 48, 62, 85 Fleet Street, London, I 27 Flint, I 29, II 51, 82 Flyford Flavell, II 117, III 220. Fontarabia, I 50 Foregate, I 133, 134, 149, '65, '73, '87. H 122 Forest of Dean, II 143, 156 France, I 21, 27, 30, 41, 64, 66, 68, 71, 79, 82, 95, 96 Frankley, II 4, 16, 35, 43, 56, 113, 115, 176, III 219 Friary, II 123 G E Earls Croome, II 119, 177, III 218 Court, I 196 Earls' Post Inn, I 173 Eastham, I 52, II 116 East Indies, I 97 Eckington, II 117, 181, III 220 Edgehill, I 37, II 90 Edinburgh, I 7, 8, 60 70, 74, 76, 80, 84, 85, 89, 90, 92, 93 Castle, I 80 Egham, I 52 Elbury Hill, I 113 Wood, I 109, 114 Eldersfield, II 118, 178, III 220 Elmbridge, II 3, 16, 35,43, 46, 55, nj, 114, II 181, III 255, 256 Elmley Castle, II 119, 177, III 220 Elmley Lovett, I 1, 2,6, 193, 195, 11,4,5,9, 12, 14, 16, 19, 23, 24, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 33, 35, 43, 46, 51, 52, 55, 56, 57, 93, g8, gg, 113, 114, 122, i5g, 163, 180, 187, III 216, 221, 234, 238, 23g, 240, 241, 256, 261, 263, 264, 265, 268, 269, 272, 296, 298 Ely, Isle of, II 49 England, State of, III 290 English Plantations, I 73 Essex, II 10, 50 Estington, II, 119, 177 Evenlode, II 120 Evesbach, III 298 Evesham, I 2, 56, 163, 175, 194, 197, II 13, 21,69, g3, 117, 127, 129,163, 169, 176, 178, III 207, 208, 2ig, 233, 238, 239 Abbey, II 5 Exchange, The New, I 26 The Old, I 39, 74, 75 Exeter, I 28, 103 Exon, II 49 Eye, I 52 Gallicia, I 53 Gallows at Tyburn, I 77 Gambo, River, I 78 Gaol, II 120 at Worcester, III 279 Gate, I 191 Gatehouse (Prison), I 80 Germany, I 53, II 158 Glamorgan, II 51 Globe Tavern, I 137 Gloucester, I 32, 62, 100, 113, 114, 132, 169, II 10, 50, 90, 105, 10S, 120, 123, 126, 145, 151, 156, III 189, 244 Gloucestershire, I 5, g2, II I3g, 157 Goodwin Sands, I g2 Grafton, I 195, II 55, 113, 114, 176 Flyford, II 117, 180, III 220 Manor of, II 53, 55 Granville, I 21 Gravell Butts, I 126 Gravellines, I 18 Gravesend, I 82 Great Shelsley, III 222 Greece, I 53 Greenwich, I 52, 93 Grimley, II 119, 178, III 218 Groby, I 49 Grocers' Hall, I 26 Guildhall, I 53 London, I 36 Guinea, I 89 H Hadsor, II 4, 16, 35, 43, 55, 113, 114, 181 Hagley, I 197, II 4, 16, 35, 43, 46, 56, 113, 115, 176, III 219 Hague, The, I 20, 43, 44 Halfshire, II 2, 3, 5, 9, 13, 15, 18, 24, 29, 32. 35, 36, 41, 42, 45. 54, 60, 70, 97, 1 12, 1 13, 121, III 219, 220, 269, 289 INDEX OF PLACES. 25 Hallow, I 117, 153, 157, II 119, 178, III 218 Ford, I 117 Hamburg, I 89 Hampton, II 55, 180 Court, I 90, 91, 93, 161 Lovett, I 196, II, 4, 7, 16, 35, 43, "3, "4, HI 255, 256, 362, 263, 264, 265, 266 Magna, II 117, 177 Hanbury, I 175, 196, II 119, 180, III 219, 276 Hanley, I 196, 197 Castle, II 118, 177 III 221 Child, II 116 William, II 116 Harborough, II 14 Hartlebury, I 107, 108, 132, 163, II 46, 119, 163, 180, III 207, 208, 221, 225, 253, 257, 261, 262, 277, 278, 279 Castle, I 105, 107, 135 III 261 School Land, III 217 Harvington, I 197, II 119, 177, III 220 Haverford W., II 51 Headington near Oxford, I 107 Heddington, I 107 Henley-upon-Thames, I 75 Henry Vllth Chapel, I 64, 68, 73 Henwick's Hill, I 121, 124 Hereford, I 39, 114, 132, 164, II 10, 50, 83, 120, 121, 183, 184, III 189, 190, 191, 192, 196, 199, 224, 225, 232, 236, 237, 244, 260, 296, 298 County of, I 86 Herefordshire, III 221 Hertford, I 80 Herts, II 10, 50 Hewell Grange, I 196 Hide Park, I 35 Highnam, II 120 High Street, I 173 Highward, I 103, 104, m Hill, II 179, III 2ig Hill Croome, II 119, 177, III 218 Hill Moor, II 119 Himbleton, II ng, 180, III 219 Himley, III 234 Hindlip, I 196, II 119, 181, III 218 Hintonhill, II 128 Hoblench, II 119, 180, III 219 Holborough, II 117. Holdfast, II 119, 177, III 221 Holland, I 25, 61, 62, 73, 77, 87, 89, II 116, III 271 Holt, I 196, II 119, 178, III 189, 218, 221, 276, 297 Hospital of St. Oswald, I 129 Howson, II 177, 178 Huddington, II 119, 180, III 219 Hull, II 50 Hunts, II 10, 50 Icomb, II 120 Ilchester, II 170 Indies, I 73 Inkberrow, II 119, 178, III 220, 233 Insoll, III 217 Insula de Wight, II 50 Inverness, I 59 Ipswich, I 4g Ireland, I 17, 18, 25, 32, 41, 47, 53, 54, 83, 88, g9, II 12 Isle of Cuba, I 97 Isle of Jamaica, I 27 Isle of Jersey, I 97 Islington, I 26 J Jamaica, I 27, 31, 32, 84, 97 James Island, I 78 Jersey, I 97, 141 Justice, Courts of, I 22 K Kempsey, I 128, 131, 132, 134, 164, 175, 194, II 118, 144, 179, III 218 Kent, II 10, 50 Key, I 126 Kidderminster, I 40, 105, 108, 191, 197, II 4, H, 15, 16, '7, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 43, 52,53, 55, i°3, "3, "4, i8o,III 221, 235, 240, 25g Kildare, I 32 Kingford, II 4, 35, 43, 56, 113, 115, 176, III 219 King's Bench, I 5, 46 King's Court, I 10 Kingsnorton, I 197, II 3, 4, 5, 16, 35, 43, 54, "4, 176 Kingston, II 50 Kington, II 4, 16, 35, 43, 55, 180, III 219, 220, 221 Kinton, II 113 Knighton, II 118 Knole, The, I 38 Knoll, The, I 172 Kynton, II 114 Kyre Parva, II 116 Kyre Wyard, II 1 16 L Lambeth House, I 2, 29, 82 Lancaster, II 10, 50, 83 Leicester, II 10, 50, III 189, 234 Leigh, II 118, 181, III 220 Leith, I 59 Lenchwick, II 117 Lenchwick Norton, II 179 Lichfield, I 102, 132, 147, 186, II 50, III 199 Lichfield, Close of, I 132, 173 Lincoln, II 10, 50 E 26 INDEX 6F PLAcfiS. Lincolns' Inn, I 84 Lindridge, II 118, 179, III 221 Lisbon, I 83, 91 Littleton, North and Mid., II 117, 178 South, II 178 London, I 2, 5, 6, 10, 12, 26, 27, 28, 19, 30, 3', 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 43, 44, 53, 63, 65, 66, 70, 71, 73, 79, 80, 81, 85, 86, 89, 93, 95, i°3. '33, '7', 172, II 6, 33, 39, 50, 89, 128, III 195, 266 City of, I 32, 37, 47, 66, 70, 71, 73 Bridge, I 63, 67, 88, 93 City Gates, I 88 Londonderry, I 21 Longdon, II 118, 178, III 220 Lothbury, I 95 Ludley, II 4, 16,35, 43, 55, 113, 114, 176, III 219 Ludlow, I 115, 116, 117, 121, 132, II 89, 168, III 190 Ludlow Castle, I 85, 114 Lybian Sands, I 85 Lyndon, II 115, 163 M Madresfield, Maddersfield, I 128, 13 1, 132, 140, 197, II 118, 180, III 221 Magazine in Cloisters, I 166 Magdalen College, I 41, 61 Maidenhead, I 33 Malaga, I 80 Malvern, I 195, II 118, 119, 144, 177, 181, III 321 Mamble, II 115, 176 Marshalsea, I 73, III 237 Marston Moor, II 169 Martin Hussingtree, II 118, 179, III 219 Martley, II 116, 142, 144, 179, III 259 Mathon, II 118, 181, III 220 Meadow called Pitchcroft, II 122 Mediterranean Sea, I 28 Memphis, I 85 Merioneth, II 51 Messin, Country of, I 78 Mews, The, I 41, 42, 44 Middlesex, I 93, II 10, 50 Milbrook, I 52 Monmouth, II io, 50, 183, 184, III 189, 190 Montgomery, I 29, II 51 Moor, II 115 Moore, III 219 Muscovy, I 92 Newburn, II ai Newbury, II 128, 131 Newcastle, I 6, 7, 9, 17, 133, 14', '47, H 21, 51, 168, III 296 Newcastle, Bishoprick of, I 7 Newgate, I 25, 95 New Guinea, I 78 Newland, II 118 New Park, I 47 Norfield, II 112 Norfolk, I 13, 48, II 10, 50 Norton, II 117, 118, 179, III 318 Northamptonshire, I 4 Northants, II 10, 50 Northfield, II 4, 16, 35, 43, 46, 55, 1 14, 176 North Piddle, II 118, 177, III 319 Northumberland, I 7, 9, II 10, 51 North Wales, II 83 Norwich, I 13, II 50 Nottingham, II 50, 85, 86, 87, III 236 Nunnery of Westwood, III 255, 262, 263 O Oatlands, I 172 Oddingly, II 119, 179, III 218 Offenham, II 117 Old Bailey, I 63, 66, 81 Oldbury, II 142 Old Court, I 5a Oldswinford, II 4, 16, 35, 43, 55, 1 13, 114, 176, III 219 Ombersley, I 196, II 46, 117, 176 Orleton, II 116 Ostend, I 33 Oswaldslow, III 3i8, 219, 221, 227 Hundred of, II 5, 54, 118, 142, III 289 Overbury, II 119, 177, III 220 Over Mitton, II 4, 35, 43, 55, 113, 114, 180, III 221 Oxenford, II 50 Oxford, I 42, 49, 94, 99, 103, 105, 106, 109, 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 127, 128, 132, '34, '36- '37, 140, 141, 142, '43, '45, '47, H8, 153, '56, 157, 159, 160, 161, 164, 165, 169, 171, 177, 182, 185, 186, 187, 194, 195, II 89, 90, 91, 93, 106, 107, 124, 125, 126, 129, 130, 138, 169, 184, 186, III 193, 195, 197, 199, 200, 205, 206, 222, 246, 249, 251, 261, 266, 273, 297 Oxfordshire, I 66 Oxon, II 10 N Nafford, II 118, 177, III 220 Naseby, I 122, III 234 Nassau, I 69 Naunton Beauchamp, II 118, 181, III 220 Netherton, II 177, III 220 Newark, I 106, III 243, 249 Newbold, II 120, 176 Newburgh, I 17 Palace Yard, Westminster, I 37 Paris, I 21,85, 89, 98 Paternoster Row, I 43 Paul's Churchyard, I 80 Paxford, II 130 Pedmore, I 196, II 4, !6, 35, 43, 46, 56, "3. "5, 176, HI 219 Pembroke, II 51 INDEX OF PLACES. 27 Pendock, II 119, 177, III 221 Pensham, II 117, 181, III 220 Peopleton, II n8, 179, III 219 Perry Wood Hill, I 170, 171, 172 Pershore, Parshore, I 2, 31, 100, 127, 165, 196, II 13, 69, 118, 127, 177, III 220, 236 Abbey of, II 5 Hundred of, II 5, 18, 54, 117, 142, III 289 Peterborough, I 20 Piccadilly, I 33 Piddle, III 219 Pinvin, II 118, 179, III 219 Pirton, I 128, II 118, 179, III 219 Pitchcroft, I 119, 120, 126, 130, 155, 167, II 121, 122 Plymouth, I 28, 47 Poden, II 117 Poland, I 30, 77, II 158 Ponte, I 69 Pool, III 220 Poole, II 118, 177 Villa et County de, II 50 Poolehouse, II 65 Ports, The, I 9 Portsmouth, I 63, 66, 89, 90 Portugal, I 28, 63, 69, 76, 83, 85, 88, 89, 90, 9',94 Post Office, I 51 Powick, II 118, 181, III 220 Priory Gate, I 170 Q Queenhill, II 118, 177, III 220 Queen's Court, I 10 Queen's Manors (Charles II.), I 52 Quimborough Castle, I 93 R Radnor, II 51 Rainbow Hill, I 170, 192 Reading, III 260 Redder, II 4 Redditch, II 16, 35, 55, 112, 114, 177 Red Hill, I 100, 108 Cross, I 170 Redmarley, II 115 Dabitot, II 119, 177, III 221 Ribbesford, I 196, II 116 Richmond, I 52 House, I 87 Ripon, I 6, 8 Ripple, II 119, 120, 178, III 218 River (Severn), I 167 Rochester, I 45, 80 Roger's Hill, I 114, 117, 120, 122, 124, 125, 127, 131, 150, 155, 172, 173, 175 Rome, I 58, 70, 71, 84 Rose and Crown, I 137 Rotterdam, I 27 Roundaway Down, II 126 Rous Lench, I 197, II 119, 180, III 219 Rowles Orchard, III 317 Rushcock, III 219 Rushock, I 1, 197, II 4, 16 29, 35, 43, 46, 56, 113, 115, 176 Russia, II 158 Rutland, II 10, 50 Rye, I 41 St. Andrew's, I 103, 104, m Holborn, I 83 St. Clement's, I 133, 134, 167 St. David's, I 64 St. Domingo, I 27 St. Dunstan's in the East, I 81 St. Helen's Church, I 137, 173 St. Jago, I 97 St. James, I 89 Chapel of, III 263 London, I 29, 41 St. John's, Worcester, I 36, 60, 121, 124, 125, 126, 127, 131, 134, 152, 155, 156, 166, 182, 191 St. John in Bedwardine, II 119, 178, III 218. St. Johnston, I 59 St. Margaret's, I 39 St. Martin's, I 103, 104, III, 117, 121, 125, 127, 128 St. Martin le Grand, I 82 St. Mary, Aldermanbury, I 95 Bow Church, I 63 St. Michael, I 103, 105, in, II 119 St. Michael in Bedwardine, II 178, III 218 St. Michael's Church, I 42 St. Nicholas, I 103, m, 170 St. Oswald's, I 102, 129 St. Paul's, 139,80,81, 85 St. Peter's, I 103, 104, in, 128 Salisbury, I 122 Salop, I 29, II 10, 50, 82, 164, 183, 184, III i8g, 190, 191, 192, 196, 199,224,244, 260 Salwarp, I 196, II 4, 16, 35, 43, 55, 113, 114, 176 Sapcott's Great Pit, I I Savoy, I 70 Saxony, I 69 Scotland, I 5, 8, 10, 17, 18, 42, 59, 68, 74, 76, 83, 90, 92, 93, III 271, 295 Sedgberrow, I 195, II 119, 180, III 220 Selby, II 20 Seralone, I 78 Severn, The, I 66, 86, 117, 126, 129, 155, 156, 157, 182, II 108, 126, III 236, 2^0 Severn Stoke, II 118, 180, III 218 Shelsley, I 195, II 116, III 221, 222 Shelsley Beauchamp, II 115 Shipston, II 120 on Stour, II 169 Shipton, II 176 Shrawley, II 115, 178 28 INDEX OF PLACES. Shreeves' Lench, II 177 Shrewsbury, II 135, 168, 176, III 258 Shropshire, I 132, II 164, III 221 Sidbury, I 128, 172, II 119, 179, III 274 Gate, I 172 Smithfield, I 32, 33, 68 Smyrna, I 70 Sned, II 116 Snedgreen, III 217 Somerset, II IO, 50 Somerset House, I 41, 52 Somersetshire, I 86 Somersham, I 52 Southampton, II io, 50 River, I 89 Southwark, I 2, 32, 61, 93 Southwell, I 103 Spain, I 30, 50, 61, 62, 73, 79, 80, 90, 94 Spalding, I 52 Spetchley, I 33, 196, II 119, I7g, III 218 Stafford, II 50, 83, 183, 184, III i8g, igo, 191, 192, 196, I9g, 244, 260 Staffs., II 10, III 190 Stanford, I ig7, II 116 Stanton, II 118 Star Chamber, I 3, 11, 14 Staunton, II 178 Stildon, II 116 Stirling, I 5g Stock, II 119, 181, III 233, 224 Stocke, III 219, 224 Stockholm, I 6g Stockton, II 116 Stoke Prior, II ng, 180, III 219 Stone, II 4, 16, 35, 43, 46, 55, 1 13, 1 14, 180, III 221 Stonley Abbey, II 79 Stony Stratford, I 87 Stoulton, II 118, I7g, III 218 Stourbridge, II 4, 14, 16, 35, 43, 55, 176 Stow, I 5 Stow on the Wold, I gg, 135, III 233, 261 Strand, I 67 Strensham, I 163, 196, II 118, 181, III 220 Strood, I 80 Suckley, II 116, 179 Sudbury, I 2, 29 Suffolk, I 13, II n, 50 Surrey, II 11, 50 Sussex, II n, 50 Sutton Sturmey, II 116 Sweden, I 49, 79, 92 Swedland, I 69 Talbot in Sidbury, III 274 Tangiers, I 79, 92 Tardebigge, Tarbig, Tard, II 4, 16, 35, 42, 46,55, 112, 114, 177 Teen, River, I 6 Teme, III 240 Valley, III 223 Temple Bar, I 37 Tenbury, II 116, 178, III 237 Tewkesbury, I 121, II 123, 139, 143, 151 '57 Thames, I 16, 54 Thames Street, I 39 Threadneedle Street, I 27 Three Nuns in Cheapside, I 43 Throckmorton, II 119, III 220 Tibberton, II 119, 180, III 219 Tidmington, II 120, 176 Tower, I 9, 27,28, 29, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 42, 43, 44, 47, 5°, 53, 54, 59, 6l- 63, 7°. 7' 77, 79, 82, 85, 87, 88, gs, 97. Hill, I 91 of the Gate, I 191 Town Hall, I 137, 152, 173, 179, III 272 Traitor's Gate, I 88 Transylvania, I 53, 80, 92 Tredington, II 120, 176 Tringham, I 52 Trinity, I 125 College, Cambridge, I 83, II 158 Tweed, II 20 Tyber, I 16 Tyburn, I 26, 63, 64, 68, 77, 81, 85, 88, 97 Tyne, II 21 U Ulster, I 25 Upper Mitton, II 16 Upton, III 216, 236, 276, 277 on Severn, I 27, II 127, III 221 Snodbury, II 117, 178, III 219 super Sabrinam, II 119, 177 Township, II 57 Warren, II 4, 16, 36, 43, 46, 55, 113, "4, '73, 177 Utteridge Farms, III 216 Uxbridge, I 133, 153 V Vale of Evesham, II 127 Valenciennes, I 33 Vilna, Castle of, I 84 W Wairdon, II ng Walcot, II 117, 150, 180, III 219 Wales, I 1 1 South, II 11 Wallingford, I 141, 147, 186 Wall's furlong, I 171 Walton, II 57, 58, III 217 Warley, II 16 Warndon, II 180, III 219 Wartley, III 219 Warwick, I 135, II n, 50, 105, III 323, 220, 244 Warwickshire, II 139, 157, I78, HI 189 Welland, II 119, 177, 181, III 221 West Indies, I 27, 31, 97 INDEX OF PLACES. 29 Westminster, I 1,10,11, 24, 28, 31, 32, 33, 37, 38, 39, 40, 45, 49, 64, 65, 69, 71, 73, 73, 74, 82, 93, 95, 96, 146, II 186, III 196, 231, 296 Abbey, I 29, 86, 87, 89 Hall, I 40, 63, 69, 75, 77 Westmoreland, II 11, 51 West Walton, I 52 Westwood, III 255, 262, 263 Wexford, I 3s Wheeler's Hill, I 109, 114, 119, 127, 170 Whitchurch, II 82 Whitechapel, I 81 Whitehall, I 24,41, 44, 45, 51, 54, 58, 62, 64, 65, 66, 70, 71, 72, 79, 83, 87, 89, 93, 94, 98, III 281, 282 Chapel, I 34 Whitehouse Prison, I 2 White Ladies, I 102 White Ladies Aston, II 119, 179, III 218 Whittington, II 119 Wichenford, I 197.II 118, 178, III 218 Wick, II 117, 177 Episcopi, II 11S, 178, III 218 Wickhamford, II 117, 179 Wicklow, I 32 Wick juxta Pershore, III 220 Wilts., II 11, 50 Wiltshire, I 27 Windmill Field, I 117, 119, 127 Hill, I 150, 171, 172 Windsor Castle, I 27 Forest, I 32 Witley, III 218 Witley Parva, II 119, 181 Woborough Hill, III 222 Wollashall, II 117, 181 Wolverhampton, III 235 Wolverley, II 119, 176, III 221, 225 Woodbury Hill, III 221, 222, 241 Woodgreen, I 195 Worcester, I 2, 4, 6, 26, 27, 29, 35, 36, 42, 44, 55, 56, 58, 67, 70, 72, 78, 79, 81, 83, 93, g4, 99> 'oo, '02, 103, 105, 107, 108, log, 113, 115, 116, 126, 132, 141, 146, 152, i55, i57, '63, '71, '75, '86, 188, igo, II n, 12, 13, 50, 69, 84, 93, 96, 97, 105, no, 121, 126, 127, 134, 136, 143, 146, 155, 160, 167, 168, 169, 171, 182, 186, III 206, 207, 230, 231, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 249, 260, 261, 264, 268, 270, 271, 272, 273, 282 296, 297 City of, I 27, 38, 59, 60, 66, 70, 72, 75, ioo, 104, 109, no, 116, 119, 128, 129, 153, 160, 163, 168, 173, 174, 175, 179, 180, 183, 184, 185, 190, 191, 194, 195, II 94, no, 122, 123, 124, 127, 129, 136, 138, 140, 146, 147, 157, 160, 161, 163, 182, 187, III 199, 200, 203, 207, 208, 215, 325, 226, 227, 231, 232, 235, 244, 247, 253, 274, 297 Cathedral, I 59, 70, 88, 94, 132, 191 Church of, I 83 Collegiate Church of, I 78, 167, 172, '75, '92 College at, I 44, 78, 81, 88 Diocese of, II 139, 140 Gaol, I 70, III 279 Magazine at, III 273 County of, I 1, 31, 37, 52, 56, 62, 163, ig3, II 83, g4, gs, 96, 97, 98, 102, no, 135, 137, 138, 161, 165, 166, 168, 174, 183, 185, III 191, 192, ig6, 199, 200, 203, 221, 229, 231, 233, 240, 241, 244, 247, 257, 265, 268, 269, 274, 275, 278, 27g, 280, 296 Worcestershire, I 1, 31, 33, 88, gg, II 5, 7, 9, '2, 19, 49, 62, 103, 134, '57, '67, III 206, 221, 235, 24g, 261, 262, 268 Wordsley, II 176 Worley, II 4, 36, 43, 55, 113, 114 Wychbold, II 4, 16, 36, 43, 55, 114, 181 Wyre, III 2ig Wyre Piddle, II ng, 179 Yardley, II 118, 176, III 218 Yarmouth, I 13 York, I 6, 8, 9, II 11, 20, 50, it Minster at, I 65 Yorkshire, I 53, II 169 Zealand, Lord States of, I 61 ( 3° ) LIST OF DOCUMENTS. " An Act for the speedy provision of Money." Graduated scale of Payment according to Rank, II 31, 32 Form of Notice under same, II 32 An Agreement for raising ^3000 monthly in the County, II g6 Letter from Clerk of the Peace to High Constable, II g7 Directions for Assessment, II 101 Letter from the King to Sir William Russell, II 101 Acquittance, Form of, for Poll Money, II 34 Allegiance, Oath of, I 67 Array, Commission of, King's Instructions, II 63 Petition of Grand Jury thereon, II 65 Warrant to High Constable, II 66 Letters to gentlemen to bring in their horses, II 67 Letter to Secretary of State, II 67 Presentment by Grand Jury, II 67, 68 A Note of the Magazine Powder, II 6g Captains' Names, II 6g Warrant for Search, II 70 Declaration of Gentry, II 70, 77 Letter from Warwickshire, II 72, 74 Worcestershire's reply, II 73 Commissioners to Secretary of State, II 75 Result of Council at Worcester, II 71 King's Order for disarming, II 78 Worcester force to support Warwick, II 79 On declaration of War, II 80 The Answer, II 81 Commissioners' proposals, II 81 Letter from the Court (Rivers), II 82 Commissioners' letter to Several Coun ties, II 82, 83, 84 Reply of Worcestershire, II 84 King's Authority to enrol Volunteers, .1184,85 Sir Thomas Littleton appointed Com mander, II 85, 86 Worcester Citizens petition to the Mayor, II 87 The Mayor's reply, II 88 The Answer of the Commissioners of Array, II 8g King's letter to Sir William Russell, II 90 King's Order as to provisions, II 127 Association of Counties for defensive pur poses — Petition to King to enable Counties to Associate, II 183, 184; Reply, 186 Invitation to Salop, III 189, 190 Order of Sessions, III 190 Petition to King, III 191 Propositions made at Meeting of Lords and Gentlemen, III 192 Commission granted by King, III 195, 196 Proclamation by King regulating sol diers in Associated Counties, III 199 Presentment by Sess:ons to Sir Gilbert Gerrard, Governor of Worcester, III 200 Names of Grand Jurors, III 204 Astley, Lord, Commission from the King, III 243 Secret Instructions to, III 246 Lord Astley's answer to Grand Jury, III 251 Propositions to Grand Jury, III 254 Grand Jury's Answer, III 254 Townshend's Petition to Lord Astley, III 255 Commissioners' Order in Townshend's favour, III 255 Astley's Order on Townshend, III 257 Townshend's Appeal, III 257, and Statement of Reasons, III 258 Lord Astley's Order of Protection for Mrs. Dobbins, III 260 Order to Captain William Sandys, Governor of Hartlebury Castle, III 261 Auditor's Certificate, Sir William Russell's Accounts, II 137 Bond for ^1000 given by High Collector to the King, II 26 Cavaliers, Oxonian, Parody of Petition to House of Commons, III 291 list of documents. 3» Certificate by Clerk of Peace on Articles by Prince Maurice, III 215 Certificates — Francis Finch of Rushock, for goods, II 29 Landowners' Certificate, II 29 Certificate of Payment, II 30 Commissioners' Certificates, II 33 " Charles R.," Order to deliver up Towns, etc., I 147 Commissioners in ^400,000 granted by Parliament — Letter to Lord Chief Baron, III 269 Reply to Order for Report, III 271 Commission by King to Jacob Lord Astley, III 243. Commission of Array, see Array Commission of King for defence of the County, II 108 Presentment by Grand Jury, II no Commission of the Peace at Restoration of Charles the Second, III 276 Commissioners of Militia to Constable of Elmley Lovett, III 272 to Baptist Harris for return of Horse, III 273 General Order, III 274 Commissioners' Charges against Sir Wil liam Russell, II 131 Commissioners for County of Salop — Form of Oath to Assessors, II 164 Instructions to Commissioners, II 164 Scale of Payments for provisions, II 164 Commissioners' Order as to Henry Towns hend's Contribution, III 255 Ditto as to the Dobbins' estate, III 257 Constable of Elmley Lovett, Precept to raise a Voluntary Aid, II 93 Ditto Monthly Contribution of ^3000, II 98 Correspondence between Brereton and Washington as to Surrender of City, I IOO, 101, 102, 194 between Fairfax and Washington, I 107, 108 between Whalley and Washington, I 109, no, m, 115, 117, 118, 119, 120, 126, 136, 137, 140, 141, 143, 148, 151, '52, 154, '55, 156 between Raynsborough and Wash ington, I 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 194 ... Cromwell's Letter summoning Parliament, 1653, I 23 Document showing misery and desolation caused by War, III 23g Duels, Proclamation against, I 58 Election Squib, III 292 Elmley Lovett, Assessment of Subsidies, II 25,4i Precept for Voluntary Aid, II 93 Order to raise ^,"3000, II 98 Reduction of Number of Assessors for Parish, II 187 Fortifications of Worcester, Order to work on, by Prince Maurice, III 236 Gaol, Chaplain on Number of Articles to be observed, III 290 Grand Jury, Names of Gentlemen at first Assizes after the Restoration, III 277 Petition of, against Commissioners of Array, II 65 Grand Committee for Religion, Question expounded, I 55 Grievances of Subjects, I 2, 3 of Scottish League, I 7 Gunpowder, King's Order for Making, II 106 H Hartlebury Garrison, Names of Gentlemen there at time of Surrender, I 196 Order to Governor of, III 261 Rector of, Order by House of Lords respecting, III 278 Warrant of Detention of " two threshers, III 278 High Constable of Oswaldslow, Warrant to, by Prince Maurice, III 225 Horses, King's order to supply, II 107 House of Commons, Parody of Petition to, by Oxonian Cavaliers, III 291 Houses of Parliament, Questions in Latin on Royal Prerogative, III 293 D Justices of Peace at Restoration of Charles the Second, III 276 Declaration by Inhabitants of North West part of County, III 221, 222 Declaration from the Protector, I 30 Document freeing Henry Townshend from Contributions, III 240 K King, The, Proclamation by, Food for Army, II 170 32 LIST OF DOCUMENTS. King, Congratulations to, on Restoration by County, III 274, 275 King's Letter (Charles I.) to Lords at Wor cester, I 146 to Speaker of House of Peers, I 147 King's Plate, Proclamation concerning, I 58 Landowner's Certificate, II 29 Letter to Edward Sheldon for raising ,£3°°°, II 97 Litany, A, I 129 Lords Lieutenant, List of, II 10 Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, Instances of Treason, etc., I 77 M Maurice, Prince, Orders issued by — For safeguarding of County, III 206 Order on City to provide food, III 215, 296 Warrant for Provisions for Army, III 225 Order for teams and carriages, III 226. Report of Meeting at Guildhall, Wor cester, III 235 Order to Work on Fortifications, III 236 Order for Regulating Governors and others, III 237 New set of Orders for the County, III 206 Certificate by Clerk of Peace on, III 215 Daily provision for diet, III 215, 296 Protestation by, III 230, 231 Mayor, Aldermen and Common Council summoned to Surrender City, I 109, 114, "5 The Answer, I no, 114, 117, 120, 126 Reply to Answer, I no, 118 Again summoned, I 136 Answer, I 136 Reply to Answer, I 140 Militia, Commissioners of — Order to Baptist Harris to return horse, III 273 General Order as to horses and arms, III 274 Milton's Book, Proclamation against, I 58. Mucklow, Major, Appointment as Muster Master, I 56 Muster Master, Appointment of Hy. Towns hend, III 205 Appointment of Major Mucklow, I 56 N Notice Convening Meeting as to Removal of Grievances, II 93, 182 O Oath administered by Waller to people of Hereford, III 296 of Allegiance, I 67 Oath agreed upon between Governor and Mayor and Citizens, III 266 exhibited to Assessors of Monthly Contribution, Salop, II 164 Officers' pay, II 125, 126 Order by King as to Collecting Money, II 125 by Lords as to Tithes, etc., of seques tered livings ,1 52 by Prince Rupert to raise the County's Contribution to ^4000 a Month II 160 by the Governor as to limitation of number of Soldiers, II 171 Orders by Prince Maurice, see Maurice Order by Governor authorising appointed persons to treat for Surrender of City, I 153 .from the Governor and Commissioners respecting Soldiers' Pay, I 1 18 of Charles the First for Surrender of Towns, I 147 to Governor of Hartlebury Castle, III 261 Oxonian Cavaliers, Parody of Petition to Parliament, III 291 Pakington, Sir John, State of Cause Crutch Farm Contributions, III 262, 264, 265 Parliamentary Committee at Surrender of Worcester, Names of, I 197 Pass, Form of, I 192, III 266 Pay, King's Order as to payment of Troops, II 104 Petition from Mayor and Aldermen of Norwich against Innovations, I 12, 13 against Dr. Cosins, I 12 to King as to associating of Counties, II 183, III igi to Parliament from County as to Grievances, II 94, 184, III 297 Poll Money, II 31, 32 Preliminary Notice, II 32 Warrant to Collectors, II 33 Commissioners' Certificates, II 33 Form of Acquittance, II 34 Assessment, II 35 Petition to House of Commons by Henry Townshend and Philip Brace, II 36 Certificate for Payment, II 38 Prayer for Peace, II 92 Precept to raise Voluntary Aid, II 93 Proclamation by King as to Victuals for Army, II 170 LIST OF DOCUMENTS. 33 Proclamation concerning Vagabonds, I 73 for release of Quakers, I 73 Prophecy, A, of Griternus, II 158 Protector, Declaration by, I 30 Protestation, A Royalist, III 231 Purveyance, Abolition of — Letter to Justices, III 280, 281 Answer by Justices, III 282 Receipts for, III 279 Stock and Bradley, Order to Constables of, III 223, 224 Subsidies, Contributors to, II 4' Warrant for Gathering, II I Levying, II 23 Subsidies gathered by Robert Kimberly of Bromsgrove, II 3 of Halfshire Hundred, II 42 of Elmley Lovett, II 41, 42 of England and Wales, II 49 0 Quakers, Proclamation for release, I 73 Letter from King, I 93 R Receipt for Ship Money, II 9 Receipts for Purveyance, III 279 Recusants, Order of Parliament concern ing, II 21, 22 Royal Prerogatives, Questions in Latin on, III 292, 2g3 Rupert, Prince — Order raising County's Contribution, II 160 Order thereon, II 165 Petition to, by Hy. Townshend, II 167 Order thereon, II 168 Russell Papers, Receipt for Ship Money therein, II 9 Russell, Sir William- Commissioners' Charges against, II '3' Russell's Charges by way of recrimina tion, II 133 Auditors' Certificate, II 137 King's letter Ordering Examination of Accounts, II 137 Sir William Russell's Accounts, II 138, 139, '40, 14' Certificate by Investigators, II 141 Commissioners' exceptions to Ac counts, II 142 Items to which exception was taken II 148 Scottish League, Grievances, I 7 Sheriff, An Abstract of Powers and Duties, III 284 Sheriff's Entertainments, Resolution of House of Commons, II 40 Soldiers, Limitation of Number in County — Order by Sir Gilbert Gerard and others, II 171 Grand Jury's Proposals, II 174 Townshend, Henry — Appointed Muster Master, III 205, 228 Genealogical evidence of Family, III 298 Order of Commissioners as to Contri butions, III 225 Order as to Dobbyns' Money, III 257 Petition to Lord Astley, III 257 Case of Crutch Farm, III 262, 264, C65 Certificate by Prince Maurice assign ing house for Commissioners, III 234 V Verses on the Result of the War, III 267 W War, Declaration of, 1642, II 80 Letter from the King to Commis sioners of Array, II 80 Correspondence thereon, II 81, 82, 84 Warrant for gathering two Subsidies, II 1 for Levying Subsidies, II 23 for levying ^1,200, II 14 for payment of Ship Money, II 7 for Suppressing Unlawful Assemblies II 121, 122 to Constable of Elmley Lovett to pro vide Hay, etc., II 122 for Arrears of Contributions, III 238 for Assistance for quartering Sir Thomas Aston's Regiment, II 103 proportioning of Rate for the Hun dred of Halfshire, II 15, 28 to raise 600 men, II 12 to the Collectors of the Poll Monev, II 33 Worcester Assizes, First after the Restora tion, III 277 Articles of Agreement for Surrender, I 160, 190 34 LIST OF DOCUMENTS. Worcester, Return of Number of House holders, I 104 County of, Petition to King and Par liament on Church Government, II 44,45 Worcestershire, Sir Edward Littleton's letter to, II 44 Worcestershire — Warrant for the Taxing and raising of £5,802 10s. 6d., II 52 Form of Warrant of the Assessors, II Apportionment to different parishes, II 54 Worcestershire (continued) — Form of Warrant to Sub-Collectors, II Assessment upon Parish of Elmley Lovett, II 57 Form of Bond for Collector, II 5g Warrant from Justices, II 60 Notification to Lord Mayor of London, II 61 Distringas Moved in Court of Ex chequer, III 269 Townshend's Certificate thereon, III 269 Further Order thereon, III 371 ( 35 ) INCIDENTS. A.— INCIDENTS IN THE SIEGE OF WORCESTER. (Arranged Chronologically from Vol. I.) The Siege of Worcester, 1646, I 99 Position of Charles the First, 99 Strength of Garrison, 99, ioo, ill, 112, 113 Arrival of Brereton, Morgan and Birch, 100 City summoned to surrender — by Brereton, ioo, 194 Correspondence thereon, 101, 102 by Fairfax, 107 Governor's reply, 108 by Whalley, 109, 194 Correspondence thereon, no, in, 115, 117, 118, 119, 120, 126, 136, '37, '4°, 141, 143. '48, 151, '52, '54, '55, 156 by Raynsborough, 175, 194 Correspondence thereon, 176, 177, 178, 179 Number of Householders and Return of Provisions, 104, 105 St. Oswald's Hospital demolished, 102 Siege began, 109, 113 Investment of City complete, 124 Pickerings on Pitchcroft, 120 Desertions, 119 Burial of an Officer, 122 Discussions by Dr. Warmstrey and Mr. Baxter, 122, 123 Bombardment commenced, 124, 127 Sally by Sir William Bridge, 124 Sir Rowland Berkeley's House struck in Corn Market, 126 Enemy's Bridge of Boats finished, 126, '3°, «57 " Wicked Will's" escapades, 126, 167 Present of Buck to Governor by Enemy, 128 Citizens' Wives interview Governor, 128 Stealing and Plundering by Royalist Troops, 128, 129 Litany against plundering soldiers, 129 Governor's servant taken, 129, 131 She Messenger sent to the King, 131 Difficulty with Bakers, 131 Smith the Baker switched, 133 Burning of Cow, 140 Walls camouflaged, 133, 134 Commissioners for Service of King named, 138 Magazine of Provisions surveyed, 139, 140 Treaters with Enemy appointed, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148 Meeting of Treaters, 152, 153, 157 Discussion as to terms of Surrender, '53, '54, 155, 156 Cessation of Arms, 149 Washington's Indignation, 151, 155, 165, 166 Discovery of Powder, 156 City Mottoes exhibited, 156 Propositions for Surrender, 157, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 179, 180, 184 City's Present to Governor, 160 Design to take Col. Betsworth, 164 Exchange of Courtesies between Opposing Officers, 165 Cloister Window broken, 166 Council of War called by Governor, 168 Rates of Provisions, 169 Whalley superseded, 169 Raynsborough assumes command of Par liamentary Troops, 170 Col. Raynsborough's Civil letter to the Governor, 170 Flight over sea of Princes Rupert Maurice, 171, 172 Exchange of Prisoners, 172, 173 Town Hall struck, 173 Castle Hill fortified, 174 Worcester's Vicissitudes, 174, 175, ig4 Chamber Meeting, 175 Meeting at Town Hall to discuss Terms of Surrender, 179 Terms of Surrender considered, 180, 181, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190 and '93, 36 INDEX OF MONEY MATTERS. Conditions respecting Sir William Russell, 185, 188, 189 Meeting of Weavers, 189 Preamble of Articles of Agreement for Surrender of City, 190 Articles of Surrender signed, 190 Organs removed from Cathedral, 191 City delivered to Col. Raynsborough, 191 Governor marches out of City, 192 Text of Pass for Garrison, 192, 193 Major-General Raynsborough marches into City, 193 Col. Raynsborough made Governor, 193 Names of Gentlemen in Garrison at Surrender, 195, 196 Names of Parliamentary Committee taking over the City, 197 B.— MONEY MATTERS. Ship Money, I 1, 2, 3, 4, 12, 14, 15, 19, 21, 22, II 5, 6, 7, 9, 21, III 296 First levy, £104,252, II 6 Second levy, £208,900, II 6 Third levy, II 7 Damned, I 19 Act for raising £400,000, II 49 .£40,000, I 62 £70,000 for the King's use, I 62 Allowance Weekly for Lord Astley's Table and Stable, III 246 Allowance for Soldier, I 2 Army, £ 1,200 raised for Equipment, II 14 Maintenance £40,000 a month, I 8 Arrears, General Massey's, I 46 of Prize goods, I 52 of Contribution used to pay public debts, I 163 Assessment of Citizens for defence, I 175 of Hundred of Halfshire, II 3 differences in, II 5 Elmley Lovett, II 25, 159, 163, III 216 Worcestershire, II 50, 51, 52, 53 Bill passed for raising £70,000 per month, I 45 Bond of High Collector to pay £1,000 to King, II 26 Charges of each Hundred under the Commonwealth, III 289 Citizens refuse to lend King .£60,000, I 21 City taxed for support of Soldiers, I 108 Contribution six months at £60,000 per month, I 33 Continuation of, III 206 Collected by Parliament at Evesham III 238 Warrant for levying, III 238 Contributions in arrear, II 132, 135, III 230, 231 Cost of food for Troops, III 226 Cost of Diet of Prince Maurice, III 296 County Contribution monthly £3,000 for Forces, II 95 raised to £4,000, II no, 112, 160 Prince Rupert's Order, II 160 County Contribution Apportionment, II 1 12 to 120 In arrear, II 135 Dutch Ships lost value £500,000, I 65 Gift by Convention to King and Dukes of York and Gloucester, I 42 to King from Hollanders, I 42, 44 to Dukes of York and Gloucester, I 39,6i for Church of Worcester, I 83 to Sir John Brown, I 93 of Russian Ambassador, £100,000, 1 95. to King's Secretary, I 94 King hath £30,000 per annum, I 3 King's Orders as to Contribution and pay of Officers and Soldiers, III 244 Loan to King by City of London of £200,000, I 6 Maurice, Prince, Order to raise £3,000, III 235 Money, Charles I. urgent need of, II 1, 19 Raised by Government, II 2 King requires more, II no raised to equip Army, II 14 for special expenses, II 103 for quartering of Sir Thomas Ashton's Regiment, II 103 for Soldiers' pay, II 104, 105 Royalists need of, II 131 lost in arrear by neglect, II 132 Arrear of County Contributions, II 135 difficulties of raising, II 158 Assessment of Hundred of Halfshire, II 3 Wanted by Scots for War, II 28 Contributions in Arrear, III 229, 230 Declaration by Prince Maurice, III 231 Order of Prince Maurice to Worcester to raise £3,000, III 235 INDEX OF GENERAL INCIDENTS. 37 Parliament borrow £100,000 from City, I 37 Grant of £10,000 to Lady Henrietta, I 64 Power voted to King to raise £70,000 monthly, I 74 Pay, monthly, of £600,000, I 29 Military Officers', II 125, 126 Payment of £3,000 defence of County, II 95 by Officers and Soldiers, III 207, 208 Poll Money, I 41, 59, 62, II 24 Poll Tax, II 31 Graduated Scale, II 31, 32 Warrant to Collectors, II 33 Commissioners' Certificate, II 33 Receipt for, II 34 Assessment, Hundred of Halfshire, II 35. Comparison with Subsidy, II 36 Complaint by Townshend and Brace, II 38 Subsidies, I 15, II 1, III 268 Warrant for gathering, II 1, 2 Bill passed for levying, II 22 Warrant for, II 23 Assessment of Elmley Lovett, II 25 Assessment of Landowners, II 30, 31 Subsidies, Fresh levies, II 41, 49 Apportionment, II 49, 50, 51 Assessment, Hundred of Halfshire, II 54, 55, 56 Form of Warrant, II 56 Apportionment for individuals, II 57, 58,59 Raising of £400,000 authorised, III 268, 269 Taxation, local, II 15 Warrant for, II 15 Apportionment, II 16 of Church of England and Roman Catholics, II 42 Vote of House of Commons for raising £1,200,000 for King's use, I 82 Warrants to gather £1,200 from County, I 1 Worcester, £7,000 required from, II 128, 129, 130, 131 Monthly Contribution, £3,000, II 95, 96 Elmley Lovett's share, II 99 Assessment to Individuals, II 99, 100 Directions for Assessment, II 101 C— INCIDENTS, GENERAL. Act of Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion, I 60 Act, reputed, Treason, I 26 Acts passed (Parliamentary), I 25 Aid, Can the King compel ? I 14 Aid for Scottish Wars, I 2 " Altare Christianum," burning of, I 22 Ambassadors of France and Spain fight, I 79 Anabaptists' Church demolished, I 36 Anabaptists released, I 70 Anagram of Protector, I 62 Arms sent to Scotland, I 15 taken from owners, I 15 Articles agreed to by Protector, I 26 Assembly to be called a Parliament, I 25 Astley, Surrender of, I 99 Bailing a Man, I 15 Banbury Surrendered, I 105 Baptisms on Sundays, I 13 Battle of Worcester, 1651, III 372 Baxter's "Saints' Rest" written, II 13 Bears, Killing of, I 32 Benevolences, Damned, I 14 Bill of Indemnity, I 55 Births, Extraordinary, I 62 Bishop of Worcester, Enthronement of, I 78 Bishops to have no voice in Upper House in case of trial, I 19 Bishop's tyranny, I 16 Black Book carried to King (Charles II.), I 41 Blake, General, Sailed to Mediterranean ,1 28 Bordeaux, City of, Surrendered, I 25 Bradshaw, body exhumed and hanged, I 64, 68 Burgesses Chosen for Parliament, I 27 Canterbury, Lord B., Committed to Black Rod, I 19 Carp and other fish put in Cherry Orchard Pool, I 1 Catechising, I 13 Cathedral Church of Worcester, Reopened for Service, I 59 First quire service, I 70 Organs removed, I 191 Chaplains in houses, I 13 Charles the First, Surrender to Scots, I 103, 106 Massacre of, I 26, 36 Charles the Second, Arms set up, I 36 Proclaimed, I 37, 38, 39, 42 Landed at Dover, I 43 Entrance in London, I 44 Swim in Thames, I 54 38 INDEX OF GENERAL INCIDENTS. Charles the Second, Coronation, I 71 Touching for King's Evil, I 53, 55, 87 Libel on, I 71, 75 Washed feet of poor men, I 87 Marriage, I 90 Birthday Celebration, I 92 Restoration, III 274, 275, 280 Church discipline, I 15 Church, paralleling between English and Roman, I 16 Churchyard to be kept clean, I 13 Communicants in Yarmouth, I 13 Communion Table, Innovation of remov ing, I 14 No tavern pots to be set thereon, I '3 Railed, I 13 Confession, kneeling at, I 13 Conformables Ministers disfrocked, I 13 Contumacions, I 13 Conversion of Paul and Barnabas to be kept, I 13 Corbett, Ursula, Burnt for poisoning hus band, I 70 Council at York, I 6 of State, I 25 Court of Chancery, I 25 Covenant to be burnt, I 74 Cromwell, Made Protector, I 26 Proclaimed at Worcester, I 26 Dissolved New Representatives, I 25 Effigy burnt, I 45 Body exhumed and hanged at Tyburn, I 64, 68 Gifts to, I 26 Damned Benevolences, I 14 Loans, I 14 Day of Humiliation, I 24, 25, 32, 35 of Thanksgiving, I 25, 33, 38, 42, 48, 52,60 Dean of Worcester Installed, I 81 Dudley, Surrender of, I 132 Duels, Proclamation against, I 58 Dutch Ships cast away, I 65 Ecclesiastical Affairs, I 64 Election of Burgesses, I 70 Elections, Interference by Peers, I 14 Reformation of, I 14 Enemy's railing language, I 125 Executions, I 63, 67 Exhumation of bodies of Cromwell and others, I 64, 68 Family, Extraordinary, I 62 Fast proclaimed, I 10 Fast Day kept, I 24, 25, 33, 67 Fee Farm Rent of Oxford presented to King, I 49 Fight between English and Dutch Fleets, I 35 Fight between English and Spanish Fleets, I 33 Fight between French and Spanish Am bassadors, I 79 Fleets, Action between English and Dutch, I 24, 25 France, Peace with, proclaimed, I 30 Gaming houses suppressed, I 31 Guildhall, Great Festival at, I 53 Hackney Coaches, Proclamation against, I 64 . Hague, King's departure from, I 43 Hartlebury Castle Summoned to Surrender, I 106 Delivered up, I 107, 132 Names of Gentlemen in Garrison, I 196 Hat in Church, no man to wear, I 13 Horse Races, Ordinance against, I 27. House (of Commons) Order as to Vote, I '5 Indemnity, Bill of, I 55, 60 Insurrection, London, I 66 Wiltshire Cavaliers, I 27 Ireland, Lord Lieutenant of, Treasons, I '7 Rebels executed, I 25 Ireton, Body exhumed and hanged, I 64, 68 Irish in Arms, I 21 Rebellion, II 44 to attend Church, I 32 Jews, Application to live and trade, I 30 Jubilee, Year of, I 70, 71 Judges, Rule for, I 14 Justices of Peace, Clergy may not be, I 14 King, Benevolence granted to, I 15 Declaration to Vindicate himself, I 95 Cannot lay imposition, I 14 King's Answer concerning a reference from Parliament, I 21 King's Evil, touching for, I 53, 55, 87 Knighthood, Fee for, I 76 Knights of Shire, Chosen for Parliament, I 27 Lambert, Col., Captured, I 35 attempt to escape, I 36 Lampreys, Scarcity of, I 86 Lecturer to read Service, I 13 Leicestershire, Deputy Lieutenant of, Com mitted, I 19 Lent, Proclamation for restraint, I 68 Litany to be read, I 13 Loans Damned, I 14 London, gifts to Cromwell, I 26 Lord Mayor knighted, I 26 Lord Keeper committed, I 19 fled over Sea, I 20 Lords, Conference with, I 4 Ludlow Castle surrendered, I 114, 115 Madresfield surrendered, I 132 Magna Charta confirmed, I n Maids transported, I 32 Market in Paul's Churchyard, I 80 INDEX OF GENERAL INCIDENTS. 39 Marriage of Charles and Katharine, I 90 of Townshend and Dorothy Dobbyns, III 297 Meeting of Royalists and Parliamentarians at Burial of Officer, I 122 Milton's Books burnt, I 50 Mountmorris, Lord, Judgment of death, I 17 Oblivion, Act of, Preserved by King, I 77 Ordinance for ejecting Members, I 28 Oxford, Fee Farm Rent presented to King, I 49 Oxford, Investment of, I 105 Conditions of Surrender, I 182 Parliament dissolved (1640), I 2, 4, 11, 15, 27 opened, I 6, 9, 28, 33 Message to Queen, I io passages of, I 10, n, 12, 13, 14, 15 debate about canons, I 20 Triennial, I 21, 22 dissolved by Cromwell, I 23, 25 Summoned by Cromwell, I 23, 24 resolution by assembly, I 25 Committees of, I 25 and Clergy, I 22 of Ireland, I 10 Peace proclaimed with France, I 30 Petition against Bishops and abuses, I 18 Petitions against Tithes, &c, I 25 Plague at Constantinople, I 80 Popish Books taken, I 13 Proclamation of Charles II., I 37, 38, 39, 42 Protector Proclaimed, I 26 Rode in State, I 26 Feasted, Gifts, &c, I 26 Puritans reinstated, I 10 feasting of, I 10 Quakers and Anabaptists released, I 70 Rebels in Ireland executed, I 25 Proclamations against, I 46 Recognition, The, I 28 Regicides, execution of, I 88 exhumation of bodies, I 64, 68 Remonstrance, Death in defence of, I 76 Restoration, The King's, III 274, 275, 280 River, Witch ducked in, I 40, 41 Robbery with Violence, I 31, 32 Rogation Week, I 13 Russian Ambassador's Servant, Execution of, I 96 Sacrament, Christ present in, I 13 St. John's Church, Worcester, " New beautified," I 36 St. Oswald's Hospital demolished, I 102 Saints, pictures of, sold, I 13 "Saints' Rest," Baxter's, II 13 Sally in St. John's, I 124. Scotch Ministers preach against Bishops, I 19 Scotland, Peace with, I 10 Scottish Covenant, Death in defence of, I 76 Records, I 68 Wars, I 1 , 2 Sermon, I 13 Ship, Submarine devised, I 27 Soldiers' pay and training, I 2 Solemn League and Covenant ordered to be burnt, I 76 Spain, War with, proclaimed, I 30 Star Chamber, I 1 1 State Arms taken down, I 36 Storm, I 86 Stranger not to preach without leave, I '.3 Swine house tyled, I 1 Thanksgiving, Day of, I 25, 33, 38, 42, 48, 52, 60 Thief executed, I 32 Tides, Ominous, I 26, 64 Titles of Honour Conferred, I 50 Townshend, Marriage with Dorothy Dob byns, III 297 Seised of £103, I 31 Transportation of 500 maids, I 32 of loose persons, 131 Treason Act, reputed, I 26 Turkish Invasion, I 71 Uniformity, Act for, I 93 Universities, Condition, I 16 Vermin, Swarm of, I 15 War, Outbreak of, II 62 with Spain, I 30, 32 Warwickshire, Sheriff Committed to Tower, I 19 Wasps, Nests of, I 15 West Indies, Disaster to Navy, I 27 Wines sold by proclamation, I 86 Witch ducked in river, I 40, 41 Witches (4) brought to gaol, I 40 burnt at Edinburgh, I 74 Women to be Churched in Veils, I 13 Worcester, Attack by Waller, II 123 Women help to defend, II 123 Battle of (1651), III 272 City occupied, II 89 Siege of (1643), II 123 Siege of (1646), I 99 Rejoicings at King's Accession, I 36 Bishop of, Enthroned, I 78 Dean of, Installed, I 81 Sir Thomas Essex, Governor, II 90 " Worcestershire Agreement," III 277 Worcester, County of, Congratulation to King on Restoration, III 274, 375 MITCHELL HUGHES AND CLARKE, II & 13 BREAM'S BUILDINGS, CHANCERY LANE LONDON, E.C. DIARY OF HENRY TOWNSHEND OF ELMLEY LOVETT, 1640—1663. EDITED FOR THE WORCESTERSHIRE' HISTORICAL SOCIETY BY J. W. WILLIS BUND. Printed for tfje aUKorcestersfjire historical Soctetg, Br MITCHELL HUGHES AND CLARKE, LONDON, W. 1915. DIARY OF HENRY TOWNSHEND. DIARY OF HENRY TOWNSHEND * i i OF ELMLEY LOVETT. 1640—1663. EDITED FOR THE WORCESTERSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY BY J. W. WILLIS BUND. $rinteo for tlje OTtorcestersljirc historical Society, Bv MITCHELL HUGHES AND CLARKE, LONDON, W. 1915. PREFACE. TTENRY TOWNSHEND of Elmley Lovett, a Magistrate for Worcestershire, kept an Account of current events from 1640 — 1663. This account gives in detail a large number of the public orders and notices affecting the County, especially his own parish of Elmley Lovett, and also a fragmentary diary. The first part of the Diary includes ten months, April 1640 to February 1641 ; the second nearly four years of the Common wealth, April 1653 to January 1657 ; the third part the Restora tion, April 1660 to April 1663 ; and the last and most important, an account of the Siege of Worcester in 1646. Townshend was in Worcester during the whole time of the siege, and his narra tive is a most interesting record of that struggle. It is the only full account that has come down to us, and so far has not been published in full. Nash, in the Appendix to his History, gave a condensed account, but like most abbreviations it left out a large number of most interesting local details. This part of the manuscript is here published in full. This has only been possible by the generosity of Mr. Dyson Perrins. After passing through several hands, the MS. became the property of the late Sir Thomas Phillips, and was included in one of the periodical sales of his manuscripts. There was a well-grounded fear that this manuscript might be bought by some American collector and so lost to the county. The Worcestershire Historical Society brought the matter to Mr. Dyson Perrins' notice, and he at once purchased the MS. and placed it at the disposal of the Society for publication, The thanks, not merely of the Society but of VI PREFACE. the whole county, are due to him for enabling so important a source of Worcestershire History being made generally available. The Diaries are published verbatim from the MS., with out any alteration or notes except in the account of the siege. Here it was necessary to incorporate into the account some documents that are given in other parts of the MS., and also to add some short statements to shew the bearing of the different entries on the siege. It is hoped to publish the remainder of the MS. in next year's publications of the Society, and to give with it an Intro duction shewing the bearing of the different documents on the history of the county during the Civil War. They cast con siderable light on various matters during that time, and will shew that the part Worcestershire took in that struggle was not the least important of any county in the kingdom. Shire Hall, Worcester. December, 1 9 1 5 . CONTENTS. DIARY. Part I. 29 April 1640 to 24 February 1641 - - - 1 — 22 PAGE. Part II. 20 April 1653 to January 1657 - - 23 — 34 Part III. 25 April 1660 to 8 April 1663 - 35 — 98 Part IV. Siege of Worcester. 26 March 1646 t® 26 July 1646 - 99 — 197 DIARY OF HENRY TOWNSHEND OF ELMLEY LOVETT. 1640—1663. PART II. 1640—1644. EDITED FOR THE WORCESTERSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY BY J. W- WILLIS BUND. f rinteo for tfje Worcestershire historical Soctetg, By MITCHELL HUGHES AND CLARKE, LONDON, W. 1916. DIARY OF HENRY TOWNSHEND OF ELMLEY LOVETT. 1640—1663. PART II. 1640-1644. EDITED FOR THE WORCESTERSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY BY J. W. WILLIS BUND. printeu for the Worcestershire historical Societg, By MITCHELL HUGHES AND CLARKE, LONDON, W. 1916. NOTE. /TPHE present Part gives all the documents in the Diary in their order of date for the years 1640, 1641, 1642, 1643, 1644. This forms the bulk of the MS. The next and concluding Part will give the remainder of the Diary, with an Introduction describing the bearing of the different documents on the County history during the Civil War, and also an Index. VOLUME II. CONTENTS. Chapter I. PAGE. Before 164© Chapter II. I II 1640 - Chapter III. 12 — 27 1641 - Chapter IV. 28—48 1642 - Chapter V. 49— 9 1 1643 - Chapter VI. - 92—157 1644 - - - 158—188 DIARY OF HENRY TOWNSHEND OF ELMLEY LOVETT. 1640—1663. PART III. 1645—1663. EDITED FOR THE WORCESTERSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY BY J. W. WILLIS BUND. irinteo for the Worcestershire historical Soctetg, By MrTCHELL HUGHES AND CLARKE, LONDON, W. i-9 1 7- DIARY OF HENRY TOWNSHEND »l i OF ELMLEY LOVETT. 1640—1663. PART III. 1645—1663. EDITED FOR THE WORCESTERSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY BY J. W. WILLIS BUND. $rtnte& for the Worcestershire historical Soctetg, By MITCHELL HUGHES AND CLARKE, LONDON, W. NOTE. HPHE next and concluding Part will give an Introduction describing the bearing of the different documents printed in the Diary on the County history during the Civil War, with a full Index to all the parts. VOLUME III. CONTENTS. 1645 1646 Chapter IX. 1646— 1660 - 268—282 Chapter X. Miscellaneous Matters - - 283 298 Chapter VII. PAGE — _ I89—248 Chapter VIII. - - - 249 267 DIARY OF HENRY TOWNSHEND OF ELMLEY LOVETT. 1640—1663. PART IV. INTRODUCTION, WITH INDEX AND INDICES TO DIARY. EDITED FOR THE" WORCESTERSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY BY J. W. WILLIS BUND. Primeb for the Worcestershire historical Societg, By MITCHELL HUGHES AND CLARKE, LONDON, E.C. 4 1920. PZ£5 1 1900 2006 S