1 1 ' 'i' ' 1,1 1 I 1S'J)Tj'ii'' 'J -•9 T ~. J— C Jl;: -Si% i:^-3--' "I give ihtft JJaoAi \for tie founding of a- College- ai this Cebmy' " Y^ILIl«¥JMII¥E]mS2ir¥" Presented by the Author OTHER BOOKS By Dr. Willard Rouse Jillson GEOLOGY Oil and Gaa ReBourcea of Kentucky, 1919. Geology and Coals of Stinking Creek, 1919. Contributions to Kentucky Geology, 1920. Economic Papers on Kentucky Geology, 1921. Production of Eastern Kentucky Crude Oils, 1921, Conservation of Natural Gas in Kentucky, 1921. VERSE Songs and Satires, 1920. EDWIN P.MORROW — Kentuckian ^u^ {/^ /kuyi^'i:^^-^ EDWIN P. MORROW —Kentuckian A Contemporaneous Biographical Sketch BY Willard Rouse Jillson 111 ILLUSTRATED FIRST edition Published try C.T. DEARING PRINTING COMPANY LOUISVILLE Copyright, 1921, by WilUrd Rouse Jillson. AU rights reserved. To Every Loyal Kentucldan who regards the moral earnestness of his fellow man as the only stepping-stone to a great future for the Commonwealth This Litttle Book is Dedicated. Author's Preface. Leadership has always been knighted by diffi culty. The worst of times brings out the best in men, and by this means bridges eatastrophies. The close of the World War precipitated widespread economic and social crises throughout our several State domin ions. Kentuekj', like her sister Commonwealths, rest less, discontented, yet hopeful, has struggled through these times, not without many indications of her dis comfiture. One of the most obvious signs of the inter nal pains of this State was the great political re versal of 1919, which unseated a strongly entrenched and numerically superior Democratic party in favor of what had generally been considered for years, a small group of hopeful — yet hopeless — Republicans. The most conspicuous result of this reversal of popular opinion was the election of Edwin P. Mor row as Governor of Kentucky by the greatest major ity of recent years. While the partisan Republican at once claimed this victory somewhat boastfully and arrogantly, it has been all too plain that Morrow was quite as much the Democratic choice, since it was the mass of some twenty odd thousand Democrats, 7 PREFACE who, accepting his offer of leadership, voted for him and made' his election and that of Hs tieke^'^^possible. The victory, therefore, belongs to the people of Ken tucky rather than to either party exclusively ; and in this light Edwin P. Morrow, the popular choice of the combined suffrage of this State, is a Kentuckian of Kentuekians. As such his personality, character, and executive policies assume a new importance and in terest for all. During the revision of the last page proofs of this little book, the thought has come to my mind that some may thoughtlessly accuse me of planning a de liberate appreciation of Governor Morrow and his party. This is not so, and nothing could be more contrary to. the fact. While I admire Governor Mor row for many of his excellent traits and abilities, I do not agree with many of his policies and executive decisions. My real purpose has been to set down in readable form some of the outstanding facts of re cent Kentucky history, and to do so I have used both narrative and biography. The historical period of this book ends Dec. 9, 1920, the complement of Gov. Mor row's first year in office. Events transpiring subse quently have not been considered. Though handling 8 PREFACE a subject intensely political, and necessarily so, I have tried to avoid partisan politics throughout, stat ing the facts, yet allowing the reader to draw his own conclusions. It is hoped for this reason, that this little volume will commend itself to all who may chance to take it up, regardless of their political faiths, and bring with the reading a renewed and in spired belief in the future of Kentucky. Chapter I. Chapter II. Chapter III. Chapter IV. Chapter V. Chapter VI. Chapter VII. Chapter VIII. Chapter IX. Chapter X. CONTENTS. Page Ancestry and Boyhood 17 Soldier and Lawyer 27 Home and Public Life 33 The New Leader and His Cam paign 39 Governor of Kentucky 49 State and National Affairs 55 Excerpted Campaign Speeches 69 Official Addresses and Proclam ations 93 Selected Addresses and Stories 113 Chronology _ 127 Bibliography 138 Index 141 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page Edwin P. Morrow (Frontispiece) Robert McAfee Bradley 20 The Morrow Twins — Edwin and Charles.. 24 The Governor's Family _ 34 Clinching the Argument 46 Inaugural Scenes _ _ 52 The Morrow Inaugural Parade _ _ 72 The Morrow Home at Somerset, Ky 88 Approving the Suffrage BiU. 104 Governor Morrow at the Capitol 116 Bushnell's Celebrated Cartoon. 126 Sidelights on Kentucky Politics _ _ 126 EDWIN P.MORROW — Kentuckian Edwin P. MonnOW— Kentuckian CHAPTER L Ancestry and Boyhood. It was an early July morning. The first level beams of the sun shot through the darkness of the silent corridors of that aristocratic hostelry, the Waldorf Astoria. Down in the main lobby an old grandfather clock had just sleepily struck five, an unconscionable hour for staid New Yorkers or travel- worn guests to be awake. A Kentuckian, however, re turning home from Northampton, Massachusetts, where, on the day before, he had formally notified Governor Oalyin Coolidge of his nomination by the Republican party to the Vice Presidency of the United States, was already astir. Through the dawn-streaked hallways of that very famous hotel suddenly came the rattling sound of smashing glass, the breaking of furniture, and the loud, angry voices of men. The sounds of the alterca tion caught the ear of the alert Southerner, staying him momentarily on his way to a much anticipated 17 Edwin P. Mokbow — Kentuckian "before breakfast stroll." The door of an adjoining bedroom suddenly burst open, and, in less time than it takes to tell it, a young, athletic foreigner, pre senting every appearance of a trapped wild animal seeking an avenue of escape, bore down upon him. Periods of precipitated crises allow the fundamental characteristics of a man's personality to assert them selves. Instantly appreciating the situation, the Southerner threw himself against the escaping in truder and there ensued a lively scuffle at the top of an historic stairway. Belated house detectives and sleepy guests in night clothes rushed to the scene to find the doughty little gentleman-guest from the Bluegrass State holding his assailant firmly by the collar. The burglar was soon identified as Peter Hermida, Montenegrin, a former hotel employee. His captor, it then de veloped, was registered downstairs as Edwin P. Morrow, of Frankfort, Ky. The surprise and ad miration of a score or more of guests who had wit nessed the hand to hand struggle later in the day increased when they asked the Governor about the affair, and he replied: "Well, you know I'm for law and order. ' ' 18 Edwin P. Mokbow — Kentuckian Though brushed aside with this casual remark, the incident is worth much in analyzing the young lawyer of Somerset, whom the people of the Com monwealth of Kentucky elected to be their chief executive on Novembr 2, 1919, by a majority of more than forty thousand, the largest of recent years. Alertness, aggressiveness, earnestness, respect for right and a bold initiative, coupled with a disregard of self in time of emergency, made him no less the "man of the hour" in this almost insignificant affair than they have in the many larger things which have come to him in his private life as an attorney be fore the bar, or in his public life as the highest chosen servant of his native State. Americans of Scotch-Irish descent have perhaps contributed more to the upbuilding of this Republic than any other ancestry. On his father's side, Ed win Porch Morrow is Scotch, whence comes his short ness of stature. His great-grandparents, emigrants from Scotland, originally settled in Pennslyvania, in the old colonial days before the Revolution, in the vicinity of what is now known as Harrisburg. They were the descendants of Dwight Morrow, who was a man of some parts. The Morrows have always 19 Edwin P. Moerow — Kentuckian recognized a distinct kinship with the American Murrays, and in Scotland, whence they all came, the two names are used interchangeably. After some little residence in the mountain section of Pennsyl vania, one entire branch of the Morrow family moved over into the northwest territory, where later Mor row, Ohio, came to be named after them. It is the proud claim of this family that Jeremiah Morrow, U. S. Senator for Ohio in 1813, and later, from 1822 to 1826, the 34th Governor of the Buckeye State, was one of their close kin. From his mother, Catherine Virginia (Bradley), Governor Morrow gets his Irish blood. Her father was Robert M. Bradley, whose grandfather, William McAfee Bradley, came from Mayo County, Ireland, to this country in the days of the Old Dominion, and settled in Virginia. Later, a part of the family, like many another of that time, packed their household goods and chattels into wagons and on horses, and set their faces westward toward the new pioneer land "Kentucky," the then most westward county of Virginia. It was the Governor's great-grandfather, Isaac Bradley, who made the pioneer Struggle over the Wilderness Trail into this State, and finally set- 20 Robert McAfee Bradley, The Governor s Grandfather Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian tied in what is- now known as Madison County, Ken tucky. He was a man of gigantic stature and tre mendous physical power, as well befitted the needs of the times; a blacksmith by trade, and one of the first that ever came into the State. The Bradleys spread out in Madison County, and over into Garrard County, where was born March 27, 1808, and reared, his grandfather, Robert McAfee Bradley, who is well remembered as the greatest land lawyer Kentucky has ever had. It is said he settled more of the great land grants and big survey titles, within the State, than any other, and so came to be known as the "Land Pirate." He was also one of the greatest trial lawyers Kentucky had ever pro duced, and not the least among his achievements is the free public school system of the State, which he helped to establish in the face of great opposition. The Governor's mother was one of six children, five of whom were girls, and one a boy, William O'ConneU Bradley, who was born in Lancaster, Ky., March 18, 1847. He became the thirty-second Gov ernor of the State, and later U. S. Senator from Ken tucky. His death, sadly recalled by his friends, who were legion, occurred in Washington, D. C, May 23, 21 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian Thomas Zanzinger Morrow, the Governor's father, was bom in Fleming County, Kentucky. His in dustrious and farsighted Scotch parents anticipated for him a career above that of the ordinary, and sent him to school at Centre College. He was graduated with the class of 1855, which claims the unique distinction of giving a number of United States senators and governors to half a dozen states, among them, such iUustrious men as T. T. Crittenden, W. C. P. Breckinridge and Governor John Young Brown. His student days over, he came to Somerset to live, and it was there on November 30, 1877, that Governor Edwin P. Morrow and his twin brother, Lt. Col. Charles Haskell Morrow, were born, com pleting a family of seven boys and one girl. Though ever busy in his private life as practicing lawyer and judge, the Governor's father always found much interest in the political affairs of his native State, and in 1883 was persuaded to make the race for Governor of Kentucky on the Republican ticket. He was opposed and defeated by James Proctor Knott, the Democratic candidate. During the Civil War he figured prominently and with credit as a Colonel of Infantry in the Union Army, and had at the same time three brothers in the Confederacy. He 22 Edwin P. Mokbow — Kentuckian was a member of the Kentucky War Senate, and one of the twenty-eight men who helped organize the Re publican party of Kentucky. At his death he was the only man left in the State who had campaigned for Abraham Lincoln. It is said he once rushed horse back from Somerset to Lexington, a distance of about ninety miles, to introduce General Speed, later U. S. Attorney General, who was then stumping the State for Lincoln. With this sort of ancestral history and political activity as a background, one can easily imagine what thoughts and desires most naturaUy crowded into the fertUe young brain of the boy — Edwin P. Morrow. While stiU a youngster and hardly in school, he must have heard for the thousandth time the stor ies of the pioneer struggles of his grandfathers who came from the Old Dominion over the Wilderness TraU, or who came down the river and forest trails of southern Ohio as immigrants into his native State. Added to these, were the memories of his father who championed Lincoln and the. RepubUcan party and stories of his campaigning activities as the Republi can candidate for Governor in 1883. Is it any wonder then that in 1895 young Edwin, then a strippling seventeen years of age, shoiUd have been out on the 23 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian stump in school houses and court houses speaking for his uncle, William 0. Bradley, who was destined to be the next Governor of Kentucky? Success breeds success, and if young Morrow, then still a school boy, was too young to do more than think of being a gover nor some time, yet he was not too young to have his whole soul filled with the enthusiasm of campaigning and its ultimate possibilities. His early love for speak ing grew, and it is a well known fact that the Gov ernor has always taken the greatest delight in ad dressing within the school houses of the State his fel low citizens on subjects built around state and na tional issues. The independent mental and moral characteristics of Edwin P. Morrow asserted themselves early, and his father and mother desiring him to be equipped to undertake the broader usefulness in life for which he seemed to be destined, sent him when fourteen years of age to St. Mary's College, a general pre paratory school near Lebanon, Kentucky. Here he remained as a student during the years of 1891 and 1892. The boy readily appreciated his opportunities, and under Professor William Timmons, who wiU be remembered by many Kentuekians as a very efficient teacher, began his first real study of rhetoric. Prom 24 The Mokrow Twins — Edwin and Charles but no one Itnows which one is Edwin and which one is Charle.s. Their own mother could not tell. Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian this school he went to Cumberland CoUege, at WU- liamsburg, Ky., where for two years his principal studies were buUt around a course in the Liberal Arts. Two of the greatest educators of that time were there. Prof. E. E. Wood, who held the chair of Rhetoric, Literature and Languages; and Prof. (jorman Jones, who taught Civil Government and History. Both were men of exceUent and unique character, whose lives and teachings proved to be an inspiration to their students, ui^iag them^ on to bet ter and higher things. Young Edwin, then in his latter teens, felt day by day the mental stimulus of these men; and it may be said in truth that it was at this formative period in his life that his higher professional and politieal ambitions were quickened. While at Cumberland and St. Mary's CoUege, he took an active interest in athletics, as weU as in other school activities, playing halfback on the col lege footbaU team, and left field on the basebaU nine. His interest in oratray never abated- He took an active part in a weU oi^anized debating society at Cumberland CoUege, £ind as a member of one team or another took part in many a heated and interest ing argument. It was the rule that every one should take part in these discussions, which sometimes be- 25 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian came so insistent that they lasted well into the hours of the morning This was really exceUent training for the future lawyer and Governor, and though, perhaps, he did not appreciate it fully at the time, he was lending his whole heart and soul to the matter of equipping himself for a time later on in life when every strategy of argument and convincing device of oratory would be needed to carry his point in the fiercely contested issues which he was to champion. An interesting fact concerning this little debating society at Cumberland College which illustrates its vigorous personnel, is that every member has since "made good" either as a lawyer or as a public speaker. 2(i CHAPTER II. SOLDIEE AND LaWXKB. When in the year 1898 there occurred in the Harbor of Havana that shocking naval disaster which wrote the name of that great battleship, "The Maine," in immortal letters on the pages of Amer ican history, the young coUegian stood momentarUy at "Attention!" and then with his young Kentucky heart overflowing with patriotic impulses, he volun teered as a private on June 24th, to serve in the Spanish-American war. He was first stationed at Lexington, and then moved to Anniston, Alabama, where he went through a period of intensive training. Upon the conclusion of hostUities, he was mustered out on February 12, 1899, with the rank of Second Lieutenant. Following his release from the army, he came back to Somerset for a short time. The caU of the law was stronger upon him than ever, and in the faU of 1900 he entered the law school of the University of Cincinnati, from which he was gradu ated in 1902 with the degree of LL. B. At the age of twenty-five, Edwin P. Morrow, fuUy prepared and ready to begin his life work, 27 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian cast about for a place in which to locate and begin his professional career. Lexington, the heart of the "Bluegrass," with its many industries, rich and varied agricultural and mineral interests, its bright life and social diversions, appealed to the young lawyer. Without influential friends or the guiding hand of an older and indulgent partner to open the way for him to professional success, he rented a law office, hung out his shingle, and told the world with his characteristic aggressiveness that he was ready to go to work. In the same position as many another young legal practitioner, whose chief asset is deter mination and independence, he soon found that the road he had chosen was none too easy. Like Oliver Wendell Holmes, trained for the practice of medicine, but inherently a much better after-dinner speaker, he must frequently have felt as did that great American when he first started to practice medicine, and hung out his shingle embellished with the line, "All SmaU Fevers Gratefully Received." The hopeful young Lexington lawyer did not brighten his shingle with humor, nor did he yield to a futile despair. He did, however, the next best thing; he gave himself as siduously to his books in an attempt to prepare him self better for the successful discharge of his tasks 28 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian when they should come. The way in which they did eome finaUy, forms a very picturesque and eventful chapter in his early life. About three months had sUpped away since young Edwin P. Morrow, had opened his office as praeticiag attorney, when one morning in September, 1902, notice of the coming second trial of WUliam Moseby, colored, appeared in the morning Herald of Lexington. The ease, though an old one, held the interest of the public. Moseby was under indictment by the grand jury for acts as an acctHnplice in the killing and supposed robbery of J^se N. Hawkins, on Second Street, on December 8, 1900. Hawkins was a very prominent citizen and merchant, treas urer of one of the local churches, and was thou^t to have had several thousands of doUars of church money on his person when he was attacked. His large acquaintance throughout central Kentucky, his sadden and tragic death, and the circumstances attending it, had attracted a great deal of attention. Lexington, as weU as the whole countryside, was much aroused over the outrage. With Moseby, two white men, Jim Rateliffe and Bert AxUne, were charged as being accompUces in the murder and robbery. During the first period of intense feeling 29 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian Moseby had made a confession. It was claimed the confession was extorted by the use of a large reward fund which had been raised, and the influence of the Pinkerton detectives who had been employed. The case had been tried before Circuit Judge Watts Parker, and had resulted in a hung jury. In view of the confession and the evident strength of the prosecution which was conducted by the Com monwealth Attorney, John R. Allen, assisted by Col. Charles Bronston, miany considered the outcome of the second trial, which was scheduled to begin Sep tember 17, 1902, a foregone conclusion. Judge Parker tried repeatedly to get several lawyers to take the defense of Moseby, but they aU declined with thanks. In his extremity, he turned his atten tion to securing some poor, obscure young lawyer who could be more easily persuaded to take up the difficult defense of the negro. He selected Morrow. The young lawyer from Somerset accepted the appointment, as the judge divined he would, and threw himself unreservedly into this extraordinary criminal case to save his client Moseby, who was already regarded as condemned. To the surprise of the judge, the prosecution and the thousands who were intently following the case, he soon showed that 30 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian Moseby "s confession had been extorted, and that a very great deal of the testimony as presented was faulty. It was brought out that, shortlj- after Moseby 's apprehension, he had been taken from the jail at Lex ington to XicholasviUe, ostensibly for safekeeping. As soon as this had been done, it was shown that the negro had been led to believe that a large mob had coUected on the outside, and proposed to take bim from the constituted authorities by force. Inherent fear of the hj'pothetical mob brought the desired con fession from the negro. The suecesss of the defense in undermining the testimony of the prosecution, coupled with an impassioned appeal by ;Morrow for his client, resulted in the acquittal of Moseby, the jury bringing in a verdict of "Not GuUty," September 21, 1902. On Tuesday morning following Jim Ratliffe and Bert Axline were dismissed by Judge Parker on the grounds of insufficient evidence. Morrow, now no longer an unknown struggling attorney, had the double pleasure of congratulating his freed cUent, and of knovring that from the moment the jury brought in the verdict of "not guUty," his was a name henceworth to be reckoned with before the criminal and civU bar of Kentiicky. 31 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian Though many, privately, still disagreed as to the outcome of the trial, the reputation of Ed. Morrow was firmly established. Those men who were within his own small circle of acquaintance extended him every congratulation. But there was outside a greater and much more important group of men be fore whose eyes his reputation had risen suddenly like a new, bright star on a midsummer night to join that brilliant, well known constellation of grand father, father and uncle. Engrossed with the many new calls that then began to crowd on his considera tion, he but vaguely appreciated the full significance of his recent victory. A year and a half thus slipped by in Lexington before he felt an imperative eaU to politics and returned to Somerset. Back in his native town he found new interest in the local campaigns, and in 1903, in recognition of his services to his party, he was appointed city attorney by the city council of Somerset for a period of four years. 32 CHAPTER III. Home and Public Life. The story of Governor Morrow's domestic life is one in which there is a wealth of sentiment and hap piness. The story begins far back in the days of his earliest boyhood. His wife, then Katherine Wad dle, the daughter of his father's life-long friend, 0. H. Waddle, was his fellow playmate. There was also a background of long association between Mr. Waddle and the elder ilorrow, which reached back to the times when Waddle studied law in the "old way" in the office of the Governor's father ia Somerset. Was it any wonder that these chUdren, who were school mates, and who had in common a very large number of family connections in that part of the State, shoiUd naturally have felt even at that early age a closer bond than that recognized by many others ? While young Edwin was away at St. Mary's, Cumberland College and the Cincinnati Law School, and while he was in the ranks as a volunteer during those momentous times of the Spanish- American War, his early chosen sweetheart was also away at school. Who can describe those happy days when vacation 33 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian time came between the school years, or when after the mustering out in Alabama, young Lt. Morrow returned to his home in Somerset to meet his proud mother and father and the glad-hearted young woman whom he had chosen even as a boy? II Young lawyers must, however, like many other I folk, have something more than prospects before \ they may establish themselves in life. And so it was | not until after the successful conclusion of his firet great ease in Lexington, that a wedding day was fixed. Then on June 18, 1903, they were married in Somerset, Ky. Shortly after his return to Somerset in 1903, Governor Morrow built his home, and there in his native city have been born to him and Mrs. Morrow two splendid young Americans: a girl, Edwiiia Haskell, in July, 1904, and a boy, Charles Robert, in November, 1908. The growth and de velopment of these children have never ceased to be of the greatest interest and joy to the Governor and Mrs. Morrow, both of whom take a sound and con scientious interest in all matters which affect the general training and preparation for life of their children. Though busy with his duties as attorney for the city of Somerset, Mr. Morrow found time to devote 34 The Governor's Family Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentu,cMan himself to a large am.ount of commercial work, and at the same time was retained as attorney for one of the largest land companies in Kentucky, the Bauer- Cooperage Company, of Lawrenceburg, Indiana. This company owned a forty thousand acre tract of timber and mineral rights in Whitley, Pulaski and Rockcastle counties. The adjustment of their titles as weU as the settlement of their general legal affairs served to bring out the latent abilities of the young attorney. At the same time, and, iu fact, even dur ing his stay in Lexington, Morrow took an active part in all State and National campaigns. It was a compulsory round of speech making which developed in him the one characteristic for which he has today a national reputation — that of popular orator and after dinner speaker. In 1910 he was appointed U. S. District Attorney for the Eastern District of Kentucky, by President William Howard Taft, for a period of four years, with headquarters at Covington, Ky. The iuseeurity which always attaches to political appointments was once more demonstrated in the case of Morrow, when upon the election of President Woodrow WUson he was removed from office in 1913. Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian Y/hUe U. S. District Attorney in 1912 Morrow was caucus nominee for United States Senator, and opposed OUie James, one of the strongest men Ken tucky ever sent to the National Capital. He was very conclusively beaten, and returned to Somerset to live, where he took up the general practice of law. It is an old "saw" which advises that it is always darkest just before the dawn. With the gloom of his recent overwhelming defeat by Senator James still fresh in his memory, he determined in 1915, like many another defeated but unbeaten man, that the best antidote for a failure is success. Summoning to his support the courage of his convictions, he de termined to make the raee for nomination as Gover nor on the Republican ticket in Kentucky. There were several aspirants for the honor, but at the Lexington convention every "starter" dropped out. He had no opposition within his party. Kentucky Republicans, as if by common consent, recognized in him their natural leader and standard Ibearer. Letters of congratulation, pledging the sup port of hundreds known and unknown to him per sonally, begian to pour into Somerset by every mail. The name of Edwin P. Morrow, Republican candi date for Governor, went forth on printed card and 36 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian page, and by word of mouth, to the farthermost parts of the Commonwealth. He stumped the State thor oughly, making his opening address at Bowling Green, September 6, 1915. His Democratic opponent was Augustus Owsley Stanley of Henderson, Kentucky, an accomplished lawyer and orator, with a magnetic personality, and a very large circle of staunch and tireless friends. The battle line surged back and forth across the State in a mightUy and apparently evenly contested struggle. Great warmth developed in the opposing Democratic and Republican camps, and the flush of certain victory which was claimed by both spread to the most remote sections of the State. When the count was made in November, it was found that Stanley had 219,991 and Morrow 219,520. The great hopes of the young Somerset lawyer, and his host of Republican friends from Paducah to Pound Gap, went glimmering. He was beaten on the face of the count by 471 votes. Disappointment was written plainly on many faces, but Morrow again showed the stuff of which he was made, for though repeatedly and insistently urged to contest the return of the baUot, he steadfastly and smilingly refused. Again defeated, but not beaten, he returned 37 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian to Somerset to practice law. From here he issued through the press on November 12, 1915, the follow ing statement which at once revealed the high minded motives of the man and left no doubt even among his enemies of his disinterested patriotism and love of Kentucky: "After eight days of doubt the closest election the State has ever known is at an end. The official count now discloses Mr. Stanley's election by a small plurality, and however or by what methods obtained, I shall accept it as final. To plunge the State into a contest before the legislature would retard its pro gress, stop its development, and create strife and bitterness. The welfare of Kentucky and its people and its material prosperity are above the ambition of any man or the success of any party. "Next year will see enacted an anti-lobby law, a corrupt practices act to protect the ballot and public office, and a scientific and equitable tax law, and in the department of State there will be an awakening and a guard placed over the expenditure of people's money. Believing that I wiU have been instrumental in procuring those results, I feel that I have not labored in vain."* * state Journal, Nov. 12, 1915, pp. 1 and 2. 38 CHAPTER lY. The New Leader and His Cajip^ugx. In June, 1919, the RepubUcan party of Ken- tuckj' again met in convention at Lexington, and by acclamation chose Morrow the second time as its gubernatorial candidate. During the four years which had intervened since his last defeat, events had been moving along with great rapidity in political circles at Frankfort and Washington. Ollie M. James, who had beaten Morrow so thoroughly in the sena torial race of 1912, had suddenly died at Washing ton and his place had been fiUed by George B. ilar- tin, of Catlettsburg, Ky., who received his appoint ment to the Senate from Gov. A. 0. Stanley. At the expiration of Senator Martin's term of one year. Governor Stanlej- became the Democratic choice for United States Senator. He was opposed by Dr. Ben L. Bruner, the RepubUcan nominee. The result of this election was a victory for the Democrats, and in May, 1919, Augustus Owsley Stanley resigned his gubernatorial duties to take the office of United States Senator at Washington. His resignation created the vacancy which automaticaUy 39 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian made Lieutenant Governor James D. Black Demo cratic Governor of Kentucky. He filled out the term of office with great credit to himself and his party. In the August primaries. Governor Black entered the race for the Democratic nomination for Gov ernor against the Chief Justice of the Kentucky Court of Appeals, John D. Carroll, and several others. After a hotly contested primary race. Governor Black succeeded by a large majority in securing the Dem ocratic nomination for Governor, and entered Tvith great vigor into his campaign. The situation throughout the State of Kentucky in the fall of 1919 was one which well illustrated the hazards of a political campaign. The change in the executive officer of the State had necessarily weak ened the strength of the Democratic party, and, added to this, many alleged irregularities at Frankfort, of one kind and another, had been, for some little time quite generally discussed. Morrow saw his oppor tunity, and his political advisers gave him unstinted support. He immediately undertook to place Governor Black on the defensive, and his opening speech at Pikeville on September 8, 1919,* shows the * Sfr. Chap. VII, p. 40 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian thoroughness and effectiveness with which he mar- shaUed logic and rhetoric to his support. Governor Black's campaign was honestly and straightforwardly carried on, but he could not meet effectively, nor could any man, the many criticisms of an administration of which he had hardly been a part. His high minded and courageous attempts to justify and satisfactorUy explain many Demo cratic poUeies not of his own making or responsibiUty, brought forth only continued disapproval from his closest friends and iU-concealed enjoyment from his enemies. During this campaign, as weU as in his previous campaign. Morrow made more speeches and covered more territory than any other candidate, either Democrat or RepubUcan, in any similar cam paign. He averaged during this time three speeches a day, and in aU, appeared about two hundred times on the platform. His most thorough campaign was made in the Democratic stronghold of western Ken tucky, where he talked at every county seat and many smaU towns and school houses. Throughout his campaign for Governor, Edwin P. Morrow took a definite position with respect to his platform pledges. He had won his own nomina- 41 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian tion at Lexington, and was not bound to any man, or group of men. He had made no pledges nor promises to secure his nomination, and none had been made for him. He consequently felt free to offer to the people of Kentucky that hig'h conception of duty in public office which knows no other com pulsion than that which is imposed by circumstances or the best interests of the people. He said at Pike ville: "To secure my election to the exalted posi tion to which I honorably aspire I will not pledge a single office nor make a single trade. When this great trust comes to me, my hands shall be free to take it, my mind not bound by bargains, and, under God, my heart and conscience free to strive alone for the best interests of my State, if in your wisdom you see fit to elect me Governor of this Commonwealth." It was indeed a great promise, for it had been the habit at Frankfort from time immemorial to pledge all of the attractive positions in advance dur ing the heat of the campaign. These were later fill ed, unfortunately, not upon considerations of train ing, capacity and fitness generally, but in considera tion of the delivery of political infiuence. Such a system had brought into the new and the old State 42 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian Capitol buildings many useless commission clerks and officers. It had destroyed efficiency in many depart ments, and turned the business of transacting the State's affairs into a wholesale opportunity for the trade and settlement of outstanding poUtieal debts and favors. Besides this fundamental promise of maintaining essentiaUy a business administration. Morrow made a number of lesser but very important promises. He agreed to enforce a rigid economy in the collection and expenditure of public funds, to take the politi cal control away from the State's charitable and penal institutions and put them under a non-partisan board of high character. He also agreed to appoint a non-partisan State Tax Coanmission of high per sonnel, and do aU within his power to remove politi cal influence from its deliberations. For many years the State Text Book Commission had been the subject of widespread criticism and much of it was entirely justified. Morrow recognized in this matter of public education one of the most important problems for his consideration, and promised the appointment of trained and capable men from both parties. In conjunction with this, 43 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian he declared he would demand the passage of laws to take the Department of Education and its chief offi cers, Superintendents of Public Instruction in State and county, out of politics. The State's great debt of about three and a half million dollars he recog nized as one of the things which shoiUd receive prompt and effective consideration, and he proposed by the maintenance of an economic and business ad ministration of fiscal affairs to pay it through a period of years without adding additional burdens to the taxpayers of the State. He specifically reiterated throughout his cam paign that he would not allow or countenance ap pointments of special attorneys to do the legal work of the State for which officers were already employ ed : and he further declared that he would not pardon a guilty man. These statements meant much, since during the Stanley administration special attorneys had been engaged to collect back inheritance taxes; professional fees for a single case as high as $125,- 000.00, together with many concessions and com promises of principal amounts due the State of Ken tucky, had been arranged for a law firm in Louisville, and for others. He further promised not to use his 44 Edwtcn p. Moeeow — Kentuckian power to entrench either himself or his party in power, but to seek the confidence of the people and aUow them as wide a participation in their affairs, through general pubUeity of them, as might be possi ble. One of the last and most unique promises which he made, and often repeated, was not to seek the nomination for any other office, nor to become a candidate for any other public office, whUe he might be Governor. The closing words of his opening address which was made at PikeviUe, Kentucky, September 8, 1919, are indicative of the high purpose in his appeal to the voters of Kentucky: "Upon the issues as made, I propose to wage my campaign. I love my State. Every fibre of my being thriUs at the mention of her name. Every good impulse of my soul is dedicated to her service. I beUeve in her possibilities, her future. If love and hope, if energy and enthusiasm, wUl prevaU, I promise with the assistance of the young and ag gressive men composing our State ticket, to bring a new and better day to Kentucky. The issue is in your hands. Come what may, I am sustained by the consciousness of knovring that in every word that I 45 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian have uttered, I speak for the good of Kentucky and the welfare of its people." But the inherent strength of the Republican plat form and the vigor with which it was presented were not the only great factors which entered into the campaign. Throughout the country in general, the closing of the World War and the stir of the wide economic and social reactions which was beginning to be felt, had brought about a great unrest in the hearts of many people. Kentucky had this general dissatisfaction, and expressed it sooner that many other states. Economic and social discontent soon find expression at the polls, because it is the careless American habit to lay all blame for unsatisfactory living conditions on the party in power. The people of Kentucky in the fall of 1919 longed for a new order of things, and for a new leader. This spirit was quite general, and was found in quite as many Democratic homes as in RepubUcan. During the campaign Democratic political leaders noticed with growing consternation the evident apathy of the Democratic voters. The Republican leaders, keenly alive to the situation, recognized in the slug gishness of the great body of Democratic voters in Kentucky their real opportunity. 46 Clinching the Argument Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian Governor James D. Black, though he knew to wards the end of the campaign that he was playing a losing game, exhibited a fine order of manly determi nation, characteristic of the people from the foot- hUls of the Cumiberlands. He had a tireless energy even to the last. Though no longer a young man, the force which he put into his addresses might well serve 'as an inspiration to many a younger and am bitious candidate for pubUc office. Edwin P. Mor row might have conducted the latter part of his cam paign from his own doorstep in Somerset had he so elected, but the natural fervor and oratorical readi ness of the man would not let him do so. He took his message to as many of his feUow citizens of the Commonwealth as his physical strength and speak ing vigor would aUow. With an inspiration which few have equalled, he continued his public addresses, and drew the very largest crowds and popular sup port up to the night before election day when he spoke at LouisviUe. The election of November 2, 1919, was one of the most unusual in its political significance that the people of Kentucky have witnessed within recent years. Both parties claimed success until late in the 47 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian afternoon. Throughout the State, and especially in Kentucky's largest city, Louisville, and in many ob scure mountain towns where the Republican feeling ran the highest, the result of the ballot count was noted with intense interest. Throughout the night and into the morning of November 3rd, returns were flashed over a thousand wires and on to stereopticon screens in a hundred cities. 48 CHAPTER V. GovERNOK OP Kentucky. The morning newspapers of November 3d an nounced the election of Edwin P. ilorrow and the entire Republican ticket by a majority conceded to be 15,000. The afternoon papers of the same day raised this conceded majority to 25,000 and printed the telegraphic congratulations of Governor James D. Black to Governor-elect Edwin P. I\Iorrow. Be cause a large number of the mountain countie3 are scattered and outlying districts, the whole vote was not ascertained untU Wednesday night, November 4th, when it was announced without question that by one of the greatest political turnovers that had taken place in Kentucky in recent years, the Republican candidate from Somerset had been swept into office with his entire ticket by a majority of 41,176 votes. The news electrified both Democrats and Re publicans throughout Kentucky, for though many had come to look upon the RepubUcan success as assured, the actual figures, when they were given, seemed un- beUevable. It was argued that Kentucky, a state 49 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian normally Democratic by 30,000 votes, could not in the very nature of things have swung so far to the other side. Those who persisted in questioning the accuracy of the vote were those who had most stead fastly refused to recognize that the people wanted a change in the government of the State. The grpat weakness of the Democratic party had been its re fusal to recognize that a dissatisfied people is always stronger than any party. Days passed. The vote as announced, was not contested. On December 9th, Morrow came up from Somerset to Frankfort and was inaugurated Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky in the presence of twenty thousand people. Many of those present came in large delegations with bands and costumes and some came in special trains from the distant parts of the State. The parade, two miles long, and headed by General Summerall and a picked company of cavalry, and infantry of the 1st Division from Camp Zachary Taylor, at LouisviUe, Ky., led the march of the riotous thousands who came to do honor to the new Chief Executive of the State. Many floats of unique and picturesque design were in the line of march, and not least among them was the 50 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian old time log cabin. One delegation, eliminating the costly, showy float, simply equipped itself with a great leather boot, newly copper-toed. This symbol it carried on high and with it attracted quite as much attention as any other part of the parade. Today, the pageantry, the uniforms, and the tuneful bands, have aU vanished, but if a visitor in the Governor's office wiU but look about him, he wiU see on a favored shelf a great copper-toed leather boot, and learn, if he takes the trouble to do so, that it is one of the most prized reUcs of that memorable occasion. FoUowing the preliminaries of the inaugural cer emonies proper, the retiring Governor, James D. Black, made an address of some length. He was fol lowed by the Governor-elect, whose terse, vigorous and inspiring oratory found a warm reception in the hearts of the assembled thousands. In words which carry one back in thought to the pure, direct style of the great President of CivU War times, he began: "In this hour I am at once the proudest and humblest of men. Proud beyond words of the confidence of the people of my State, and of the loyalty of my friends; humble in the consciousness of the great re- sponsibUity in the presence of supreme duty." He, 51 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian closed, saying: "I am about to enter upon the dis charge of the arduous duties of my office. In my weakness I appeal for strength to the one great source of strength, and humbly pray that the God who makes and unmakes nations, and who holds His people in the hollow of His hand, will give me vision to see and strength to do the right; that He will keep my feet on the paths of duty and sustain me in the administration of law and justice, all to the end that I may maintain the honor of the State and promote the welfare of its people." He then turned to the Chief Justice of the Kentucky Court of Appeals, John D. Carroll, who administered to him, cind to Lieutenant Governor S. Thruston Ballard, the oath of office. A tremendous ovation followed. Meanwhile many surged into the new Capitol building. Through the crowd at the State reception a graying countryman edged his way forward, touched the Governor on the arm, and asked if he would give him one of the many inaugural roses as a special remembrance to take back to his old and infirm mother. An attendant, in his haste, plucked one without a stem from a nearby bouquet, and was presenting it to the man, when the 52 I~. Inaugural Scenes 1. Chief Justice Carroll administering the oath of office to Edwin P. Jlorrow and S. Thruston Ballard. ¦2. Governor Morrow, Lieut. -Gov. Ballanl. Ex-President of the .Senate Harris and Congressman Langley liearing Governor Black. Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian Governor's quick eye caught the look of disappoint ment which came over the sunburned, wrinkled face. Stepping over to the same bouquet and carefuUy withdrawing the largest and fairest flower of them aU, he turned to the man and said: "Here, take this to your old mother, and teU her it is the flrst favor, given gladly, by the new Governor of Kentucky." It was a great day for Ed. ilorrow. 53 CHAPTER VI. State and National Apfaies. Though watched pots seem slow in boiling, the march of human events is for the most part rapid. Almost within a month from the day that Edwin P. Morrow became Governor of Kentucky the General Assembly convened in its regular session, January 6, 1920. It was early indicated that the Republicans would control the House by a safe majority, and that the Democrats would control the Senate by two votes. The membership in the higher chamber was made up of twenty Democrats and eighteen Republicans. The flrst real test of partkanship came with the decision of the Democratic members of the Senate to control the legislation of that body. Had they voted as a umt, much of the progressive and desirable leg islation placed upon the statute books of Kentucky in 1920 would have been defeated. But defection appeared in the Democratic ranks when Senator Bur ton, of Grant County, refused to foUow the action of the Democratic caucus in its rules proposals. He 55 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian was so severely criticized for this action by the other Democratic members of the Senate that he virtually left the party to vote with the Republicans on all im portant publie legislation. Senator Burton's action tied the Senate, and virtually gave to the Republicans of the 1920 General Assembly control of both branches of the legislature in the vote of the Lieutenant Gov ernor, S. Thruston Ballard. Closely following upon the disclosure of their un expected strength, the Republicans proceeded to in troduce and pass in orderly sequence, though not without much heated argument and bickering from the Democratic ranks, practicaUy all of the promised legislation of the 1919 Republi can platform. The "Board of Charities and Corrections" was designed to take the place of the old "Board of Control" over the charitable and penal institutions. Under the new order, these institutions were authorized to employ men for their competency, rather than for their loyalty or party service. By pressing this reform Governor Morrow brought down upon himself the merciless criticisms of many members of his own party, as the press of 56 Edwin P. MoEBoy\' — Kentuckian the State during the past year wUl attest. To the "party for profit" man, it seemed wrong to deliver the fruits of the recent hard earned victory to the enemy, but Morrow stood true to his pledges and saw that distinterested action was taken. The im mediate result of this new legislation, it is now agreed by Kentuekians generaUy, has been for the good of both the many unfortunates of the State and the tax- pavers. Mistakes of course have been made, but not intentionally, and in most cases they have been or are now being corrected. It is now generaUy ac knowledged that in the not too far distant future "Morrow's plan" wiU bring many sorely needed reforms and improvements. Considered broadly, no session of the General Assembly has been more far-reaching in educational legislation than the first session just past under Gov ernor Morrow. The entire school system of the State has been revised and remodeled, and plans have been laid for the ultimate elimination of partisan poUtics in matters educational. The pay of the graded school teacher has been more than doubled, and the conditions under which she must labor have been materiaUy improved. 57 Ed-r^in p. Moeeow — Kentuckian Perhaps one of the most striking pieces of "Mor row" legislation was the bill passed and known as the Non-Partisan Judiciary which, if properly ad hered to, will remove from the Kentucky bench much of the strife and bitterness common under the old system. At the present, it is too early to fairly evaluate this bUl. And in this case, as in that of many other pieces of remedial legislation, it is not to be expected that the approval of the entire people will ever be secured. It was, however, another of Governor's Morrow's pledges to the people fulfiUed. The 1920 General Assembly in passing the "Moss" highway bill completed the most important and con spicuous piece of road legislation ever attempted in Kentucky. Not only were many new and better sys tems of roads provided for than in the past, but, as in the case of the schools, the judiciary, and the penal and charitable institutions, the work of their con struction was removed from the category of politieal spoils. The new road system, now in use, though by no means perfect, is so great an advance over that of the past that even the most partisan critic of the Governor and his proposals accepts its principle. Let the future revise it here and there and reinforce it 58 Edwin P. Mobbow — Keiituckian with more substantial appropriations, and Kentucky wiU come to see as exceUent a system of State high ways as exists in any commonwealth of the South. Aside from the legislative program which Gov ernor Morrow brought to fulfillment, he has found opportunities during the past year to display his executive abUity iu many other channels. Late in January, 1920, WUl Lockett, a negro, outraged and murdered, in Fayette County, a Uttle white girl, Geneva Hardman. Lockett was arrested and brought to the Reformatory at Frankfort, Kentucky, for safekeeping. WhUe there incarcerated, a mob hearing of his whereabouts came to Frankfort in automobUes, ostensibly to remove and lynch him. Governor Morrow stepped into the affair, personaUj-, and in the smaU hours of the morning persuaded the mob to return to Lexington. When in February, Lockett was caUed to trial in Lexington, Governor Morrow placed about the Faj-- ette county court house a company of soldiers, not so much to protect the negro, but in protecting him to protect the law. A mob of several thousand peo ple lined themselves up, and a number attempted to storm the court house during the trial to remove the 59 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian prisoner. They were repelled by the soldiers and, in the fracas, a number of persons were injured and killed. Lockett was speedily convicted of murder and given the death penalty. He was executed at BddyviUe in March, 1920. As a result of his action in preventing such an openly proposed lynching. Governor Morrow was very harshly criticized by many partisans. The sober, straight thinking people all over this State, and the nation, however, immediately hailed him as a new force for law and order in a time of need. In this crisis, as in every other in which he has had an opportunity to assert himself. Morrow has calmly displayed the same revei'enee for the strict procedure of law and constituted authority. It would seem that all his experience of life has so indelibly stamped it self upon his mind that nothing can induce him to intentionally allow the slightest laxity in the en forcement of the statutes. His refusal to pardon the guilty "pistol toter," his readiness to send State troops wherever needed, his utter disregard of per sonal safety at many time of crisis, have encouraged the people of the State to feel that in spite of the recognized crime wave that has inundated the land 60 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian during the past year or two, order wUl finaUy be secured. Time may be depended upon to give due credit to Governor ilorrow for the part he has plaj^ed in the maintenance of law and order. The inauguration of cabinet meetings of State officers about the Governor's table, and the generaUy close circumspection with which the affairs of all of the departments of the State have been watched, may be seen as straws before the vrind indicating a change in the administration of the State's business at Frankfort. In keeping with his campaign pledge, executive clemency has been exercised with much re serve by Governor IMorrow. During his first year in office, just completed, he made an even 100 pardons, remissions and commutations of penal sentences. Though this figure may seem large to the uninformed, it is a demonstrable fact* that it is the best and lowest record in point of numbers of any recent Gov ernor of Kentucky. It is not to be assumed, however, that costly mistakes wUl not be made, nor that Ed. Morrow, unlike any other Governor, wiU not be im posed upon, even perhaps by some of his trusted * During their flrst year in office. Governor Beckliani "pardoneil" 350, Governor JlcCreary 139, and Governor Stanley 257 — official records, Sec'y of State of Kentucky. 61 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian friends. But the program already achieved exhibits much that is being commented upon favorably by both Democrats and Republicans who really have the best interests of Kentucky at heart. The year 1920 brought with it the great struggle in national politics for the Presidency of the United States. In the opening scenes of this great political drama, at the Chicago convention, Kentucky took her place on the stage, robed as a Republican, greatly in contrast to her usual Democratic attire. In the cam paign of 1916, Ed. Morrow had been one of the dele gates from Kentucky, but with little or no oppor tunity to show his ability as a national figure, because of his then recent though very close defeat for Gov ernor of Kentucky, by Augustus Owsley Stanley. In the year 1920, Governor Morrow again attend ed as a delegate from Kentucky, but this time in the role of a conquering hero, the RepubUcan Governor of a Democratic State, w'hich he had carried by an overwhelming majority. ' His voice and his counsels were now heard on many occasions in that m,em- orable assembly, both in public and in private. Wherever his name was spoken, it seemed to be the signal for widespread applause. Public admiration 62 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian for the man increased daUy, untU his name came to be talked of freely as a very possible nominee for the Vice Presidency of the United States. Had he not been persistent and outright in his refusal to consider himself a candidate for this office, he would without doubt have been nominated.* Xo one wiU ever guess how much it cost Ed. ilorrow in that hour of personal triumph to say "Xo" to proposals which most Americans eaU flattering. Men, watch ful of his conduct, caught then something of the dominant wiU and principle of the newly made Gov ernor of Kentucky. Throughout his own State there was a pause poUtical when it was seen that he was preparing to spend himself without stint in the forth coming campaign to aid in the election of a Yankee to the very position of trust and honor which had been offered him. After the nomination of President Warren G. Harding and Vice President Calvin CooUdge, and the close of the great RepubUcan convention. Gover nor Morrow was in demand aU over the Eastern United States as a public speaker. To him feU the * Cincinnati Enquirer and Louisville Herald, June 7, 1920. 63 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian happy, though oddly coincidental lot of delivering the notification speech at Northampton, Mass., July 27, 1920, to Calvin CooUdge. "You are called," he said, addressing the then Governor Coolidge, "to serve your country at a time of your country's need. At home grave economic, industrial, social and governmental problems have too long in the past, and even now continue to press for and demand a solution; and on their proper solu tion depends the prosperity of the commercial and financial welfare of our own people. This nomina tion is tendered you as the spontaneous and over whelming wish of your party. . . . The West called to the East — North and South heard the call, and the nation made answer. The Republic has faith in Massachusetts . . . and the proven courage of Massachusetts' Chief Executive. We are met to day on sacred soil — ihaUowed by the memory of sacri fice and service to the cause of liberty, ... in this hour so vital to our future as a great free people, in this hour of strange beUefs and far driftings from the old known landmarks of national policy, it is . . . well . . . that we solemnly determine that the heritage which has made us free, independent 64 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian and prosperous shaU not be bartered for a mess of unknown pottage." Throughout the North and X'orthwest tens of thousands cheered to the echo this earnest appeal of Governor ilorrow not to abandon the old time na tional standards for those less tried and sure. His Northampton speech was in effect a denunciation in no uncertain terms of the proposed participation by the United States as an active member in the League of Nations. What heat that contention at tained as a national discussion, and to what propor tions the "League of Nations" finaUy grew as a poUtical argument, the reader does not need to be in formed. Returning to Kentucky, Governor Morrow conducted a very briUiant and popular campaign for Harding and CooUdge, in which he was assisted in the mountain section of the State by Col. Theodore Roosevelt, the son of the great President. In his many "stump" contentions he may not always have been exactly right, but who wiU say that his casual error was not an honest one, free from sordid partisanship and true to his belief in a great prin ciple? To him, tiie entering of the league meant a sacrifice on the nation's part of much which America 65 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian has always held dear. His sincerity of conviction on this point is reflected in every one of his many cam paign speeches, and their great number is some wit ness of the zeal with which he championed the Hard ing renewal of the faith of our Fathers. One year of Governor Morrow's administration has passed into history. The record is spread across many a printed and written sheet. The observer, if he be steeled to impartiality, will see here and there among the noteworthy items, the unmistakable brand of error. For though it be costly to make mis takes, to err is to be human, and Edwin P. Morrow, idol though he be to many, is assuredly very human. The thoughtful reader of these accounts must ac knowledge a wholesome appreciation of the services to the people which the Governor has rendered through his own executive deeds and those of his ad ministration. Three years, the really long and criti cal time, lie ahead. Rose-strewn pitfalls and snares, watched by many an adventuresome political mal content and the fates, wait on every side. The pres ent Governor of Kentucky, like many of his prede cessors, may, while sensing the greatest security and attempting the largest publie service, become en- 66 Edwtn p. Mobbow — Kentuckian meshed in some of these treacherous pitfalls. It is certain, however, that he wiU find his way out as a gentieman and as an honest pubUc servant. As Governor of this State, Edwin P. Morrow necessarily assumed responsibUity for the work of the 1920 General Assembly. Much that was laid on the statute books was experimental. Some of the laws, it is already seen, must be changed. To Grov- emor Morrow wiU be given again in a few short months, at the convening of the legislature of 1922, the great responsibiUty of weeding out that which is bad and retaining that which is good. It is a difficult problem made the more intricate by the many complexities of personal ambition and poUti cal fortune which are certain to develop on the leg islative floor. His, day by day and alone, is the grave duty of guiding in safety the "Ship of State" through the future's uncharted perilous seas and into the port. The temperament of the people throughout the State and nation has been sorely tried by the convulsiTe aftermath, social and eco nomic, of the greatest war of history. The present and the near future are indeed no times for a weak ling to be at the hebn. It is rather a time for a man 67 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian of the broadest vision and soundest principle who, strong in the courage of his convictions, stands every inch a Captain, ready, regardless of personal cost, to do that which is best for the "Old Common wealth ' ' — ^Kentucky. 68 CHAPTER VIL Excerpted Cahpaign Speeches. That Governor Morrow owes much of his success as a poUtical campaigner and popularity as an after- dinner speaker to his unusual gifts as an orator, can not be denied. These forensic talents which were in a measure inherited by him from an immediate an cestry of able stump and parlor speakers, asserted themselves early in his youth. He recognized his gifts of speech and put them to good use whUe yet a lad during his father's and his uncle's campaigns. As a result of these youthful efforts, ere he was aware he had become a popular idol of story telling and de bate. During his own campaigns the magnetic quaUty of his personal convictions and enthusiasm came to add a lustre to his genius of speech which has now become widely recognized. Address of Edwin P. Morrow, Republican Candidate for Governor of Kentucky, Bowling Green, Kentucky, September 6, 1915. "Ladies and Gentlemen: — ' ' PoUtical campaigns are primarily for the benefit of the people, not the poUticians. The period pre ceding an election of the State's executive and legis- 69 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian lative officers is the time of investigation and dis cussion; a time in ^hich an accounting for steward ship should be demanded and given in order that responsibility may be fixed; that the good and faith ful servant may be rewarded and the unfaithful servant rebuked. "Political parties act only through their selected agents and, therefore, every party is responsible for the acts and conduct of its agents, for the good or bad they do, for the results and conditions which they produce. If a political party, through its agents, has kept faith with the people, efficiently and honestly managed the fiscal affairs and produced the beneficial results of good government, such a party deserves the confidence of the people and should be given the control of their affairs. If, however, through its agents, it has broken faith, faUed ia its promises, and proved inefficient and extravagant in the management of public business, it should be de nied the trust and suffrage of the people and the party of opposition should be entrusted with the affairs of State. "The baUot of rebuke is the great weapon of the people and by its proper use alone can poUtical par- 70 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian ties be compelled to fulfill promises and render good and faithfiU service. On these conditions we pro pose to discuss with you today the promises and deeds of your pubUc servants who have, for four years, had the control of your affairs and who are responsible for the expenditure of your money and the general condition of your business. In this discussion, I want it clearly and fully understood that any criticism I may make is intended for officers, agents and officials in their official capacities and not for the great body of conscientious citizens. Broken Promises. "The platform of a party is its given word of honor and when accepted by the suffrage of the peo ple to whom it is given, it becomes a solemn contract sealed with the great seal of the Commonwealth. "Four years ago the Democratic party made such a covenant with the people of Kentucky. Today, I charge the wilful breach of that covenant, both in letter and in spirit. Platform Pledges. "The Republican party presents to the people of Kentucky a plain, progressive platform embodying a complete system of constructive and remedial legis- 71 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian lation. It stands for good roads, and congratulates itself that the present good roads law was framed and passed by the untiring efforts of a Republican State Senator. It stands for more schools and school houses, for a longer school term, and for the exten sion of the State's institutions of higher learning, and for the complete elimination of all politics from the publie schools. It stands for the non-partisan control of all penal and charitable institutions. This party is pledged to the enactment of a Workmen's Compensation Law and is the first party in Kentucky to make such a pledge for the benefit of those who risk Ufe and limb in the hazardous occupations of mill and factory and railroads and those who toU in the midnight darkness of the mines; it is pledged to the passage of a law which wiU provide a fair system to protect and care for those who are maimed by accident and for their wives and children. Such a law can and should be provided. "We believe in increasing the powers of the pres ent Railroad Commission by giving it jurisdiction over the other pubUc utilities of the State. "My party believes in a Corrupt Practice Act. It was the first party to pledge the passage of such an 7'2 The Morrow Ix.\ugurai. Parade, Frankfort, Ky. Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian act and calls attention to the broken promises of our opponents to pass such a law. Something must be done to limit the amount which may be bid for a publie office. The people have the right to know the amount and sources of all campaign funds. Some check must be placed upon the man who either has or can secure great sums of money to be used in debauching elections. The man who buys his way into a public office wUl steal his way out. ' ' We believe in the election of the judiciary, the final safeguard of life, liberty and property, without regard to politics, and desire to put the judge above and beyond political influence in order that he may be selected upon the ground of fitness and qualifica tion alone. ' ' We believe in the principle of the direct primary- law. A Republican platform first declared for such a law. We believe the present law is unfair, unjust and imperfect; that it was made for the purpose of preventing joint nominations and of widening the breach between political parties and of preventing the great body of independent and thinking voters from exercising their beneficial infiuence in primary elections. 73 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian ' ' The Republican party stands pledged to the pas sage of a tax amendment to enable the legislature to classify property. The opposition party is respon sible for the present unjust system of taxation; re sponsible for every inequality and unfair burden which that system imposes upon you, and responsi ble for the unreasonable delay in its amendment. "The Republican party favors the proposed tax amendment and, after its passage, the enactment of a just, fair and scientific tax law, carefully prepared by taxing experts, which shall provide a fair tax rate and a just and equitable classification that deals fairly with the farmer and the capitalist, with visi ble and intangible wealth and brings every class of property to be listed for taxation. The Redisteicting Law. "My friends, I want to talk to you a little while on a subject that is close to my heart because it is a wrong against my people in the land where I was born and where I live. We aU believe in equaUty, the great bed rock principle of the Republic. We find that today by law one-sixth of our fellow citizens are denied equality of representation, their most preci- 74 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian ous right and heritage. The Constitution of Ken tucky. Section 33. provides: ¦" 'The lirst General Assembly, after the adoption of this Constitution, shaU divide the State into thirty- eight Senatorial Districts, and one hundred Repre sentative Districts, as nearly equal in population as may be. without dividing any county, except where a county may include inore than one district, which districts sbaU constitute the Senatorial and Repre sentative Districts for ten years. Not more than two counties shaU be joined together to form a repre sentative district : provided, in doing so. the princi ple requiring every district to be as nearly equal in population as may be shall not be violated.' "In the face of this clear cut and fundamental law, the legislature of Kentucky in 1593, passed a bUl creating LegislatiTc and .Senatorial Districts, and passed it in such a way that three hundred and fifty thousand citizens of Kentucky were absolutely dis franchised and given no representation in their leg islature. In 1900 a new census was taken, so that it became the duty of the l^slature to pass a new districting act. The wrong was not righted. In 1896, a new redistrieting act was passed that only in- 75 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian creased and made the wrong more outrageous. In 1907, a Democratic Court of Appeals was called upon to decide whether this redistrieting law was fair and just. The Court of Appeals, in passing on this sub ject, made use of the following unusually strong language : " 'The act under discussion is grossly violative of Section 33 of the Constitution, in that the injunction as to equality between the districts was not even pre tended to be obeyed by the legislature, and is not and cannot be denied. " 'Inequality of representation is a tyranny to which no people worthy of freedom will tamely sub mit. To say that a man in Spencer County shall have seven times as much influence in the govern ment of the State as a man in Ohio, Butler or Ed monson, is to say that six men out of every seven in those counties are not represented in the government at all. " 'No citizen will or ought to love the State which oppresses him; and that citizen is arbitrarily op pressed who is denied equality of representation with every other citizen of the Commonwealth. ' "In defiance of this opinion of Kentucky's Supreme Court, in wilful and wanton violation of 76 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian the Constitution, the Kentucky legislatures of 1908- 1910-1912 and 1914 have knowingly and wUfuUy and corruptly refused to comply with the Constitution of Kentucky and the mandate of the State's highest court. The Senatorial District in which I Uve is composed of eight big counties, with a population of more than a hundred and seventy- thousand and an area of more than thirty-five hundred square mUes. We have one member of the Senate. The Twenty- third Senatorial District composed of the three smaU counties of Boone, Owen and GaUatin, with a pop ulation of about thirty thousand, and an area of seven hundred and forty-eight mUes, has also one Senator. One man in that district has as much rep resentation as six men in my district. The compari son of the Thirty-third and Thirtieth Senatorial Districts is just as bad. "Many of the Legislative Districts are worse — the representation being at the ratio of eight to one. As a net result, there are four hundred thousand citi zens of Kentucky who are today disfranchised and deprived of equal representation. In the name of jus tice, in the sacred name of equaUty, in the name of the social compact which binds us together as one 77 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian people, in the name of the blood of common ancestors spilled in the pioneer days when Kentucky was cut from the wilderness, in the name of the heroes dead on the battlefield of freedom, in the name of the brother hood of man which inspires every man to love and re spect the rights of his neighbor, I appeal to you to right this monstrous wrong. You can only do this by voting for the Republican party which will give to every man, woman and child in all Kentucky, fair, equal and just representation." Address of Edwin P. Morrow, Republican Candidate for Governor of Kentucky, Pikeville, Ky., Sept. 8, 1919. "Again the time is at hand when Kentucky must choose its public servants. This is, and should be, the hour of accounting — ^when the people should take stock of their business, check and balance ; when they should reward and indorse the faithful, efficient serv ant who has given them the benefit of good govern ment; when they should refbuke and condemn their unworthy, unfaithful servants who have brought upon them the ills of bad government. 78 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian ' ' The baUot is the great weapon of the people. By its fearless and inteUigent use alone can they de fend themselves, protect their interests and demon strate their powers to reward and punish. By the proper use of the baUot alone can a people establish the standard government by which they propose to be served. An electorate which wiU not condemn its betrayers and destroy its despoUers has no right to complain of the shipwreck of its affairs, nor to cry aloud over its Uls and burdens. ' ' Four years ago, in a campaign which stirred the State to its depth, betrayal of pubUc trust was made manifest; the wretched condition of the State's busi ness was made known; drains and leaks and thefts from the pubUc treasury were disclosed; broken covenants were laid bare, and the marks of the strangling death grip of the old poUtical order was shown upon the fair throat of the State. In that campaign the people were urged to rebuke their be trayers; to condemn those who despoUed them and, by a verdict of 'guUty' at the polls, to establish a higher standard of poUtical faith, government and service. . . . "Four years have come and gone under the pres ent administration which has had fuU, complete and 79 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian absolute control of every department of State. What today are the known and admitted facts? What to day is the verdict already made in the heart of the people? What does your stock-taking show? No economy, no saving, but increased expenditures in every department of State; no beheading of useless officers; no stop to the drains and leaks; no lessen ing of tax burdens, but everywhere increased taxes and assessments; no demonstration of business capac ity, but a policy of utter carelessness, resulting in the loss of millions of doUars, and a wastefulness which has robbed the people of thousands. . . . "Yet on the fourth day of September, at Louis ville, the present DemocraAic candidates for State office in a convention which they dominated, attempt ed, by a web of words, to hide from the people the real issues of this campaign and the acts and deeds of the present administration which have for months been condemned by aU right thinking men. These candidates for high office who now seek your sup port had neither the courage to openly indorse, nor the courage to denounce the present administration, but thought to at once placate the then officehold ers and deceive the people by a meaningless blanket 80 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian indorsement of the l^islative acts of the Stanley administration. Acts Produced Wide Disfavor. "This ignoble surrender and patent subterfuge is contained in section 4 of their platform. When care fuUy read it only endorses certain l^islative acts, only the passage of laws urged four years ago by both parties — ^passed by both parties, and concerning which there was never any serious difference. Upon the administrative acts and omissions of the pres ent administration which have produced the widest and most universal condemnation, and which have shocked the inteUigence and conscience of the Com monwealth, these candidates are as sUent as the tomb. ' ' But their sUenee thunders to the people their lack of courage, and tells the pitiful story of their abject surrender to the Stanley office holding powers. Those who have not the courage to denounce wiU never have the courage to right a wrong. I propose to do that which they woidd not do, to say that which they would not say, to speak for a splendid people for whom they would not raise their voices. In the name of the people of Kentucky, I denounce the Stanley administration and those who have fattened upon it. 81 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian Republican Pledges. "The Republican party presents to the people of Kentucky a plain, progressive platform, embodying a complete system of needed and constructive legis lation. I heartily and fully endorse this platform — to me it is my word given to the people — and I solemnly pledge to its fulfillment, in letter and in spirit, the best efforts of my heart and mind. "As the first step for any lasting progress or de velopment the State's finances must be put upon a safe, sound and business basis. We must realize our indebtedness and prepare to meet it. For this purpose my party is pledged to the strictest economy, to the abolishment of every superfluous office, and to retrenchment and economy in every department of State. Will Discard Old System. . ' ' The old hit-or-miss system of expenditures must be discarded and the budget system fully and cor rectly installed and rigidly followed. To operate the various departments of State, to maintain law and order, to build roads and further the cause of educa tion, revenue is necessary and must be provided. The 82 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian RepubUcan party charges, that every tax burden which now galls the back of the people has been pro duced by needless waste and reckless extravagance, and it beUeves that with proper economy many of these ills wiU permanently disappear. "My party believes that taxation should be just, fair and equitable upon every class and kind of prop erty, and that every citizen should cheerfuUy and honestly bear his fuU and fair share of taxation. It is pledged to so revise and correct the present tax law as to secure these restUts. It is opposed to the use of arbitrary power, and condemns the present State Tax Commission for the arbitrary methods em ployed in administering the present tax law. "It is pledged to a thorough and exhaustive inves tigation into the maimer in which this law has been administered, and to correct such abuses as have been the cause of just complaint. It is further pledged, whUe preserving the principle of the classi fication of property, to limit within reasonable bounds the arbitrary powers of the State Tax Board to in crease assessments made by county boards, and to provide a summary and speedy method of appeal to the Court of Appeals from such arbitrary increases. 83 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian "Under the present high assessments, with strict economy enforced, the present tax rate can and should be materially reduced, and to this end every effort should be put forth to bring all of the State's prop erty to assessment and taxation. Will Improve Teachers' Pay. ' ' The general condition of the common schools and school system, the method of supplying the Depart ment of Education with revenue, and the wretched pay now given common school teachers, are deplored by every thoughtful citizen. To correct these condi tions, my party is pledged to recommend and estab lish a comprehensive survey of the entire school sys tem for the purpose of giving a wise basis for solely needed school legislation. We condemn the opposition for its years of failure to use its powers in this re gard and to correct present and long existing evils. Something must be done and done at once to provide proper pay for common school teachers. ' ' The wages paid them today shames the State. The schools of the State are of vastly more importance than all of its politics and politicians. Every vestige of partisanship should be eradicated from their con- 84 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian trol and legislation should be immediately passed which will prevent the election of State and county superintendents under partisan emblems; which will make their fitness, not their political affiliation, the determining factor in their selection. In schools and colleges, Kentucky is entitled to as good as the best. Let us see that she has them. Non-P artisan Judiciary. "The stain of politics too often besmirches the ermine of the judge. My party cheerfully takes ad vanced ground in demanding that all judicial officers be elected on a non-partisan plan, without party em blem or designation. Fitness and qualification alone should determine their selection. Industrial and Agricultural Development. "Bountifully blest by nature, favorably situated geographically, Kentucky should long ago have taken gigantic strides in industrial and agricultural develop ment. To stimulate such development, my party stands for good roads, for every assistance to this movement, for substantial aid to and extension of the Agricultural Department and its various activities, for increased aid to the State University, especially 85 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian the agricultural and mechanical departments and from extension work. Devislopment of State Resources. ' ' We believe that every aid of the State should be given to further the full development of our great undeveloped resources, including coal and oil. We deplore the manner in which the development of the oil industry of the State has been hampered, hindered and bewildered by unfortunate and misleading legis lation and taxing methods which have resulted in unjust and unfair assessment and unreasonable tax burdens upon oil leases and oil bearing property. We favor the enactment of laws providing for a produc tion tax which shaU be in lieu of all other taxes upon oil properties. Woman Suffrage and Prohibition. ' ' The Republican party is in favor of and stands for the passage of the suffrage and prohibition amend ments to the Federal and State Constitutions, and pledges itself to support, maintain and enforce these amendments by all necessary legislation. I bind my self to uphold and fulfill these pledges.* * Governor Morrow openly championed Woman's Suf frage during the 1915 campaign against both Republican and Democratic party influence. 86 EowEf p. Mobbow — Kentuckian liABOB. "The RepubUcan party is today and always has been the friend of American labor, and it stands ready now to promote in every way possible its wel fare. ... I stand for the creation of a separate department of labor, for due representation of labor upon the Workmen's Compensation Board; for such legislation as wiU prevent child labor and wiU pro duce throughout the entire fields of industry better working places and working conditions. Public Service. "My friends, I beUeve in pubUc service. I beUeve that an office is a pubUc trust. What we need in Kentucky is less poUtics and more business, fewer promises and more performances, more red pepper and less red tape, more saving in the coUection of rev enue and less extravagance in its expenditure. Above aU else, and for the greatest good of the State, we must destroy the poUtieal system which has almost destroyed Kentucky. This system is based and rooted in trade and barter and finds its unvarying expres sion in the payment of private poUtical obUgations. with the gift of pubUc office. 87 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian Will Not Make Office Pledges. "Positions are pledged in advance in the heat of campaigns and filled, not because of training, capacity and fitness, but in consideration of the delivery of political influence. This system has filled the state house with useless commissions, clerks and officers; destroyed efficiency, and turned the Capitol into a clearing house for the trade and barter and settle ment of political debts. "I made my own race for my own nomination. It was given me, without opposition, by the universal will of my party. I was not the candidate of any man nor of any set of men, nor of any business nor any interest. I have made no pledges, no promises, nor have any been made for me. I had rather be de feated in honor than to secure the purple knowing that it will cover and hide a corrupt trade and bar gain. "To secure my election to the exalted position to which I honorably aspire, I shall not pledge a single office nor make a single trade. When this great trust comes to me my hands shall be free to take it; my mind not bound by bargains; and, under God, my heart and conscience free to strive alone for the best 88 The Morrow Home .\t Somerset, Ky. Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian interests of my State if, in your wisdom, you see fit to elect me Governor of the Commonwealth. "I VV 1 1 J. — enforce rigid economy in the coUection and expenditure of the pubUe funds; stop the leaks; abolish every useless office and compel retrenchment in every department of State. "I W 1 1 Ji — ^take the black hand of poUties from the throat of the .State s charitable and penal iosti- tutijns. and name a board for their control to be com posed of men and women of such weU known char acter and fitness that aU wiU know that under such a board the evU of poUtical domination wiU disappear forever, and that these institutions wiU be so operated as to reiiejt the real heart and soul and conscience of Kentucky. 'I WILL — appoint a State tax commission, with out regard to poUties. to be composed of men of such abiUty and fitnras as wUl fairly, justiy and equitaHy discharge their duties. If they do not do so, I wiU demand their resignation and teU the State why. "I WILL — ^appoint a text book commission, com posed of capable trained men from both par ties, and demand that its hearings be pubUc. I wfll protect the school children of the State and for 89 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian their benefit will demand the passage of laws to take the departments of education in State and county out of polities. "I WILL — seek always and everywhere to pro mote real service, real progress and a full return ia benefits for every dollar expended. "I WILL — face the fact of the State's overwhelm ing debt, and by economy and a business adminis tration of fiscal affairs seek to pay it without adding additional burdens to a sorely taxed people. "I WILL NOT — for poUtical reasons appoint to office any unworthy or unqualified man, nor will I knowingly permit such an appointment by any pub lie officer. "I WILL NOT — employ special attorneys at State expense, nor will I permit the settlement by com promise of State claims, but wiU compel their ad judication in the courts of law. "I WILL NOT — abuse or misuse the pardoning power, nor wUl I pardon any guUty man, nor wUl I use this great power for political ends. "I WILL NOT — barter or use my patronage to entrench my party or myself in power, but will seek 90 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian alone the confidence of a people to be merited by a faithful, conscientious discharge of public trust. "I WILL NOT— whUe Governor of Kentucky seek a nomination for any other office, nor wiU I become a candidate for any other public office. ' ' I WILL NOT — deny to the people participation m their affairs, but by the widest publicity I wUl seek their advice, their confidence, and the expression of their wiU. "Upon the issues as made I propose to wage my campaign. I love my State. Every fibre of my be ing thrills at the mention of her name. Every good impulse of my soul is dedicated to her service. I believe in her possibilities and her future. If love and hope, if energy and enthusiasm wUl prevaU, I promise, with the assistance of the young and ag gressive men composing our State ticket, to bring a new and a better day to Kentucky. The issue is in your hands. Come what may, I am sustained by the consciousness that in every word I have uttered I speak for the good of Kentucky and the welfare of its people." 91 CHAPTER VIIL Official Addresses and Proclamations. Inaugural Address of Governor Edwin P. Morrow, Frankfort, Ky., Dec. 9, 1919. "My Dear Friends and FeUow Citizens: — "In this hour I am at once the proudest and humblest of men. Proud, beyond aU words, of the confidence of the people of my State and the loyalty of my friends; humble in the consciousness of great responsibiUty in the presence of supreme duty. AU the thrUl that comes with victory is gone — ^lost in the compelling sense of obUgation and in the fuU realization of the vital importance of the task that awaits me and in the apprehension of the difficulties of this great undertaking. ' ¦' The pa-ssion, bitterness and strife of the late cam paign are over — ^forgotten and forgiven alike by aU. We are no longer di^aded. We can now behold, with a vision undimmed by partisanship and unclouded by prejudice, the real meaning of the people's wiU as registered under law. The unprecedented vote given 93 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian the successful candidates for State offices means more than a choice between men. It thunders forth the people's 'ballot of rebuke' to unfaithful servants and inefficient execution of publie trust. It proclaims in unmistakable terms their approval of certain pro posed and pledged constructive and progressive leg islation. "The platform of a political party is its solemn offer to contract with the people. When that offer is accepted by the suffrage of the people a covenant is made — ^a covenant sounding in honor and sealed with the great seal of the Commonwealth. My party has made such a contract with the people of Ken tucky. As its candidate for the exalted position to which you have elected me I acted as its agent in the making of this compact. As your Governor I am your trustee, impressed with the obligation of ful- ¦fiUing its conditions. I admit, with grateful and overflowing heart, the consideration upon which it is founded — the expressed eonfldence of a splendid people. In this presence, surrounded by those I love and those who love me, I reaffirm the provisions and pledges contained in my party's binding obligation. To its fulfillment in letter and in spirit I pledge 94 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian every effort, every energy and the best of every power of head and heart which God has given me. In the performance of this contract now made with aU the people, for the good of aU the people, I ask the aid of aU the people. " It is the duty of the Chief Executive to enforce without fear or favor and to maintain at aU times the unchallenged supremacy of law and to assist in the passage of new laws to meet the ever-growing de mands of a progressive Commonwealth. Law is the foundation stone — the Uving rock upon which rest the pUlars of the Commonwealth — it is the shield and sword of the people, the sentinel at every home, the watchman of every fireside. It is, at last, the final guarantee of 'life, Uberty and the pursuit of happiness. ' "It is the further duty of the Chief Executive to assist in the development of the State's natural re sources ; to see to the physical, mental and moral wel fare of the people; to support and promote every agency of pubUc education and to protect the in tegrity of our pubUc institutions. "I am about to enter upon the discharge of the arduous duties of my office. In my weakness I appeal 95 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian for strength to the one great source of strength, and humbly pray that the God who makes and unmakes nations and who holds His children in the hollow of His hand will give me vision to see and strength to do the right ; that He will keep my feet in the paths of duty and sustain me in the administration of law and justice, all to the end that I may maintain the honor of the State and promote the welfare of its people. "I am now ready, Mr. Chief Justice, to take the oath of office." Biennial Message of Governor Edwin P. Morrow, Delivered in Person to the General Assembly of Kentucky, Frankfort, Ky., Jan. 6, 1920. "Gentlemen of the Senate and House of Representa tives: "In an hour of need the people of Kentucky have selected you as their representatives in the General Assembly. By your own seeking you are here to stand for, act for and serve a splendid people. Prob lems of the highest importance, matters and policies 96 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian of most vital concern to the good of Kentucky and the welfare of its people, confront you. In the per formance of the duties that await you, I am confident you wUl act with wisdom, discretion and patriotism and with a profound consciousness of great respon sibiUty. "Almost in equal numbers you are members of the two dominant poUtieal parties. In the campaign which r^ulted in your election, both parties made certain definite promises and pledges, and in solemn platform declarations announced their positions con cerning proposed constructive and progressive legis lation. It is my purpose in this message to caU your attention alone to those matters, poUcies and reforms to which you stand committed by your party's solemn covenant; which have been demanded and approved with unexampled emphasis and certainty by the sovereign wiU of the people expressed at the poUs. ' ' The passion, bitterness and strife of the late cam paign are over — ^forgotten and forgiven alike by aU. We are no longer divided. There is, and should be, no occasion for injecting into your deUberations any measure of a purely political character. If partisan ship must divide us, if poUtical alignments must 97 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian hinder and obstruct the due course of much needed constructive and progressive legislation, I intend to see to it that the responsibility therefor shall be fitxed, known and certain and shall be assumed by those who think more of their party than they do of their State. There will not and shall not be introduced with my consent or approval any measure seeking a political advantage for my party, or which has its entrenchment in power as its purpose. There is little difference between a policy of party aggression and of party obstruction, because in both, the ideal of service to the people is lost and forgotten. In this spirit I recommend that you proceed without delay and complete, as soon as it may be well and wisely done, legislation providing for: 1. The albolition of every useless office, the im mediate dismissal of every useless official and the consolidation, wherever possible, of boards and com missions. 2. The repeal of the law now providing for the control of our charitable and penal institutions, and the passage in its stead of a comprehensive law which shall properly provide for their operation under a system which shall increase efficiency in their man- 98 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian agement and forever divorce them from the evUs of poUtical control. 3. The enactment of legislation sorely needed for the benefit of the State's pubUc schools and institu tions of higher learning. 4. The removal of the judiciary from poUties and the selection and retention of judicial officers imder a non-partisan plan. 5. The ratification of the Federal amendment granting equal suffrage to women and their enfran chisement in State and nation. 6. The enforcement of nation and State wide prohibition. 7. The repeal or amendment of the present com pulsory primary election law. 8. The dimissal from office of any officer charged with the duty of protecting prisoners who may surrender them to mobs. 9. The development of our agricultural and natural resources, including the stimulation and pro tection of our oU and gas industries. 10. The creation of a more efficient and compre hensive department of labor. 99 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian 11. The construction and maintenance of a permanent system of State highways and extension of the good roads movement into every county of Kentucky. 12. The correction and revision of the present tax law so as to make eissessments of every class of property just and equitable and to limit, within rea sonable bounds, the arbitrary power of the State Tax Commission to increase assessments made by local boards. . . . "The State of Kentucky is spending annually more than $8,000,000. This expenditure should be checked, not only by an accounting audit, but there should be established a continuous audit of operating results. . . . Schools and Colleges. ' ' The health, happiness and prosperity of our peo ple, the use and development of our natural resources, the preservation of our liberties, the perpetuity of our institutions are dependent upon and determined hy the diffusion of the right knowledge and by our attitude towards schools. The gravity of the times through which we are passing gives new emphasis to the importance of education and imposes new obli- 100 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian gations upon our schools. It is not too much to say that, in this hour of crisis, our schools are, in almost Uteral truth, our Ark of Covenant in which reposes democracy's hope. A vigorous Americanism, that values citizenship in our repubUc, that appreciates our institutions and ideals, that cherishes no other soul loyalty, that thinks and acts in terms of no class but of aU the people, constitutes our chief bulwark against the spirit of unrest and anarchy at work among us. Our schools must foster this as their first duty and universal education must accompany uni versal suffrage. The duties of citizenship must be stressed no less than its rights. Rural Education. "The deplorable condition of our rural schools compels your immediate attention. Eighty per cent of our chUdren live in rural districts and for that rea son the problem of education becomes a problem of rural conditions. Kentucky has neglected her country chUdren. In many parts of the country, schools are taught in archaic buUdings, buUdings without proper equipment and often without suitable playgrounds. Rural teachers are so poorly paid that many counties have been unable to procure the required number of 101 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckiati teachers for their schools during the present school year. While the law fixes the mini mum salary at $45.00, the salaries paid to teachers in rural schools range from $35.00 to $70.00 per month, or from $210.00 to $420.00 per year The inevitable consequence of failure to pay a living wage has been to drive from the profession its best ma terial and already fewer young men and women are choosing teaching as a profession. State and county administration of public schools is subject to the un certainties and baleful influence of poUtics. Local support by local taxation in the various counties is uncertain, or lacking altogether, and school sentiment in many of them is fast disappearing. It is no ex aggeration to say that we are facing a crisis in rural education. Immediate relief must be furnished, or the doors of these schools, poor as they are, will be closed to the children of the State and the general cause of rural education seriously hampered and re tarded. Recommendations. "Your wisdom and patriotism will meet this situa tion in a way worthy of Kentucky. A survey com mission composed of trained educational experts 102 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian should be provided in order that we may know just where the trouble Ues and the way to remedy it. The State Superintendent of PubUe Instruction and cotm- ty school superintendents should be elected upon a non-partisan plan and then* offices entirely removed from poUtical influence. A constitutional provision should be submitted for the purpose of making the State Superintendent a statutory, rather than con stitutional officer, and it may be the part of wisdom to provide that both State and county superintend ents should be appointed rather than elected. The pay of the rural school teachers should be substantial ly increased and such a TniniTrmTn salary provided as wiU secure trained and competent teachers, and capa ble administrative county superintendents. To this end there should be enacted a law fixing such a mini mum levy in each county for school purposes as wiU provide increased pay for those in charge of rural schools and the proper maintenance and equipment of such schools. In this matter generosity is economy — saving, extravagance. Education is an investment, ignorance a tax. 103 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian Non-Partisan Judiciary. "The stain of politics too often besmirches the ermine of the judge. Political power and influence too often corrupt the very fountain head of justice. The bench must be placed above and beyond the power of partisan politics. To the end, that law shall be upheld, respected, obeyed and administered without fear or favor, appellate and circuit court judges should be elected under a non-partisan plan, without party emblem or designation. Fitness and qualifica tion alone should determine their selection. The man who opposes the removal of the judiciary from the slough of politics is not actuated by a conscienti ous desire for the administration of justice but is prompted alone by his own selfish aims and mean ambition. Woman Suffrage. "A government 'of the people, by the people' cannot and does not exist in a Commonwealth in which one-half of its citizens are denied the right of Suffrage. The women of Kentucky are citizens of Kentucky, and there is no good or just reason why they should be refused the full and equal exercise of 104 Appbovi:s6 the Suffrage Bm ' Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian the sovereign right of every free people — the ballot. Every member of this General Assembly is unequiv ocally committed by his party's platform declaration, to cast his vote, and use his influence for the immedi ate enfranchisement of women in both nation and State. Party loyalty — ^faithkeeping with the people, and our long boasted chivalry — all demand that the General Assembly of Kentucky shall break all previ ous speed records in ratifying the Federal Suffrage Amendment, and passing all measures granting po Utical rights to women. . . . Mob Violence. ' ' The people of Kentucky are opposed to mobs and mob violence, and do not desire to be served by a cowardly public officer who surrenders a prisoner at the demand of those who, crying out in the name of the law, disgrace and destroy law. A statute, in compliance with the constitutional amendment just adopted, should be passed providing for the auto matic removal of any peace officer or jailer who sur renders a prisoner at the unlawful demand of the mob. 105 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian Agricultural and Industrial Developments. ' ' Bountifully blessed by nature, favorably located geographically, Kentucky should, long ago, have taken gigantic strides in industrial and agricultural de velopments. To stimulate such development, sub stantial aid should be given for the purpose of ex tending the work of the State Agricultural Depart ment in carrying on and enlarging the scope of its various activities. "The work of the State University, particularly the departments of mining, engineering and agricul ture, should be enlarged and extended and modern equipment provided. The oil and gas industry is rapidly assuming commanding proportions and with proper encouragement and protecting legislation this industry should soon be a source of great wealth to the people of the State. It is highly important that both foreign and domestic capital shall be used in the discovery and operation of the various oil-bearing properties, and that such property shall be pre served by the enactment of proper laws regulating drilling, etc. This industry should be stimulated and encouraged, not hindered and hampered. A produc- 106 EDwrsr P. Mobbow — Kentuckian tion tax on oU, gas and royalties should be provided in Ueu of aU taxes when actual development has been secured. Labor. "The rapid industrial development of Kentucky requires that you look with particular care to the passage of laws, having in view the welfare of labor ; the securing of better working conditions and steady employment of the wage earner. To this end a sep arate department of labor should be created and given power to promote the employment of labor; to see to working conditions; to enforce laws against chUd labor; to secure safer and more sanitary working conditions and to co-operate with employer and em ployee for the good of both. GrOOD Roads. "The people of Kentucky are entitled to and are demanding good roads. Grood roads wiU produce good schools, good churches, better business and better citizens. They are the veins of the State through which course trade, commerce and business. Wise provision should be made for a constructive and for ward looking program contemplating the erection and 107 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian maintenance of a permanent system of highways into and through every county in Kentucky. Such a sys tem should be devised as to take advantage of the opportunity now offered by the Federal aid plan, and in every way the good roads movement should be stimulated and placed upon the most modern and successful basis. Taxation. ' ' The present tax law should be corrected and re vised in those particulars in which its actual opera tion has been shown to be imjust, unfair or unduly oppressive and proper legislation should be provided to meet and correct abuses, if any, in the manner and method of its administration and the power of the State Tax Commission to increase assessments made by local boards should be limited within reasonable bounds by provision for appeal by local boards to the Court of Appeals from the orders of the State Tax Commission requiring increased assessments. Public Health. "The Kentucky State Board of Public Health in the highly important and valuable work which it is performing should receive substantial aid in order 108 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian that the field of its activities shaU be extended. Pre ventable disease in a progressive community is due almost whoUy to neglect. Epidemics must be fought and regulated; tuberculosis must not be permitted without opposition to extend its deadly menace. It is a crime, with preventable means at hand, that any chUd should lose its vision through trachoma. The ever-growing menace of venereal disease must be frankly spoken of and courageously and scientifically met and destroyed. Additional iisssAGES. ' ' I have confined this message to legislation and re forms pledged by both political parties, approved by general public opinion and demanded by the wiU of the people expressed in the last election. In the near future I shall caU your attention to the State 's finan cial condition; to the needs, demands and conditions of the State's charitable and penal institutions and to other matters affecting the welfare and progress of the State. Kentucky stands at the parting of the ways — it must go forward or it must go backward. I am confident that in the discharge of your duties you wUl reflect the high character, inteUigence and 109 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian patriotism of your constituents, and will seek to give Kentucky the progress, growth and development so earnestly desired by the right thinking men and women of Kentucky. "He loves his country most who seeks to make it best" Respectfully submitted, EDWIN P. MORROW, Governor of Kentucky. January 6, 1920. Proclamation. "To the People of Kentucky, Greeting:— ' ' Our Father in Heaven has, during the past year, blessed us. His children, with peace within our borders; a bountiful yield from the soil of Mother Earth ; the preservation of our liberties, regulated by law; and the maintenance of our free public insti tutions. From our forefathers, through all the drifted years of our national history, we have at this season set apart a time of thanksgiving and prayer known as 'Thanksgiving Day,' which comes at the end of the harvest time. 110 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian "The fruitage of spring and summer has been gathered to assure us against the wants and rigor of winter. ' Thanksgi\-ing Day' — ^haUowed by the memory of our PUgrim Fathers, sanctified by years of observation, touches every heart vrith the tender memories of home and childhood and the recoUections of the loved and lost. It is the day the wanderer re turns home; when family ties, long broken, are re united; when hungry arms are fiUed with loved ones. "Therefore, in obedience to the custom of our fathers, and in grateful recognition of the watchful kindness of our Heavenly Father, I do by the power vested in me, proclaim Thursday, November 25, 1920, as a day of thanksgiving and prayer ; and I caU upon the people of Kentucky to suspend their daUy busi ness; to cease from their toU; and around the fire sides of home and the altars of their land to join to gether in prayers of thankfulness and gratitude to Him, who holds His chUdren in the hoUow of His hand, and who continues to bless them with His lov ing kindness." EDWIN P. MORROW, Governor of Kentucky. Published, Friday, November 19, 1920. Ill CHAPTER LS. Selected Addrzs-ses and Stories. Although the printed page but poorly reproduces the real, the artistic humor of story telling, or the pathos and eloquence of the personal address, there are given herewith a few selected extracts from what are considered the better known unofficial speeches and stories of Governor Morrow. In his poUtical utterances there appears time and again the figure of the constructive statesman and popular tribune of Kentucky. But in his inimitable dialogues of the "back country" one sees him at his best, a story telling genius from the foothills of the Cumberlands. Kentucky's Gifts to the Nation. (The Lincoln Day Speech.) Addr^s DeUvered by Edwin P. Morrow "There is no altar of national love or national serv ice on which Kentucky has not proudly laid her priceless gifts of head and heart, of soul and body. There has been no march of progress in which she did not share, no field of endeavor in which she did not 113 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian toil, no victory which she did not help to win, no de feat in which she did not suffer, and no star on the flag which she did not help to keep in its fleld of blue. "First begotten of the womb of the Union, first nursling at the ample breast of the motherland, she will be the last to desert or dishonor her. To teU the full story of Kentucky's gifts to the life and progress of the nation; to recount the lofty deeds or give the names of her distinguished sons, is im possible in the brief time now allowed. We can only sketch the mountain peaks of her influence. ' ' During the years of her terrible struggle for ex istence, even before her entrance into the Union, her hardy sons and noble daughters were leading the vanguard in the march of the nation's progress. They led in that march of civilization started by Boone and his companions when they threw them selves beyond the walls of the Appalachians and through the gaps of the Cumberlands, a march which was to lead on beyond the Missouri across the west ern prairies, 'beyond the frowning barrier of the Rockies, down to the lapping waves of the Pacific where now teeming cities light their lamps by the setting sun 'ere it sinks to rest in ocean's outstretch- 114 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian ed arms. ' Ah, pioneers of Kentucky ! Ah, wUderness road, crimsoned with blood, golden with romance and legend, your story wiU be told as long as history finds a pen, or truth a tongue. Boone I Kenton I Har- rod! Whitley! Logan I Your moccasined feet have left forever their imprint on the highroads of civU- ization. Kentucky is Lauded. "It was the Kentucky pioneer — 'those knights in buckskin' — ^who foUowed the vision-granted quest of George Rogers Clark, and starting from this spot, at the falls of the Ohio, pressed on through swamps and morass, through snow and ice, 'through diffi culties that immortalized endurance' to the walls of Old Vincennes, where they took from the sky the flag of England and gave the priceless jewel, 'The Northwest," to gUtter forever in the diadem of the new born repubUc. Sons of such sires, heirs of such traditions, it is no wonder that the sons and daughters of Kentucky have, in the life and thoughts and deeds of the nation, taken high place and rank, and given noble gifts to the nation. "To the cause of education she gave the first newspaper and the first Ubrary west of the Appal- 115 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian aehians, and was among the first states of the Union to imbed deep in the foundation of her government the American common free school. In the realm of states manship we point with pride to Beck, Breckinridge, Letcher, Carlisle and to Clay, the great compromiser, who stood with loving heart and lofty brain between the North and South to hold back for years the cruel waves of fratricidal strife. In jurisprudence we point to Nicholas, Boyle, Robertson, and Harlan, the great dissenter. In oratory, we point to Marshall, Menifee, and Clay, of the older school, and to Bradley and James, of the new. In surgery, we point to Mc- Dowell, the father of ovariotomy, and to Brashear, who first amputated the thigh at the hip joint. In journalism we point to Penn and Prentice, and to the greatest Roman of them all, our own 'Marse Henry,' who first, and for months alone, sounded that stirring bugle call which was at last to swell into the national chorus, 'To heU with the Hohen- 2:ollerns and the Hapsburgs.' Great Inventors. "In invention we point to John Fitch and James Humsey, who first mastered the principles of the steamboat, and to Barlow, whio invented the plane- 116 GovicRNOR Morrow at the Capitoe Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian tarium, and made a model of the first locomotive. In theology we point to Bascom, WaUer, Rice, and Alexander Campbell, who in the wilderness gave to religion a new faith now numbering thousands of followers. In art we point to Jouett, who, with cun ning brush, so truthfully delineated the human features as to almost make his canvas breathe and speak ; to Joel Hart, the sculptor, whose genius touch ed cold and formless marble to make it blush at its own loveliness. In poetry we point to O'Hara, who wrote an immortal elegy for all heroic dead. The Great Song. "To music Kentucky gave a deathless song, one which blends in its heart of melody the mysteries of twilight and moonrise, the glory of the breaking day, the tenderness of a universal mother crooning soft and low, the light of hearthstone fires, faces of those adored and visions of the loved and lost, a song that, speaking a universal language, tugs with memories' hands at the heartstrings of every wanderer as he listens to the call of the land of his birth in the tender, holy, beautiful strains of 'My Old Kentucky Home. ' 117 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian Golden Burley There. "To luxury and dreams the Bluegrass State has given its leaves of golden burley whose subtle spirit when 'released by fire steals into the fortress of the brain and binds fast the sentinels of grief and care.' "To the sport of kings, to thrill the hearts and tense the muscles of thousands of breathless specta tors, she has given the wild tattoo beat of the flying hoofs of Kentucky's thoroughbreds as they flash like light beneath the wire. To gladden and glorify the hearts of men Kentucky has given (when we had to) the perfect, gracious, beautiful gift — the roses out of Paradise — the women of Kentucky. The Supreme Gift. ' ' If there had been in all Kentucky but one travail of birth, and that in a miserable, pitiable log cabin; but one crooning love song to a babe held in the hol low of a mother's shoulder — and that mother, Nancy Hanks, and that babe, Abraham Lincoln — it alone would have been enough to make every foot of Ken tucky soil holy, sacred ground forever. From Bunker Hill to Chateau Thierry. ' ' In every struggle for our existence, in every hour of our country's supreme peril, from Bunker Hill to 118 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian Chateau Thierry, Kentucky has kept step and heart beat with the nation. In the Revolution the long rifles of the Kentuekians helped to circle King's Mountain with a ring of fire. In 1812 they died at the 'melancholy Raisin,' and under gaUant Richard Johnson they found revenge at the battie of the Thames. "At New Orleans they stood by the side of 'Old Hickorj'' and with xmerring aim shot the redcoats, where their white belts crossed above their hearts, imtU they broke and fled. On the lakes they furnish ed to victorious Perry more than one-fourth of his command. It is almost unbeUevable, but true, that in the total casualties of this war Kentucky suffered more than one-third. In Mexico they sanctified vrith their blood the fields of Cerro Gordo, Chapultepec, and sanguinary Buena Vista, where feU McKee, young Harry Clay, and gaUant Vaughn. In the great CivU War Kentucky furnished the commanders-in- chief of both armies — Lincoln and Davis — and to the two contending hosts she gave more soldiers than the total of her voters. Like plumed knights to lead the hosts of battle she gave Morgan and Wolford, Breck inridge and Rousseau, KeUy and Hanson, Duke and. 119 Edwin P. M.ob.row— Kentuckian Adams, and at the close she was the first State in the Union, by legislative enactment, to take back to her war-scarred breast her children — ^no matter whether they wore the gray or the blue. ' ' In the greatest, and we pray God it may be the last struggle for freedom, Kentucky, with a single loyalty, met every demand, filled every quota and oversubscribed her share of every Liberty Loan. Thank God, the old State gladly, proudly made the great sacrifice — ^flesh of her flesh, bone of her bone and core of her heart's desire, she sent her sons to meet like knights of old the great adventure. From the waters of the Cumberland she sent Howard Kinney to die like an eagle above the clouds for free dom; from the Bluegrass, lovable Reuben Hutch- craft to flU a hero's grave; from the proud city of Louisville, worthy followers of her old legion; and to the roll of the heroic dead she gave Humphries, noble hearted Charlie Gardner, gallant Humler and many another to find a grave in the land of Lafayette. " 'On Fame's eternal camping ground Their silent tents are spread, And glory guards with solemn round The bivouac of the dead.' 120 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian ' ' Tonight, thriUed with the memory of our glorious traditions and the recoUections of our deathless dead; in this hour consecrated by the memory of Abraham Lincoln, let us solemnly rededicate our selves to the service of our State. Let us solemnly determine that with the help of God the future of Kentucky shaU be worthy of her past. Let us highly resolve that our country shaU have our fuU devotion and the best service of our hearts and hands. In this spirit we send our greetings and divide our hearts with the sister states of the RepubUc. And for the welfare of aU we devoutly pray: " 'Lord of the universe ! shield us and guide us, Trusting thee always, through shadow and sun! Thou hast united us, who shall divide us? Keep us, oh, keep us, the many in one! TJip with our banner bright, S'prinkled with starry light; Spread its fair emblem from mountain to shore; "While through the sounding sky. Loud rinigs the nation's cry — Union and Liberty — one evermore!'" Louisville, Ky. Feb. 12, 1919. 121 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian Some of Morrow's Best Short Stories. The Old Judge's Charge. An old mountain circuit judge, who was a per petual candidate for re-election, always made the oc casion of instructing the grand jury an opportunity to please a court day audience which heard him. He always instructed in a narrative form, giving names, localities, and local color. On one occasion, after having discussed at length such crimes as murder, shooting and wounding, burgalary, etc., he said: "Gentlemen of the jury, a most hainous offense has been called to the attention of this court. You all know the Caney Fork Meetin' House and the godly men and women who assemble thar for worship. "Now gentlemen, the deacons and elders of that church in the goodness of their hearts, beholdin' the barrenness of the meetin' house yard, went down to the banks of South Fork and with great care selected eight or ten of the finest water maples growin' there on, and they brung them back and planted them in the meetin' house yard, expectin' them to grow and 122 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian flourish; and they was agrowin' and adoin' fine, but gentlemen, behold the perversity of mankind, from way over to Thunderstruck, there rode in four or five of the Buck and Hollister boys with cartridge belts around their middles, acarryin' wepins in their pockets and ignorin' the hitehin' post on the out side, they rid their beasts into the yard and hitched them to the aforesaid growin' trees, and whUe the congregation was singin' sweet songs of Zion, them thar beasts chawed aU the bark off of them thar trees and totUy destroyed them. "I say to you, gentlemen of the jury, that a man that would do the like of that would ride a jackass into the Garden of Eden and hitch him to the Tree of Life. IncUct 'em, gentlemen, indict 'em." Taking Precautions. "Everybody expects a Kentuckian to teU a feud storj'," Governor Morrow is quoted as having said recently. ' ' The thing has really been much overdone, but the storj' about Lige Parsons may be worth teU- ing. Lige dropped into the court house to see his friend, the county judge. " 'Howdy, Lige!' greeted the judge. " 'Howdy, Judge!' 123 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian " 'What's doin' down your way, Ligel' " 'Nothin', Judge, nothin'.' A few moments of silence. " 'T'other evenin' I was a-settin', a-readin' of my Bible, Judge, ' spoke up Lige, ' when some shootin ' begun. One of my gals said 'twas the Harris boys down by the middle pasture. Now, Judge, I didn't mind them Harris boys a-shootin', but I was afraid a stray bullet might hit a calf or one of the kids, so I picked up my rifle and dropped a few shots down that way and went back a-readin' of my Bible. Next mornin' I went down that way an' they was all gone 'cept four.' " The Plea of Old Silas. ' ' Mr. U. S. District Attorney : I war a republican storekeeper at the Big Spring Distillery in Russell County. "The Presidential election was at hand and the Democrats a workin' tooth and toenails. I rit to the Republican campaign charman askin' him to send me money and liquor with which to fight, but I got nothin' and thar cum in tlie Bertrams and thar folks a-scourin' the whole neighborhood for the Democrat 124 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian party, and I sez to mysef, sez I, this air liquor were made under a RepubUcan administration and I am a Republican storekeeper-ganger, and the welfare of this air country is at stake, and I went into that air wairhouse and tuck therefrom ten gaUons of Kain- tucky liquor and used it for the eternal good of the Grand Old Party. "Indite me, if you wUl, but I would ruther that my heart should feel the chiU of chains, than to see the American Eagle whupt by a Shanghai rooster." The Morning Star of Glory. ' ' It was during the latter part of the Harding-Cox campaign of 1920 that Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., and I were engaged in a speech making tour of the Kentucky mountains. On the head of the Poor Fork of the Cumberland River old Judge Turner was acting as our guide, and his provisions in the way of food and lodging had been most excellent. Being naturaUy a thirsty soul, he had not faUed to provide such other refreshments as the occasion seemed to demand. ' ' Singular as it may seem, on the morning of the Rocky Ford school speech he had found occasion to 125 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian visit the old brown jug once too often. As our little cavalcade came splashing up the creek, the Judge with a whoop and a holler, announced to the crowd gathered about the platform of the little school house that we had arrived. A cheer was returned, and in a moment we were surrounded by the throng with steaming mules and horses under saddle on every side. "Judge Turner, who led the way, climbed with evident effort on to the little platform and we fol lowed. Waving his hands above his head he turned to the crowd which suddenly became silent as the grave. For fully a moment he stood speechless while the excitement of the occasion visibly arose within him. Then turning to where we stood beside him, he shouted almost in hysteria, 'Boys, the Morning Star of Glory has bust in me. You talk to them, Eddie.' "Some time later, when it was certain that Mr. Harding had been elected to the presidency, I re ceived a telegram from Col. Roosevelt in which for want of a better and more expressive phrase he used the words of old Judge Turner." 126 Reducing The High Cost of Political Campaigns ^Tk' BusHNEix's Celebrated Cartoon WEST! ^-sE-S' TEL UNION KKinO AT 3=En— £:.< -.1 1050* lav 6 !?2C •Oiz -:.'-. fSATvCf."!,- ;rr -n£ UO.sii! v; :-AS 3F CLf'sr rt«3 ij=- IN M^ -iL< -? -r Sidelights on Kentucky Politics CHAPTER X. Chronology. 17— WiUiam McAfee Bradley, great-great-grandfather of Edwin P. Morrow, emigrated from Ireland to Vir ginia. Isaac Bradley, great-grandfather of Edwin P. Morrow, came into Kentucky on the WUderness TraU. Settled in Madison County. 18— WiUiam Alexander Morrow, grandfather of Edwin P. Morrow, migrated from northern Ohio into northern Kentucky. 1808 Robert McAfee Bradley, maternal grandfather of Edwin P. Morrow, bom iu Garrard County, Ken tucky, March 27. 1847 WiUiam O'ConneU Bradley, thirty-second Governor of Kentucky, and uncle of Edwin P. Morrow, bom in Lancaster, Kentucky, March 18. 127 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian 1877 Edwin Porch Morrow and Charles HaskeU Morrow, twins, bom in Somerset, Kentucky, November 30. 1883 Judge Thomas Z. Morrow, father of Edwin P. Mor row, defeated for Governor of Kentucky by James Proctor Knott. 1891 Edwin P. Morrow entered St. Mary's CoUege, a gen eral preparatory school at Lebanon, Kentucky. 1893 Entered Cumberland College, WiUiamsburg, Ky., and studied collegiate courses in literature, lan guages and public speaking. Became a member of the Cumberland College Debating Society. 1895 Stumped the State for his uncle, WUliam 0. Bradley, Republican candidate for Governor of Kentucky. 1898 Enlisted as a private in the U. S. volunteer army for the Spanish-American War, June 24. 1899 Was mustered out of the U. S. Army at Anniston, Alabama, with rank of Second Lieutenant, Feb ruary 12. 128 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian 1900 Entered the law school of the University of Cincin nati. 1902 Was graduated from the law school of the University of Cincinnati, with the degree of Bachelor of Law. Began practice of law alone in Lexington, Ken tucky. Took his first case, the defense of an al leged negro murderer, Moseby, and won. Stepped from obscurity into front rank of Kentucky bar. 1903 Married to Miss Katherine Waddle, of Somerset, June 18. Returned to Somerset, and was appoint ed city attorney. BuUt his home in Somerset. 1904 Became general attorney for the Bauer-Cooperage Company of Lawrenceburg, Indiana, ofSce in Somerset. His first chUd, a girl, Edwina, was born in Somerset. 1906 His second chUd, a boy, Charles Robert, was bom in Somerset. 129 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian 1910 Appointed U. S. District Attorney for the Eastern District of Kentucky by President William How ard Taft 1912 Repuiblican nominee for U. S. Senator from Ken tucky. Decisively beaten by OUie M. James, Democrat. 1913 Removed from office as U. S. District Attorney by order of President Woodrow Wilson. 1915 Nominated by the State Republican Convention at Lexington for Governor of Kentucky. Made his opening campaign speech at Bowling Green, Ky., September 6. Defeated by Augustus Owsley Stanley, Democrat, by a narrow margin according to official count of votes, November 2. Refused to contest Stanley's election. 1919 Named by acclamation at the Lexington convention of the Kentucky Republican party for Governor of the State. 130 Edwin P. Moebow — Kentuckian OUie M. James, U. S. Senator from Kentucky, died. George B. Martin, of Catletsburg, Ky., appointed to fiU the Senatorial vacancy by Gov. A. 0. Stanley. Martin's short Senatorial term expired. Governor A. O. Stanley, nominated and elected junior U. S. Senator from Kentucky, resigned as Governor of Kentucky. James D. Black, Lieut. Governor, became Governor of Kentucky, through the vacancy created by the resignation of A. 0. Stanley. James D. Black defeated John D. CarroU and others in the Democratic primary and became the nomi nee for the Governor of Kentucky. Morrow opened his campaign with a stirring speech at PikeviUe, Kentucky, September 8. Elected Governor of Kentucky on the RepubUcan ticket, defeating Governor James D. Black, No vember 2. Went to Frankfort, and in one of the most popular inaugurations in the history of Kentucky, was sworn into office as Governor by Chief Justice John D. CarroU, December 9. 131 Edwin P. MoBfeow — Kentuckian 1920 January 6. Addressed General Assembly in person. January 14. Appointed J. N. Camden, R. W. Hunter, Ernest PoUard, T. C. McDowell, and J. 0. Keene to Kentucky State Racing Commission; appointed Alvin S. Bennett, Clyde R. Levi, and Felix Dumas to the Workmen's Compensation Board. January 22. New State Board of Charities and Cor rections bill introduced in Senate following ap proval by Morrow. January 27. State Senate adopted Carter resolution asking Governor Morrow to submit list of 314 al leged useless State offices. January 28. Replied to State Senate in person re garding useless offices, saying that there were 354 useless offices which should be abolished, to save Kentucky $282,000. February 4. Mobilized guard to protect William Lockett, negro, c6nf essed child ravisher and mur derer of Geneva Hardman. February 5. Sent State troops from Covington to Lexington for Lockett trial. 132 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian February 7. Sent Federal troops from Camp Zach ary Taylor to Lexington for Lockett trial. February 8. State and Federal troops repulse Lex ington mob, killing five. February 9. Lexington placed under martial law by General Francis MarshaU. Locket tried, found guUty, and condemned to death in electric chair at EddyvUle. March 1. Addressed House of Representatives on new Budget BiU. March 11. WiUiam Lockett, negro, murder, electro cuted at Eddy^-iUe Prison. March 15. Xon-Partisan Judiciary BUl, promised by Morrow, passed by Legislature. March 17. Addressed Kentucky House and Senate, giving appreciation for administrative legislation passed. March 19. Vetoed Perry bUl increasing salaries for Jefferson Cotmty State officials. Joseph P. Byers nominated for Commissioner of PubUc Institutions by State Board of Charities and Corrections. 133 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian March 20. Signed bills abolishing Forestry as a State Department and reorganizing the Kentucky Geological Survey. March 24. Signed new budget appropriation bill for 1920-21. March 25. Addressed Louisvillians at Ballard Mills in Louisville on constructive legislation recently enacted. March 30. Accepted the Colors of the 84th Division in the name of the State of Kentucky, at Camp Zachary Taylor. April 1. Appointed Willard Rouse Jillson Director and State Geologist of the new (Sixth) Kentucky Geological Survey. April 2. Sent State machine gun troops to quell to bacco "Night Riding" disorder in Graves County near Mayfield, in reply to call from Circuit Judge Bunk Gardner. Adjutant General DeWeese ac companied the detachment. April 5. Granted pardons to George Alexander of Bourbon County and Pere Zannichilli of Floyd County. June 4. Appointed Ben WeUle of Paducah, Dem., E. S. Monahan of Jefferson County, Dem., H. 134 Edwin P. Mobbow — Kentuckian Green Garrett of Winchester, Rep., and H. H. Asher of PineviUe, Rep., members of State High way Commission. June 6. Boomed for Vice President of the U. S. at RepubUcan National Convention at Chicago. June 7. Stood by his campaign promises; flatly de nied his candidacy for the RepubUcan nomination of Vice President of the United States. June 29. Approved appointment of Joe S. Boggs of Richmond, Dem., as State Highway Engineer. June 30. Appointed Dr. R. S. Tuttle Executive Agent for the Game and Fish Commission. July 2. Verdict for $125,000 against the Common wealth for services as special attorneys in Bing ham inheritance tax smt awarded to James Gar- nett, Hite Huffaker and Robert Gordon by Jeffer son County Court. Case carried to Jefferson Cir cuit Court by Attorney General Charles I. Daw son upon direction of Governor Morrow, who as sisted in the defense. July 27. FormaUy notified Governor Calvin CooUdge of Massachusetts at Northampton of his nomina tion by the RopubUcan party for Vice President of the United States. 135 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian July 28. Captured thief in Hotel Waldorf Astoria, New York City. August 2. Issued formal statement declaring that age-old custom of carrying pistols in violation of the Kentucky Statutes must be stopped. Refused to grant any more pardons to "pistol toters." August 12. L. R. Davis, former warden Frankfort State Reformatory, appointed member of State Tax Commission, to succeed R. L. Greene, re signed. Col. W. H. Moyer, national prison reformer, formerly of Sing Sing Prison, New York, assumed control of Frankfort State Reformatory. August 18. Addressed mass meeting of Associated Republican Clubs of Massachusetts in honor of Gov. Calvin Coolidge, Republican nominee for Vice Presidency, at Newton, Mass. August 24. Issued proclamation seeting aside week of Sept. 19 to 25 as " Kindness to Animals Week. ' ' August 30. Ordered withdrawal of the Kentucky troops from the Tug River coal mining section of the State, quiet and order having been restored on the Pike Co., Ky., side. 136 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian September 1. Issued proclamation designating Sep tember 17 as Constitution Day. September 9. Acted as chairman at meting of Com mission to improve Frankfort as a Capital City. September 13. Offered reward of $500 for the ar rest and conviction of the murderer of iliss Lura Parsons, Pine ^Mt. Settlement School teacher, in Harlan County. September 24. Sent telegram to Interstate Com merce Commission urging immediate rescinding of Priority Orders numbers 9 and 16, which had almost completely tied up the coal industry of Kentucky. September 27. Issued proclamation setting aside October 9th as Fire Prevention Day. November 19. Conferred with President of Southern Appalachian Coal Association, the Hazard and Harlan Coal Association, relative to shortage of cars in Kentucky. Wired appeal for remedial orders to Interstate Commerce Commission. Proclaimed November 25 Thanksgiving Day for Kentucky.Addressed banquet in Frankfort given in honor of the election of Senator R. P. Ernst. 137 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian BIBLIOGRAPHY. Edwin Porch Morrow. 1900-02. The Morning Herald, Lexinigton, Ky. Daily news paper. 1914-20. The Frankfort State Journal, Frankfort, Ky. Daily newspaper. 1915-20. The Lexington Leader, Lexington, Ky. Daily newspaper. 1920. Th© Cincinnati Inquirer, June 7. Daily newspaper. 1920. Kentucky Directory for the Use of Courts, State and County Officials and General Assembly of the State of Kentucky, by Frank Kavanaugh, pp. 170, 171. 1920. . The Register of the Kentucky State Historical Society, Vol. 18, No. 52, pp. 9 and 10. One photo graphic portrait plate. Jan., 1920. 1920. Biennial Message of Ctovemor Edwin P. Morrow before the General Assembly of Kentucky, Ses sion of 1920, Jan. 6, 1920. 1920-21. Who's Who in America, by iMarquis & Co., Chi cago, p. 2039. William O'Connell Bradley. 1878. Biographical Encyclopedia of Kentucky. Publish ed by J. W. Armstrong & Co., ip. 727. 1895. Official Manual of Kentucky, by Mrs. M. B. R. Day, p. 185. 138 Edwin P. Moeeow — Kentuckian 1896. Biograiphical Cyclopedia of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, by John M. Gresham. (Chicago-Phila delphia.) John M. Gresham Company, publishers, pp. 573 and 574. One full page photographic portrait plate. 1897. Liawyers and Lawmakers of Kentucky. Published by 'Lewis Publishing Company, Chicago, 111., p. 551. 1906. National Cyclopedia of American Biography. Puib- lished by James T. White Company, New York. Vol. Xin, p. 12. 1916. Stories and Speeches of Wm. O. Bradley. Pub lished by Transylvania Printing Co., Liexington, Ky. 1916. Robert McAfee Beadlet. 1896. Biographical Cyclopedia of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, by John M. Gresham. (Chicago-Phil adelphia.) John M. Gresham Co., publisher, pp. 574 and 575. Biographical sketch. 1897. Lawyers and Lawmakers of Kentucky. Published by Lewis Publishinig Co., Chicago, 111., ip. 550. Jeremiah Morrow. 1893. National Cyclopedia of American Biography. Pub lished by James T. White Company, New York. Vol. Ill, p. 138. 139 INDEX Page Adams . _ 120 Additional Messages _ 109 Agriculture, Department of 85 Agriculture, Industrial Development. 106 Alabama _ _ 34 Allan, John R _ 40 Alexander, Geo _ 144 Anniston, Ala., _ — - 27, 128 Appalachian _ 114, 115 Asher, H. H. _ „ 135 Associated Republican Club _ 136 Axline, Bert 29, 31 B. BaUard, Lt, Gov. S. Thruston 52, 56 Barlow _ 116 Bastin 116 Bauer Cooperage Co _ 35, 129 Beck _ _ 116 Beckham, Gov. J. C. W.. 61 Bennett, Alvin S _ 132 Bertrams 124 Big Spring Distillery. 124 Black, Gov. James D.. „ 40, 41, 47, 49, 51, 131 Bluegrass 128 Bluegrass State _ 118 Boggs, Joe S „ _ 135 Boone 115 Boone, County ot 77 Bowling Green _ 37, 69, 130 Boyle 116 Bradley ~ 116 141 INDEX Page Bradley, Catherine Virginia 20 Bradley, Isaac 20, 127 Bradley, Robert McAfee 20, 21, 139 Bradley, William McAfee 20, 127 Bradley, William O'Connell 21, 24, 127, 128, 138 Breckinridge 114, 119 Breckinridge, W. C. P - 22 Bronston, Col. John 130 Brown, Gov. John Young 22 Bruner, Ben L 39 Buena Vista 119 Bunker Hill _ 118 Burley, golden, 118 Burton, Senator 55, 56 Byers, Jos. P 133 C. Camden, J. M 132 Campbell, Alex 117 Camp Zachary Taylor 50 Oaney Fork Meeting-House 122 Carlisle 116 Carroll, Judge John D 40, 52, 131 Carter Resolutions 132 Catlettsburg, Ky 39 Centre College 22 Cerro Gordo 119 Chapultepec 119 Charities and Corrections, Board of 56,- 132 Chateau Thierry 118, 119 Chicago Convention 62 Chief Executive 50, 95 Cincinnati Enquirer 59 Cincinnati Law School 33 Cincinnati, University of 27, 129 142 INDEX Page Civil War 22, 119 Civil War, President of times 51 Clark, George Rogers 115 Clay 116 Clay, Harry 119 Confederacy 22 Constitution 76, 77 Constitution of Kentucky. 77 Control, Board of _ 56 Coolidge, Gov. Calvin S 17, 135 Coolidge, V. Pres. Calvin S 23, 64 Corrupt Practice Act 72 Court of Appeals 76, 83 Covington, Ky _ 35 Crittenden, T. T _ 22 Cumberland 114 Cumberland College 25, 26, 33, 128 Cumberland River 125 D. Davis _. 119 Davis, L. R 136 Dawson, Atty. Gen. Charles 1 135 Day, Mrs. M. B. R 138 Democrats 55 DeW^eese, Adjt. General 134 Districts, Legislative and Senatorial 75 Duke 119 Dumas, Felix 132 E. Eddyville : - - 60 Education, Department of. 44, 84 England, Flag of 115 Epidemic - 117 Ernst, Senator R. P 137 143 . INDEX F. Page Fayette County 59 Federal Suffrage Amendment 105 Fire Prevention Day ¦ 137 Fitch, John 116 Fleming County 22 Floyd County 134 Forestry, State Department of 134 Frankfort 39, 42, 50, 59, 61, 93, 96, 137 G. Gallatin 77 Gardner, Charles 120 Garnett, James 135 Garrard County 21 Garrett, Green 135 General Assembly 56, 67, 75, 96, 105, 132 Good Roads 107 Gordon, Robert 135 Governor's Family 34 Grant County 55 Graves County 134 Greene, R. L 136 Gresham, Jno. M. & Co 138 H. Hanson 119 Hapsburg 116 Harding-Cox Campaign 125 Harding, Pres. Warren G .'. 63, 66 Hardman, Geneva 59, 132 Harlan ._. 116 Harris Boys 124 Harrisburg 19 Harrod 115 Havana, Harbor of 27 Henderson, Ky 36 Hermida, Peter 18 144 INDEX Page Highway, State 100 Hohenzollems 116 Holmes, OUver Wendell 28 Huffaker, Hite T 135 Humphries 120 Hunter 120 Hunter, R. W _ _... 132 Hutchcraft, Reuben _„ _ 120 L Inaugural Scenes 52 Ireland „ 20 J. James, Ollie M 36, 39, 130, 131 Jillson, W. R _ 134 Jones _ 116 Jones, Prof. Gorman _ 25 Judiciary, Non-Partisan _ 58, 85, 104 K. Kavanaugh, Frank 138 KeUy 119 Kenny, Howard 120 Kenton 115 Kentuekians 24 Kentucky 20, 21, 23, 31, 36, 38, 42, 44, 45, 49, 58, 59, 68, 78, 91, 100, 110, 121. Kentucky, Chief Justice of 52 Kentucky, Eastern District of. .„. 35 Kentucky Geological Survey 134 Kentucky, Gifts 114 Kentucky, Legislature of 75 Kentucky RepubUcans _ 36 Kentucky War Senate 23 Kindness to Animals Week. 133 King. J. O.— 132 King's Mountain _ 119 Knott, Gov. James Proctor _ 22 145 INDEX L. Page Labor 87, 107 LaFayette - 120 Lancaster 21 Lawrenceburg, Indiana .+ 35 Lebanon 24 Legislative Districts 77 Levi, Clyde R 132 Lexington 28, 29, 31, 32, 34, 42, 59 Lexington Convention 130 Lexington Herald 29 Liberty 121 Lincoln, Abraham 23, 118, 119, 121 Lincoln Day Speech 113 Lockett, Will 59, 60, 132, 133 Logan _ 115 LouisviUe 44, 48, 80, 121 Louisville Herald 63 Madison County 21, 127 Marquis & Co 138 Marse Henry 116 Marshall 116 MarshaU, Gen. Francis , 133 Martin, Sen. Geo. B 39, 131 Massachusetts 64, 136 Mayfield 134 Mayo County , 20 McCreary County, Ky _ 61 McCreary, Gov _ 61 McDowell 116 McDowell, T. C 132 McKee 119 Menifee 116 Mexico _ 119 Morgan 119 Morning Star of Glory 125 146 INDEX Page Morrow, Dwight _ 19 Morrow, Edwin and Charles 24 Morrow, Gov. Edwin P., frontispiece, 44, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 40, 41, 43, 47, 49, 50, 53, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 69, 78, 86, 93, 96, 110, 111, 113, 116, 123, 127, 128, 135, 138 Morrow Home _ 88 Morrow Inaugural _ _ 72 Morrow, Edwina HaskeU _ 34, 129 Morrow, Charles Robert..- __ 34, 129 Morrow's Plan _ 57 Morrow, Col. Charles HaskelL _ _ 22, 128 Morrow, Gov. Jeremiah _ 20, 139 Morrow, Thomas Zanzinger 22, 127 Morrow, WiUiam Alexander „ 127 Monahan, E. S _ 134 Moseby, WiUiam 29, 30, 129 Moss Highway BiU _ 58 Moyer. Col. W. H 134 Murrays _ _... 20 N. Nicholas _ 116 NicholasvUle ._ ^ 31 Night Riding 134 O. Ohio „ _. - _ 127 Ohio, FaUs oL_ _ 115 Old Commonwealth 68 Old Dominion „ „.—_ 20, 23 Old Hickory .„ _ 119 Old Kentucky Home, My _ 117 Old ' Vincennes 115 Owen County _ _ 77 147 INDEX p. Page Pacific _ 114 Paducah 37 Parker, Judge Watts 30 Parsons, Lige — 123 Penn 116 Pennsylvania 19> 20 Perry H^ Perry bill 33 Pike County, Ky 136 PikeviUe „ 40, 42, 45, 78 Pilgrim Fathers Ill Pine Mt. Settlement School 137 Political Cartoon _ 126 PoUard, Ernest 132 Pound Gap , 37 Prentice _. 110 Public Education, Supt. of _ 44 Public Health - 108 Public Instruction ~ 103 Public Service _ - 87 Pulaski 35 Q. R. Railroad Commission ^ 72 Raisin 119 Rateliffe, Jim _ „ 29, 31 Recommendations _. 102 Redistrieting Daw 71 Representative Districts _ 75 Republic 64, 74, 121 Republicans 55 Republican Party _ „ 23, 39, 71, 74, 78, 82 Republican Platform 73 Revolution , 19, 119 148 INDEX Page Rice :. 117 Richmond 135 Robertson 116 Rockies - 114 Rocky Ford School 125 Roosevelt, Col. Theodore 65, 125, 126 Rousseau ., 119 Rumsay, James _ 116 Rural Education 101 RusseU County - 124 S. Schools and Colleges 100 Scotch „... _ 22 Scotland - _ 19 Selected Addresses and Stories 113 Senate 55 Somerset _ 27, 30, 32, 33, 34, 36, 38, 49, 50 South Fork _ _ 122 Spanish American War _ 27, 33 Speed, Gen _ _ 23 Spencer County, Ky, _ — 76 Stanley Administration - 44, 81 Stanley, Gov. Augustus Owsley. 37, 38, 31, 61, 130, 131 State Resources - 86 State Tax Commission. _ 43, 83 State Text Book Commission 43 State University — — — _ _....„._ _ 106 St. Mary's CoUege 25, 33 Suffrage BiU, approving — -. 104 SummeraU. Gen _ _ - - 5" Supreme Court of Kentucky -.. "^^ 149 INDEX T. Page Taft, Pres. Wm. Howard -. , 35, 129 Taxation 108 Thanksgiving Day ~ 110, 137 Timmons, Prof. William 24 Tug River „ 136 Turner, Judge 125, 126 Tuttle, Dr. R. S 135 U. Union 114, 120 Union Army 22 U. S. Army, 84th Division 134 United States, Presidency of.. 62 United States, Vice-Presidency of 63 V. Vaughn 119 Vice-Presidential Boom 135 Violence of Mobs 105 Virginia „ 20 W. Waddle, Katherine 33, 129 Waddle, 0. H 33 Waller _ 117 Washington 30, 39 Weille 134 Whitley 35, 115 Wilderness TraU , „ 20, 23, 127 Williamsburg 25 150 INDEX Page Wilson, Pres. Woodrow 35 Wolford _ 119 Woman Suffrage 86, 99, 104 Wood, Prof. B. E _ 25 Workman's Compensation Law 72, 132 World War 46 X.Y. Z. ZanichiUi, Pere - 134 151 bi-Jgi h.