YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY '%¦ 1/7 J THE HISTORY OF CONCORD, FROM its FIRST GRANT IN 1725, TO THE ORGANIZATION OF THE CITY GOVERNMENT IN 1853, WITH. A HISTORY OP THE ANCIENT PENACOOKS. THE WHOLE INTERSPERSED WITH NUMEROUS INTERESTING INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES, DOWN TO THE PRESENT PEEIOD, 1855; EMBELLISHED WITH MAPS; WITH PORTRAITS OF DISTINGUISHED CITIZENS, AND VIEWS OF ANCIENT AND MODERN RESIDENCES. " This shall be written for tbe generations to come." s BY NATHANIEL BOUTON, Futor of the Pint Coognpilotut Chumh la Coward. CONCORD: PUBLISHED BY BENNING W. SANBORN. 1856. MoFABLAND & JENKS, PRINTERS. Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1855, Bt Nathaniel Bouton, In the Clerk's Office of the District Conrt of New -Hampshire. an Lie) LIST AND LOCATION OF ENGRAVINGS. 1. PORTRAIT OF THE AUTHOR, (facing title page.) pa or. 2. MAP OF CONCORD, (unbound — following title page.) 3. FIRST SURVEY OF HOUSE AND HOME LOTS 121 4. FACSIMILE OF PETITION, 1744, 152 5. THE BRADLEY MONUMENT 167 6. PLAN OF RUMFORD AND BOW, 207 7. VIEW OF LOG MEETING-HOUSE, 1727, 230 8. PLAN OF MAIN STREET, 1798, 297 9. THE OLD TOWN-HOUSE, 306 10. THE OLD NORTH MEETING-HOUSE 341 11. THE FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH 407 12. JUDGE UPHAM'S HOUSE 410 13. METHODIST MEETING-HOUSE, 413 14. SOUTH CONGREGATIONAL MEETING-HOUSE, 437 15. ST. PAUL'S CHURCH, 443 16. FIRST UNIVERSALIST CHURCH 447 17. NORTH CONGREGATIONAL MEETING-HOUSE 451 18. MAJ. DANIEL LIVERMORE'S, OR DR. BOUTON'S HOUSE, . . . .517 19. JACOB HOYT'S HOUSE 519 20. SNOW-SHOES, 527 21. OLD HAY-SCALES, 539 22. HOUSE OF SAMUEL COFFIN, ESO. ; THE ELM TREE, ... 548 23. VIEW OF THE STICKNEY HOUSE AND ELMS 549 24. VIEW OF THE ANCIENT WALKER MANSION 557 25. COUNT RUMFORD'S BIRTH-PLACE, WOBURN, MASS 570 26. PORTRAIT OF " THE COUNTESS," 572 27. THE " GAMBREL ROOF," OR BRADLEY HOUSE 576 28. PORTRAIT OF REV. ASA McFARLAND, D. D., 582 29^ PORTRAIT OF JONATHAN EASTMAN, ESO., 590 30. PORTRAIT OF COL. WM. A. KENT, 593 31. PORTRAIT GOV. ISAAC HILL 600 32. PORTRAIT OF MR. ABEL HUTCHINS, 603 33. VIEW OF FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, 611 34. VIEW OF PLEASANT STREET BAPTIST CHURCH, 618 35. PORTRAIT OF ISAAC DOW, ESO, 644 36. PORTRAIT OF CAPT. JOHN EASTMAN 647 37. PORTRAIT OF OLD MRS. ELLIOT, 651 38. PORTRAIT OF MR. BENJAMIN GALE 663 39. THE HERBERT HOUSE, 665 40. PORTRAIT OF MR. RICHARD HERBERT 668 41. PORTRAIT OF DEA. JOHN KIMBALL, 675 42. PORTRAIT OF MR. WILLIAM LOW, 678 43. PORTRAIT OF MR. ABIEL WALKER, 690 44. COL. BENJAMIN GROVER'S HOUSE, 743 TO THE INHABITANTS OF CONCORD 117 GErfKIUX; TO THE DESCENDANTS OF THE ORIGINAL SETTLERS, AND TO ALL WHO FORMERLY TTATl RESIDENCE HERE, BUT AEE ROW LOCATED IN DIFFERENT iECTIONB OT OUR COUHOTf COONTRT, THIS HISTORY IS VERY RE6PECTFULLY INSCRIBED, BT THEIH FBIEND, THE ATJTHOE. TO THE READER. In preparing this- History, I have availed myself of all the information I could gather — from whatever source — during a residence and ministry in Concord of more than thirty years. My attention was first directed to the subject of a history of the town, while collecting materials for a centennial discourse preached in November, 1830. Many of the facts embodied in this History were treasured up at the time of their occurrence ; others have been carefully collected from the recitals of aged citizens and others, well acquainted with the affairs of the town, and from newspapers of the current period ; but the greater part was derived from original records and docu ments in the office of the Town Clerk, the Secretary of State, or in the archives of the New-Hampshire Historical Society, and from choice family papers which have been generously placed in my hands. For the aid and encouragement I have had in prosecuting the work, I acknowledge my obli gations to my fellow-citizens, for the liberal appropriation of three hundred dollars, in March, 1853, towards the publication of portions of " the original Proprietors' and Town Records." I am under especial obligations to the Committee, at that time appointed, viz. : Hon. Nathaniel B. Baker, Jona than Eastman and Joseph B. Walker, Esqrs., for their counsel and coope ration ; also, to his Honor the first Mayor, General Joseph Low, and the City Council, for appropriating the sum of one hundred and fifty dollars, to procure maps and engravings for the illustration of the work.- I hereby express my particular obligations to all those who have communicated to me, verbally or in writing, information on various topics. Especially I am indebted to Bichard Bradley and Nathan Stickney,* Esqrs., and General Robert Davis, for valuable information relative to the civil affairs of the town, with which they have long been intimately acquainted; to Capt. Benjamin Parker and Stephen C. Badger, Esq., two experienced surveyors, for the exact description they have given of localities and distances — to the latter of whom belongs the honor of the beautiful and accurate Map of the City, which accompanies this History. I am greatly obliged to Moody Kent, Esq., for an account of the ancient trees which are the ornament of * Mr. Stickney deceased Oct. 29, 1855— an eminently useful, respected and honored citizen. See " List of Officers." 2 TO THE READER. our main village, and for many important facts respecting professional men who are deceased ; to William Prescott, M. D., for his contributions to the chapter upon Physical History; to Jacob Hoyt and George Abbot, Esqrs., Mr. Simeon Abbot and Mr. Benjamin Rolfe, for the entertaining incidents and anecdotes they have furnished relative to ancient times ; and to the gentle men who have aided me in the difficult work of preparing the genealogy ot families, whose names I have the honor to mention in that connection. The genealogy of the Eastman family was chiefly prepared by Rev. Darnel Lancaster, who also aided in preparing the account of lawyers, physicians and graduates. My acknowledgments are due to Hon. Chandler E. Potter, of Manchester, for friendly aid in furnishing me copies of original docu ments, and even more to a young lady of pur own city, for results of her careful researches into our Indian history, and for her cheerful services in examining and copying ancient papers and records. I owe many thanks to George Kent, Esq., of Bangor, Me., for some entertaining reminiscences of ancient men, who have passed off the stage, but whose "words" and "works" live after them. As I am, personally, so are all the readers of this History, indebted to the individuals who have gratuitously furnished views of residences or portraits of the distinguished citizens that adorn the pages of the volume. The cost of all the engravings executed expressly for this History and presented for insertion in it, amounts to more than seven hundred dollars. I have the honor to acknowledge the liberal dona tion of James F. Baldwin, Esq., of Boston, of twelve hundred lithographic prints of the " Rumford House," in Woburn, Mass., and also an equal number of copper-plate portraits of "the Countess," lately deceased. Whatever value may be attached to the engraving in front of the title, must be accredited to ladies of the parish, at whose request and by whose generous subscription it was procured. This volume is said to be the larg est and most costly original work ever issued from a New-Hampshire press. A discerning public need not be told to whom they are indebted for the superior style of typography in which the volume is presented to them. Last, but not least, the author is grateful to the compositors, for their patience and skill in decyphering much " bad copy." In the arrangement and execution of the work, I have aimed at perspi cuity, precision, impartiality and accuracy. That no errors will be found in it, would be almost presumptuous to expect. Some have already been detected, and marked as errata, which the reader is desired at once to cor rect. The work is arranged so as to correspond with the changes in the name and civil relations of the town, while the chronological order is observed. Each portion of the History is designed to be complete in itself. For example, the Indian History, the Proprietary History, the Bow Controversy and the Revolutionary Period, form each a distinct chapter and so of the rest. It will also be perceived that in the several decennial periods I have given in each chapter, 1. The Civil History of the Town authenticated by records ; 2. Miscellaneous matters, and, 3. A list of town officers within the same period. TO THE READER. 6 In preparing the index of names at the end of the volume, I have in tended to put down every name mentioned in the body of the work, from the Indian History to the beginning of the Genealogical Section, p. 619, except those in the List of Officers. Ii a reader wishes to ascertain what office a particular person held in the town, he must examine the list per taining to the period in which the person was engaged in the duties of civil life ; or, if one wishes to find a particular FAMILY name, he must turn to the Genealogy, and examine it in its alphabetical order. So of Lawyers, Physicians and Graduates. The Table of Contents in the first part of the volume will exhibit the leading subjects of each chapter and section. I have only to add, that as the preparation of the work has cost much labor, in addition to the duties of my profession, so it will afford me great pleasure, should it meet the reasonable expectations of my fellow-citizens ; especially, should it enhance our estimate of the privileges and blessings derived from the original proprietors and settlers of the town, and attach us more strongly to the moral and religious principles and habits which distinguished them. Verily, " Our lines are fallen unto us in pleasant places ; yea, we have a goodly heritage." Be it our aim, with the Divine blessing, to transmit it to future generations ! Nathaniel Botjton. Cokcord, N. H., 1855. Note. Upon a careful revision of the printed pages of this History, the author has discovered a number of errors — some of which it is very impor tant to correct They are all noted as " errata," on the last page of the volume, before the Index, to which readers are respectfully requested to turn and make the necessary corrections. Should readers discover other errors, they are requested to make them known to the author. His chief fear is, that he may be censured for the omission of facts of which he had no means of knowledge. In transcribing the Proprietors' Records, a few, mostly urdmportant, mis takes occurred, which will also be found corrected on the last page. The certificate from Jonathan Eastman, Esq., Proprietors' Clerk, entitles the printed Records to authority, as legal evidence. INTRODUCTION. The author begs leave to introduce the His tory of Concord to his readers, by requesting their attention to the beautiful and accurate Map which accompanies it, and to observe the boundaries, prominent localities and ob jects there laid down, a brief explanation and description of which here follows. Penacook was the ancient name of a tract of country extending along the Merrimack river about ten or twelve miles on both sides, from the Soucook, or perhaps Sun cook, to the Contoocook river, hut of undefined width from east to west.* The name in ancient re cords and documents is variously spelled ; — for example — Penny Cooke, Penny Cook, Pen- necooke, Pennecook, Pennicook, Penicook, Pen- kook. The late John Farmer, Esq., uniformly wrote it Penacook, and as the name, thus spoiled, is now incorporated into various pub lic works f of standard value, I have adopted the same orthography. Cohcohd, the modern name for the ancient Penacook, is at this time a city; the shire town of Merrimack County, and Capital of the State of New-Hampshire. It is situated near the centre of the State from east to west ; about fifty miles from the Atlantic coast, and the same distance to the Connecticut river. Its latitude is 43° 12' north ; longitude 5° 47' 30" east from Washington city, and sixty- two miles north, 22° west of Boston. Its boundaries and extent, as laid down on the map, are as follows : Commencing at the north-west corner, thence north 75° east, on Boscawen, 4 miles and 91 rods to the south east bound of Boscawen ; thence, commenc ing at the south-west bound of Canterbury, on the east bank of the Merrimack river, north 72° east, 3 miles and 124 rods: thence, on Canterbury line south 18° east, 192 rods, to Loudon line ; thence, the same course on Lou don line, 2 miles and 3 rods, to the ancient Bow gore ; thence, south 45° east, 2 miles and 284 rods, to the Soucook river} ; thence, the middle of said river to its junction with the * See Document for Chap. II., No. 1 ; com pare with p. 55. | See Farmer'6 edition of Belknap's Hist, of New-Hampshire ; his Genealogical Register, &c. J Some surveys make this line a few rods more, and Gome a few rods less. Merrimack ; thence, following up the Herri- mack river to the old Rumford line, about two miles and a half; thence on Bow, south 72° west, 4 miles and 134 rods ; thence, on Bow north, J8° west, 328 rods ; thence north, 17° west, on Hopkinton line, 3 miles and 251 rods, to Beach Hill road ; thence north 16%° west, 2 miles and 201 rods, to Contoocook river; thence north 15° west, 234 rods, to the first bound. More concisely, Concord is bounded nonh-westerly by Boscawen and Canterbury ; north-east by Loudon ; south-east by Pem broke ; south by Bow ; south-westerly by Hopkinton, and contains about 40,000 acres. LOCALITIES, WHICH ARE FREQUENTLY EEFEHRED TO Iff THE COUBBB OP THE H1STOBT. Names and description of Localities on the west side of Merrimack river. 1. Home-hill, is the name of the territory included in School District No. 1, lying north erly of Contoocook river ; — so called from the practice, in early times of the settlement, of turning young horses and cattle there to pas ture, in spring and summer. Oliver Hoit was the first settler there, in 1772. 2. Mut-iahd, on the Contoocook river, about a mile and a half from Horse-hill bridge ; so called from the heavy timber that used to be hauled thither from adjacent forests and rolled into the river, to be floated thence Into the Merrimack and down to the Atlantic ocean. Opposite Mast-yard, about a mile southerly, is Broad Cove, in School District No. 4. 3. Daoodt, or Dagodon Hill and Brook on or near the northerly boundary line be tween Concord and Boscawen;— so called from a man named Dagodon, who formerly resided there. The brook is famous for trout fishing Lieut. Marshall Baker, when a young man, on a fishing excursion to this brook in his haste to catch a large mess, took off las pants, tied a string around the bottom of the legs, buttoning the waist-band and opening them with sticks, set them for a fish-pot at the mouth of a little dam which he threw up : then driving the fish down the stream he caught in a short time about ninety fine trout, one weighing over three pounds. INTRODUCTION. 4. Within the Horse-hill territory, partly in Boscawen, is a Little Pond, sometimes call ed Catamount, abounding more with snakes and turtles than with fishes. 5. The Borough, School District No. 2, settled originally by the Elliots : now the res idence of old Mrs. Lydia Elliot, at the age of 102 years. Among the ancient men distin guished in this locality in former times, and known by their honorary titles, were " Gov ernor Elliot," " Lawyer Elliot," and " Judge ' Baker," grandfather of His Excellency Na thaniel B. Baker. 6. Hott's Brook, which crosses the road to Boscawen, about one mile south of Fisher- ville. 7. Beaver-meadow Brook, about a mile south of Hoyt'3 Brook. Near this is Beaver- meadow bog road to Horse-hill. 8. Sand-banks, about a half mile easterly from Hoyt's brook, where logB and timber were rolled into Merrimack river. Capt. Jo seph Pratt, of Orford, with a two-horse sleigh, drove off this bank one night, by accident, and, though precipitated to the bottom, es caped without material injury. 9. Horseino-downs, was the name given to a long, narrow neck of land, lying at the foot of sand-banks, on the east side, as the river formerly run, but since cut off by turning the river for the track of the Northern rail road ; better known now as Goodwin's Point. 10. Dubtin's Island, at the mouth of Con toocook river — the scene of the famous exploit of Mrs. Hannah Dustin, who killed and scalp ed her Indian captors. 11. Sewall's Island and Falls, so called from Judge Samuel Sewall, of Massachusetts, who formerly owned the premises. 12. Rattlesnake Brook, running from Long Pond through West village. 13. Rattlesnake Hill, so called on ac count of the snakes of this species that for merly had their dens here — well known now as Oranite Hill, about two miles north-west erly from the main village. 14. Parsonage Hill, so called from the eighty acre lot laid off to the parsonage right, west of Isaac Farnum's. 15. Long Pond. [See ponds, page 542.] 16. Pins Hill, belonging to the farms of Nathan K. and Jeremiah S. Abbot, west of Long Pond ; is estimated to be the highest point of land in Concord. 17. South and westerly of Long Pond is a range of hills, of which the highest is "Jer ry's Hill," so called from Jerry, or Jeremiah Bradley, who formerly owned the land. From the summit of this hill a grand and pictur esque view is had far to the north and east, taking in the Franconia Mountains, White Hills, Red Hill — and on the south-west the grand Monadnock. North of Jerry's is a hill having a large and curious cave on the south west side of it. 18. " Little Pond," or District No. 6, is so called from a small pond, situated north east of Nathan Ballard's, Esq. This neighbor hood was settled about 1789, by Nathan Bal lard, Nathan aud Henry Chandler, and Eben Fisk, on farms bought of the estate of Col. Paul Rolfe. 19. Beach Hill, on the westerly line be tween Concord and Hopkinton; — so called from the abundant beach wood there found. 20. Dihond's Hill, about four miles west erly of the main village, on Hopkinton road ; so called from Ezekiel Dimond, a large land owner, who formerly resided on or near the place where Joseph S. Abbot now lives. In 1828 Mr. Nathan Call moved a two-story dwelling-house, thirty by forty feet, on wheels, with forty yoke of oxen,. from Hopkinton to Concord.* In descending this hill, then much steeper than at the present time, he put three yoke of oxen before, and the remainder be hind, to hold back. It took four days to move the house— the distance was about five miles. 21. Ash Brook, running at the foot of Di- mond's hill, through the farm of Atkinson Webster, Esq., into little Turkey pond. 22. Fush Market, on the Hopkinton road, three miles from Main street ; origin of name not known. Long distinguished for excellent brick and earthen ware there manufactured. 23. Powell's Hook — at the ravine near the upper mills, in Millville ; so called from one Powell, a drummer, who lived near there. 24. Millville, a name recently given to the settlement where Moses Shute, Esq., re sides, including the house and land of Dr. Geo. C- Shattuck, of Boston : — which house was the first of brick in Concord, and was built by Jacob Carter, father of Jacob Carter, now Post-master. This house and farm were recently given by Dr. Shattuck for the pur pose of a Schoo'l, to be called " St. Paul's School." 25. Runnells' Mills, were situated on the stream from Great Turkey to Little Turkey pond, on the road to Stickney's Hill. For merly well known, these mills have fallen into entire decay. Sticknet's Hill, about a mile south-west of Runnells' mills, so call ed from settlers of that name. 26. Boo Road, running from Concord thro' the bogs of Turkey Pond to James Hall's ; thence to Dunbarton. Before reaching Mr. Hall's this road crosses Tury brook aud Pe ter's or BelaU brook, — the latter so called from former owners of land. 27. Rum Hill, including the high land N. westerly of road to Hopkinton, owned by Benjamin Gale and others, about a mile and a half from the State House ; so called from a drunken carousal and fight which took place there in early times, at a coal-pit. 28. Eleven Lots, extending, according to the first survey, from the residence of the late Countess of Rumford to near the old Bow line. 29. The Bend, (that is, in Merrimack riv er,) near the southern boundary line, and tak ing in a small section of Bow. On the bank at this bend is a beautiful view, north, of the Main village. 30. Iron Works, south-west part of the town, including Sen. District No. 18. In the Revolutionary War the ** Iron Works" were owned by Daniel Carter, Daniel Gale and Dr. Philip Carrigain. A forge was built in the lot easterly of the bridge which now crosses Turkey River, where iron was wrought from native ore. 31. Frog Ponds, on the interval east of the residence of the late Gov. Hill, who owned The premises and made various experiments to improve them. Name derived from the " se renades" of their principal inhabitants. 32. Hale's Point, the extreme point of land on "Ferry Road," by Richard Herbert's named from Joseph Hale, who in early times owned the land. From the "Point" across * This house now stands on the east side of State street, second house south of Pleasant street. INTRODUCTION. the river was formerly a ferry, extensively known as KimbaJPs Ferry. Hale's point was cut off by a great freshet about 1831, and the ferry is discontinued since the opening of the Free Bridge road. 33. Fort Eddy, about half a mile north of Hale's Point, on land owned by Richard Brad ley — opposite Sugar Ball. According to tra dition this was the location of an old Indian fort. 34. The Fan, a tract of land bordering the river, north of Fort Eddy ; valuable for natu ral mowing, and deriving its name from a fan cied resemblance in shape to a lady's fan. Chiefly owned by the late Abiel Walker. 35. Wattanummon's Brook, the princi pal feeder and outlet of Horse Shoe Pond on the east — crossed by a bridge, and so called from the name of an Indian chief* who owned and cultivated the land adjacent. There is an outlet from both ends of the Pond. 36. Horse Shoe Pond, at the head of Main street. [See Ponds.] 37. Wood's Brook, the little stream from " little pond," crossing the Boscawen road north of Richard Bradley's, and formerly turning the " dry saw vail," which was built there ; deriving its name from David Wood, original proprietor. 36. Paradise, about forty rods northerly from Wood's brook — so named from a beauti ful grove and the scenery around it, including a charming view of the interval and meander ing of the river on the east. It was owned by Capt. E. S. Towle. The grove being re cently cleared away, it may be called "Para dise lost." 39. Blossom Hill, a pleasant eminence, covered with a fine growth, opposite "Para dise." 40. The Gulf, or steep hill bridge, on. the main road to Boscawen, about twenty rods south of the railroad crossing, near Benjamin Farnum's. East of this Gulf is Farnum's Eddt, bo called from a current or whirl in the river. ~ 41. West's Brook, formerly "Meeting house Brook," rising in swamp land west of The State Prison, crossing Main street near the house of the late John West, senior — whence the name. The space between this brook and "Tan-yard Brook" was neutral ground between the north and south end boys. 42. Clay-Pith, and tan yard brook, which runs (under the road,) in the valley by Mr. Ivory Hall's house. The late Capt. Richard Ayer carried on an extensive tannery on the west side of the road ; and clay of good qual ity was formerly dug here. Opposite the tan- yard stood the old hay-scales^ and here was " the great elm tree," marked on the Plan of Main street. 43. Bow Brook, partly flows from Little pond, runs along by the new Jail and the In sane Asylum, and empties into Turkey river. 44. Free Bridge and Fret Bridge Road, across the Merrimack and interval, nearly opposite Center street.J This road was first opened and bridge built in 1839. * Often spelled Waternummon. See Chap. 1., Indian History. t See Chapter of Ancient Matters, p. 539. % See Free Bridges, p. 741. Localities on the east side of the River, begin ning on the northern line at Canterbury. I. Burnham'i Brook, running from Canter bury by Chandler Choate's to Merrimack river, opposite the eastern point of Rolfe's in terval. 2. Hackett's Brook, bo called from a man of that name who -once leaped across it, and then turning around, said to himself — " I H bet a mug of flip you can't do that again, Ilacketi." Then attempting to leap it again, as his feet struck the opposite bank, he fell backwards into the brook. The brook has its principal source in " Hot Hole pond," easterly on the Loudon line; empties into the Merri mack just north of Sew all's Falls bridge. On this stream is situated Lovejoy's Mills, so called, and also a saw-mill near its mouth. 3. Snow'i Pond, [see Ponds.] Oak HUl is a hi gb eminence east of Snow's pond, or north erly of Turtle pond. [See page 543, 544.] 4. Hot Hole Pond, [see Ponds.} 5. 6NAFTowN,theBection comprising School District No. 14, in the north-easterly part of the town, near Loudon line. The origin of the name is uncertain. One tradition is, that it is derived from a man by the name of Blanch- ard, who had a habit of snapping bis eyes, or winking quick : on which a woman re marked, that ''she should think all the chil dren in the neighborhood would 'snap.'" Another tradition is, that an early settler in the locality, thinking himself crowded by oth ers who moved in within half a mile of him, was cross, or snappish. 6. The Mountain, comprising School Dis trict No. 21, and extending from the dwelling- house of Jacob Hoit to the residences of Abra ham Bean and John L. Tallant. 7. Bower's Brook, crossing the road to the Mountain in the valley near Meshech Lang's ; origin of name not ascertained. 8. Turtle-town, comprising School Dis trict No. 15, derives its name from the large pond in that vicinity, which abounds with turtles. See " Ponds," page 543. 9. Apple-town, southerly of Turtle pond, supposed to derive its name from the abund ance and excellence of apples there raised. 10. Leather-lane, the section from the fork of the road to Apple-town, to the old burying-ground in the East village. 11. The Fort — including the East village — deriving its name from the ''Irish Fort," or from the garrison of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, which stood directly west of the residence of Israel W. Kelly, Esq. 12. Squaw Lot, westerly of Federal bridge. [See Indian History.] 13. Mill-brook, the outlet of Turtle pond, affording a fine water power in the East vil lage, on which the first saw and grist-mill were built, in Concord, 1729. 14. Death's Hill, on the Portsmouth turn pike, near the school-house on " Dark Plain," a short, steep ascent, which the road now runs around on the south and east side de rived its name from the circumstance that a traveller, with a loaded team from Ports mouth, was killed in going over it by a hogs head of molasses rolling from his wagon. 15. Sugar Ball, the first prominent Band bluff northerly of Kimball's Ferry, or Sam uel Clifford's residence, and opposite Fort Eady. On this, according to invariable tradi tion, stood the old Penacook fort. 16. Mount Pleasant, a high and steep INTRODUCTION. sand bluff, about eighty rods north-westerly I Rev. Edmund Worth, pastor of the Baptist of Sugar Ball, recently so called from the ex- l church, was settled there in 1845, and still re- tensive and beautiful view it aff6rds of the I mains. At this time there is no other settled interval of the Merrimack, and the main vil- i pastor. lage ; of hills of the West parish, and scenes I more distant. 17. Garvin's Falls, formerly the residence of the Garvin family, including a portion of the " southern Bow gore." In the ancient re cords it is known as the Penny Cook Falls, and not, as on the map, " Soucook Falls." 18. Head's Mills, on the Soucook river, near the old line of Concord, a little north of the old road to Pembroke, about two miles from Concord bridge. 19. " Placer," a favorite place of resort in the summer, at a great bend in Soucook river. Villages. Besides the foregoing localities, the reader will please observe that in Concord are four villages, or principal settlements, of which the first is the Main village, frequently called " the Street," from the circumstance that for merly the houses were all built on one main street, extending, as may be seen by the map, nearly one mile and a half. This village is the central place for business — containing, by estimation, a population of about 6.500 souls. PUBLIC BUILDINGS. Respecting the public buildings, some of which are also distinctly marked upon the map, the following description may here suf fice, beginning at the north end of main street. The Methodist General Biblical Insti tute, established and incorporated in 1847, occupies the " Old North Church," which was fitted up by the liberality of citizens of Concord, at a cost of about $3000, in 1846, and conveyed to the trustees of the Institute for the purposes of instruction. The first Professors in this Institution were Rev. John Dempster, D. D., Rev. Osmon C. Baker, D. D. , now a bishop in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Rev. Charles Adams. The pres ent Board of Instructors are Rev. Stephen M. Vail, A. M., and Rev. J. W. Merrill, D. D., and Rev. D* Patten, D. D. The number of students has steadily increased from year to year; in 1854 it was sixty-eight.* The old Town Hall and Court Ho toe was first built in 1792, and enlarged in 1823. This, together with the County building of brick, tenrchurc0h.sr™t S^en^avern^Tv- »«'" ¦» 1844. is soon to give place to the new and best kept in the State. Here, also, are the principal stores for trade, and shops for almost every variety of mechanical pursuit. 2. West, or West Parish Pillage, about three miles from the State House, is a place of con siderable manufacture of flannels and blank ets, and has a thrifty population. Here is a station of the Concord and Claremont railroad, meeting-house, two school-houses, a post of fice, and near the village, southerly, is the town farm and poor-house. 3. The East Village, extends from Federal bridge, north, to the vicinity of the meeting house. Here is a station of the Boston, Con cord and Montreal railroad, two stores, a meeting-house and two school-houses, with an industrious population of about three hun dred. 4. FishervUle, lies chiefly in Concord, about six miles from the Main village, on both sides of the Contoocook river, near its junction with the Merrimack. It derives its name from the Messrs. Fisher, of Boston — Freeman and Francis — who own the larger portion of the water power. It 1840 the population did not exceed one hundred ; it is now estimated at about fifteen hundred. In 1836 the Fishers erected the first mill, called the Contoocook mill, of stone, ninety-six by forty-two feet, five stories high. In 1846 the Penacook mill was built, three hundred by forty-eight feet, three stories high ; including the two wheel-bouses, the entire length is three hundred and seventy feet. In 1847 Dea. Almon Harris erected a stone mill on the north side of the river, sev- The State Prison, near the north end of Main street — first built in 1811-12, but greatly enlarged and improved — is mainly sustained by the labor of the convicts. The number in prison in 1854 was one hundred and five. Its present warden is William W. Eastman. [See annual reports of wardens.] The State House, which was commenced in 1616, and completed in 1819, stands about the middle of Main street. The grounds, ex tending from Main to State street, contain about two acres, beautifully ornamented with a variety of shade trees. The center of the building is fifty feet in front by fifty-seven in depth ;. the wings are each thirty-eight feet in front by forty-nine in depth; the whole making a parallelogram of one hundred and twenty-six feet in length, by forty-nine in width, with the addition of a projection in the center of each front of four feet. The outside walls are of hammered granite. The lot on which it stands is enclosed on two sides with a solid wall of hammered stone, about five feet high ; the front fences and gates are of iron castings, with stone posts and sills. The expense of building, including the land, the fence, and the furniture of the house, amounted to $82,000. In this building are a chamber for the Rep resentatives, with an arched ceiling rising thirty feet from the floor ; the Senate cham ber, eighteen feet in height; the Council chamber, and offices for the secretary and treasurer, the adjutant and attorney-generals, with a spacious room occupied as the State enty-five by forty feet, three stories, for the I lib,r,a,ryvt T , , . ... manufacture of woolens, &c. The vUlage is ! . The Cojntt Jail located near the junc- thrifty and growing; here are small factories jtion-of Pleasant and Washington streets, and machine shops of- various kinds; a post ¦»"«« on? "»'« west of the .State > House, was P hoot-houses, one on each erected in 1852, at a cost of §11,000. [See page 492. office, two large school-houses, one on each side of the Contoocook river ; here, also, is a _ _ flees or halls for worship. On the Concord lste"al Education, p. 2J1. side, east of the main road, the land was for- t See V- S66- I" JVote, for " Miscellaneous" merly owned chiefly by the Rolfe family. I read " Introductory." INTRODUCTION. The New-Hampshire Asylum for the In sane is situated on Pleasant street, upon an eminence half a mile south of the State House. As enlarged and improved since its first erec tion in 1841, it is a noble edifice — an ornament to the city and an honor to the State. The whole number of patients admitted since the opening of the institution in 1842, to June 1, 1855, is 1284. The present Superintendent is John E. Tvlxr, M. D. The Railroad Passenger Depot, located east and near the centre of Main street, is a large and commodious building, erected in 1849. In the second story is a spacious ball, together with convenient and even elegant rooms for offices. Near this building on the south is an extensive Freight Depot, and in the immediate vicinity are all the necessary buildings for engines and cars, and for ma chine and repair shops. At this general depot the following Railroads centre, viz.: The Concord Railroad, extending from Nashua to Concord, 34 % miles ; opened in Sept., 1842 ; whole =ost, $1,450,000. The Northern Railroad, from Concord through Franklin, to Connecticut river, 69 miles. The first section of it opened in 1846, and the residue in 1847 and 1848. The capi tal stock amounts to $2,770,000. Boston, Concord and Montreal Rail road, chartered in December, 1844, extends from Concord to the Connecticut river, through Haverhill, to Woodville, opposite Wells Riv er, in Vermont. This road was first opened as far as Sanbornton Bridge May 10, 1848 ; next to Plymouth, and then on to Warren and its present terminus, 99>£ miles from Concord. Capital paid in, $-.271,478. Every train in summer connects at the Weirs with the steamer Lady of the Lake, Capt. Wm. Walker. Concord and Clarehont Railroad, was incorporated in 1846. It extends to Bradford, a distance of 29% miles. Amount expended to April, 1853, was $698,258. Contoocook Valley Railroad connects with the Concord and Claremont at Contoocookville. Portsmouth and Concord Railroad, in corporated in 1845. Length of road, about 48 miles. BANKS IN CONCORD. Merrimack Countt Bank, first incorpo rated in 1826: renewed in 1845, with a capital of $80,000. Francis N. Fisk, President ; E. S. Towle, Cashier. Directors, 1855— Francis N. Fisk, Samuel Coffin, Nathan Sticloiey, Rwn- ard Bradley and Joseph B. Walker. Mechanicbi Bank, incorporated in _i»»- Capital, $100,000. Joseph M. Harper, of can terbury, President; Geo. Minot, of Concord, Cashier. Joseph M. Harper, Seth Eastman, JoBiah Minot, D. M. Carpenter, Ezra taner and George B. Chandler, Directors in we year 1855. _ . .,««>. State Capital Bank, incorporated IiJMi has at this time a capital of $150,000. S^1"1 Butterfield, President; Edson Hill, C™"' The present Directors a» — Samuel Butter- field, Enos Blake, Abraham Bean, Hall Hob- em, Asa Fowler, Robert N. Corning and Ebenezer Symmes. _ . ~. _ New-Hampshire Savings Bawn,ta Cob- cord, was incorporated in June, iwj. *o business is under the direction of eighteen trustees. Samuel Coffin, President ; Samuel Morril, Treasurer. In 1855 there were 7.834 depositors, and the "meaM" of the bank amounted to $402,704. The valuation of estates in Concord, made in the returns of the United States Census in 1850, was : Real estate, $3,015,286 Personal estate, .... 573.624 Total, $3,588,910 The growth of Concord in business and population since 1816, has been steady and healthful. The population in 1767 was 752 1820 was 2838 1775 " 1052 1830 " 3702 1790 u 1747 1840 " 4903 lfiOO .1 2052 1850 " 8584 1810 IC 2398 1855 estimat. 10.500 The number of names on the check-lirts of the several wards of the city, as first laid out in 1853, was as follows : Wardl. . . 184 Ward 5. .509 " 2. . . 282 " 6. . . 436 " 3. . . 136 " 7. . 301 " 4. . . 477 Total, 2325 TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. INDIAN HISTORY. FAGE. Five Principal Nations, 17 Penacooks — Fight with Mohawks, 18 Passaconaway, 21-26 Wonalancet, 27-30 Wanuchus — Montowampate, 30-34 Tahanto 34 Kancamagus, 37 Hope-Hood, 39 Wattanummon — Anecdote of Capt. Eastman, 40 Eight at Baker's River, 41 Mrs. Dustin, 42 Mr. Dustin — " The Father's Choice," 44 Squaw Lot — Peorawarrah's Gun, 46 Pehaungnn — The Last of the Penacooks 48 CHAPTER II. PENACOOK BEFORE SETTLEMENT BT THE WHITES. Sources of the Merrimack River, 1638, 49 Survey, 1652 — Inscription on Rock at " The Weares," 50 Petition from Dover and Newbury, .51 Order of Court, . .' 52 Petition from Chelmsford — from Salem 53 Petition from Inhabitants of Essex County, 1721, 53 Survey, 1722 — Petition, 1725, .' 55 "Irish People,"* 56 CHAPTER III. PLANTATION OP PENACOOK. — 1725 TO 1733. Proprietors' Records, . .' 57-121 Order of the Great and General Court 57-64 Admission of Settlers, 1725, 59 Letter of Rev. Christopher Toppan, 60 Letter of Rev. Samuel Phillips 61 Survey of House and Home Lots, 62 Journal of Committee, 64 Additional Grant, 1728, 64 List of Settlers, 68 Surveyors at Penacook, 66 Committee of New-Hampshire — " Warn Off," 68 Orders and Rules of Settlement, . . . \ 70 * ?ee Document, for Chapter II., p. 745. 10 TABLE OF CONTENTS. House and Home Lots — drawn, J2 Opposition from New-Hampshire Government, . . . . t . ¦ • VL Letter from Henrv Newman, Agent, zz Buildinga Block "House, 80-8& Second Division of Interval surveyed, sa Capt. Eastman's Team, driven by Jacob Shute, ?? Grant of Bow, by New-Hampshire, ?r Samuel Aver and Team, %i Rights forfeited — Delinquents 86~A_-7nn Committee to agree with a Minister, 8 9? First Saw-mill and Grist-mill 89-97 Call to Rev. Timothy Walker — Salary, &c 95-106 Laying out Burying-ground, "8 Ferrv, by John Merrill, 90-102 Blacksmith — Cutting Noyes, 101-114 Beniamin Rolfe, Clerk, 102 Petition for Town Rights — Order of Court, 95-104 School — Money raised for 106 Grist-mill and Saw-mill on Turkey River, 109-113 Mills on "Mill-brook" — Nathan Simonds, '. 112 Mill on " Rattlesnake Brook," 114 Henry Rolfe's Petition for Incorporation, 115 Names of Proprietors, 122 Explanation of " First Survey/' &c 121 of Second Survey, 125 " of " Twenty Acre Division," 127 of Emendation Lots, 128 of Eighty Acre Division, 128 Special Grants 128 State of Settlement, 1731. — Expenses, 128 Brief Notices of Proprietors, 132 CHAPTER IV. RTJMFORD INCORPORATED 1733 TO 1742. Act of Incorporation, 141 School. — Various Proceedings, 142 A House for Rev. Mr. Walker, 142 Essex County — Meeting-house repaired, 144 Garrison around Bev. Mr. Walker's Honse 144 Controversy between New-Hampshire and Massachusetts, 1740, . . .145 " The Crotch " — Meeting of Commissioners, 145-146 Decision of His Majesty 148 CHAPTER V. RUMFORD A DISTRICT. — 1742 TO 1750. Indian Hostilities — Jonathan Eastman's Wife taken, 151 French War — Louisburg \ j52 Petition — fac simile — Garrisons, &c, 125-fi The Massacre, 1746, ' jgy Notices of Persons massacred, 162 The Monument, Erection, Procession, &c, ' . ' . jgg Garrisons — New Arrangement, 174 Capt. Lovejoy's Mill — Petition, ' . -g Anecdotes — Philip Eastman, Estabrooks, &c, ".' 177 Dr. Ezra Carter's Petition — Abner Hoyt, " 17- Benjamin Abbot, Joseph Pudney, &c, ' 17a Reuben Abbot — Stephen Farrington, " ,„„ Capt. Lovejoy — Depositions, &c, ' 1 ai List of Officers from 1763 to 1749, '•"•'. 182 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 11 PAGE. CHAPTER VI. FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS, IN WHICH THE INHABITANTS OF RUMFORD TOOK AN ACTIVE PART 1754 TO 1760. Robert Rogers, John and William Stark, 189 Capt. John Chandler, 1754 — Capt. Joseph Eastman, 189 Capt. John GofFs Company, 1756, 191 Amos Eastman, Benj. Bradley, Stephen Hoit, 192 Fight at St. Francis, 1759, 193 David Evans, Nathaniel and Stilson Eastman 194 John Shute and Joseph Eastman, 196 " Bill Phillips," Daniel Abbot 202 Mr. Nutter, Enoch Bishop, 204 CHAPTER VIL CONTROVERST WITH BOW. — 1750 TO 1762. Grant of Bow— "Associates"— Plan, &c, 205-6 Suit against John Merrill — Defence 208 Assessment on Bow — Selectmen — Petition, 212 Rev. Mr. Walker first sails for England, 213 Petition to the King — Second Visit, 214-216 "Bow Act" — Inhabitants doomed, 217 Inventory by Selectmen of Canterbury, 219 Letter from Rev. Mr. Walker, 1762 220 King's Decision, 222 Settlement of Canterbury bounds, 226 Miscellaneous, Items, Anecdotes, &c, 230-38 Letters from Rev. Mr. Walker, 1754, '55, 231 Iron Crane 231 Timothy Walker, Jr.'s License to Preach, 232 Andrew McMillan's Store— "Old Ledger," 232 A Young Fawn — Wolves — Rattlesnakes 236-38 CHAPTER VIII. 1765 TO 1775. Incorporation of the " Parish of Concord," 239 " Bow Gores," — Concord — Name 242 First Legal Meeting, 243 "The School"— Phineas Virgin, 244-45 Petition of Selectmen of Bow, 245 Census of Concord — Town Proceedings, 246 Address to Gov. Wentworth, 248 Rumford, in Maine, 249 Miscellaneous Facts and Anecdotes — Slaves — Bears — Militia — Town Accounts, 249-59 List of Officers from 1766 to 1775, 259-62 CHAPTER IX. PERIOD OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. Benjamin Thompson — Battle of Lexington, 263-64 Congress at Exeter — Battle of Bunker Hill, 264 Capts. Hutchins, Abbot and Kinsman, 265 Census of Concord 266 New-Hampshire " Declaration of Independence," 267 Prisoners of War — Committee of Safety, 268-69 "Association Test" — Signers, 269 Oliver Hoit — Gun-powder — Tories arrested, 272 Col. Hutchins — Soldiers for Bennington, 274 Convention to form a Plan of Government, 276 12 TABLE OF CONTENTS. FACE. Currency — another Convention *n Article Eighth of the Confederation — Peace, 28J Miscellaneous Items and Anecdotes. „„ Small Pox — Andrew Stone's House — Lottery, jjjf .'. ' 284 Richard Potter and Dr. Carrigain, Death of Rev. Mr. Walker, 1782, Meeting- ¦ ,,„B-house — General Court, ^fa Annexation to Concord — Change of Nam'e, ~°° The New Constitution, 1783, ;r? List of Town Officers, &c, *°* CHAPTER X. 1785 TO 1795. Tucker's Ferry— "Call "to Jonathan Wilkins, 293 Laying out Main street — Plan — Map, 295 Paper Money — Federal Constitution, &c., 298 " Call" to Rev. Israel Evans 303 School Lot — Town House — Anecdote, 304 " Warning Out" — Revision of the Constitution, 307 Rev. Mr. Evans — "Minute-men," 308 Miscellaneous Items and Anecdotes. Dauphin of France— "Concord Herald," 309-10 Post-riders — " Clothes make Men," 310 Sacred Music — School — Stages, 312 List of Town Officers, . • 314 CHAPTER XI. 1795 TO 1805. Singing Society — Rev. Mr. Evans resigned, 319 " Call" to Rev. Mr. McFarland, 320 Anecdote of Capt. Ayer — " Oxford War, 322 School Districts — A Bell — Meeting-house 324 Annexing part of Bow lo Concord, 325 Burying-ground at Horse-hill, &c., 325-6 Miscellaneous Items and Anecdotes. Concord Bridge — Federal Bridge, .... 326 Persons drowned — Thunder Storm — Library — Fire, . . . 329 Blazing Star Lodge — Mill burnt — Post Office, 330 List of Town Officers, 330 CHAPTER X1T. 1805 TO 1815. New Map — Concord Bank — School Districts, .¦ 337 A Bell — Meeting-house — State street, 1809 — Swine, .... 340-41 Washington Street laid out — State Prison, 342 Extinguishment of Fires — War of 1812, 343 Disturbance at Town Meeting — Col. Kent 344 Scarlet Fever — Deaths — Lieut. Marshall Baker 345 Soldiers — Volunteers — Exempts, &c, 347 Miscellaneous Incidents. Maj. Chandler's House burnt — Mad Dog, &c, 349 Extraordinary Calf — Fire — Marriage — Capt. Roach, .... 350 Fourth of July, 1811 — " Shipping Memoranda"— Post-rider, . .351 Capt. Charles Emery's decease — Hannah Shapley — Fire, &c., . 353 Concord Price-current — Ephraim Farnum's son killed, . . , 354 Moral Society — Concord Female Charitable Society, . . . .354 Francis Thompson drowned, ' gjg List of Town Officers, &c, from 1805 to 1815, 355 TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER XIII. 1815 TO 1825. PAGE. Intermission " One Hour"— September Gale, 363 State House — Location — Ballots — Hearses 363 School Committee — Timothy Abbot's Land — Temperance — Bridges, 366 Town Expenses — Support of Poor — Lancasterian School 367 Cows and Sheep — Town House damnified— Suit, 368 Premium to Engine-men — Lease of Parsonage Lot, &c, 369 A new County — Schools — A History of the Town, &c., 370 Toll on the Sabbath — New-Hampshire Turnpike, 371 Miscellaneous Items and Anecdotes. Middlesex Canal — Cold Summer — White. Beans, 371 Benj. Thompson drowned — President Monroe's Visit, . . . 372 Mrs. Mary Calfe — Abigail Kimball — Hannah Bradley, . . . 373 Ebenezer Chickering drowned — Earthquake — Abel Hutchins' House burnt 374 Mad Dog — Transportation to Portsmouth — Fire Engine, . . .375 Freshet — Eagle on the State House — Sunday School, &c, . . 375-6 Steamboat — Dark Days — Col. McNeil, &c, 376 Card of Thanks — Episcopal Chapel — Meteor, &c, .... 378 Pres. Tyler's Election Sermon — Death of Mrs. Abigail Hoyt, &c, 381 Celebration of Fourth of July — Thunder Storm, &c, .... 382 Death of Rev. Joshua Abbot — Deaf and Dumb, 383 Large Hogs — Deaths in 1824 — Notes 384 CHAPTER XIV. 1825 TO 1835. Dr. McFarland's Resignation — Call to Rev. Nathaniel Bouton, . . . 385 Sale of Parsonage Lands — Meeting-house — Fourth of July, .... 386 Security against Fires — Poor Farm — Rocky Pond Lot, 389 Town Funds — Fire Buckets — Schooling for Poor Children, . . . .391 Bridewell — Horse-sheds — Cholera, 392 Laying out and naming Streets, 395 "Concord Directory," 1834 — List of Stages, 397 Miscellaneous Items and Anecdotes — ,[too numerous to be all men tioned, but to be mid.] Visit of Gen. LaFayette 399 Dedication of First Baptist Church — " Liquors," 40V Gen. Jackson's Victory — Death of Mrs. Harriet S. Bouton, . . 403 Death of Ezekiel Webster — Ordination of Rev. M. G. Thomas, 405 Park street — Judge Upham's house — Last Election Sermon, . . 410 Four Days' Meetings — Revival of Religion — Col. Ambrose killed, 412 Methodist Meeting-house — Escape of Convicts, 412 Visit of Gen. Jackson — Death of John Estabrook, .... 414 Mrs. Elizabeth Haseltine's death — Lydia Farnum's, 418 Mechanicks Bank — Prescott's Trial for Murder, 421 Death of old Mrs. Willey — New Prison, 422 CHAPTER XV. 1835 TO 1845. Speculation in Land — Security against Fires 423 Schools — Small-pox — West Parish Burying-ground, 424 Railroad Stock — Insane Hospital — Surplus Revenue, 425 Location of Insane Hospital — Railroads, &c 427 Concord Bank Failure — Cemetery — Keeping the Peace 428 Lot for Burying-ground, by Charles Smart — Police Regulations, . . . 430 Committee before Legislature — Reservoirs, 431 Question on abolishing Capital Punishment, 432 14 14 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Altering the Constitution — Parsonage Lot sold Miscellaneous Items and Anecdotes, numerous, entertaining and OI'Sre'^oQ_462 variety, • ¦ 433_^ CHAPTER XVI. 1845 TO 1853. Fire Department — Bowling-Saloons — Town Funds, **& Union School Districts — Support of Poor ™ Hall Burgin's Estate — Burying-ground, East-Concord, *°° Nuisances removed — Burying-ground, Millville, *"* Prohibiting the sale of Spirituous Liquors, ™* Col. Palmer's Resolutions — Reservoirs — Sickness, 1849, . . • • *°° Railroad Crossings — Fire Engine — Hearse, &c, i6~ Delegates to Constitutional Convention, **>° Tolling of Bells — Night Watch — License, &c., 469 Reservoirs — New Town House — Public Library, *70 City Charter — Last Town Proceedings — Town History, .... 471-2 Miscellaneous items and anecdotes relative to the period from 1845 to 1853, 472-498 ClTT OP CONCORD. City Charter — Vote on its adoption — First Election of City Officers, 499 Organization of City Government, 501 Address of the Mayor, &c, 502 List of principal Town Officers and Representatives from 1815 to 1853, 505-9 CHAPTER XVn. ANCIENT MATTERS. Grave-stones — Burials — Monuments — Vehicles, 510-13 Old Clocks — Dwelling-houses — Customs, .... * 514 Maj. Livermore's House — Ancient Wells, 517 Jacob Hoyt's House — Anecdote — Food — Drinks, 517 Cider — Flip — Toddy — Egg-nog — Liquors — Reformation, . . . 522 Ancient Furniture — Dress — Snow-shoes, 524 Work of Females — Hours of rising and retiring, 527 " Going to Meeting" — Old Men's Seat — Intermission 528 Ancient Horse-block — Singing — Musical Society, 530 Baptisms — Visiting — Amusements — Raisings, 533 Ancient Travel — Masting — Pork Barrels, 536 Ancient Pear-tree — Old Hay Scales, 538 DESCRIPTIVE AND PERSONAL, IN SECTIONS. No. 1. PHYSICAL HISTORY. Rivers — Merrimack, Contoocook, Soucook, ruQ Ponds — Turkey, Horse-shoe, Long, Little, Tnrtle, Snow, . 542 Intervals — " Dark Plains" — TJp-lands, ' £7* Granite — Anecdotes — Iron — Clay, ' g. . Quadrupeds — Birds — Reptiles — Fishes, ' ?7* Fruit — Ornamental Trees — Elms — Forest Tree6, ' Jy~ Climate and Temperature, ' ' ' g^r TABLE OF CONTENTS. 15 No. 3. BIOGRAPHY, IK THE ORDER OF DECEASE. PAGE. Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, 551-3 Dr. Ezra Carter, 553 Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., 555 Rev. Timothy Walker— Note — The Walker House 556 ¦•John Stevens 563 Jacob Shute, Andrew McMillan, " Mother Osgood," Florence McCaulev, 565-6 Rev. Israel Evans, 567 Ephraim Colby, the Wrestler 569 Sir Benjamin Thompson, or Count Romford, 570 Sarah, Countess of Rumford, 572 Hon. John Bradley — His Grandfather's Will — House, 573 Joseph Wheat, the Stage-driver- — Reuben Abbot, 577 Hon. Timothy Walker 579 Rev. Asa McFarland, D. D 582 Nathaniel Haseltine Carter, Esq., 584 George Hough, Esq., 587 Capt. Richard Ayer, 589 Jesse Carr Tuttle — Jonathan Eastman, Esq., 590 Stilson Eastman, 591 John Farmer, Esq., 592 Col. William A. Kent 593 Philip Carrigain, Esq., 596 Gov. David Lawrence Morril 598 Abiel Chandler, the Donor of Dartmouth College, 599 Gov. Isaac Hill 600 Mr. Abel Hutchins, 603 No. 3. ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY, IN THE ORDER OP ORGANIZATION. First Congregational Church 604 Friends' Meeting — Episcopal Church, 606 Methodist Episcopal Church 609 First Baptist Church 610 Second Congregational, or Unitarian Church, 612 West Congregational Church 613 South Congregational Church, 614 East Congregational Church — TJniversalist Society and Church, . . . 616 Freewill Baptist Church 617 Pleasant Street Baptist Church, 618 Christian Baptists, 619 Second Advent Society, 619 Besides the foregoing, there is a Baptist, Congregational and Methodist Church in Fisherville ; also a TJniversalist Society. NO. 4. GENEALOGICAL. HISTORY OR REGISTER OP FAMILIES THAT SETTLED IN CONCORD, MOSTLT PREVIOUS TO 1800, ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED IN TWO CLASSES, VIZ. . First Class, furnished wholly or in part by individuals, .... 619-701 Second Class, copied from Town Records, 701-17 [These names are too numeroua to be repeated. Any particular name must be looked for under the family head.] 16 TABLE OF CONTENTS. No. 5. PROFESSIONAL HISTORY, „„. Including, (1.) The names of all the Lawyers who are known to have practiced in Concord, arranged in the order of their graduation, or of entering their profession, . . • 718-723 (2.) The names of all Physicians who have resided or practiced in Concord - «4-729 No. 6. The names of Graduates at College from Concord, 729-736 [As the List of Professional Men and Graduates may be easily referred to and examined, it is deemed unnecessary to repeat tbem, either here or in the Index of Names. J No. 7. Miscellaneous Matters, 737-745 Printing, 737 — " Election Day," 738 Ministers who have preached the Election Sermon, .... 739-40 Concord Literary Institution — Boating Company, . . . 740-41 Free Bridges — Col. Grover's House, 741-42 Carriage Manufacture 742 Contest about an old Gun, 744 Indian remains — remarkable discovery, 745 No. 8. Documentary and Statistical Chapter, 745 Document for Chap. II., (see p. 56,) . 745 Documents for Chap. HI., IV, V., VI., VII., VOL, . . . 746-47 Act of Incorporation of the Parish of Concord, 747-49 Names of Grantees of Rumford, Me., 749-50 Documents for Chap. IX., — Prices of Articles, &c, . . . 750-51 Names of Concord Men in the Revolutionary War, . . . 751-53 Bounties paid to Soldiers in the Revolutionary War, .... 753 Soldiers killed, or who died in the War, 754 Soldiers who lived and died in Concord, belonging to other towns, 754 Documents for Chap. IX. and X., 755 Names of Men from Concord in the War of 1812-15 — Doc. No. 1, Chap. XII., p. 347, — Doc'ts for Chap. XIII., pp. 369, 547, 550, 755 Catalogue of Fishes, 756 STATISTICS. Monies raised at different periods 756 Rate for Rev. Mr. Walker's Salary, 1755-6, 757 Town Rates for 1778, 758 Table of Division of Parsonage Fund, from 1830 to 1853, . . . . ' . 760 School Statistics for 1855, . , 761 Schools and School-masters, g ygo Post-masters in Concord — Military and Field Officers, . .'.'.'.'.' 763 Captains in Military Companies, 764 Adjutants with the rank of Captain, ' 705 Table of Mortality in Concord, 1825 to 1853, ".'.'.'. 766 Deaths by Consumption, " »g» Persons deceased eighty years of age or upwards, ' 767-69 Criminal Statistics of Concord for the year ending February 1, 1854 ' . 770 Report of the Police Justice, ' " »-- Extracts from a Diary kept by Benjamin Kimball, ' 77i_7<> Extracts from the Meteorological Register, kept by Wm. Prescott M i> r?<» The "Dark Day," Friday, May 19, 1780, . . . . . . ..'.'' Lti Snow that fell in Concord, from September, 1841, to June, 1853, .'.',' yif. Errata — Proprietors' Records, ' ».* Index of Names, ' Li* INDIAN HISTORY. CHAPTER I. The history of the Penacooks, a powerful Indian tribe that formerly occupied this soil, is full of interest. Our sources of information concerning them are much more reliable than is commonly supposed. Some things are merely traditionary : others are authenticated by ancient historians, and by official documents on record or on file, both in the Secretary's office of Massachusetts and of New-Hampshire. At the first settlement of New-England, there were five prin cipal nations of Indians. 1. The Pequots, of Connecticut; 2. The Narragansetts, of Rhode-Island ; 3. The Pawhunnawkuts, in the south-eastern parts of Massachusetts, including Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard ; 4. The Massachusetts, situated about tho Bay ; and, 5. The Pawtucketts, which, says the historian Daniel Gookin, 1674, " was the last great sachemship of Indians. Their country lieth north and north-east from the Massachusetts, whose dominion reacheth so far as the English jurisdiction or colony of the Massachusetts doth now extend ; and had under them several other smaller sagamores ; as the Pennakooks, Agowames, Naamkeeks, Pascataways, Accomintas, and others. They were a considerable people heretofore, about three thousand men, and held amity with the people of Massachusetts. But these were almost totally destroyed by the great sickness that prevailed among the Indians, (about 1612 and 1613,) so that at this day they are not above two hundred and fifty men, beside 2 18 INDIAN HISTORY. women and children. This country is now inhabited by the English, under the government of Massachusetts."* That the Penacooks occupied the soil which is now Concord, all historians and public documents agree. The name itself is thought to indicate the locality; for Penacook means, the crooked place ;"f having reference to the broad sweeps and wind ings of the Merrimack as it flows through the township. Here, when first known by the English, were the head-quarters of the Penacooks, under a powerful chief whose name was Passacona- wat, and who extended his dominion over subordinate tribes, along the river, from the Winnepissiogee to Pawtucket Falls, and as far east as the Squamscots and Piscataquay.f In 1631, Gov. Thomas Dudley, in his letter to Lady Lincoln, estimates the Indians under Passaconaway, along the Merrimack, " at four or five hundred men." On the east side of the river, upon a bluff called " Sugar Ball," northeast of the main village, and in full view, was an ancient Indian fort. Tradition has so preserved and fixed the identity of this location with " Sugar Ball," that it is presumption, at this time, to call it in question. Near the fort, a little to the north, is the spot which probably was their ancient burying-ground — as a considerable number of human skulls and bones have been dug and ploughed up, or washed away by the rains, and been picked up on the side ,or at the bottom of the bank.§ At this fort, according to tradition, there was once a terrible fight between the Penacooks and Mohawks. The traditionary * Gookin 's Hist of Indians. Mass. Hist. Coll., vol. 1, p. 147-9. 1st aeries. f'From Pennaqui, (crooked,) and Auke, (place,)— a name strikingly appropriate to their fertile grounds embraced witbin the folds of the Merrimack at Concord." Hon. C. E. Potter. X For a more minute notice of Passaconaway, the curious reader is referred to Hon. C. E. Potter's account, in the Farmers' Monthly Visitor, vol. 12, No. 2. He there shows that Passa- conaway's name is on the famous Wheelwright Deed of 1729, and which Mr. P. does not believe to be a forgery. In the same article Mr. P. adventures the opinion that the Concord Indian fort was on the south side of Sugar Ball intervale— an opinion which we cannot entertain for a moment, in opposition to clear, unbroken, invariable tradition. The widow of the late Benjamin Kimball, now 88 yeare of age, who has lived on the said interval m than sixty years, points to the north bluff as the only eupposablo location of the fort Robert Bradley, Esq., of Fryeburg, a native of Concord, now 83 years of age, says " the tradY always and invariably was, that the old Indian fort stood on Sugar Ball,_the Sand Bl ff the east side, nearly opposite his brother Richard's house." ' 0n $ Several of these skulls and bones are now in the possession of Hon. Chandler F P of Manchester, a native of Concord, who has made diligent researches into our Ind' V °tter' THE PENACOOKS. 19 account of this fight accords so exactly with what Gookin says of the Mokawks, that its correctness can hardly be questioned. In his history, 1674, he says : " These Mdquas are given to rapine and spoil : they had for several years been in hostility with our neighbor Indians, as the Massachusetts, Pawtucketts, Pennacooks — and in truth, they were in time of war so great a terror to all the Indians before named, though ours were far more in number than they, that the appearance of four or five Maquas in the woods would frighten them from their habitations and cornfields, and seduce many of them to get together in forts ; by which means they were brought to such straits and poverty that had it not been for the relief of the English, doubtless many of them had suffered famine. * * * * The Maquas' manner is, in the spring of the year, to march forth in parties several ways, under a captain, and not above fifty in a troop. And when they come near the place that they design to spoil, they take up some secret place in the woods for their general rendez vous^ — then they divide themselves into small parties, three, four or five — and go and seek their prey. They lie in ambushments by the path-sides in some secure places, and when they see pas sengers come, they fire upon them with guns ; and such as they kill or wound, they seize on and pillage, and strip their bodies ; and then with their knives take off the skin and hair of the scalp of their head, as large as a satin or leather cap ; and so, leaving them for dead, they pursue the rest, and take such as they can prisoners, and serve them in the same kind." The tradition of the bloody battle between the Penacooks and Mohawks is substantially this : The Mohawks, who had once been repulsed by the Penacooks, came with a strong force, and encamped at what is now called Port Eddy, opposite Sugar Ball, on the west side of the river. Thence they watched their prey, determined either to starve the Penacooks, by a siege, or to decoy them out and destroy them. Having gathered their corn for the season, and stored it in baskets around the walls of their fort, the Penacooks, with their women and children, entered within and bid defiance to their foes. Frequent skirmishes occurred between individuals of the parties. If the Penacooks went out of the fort, they were sure 20 INDIAN HISTORY. to be ambushed ; if a canoe was pushed off from one bank of the river, others from the opposite side started in pursuit. Some time had thus passed, and no decisive advantage was gained by either side. The Penacooks dared not adventure a fight in the field, nor the Mohawks to attack the fort. After a day or two of apparent cessation from hostilities, a solitary Mohawk was seen carelessly crossing Sugar Ball plain, south of the fort. Caught by the decoy, the Penacooks rushed out in pursuit : the Mohawk ran for the river. Band after band from the fort joined in the chase, till all were drawn out and scattered on the plain, when the Mohawks, who had secretly crossed the river above, and by a circuitous route approached in the rear, suddenly sprung from their hiding-place and took pos session of the fort. A shriller war-whoop than their own burst on the affrighted Penacooks : they turned from the chase of the solitary Mohawk, and long and bloody was the battle. The Penacooks fought for their wives and. children — for their old men — for their corn — for life itself; — the Mohawks for revenge and for plunder. On which side the victory turned, none can tell. Tradition says the Mohawks left their dead and wounded on the ground ; and that from that fatal day the already reduced force of _the Penacooks was broken into fragments, and scattered. A diversity in the sculls which have been dug up in the ancient bury ing-ground has induced the belief, that in it the dead of both the savage tribes were promiscuously buried. What remains to be said of the Penacooks can best be nar rated in connection with the biography of their principal chiefs or sagamores, as gathered from authentic historical documents. Over the track of the Concord and the Northern Railroad, at this time, (1853,) are daily seen running three powerful engines, named Passaconawat, Wonalancet and Tahanto. A stran ger to our history reads these names with wonder, and asks their origin. We are almost proud to answer, They are the names of three of the noble chiefs of the Penacook tribe — tried friends of the English in prosperity and in adversity — and one of them a bold advocate of temperance, against lawless traffickers in rum. These names are almost the only visible mementos of the race that has perished from our soil. PASSACONAWAY. This name is supposed to mean in the Indian tongue, " the child of the bear," from Papoeis, child, and Kunnaway, a bear. How far the name corresponds with the character of the famous sagamore, must be judged by the sequel.* The ancient historians, Wood, Thomas Morton, and Hub bard, all agree that he was regarded with the highest venera tion by the Indians, on account of the wonderful powers which he possessed. He was a Powow, sustaining at once the office of chief, priest and physician, and having direct communication with the Great Spirit. Wood, in his " New-England Prospect," says : " The Indians report of one Passaconnaw, that hee can make the water burne, the rocks move, the trees dance, meta- morphise himself into a flaming man. Hee will do more ; for in winter, when there are no green leaves to be got, he will burne an old one to ashes, and putting those into the water, produce a new green leaf, which you shall not only see, but substantially handle and carrie away ; and make of a dead snake's skin a living snake, both to be seen, felt and heard. This I write but upon the report of the Indians, who confidently affirm stranger things." Thomas Morton writes : " If we do not judge amisse of these salvages in accounting them witches, yet out of all question we may be bound to conclude them to be but weake witches : — such of them as wee cal by the name of Powahs,f some correspon dency they have with the Devil, out of al doubts, as by some of their accions in which they glory is manifested ; — Papasiquineo, *¦ Hon. C. E. Potter, on Indian names. Farmers' Visitor, (Language of Penacooks,) Vol. 13, No. 11. f Pow'ahs are said to be " witches, or sorcerers, that cure by the help of the devil." After Rev. Mr. Elliot began to preach to the Indians with success, " divers sachems and other principal men amongst'them, met at Concord, Ms., in the end of Feb. 1646, and agreed " that there shall be no more Powwowing amongst the Indians. And if any shall hereafter Powwow, both ho that shall Powwow and he that shall procure him to Powwow shall pay -20s. apiece.'' 22 INDIAN HISTORY. that sachem or sagamore, is a Powah of great estimation amongst all kinde of salvages ; — there hee is at their Revels — (which is the time when a great company of salvages meete from severall parts of the Country, in amity with their neighbours) hath advanced his honor in his feats or jugling tricks, (as I may ngnt tearme them,) to the admiration of the spectators whome he endeavored to persuade that he would goe under water to the further side of a river too broade for any man to undertake with a breath, which thing hee performed by swimming over and de luding the company with casting a mist before their eies that see him enter in and come out, — but no part of the way hee has been seene ; — likewise by our English, in the heat of summer, to make Ice appear in a bowle of faire water ; — first having the water set before him, he hath begunne his incantations according to their usual accustom, and before the same has bin ended a thick clowde has darkened the aire, and on a sodane a thunder clap hath bin heard that has amused the natives ; in an instant hee hath showed a firme piece of Ice to flote in the middle of the bowle in the presence of the vulgar people, which doubtless was done by the agility of Satan, his consort." Such was the reputation of Pas- saconaway, when first known by the English. He seems to have exercised his powers in vain against the Enghsh, on his first acquaintance with them : at least, he had the sagacity to perceive that opposition would be not only useless but ruinous : and hence he showed himself friendly, and sought in various ways to conciliate their favor. In 1632, he delivered up an Indian who had killed a white man by the name of Jenkins, who went into his country to trade. In 1642, upon an alarm of an Indian conspiracy from Connecticut, the government of Mas sachusetts sent a force of forty men to disarm Passaconaway. Failing to reach his wigwam, on account of a violent rain, they entered that of Wonalancet, his son, and seized him, together with his squaw and child. Tying him with a rope, they led him along ; but Wonalancet, watching his opportunity, slipped the rope and made his escape into the woods. The court fearing that this unjust assault upon the family of Passaconaway would provoke his displeasure, sent a messenger to apologize to him and invite him to come to Boston and speak with them : whereupon he THE PENACOOKS PASSACONAWAY. 23 made the manly reply — " Tell the English, when they restore my son and his squaw, then I will come and talk with them." Notwithstanding this provocation, Passaconaway cherished no resentment ; but desirous of peace, " about a fortnight after, he sent his son and delivered up his guns " to the authorities. In 1644, Winthrop says, " Passaconaway and his son desire to come under this government. He and one of his sons subscribe the articles ; and he undertook for the other." Soon after this, Winthrop again records, " Passaconaway, the Merrimack sachem, came in and submitted to our government." At this period Passaconaway was an old man — his age vari ously estimated from eighty to one hundred. Hitherto he had stood aloof from Christian instruction, and from all the usages of civilized fife. But the famous John Elliot, known as the Apostle of the Indians, had previous to this gathered companies of praying Indians in various places in Massachusetts, and in pursuance of his apostolic labors, in 1647, he visited Pawtucket Falls, (now Dracut,) where he met Passaconaway with two of his sons. The result of this and a subsequent interview in 1648, is thus told by Elliot himself, under date of Nov. 12, 1648. " This last spring I did there meet old Papassaconnaway, who is a great sagamore, and hath been a great witche in all men's esteem, (as I suppose yourself have often heard,) and a very politic, wise man. The last year he and all his sons fled when I came, pre tending feare that we would kill him : But this year it pleased God to bow his heart to hear the word ; — I preached out of Mal- achi 1 : 11, which I thus render to them : ' From the rising of the sun to the going doion of the same, thy name shall he great among the Indians ; and in every place prayers shall be made to thy name, — pure prayers, — -for thy name shall be great among the Indians.' * * * * After a good space this old Papassacon naway speak to this purpose — ' That indeed he had never prayed unto God as yet, for he had never heard of God before as now he doth :' and he said further, ' that he did believe what I taught them to be true ; and for his own part, he was purposed in his heart from henceforth to pray unto God ; and that he would per swade all his sonnes to do the same,' pointing at two of them who were there present, and naming such as were absent. His sonnes 24 INDIAN HISTORY. present, especially his eldest sonne, (who is a sachem at Wad- chusett,) gave his willing consent to what his father had prom ised, and so did the other, who was but a youth : And this act of his was not only a present motion that soon vanished, but a good while after said that he would be glad if I would come and live in some place thereabouts and teach them ; and that if any good ground or place that hee had would be acceptable to me, he would willingly let me have it." Again, 1649, Elliot writes : " Papassaconnaway, whom I men- tioned unto you the last yeere, who gave up himself and his sonnes to pray unto God, this man did this year shew very great affection to me, and to the word of God ; he did exceedingly earnestly, importunately, invite me to come and live there and teach them ; he used many arguments, many whereof I have for gotten ; but this was one, ' that my coming thither but once in a yeere did them but little good, because tJiey soone had forgotten what I taught, it being so seldom, and so long betwixt the times ;' further he said, That he had many men, and of them many nought, and would not believe him that praying to God was so good, but if J would come and teach them, he hoped they would believe me .- He further added, ' That I did, as if one should come and throw a fine thing among them, and they earnestly catch at it, and like it well, because it looks finely, but they can- ' not look into it to see what is within it, and what is within, they cannot tell whether something or nothing, it may be a stock or a stone is within it, or it may be a precious thing ; — but if it be opened and they see what is within it, and see it precious, then they should believe it — so, (said he,) you tell us of praying to God, (for so they call all Religion,) and we like it well at first sight, and we know not what is within, it may be excellent, or it may be nothing, we cannot tell ; but if you would come unto us, and open it unto us, and show us what it is within, then we should believe that it is so excellent as you say.' * * * " Such elegant arguments as these did he use with much grav ity, wisdome and affection ; and truly my heart much yearneth towards them, and I have a great desire to make an Indian Towne that way." Of Passaconaway we hear but little more till 1660. He THE PENACOOKS PASSACONAWAY. 25 seems to have been at the Penacook fort, which was visited by Maj. Waldron, of Dover, in 1659 ; but in 1660 he met the Indians subject to his authority, with their sachems, at Pawtucket Falls, and there made to them his farewell speech. An English man was present, probably Daniel Gookin, " who was much conversant with Indian affairs along the Merrimack," and who was a witness of the scene. The substance of the speech, as reported by Hubbard, was this : " I am now ready to die, and not likely to see you ever met together any more. I will now leave this word of counsel with you, that you may take heed how you quarrel with the English ; for though you may do them much mischief, yet assuredly you will all be destroyed and rooted off the earth, if you do : for I was as much an enemy to the English on their first coming into these parts, as any one whatsoever ; and I did try all ways and means possible to have destroyed them ; — at least to have prevented their sitting down here ; but I could no way effect it, [meaning by his incantations and sorce ries,] therefore I advise you never to contend with the English nor make war with them." With a freer rendering of this Farewell Speech of the Great Sachem, we may imagine that the venerable old man, tremulous with five score years, stood in a circle of a thousand of his chil dren and said : " Hearken to the last words of your dying father : I shall, meet you no more. The white men are sons of the morn ing, and the sun shines bright above them. In vain I opposed their coming : vain were my arts to destroy them : never make war upon them : sure as you light the fires, the breath of Heaven will turn the flames to consume you. Listen to my advice. It is the last I shall ever give you. Remember it, and live !" It is a sad conclusion of the noble old chief's history, that two years after this — his tribe reduced and scattered — his possessions encroached upon on every side, his physical force abated, and waiting only to die, — he was obliged to petition the General Court of Massachusetts in these humiliating terms : " The humble request of yr petitionr is that this honord Courte wolde pleas to grante vnto vs a parcell of land for or comforta- able cituation, to be stated for our Injoyment ; as also for the comfort of oths after vs ; as also that this honerd Court wold 26 INDIAN HISTORY. pleas to take into yr serious and grave consideration the condi tion and also the request of yr pore suplicant, and to a poynte two or three persons as a Committee to [assist] sum one or two Indians to vew and determine of some place and to Lay out the same, not further to trouble this honored Assembly, humbly crav ing an expected answer this present session I shall remain yr humble servante Wherein yu Shall commando Boston, 9 : 3 mon. 1662. Papisseconewa." The order of the Court upon this petition is as follows, viz. : " In answer to the petition of Papisseconneway, this Court judg- eth it meete to grant to the saide Papisseconneway and his men, or associates about Naticot, above Mr. Brenton's lands, where it is free, a mile and a half on either side Merrimack river in breadth, three miles on either side in length, provided he nor they do not alienate any part of this grant without leave and license from this Court first obtained." This grant included two small islands near Thornton's Ferry, now known as Reed's Islands. The whole tract afterwards reverted to the government, and was granted in 1729 to John Richardson, Jos. Blanchard, and others. Here, however, probably Passaconaway closed his long and eventful fife, in weakness and poverty, but a firm friend to the English, and praying to God. The date of his death is unknown. Drake says, there can be no doubt that he was dead some years before Phillip's war. His son Wonalancet was chief of the Pen acooks in 1669, and his dying charge — as this son testified — was : " Never be enemies to the English ; but love them and love their Grod also, because the Grod of the English was the true Crod, and greater than the Indian gods." Passaconaway left four sons and two daughters, viz. : Nana- mocomuck, sachem of the Wachusetts ; Wonalancet, sachem of the Penacooks ; Unanunquoset ; Nonatomenut ; a daughter that married Nobhow, and a daughter that married the sachem of Saugus. WONALANCET. Thouqh Wonalancet was the successor of Passaconaway as sagamore of the Penacooks, yet his history belongs as much to Amoskeag, Chelmsford or Pawtucket as to Concord.* In his pacific temper and friendliness to the English, he resembled his father ; but his life seems to have been one of trial, disappoint ment and sorrow. He was wronged by the whites ; distrusted by the Indians ; a wanderer in the wilderness, in unknown but re mote places from Penacook ; at one time a prisoner at Dover ; for many years under the watch and supervision of Col. Tyng, of Chelmsford ; and at last he died, like his father, in poverty. The first notice we have of him, as connected with Penacook, is in 1670 : " He moved to Pawtuckett and built a fort on the heights southeast of the river." Hutchinson thus notices this event : " The Penacooks have come down the river and built a fort at Pawtuckett Falls. They were opposed to Christianity, and obstinately refused to pray to God. They joined in the expedition against the Mohawks, and were almost all destroyed. Since that time the Penacooks were several of them become pray ing Indians." In 1674, Wonalancet embraced the Christian faith. His con version was regarded as an event of great importance, of which Gookin gives the following account : " May 5, 1674, Mr. Elliot preached from Matt. 22 : 1-4, the marriage feast. We met at the wigwam of one called Wonnalancet, about two miles from the town, near Pawtucket Falls, and bordering on Merrimack river. This person Wonnalancet is * * a sober and grave person, and of years between fifty and sixty. He hath always been loving and friendly to the English. Many endeavours have been used several years to gain this sachem to embrace the * See Hon. C. E. Potter's notice of Wonalancet, in Farmers' Visitor, 1852. 28 INDIAN HISTORY. Christian religion ; but he hath stood off from time to time, and not yielded up himself personally, though for four years past he hath been willing to hear the word of God preached and to keep the Sabbath. A great reason that hath kept him off, I conceive, hath been the indisposition and averseness of sundry of his chief men and relations to pray to God; which he foresaw would desert him, in case he turned Christian. But at this time, May 6, 1674, it pleased God so to influence and overcome his heart, that it being proposed to him to give his answer concerning pray ing to God, after some deliberation and serious pause, he stood up, and made a speech to this effect : " Sirs, you have been pleased for four years last past, in your abundant love, to apply yourselves particularly unto me and my people, to exhort, press and persuade us to pray to God. I am very thankful to you for your pains. I have all my days used to pass in an old canoe, (alluding to his frequent custom to pass in a canoe upon the river,) and now you exhort me to change, and leave my old canoe, and embark in a new canoe, to which I have hitherto been unwilling : — but now I yield up myself to your advice, and enter into a new canoe, and do engage to pray to God hereafter." Brother Elliot was desired to tell this sachem, " that it may be, while he went in his old canoe, he passed in a quiet stream — but the end thereof was death and destruction to soul and body : But now he went into a new canoe, perhaps he would meet with storms and trials ; but yet he should be encouraged to persevere, for the end of his voyage would be everlasting rest." Since that time, says Gookin, " I hear this sachem doth persevere, and is a constant and diligent hearer of God's word, and sanctifieth the Sabbath, though he doth travel to Wamesit meeting every Sabbath, which is above two miles ; and though sundry of his people have deserted him since he subjected to the gospel, yet he continues and persists." During the period of Phillip's War, as it is called, 1675, Won alancet, to avoid being involved in any way in the war, withdrew with his men from the banks of the Merrimack into the woods which excited the suspicions of the English ; and messencers were dispatched to search him out and invite him back. The THE PENACOOKS WONALANCET. 29 Court of Massachusetts assured him of a safe pass, if he would come back ; but " he could not be persuaded on to return, but travelled up into the woods still further, and kept about the heads of Connecticut river all winter, where was a place of good hunting for moose, deer, and other wild beasts, and came not either to the English, or his own countrymen, our enemies." Gookin says, that about the time Wonalancet withdrew into the woods, " Capt. Mosely, with a company of about one hundred soldiers, was sent to Penacook, where it was reported there was a body of Indians ; but it was a mistake, for there were not above one hundred in all of the Penacook and Namkeg Indians, whereof Wonalancet was chief. When the English drew nigh, whereof they had intelligence by scouts, they left their fort and withdrew into the woods and swamps." But under these circum stances Wonalancet evinced his friendly disposition to the Eng lish ; for he would not allow his men either to lie in ambush, nor in any case to shoot at them, although the English burned their wigwams and destroyed some dried fish. Returning from his retreats, in 1676 he went to Dover, and submitted himself, with his men, to Maj. Waldron. He also brought back from captivity six English captives — a Widow Kimball and her five children, of Bradford — whom, it seems, he was the means of saving alive, after they had been condemned to death, and fires made ready to burn them. This year, also, Wonalancet and his men were, according to order of the court, placed near Mr. Jonathan Tyng's, at Dunstable, and under his inspection. He also resided next year awhile on land which had been granted him, at Chelmsford, and there he conducted him self, says Gookin, like " an honest Christian man, being one that in his conversation walks answerably to his knowledge. He prays in his family, and is careful of keeping the Sabbath ; loves to hear God's word, and sober in conversation." Being par ticularly friendly to the minister of Chelmsford, Rev. Mr. Fiske, it is said that Wonalancet called on him after his return, at the close of the war, and asked him " if the town had suffered much from the enemy." Mr. Fiske replied, " they had not, for which he desired to thank God." " Me next" said Wonalancet, with a smile, concious of the influence he had exerted. 30 INDIAN HISTORY. The last we hear of Wonalancet was in 1697, when he was again placed under the care of Jonathan Tyng, and the General Court allowed £20 for keeping him. The time and place of his death is unknown. But he never committed an act injurious to the Enghsh. WANUCHUS, THE DAUGHTER OF PASSACONAWAY; OR, "THE BRIDAL OF PENACOOK." The following story is related by Thomas Morton, in his " New English Canaan," 1632:* " The Sachem, or Sagamore of Sagus, made choise, (when hee came to man's estate,) of a Lady of noble discent, Daughter to Papasiquineo, the Sachem or Sagamore of the territories neare Merrimack River — a man of the best note and estimation in all those parts, (and as my Countryman, Mr. Wood, declares, in his prospect,) a great Nigromancer. This Lady the younge Sachem, with the consent and good liking of her father, marries, and takes for his wife. Great Entertainment hee and his receaved in those parts at her father's hands, where they weare fested in the best manner that might be expected, according to the Cus- tome of their nation, with reveling, and such other solemnities as is usuall amongst them. The solemnity being ended, Papasi quineo causes a selected number of his men to waite upon his Daughter home ; into those parts that did properly belong to her Lord and husband — where the attendants had entertainment by the Sachem of Sagus and his Countrymen. The solemnity being ended, the attendants were gratified. *See Hist. Tracts, by Peter Force, vol. ii., 1838. THE BRIDAL OP PENACOOK. 31 " Not long after, the new married Lady had a great desire to see her father, and her native country from whence shee came. Her Lord, willing to pleasure her, and not deny her request, (amongst them) thought to be reasonable, commanded a selected number of his owne men to conduct his Lady to her Father, where, with great respect, they brought her ; and having feasted there a while, returned to their owne country againe — leaving the Lady to continue there at her owne pleasure, amongst her friends and old acquaintance : where she passed away the time for a while, and, in the end, desired to returne to her Lord againe. Her father, the old Papasiquineo, having notice of her intent, sent some of his men on ambassage to the younge Sa chem, his sonne-in-law, to let him understand that his daughter was not willing to absent her selfe from his company any longer ; and, therefore, (as the messengers had in charge,) desired the younge Lord to send a convoy for her ; but hee, standing upon tearmes of honor, and the maintaining of his reputatio, returned to his father-in-law this answere : that when she departed from him, hee caused his men to waite upon her to her father's terri tories, as it did become him ; but, now shee had an intent to returne, it did become her father to send her back with a convoy of his own people ; and that it stood not with his reputation to make himself or his men so servile to fetch her againe. The old Sachem, Papasiquineo, having this message returned, was in- raged, to think that his young son-in-law did not esteeme him at a higher rate than to capitulate with him about the matter, and returne him this sharpe reply ; that his daughter's bloud and birth deserved no more respect than to be so slighted, and, therefore, if he would have her company, hee were best to send or come for her. " The younge Sachem, not willing to under value him selfe, and being a man of a stout spirit, did not stick to say that he should either send her, by his owne Convey, or keepe her, for hee was not determined to stoope so lowe. " So much these two Sachems stood upon tearmes of repu tation with each other, the one would not send her, and the other would not send for her, lest it should be any diminishing of honor on his part, that should seeme to comply, that the Lady (when I 32 INDIAN HISTORY. came out of the Country) remained still with her father ; which is a thinge worth the noting, that Salvage people should seeke to maintaine their reputation so much as they doe." ' The poet Whittier has made the above story the foundation of a beautiful poem, called the " Bridal of Penacook," whom he names " Weetamoo ;" and the Sagamore-groom he calls " Win- nipurkett." The real name of the bride was Wenuchus, or Wanunchus, and of her husband, Montowampate. His English name was James, brother of John, of Lynn. Governor Dudley, in his letter to the Countess of Lincoln, March 12, 1631, says : " Vpon the river of Mistick is seated Saggamore John, and vpon the river Sawgus> Saggamore James, his brother, both so named by the English. John is a handsome young [a line missing,] conversant with us ; affecting English Apparell and howses? and speaking well of our God. His brother James is of a perworse disposition, yet repaireth often to us. Both theis brothers com mand not above thirty or forty men, for aught I can learne. Near to Salem dwelleth two or three families, subject to the Saggamore of Agawam. This Saggamore is himself tributary to Saggamore James — having been before the last yeare in his [James'] minority." This determines the age of the Saugus- groom to be about twenty. How long his bride was absent, or how she got back, is matter of conjecture. Whittier, with poetic license, represents her as leaving her father's home at Penacook in the spring, alone, in a canoe. She was seen going over the Falls of Amos- keag, where her frail bark was dashed in pieces, and the bride seen no more. " Sick and a-weary of her lonely life, Heedless of peril, the still faithful wife Had left her mother's grave, her father's door, To seek the wigwam of her chief once more. " Down the white rapids, like a sear leaf whirled, On the sharp rocks and piled up ices hurled, Empty and broken circled the canoe, In the vexed pool below — But where was ' Wetamoo V " *See " New English Canaan," by Thomas Morton, 1632, in second volume of Tracts by Peter Force, 1838, pp. 27, 28. ' THE BRIDAL OF PENACOOK. 33 Then follows the responsive dirge, chanted by the " Children of the. Leaves :" " The dark eye has left ns, The spring bird has flown ; On the pathway of spirits She wanders alone — The song of the wood-dove has died on our shore ; Mat uxmck Kunna-monee!* We hear it no more ! " Oh, dark water spirit ! We cast on thy wave These furs which may never Hang over her grave ; Bear down to the lost one the robes that she wore ; Mat wonclc Kunna-monee ! We see her no more ! " Oh mighty Sowanna ! t Thy gate-ways unfold, From thy wigwam of sunset Lift curtains of gold ! Take home the worn spirit whose journey is o'er, 1 Mat wonclc Kunna-monee! We see her no more !' " This is indeed beautiful poetry ; but the fact is, that " We- tamoo," alias Wanuchus, found means to get back alive to her sagamore lord. The remaining incidents in her history, and that of her husband, James, are thus related by ancient historians : " On the 8th of August, 1632, about one hundred Tarrotines landed from their canoes, at Ipswich, in the night, and killed seven of Masconomo's men, wounded Monohaquaham and Mon- towampate, who were on a visit to that place, and carried away Wanuchus, the wife of Montowampate, a captive." Hubbard says: "About the same time, [5th of August, 1632,] came a company of Eastern Indians, called Tarrotines, and, in the night, assaulted the wigwam of the sagamore of Agawam. They were near a hundred in number, and they came with thirty canoes. They slew seven men, and wounded John and James, two sagamores that lived about Boston, and carried others away captive, amongst whom was the wife of the said James, which they sent again (that is, returned,) by the mediation of Mr. Shurd, of Pemaquid, that used to trade with them ; and * Indian phrase — We shall see her no more, f The south-west Heaven. 3 34 INDIAN HISTORY. sent word by him that they expected something in way of ran som." On the 4th of September following, there is recorded a sentence of the court on Richard Hopkins, of Watertown, ' for selling a gun and pistol, with powder and shot, to Montowampate, the Lynn sagamore" — to "be severely whippt, and branded with a hot iron on one of his cheekes." Winthrop writes, De cember 5, 1633 — "John Sagamore died of the small-pox, and almost all his people — above thirty buried by Mr. Maverick, of Winiscemit, in one day." " James, Sagamore of Saugus, died also, and most of his folks." But what finally became of Wanuchus, the " Bridal of Pena cook ?" It is unknown ; but possibly, after the death of Mono- wampate, in 1633, she returned to her aged father ; for that she had two grand-daughters living at Penacook, in 1686, appears from the following testimony : " September 17, 1686. Thomas Guakusses, alias, Capt. Tom, now living at Wamesit, neare Paw tucket Falls, aged about seventy-five years, testifieth and saith — k ' I know two squaws were living about Pennicooke, one named Pahpocksit, and the other's name I do not know ; and I knew the grandmother of these squaws, named Wanunchus. She was a principal proprietor of those lands about Naumkeage, now Salem.'"* TAHANTO. In the first notice we have of Tahanto, he stands before us the earnest opposer of the rum traffic. In the summer of 1668 an Englishman, by the name of Thomas Dickinson, was mur dered at Penacook by a drunken Indian. The particulars of the murder, with the evidence relative thereto, are detailed in official papers published in the third volume of the N. H. Historical Collections. The summary of the affair is this : By virtue of a » History of Salem, by Felt. THE PENACOOKS TAHANTO. 35 warrant from Gov. Bellingham, of Massachusetts, Thomas Hinks- man, with a sufficient aid, the 18th of August, 1668, " repaired to the trucking house of Capt. Richard Walderne, at Penny cooke, to make enquiry concerning the killing of an Englishman at the said trucking house, and, also, of what strong liquors have been sold there, and by whom, and when, taking the Indians' evidences therefor, about and concerning the same." Among others examined by Mr. Hinksman, was Tahanto, sagamore, and Pehaungun, sagamore; and they say "that one Thomas Payne and the Englishman that is slain, sent several Indians to their masters, Capt. Walderne's and Mr. Peter Coffin's, to Pis- cataque, who told those Indians that they should bring from them guns, powder, shot and cloth ; but instead thereof, Capt. Wal derne, and the said Peter Coffin returned those Indians back to Pennycooke, loaded only with cotton cloth and three rundletts of liquors, with which liquors there were at least one hundred of the Indians drunk for one night, one day and one half together ; in which time of their being so drunk, the Examinants say, that all the Indians went from the trucking house except one, who re mained there drunk, and who killed the Englishman — the other Englishman being at the same time in the fort." The Indians who were examined, further testified, " that an Indian, hearing the slain Englishman cry out, he swam over the river, and went to the trucking house, where he found the Englishman dead ; and presently after he saw the Indian who killed the Englishman going towards the fort with his knife bloody in his hand. The murderer being examined why he had killed the Englishman, said that he was much sorry, and that he had not done it had he not been drunk. When told that they must kill him for it, the murderer answered, he was willing to die for it, and that he was much sorry for the death of said Englishman." " The Indians then belonging to the fort held a council what to do with the said murderer, who, after some debate, passed sentence that the said murderer should be shot to death ; which sentence was accordingly performed the then next ensuing day, about noon. The said murderer died undauntedly, still saying that he was much sorry for the Englishman's death." In further investigations, it was testified by John Page, Robb. 36 INDIAN HISTORY. Parris, Thomas Tarball and Joseph Bloud, October 27, 1668, " That going to Pennycooke on or about the month of June last, and riding to the fort there, they were told that an Eng lishman was killed by an Indian, and that all the Indians were drunk, else it had not been done. And further, they testify, ' That Tahanto, a sagamore, being afraid that we had brought liquors to sell, desired us, if we had any, that we would pour it upon the ground, for it would make the Indians all one DivUV In the sequel it appeared that the chief blame in this mur derous affair was thrown upon Thomas Payne, who was in Peter Coffin's employ, and upon his associate, Dickinson, who was murdered. Capt. Walderne cleared himself, upon his oath, of having any participation in it ; but Peter Coffin, who, it seems, was "licensed to trade with the Indians" — though he must do it according to law — was so far implicated with his man Payne, that he confessed " his grief for the miscarriage, and more especially for the dishonor of God therein ;" and " I doe, there fore, cast myself upon the favor of this honored court, to deal with mee therein as in pytie they shall see cause." Accordingly the court, finding that " said Coffin hath traded liquors irreg ularly, and contrary to Law, do therefore Judge that he shall pay as a fine to the Country the sum of fifty pounds, and all charges which hath accrued thereby." The next year, May, 1669, it appears from the court record " that Thomas Payne, trader among the Indians at Pennecook, confessed he sold rum to the Indians ; said he did this when Thomas Dickinson was killed by an Indian, and was fined ,£30." In honor of Tahanto, for his noble-hearted remonstrance against the rum trade, a temperance society was formed in Concord, in 1835, under the name of Tahantoes, and his fame celebrated in the following stanzas, written by George Kent, Esq. : Chieftain of a wasted nation ! Thine no words of promise were — But, in hour of dark temptation, Thine to do, and thine to dare 1 When the white man, hovering round thee, Tempted oft thy feet to stray, Indian shrewdness nobly bound thee To the straight and narrow way. THE PENACOOKS KANCAMAGUS. 37 With./fre-teafcr when invaded, Thine the evil to foresee — Nature's light alone pervaded Minds that ranged the forest free ; But — shame on thy Christian brother! He, with " light of life " endow'd, Sought, with " liquid fire," to smother Life's true light in death's dark shroud. When approaching with temptation, Thine to see and shun the snare — Thine to utter, from thy station, Firmly the prevailing prayer : " Were, of liquor, they the vender, " On the ground at once to pour — " Eor the Indians it would render " All one devil, o'er and o'er." Honor to the chieftain ever ! High his name by fame enroll'd — From his bright example never Be our own departure told ; — Meet for Penacook to rally Under his tee-total name, Whose resolve, in her fair valley, Quench'd the demon's liquid flame ! KANCAMAGUS. Kancamagus, known by the English name John Hogkins, or Hawkins, was the last sagamore of the Penacooks. He was a grandson of Passaconaway, and probably son of Nanamoco- muck. He is first mentioned in 1685, when some of the Pena cooks, who had been to Albany, reported, on their return, that the Mohawks threatened to destroy all the Indians from Narra- gansett to Pechypscot, in Maine. He seems to have possessed some of the worst traits of Indian character — cunning, deceit, treachery and revenge. Conceiving himself slighted by Gov. 38 INDIAN HISTORY. Cranfield, on his report against the Mohawks, he ever after even amid professions of friendship, and when begging protec tion — cherished a spirit of revenge against the English. He seems to have acquired some education, and was able to write. Some letters, reputed to have been written by him., are pre served ;* the first of which the following is a copy, addressed to Gov. Cranfield, of New-Hampshire : "May 15, 1685. " Honour Governor, my friend, — " You my friend I desire your worship and your power, because I hope you can do som great matters this one. I am poor and naked, and I have no man at my place because I afraid all ways Mohogs he will kill me every day and night. If your worship when please pray help me, you no let Mohogs kill me at my place at Malamake river, called Fanukkog and Nattukkog, I will submit your worship and your power. And now I want powder and such alminishon, shott and guns, because I have forth at my horn, and I plant theare. "This all Indian hand; but pray do you consider your humble servan , John Hogkins." [Signed also by fourteen other Indians.] Under pretence of fear of the Mohawks, Hogkins removed, in the fall of the same year, with the Penacooks, to the eastward ; and soon after, together with the Saco Indians, entered into a treaty with the Council of New-Hampshire, of mutual aid and protection against the Mohawks and all other enemies, agreeing, also, to return and live near the English. Yet, with the old poison of revenge rankling in his bosom, he entered into a con spiracy with other Indians, in 1689, to make the attack on Dover, which ended in the death of Maj. Waldron and about twenty others. Through the friendship of two Penacook Indians, Maj. Hinksman, of Chelmsford, had notice of this conspiracy, and in formed the government of Massachusetts, who hastily dispatched a letter to Maj. Waldron, giving him warning ; but unfortunately detained on the way, it was too late to save him from savage revenge. In this letter they say there is a report of " a gath ering of some Indians in and about Penecooke, with designe of mischiefe to the English. Among the said Indians one Hawkins is said to be a principal designer ; and that they have a particular * See Appendix, Belknap's Hist, of N. H., Farmer's ed., vol. i., p. 503. THE PENACOOKS HOPE-HOOD. 39 designe against yourself and Mr. Peter Coffin, which the Council thought it necessary presently to despatch advice thereof, to give you notice, that you take care of your own safeguard — they intending to betray you on a pretention of trade." Next we hear of Hawkins in a fort on the river Androscoggin, at a place (Pechypscott) which was attacked the 12th of Sep tember, 1690, by Maj. Benjamin Church and a body of soldiers, and was taken and burnt. Several Indians were captured, among whom was a brother-in-law of Kancamagus, and a sister of his was slain. On the 29th of November, 1690, a truce or treaty of peace was made by the government of Massachusetts " with the eastern Indian enemy, sagamores," among whom was John Hawkins. The sagamores, six in number, " covenant, promise and agree for themselves, and all the eastward Indians now in open hostility with the English — from Pennecook, Win- nepesseockeege, Ossipe, Pigwocket, Amoscongin, Pechepscut, Kennebeck river" — to keep the peace, &c. This treaty " was signed and sealed, interchangeably, upon the water, in canoes, at Sackatehock, (Maine,) when the wind blew ;" * and this is the last we know of Kancamagus ! HOPE-HOOD. The name of this Indian is connected with the Penacooks, not as one of the tribe, but as acting with them in hostilities to the English, in 1685, and afterwards. In April, 1689, Col. Bar tholomew Gidney, of Salem, is instructed by the Council of Massachusetts to dispatch a messenger to Penacook, to ascertain the number and situation of the Indians there, and to concert measures for securing Hope-Hood, and other hostile Indians. He is described as one of " the most bloody warriors of the *Mass. Hist. Coll., 3d series, vol. i., pp. 112-114. 40 INDIAN HISTORY. age." "A tiger," "killing, burning and destroying in every place where he found the people unguarded." He was killed, in 1690, in a fight with an Indian party, which he mistook for hostile Indians, but who were his friends and confederates. After this the Penacooks continued to exist as a distinct tribe for many years, but their power was gone. They are mentioned in Penhallow's Indian Wars, in 1703, in a conference held by Gov. Dudley, at Casco, with delegates from several tribes. Those of them who were hostile to the English probably mixed with the eastern Indians, between whom and the Penacooks was a close affinity. As the Governor of Canada had encouraged the Indians who inhabited the borders of New-England to re move to Canada, it is likely that some of them went thither, and were incorporated with the tribes of St. Francis. But those who continued friendly to the English — of whom there had always been a small number — remained here until 1725, and after, and were highly useful to the first inhabitants ; supplying them with food in the winter, when almost in a state of starvation. WATTANUMMON. Wattanummon is the name of an Indian chief who, at the time the first settlers came to Penacook, lived in a wigwam on the knoll or rise of ground on the south side of the brook which is the outlet of Horse-shoe Pond — where the Concord and Montreal Railroad now crosses. He was a friendly Indian, and owned the land which lies east of said brook, from its junction with the Merrimack, westward, to what is called Farnum's Eddy. This brook and field are called by his name. A tradition is well preserved, that soon after Capt. Ebenezer Eastman came hither in the summer of 1726, he crossed over from the east side with his men, and began to cut the grass on Wattanummon's field : THE PENACOOKS WATTANTJMMON. 41 Seeing which, the old Indian went forth with a gun and two of his sons, to prevent the trespass. As he approached, Eastman and his party ceased their labor and saluted him : " How do ? how do ?" His reply, in broken English, was : " My land ! my grass! No cut! no cut!" and drew up his gun. Eastman replied : " Yes, this is your land, and your grass. Come, boys, put aside your tools and rest." Sitting down under a shade, the lunch and the bottle were brought forth and offered to the old chief. "Won't you take a drink?" "Yes, yes; me drink!" Capt. Eastman drank a little himself, and then offered a cup to one of Wattanummon's sons. The old Indian "interposed, saying, ?' He no drink ;" and taking the cup himself, drank it, exclaim ing: " Hugh ! good !" By this time the old Indian began to be very generous and friendly ; and, stretching forth his arms, ex claimed : " My land ! my grass ! — all mine ; every thing ! You may cut grass — all you want !" After this friendly interchange of property — rum for grass — Capt. Eastman and Wattanum- mon lived in peace on opposite sides of the river. What finally became of old Wattanummon is unknown. Some interesting facts are related, either of him or another of the same name, previous to this period. In May, 1689, mention is made of Watanum, " one of the chief captains " of Wonalancet. In 1689, March 5th, " a company of thirty or forty Indians made an attack on Andover, and killed five persons ;" and Col. Dudley Bradstreet and family were preserved by the friendly interference of " Waternummon, an Indian who lived at New bury." In June, 1703, Waternummon is mentioned as one of the chiefs of Penacook and Pigwacket who was at the conference in Casco. "About the year 1720, (or 1712?) Capt. Thomas Baker, of Northampton, Massachusetts, set off with a scouting party of thirty-four men ; passed up Connecticut river, and crossed the height of land to Pemigeswasset river. He there discovered a party of Indians, whose sachem was called Waternummus, whom he attacked and destroyed. Baker and the sachem levelled and discharged their guns at each other at the same instant. The ball from the Indian's gun grazed Baker's left eye-brow, but did him no injury. The ball from Baker's gun went through the 42 INDIAN HISTORY. heart of the sachem. Immediately upon being wounded, he leaped four or five feet high and then fell instantly dead. The Indians fled, but Baker and his party pursued and destroyed every one of them." This affair took place, it is said, at the confluence of a small river with the Pemigewasset, (between Plymouth and Campton,) and hence has ever since had the name of Baker's river."* If the above story is correct, the Waternummus above named, said to have been killed in 1720, or earlier, could not be the Wattanummon of Penacook, 1726. It seems, however, probable that the person mentioned as " one of the chief captains " of Wonalancet, in 1689, and the one friendly to Col. Bradstreet, of Andover, was the old sagamore- farmer who lived, in 1726, on the bank of the stream, and culti vated the field that bears his name.* MRS. DUSTIN. At the junction of the Contoocook river with the Merrimack, on the north fine of Concord, and near where now is the flour ishing village of Fisherville, is an island, known by common tradition as the scene where the captive woman from Haverhill, Mrs. Hannah Dustin, performed the daring exploit of killing and scalping ten Indians, and making her escape. The Northern Railroad now passes directly across this island, and by many a traveler it is looked at as an object of strange curiosity. A monument ought to be erected on the island, to commemorate the deed of the heroic woman. A part of the history of Mrs. Dustin belongs to Haverhill ; yet, as the scene of her exploit lies chiefly in Penacook, we are re quired to give it a conspicuous place. The attack on Haverhill was made by the Indians on the 15th * See Hon. C. E. Potter's notice in the Farmer's Visitor, Vol. 13, No. 9. MRS. DUSTIN. 43 of March, 1697. Mrs. Hannah, wife of Mr. Thomas Dustin, was confined to her bed with an infant child, seven days old, and attended by a nurse, Mary Neff. Hearing the war-whoop of the savages as they approached, Mr. Dustin ran from the field where he was at work, to his house, and ordered his children — seven in number — to flee ; while he seized his gun, and finding it impossible to remove his wife and infant, mounted his horse and rode after his children — defending them against the savages who were in pursuit. Supposing it impossible to save them all, his first thought was to catch up one of them — even the one that he loved the most — and save that ; but he was unable to make a choice ; and, keeping in their rear, he retreated and fired, sometimes with fatal effect, till the Indians gave over their pursuit. In the meantime a small party of Indians entered the house, took Mrs. Dustin and nurse prisoners, and set the house on fire. The babe was snatched from the arms of the nurse, and its brains dashed out against an apple tree. Feeble, and with but one shoe on, Mrs. Dustin was compelled to travel through the wilderness, in this inclement season, till they reached the home of her Indian captors, on the island above named. The Indians on the island were twelve in number: two men, three women, and seven children; and with them an English boy, named Samuel Lannardson, who was taken prisoner about a year before at Worcester. After a few days the women were informed by the Indians that they would soon start for a distant settlement, and when they arrived there would be obliged to submit to Indian customs — of which one was to run the gauntlet, naked, between two files of Indians. On learning this, Mrs. Dustin formed her deadly plan. She told the boy Lannardson to ask his master where he would strike a man if he wished to kill him instantly, and how he would take off a scalp. The Indian laid his finger on his temple — "Strike 'em there," said he; and then in structed the boy how to scalp. Engaging the nurse and the boy in her plot, they waited the midnight hour for executing it. With tomahawks in hand they struck the fatal blows on the heads of the Indians as they lay fast asleep. Ten were killed at 44 INDIAN HISTORY. once. Mrs. Dustin killed her master, and Samuel Lannardson despatched the very Indian who told him where to strike and how to take off a scalp. A favorite Indian boy was spared, and one of the squaws whom they left for dead, jumped up and ran into the thicket. Mrs. Dustin, gathering up what provisions there were in the wigwam — taking the gun of her dead master, and the tomahawk with which she killed him, and, to prevent pursuit, scutthng the Indian canoes, except one — she embarked in that, with the nurse and boy Lannardson, on the waters of the Merrimack, to seek their way to Haverhill. They had not pro ceeded far, however, when Mrs. Dustin, perceiving that they had neglected to take the scalps, and fearing lest her neighbors — should she ever arrive at her home — would not credit her story, hastened back with her companions to the scene of death, took Off the scalps of the slain, put them " into a bag, and, with these bloody witnesses of their feat, hastened again on their downward course to Haverhill. There they safely arrived." On the 21st of April following, Mrs. Dustin and her two attendants went to Boston, carrying, as proofs of their exploit, the gun, tomahawk, and ten scalps, and received as a reward from the General Court, fifty pounds, besides many valuable presents from others.* Mr. Dustin's heroism in defending his children has been com memorated by Mrs. Sarah J. Hale, editor of the Ladies' Mag azine, in beautiful stanzas, called the " Father's Choice." " Now fly, as flies the rushing wind ! TJrge, urge thy lagging steed ; The savage yell is fierce behind, Aud life is on thy speed. " And from those dear ones make thy choice ; The group he wildly eyed : When — "father " — burst from every voice, And — " child " — his heart replied. " There 's one that now can share his toil, And one he meant for fame ; And one that wears his mother's smile. And one that bears her name. *Sce a more detailed and very interesting narrative of the whole affair in Merick's Hist, ol Haverhill. MRS. DUSTIN. 45 " And one will prattle on his knee, Or slumber on his breast ; And one whose joys of infancy Are still by smiles expressed. " They feel no fear while he is near ; He '11 shield them from the foe ; But oh ! his ear must thrill to hear Their shriekings should he go. " In vain his quivering lips would speak ; No words his thoughts allow ; There's burning tears upon his check, Death's marble on his brow. " And twice he smote his clenched hand — Then bade his children fly ! And turned, and e'en the savage band Cowered at his wrathful eye. " Swift as the lightning, winged with death. Flashed forth the quivering flame ! Their fiercest warrior bows beneath The father's deadly aim. " Not the wild cries that rend the skies, His heart of purpose move ; He saves his children, or he dies The sacrifice of love. "Ambition goads the conqueror on; Hate points the murderer's brand — But love and duty, these alone Can nerve the good man's hand. " The hero may resign the field, The coward murderer flee ; He cannot fear, he will not yield, That strikes, sweet love, for thee. " They come, they come — he heeds no cry Save the soft child-like wail, ' Oh, father, save !' ' My children, fly !' Were mingled on the gale. " And firmer still he drew his breath, And sterner flashed his eye, As fast he hurls the leaden death, Still shouting — ' Children, fly !' 46 INDIAN HISTORY. "No shadow on his brow appeared, Nor tremor 6hook his frame, Sava when at intervals he heard Some trembler lisp his name. ,:In vain the foe — those fiends unchained — Like famished tigers chafe ; The sheltering roof is near'd, is gain'd — All, all the dear ones safe !" It may here be added that Mrs. Dustin was the daughter of Michael and Hannah Emerson, and the eldest of fifteen children. She was born December 23, 1657, and married to Thomas Dustin December 3, 1677. She had thirteen children. She was forty years of age when captured by the Indians. Her descendants of the name of Dustin, and also her family con nections of the name of Emerson, are numerous in New-Hamp shire. Mr. Thomas Dustin, of Henniker, N. H, a descendant who has retained the name, is said to have in possession the identical gun which his heroic maternal ancestor took from her Indian captor. "SQUAW LOT." On the east side of Merrimack river, due west from Federal bridge, and bordering the river, is a lot known as the '' Squaw lot." The eastern bound — a dark stone — may be seen, close to the fence, on the road that runs by the house of Mr. George W. Moulton, and about one hundred paces from said house. The western bound of the lot — a stone — is also visible, about forty rods further on the same road. The lot now belongs to the heirs of the late Jeremiah Pecker, Esq. The tradition respecting this lot is, that soon after the first settlement of Pen acook, an Indian chief, named Peorawarrah, enamoured of the wife of another Indian, ran away with her from a settlement "SQUAW LOT." 47' below Penacook; and passing up the Merrimack in a bark canoe, had lodged for the night on Sewall's island. Missing his wife, the Indian, jealous of the cause, with his gun in hand, started in pursuit. Assured that he was on the track of the guilty pair, he sped his way on foot till near night fall, when he discovered the canoe, and saw the place of their landing on the island. Secrete ing himself in the bushes directly opposite, on the east side of the river, and near the late residence of Henry S. Thatcher, Esq., he impatiently waited the dawn of morning, to execute his pur pose. At early dawn, Peorawarrah pushed off his canoe, to pursue their flight up the river. The revengeful husband watched his opportunity, and as a current in the river turned the course of the canoe, the guilty pair were brought within the range of his deadly aim. He fired, and both were killed — fell overboard and sunk. The report of the gun was heard by one of the settlers — tradition says, Ebenezer Virgin — who afterwards met the Indian who had satiated his revenge. The Indian told him what he had done, and said — "Peorawarrah had good gun." A few days after, the body of the squaw, with the mark of a bullet shot on it, was found washed up on the shore of the river. It was buried on the adjacent land, and ever since the lot has been called " the Squaw lot." Tradition further says that Ebenezer Virgin made search in the river for Peorawarrah's gun, and found it ; that at his death the gun descended to his son John; then to his grandson John* from whom it was obtained, by exchange for another gun, by Jonathan Eastman, Esq., about forty years ago, and is still in his possession, as fit for good service as ever. This gun, bearing marks of antiquity, identically the same " good gun," except the stock, as when in the hands of Peorawarrah — the writer has seen and handled, and has no doubt of the substantial truth of the tradition. It is carefully kept, though in frequent service, by Esq. Eastman, now seventy-two years of age, and called " Peorawarrah's gun." f * This was the " Old John Virgin " whose life and death are noticed in another place. tMr. Eastman infonned me that he intended the gun should go. after bis death, to lii.- grandson, Jonathan Eastman Pecker. THE LAST OF THE PENACOOKS. PEHAUNGUN. Tradition says that the last Penacook who died here was named Pehaungun, a celebrated warrior, whose wigwam and planting grounds were on the east side of the river, upon the land afterwards owned and occupied by Stilson Eastman ; subsequently, by John Miller; then by the late Mr. Samuel Blake, and now by two of Mr. Blake's sons. Pehaungun is mentioned in connection with Tahanto, at the trial of the Indian for the murder of Thomas Dickinson, in 1668. He is there called an " ancient Indian." He is supposed to have died about 1732, at the advanced age of one hundred and twenty years or more. The tradition respecting his death is, that the Indians had a "big drunk" at his wigwam — that they drank from the bung-hole of a keg of rum. Capt. Eastman, hearing the drunken revel and outcries, went to see what was going on, and was invited to drink ; but, hoisting the keg to his mouth, he let more run out than ran in; seeing which, Pehaungun threatened to kill him. Capt. Eastman withdrew, and the next morning this "ancient Indian" was found dead. The Indians who partook of the revel feared that the spirit of the old warrior would come back and punish them ; therefore, in burying him, they placed his body in a hollow trunk of pine, covered over with a slab ; bound it round with withes, and, laying it in the ground, threw in dirt, and then stamped it down hard — crying out, " He no get out ! he no get up !" They then stuck- up willow boughs about the grave ; some at the same time dancing, wailing, howl ing and tearing their hair. The whole ceremony was concluded with another " big drunk," which laid them all low on the ground. CHAPTER II. NOTICES OF PENACOOK PREVIOUS TO ITS SETTLEMENT BY THE WHITES. By virtue of her original charter, obtained in 1628, Massa chusetts claimed all that part of New-England lying between three miles, to the northward of Merrimack river, to the source of the same, and three miles to the southward of Charles river ; and in length, within the described breadth from the Atlantic ocean to the South sea. Accordingly, in 1638, men were sent to discover the sources of the Merrimack, and found some part of it above Penacook to lie more northerly than forty-three and a half degrees. In 1652 the General Court of Massachusetts ordered a- survey, to ascertain the northern bound of the colony ; and for this pur pose appointed Captains Edward Johnson and Simon Willard commissioners. Capt. Johnson, accompanied by John Sherman, of Watertown, and Jonathan Ince, of Cambridge, surveyors, together with several Indian guides, went up the river Merri mack, to find the most northerly part thereof, which the Indians told them was Aquedocktan, the outlet of lake Winnepissiogee. Capt. Johnson was the author of " The Wonder-Working Provi dence of Zion's Saviour." John Sherman was the ancestor of the distinguished Roger Sherman, of Connecticut ; and Jonathan Ince was a graduate of Harvard college. The surveyors, on the 1st of August, 1652, decided the head source of the Merrimack " where it issues out of the lake called Winnapusseakit," to be in " latitude forty-three degrees, forty minutes and twelve sec onds, besides those minutes which are to be allowed for the three miles north which run into the lake." At this point, which is 4 50 HISTORY OF PENACOOK now called the Weares, a rock was discovered, a few years since, with its surface but little above the water, and about twenty feet in circumference, on which the following letters were found sculptured : EI sw WP IOHN ENDICVT GOV Col. Philip Carrigain, of Concord, who carefully examined these letters in 1834, gives the following explanation: "The E I, are the initials of Edward Johnson ; S W, of Simon Wil lard — the two commissioners. W P are on the same line, and immediately precede IOHN ENDICVT, and it is not improbable they stand for worshipful — a title often given, in those Puritan ical times, to the governor and magistrates." The surveyors on this expedition passed through Penacook " in a Bote," and occu pied nineteen days; and the whole expense attending it was about .£84.* *" Accoumpt of Disbursments about Jorney to the bead of the Merrimeck : Ipr. for maheing the Bote Ac Ores, with all the Boards 6c. Stuff, £ 03 for one man for the Jorney & his worke in preparing levall, 03 for 5 pound of powder 4 pond of shott match and Indian flowes, [?] 00 for 3 yooke of oxen and a horse, 00 It. to James Prentise for the jorny , 0310 Reseaved in parte of this Accoumpt, Ipr. for the Sayles, pieces of Rope ec two Blockes the Bote ec some Ruff Ice, that were left, 02 Remaynes to me still on this Accoumpt, 07 Due to Good. Bull for carting 00 Sum total due to Capt. Johnson, 08 06 00 11 The Deputies consent this bill should be satisfyed to Capt. Johnson. "Daniel DflTlsoir. " The Deputies consent that Capt. Johnson be paid for his Journey, 13 6 8 " Daitikl Derison. " The Magists. consent hereto. Edward Rawioh, Secret'y. " Consented to by the deputyes. VVk. ToRRrT.-Cion't. " The Magists. desire these accompts may by the Auditor and the psons concern 'd drawne & put into such a way as may stand on record. Eow. Rawjon, Secr'y." In the other account are charged, among other things, '« 6 gal. & 3 quarts of liquers • 38J£ lbs. of Bacon ; payd one of our pilatts j paid two other Indians, and payd for ells in our jorny," tec, Ice. The whole expense of the expedition could not be lees than £84 10«. 10tL $. d. 01 00 03 00 IS 00 11 00 00 00 07 00 17 00 10 00 16 oo BEFORE SETTLEMENT. 51 While Massachusetts was thus fixing the bounds of her colony at the head waters of the Merrimack, the General Court of New- Hampshire also had an eye on the same, and claimed that the said territory was within their patent and jurisdiction. This claim of New-Hampshire was founded on a patent obtained by -Capt. John Mason, in 1629, "under the common seal of the Council of Plymouth," which conveyed the land "from the middle part of Merrimack river ; and from thence, northward, along the sea coast, to Piscataqua river, and up the same to the farthest head thereof; and from thence, north-westward, until sixty miles from the first entrance of Piscataqua river ; and also through Merrimack river to the farthest head thereof; and so forward up into the land westward, until sixty miles were fin ished ; and from thence, to cross over land to the end of the sixty miles accounted from Piscataqua river, together with all islands and islets within five leagues distance of the premises." This territory was called New-Hampshire. But, owing to the unsettled state of affairs, the towns settled at this period in New- Hampshire agreed, for their better defence and security, to place themselves under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts ;* which con tinued from 1641 till 1680. Hence, being under one govern ment, in 1659 a petition was presented to the General Court of Massachusetts, by inhabitants of Dover and Newbury, in the words following : To the Sonerd Generall Courte, now assembled at Boston : The humble petecyon of us whose names are underwritten, beinge inhabytants of this jurisdiction, and beinge senseable of the need of multiplyinge of towneshippes for the inlargement of the contrey, and accommodateinge of such as want opportunity to improve themselves, have taken into consideration a place which is called Pennecooke, which by reporte is a place fit for such an one. Now the humble request of your petitioners to this honred Courte is, that we may have the grant of a tracke of land their to the quantity of twelve miles square, which, being granted, we shall give up ourselves to be at the cost and charge of vewinge it, and consider fully about it, wheather to proceed on for the settlinge of a towne or noe, and for that end shall crave the liberty of three yeares to give in our reso lution ; and, in case that wee doe proceed, then our humble request is, that we may have the grant of our freedome from publique charge * See Belknap's Hist., vol. i., p. 30, Farmer's edition. 52 HISTORY OF PENACOOK for the space of seaven yeares after the time of our resolution given in to this Honerd Courte for our encorragement to settle a plantation soe furre remote, as knowinge that many will be our inconvenyences (for a long time,) which we must expeckt to meet with, all which desires of ours beinge ansered, your petetioners shall ever pray for the happyness of this Honrecl Courte, and rest your humble pete tioners. Richard Walderne, John Bayley, Vail: Hill, John Cheiney, Peter Coffin, Nathaniel Weare, John X Hird, Robard Coker, WilliarFfurbur, J** f °OTe> ~ Roger Plaisteed, S^^f*. Edward Woodman, Edward Richardson, John Pike, William Cotton, Abraham Toppan, John Wolcott, Benia : Swett, John Bond, George Little, William Titcomb. 18 (3) 59 : [that is — 18th May, 1659.] The Committee do judge meet that the petitioners be granted a plantation of eight miles square, upon condition that at the sessions of the General Court, to be held in Octo., 1660, they make report to that Court of their reso lution to p'secute the same with a competent no. of meet persons that will in gage to carry on the work of the said place in all civill and eclesiasticall respects, and that within two years then next en siling there be 20 families there settled. Also, that they may have imunity from all publique charges (excepting in cases extraordinary) for seven yeares next ensuing the date hereof. Tho: Danforth, Edward Johnson, Eleazar Lusher. The Deputies approve of the returne of the Committee in answer to this petition, with reference to the consent of the honored magis trates thereto. William Torret, Cleric 6, 3: 1662 — [that is — May 6, 1662.] Upon informacon that Penicooke is An Apt place for A Township, and in consideration of the lord's great blessing upon the countrie in multiplying the inhab itants and plantations here ; and that Allmost All such places are Allreadie taken up : 'Tis ordered by this Court, that the lands at Peniecook be reserved for a plantation till so many of such as have petecioned for lands there or of others shall present to settle A plan tation there. The Deputies have past the same : desiring the consent of the Honob" magistrates thereto. WlLUAU ToRREY; Cleric* * Mass. Col. Records. BEFORE SETTLEMENT. 53 It appears, also, from the records of the Massachusetts colony, that a petition was presented, in 1663, by inhabitants of Chelms ford, for the grant of a township at Penacook. In October, 1663, the court " granted the inhabitants of Salem a plantation of six miles square at Pennicook, if getting twenty famihes on it within three years." The conditions- not being fulfilled, the foregoing grants, it would seem, were forfeited. In June, 1714 — fifty-one years after their first petition — the people of Salem again petitioned that the grant of a plantation of six miles square to them at Pennecook, in October, 1663, may be confirmed to them. They stated that since the first was made, they had been embarrassed by Indian wars, and that " some of the inhabitants of the town had erected a trading house at Pennicook forty years since." Whether this trading house was the same as that of Waldron and Coffin, in 1668, is not clear ; but, from the concurrence in the dates, most likely it was. One trading house, it is believed, stood on the east side, on or near the farm of Judge Sewall. PETITION FOR PENNYCOOK — 1721. To his Excellency, Samuel Shute, Esqr-> Cap1- Gen1 and Governr in Chief in and over His Majesty's Province of the Massachusetts Bay; and to the Honbu the Council and House of Representatives in Gen1 Court assembled, this 31»( day of May, Anno Domini 1721. The Petition of the subscribers, Inhabitants of the County of Essex — Humbly sheweth, That ye Petit™ being straitned for Accommo dations for themselves and their posterity, have Espied a tract of Land, scituate on the River of Merrymake, (the Great River of the said Country,) whereon they are desirous to make a Settlement and form a Town, if they may obtain the favour and countenance of this Great and Honble Court therein : Yr petra therefore humbly pray this Great and Gen1 Court to grant them, under such Restrictions, and on such Conditions as yr Excellency and Honours shall think fit, a Tract of Land for a Township, which lies at the lower end of Pen- niecook : to beginn three miles to the Eastward of Merrimake River, at the place nearest to the mouth of Conduncook [Contoocook] River — to extend to Merrimake River, and over it, to and up Conduncook River, eight miles ; from thence, to run Southerly seven miles, par- rellel with Merrimake River ; and at the End of the sd seven miles, to run directly to the mouth of Sun coot River ; and then up Sun coot River till it comes to the distance of three miles from Merri make River ; and then to, on a Strait Line, to the first mentioned 54 HISTORY OF PENACOOK bound and Station : Which Tract of Land is Computed to Contain about the quantity of Eight miles Square, whcn Request your peti tioners are the more Imboldened and necessitated to make, inasmuch as They are informed the Three Townships last Granted are all laid out and Taken up, and They cannot be accomodated in either of them. And yr petre shall, as in Duty Bound, ever pray. Stephen Barker, HI. John X Granger, Sam" "Phillips, John Osgood, Timothy Johnson, Ebenezer Eastman, Joshua Bayley, James Fales, William White, David X Kimbel, auk. Moses Day, John Hall, Hii Samel X Runills, Ult, Jerathel Hug, Nathaniel Abbot, John Chandler, Stephen Abbot, James Black, Benjamin Stephens, William Marten, Stephen Osgood, Thomas Blanchard, Eben Lovejoy, Thomas Abbot, John Wright, Joseph Parker, James Stephens, James Bayley, John Astin, SameI Kimbel, Jona. Chadwick, Benj4- Calton, Nehemiah Calton, Nathaniel demons, John Muleekin, Samel Hazeltine, Rich Hall, James Smith, William Wickar, Matthias Cowdry, Tho's Scihegsar, Joseph Work, Nicholas White, Samel White, Eben Thornton, John Saunders, Elezar Crocker, NatheI Lovejoy, John Merrill, Samel Chandler, Robert Kimbell, Job Hinkley, Jonathan Clark, John Sandars, Henry Wook, [?] Benjamin Gage, Hi, Tim X Hogg, nuk. Andrew Allin, David Stephens, William Barker, Eben Stephens, Annaniah Barker, John Barker, Samel Barker, Nathan Barker, James Parker, John Foster, Aaron Foster, Christopher Colton, Robard Pesley, Daniel Astin, John Ingals, . " Jon* Gage, Danel Jaques, Richard Jaques, William Gutterson, Jonathan Rolande Zebediah Barker, Tho? Page, Nath1 Page, Hta John X Mattis, nark. David Cragg, Sam1 Aires, James Barker, Ebenr Barker, Ed. Clark, Sam8' Clark, Sam1 Granger, John Pecker, John Loel, [?] Wm. Davis, Joseph Davis, Nehemiah Heath, Samel Kimbal, Abraham Cooley, John Goterson, Samel Borbank, Andrew Mitchell, Jon* Page, Ephraim Farnon, John Hastins, Samel Davis, Ephraim Davis, Nathaniel Morrill, Stephen Morill, Tho" Kingsbery, John Bayley, Samel Granger, NatheI Sanders, Sam> Ela, Ebenr Gill, Benj? Smeth, Joseph Page, Stephen Emerson, John Morden, Jon* Corlis, Moses Aboott, John Osgood, Nathel Peasley. BEFORE SETTLEMENT; 55 In the House of Representatives, June 9"*, 1724. Read and Ordered, that Captain Shipley, Co11 Buckminster and M.T. Winslow, be a Committee to view the said Land, and to make their Report yB next Session. Copy Examined per j- Willard, Sec>y. In May, 1722, however, a survey was made of Penacook by William Ward and John Jones, " according to the direction of the committee appointed by the Honorable House of Repre sentatives in y° former sessions" — comprising in the whole 69.500 acres of land. The interval land was 2.000 acres. This survey — a copy of which I have from the original plan in the Secretary's office, Massachusetts — was as follows : The south line, crossing the Merrimack river at its junction with Shoo-Brook [Soucook,] was eleven miles, viz.: 1530 perches east, and 1990 west side. The north line, crossing the Merrimack at " the river called Contucuk or Conduncook" — 1450 perches east, and following the course of the Contucuk west. The east line, drawn from the eastern terminus of the south line to the eastern of the north line, was ten miles. The west fine, drawn from the western terrninus of the south line, northerly, till it struck the Contucuk, was 2930 perches, or nine miles and fifty rods. Another petition was presented June 17, 1725 : To the Honhu Wm. DuMMER, Esqr., Lieut. Governor, and Com mander in Chief in and over His Majesties province of y' Mas sachusetts Bay, in New England, to the Honble His Majesties Council and House of Representatives in Gen. Court or Assembly convened at Boston, June 17w, 1725. The petition of Benja Stephens, Andrew Mitchel, David Kimball, Ebenezer Eastman, John Osgood and Moses Day, a Committee appointed by and in behalf of the petitioners formerly for a Tract of Land at a place called Pennycook — Humbly sheweth, That whereas yr petioners have at two sevel times petitioned the Great and Genel Court for a grant of the afore said tract of Land at Pennycook, with resolutions fully inclined to make a speedy settlement there, wcn they conceive, under the divine protection, they are able to go on and through with ; and the Honble House of Representatives having been pleased twice so far to take their petition under consideration as to grant the prayer under such 56 HISTORY OF PENACOOK. conditions as by ye vote of the sd HonWo House may more fully ap pear, which conditions, though they be expensive, yet yr petitioners have well weighed the same, and would v willingly have undertaken the settlement, if it had been the pleasure of the Honble Board to have concurred in the aforesaid vote. But as yr petitioners are in formed it did not meet with a concurrence : Wherefore, yr petitioners are emboldened, with great submission, to renew their petn to yr Hon our, and this Great and Gen1 Court, that you would please to take the premises again into yr wise and serious consideration ; and as the building a Fort there will undoubtedly be a great security within and on Merrimack River, and y* your petitioners are still willing to build and maintain it as afore propos'd, at their own cost, y* they may have the countenance and authority of this Court therefor, and that they woud pledge to make them a grant of it accordingly. Yr petit" wou'd also suggest to yr Honnours, that many applica tions have been made to the Government of New Hampshire for a grant of the sd Land, which, though it be the undoubted right and property of this Province, yet it is highly probable that a parcel of Irish people* will obtain a grant from New Hampshire for it, unless some speedy care be taken by this great and HonDl° Court to prevent it. If that Government should once make ym a grant, tho', the pet™ conceive it wou'd be without right, as in the case of Nutfield, yett it wou'd be a thing attended with too much difficulty to pretend to root ym out, if they shou'd once gett foot hold there. Your petitioners therefore pray that the vote passed by the HonDle House may be revived, or that they may have a grant of the Land on such other terms and conditions as to the wisdom of this Court shall seem best. And for yr Hon18, as in duty bound, yr petitioners shall ever pray, &c. Benj* Stephens, Andrew Mitchell, David Kimbel, Eben" Eastman, John Osgood, Moses Day. In the House of Representatives, June 17**, 1725. Read, and the question was put whether the House wou'd revive their vote above refer'd to — Resolved in the affirmative. Copy examined per T ttt r. > rj r J. Willard, Sec y. •"Irish people,"as they were called, from Nutfield, had already. built a fort on the east Bide of the river, as will fully appear in the sequel. CHAPTER III. THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. The period had now arrived, in the order of Divine Providence, when the territory which had so long been desired and sought for a settlement, should become tho abode of civilized fife — when the " wilderness should be made glad," and the desert become vocal with the praises of God. In this chapter we shall narrate all the measures that were adopted for the settlement of the place, and detail every incident of importance that attended the enterprise. While, for the general reader, we give a con nected narrative of events, with original documents, anecdotes and illustrations, we would direct particular attention, also, to the Records of the Proprietors,* which were kept with great accuracy and care, and which are exactly copied and transferred to the printed page, except, in some cases, the notifications of *PR0PRIET0RS' RECORDS. THE ORDER OF THE GREAT AND GENERAL COURT. The committee appointed to consider what is proper for this Court to do on the petition of Benjamin Stevens and others, are humbly of opinion, that it will be for the interest and advantage of this Province that part of the lands peti tioned for by the said Benjamin Stevens and company, be assigned and set apart for a township : provided, that the same be done in a good, regular and defensi ble manner, to contain seven miles square, and begin where Contoocook river falls into Merrimack river, and thence to extend upon a course east seventeen degrees north three miles, and upon a course west seventeen degrees south four miles, to be the northerly bounds of the said township ; and from the extreme parts of that lino to be set off southerly at right angles, until seven miles shall be accomplished from the said north bounds. And that the petitioners may be encouraged and fully empowered to prosecute their intended settlements — Or- 58 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. meetings are left out. The records embraced in this chapter extend through the period — about seven years — that Penacook was a plantation, and until incorporated into a township. It will be perceived that the dates of the records are according to the old style, when the year commenced the 25th of March instead of the 1st of January. The petition of June, 1725, it appears, was successful. On the 17th of January following " the Great and General Court " decided " that it will be for the interest and advantage of this Province, that part of the Lands petitioned for by the said Ben jamin Stevens and Company be assigned and set apart for a Township — provided that the same be done in a good, regular and defensible manner — and to contain seven miles square." A committee of nine, of whom the Hon. William Tailer, Esq., Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts, twenty-seven years, was chairman, and John Wainwright, Esq., clerk, was at the same time appointed by the court to take special care that the rules and conditions on which the grant was made should be punctually observed and kept by all such as shall be admitted as settlers — particularly that the land be allotted and divided into one hun dred and three equal parts and shares, as to quantity and quality, and_ that one hundred persons or families — such only as in the judgment of the committee shall be well able to pursue and bring to pass their several settlements — should be admitted. Each settler to pay five pounds for his lot ; be obliged to build a good house for his family within three years ; break up and sufficiently fence in six acres of land within the same time ; that the houses should be erected within twenty rods of each other, on the home lots, and in a regular and defensible manner ; and that a con venient house for the public worship of God should be completely dered, That the Hon. William Tailer, Esq., Elisba Cooke, Esq., Spencer Phipps, Esq., William Dudley, Esq., John Wainwright, Esq., Capt. John Shipley, Mr. John Saunders, Eleazar Tyng, Esq., and Mr. Joseph Wilder, (any five of whom to be a quorum,) be a committee to take special care, that the following rules and conditions be punctually observed and kept by all such as shall be admitted to bring forward the proposed settlements, namely : That the aforesaid tract of land be allotted and divided into one hundred and three equal parts and shares, as to quantity and quality ; and that one hundred persons or families be admitted, such only as in the judgment of the committee PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 59 finished within the three years. The settlers were also to pay twenty shillings each for the privilege of admittance, and to defray the whole expense of cutting a road through the wilder ness to the plantation ; of laying out the land into lots by sur veyors and chainmen, and also the charges of the committee of the Great and General Court. The remaining three rights were reserved : one for the first settled minister ; one for a par sonage, and one " for the use of the school forever." The grant of the township being made, the next object was to begin and carry forward the settlement safely, but as expedi tiously as possible. Accordingly, on the 2d of February, 1725, the committee of the General Court met at the house of Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, in Haverhill, for the purpose of admitting settlers. In this matter they proceeded with great care and caution. Persons were not admitted merely because they had petitioned for it ; but the committee inquired into their character and their ability to fulfil the conditions. To aid them in this they officially invited some of the principal inhabitants of the towns to which the generality of the petitioners belonged, to attend and give the committee information of the circumstances of the petitioners and others, " in order to the admitting of such as shall be thought most suitable." After such careful inquiry and examination, the requisite number — one hundred — was admitted. Among this number, as appears in the fist on record, were the Rev. Samuel Phillips, of Andover, Rev. Bezaleel Top- pan, son of Rev. Christopher Toppan, of Newbury, and Rev. Enoch Coffin, then a young preacher, also of Newbury. The shall be well able to pursue and bring to pass their several settlements on the said lands within the space of three years at farthest from the first day of June next : That each and every intended settler to whom a lot, with the rights and privileges thereto belonging, shall be assigned, shall pay into the hands of the committee, for the use of the Province, at the time of drawing his lot, the sum of five pounds, and be obliged to build a good dwelling-house, fit comfortably to receive and entertain a family who shall inhabit the same ; and also break up and sufficiently fence in six acres of land for their home lot, within the term aforesaid : And that the first fifty settlements shall be begun and perfected upon the eastern side of said river Merrimack, and the several houses shall be erected on their home lots not above twenty rods the one from the other, where the land will possibly admit thereof, in the most regular and defensible manner, the com mittee, in their best prudence, can project and order ; the houses and home lots 60 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. following letters from Rev. Mr. Toppan and Rev. Mr. Phillips will evince the deep interest which was felt in respect to the admission of settlers. LETTER OF REV. CHRISTOPHER TOPPAN, OF NEWBURY. Newb: Febr: 2, 1726. May it please your Honors: It was my design to have waited on your Honours and the other Gentlemen appointed to be a Committee for Granting Lotts at Penny- Cooke, but being at present bodily Indisposed, durst not venture so far from home, have therefore sent my Sons to wait on you, and, in my name, to Request y' you'd be pleased to Grant me or them a Lott amongst the Rest, and the Conditions of ye Grant shall be per formed by my Self or them. And if your Honours would give me leave, I 'd mention a few things relating to the Affair now before you, as 1. That it seems Just y* Consideration be had to one Town as well as another, and that there be some Proportion, in that respect, as to the Number of Persons in each that the Lotts are granted to. 2. That those who have at any time before had Lotts allowed them in any New Township, should be excluded now. 3. That the Persons to whom the Lotts are granted be obliged [if it may be] to keep their Lotts and not sell ym to others, at least not without the leave of the majr part of the Society to whom the rest of ye Lotts belong. Some, no doubt, will desire Lotts under no other view than to make gain by Selling of ym afterwards, [and 'tis pitty such should have any.] Besides, if the Lotts should be presently bought and sold, it will be likely some of ym at least may fall into the hands of Persons very undesirable for the first Settlement of a place. 4. That the Persons to whom the Lotts are granted be obliged, at their first Settling on the place, to build a Garrison or Block-House for their defence, and so live as near it as with Convenience may be ; for it will be very unsafe at first for enny one to build and dwell on his own Lott. This will too much expose ym to ye Indians, in whom little trust is at any time to be putt ; besides, we may expect they '1 on each side of the river to be alike subjected unto the above-mentioned condi tions. That a convenient house for the public worship of God be completely finished within the term aforesaid, for the accommodation of all such as shall inhabit the aforesaid tract of land, npon such part thereof as shall be agreed upon by the aforesaid Committee, for the ease of the community ; and that there shall be reserved, allotted, and laid out to the first minister that shall be lawfully settled among them, one full right, share, and proportion of and in the aforesaid tract of land, with all rights and privileges thereto belonging : his house lot to be laid out next adjoining to the land whereon the meeting-house shall stand. One other full right, share, and proportion of and in the aforesaid tract of land, PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 61 not a little resent it, when yy come to understand that we are Settling upon a former noted Settlement of theirs. 5. That in case the Tract of Land at Penny-Cooke [the Settlement whereof is Designed] was formerly purchased of ye Indians [as I have heard it was, tho' I know not by whom,] it seems but Just that He or They so purchasing, should have reasonable allowance made ym out of the Lotts that shall be granted, as shall be to their satisfaction ; for that Right I take to be the best in ye Eye of Concience, what ever it be in the Eye of the Law; besides, I know not how the Title can fairly be Justified against the Indians, if at any time they should demand it, but under the consideration of a former purchase. Many other things might have been added, but 'tis not for me to direct your Honours. Begging therefore pardon, for my boldness in offering what I have, I take leave, so Subscribe my Self your Hon our's most humble and obedient Servant, Christopher Toppan. REV. SAMUEL PHILLIPS' LETTER FOR ADMITTANCE. For his Honour William Tailor, Esqr, and ye other Honorable Gentlemen of y' Committee for Pennecook, now at Haverhill. For the Honorable members of ye Board and House w° constitute the Committee for ye Settlement of Pennecook, now Convened at Haverhill : Gentlemen, — Having Intelligence y* the Great and General Court have allowed of ye Settlement of Pennecook, and made choice of your Honours to Effect and Complete the Same; and I the Subscriber, being one of y" Petitioners [and having Expended somew1 already,] humbly pray yl your Honours will please to Enter me one of ye Proprietors. I have Sons* growing up, and the Land wcn I am here setled upon is Parsonage land. The Articles I hope to fulfill, altho' I may not be an Inhabitant there. to be appropriated for the use of the school forever ; and one other ministerial lot of equal value with the rest — the home lot appertaining thereto affixed near to the meeting-house. And for the better enabling the intended settlers to per fect what they are hereby enjoined, and empowering them to remove all such lets and impediments as they may meet with in their progress and lawful under taking, that when and so soon as there shall be one hundred persons accepted and allowed by the Committee to go on and improve those lands for the ends and uses above specified, upon application made to the aforesaid Committee, it shall and may be lawful for them to notify the undertakers to meet at some con- * Two of these sons, John and Samuel, were founders of Andover Academy, and the former was the founder of Exeter Academy and of the Phillips' Professorship of Divinity in Dart mouth College. 62 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. Pray Excuse my not waiting upon your Honours in person, being obligd this day to attend part of ye Duty and Business of my office. Intreating that ye Direction and Benediction of Heaven may al ways accompany you, I ask Leave [Gentlemen] to subscribe my Self your Honours' most humble and Obed« Serv1, Andover, Feb : 2 : 1725/6. Samuel Pm™ps- The persons who had the honor of being admitted on such conditions as settlers, proceeded with energy, and with entire unanimity, to forward their object. To save the committee of the General Court the trouble and expense of coming again from Boston, upon application of the admitted settlers, another meeting was held on the 7 th of February, at which, with the approval of the committee, the settlers unanimously agreed and resolved to fulfil all the conditions and orders of the Court re specting the settlement; and in case of any settler failing to comply with said conditions and orders within two years and a half from the 1st day of June next, such settler shall absolutely forfeit the lot or lots by him drawn, with all the improvements thereon, to the other settlers. Also, it was agreed and resolved " tJiat no alienation of any Lott shall be made without the consent of the Community," on penalty of forfeiting the same. This regulation was in accordance with the suggestion of Rev. Chris topher Toppan, and probably with special reference to the exclusion of the " Irish people" against whom a strong preju dice then existed. At this meeting, moreover, the committee of the court voted to appoint surveyors, and chainmen to attend them when they should go, to allot the said tract of land into one hundred and three shares, according to order ; to meet at Dunstable, on the venient time and place, they being seasonably notified of snch meeting, who, when assembled, shall make such necessary rules and orders as to them shall be thought most conducible for the carrying forward and effecting the aforesaid settlement ; provided, that three fourth parts of the persons present at such meeting are consenting to what rules or orders shall be then proposed and agreed upon, two or more of the Committee to be present at snch meeting, who shall enter into a fair book, to be kept for that purpose, all snch rules, orders, and directions agreed on as aforesaid, and give out copies thereof when re quired ; the whole charge of the Committee to be paid by the settlers. And that when they shall have performed the conditions above expressed, provided it PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 63 5th of April next, at the house of Col. Tyng, in order to proceed thence to Penacook to lay out the land into lots ; that Col. Tyng be desired to prepare fifteen days provisions for twenty men, and that the settlers be notified to pay the sum of forty shillings for defraying the charges of the committee, and " that the money be ready at Col. Tyng's, at Dunstable, on or before the 5th day of April next." 1726. On account of engagements as members of the General Court, the committee found it necessary to postpone the laying out of the lands at Penacook until the second Tuesday (10th) of May, 1726. They then started from Haverhill, with surveyors and chainmen, and " a number of admitted settlers attending them," and proceeded to Penacook and laid out one hundred and three home lots, or divisions, on the west side of the river, instead of the east side, as at first proposed. This was done with consent of the General Court, for reasons assigned, viz. : That " upon view and strict survey of the Lands on the East side of Merrymack, we find that there is little or no water ; the Land near the River extream mountainous and almost impassible, and very unfit for and uncapable of receiving fifty families, as the Court has or dered ; more especially, considering that near the centre of the Town, on the East side of the River Merrymack, the Honourable Samuel Sewall, Esq., has a farm of Five Hundred acres of good be within the space of three years, as before limited, that then the said Commit tee for and in behalf of this Court execute good and sufficient deeds and con veyances in the law, to all such settlers for the aforesaid tract of land, with all the rights, members, profits, privileges and immunities thereon standing, grow ing or being, for the sole use of them, their heirs and assigns forever, with a saving of all or any former grant or grants. By order of the Committee. N. Btfield. In Council, January nth, 1725. Read and ordered that this Report be ac cepted. Sent down for concurrence. J. TVlLLAED, Sec'ry. In the House of Representatives, January 17, 1725. Read and concurred — Wm. Dudley, Speaker. Consented to— Wm. Dummeh. *See Documentary Chapter — Endicot Grant, Ice, No. 1, chap. iii. 64 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. -Land, formerly granted by this Court and laid out to Gov. En- dicot."* This description refers chiefly to the high banks and bluffs that border the Interval on the east side of the river. Judge Sewall's farm embraced the island known by that name, and the intervals, with some upland east of it, including the farms now owned by Mr. Samuel B. Larkin, Samuel B. and John Locke, and what is known as the Thatcher farm.* The first survey and laying out of the house and home lots, with the incidents connected therewith, are graphically related in the journal kept by John Wainwright, Esq., clerk of the General Court's committee, of which the following is an exact copy— every word of which is interesting to read. A Journal of the proceedings of tlie Committee appointed by ike Great and General Court or Assembly to lay out a New Township of seven miles square, al Penny Cook, on each side of Merrimack River : 1726. Tuesday, May 101* This Day, the Committee met at the House of Ebenezer Eastman, in Haverhill, in order to go to Penny Cook to lay out the Township according to order. Wednesday, May 11^ Present — The Honbls William Tailer, Esq!1, Jn° Wainwright, Esqf, Cap'. Jn° Shipley, Eleazer Tyng, Esqf, and M* Joseph Wilder. This day, the Committee received of several of ye Setlers forty shillings each, a list where of was taken : being to defray the charge of surveying the Lands, &c. ; and prepared the necessary provisions for their Journey and their Attendants to Penny Cook. Lowry Weather, with some rain. Tlmrsday, May 12^ Early this Morning, the Committee above named, with M*, John Sanders, one other of the sd Committee, begun their Journey from Haverhill, in order for Penny Cook, being at tended by twenty six persons, including the Surveyors, Chainmen, and such of the intended Settlers as were disposed to take a view of the Lands. About half ways between Nutfield and Haverhill, at a ADDITIONAL GRANT TO PENNY COOK, ATJG'T 1, 1728. At a Great and General Court, or Assembly, for His Majesty's Province of the Massachusetts Bay, in New-England, began and held at Boston, upon Wednesday, the twenty-ninth of May, 1728, and con tinned by prorogation to Wednesday, the twenty-fourth of July following, and then met August 6, 1728 — in the House of Representatives, upon a motion made and seconded in behalf of the Penny Cook settlers — Resolved, That in consideration of the five hun dred acres of land formerly confirmed by this Court to satisfy a grant made to the late Governor Endicott, which falls within their boundaries, the settlers be * For plan of the farm, see large Map. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 65 place called Providence Brook, we bated : About eleven or twelve of the Clock we arrived at Nutfield, alias Londonderry, and refreshed Our Selves and Horses with our own provisions at the House of one John Barr, an Irish Tavern keeper, as we were informed •; but we had nothing of him but Small Beer. Expences for our Trouble at ye House, 53. About one or two, we proceeded on our Journey. This afternoon we forded two Brooks or Rivuletts, call Great and little, which proceeded from Great Massa Beseck and little Massabeseck Ponds and Empty themselves into Merrimack ; and about Five a Clock we arrived at a place called Amoskeeg Falls, on Merrimack River, and there Encamped that night. At Amoskeeg Falls we found several Irish people catching fish, which that place affords in great abundance. We travelled in a Cart path from Nutfield to Amoskeeg, but it was very indifferent travelling. Cloudy Weather. Friday, May 131* This morning we proceeded on our Journey. Very Hilly and Mountainous Land. About Eight a'Clock we pass'd by a Fall called OnnahookliDe, in Merrimack River, which is taken from a Hill of the same name. About Nine a'Clock we forded a pretty deep Brook or Rivulett, called [a blank,] and soon after we came upon a large Tract of Intervale Land, joining to Suncook River, where we baited and refreshed our Selves and Horses. About ten or eleven a'Clock we forded Suncook River, which is a rapped Stream, and many loose stones of some Considerable Bigness in it, making it and hereby are allowed and empowered, by a surveyor and chainman, on oath, to extend the south bounds of that township one hundred rods, the full- breadth of their town, and the one hundred rods of land is accordingly granted and con firmed unto them as an equivalent for the aforesaid five hundred acres. In Council : read and concurked. Consented to: W. Bcrnett. A true copy : Examined by Thad. Mason, Deputy Sec'ry. A true copy : Examined by Benja. Rot.ee, Proprietors' Clerk. At a meeting [held in the Council Chamber in Boston, the eighteenth day of January, Anno Domini 1725,] of the Committee of the Great and General Court or Assembly, appointed at their session began and held at Boston, upon Wednesday, the third day of November, 1725, Anno y R. Georgii. Mag. Brittan- nias, &c. duodecimo, for bringing forward and settling a tract of land at a place called Penny Cook, on each side of Merrimack river, to begin where Contoo cook empties itself into Merrimack : present, The Honorable William Tailer, Esqr., Elisha Cook, Esqr., William Dudley, Esqr., John Wainwright, Esq., Capt. John Shipley, Mr. John Saunders, Eleazar Tyng, Esqr., and Mr. Joseph Wilder. Voted, That John Wainwright, Esq., be Clerk. 5 66 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. difficult to pass. One of our men going over, having a heavy load on his Horse, was thrown off into the River, and lost one of the Baggs of provisions, which we lost, not having time to look after it. Another of our men fell into ye River. Here we met with two men Col? Tyng sent up before us with some stores, [Benj» Niccolls and Ebenr. Virgin, two of y° setlers;] and about one a'Clock we passed Penny Cook River, [alias Shew Brook or Sow Cook ;] pretty deep and very rocky. Here one of our Men tumbled into the River. In a short time after we came up as far as Penny Cook Falls, on Merri mack River, and then we steered our Course North, and travelled over a large pitch pine plain, [indifferent Land,] about three miles at least in Length, and proceeded on our Journey : and about five a'Clock, afternoon, we arrived at Penny Cook, and Encamped on a piece of Intervale Land or plain called Sugar Ball plain, which takes its name from a very high Head or Hill, called Sugar Ball Hill, whereon was the first Indian Fort, as we were informed, which the Indians in old times built to defend themselves from the Maquois and others their Enemies. — Just as we were making up our Camp, Voted, That a book be bought for entering the votes and orders of the com mittee, and for the use of the community. Voted, That the committee meet on Wednesday, the second day of February next, at the house of Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, inn-holder, in Haverhill. Voted, That the clerk prepare advertisements of the above said meeting of the committee, in the words following, viz. : " Pursuant to an order of the Great and General Conrt, or Assembly, at a session began and held at Boston, upon Wednesday, the third day of November, 1725, appointing a committee to bring forward a settlement of a tract of land at a place called Penny Cook — " Public Notice is hereby given that the said committee have appointed to meet at the house of Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, inn-holder, in Haverhill, on Wednesday, the second day of February next, to treat with a number of per sons, petitioners for the said tract of land, and others, in order to bring forward a settlement thereon according to the directions of the General Court. By order of the Committee, John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. Dated at Boston, 18th day of Jan'ry, 1725. At a meeting of the committee of the General Court for bringing forward the settlement of a tract of land at Penny Cook, begun and held at the house of Ebenezer Eastman, in Haverhill, the second day of February, 1725 — Present, John Wainwright, Esqr., Capt. John Shipley, Mr. John Sanders, Eleazar Tyng, Esqr., and Mr. Joseph Wilder. There being but just a quorum of the committee present, and Mr. Chairman, with the remainder of the committee, being detained on the road by reason of the extremity of the weather, — Ordered, That the meeting be adjourned till to morrow morning, ten o'clock. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 67 there came up a smart Thunder Shower, and we had enough to do to save our Bread from the Rain. This Sugar Ball plain is a pretty large Tract of Land, encompassed on all parts with very high and mountainous Land, as steep as the Roof of an House ordinarily: only where the River runs round it, which encompasses the other parts of it. It is altogether impracticable for a Team, or indeed Horse Cart to get on ye plains, ye land is so mountainous round it ; and there is no Spring on it, as we could find. Saturday, May 14^* This Morning Early we got together the Surveyors and Chainmen, and set them to Survey the Township ac cording to the General Court's order. Mr. Jonas Houghton, Sur veyor, with Jonathan Shipley, Josiah Cop, Moses Hazzeu and Benj? Niccolls, Chainmen, being first Sworn truly and faithfully to discharge their respective Duty and Trust in taking the Survey, were sent to run the line of the Township, according to ye Court's Grant : to begin on ye East side the River, where Contoocook falls into Merri mack. Mr. Josiah Bacheldor, Surveyor, with John , Ens. John Chandler, Chainmen, being first duly sworn, were appointed to Survey the Interval, on the East side of the River; Mr. Richard Hazzen, JunF, Surveyor, with John Ayer, John Sanders, Junr, Chain- Thursday, Feb'ry 3d, 1725. At a meeting of the committee — PBESENT, The Honorable William Tailer, Esqr., Elisha Cook, Esqr., John Wainwright, Esqr.. Capt. John Shipley, Mr. John Saunders, Eleazar Tyng, Esqr., Spencer Phipps, Esq., and Mr. Joseph Wilder — Agreed and Voted, That some of the principal inhabitants of the towns to which the generality of the petitioners belong, be desired to attend the commit tee, and inform them of the circumstances of the petitioners and others, in order to the committee's admitting such of them as shall be thought most suitable for bringing forward the settlement of Penny Cook. Capt. John White, Mr. Oba- diah Ayer and Capt. Joshua Bayley, of Haverhill ; Capt. Benjamin Stevens, Messrs. John Chandler and John Osgood, of Andover ; Messrs. Moses Day and David Kimball, of Bradford, did accordingly attend the committee. Then the committee adjourned till to-morrow morning, ten o'clock. Friday, Feb'ry 4th, 1725. At a meeting of the committee : Present the same as yesterday. The committee proceeded to inquire further into the circumstances of the petitioners and others who appeared and were desirous to be admitted to bring forward the intended settlement, and admitted several of them. Then the committee adjourned till to-morrow morning, ten o'clock. Saturday, Feb. 5th, 1725. At a meeting of the committee : Present as before. The committee further proceeded to admit settlers, and completed the number according to the order of Court. A list whereof follows, each of whom paid 68 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. men, being first duely Sworn, were appointed to survey the Intervale on ye West side of the River Merrimack, in which Service they sev erally proceeded. About Twelve of the Clock this day, Mess'.8 Nath) Weare, Richard Waldron, JunF, and Theadore Atkinson, a Com mittee appointed by the LI Gov', and Council of New Hampshire, came up to our Camp, [being attended with about half a score Irish men, who kept some Distance from the Camp,] and acquainted us that the Governm' of New Hampshire, being informed of our Busi ness here, had sent them to desire us that we would not proceed in appropriating these Lands to any private or particular persons, for that they lay in their Government ; and our Governments making a twenty shillings to Mr. Chairman, upon their admittance to pay and defray the charge of the committee, viz. : Zebediah Barker, John Osgood, Benjamin Parker, Moses Day, John Sanders, Robert Kimball, Nathaniel Abbott, Stephen Osgood, John Wright, Ebenezer Stevens, Thomas Page, Robert Peaslee, John Grainger, Timothy Johnson, William White, Samuel Reynolds, Nath'l Lovejoy, John Saunders, jun., John Chandler, Thomas Blanchard, Joseph Parker, Nathan Parker, John Foster, Ephraim Farnum, Mr. Samuel Phillips, Eben'r Eastman, David Kimball, Nicholas White, John Merrill, Samuel Grainger, Benja. Stevens, Esqr., Eben'r Lovejoy, William Barker, James Parker, Christopher Carlton, John Austin, Samuel Kimball, Nath'l Clement, Samuel Ayer, Joseph Davis, Nehemiah Heath, Nath'l Sanders, Abraham Foster, Nath'l Barker, Samuel Davis, Samuel Toppan, Am mi Ruhamah Wise, Jonathan Pulsepher, John Ayer, Thomas Perley, for Nath'l Cogswell, David Dodge, Benja. Carlton, Nath'l Page, Edward Clark, Ephraim Davis, Stephen Emerson, Andrew Mitchell, Benja. Gage, Nath'l Peaslee, William Gutterson, Enoch Coffin, Richard TJrann, Ephraim Hildreth, Thomas Colman, David Wood, Joseph Hale, Nehemiah Carlton, John Mattis, William Whittier, Joseph Page, John Bayley, Joseph Hall, Benjamin Niccolls, John Jaques, Bezaliel Toppan, Nathaniel Jones, Eben'r Virgin, Thomas Wicomb, John Peabody, Jona. Hubbard, for Daniel Davis, Jacob Eames, Joshua Bayley, Richard Coolidge, Isaac Walker, James Simonds, John Coggin, Jacob Abbott, Moses Hazzen, Moses Bordman, Nathan Fiske, Zerobbabel Snow, Nathan Blodgett, John Pecker, Richard Hazzen, jr., Isaac Learned, Jonathan Shipley, Edward Winn, Nathan Simonds, Obadiah Ayer, Henry Rolfe. 100. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 69 Grant might be attended with very 111 Consequences to the Settlers, when it appeared the Lands fell in New Hampshire Government — and then they delivered a Copy of an order pass'd by thr Honour, the L'. Govr. and Council of New Hampshire, respecting the Setling of the Land at Penny Cook, to which we refer. We made them answer, That the Government of the Massachusetts Bay had sent us to lay the Lands here into a Township ; that they had made a Grant of it to some particular men, and that we should proceed to do the Business we were come upon, and made no doubt but our Govern- The committee received the following application from the admitted settlers, viz.: To the Honorable Committee of the General Court, for bringing forward the settle ment of Penny Cook. We, the subscribers, being admitted settlers at Penny Cook, and being very desirous that the settlement may be brought forward with the greatest expedi tion, according to the rules and directions of the General Court, do therefore request that the community may bo notified to appear at the house of Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, in Haverhill, on Monday, the seventh day of this instant, February, at twelve of the clock in said day, in order to make such necessary rules and orders as shall be thought most conducible for the bringing forward our intended settlements, agreeable to the order of Court. - Benjamin Stevens, Jonathan Hubbard, Robert Kimball, Ammi Rhuhamah Wise, Thomas Pearlcy, Samuel Reynolds, Ephraim Hildreth, John Sanders, Joseph Hale, Obadiah Ayer, John Pecker, Thomas Wicomb, Joshua Bayley, Nathan Blodgett, Ebenezer Eastman, Edward Clarke, Thomas Colman, Nathan Simonds, Andrew Mitchell, Enoch Coffin, James Simonds, Zerobbabcl Snow, Nehemiah Carlton, Jacob Abbott, John Coggin, Bezaliel Toppan, John Jaques, John Peabody, Nehemiah Heath, Benjamin Gage, Stephen Emerson, Ephraim Farnum, Nathaniel Page, Henry Rolfe, William Barker, Jacob Eames, William White, Samuel Kimball, Benja. Carlton, David Dodge, Isaac Walker, Samuel Ayer, John Grainger, John Osgood, Nath'l Barker, Thomas Page, Joseph Page, Benja. Parker, Samuel Toppan, Nath'l Clement, John Mattis, Richard Hazzen, jun'r, David Kimball, Moses Hazzen, Nathaniel Sanders, Edward Winn, Joseph Davis, John Foster, Samuel Davis, Ephraim Davis, John Merrill, Nathan Parker, Nath'l Peaslee, John Chandler, Nicholas White, Nath'l Lovejoy, Moses Day. Ebenezer Stevens, And the committee having considered thereof, and for tho avoiding considera ble charge to the settlers, did concede to make the following order, viz. ; 70 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. ment would be always ready to Support and Justifie their own Grants, and that it was the Bisness of the publick and not ours to Engage in, in order to determine any Controversy about the Lands. We sent our Salutes to the L'. Gov1: of New Hampshire, and the Gent1.11 took their Leave of us and w' homeward this afternoon. The Surveyors and Chainmen returned to us in Safety about Sun down. Fair Weather. Sabbath day, May 15? This day Mr. Enoch Coffin, our Chaplain, performed divine Service both parts of the day. Fair and Cool. At a meeting of the committee for bringing forward the settlement at Penny Cook — PRESENT, The Honorable William Tailer, Esq., Elisha Cook, Esq., Spencer Phipps, Esq., John Wainwright, Esq., Capt. John Shipley, Mr. John Saunders, Eleazar Tyng, Esq., and Mr. Joseph Wilder. Agreed and Voted, That proper notifications be given to the intended settlers now admitted, to assemble and convene in order for the making the necessary rules and orders, and at the time and place as within mentioned and requested. Attest: John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. Dated at Haverhill, February ye 5th, 1725. Then the clerk published the said order to the settlers. Then the committee adjourned till Monday, ye 7th curr't, at 10 o'clock before noon. Monday, February ye 1th, 1725. At a meeting of the committee — present, the same as last. Agreed and Voted, That there be two surveyors and four chainmen to attend the committee upon the next adjournment, to allot out the said tract of land into one hundred and three equal parts and shares, according to the order of the General Court. The settlers came into the following orders and rules for their future regula tion and proceedings in their intended settlement, viz. . At a meeting of the subscribers, admitted settlers of the land at Penny Cook, held at the house of Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, in Haverhill, the seventh day of February, 1725, the committee of the General Court for bringing forward the said settlement being present, and the subscribers being duly notified, the follow ing rules and orders were unanimously agreed on and resolved, viz. : That the settlers will well and truly fulfil the conditions and orders of the Great and General Court for bringing forward the settlement at Penny Cook to all intents and purposes ; and for the effectual accomplishing the same, it is agreed and resolved, That such and so many of the intended settlers as shall fail of plowing, fencing or clearing of one acre of land within twelve months from the first day of June next, shall each of them forfeit and pay to the community or settlers the sum of five pounds, to be used and employed for their service as they shall direct and order. In case of failure of complying with the aforesaid article for bringing forward the intended settlement within two years from the said first day of June, and of PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 71 Monday, May 16* This morning at Sun Rising, according to Notification, we choose a Representative, nem. con., vizJ, Mr. Jn° San ders. Early this morning the Surveyors and Chainmen went out to their Business respectively. Four of the Company that came out with us returned to Haverhill this day. At night the Surveyors returned. M^ Hougton's Company brought in a Bever. Mr. Haz- zen's acquainted us they had caught a Hedge Hogg. . Fine clear Weather. Tuesday, May 17? This morning Early Mr. Houghton and Com pany went over to the West side of the River, in order to run the Line of the Town on that side, and took two days' provision. Ml Bacheldor and Company went on with Surveying the Interval on ye East side of the River. Mr. Hazzen and Company went on with- Surveying ye Interval on ye West side of ye River. At Night the two last Surveyors and their Companys returned, and gave an acco1 that they had Surveyed the Interval on each side of the River. Mr. Bacheldor informed the Committee that he was of opinion that Govr. Endecott's Grant of 500 Acres of Land claimed by the Honble Judge Sewall, lay on ye Interval on the. East side the River; that he discovered an Island in ye River very much like that in the plan of y6 sd 500 acre Grant. Fair pleasant Weather. each settler having a sufficiency of timber felled, hauled, and adapted for build ing his house within six months after the direction of the committee of the Gen eral Court for building the same, such defective settler or settlers shall forfeit and pay the sum of ten pounds each, to be used and employed as aforesaid. And in case of any settler or settlers failing to comply with the orders and directions enjoined him or them respectively, by the General Court, for bringing forward and effectually completing the settlement within two years and a half from the said first day of June next, such settler or settlers shall absolutely for feit the lot or lots by him or them drawn, with all the improvements that shall be made thereon to the other settlers ; and in such case it shall be in the power of the other settlers, with the consent of the committee of the General Court, to appoint and admit such person or persons to bring forward the settlements or allotments of the deficient persons as aforesaid, as may be judged will effectu ally bring forward the settlements according to the Court's order. Agreed and Resolved, That no alienation of any lot shall be made without the consent of the community ; and if any of the intended settler or settlers shall alienate his or their lots or settlements, to any person or persons, without the consent of the community first had and obtained, such sale shall be declared void of itself, and the settler that shall so pretend to alienate his lot shall forfeit the same to the community. Agreed and Voted, That Messrs. Timothy Johnson, Moses Day and Joshua Bayley bo a committee, in the name of the settlers, to wait on the Honorable Committee of the General Court for giving out notifications proper for the set tlers to assemble and convene for the future, as shall hereafter be thought neces sary. Agreed and Voted, That Mr. Obadiah Aver be desired and empowered, in the 72 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. Wednesday, May ye 18? This morning Early some of ye Com mittee went over to y° West side of the River with Mr. Hazzen and Company, and some of them with Mr. Batcheldor and Comp», to lay out the Home Lotts according to the order of y6 General Court. On ye West side the Committee and Surveyor met with Great Difficulty to find a tract large enough to lay out the Number of Lotts and their contents agreeable to the Court's Act, but at length agreed they should be lay'd out on the Great Interval, over against Sugar Plain and the Land next adjoining thereto, having first made a Beginning on the Upland next adjoining to the Interval : but found it imprac ticable if not impossible to lay out the Land there into Six Acre Lotts so as to be fenced and broken up within Three Years : the con- name of the settlers, to examine the General Court's Records, and see if there be any former grant made of any of the lands now granted and ordered to be settled at Penny Cook, and report to the settlers at their next meeting. Benjamin Stevens, Henry Rolfe, Enoch Coffin, Edward Clark, Stephen Osgood, Zerubbabel Snow, Timothy Johnson, William Barker, John Osgood, David Kimball, Joseph Davis, David Dodge, Ammi Rhuhamah Wise, John Chandler, Moses Day, Ebenezer Eastman, John Pecker, Isaac Walker, John Saunders, junr., Nathan Simonds, John Coggin, ObadiahAyer, Nehemiah Carlton, Ephraim Hildreth, Jacob Eames, Nehemiah Heath, John Peabody, ' John Sanders, Benja. Carlton, Samuel Kimball, Andrew Mitchell, Joshua Bayley, Nathan Blodgett, Thomas Blanchard, James Simonds, Robert Kimball, Ephraim Farnum, Bis Saml. X Reynolds, muk. Richard Hazzen, jun., Nath'l Sanders, Joseph Hale, Sam'l Grainger, Bis Edward X Winn, Mtt Benjamin Parker, John Merrill, Nath'l Barker, Robert Peaslee, Benja. Gage, Abraham X Fosters, mirk. Jonathan Hubbard, Joseph Parker, Hi! John X Mattis, mark. A true copy of the original. Attest : John Wainwbioht, C. Clerk. Then the committee adjourned till to-morow morning, ten o'clock. Bezaliel Toppan, William Gutterson, Nicholas White, Thomas Wicomb, Thomas Page, John Grainger, Nath'l Abbott, Ebenezer Lovejoy, Moses Hazzen, Nathan Lovejoy, Nathan Parker, Joseph Hall, Jonathan Shipley, Richard TJrann, Thomas Colman, Joseph Page, Ebenezer Stevens, Nath'l Clement, John Wright, John Austen, Stephen Emerson, John Jaques, William White, Nath'l Page, Nath'l Peaslee, Samuel Ayer. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 73 tents being too large wholly to be lay'd out there. Towards Evening Mr. Houghton and Company returned to ye Camp from the Line on the West side of the River, and at Evening the other two Surveyors and Comp* returned. Mr. Bacheldor informed they had taken ye Copy of Govr. Endicott's Grant, and been upon the' Land they supposed to be the Land laid out formerly and Surveyed to satisfie the sd Grant ; that it agreed Exactly with the plan, and consisted principally of In terval Land, and that the Grant extended down the River within Eighty pole of the place where the Irish people had lately built a Tuesday, February ye 6th, 1725. At a meeting of the committee — present, the same as before. Mr. Wainwright, clerk to the committee, was sworn to the faithful execution of his office. Coram : Elisha Cooke, J. Pads. A true copy of the original : Examined by John Wainwright, C. Clerk. Agreed and Voted, That the committee meet at the house of Col. Tyng, at Dunstable, on Tuesday, the fifth day of April next, in order to proceed to Penny Cook, to lay out the land into lots, according to the Court's order. Agreed and Voted, That Col. Tyng be desired to prepare fifteen days' provis ions for twenty men. Ordered, That the clerk put up notifications that the committee expect and direct each of the intended settlers to pay into the hands of the committee they have appointed for application for calling of meetings, the sum of forty shillings, for defraying the charge of the committee,' the money to be ready at Col. Tyng's, at Dunstable, on or before the fifth day of April next. Attest : John Wainwright, C. Clerk. March ye 26M, 1726. Upon advice from Mr. Chairman, that the General Court would sit on the thirteenth of April next, and the committee being mem bers of the Court, notifications were given out that the committee could not meet at the time proposed to go to Penny Cook. At a meeting of the committee for bringing forward the settlement at Penny Cook, held at the house of Francis Holmes, in Boston, April 14, 1726 : present, The Honorable William Tailer, Esqr., Spencer Phipps, Esqr., William Dud ley, Esqr., John Wainwright, Esqr., Capt. John Shipley, Sir. John Sanders, Eleazar Tyng, Esq., and Mr. Joseph Wilder. Agreed and Voted, That the committee proceed to Haverhill on the second Tuesday of May next, in order to go to Penny Cook to lay out the lots and settlements, agreeable to the General Court's order. Agreed and Voted, That Mr. Wilder provide one surveyor and Mr. Wain wright provide the other. Agreed and Voted, That the settlers' committee, viz., Messrs. Timothy John son, Moses Day and Joshua Bayley, be desired to notify tho settlers to get ready 74 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. fort : so that there remained but a small quantity of Interval, which would accommodate not half a score Home Lotts : so they had not laid any Lotts out that side the River. This day, fine pleasant Weather. It may be observed that divers Rattle Snakes were killed dayley by the several Companys in Surveying, but Thanks be to God no Body received any Harm from them. Thursday, May y' 19^* This Morning the Com*88 agreed to send Mr. Houghton and M^ Hazzen, with ye Chainmen, (some of the Com mittee concluding to be with them,) to finish the laying out the Lotts fifteen days' provision for the committee and their attendants, which will be about twenty persons, with the committee. Agreed and Voted, That the settlers' committee be desired to notify the settlers that the committee expect and direct each of them to pay forty shillings to their Committee, to be ready at Haverhill on the second Tuesday of May next, which is to defray the charge of the committee, surveyors and chainmen, &c. Attest : John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. At a meeting of the committee for bringing forward the settlement at Penny Cook, held at Haverhill the tenth day of May, Anno Domini 1726 — PRESENT, The Honorable William Tailer, Esqr., John Wainwright, Esqr., Capt John Shipley, Mr. John Sanders, Eleazar Tyng, Esq., and Mr. Joseph Wilder. The committee, with the surveyors and chainmen, and u number of the admitted settlers attending them, proceeded to Penny Cook, and laid out one hundred and three home lots or divisions on the west side of the river, in equal proportion, according to quantity and quality, as near as the land would admit thereof, agreeable to the order and last direction of the Great and General Court, and then they returned to Haverhill, to receive the payment of two hun dred pounds, to defray the charges of the survey of the town and laying out the home lots, as above said, and the said committee defrayed the said charges accordingly. The settlers of the township at Penny Cook are hereby notified and warned to assemble and convene at the honse of Mr. Francis Crumpton, at Ipswich, on Tuesday, the sixth day of September, at eleven of the clock before noon, to draw their respective lots according to the General Court's order, and raise the sum of one hundred pounds, to defray the charge of laying out a way to the township, and other necessary charges, which may be thought reasonable to be allowed. By order of the committee : John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. Boston, August ye 27th, 1726. At a meeting of the committee for bringing forward the settlement at Penny Cook, held at the house of Mr. Francis Crumpton, at Ipswich, the seventh day of September, Anno Domini 1726 : present, The Honorable William Tailer, Esqr., Spencer Phipps, Esqr., John Wain- PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 75 on the West side the River, agreeable to the Court's order. About Six of the Clock Col° Tailer, Mr. Wainwright and Col" Tyng, with Mr. Coffin and 13 others, took their Leave of y° remaining part of the Committee and set out on their Journey back to Haverhill. Cloudy Weather and some small Showers. We baited on the Intervale to the Eastward of Suncook River, a few minutes, and then steered our Course for Amoskeeg Falls, where we arrived about Eleven a'Clock, and found abundance of Irish men catching fish. By the account we could get of them, we supposed they killed in the season Seven or wright, Esqr., Capt. John Shipley, Mr. John Sanders and Eleazar Tyng, Esqr. The settlers came into the following orders and rules for the bringing forward and effecting the settlement which the committee received from them, viz. : At a meeting of tho proprietors of the town of Penny Cook, assembled at Ipswich, September ye 7th, 1726 — Agreed and Voted, That Capt. Benjamin Stevens, Esqr., be and is appointed treasurer, to receive of tho Honorable General Court's committee the money which they have received from said admitted settlers, and not expended in defraying their own charges, the said money to be disposed of in marking out and clearing a way to Penny Cook. Agreed and Voted, That there shall be three men chosen a committee to go out and clear a sufficient cart way to Penny Cook, the nighest and best way they can from Haverhill. For said committee were chosen, Ensn. John Chandler, of Andover ; John Ayer, of Haverhill, and Mr. William Barker, of Andover. Agreed and Voted, That the said committee be paid out of the money which may be in the treasurer's hands, so far as that will go, [for their said service,] the remainder, if any be wanting, to be defrayed by the community. Agreed and Voted, That Mr. Obadiah Ayer be paid out of the treasury forty shillings, money for his service in searching the province records, in order to find out any former grant of Penny Cook. Agreed and Voted, That Mr. Obadiah Ayer make application to the Honorable General Court at their next session in behalf of the admitted settlers of Penny Cook, in order to have the five hundred pounds abated, and the five hundred acres, [being an equivalent for Mr. Sewall's farm,] added to said township. The settlers completed their payment of twenty shillings each, making in the whole the sum of one hundred pounds to Mr. Chairman, inclusive of what orders were given to their treasurer for the delinquents to pay him. 1796. At a meeting of the "committee for bringing forward the settlement at the township lately granted at Penny Cook, held at the Council Chamber in Bos ton, the third day of January, Anno Domini 1726 : present, The Honorable William Tailer, Esqr., William Dudley, Esqr., John Wain wright, Esqr., Capt. John Shipley, Eleazar Tyng, Esqr., and Mr. Joseph Wilder. Agreed and Voted, That the charge of the settlers hitherto necessarily arising 76 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. Eight hundred Barrells of Shad. After some short tarry we set out for Nutfield, and in our way there we over took abundance of the Irish with loaded horses returning from Amoskeeg, and met a many of them going to the Falls for their Loads. About two a' Clock, af ternoon, we arrived at Johny Barr's, at Nutfield, where we refreshed our Selves and our Horses, and made a considerable tarry there, and then sot out for Haverhill. We stoped a little while at Providence Brook, and about Sun down we arrived at Ml Eastman's in Safety, by Divine protection. Mr. Bacheldor, the Surveyor, came back with us. for laying out a cart-way from Haverhill to the aforesaid township, &c, and be laid before the committee appointed by the settlers, viz. : Lt. Timothy Johnson and others, for their perusal and examination, and that they report their opinion to Benjamin Stevens, Esqr., of Andover, treasurer to the settlers, what charges ought to be allowed and paid, who is hereby ordered and directed to pay the same accordingly ont of the settlers' money in his hands. Agreed and Voted, That the Honorable William Tailer, Esqr., William Dud ley, Esqr., and John Wainwright, Esq., be desired to meet at the dwelling-house of Benjamin Stevens, Esqr., in Andover, on Tuesday, the seventh day of Feb ruary next, in order to receive of each settler a bond, with sufficient surety, for the sum of five pounds, that so they may draw their respective lots, and proceed on the premises granted, and effectually bring forward the said settlement, according to the grant of the General Court. Attest : John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. At a meeting of the committee for bringing forward tbe settlement of the township at Penny Cook, held at Andover, the 7th and 8th of February, 1726 : pbesent, The Honorable William Tailer, Esqr., William Dudley, Esqr., John Wain wright, Esqr., Capt. John Shipley, Mr. John Saunders. The committee proceeded to take a bond of five pounds from each of the admitted settlers, under hand and seal respectively, for the payment of five hundred pounds for the use of this province, when the General Court shall order the committee to demand the same of them, on penalty of forfeiting their title and interest, &c., in and to the lands respectively, as by the said bonds lodged in the hands of Mr. Chairman, and the clerk may fully appear, reference being there- nnto had. The committee then allowed the settlers to draw their lots, which was accord ingly done, as appears by the following list of their names and the lots entered to them : Enoch Coffin, N. 36, 26. John Peabody, N. 37, 27. Richard Urann, 42, 6, 3d range. Andrew Mitchell, N. 19, 13. Mr. Samuel Phillips, N. 25, 38. 2d range. Samuel Ayer, N. 5, 9, island range. John Grainger, N. 1 , 62, 2d range. Henry Rolfe, N. 45, 9, 3d range. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 77 The Andover men parted from us after we refreshed our selves at Johny Barr's, at Nutfield. Friday, May ye 20f* This Morning cloudy, Lowry Weather, and very Sultry hot ; Wind Southerly. We sent for Mr. Browne, the Minister of y8 Town, to dine with us. Mr. Bacheldor, the Surveyor, was Employed in making a fair plann of the Interval on y8 East side of the River, which he surveyed. Saturday, May ye 21? Fair Weather. The order of the Council of New-Hampshire, referred to in the foregoing journal, with other proceedings respecting Pena cook, will be read with interest in the following documents, viz. : Extracts from the Message of Lieut. Gov. Wentworth to the General Assembly, held at Portsmouth, April 11, 1726. "The Massachusetts are daily encroaching on us. A late instance we have in voting a Township should be erected and settled at Pen nycook, which will certainly be in the very bowels of this Province, and which will take in the most valuable part of our Lands. " I would therefore recommend this matter to your mature consid eration ; and am pursuaded that you will consult such measures that John Sanders, junr., N. 21, 15. Thomas Page, N. 3, 49. William Barker, N. 36, 59, 3d range. Isaac Walker, N. 28, 33, 2d range. Joseph Davis, N. 44, 8, 3d range. John Coggin, N. 10, 71, 3d range. Benjamin Parker, N. 37, 1, 3d range. Edward Clarke, N. 7, 4, island range. Stephen Osgood, 8, 3, island range. Benjamin Gage, N. 8, 0, lowest range. Moses Day, N. 25, 19, David Kimball, 24, 18. Benjamin Stevens, Esqr., N. 1, 5, island range. John Chandler, N. 7, 68, 2d range. Ebenezer Virgin, N. 6, 10, island range. John Pecker, 23, 17. Moses Hazzen, N. 31, 37. William Gutterson, N. 27, 21. Joseph Hale, N. 29, 45. Ephraim Davis, N. 10, 2. John Wright, N. 33, 29. Jacob Eames, N. 33, 40, 2d range. Jacob Abbott, N. 12, 47. Christopher Carlton, N. 5, 7. Nathaniel Page, N. 34, 28, 2d range. 78 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. may be not only serviceable, but for the honour of His Majesty's Province, which I assure you I shall cheerfully embrace. " I have lately represented this affair to the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations, and have transmitted the best and exactest draught of this Province, Merrimack River and situation of Penni cook to their Lordships, praying their favour in obtaining a settlement of the lines, giving instances where in it highly concerns the interest of the Crown." i The General Assembly, in reply to this part of the Governor's message, say : " As to the settling the lines between the Governments, we shall take it under our serious consideration." Pro : or ) At a Council held at Portsmouth, May 10tt, 1726. N. HAMP. J PRESENT, His Honour Jno : Wentworth, Esq., L«. Gov!! Mark Hunking, ~\ Rich? Wibird, Geo : Japfrey, y Esq8. Joth : Odiorne. Shad^ Walton, j It being reported to the board that in Pursuance of a late vote of the Gen1 Assembly of the Province of Mass* sundry persons are go ing or gone to lay out and take possession of and settle upon some of Samnel Kimball, N. 18, 103, 2d range. Nathan Simonds, N. 31, 81, 2d range. David Dodge, N. 4, 48. Robert Peaslee, N. 26, 20. Richard Coolidge, right drawn by Sam'l Jones, N. 39, 3, 3d range. Thomas Wicomb, N. 14, 55, 2d range. Robert Kimball, N. 43, 7, 3d range. John Saunders, N. 13, 54, 2d range. Nathaniel Clement, N. 6, lowest range. Ebenezer Lovejoy, N. 4, 8, island range. John Osgood, N. 11, lowest range. Zerobbabel Snow, N. 35, 61, 3d range. Ebenezer Eastman, N. 9, 70, 2d range. Jonathan Shipley, N. 5, 66, 2d range. John Austin, N. 7, 5. Edward Winn, N. 34, 25. Ebenezer Stevens, N. 17, 58, 2d range. Joseph Page, N. 29, 32, 2d range. Samuel Davis, N. 46, 10, 3d range. Ephraim Hildreth, N. 10, lowest range. James Parker, N. 28, 22. Nathan Lovejoy, N. 22, 16. Samuel Reynolds, N. 16, 10. John Foster, N. 20, 14. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 79 his Majesty's lands within the limits of this Province, at or near a Place called Pennecook, without the consent of this Governm* for so doing; which is not only unneighborly, but unjustifiable, and has a tendency to the destroying the mast trees fit for His Majesty's ser vice that may be growing thereon ; which the Lieu*. Gov^ and Council in faithfulness to His Majesty, and in discharge of the trust reposed in them, cannot pass by without bearing testimony against : It is therefore Ordered, That a Committee in behalf of this Govern', viz. : Messrs. Nath1 Weare, Theo"? Atkinson and Richard Waldron, jun., immedi ately repair to sd Pennecook, and forewarn any persons whom they may find there or thereat from laying out, taking possession of, or settling at or near the place called Pennecook, or presuming to ap propriate any other of His Majesty's lands within this Province, till they shall have the countenance and grant of this Govern1 for so James Simonds, N. 41, 5, 3d range. Joseph Parker, N. 24, 39, 2d range. Nathan Fisk's right drawn by Zech. Chandler, N. 4, 65, 2d range. Zebediah Barker's right drawn by Edw'd Abbott, N. 16, 57, 2d range. John Bayley's right drawn by Samuel White, N. 14, 8. William Whittier, N. 6, 6. Joshua Bayley, N. 33, 24. Ammi Rhuhamah Wise, N. 26, 35, 2d range. William White, N. 7, lowest range. Nathaniel Peaslee, N. 1, lowest range. Thomas Colman, N. 8, 4. John Jaques, N. 17, 11. Obadiah Ayer, N. 5, lowest range. Abraham Foster, N. 3, 64, 2d range. John Mattis, N. 20, 43, 2d range. John Merrill, N. 27, 34, 2d range. Thos. Pearley, for Nath'l Cogswell, N. 38, 2, 3d range. David Wood, No. 9, 2, island range. Nathaniel Abbott, N. 12, 53, 2d range. John Ayer, N. 2, 6, island range. Nathan Blodgett, N. 15, 56, 2d range. Benja. Carlton, N. 18, 12. Jona. Hubbard, for Daniel Davis, N. 30, 36. Ephraim Farnum, N. 15, 9. Stephen Emerson, N. 9, 3. Timothy Johnson, N. 10, 1, island range. Nath'l Barker's right drawn by Solomon Martin, N. 19, 44, 2d r. Nehemiah Heath, N. 3, 7, island range. Nathaniel Sanders, N. 32, 30, 2d range. Nathaniel Jones, N. 6, 67, 2d range. Samuel Grainger, N. 22, 41, 2d range. Thomas Blonchard, N. 21, 42, 2d range. 80 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. doing ; and to direct them in an amicable way forthwith to withdraw themselves from the sd land, and their Pretensions to it by virtue of the aforesaid vote of the Gen1 Assembly of the Massachusetts. R. Waldron, Clerk Couns. In obedience to an order of His Hon., the Lieu1. Govf, and the Honb,e the Council, made the 10th Instant, appointing us a Com mittee, with directions to repair immediately to Pennecook and forewarn any persons whom we might find there from laying out or settling upon that place or any other of His Majesty's lands within this Govern1, as by the sd order will more at large and fully appear. We have been at sd Pennecook, where we found his Hon., Col0. Will. Tailer, Esq., Jn° Wainwright, Esq., and Col0 Elear Tyng, Esq., with sundry others, ("mostly unknown to us,) to the number of near forty men, who were felling the trees and laying out the lands there: Whereupon we presented them with the order of Court aforesaid, and assured them that their proceedings were highly displeasing to the Government which sent us thither, and that their presisting Nicholas White, N. 3, lowest range. Jonathan Pulsephcr, N. 4, lowest range. Richard Hazzen, junr., N. 9, lowest range. Samuel Toppan, N. 2, 63, 2d range. Moses Bordman, right drawn by Josiah Jones, N. 32, 23. Bezalicl Toppan, N. 11, 52, 2d range. Thomas Learned, N. 40, 4, 3d range. Joseph Hall, N. 2, lowest range. Nehemiah Carlton, N. 13, 46. Benja. Niccols, N. 11, 1. Minister's lot, N. 1, 51 Ministerial lot, N. 2, 50. School lot, N. 11, 60. N. Parker, N. 8, 69, 2d range. Lots in number, 103. The settlers came into the following orders, votes and rules, for the more speedy bringing forward and securely effecting the settlement, which were pre sented to the committee for their consideration, and allowed and approved of by them. At a general meeting of the intended settlers of a tract of land called Penny Cook, held at Andover the eighth day of February, Anno Domini 1726, Agreed and Voted, That a block house of twenty-five feet in breadth and forty feet in length, be built at Penny Cook for the security of the settlers. Agreed and Voted, That John Chandler, Moses Hazzen, Nehemiah Carlton, Nathan Simonds and Ebenezer Stevens, be a committee, and they are hereby empowered to build, either by themselves, or to agree with workmen to build, a block house of twenty-five feet in breadth, and forty feet in length, as in their judgment shall be most for the security of the settlers. Agreed and Voted, That Benjamin Stevens, Esq., be treasurer for the settlers. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 81 therein would be at their peril ; for that they might depend upon it when the controversial boundary between the two Provinces should be determined, the poor misled people who might be induced to settle there under the colour of a Mass. Grant would be dispossessed of the said lands, or suffer some other inconveniences equally grievous, and that the message on which we were sent, and the fair forewarning they had by us, would take away all occasions of complaint when they should be compelled to leave the sd lands and lose the benefit of their improvement. To which the gentlemen above named were pleased to reply, that as we were sent by the Govern' of N. Hampshire, so were they by the Govern' of Mass., and that when they returned home they shall lay before their Gen. Assembly the order of Coun. which we had delivered them, who without doubt would pass thereon, as they, the said Gen1 Assembly, should think proper. Nath1- Weare, Rich" Waldron, Theodore Atkinson.* Dated at Portsmouth, the 18th May, 1726. On the 28th June, 1726, Mr. Dummer, agent in London, was instructed by the government of Massachusetts " to take care and answer any complaint " that New-Hampshire might send home against the grant of Penacook, lately made ; and he was furnished Agreed and Voted, That Timothy Johnson, John Osgood and Moses Day, be chosen, appointed and empowered to examine the charges that shall arise in building a block house at the place called Penny Cook, or any other charges that shall arise in the bringing forward the settlement, and to allow, as in their judg ment shall be just and equal, and also to draw money out of the treasury for the defraying of said charges. Agreed and Voted, That the sum of one hundred pounds be raised and paid by the settlers into the hands of Benjamin Stevens, Esqr., treasurer for defraying the charges that are past, or that shall necessarily arise in bringing forward the intended settlement, to be paid in to said Benja. Stevens, Esqr., by the first day of March next, in equal proportion. Enoch Coffin dissented. Agreed and Voted, That a committee of five persons on oath, three whereof to be a quorum, be chosen ont of the number of the intended settlers, to lay out the remaining part of the interval at the place called Penny Cook, that is not yet laid out, so that the whole of the interval already laid out, or to be laid out to the settlers, shall be equal in quantity and quality. Agreed and Voted, That John Chandler, Henry Rolfe, William White, Rich ard Hazzen, junr., and John Osgood, be a committee, chosen and empowered to lay out the interval at the place called Penny Cook, that is not yet laid out, so * Documents for Chap. III., No. 2 — " Expenses," Sec. 6 82 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. with the necessary papers. And, on the 8th of August, Mr. Henry Newman, agent of New-Hampshire, addressed the fol lowing letter To the Right Honorable, tlie Lords Commr.' of Trade and Plantations. May it please tour Lordships : I have just now received Letters from New-Hampshire complaining of the encroachment of the Massachusetts Province, by selling, grant ing and laying out great quantities of land near the centre of the Province of New-Hampshire, at a place called Pennecook. I have some time since lodged in the Council Office, to be laid be fore his Majesty, a Memorial, requesting that the boundaries of these Provinces may be settled, so as to prevent any future disputes be tween their respective governments,. which I presume will be referred to your Lordships ; but as that may require time to be considered, I humbly beg your Lordships would be pleased, in the meanwhile, to interpose your authority for securing his Majesty's interest in the Province of New Hampshire, from any detriment by the grants al ready made, and for suspending all grants of land on or near the boundaries in dispute, till his Majesty's pleasure therein shall be " ' I am, with the greatest respect, Your Lordship's most obedient, Middle Temple, Humble 8erva"t' w 8* August, 1726* Henex Newman. that the whole of the interval already laid out or to be laid out to the settlers shall be equally divided among them as to quantity and quality. Agreed, That Jonathan Hubbard be admitted a settler in place of Daniel Davis, who was admitted a settler of Penny Cook by the Honorable General Court's Committee, appointed to admit persons to settle Penny Cook. Agreed and Voted, That three pence per tail for every rattlesnake's tail, the rattlesnake being killed within the bounds of the township granted at Penny Cook, be paid by the intended settlers ; the money to be paid by the settlers' treasurer, upon sight of the tail. By the Committee of the General Court — Agreed and Voted, That Mr. Rich ard Hazzen, junr., be desired to draw a plan of the township of Penny Cook, at the charge of the settlers, to be annexed to the town's book, for the use thereof. The committee adjusted the accounts of the sum of four hundred pounds they received of the settlers, the balance of which, being forty-nine shillings and five pence, was lodged in the hands of the clerk. Agreed and Voted, That the settlers petition to the General Court about set tling on the west side, founded on the report of the committee with the order of Court thereon, allowing their settlement on the west side of the river to be re corded, which is in the words following : The committee appointed by the Great and General Court, in their session * From the original in the Secretary's office. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 83 At a meeting held at Ipswich, on the 9th of September, 1726, Ens. John Chandler, John Ayer and William Barker were chosen a committee of the proprietors " to go out and clear a sufficient cart-way to Penny Cook — the nighest and best way they can from Haverhill." Richard Hazzen, also, was one who went " to search out a way from the place where Chester meeting-house stands to Penny Cook, and mark the same." This way was partly cleared during the fall, and, according to tradition, several persons, among whom were Henry Rolfe and Richard Urann, passed the winter of 1726 in the settlement — suffering severely from the cold, and for want of suitable provisions ; and that they were relieved by the aid of friendly Indians who still dwelt there. In January, 1726, (the reader will bear in mind that this is old style — the year then commencing the 25th of March,) the committee of the Court, having taken a bond of five pounds from each of the admitted settlers for their lots, to be paid on demand, begun and held in November last, to bring forward a settlement and admit one hundred persons therein on a tract of land lying on Merrimack river, at a place there known by the name of Penny Cook, and having given sufficient notice for any persons that were ready and would engage in the settlement, to meet the committee at Haverhill, the first week in February last. The committee at that time and place admitted one hundred persons or grantees into the said tract or grant, giving preference to the petitioners that appeared to us the most suitable therefor. And in May last we proceeded to the place, in order to lay out the whole township, and the lots directed in the order of the General Court, begin ning at the mouth of Contoocook river, where that joins Merrimack river, and thence run a line east seventeen degrees north, three miles, and upon a course west seventeen degrees south, four miles, and so at right angles at the extremes of each of the aforesaid lines, seven miles southerly each, and thence from the termination of the seven miles which complete the grant, and is according thereto ; and upon view and strict survey of the lands on the east side of Mer rimack, we find that there is little or no water, the land near the river extreme mountainous and almost impassable, and very unfit for and incapable of receiv ing fifty families, as the Court has ordered ; more especially considering that near the centre of the town on the east side of the river Merrimack the Honor able Samuel Sewall, Esqr., has a farm of five hundred acres of good land, for merly granted by this Court, and laid out to Gov'r Endicott. The committee, therefore, with submission to the Honorable General Court, thought it advisable, and accordingly have laid out one hundred and three lots of land for settlements on the west side, contiguous to each other, regularly, and in a defensible man ner, as by the plat of them and of the whole grant, [which is hereby presented,] will appear ; and inasmuch as the generality of the land answers not the grantees' 84 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. then allowed the settlers to draw their lots, which resulted as stated in the list presented above in the records. The figures represent the house and six acre home lots. Thus — "Enoch Coffin, N. 36, 26," means that Enoch Coffin drew house lot number thirty-six, and home lot — six acres — number twenty- six. All the house and home lots recorded in the list were on the west side of the river. By reference to the map at the close of this chapter — drawn from original plans, and carefully arranged by Stephen C. Badger, Esq. — the primitive house and home lots may be identified, and their exact location deter mined. The ranges — such as "2d range," "Island range," " 3d range," " Lowest range," &c. — are explained on the map. 1727. The lots being drawn, the proprietors, at a meeting in An dover, on the 8th of February, 1726, voted to build a block- expectation, and five hundred acres laid out as aforesaid, hnmbly offer that the like number of acres of the unappropriated lands adjacent to the township may be made to the settlers as an equivalent therefor. All which is humbly submitted. Signed by order of the Committee, Wm. T.ULTiB. In Council, June Iblh, 1726. Read and Bent down. In the House of Representatives, June \Uh, 1726. Read and ordered, That tins report be so far accepted as that the settlers or grantees be and hereby are em powered and allowed to make their settlements on the western side of the river Merrimack, according as it is proposed in the said report, and projected in.and by the said plan ; the former order of Court notwithstanding, and the said committee are directed to proceed accordingly. Sent up for concurrence. Wm. Dudley, Speak'r. In Council, June 24th, 1726. Read and concurred. J. Wt.lla.bd, Sec'ry. Consented to : Wm. Dummeb. A copy from file composed and examined from the original. By J. Willabd, Sec'ry. A true copy. Examined by John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. Attest : John Wainwbioht, C. Clerk. 1737. PROVINCE OF THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY. To John Waikwkight, Esq., Clerk to the Committee for bringing forward the settlement at Penny Cook : At the desire of the admitted settlers of the said town, these are to empower and direct you to set up a notification in the towns of Andover, Bradford and PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 85 house, twenty-five feet in breadth and forty feet in length, which should serve the double purpose of a fort and a meeting-house. Then, to meet and defray all expenses as they went along — or, rather, in advance, — they agreed to raise and pay into the hands of their Treasurer, Benjamin Stephens, Esq., the sum of one hundred pounds by the first day of March, in equal proportion ; chose a committee to lay out the remainder of the interval " that is not yet laid out" — including all on the east side, and a portion also on the west side. In the records this is called " The Second Division of Intervale at Penny Cook."* This division was sur veyed and laid out in May, 1727, by Richard Hazzen, Jr., surveyor, and was accepted by the Court's committee in the following March. The division on the east side comprised Twenty-four lots on the Mill Brook Interval, first range ; Twelve lots on the Mill Brook Interval, second range ; Sixteen lots on the Sugar Ball Plain ; Twenty-eight lots on the Middle Plain ; " Which lots were numbered from the upper end down Merri mack river." Haverhill, warning them to assemble and convene at the house of John Griffin, in Bradford, inn-holder, on Wednesday, the sixth day of March next, at ten of the clock before noon, then and there to receive the return of the committee of the settlers to lay out a way, &c. from Haverhill to Penny Cook, and to settle accounts with the treasurer, and to take effectual measures to oblige any settlers to pay the arrears of any former grants of money for the bringing forward the settlement, if any such there be, and generally empowering the settlers at said anniversary meeting to come into such good and wholesome rules, votes and orders for the speedy and effectual settlement of the said town, agreeable to the conditions of the grant thereof from the General Court, as they may then judge proper and necessary : — provided there be two at least of the General Court's committee present at the said meeting, and approving of the votes the settlers shall then pass before they arc entered in the town book. Given under our hands at Boston, the twenty-sixth day of January, Anno Domini 1727. Wm. Tailer, Spen'b Phipps, Wm. Dudlet, John Waihwbicht, Eleazar Ttsg. [The meeting of the admitted settlers was held at the house of John Griffin, in Bradford, agreeable to notification, March 6, 1727.] * See Records, Mar. 7, 1727-8, and explanation at the close of this chapter. 86 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. The division of the Lowest Interval, on the east side, in which the "lots were numbered from the town line up Merrimack river, consisted of thirty-one lots, with a drift-way of three rods wide through the westerly end of the thirty-first lot. In the same " Second Division " were included seventeen lots on " Rattle-snake Plains," numbered up the river ; sixteen lots at " Frogg Ponds," together with lots to several individuals, as appears in the record. No plan being found of the lots in the Second Division, they cannot easily, if at all, be identified. By reference to the annexed list the quantity of lands and their locality, as designated by particular names, may be seen. The section called " Rattle-snake Plains " included the interval lands from " Farnum's Eddy," so called, to the hills and blufis which border the river, north-east of West Parish village. The Agreed and Voted, That Solomon Martin be admitted a settler in the place of Nathaniel Barker's right, who, refusing to pay his proportionable charge, the same was paid by the said Solomon Martin to the treasurer, the 8th of Feb'ry last. Agreed and Voted, That the sum of twenty-six pounds be allowed and paid out of the settlers' treasury to the persons to whom the same is respectively due, to discharge the account of laying out the second division of interval. Agreed and Voted, That the sum of one hundred and thirteen pounds seven teen shillings be allowed and paid ont of the treasury to the persons to whom the same is respectively dne, for building the block house, making canoes, &c, in full discharge of said accounts. Agreed and Voted, That Ebenezer Eastman, Joseph Hall and Abraham Foster be a committee appointed and empowered to amend the new way to Penny Cook from Haverhill, and to fence in all the first division of interval, — the said fence to begin at the corner of John Peabody's house lot next the river, and so to run along the foot of the home lots to Horse Shoe Pond, where a gate is to hang ; then to begin at the corner of David Wood's house-lot by the pond, and thence to the upper end of Walter Nummons' field, along by the hill side, and there hang a gate, or leave a pair of bars, — each proprietor to have liberty to fence in his proportion, or else to pay the committee for doing it, — which fence shall be erected and finished by the last day of May next. The eleven lots in the lowest interval are excepted out of this vote, and any person who neglects to make up his proportion of fence by the aforesaid time, he shall pay ten shillings per day to the committee who makes it up. Agreed and Voted, That the committee aforesaid shall set out each settler's proportion of fence by the middle of May next. Agreed and Voted, That Messrs. Joseph Hall and John Pecker be a com mittee empowered to agree with a minister to preach at Penny Cook the year ensuing, to begin the service from the fifteenth day of May next. The said committee are directed to act with all prudence, and not assure the gentleman PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 87 hill west of this interval was formerly called Rattle-snake Hill — now more commonly known as Granite Hill. Three pence per tail was offered as a reward by the settlers for every rattle snake's tail that should be killed within bounds of the township — to be paid " upon sight of the tail." Richard Hazzen, Jr., who surveyed the " Second Division," was desired by the committee of the General Court " to draw a plan of the Township of Penny Cook, at the charge of the settlers, to be annexed to the Town's Book ;" but no such plan is now to be found. The tradition is, that he drew the plan, but, on account of some misunderstanding about the pay for it, he burnt it up. In a deposition given by Mr. Hazzen, in 1752, he says — "That during the time he was laying out said lots there was constantly near fifty of the Proprietors of said Plan tation at work, or persons whom they hired, as he understood more than after the rate of one hundred pounds per annum for his services, and to make report of their proceedings to the settlers. Agreed and Voted, That the sum of one hundred pounds be forthwith raised on the settlers in equal proportion, and put into the hands of the treasurer for defraying the necessary charges that have already arisen, or which shall hereafter arise for effecting the settlement. Adjourned to three o'clock, post meridian. Agreed and Voted, That Ebenezer Stevens, Moses Hazzen, John Coggin and Benjamin Carlton, be, and are hereby empowered, appointed and chosen col lectors, to demand and receive of the settlers respectively, as soon as may be, all such sum and sums as have been raised on said settlers and not paid by them or any of them, according to the grants for raising the money ; and the said collector or collectors are hereby constituted and appointed attorney or attor neys respectively, if need be, in tho name and behalf and for the use of the set tlers, to sue for and recover in the law the sum or sums raised on any settler or settlers as aforesaid, who shall neglect to pay the same ; and the said collectors ore directed to pay the money they collect unto the treasurer, the charge of col lection to be paid by the settlers. Agreed and Voted, That Deacon John Osgood be chosen treasurer, and is hereby empowered to adjust accounts with Benjamin Stevens, Esqr., the former treasurer, and receive of him any money which he has received of any settler or settlers, and not yet paid out. Agreed and Voted, To pay Deacon Osgood and Capt. Rolfe, out of the treas ury, twenty shillings for the charge in preferring a petition to the General Court in behalf of settlers. Agreed and Voted, That the treasurer be empowered and directed to pay to John Wainwright, Esqr., clerk to the committee, according to law, for recording all the votes of this present meeting, upon his certificate of the charge. 88 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. from them. Some were building the Meeting House; some were clearing and fencing in their lots, and others were plowing up their land: and that Ebenezer Eastman, one of the Pro prietors, worked constantly in said Plantation during the whole time he was there, laying out lands." According to tradition, Ebenezer Eastman's team — six yoke of oxen, with a cart — was the first that crossed the wilderness from Haverhill to Pena cook. It was driven by Jacob Shute, who, in order to get safely down Sugar Ball bank, felled a pine tree and chained it, top foremost, to his cart, to stay the motion of it down the "precipice.* While the proprietors of Penacook were thus vigorously bring ing forward their plantation, under the auspices of the Great and General Court of Massachusetts, the government of New-Hamp shire, on the 20th of May, 1727, made a grant to Jonathan Wiggin and others, of the tract comprised within the following The consideration of the ferry and mills is referred to the adjournment of this meeting. Agreed and Voted, That the treasurer be directed to pay to John Wainwright, Esq., for his service and expense in attending at the meeting of the Penny Cook settlers, according to the usual custom. Agreed and Voted, That the treasurer be directed and empowered to pay Mr. John Sanders fifteen shillings, for his service and expense in attending on the present meeting. A copy of the Settlers' Discharge to the General Court's Committee for the first four hundred pounds. Received of John Wainwright, Esqr., clerk to the committee of the General Court, appointed to bring forward the settlement of Penny Cook, March 7th, 1727, the sum of two pounds, nine shillings and five pence, being the balance of an account of fonr hundred pounds paid by the said settlers of Penny Cook at sundry times to the said committee, which account was adjusted at a meeting of the settlers, held at Andover, the 8th of February, 1726, and the said balance was then lodged in the said Wainwright's hands, as appears by the Penny Cook book. £2, 9, 6. John Osgood, Treas'rto ye Settlers. A true copy of the original receipt. Attest: John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. This meeting is adjourned to Wednesday, the fifteenth of May next, at ten o'clock, to be held at the block house in Penny Cook. Attest: John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. * See further notice of Jacob Shute in Biographical Chapter. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 89 bounds, viz. : " Beginning on the south-east side of the town of Chichester, and running nine miles by Chichester and Canter bury, and carrying that breadth of nine miles from each of the aforesaid towns, south-west, until the full complement of eighty- one square miles are fully made up." This grant, covering the greater part, both of Concord and Pembroke, and a part of Hop kinton, gave rise to a vexatious controversy between the claim ants under each grant, which was continued from 1750 till 1762, of which we shall speak in full hereafter. Robert Bradley, Esq., of Fryeburg, relates that his grand father, Samuel Ayer, when a young man of eighteen years of age, drove a team of six or ten pairs of oxen from Haverhill to Penacook, with a barrel of pork ; that on reaching Sugar Ball hill, he took off all but the hind team, and let the cart down the hill by fastening to it a pine tree, which was cut down and At a meeting of the admitted settlers to bring forward the settlement of the township of Penny Cook, began and held at the house of John Griffin, inn- holder, in Bradford, the 6th day of March, Anno Domini 1727, and from thence continued by adjournment to Wednesday, the fifteenth day of May, then next following, at ten of the clock, and held at the block house in Penny Cook — Capt. Henry Rolfe, moderator, being present, Voted, That Capt. Henry Rolfe, Messrs. Ebenezer Eastman and James Mitch ell be a committee to agree with some person or persons to build a saw mill at Penny Cook, at some suitable place for a mill, and to oblige the persons who shall build the same to supply the town with good merchantable boards of yellow pine at thirty shillings per thousand, and good merchantable white pine boards at forty shillings per thousand, — or else to saw of each sort to the halves ; the said mill to be ready to go and cut within six months ; and to agree with some person or persons to erect and build a grist mill at Penny Cook, in some place convenient for the same, and to oblige the persons with whom they shall agree, to grind the town's corn of all sorts, well and free from grit, for the usual toll ; said mill to be ready to go and grind within one year from this day, or as much sooner as they can. The said committee are to indent and agree with persons to build said mills upon the conditions following, viz. . That as soon as said mills are built, fifty pounds in bills of credit shall be paid by the community to the builders of the saw mill, and fifty ponnds more to the builders of the grist mill ; and, secondly, to lay out fifty acres of land to the said saw mill, as con venient as may be, and also fifty acres more to the said grist mill, to be laid out as convenient as may be. And lastly, that the persons that shall build said mills shall be entitled to the said lands and also the stream or streams upon which the said mills shall stand and be, so long as they are kept in good repair, and the end and design of the town in having said mills built answered. And in case the said committee cannot find persons that will undertake to build the 90 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. trimmed so that the sharp and stubby limbs dragging behind would retard the motion of the cart. In swimming the oxen across the river to the west side, one ox was drowned, but was immediately dressed for beef. Young Ayer is supposed to be the first person who ploughed a field in Penacook. He started, on his return to Haverhill, at sunrise, and did not arrive there till midnight. It is conceded that Ebenezer Eastman's family was the first that settled in Penacook in 1727. The proprietors were exact in requiring each one to bear his part of expenses, as they were incurred ; and in case of refusing to do this, the right to a settlement was forfeited. Hence Solo mon Martin was admitted a settler in place of Nathaniel Barker ; and, subsequently, (1730,) William Whitcher, Nathaniel San ders, Thomas Coleman and Thomas Wicombe, forfeited their rights, and their lots were taken by Joseph Gerrish, Henry said mills as aforesaid, then they are desired to proceed and bnild the said mills at the cost and charge of the community, as soon as may be, not exceeding the time above-mentioned. Agreed, That the undertakers to build the saw mill and grist mill shall be entitled to said lands of fifty acres to each mill, and the stream or streams, in case the mills are built as aforesaid and providentially consumed, that then not withstanding, the builder or builders shall be entitled to the stream or streams, or lands. Agreed upon and Voted, That Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, Mr. Abraham Foster and Mr. Joseph Hall shall be a committee to agree with some suitable person to keep a ferry on Merrimack river at Penny Cook, in the most convenient place they can find for that purpose ; and that they lay out and clear the best way they can to the ferry place, and after they have stated the place where the said ferry shall be kept; that the ferry-men shall have and receive the prices following, viz. . For ferrage of each man and horse, six pence ; for each homed beast, four pence ; and this establishment to remain and be in force for six years. Agreed upon and Voted, That Capt. Henry Rolfe, Mr. Ebenezer Eastman and James Mitchell be empowered to exchange Samuel Jones's house lot to some more convenient place, there being no conveniency for water where the lot is now laid. Agreed upon and Voted, That this meeting be adjourned to the house of Mr. Griffin, in Bradford, on the last Tuesday of October next, at nine of the clock in the forenoon. Henry Rolfe, Moderator. A true copy — Attest : John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 91 Rolfe, Esq., Nathan Webster and Joseph Parker — they paying, severally, five pounds for said lots.* 1728. The spring of 1728 opened upon the new plantation with most favorable auspices. Eager to fulfil the conditions of their grant, and to become settled in their chosen home, a large number of the proprietors were early engaged in building houses ; clearing, fencing and plowing their lands. The block, or meeting-house, was finished ; canoes constructed for navigating the river ; the new-way to Pennycook from Haverhill was improved, and the First Division of interval ordered to be completely fenced by the last of May. Messrs. Joseph Hale and John Pecker were chosen a committee to agree with a minister to preach at Pen nycook — to begin the 15th of May, — but they were not to 1738. Andover, December the 10th, 1728. To the Honorable Committee for Penny Cook : Whereas those men which have been empowered for building the meeting-house at Penny Cook, and laying out land, are kept out of their money, are in want of it, and they can't come at it : We, the subscribers, humbly pray that a meeting be appointed for the community and society of Penny Cook, to consult some way and method how every man may come by his just dues, and also to see if they can come into some way and method to preserve their corn, — we received great damage the last year in our corn for want of fence, — and also to see whether those men that first went to wait upon the Honorable Committee to Penny Cook may have allowance for their service therein, and to do such other matters as may be thought necessary for the interest of the settlers. Timothy Johnson, John Foster, John Chandleb, John Osgood, William Barkeb, Abraham Foster, Ebenezer Stevens, Joseph Abbott. Due notification being issued upon this petition, 1729, N. S. At a meeting of the settlers of Penny Cook, regularly assembled at Andover, the 8th day of January, Anno Domini 1728, at the said meeting were present the Honorable William Tailer, Esqr., John Wainwright, Esqr., and Mr. John Saunders, of the General Court's Committee. Voted, That Ens'n John Chandler be moderator of this meeting. Voted, That Benja. Stevens, Esq., be chosen and empowered to prefer a peti tion to the Honorable General Court in behalf of the settlers of Penny Cook,' * See Document for Chap. III., No. 3. 92 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. " assure the gentleman more than after the rate of one hundred pounds per annum for his service." In answer to a petition presented by John Osgood, in behalf of the settlers, — praying that an allowance might be made them for the five hundred acres formerly laid out to the right of Gov. Endicott — the General Court, on the 6th of August, this year, authorized them " to extend the south bounds of the township one hundred rods, the full breadth of their town," and the same was confirmed to them as an " equivalent for the afore said five hundred acres." Arrangements were also made for building a saw-mill within six months, a grist-mill within one year, and to establish a ferry at the most convenient place. The first grist-mill stood at or near the bark-mill now owned by Robinson & Morrill, in the East Village, and the saw-mill, on the same stream, about half a mile above. The mill-crank was brought upon a horse from Ha- that they will be pleased to declare the said township to lie in the county of Essex, or some county. Voted, That the sum of six ponnds be allowed and paid out of the settlers' treasury to the Honorable Col. Tailer, and Col. Wainwright, Esqrs., for their service in the Penny Cook affair, January 8th,1728-9, and Deacon John Os good, the present treasurer, is directed to pay the same accordingly. Voted, That the meeting be adjourned to the house of Mr. John Griffin, in Bradford, to Wednesday, the twelfth day of March next, at nine of the clock before noon. Attest : John Wainwright, C. Clerk. Upon adjournment on the twelfth day of March, 1728, the proprietors and settlers of the lands called Penny Cook met at the house of Mr. John Griffin, in Bradford, and the moderator, Ensign John Chandler, opened the meeting. Voted, That a good and substantial fence, according to law, be made, so as to enclose the great interval, and secure the corn and mowing grass from the en croachment of cattle, horses, &c, and that the said fence be mode at the charge of the proprietors in said field in equal shares or parts, except Mr. John Ayer, who is excused for that he has no improvable land on the west side of the river, and that the said fence be made np and finished, completely finished, on or before the fifteenth day of May next. Voted, That Messrs. Ebenezer Eastman, Ebenezer Stevens, John Chandler, John Pecker and Nathan Simonds, be a committee to view the fence and see that the same be made sufficient, according to law, and maintained accordingly ; and in ease any one shall refuse to make and maintain his part of the fence, it shall and may be in the power of the committee to hire the fence made at the PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 93 verhill. Soon after commencing operations the crank was broken. How to remedy the evil they knew not, as there was no black smith nearer than Haverhill. One of the men, who had once been in a blacksmith's shop and seen them work, undertook to mend it. Collecting together a quantity of pitch-pine knots for a fire, they fastened the crank with beetle rings and wedges, and then welded the disjointed parts. The crank was afterwards used many years. For the grist-mill fifty pounds were allowed, and fifty acres of land granted to Nathan Symonds, as near to the mill as was convenient. 1729-1730. It appears from the records that Rev. Bazaleel Toppan and Rev. Enoch Coffin, both of whom were proprietors, had been em ployed to preach to the settlers. The first was allowed and paid thirty shillings in full discharge for his services ; and " the heirs charge of the delinqnent, and every such delinquent shall pay ten shillings per diem for every laborer who shall be employed and hired by said committee to make or repair such delinquent's fence. ¦ Voted, That fourteen pounds, two shillings, be allowed and paid unto the sev eral men who have laid their account before us for mending the highways to Penny Cook, in full discharge of said accounts. Voted, That Mr. Bezaliel Toppan be allowed and paid out of tho proprietors' treasury, for preaching and performing divine service at Penny Cook, thirty shillings in full discharge. Voted, That the sum of four pounds be allowed and paid unto the heirs of the Reverend Enoch Coffin, deceased, for his preaching and performing divine ser vice at Penny Cook, in full discharge. Then the proprietors by unanimous vote desired the moderator to adjourn the meeting to this place, to the first Tuesday of May next, at nine o'clock, which was accordingly done. To which time this meeting stands adjourned. Copy. John Chandler, Moderator. 1739. At a regular meeting of the settlers of Penny Cook, begun and held at Ando ver, the eighth day of January, Anno Domini 1728, and from thence continued by sundry adjournments to the house of John Griffin, in Bradford, to the sixth day of May, Anno Domini 1729, and then met. Ensign John Chandler, Moderator. 94 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. of the Rev. Enoch Coffin, deceased," were allowed and paid four pounds for his services. But as the settlers were resolved to have a minister permanently established among them, in Oc tober, 1729, they voted to raise one hundred pounds " towards the support of an orthodox minister;" and, October 14, 1730, in obedience to the order of the General Court's committee, voted, Whereas several persons the last year lost their com which was growing at Penny Cook, by reason of sundry disorderly persons who failed in bringing forward their settlements as was proposed, and by reason of several other inconveniences we labor under : therefore,' Voted, That Benjamin Stevens, Esqr., Messrs. John Pecker and John Osgood be a committee to lay our grievances before the General Court's Committee, in order to prefer a petition to the General Court at the next session for relief in the affair. Voted, That Mr. William Barker, Lieut. Timothy Johnson and Mr. Nicholas White be a committee to moke a ford-way over Sow Cooke river, and clear a way from thence to Merrimack river, against the eleven lots, to be done at the charge of the community by the 1 6th of May current. Voted, That Mr. Nehemiah Carlton be desired to build a ferry boat of about nineteen feet long, and of a suitable breadth, to be well timbered, and everyway well built, workmanlike, at the charge of the community, and to be done by the 20th of May current. Said boat to be delivered at Penny Cook for the use of the society. And a pair of good and suitable oars to be* made by said Carlton, for said boat, said boat to be well and sufficiently caulked, pitched or turpentined, and finished fit to carry people and creatures. Voted, That Messrs. John Osgood and John Pecker be desired to procure a minister to preach at Penny Cook, to the community there, the charge to be paid by the community. Voted, That there be a floor of plank or boards laid in the meeting-house, at the charge of the community of Penny Cook, and that Lient. Timothy Johnson and Mr. Nehemiah Carlton be a committee to get the floor laid as soon as may be conveniently. Voted, That the sum of seven pounds, eighteen shillings and six pence, paid by several persons and several subscriptions, to the sum of forty-one shillings and six pence, be put into the treasurer's hands, and by him paid to Mr.*Nehe- miah Carlton for the ferry boat when it is finished, — which was accordingly delivered to the treasurer. (Copy.) John Chandleb, Moderator. June 25«A, 1729. The settlers of Penny Cook met at Mr. John Griffin's, at Bradford, tavemer, and then chose Henry Rolfe, Esqr., moderator, and Mr. Obadiah Ayer, clerk for the present meeting. The company met at two, afternoon, and immediately adjourned for half an hour. At five, afternoon, met again and chose Messrs. Deacon John Osgood, John Pecker, John Chandler, Ebenezer Eastman, Nathan Simonds, William PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 95 by the admitted settlers, " that we will have a minister," and " that the Rev'd Mr. Timothy Walker shall be the Minister of the Town." A committee was also appointed to agree with Mr. Walker upon terms of settlement. Mr. Walker was a native of Woburn, Massachusetts. He was then about thirty years of age — a graduate of Harvard College, in 1725. How Barker, Joseph Hall, to be a committee to call and agree with some suitable person to be a minister of the town of Penny Cook, and pay him such salary as shall hereafter be agreed upon by the company of settlers. Voted, That the minister of said town shall be paid by the community one hundred pounds per annum for his preaching and performing divine service there. Voted, and allowed to Mr. Henry Rolfe five pounds for his building a ferry boat for the carrying the community and company over the river Suncook. The following persons paid, viz. : Deacon John Osgood, 11 shillings ; John Pecker, 3s. ; Nath'l Lovejoy, 3s. ; Obadiah Ayer, 3s. ; Joseph Hall, 3s. ; David Kimball, 5s. ; Nathaniel Page, 3s. ; Ebenezer Eastman, 5s. ; Nicholas White, 4s. ; amounting in the whole to 40s. Voted, That one hundred pounds be allowed and paid out of the company's treasury for and toward the settling of the first minister of Penny Cook, as an encouragement for settling as their minister, and taking the pastoral charge among them. The moderator then adjourned to the last Wednesday in August next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon. Attest: Obadiah Ateij, Clerk. The within votes were passed by the settlers of Penny Cook regularly assem bled as within mentioned. Henrt Rolfe, Moderator. Concordat cum original!. Attest : John Wainwright, C. Clerk. Bradford, August 27M, 1729. At a meeting of the settlers of Penny Cook at the house of Mr. John Griffin, held by adjournment from a meeting of said set tlers at the house of the above-said Griffin, on the 25th day of June, last past, when Henry Rolfe, Esqr., was chosen moderator. At the present meeting Mr. Nathaniel Coffin was chosen clerk for the present meeting. Henry Rolfe, Esqr., was chosen to join with Benjamin Stevens, Esqr., and Mr. John Pecker to petition the General Court [as soon as may be] for to em power the settlers of Penny Cook to raise money to pay public charges by mak ing that settlement a township, invested with powers and privileges, &c, or other wise, as may be thought proper. Voted, That Ensign Chandler and Mr. Ebenezer Eastman are desired and empowered to alter the way to Penny Cook in some places, if they can do it to good advantage, and also to mend said way as they think best on the proprie tors' charge. 96 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. long a term he had preached before he was called to settle is unknown. The "call" seems to have been unanimous, and Mr. Walker's answer to it in the affirmative. They agreed to pay him, as a salary, one hundred pounds for the first year ; then to increase forty shillings per annum till it came to £120 — together with the use of the parsonage. The salary was to be It was Voted, That this meeting shall be adjourned to the 14th day of October next, at nine of the clock in the forenoon, at the house of Mr. John Griffin. What is above written is a true and jnst memorandum of the votes passed at the meeting on the day above written. Witness my hand : Nathaniel Coffin, Clerk. Henry Rolfe, Moderator. Concordat cum originali. Attest : John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. Tuesday, October 14th, 1729. The intended settlers met by adjournment at Mr. John Griffin's, in Bradford, and chose Mr. Obadiah Ayer for this present meeting their clerk. Voted, That every proprietor or intended settler of Penny Cook shall forth with pay or cause to be paid into the hands of John Osgood, of Andover, the company's present treasurer, the sum of twenty shillings toward the support of an orthodox minister, and to preach at Penny Cook aforesaid for this current year, — the same to be by him paid in proportion to his preaching and perform ing divine service at Penny Cook. Voted, That the sum of fifty pounds be forthwith raised and paid into the hands of the company's treasurer ; — that is to say, ten shillings to be forthwith paid by each proprietor toward paying for a grist mill at Penny Cook, when the same shall be finished according to contract. Whereas sundry persons who have been admitted intended settlers at Penny Cook have refused to pay in their respective proportion of charges that have necessarily arisen in order to bring forward the settlement according to the condition of the grant, which very much tends to hinder and discourage the same : Voted, therefore, That Messrs. Henry Rolfe, Esqr., and Deacon John Osgood, of Andover, be empowered to make due inquiry who or what persons are in arrearage, and that then Deacon John Osgood, or some meet person, be by him employed to call upon all such as are behind hand in their payments, forthwith to pay in the same to the company's treasurer ; and upon their refusal or non-pay ment, to return their names to the General Court's Committee, praying that then- honors would proceed with them with the utmost rigor and severity. Voted, That Messrs. John .Johnson, Ebenezer Stevens and John Pecker be a committee to view the saw mill and grist mill at Penny Cook, and see whether they be well built and finished according to contract, and so as to answer the company's design in granting the stream or streams, &c, and upon their report ing that the said mills are so built, that then Mr. Osgood, our treasurer, be PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 97 paid " in whatever shall be the medium of trade for the time being in this Province, at silver, seventeen shillings per ounce." The late John Farmer, Esq., estimated Mr. Walker's salary of £100 at [$130,67; adding £20 it would be $156,83. In addition to this, £100 was paid to Mr. Walker " to enable him to build an house ;" and he also had, in his right, the lot laid out directed to pay unto Mr. Simonds and company the sums heretofore granted for bnilding said mills. Then Voted, That Mr. Moderator be desired to adjourn this meeting to this place to the last Tuesday in March next, at ten of the clock in the morning, to which time and place the moderator accordingly adjourned the meeting. Attest : O. Ayer, Clerk. Concordat cum originali. Attest : John Wainwbight, C. Clerk. We, the subscribers, being chosen a committee at a meeting of the admitted settlers to bring forward the settlement of the town of Penny Cook, begun and held at the honse of John Griffin, inn-holder, in Bradford, the sixth day of March, Anno Domini 1727, and from thence continued by adjournment to Wednesday, the fifteenth day of May, then following, at ten of the clock in the forenoon, and held at the block house at Penny Cook, this twenty-third day of July, A. D. 1730, have, according to the best of 'our skill or knowledge for the good of the town and the conveniency of the mills, — that is to say, the saw mill and grist mill, or for the builder thereof, have laid out the hundred acres of land, fifty at or for each mill, according to the vote passed at the aforesaid meeting, in two parts or parcels, — the first bounded as follows, viz. : beginning at a poplar, which is Chandler's and Stevens' bounds at the head of the intervals, and run ning southeasterly about sixty-five poles, to a stake between Eastman and Cog- gen ; thence northeasterly, upon the head of the interval to a white oak, called Chandler's bounds ; thence northeast and by north, about one hundred poles, to a stake ; thence northerly, about eighty-six poles, to a black oak marked ; thence southwesterly, about one hundred and forty poles, to a pitch pine marked ; thence southwesterly, thirty poles, to the poplar first mentioned. The second piece is as follows, viz. : beginning at a white oak marked, thence northwesterly, about eighty poles, to a black oak marked ; thence southwesterly, about eighty poles, to a white oak marked, and from thence to the white oak first mentioned, allowing a highway four rods wide from the saw mill so down by the grist mill to the white oak, which is Ensign John Chandler's bounds of his addition lot ; also, a highway from the corn mill northwesterly to the common land. Henby Rolfe, Ebenezeb Eastman, James Mitchell. A true copy of the original return, recorded and examined by John Wainwright, C. Clerk. 98 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. to the first minister. It was, however, expressly stipulated " that if Mr. Walker by extream old age shall be disenabled from carry ing on the whole work of the Ministry, that he shall abate so much of his salary as shall be rational." The 18th of November was appointed as the day for ordi nation. The council invited and present, so far as known, were Rev. John Barnard, of North Andover, Rev. Samuel Phillips, 1730. At a legal meeting of the settlers of Penny Cook by adjournment from Octo ber 14th, 1729, to March 31st, 1730, Henry Rolfe, Esqr., moderator. Mr. Jus tice Wainwright appointed clerk to said settlers, [by the Honorable Committee of the General Court,] being absent, Joshua Bayley was chosen clerk by a full vote for said day. Voted, That Messrs. John Osgood, John Pecker, Ebenezer Eastman, John Chandler, William Barker, Joseph Hall and Nathan Simonds, be a committee to agree with the Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker, in order to his carrying on the work of the ministry in Penny Cook for the year ensuing, and to treat with the said Mr. Walker in order to his settlement in the work of the ministry in said place, and to make report to the next meeting. Voted, That Mr. John Merrill be added to Messrs. Timothy Johnson and Nathan Simonds, in order to a speedy repairing the present meeting-house at Penny Cook, at the settlers' cost. Voted, That Messrs. John Chandler, Ebenezer Eastman and Ebenezer Virgin be a committee to amend and repair the way between the twenty mile tree and Penny Cook in what is necessary, not exceeding thirty pounds, at the settlers' cost Voted, That Messrs. John Pecker, Ebenezer Stevens and Abraham Bradley be a committee to amend and repair the necessary roads in Penny Cook, accord ing to their discretion, for the year ensuing, at the settlers' cost, and also to build a good bridge over Sow Cook river, as soon as may be, at the cost of the settlers also. Voted, That Henry Rolfe, Esqr., Mr. John Pecker and Mr. John Chandler be a committee to lay out a suitable place for a burying-place in the township of Penny Cook ; and if the said burying-place should happen to be on any man's lot, and the owner willing for the same, that the said committee are hereby empowered to lay out an equivalent in undivided lands in some other place, to his satisfaction. Voted, That Messrs. Ebenezer Eastman, John Pecker, John Chandler," Eben ezer Stevens and William Barker be a committee to take effectual care that the General Fence at Penny Cook be made up according to law by the 20th of April next, and that the proportion of fence be ordered to each proprietor that was appointed the last year, and the delinquents shall pay ten shillings per day for each day's work that shall be done by the appointment of the above-said com mittee. Voted, That Messrs. John Pecker, Ebenezer Stevens and Abraham Bradley be PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 99 of South Andover, and Rev. John Brown, of Haverhill, Massa chusetts. A church, consisting of eight members, including Rev. Mr. Walker, was organized on the same occasion. The expenses " for providing for the ordination," which were after ward allowed and paid, " amounted to thirty-one pounds, ten shillings." The next week after ordination Mr. Walker went to Woburn for his wife, and she came to Penacook on horse-back, accompanied by four or five other women, wives of settlers. During the year 1730 measures were taken for fencing the great interval ; John Pecker, Ebenezer Stevens and Abraham Bradley appointed highway surveyors — "to mend and repair the necessary roads according to their discretion, and also to build a good bridge over Soucook river." Henry Rolfe, Esq., John Pecker and John Chandler were appointed " to lay out a a committee to build a suitable pound in the township of Penny Cook, at the town's cost. Voted, That David Barker and Jacob Shute be field drivers for the year ensuing. Voted, That Henry Rolfe, Esq., and Mr. John Pecker, be » committee to apply themselves to the General Court, at a suitable time, for the end appointed the last year. Voted, That John Merrill shall have the ferry at Penny Cook, and that said Merrill shall have twenty acres of land near the ferry of said town — said Mer rill being to allow an equivalent in lands in some of his first division now to come. The said Merrill shall have four pence for a horse, two pence for a man, four pence for a beast ; that in twenty years the said Merrill is to carry the in habitants of Penny Cook, at Penny Cook, at one penny per man and three pence per horse, and other beasts at three pence per head — the said ferry to be kept by the tenth day of April next, with a good boat and constant attendance, and to be regulated by such laws as the ferries are subject to ; the said Merrill to have said ferry and lands forever, provided said Merrill fulfills each article above mentioned ; otherwise, said Merrill being to forfeit all the privileges that arise to him with the ferry. Voted, That the said committee, under oath, shall be empowered to lay out the above-said twenty acres to said Merrill. Voted, That one hundred pounds be raised to defray the above-said charges. Voted, That one hundred pounds be raised for the use of the minister. Voted, That the sum of three pounds be paid to Mr. John Sanders, in part of pay for his service as one of the General Court's Committee for the settlement of Penny Cook. The present meeting was adjourned to the second Tuesday in September, at ten of the clock in the morning, at the house of Mr. John Griffin, in Bradford. Joshua Bayley, Clerk. A true copy. Examined by John Wainwright, C. Clerk. 100 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. burying-place." In pursuance of which it is understood that the " Old Burying Ground," as it is called, west of the Biblical Institute, was laid out for that purpose. John Merrill was agreed with to keep a ferry across Merri mack river ; to " have four pence for a horse, two pence for a man, and four pence for a beast," for the first twenty years — after that, to carry the inhabitants of Penacook " at one penny a man, three pence for a horse, and other beasts at three pence At a meeting of the General Court's Committee for bringing forward the township of Penny Cook, the 23d of September, 17,30 — Ordered, That the proprietors or grantees of said town be and hereby are noti fied and warned to assemble at the meeting-house there, on Wednesday, the fourteenth day of October next, at eleven of the clock in the forenoon, then and there to choose a minister for and settling him in the said town ; and upon his acceptance of the choice, to agree npon a time for his ordination ; and each pro prietor is hereby more especially notified to prepare the sum of five pounds, ordered by the General Court in tho grant of the township, and that they do respectively pay the same to the said committee, who have agreed to assemble and meet for receiving the same, at the house of Mr. Stedman's, taverner, in Cambridge, on Wednesday, the twenty-first of said month, at ten o'clock before noon, as they will avoid the trouble and charge of having their bonds put in suit at the next court ; and the said proprietors are also directed and required, at the said meeting to be held the 14th of October, to pay the whole arrearages of the sum granted by and levied upon them for defraying the necessary charges of said town ; and to consider of and do any other business that may be thought proper for the more speedy settlement of the town. Wm. Tailer, Spencer Phipfs, Wm. Dudley, John Wainwright, (Copy.) John Sandebs. At a legal meeting of the admitted settlers or grantees of Penny Cook, con vened the 14th of October, 1730, at the meeting-house in said township Voted, That Ensign John Chandler shall bo moderator for the present meet. ing. Voted, That Benjamin Rolfe shall be clerk for said meeting. Voted, By the admitted settlers, that they will have a minister. Voted, That the Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker shall be the minister of the town. Voted, That Deacon John Osgood, Mr. John Pecker, Ensign John Chandler, Lieut. Timothy Johnson, Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, Mr. William Barker and Mr. Ebenezer Stevens, be a committee to agree with the Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker upon terms for being our minister. Voted, That Mr. Timothy Walker shall have one hundred pounds for the year PROPRIETARY RECORDS. , 101 per head." In consideration of this service, he was allowed "twenty acres of land near the ferry," and, in case he fulfilled all the articles of agreement, was " to have said ferry and land forever." This ferry crossed the river south-east of the lower end of Main street — the road running down the hill to the crossing east of the present road. The old track is still visible. Mr. Merrill's twenty acres of land were laid out on tho hill-side west of the crossing, and his house was built at the point where ensuing, and then rise forty shillings per annum till it comes to one hundred and twenty pounds, and that to be the stated sum annually for his salary. Voted, That the aforesaid sums relating to the salary shall be paid in whatever shall be the medium of trade for the time being in this province at silver, seven teen shillings per ounce. Voted, That the one hundred pounds formerly voted for the minister, to enable him to build a house, shall be paid in eighteen months time from the date hereof, — provided, and it is to be hereby understood, any thing to the contrary above mentioned notwithstanding, that if Mr. Walker, by extreme old age, shall be disenabled from carrying on the whole work of the ministry, that he shall abate so much of his salary as shall be rational. Voted, That Deacon John Osgood, Mr. John Pecker, Mr. Benjamin Niccolls and Mr. Ebenezer Eastman be a committee to discourse with Mr. Walker about the time of his ordination, and to appoint the day ; and that the said committee send to snch churches as they think proper, to desire them to send their minis ters and messengers to assist in ordaining Mr. Walker ; and the said committee is to appoint suitable entertainment for them whilst here. Voted, That Mr. Cutting Noyes shall have fifty acres of land in the township of Penny Cook ; ten of which shall be laid out against Mr. Pecker's lot, to be sixteen rods front, and to extend back from the highway till tho ten acres be accomplished, and the other forty acres to be laid out in some of the after divis ions, provided the said Noyes shall do the blacksmith's work for the town for ten years from the date hereof. Voted, That there be two men chosen to go to the General Court's Committee, to Cambridge, on the twenty-first of this instant October, to pray their forbear ance with the proprietors relating to the five pounds due from each of the pro prietors to the province ; and that Mr. Pecker and Ensign Chandler be the com mittee. Voted, That Ensign Chandler and Mr. Niccolls be a committee to make up accounts with Mr. Sanders, as he is one of the General Court's Committee, and to give an order to the treasurer to pay what is due to him for his service. Voted, That this meeting be adjourned to the tenth of November next, at four of the clock in the afternoon, at the meeting-house in Penny Cook. Attest: Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. John Chandleb, Moderator. A true copy. Examined by John Wainwright, C. Clerk. 102 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. the roads now part, at the lower end of Main street, and where the original well still exists, with good water in it. Fifty acres of land were voted to be given to Mr. Cutting Noyes, " provided he shall do the blacksmith's work of the town for ten years." 1731. At this period it appears that John Wainwright, Esq., clerk of the committee of the Great and General Court, resigned his office — the last record in his hand being the answer of Rev. Mr. Walker to his call for settlement. Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., then a young man, and a graduate of Harvard College, was chosen " clerk for the settlers and grantees of Penny Cook." Penny Cook, October 14th, 1730. To the Admitted Settlers or Grantees of Penny Cook : Whereas, formerly, by a committee you have invited me to settle in the minis try in the said township, upon which invitation I have advised with learned, pious and judicious divines in the ministry, who have jointly advised me to take up with yoar invitation, provided you vote a sufficient maintenance for me, and you having this day renewed your invitation to me, and done what satisfies me upon the account of salary : — I, therefore, being deeply sensible of the impor tance of the charge, and my own insufficiency to discharge the duty of the same, do accept your call, humbly relying npon the all-sufficient grace of God, which alone can enable me suitably to discharge the same, — earnestly desiring yonr prayers, as well as of all other of God's people, that such plentiful measures of His grace may be afforded to me as may enable me to discharge the duties of so sacred a function to His acceptance and to your edification,— 60 that both you and I may rejoice together in the day of our Lord Jesus. Timothy Walker. Concordat cum originali. John Wainwright, C. Clerk 1731. Agreeable to notification given, at a legal meeting of the settlers and grantees of Penny Cook, on Monday, the 29th day of March, 1731 : Henry Rolfe, Esqr., being appointed moderator by the General Court, Benjamin Rolfe was chosen clerk. For assessors were chosen Mr. Nathaniel Abbott, Mr. Jeremiah Stick ney and Mr. John Chandler, jr. Mr. Stephen Farrington was chosen collector of the rates and taxes levied on the settlers of Penny Cook. Mr. Samuel Kimball and Mr. Christopher Carlton were chosen collectors of the rates and taxes that shall be levied on the grantees of Penny Cook that are non-residents. • PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 103 The conditions of the original grant of the plantation having been complied with, the proprietors were now anxious to have all the rights and privileges of a town. For this they petitioned the General Court: in answer to which the following order was passed : Order of tlie General Court for a Meeting of the Settlers and Grantees of Penacook, 1731, March 29f* At a Great and General Court or Assembly for His Majesty's Prov ince of the Massachusetts Bay, in New England, begun and held at Boston, upon Wednesday, the tenth of February, 1730 — being Convened by His Majesty's Writs — Saturday, March 6th, 1730. A Petition of the Proprietors of Pennicook, Setting forth that they have paid into the Hands of the Committee of the General Court the Consideration money for their Lots there ; that they have been at very great Charge for building a Meeting House and setling a Minister, making Highways, &c, and that they are like to meet with difficulty in gathering the money they have thus laid out ; And therefore praying that they may be made a Township, and have the Priviledges of other Towns within this Province ; and that the Court would order that One hundred Pounds, or more, of the money they have paid in as aforesaid may be reimbursed them for the Extraor dinary Charges they have been at. Mr. Joseph Eastman was chosen constable. For fence-viewers, were chosen Deacon John Merrill, Mr. Ephraim Farnum and Mr. David Barker. Voted, That the hogs may go at large. For hogreves were chosen Ebenezer Virgin and Edward Abbott. Voted, That Abraham Bradley, Mr. Ebenezer Eastman and William Barker, jr., be a committee to mend the highways in Penny Cook at the grantees' cost. Voted, That Ensign Chandler, Henry Rolfe, Esq., and Mr. Ebenezer East man, be a committee to lay out another division of land, and to exchange some pieces of land belonging to the grantees with some of the proprietors, where it may be for the community's advantage, and also to measure and proportion the fence of the general field to each of the proprietors in the said field. For field drivers, were chosen Nathaniel Abbott and Ezekiel Walker. Voted, That the above-mentioned assessors be a committee to build a pound in Penny Cook at the cost of the community. Voted, That the fence be made up round the general field by the fifteenth of April next, and all creatures kept out of it after the said day. Voted, That the general field be broken the fifteenth of October next. Voted, That Nathaniel Abbott be pound-keeper. Voted, That two hundred pounds be raised by the grantees for the payment o f the minister, and defraying other necessary charges of the town. 104 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. In Council — Read and Ordered that this Petition be refer'd to the Session of this Court in May next, and that in the mean time Henry Rolfe, Esqr, give Sufficient Warning, by notifications at Pennycook and Elsewhere, to the "Inhabitants and Grantees of the said Tract of Land, to Assemble at their Meeting House on the Last Monday [be ing the twenty-ninth] of this Instant March, by ten of the Clock in the forenoon; then and there to chuse a Clerk to enter all their Votes, Elections, Orders and Rules by the Inhabitants made; to chuse Assessors and Collectors of all such Ministerial Rates and Taxes granted and agreed on by the Setlers and Grantees, and any other Rates and Taxes that may be thought necessary for the well being of that Plantation ; who are impowred hereby there unto ; — all the rates and taxes to be Levied Equally on all the Lotts, Except the Ministry and School Lots, and paid into the hands of the As sessors ; by them to be disposed of for Defraying the Ministerial and other Charges of the Plantation, as the Setlers shall agree ; to chuse a Constable, Fence Viewers and Hogreves — all to be sworn to their respective Offices by the said Henry Rolfe, hereby appointed Mode rator of the said Meeting ; that the said Henry Rolfe take an Exact Account of what is done in each Lot in fencing, building and Im proving, and lay the same before this Court at the next May Session.* That the Committee for the Settlement of this Plantation be fully Impowred to Grant a new any Lots the Grantees whereof have not Voted, That the before-mentioned assessors be a committee to clear the minis ter's and ministry's six acre lot, at the charge of the community. Voted, That this meeting be adjourned to four o'clock in the afternoon on Wednesday, the 31st of this instant March, to the meeting-house in Penny Cook. . Attest : Benja. Rolfe, Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. At a legal meeting of the settlers and grantees of Penny Cook by adjourn ment, on Wednesday, the 31st of March, 1731 — Henry Rolfe, Esq., moderator, Voted, That ten pounds be levied on the grantees for to be laid out for the instructing of the children in reading, &c. Voted, That the school shall be kept in two of the most convenient parts of the township. Voted, That Mr. Ebenezer Eastman and Mr. Timothy Clement be a commit tee to lease out the six acre lot belonging to the school to David Barker for the term of four years from the date hereof. Voted, That Mr. Timothy Clement be surveyor for the grantees. Voted, That this meeting be adjourned to the thirteenth day of May next, to ten of the clock in the forenoon, and it was adjourned accordingly by the mod erator. Attest : Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. •See Addenda to this Chapter — " State of Plantation," tec. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 105 complied, nor shall comply by the first of June next, with the Terms of their Grants and the Orders of this Court, to such other persons as shall speedily and effectually fulfil the Conditions of their re spective Grants ; and that the said Henry Rolfe do notify all the Settlers and Grantees of this Order for Impowering the Committee, and that the said Plantation be and hereby is declared to lye in the County of Essex. In the House of Representatives — Read and Concurred, with the Amendment. In Council — Read and Concurred. Consented to- J. Belcher. A true Copy as of Record - A 0lweRj &c> In pursuance of the foregoing order a "Legal Meeting" of the proprietors was held on the 29th of March, 1731, at which Henry Rolfe, Esq., acted as moderator, by appointment of the General Court, and, as the record shows, all necessary officers appointed. At this meeting the names of Mr. Jeremiah Stickney and Mr. Stephen Farrington appear in the proprietors' records — At a legal meeting of the settlers and grantees of Penny Cook, by adjourn ment, on Thursday, the 13th day of May, 1731 — Henry Rolfe, Esq., being ap pointed moderator by the General Court — Voted, That there be a committee chosen to examine and adjust the accounts with the. treasurer and collectors, and all other persons that have any accounts with or against the settlers of Penny Cook. Voted, That Henry Rolfe, Esq., Ensign Chandler and Mr. Jeremiah Stickney be the committee to examine and adjust the accounts with the persons aforesaid. Voted, That the committee for examining and adjusting the accounts, when they have examined and adjusted them, shall give order to the treasurer for the payment of what is due to the several persons with whom they account. Voted, That the account which the committee allowed Mr. Eastman' for pro viding for the ordination, be accepted, and that the sum of thirty-one pounds, ten shillings, be paid to the said Ebenezer Eastman by the treasurer, in discharge of the said account. Voted, That this meeting be adjourned to the twenty-first day of October next, at one of the clock in the afternoon. Attest : Benja. Rolfe, Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benja. Rolfe, Clerk. At a legal meeting of the settlers and grantees of Penny Cook, by adjourn ment, on Thursday, the twenty-first day of October, 1731 — Henry Rolfe, Esq., being appointed moderator by the General Court. — Voted, That the four pounds which John Wainwright, Esq., and Mr. John Sanders gave order to the treasurer of Penny Cook to pay to Mr. Ebenezer Eastman for their expenses, be accepted and paid by the treasurer. 106 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. the former as one of the assessors, and the latter as " collector of the rates and taxes levied on the settlers at Penny Cook." Both were then young and enterprising men, and became useful and distinguished in the community. At an adjourned meeting, the 31st of March, the proprietors took the first step toward establishing a School: "Voted that ten pounds be levied on the grantees, for to be laid out for the instructing of the children in reading," &c, and " that the school shall be kept in two of the most convenient parts of the town ship." Thus commenced our system of free schools, which has been sustained till the present time. Henry Rolfe, Esq., continued moderator of the proprietors' meetings — held by adjournment — till October, 1731. 1732. Upon application to Richard Kent, Esq., of Newbury, one of his Majesty's Justices of the Peace for the County of Essex, Voted, That two hundred pounds be raised by the settlers and grantees, for defraying their necessary charges. Voted, That there be a committee chosen to settle the bounds of the farm commonly called Sewall's farm. Voted, That Ensign Chandler, Deacon Osgood, Mr. Nathaniel Abbott, Mr. Jeremiah Stickney and Deacon Farnum be the committee for settling the bounds of the farm aforesaid. Voted, That this meeting be adjourned to the twenty-fourth day of Novem ber next, at two of the clock in the afternoon. Attest : Benja. Rolfe, Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. 1733. \nu\ Essex es. To Mr. Nathaniel Abbott, of Penny Cook, inthe ' ' County of Essex, yeoman : Whereas application has been made to me, the subscriber, one of His Majesty's justices of the peace for the county aforesaid, by Jeremiah Stickney, Edward Abbott, George Abbott, Nathaniel Abbott and Stephen Farrington, five of the proprietors of Penny Cook, for a warrant for calling a meeting of the pro prietors of said Penny Cook, for to choose a clerk for said proprietors ; to choose a committee to examine and adjust the account or accounts which any person or persons hath or have against said proprietors, and to give order for the paying of the same ; to choose an attorney or attorneys to prosecute any trespasses that shall be committed on the common or undivided lands belong ing to said proprietors, by any person or persons that is or are not a proprie- PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 107 Nathaniel Abbot was authorized to call a meeting of the pro prietors, to be held at the meeting-house, in Pennycook, Sep tember 14, 1732 — at which meeting it was voted, " That, at tor or proprietors of the samo ; to agree upon and order one or more division or divisions of land, and to choose a committee to moke the same, and also to agree upon and appoint some ways or method of calling or summoning meetings of said proprietors for the future : These are therefore to require you, in His Majesty's name, to notify the propri etors aforesaid, as the law directs, to assemble and meet at the meeting-house in Penny Cook aforesaid, on the fourteenth day of September next, at two of the clock in the afternoon, then and there to choose a clerk, and to pass such votes and orders concerning the premises as they shall think fit Dated at Newbury, the tenth day of August, 1732. Richard Kent, Justice of the Peace. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. Essex ss. By virtue of the within warrant I have notified the proprietors of the within meeting, setting a notification of said meeting at the meeting house door, in Penny Cook, as the law directs. Penny Cook, September 14, 1732. Nathaniel Abbott. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. Upon due notification as above mentioned, at a legal meeting of the proprie tors of Penny Cook on the fourteenth day of September, 1732, Mr. Ebenezer Eastman was chosen moderator ; Benjamin Rolfc was chosen clerk for the aforesaid proprietors : Voted, That Mr. Nathaniel Abbott, Mr. Jeremiah Stickney and Mr. John Chandler be a committee to examine and adjust the accounts which any person hath with or against the proprietors, and to give order for the paying of the some. Voted, That Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, Mr. Abraham Bradley and Mr. Timo thy Clement be attorneys for the proprietors of Penny Cook, to prosecute any trespasses that shall be committed on the common land belonging to said pro prietors by any person or persons that is or are not a proprietor or proprietors of the same. Voted, That at the request of ten of the proprietors, in writing under their hands, the clerk of said proprietors shall warn a meeting of the proprietors by giving fourteen days' warning of the meeting and the cause thereof. Voted, That Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, Mr. John Chandler, Mr. Edward Abbott, Mr. Jeremiah Stickney, Mr. Timothy Clement and Benjamin Rolfe, be a com mittee to lay out a first division of upland to each grantee of Penny Cook, con sisting of twenty acres in quantity and quality, in one or more pieces, as it shall be thought to be most convenient by the committee, and to make return of their doings thereon to the proprietors at or before the first Tuesday of January next. 108 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. the request of ten of the proprietors in writing, under their hands," meetings should thereafter be warned by the clerk, " by giving fourteen days' notice, and of the cause thereof." Voted, That the aforesaid committee for the laying out of the division of land above mentioned, shall leave land for convenient highways to the land they shall lay out. Attest : Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. To Benjamin Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk for Penny Cook: We, the subscribers, proprietors of Penny Cook, desire you would warn a meeting of said proprietors, on the third day of October next, at three of the clock in the afternoon, for to consider of what is proper to be done concerning building a mill, and to agree with some man or men to do the same, by grant ing of him or them such privileges in land, or streams, or money, as shall be thought convenient ; or by agreeing with him or them in any other way that shall be thought best for the proprietors, and also to raise one hundred pounds for the support of the Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker, and to do any other business that shall be proper at said meeting. Penny Cook, September the 18th, 1732. Nathaniel Abbott, Edwabd Abbott, Joseph Eastman, Abneb Hott, Ephraim Fabnum, Richabd TJbann, Jeremiah Stickney, Geobge Abbott, John Chandleb, William Babkeb. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. The notifications, being contained in the warrant, are omitted. At a legal meeeting of the proprietors of Penny Cook on the tenth day of October, 1732, by adjournment — Mr. Jeremiah Stickney, moderator — Voted, That Henry Rolfe, Esq., Deacon John Merrill, Mr. Joseph Eastman, Mr. Abraham Bradley, Mr. Edward Abbott, Mr. John Chandler and Mr. Jere miah Stickney, be a committee to view any place that shall be proper for build ing of a mill, and to see upon what terms any man will build the same, and to make report of their doings at the adjournment of this meeting. Voted, That one hundred pounds be raised for the support of the Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker. Voted, That this meeting be adjourned to the nineteenth day of October cur rent, at four of the clock in the afternoon. Attest : Benja. Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. At a legal meeting of the proprietors of Penny Cook, by adjournment, on the nineteenth day of October, 1732 — Mr. Jeremiah Stickney being moderator — Voted, That any person that is agreeable, and shall be accepted of by the pro- PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 109 This year a division of twenty acres of upland was ordered to be made to each grantee, and arrangements made for building a prietors of Penny Cook, that will build a grist mill on Turkey river, in Penny Cook, for the use of the proprietors, shall have one hundred acres of land con venient to the mill, and the benefit of the whole stream of said Turkey river from the place where the mill shall be built to the great pond on Turkey river, to him, his heirs, executors, administrators and assigns for ever, and liberty of flowing any swamp that is adjoining to said stream during the term of twenty years, and after the term of twenty years the owner of said stream shall conform himself to the province laws relating to mills, and the damages occasioned thereby, and also forty pounds in money or forty pounds' worth of work, when the builder of said mill shall call for it. Voted, That Mr. Timothy Clement, Mr. Joseph Eastman, Mr. Jeremiah Stick ney, Mr. Edward Abbott, Deacon John Merrill, Mr. Abraham Bradley and Mr. Ebenezer Virgin bo a committee to approve of a person to build the mills before mentioned, and to agree with said person upon proper terms for the well-regu lating said mill for the benefit of the proprietors. Voted, That this meeting be adjourned to tho second day of November next, at one of the clock in the afternoon. Attest : Benjamin Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benja. Rolfe, Clerk. To Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk for the Proprietors of Penny Cook : We, the subscribers, proprietors of Penny Cook, desire you would warn a meeting of said proprietors on the second day of November next, at three of the clock in the afternoon, for to agree upon and order another division or divisions of land, and to choose a committee to make amendments to the interval lots in interval land, or in other land, and to do any other thing that the committee which was appointed by the General Court's Committee was to do, if the com mittee appointed by the General Court's Committee do not come up and proceed upon the business before the first day of November next, and also to choose a committee to see if Mr. Nathan Simonds hath complied with his obligations to said proprietors in building of a grist mill and saw mill, and in keeping of them in repair, and to prosecute said Simonds if he hath not complied with his bargain, and to choose a committee to exchange the house-lot belonging to the school right for such land as may be thought best. Dated at Penny Cook, the 19th of October, 1732. Henbt Rolfe, Abraham Bbadlet, Timothy Clement, Joseph Eastman, John Mebbill, Geobge Abbott, Jeremiah Stickney, John Chandler, Edward Abbott, Isaac Walker. A true copy. Examined by Benja. Rolfe, Clerk. [Agreeably to a notification, a legal meeting of the proprietors of Penny Cook was held at the meeting-house, Nov. 2, 1732.] Mr. Ebenezer Eastman was chosen moderator. 110 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. grist-mill and saw-mill on Turkey river, on very liberal con ditions. The conditions were taken up by Henry Lovejoy and Voted, That Mr. Abraham Bradley, Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, Mr. Timothy Clement, Mr. Joseph Eastman and Mr. Ebenezer Virgin be a committee to make amendments to the interval lots in interval land or other land, and to do any other business which the committee which was appointed by the General Court's Committee was to do. Voted, That Capt. John Chandler, of Andover, Mr. Ebenezer Virgin, and Mr. Jeremiah Stickney, be a committee to see if Mr. Nathan Simonds have complied with his obligations to said proprietors, in building of a grist mill and saw mill, and in keeping of them in repair ; and to prosecute said Simonds if he hath not complied with his bargain. Attest : Benja. Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. [Upon the request of proprietors, and agreeably to a notification, a legal meet ing of the proprietors was held at the meeting-house, 7th Dec, 1732.] Voted, That Deacon Ephraim Farnum be moderator of the present meeting. Voted, That any person or persons that is agreeable, and shall be accepted of by the proprietors, that will build a grist mill and saw mill on Tnrkey river, in Penny Cook, for the use of the proprietors of said Penny Cook, shall have the whole stream of said Turkey river in Penny Cook and forty acres of land adjoining to the mills, and one hundred acres of land that shall be accounted good land, in the judgment of a committee that shall lay out the same, which land shall be within a mile or two of the mills, and forty pounds in money, or forty pounds' worth of work, when the builder of said mill shall coll for it. Voted, That Mr. Timothy Clement, Mr. Joseph Eastman, Mr. Jeremiah Stick ney, Mr. Edward Abbott, Deacon John Merrill, Mr. Abraham Bradley and Mr. Ebenezer Virgin, be a committee to agree with a man or men to build the mills before mentioned, and to agree with said man or men upon proper terms for the well-regulating said mills for the benefit of the proprietors. Attest : Benja. Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. 1733. [Upon the request of proprietors, a meeting was notified as follows :] By virtue of an order from under the hands of ten of the proprietors of Penny Cook, these are to notify the proprietors of Penny Cook to assemble and meet at the meeting-house in Penny Cook, on Monday, the twenty-sixth day of March current, at eleven of the clock in the forenoon, then and there to approve of the men which the committee have agreed with to build the mills ; also, to make such additions to the grants which are already made for encouragement to any person or persons that shall build the mills in lands or streams or ponds for mills, or for making such satisfaction to said persons that build said mills for the improvement which said person or persons shall make on the forty acres PROPRIETARY RECORDS. Ill Barachias Farnum, and the mills in due time were built at what is now called Millville,. at the lower falls — at present owned by Dr. George C. Shattuck, of Boston. granted them, as the proprietors shall think fit, in case said persons shall ever forfeit said forty acres to the proprietors, or to act or transact any thing that shall be thought proper by the proprietors for the encouragement of building mills in Penny Cook ; also, to choose a committee to lay out such lands as shall be granted to said persons for building mills ; also' to consider what shall be proper to be done with the meadow belonging to said proprietors that is now common, and to pass such votes concerning it as the proprietors shall think fit ; also, to give the committee which was chosen to lay out a twenty acre division, a longer time to do it in ; also, to dispose of the addition which is laid out to the school lot for the year ensuing, as it shall be thought best by the proprietors. Dated at Penny Cook, the tenth day of March, 1732/3. Benja. Rolfe, Clerk for the Proprietors of Penny Cook. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. At a legal meeting of the proprietors of Penny Cook, on Monday, the twen ty-sixth day of March, 1733, Capt. Ebenezer Eastman was chosen moderator of this present meeting. Voted, That Mr. Henry Lovejoy and Mr. Barachias Farnum be accepted and approved of for building of mills on Turkey .river, in Penny Cook. Voted, That in case the above-said Henry Lovejoy and Barachias Farnum, or their heirs or assigns, shall ever forfeit the mills above-mentioned unto the pro prietors, the proprietors shall pay the said Lovejoy and Farnum, or their heirs and assigns, the value of the one half of the iron work and stones of the said mills, as they shall be valued when the mills shall be forfeited. Voted, That the aforesaid Lovejoy and Farnum, and their heirs and assigns, shall have liberty to flow as much swamp as they can for a mill pond, [so long as they keep the before-mentioned mills in good repair,] betwixt the first and second falls below the lowest pond on Turkey river in Penny Cook. Voted, That Mr. John Chandler, Dea. John Merrill, Mr. Edward Abbott, En sign Jeremiah Stickney, and Mr. Timothy Clement, be a committee to lay out the hundred acres and the forty acres of land which is voted as encouragement to build mills in Penny Cook, as soon as they can with conveniency, and moke return of their doings at the next meeting after the land is laid out. Voted, That the before-mentioned Lovejoy and Farnum shall not be obliged to tend the grist-mill on any days in the week except Mondays and Fridays, (provided they grind all the grain that shall be brought to the mills on said days,) during the term of ten years from the date hereof. Voted, That the Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker shall have the improvement of the addition to the school lot for the year ensuing. Voted, That the committee which was chosen to lay out a twenty acre divis ion shall have a longer time to do it in, viz. : till the first day of December next. Voted, That Lieut. John Chandler, Mr. Abraham Bradley and Ensign Jere- 112 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. Committees were also chosen to settle the bounds of Sewall's farm, and to lay out " emendation lots," in interval or other lands, and " to see whether Nathan Simonds hath built the mills miah Stickney, shall be a committee to let ont the common meadow belonging to the proprietors, ("which shall not be laid out to particular persons, ) to the highest bidder for the year ensuing. Attest : Benjamin Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. 1734. [Upon the request of proprietors, a meeting was notified as follows :] Notice is hereby given to the proprietors of the common and undivided land in the township of Rumford, to assemble and meet at the meeting-house in said Rumford, on Wednesday, tho ninth day of Jnne current, at one of the clock in the afternoon, then and there to order the proprietors' clerk to put the house lots and six acre lots belonging to said proprietors in said township upon record. Also, to receive the report of the committee which was chosen to lay out a twenty acre division ; also, to receive the report of the committee which was chosen to make the emendation to the interval lots, and to order the land which is laid out by the said committees to be recorded ; also, to choose a man or men to be with the clerk whilst he is recording said land ; also, to choose a committee to make sale of some of the common land belonging to said proprietors, to pay the proprietors' debts, or else to raise money for the paying of said debts and defraying the necessary charges of the proprietors ; also, to choose assessors, collector and treasurer for said proprietors ; also, to make a grant of a tract of land to John Wainwright, Esq., his heirs, &c, for the services which said Wainwright hath done for said proprietors, (as he was one of the General Court's committee for bringing forward settlement here,) and for his being a clerk to said committee, and for his recording of some of the land which is laid out here ; also, to choose a committee to lay out such land as shall be granted to said Wainwright, bis heirs, &c. ; also, to see if the proprietors will change the house lot laid out to the school right with Mr. Abraham Bradley for other land ; also, to choose a man or men to prosecute any person or persons that shall commit any trespass or trespasses upon the common or undivided land within this township — saving and reserving a liberty to the proprietors for cutting fire-wood and timber for their own use within this town ; also, to choose a committee to allow of propri etors' debts, and to give an order to the treasurer for the paying of the some ; also, to choose a committee to lay out the land which was formerly granted to Mr. Cutting Noyes, for his encouragement to live and do the blacksmith work here. Dated at Rumford, the third day of June, 1734. By order of ten of said proprietors, in writing: Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk for the Proprietors of Rumford. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 113 on Mill brook according to bargain, and to prosecute in case of failure." At a legal meeting of the proprietors of the common and undivided land in the township of Rumford, on the nineteenth day of June, 1734 — Voted, That Capt. Ebenezer Eastman be moderator of the present meeting. Voted, That the proprietors' clerk shall record the house lots and six acre lots belonging to the proprietors within this township. Voted, That the land which is laid out by the committee which was chosen at a legal meeting of the proprietors of Penny Cook, on the fourteenth day of Sep tember, 1732, to make a first division of upland to each grantee of Penny Cook, consisting of twenty acres in quantity and quality, shall be accepted, and the proprietors' clerk is hereby ordered to record the same. Voted, That the land which is laid out by the committee which was chose at a legal meeting of the proprietors of Penny Cook, on the second day of Novem ber, 1732, to make emendation to the interval lots, shall be accepted and re corded by the clerk ; and that the said committee be further empowered to make the interval lots belonging originally to James Simonds, Jonathan Pulsifer and Stephen Osgood, equal in quantity and quality to any other lots belonging to any of the proprietors of Rumford. Voted, That Lieut. John Chandler and Mr. Timothy Clement be a committee to be with the clerk whilst he is recording the land, and to see that he makes a fair record of the same. Voted, That one hundred aud fifty pounds be raised for paying the proprietors' debts, and defraying the necessary charges of the proprietors. Voted, That Mr. James Osgood, Mr. Nathaniel Abbott and Deacon John Mer rill, be assessors for the proprietors.- Voted, That Mr. Aaron Stevens be collector. Voted, That Mr. Edward Abbott be treasurer for the proprietors. Voted, That one hundred acres of land, within the township of Rumford, be granted by the proprietors of Rumford to John Wainwright, Esq., his heirs and assigns, in consideration of and in full for the services which said John Wain wright, Esq., hath done for said proprietors, as he was one of the General Court's Committee for bringing forward the settlement here, and for his being a clerk to said committee, and for recording the land which was laid out here and is already recorded. Voted, That Mr. Nathaniel Abbott, Mr. David Kimball and Mr. Ebenezer Virgin, be a committee to lay out the hundred acres of land granted to John Wainwright, Esq., his heirs and assigns, and that the committee make return of the laying out said land to the proprietors. Voted, That Benjamin Rolfe, Capt. Ebenezer Eastman and Mr. Abraham Bradley, or either of them, be attorneys or attorney for the proprietors of Rum ford, to prosecute any person or persons that shall commit any trespass or tres passes on the common and undivided land iu the township of Rumford, saving and reserving a liberty to the proprietors for cutting fire-wood and timber for their own use within this township. Voted, That Benjamin Rolfe, Richard Haseltine and Lieut. John Chandler, be 8 114 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. Still, however, the proprietors did not deem themselves in full possession of town rights and privileges. Hence, in December, a committee to allow of proprietors' debts, and to give on order to the treasurer for the paying of the same. Voted, That the committee that was chosen to lay out the land voted to Col. Wainwright, Esq., shall lay out forty acres of land to Mr. Cutting Noyes, for his living here as a blacksmith ; the said committee to make return of their doings to the next proprietors' meeting for their acceptance. " Attest : Benja. Rolfe, Clerk. A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Clerk. Tp Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., Clerk for the Proprietors of Rumford: We, the subscribers, proprietors of Rumford, desire you to warn a meeting of said proprietors on Tuesday, the 11th day of March 1734/5, at three of the clock in the afternoon, then and there to give Lieut. John Chandler liberty to build a saw mill on Rattle Snake brook, and liberty of a convenient yard for his logs and boards, and liberty to flow the great pond called Rattle Snake pond ; the said Chandler to pay what damages he shall do to the proprietors by flowing the pond ; the said Chandler to enjoy said privileges during the term of fifteen years from the date hereof ; also, to accept of the return which the commit tee that was chosen to lay ont one hundred and forty acres of land for the encour agement of building mills on Turkey river, in said Rumford, hath made, and to order the said land to be recorded by the clerk ; also, to choose a committee to let out the common meadow belonging to said proprietors for such a term as the proprietors shall think proper. Dated at Rumford, the 24th day of February, 1734. Ebenezer Eastman, Jebemiah Stickney, Ephbaim Fabndm, John Chandler, Richabd Habeltine, James Osgood, Nath'l Abbott, Edward Abbott, Geobge Abbott, Jebemiah Bbadley. A true copy. Examined by Benja. Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. Notification was given agreeably to this desire. 1735. At a legal meeting of the proprietors of Rumford on Tuesday, the 11th day of March, 1734/5, Ensign Jeremiah Stickney was chosen moderator. Voted, That John Chandler shall iave liberty to build a Baw mill on Rattle Snake brook, and liberty of a convenient yard for his logs and boards, and liberty to flow the great pond called Rattle Snake pond,— the said Chandler to pay what damages he shall do to the proprietors by flowing the pond ; the said Chandler to enjoy said privileges during the term of fifteen years from the twenty-fourth day of February, 1 734. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 115 1732, Henry Rolfe, Esq., in behalf of the settlers, presented the following petition : HENRY ROLFE'S PETITION AB'T PENNYCOOK, DECEMB, 1732. To His Excellency Jonathan Belchek, Esq';, Captain General and Governor in Chief. — The Honorable Council and Repre sentatives in General Court assembled. The Humble Petition of Henry Rolfe on Behalf of the Setlers at Penny Cook — Humbly Shewetu, That your Excellency and Honours were Pleased the Last year to order the Inhabitants and Setlers at said Voted, That the return which the committee that was chosen to lay out one hundred and forty acres of land for building of mills on Turkey river, shall be accepted and recorded by the clerk, which was as followeth, viz. : We, the subscribers, being chosen a committee at a legal meeting of the pro prietors and freeholders in the township called Penny Cook, also Rumford, on the 26th day of March, in the year 1733, to lay, for the encouragement of build ing of a grist mill and a saw mill, one hundred and forty acres of land, at or near the place where the said mills are to be set on the river called Turkey river, we have, by the desire of the owners of said mills — Mr. Barachias Farnum and Mr. Henry Lovejoy — laid out one hundred and forty acres in two pieces, and is bounded as follows, viz. : The first, containing forty acres, and begins at a white oak, marked, near the road that leads from the meeting-house to said mills ; thence southeasterly, about thirty-eight poles, to a stake and stones ; thence westerly, about one hundred and ten poles, to an elm, marked, by Turkey river ; thence by said river, about one hundred and eight poles, to a maple, marked ; thence southwesterly, about thirty poles, to u. crotched white oak, marked ; thence northwesterly, about ninety poles, to a pitch-pine, marked ; thence westerly, about eight poles, to a crooked pitch-pine, marked, by the mill pond ; thence northwesterly, about thirty poles, across the mill pond, to a white oak ; thence north, about' thirty-five poles, to a white oak marked ; thence north easterly, about twenty-eight poles, to a white oak, marked F. L. ; thence easterly, about one hundred and ten poles, to the road and bounds first mentioned. The second, containing one hundred acres, and is adjoining to the other forty, and bounded as follows, viz. : Beginning at a pitch-pine, marked F. L., by the road that leads from the meeting-house to the mill on Turkey river ; thence westerly, about forty-eight poles, to a white oak marked F. ; thence southwest erly, about twenty-seven poles, to a white oak, being a bound of the forty acres, and thence southeasterly, about thirty-eight poles, to a stake and stones ; thence westerly, about one hundred and ten poles, to an elm by Turkey river ; thence by the forty acres laid out to the mill before mentioned, about one hundred and eight poles, to a maple by said Turkey river, standing in a bend of said river ; thence crook, as the channel of said river runs — that being the bound of the southeasterly side of said hundred acres of land — about one hundred and thirty poles, to a large hemlock on the river's bank, marked F. L. ; thence southeast- 116 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. Penny Cook to Raise money for the necessary Charges within said Plantation ; to Choose Officers for the Levying and Collecting the erly, about nineteen poles, to o beach marked F. L. ; thence northerly, about one hundred and seventy poles, to the bounds first mentioned. Penny Cook, July the 9th, 1733. Timothy Clement, Jebemiah Stickney, John Merbill, John Chandler, Edward Abbott, Committee. A true copy of the original return, recorded and examined by Benja. Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. Voted, That Lient. John Chandler, Mr. Nathaniel Abbott and Mr. James Os good, shall be a committee to dispose of the common meadow within this town ship, for the year 1735, as they shall think most for the benefit of the proprie tors. At a legal meeting of the proprietors of Rumford, regularly assembled at the meeting-house in Rumford, on the twenty-third of February, 1735, Voted, That Capt. Ebenezer Eastman be moderator of this present meeting. Voted, That the proprietors' clerk shall record the house or home lots belong ing to the proprietors of Rumford, as they are numbered in the proprietors' book, unless some of the lots have been laid out anew since the first draft for the conveniency of building, and in such case the proprietors' clerk is ordered to record them as they were laid out last. Voted, That Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., Lieut. John Chandler and Mr. Abraham Bradley, be a committee to measure the six acre lots of interval belonging to the proprietors of Rumford, and to erect new bonnds where the old ones are removed or gone, and to take a new plan of said lots, with a north and south line upon each plan, and to take an exact and true account of the bounds of each lot, and to deliver the plan or plans so taken, with an account of the bounds, to the proprietors' clerk ; and the proprietors' clerk is hereby desired, empowered and ordered to record said lands, agreeable to such plan or plans as shall be delivered to him by said committee, and also to enter a true copy of Baid plan or plans in said proprietors' book. Voted, That Lieut. John Chandler shall be chosen and desired to assist the proprietors' clerk in recording the house-lots and interval six acre lots, and to see that the clerk makes a true record thereof. Voted, That the return which the committee which was chosen to lay ont one hundred acres of land for John Wainwright, Esq., hath made shall be accepted, and recorded by the proprietors' clerk, which is as follows, viz. : Whereas at a legal meeting of the proprietors of the common and undivided land in the township of Rumford, on the nineteenth day of June, 1734 : We, the subscribers, were appointed a committee and empowered to lay out one hundred acres of land in said township of Rumford, for John Wainwright, PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 117 Same, and Did Invest them with Certain Powers, as per the order of January, 1731, herewith also Presented, may appear. But so it is, Esq., his heirs and assigns, in consideration of and in full for the services which said John Wainwright, Esq., hath done for said proprietors, as he was one of the General Court's Committee for bringing forward the settlement here, and for his being a clerk to said committee, and for the recording of the land which was laid out here and is already recorded, as by vote of said proprietors may fully appear, have accordingly attended the service, and laid out said hundred acres of land, being bounded as followeth, viz. : Beginning at a pitch-pine marked W., standing by the road that leads from Rumford meeting-house to Contoocook ; thence running northwesterly by said road, about one hundred poles, to a pitch-pine marked J. W. ; thence southwesterly, about one hundred and sixty poles, to a-pitch-pine marked J. W. ; thence southeasterly, about one hundred poles, to a white oak marked W. ; thence northeasterly, about one hun dred and sixty poles, to the bounds first mentioned. Rumford, February 20th, 1735. Nathaniel Abbott, ) comm:ttee Ebenezer Virgin, J A true copy of the original return, recorded and examined by Benja. Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. Voted, That the return which the committee which was chosen to lay out forty acres of land for Mr. Cutting Noyes, shall be accepted and recorded by the clerk, which is as follows, viz. : We, the subscribers, being chosen a committee at a legal meeting held by the proprietors of the town of Rumford, on the 19th day of June, 1734, to lay out for Mr. Cutting Noyes forty acres of land in the township aforesaid, — we have laid the same on the east side of the river, adjoining to land now in the posses sion of David Barker, which is bounded as followeth, viz. : Beginning at a pitch- pine tree marked B.'; thence southeasterly, by a highway, about sixty-eight poles, to a white oak marked B. ; thence northeasterly, about one hundred and forty-five poles, to u. white oak marked B. ; thence northwest-and-by-north, about twenty-three poles, to a stoke and stones, — it being tho northeasterly bounds of said Barker's land ; thence about one hundred and sixty poles, by said Barker's land, to the bounds first mentioned. February the 10th, 1735/6. Nathaniel Abbott, 1 nomm;ttee Ebenezer Vibgin, j A true copy of the original return, recorded and examined by Benja. Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. Voted, That any man that has any lot or lots of land in Rattle Snake Plain, or Water Nummons' field, or Sugar Ball, or the Middle Interval, or the Ferry Plain, that joins upon the mountains or hills, shall have leave to extend his lot or lots to the brow of the hill, or edge of the pine plain where the land now lies common or undivided ; but in case there is any hollow or gully of land against their lot3 that runs back into any of the pine plains, then said lots are to extend as far back as the lots adjoining to said lots shall extend. Dissented — Edward Abbott, Nathaniel Abbott and Ebenezer Virgin. Voted. That the committee that was chosen to measure the six acre lots, shall 118 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. there being no Person ordered or Impowred to Call the first meeting of the Inhabitants to Do the acts in said order Directed to, whereby take care and provide, at the proprietors' charge, a good surveyor to measure and plan said lots. By desire of Ebenezer Eastman, John Chandler, George Abbott, Jeremiah Stickney, Edward Abbott, Nathaniel Abbott, Ephraim Farnum, James Abbott, Aaron Stevens and Joseph Eastman, a meeting, duly notified, was assembled. 173G. At a legal meeting of the proprietors of the common and undivided lands in the township of Rumford, regularly assembled at the meeting-house in said Rum ford, on Monday, the fourteenth day of March, Anno Domini 1736, Capt. Ebenezer Eastman was chosen moderator of this present meeting. Agreed and Voted, That a committee of three persons on oath — two whereof to be a quorum — be chosen to lay out a division of the common and undivided land in the township of Rumford, the said division of land to be as large as the committee shall think the good land will allow of, and to be laid out to each grantee or proprietor of said Rumfcrd, in one or more pieces, as the committee shall think best, so that the said committee in their judgment shall make the lot or lots of land thnt shall be laid out to each grantee or proprietor of Rumford equal in quantity and quality, and the said committee to make return of their doings to said proprietors as soon as conveniently may be, for said proprietors' acceptance. Agreed and Voted, That Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., Lieut. John Chandler and Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, be a committee chosen and empowered to lay out a division of the common and undivided land in the township of Rumford, the said division of land to be os large as the committee shall think the good land will allow of, and to be laid out to each grantee or proprietor of said Rumford, in one or more pieces, as the committee shall think best, so that the said com mittee, in their judgment, shall make the lot or lots of land that shall be laid out to each grantee or proprietor of Rumford, equal in quantity and quality, and the said committee to make return of their doings to said proprietors as soon as conveniently may be, for their acceptance. Agreed and Voted, That Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., Lieut. John Chandler and Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, shall have ten shillings a day each for laying ont the aforesaid division of land, provided said committee shall attend said business at all convenient seasons. Voted, That Mr. Joseph Hall, Deacon John Merrill and Mr. Ebenezer Virgin, be a committee chosen and empowered to sell such pieces of the common and un divided land belonging to the proprietors of Rumford, as tbey shall think proper, to defray the charges of laying out and recording of land for said proprietors ; the sale of said land not to be valid till allowed of by said proprietors. Voted, That Benja. Rolfe, Esq., Ens. Jeremiah Stickney and Mr. James Osgood, be a committee to exchange some of the common and undivided land belonging to the proprietors of Rumford with Lieut. John Chandler, for his bouse or home lots, the said exchange not to be valid till allowed of by said proprietors. Voted, That Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., Lieut. John Chandler and Capt. Ebenezer PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 119 they are under many hardships and Difficultys — Wherefore your Petitioners humbly Pray your Excellency and Honours will appoint and Impower some meet Person to Call the first meeting of the said Inhabitants for the Ends and Purposes aforesaid. And, as in Duty Bound, Shall Ever Pray, &c. Henry Rolfe. In Council, December 20th, 1732 — Read and ordered that Mr. Benjamin Rolfe, one of the Principal Eastman, be empowered to hire a surveyor and chainmen at the proprietors' cost, to lay ont the aforesaid division of land. 1737. At a legal meeting of the proprietors of the common and undivided land in the township of Rumford, regularly assembled at the meeting-house in said Rumford, on Monday, the 19th day of September, 1737, Voted, That Mr. Joseph Hall, Deacon John Merrill and Mr. Ebenezer Virgin, be authorized and empowered to give a deed or deeds of such pieces of land as they have sold or bargained to sell, unto Deacon Ephraim Farnum, Mr. Bara chias Farnum, Timothy Bradley and Lieut. John Chandler, agreeable to a vote of said proprietors at a legal meeting of said proprietors, on the 14th day of March, Annoque Domini 1736, and to pay such sum or sums of money as they have or shall sell such pieces of land for, unto Mr. Edward Abbott, treas urer for said proprietors. Voted, That this meeting be adjourned unto Monday, the 17th day of October next, at two of the clock in the afternoon. Attest : Benja. Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. [This adjourned meeting does not appear to have been held.] To.Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., Clerk for the Proprietors of Rumford: We, the subscribers, proprietors of the common and undivided land in the township of Rumford, desire and order you to warn a meeting of said proprie tors, at the meeting-house in said Rumford, on Thursday, the second day of February next, at eight of the clock in the forenoon, then and there to accept of the return of the committee that was chosen at a legal meeting of said proprie tors, [on Monday, the 14th day of March, Annoque Domini 1736,] to lay out a division of the common and undivided land belonging to said proprietors, and to order the same to be recorded, and to order the plans of said division of land to be put in the proprietors' book, and to choose a man or men to assist the pro prietors' clerk in recording said division of land, and putting said plans into the proprietors' book, and to see that the clerk makes a true entry thereof, and also to accept of the sale of such pieces of land as the committee that was cho sen at said meeting hath sold, and to order said committee to give deeds of such pieces of land as they have sold, or to order that such pieces of land as said committee hath sold shall be entered in the proprietors' book ; also to receive 120 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. Inhabitants of the Plantation of Pennycook, be and hereby is fully Impowred to assemble and Convene the Inhabitants of said Planta tion to Choose Officers, and to Do other matters, in Pursuance of an . _¦ the report of the committee that was chosen at said meeting, to exchange some of the land belonging to said proprietors with Licnt. John Chandler, for his house or home lots, and to order said committee what to do further thereon. Dated at Rnmford aforesaid, the 18th day of January, 1737. Ebenezer Eastman, Jebemiah Stickney, Timothy Walkeb, Efhbaim Farnum, James Abbott, Joseph Eastman, Nathaniel Abbott, David Kimball, Edwabd Abbott, James Osgood, Barachias Farnum, John Merbill, Benjamin Rolfe, Daniel Chase. Joseph Hall, A true copy. Examined by Benjamin Rolfe, Proprietors' Clerk. Notification being issued agreeably to this desire — At a meeting of the pro prietors of the common and undivided land in the township of Rumford, regu larly assembled at the meeting-house in said Rnmford, on Thursday, the 2d day of February, 1737 — Mr. Barachias Farnum was chosen moderator of this present meeting. Agreed and Voted, That the return of the committee that was chosen at a legal meeting of said proprietors of the common and undivided land in the township of Rumford, on the 14th day of March, Annoque Domini 1736, to lay out a di vision of land for said proprietors, be accepted, which is as follows, viz. : Whereas, at a legal meeting of the proprietors of the common and undivided land in the township of Rumford, regularly assembled at the meeting-house in said Rumford, on Monday,' the 14th day of March, Annoque Domini 1736 — We, the subscribers, were chosen a committee, and empowered to lay out a division of the common and undivided land in the township of Rnmford, as by a vote of said proprietors may fully and at large appear, have accordingly at tended to the service, between the said 14th day of March and the last day of December, Annoque Domini 1737, and laid out as followeth, viz. : [First lot to 107.] This division of land was made between the 14th day of March, Annoque Domini one thousand seven hundred and thirty-six, and the last day of De cember, Annoque Domini one thousand seven "hundred and thirty-seven, ac cording to our best judgment, and agreeable to the vote of the proprietors. By us : Benjamin Rolfe, ) n ... John Chandler, \ 0"™""* The aforegoing report of the division of land being read and duly considered at a meeting of the proprietors, regularly assembled at the meeting-house in Rumford, on Thursday, the 2d day of February, Annoque Domini one thousand seven hundred and thirty-seven, it was PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 121 order of this Court at their Session begun and held at Boston, the first Day of December, 1732, which officers, when Chosen, are to Stand until the anniversary Meeting in March next. Sent down for Concurrence, T tit a > J. Willard, Secry. In the House of Representatives, Decemhr 20'*, 1732. Read and Concur'd, J. Quincy, Sper. Decr 21, 1732. Consented to, J. Belcher. Copy Examined per J. Willard, Sec'ry. Agreed and Voted, That the same be accepted and recorded by the proprietors' clerk. Concordat cum originali. Attest : Benja. Rolfe, Clerk for the Proprietors of Rumford. Voted, That the plans of the several lots of the afore-going division of land shall be entered in the proprietors' book by the clerk. [This was the 80 acres division. See original records.] ADDENDA TO CHAPTER III. No. 1. EXPLANATION OF THE FIRST SURVEY AND DIVISION OF HOUSE AND HOME LOTS ON THE WEST SIDE OF MERRIMACK RIVER. This survey was made in May, 1726. I. The house lots contained one acre and a half, more or less, and were laid off* in the following ranges : 1. The first range, on the east side of Main street from Pond Hill, (Rev. Tim othy Walker's — where Joseph B. Walker, Esq., now lives,) to the hill on tho north side of the present Gas Works — numbering 37 lots. Nos. 6 and 35 in this range are vacant. 2. The second range, on the west side of Main street, from Pond Hill, and of the same extent, and parallel with the first range — numbering 34 lots. No. 30 in this range is vacant. 3. The third range was west of the Biblical Institute, extending from the road running west, (by Richard Bradley's, Esq.,) to Washington street — numbering 11 lots. In this range No. 39 is vacant, and was subsequently laid out for a burying-place. The road between the second and third range was ten rods wide.* *The original width still appears at the north end of State street; but from the late James Btiswell's, south, it is but three rods, as subsequently laid out. The space between the old Hopkinton road and Washington street not being improved as a road, was laid out to Josliua Bailey as a part of his twenty acre lot. 122 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. 4. The " Island Range " lav along the high land on the west side of Horse-shoe Pond, and extended up°to what is called Wood's Brook - numbering 9 lots. Note. Besides the above, lots were laid out west of the north end of the third range, to Timothy Johnson, William Whitcher, Richard Coolidge and the School- which lots were bounded on the north by the road that formerly lead to Boscawen, and eeem to have been in place of the vacant lots before mentioned. These lots are not numbered on the record. II. The " Six Acre, or Home Lots," were laid out in the following order : 1. The "Eleven Lots," or Lowest Interval, comprised both house and home lots — "a highway four rods broad, saved and reserved through the aforesaid eleven lots." 2. " Wattanummon's Field "—still known by that name — contained ten lots. "A highway, two rods broad, saved and reserved on the southeasterly side of the first lot in this division, and also a highway, two rods broad, through the lost mentioned ten lots." 3. '* The Great Plain " comprised the whole interval on the west side of the river_lying east of Main street — from Wattanummon's Field to Frog Ponds, and numbered 72 lots, including the lot numbered 103. N. B. The several highways through these lots are "marked with sufficient distinctness on the accompanying Plan, by double lines. In addition, however, to the principal highways so marked, (1.) " A highway, two rods in breadth, is saved and reserved through the 20th, 21st and 22d lots." (2.) "A highway, three rods wide, through the easterly end of lots 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 103, OS nigh to Merrimack river as may be with convenience ;" and *' a highway of two rods wide through the easterly end of the 36th, 37th and 38th lots." (3.) "A highway, two rods broad, saved and reserved through the 59th lot, where it is now used to go over Wattanummon's Bridge, so called;" 4. Horse-shoe Island comprised ten lots. THE NAMES OF PROPRIETORS ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED, WITH THE HOUSE AND HOME LOTS LAID OUT IN MAY, 1726, AND SEVERALLY DRAWN IN 1727. [bt reference to the accompanying plan, the exact location of each settler may be ascertained.] Names, alphabetically ar ranged. Number, Quantity and Range of House Lots. NO.|Q.UAN. | WO-jqtJAW. Six-Acre, or Home Lots, and Range. Abbot, Nathaniel .... Austen, John . . . . Ayres, Samuel .... Ayres, John Abbot, Jacob Avers, Obadiah Barker, Zebediah, alias Ed ward Abbot Blanchard. Thomas . Barker, William . . . , Barker, Nathaniel, alias Solo mon Man in .... 1 y Second Range. 1 y First Range. . 1 % Island Range. 1 U I Island Range. I y, \ First Range. . 9.6*9, L'w'st Range.* 1 y Second Range 1 y, ' Second Range. 1 U 1 Third Range. 8.74 5.1285.9.16 6.126 57 6.20 42|5.150 59 \1,% H9 I'.,'1 Seeond Range Great Plain. Great Plain. Island. Island.Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. •The Lowest Range was "The Eleven Lots," and (9 acres C9 poles) included House and Home Lots. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. THE NAMES OF PROPRIETORS — CONTINUED. 123 Names, alphabetically ar ranged. XO.IqtJAW, Number, Quantity and Range of House Lots. Six-Acre, or Home Lots, and Range. Bayley, Joshua .... Boardman, Moses, alias Jo siah Jones, Blodgett, Nathan .... Bayley, John, alias Samuel White, ....... Clement, Nathaniel . . . Chandler, John Carlton, Benjamin . Carlton, Christopher . Carlton, Nehemiah . . . Coolidge, Richard, alias Sam uel Jones, Coggin, John Clark, Edward .... Coffin, Enoch Coleman, Thomas . . . Cogswell, Nathaniel . . Day, Moses Davis, Joseph Davis, Samuel .... Dodge, David Davis, Ephraim .... Eastman, Ebenezer Eames, Jacob Emerson, Stephen . . . . Foster, John Farnum, Ephraim .... Foster, Abraham .... Fisk, Nathan, alias Zachariah Chandler, Grainger, John Grainger, Samuel Gage, Benjamin . . . . Gutterson, William . . Heath, Nehemiah .... Hildreth, Ephraim . . . Hale, Joseph Hazzen, Moses .... Hazzen, Richard .... Hubbard, Jonathan, alias Dan iel Davis, Hall, Joseph Johnson, Timothy .... Jaques, John Jones, Nathaniel .... Kimball, Robert .... Kimball. Samuel .... Kimball, David .... Lovejoy, Nathaniel Lovejoy, Ebenezer . Learned, Thomas .... Mattis, John Merrill. John 33 iy 30 IK 9.54 iy \?« 1J* 1«1«iM1M n»1W IU i V2 i*ii« iy »>i \y 9.33 IU 83| 1UIU 83i IK 9.107 2 Hi iu>#i u iuiu l's iu u.1 1U First Range. First Range. Second Range First Range. Low'st R'nge.* First Range. First Range. First Range. First Range. Second Range Island Range. First Range. First Range. Third Range. First Range. Third Range. Third Range. First Range. First Range. Secdnd Range Second Range First Range. First Range. First Range. Second Range. Second Range Second Range Scjond Range Eleven Lots. First Range. Island Range. Eleven Lots. First Range. First Ramie. Eleven Lots. First Range. Eleven Lots. First Range. Second Range. Third Range. Second Range. First Range. First Range. Island Itangc. Third Ramte. Second Range. Second Hanjre. 24 6.104 6.966. 5.130 6.665.110 5.1286.94 10. 1 1£ 7.104 5.128 8.504.1006.93sy5.73 5.32 6% 5},<5.1285.105|5.1301 4.504.152 7.60 4.96 5.93 2.1146.6.27 11% 5.138 5.1306.20 | 6.66 ; 103 6.50 ! 18 6.50 i 16 5.95 i 84.64 ! 4 1 7.50 ] 43' 10. 1 00 54 8.100 Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Wat'nnm.'s. Great Plain. Island. Great Plain. Great Plain. Wat'num.'s. Great Plain. Wat'num.'s. Wat'num.'s.Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Island. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Island. Great Plain. Great Plain. Wat'num.'s. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plaiu. Island. Wat'num.'s. Great Plain. Great Plain. *The Lowest Range was "The Eleven Lots," and included House and Homo Lots 124 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. THE NAMES OF PROPRIETORS — CONTINUED. Names, alpliabeticatty ar ranged. NO.lQUAK. ! Number, Quantity and Range of House Lots. Six-Acre, or Home Lots, and Range. NO. Q.UAW. | RANGE. Mitchell, Andrew Minister, . . Nichols, Benjamin Osgood, John . Osgood, Stephen . Parker, Benjamin . Page, Thomas Peaslee, Robert Parker, Joseph . Parker, Nathan Page, Nathaniel . Phillips, Samuel . Parker, James Pulsipher, Jonathan Peaslee, Nathaniel Pecker, John . Page, Joseph . Peabody, John . Parsonage, Reynolds, Samuel . Rolfe, Henry . Sanders, John . Stevens, Ebenezer Sanders, John, Jr., . Sanders, Nathaniel Stevens, Benjamin Simonds, James . Simonds, Nathan . Shipley, Jonathau Snow, Zorababel . School, . . . Toppan, Samuel . Toppan, Bezaleel Urann. Richard Virgin, Ebenezer . Wright, John . . White, William . White, Nicholas Wise, Armni Ruham Walker, Isaac . Wood, David. . Whittier, William . Wieomb, Thomas Winn, Edward . Mill Giant on Turkey River, Noyes Cutting Grant, Mill Grant to Nathan Simonds, 19 1 1111 8 37 3 26 24 8 34 2528 4 1 2329 37 41 16 45 1317 2132 1 2 31 5 35! iy • 14 2; \y ii: \y 42 ; \y 6| \y 33, \y 7 1 9% 3J9.35 26 \y 28 \y 9 \y 141>2XX m i.u 1U14 lX •4 1414 9}o IU 1414 !4i%14 V414 14 14 14 1414 First Range. First Range. First Range. Eleven Lots.* Island Range. Third Range. First Range. First Range. Second Range. Second Range. Second Range. Second Range, First Range. Eleven Lots. Eleven Lots. First Range. Second Range First Range. Third Range. First Range. Third Range. Second Range. Second Range First Range. I Second Range. I Island Range. I First Range. j Second Range ! Second Range Third Range. 34 1 IU Second Range Second Range, Third Range. Island Range. Second Range. Eleven Lots. Eleven Lots. Second Range. Second Range. Island Range. 5.1106.903.70 13 51 1 II 3 1 49 20 39 6928 38 22 4 1 17 32 27 50 10 9 54! 6.20 sy6.6*2 5.16 6.20 64 7.128 7.507.40 6.48 5.906.120 6.120 6.905.130 Second Range, First Range. 7.1405.100 8. 54 8. 6.140 66 '6% 6116.28 60,5%63 5.36 52 6.104 6 8. 10!5.128 29!7. il 35,8U 33|6% 2 5.70 65. 128 55i6.25J6.107 Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Island. Wat'num.'s. Great Plain. Great Plain.. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Wat'nnm.'s.Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Island. Wat'nnm.'s.Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Wat'num.'s. Island. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. Island. Great Plain. Great Plain. Great Plain. 140 acres on Turkey River. [Main street. 40 acres, east side of river, and 10, 2d Range, . 100 acres on the east side. * " The Eleven Lots " included House and Home Lots. of the ~Lo PESAXU) original ji PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 125 EXPLANATION OF THE "SECOND DIVISION OF INTERVAL," MOSTLY ON THE EAST SIDE OF THE MERRIMACK RIVER, SURVEYED BY RICHARD HAZZEN, Jr., IN MAY, 1727, AND LAID OUT BY JOHN CHAJVDLER, RICHARD HAZZEN, Jr., AND WILLIAM WHITE, COMMITTEE. The plan of this survey is not preserved, but the localities mentioned are un derstood by tradition — the several names given in the record being still applied to them. 1. The "Mill Brook" Interval designates the lands which lie in the vicinity of the brook that rnns from Turtle Pond through the East Village, and empties into the Merrimack easterly of Federal Bridge. This was divided into two ranges, which included the whole interval west and north of the bridge. 2. " Sugar Ball Division " lies in the valley south of the Sugar Ball Hill, in the vicinity of Samuel Clifford's present residence. 3. " The Middle Plain " includes the interval immediately north and south of the Free Bridge Road, extending up to Sugar Ball Plain and down to the curve in the river, near the house of the late William Davis. 4. The " Lowest Interval " includes the lands from the ancient town line, this side of Turkey Falls, upwards, till it meets the Middle Plain. 5. " Rattle-snake Plains " lie on the west side of the river, from what is called Farnum's Eddy, northward, to the high banks north-east of the West Village, or as far as the interval extends in that direction. 6. "Frog Ponds" include the section of interval still well known by that name — though the course of the river has greatly changed the original bounds of some of the lots. The following table shows where the several lots, as laid ont originally, were located, and, also, the quantity of land to each. It will be observed that in several cases two parcels were allotted to the same person, in different localities. The record of this " Second Division " is in Vol. I. of Proprietors' Records, pp. 29-43. 1. MILL BROOK INTERVAL — FIRST RANGE. 1. Edward Abbot, . 2. John Foster,. 3. Nehemiah Heath, . 4. Ebenezer Lovejoy, 5. Samuel Ayer, . 6. Stephen Osgood, 7. David Wood, . 8. John Grainger, . 9. William Barker, . 10. Timothy Johnson, 1 1 . Ebenezer Virgin, . 12. Nathaniel Abbot, ACRES. ¦ 2M . 2,U • 2g . iy ¦ ^y . 2U . 4 . 5 • *K . 4 . 4U • 4U wo. 13. John Chandler, . 14. Bczaleel Toppan, . 15. John Coggin, . . 16. Ebenezer Eastman, . 17. Samuel Davis,. . 18. Nathan Parker, . . 19. Edward Clark, . 20. Benjamiu Stevens, . 21. Nehemiah Heath, . 22. John Foster, . , 23. Jonathan Shipley, ACRES. 4 . 4U 4>?4V< 66 3U 3" *4 24. Nathaniel Jones, .... 4}i MILL BROOK INTERVAL— SECOND RANGE. 1. Abraham Foster, 5 2. John Sanders 5 3. Thomas Wicomb, 5 4. Nathan Blodgett, 5 5. Minister, 6 6. Parsonage, 6 7. School 5 8. Zerobbabel Snow, .... 5 9. Edward Abbot 2U 10. Ebenezer Lovejoy, . . . . 2-U 11. Samuel Ayer, 2,U 12. Stephen Osgood, .... 2,V, 126 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. 2. SUGAR BALL PLAIN. 1. Benjamin Niccolls, 2. Ephraim Farnum, . 3. Nathaniel Lovejoy, 4. John Jaques, . 5. Benjamin Carlton, 6. Andrew Mitchell, . 7. Stephen Emerson, 8. Thomas Colman, . 1. Thomas Coleman, 2. Ephraim Davis, . 3. Benjamin Niccolls, 4. Stephen Emerson, 5. Ephraim Farnum, i 6. Nathaniel Lovejoy, 7. John Jaques, 8. Benjamin Carlton, 9. Andrew Mitchell, 1 0. John Sanders, Jr., 11. John Pecker, 12. James Parker, . . 13. Robert Peaslee, . 14. Joseph Parker, . ACRES. . 3 • 2M •2^ • 2^ .zy ¦ ay ¦*X , zy no. "»«¦ 9. Ephraim Davis Zy 10. Samuel Reynolds, .... 5 II. John Ayer 6 12. Samuel White, 5 13. David Kimball, .... 5 14. Moses Day 5 15. John Pecker, 2% 16. John Sanders, iy MIDDLE PLAIN. ACRES. . 4 3 . 3 24 .zy 24 .zy 24 •2U 24 .zy 5 . 5 5 NO. ACRES. 15. Jacob Eames, S 16. Samuel Grainger, 17. John Mat tis, . . . 18. John Osgood, . . 19. Ephraim Hildreth, . 20. Richard Hazzen, Jr., 21. Benjamin Gage, . . 22. William White, . . 23. Nathaniel Clement, . 24. Obadiah Ayer, . . 25. Jonathan Pulsepher, . 26. Nicholas White, . . 27. Joseph Ball, . . . 28. Nathaniel Peaslee, . 5 , . 5 . 3 . 3 . 3 , . 3 . 3 . 3 »(t) . 3 . 3 " . 3 . 3 All the foregoing lots are numbered from the npper end down Merrimack 4. LOWEST INTERVAL — ON THE EAST SIDE OF THE RIVER. Lots numbered from the town line up Merrimack river. I. Nathaniel Peaslee, 2. Joseph Hall, . . 3. Nicholas White, 4. Jonathan Pulsipher, 5. Obadiah Ayer, . 6. Nathaniel Clement, 7. William White, . 8. Benjamin Gage, . 9. Richard Hazzen, Jr, 10. Ephraim Hildreth, 11. John Osgood, . 12. Joseph Hale, . 13. John Peabody, . 14. Edward Winn, . 1 5. Josiah Jones, 16. Joshua Bayley, . .4% *% *¥ •4K %4% .4%. 5 24 .zy 24 .zy 24 *X 55555 N. B. There is to run a drift-way of three rods through the westerly end of the thirty-one lots last mentioned, as nigh to Merrimack river as may be with convenience. 5. RATTLE-SNAKE PLAINS. These lots are numbered up Merrimack river. 17. Jonathan Hubbard,. 18. Ammi Ru>> Wise, 19. Thomas Blanchard, 20. Moses Hazzen, 21. Isaac Walker, . 22. Nathan Simons, . 23. Joseph Page, . . 24. Nathaniel Sanders, 25. John Wright, . . 26. Nathaniel Page, . 27. Nathan Fisk, alias Zachariah Chandler, . . 28. Solomon Martin, 29. Samuel Kemball, . 30. William Gutterson, 31. John Merrill, . ACRES .zy•2U 24 NO. ACRES. 1. David Dodge 5 2. Samuel Toppan 5 3. Christopher Carlton, .... 5 4, Nehemiah Carlton, .... 5 NO. ACRES. 5. Jacob Abbott, 5 6. William Whittier, .... 5 7. Thomas Page, 5 8. John Austin, 4 PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 127 NO. ACRES. 9. Henry Rolfe, 4 10. Benjamin Parker, .... 4 11. Thomas Perley, for Nathaniel Cogswell, 4 12. Samuel Jones, 4 NO. ACRES 13. Thomas Earned zy 14. James Simons, 2 15. Robert Kimball, .... 2U 16. Joseph Davis, zy 17. Richard Urann, .... 3 N. B. There is allowance in these lots for a highway to run through them till it comes to Urann's lot. 6. DIVISION AT "FROG PONDS." NO. ACRES. 1. Enoch Coffin 5 2. Samuel Phillips, 5 3. Nathaniel Page, .... zy 4. John Wright, zy 5. Nathaniel Sanders, .... 2 ) ., 6. Nathan Simons, 2U 7. Joseph Page zy 8. Isaac Walker zy NO. ACRES. 9. Moses Hazzen, . . . . (?) 10. Thomas Blanchard, . . . Z% 11. Ammi Run Wise, . . . zy 12. Jonathan Hubbard, . . . 2U 13. Joshua Bayley, .... zy 14. Josiah Jones, 21., 15. Edward Winn, .... 2>£ 16. John Pcabody, zy Laid out to Nathaniel Abbot, " all that swamp betwixt his first division of interval and Merrimack river, containing one acre and a quarter, more or less." To Joseph Hale, two acres of swamp adjoining Abbot's. To David Wood, one acre of swamp adjoining Hale's. To Benjamin Niccolls, one acre of swamp adjoining Wood's. To John Austin, one acre of swamp adjoining Niccolls'. To Ebenezer Stevens, four and a half acres of land,, bounded on Benjamin Parker's lot, on one side, and Horse-shoe Pond and the brook that runs out of it, on the other. To William Barker, all that land lying betwixt the highway that runs by his interval lot, and the brook that runs through Horse-shoe Pond, containing thirty- five poles, more or less. To Ebenezer Virgin, the land betwixt his first division of interval and the brook that runs out of Horse-shoe Pond — forty poles. To Timothy Johnson, the land lying betwixt his first division of interval and Horse-shoe Pond brook — one acre and a half. EXPLANATION OF THE "TWENTY ACRES" DIVISION. This division of land was made between the 14th of September, 1732, and the 18th of June, 1734, agreeable to a vote of the proprietors, " according to our best judgment," by Ebenezer Eastman, John Chandler, Jeremiah Stickney, Jo seph Eastman, Edward Abbott, Benjamin Rolfe, committee. No plan has been preserved of this division. The lots were laid off in differ ent parts of the township. The original bounds are recorded in the Proprietors' Records, Vol. II., but only a part of them can at the present time be recognized by the description there given. Ten twenty acre lots were laid off north of what was called the Contoocook [Boscawen] road — extending from the north end of Main street into the neighborhood of the West Vilbge. Ten more were laid off on the Hopkinton road, in the vicinity of the new jail, westward, beyond the monument. Several were laid off west of the " second range,'- on Main street. In many cases, however, the original lots arc known only by tradition, and by records of conveyances, &c. 128 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. "EMENDATION LOTS." These lots were laid out in different quantities, and frequently in different sections, in order " to make the interval lots belonging to the proprietors equal as to quantity and quality." The bounds are recorded in Proprietors' Records, Vol. II., but must be recognized mainly, at this time, by family tradition, and by written conveyances. This division was made between the 14th of November, 1732, and the 1st of December, 1734, by vote of the proprietors, and " according to our best judgment," by Ebenezer Eastman, Abraham Bradley, Joseph East man, committee. "EIGHTY ACRES DIVISION." A division of common and undivided land was ordered (14th of March, 1736,) to be made to the several grantees, "as large as the committee shall think the good land will allow of" — to be laid out in one or more pieces. This is called the " eighty acres " division, though the lots varied from eighty acres to one hundred and fifty, or even more, according to quality. The lots were laid off, in many cases, in different pieces, remote from each other. Plans of these lots are preserved among the Proprietors' Records, Vol. III., with the roads and drift-ways reserved which ran through them. The division was made by Benja min Rolfe and John Chandler, committee. Special grants of land were made as follows : To Nathan Simonds — mill grant, one hundred acres, on the east side of the river. To Cutting Noyes, for doing blacksmith work, forty acres, on the east side of the river, and ten acres on the west side, opposite Lot No. 23, first range of honse lots. -To Henry Lovejoy and Barachias Farnum — mill grant on Turkey river — one hundred and forty acres. To Col. John Wainwright, for services as clerk, one hundred acres. To John Men-ill, for keeping ferry, twenty acres. NO. 2. THE STATE AND CONDITION OF THE SETTLEMENT IN OCTOBER, 1731. [copied, alphabetically, from the oetginal eepokt.] Nathaniel Abbot. He had a house bnilt and his family there. Jacob Abbot. He had a house built and inhabited. John Austin". He had a house built and inhabited. Samuel Ayer. He had a house framed, and twelve acres of land fenced, mowed and ploughed. Obadiah Ayer. ne had a house built and inhabited. John Ayer. He had a house inhabited. John Bayley. He had a house erected, but not finished. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 129 Nathaniel Barker. He hod a honse built, and the lot improved by James Varnum, an inhabitant. Zebediah Barker. He had a house and barn well finished and inhabited. William Babkeb. He had a house well finished and inhabited, and a good barn. Joshua Bayley. He had a house built and inhabited. Thomas Blanchard. Ho had a house built and inhabited. Moses Boabdman. He hod a house built, but not quite finished, but tenant- able — six acre lot fenced in and nnder improvement. Nathan Blodoett. He had a house inhabited. Christopher Cableton. He had a house built and inhabited. Benjamin Cableton. He had a house built, and the order of Conrt com plied with by Jeremiah Stickney, an inhabitant. Nehemiah Cableton. He had a house erected, and the order complied with by Abner Hoit, an inhabitant. John Chandler. A house built and inhabited — the order fully complied with. Nathaniel Clement. He had no house and no inhabitant — three acres ploughed. John Coggin. He hod a house erected, but not finished — twelve acres of land fenced and improved. Edward Clabk. He had a house built — not finished — a man inhabiting there — twelve acres within fence, mowed and ploughed. Enoch Coffin. He had a house built, and the order complied with by Jon athan Danforth. Thomas Colman. He had a honse built and inhabited. Richabd Cooledge. He had no house, but land improved, and order oth erwise complied with by Ens. John Chandler. Joseph Davis. He hod a honse built and well finished. Ephraim Davis. He had a honse built, and the order was complied with by his son. Samuel Davis. [Blank.] Moses Day. He had a house built and inhabited. David Dodge. He hod a house built — not finished. Jacob Eames. He had a good dwelling house — six acre lot fenced in and broke up. Ebenezer Eastman. He had six sons on the spot — six men in his family. He paid the charge of building a corn-mill ; and he has broke up, cleared and mowed upward of eighty acres of land, and had very considerable buildings, out-houses, barns, &a, there. Stephen Emebson. He had a house built, and the order complied with — no inhabitant. Ephraim Farnum. He was an inhabitant and had a house built. Nathan Fisk. He had a house built and inhabited, and the order complied with by Z. Chandler. Abraham Foster. He had a house built and inhabited. John Foster. He had a house built, and the order complied with by his son. Benjamin Gage. He had a house built and inhabited. 9 130 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. John Granger. He had a house built and finished — order complied with by John Russ, inhabitant. Samuel Grainger. He had a house built — order complied with by George Abbot. William Gutterson. He had a house built, and the order complied with by John Merrill. Joseph Hale. He had a frame standing on the honse lot. Joseph Hall. He had a honse built and inhabited. Moses Hazzen. He had a house built and inhabited. Richard Hazzen, Jun. He had a house- built, and the order complied with by Deo. Osgood. Nehemiah Heath. [Blank.] Ephraim Hildreth. He had a frame, not raised, but ready, and land ploughed. Jonathan Hubbard, for Daniel Davis. He had a house built and inhab ited. John Jaques. He had a house bnilt and inhabited. Timothy Johnson. He had a house built and inhabited. Nathaniel Jones. He had a house built, and order complied with by his son. David Kimball. He had a house built — an inhabitant. Robert Kimball. He had a house — the order complied with — his son an inhabitant. Samuel Kimball. He had a house built — not finished — the order com plied with by his son. Isaac Learned. He had a house — man dead. Ebenezer Lovejoy. He had a house, but uninhabited. Nathaniel Lovejoy. He had a house erected — not finished. John Mattis. He had a house and bam, and inhabited. John Merrill. He had a house bnilt — an inhabitant. Andrew Mitchell. He had a honse erected — not finished — twelve acres fenced and ploughed. Benjamin Nichols. He had a house built and inhabited. John Osgood. He had a house built and inhabited. Stephen Osgood. He had a honse — ten acres fenced and mowed — cleared — nothing ploughed. Thomas Page. [Blank.] Joseph Page. He had a honse built and inhabited. Nathaniel Page. He had a house built, finished and inhabited. Joseph Parker. He hod a house, but not finished — orders otherwise com plied with by Ezekicl Walker, an inhabitant. Nathan Parker. He had a house built and inhabited. Benjamin Parker. He had a house partly covered — ten acres fenced and improved by ploughing and mowing. James Parker. He had no house — the land ploughed, mowed and fenced by Lt. Farrington, an inhabitant. John Peabody. He had a house up — negro man, inhabitant — orders oth erwise complied with. Nathaniel Peaslee. He had a house — order complied with by John Merrill. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 131 Robebt Peaslee. He had a house and inhabited. John Pecker. He had a house built and inhabited. Rev. Samuel Phillips. He had a house up — not finished — order for im provement complied with by William Peters. Jonathan Pulsipher. He had a house built and inhabited. Thomas Perley, for Nathaniel Cogswell. He had u. house built and was an inhabitant. Samuel Reynolds. He had a house erected, but not finished, and land fenced and improved — no inhabitant. Henbt Rolfe. He had a honse built and inhabited. John Sanders. He had a house built and inhabited. Nathaniel Sanders. He hod a house built and inhabited. John Sanders, Jr. He hod a house built — land ploughed, mowed and fenced. Jonathan Shipley. [Blank.] James Simonds. He had a house built and inhabited. Nathan Simonds. [Blank.] Ebenezer Stevens. He had a house and barn built, finished and inhabited. Zerobbabel Snow. He had a house up, inhabited by Isaac Walker. Benjamin Stevens, Esq. He had a house and barn — improved by Ebene zer Stevens. Bbzaleel Toppan. He had a house built and inhabited. Samuel Toppan. He had a house inhabited — order complied with by Danforth. Richard TJban. He was an inhabitant, and had land mowed, ploughed and fenced. Ebenezer Vibgin. He had a house and inhabited it. Isaac Walker. He had a house up — not finished — was an inhabitant, with his family — twelve acres fenced, mowed and ploughed. William White. No house frame ready — three acres ploughed — that's all. Nicholas White. Frame raised — possessed by Call, an inhabitant there. Thomas Wicomb. He had a house built, and had a man there. William Whittier. No house nor inhabitant. Edward Winn. He had a house up — not finished. John Wright. He had a house almost finished — an inhabitant. Ammi Ruhamah Wise. He had a house built and inhabited. David Wood. He had a house and a man on the spot — ten acres fenced, mowed and ploughed. Total— 100. The above is the account of the present state and circumstances of the Plan tation of Penny Cook, taken there by 03 careful a view as we could, and the best information of the principal settlers and inhabitants. John Wainwright, October 20, 1731. Jno. Sanders. 132 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. No. 3. A STATEMENT OF EXPENSES INCURRED BV THE SETTLERS, FROM 1725 TO 1733. £ a. For the privilege of admittance, 20s. each 100 00 For right to a lot, £5 each, 500 00 To Obadiah Ayer, for examining records 2 00 For expense of committee, surveyors, &c — first division — 40s. each, . 200 00 For laying out second division of interval, 26 00 For block-house and canoes, 113 17 For preferring a petition to the General Court, 0 20 To Mr. John Sanders, for his services, in part, 0 15 For mending the highways to Penacook, 14 02 To Rev. Bezaleel Toppan, for preaching, &c., 1 10 To heirs of Rev. Enoch Coffin 4 00 To Mr. Henry Rolfe, for a ferry-boat over Suncook river 5 00 For " and toward " settling the first minister, 100 00 For a grist-mill, (10s. each,) 50 00 To Mr. John Sanders, in part pay for his services, 3 00 For ordination expenses, 31 10 To John Wainwright and John Sanders, for services, 4 00 £1157 14 Abated 500 00 It appears, however, that jE500 — toward which each settler gave a bond of £5 for his right to a lot — was, upon petition, abated. Beside these expenses — which, it would seem, were promptly met — each settler met his own charges in building his house, clearing and fencing his land ; and, after Rev. Mr. Walker's settlement, paying his salary and other current expenses of the community — all which shows that they were, in general, men of substance, and "well able" to prosecute their noble and hazardous enterprise. BRIEF NOTICES OF THE PROPRIETORS AND EARLY SETTLERS, IN THE ORDER OF THEIE NAMES. ABBOT. Nathaniel Abbot, son of Nathaniel, son of George, the ancestor of the Abbots of Andover, Massachusetts, was bom in Andover in 1696. He married Penelope Ballard; was about thirty years of age when he came to Penacook. They had thirteen children. His house lot was No. 12, second range — where the North Congregational Church now stands. He was the first constable of Penacook, (1732/3,) — an efficient, enterprising, useful citizen, and member of the church. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 133 At the commencement of the French war, (1744,) he entered the service, and joined the rangers under Maj. Robert Rogers. He held a lieutenant's commis sion in 1755, in Capt. Joseph Eastman's company, in the expedition against Crown Point, and was a lieutenant in Capt. Richard Rogers' company of rangers, in Fort William Henry, at the time of the massacre, 1757. In 1746 he had command of a company in defense of the town against the Indians. He died in 1770, aged 74. [See Register of Abbot family.] Edward Abbot, cousin of Capt. Nathaniel ; son of Timothy, son of George, of Andover, married Dorcas Chandler; was one of the first selectmen of Rnmford. In 1746 his house was a garrison that stood on the spot where Dr. Thomas Chadbourne now lives — south-east corner of Montgomery and Main streets. Edward, his son, was the first male child born in Penacook, (7th of January, 1731,) and Dorcas the first female child. [See Town Register.] Jacob Abbot, cousin of Nathaniel and Edward; son of Benjamin, son of George, of Andover. He died in the French war, 1760. AUSTIN. John Austin, probably a descendant of Thomas Austin, from Andover, where was Samuel Austin (1714,) who died 1753, aged eighty-three. AYERS. Obadiah, Samuel and John Ayers, or Ayer, were from Haverhill. Obadiah was a graduate of Harvard College, 1710; was employed to "examine the General Court's records, to see if there be any former grant" of the township ; was " one of the principal inhabitants of Haverhill." Samuel and John were of the same family — young men — and were among the most active and enterprising settlers. [See Family Register.] They were all descendants of John, who was of Salis bury, 1640, of Ipswich, 1648, and at Haverhill, 1657. BLANCHARD. Thomas Blanchard, from Andover, was u, son or grandson of Samuel Blan- chard, who came from England, in 1639, with his father, Thomas, on the ship Jonathan, and settled in Charlestown. Thence Samuel removed to Andover, in 1686, and died April, 1707, aged seventy-seven. Thomas, the proprietor of Penacook, died in 1759, aged eighty-five. BARKER. William, Nathan and Zebediah Barker came from Andover. William, son of Richard Barker, one of the founders of the church in Andover, 1645, was uncle to Nathan and Zebediah — the one, son of Ebenezer, and the other of Stephen Barker, brothers of William. [See Family Register.] BAYLEY. Capt. Joshua Bayley is named in the Proprietors' Records as " one of the prin cipal inhabitants of Haverhill." Probably came to Haverhill from Newbury ; born the 30th of October, 1685, and a descendant of John Bayley, who came from Chippenham, England, (a weaver,) and settled in Newbury, 1650. [See Coffin's Hist, of Newbury, App., p. 294.] BOARDMAN. Moses Boardman — unknown. 134 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. BLODGETT. Nathan Blodgett was probably from Woburn. CLEMENT. Nathaniel Clement was from Haverhill. CHANDLER. John Chandler, son of Capt. John Chandler, of Andover, who died in 1721, and grandson of Capt. Thomas Chandler, who died in 1703, was a leading and influential man. Zechariah Chandler was a cousin of John, son of William, son of Capt. Thomas. The first Capt. John was a powerful, athletic man, of great muscular strength and cool, indomitable courage. The late Nathan Chandler, great-grandson of Capt. John, used to relate, that on one occasion, when bis ancestor, Capt. John, of Andover, went to Newburyport, he was impressed by three of the king's officers — saying to him, as they laid hands on his shoulder : " The king needs your service." He wished to be excused ; saying that his family required his care and attention, &c. ; to which the reply was : " We can not help that ; the king needs your services ; you will go with us." Apparently yielding, he walked quietly along with them till they reached a spot where a honse had been burned down, and where was a deep cellar with ashes and half consumed timber. Turning quickly around, he seized them one by one, and threw them into the cellar, where he left them and went on his way. CARLTON. The Carltons — Benjamin, Nehemiah and Christopher — were relatives, proba bly from Andover and Haverhill. Mirick, in his History of Haverhill, says, " Christopher Carlton was among the original proprietors of Penacook ;" but the late John Farmer, Esq., said that Christopher Carlton was son of John Carl ton, of Andover. The name was common in both places. COOLIDGE. Richard Coolidge — unknown. COGGIN. John Coggin is believed to have been of Wobum. None of the name are now in Concord. CLARK. Edward Clark was from Haverhill. COFFIN. Rev. Enoch Coffin was son of the Hon. Nathaniel Coffin ; bom at Newbury, Massachusetts, February 7, 1695/6; graduated at Harvard College in 1714; died August, 1728. He received a call to settle in Dunstable, N. H., as suc cessor of Rev. Thomas Weld, but declined it on account of his health. Mr. Coffin accompanied the honorable Committee of the Court and surveyors when they came to Penacook to lay out the land, in May, 1726, and preached twice on the Sabbath after their arrival, in a tent, on Sugar Ball Plain. His father, Nathaniel, was son of Tristram Coffin, of Newbury, whose father, Tristram Coffin, was born in Brixham Parish, town of Plymouth, England, in 1609. In 1642 Tristram Coffin came to this country with his mother, wife, two sisters, and five children — Peter, Tristram, Elizabeth, James and John. Peter Coffin, son of this Tristram, was bom in 1630; resided the principal part of his life in PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 135 Dover, N. H., and was concerned in the trucking house, in Penacook, in 1668. He died the 21st of March, 1715, at Exeter, aged eighty-five. Tristram Coffin was the ancestor of a numerous race, to which belong Samuel Coffin, Esq., of Concord, and those of the name in Boscawen. [See Coffin's Hist, of Newbury.] The first settlers of the name in Concord, after the death of Rev. Enoch, were William and Peter, sons of John, of Newbury. Peter afterward settled in Bos cawen, from whom those of that name there have descended. COLEMAN. Thomas Coleman was of Newbury, probably a descendant of Thomas Coleman, or " Coultman," as he wrote it, (laborer.) who was bora 1602, in Marlborough, Wiltshire, England, and came to Newbury in the James, 1635. He died at Nantucket, 1685, aged eighty-three. Coleman forfeited his lot, by not paying, to Henry Rolfe, Esq. COGSWELL. Nathaniel Cogswell's right was drawn and carried on by Thomas Perley. " Perley " was, and still is, a common name of Boxford, Massachusetts. DAY. Moses Day was from Bradford. One of the same name was deacon of the church in the West Parish of Bradford, 1730, and also 1750. Probably one of them was' the proprietor in Penacook. [See Rev. G. B. Perry's sermon, December 12, 1820.] DAVIS. Ephraim, Joseph and Samuel were from Haverhill. Ephraim was the only one who finally settled in Concord. He was born the 20th of March, 1697 — son of Ephraim, son of John, a descendant of Thomas, who was of Marlborough, Eng land, and was in Newbury, 1641 ; then in Haverhill, 1642, where he died in 1683, aged eighty. [See Family Register.] DODGE. David Dodge — not known from whence he came — none of the name now resident here. EASTMAN. Capt. Ebenezer Eastman was from Haverhill ; one of the most enterprising and useful of the proprietors. He settled on the east side of the river. His house was a garrison in 1746 — situated west of the present residence of Robert East man. On the old house lot, which is now divided by the track of the Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad, several ancient apple trees are still standing, which Capt. Eastman set out with his own hands. [See biographical notice.] EAMES. Jacob Eames was from Andover. EMERSON. Stephen Emerson was from Haverhill. FOSTER. John and Abraham Foster were from Andover — descendants of Andrew Foster, one of the first settlers in Andover, who came from England, and died 1685, aged one hundred and six years. John was son of Ephraim, who died 1746, aged eighty-eight. Abraham was probably a cousin of John. 136 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. FARNUM. Ephraim Farnum, from Andover, was son of Ephraim, son of Ralph Famum, who married Elizabeth Holt, in 1658. He drew house lot No. 15, which was the spot where the house of the late Dr. Green stood. He afterward settled on the land now owned by Dea. Benjamin Famum and by Moses H. Farnum, who arc descendants. Ephraim Famum was chosen deacon of the church Au gust, 1731. How long he served is unknown. But, " desiring a dismission from the office, at a church meeting, he was dismissed, and George Abbot chosen in his room." He died in 1775, aged about eighty. His descendants in Concord are many. [See Farnum Family.] GRANGER.1 John and Samuel Granger were brothers from Andover ; sons of John Granger, who was born in 1 655, and died in 1 725, aged seventy — who was probably a son of Lancelot Granger, of Newbury, ancestor of the late Gideon Granger, Post master General of the United States. GAGE. Benjamin Gage was from Bradford. GUTTERSON. William Gutterson was from Andover — son of John Gutterson — probably a descendant from an early family in Ipswich. HEATH. Neltemiah Heath was from Haverhill. HILDRETH. Ephraim Hildreth was probably from Chelmsford, where many of the name have resided. HALE. Joseph Hale was from Newbury — probably son of Joseph, a descendant of Thomas Hale, (glover,) "who, with his wife Tamosin or Thomasine, came to Newbury in 1635. and died December, 1682, aged seventy-eight." HAZZEN. Moses and Richard Hazzen, Jr., were from Haverhill. Richard was a graduate of Harvard College in 1717; surveyor in Penacook in 1726 and 1727 ; repre sentative from Haverhill in 1 742. Both Moses and Richard were connected with the Bradley family. [See Genealogical List — Ch., "Bradley Family" — nei ther settled in Concord.] Richard Hazzen was one of the surveyors appointed by New-Hampshire to run out and mark the boundary line fixed by the king, in 1740, between New-Hampshire and Massachusetts. [See Belknap's History, Farmer's ed., vol. i., p. 259.] HALL. Dea. Joseph Hall, from Bradford. One of the same name was deacon in the West Parish church of Bradford, in 1 730. He drew one of the " Eleven Lots," (No. 2,) for his house and home lot, and settled there. July 5, 1736, he married Deborah Abbot, sister of Edward and George Abbot, by whom he had five children. [See Family Register.] He was deacon of the church in Concord more than forty years ; a benefactor to the poor, and an example of Christian virtues. During the hostilities of the Indians his house was a garrison. He PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 137 died April 8, 1784, aged seventy-seven. Deborah, his wife, was a pattern of industry, economy, charity and piety. She rose, summer and winter, as early as four o'clock. " In the early settlement of the town, going one day from her brother Edward's to her brother George's, she turned from the path to pick berries, near where the State House now stands, and lost her way. In her ninety-fifth year she fell and injured her limbs so that she could not walk." JOHNSON. Timothy Johnson is said by Mirick, in his history of Haverhill, ("p. 246,) to have been from that place. John Farmer, Esq., reckons him as from Andover — son of Timothy, who died in 1719, aged eighty-eight. JAOUES. John Jaques is believed to have been from Bradford — none of the name are now in town. JONES. Nathaniel Jones — unknown. KIMBALL. Robert, Samuel and David Kimball were from Bradford. Probably the latter only finally settled in Concord. He was the father of Capt. Reuben Kimball, whose name often occurs in our history. He died November 20, 1745. [See Family Register.] Thomas Kimball was an early settler in Bradford, and was shot by the Indians, May 3, 1676, and his wife and five children taken captive, who were afterward returned by the friendly offices of Wonalancet of Penacook. [See History of Haverhill.] LOVEJOY. Nathaniel and Ebenezer Lovejoy were brothers, and sons of John Lovejoy, of Andover, who died in 1690. Some of the family still live in Concord. Several of them have been distinguished for longevity. LEARNED. Thomas Learned was probably from Woburn. MERRILL. John Merrill, deacon, is believed to have come from Haverhill, (West Parish,) — probably a descendant of Nathaniel, brother of John Merrill, one of the first settlers in Newbury. Dea. Merrill's house was built on the hill at the lower end of Main street, where the roads part. The original well still remains, with good water in it. He was chosen deacon December 17, 1730. He kept the first ferry over the Merrimack river. [See Family Register.] MATTIS. John Mattis. His origin is not known — probably not a permanent settler. MITCHELL. Andrew Mitchell was from Newbury — believed to have been a descendant of William Mitchell, who died in Newbury in 1654. NICHOLS. Benjamin Nichols. His origin is not certainly known. There was a Nicholas Nichols, of Andover, in 1702. 138 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. OSGOOD. John and Stephen Osgood were cousins, from Andover — the former son of John, and the latter son of Stephen Osgood — both descendants from John Os good, one of the founders of the church in Andover, October, 1645, who came from Andover, England; bom July 23, 1595, and died October, 1651, aged fifty-six. PARKER. Benjamin, James and Nathan Parker were brothers, from Andover — sons of John Parker, who was born in 1653, and died in 1738, aged eighty-five — and grandsons of Nathan Parker, one of the founders of the church in Andover, in 1645 — born in England, and died in 1685. Joseph Parker was son of Joseph Parker, son of Joseph who died in 1678 — one of the founders of the church in Andover (1645.) This family went from New bury to Andover. It is not improbable that Joseph and Nathan were brothers. The descendants of these families still live in Concord. [See Family Register.] PAGE. Nathaniel Page was from Haverhill, and, probably, Thomas and Joseph also. [See Mirick's Hist., p. 146.] Several of the name still remain in town. PEASLEE. Nathaniel and Robert Peaslee were from Haverhill — probably did not settle here. Nathaniel Peasley was representative from Haverhill in 1737, 1739 to 1742; 1746 to 1749; 1752andl753. In 1739 he was one of the General Court's committee on the disputed question of the boundary line between the provinces of Massachusetts and New-Hampshire. PHILLIPS. Rev. Samuel Phillips was minister of the South Parish church in Andover ; bora February 28, 1690; graduated at Harvard College in 1708; ordained at Andover October 17, 1711, and died June 5, 1771. His right in Penacook was carried on by William Peters. His two sons, Samuel and John, were distin guished men — the latter as founder of Exeter Academy and of the Phillips Professorship of Divinity in Dartmouth College — now filled by Rev. Daniel J. Noyes, first pastor of the South Congregational Church in Concord. Rev. Mr. Phillips was one of the council that ordained Rev. Timothy Walker at Pena cook, November 18, 1730, and gave him the charge. PULSIPHER. Jonathan Pulsipher's origin is not known. None of the name now resident in Concord. PECKER John Pecker is believed to have come from Haverhill. He was a leading and useful man in town — supposed to be the ancestor of the late Jeremiah Pecker, Esq., who deceased August 12, 1843, aged seventy-one. James and Jeremiah Pecker, both of Haverhill, were graduates of Harvard College — 1743 and 1757. PEABODY. John Peabody was probably from Salisbury, Massachusetts. None of the family now in Concord. REYNOLDS. Samuel Reynolds. Whence he came to Concord, unknown. PROPRIETARY RECORDS. 139 ROLFE. Henry Rolfe, Esq., was from Newbury — a descendant of Henry, son of Hon our Rolfe, who came to Newbury among the first settlers, and died in 1643. [See Family Register.] Henry Rolfe, Esq., was one of the commission ap pointed by Massachusetts, in 1737, on the question of the boundary line between Massachusetts and New-Hampshire. [See Belknap's Hist., note, p. 243, 1737.] SANDERS. John Sanders, John Sanders, Jr., and Jonathan Sanders — the two former, father and son, were from Haverhill — probably, also, Nathaniel Sanders. John Sanders was representative from Haverhill from 1720 to 1726, and was one of "the Committee of the Great and General Court" for the settlement of Pena cook. Nathaniel Sanders forfeited his rights to Nathan Webster, Esq., of Ha verhill. STEVENS. Benjamin and Ebenezer Stevens were brothers, from Andover — sons of John Stevens, son of John, a member of Rev. Mr. Dane's church in Andover, and who died in 1662. Capt. Benjamin Stevens, "one of the principal inhabitants" of Andover, who died in 1730, aged seventy-three, was also son of the first John, and uncle of Benjamin and Ebenezer. SIMONDS. James and Nathan Simonds were probably from Woburn. SNOW. Zerobbabel Snow. From whence he came is unknown. The name is not found at present in Concord. He owned a lot on what is now called the Borough, and for him is named Snow's Pond. SHIPLEY. Jonathan Shipley. Whence from not known. TOPPAN. Bezaleel and Samuel Toppan were from Newbury. Rev. Bezaleel Toppan was bom March 7, 1705, and was son of Rev. Christopher Toppan, pastor of a church in Newbury, who died July 23, 1747, in his seventy-sixth year. Bezaleel was a graduate of Harvard College in 1722 ; preached a while at Penacook ; was settled in Salem, Massachusetts, and died in 1762, aged fifty-seven. Samuel Toppan was born November 24, 1702, and was son of Samuel, son of Dr. Peter Toppan, and cousin of Rev. Bezaleel. Their common ancestor was Abraham Toppan, who came, to Newbury in 1637. URANN. Richard Urann, it is believed, was from Newbury. The name still continues in Concord. VIRGIN. Ebenezer Virgin. His origin is uncertain, though, probably, he came from Salisbury. WRIGHT. John Wright. WHITE. Niclwlas and William White were from Haverhill. John White was repre- 140 THE PLANTATION OF PENACOOK. sentative from Haverhill in 1715 and 1716, and again in 1719. William White was representative in 1733 and 1734. WISE. Ruhamah Wise. He may have been connected with Rev. John Wise, minister of a parish in Ipswich. WALKER. Isaac Walker was from Woburn — a relative of Rev. Timothy Walker, from the same place. Isaac Walker was father of Isaac, Jr., grandfather of Abiel, lately deceased, who lived on the spot where his grandfather built his log house. Isaac Walker, (Jr.,) died on the same day that Rev. Timothy Walker died. [See Town Records.] In 1746 the house of Timothy Walker, Jr., that stood about where George Hutchins now lives, was a garrison. He was a son of Isaac Walker, Sen. WOOD. David Wood. This is a Newbury name. He had a house lot at or near the brook north of the late George Arlin's, and hence the brook is called " Wood's Brook." WHITTIER. William Whittier was from Haverhill. He forfeited his right, by not paying, to Joseph Gerrish, Esq. WICOMB. Thomas Wicomb forfeited his right to Joseph Porker, of Andover. WINN. Edward Winn is believed to have been from Woburn. BRADLEY. Abraham Bradley was not an original proprietor, bnt came to Penacook as early as 1729. His name first appears on the Proprietors' Records March 31, 1 730, as one of a " committee to amend and repair the necessary roads in Penny Cook, and, also, to build a bridge over the Sow-Cook river as soon as may be, at the cost of the settlers.'' He had but little education, and he usually made his mark for his name. He was, however, a man of sound judgment, and be came one of the most enterprising and useful citizens. * FARRINGTON. Stephen Farrington — not an original proprietor, but an early settler — came to Penacook from Andover; bought of Daniel Rolfe, (1734,) lots laid out to the original right of Thomas Blanchard ; afterward bought lots laid out to Na thaniel Peaslee and Robert Peaslee. He married Apphia, a daughter of Abra ham Bradley, and was an enterprising, nseful citizen. SHUTE. Jacob Shute came to Penacook with Capt. Ebenezer Eastman. [See biograph ical notice.] STICKNEY. Jeremiah Stickney came from Bradford about 1731 — not an original proprietor, but became a valuable citizen. His descendants have held prominent offices in town. [See Family Register.] CHAPTER IV. RUMFORD INCORPORATED. From 1731 till 1733 the settlement at Penacook was in a transition state from a plantation to an incorporated town. The petition of Henry Rolfe, Esq., Dec. 1732, was so far successful that, as we have seen, " the inhabitants " of Penacook were allowed to hold legal meetings, for the choice of officers, and to raise money for necessary town purposes. But they were under the immediate direction of " the Great and General Court," who appointed the moderator of the meetings. This state of things continued till near the close of the year 1733 - 4, when the Act of Incorporation for the township by the name of Rumford, was obtained.* The origin of this name we have been unable to determine. It is supposed to have been given from that of a parish in England, from which some of the proprietors origin ated ; but which of them, we cannot tell. * The proceedings preliminary to the Act of Incorporation were as follows : " Samuel Game, Esq., brought down a petition of Henry Rolfe, Esq., for him self and the other grantees of the plantation of Penny Cook, praying that they might be heard to make it appear to the Court that they have fulfilled the con ditions of their grant, and that thereupon they may be allowed to bring in a bill to erect the plantation into a township, for the reasons mentioned. Passed in council. February 8, 1733, Read and Ordered, That Thomas Cushing and Edward Godard, Esqrs., with such as shall be joined by the honorable house, be a com mittee to consider of this petition, and report, as soon as may be, what may be proper for this court to do thereon. Sent down for concurrence. 142 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. The proceedings of the inhabitants while in transition from a " plantation " to a township, are not otherwise important than as illustrating the order and resolution with which the " inhabit ants carried forward their enterprise. Capt. Ebenezer Eastman was moderator ;* twenty shillings were oflfered " for encourage ment of killing wolves in the township," and six pence for rat tle-snakes, — " provided that the destroyer of such snakes shall bring in a black joint of the tail, or with the tail, to the select men;" also, "a penny for killing of black-birds — the head being brought to the selectmen, or any of them, and burnt." In December, 1733, thirty pounds were voted to be drawn out of the treasury for the use of the inhabitants and freeholders of the plantation ; also, a sum sufficient to pay all just debts, and " sixteen pounds for to pay a school for this present winter and spring following ; and that the selectmen shall find books for the use of the inhabitants and freeholders, on the town's cost, so far as they shall think necessary." In January, (16,) 1733 - 4, fifty pounds were appropriated to Rev. Mr. Walker, " for building of him a dwelling-house in Pen ny Cook, provided he gives a receipt that he has received in full Read and concurred. Capt. Hill, Mr. Hobson and Mr. Hall ore joined in the affair. February 9, 1733. The committees reported thereon that the petitioners hod leave to bring in a bill. " An Act for erecting a new town within the County of Essex, at a plantation called Penny Cook, by the name of Rumford. Whereas, the plantation of Penny Cook, no called, of the contents of seven miles square, and one hundred rods, extending on the south bounds the full breadth of said plantation, which has by this court formerly been [and hereby is] declared to lie in the County of Essex, is competently filled with inhabit ants who have bnilt and finished a convenient meeting-house for the public worship of God, and some time since have settled a learned Orthodox minis ter among them ; and have, to full satisfaction, complied with all the articles and conditions of their grant respecting their settlement, and thereupon have addressed this court to be erected into a separate and distinct township, and hold nnd enjoy equal powers and privileges with the other towns in the province : Be it enacted by His Excellency the Governor, Council and Representatives, in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, That the planta tion of Penny Cook, in the County of Essex, as the same is hereafter bounded • See list of officers, at the close of this chapter. HISTORY OF RUMFORD. 143 for his salary in times past, until this day, for the decay of money — it not being equal to silver at seventeen shillings the ounce." 1734. From this period the affairs of the new town proceeded with regularity and safety, till 1737. The proprietors' books and papers, that had been faithfully kept by John Wainwright, Esq., were delivered into the hands of Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., who was both proprietors' and town clerk. May 19, 1735, Mr. John Chandler, town treasurer, was ordered to make the several col lectors that are in arrears, forthwith to pay in what was due ; and Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., was appointed attorney in behalf of the town, " to sue for and recover in the law, any sum or sums of money which Mr. John Chandler, treasurer, is indebted to the town." In September, money was raised for building a bridge over Suncook river, — "one third part of tho expense of building said bridge to be at the cost of the town." Deacon John Merrill and Mr. James Abbot, or either of them, were empowered to hire a man to keep school four months the next winter and spring ; and Capt. John Chandler, Benj. Rolfe, Esq., Dea. Merrill and Abner Hoit, appointed a committee " to take care that the bridge over Suncook be well done." 17 3 6. Fifty pounds were granted to Rev. Mr. Walker, to enable him to clear a pasture and bring it to English grass : thirty pounds and described, be and hereby is constituted a separate and distinct township, by the name of Rumford ; the bounds of said township being as follows, viz. : Be ginning where Contoocook river falls into Merrimack river, and thence to extend upon a course east seventeen degrees north three miles, and upon a course west seventeen degrees sonth four miles, which is the northerly bounds of said town ship ; aud from the other parts of that line, to be set off southerly at right angles until seven miles and one hundred rods shall be accomplished from the said northern bounds ; and the inhabitants thereof be and hereby are vested and endowed with equal powers, privileges and immunities that the inhabitants of any of the other towns within this province are or ought by law to be vested or endowed with. Passed in Council, February 22dj 1733. Sent down and read a first time. Bill passed, February 27, 1733. 144 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. of the said fifty pounds to be paid in 1736, and twenty pounds in the year 1737. Henry Rolfe, Esq., was authorized " to use proper means to get the County of Essex divided into counties." Edward Abbot was " empowered to repair and fit up the seats in the meeting-house, and make a door to the pulpit, and put up the windows." On the 18th of May the question of sending a Representative to the Great and General Court in Boston, was tried in town-meeting, and decided in the negative. The same question was decided in the negative the next year, and stall again in 1738. 1739. The school was ordered to be kept from the 20th of October to the 20th of April, 1740. Seventh of November, Voted, " That there shall be a good and sufficient garrison built around the Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker's dwelling-house, as soon as may be conveniently, at the town's cost." Benj. Rolfe, Esq., Dea. Merrill, Dea. Ephraim Farnum, Lieut. John Chandler and Ed ward Abbot, to build the said garrison, at the town's cost, " as they shall think best." Five pounds were also granted to Mr. Barachias Farnum, to enable him to build a flanker to defend his mills, — " provided he give security to the town that in case he shall not keep a garrison at his dwelling-house, the town shall have liberty to take said flanker, and convert it to their use." Mr. Farnum's mill was on Turkey river, and his house also in that neighborhood. Mr. James Scales,* afterward minister of Hopkinton, was allowed " liberty to build a pew in the one half of the hinder- most seat at the west end of the meeting-house, that is next the window."» To the Church of Christ in Rumford, tie First Church of Christ in Bozfori tends gristing i Reverend and Beloved .- — We dismiss from our to your holy communion, our beloved and worthy brother, Mr. James Scales, desiring you to receive him as becometh saints, and pray for us. Your brethren in Christ, Johit Rooxms, Pastor, with ye consent of the brethren. Boxford. July 3, 1737. Rumford, July ye 17, 1737. This dismission and recommendation was read to the Church, and thereupon Mr. Scales was received to full communion here. Timotht Walui, Pastor. HISTORY OF RUMFORD. 145 Joseph Eastman and Lieut. John Chandler were appointed " to inform of all breaches of an act for the better preservation and increase of deer within the province, and to take care that the violators thereof be duly prosecuted and punished." At this early period there appears to have been a ferry across the Merrimack from Hale's Point in a " Great Boat," and a road was laid out from the landing-place along the bank of the river "to the old fort," through land of Mr. Nathaniel Abbot and William Barker. 1740. June 11, Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., " was elected and deputed to serve for and represent the town in the Great and General Court " in Boston, and empowered, in behalf of the inhabitants, " to prefer a petition to His Majesty, that they may be quieted in their possessions, and remain under the jurisdiction of the Massa chusetts Bay, or for any thing that may be proper or convenient." In order to understand the ground and reasons for the dis quiet implied in the foregoing, it is needful to refer, briefly, to the controversy at this time going on between Massachusetts and New-Hampshire respecting their boundary lines. The point in controversy between the governments of the two provinces, so far as affected Rumford, was the southern bound ary line of New-Hampshire, or which is the same, the northern boundary line of Massachusetts. The latter by virtue of her charter and grants claimed to " hold and possess" all the lands " on the southerly side of New-Hampshire, beginning at the sea, three English miles north from the Black Rocks, so called, at the mouth of the river Merrimack, as it emptied itself into the sea sixty years ago ; thence running parallel with the river, as far northward as the crotch, or parting of the river ; thence due north, as far as a certain tree, commonly known for more than seventy years past by the name of Endicott's tree, standing three miles northward of said crotch or parting of Merrimack river, and thence due west to the south sea" — which they said they were " able to prove, by ancient and incontestable evidence, were the bounds rightfully belonging to them and within their jurisdiction." The " crotch " above spoken of was the point of confluence of 10 146 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. the Pemigewasset and Winnepissiogee rivers at Franklin, on the southeast side of the home-farm of George W. Nesmith, Esq. ; the " Endicott tree," standing three miles north, — which cannot be identified at this time, — must have been near to Sanbomton Bridge ; a line thence due west to the south sea or Pacific ocean, might have taken in some of the gold mines of California, as well as the rich interval lands of Penacook ! On the other hand, New-Hampshire claimed " that the south ern boundary of her province should begin at the end of three miles north from the middle of the channel of Merrimack river, where it runs into the Atlantic ocean ; and from thence should run on a straight line west, up into the main land, (toward the south sea,) until it meets His Majesty's other governments;" that is, until it should reach New-York. At this time New-Hampshire and Massachusetts, as provinces of His Majesty, were so far united that they were under one Governor, — Jonathan Belcher, — who resided in Massachu setts, and was supposed to be in her interest ; while David Dunbar, Esq., was Lieutenant Governor of New-Hampshire, who, with a majority of the Council and of the House of Repre sentatives, was opposed to Governor Belcher and to the Massa chusetts claim. In order to settle the conflicting claims as to boundary, appeal was finally made to His Majesty, and a royal order obtained, constituting a board of commissioners, to be selected from the counsellors of the neighboring provinces — Nova Scotia, New-York, New-Jersey and Rhode-Island, with power to settle the contested lines. This commission first met at Hampton, Au gust 1, 1737. Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., then and afterward of Rumford, was appointed one of the clerks. Arrangements had likewise been made for a meeting at about the same time, Au gust 10, for the legislative assemblies of the two opposing prov inces : that of Massachusetts at Salisbury, and of New-Hampshire at Hampton-Falls — five miles apart. This was done in order that the claims of each might with greater facilities be repre sented before the commission, and that the Governor, who professed to be equally the father of both, might seem to dis charge his duty in the premises with entire impartiality. This HISTORY OF RUMFORD. 147 great occasion was conducted with pomp and parade. Governor Belcher was escorted from Boston by a troop of horse, and met at Newbury by another troop, who, joined by three more at the supposed divisional line, conducted him to the " George tavern," at Hampton-Falls, where he made a speech to the assembly of New-Hampshire. No doubt this procession, with the Governor riding in state, attended by members of the Great and General Court, was an imposing spectacle ; but such was the temper of the times, that it was made the subject of burlesque in true Hibernian style. "Dear Paddy, you ne'er did behold such a sight, As yesterday morning was seen before night ; You, in all your born days saw, nor I did'nt neither, So many fine horses and men ride together. At the head, the lower house trotted two in a row, Then all the higher house pranced after the low ; Then the Governor's coach gallop'd on like the wind j And the last that came foremost were troopers behind : But I fear it means no good, to your neck or mine, For they say, 'tis to fix a right place for the line ! "* While the assemblies were in session, and the commissioners were devising to settle the disputed claims, Gov. Belcher, with a select company, made an excursion of three days to the falls of Amoskeag — an account of which was published in the papers, and concluded in the following manner : " His Excellency was much pleased with the fine soil of Chester, the' extraordinary im provements at Derry, and the mighty falls at Skeag." Among the questions which puzzled the commissioners, and which it required, all their wits to settle, were, " Whether Merri mack river, at that time, emptied itself into the sea at the same place where it did sixty years before ? Whether it bore the same name from the sea up to the crotch ? and whether it were possi ble to draw a parallel line three miles northward of every part of a river ; the course of which was in some places from north to south ? The first and second questions might be settled histori cally, or by competent living witnesses, but the last must have required wiser heads than Solomon's to decide ! * See Belknap's Hist. N. H., 1737. Note. 148 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. The commissioners at this session evaded the main point on which the controversy turned, which was, " Whether the charter of William and Mary granted to Massachusetts all the lands which were granted by the charter of Charles the First ?" If the former, then the claim of Massachusetts must be granted ; if not, then it must fail. Making, therefore, an evasive decision, the commission adjourned, and left the parties to pursue their contentions as best they could, by means of agents, before His Majesty's Council in England. The New-Hampshire interest was represented by John Tomlinson, Esq., who employed a Mr. Parris as solicitor — a man of shrewdness, penetration and art ful address : Massachusetts employed as her agent Mr. Edmund Quincy, who died in 1738, and afterward the affair was in the hands of Wilks and Partridge — neither of whom understood so much of the controversy as Tomlinson, nor had the address of Parris. The latter drew up " a petition of appeal " to His Ma jesty's Council, in which all the circumstances attending the transaction from the beginning were recited and colored in such a manner as to asperse the Governor and assembly of the " vast, opulent, overgrown province of Massachusetts ;" while " the poor, little, loyal, distressed province of New-Hampshire," was represented as ready to be devoured, and the king's own prop erty and possessions swallowed up by the boundless rapacity of the charter government.* To those who would look further into the merits of the ques tion, I must refer to original documents, or to the condensed view in Belknap's History. It suffices my purpose to say, that after the agents of the respective governments had exhausted all their ingenuity and address to accomplish their objects, the whole subject was decided by His Majesty, in Council, on the 5th of March, 1740, on principles of equity and common sense ; at least, so far as respects the course of the Merrimack river — which, at the date of the original charter of Massachusetts, was unknown, viz. : It was determined, " That the northern bound ary of the province of Massachusetts be a similar curve line, pursuing the course of Merrimack river at three miles distance, on the north side thereof, beginning at the Atlantic ocean, and •See Belknap's Hist, Ch. 17, year 1737. HISTORY OF RUMFORD. 149 ending at a point due north of Pawtucket Falls ; and a straight line drawn from thence due west, till it meets with His Majesty's other governments." The northern boundary line of New- Hampshire was fixed as it remains essentially to this day. By this decision of His Majesty all the towns that had been laid out by Massachusetts west of the Merrimack river, above Pawtucket Falls, and those bordering the river, and embraced within the " three miles north of the river," which Massachusetts claimed, fell within New-Hampshire. In pursuance of this decision, the next thing was to run the line. Gov. Belcher received orders, 1741, to apply to the gov ernments of both provinces, to join in appointing surveyors to run out and mark the lines ; and that if either should refuse, the other should proceed ex parte. Massachusetts failed to com ply. New-Hampshire appointed three surveyors, one of whom was Richard Hazzen — surveyor of the interval lots at Penacook — who surveyed and marked the west line from Pawtucket Falls across Connecticut river to the supposed boundary line of New- Hampshire.* This decision respecting the boundary awakened deep concern in the inhabitants of Rumford. Strongly attached to the Massa chusetts government, they were anxious, if possible, to retain their connection. On the 11th of June, 1740, in obedience to a pre cept from the General Court of Massachusetts, they elected their 'first representative, Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., and instructed him to prefer a petition to His Majesty, that the inhabitants " may be quieted in their possessions, and remain under the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Bay ; also, to petition the Gen eral Court to use their influence with His Majesty in that behalf." At a meeting, also, September 26th, " the town being informed that by the determination of His Majesty in Council, respecting the controverted bounds between the province of Massachusetts Bay and New-Hampshire, they were excluded from the former province, to which they always supposed themselves to belong — ' Voted, unanimously, to prefer a petition to the king's most ex cellent Majesty, setting forth their distressed estate, and praying to be annexed to the said Massachusetts province.' " * Belknap, 1741. 150 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. At the same meeting, Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., agent of Massachusetts, " was empowered to present the said petition to His Majesty, and to appear and act fully in behalf of the town, with respect to it ;" and in case he declined, Benjamin Rolfe was authorized to act in the matter, " according to his best dis cretion." All, however, was to no purpose. In accordance with the decision of His Majesty, New-Hampshire extended her jurisdic tion over all the inhabitants within her bounds, and on the 18th of March passed what was called the District Act, including a part of Salisbury and Almsbury ; a part of Methuen and Dra- cut, Litchfield, Nottingham- West, [Hudson,] part of Dunstable, and Rumford.* By this act the inhabitants of these several districts were subjected to taxation without representation.^ * See Document for Chap. IV., No. 1. f Voted, That Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., be hereby desired and empowered, in the name and behalf of said inhabitants, to prefer a petition to Bis Excellency our Governor, or to the Gen eral Assembly of this province, that they may be empowered to make choice of some suita ble person to serve for and represent them in every session of the General Assembly from time to time, within this province. — Bee., 1744. CHAPTER V. RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT FROM 1742 TO 1750. We have now reached a period of tragical interest in our history. From 1742 to 1754 scenes of anxiety, alarm and terror were of frequent occurrence. The Indians, whose hos tilities are related in this chapter, were not, so far as known, of the Penacook tribe ; for as long as any of the Penacooks remained in this section of country, they were friendly to the inhabitants, and especially so to the minister, Rev. Mr. Walker. But the Indians who committed depredations and massacres in Rumford and vicinity, were mostly from Canada — instigated by the French, who then had possession, and who, from 1744 till 1762, were most of the time at war with England and her colonies. Entirely unmolested by Indians, great progress had been made by the inhabitants in their settlement, in clearing and cultivating their lands, improving the roads, and in the structure of their houses. But in 1739 apprehensions of danger were entertained, and the town, by vote, ordered " that a garrison should be built round the house of Rev. Mr. Walker, and that five pounds should be granted to Barachias Farnum, to enable him to build & flanker, in order to defend his mills on Turkey river." About the year 1742, according to tradition, the wife of Mr. Jonathan Eastman — who resided on the Hopkinton road, opposite the house of Mr. Aaron Shute — was taken by a party of Indians and carried to Canada. She was, however, soon redeemed by her husband, and restored to her family. 152 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. The opening of the French war, in 1744, greatly increased the alarm and anxiety which pervaded the colonies ; and, par ticularly, the frontier towns which were most exposed. As one means of removing or allaying these fears, the expedition against Louisburg, on Cape Breton — which was the strong-hold of the French — was projected, and triumphantly executed by the daring enterprise of the New-England colonies. In this expe dition Capt. Ebenezer Eastman was commander of a company raised in these parts, and was engaged in the assault made on that strong-hold the following year.* Before he set out, he signed a petition, with sixty-two others, to the General Assembly of New-Hampshire, for assistance against the French and Indians. This petition was drawn up by Rev. Mr. Walker, of which the annexed facsimile will be examined with interest. In the company which Capt. Eastman commanded were Na thaniel Abbot, Isaac Abbot, Obadiah Peters, one Chandler, and probably others whose names are not known. The late aged Joseph Abbot said he " always understood that his uncle Isaac was killed at Cape Breton, and that one Mr. Chandler from this town also died there." Capt. Eastman went to Cape Breton twice. He first set out from Rumford, March 1, 1744-5, and returned November 10th, the same year. The next year he went again, and returned home July 9, 1746-t The reduction of the fortress at Louisburg only changed the scene of war. The Indians, the more instigated by the French, poured forth from Canada upon the frontier towns, and, with horrible barbarity, carried on the work of destruction. The inhabitants of Rumford felt the general shock, and sought for means of defence and safety. At each parish meeting, from 1744 to 1747, they chose some person to represent to the gov ernment, either of New-Hampshire or Massachusetts, or both, " the deplorable circumstances they were in, on account of their being exposed to imminent danger, both from the French and Indian enemy."$ The language which they instruct their agents * Rumford, June 22, 1744. Received of Capt. John Chandler, five pounds of powder, which I promise to pay — the said powder— or the value in money, to the said Capt. Chandler, on his demand — as witness my band. Ebenezer Eastman. f Minutes from Rev. Mr. Walker's Notes. 1 See copy of said petitions — Documents for Chap. V., Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4. HJDIAN HOSTILITIES. 153 to use is — " We request of them such aid, both with respect to men and military stores, as to their great wisdom may seem meet, and which may be sufficient to enable us, with the Divine blessing, vigorously to repel all attempts of our said enemies." In answer to these petitions, early in 1745 two small com panies of scouts were raised, by authority of Gov. Wentworth, under the direction of Col. Benjamin Rolfe, of which Capt. John Chandler, of Rumford, had command of one, consisting of ten men, and Capt. Jeremiah Clough, of Canterbury, of the other, consisting of five men.* The Massachusetts government also sent a small detachment of men from Andover, and another from Billerica, who were stationed here in 1745. In 1746 precau tionary measures were taken by the proprietors for the preserva tion of their records.f Under authority of Gov. Wentworth, garrisons ¦ were established at different points in the town, and men, with their families, assigned to them, as was most con venient. The- garrisons, or forts, were built of hewed logs, which lay flat upon each other — the ends, being fitted for the purpose, were inserted in grooves cut in large posts erected at each corner .| They enclosed an area of several square rods ; were raised to the height of the roof of a common dwelling-house, and at two or more of the corners were placed boxes where sentinels kept watch. In some cases several small buildings — *See Documents for Chap. V., No. 5. f At a meeting of the proprietors, the 19th of March, 1746 — Voted, "That Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., clerk for said proprietors, be' directed and ordered to carry the proprietors' books of record to the town of Newbury, or any other town where he shall judge they may be kept safest." " Voted, That Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., be desired and ordered to purchase suitable books, at the proprietors' cost, and copy all the Proprietors' Records therein, for £100, old tenor, to he paid him by the proprietors." 1747. February 9, 1746. Voted, That Dr. Ezra Carter be clerk for this meeting — Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., the clerk for said Rumford, being out of the province. Voted, That two men be chosen to represent the difficult circumstances of the inhabitants of said Rumford to the Great and General Court, at Portsmouth, respecting the danger we are exposed to, both from the French and Indian enemy, and to request of them such aid or protection as they in their great wisdom shall think meet. Voted, That Capt. Ebenezer Eastman and Mr. Henry Lovejoy be chosen to make the afore said representation. X A part of one of the main posts of the garrison round the house of Rev. Mr. Walker is still preserved, and may be seen in the room of the N. H. Historical Society. It was pre sented to the society by Joseph B. Walker, Esq. 154 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. erected for the temporary accommodation of families — were within the enclosure. Houses not connected with garrisons were all deserted by their owners, and the furniture removed. In the day-time men went forth to their labor in companies, always car rying their guns with them, and one or more of the number placed on guard. If the enemy was discovered approaching, alarm guns were fired, and the report answered from fort to fort. On the Sabbath the men all went armed to the house of worship ; stacked their guns around a post near the middle, and sat down, with powder-horn and bullet-pouch slung across their shoulders, while their revered pastor — who is said to have had the best gun in the parish — prayed and preached with his good gun standing in the pulpit. The following official document was found among old papers in the hands of Jonathan Eastman, Esq., and presents an exact view of the state of the settlement in the summer of 1746. GARRISONS IN 1746. Province op ) New Hamp? f We, the subscribers, being appointed a Committee of Militia for settling the Garrisons in the frontier Towns and Plantations in the sixth Regiment of Militia in this Province, by his Excellency, Benning Wentworth, Esq., Governor, &c., having viewed the situation and enquired into the circumstances of the District of Rumford, do hereby appoint and state the following Garrisons, viz. : The Garrison round the house of the Reverend Timothy Walk.ee to be one of the Garrisons in sd Rumford, and that the following in habitants, with their familys, viz. : Capt. John Chandler, Nathaniel Rolfe, Abraham Bradley, Joseph Pudney, Samuel Bradley, Isaac Walker, jun., John Webster, Obadiah Foster, be, and hereby are, ordered and stated at that Garrison. Also, the Garrison round the House of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, [on the east side of the river,] to be one Garrison, and that the fol lowing inhabitants, with their familys, viz. : Ebenezer Virgin, Jeremiah Dresser, Ebenr. Eastman, jun. Phillip Kimball, Phillip Eastman, Nathan Stevens, Jeremiah Eastman, Judah Trumble, Timothy Bradley, Joseph Eastman, jr., ESTABLISHMENT OF GARRISONS. 155 Nathaniel Smith, William Curey, Daniel Annis, be, and hereby are, ordered and stated at said Garrison. Also, that the Garrison round the house of Mr. Henry Lovejoy, [in the West Parish Village, where Levi Hutchins now lives,] be one Garrison, and that the following inhabitants, with their fam ilys, viz. : Henry Lovejoy, Ephraim Farnum, James Abbot, Zebediah Farnum, James Abbot, jun., Joseph Farnum, Reuben Abbot, Abiel Chandler, Amos Abbot, James Peters, be, and hereby are, stated at said Garrison. Also, the Garrison round the house of Mr. Jonathan Eastman, [on the Mill Road, opposite the house of Mr. Aaron Shute,] be one - Garrison, and that the following inhabitants, with their fam ilys, viz. : Jonathan Eastman, Abner Hoit, Amos Eastman, Jacob Hoit, Jeremiah Bradley, Timothy Burbanks, Seaborn Peters, Isaac Citizen, be, and hereby are, ordered and stated at said Garrison. Also, that the Garrison round the house of Lieut. Jeremiah Stickney, [where Joseph P. Stickney now lives,] be one Garrison, and that the following inhabitants, with their familys, viz. : Jeremiah Stickney, Joseph Carter, Nathaniel Abbot, Edward Abbot, Ephraim Carter, Aaron Stevens, Ezra Carter, George Hull, Joseph Eastman, Edward West, Samuel Eastman, Sampson Colby, Joseph Eastman, 3d, James Osgood, William Stickney, Timothy Clemens, Thomas Stickney, Jacob Pillsberry, Nathaniel Abbot, jun., Stephen Hoit, be, and hereby are, ordered and stated at that Garrison. Also, that the Garrison round Joseph Hall's house, [where the late Dea. Jonathan Wilkins lived,] be one Garrison, and that the following inhabitants, with their familys, viz. : Col. Benjamin Rolfe, Joseph Pudney, Joseph Hall, William Pudney, Ebenezer Hall, Henry Pudney, David Foster, John Merrill, Isaac Waldron, Thomas Merrill, Patrick Garvin, John Merrill, jun., 156 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. Moses Merrill, Jacob Potter, Lot Colby, be, and hereby are, ordered and stated at that Garrison. Also, that the Garrison round Timothy Walker, jun.'s, house, [near where Mr. George Hutchins now lives,] be one Garrison, and that the following persons, with their familys, viz. : Timothy Walker, jun.,* Richard Hazelton, David Evans, George Abbot, Samuel Pudney, Nathaniel Rix, John Pudney, jun., Benjamin Abbot, Matthew Stanly, Stephen Farrington, Isaac Walker, Nathaniel West, Abraham Colby, William Walker, Jacob Shute, Aaron Kimball, Daniel Chase, Samuel Gray, Daniel Chase, jun., James Rodgers, Abraham Kimball, Samuel Rodgers, be, and hereby are, stated at that Garrison. And, inasmuch as the inhabitants who reside in the Garrison round the house of Mr. George Abbot ;f the Garrison round the house of Mr. Edward Abbot,f and the Garrison round the house of Mr. James Osgood, f have, as yet, made no provision for house-room and conveniences in the respective Garrisons where they are placed, for themselves and familys, and the season of the year so much de manding their labor for their necessary support that renders it diffi cult to move immediately — Therefore, that they, for the present, and until January next, or until further order, have leave, and be continued in the several Garrisons in which they now are, and so long as there stated to attend the necessary duty of watching, ward ing, &c, equally, as if the same had been determined standing Garrisons- Joseph Blanchard,") Benjamin Rolfe, [¦ Com", &c. Zacheus Lovewell, ) Rumford, May 15th, 1746. Such was the state of the settlement in the summer of 1746. Indians were now in the vicinity and an attack was daily feared. At the earnest solicitation of the inhabitants, a company of soldiers, under command of Capt. Daniel Ladd J and Lieut. *Not the late Judge Walker. t George Abbot lived in the ancient house, now on Fayette street, west of Mr. Samuel Farrington's. Edward Abbot lived where Or. Tbomas Chadbourne's house now stands— a part of the old house still remains. James Osgood lived where Hosea Fessenden's house was recently burnt down. X See muster-roll of Capt. Ladd'6 company — Document for Chap. V., No. 6. Also, see the part of Clough'6 journal which follows. THE MASSACRE. 157 Jonathan Bradley, had been sent by the Governor, from Exeter, for the defense of Rumford and the adjacent towns. This company had been ranging in the woods and scouting in the vicinity about three weeks previous, and a part of them were in Rumford on the Sabbath, August 10th. On that day it ap pears that the Indians had meditated an attack upon the inhab itants while engaged in worship, and the night previous had secreted themselves in the bushes adjacent to the meeting-house, to await the favorable moment. One party of them was con cealed in a thicket of alders back of the house where Dr. Samuel Morril now lives ; another was hid in the bushes, north west, between the meeting-house and where Ebenezer S. Towle, Esq., now lives. Some few of the Indians, it is said, were seen in the time of worship by a little girl — Abigail Carter, sister of the first Dr. Ezra Carter — but she did not make known the discovery until the meeting closed, when the people marched out in a body with their guns. The presence of Capt. Ladd's com pany, it is believed, prevented the Indians from making the designed attack. Thus thwarted in their bloody purpose, they retired and lay in ambush till next morning, in a deep thicket, about a mile and a half south-west of the main village, in the valley— - a few rods beyond where the Bradley Monument now stands. THE MASSACRE, AUGUST 11, 1746-. For the particulars of the tragic scene which now follows, we are indebted to the journal of Abner Clough, clerk of Capt. Ladd's company, which is published in full in the fourth volume of the Collections of the New-Hampshire Historical Society, and to the story related by the aged Reuben Abbot, five years before his death, which was taken down in writing by Hon. Samuel A. Bradley and Richard Bradley, Esq., grandsons of Samuel Brad- 158 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. ley, who was one of the killed. The manuscript is now in the hands of Rictiard Bradley. It was taken August 29, 1817, when Mr. Abbot was in the ninety-fifth year of his age. FROM ABNER CLOUGH'S JOURNAL. " Capt. Ladd came up to Rumford town, and tliat was on the tenth day [of August,] and, on the eleventh day, Lieut. Jona than Bradley took six of Capt. Ladd's men, and was in company with one Obadiah Peters, that belonged to Capt. Melvin's com pany of the Massachusetts, and was going about two miles and a half from Rnmford town to a garrison ; and when they had gone about a mile and a half, they were shot upon by thirty or forty Indians, if not more, as it was supposed, and killed down dead Lieut. Jonathan Bradley and Samuel Bradley, John Luf kin and John Bean [and] this Obadiah Peters. These five men were killed down dead on the spot, and the most of them were stripped. Two were stripped stark naked, and were very much cut, and stabbed, and disfigured ; and Sergeant Alexander Rob erts and William Stickney were taken captive. * * * * It was supposed there was an Indian killed where they had the fight ; for this Daniel Gilman, who made his escape, saith that he was about sixty rods before these men* when they were shot upon, and, he says, the Indians shot three guns first. He says he thought our men shot at a deer ; he says that he run back about forty rods upon a hill, so that he could see over upon the other hill, where the Indians lie, and shot upon the men ; and, he says, as ever he came upon the hill so as to see over upon the other hill, he heard Lieut. Jonathan Bradley speak and say, ' Lord, have mercy on me: — Fight P In a moment his gun went off, and three more guns of our men's were shot, and then the Indians rose up and shot a volley, and run out into the path, and making all sort of howling and yelling, and he did not stay long to see it, he saith. It was supposed that John Luf kin was upon the front, and Obadiah Peters on the rear : and they shot down this Luf kin and Peters the first shot, as they were in the path, about twelve or fourteen rods apart ; and they shot Samuel Bradley, * Tradition says that Gilman went on ahead to shoot a hawk, and the Indians, seeing him alone, let him pass. THE MASSACRE. 159 as he was about twelve feet before where this Obadiah Peters lay, and wounded [him] so that the blood started every step he took. He went about five rods right in the path, and they shot him right through his powder horn, as it hung by his side, and so through his body — and there lay these three men, lying in the path — and Lieut. Bradley run out of the path, about two rods, right in amongst the Indians. He was shot through his wrist. It was supposed he killed the Indian ; it was supposed that he fought, (as he stood there in the spot where he was killed,) till the Indians cut his head almost all to pieces ; and John Bean run about six rods out of the path, on the other side of the way, and then was shot right through his body ; — so that there were none of these men that went one or two steps after they were shot, excepting this Samuel Bradley that was shot as above said. And there seemed to be as much blood where the Indian was shot as there was where any one of the men were killed. It was supposed the men laid there about two hours after they were killed, before any body came there. We did not go till there came a post down from the fort,* three quarters of a mile beyond where the men he and were killed. The reason we did not go sooner, was because we did not hear the guns. I suppose the reason that we did not hear the guns, was because the wind wa'nt fair to hear. We went up to the men, and ranged the woods awhile, after these captives, and then brought the dead down to town in a cart, and buried the dead men this day. These men, when they went away in the morning, said they in tended to be at home about twelve o'clock, in order to go to Canterbury in the afternoon, or, at least, to get fit to go. It was supposed that these men, some of them, rid double on horses when they were killed. On the twelfth day, early in the morn ing, went up and took the blood of the Indian, and followed along by the drag and blood of the Indian about a mile, very plain, till we came within about fifteen rods of a small river, and then we could see no more sign of the Indian ; but we tracked the Indians along down the river, about twenty or thirty rods, and there were falls where they went over. * * * It was supposed there could not be less than fifty or sixty Indians." •Jonathan Eastman's fort, on the rocky knoll opposite Mr. Aaron Shute's. 160 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. NARRATIVE BY MR. REUBEN ABBOT, Who drove the cart that contained the dead bodies, from the place of massacre to James Osgood's garrison. " I, with Abiel Chandler, was at work in the Fan, near Sugar Ball, making hay, on Monday morning, August 11, 1746, then in my twenty-fourth year. We heard three guns fired at Parson Walker's fort, which were the appointed signal of alarm at the approach or apprehension of the Indians. On hearing the alarm guns we ran up to the garrison, and found the soldiers who were stationed there, and such men as could be spared, had gone to where the men were killed. We followed on, and took the foot-path [by Capt. Emery's, near the prison,] and arrived at the spot where the bodies lay as soon as those did who went round on the main road. When we arrived near the brook that runs through the farm formerly owned by Mitchell, on the east side of the brook we found Samuel Bradley, stripped naked, scalped, and lying on his face in the road, within half a rod of the bridge over that brook. He was shot through the body, and supposed through his lungs ; the ball struck and spoiled his powder horn, which the Indians left. He was not otherwise wounded by the Indians than shot and scalped. Jonathan Brad ley lay about ten feet out of the road, on the south side, and about two rods east of the brook. He was lieutenant in Capt. Ladd's company, from Exeter, and a number of years older than Samuel. He was not wounded by the Indians in their fire, and immediately after the Iudians had first fired he ordered his men to fight them. As but few of the Indians fired the first time, Jon athan supposed that he and his six men could manage them, and they fired at the few who had risen up from their ambush. Im mediately the whole body of the Indians, about one hundred in number, rose up and fired. Jonathan, seeing their number and receiving their fire, ordered his men to run and take care of them selves. By this time, Obadiah Peters, John Bean, John Lufkm and Samuel Bradley, were killed. The Indians then rushed upon Jonathan Bradley, William Stickney and Alexander Roberts — took Stickney and Roberts prisoners, and offered Jonathan Brad ley good quarter. But he refused to receive quarter, and fought THE MASSACRE. 161 with his gun against that cloud of Indians, until they struck him on the face repeatedly with their tomahawks, cut a number of gashes in his face, one large gash running obliquely across his forehead and nose down between his eyes ; another on the side of his head, and one on the back part of his head, which entered his skull and brought him to the ground. The Indians then des patched him, took off his scalp, and stripped him nearly naked. Obadiah Peters we found shot through the head. Bean and Luf kin were shot, and ran from the brook toward the main road about six rods, and fell within a rod of each other, on the north side of the road as now travelled. Four of tho Indians were killed and two wounded, who were carried away on biers.* The soldiers from the garrisons were too late to avenge the lives of these brave men. Before their approach the Indians fled like cowards, leaving many of their packs and various things, which the soldiers took." Mr. Abbot further related that the bodies of the dead — mangled, bloody, and some of them naked — were laid side by side in a cart which had been sent up with a yoke of oxen to convey them down to the main street. As all others refused, Mr. Abbot himself drove the team down to Mr. James Osgood's garrison. There a great multitude of men, women and children collected to see the dreadful sight ; they wept aloud. Mothers lifted up their young children to see the dead bodies in the cart. The late Mr. Joseph Abbot, who died January 20, 1832, aged 90, then about four years of age, said his " mother lifted him up and he see the bodies dreadfully mangled." Next day they were all buried in two graves, near what was then the northwest corner of the old burying-ground. The Bradleys were buried in one grave, and Luf kin, Peters and Bean in another : the spot * Some of these particulars were obtained from Roberts, who returned after about a year's captivity among the Indians. Noti. November 30, 1747, it was put to vote whether or no they would raise any sum or Bums of money for the hiring or maintaining of a school for the present year in Rumford, and it passed in the negative. 1748. February 5, 1747. Voted, To choose a man to make application to the General Assembly for a suitable number of men to guard the inhabitants of Rumford the year ensuing. Voted, That Lt. John Webster make application to the General Assembly for a suitable number of men to guard the inhabitants of Rumford the ensuiug year. 11 162 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. cannot now be exactly identified, but it was very near the place now enclosed and occupied as the burial-plat of the Bradley and Ayer family. NOTICES OF THE PERSONS WHO WERE MASSACRED, AND OF THE CAPTIVES. Lieut. Jonathan Bradley was a son of Abraham Bradley, who came from Haverhill, Massachusetts, to Penacook, in 1780. He married Susanna Folsom, of Exeter, who at first settled on the farm with his father, but afterward disposed of his property in Penacook and moved to Exeter, a year or two before the time of the massacre.* He was Lieutenant in Capt. Daniel Ladd's company, and only two weeks before, as appears from Clough's Journal, had been " very sick," and was not yet entirely recov ered. He was a brave man, about thirty years of age, and when he met the Indians would neither flee nor fall alive into their hands. The ancestors and relatives of Mr. Bradley, in Haverhill, had had a bitter experience of Indian cruelty. Dan iel Bradley was killed there, August 13, 1689. Isaac Bradley, at the age of fifteen, was captured in the fall of 1695.f Daniel Bradley, (son of Daniel,) and Hannah his wife, and two of their children, Mary and Hannah, were killed, March 15, 1697, when Mrs. Dustin was made prisoner ; and Joseph, Martha and Sarah Bradley, children of Joseph Bradley, were slain at the same time. The house of Joseph Bradley, grandfather of Lieutenant Jonathan, was burnt by the Indians, February 8, 1704, and his wife taken prisoner a second time, and her infant child, born in cap tivity, was sacrificed by her barbarous captors. The story of this Mrs. Bradley's captivity and sufferings, (grandmother of Jonathan and Samuel,) is so intensely interesting as to justify a place in this narrative. It is abridged from Mirick's History of Haverhill. " On the 8th of February, 1704, about three or four o'clock in the afternoon, a party of six Indians attacked the garrison of Joseph Bradley, which, unhappily, was in an unguarded state — even the sentries had left their stations, and the gates were open. The Indians approached cautiously, and were rushing into the * See account of his family in the Bradley Genealogical Record. | See narrative in Mirick's Hist, of Haverhill, pp. 78 — 84. THE BRADLEYS. 163 open gates before they were discovered. Jonathan Johnson, a sentinel, who was standing in the house, shot at and wounded the foremost ; and Mrs. Bradley, who had a kettle of boiling soap over the fire, seized her ladle, and filling it with the streaming liquid, discharged it on his tawny pate — a soap-ori&o that almost instantly brought 'on a sleep, from which he has never since awoke. The rest of the party immediately rushed forward, killed Johnson, made prisoner of the intrepid woman and some others. •****•**. " Mrs. Bradley was in delicate circumstances and in slender health. * * The weather was cold, the wind blew keenly over the hills, and the ground was covered with a deep snow ; yet they obliged her to travel on foot and carry a heavy burden, too large even for a man. In this manner they proceeded through the wilderness, toward Canada ; and Mrs. Bradley informed her family, after she returned, that for many days in succession she subsisted on nothing but bits of skin, ground-nuts, the bark of trees, wild onions and lily roots. " While in this situation — in the midst of a thick forest — she gave birth to a child. The Indians then extended their cruelties to the babe. For the want of proper attention it was sickly ; and when it cried these remorseless fiends showed their pity by throwing embers into its mouth. They told the mother that if she would permit them to baptize it in their manner, they would suffer it to live. * * They took it from her, and baptized it by gashing its forehead with their knives. Not long after, while she was absent for a short time from the child, they seized it and piked it upon a pole, where the mother saw it dead. " When they arrived in Canada Mrs. Bradley was sold to a French master for eighty livres. She was treated kindly. It was her custom, morning and evening, when she milked her master's cow, to take with her a crust of bread, soak it with milk and eat it. With this and with the rations allowed her by her master, she eked out a comfortable subsistence." In March, 1705, her husband, hearing she was in Canada, started on foot with a small sled, accompanied only by a dog, and succeeded in redeeming her. Knowing, as Lieut. Bradley doubtless did, the story of these 164 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. sufferings which his immediate ancestors experienced, it is no wonder that " he refused to receive quarter " from the Indians, and that he chose death rather than captivity. SAMUEL BRADLEY. Samuel Bradley, brother of Jonathan, resided at Rumford with his father Abraham, after Jonathan removed to Exeter. He married Mary Folsom, sister of his brother Jonathan's wife, by whom he had two children, viz., John,, born February 13, 1743, and Mehetabel, born January 16, 1745. In Rev. Mr. Walker's notes is the following : " February 19, 1744, baptized John, son of Samuel Bradley, and Anne, daughter of Jona. Bradley. Dec. 22, 1745, baptized Mehetabel, daughter of Sam. Bradley." Mr. Bradley was a young man of great enterprise and promise. The anguish of his wife on hearing of his massa cre, and seeing his mangled body, was intense and overwhelm ing. His httle son John, then less than four years old, was shown the bloody bodies of the slain, as they lay together at Osgood's garrison, and retained through life a lively impression of the scene. Indeed the impression was so strong, that a terror of the Indians haunted him for many years afterward, and his grandfather's faithful servant, Pompey, used to accompany him, as a sort of life-guard, and to carry him, when quite a large boy, on his back. Mrs. Bradley afterward married Robert Calfe, Esq., of Chester, and died at Concord, in the family of her grandson, Richard Bradley, Esq., August 10, 1817, aged ninety- eight. She was a woman of remarkable powers. In the latter years of her life she used to speak with great affection of the husband of her youth, and of his tragical end ;* to relate many httle incidents of his fife, and to repeat expressions which she said he used in the last prayer he offered in his family ; also, the last chapter which he read in the Scriptures. OBADIAH PETERS Was of Rumford, son of Seaborn Peters, one of the first settlers. " He had been out in the Louisburg expedition, and was at the •See further notice of Samuel Bradley's family in the Genealogical Record of the Bradley family THE MASSACRE. 165 capture of Cape Breton the year before his death" — one of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman's company. About the time he was killed ho appears to have been a soldier in the Rumford com pany of mihtia, commanded by Capt. Nathaniel Abbott, as he is named in his muster roll, and his death there recorded. Peters' father and family lived near Eastman's fort, to which the party was going at the time they were attacked and massacred by the Indians. John Bean was from Brentwood, and John Lufkin from Kingston. William Stickney, who was taken captive, was son of Capt. Jeremiah Stickney, of Rumford, and a brother of the late Col. Thomas Stickney. " After about one year's captivity in Can ada, he found means to escape with a friendly Indian, and proceeded on his way home to within about one day's journey of the white settlements, when they fell short of- provisions. The Indian directed Stickney to light a fire and encamp, while he would go in quest of game. After Stickney had prepared his camp, he also went out to hunt, and in attempting to cross a river on a log, fell in and was drowned." This was the story the Indian told when he came to Rumford ; but from the circum stance of his being dressed in Stickney's clothes, many were led to doubt the truth of it. Alexander Roberts, who was one of Capt. Ladd's company, made his escape from captivity, after being carried to Canada. On his return to Rumford, next year, Roberts stated that four Indians were killed and several wounded — two mortally, who were conveyed away on Utters, and soon after died. Two they buried in the Great Swamp, under large hemlock logs, and two others in the mud, some distance up the river, where their bones were afterwards found. Roberts claimed a bounty from govern ment, for having, as he said, killed one of the Indians at the time of the attack, whose bones he afterwards found. On the 19th of November, 1747, the General Assembly of New-Hampshire passed the following resolution, which was approved by the Gov ernor : " Whereas Alexander Roberts and others have been carefully examined upon oath, of and concerning a human skull-bone, 166 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. which said Roberts and company found at or near the place where said Roberts supposes he killed an Indian man, and where he saw said Indian buried ; and inasmuch as it appears to the House, upon the evidence produced, that the said skull is really the skull of the aforesaid Indian : Therefore, " Voted, That there be paid out of the money in the public treasury, unto the said Alexander Roberts and company, the sum of seventy-five pounds, in the following proportions, viz. : To the said Alexander Roberts, fifteen pounds ; to Daniel Gilman, seven pounds ten shillings ; to the widows of Jonathan and Samuel Bradley, each eleven pounds five shillings ; and to the heirs or legal representatives of Obadiah Peters, John Lufkin, John Bean and William Stickney, each seven pounds ten shillings." The Assembly also, April 3, 1747, Voted, " That there be allowed to John Osgood twelve shillings sixpence for expense for coffins, &c, for the men'killed at Rumford last year."* The initials of the names of the persons who were massacred, soon after were marked on a large tree which stood near the fatal spot, and which remained as the only monument of the event for many years, when the tree was cut down. But it was fit that an event of so much tragic interest should be commemo rated by a monument, that should stand for succeeding genera tions to behold. The monument — which the annexed engraving well repre sents — bears the inscription beneath it. * To the House of Representatives : Gehti.: — I desire that your honors do allow to AbnerClough what expense and charge be was at on the account of burying them five men that were killed last year at Rumford, namely, Lieut. Jonathan Bradley, Samuel Bradley, and John Luff kin, John Bean and Oba diah Peaters. To bords for making of 5 coffins, and making of 5 coffins, . . • £1 10 0 To expense for drink for the peopel, 1 00 0 In old tenor, £2 10 0 Jakh Oioood. Warrant to pay Clough, July 7th, 1747. THE MONUMENT. 167 This Monument is in memoiy of Samuel Bradley, Jonathan Bradley, Obadiah Peters, John Bean and John Lufkin, Who were massacred Aug. 11, 1746, by the Indians. Erected, 1837, by Richard Bradley, son of the Hon. John Bradley, and grandson of Samuel Bradley. 168 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. The following notice of the erection of this Monument, and the event it commemorates, appeared in the New-Hampshire States man and State Journal, August 26, 1837. THE MONUMENT. On Tuesday last, the 22d instant, corresponding with the 11th of August, 0. S., the ceremony of raising the Monument in com memoration of the massacre of the Bradleys and others, on that day, 1746, was attended near the scene of the event, in this town, by a large concourse of people. The procession was formed under the direction of Col. Stephen Brown, Chief Marshal, at the residence of Mr. B. H. Weeks, in the following order. Teachers and Scholars of the several Public and Private Schools. Chief Marshal. Music. Committee of Arrangements. Orator. New-Hampshire Historical Society. Descendants of the persons killed in 1746. His Excellency the Governor. Officers of the State Government. Past Officers. Citizens generally. The procession moved to the ground on which the Monument was to be erected, when it was raised into its place ; after which the pro cession moved in the order above to the grove of oaks on the south side of the road, when the following order of exercises was observed : 1. Hymn, by the Rev. John Pierpont, of Boston, and sung under the direction of Mr. Wm. D. Buck. Not now, O God, beneath the trees That shade this vale at night's cold noon, Do Indian war-song6 load the breeze, Or wolves sit howling to the moon. The foes, the fears onr fathers felt, Have, with onr fathers, passed away ; And where in death's dark shade they knelt, We come to praise thee and to pray. We praise thee that thou plantedst them, And mad'st thy heavens drop down their dew — We pray, that, shooting from their stem, We long may flourish where they grew. And, Father, leave us not alone : Thou hast been, and art still our trust : Be thou our fortress, till our own Shall mingle with our fathers' dust. 2. Prayer, by Rev. N. Bouton. 3. Address, by Mr. Asa McFarland. THE MONUMENT. 169 [This highly appropriate and well written address was published in the New-Hampshire Statesman, the following week, and was republished, nearly entire, in the sixth volume of the New-Hamp shire Historical Collections, 1850, pp. 112 — 121, to which we refer the reader.] 4. Ode, by George Kent, Esq. On this devoted spot — Never to be forgot, Till time shall end — Manhood's high hopes were crash'd, And mercy's voice was hush'd, While blood in torrents g-ush'd From foe and friend. Pas'conaway's kindly aid, That erst had been display'd, Was now withdrawn ; And Wonalancet's skill. Ready each feud to still, And cultivate good will — A hope forlorn. Mild Kancamagus,* too, With love could not imbue His recreant sons ; But Hope-Hood's hostile art Possess d each mind and heart, And led them to depart From peace at once. No council fires around Told of the battle's sound, Or signal gave ; But by the white man's path, Sudden as lightning's scath, The red man in his wrath Ambnsh'd the brave. Five gallant yeomen fell — While loud the Indian yell Echoed the deed ; Peters, Lcfkin and Beak, With Bradlets bold, were seen, Staining with blood the green, Without remead. Not unaveng'd was done The work of death, begun In treachery base : Four of the tribe lay low, To bleach in winter's snow ; Unstrung for aye, the bow ; Unjoined the chase. Hallow the memory, then, Of the devoted men * The poet mistook the character of Kancamagus. 170 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. Who bravely fell I Long may this stone display, In the broad light of day, The deeds their children may With honor tell. 5. Reading, by Richard Bradley, Esq., of an original petition of the inhabitants of Rumford, to the Governor, Council and Assem bly, for succor against the Indians, with autographs of the orig inal settlers ; after which a conveyance of the Monument and grounds was presented to the New-Hampshire Historical Society, by Mr. Bradley, [which was received by Rev. N. Bouton, in behalf of said society, and, being duly recorded, was deposited in the society's archives.] 6. An Historical Ballad, by Miss Mary Clark, of Concord, read by Mr. T. D. P. Stone,* entitled, " A Ballad commemorating the fall of the Bradleys, Peters, Bean and Lufkin, near this spot, on the' 11th of August, 1746, 0. S., ninety-one years ago this day. I sing a tale of days of old, When Penacook was young, — A tale that often has been told, But never yet was sung. It was a mournful tragedy, Most doleful to relate : How five young men all suddenly Met with a horrid fate. The settlement at Penacook Was girt with forests then, Where savage beasts a shelter took, And still more savage men. England and France a cruel war Had with each other waged ; — Woe to the colonies ! for there Its bloodiest contests raged. The fierce Canadians, (Frenchmen they,) Had set the Indians on ; 'Twas sad to see for many a day The mischief that was done. Houses were burnt and cattle slain, And smiling fields laid waste : To seek the lurking foe was vain,— His steps might not be traced ; For the dark, trackless woods concealed Him, issuing whence, he seized The unwary laborer in the field, A captive, if he pleased ; * Timothy Dwight Porter Stone, from Andover. Mass., then Principal of the Concord Lit erary Institution and Teachers' Seminary. THE MONUMENT. 171 Or else, more merciful, despatched Him at a single blow ; Then his defenceless home attacked, And laid his loved ones low ; Or led into captivity The children and the wife, In hardship, pain and misery, To drag a weary life. Such scenes as these, we understand, Were acted o'er and o'er, Beginning first at Westmoreland, Not far from Number Four.* In both those towns, in Keene likewise, Were killed and taken some ; And then eight persons, by surprise, They took in Hopkinton. In Rumford, alias Penacook, The people all alarmed, Themselves to garrisons betook. Nor ventured out unarmed. Oh ! faces gathered paleness then, Hearts trembled with dismay ; For foes without and fears within, Disturbed them night and day. A hundred Indians, near about, Blood-thirsty, fierce and strong, Seen now and then in straying scont, As they had passed along ; In August, '46, came down Direct from Canada ; Bent to destroy the embryo town, If in their course it lay. Tet did the people not forget The holy Sabbath day ; In their log meeting-house they met To hear, and praise, and pray. Each carrying his gun, went in, For fear what might betide ; And Parson Walker there was seen, With musket by his side. No prayer from feigned lips arose — With death and danger near, Their cries to Heaven, we may suppose, Went up from hearts sincere. Hid in an alder thicket, nigh The meeting-house, the foe (A little girl did them espy,) Were laid in ambush low. * Now called Charlestown. 172 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. A military company Had come the place to guard, Yet truly might the people say Their help was from the Lord ; For not a single hand was raised To harm them on that day ; They safely came unto the place, And safely went away. But ah ! the morrow comes, and then In Penacook was seen Such slaughter of their bravest men As never yet had been. Eight of the men set out to go To Eastman's garrison ; Full two miles off — but did not know The risk they were to run. Arriving early at the spot Where now secure we stand, Two fell beneath a fatal shot From unseen Indian hand. They wounded Samuel Bradley, too — At everv step he bled — Another shot his body through, Laid him among the dead. Lieutenant Bradley cried out, " Lord, Have mercy on me ! — Fight ;" He fired — but as he spake the word They rush'd on him outright. But stoutly he resisted, still Refusing proffered life ; They, horrid ! mangling him, until Death closed the unequal strife. As they rush'd out, the echoing woods With Indian yells they filled ; And kept their work of death and blood Till three more men were killed. Then seizing the remaining two, They quickly left the place ; A dreadful sight it was to view Those bodies in such case. Some of the foe were slain, 'tis said, How many, is not known, For leaving there the other dead, They bore away their own. And thus did end this dire affray : The names of all who fell, I need not in these verses say, For yonder stone will tell." THE MONUMENT. 173 One of the men, it seems, went on Some rods before the rest, And safely reached the garrison, Which they did not molest. But sad the news he carried there, For he had seen the fight ; And sad were they who stood to hear, O'erwhelmed with grief and fright. And having gathered what he knew, A man was posted down To bear the woeful tidings to The people of the town. And there were sounds of keen distress, " And hurryings to and fro," So deep is human tenderness, So bitter human woe. When speedily a cart, prepared The bodies to convey, Was sent, attended by a guard, Along the fearful way. The rustic hearse came heavily O'er the uneven ground ; Returned, their slaughtered friends to see, The people gathered round. Oh ! what a day for Penacook ! The widow — what a day ! A long, a last heart-rending look, And in the earth they lay. The Bradleys were distinguished men ; Brothers, they were, so brave, And many a tear was shed for them, Laid in untimely grave. Each left a mourning family, Samuel, an only son, Father of him whose piety That monumental stone Has raised — the sorrowful event Thus to commemorate : Go read their names, and then lament Their melancholy fate. 7. Concluding prayer, by Rev. E. E. Cummings, [of the Baptist Church.] But to resume the narrative of Indian troubles : After the massacre, as above related, the Indians withdrew for a short time from the immediate vicinity. The inhabitants, however, were in constant anxiety and alarm. On the 13th of August, Clough, in his journal, says : " Rumford people said that they 174 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. heard several guns, early in the morning, some distance from the town. They supposed that the Indians had killed some cattle, as they [had,] about a month before, killed two oxen." In answer to repeated petitions, a guard was kept stationed here most of the time, at least for the two following years.* In the mean time, some new arrangement was made concerning the garrisons, as appears from the following official document : Province op ) New Hamp* j District of Rumford, March ye 21st, 1746/7. We, the subscribers, Committee of Militia, &c, at the request of sundry of the inhabitants of Rumford aforesd — representing their uneasiness with the orders not being complyed with; and the pressing of the enemy having compelled two of the stated Garrisons to break up, and, by that means, apprehending a further view and settlement to be necessary — Have, therefore, repaired to Rumford afores'd and reviewed their circumstances, and do still continue the following Garrisons, as at first, viz. : The Garrison round the house of the Revd Mr. Timothy Walker, with the inhabitants stated there, excepting Obadiah Foster, who is removed and ordered to attend and do his duty at the Gar rison round the house of Mr. Joseph Hall. Also, the Garrison round the house of Mr. Jeremiah Stickney — and have further ordered that the house of Mr. Edward Abbot, being near and convenient to make one joynt defence with sd Stickney's Garrison, be likewise garrisoned — both which housen to be looked upon, and in all Garrison priviledges and duties, to be one Garrison — their keeping, in times of necessary watching and warding, a watch and ward in each house ; and that the inhabitants before ordered and stated at sd Stickney's, be as' equally, as with convenience may be, apportioned to each house, as best accommodates them, under the regulation of Capt. John Chandler — excepting Ephraim Carter and Joseph Carter, Lt. Isaac Chandler and his son Isaac, who are ordered to remove and do their duty at the Garrison round the house of the aforesaid Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker. Also, that the Garrison round the house of Mr. Timothy Walker, jun., be continued, with the inhabitants ordered there, excepting Stephen Farrington and Benjamin Abbot, who are hereby ordered to remove to, and do their duty at the Garrison round the house of the aforesaid Jeremiah Stickney and Edward Abbot. Also, the Garrison round the- house .of Mr. Joseph Hall be con tinued, with the inhabitants before ordered there; and that the Gar rison round the house of Mr. Henry Lovejoy, and the Garrison at Jonathan Eastman's house,f be thrown up and not kept, until the * Doc. for Chap. V., No. 8, 9 and 10. t These garrisons were out of the main settlement — one at West Parish Village ; the other near what is now called Millville. INDIAN TROUBLES. 175 inhabitants posted at these Garrisons, or either of them, shall have further assistance and be willing to return, and then to be invested with the same Garrison privileges as before — but not till then; and, in the mean time, they are respectively ordered to the following Gar risons, as most convenient for them, viz. : James Abbot, Amos Abbot, Amos Eastman, Henry Lovejoy, Abiel Chandler and Joseph Farnum, to do duty at the garrison stated round the house of the Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker ; and that Ephraim Farnum, Seaborn Pe ters, Timothy Tytus and Jacob Hoyt, to do duty at the garrison stated round the house of the aforesaid Jeremiah Stickney and Edward Abbot ; and John Burbank to do duty at the garrison stated round the dwelling-house of Mr. Timothy Walker, jun. : — which four gar risons, in our judgment, is as many as can be admitted for the interest and safety of the inhabitants, and the places well situated for the defence of the town. Joseph Blanciiaed, ) Benjamin Rolfe, > Com'? Zacheus Lovewell, ) Henry JJovejoy's garrison, at the West Parish, [where Mr. Levi Hutchins now lives,] it seems had been broken up ; and as there had been a grist mill, it subjected the inhabitants in that section, and also in Boscawen and Canterbury, to serious incon veniences, as appears from the following joint petition : To His Excellency Benning Wentworth, Esq., Captain General and Governor of His Majesty's Province of New-Hampshire : To the Honorable His Majesty's Council and Assembly of said Province : The Petition of the Subscribers, Inhabitants of Rumford, Canter bury and Contoocook — Humbly sheweth, That we, especially at the two last mentioned places, are greatly distressed for want of suitable Grist Mills; that Mr. Henry Lovejoy has, at great expense, erected a good miil at a place the most advantageously situated to accommodate the three towns : that it is the only mill in all the three towns that stands under the command of the guns of the garrison : — That the ill conse quences of abandoning the said garrison the year past has been severely felt by us : That the said Lovejoy appears desirous of residing there again, provided he might be favored with such a num ber of soldiers as just to keep his garrison with a tolerable degree of safety ; and that, as an additional encouragement to us to appear as petitioners on his behalf, and to your Excellency and Honours to grant our said petition, he will become engaged, with all convenient speed, to erect a forge for the making of Barr Iron,* which may also •This forge was erected by Capt Lovejoy, and was in operation many years. Mr. Levi Hutchins says the forge was situated about forty rods westerly of his house, on the stream that flows from Long Pond, and that old cinders of ore are still visible there. The ore was obtained from the banks at the deep bend of the river, just above the Concord Bridge. Iron ore was also found in the south part of the town. 176 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. stand under the command of the said garrison ; which undertaking would probably be vastly advantageous to all the towns and planta tions up this waj', as well as to the general interest of the Province. We therefore pray, as well on behalf of ourselves as the said Lovejoy, that your Excellency and Honours would take the premises into your wise consideration, and grant unto the said Lovejoy such a protection as may encourage him to reenter and possess his at pres ent abandoned garrison, for the ends and purposes above mentioned ; and your Petitioners shall, as in duty bound, ever pray. John Chandler, Ebenezer Eastman, Ezra Carter, Nath. Abbot, Isaac Waldron, Amos Eastman, Edward Abbot, Isaac Chandler, James Osgood, Seborne Peters, Abraham Kimball, Joseph Pudney, Stephen Gerrish, John Towle, George Jackman, Richard Jackman, Richard Hood, Jacob Flanders, James Scales, Jeremiah Clough, William Miles, William Forest, Thomas Clough, Josiah Miles, Ben. Fifield, Jacob Hoyt, John Burbank, Caleb Burbank, Amos Abbot, John Chandler, jun., Benjamin Abbot, Ephraim Farnum, Daniel Chase, Henry Lovejoy, Jeremiah Stickney, Aaron Stevens, William Peters, Philip Caul, John Corser, William Emery, Joel Manuel, John Flanders, John Gibson, Archelaus Moor, Moses Danforth, James Head, Benjamin Blanchard, James Gipson, Rumford, January 2d, 1747 - 8. Stephen Farrington, Stephen Hoyt, George Hull, Samson Colbe, Eben'r Eastman, jr., Philip Eastman, Jeremiah Eastman, Nathaniel Eastman, Joseph Eastman, Daniel Anis, Nathan Stevens, Ebenezer Virgin, Of Rumford. Philip Flanders, Stephen Call, Phineas Stevens, Nathaniel Malloon, William Danford, Of Contoocook. William Moor, William Forest, jr., Samuel Shepherd, John Forrest, Thomas Danforth, Samuel Moor, Of Canterbury. ANECDOTES. The following traditionary anecdotes relative to this period have been received by the author from sundry individuals, and may be relied on as substantially correct. Philip Eastman, son of Capt. Ebenezer, married Abiah ANECDOTES. 177 Bradley, sister of the Bradleys who were killed, and in 1746 lived on the farm where John L. Tallant, Esq., now lives. When the news of the massacre reached them, Mr. Eastman hastily saddled his horse, rode up to his door, and said, " Come, Abiah, let us go." She replied, " I am -ready," and at a single bound sprung upon the horse's back, behind her husband — and then they rode on full canter down to Capt. Eastman's fort. It was a common saying in those times, " It takes a hard blow to kill a Bradley ! " — C. E. Potter. On the 10th of November, 1746,* a Mr. Estabrooks, of Hop kinton, was killed by the Indians on the road leading from Con cord to Hopkinton, and about one fourth of a mile eastward of where the Bradleys were killed. The circumstances, as related by Mr. Benjamin G-ale, now in his eighty-fifth year, and in full possession of his faculties, are as follows : " My grandfather, Dr. Ezra Carter,f lived in a house which stood where Sanborn's book-store now is ; he pastured his horse in Dea. George Abbot's lot, where the late Timothy Chandler lived. Mr. Estabrooks came into town, and called on Dr. Carter, but was in great haste to return to Hopkinton before night. Dr. Carter said, ' I have a call to make on the same road, and will accompany you ;' then taking his bridle and saddle bags in hand, he went to the pasture to catch his horse ; but, what was very unusual, the horse could'nt be caught. The doctor, therefore, standing in the field, waved his hand to Mr. Estabrooks, who was waiting, and said, ' Go on.' Estabrooks proceeded about three quarters of a mile on the road, to where the watering-trough now is, at Rum- Hill, (so called,) when he was fired at and killed. The report of the gun was heard in the street, and in half an hour after- *PETITIOK OP DR. EZRA CARTES. October ye 23d, 1747. To His Excellency Bennino Wepitwoeth, Esq., Ice. : The Petition of Ezra Carter, in behalf of the inhabitants of the town of Rumford, shew- eth, that they are destitute of soldiers, and very much exposed both to the French and Indian enemy, and daily expect, by experience of last year, invasions by them, by reason of their killing one man on the temth of movemdkr last ; and on the nineteenth of said No vember they were discovered by their tracks in a small snow : — and pray your Honours to consider our dangerous circumstances, and grant us such protection as you in your great wis dom shall think meet. Ezra Carter. t Mr. Gale's father, Daniel, son of Benjamin, from Haverhill, married Ruth, daughter of Dr. Ezra Carter. 12 178 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. ward Estabrooks was found dead on the spot." Dr. Carter's escape was considered very providential. Jacob Hoyt, Esq., residing on the east side of the river, (on the Mountain, so called,) now in the eighty-third year of his age — vigorous both in body and mind — relates that his father, John, son of Abner, who came to Penacook from Salisbury, Mas sachusetts, about 1728, and lived in a house where Dr. Samuel Morril now lives, was said to have been the second male child born in Penacook. He married Abigail Carter, the little girl who saw one Indian or more in the bushes on the Sabbath before the massacre. His grandfather, Abner, was in Mr. Jonathan East man's garrison, and at this time owned land where Mr. B. Hub bard Weeks now fives. On one occasion his daughter Betsey went out to milk the cows, just at twilight. She was accompa nied by a soldier named Roane, for a guard. While she milked the cows, Roane sat on the fence ; but instead of looking out for Indians, his eyes were attracted toward Betsey. She, observing his gaze, said, " Roane, you better look the other way, and see if there are any Indians near." Turning round at that mo ment, he saw an Indian with tomahawk in hand, creeping slyly toward him. Roane screamed, leaped from the fence, and run, gun in hand, leaving Betsey to do the best she could for her self, Fortunately, however, Betsey regained the garrison in safety. Mr. Hoyt further relates — as what he had often heard his father say — " that at this time/ Indians were constantly lurking about, so that people had to go out in companies to do work in the field ; that Benjamin Abbot had a large field of rye on what is now called the Bog Road, which the Indians watched with a design to kill the men who went out to reap it. But at the proper time, the people turned out in such force that the rye was all harvested and carted home early in the forenoon, so that the Indians were disappointed ; whereupon they gratified their re venge by killing as many cows, oxen, sheep and horses as they could, at pasture, in the vicinity of Turkey Pond. They also fired at and wounded an old Mr. Pudney, who was carrying a wooden bottle of beer from one of the garrisons to men at work at the Eleven Lots. The ball broke his arm, so that he dropped ANECDOTES. 179 the bottle, and ran back to the garrison,"* [round Timothy Walk er, junior's, house.] In the fall of 1747f a large party of Indians made their ap pearance in the southwest part of the town, and for several weeks continued ranging about the woods, destroying cattle, horses, &c. Jeremiah Bradley, (who lived near where Mr. Charles Hall now lives,) had a fine field for fall grazing, and into this many of the citizens had turned their sheep and neat cattle. Reports from the guns of the Indians were frequently heard, and numbers of the cattle were destroyed. The inhab itants at length rallied, and a strong party, armed, proceeded cautiously in two divisions toward the enemy. In the woods, near the field,' one of the party found numerous packs, &c, be longing to the Indians, and concluded to await their approach in concealment. As they were approaching, one of the men, through accident, or an eager desire to avenge his losses, fired his musket, and alarmed the Indians, who, observing the smoke * See Joseph Pudney's petition, as follows : 1748. PROV. OF NEW-HAMP. To His Excellency Benning Wentworth, Esq., Gov't, Sfc. : The Petition of Joseph Pudney, of Rumford, most humbly sheweth — That your petit'r, the last summer, at Rumford afores'd, while in His Majes ty's service, was wounded by the Indians, who by their shot broak his arm, and the bones much shattered ; that altho' the wound is healed up, yet he is unable to do any work to earn his livelyhood, and his arm so weak that he is unlit for scouting, &c. ; that he is able to do the duty of a garrison souldier, and as such are wanted in the sd town of Rumford, he humbly conceives in that body he might be so far serviceable as to earn bis living. Wherefore your pet'r most humbly prays that he may be held in His Majesty's service, and posted at the sd town as a garrison souldier. And yr pet'r as in duty bound shall ever pray. Joseph Pudney. May 17, 1748. In the House of Representatives, 28th May, 1748, Voted, That in answer to ye within petition, ye within mentioned Joseph Pud ney be posted as a soldier at ye garrison at sd Rumford, til ye last of Septem ber next. D. Pierce, Clerk. In Council, eodem die, read and concurred. Theod. Atkinson, Sec'y. Eodem die, consented to. B. Wentworth. t Moore's Annals of Concord, p. 271. 180 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. of the gun, filed off in an opposite direction. The whole party then fired, but with little injury to their tawny adversaries. The body of an Indian was, however, sometime afterward found secreted in a hollow log, into which, it is supposed, having been wounded by the fire of the party, he had crawled and expired. There was a garrison — though probably at a somewhat later period — situated on what was called Rattlesnake Plain, just across the road southwest of Mr. Simeon Abbot's house, near the track of the Concord and Claremont Railroad. Belonging to and defended by the garrison, were four houses, built of logs, the cellars and foundations of which are visible to this day. Here were James Abbot, James Abbot, jun., Reuben Abbot, Amos Abbot, and Joseph Farnum. There is a story that the young folks from the Abbot garrison were very fond of going out, of an evening, to visit the Farnums, who lived some eighty rods distant, and that the old people were much concerned lest they should be waylaid by the Indians. As the young folks did not heed the cautions given them, Mr. Reuben Abbot, (the same who lived to his hundredth year,) undertook to cure their temer ity. Accordingly, one evening, when the young folks were at Ephraim Farnum's, he, dressed in Indian style, secreted himself in the bushes by the road-side, and waited their return. As they approached the spot, he made a rustling noise, grunting like an Indian, and partially showed himself — when the young people fled with terror to the garrison. After that they never wished to go out again in the evening, but they kept the cause of their fright a secret. Samuel Farrington, grandson of Stephen Farrington, who married Apphia, daughter of Abraham Bradley, relates that on one occasion, in the time of Indian troubles, her grandmother, who, like others of the Bradley race, was a fearless woman, went into the field where her husband and others had gone to mow, and she found them reclining under a tree, after dinner, asleep, and their guns stacked near by. She took one of the guns — of the kind called Queen Anne's muskets — and discharged it very near them. The gun rebounded and nearly kicked her over. They sprung upon their feet with great consternation, supposing that Indians were upon them : when Mrs. Farrington, recover- ANECDOTES. 181 ing also from the unexpected shock, laughingly signified that possibly they might receive a worse fire than from a woman, if found asleep again ! Capt. Henry Lovejoy once had a narrow escape from the In dians. Returning from Osgood's tavern to his garrison, on horse back, in the evening, he apprehended that Indians might way lay him, and that they would be Ukely to do it in the gully, south of Ephraim Farnum's. As he approached the crossing-place, he pretended to have command of men, and cried out, " Rush on, my boys — be ready to fire ! " and then galloped over with full speed. On reaching home he went to turn his horse into pas ture on the north side of Rattlesnake hill : letting the bars down, he noticed an alarm and stir among the cows. Inferring that Indians were near, he turned toward the garrison, and hid himself under a large wind-fall tree. Immediately two Indians with guns trotted over the tree in pursuit. He lay still till they returned and went off, and then regained the fort. In a deposition given relative to the Bow controversy, 1757, Isaac Chandler and Jacob Pilsberry, of Rumford, state, "That there was no way for the people, in their power, to defend them selves against their [Indian] enemies, but by assembling together, by common agreement, as many families as conveniently could, and first erecting a fort or garrison sufficient to contain them, and then building within the same a house for each family "to screen them from the inclemency of the weather. And all this they did at their own expense. Moreover, by being obliged to keep watch and ward, and to work together in large companies for the greater safety during the summer ; and their being frequently called from their business — either by some assault, or the dis covery of the Indians — and other avocations occasioned by the war, the deponents really believe that the said inhabitants lost near one half of their time during the most busy and valuable part of the year ; for all which they never, as the deponents heard of, had any allowance or consideration. "And that notwithstanding all these discouragements, they have stood their ground against the enemy ; supported themselves with all the necessaries of life ; and also yearly spared consider able quantities of provisions to the neighboring villages in the 182 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. said province, — which must have suffered very much if they had not had their assistance. " And that they have been always ready, upon notice of dis tress or danger among their neighbors, during the war, to go to their relief, many times in considerable companies, to places at a great distance, all at their own expense : beside the losses they have sustained, not only of human fives, but also in their stocks of cattle, many scores of which were destroyed in one day by the enemy, beside what were destroyed at other times. Isaac Chandler, Jacob Pilsbeert." LIST OF OFFICERS IN THE PLANTATION OF PENNYCOOK AND RUMFORD, FROM 1732 TO 1749. Moderator, Clerk, . . Selectmen, Constable, Assessors, ) Collector Surveyors of Highways, . i Tythingmen, . . . . i Sealer of Leather, Hogreeves, . Treasurer, Fence-viewers, January, 173-2-3. Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, Benjamin Rolfe, . . . " Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, Dea. John Merrill, . ' Edward Abbot, . . . Nathaniel Abbot, Ebenezer Eastman, Dea. John Merrill, Edward Abbot. Nathaniel Abbot. Richard Hazeltine, . Ebenezer Virgin, . Ens. Jeremiah Stickney, Lt. John Chandler, . David Kimball, . ¦I J Joseph Hall, . [ Isaac Foster, . . Lt. John Chandler, . Aaron Stevens, . James Farnum, . March 6, 1732-3. Ebenezer Eastman. Timothy Clement. ' Ebenezer Eastman, John Chandler, Jeremiah Stickney, Joseph Eastman, Edward Abbot. Abraham Colby. ( Jeremiah Stickney. < John Merrill, ( John Russ. . William Barker, . David Kimball. . David Kimball. ( George Abbot, < Joseph Davis, ( Richard Urann. . John Chandler. Joseph Hall, Samuel Pudney, David Barker, Isaac Foster. OFFICERS. 183 Field-drivers, Moderator,. Town Clerk, . . . Selectmen, .... Constable, Collector, i James Farnum, . ' Joseph Eastman, March 11, 1733-4. Ebenezer Eastman. Benjamin Rolfe. Ebenezer Eastman, Benjamin Rolfe, Dea. Ephraim Farnum. Abraham Bradley, Surveyors of Highways, Tythingmen, Fence-viewers, ¦i Sealer of Leather, . Treasurer, .... Field-drivers, . . . . ¦ Hogreeves, . Pound-keeper,Surveyor of Flax and Hemp. Sealer of Weights and Meas. Selectmen. . . Jeremiah Stickney, Ebenezer Virgin, Daniel Chase, . John Webster. . Edward Abbot, . John Russ, . . Richard Hazeltine. Aaron Stevens, . James Osgood, . James Farnum, . William Barker, Ebenezer Virgin. David Kimball. Lt. John Chandler. James Osgood, . Samuel Pudney, Jeremiah Dresser, Aaron Stevens. Jacob Shute, David Barker, . Nathaniel Abbot. Nathaniel Abbot. Moderator, Town Clerk, Selectmen, . March 9, 1735-6. Ebenezer Eastman. Benjamin Rolfe. C Benjamin Rolfe, < Ebenezer Eastman, ( Jeremiah Stickney. Selectmen. . Assessors, . Constable, . Surveyor of Hemp and Flax, Nathaniel Abbot. ' David Barker, . Surveyors of Highways, • UdSMbS^' Daniel Chase. . Tythingmen, Fence-viewers, { James Abbot, . ( James Farnum, . Richard Hazeltine, Joseph Eastman, Isaac Foster, Ephraim Farnum, John Russ. . Jacob Shute, Joseph Eastman, Aaron Stevens, Ebenezer Virgin, Timothy Clement, John Russ. March, 1734 -S. Ebenezer Eastman. Benjamin Rolfe. Benjamin Rolfa, Jeremiah Stickney, John Merrill. Edward Abbot. Edward Abbot. Selectmen. Ebenezer Eastman, Joseph Hall, James Osgood, Lt. John Chandler. Ephraim Farnum, George Abbot. Abraham Bradley, Daniel Chase, Isaac Foster, George Abbot, Joseph Eastman. Jeremiah Stickney. John Chandler. Timothy Bradley, Timothy Walker. David Barker, Zebediah Farnum, Benjamin Abbot. Nathaniel Abbot. Edward Abbot. March 15, 1736-7. Ebenezer Eastman. Benjamin Rolfe. Benjamin Rolfe, James Osgood, Joseph Hall. Selectmen. I Richard Hazeltine, also Collector. Nathaniel Abbot. James Abbot, Jeremiah Stickney, Barachias Farnum, Daniel Chase, Ebenezer Virgin. Edward Abbot, John Merrill. Nathaniel Abbot, George Abbot, Nathaniel Rolfc, Daniel Rolfe, John Russ, David Barker. 184 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. Field-drivers, Sealer of Leather, . . Jeremiah Stickney. George Abbot, . David Kimball, . Zebadiah Farnum, . Jonathan Bradley, . Ebenezer Eastman, Jr. Samuel Pudney. Jacob Shute, Isaac Walker, Jr., . Abraham Colby, Jr., Onesiphorus Page. Sealer of Weights and Meas. Edward Abbot. Treasurer, . . . . Lt. John Chandler. Hogreeves, . Jeremiah Stickney. Benjamin Abbot, Abraham Colby, Jr., William Barker, Timothy Bradley, John Russ. Daniel Chase, Aaron Stevens, Joseph Farnum. Edward Abbot. Moderator, Town Clerk, Selectmen, . Constable and Collector, Surveyors of Highways, March 39, 1738. Jeremiah Stickney. Benjamin Rolfe. Benjamin Rolfe, Lt. John Chandler, Richard Hazeltine. Selectmen. . . . Joseph Eastman. . James Abbot, . Jeremiah Stickney, Joseph Hall, Barachias Farnum, Isaac Foster. Tythingmen, Fence- viewers, Sealer of Leather, ( William Barker, {Ebenezer Virgin. Benjamin Abbot, James Farnum, Edward Abbot, James Abbot, . David Barker. . Jeremiah Stickney. Sealer of Weights and Meas. Edward Abbot Treasurer, .... Benjamin Rolfe. Hogreeves, Field-drivers, Philip Kimball, William Walker, . George Abbot, . . Abraham Kimball, . Ebenezer Eastman, Jr., ( Philip Kimball, . 1 William Walker, ( Daniel Chase. . Survey'rs of Timber, Plank ( Daniel Chase, and Boards, \ Nathaniel Abbot. Pound-lceeper Surveyor of Hemp and Flax, Nathaniel Abbot. March 20, 1739-40. Moderator, .... Ebenezer Eastman. Town Clerk, .... Benjamin Rolfe. . ( Benjamin Rolfe, Selectmen, . . . . ) Lt. John Chandler, ( Ebenezer Eastman. Assessors Selectmen. . . March 15, 1738-9. . Barachias Farnum. . Benjamin Rolfe. . Benjamin Rolfe, . Barachias Farnum, . Ebenezer Eastman. . Selectmen. . James Osgood. { James Abbot, David Kimball, Jeremiah Stickney, Joseph Hall, Barachias Farnum, Isaac Foster. . Richard Hazeltine, . George Abbot. . Stephen Farrington, . David Barker, . Jeremiah Dresser, . James Famum, . Samuel Pudney. . David Kimball. . Edward Abbot. . Benjamin Rolfe. William Walker, Philip Kimball, Benjamin Abbot, Philip Eastman, Joseph Farnum, . Jacob Shute. ' Benjamin Abbot, William Walker, Jonathan Bradlee, Richard Hazeltine, Nathaniel Rolfe, Jeremiah Dresser, Ebenezer Virgin, Jr. Nathaniel Abbot. Jforc*2,1740-L Ebenezer Eastman. Benjamin Rolfe. Benjamin Rolfe, Ebenezer Eastman, John Chandler. Selectmen. OFFICERS. 185 Constable, Surveyors of Highways, Tythingmen, Fence^viewers, ' Barachias Farnum — [refusing ] to serve, paid his fine of £5, and Ebenezer Virgin was chosen.] James Abbot, . Jeremiah Stickney, David Kimball, Barachias Farnum, Joseph Hall, David Barker, . Ebenezer Eastman. Aaron Stevens. . (E Sealer of Leather, . . Sealer of Weights and Meas. Treasurer, .... Hogreeves, Field^Jrivers, Moderator, Town Clerk, Selectmen, Constable,Treasurer,Collector, Surveyors of Highways, Tythingmen, [ Fence-viewers, Sealer of Leather, Sealer of Weights and Meas. Hogreeves, •s Edward Abbot. Joseph Eastman, Nathaniel Rolfe, Daniel Chase, . Abiel Chandler, Isaac Foster, David Kimball. Edward Abbot. Benjamin Rolfe. John March, William Walker, Jacob Shute, Judah Trumble. John March, William Walker, Benjamin Abbot, Jeremiah Dresser, Lot Colby, Ebenezer Eastman, Jr. March 31, 1742. Ebenezer Eastman. Benjamin Rolfe. Benjamin Rolfe, Ebenezer Eastman, Jeremiah Stickney. Selectmen. . George Abbot. . Benjamin Rolfe. George Abbot. . Timothy Bradley, . Barachias Farnum, Nathaniel Abbot, . James Osgood, . . Daniel Chase, Ebenezer Eastman. Richard Hazeltine, Isaac Walker, Jr., Samuel Putnee, Joseph Eastman, James Abbot, . Jonathan Bradley, Ebenezer Virgin, Abraham Colby. David Kimball. Edward Abbot. William Walker, Nathaniel West, Judah Trumble. Joseph Hall. James Abbot, Jeremiah Stickney, David Kimball, Barachias Farnum, Joseph Hall, Ebenezer Eastman. James Osgood, George Abbot. Benjamin Abbot, James Farnum, Abraham Bradley, Lt. John Chandler, Ebenezer Virgin, Eben'r Eastman, Jr. David Kimball. Edward Abbot. Benjamin Rolfe. William Walker, Isaac Walker, Jr., David Barker, Lot Colbv. William Walker, James Farnum, Jonathan Bradley, Eben'r Eastman, Jr. March 31, 1743. Ebenezer Eastman. Benjamin Rolfe. Benjamin Rolfe, Ebenezer Eastman, Jeremiah Stickney. Selectmen. Daniel Chase. Benjamin Rolfe. Daniel Chase. David Foster, Abiel Chandler, Nathaniel Abbot, Barachias Farnum, Philip Eastman, David Kimball. Richard Hazeltine, James Abbot. Samuel Putnee, Abraham Colby, Jonathan Bradley, Jeremiah Dresser. David Kimball, Edward Abbot, Samuel Grey, Abiel Chandler, Abraham Colbee, Judah Trumble. 186 RUMFORD AS A DISTRICT. ' William Walker, . . . . Daniel Chase, Field-drivers, . . . . 1 Joseph Farnum, . . . . Edward Abbot, Obadiah Eastman. CC^* Nathaniel Abbot and David Kimball were chosen | " to take care that the laws relating to the preservation of. deer be observed," &c. ( March 38, 1744. Moderator, Town Clerk, Selectmen, Assessors, . Constable, . Treasurer, '¦\ Ebenezer Eastman. Benjamin Rolfc. Benjamin Rolfe, Barachias Farnum, Capt. John Chandler. Nathaniel Rolfe. Benjamin Rolfe. Barachias Farnum, Jeremiah Bradley, . Jacob Shute, Stephen Farrington, James Abbot, . Edward Abbot, . . Philip Eastman, Ebenezer Virgin. Richard Hazeltine, . David Chandler. David Kimball. Edward Abbot. . . Ens. Nathaniel Abbot, Joseph Hall, . . Ebenezer Eastman, Jr. Abiel Chandler, Abraham Colbee. Timothy Walker, Jr., James Abbot, Jr., . Jonathan Bradley, . Jeremiah Eastman. Jonathan Bradley, . Lot Colbee, . . . Nathaniel Rix, . Timothy Bradley, . Ebenezer Hall. March 31, 1746 Moderator, .... Capt. John Chandler. Town Clerk Benjamin Rolfe. ( Benjamin Rolfe, Selectmen, } Capt. John Chandler, ( Jeremiah Stickney. Assessors, Selectmen. Constable, Ezra Carter.. Treasurer, .... Benjamin Rolfe. Ephraim Farnum, . Abraham Bradley, . Edward Abbot, Timothy Bradley, Jonathan Eastman, Jacob Shute. Surveyors of Highways, Tythingmen, Sealer of Leather, Sealer of Weights and Meas. Fence-viewers, Field-drivers, . Hogreeves, Surveyors of Highways, Timothy Wolker,jr., David Chandler, Obadiah Eastman. Ebenezer Eastman, jun., and Sam'l Grey, do. March 8, 1745. Capt. Jno. Chandler. Benjamin Rolfc. Benjamin Rolfe, Capt. John Chandler, Jeremiah Stickney. Selectmen. Ezra Carter.* Benjamin Rolfe. Abraham Bradley, Edward Abbot, Philip Eastman, David Kimball, Jeremiah Bradley, Jacob Shute. Ephraim Farnum, Abraham Colbee. Edward Abbot. Daniel Chase, Joseph Eastman, Abiel Chandler, Nathaniel Abbot. Samuel Gray, Lot Colbee, Jeremiah Eastman, James Abbot, jun. Samuel Bradley, Isaac Waldron, Sampson Colbee, Philip Kimball. March 19, 1747. Ebenezer Eastman. Ezra Carter. John Chandler, Ebenezer Eastman, Richard Hazeltine. Ezra Carter. Benjamin Rolfe. Edward Abbot, Ebenezer Virgin. * Voted, That Sir. Samuel Pudney be excused from serving as constable, and that Dr. Ezra Carter be constable. OFFICERS. 187 Tythingmen, . . . A Daniel 9haf?' • s ( Benjamin Abbot, Sealer of Weights and Meas. Edward Abbot. . ("Joseph Farnum, Fence-viewers, Field-drivers, Hogreeves, Moderator, Town Clerk, Selectmen, J Philip Eastman, | Aaron Stevens, { Daniel Chase. , f Samuel Grey, Nathan Stevens, Abiel Chandler, Timothy Walker, Jr. ( Samuel Grey, . < Sampson Colbee, ( Judah Trumble. March 24, 1748. Ebenezer Eastman. Ezra Carter. ' Ezra Carter, . . Capt. John Chandler, Richard Hazeltine. . . . . . Selectmen. Constable Ebenezer Eastman, Jr., Collector, Ebenezer Eastman, Jr. (Ebenezer Virgin, . Timothy Bradley, . Abraham Kimball, . Benjamin Abbot, . ( Daniel Chase, 1 j James Abbot. ' Joseph Eastman, Ephraim Farnum, Lot Colbee, Amos Eastman. ' Jeremiah Dresser, Amos Abbot, [ Sampson Colbee. Sealer of Weights and Meas. Edward Abbot. ( Jeremiah Eastman, Hogreeves, . . . 1 William Walker. ( Ebenezer Hall. Surveyors of Highways, Tythingmen, Fence-viewers, Field-drivers, Dea. George Abbot, Abraham Kimball, Edward Abbot, ' Daniel Chase, Lt. Nathaniel Abbot, - Philip Eastman, Joseph Hall, Amos Eastman. Timothy Bradley, John Pudney, Eben'r Eastman, jr. Lot Colbee, Amos Abbot, Samuel Grey, Ens. Jos. Eastman. March 29, 1749.* , John Chandler, , Ezra Carter, f John Chandler, Ezra Carter, Lt. Jere. Stickney, Ebenezer Virgin, Henry Lovejoy. Samuel Grey. James Abbot, Jeremiah Dresser, Dea. George Abbot, Aaron Stevens, Jacob Shute, Amos Eastman. * About this time the rights and privileges guaranteed by the District Act ceased, and Rum ford, already involved in controversy with the proprietors of Bow, was destitute of govern ment. There is a chasm in the records till 1765. CHAPTER VI. FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS, IN WHICH THE INHABITANTS OF RUMFORD TOOK AN ACTIVE PART.* By what was called the " Treaty of Aix la Chapelle," in 1748, between France and England, there was a suspension of hostil ities for a few years. The border towns, however, were con stantly exposed to Indian depredations and massacres. Hence garrisons were kept up, and the people continued to go out, armed, in companies, to their work in the fields. The war, however, between France and England was renewed in 1754, and continued till 1762. This long, bloody and savage war, which involved England and her colonies on the one side, and France, with her Indian allies on the other, arose out of unsettled boundaries.! In these wars New-Hampshire bore a conspicuous part, and Rumford contributed her full share of men and means. The New-Hampshire troops were distinguished above most others for bold and daring enterprise, hardihood, expertness in shooting, and especially for their knowledge in all the arts of Indian war fare. They were, therefore, for the most part employed as * See Documentary and Statistical Chapter. t " By the construction of charters and grants from the crown of England, her colonies extended indefinitely westward from the Atlantic coast. The French, however, had settle ments in Canada and Louisiana, and they meditated to join these distant colonies by a chain of forts and posts, from the river St. Lawrence to the Mississippi, and to extend the limits of Canada as far eastward as to command navigation in the winter, when the St. Lawrence is impassable. These claims of territory, extending, on the one part, from east to west, and, on the other, from north to south, necessarily interfered."— Belknap. FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS. 189 rangers and scouts — to lay in ambush — to make sudden attacks upon the enemy — to clear roads through woods, and, in short, to perform all the most difficult and dangerous services. Many of them were rangers under those fearless leaders, Robert Rogers, John Stark and William Stark. Others were in more regular service under the command of Col. Joseph Blan- chard, of Dunstable, and Col. Nathaniel Meserve, of Portsmouth. Soldiers from Rumford were in the first expedition to Crown Point in 1755 ; at Fort Edward, and in the terrible scene at Fort William Henry, in 1757. Some of them were also with General Amherst, under the command of Colonel Zaccheus Lovewell, at the reduction of Ticonderoga and Crown Point, in 1759, and shared in the glory of the victory at Quebec, when the brave General Wolfe was slain.* Great pains have been taken to ascertain the names of all the soldiers from Rumford, engaged in the French and Indian wars, from 1754 till the peace in 1762. From the different muster rolls, found in the office of the Secretary of State, and from other sources, we have been able to collect the following. 1754. In September, 1754, Capt. John Chandler had command of a company of nine men, " in His Majesty'3 service," for eight days only, viz. : from the 8th to the 17th of September. Probably they were engaged in a scouting service in the neighboring towns. The men were : John Chandler, Captain, (charge,) £1 2 10 Obadiah Maxfield, sentinel, 0 15 8 Phineas Virgin, do., 0 15 8 Moses Eastman, do., 0 15 8 *ln regard to the geographical position of the several places above mentioned, it may be noted, that (1.) Crown Point was at the southern extremity of Lake Champlain ; (2.) Ti conderoga, near the junction of Lake George with Lake Champlain, and1 about ten miles south of Crown Point ; (3.) Fort William Henry was at the southern end of Lake George ; (4.) Fort Edward was about fifteen miles southeast of Fort William Henry, near tho head waters of the Hudson river. (5.) St. Francis Village, where a terrible fight took place, 1759, between the Rangers, under Rogers, and the Indians, was on the river St. Francis, near the Thousand Isles in the river St. Lawrence, and some thirty or forty miles from the head waters of the Connecticut river. In 1759, the troops from New-Hampshire cut almost a straight road from Charlestown No. Four to Ticonderoga. 190 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. Edward Abbot, jun., sentinel, 0 15 8 Jacob Potter, do., 0 15 8 David Kimball, do., 0 15 8 John Hoyt, do., 0 15 8 Jonathan Fifield, do., 0 15 8 Thomas Merrill, do., 0 15 8 8 3 10 " For subsisting the above men, at Is. Sd. per day, £5 0 0 " For furnishing ammunition, 0 7 6 13 11 4" Which account was allowed and paid by the General Court of New-Hampshire, February 24, 1756.* 1755. In 1755 Capt. Joseph Eastman, third son of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, had command of a company of sixty-five men in Col. Joseph Blanchard's regiment, which was raised for the expedi tion against Crown Point.f This company was ordered to pro ceed to the Coos country, toward the head waters of the Con necticut, and to build a fort there ; and thence to proceed to Crown, Point, supposing that to be the most direct route. They first marched to Baker's Town, (now Franklin,) where they began to build batteaux, with which to navigate the waters, and cross rivers betwixt that place and Crown Point. Thus, much time was consumed and provisions spent to no purpose. They afterward performed a fatiguing march through the wilder ness, over the height of land, to Number Four, Charlestown, and reached Albany. Gen. Johnson, who had command at Lake George, ordered the New-Hampshire Regiment to Fort Edward, where they remained for some time, but subsequently were em ployed mostly as rangers. The men in this company from Concord, were — Joseph East man, captain ; Nathaniel Abbot, lieutenant ; David Copps, ser geant ; Moses Eastman, sergeant ; Nath'l Morse, clerk ; David ? Muster roll, found among old papers. t Muster roll in Secretary's office. See Document No. 1 for Chap. VI., in Documentary and Statistical Chapter. FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS. 191 Evans, corporal ; Obadiah Maxfield, sentinel ; Nath'l Rix, Jona than Chase, Ebenezer Copps, Asa Kimball, Ebenezer Virgin, Ebenezer Simonds, James Farnum, Judah Trumble, Isaac Walker,* John Webster, Reuben Simonds, (?) Joseph Eastman, sentinels. The company under Capt. Eastman were mostly in service from April to October. The journal kept by Nath'l Morse, the company's clerk, will be read with interest.! 1756. In Captain John G-offe's company, of Col. Nathaniel Me- serve's regiment, raised for the Crown Point expedition, were, from Rumford : J Entered. Time of service. Mos. Days. Thomas Merrill, 2d lieutenant, April 16, ... . 88 Joseph Eastman,§ sergeant, May 12, 7 10 John Straw, sentinel, . . . May 1, .... 6 11 Jonathan Fifield, .... May 1, 66 James Blanohard, .... May 12, ... . 7 10 Paul Fowler, May 1, 7 22 Isaac Walker, 2d, .... May 1, 7 10 Zebediah Farnum, .... May 1, 7 17 In Capt. John Shepard's company, of Col. Meserve's regi ment,. 1756, Ezekiel Steel is enrolled as of Rumford. Joshua Abbot, son of Lieut. ' Nathaniel Abbot, John Shute, Daniel Abbot, Benjamin Hannaford, Amos Eastman, Nathaniel Eastman, Joseph Eastman, Benjamin Bradley, Stephen Hoit, David Evans, Stilson Eastman and Philip Kimball, and nq doubt others, for some time, were engaged in the French and Indian wars, either in the regular service or as rangers. But, as Bel knap truly remarks, " The history of a war on the frontiers can be little else than a recital of the exploits, the sufferings, the escapes and deliverances of individuals, of single families or small parties," — so I shall proceed to give details of individual daring, hardihood and sufferings, which have been gathered from public documents or from family traditions. * Son of William, a minor, t Doc- No> *> ror Chap. VI. J See muster roll, Secretary's office. $ Perhaps of Boscawen. 192 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. AMOS EASTMAN. On the 28th of April, 1752, Amos Eastman,* of Rumford, son of Jonathan Eastman, (whose garrison was on the mill road,) in company with John and William Stark, of Derryfield, (now Man chester,) and David Stinson, of Londonderry, was on a hunting expedition near Baker's river, in Rumney. The company had been very successful, estimating their furs, &c, at £560 old tenor. Here they fell in with a party of ten Indians, of the St. Francis tribe. It being a time of peace, danger was not at first apprehended. But towards evening the Indians made prisoner of John Stark, who had separated from the rest, to collect the traps. Suspecting mischief, the party was proceeding down the river — William Stark and Stinson in a canoe, and Eastman on the bank — when the Indians came upon them, took Eastman prisoner, shot into the canoe and killed Stinson, who was after ward stripped and scalped ; William Stark escaped through the intrepidity of John, who struck up the Indians' guns when they were leveled at his brother. Eastman and John Stark were car ried captives to St. Francis, which they reached on the 9th of June.f Here they were compelled to undergo the ceremony of running the gauntlet. The young Indians of the settlement ranged themselves in to two lines, each armed with a rod, to strike the captives as they passed along. Eastman was severely whip- ed ; but Stark snatched a club, and made his way through the lines, knocking the Indians down, right and left, whenever they came within his reach, and escaped with scarcely a blow. East man was sold to a French master, and was kindly treated : as was also Stark, who became a favorite among the Indians. Both were redeemed, after about six weeks, by a Mr. Wheelwright, from Boston, and Capt. Stevens, from CharleBtown, who were sent from Massachusetts for the purpose of obtaining the release of prisoners. Stark paid for his redemption one hundred and three dollars, and Eastman sixty. They returned home by way of Albany 4 When the news of the capture of Eastman and Stark reached * Amos Eastman married MehetoUe, daughter of Abraham Bradley, Jan. 9, 1743. t See Document No. 2, for Chap. VI. \ See life of Gen. Stark, pp. 172 - 4. FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS. 193 Rumford, a party was raised,* who proceeded to Baker's river, found and buried the body of Stinson in the woods, and brought homer one of the paddles of the canoe, which was pierced with several shot holes. It was preserved a long time by the Virgin family. Benjamin Bradley, son of Timothy, son of Abraham Brad ley, was one of Rogers' rangers.- He was with Rogers in the terrible fight at St. Francis, October 3, 1759. The particulars of this bloody scene are substantially these : The Indian village of St. Francis, which lay some thirty miles above the source of the Connecticut, was the head-quarters of the savages who com mitted the worst depredations on the border towns of New-Eng land. Upon the reduction of Ticonderoga and Crown Point, Major Robert Rogers was despatched from the latter place, by Gen. Amherst, with about two hundred rangers, to destroy the village of St. Francis. After a fatiguing march of twenty-one days, over mountains and through swamps, they reached the place in the evening, and found the Indians engaged " in a wed ding frolick." Arranging his forces, he waited till near morn ing, when the Indian revelry had ceased, and all were asleep ; then the fatal attack was made. Some were killed in their houses ; others were shot or tomahawked, as they attempted to flee. In the morning the rangers discovered about six hundred scalps hanging upon poles over the doors of the wigwams, that the Indians had taken, and also found great quantities of plunder from the English settlements. These were taken; about two hundred Indians were killed, and the whole village" laid in ashes. Among the articles brought away were two hundred guineas, a silver image, weighing ten pounds, and a large quantity of wam pum and clothing. The rangers also rescued five English pris oners, and took twenty Indians captive. In this fight it is related that Lieut. Jacob Farrington, of Andover, Massachusetts, and Benjamin Bradley, of Rumford — two of the stoutest men of their time — headed one of Rogers' parties. Coming to the door of the house, where the dance had taken place, they pushed against it so violently that the hinges broke, and Bradley fell in ?Jacob Hoyt, Esq., says that in this party were Phineas Virgin, Joseph Eastman, (called deacon.) and Moses Eastman. 13 194 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. head-foremost among the sleeping Indians. Before they could make resistance, all the Indians in the room were killed. In returning, wearied, exhausted, cold and almost destitute of pro visions from this expedition, the rangers struck Connecticut river, in the month of November, at the upper Cob's, which they mis took for the lower Cob's. Here they parted. Bradley took a point of compass which, from the lower Coos, would have brought him to the Merrimack ; but at the upper Coos, would bring him out near the White Hills. He remarked on starting that if he was in his full strength, he would be at his father's house in three days. He started, tradition says, with a party of four or five men, but they never reached home. It is supposed they all perished with hunger and cold amid the snows of the wilderness. In the following spring a party of hunters found the bones of a man in Jefferson, near the White Hills. Near by were three half burnt brands piled together, and a quantity of silver broaches and wampum lay scattered about. The hair was long, and tied with a ribbon such as Bradley wore. No arms were with him, nor any signs of his companions.* Bradley was only twenty-one years of age. Mr. Jacob Hoit relates that his uncle, Stephen Hoit, was with Bradley when they started from upper Coos, and that the follow ing-spring some clothes and other things were found on an island in the Winnepissiogee lake. Among them was a snuff-box, marked Stephen Hoit, found by Capt. Archelaus Miles, of Canterbury. David Evans, of Rumford, was one of the rangers who was in the fight at St. Francis. He was a sergeant, and led a party from upper Cob's down the Connecticut to Number Four. He stated that the rangers at times suffered every hardship which men could endure ; that one night, while the men of his party were asleep in the camp, his own cravings for food were so in supportable, that he awoke from a sleep, and seeing a large knapsack belonging to one of his comrades, opened it, in hopes of finding something to satisfy his hunger ; that he found in it three human heads ; that he cut a piece from one of them, broiled and ate it, while the men continued to sleep ; but said that he * See Rem. of French War and Stark's Life, app., p. 160, 161. FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS. 195 would sooner die of hunger than do the like again. He observed " that when their distresses were greatest, they hardly deserved the name of human beings." * Nathaniel Eastman, fourth son of Capt. Ebenezer, was in the battle fought at Lake George, in September, 1755, between Gen. Johnson's forces on the one side, and the French Baron Dieskau's troops and Indians on the other. Mr. Eastman was in Col. Williams' regiment of twelve hundred men, who, nearly surrounded by the French, fought with the utmost desperation. Eastman was wounded in the knee. He, however, continued to fire at the enemy, till he was left almost alone by the retreat of the advanced guards. He then limped through the woods, and joined his company. Gen. Dieskau was wounded and taken prisoner. He praised the valor of Johnson's troops, saying, " that in the morning they fought like brave boys ; at noon, like men ; but in the afternoon like devils ! " f Stilson Eastman, a grandson of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, was a ranger under Lieut. John Stark, and was in the bloody fight near Ticonderoga, in January, 1757 : when Major Rogers was twice wounded, and the command devolved on Lieut. Stark. Eastman said that on receiving his second wound, Major Rogers advised a retreat ; but Stark, taking the command, declared he would shoot the first man that fled, and that he would fight the - enemy till dark ; and then, if necessary, retreat. While Stark was speaking, a ball broke the lock of his gun ; at the same time, observing a Frenchman fall, he sprang forward, seized his gun, returned to his place, and continued the fight. At Crown Point Gen. Amherst had command of the army. The General was so fond of milk that he kept a cow in camp, which had liberty to run at large, to find the best feeding ground. It so happened after a while that the cow was missing, and could not be found ; soldiers were sent in various directions, but could not find her. At length Eastman was sent with others, and he found her, to the great joy of the General, who, as a reward, ordered Eastman's canteen to be filled. Eastman at this was as well pleased as the General, for no one loved the good crater * Rem. of French War and Stark's Life, app., p. 163. f Reminiscences of French War, app., p. 143. 196 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. better than he. The cow had strayed away into a piece of meadow, where she found good feed. Well, for the sake of get ting the good crater, he occasionally drove the cow to the same by-place, where no one could find her but himself, and whenever he brought in the cow he got his pay in the canteen.* John Shute and Joseph Eastman, both from Rumford, be longed to Rogers' rangers. They were mess-mates through the French war, equally distinguished for their enterprise, hardihood and trustworthiness. John was the son of Jacob Shute, and Eastman, born May 20, 1720, was probably a nephew of Capt. Ebenezer, and son of Joseph, of Salisbury. In 1760, General Amherst, at Crown Point, wished to send despatches to General Murray, at Quebec — the distance through the wilderness being estimated at five hundred miles. Major Rogers was directed to select men to bear the despatches ; and on account of the difficult and dangerous nature of the service, a reward of fifty pounds was offered to any four who would volunteer to perform it. Sergeant Beverly, who had been a prisoner of war, and escaped from Canada the preceding year, with John Shute, Joseph East man and Luxford Goodwin, volunteered for the hazardous en terprise. - Having received particular instructions and orders from Major Rogers, as to the route, they took the despatches, and also nu merous letters from officers at Crown Point to their friends in Quebec, and first proceeded under a convoy to Missisqui Bay. Thence they were to travel on foot to Quebec, taking the route by St. Francis, which the rangers under Rogers had travelled the year before. In relating the incidents of this journey, as Mr. Shute often did, in after life,f he says : With these instructions, they left the Bay, and proceeding many days through wet, marshy grounds, where they could scarcely find a dry spot to encamp upon at night, they reached the St. Francis one Sunday morning, striking the river just above a rapid. They now consulted whether it was better for them to disobey orders, and cross immediately, or to wait until night. They came to a conclusion that * Tradition by Jonathan Eastman, Esq. For further notice of Stilson Eastman, see Bio graphical Chapter. t This account was taken down form Mr. Shute's lips, by Samuel A. Kimball, Esq., about the year 1820. FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS. 197 they were far enough from the army to be their own masters, and determined to cross the river as soon as possible. For this purpose, they collected a quantity of driftwood and constructed two rafts, at some distance above the falls, in order that two of the party might first cross, and if they found no cause of alarm, notify the others to follow, with the letters. By casting lots, it fell upon Shute and Eastman to cross first, who immediately pushed off; but as they had no better instruments than poles with which to work the raft, the current proving stronger than they expected, carried them some distance down stream, and they saved themselves by leaping upon a rock, just at the head of the falls, against the point of which their raft struck. They saved their guns and knapsacks, with all their provisions and ammunition. After reconnoitering, and finding no traces of the enemy, they called to the others to come over, warning them to attempt the passage higher up the stream ; but, not sufficiently regarding this caution, their raft was suffered to enter the current, where it soon became unmanageable. Finding that they must go over the falls, they threw down their poles and cried for mercy. Shute and Eastman told them to throw off their clothes and sit down, which they did ; and the raft went down the rapids. From a tree which overlooked the stream, Shute and his companion watched their descent, as they alternately appeared and disappeared, passing through a rapid of nearly an eighth of a mile in extent. They then ran down to the foot of the fall, when they found Beverly climbing up the bank, and Goodwin clinging to a press of driftwood, whom they extricated from his per ilous situation. By this disaster, two of the party had lost their arms, clothing, and provisions, together with all the letters. Shute and Eastman here divided their clothing and provisions with the other two, and the whole party again consulted as to the expediency of going forward, or returning. They considered that if they should fall into the enemy's hands without their papers, they would be in danger of being hanged as spies ; and if they went back Kogers would call them cowards, and traitors, who had made up a false and improbable account, to excuse their own imbecility. They con cluded rather to take their chance of the cruelty of the enemy, than meet the reproaches of Rogers, and proceeded on their journey. From this place they proceeded through a wet, swampy country, with scarcely any provisions for several days, until one Sunday morning, when they heard the sound of a bell. They followed the sound, and came in sight of people going to a Catholic Chapel. Concealing themselves until the services had commenced, and all was quiet, they entered a house whose occupants were at church, helped themselves to provisions and clothing, and retired. From this they followed a foot path into the woods, which, at a quarter of a mile's distance, brought them to a log house, against the gable end of which a ladder rested, leading to a door fastened with a padlock, which, breaking open with their hatchets, they discovered a large chest, filled with female clothing of the richest quality. 198 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. Helping' themselves to a share of the plunder,* they pursued their march in the woods, avoiding all roads, until nearly night, when they ventured again to approach the settlements. After the village people had retired to rest, they entered a barn in quest of a hog for provi sion. As they opened the door, a calf ran out, which they • killed and divided into four parts. Then proceeding to the garden of a gentleman's house, they rifled it of what vegetables they had occa sion for, and after doing all the mischief they could in the garden, it being part of the rangers' creed to do their enemies all the damage in their power, retreated. Retiring with their booty about four miles into the woods, they kindled a fire, refreshed themselves with part of their provision, dried the remainder in the smoke, and made mocca sins of the skin. Pursuing their march three or four days, they ascended a high hill, the top of which exhibited memorials of an Indian encampment the winter before. From this eminence they saw, for the first time, the river St. Law rence, and a large encampment of regular troops upon the bank. This was about twenty miles above Quebec. The party were here in doubt whether the troops were French or English ; but sergeant Beverly determined, against the consent of the others, that he would ascertain whether they were friends or foes ; and, if foes, would make a signal, that they might take care of themselves. His companions watched his progress, saw him stopped by the sentinel, and after a moment's pause, enter the camp, where several officers shook hands with him ; upon this, they all followed and were received with open arms by the English. After stating their business to the com mander, he put them on board a boat,- to proceed to head quarters at Quebec, where they arrived at midnight, and were conducted to Gen eral Murray's kitchen. There they slept upon the floor until morn ing, when they were severally conducted into a large hall, lined with mirrors, in which were about one hundred officers. There, says Mr. Shute, "each man received a glass of liquor, such as I have never tasted before nor since, nor have I ever drank any thing so good in my life." After this they were directed to tell their several stories, which, as they had previously agreed upon a statement of facts, coin cided very well, although they were separately examined. The Gen eral and the soldiers made them welcome, and invited them to remain as long as they pleased. After resting a few days they applied to the General for leave to return, who told them to wait a few days longer, and they should move with the army toward Mont real, and that he would give them four guineas each, extra pay. They did so, and joined their own corps at Montreal, in September. Rogers arriving soon after there, they witnessed the surrender of Canada, September 8, 1760. General Murray is represented by Mr. Shute as a small, active old gentleman, prompt and decisive in all his movements, and a great * Shute made himself a frock of one of the gowns, and brought home another, of the finest silk. FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS. 199 favorite with the soldiers. While he commanded the garrison at Quebec, after the surrender of that city to the English, some time before his advance to Montreal, Monsieur Levi made an attempt to recapture Quebec. Gen. Murray advanced to meet him at Sillery, with three thousand men ; a severe action took place, and the Eng lish were driven back to the city, which they defended against the subsequent siege of the French General ; who, after several attacks and ineffectual cannonade, drew off his troops, and retired toward Montreal. After the war, Mr. Shute was accustomed to go on hunting excursions to the northern parts of New-Hampshire and Maine, accompanied only by his dog. One day,* when the snow was on the ground, he discovered that a catamount was on his track; and knowing, from the habits of the animal, that he would be likely to have an encounter, he went immediately to his camp and built a large fire, so that the catamount could not reach him without passing through the fire. Shute and his dog then lay down in the camp. The catamount soon made his ap pearance before tho camp, and walked forward and back several times, growling frightfully. At length he stood up on his hind legs, and screamed terribly ; (as Mr. Shute expressed it, " yelled like a sarpent ;") jumped through the fire into the camp, seized the dog, and turned to jump out. At that instant Mr. Shute discharged his gun into the bowels of the beast, which fell dead upon the fire. The dog was so injured by the teeth of the cata mount and the fire, that he could do but little service afterward. At one time Mr. Shute brought home furs from a hunting excur sion, sufficient, with the additional value of a heifer, to build him a barn. One of the double-spring steel traps which he used in hunting beaver is now in the possession of his nephew, Moses Shute, Esq. A sword which he owned was also preserved for many years by the same gentleman, but was taken from his house by some person unknown, and all trace of it lost.f "BILL PHILLIPS." One of Rogers' rangers, who spent several years of his life in Concord, was William Phillips, called lieutenant, and familiarly known as "Bill Phillips." He was part Indian — his father * Tradition, as related by Rev. Ephraim Abbot, who heard the story from Mr. Shute himself. t See further account in obituary notice of John Shute, 1829. 200 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. being of French or Dutch extraction. He came from the region of Albany, and enlisted in Rogers' company in 1755 ; soon after became a sergeant, and after the battle on Lake Champlain, January 21, 1757, he received a lieutenant's commission, which was signed by the Earl of Loudon.* In the bloody fight at Lake George, March 13, 1758, when Phillips and his company of about twenty men were nearly surrounded by about three hun dred Indians, he said to Rogers, " if the enemy would give good quarters, he thought it best to surrender ; otherwise he would fight while he had one man left to fire a gun ! " He and his party were all taken, and then fastened to trees by the Indians, for the purpose of being shot or hewn to pieces. Phillips got one hand loose, took a knife from his pocket, which he opened with his teeth, cut the strings that bound him, and escaped, f He was in the fight at St. Francis, in 1759. On retreating from that place, he had command of a small party, which, one tradi tion says, separated from Lieut. Benjamin Bradley, at the " Upper Coos ;" Phillips following the Connecticut river down as far as Haverhill, or " Lower Coos ;" — thence he and his party struck across till they reached the Merrimack river, which they followed, and arrived safely at Rumford. But, on the other hand, the late Mr. Isaac Shute says : " My father, John Shute, always said that Lieut. Phillips led a party from St. Francis to Crown Point, and that he afterwards came to Concord." This agrees with what Rogers says in a note to his journal, (p. 94,) after the fight at St. Francis : " Upon our separation on the shores of Memphremagog lake, some of the parties were ordered to make Crown Point, that being the best route for hunting. One party, conducted by Phillips, an Indian, * * * * reached home without the loss of a man — returning by the route which I went to St. Francis." On the way, however, the party sub sisted on bark and buds of trees ; chewed the straps of their knapsacks, powder-horns and pouches, and some fed upon lumps of tallow. They were reduced to such extremity that they determined to kill and eat a captive boy they had brought from * " This commission," says Hon. C. E, Potter, *{ I have seen a hundred times ; yes, per haps a thousand times ; for it was the first I ever saw, and I used to creep slyly to Uncle Phillips' drawer, get it and peruse it with an eager curiosity." t Tradition. FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS. 201 St. Francis, but fortunately shot a muskrat, which, cooked and divided among them, appeased for a time the gnawings of hunger.* After the French war, Phillips lived for some time in Rum ford ; formed an acquaintance with Miss Eleanor Eastman, daughter of Ebenezer Eastman, jr., whom he married on & forged license. Tradition says that the marriage took place in Lieut. John Chandler's tavern, which is the identical building now occupied by Mr. Cyrus Farrar, as a silk dye-shop in the East Village. Instead of the parish minister, the marriage service was performed by a justice of the peace — Samuel Fowler, Esq., of Boscawen.f Phillips and his wife lived together a while in a small house which stood on the corner opposite Mr. John M. Dearborn's store. They had one son. About the year 1784 Phillips' wife left him and joined the Shakers at Canterbury, who had held meetings or " dances" as they were called, at Phillips' house, in which his wife joined ; but Phillips said he " couldn't dance, and would not join." He afterward led a roving, unsettled life — fishing, hunting and stealing ; sometimes working at the blacksmith's trade, of which he knew a little, and at other times working at days' labor. He lived a while with his wife's brother, Stilson Eastman, but at length became a pau per, and, according to usage of the times, was " bid off," to be supported at the town charge. He lived several years in the family of Richard Potter, of Anthony Potter, of Joseph Potter, and of Ebenezer Tenney, on the Loudon road. At length it was discovered by the selectmen that Phillips had once resided in Northfield, as a blacksmith, where he had gained " a residence ;" and he was put upon that town, where he died about the year 1819, supposed to be nearly a hundred years of age. Phillips' wife, Eleanor Eastman, died at the Shaker settlement in Canter bury, November 17, 1816, aged seventy.^ * Tradition, as related by C. E. Potter. fThis Esq. Fowler was a Quaker. In 1750 he entered his protest against paying the min ister of Boscawen, " not from personal dislike, but for conscience sake." Esteemed Friend: t Shakeb V.llace, N. H., October 10, 1853. Eleanor Eastman died of consumption, November 17, 1816, aged seventy years. She lived in Concord, near the fort, and was once married to a man by the name of Phillips. She resumed her maiden name after she united with the society of Shakers. Miriam Eastman, sister of Eleanor, died of dropsy, June 1, 1813, aged fifty-seven years. She was never married. With perfect respect, Rev. N'. Boiitok, Concord, N. H. David Pabkeb. 202 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. Daniel Abbot, son of Dea. George, enlisted in March, 1759, then not quite twenty-one years of age. He was breaking flax in his father's barn, in the forenoon, when a recruiting officer came along, and he enlisted, unknown to his parents, and went away to the rendezvous at one of the garrisons at the north end of Main street. Being soon missed, his friends feared he had been taken off by the Indians ; but, as he •returned at night, their fears were allayed. Soon after, he marched with his corps to join the army at Quebec. Arriving at or near the Canada line, they judged from the appearance of the country that a large body of Indians was in the vicinity. The company to which he belonged was sent out on a scout, and stopped for the night ; but the commander ordered every man to Btand upon his feet with his gun in his hands, ready for action in case of neces sity. " About noon, next day," Mr. Abbot used to relate, " on our way back to the army, the captain, not perceiving any danger, gave orders to have us form into two ranks and lie down to rest about an hour. We soon fell into a sound sleep ; and, while quietly reposing, the captain hallooed, and waking up, we saw two Indians and two Frenchmen standing in about the middle of the two ranks, with their tomahawks and knives ready to commence the work of death ; but we sprung upon our feet and made prisoners of them. They were surly and stubborn, and the captain gave orders to shoot them through if either of them stepped out of the ranks." One day Daniel's turn came to go on a scout with another man. The night before he dreamed that he saw the Indians roasting meat and dancing and whooping around him. In the morning he told the man who was to accompany him that, ac cording to his dream and the dream-book, he should be taken by the Indians that day. " Well," said the man, " if you are taken /shall not be taken." When ready to start the man drank health to Daniel. About noon, as pigeons were flying very plenty, the man said — " Come, let us sit down and rest, and shoot a few pigeons for our dinner." In about five minutes afterward, the Indians fired and hallooed. Daniel ran for an old windfall, where he thought he might hide and then run back to the army ; but, as he jumped over it, four Indians seized him and led him FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS. 203 back to his comrade, who was shot in the thigh. The poor fellow cried and begged for his life, but the Indians killed, scalped, stripped him, and left the body naked on the ground. Daniel was taken to the Indian village, where he met several of his acquaintances, prisoners, who said — "Daniel, we are glad to see you, but not to see you here." The old Indian chief, who had lost a son, adopted Daniel and treated him well. Sometimes he would be sent out to work ; but he pretended not to know how to work — saying "he was a minister's son and never learned how to work." At one time they told him to cut down a large tree that shaded the corn. He hacked it down after a long while, but it fell into the corn-field. When hoeing corn he hoed up corn and weeds together. While a prisoner he was a witness to the savage barbarity of the Indians. Several English prisoners were killed by torture. The Indians dug holes in the earth about three feet deep, put their victims in, pressing them down, and then filled up the holes with dirt till they were suffocated. Some they stuck full of splinters of pitch-wood and set them on fire. Others had logs piled up near them and set on fire, and were roasted to death. Some were jointed, as they called it — that is, they begun at one of the httle toes, and cut off one joint a day until all the toes were cut off — something being put on to stop the blood. Next, the fingers were cut off in like manner; then the wrists, &c, till the poor victim died. An old Indian warrior that was taken from the Enghsh was put to death by being roasted alive on a large rock, which was heated for the purpose. Young Abbot remained in captivity about a year ; was then sold, with six or eight others, to the French, and exchanged for French prisoners that had been taken by the English. On their way to the English army they killed a heifer and cut off pieces of meat, but were afraid to stop to cook it until night. Kindling fire at night they placed their meat around it to roast, but they were so overcome by fatigue that they fell asleep, and on awak ing found the meat all burnt up. When they reached the Eng lish army the doctor told them " it was a good hit to them that their meat did burn up ; for, having been without meat or salt so long, you would eat enough to have killed the whole of you." 204 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. Daniel soon afterward returned to his friends in Concord. He settled on a farm on the west side of Long Pond, where his youngest son, Nathan K. Abbot, now fives.* A Mr. Nutter, a soldier in the French war, in returning, came very near starving to death. When he came to Contoocook river, at the Mast Yard, he was so weak that he was unable to walk. He got a few old sticks of what is called drift-wood, and suc ceeding in getting upon them, he floated down the river. When he got below Broad Cove, he crawled from his raft to shore, and then crept perhaps one fourth of a mile, and became exhausted, and laid down by the side of a small bank, and expected to die there ; but some person came along and discovered him, and had him carried to Mr. Enoch Webster's, where he soon after died. The Nutter brook, so called, is upon the farm formerly owned and occupied by Lieut. Ezra Abbot. Mr. Enoch Webster lived near where Capt. Samuel Knowlton's blacksmith shop now stands. Mr. Webster's house was afterward destroyed by fire. ENOCH BISHOP. Extract of a letter from an officer in Charlestown, otherwise called Number Four, in the Province of New-Hampshire, dated Octo ber 4, 1756 : " This day arrived here one Enoch Byshop, an English cap tive -from Canada, who was taken from Contoocook about two years since. He left Canada twenty-six days ago, in company with two other English captives, viz. : William Hair, late of Brookfield, entered into General Shirley's regiment, and taken at Oswego ; the other, (name unknown,) taken from Pennsylva nia. They came away from Canada without gun, hatchet, or fire-works, and with no more than three loaves of bread and four pounds of pork. As they suffered much for want of provisions, his companions were not able to travel any further than a httle on this side Cowass, where he was obliged to leave them last Lord's day, without any sustenance but a few berries. Six men were this evening sent out to look for them, but it is to be feared they perished in the wilderness."! * Family tradiiion, collected by George Abbot, Esq. See further notice of Daniel Abbot in Miscellaneous Chapter — ancient houses, customs, ice. t Copied from the New-York Mercury of October 25, 1756, in the library of the N. Y. Hist. Society, by John L. Sibly. CHAPTER VII. CONTROVERSY WITH BOW. In giving the history of the controversy between the pro prietors of Rumford and of Bow, in regard to the title to their lands, I shall aim to make an impartial statement of facta, with reference to such official documents as are on hand. Long, ex pensive and vexatious as was the litigation at the time, yet, since the settlement of it by the proper judicial authority, there is no further occasion for acrimony on either side. The present inhab itants of both towns — for the most part ignorant of the nature of the contest — are living in good neighborhood, which we trust will never more be interrupted. The reader will bear in mind that Penacook was granted by Massachusetts, January 17, 1725, on the ground of her claim to the lands " lying three miles north of the Merrimack river, from its mouth to the sources thereof." This claim was disputed by New-Hampshire ; and when the surveyors from Haverhill, in May, 1726, came to lay off the lands in Penacook, they were met and warned to desist by a committee from the government of New-Hampshire. May 20, 1727, a grant of a township was made by New-Hampshire to one hundred and seven proprietors and "their associates," bounded as follows: "Beginning on the south-east side of the town of Chichester, and running nine miles by Chichester and Canterbury, and carrying that breadth of nine miles from each of the aforesaid towns, south-west, until the full complement of eighty-one square miles are fully made up, and that the same be a town corporate, by the name of Bow, to the 206 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. persons aforesaid and their associates forever."* This grant, as will be seen by the annexed Plan,t covered .about three fourths of the township of Penacook, and also the greater part of Suncook, or Pembroke, and extended even into Hopkinton.J The Associates composed the government of New-Hampshire, viz. : His Excellency and Honorable Samuel Shute, Esq., and John Wentworth, Esq., each of them five hundred acres of land and a home lot ; Col. Mark Hunking, Col. Walton, George Jaf- frey, Richard Wibird, Col. Shad. Westbrook, Archibald McPhea- dres, John Frost, Jotham Odiorne, Esquires,§ each a proprietor's share ; Peter Wear, John Plaisted, James Davis, John Gilman, Andrew Wiggin, Capt. John Downing, Capt. John Gillman, Samuel Tibbets, Paul Gerrish, Ens. Ephraim Dennet, John San- burn, Theodore Atkinson, Ebenezer Stevens, Richard Jennes, Capt. William Fellows, James Jeffery, Joseph Loverin, Daniel Loverin, Zah. Hanahford, Joseph Wiggin, Pierce Long.|| To * See Documents for Chap. VII., No. 1. t EXPLANATION OF THE ANNEXED PLAN. 1 Rumford — laid out by Massachusetts, seven miles square and one hundred rods on the south, is represented by thick black lines. 2. Suncook — laid out also by Massachusetts, south of Rumford, is on both sides of the river. 3. Bow — laid out by New-Hampshire, represented by double lines — nine miles square, and is apparent on the plan — covering, like a wide sheet, nearly the whole territory, both of Rumford and Suncook. 4. The dotted line on the east represents the "three miles north of the Merrimack river" claimed by Massachusetts. 5. Canterbury, Chichester, Epsom and Bow, were all granted by New-Hampshire, May 20, 1727, as is believed, without previous actual survey. 83" Tho Flak — although not drawn with perfect accuracy — i» sufficiently clear to show the grounds of the long controversy. X The purambleation of the Lines of the Town of Bow as Surveyed by me, the subscriber, on or about the year 1749. I began at the Reputed Bound of the Town of Chichester, at the head of Notingbam, and from thence run north-west four miles to the head of Epsom ; then there marked a maple tree with the word Bow and sundry Letters, and from said tree, which I called the East Cor ner of said Bow, I run north-west, four miles, to the West Comer of Chichester; y» north east, one mile, to Canterbury South Corner ; then north-west, rive miles, on said Canterbury ; ya south-weBt, nine miles, which runs to north-west of Rattle-snake Hill and most of the Pond that lays on the north-west side of said hill ; and said Line crosses Hopkintown Road, so called, and takes part of said Town in ; then we marked a tree and run south-east, five miles, and marked a tree ; y° one mile south-west ; then south-east, four miles ; yn north east, nine miles, to where we began. Waiteb Betabt. P. S. I crossed Merrimack River within two mile of Canterbury Line, and found all the inhabitance to the south of Canterbury and east of Merrimack which are in Rumford to be in Bow. $ Members of the Council. || Members of the Assembly. PLAN OF RUMFORD AND BOW. 207 208 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. these, sixteen others were added by order of the lieutenant gov ernor and council — making in all, one hundred and forty-four. In 1733 Penacook was incorporated by Massachusetts into a township by the name of Rumford. In 1737 the king deter mined the boundary fine between Massachusetts and New-Hamp shire, so that Rumford fell under the jurisdiction of the latter. After the expiration of the District act, (1748,) a petition was presented by Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., January 24, 1749, to the Governor and Council of New-Hampshire for the incorporation of Rumford by its original bounds* To this a counter petition was presented by the selectmen of Bow, February 7, 1749 -50.f In November, (14,) 1750, a suit was commenced against Dea. John Merrill " by the proprietors of the common and undi vided lands lying and being in the town of Bow," in an action of ejectment, wherein they demand against the said John Merrill eight acres of land, more or less, with the edifices and appurte nances thereof, lying and being in Bow aforesaid."^ This seems to have been the beginning of the litigation — the test of the right of the proprietors of Bow to the lands claimed by them, and included in the original grant of Penacook. Many other suits, it appears, were afterwards instituted; but this against Merrill involved the principle on which all the cases were finally settled. In defending the title to their lands the proprietors of Rum ford had to contend, not so much with individual inhabitants of Bow as with the government of New-Hampshire ; for most of the original " proprietors " of Bow had forfeited their rights by non-fulfilment of the conditions, and the township had fallen into the hands of the " associates," who, as before observed, consti tuted the civil authority of the Province. Hence it was that an impartial trial seemed impossible ; for the government was itself, for the most part, the tribunal before which the case was tried — judges, jurors, counsellors, and all, were in the New-Hampshire interest. Happily the proprietors of Rumford were united in their pur pose to maintain and defend their rights, and to " stand by" each other at whatever cost and sacrifice through the contest. Hence, *Doc. No. 2, A. t Doc No. 2, B. J Doc. No. 3. CONTROVERSY WITH BOW. 209 ¦ April 23, 1750, they Voted, " That the proprietors will be at the cost of defending John Merrill, one of said proprietors, in the action brought against the said John by the proprietors of Bow, for the recovery of part of said John's homestead : provided, said John Merrill shall pursue and defend said action agreeable to the orders of said proprietors." Also, Voted, " That the pro prietors will be at the cost and charge of supporting and defend ing the just right and claim of any of said Proprietors or their grantees, to any and every part of said township of Rumford, against any person or persons that shall bring a writ of trespass and ejectment for the recovery of any of said lands : provided the said proprietors or grantees that shall be trespassed upon, or that shall be sued, shall pursue and defend their rights or claims agreeable to the orders of said proprietors of Rumford." At the same time, Capt. John Chandler, Col. Benjamin Rolfe, Lieut. Jeremiah Stickney, Mr. Ebenezer Virgin, and Dr. Ezra Carter, or the major part of them, were appointed a committee for said proprietors, " to advise and order Dea. John Merrill how he shall pursue and defend the action brought against said Mer rill by the proprietors of Bow ; also, to advise and order any other person or persons that shall be sued or shall sue in order to support and defend their rights or claims, what method they shall pursue for the purposes aforesaid." * In order to meet the expenses incurred on these suits, in subsequent years, till the settlement of the controversy, the proprietors, from time to time, ordered the sale of " so much of their common and undivided lands " as would be necessary for the purpose.f In 1760 sundry of the proprietors gave their notes, for <£15 * Proprietors' Records. t At a meeting of the proprietors, June 28, 1759, Capt. John Chandler, Ezra Carter, Esq., Mr. Ebenezer Virgin, and Mr. Joseph Hall, were appointed a committee " to lay out and sell so much of the common and undivided lands as shall be sufficient to raise a sum of fif teen hundred Spanish dollars, over and above the cost and charge of laying out, selling and recording said lands — said sum to be applied for the defence of the said proprietors' title to their township, against the claims which any person or persons shall or may lay to the same or any part thereof, either in any of His Majesty's courts of justice in this Province, or in forwarding of an appeal to His Majesty in Council, according to such directions as said pro prietors have or may give." March 13, 1758, Mr. Joseph Hall, Mr. Ebenezer Eastman and Mr. Peter Coffin, were ap pointed " a committee to dispose of so much Iron Ore belonging to the proprietors as they shall think proper for the benefit of said proprietors." 14 210 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. each, as security or indemnity for expense of agents employed by them ; which, however, were afterwards recovered. And in 1766, before the final adjustment of the controversy, they agreed and voted to raise £400 sterling, and a committee was appointed " to apportion said sum on the proprietors and their grantees." In the course of the trial various depositions were obtained, showing the preoccupancy of the lands by inhabitants of Rum ford, even before the grant of Bow was made. Bichard Hazzen deposed, December 14, 1752, that he surveyed the house and home-lots in Penacook in May, 1726 ; and again another divis ion of lands in May, 1727 ; and " that there were near fifty of the proprietors at work there, or persons whom they hired, dur ing the time he was laying out said lands." Edward Abbot deposed,* " that on 8th of May, 1727, he, with many others, set out from Andover on their journey to a new township called Penacook, in order to erect a house which had been some time before begun, which was designed by the settlers for a meeting house for the public worship of God ; that about the same time, in said month, a considerable number of settlers — about forty — went up to the said place, and that John Merrill, one of the said settlers, moved his family up to the said plantation in June, 1730, having made considerable improvements there the three preced ing years." Mr. Abbot also deposed and said, that " he had been well acquainted with the circumstances of the plantation of Penacook from its first settlement to this day, and that he never knew any of the proprietors of Bow, as such, their agents or delegates, settle upon, manure, or occupy any part of the said township or plantation." Jacob Shute deposed, " that in the fall of the year 1727 he assisted in moving up the first family that settled at Penacook ; that he then found a meeting-house built, considerable hay cut and cured, and corn planted, and that in the month of June, 1730, John Merrill moved his family up to the said plantation, having made considerable improvements there in the three preceding years." Joseph Abbot deposed, " that some time in the month of April, 1727, he went to Penacook, and assisted in felling and hewing timber for a meeting-house ; that there were then eighteen persons assisting in said business ; * Original deposition, among papers of the late Rev. Timothy Walker. CONTROVERSY WITH BOW. 211 and that during their stay there they turned their horses to some stacks of hay said to be cut there by some of the admitted set tlers the year before ; and that John Merrill, one of the admitted settlers, was at Penacook in the month of May, and worked some on said house, and some at clearing of land." " The deponent further saith, that he is well knowing that from this time the plantation increased so fast, that in the fall of the year 1730 there was a church gathered and a minister ordained." Jere miah Kimball made a similar deposition. While the trial of this case was going on, a warrant was issued by the government of New-Hampshire, May 30, 1753, for raising an assessment of sixty pounds on all polls and estates ratable by law within the township of Bow ; and another warrant, July 26, 1753, for raising thirty-one pounds, four shillings, to be collected and paid in on or before the 25th of December next ensuing.* The persons on whom these taxes were to be assessed, were, with perhaps three or four exceptions, inhabitants of Rum ford. Up to this time a town-meeting had never been held by the inhabitants of Bow proper ; and on the 30th of June, 1753, a special act was passed, appointing Daniel Pierce, Esq., to warn *The tax was to be paid "in bills of credit, according to their several denominations, or in coined silver at six shillings, eight pence per ounce, Troy weight, of sterling alloy, or in coined gold at four pounds, eighteen shillings per ounce ; or in the following sorts and species of goods, being of the produce or manufactures of said Province, at the price to each sort and specie herein respectively affixed, namely : Merchantable hemp, per cwt., JE2 15 0 Winter and first fare Isle Sable cod-fish, per quintal, .... 0 15 0 Turpentine, per barrel, 1 10 0 Tanned sole leather, 160 Bar iron, per cwt., 200 Barley, per bushel, 040 Indian corn, per bushel, 040 Beef, per lb 003 Merchantable white pine boards, per M., 2 5 0 Beeswax, per lb., 016 Pitch, per barrel 150 Bayberry wax, per lb., 013 Tar, per barrel, 100 Flax, per lb 010 Rye, per bushel 050 Wheat, per bushel, 060 Peas, per bushel, 080 Pork, per lb., 004 Joist, per M., 200 White oak two inch plank, per M., 8 0 0" 212 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. and call a meeting of the inhabitants of Bow — the preamble to said act setting forth that " the inhabitants had never held a meeting as a town."f The meeting was accordingly notified and held, July 25, 1753. But unexpected difficulties were here encountered, properly set forth in the following petition, October 26, 1753. PROVINCE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. To His Excellency Benning Wentworth, Esq., Captain General, Governor, &c. : We, the subscribers, humbly beg leave to inform your Excellency and Honors, that at a meeting of the freeholders and inhabitants of the town of Bow, in said Province, held the 25th day of July last past, pursuant to a special act of this General Assembly for the call* ing said meeting, we were chosen selectmen for said town for this current year ; and that since that time we have received two several warrants from this Province treasurer — the first dated May 30th, 1753, and the other dated the 26th day of July, 1753 — by the first of which we are commanded in His Majesty's name to assess the sum of sixty pounds on said inhabitants, and by the other the sum of thirty-one pounds, four shillings; — and though we are ready, [and that with cheerfulness,] to obey every order of government, yet that we are at a loss as to the boundaries of said Bow, and consequently do not know who the inhabitants are that we are to assess said Eums upon. That the proprietors of Bow, in running out the bounds of said town, have, as we conceive, altered their bounds several times ; and further, that one of those gentlemen that purchased Capt. Tuf- ton Mason's right to the lands in said Province, has given it as his opinion that said proprietors have not as yet run out the bounds of said town agreeable to their charter, but that their southeast side line should be carried up about three quarters of a mile further toward the northwest ; and there is lately [by his order,] a fence erected along some miles near about said place, designed, [as we suppose,] as a division fence between said Bow and land yet claimed by said purchasera. And that, on the other hand, the inhabitants of Pennycook, for merly erected into a district by a special act of the General Assembly of this Province, [though they object nothing against submitting to order of Government,] refuse to give us an invoice of their estates, [that is, such of them as we have asked for the same,] alleging that they do not lay in Bow, and that this said Assembly did as good as declare in said district act. So that, upon the whole, we humbly conceive, [unless the pleasure of this court is first made known relating to the aforesaid affairs,] that should we proceed to assess the aforesaid sums on such as we may have conceived are the inhabitants of said Bow, that many would t See Act on record in Secretary's office. CONTROVERSY WITH BOW. 213 refuse to pay the sums that should be so assessed on them, and con sequently thatwe should be thrown into so many law suits, as would, in all probability, ruin us as to our estates. Therefore we humbly crave that your Excellency and Honors would take the aforesaid affairs under your wise and mature consideration, and fix the bound aries of said Bow, or otherwise give us such directions as you shall think proper. And so submitting the whole affair to your Excel lency and Honors to do as you in your great wisdom shall think fit, not doubting that you will give us such directions as, if followed by us, we may obey the commands laid on us by this court without the least detriment, to ourselves. And your petitioners, as in duty bound, shall ever pray. Bow, October ye 26th, 1753. moses foster, John Coffin, Richard Eastman, David Abbot, William Moor, Selectmen. [The House granted a hearing on the 31st of January, and on petition deferred it till the Friday after the 20th, 1754.] The next step, February 12, 1753, on the part of the inhab itants of Rumford, was to appoint Rev. Timothy Walker and Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., to represent " to the King's most Excel lent Majesty in Council, the manifold grievances they labored under,* by reason of the law suits commenced against them by the proprietors of Bow, and by being for several years past deprived of all corporation privileges :" in August following, a petition was preferred to the Massachusetts government, repre senting their grievances and asking " such relief as in their great wisdom they should see fit to grant." In answer to which latter petition one hundred pounds were granted. Deputed as an agent for the proprietors of Rumford, Rev. Mr. Walker sailed for England in the fall of 1753,f and presented *Doc. No. 4, AandB. t" Whereas the Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker, of Rumford, one of our brethren, has informed us that he has some thoughts of going to England, and has desired a recommendation from us, we do hereby signify and declare that be is not only a gentleman of a liberal education, but a worthy and regular minister of ye gospel, and a member of this convention ; and we do hereby freely and heartily recommend him to the charity and good esteem of all our Chris tian friends and brethren in England. Voted, That the moderator and clerk sign the above within recommendation in the name of the convention." — Records of Convention of New-Hampshire Ministers, Hampton-Falls, Octo ber 9, 1753. 214 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. " to the King's most Excellent Majesty in Council," the following petition, drawn up, as appears, by himself, every word of which should be read. A PETITION OF TIMOTHY WALKER AND COL. ROLFE TO THEIR MOST GRACIOUS SOVEREIGN. To the King's Most Excellent Majesty in Council : The petition of Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., and Timothy Walker, clerk, inhabitants of a town called Rumford, in the Province of New- Hampshire, in New-England, for themselves, and in behalf and at the request of the other inhabitants of said, town, most humbly sheweth — That the lands contained in said town of Rumford were granted by the government of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay, in the year 1725, and were supposed, according to the construction of the Massachusetts Charter and the determination of His Majesty King Charles the Second, in 1677, to lay wholly within the said Province, though bounded on New-Hampshire, seeing no part of said lands extended more than three miles from the river Merrimack towards New-Hampshire. Your petitioners and their predecessors very soon engaged in bringing forward the settlement of the above granted lands, though in the midst of the Indian country, and near thirty miles beyond any English plantation, and have defended themselves more at their own cost than at the charge of the public, through the late war with ye French and Indians ; and from a perfect wilderness, where not one acre of land had ever been improved, they have made a considerable town, consisting of more than eighty houses, and as many good farms; and your humble petitioner, Timothy Walker, was regularly ordained the minister of the church and parish in said town in the year 1730, and has continued there ever since. Your petitioners beg leave further to represent to your Majesty, that at the time of the aforesaid grant they had no apprehension that their bounds would ever be controverted by the Province of New-Hampshire ; but it has so happened that by your Majesty's late determination of ye boundary line between y6 two Provinces, the whole of the aforesaid township falls within the province of New- Hampshire. Soon after the aforesaid determination, your petitioners made their humble application to your Majesty in Council, that they might be restored to your Province of the Massachusetts Bay, which your Majesty was pleased to disallow ; but your humble petitioners have dutifully submitted to the government of your Majesty's Prov ince of New-Hampshire ever since they have been under it, and with so much the greater cheerfulness because they were well informed your Majesty had been graciously pleased to declare that however the jurisdiction of the two governments might be altered, yet that the private property should not be affected thereby. ' But notwithstanding this your Majesty's most gracious declaration, CORTROVERSY WITH BOW. 215 your poor petitioners have for several years past been grievously ha rassed by divers persons under color of a grant made by the govern ment and council of New-Hampshire in the year 1727, to sundry persons and their successors, now called the Proprietors of Bow. Your petitioners further humbly represent, that the said grant of Bow was not only posterior to that of Rumford, but is likewise ex tremely vague and uncertain as to its bounds, and its being very doubtful whether it was the intent of the Governor and Council of New-Hampshire that it should infringe upon the Massachusetts grant of Rumford ; and notwithstanding the grant of Bow has now been made so many years, there are but three or four families settled upon it,. and those since the end of the late French war; the proprietors choosing rather to distress your petitioners by forcing them out of the valuable improvements they and their predecessors have made at the expense of their blood and treasure, than to be at the charge of making any themselves. But your petitioners' greatest misfortune is, that they cannot have a fair, impartial trial, for that the Governor and most of ye Council are proprietors of Bow, and by them not only ye judges are appointed, but also ye officers that impannels ye jury, and the people also are generally disaffected, to your petitioners on account of their deriving their titles from the Massachusetts ; and all the actions that have hitherto been brought are of so small value, and, as your petitioners apprehend, designed so that by a law of the Province there can be no appeal from the judgments of the courts to your Majesty in Council ; and if it were otherwise the charges that would attend such appeals would be greater than the value of the -land, or than the party defending his title would be able to pay ; and without your Majesty's gracious interposition your petitioners must be com pelled to give up their estates, contrary to your Majesty's favorable interposition in their behalf. Your petitioners further beg leave humbly to represent, that, while they were under the government of Massachusetts Bay, they enjoyed town privileges by an act specially made for that purpose in the year 1733, and expressly approved of by your Majesty in the year 1737; but the utmost they could obtain since their being under New-Hamp shire has been the erecting them into a district for a short term only ; which term, having expired near four years ago, they have been with out any town privileges ever since, notwithstanding their repeated applications to the Governor and Council ; and they are not able to raise any moneys for the support of their minister, and the necessary charges of their school and poor, and other purposes ; nor have they had any town officers for the upholding government and order, as all other towns in both the Provinces of New-Hampshire and the Massachusetts Bay usually have. Under these our distresses we make our most humble application to your Majesty, the common father of your subjects, however remote, entreating your gracious interposition in our behalf; and that your Majesty would be pleased to appoint disinterested, judicious persons to hear and determine our cause, that so we may have a fair and impartial trial, and that the 216 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. expense which otherwise must attend the multiplied law suits, as they are now managed, may be prevented, or that your Majesty would be pleased to grant us such other relief as to your great wisdom and goodness shall seem meet ; and your most humble petitioners, as in duty bound, shall ever pray. [Within presented in 1753.] While in England the first time, Mr. Walker succeeded so far as to obtain a hearing of the case before His Majesty, which should take place the ensuing winter. He engaged Sir William Murray, afterward Lord Chief Justice Mansfield, as his counsel or and advocate, with whom, it is said, he formed a particular acquaintance. But it was necessary for him to go again. Ac cordingly, in October, 1754, Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., presented a petition to the General Court of Massachusetts, in which he acknowledges the receipt of one hundred pounds sterling, the previous year, and asks for still further aid. He says, " That the prosecution of the affair thus far has not only exhausted the said grant of this government, but brought your petitioners con siderably into debt ; that they are so impoverished by y° accu mulated charges occasioned by these lawsuits as they have been managed in ye courts of New-Hampshire, as also by y6 troubles from the Indians, which have drove many of them from their habitations, and taken all of them from their husbandry in ye most busie season of ye year, and employed them in building garrisons for y« defence of themselves and families, and also being at great cost during ye absence of their minister to procure a meet per son to administer ye word and ordinances among them ; that they are very unable to furnish their agent with ye monies neces sary to enable him effectually to proceed in the said affair." While the proprietors of Rumford sought pecuniary aid from the government of Massachusetts, the proprietors of Bow also applied for the same purpose to that of New-Hampshire, and obtained a grant of £100 to aid them in carrying on the suit.* In the spring of 1755 Jona. Lovewell was appointed by the General Court of New-Hampshire to warn a town meeting in Bow, 22d of April, for the choice of officers, &c, which he accordingly did, and subsequently made return that he warned the meeting and attended as moderator, at the place and time * Doc. No. 5. CONTROVERSY WITH BOW. 217 appointed ; " but that there was but one inhabitant of said Bow that attended." This apparent disregard of their authority seems to have been resented by the government ; for, at the very next session they passed what was called the " Bow Act," for assess ing and collecting taxes in the refractory town ; in which they set forth " that in contempt of the law, and in defiance of the gov ernment, the said town of Bow refused to meet at the time and place appointed," &c. As a remedy for this it was enacted, " That Ezra Carter and Moses Foster, Esqs., and John Chandler, gentleman — all of said Bow — be assessors to assess the polls and estates within the said town of Bow, * * the sum of five hundred and eighty pounds and sixteen shillings, new tenor bills of public credit. They were required to give ten days' notice before making the assessment, that all persons may have oppor tunity to give in a true list of their polls and ratable estates. Those who refused so to do were to be " doomed" to pay an additional sum to meet costs. Timothy Walker* and John Noyes were appointed collectors, to collect and pay in the sums on their respective lists, " on penalty of forfeiting and paying " the said sums themselves ; and if the assessors should fail or refuse to do their duty, the Province treasurer was authorized and required " to issue his warrant of distress, directed to the sheriff," to levy the said sum of £580 16s. on their goods and chattels and lands ;" and" in want thereof, on their body !" As an encour agement and stimulant to assessors and collectors to do their duty, the former were " entitled to receive, each, £7 10s. new tenor, and the latter £15 new tenor, each." f In February, 1756, the inhabitants of Rumford, feeling them selves oppressed by this act, and " doomed" beyond just measure, petitioned for forbearance and redress of grievances. The peti tion, drawn up by Ezra Carter and John Chandler, set forth : " That one half of the time was elapsed before we had sight of the act, and it wa3 then the most busie season in the whole year, and the cattle on which part of the taxes was to be laid, were out in the woods, and not known whether living or killed by the enemy, which rendered it almost impracticable for us to comply with the letter of the act. For the remedying of these inconveniences, and also in hopes of obtaining some alterations beneficial to us and the people • I suppose, brother of Isaac — not son of the minister, t Se8 Act in Secretary's office. 218 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. we were to tax, we should have addressed the General Assembly long before now, but our distance is such that we seldom hear of the adjournment and prorogations thereof before it is too late ; several times were pitched upon for said purpose, but before they arrived the Assembly was adjourned. And now, having an opportunity to lay the affair before your Excellency and Honours, we humbly hope that you will take our case into your consideration, and in your wisdom and goodness compassionate our circumstances. As to our paying our part of publick charges of the government, we can uprightly answer for ourselves, and have reason to believe that we speak the united sense of the people of Rumford, that we ought to do it, but humbly pray we may have the priviledges of a town or district, viz., to raise money for the maintenance of our minister, school and poor; the repair of highways, &c, for the want of which for several years past the inhabitants there have been great sufferers. That we apprehend we are doomed much beyond our just propor tion of the public charge, which has happened as we conoeive for want of a true list of our poles and estates, which we believe was never laid before the Assembly. That we have been unavoidably subjected to great loss of time almost every year for several years past by disturbances from the Indians, and particularly for the two last years past. About a quarter of our inhabitants have been drove from their settlements during the busie season of the year, and the whole of them obliged to desist from their husbandry, in order to repair their garrisons and provide for the safety of their families. Wherefore your petitioners most humbly pray that their circum stances may be considered, that they and the inhabitants aforesaid may be relieved against the penalties and rigour of said act ; that a proper method may be prescribed to have a true list of the poles and estates aforesaid laid before the General Assembly, so that they may pay no more than their proportion, considering their situation ; that they maynbe incorporated to all the purposes of a town, and that the assessors aforesaid may have a further time allowed to perform the business assigned in assessing and the collectors in levying the sum that shall be finally determined must be paid by said inhabitants. And your petitioners, as in duty bound, shall ever pray. Ezra Carter, John Chandler."* While the inhabitants of Rumford were thus complaining of grievances and struggling with their difficulties, the proprietors of Bow proper became sensible that the controversy in which they were involved was detrimental to their interest, and, to " save the great expense which inevitably attends contention," *This petition was unsuccessful, and was followed by another from Dr. Ezra Carter, July 15, 175', which may be seen in the Secretary's office. CONTROVERSY WITH BOW. 219 they proposed terms of " accommodation and agreement," having respect, however, chiefly to settlers of Suncook.* In 1761 an order was issued for taking " an inventory of the polls and ratable estates in the Province," which order, " for Bow," was delivered to Col. Jeremiah Stickney, of Rumford. On the 19th of March, 1761, Col. Stickney addressed a letter to Capt. Thomas Parker, of Litchfield, then a member of the General Court, excusing himself, and apologizing for not taking the inventory — saying, "We never understood we had power to act to ordinary purposes under the incorporation of Bow, in which, if we were mistaken, it was our unhappiness."f In April, the same year, Ezektel Morrill and Thomas Clough, selectmen of Canterbury, were appointed to take an inventory of the " polls, stocks and improved lands in the town ship of Bow," which they accordingly did, and made the fol lowing return thereof to the General Court of New-Hampshire. It will be borne in mind that nearly the whole of their invoice related to the inhabitants of Rumford, who, at this time, were comprehended in Bow. The document is valuable as exhibiting the state of the settlement at that time, and the amount of the assessment. An Invoice of the Polls, Stocks and Improved Lands in the Township of Bow — taken by us, the subscribers, according to the best of our knowledge : Polls, 154 Houses, 91 Planting ground, (acres,) 341 Mowing land, (acres,) 498 Orcharding, (acres,) 16 Oxen, 160 Cows, 222 Cattle, three years old, 85 Ditto, two years old, 90 Ditto, one year old, 103 Horses, 77 Ditto, three years old, 12 Ditto, two years old, 13 Ditto, one year old, 10 Pasture land, (acres,) 150 Negroes, 6 Six mills, yearly income, £125 * Doc. No. 6. f Doc. No. 7. 220 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. VALUATION. Polls, £2770 00 Land, 502 10 Horses, 231 00 Oxen, 480 00 Cows, 444 00 Three years old, 145 10 Two years old, 103 00 One year old, 56 10 Slaves, 96 00 4828 10 Doom, 1000 00 £5828 10 Ezekiel Morrill, Thomas Clough, Selectmen for Canterbury. We suppose the above assessment was never collected. But happily, the controversy which had been bo long waged was now drawing to a close. In the courts of New-Hampshire every case brought to trial, touching the title to their lands, had been decided against the proprietors of Rumford ; but the Rev. Mr. Walker and Benjamm Rolfe, Esq. — the men to whom the pro prietors had entrusted their cause — confident of its justice, were neither baffled nor discouraged. With a firmness of pur pose worthy of all praise, and sustained by the unanimous will of the people, the Rev. Mr. Walker persevered in his agency. In the fall of 1762 he visited England for the third time, to attend the trial of the cause, which was still pending. He had formed valuable acquaintances among ministers of religion, mem bers of Parliament, and members of His Majesty's Council. Sir William Murray, his learned counselor and advocate in the first trial, was now Lord Mansfield, chief justice of the King's Bench. After long and anxious suspense the trial came on, and Mr. Walker announced the result in the following letter, dated — London, Decemb' 23, 1762. Dear S» : Last Friday, je 17th inst., we had our Tryal ; have obtained judg ment in our favour, viz. : that the judgment against us shall be reversed ; and the particulars whereof I now send you, so far as my memory serves. Mr. DeGrey, my Council, had proceeded but little CONTROVERSY WITH BOW. 221 way in opening the cause, when Ld Mansfield interrupted him by saying we had in our printed cases prepared a large field for argu mentation ; that it would take two days to goe thro' y6 whole — but he had a mind to narrow the case ; that there were but two points worth insisting on, viz. : ye false laying out of Bow, which he called a nonsuit, and the order of the King respecting private property. He began with the former, on which he said our former case turned, when [by the way] he observed it was not as the Repp" had alledged in their printed case, that we were drove from every other point, &c, for, in truth, there was no other point considered ; that the Lds, not being clear as to the other point urged — merely out of tenderness to possession and cultivation, which, they said, in America was almost every thing — they laid hold of that and determined as they did, but came to no determination upon the other, viz. : the order of the King in Council, &c, which he called the great point. The first he de termined roundly against us. I suspected by the manner of his treating it that he determined it should have no weight in the present decision, and, therefore, would hardly allow it the force it deserved. I was, therefore, not much concerned at my Council's submitting the point. Ld Mansfield then said he was now come to the main point, viz.: the order respecting private property, which, he said, must mean, in cases like ours, where both sides claimed and made grants. Whoever settled under a grant from either side, if he happened to beon the wrong side of the line when it came to be settled — as he was precluded from defending himself by his grant — his possession should be his title ; and, in this case, he said that possession with a grant from the Mass"8 Bay was as good as possession with a grant from New-Hampshire. Mr. Yorke, y8 Repp65 Council, allowed y', but alledged ours was not a bona fide possession ; that we had been warned, &c. Ld Mansfield said he had read those depositions as they were printed, where it appeared Bow had chose Committees to warn people from trespassing, &c, [which he seemed to speak with a sneer;] but he said the sum was this : Mass"3 people were strong — went on and settled, and Bow claimed. As to what is possession, Ld Mansfield distinguished between possession and property. With respect to the Royal order, he said the words were not private pos session, but private property. His design most certainly was to carry y9 idea of property further than actual improvement. The sum of what he said was to this effect, viz. : What a man claimed under a certain title, part whereof he actualy improved, was his property. What is done, and what was said in the case, if truly represented by any body whom Bow will believe, will, I am persuaded, effect ually discourage them from any further attempts, even against Suncook — much more against Rumford; yet I suspect their lawyers will uro-e them on to further tryals — with what success time must discover. Tours, &C, rp -yy The following is the decision of His Majesty in Council, upon 222 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. the several cases which were then on trial — all involving the same principle. At the Court of St. James, the 29th day of December, 1762. PRESENT, The King's Most Excellent Majesty : Earl of Huntington, "Viscount Falmouth, Earl of Halifax, Mr. Vice Chamberlain, Earl of Northumberland, George Grenville, Esq., Earl of Egremont, Henry Fox, Esq., Earl of Delaware, Welbore Ellis, Esq. Upon reading at the Board a Report from the Right Honorable the Lords of the Committee of Council for hearing appeals from the Plantations, dated the 17th of this instant, in the words follow ing,' viz. : Tour Majesty, having been pleased by your order in Council of the 15th of February, 17 — , to refer unto this Committee the humble petition and appeal of Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., Daniel Carter, Timothy Simonds, John Evans, John Chandler, Abraham Colby and Abraham Kimball, setting forth, amongst other things, that, in 1721, Benja min Stevens and others petitioned the General Court or Assembly of the Massachusetts Bay for a grant of land at Pennicook, upon the river Merrimack, which petition, having been referred to a committee of both Houses, and they reported in favor of the application, that it would be for the advantage of the Province that part of the land pe titioned for should be assigned and set apart for a township, to con tain seven miles square, and to begin where Contoocook river falls into Merrimack river. And they appointed a committee to bring forward the said settlement, and laid down several special directions with regard thereto. And, amongst others,. that the lands should be divided into one hundred and three lots or shares; and that one hun dred persons or families, able to make their settlement, should be admitted, and each settler to pay for his lot five pounds for the use of the Province, and be obliged to build a good house for his family within three years, and break up and fence in a certain quantity of land, and the houses and lots to be on each side the river ; and that a meeting-house should be erected and finished, which was to be as signed for the use of the minister and for the school, and the charge of the committee was to be borne by the settlers ; which Report was agreed to by both Houses of the Council and Assembly of that Province, and concurred in by the Governor. That, in 1726, the town of Pennicook was laid out and divided into lots amongst the proprietors, who began and carried on a settlement there with great difficulty and cost, it being above twenty miles up into the Indian country beyond any English settlement then made, and being a perfect wilderness, having not the least sign that human foot had ever trod the ground there, and notwithstanding the difficulties they CONTROVERSY WITH BOW. 223 were under in establishing a new town in so remote a desert, they pursued their undertaking with such industry and pains, clearing the land, building houses, sowing corn, &c, that, within a few years, a town was erected, and the place capable of receiving their families, who were then removed up there. That, on the 6th of August, 1728, in consideration that five hun dred acres of land, which had, prior to the aforesaid Pennicook grant, been granted to Gov. Endicott, fell within the Pennicook boundaries, the Assembly of the Massachusetts Bay came to a resolution, which was concurred in by the Governor and Council, that the Pennicook settlers should be allowed and empowered, by a surveyor and chain- men upon oath, to extend the south bounds of their township one hundred and thirty rods the breadth of their town, and the same was accordingly granted and confirmed to them as an equivalent for the said five hundred acres of land ; and in a few years they had so far erected and settled a town that, in 1733, the Governor, Council and Assembly of the Massachusetts Bay passed an act for erecting the said plantation of Pennicook into a township by the name of Rumford ; which act was confirmed by his late Majesty in council ; and the settlers having ever since, at great costs and labor, gone on improving the lands within the said township of Rumford, by build ing, cultivation, and otherwise, and having been in continual posses sion thereof for above thirty years past, and the same is now become a frontier town on that part of New-Hampshire. That, on the 6th of August, 1728, David Melvin and William Ayer petitioned the General Court or Assembly of the Massa chusetts Bay, for themselves and others, who had served as volun teers under Capt. John Lovewell, praying a part of the Province land might be granted to them for a township, in consideration of the service they had done, and the great difficulties they had under gone in the war ; which petition being read in the House of Repre sentatives, it was resolved that six miles square of land, lying on each side of Merrimack river, of the same breadth froin Merrimack river as the township of Pennicook, and to begin where Pennicook new grant determines, and from thence to extend the lines of the east and the west bounds on right angles, until the six miles square should be completed, be, and it is thereby granted to the forty-seven soldiers, and the legal representatives of such of them as were de ceased, who marched with Capt. Lovewell, (himself included,) when he engaged the enemy at Pigwacket. That on the 9th of July, 1729, the said David Melvin and others petitioned the Assembly of the Massachusetts Bay, setting forth that they had caused the said tract of land to be surveyed and platted, and praying a confirmation thereof, and that the grantees might be empowered to assemble and choose a clerk, pass votes, and be empowered to admit the persons in Capt. Lovewell's first march, to be associated with him; and the survey or plan of the said tract, which is annexed to the petition, and mentions it to begin at the south-east corner of the said other town of Pennicook, and from thence to run out according to the 224 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. grant. It was ordered that the land described in the plan should be confirmed to the petitioners and their associates, and their heirs and assigns forever, provided it exceeded not six miles square, nor inter fered with any former grant. And the Assembly, on the 23d of September following, ordered a preference to be given to those sol diers who were actually with the captain in the engagement when he killed several of the Indians, and the said resolutions of the As sembly were concurred in by the Governor and Council. That the Suncook proprietors carried on their said settlement which adjoined to Pennicook, otherwise Rumford, in like manner as the Pennicook or Rumford settlers had done; and, in 1737, had a minister settled there, and by their industry, labor and charges, it became a good parish, filled with inhabitants. That some years since, upon a dispute about the boundary line be tween the provinces of the Massachusetts Bay and New-Hampshire, his Majesty was pleased to issue a commission to mark out the divid ing line between the said Province of New-Hampshire and Massa chusetts Bay, but with an express declaration that private property should not be affected thereby. And upon hearing the report of the commissioners appointed to settle the said boundary, His Majesty was pleased, by his order in Council, made in 1740, to adjudge and order that the northern boundary of the said Province of the Massa chusetts Bay are and be a similar curve line, pursuing the course of Merrimack river at three miles distance on the north side thereof beginning at the Atlantic ocean, and ending at a point due north of a place called Pantucket Falls, and a straight line drawn from thence due west, cross the said river, till it meets with His Majesty's other governments ; by which determination two third parts at least of the said river Merrimack, with the lands and settlements thereon, and among the rest the said towns of Pennicook, or Rumford, and Suncook, would lay upon the said river considerably above the said Pautucket falls, were excluded out of the said Province of Massachusetts Bay, in which they had before been thought and reputed to be, and thrown into the said other Province of New-Hampshire. That notwithstand ing His Majesty had been pleased, at the time of issuing the said commission, to fix the said boundary, to declare the same was not to affect private property : yet, certain persons in New-Hampshire, desirous to make the labors of others an advantage to themselves, and to possess themselves of the towns of Pennicook, otherwise Rumford, and Suncook, as now improved by the industry of the appellants and the said first settlers thereof, whom they seek to despoil of the ben efit of all their labors, did, on the 1st of November, 1759, by the name of the proprietors of the common and undivided lands, lying and being within the township of Bow, bring an ejectment in the inferior court of common pleas, holden at Portsmouth, in New- Hampshire, against the appellants, by which ejectment the re spondents, under the general denomination aforesaid of the pro prietors of Bow, demand against the appellants the possession of about one thousand acres of land, alleging the same to lie in Bow CONTROVERSY WITH BOW. 225 aforesaid, and to be described and bounded as therein mentioned and set forth in the ejectment, their grant of the town of Bow, dated the 20th of May, 1727, from John Wentworth, Esq., Lieutenant Gov ernor of New-Hampshire ; and that by force thereof they were seized in fee of the lands thereby granted, to the extent of eighty-one square miles, and they had afterwards entered thereon, pursuant to their grant, and yere seized thereof, and alleged they were en titled to the one thousand acres of land sued for, as part of the said eighty-one miles square of land, and that the same lay within the said town of Bow; but that the appellants had entered therein and ejected the respondents, and withheld the same from them. To which action the appellants severally pleaded not guilty, as to so much of the lands sued for as were in their respective pos sessions. That, on the 2d of September, 1760, the cause was brought on to trial in the said inferior court, when the jury gave a verdict for the respondents, and judgment was entered up accordingly, with costs, from which the appellants prayed, and were allowed an appeal to the next superior court. And on the second Tuesday in November, 1760, the cause was brought on again to trial in the superior court, when the jury gave their verdict for the respondents, and the judg ment was thereupon entered up, affirming the said judgment of the inferior court, with costs. That the appellants, conceiving themselves to be thereby greatly aggrieved, prayed, and were allowed an appeal therefrom to your Majesty in council, and humbly pray that both the said verdicts and judgments may be reversed, and that they may be otherwise relieved in the premises. The Lords of the committee, in obedience to your Majesty's said order of reference, this day took the said petition and appeal into their consideration, and heard all parties therein concerned, by their council, learned in the law, and do agree humbly to report as their opinion to your Majesty, that the said judgment of the in ferior court of common pleas of the Province of New-Hampshire, of the 2d of September, 1760, and also the judgment of the supe- riour court of judicature of the 2d Tuesday in November, 1760, affirming the same, should be both of them reversed, and that the appellants should be restored to what they have lost by means of said judgments; His Majesty this day took the said report into consideration, and was pleased, with the advice of his privy council, to approve thereof, and to order, as it is hereby ordered, that the said judgment of the inferior, court of common pleas of the province of New-Hampshire, of the 2d of September, 1760, and also the judgment of the superior court of judicature, of the 2d Tuesday in November, affirming the same, be both of them reversed, and that the appellants be restored to what they may have lost by means of the said judgments, whereof the Governor or Commander-in-chief of His Majesty's Province of New-Hampshire, for the time being, and all others whom it may con cern, are to take notice and govern themselves accordingly. 15 226 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. But notwithstanding His Majesty's decision, the controversy had become so complicated, and involved so much personal inte rest and feeling, that many years elapsed before its final settle ment. The difficulty with the government of the Province in respect of taxes, was terminated by a charter of incorporation — as the next chapter will show — but conflicting personal interests had to be compromised. The prudence, decision, and readiness for reconciliation on just principles, which distinguished the pro prietors in all their subsequent proceedings, appear from their records. The controversy was finally terminated in 1772. The common lands which had been reserved were divided and laid off to the respective proprietors and grantees.* SETTLEMENT OF CANTERBURY BOUNDS. While the controversy was pending between Rumford and Bow, an attempt was made on the part of Canterbury to have the gore of land lying on " the southwesterly side of Canter bury," and between the Canterbury and Bow line, (as claimed,) annexed to the former township. This gore included the north- * At a meeting of the proprietors, October 8, 1771, Capt. John Chandler, Mr. Philip East man and Mr. Abiel Chandler were chosen a committee to take a plan, and survey the com mon and undivided land, and lay out the same to each proprietor his or their equal proportion in a. just and equitable manner. That the said committee " in the first place lay ont as much common land as to make whole Mr. Phillips' two eighty acre lots ; and likewise Mr. James Farnum's, which was given away to complete the settlement with Bow." *' N. B. Mr. Philip Kimball entered his dissent against the vote passed to lay out the common land." July 27, 1772. Andrew McMillan was chosen " agent to petition the General Court to em power the proprietors to raise six hundred pounds, lawful money, by an equal assessment on all the lands within the township of Rumford, in order to complete a settlement between said proprietors and the proprietors of Bow, Mason's Patent and Canterbury." Voted, That Mr. Benjamin Emery, Ensign Reuben Kimball and Mr. Daniel Gale, be a committee " to examine and see how much land has been sold by their former committees towards paying fifteen hundred dollars voted at a former meeting." N. B. Voted, by way of direction to the committee, that " the late Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., his estate be chargeable with all the lands recovered within the bounds of the township formerly called Suncook." By examination of the Plan of the town, it will at once be seen that the original south line of Rumford run across the Merrimack and Soucook rivers, and took in a considerable section of land that was afterwards laid off to Pembroke. Several lots lying in that section were laid off to the settlers of Rumford, of which by the foregoing it appears some *' were recov ered." See Proprietors' Records, April 22, 1773. The case was referred to Matthew Thorn ton, Esq., Londonderry ; Capt. Moses Little, of Newbury, and Mr. Moses Gerrish, of Can terbury, " finally to determine what sum of money the estate of Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., de ceased, shall pay towards carrying the case of the Bend of the River (so called) to Great Britain." In a "notification" for a meeting, November 21, 1772, the proprietors say that "the trouble- CANTERBURY BOUNDS. 227 east part of Rumford, and seems to have extended up the Merri mack river so as to take in the interval farm of Stephen Gerrish.* At a legal meeting, held at Canterbury August 16, 1759, Voted, That Capt. Miles refar a petition to the Grate and General Corte, and prosecute the same in order to have that gore of land lying between Canterbury and Bow annext to Canterbury aforesaid. Atruecoppey — attest, _, „, „ „ Ezekiel Mokrill, Town Clerk. In pursuance of the above, Capt. Josiah Miles presented a petition to the General Assembly of the Province, February 7, 1760, setting forth " that there is a gore of land lying on the south-westerly side of said township, between that and Bow, on which several of the home lots of 'said Canterbury are laid out by mistake of the boundary on that side, on which there are sun dry families settled, and when an invoice was returned to regu late the proportions of the towns to the Province tax, those families were returned, supposing they were within said town ship ; but upon running the line afterwards they were found without : * * since which they have refused to pay any tax to said town ; that the people are willing to be annexed to Can terbury, as it would be more convenient for them than to be joined to any other township, and there is no prospect or rather possi bility that it should ever make a township, considering the situa tion, the shape, the quantity — by estimation about fifteen hun dred acres — and the quality'of the land." On this petition a hearing was ordered at the February session, some and expensive controversy which has so long subsisted between them and other claim- era of their land, we rejoice to find now happily closed." At a meeting, March 15, 1773, Mr. William Coffin was chosen proprietors' treasurer, " to pay the money as he receives it to the committee formerly chosen to make a settlement with the proprietors of Bow." Voted, "That Sewall's Farm, (so called,) be assessed to pay an equal proportion for quantity and quality with the rest of the town towards the settlement with the proprietors of Bow,"&c, and " that the estate of Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., deceased, reim burse towards defraying the charges of carrying the cause to England, wherein the bend of the river, (so called,) was sued for, not being within Rumford claims." " N. B. That Mr. Peter Green wait upon Mr. Benjamin Thompson to Portsmouth, to repre sent the above case to the judge in behalf of the proprietor*. " Benjamin Thompson, afterwards Count Rumford, married the widow of Benjamin Rolfe. Esq., Mrs. Sarah, daughter of Rev. Timothy Walker. Hence we infer he was married pre vious to this date. The " Bend in the River" is understood to be that on the southern line of the town, em bracing part of the Interval Farm of the late Col. John Carter. Tho " Bend" is so great that a strip of land north of the river now falls within the line of Bow. * A Plan of the land claimed is now in the archives of the N. H. Hist. Soe., which see. 228 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. 1761. In the mean time remonstrances to said petition were presented from various qua/ters. (1.) A remonstrance from inhabitants of Rumford, authorizing Dea. Joseph Hall " to repair to Portsmouth as soon as may be, and do what he can to hinder the prayer of said petition being granted ; " stating among other reasons their hope that the township would soon be incorporated, pursuant to a petition before the Assembly, then on file ; and that " we hope and expect that the validity of our title to our said township, which is soon to be decided by His Majesty, will issue in our favor, and therefore that the matter may be at least suspended whilst that event is known." This was .signed by John Chandler, Jeremiah Stickney, Timothy Walker, jun., Ben jamin Osgood, Jacob Shute, Daniel Chase, Moses Merrill, Nath'l Abbott, Richard Hasseltin, George Abbott, John Merrill, Ben jamin Abbott, and Ebenezer Hall. (2.) From John Webster and Samuel Osgood, February 16, 1761, stating that " they had lately purchased the farm commonly called Kent's farm, contig- ous to Rumford, of the claimers of the right of John Tufton Mason, Esq.," and that it would be more convenient for them to be annexed to Boscawen than to Canterbury, on account of the distance from the meeting-house, and the badness of the road, and " not agreeable to their interest, connexions or inclination," to be annexed to Canterbury. This farm contained three hun dred acres, and lay north of Rumford line, on the east side of the Merrimack river. (3.) A remonstrance from Stephen Ger rish, February 14, 1761, whose farm was still further north on the Merrimack — stating, among other reasons, that "the meet ing-house in Boscawen is within a mile of my houBe ; that my interest is in several respects closely connected with that of Bos cawen ; that I largely contributed to the settlement and support of their late minister, Mr. Stevens, as long as he lived ; as also towards procuring what occasional preaching they have had since his death." But the two strongest remonstrances came from " Joseph Man " and " Will. Gault," of which the following are exact copies : To his Excellency the Governor and House of Assembly : These are to inform you that I live on the Common Lands Near Canterbury, and that Capt'n Miles is trying to have me Corperated CANTERBURY BOUNDS. 229 to them, which I have no Desire to, be Cause they Intirely Refused me of all town Privileges altogether : Whereupon I would humbly pray your honors to set me of to Some other Christian People, for if I am Set over to them I expect Nothing but oppression. Will. Gault. These are to Inform His Excellency the Governor and the honorable Assembly of Portsmouth, That I Live in The Common land and Near to the town of Can terbury, and the Select men of the town has rated me every year, & I have paid Rates this five years past to them, Which I think Very hard of; Whereas they have a grate Entervail that they have the Cheef of their liveing Every year, & Never pays no Rates for it, Which makes me think they use no Conscience, or they would Rate their own Common land as Smart as they doe others. Seeing that Mr. Parsons laid out and Incroached on Severall Eacers of my land, and has taken it into his farm, I Requested of them to lay out my land in Canterbury, as they Reserved a tract of land to make good the home lots that fell out of the town in the Commons. But it was Said y' I should have no other land than I had Gotten : for my Part I am affraid to be Corporated to Canterbury for fear of oppression, and for these reasons I would pray his Excellency and the Honorable Assembly of Portsmouth, that they would be pleased to Corporate me to Some other Christian people. ' Joseph man. Finally, on the 13th of June, 1765, after the bounds of Con cord were determined by the new incorporation, the Canterbury petition was, in part, granted — that is, a strip of land lying north of the original Rumford line, and extending up the Mer rimack river, was annexed to Canterbury. The bounds were as follows : " Beginning on the easterly side of Merrimack river, on a course north, seventy-three degrees east, from the mouth of the Contoocook river ; from thence, continuing the same course about six hundred and six rods, to Canterbury south-west side line ; from thence, north-west, by said Canterbury side line, to Merrimack river ; from thence, down the said river, to the place begun at; and all the lands, polls and estates taken by said boundaries are hereby added to said Canterbury and made a part thereof." Hence it appears that the original west side line of Canterbury was six hundred and six rods from the river, and that it run along on the upland without taking in the interval. The interval between the river and Canterbury line belonged to what was 230 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. called " Mason's Patent," and the farms of Stephen Gerrish and Richard Kent, on the east side of the river, were included in the strip of land annexed to Canterbury, while none of that asked for between Canterbury and the Bow line, which belonged to Rumford, was granted. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES RELATIVE TO THE PERIOD BETWEEN 1750 AND 1765. NEW MEETING-HOUSE. The " garrison-house, forty feet in length and twenty-five in breadth," built in 1727, near West's brook, had served the ; inhabitants for a meeting-house ( about twenty-four years ; but ; the increase of population and 'decay of the old house ren dered it necessary to build a log meeting-house. new one for public worship. Not being in a capacity to act as a town, the work was under taken by a number of individuals, called " Proprietors of the Meeting-house." A new location was chosen, and the main body of the house was erected in 1751, on the spot where it still stands* — now the " Methodist Biblical Institute." Its timbers were of the best white oak. According to tradition there was, a large gathering of people at the " raising," which commenced the 12th of June and took three days. But while the men were so laud ably employed, the women of the parish afforded material " aid and comfort" by cooking and providing victuals for them on the spot. The meeting-house was sixty feet long, forty-six wide, and two stories high. It was without porches or gallery. The only * The various changes it has passed through will be noticed hereafter. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES. 231 entrance was at the door in front, on the south side. The seats were coarse benches, arranged on each side of the broad-aisle, and east and west of the pulpit, which was on the north side. The men sat on the west, and the women on the east side. The minister had a pew near the pulpit, and the deacons sat together directly in front of the pulpit, facing the congregation. Thus unfinished the house remained till after the Revolutionary War. A LETTER FROM REV. MR. WALKER TO HIS DAUGHTER. While in London, on his first visit, Rev. Mr. Walker wrote as follows to his youngest daughter, Judith, then about nine years of age : " London, March 13th, 1754. " While I am addressing myself to each of my children, Judith surely must not be forgotten, which, altho' the youngest, yet is none the less dear to her tender hearted Father upon that account. My dear, I hope you have not forgotten your prayers and pretty verses which I used to hear you say over when you went to bed ; but as you grow in years, you will advance in every endowment, both natural and spir itual ; for I can have no greater joy than to hear that my children walk in ye truth. Fear God and keep his commandments, which is the whole duty of man. Honour your Father and Mother, which is the first commandment with promise. Be courteous and affable to your brother and sisters ; let there be no family strife or contention, but remember that where envy and strife is, there is confusion and every evil work. j remain your loving Father, Timothy Walker." In 1755, on his second visit, Mr. Walker wrote to his brother- in-law, Mr. Joseph Burbeen, of Woburn, a letter, which has been preserved, in which he says : " The fate of Europe, as to peace or war, as yet remains doubtful. Vigorous preparations have been and still are making ; but many are confident matters will subside : but I expect, at least, that the poor frontiers in New- England will have a troublesome summer. I am in pain for my family as well as other friends exposed." THE FIRST IRON CRANE. The first iron crane used in a chimney fire-place in Rumford was put up by Stephen Farrington, in 1757. Mr. Farrington built and lived in the house where Mr. David G. Fuller now 232 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. lives — recently owned by the late Widow Huldah Evans. The occasion was as follows : Heating water one day to scald hogs, the lug-pole, upon which the kettles were suspended, was burnt off and the hot water was spilt, seriously endangering the children who were playing on the floor. This so alarmed the family that Mr. Farrington determined to have an iron crane ; and, having business at Portsmouth, he there purchased a bar of iron and brought it to Rumford on horse-back, where he had it made into a crane. The date (1757) is marked on it. Before putting it into the chimney they made a trial of its strength by chaining it to a tree and suspending on it a barrel of water — a wager being laid that the crane would not bear it. It stood the test, and it was afterwards used in the family for more than ninety years. This crane was deposited in the rooms of the New-Hampshire Historical Society in June, 1853, by Mr. Samuel Farrington, it having been used a long time previously by the descendants of Stephen Farrington for a boot-jack — a part of the brace being taken out.* TIMOTHY WALKER, JR's., LICENSE TO PREACH. At an Association Meeting, at the House of the Rev? Mr. Barnard, in Haverhill, September 11, 1759, Mr. Timothy Walker, jun., having apply* d to us for encourage ment to preach, and having receiv'd from him a specimen of his ministerial abilities, do heartily approve of him, and recommend him to the Churches of Christ as well furnished for the service of the sanctuary, ardently wishing to him the presence and blessing of the great Head of the Church iu all his future ministrations. Joseph Parsons, Samuel Bacheller, William Balch, Edw. Barnard, James Cushing, Abner Bayley, Ebenezer Flagg, John Tucker, William Johnson, William Symmes. Andrew McMillan's store. The principal store in Rumford, at this time, was kept by Andrew McMillan, Esq.f The following charges, found in his old ledger, will serve to illustrate the state of the currency at that * Facts furnished by Samuel Farrington. t For a more particular notice of this gentleman see Biographical Sketches. His store was kept on the corner of Main and Pleasant streets. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES. 233 time, and also, somewhat, the habits of the people. They show what was the price of articles then in common use, and hence enable us to compare the same with prices as they are now. We may be surprised to observe how large a portion of family ex penses was for spirituous liquors ; and, in this regard at least, we may mark an improvement in our favor. The charges, it will be seen, are carried out in pounds, shillings and pence; yet it is not strictly either "old tenor" or "new" but the pounds are put for shillings, and shillings for pence. Thus, as will appear, £6 means six shillings, or one dollar; £Z are three shillings, or half a dollar; .£12, 10«., are twelve shillings and ten pence, or two dollars and nearly fourteen cents. As specimens of this book account I transcribe the following : Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker, junior* Dr. 1762. £ «¦ d. Decemb. To 1 lb. of coffey, ' ... 1 06 00 " " 1 scain of silk, 0 14 00 " " J yd. of bear-skin, at 8s 6 00 00 " " i gall, of wine, at 9s., 4 10 00 " " \ gall, of W. I. rum, 3 00 00 1763. Jan. 10. " 1 Kb. of coffee, by John Colby, ... 1 06 00 " " " 12 pipes, 0 12 00 " 18. " 1 comb, 20s., 1 00 00 " " " i lb. of tea, at 12s., 6 00 00 " " " 1 quire of post paper, at 50s., .... 2 10 00 Feb. 9. " 4 fts. of sugar, at 14s., 2 16 00 Mar. 6. " 1 quart mug, at 50s., 2 10 00 " 9. " 1 pint of brandy, by John Colby, 24s., .1 04 00 May. " i a yd. of long lawn, by Judith, ... 4 00 00 " " 1 handkerchief, by Judith, 8 00 00 " « 1 pint W. I. rum, 0 15 00 July. " 1 gall. W. I. rum, by John Colby, ... 6 00 00 " i lb. of powder, by John Colby, ... 1 05 00 << Beacon Farnum, Br. 1763. £ s. d. Jan. 15. To sundries brought from old ledger, p. 196, 211 11 06 " " " £ gall, and pint of N. E. rum, ... 2 19 00 " « " 1 ft. of coffey, at 26s., 1 06 00 " « " 1 glass of brandy, 0 04 00 " " " 1 qt. of wine, at 25s., 2 05 00 * After Tirnothy Walker, Jr., was licensed to preach, Sept. 11, 1759, he remained in Concord, and was a while in company with Andrew McMillan. See biographical notice. 234 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. Feb. 1. To I gall, of brandy, 4 10 00 " 1 pint of brandy, 1 04 00 " 1 glass of brandy, 0 03 00 " 8. " 2 fts. of brown sugar, at 14s., .... 1 08 00 " 16. " 1 glass of brandy, 0 04 00 Mar. 1. " 1J gall, of brandy, at 9s., 4 10 00 " " " I ft. of raisons, 1 00 00 " 14. " 5 pare of men's gloves, at 50s., . . 12 10 00 " " " 2 pare of woman's black do., at 50s., . 5 00 00 " " " 1 pare of woman's white do., .... 2 13 00 " " « 3 yds. of hat crape, at 50s., .... 7 10 00 Contra. Rumford, January 15, 1763. Or. By sundrys brought from old ledger, . . 156 08 - 08 April 5. " cash, . 124 17 00 June 6. " cash, in full, 94 00 10 17Q3 Ezra Carter, Doctor, Dr. £ t A Jan. 21. To sundries brought from p. 11, ... 492 15 06 " 22. " * gall, of brandy, 4 10 00 " 26. " i gall, of brandy, 4 10 00 " 27. " i gall, of brandy, 4 10 00 " 28. " i gall, of brandy, 4 10 00 " 29. « } gall, of brandy, 4 10 00 " 31. " i gall, of brandy, [for medicine?] . . 4 10 00 " 5 fts. of sugar, 2 16 00 Feb. 4. « J gall, of brandy, 4 10 00 " 8. " 5 nots of thread, at 3s., 0 15 00 " " " 6 sheets of paper, at Is. Gd., ... 0 09 00 " " " I gall, of snakerut, 4 05 00 " 11. " i gall, of W. I. rum, 3 00 00 " " " I gall, of clove water, 3 15 00 " 12. « i gall, of W. I. rum, half a dollar, . 3 00 00 ,_„_ John Chandler, Dr. 176o. £ s. d. June 13. To 4 buttons, 1 00 00 " £ bowl of tody, 0 07 00 Mar. 11. » 1£ yds. of blue broad cloth, 17s., . . 25 10 00 " 2 doz. buttons, at 30s., 3 00 00 " 8 jacket do., 0 10 00 " 1} yds. of blue camblet, 6 00 00 " 1 qt. of rum, at 24s., and 2 bowls of tody, 2 12 00 July 22. " 1 gall, of W. I. rum, 6s., 6 00 00 ,-g0 Rev. Timothy Walker, Dr. Dec. 9. To the balance of your account, .... 26 15 00 " 3 yds. of red shoe-binding, by Judith, 0 09 00 MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES. 235 Dec. 8. To 1J ft. of chalk, at 40s., 2 10 00 " " " 2 qts. of rum, 3 00 00 1764. Jan'y 2. " i ft. of pepper, 18s., 0 18 00 Feb'y 2. " 1 quart of W. I. rum, 35s., .... 1 15 00 " " " J of buckram, 0 12 00 " 16. « 1 gall, of W. I. rum, by Mr. Tim., . . 6 00 00 June 2. " i yd. of cambrick, by Judith, at lis., . .1 08 00 " " " 1 punch bowl, at 15s., 0 15 00 " " " i yd. of gauze, and to J skein of silk, . . 1 04 06 " " " 2 qts. of rum, 3 00 00 Aug. 9. " sundries paid Mr. Paul Burbeen, . . 50 00 00 " 11. " 1 gallon of rum, at 6s., 6 00 00 The foregoing are fair specimens of the charges in the "old ledger" against various persons. It must be noticed that in the account against Dr. Ezra Carter, the price of " half a gallon of rum" is "half a dollar," which is carried out three pounds — and this explains all the charges. The " pounds" were so many "shillings," and "six shillings" made a dollar. We must in charity suppose that the kind-hearted Dr. Carter bought his brandy for medicine; but whether the same will apply to the others we presume not to say. Unquestionably the custom of the times allowed a greater liberty in that regard then, than would, be thought consistent with temperance now. Eunice Chase, mother of Mrs. Abigail, widow of the late Benjamin Kimball, of Sugar Ball, when a girl was gathering berries on a hill on the east side of the river, when she discov ered a young fawn asleep under the shade of some bushes. Taking off her apron, she threw it over the fawn, and, clasping it in her arms, carried it home. She sold it to Andrew McMil lan for six pounds of sheep's wool.* WOLVES. Jerry Farrington, son of Stephen Farrington, when a mere lad was one day out near his father's house and heard the geese making an unusual noise. He caught his gun and started to ascertain the cause. ' He found the geese in a small brook near where Capt. Philip Watson's house now stands, and judging from * Related by Mrs. Kimball. 236 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. appearances that some enemy had been among them, he went on in pursuit as far as what is called the " Whale's Back,"* where he saw a large wolf facing him. His gun was loaded with fine shot. He therefore took aim directly between the wolf's eyes, fired, and put them both out. The wolf thus wounded raised a tremendous yell and ran confusedly about until other persons came to Jerry's help, and the wolf was killed.t Benjamin Rolfe, who came to this town at the age of sixteen, (about 1758,) and who lived on the Rolfe farm, so called, (now Fisherville,) often told his children how the wolves would come down at night to the high sand-banks south of his residence, and set,up a terrible howling. The cattle, conscious of danger, would collect together in some corner of the field, and when they lay down the young cattle would lie in the middle and the old and strong ones outside, for defence. RATTLE-SNAKES. In the early settlement of the township particular sections of it were greatly infested with snakes of various kinds, and espe cially with rattle-snakes. These latter were most numerous on and in the vicinity of " Rattle-snake," or, as it is now called, Granite Hill, and along the shores of Long Pond. A reward was offered, and paid by the town for many years, for killing these snakes, and some, it is said, even made it a profitable busi ness — being able thereby to pay all their town taxes. Tradition says that the inhabitants used to go " snake hunting" on " good snake days," as still, sunny days in the spring and autumn were called. Their weapon consisted of a white oak or white ash stick, from six to eight feet long and about an inch round, with a hook fastened in one end, to be used in drawing the snakes from their holes and from cracks in the ledges. Thus armed, they repaired to the " snake ground," treading slowly and softly, to prevent the snakes from hearing them. Generally the snakes were found lying in the sunshine, near their dens, asleep. Some times they were so numerous as to form a large heap. If they heard any noise, the snakes gave the alarm by shaking their *The ridge of land west of Mr. Abel B. Holt's, f Tradition from Samuel Farrington. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES. 237 rattles, which made a fine buzzing noise ; then they run into holes or under rocks for safety. The rattle-snake was easily killed — a well directed blow with the stick above described was sufficient for the purpose. Their motion was slow, and they would usually retreat from the presence of a man ; yet " the hunting" of them was dangerous, for, if overtaken and provoked, they were very ferocious. Coiling up in a small ring, and emitting a fine buzzing noise with their rattles — their bodies rising and falling like a bellows — their parti-colored skin rough and sparkling — the upper jaw thrown nearly back upon the neck, and their eyes, like a fiery flame, which would suddenly change to a greenish color — they would suddenly dart on their foe, strike their fang, and, at the same instant, emit a poison in the wound, which usually proved fatal. Many traditionary stories are related of rattle-snake hunting. The late Amos Abbot — father of John and Simeon — with his cousin Reuben, one afternoon killed forty-nine snakes with sticks and hooks ; but such an effluvia proceeded from the slaughtered snakes as to sicken them. Commonly the faces of the hunters would be swollen with inflammation, caused, as was supposed, by poisonous effluvia. . There is a tradition that a Penacook Indian undertook to re venge himself on the nation of rattle-snakes for having bitten one of his family. He made a large fish-pot and set it at the mouth of a den of rattle-snakes. As they came out they filled the pot, which, in the joy of his success, he rolled away from the den, and then piled around it a large quantity of brush, which he set on fire, dancing and singing to see the contortions and straggles of his conquered foe ; but his joy was short. Whether from the effluvia inhaled, or some other cause, he soon sickened and died. One person undertook to " blow up" a den of snakes. Hav ing caught and fastened a large rattle-snake, he tied to his tail a powder-horn filled with powder — putting in for a stopple a piece of punk, which he set on fire and let the snake go. Re turning to hi3 snaky companions, unsuspicious of the fate that awaited them, soon the powder-horn exploded, when the whole den of snakes was blown " sky high." 238 HISTORY OF RUMFORD. Another mode of destroying these reptiles, if not equally singular, was as effectual — that is, the letting the hogs run at large where the snakes were abundant. In the autumn of the year, being fat and lazy, the snakes made a delicious morsel for swinish appetites. The hogs would often kill them before they had time to coil and dart their poison.* The oil from rattle-snakes was found very useful, and was used for sprains, stiff joints, rheumatism, &c. George Abbot, Esq., relates that his father, when a young man, killed an enormous fat rattle-snake, which he afterwards stretched out on a flat rock, in the sun, and that the oil which came from it penetrated the rock so deeply that the marks of it remain even till this time. So thorough was the war of extermination carried on by our fathers against the rattle-snake tribe, that it is said not one has been seen on Rattle-snake Hill for the last forty years. * A writer in Harper's Magazine for March, 1855, Rays : " Of all enemies with which the rattle-snake has to contend, except man, the hog is the most formidable. An old sow, with a litter of pigs to provide food for, will hunt for the reptile with a perseverance and sagacity truly astonishing, tracing them to their hiding-places, and never letting them escape." [See the whole article, which is very interesting.] CHAPTER VIII. FROM 1765 TO 1775 INCORPORATION AS A PARISH IN BOW BY THE NAME OF CONCORD. As the greater part of the inhabitants of Rumford were at this time comprehended in the township of Bow, to which the former were unanimously opposed, vexatious difficulties were experienced in conducting town affairs, and particularly in assessing and collecting taxes. Even some of the inhabitants of Bow proper felt themselves as much oppressed as those of Rumford. Hence petitions were presented to the General As sembly of the Province, setting forth their respective grievances.* On the 11th of April, 1764, Rev. Mr. Walker presented a peti tion,* setting forth that the " affairs of the inhabitants [of Rum ford] have been in great confusion since 1749 ;" that they have " felt themselves greatly aggrieved " by the imposition of heavy taxes ; and, as a remedy for the evils complained of, prays that they may be " incorporated by their former known bounds." In answer to this petition the House of Representatives reaffirmed by a vote, that " what the town of Bow is now in arrears for the Province tax shall be collected," and that " all the inhabitants settled on lands between said Bow, Canterbury and New-Hop- kinton, except such as are already polled off to Pembroke and New-Hopkinton, shall be taxed and pay their proportion" of the same ; that " the inhabitants of Bow [including, of course, all in Rumford] should meet in Bow for the choice of officers, &c, * See Documents for Chap. VIII., Nos. 1 and 2. 240 PARISH OF CONCORD. and on these conditions " the petitioner shall have liberty to bring in a bill!" It hence appears that the government tenaciously clung to their original purpose of giving Bow the preeminence, and of disallowing all the claims and rights of Rumford as incorporated by Massachusetts. Finally, however, on the 25th of May, 1765, an act of incor poration was obtained, the conditions of which were humiliat ing to the inhabitants of Rumford ; but it was the best they could get, and this was preferred to the abhorred embrace in which they had been held for more than fifteen years. For the whole act I must refer the reader to the documentary chapter ;* but the title is in the words following : "An act for setting off apart of the Town of Bow, together with some lands adjoining thereto, with tJie inliabitants thereon, and making them a Parish ; investing them with such privileges and immunities as Towns in this Prov ince have and do enjoy." To this " parish " in the town of Bow was given the name of Concord. The " parish " comprised the inhabitants who are settled on the lands herein described, viz. : " Beginning at the mouth of Contoocook river, so called, which is the south-east corner of Boscawen ; from thence, south, sev enty-three degrees west, by said Boscawen, four miles; from thence, running south, seventeen degrees east, seven miles and one hundred rods; from thence, running north, seventy-three degrees east, about four miles, to Merrimack river; then crossing the said river, and still continuing the same course to Soucook river ; then, beginning again at the mouth of Contoocook river aforesaid, Trom thence, running north, seventy-three degrees east, six hundred and six rods from the easterly bank of Merri mack river, or till it shall come to the south-west line of Can terbury; from thence, south-east, on said line, two miles and eighty rods ; from thence, south, seventeen degrees east, to Soucook river aforesaid ; from thence, down the said river, till it comes to where the line from Merrimack river strikes Soucook river." The inhabitants included within the abovesaid bounds were granted all the ordinary powers and privileges of towns, " ex- * Documents for Chap VIII., No. 3. BOUNDARIES OF THE PARISH. 241 cepting that when any of the inhabitants of the aforesaid parish shall have occasion to lay out any road through any of the lands that are already laid out and divided by the said town of Bow, application shall be for the same to the Court of General Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the said Province, as in other cases." Provision was also made in the act for collecting " all arrearages of taxes," and for assessing and collecting the taxes which should be due in 1765 and 1766. To secure all these ends more effect ually, John Noyes and Edward Russell, of Bow proper, were to be united with the selectmen of the new parish, to assess the polls and estates of all . the inhabitants who were subjected to pay the taxes. It will be perceived that by this incorporation the bounds of the township are considerably varied from the original.* The north line of Concord, on the west side, was changed from " the middle " of the Contoocook, to the " southerly side thereof." The north bound, on the east side, was run straight to the Can- * The original grant of Penacook was seven miles square and one hundred rods, commencing "where Contoocook river falls into Merrimack river, and thence to extend, upon a course east, seventeen degrees north, three miles, and upon a course west, seventeen degrees south, four miles — to be the northerly bounds of the said township ; and from the extreme parts of that line, to be set off southerly at right angles, until seven miles shall be accomplished from the said north bounds." This original grant does not determine the precise point " where Contoocook river falls into Merrimack river " — where the north line shall be run — whether it shall be in the middle of the Contoocook, or on the northerly or southerly side. It seems, however, to have been understood to run from the middle ; for when Contoocook (now Bos cawen) was granted by Massachusetts, in December, 1733, it was bounded as follows, viz. : "Beginning at the middle of Contoocook river, where it empties into Merrimack, where it joins on Penacook plantation ; thence, running west, fifteen degrees south, adjoining Pena cook line, four miles, to a white pine tree, marked for Penacook corner-bounds ;" and thence, further on the same line, three miles and eight poles,'1 &c. [See original grant in Price's History of Boscawen, p. 21.] The difference of two degrees in the line was probably owing to the variation of the compass ; for it is manifest that the Contoocook line west, which com mences "at the middle " of the Contoocook river, " where it joins on Penacook plantation," ran on the Penacook line four miles to its westerly comer bounds. But when Boscawen was newly incorporated by New-Hampshire, in 1760, the bounds were described as follows, viz. : " Beginning at the southerly side of Contoocook river's mouth, where the same falls into Mer rimack river; running thence, on a course west, seventeen degrees south, seven miles and one hundred rods," &c. Why this change in the starting point of the line between Concord and Boscawen — from "the middle of the Contoocook " to the " southerly side thereof" — there are various conjectures. [See statement in Document No. 4, Chapter VIII.] But the variation and change from the original bounds were far greater on the east side. Originally the line ran straight from the mouth of the Contoocook, "east, seventeen degrees north, three miles ;" but by the new incorporation it was to run east, seventeen degrees north, only '< six hundred and six rods from the easterly bank of Merrimack river till it shall come to the south-west line of Canterbury ; from thence, south-east, on said line, two miles and eighty rods ; from thence, south, seventeen degrees east, to Soucook river ; from thence, down the said river till it comes to where the line" from the west of Merrimack river running across strikes the Soucook river. 16 242 PARISH OF CONCORD. terbury Une six hundred and six rods ; then, south-east, on the Canterbury line, two miles and eighty rods ; thence, south, sev enteen degrees east, to meet the Soucook river, which was made the remainder of the eastern bound. The southern boundary, also, instead of being seven miles, according to the original grant, was limited on the east side by the Soucook, at the point where the line from the west across the Merrimack river struck it. This line struck the Soucook river about twenty rods above what were called Head's Mills, in Pembroke. The old bounds are still visible.* In consequence of this change in the original boundaries on the east side, there were two gores of land, called the northerly and southerly Bow Gores. The northerly gore, containing about one thousand three hundred and seventy-nine acres can be dis tinguished on the map of the town accompanying this volume, tying on the east side of the township, between the Soucook river on the east and the original straight line, which formed the east ern boundary of Rumford. This gore came to a point on the high land north-west of the dwelling-house of Mr. John Clough, on the Loudon road. The house of Mr. Clough was formerly owned by Mr. Benjamin Thompson, who lived in " Bow Gore," and who used to be complained of by his neighbors " because he didrtt pay taxes any where." Near Mr. Thompson's, within the Gore, was a school-house, where the children of the Potter families, and others in Concord, attended school. This state of things continued until both Gores were annexed to Concord by an act of the Legislature, December 13, 1804.f In regard to the name — Concord — given to the township in the new incorporation, the uniform tradition is, that it was de signed to express the entire unanimity in purpose and action which had characterized the inhabitants of Rumford during the period of their controversy with the proprietors of Bow, and, indeed, from the first settlement of Penacook.^ By the act of incorporation, Samuel Emerson, Esq.,§ of * See Town Records, Vol. III., p. 126. f See acts in Secretary's office. X The Rev. John Barnard, in his sermon at the ordination of Mr. Walker, charged the people "always to live in Love and Peace — to rejoice and strengthen the hands of their Minister by their Concoas." This they always did do. § See Town Records. FIRST LEGAL MEETING. 243 Chester, was authorized and appointed to call the " first meeting of the inhabitants, for the choice of town officers," on the third Tuesday of August, 1765 ; but, as the records set forth, " by some accident the meeting was not duly called," and was not held at that time. Consequently, at the next meeting of the General Court, November 27, 1765, a special resolve and vote were passed, authorizing the said Emerson to call a meeting for the aforesaid purpose, on the third Tuesday of January, 1766.* Accordingly, the first " legal meeting of the freeholders and inhabitants of the Parish of Concord" was held on the 21st day of January, 1766. At this meeting it was voted that "Lieut. Richard Hasseltine be moderator, and Peter Coffin parish clerk." "Voted, That Joseph Farnum, Lot. Colby and John Chandler, jun., be selectmen. " Voted, That Benjamin Emery be constable. " Voted, That Lieut. Richard Hasseltine and Amos Abbot be tythingmen. " Voted, That Jonathan Chase, Robert Davis and Nathaniel Eastman be surveyors of highways. " Voted, That Dea. George Abbot be sealer of leather. " Voted, That Lieut.' Nathaniel Abbot be sealer of weights and measures." The foregoing is the whole record of the first " meeting of the Parish of Concord." The persons above chosen held office till the ensuing first Tuesday in March, when the first annual meeting was held.f At the first annual meeting, March 4th, Ezra Carter, Esq., was chosen moderator, and Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., clerk.J One hundred pounds, lawful money, were raised " for paying Rev. * See Town Records. t The manner of notifying parish meetings was as follows : 1. The selectmen issued an order to the constable of the parish to notify a meeting at a specified time and place, and for specified purposes. 2. The coustable issued his notice "by setting up a notification," agreeably to the order from the selectmen, at the meeting-house door, — days before the meeting. 3. A meeting held pursuant to such a notification was a " legal meeting." From the first meeting in January, 1766, till 1784, the " notice " for legal meetings was given " to the inhabitants and freeholders of the Parish or CotrcoaD " — subsequently, upon petition, in 1784, as will appear from the records, the word " parish," which was always offensive to the inhabitants, was dropped, and " town " substituted therefor. X See full list of officers at the close of this chapter. 244 PARISH OF CONCORD. Mr. Walker's salary from the 26th of May, 1765, to the 26th of May, 1766, together with the other necessary charges of the parish, and a committee appointed to reckon with the collectors and constable that have been chosen." * On the 25th of March it was " Voted, That the school shall be kept on the easterly side of the river such part of the year as their rates for the school shall come to of the polls and estates that lay to the northward of Sugar Ball ; also, at a place that will best accommodate those persons that live upon Contoocook road, northward of Nathan Colby's — and those persons that live westward of said road, such part of the year as their rates will pay ; also, at a place that will best accommodate those persons that five upon Hopkinton road, westerly of Theodore Stevens' and westerly of Turkey river, such a part of the year as their rates will pay ; and the remainder of the year it shall be kept in the town street, about the middle way from Capt. Chandler's to Lot Colby's." Capt. Chandler, referred to in the above vote, lived in a house on the road which runs west by Richard Bradley's, on the spot where a new house is just erected by Hamilton Perkins, Esq. An apple tree is now growing where the old cellar was. Here his son Daniel lived, who was father of Abiel, the distinguished benefactor of Dartmouth College. Abiel Walker, Esq., well remembered the old Chandler house. Daniel Chandler erected a frame in addition to his father's house, on the same spot, but not being able to finish it, it fell first into the hands of John Stevens, trader, and was sold by him to Capt. Robert Davis, and moved on to the Davis lot, north side of Franklin street, on the rise of ground about ten rods from Main street. In this house lived Capt. David Davis, father of Gen. Davis. Lot Colby lived at the other extreme of the main settlement, at the " Eleven Lots," and on the spot where the venerable Joseph Abbot died, January 20, 1832, aged ninety. Mr. Joseph S. Lund now lives on the same spot. The school-house was a few rods north of Gass' tavern. The late Richard Herbert and Abiel Walker, when boys, went to school there to a Master Hogg, from Dunbarton. Another meeting of the Parish of Concord was held November *See Constable's Warrant, Doc. No. 5, Chap. VIII. THE FIRST CENSUS. 245 10th, this year, at which Mr. Phinehas Virgin was chosen sur veyor of highways " in the room of Lt. Ebenezer Virgin, de ceased." Phinehas was the eldest son of Lt. Ebenezer — born November 21, 1733. The father was an original proprietor — a man of enterprise, and highly useful as a citizen. He probably came from Salisbury, Massachusetts, and built and lived in the house still standing on the Mill Brook Interval, so called, on the east side of the Merrimack, a few rods in rear of the house of Mr. John Jarvis. Mr. Virgin was the man who first came in possession of the "Peorawarrah gun," before described. He was the father of seven children, and his descendants are num erous and respectable.* 1767. About this time the inhabitants of Bow, who, according to the charter of " the Parish of Concord," were rated with the latter, feeling themselves "greatly abused," presented the following petition to the General Assembly for relief: " To His Excellency John Wentworth, Esquire," &c. : The Petition of the Selectmen of Bow, in behalf of themselves and inhabitants of said Bow, exclusive of such as are set off into Parishes — Humbly sheweth, " That your petitioners have been and are now greatly abused by being rated with Concord ; for their Selectmen are y° major part of the Assessors, and they make the rates as they see fit : Wherefore the sd petitioners humbly and earnestly prays your Excellency and Honours to take their distressed curcomstances under consideration, and releave them from being rated any longer with Concord, in such manner as your Excellency and Honours shall in your great wisdom and clemency see fit, and your petitioners, as in duty bound, shall ever pray. gAMUEL RoGERg) Samuel Welch, Ephraim Moors, Selectmen of Bow." [August 28, 1767. Read and ordered to be sent down to the Honble Assembly.] The first enumeration of the inhabitants of the Provincef was *See Register of Virgin Family. f The number of towns in the Province at this time was ninety-five — whole population, 52.700. Twenty-one towns were returned as having a larger population than Concord. [See census of 1707 — Historical Collections by Moore & Farmer, vol. i., p. 166.] 246 PARISH OF CONCORD. this year made by order of the General Assembly. The fol lowing is the return for Concord : "Unmarried men, from sixteen to sixty, ... 62 Married men, from sixteen to sixty, 125 Boys, sixteen and under, 189 Men, sixty and above, 18 Females, unmarried, 204 Females, married, 126 Male slaves,* 9 Female slaves, 4 Widows, 15 Total, 752" 1768-9. At a meeting January 2, 1769, Capt. Chandler was " chosen and desired to notify all persons that owe any rates in this parish, and use his best endeavors with them to get them to settle with the Rev. Mr. Timothy Walker, and to pay what rates they owe before Concord was incorporated." Mr. Timothy Walker, Jr., " was chosen, March 7, town clerk, in place of Benjamin Rolfe," who appears to have been in feeble health ; and the parish clerk was " desired to purchase two suffi cient books for the use of the parish." Messrs. Benjamin Emery, John Kimball and Robert Davis were appointed a committee " to treat with the proprietors of the meeting-house, in order to purchase said house for the use of tho parish." The purchase was not made till 1782. 1770. The parish agreed to " give forty shillings, lawful money, per acre for land" through Joseph Farnum's field, for a road, and " to pay Mrs. Osgood the first cost for the burying-cloth ;" to " pay ten shillings for every wolf, and six pence for every crow killed within the parish the present year." The following year, 1771, the bounty for killing a wolf was raised to " twenty shil lings," and " for every crow catched in the parish, nine pence." * See " Facts and Anecdotes " at the end of this chapter. COMPENSATION OF JURORS. 247 On the 21st of December, 1771, Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., de ceased.* Heretofore nothing has appeared in the records respecting courts or jurors, or even the county to which Concord belonged. But a " warrant" was issued for a special town meeting, to be held August 24, 1772, " to choose one man of those duly quali fied to serve at His Majesty's Superior Court of Judicature, to be held at Exeter, in and for the county of Rockingham, as a petit juror, the first Tuesday in September next;" also, "to see what said parish will allow those who have served as jurors for said parish, and what said parish will allow jurors for the future." Accordingly, at the meeting held for the above purpose, " Mr. Lot Colby was drawn out of the box for a juror." " Three shil lings " were allowed " Messrs. Ebenezer Hall and Joshua Abbot for each day they have served the parish as jurors ;" and " three shillings to be paid each juror per day, who shall serve the parish as jurors for the future." November 21st, this year, Andrew McMillan, Esq., was ap pointed to present a petition to the Honorable General Court, " that the inhabitants of Concord may have the same power and privilege of laying out roads which any other town or parish in this Province have or do enjoy ; and that the boundaries of said parish may be made as extensive as the township of Rumford (so called) formerly was ;"f and the next year, 1773, Mr. Mc- * " July 29, 1771. At a meeting of the proprietors — Voted, That Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., the proprietors' former clerk, deliver the proprietors' books to John Kimball, the present clerk." Mr. Kimball was chosen proprietors' clerk May 7, 1771, and took the oath of office before Andrew McMillan, Esq. He held the office till October 18, 1774, when he was succeeded by Timothy Walker, Jr. November 7, 1774— Voted, That the proprietors' books be delivered by Mr. John Kimball to Timothy Walker, Jr. ; " that a just and equal division of all the com mon land be made, and that Messrs. Benjamin Emery, Robert Davis and Philip Eastman, be a committee for said purpose j" and " that said committee make up to Ebenezer Hall and Jabez Abbot what land the proprietors of Bow took from the heirs of Edward Abbot, de ceased ;" "that Messrs. Benjamin Emery, Philip Eastman, Thomas Stickney, Joseph Hall, Jr., and Lot Colby, be discharged, and are discharged from the sum of £100 3s. 5d. lq. — being part of the notes which they recovered of the administrators on the estate of Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., deceased, for the proprietors of Concord, dated March, 1760, together with the interest for the notes dated November, A. D. 1753." The division of common lands above ordered was duly made and laid off" in one hundred and three shares. A record of the same is found in the third volume of the Proprietors' Records, pp. 436 -SOS. t As to the right of laying out roads, &c, see charter of Concord. 248 PARISH OF CONCORD. MiUan was appointed to present a petition that the parish of Concord may be annexed to the county of Hillsborough, provided that there might be an inferior and superior court held annually in said parish. 1773. Previous to presenting the petition for the purpose just named, the inhabitants of the town made an expression of their respect to the Governor in the following address, which tradition ascribes to the pen of the then young but aspiring Benjamin Thompson, afterward Count Rumford : ADDRESS OF THE INHABITANTS OF CONCORD TO GOV. JOHN WENTWORTH, 1773. The Humble Address of the Inhabitants of Concord, in the Province of New-Hampshire, to His Excellency John Wentwijeth, Esq., Captain General, Governor, and Commander-in-Chief in and over said Province. May it please tour Excellency: As good Will and Affection between Rulers and Ruled are the happy source of all well ordered Government, it gives us pleasure to observe the great Harmony and Unanimity that subsist between your Excellency and the People of this Province, while those of the Neighboring Colonies are daily seeking Redress, and still complaining of grievances and oppression. Notwithstanding the great Difficulties which have attended your Excellency ever since you came to the Chair of this Government, and the many disadvantages this Province in par ticular has, and still labors under; yet, from the best Observations we have been able to make, we find no Colony on the Continent in which good Order, Peace, and good Government, have more prevailed than in this, or in which Officers of every kind have discharged the duties of their respective Offices with more Prudence, Moderation and Firmness. Through your Excellency's great care and Wisdom, we find the unsettled Lands improving and settling with rapid progress, and that your Excellency is pleased to give every necessary encourage ment to promote and facilitate the same, and that even by your Excellency's own Example.* And if your Excellency's wise Administration should be continued, we make no doubt in a few Years of seeing this Province not unequal to those of its Neighbors, in numbers of People and Opulence. _ Whatever Aspersions your Excellency's Character may have inju riously met with in England, from prejudiced and designing Men, with regard to your Excellency's governing this Province, we are assured, and believe every disinterested person will join with us, that they are urged without any just foundation — and, were those Matters * Gov. Wentworth had begun a plantation for himself, in the town of Wolf borough, on which he expended large sums. [Belknap's Hist. ofJV.H., vol. i., p. 339, Hovered., 1831.] MISCELLANEOUS FACTS AND ANECDOTES. 249 represented in a True point of Light, we are fully satisfied that your Excellency would receive the Approbation of His Majesty, and the Applause of the People of this Province in general. At a meeting of the said Inhabitants of Concord, on Thursday, the 1st day of April, A. D. 1773 — Voted, That the foregoing Address be immediately presented to His Excellency John Wentworth, Esq., Captain General, Governor, and Commander-in-Chief in and over the said Province of New- Hampshire. Attest . Tmo -RrALKEE) jTf Town Clerkm 1774. During the year 1774 the settlement of the long controversy between the proprietors of Bow and Rumford " was completed." Immediately thereupon, and even in anticipation of it, a petition was presented by Timothy Walker, Jr., " in behalf of himself and his associates," to the General Court of Massachusetts, setting forth the great expense they had been at, and losses incurred by the controversy with Bow, and praying that, as a remuneration, " a tract of land may be granted them on the Ammoscoggin river," in the Province of Maine. Through the politeness of Timothy Walker, Esq., of Rumford, Maine, youngest son of the late Charles Walker, Esq., and grandson of the Hon. Timothy Walker, of Concord, I have been furnished with a copy of the said petition, and the proceedings of the General Court in relation to it, with the names of the original grantees of the new township; also, a copy of the record of their early proceedings — all of which must be interesting to the descendants of the original settlers, both of Concord and of Rumford, in Maine.* MISCELLANEOUS -FACTS AND ANECDOTES RELATIVE TO THIS PERIOD. SLAVES. Concord, March 4, 1767. Received of Andrew McMillan the sum of forty-seven pounds ten shillings, lawful money, in full consideration for my Negro Boy slave named Csesar, aged about eleven years, which Negro Boy I have this day sold to said McMillan, and promise to warrant and defend the * See Documents for Chapter VIII., No. 7. 250 PARISH OF CONCORD. property of said Negro Boy to him, the said McMillan,* and his heirs or assigns forever, against the claims of any other person or persons whatsoever. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the day and date above mentioned. Witness • I Paul Burbeen» Benjamin OsaooD.f ' { James Osgood. Know all Men by these Presents, That I, Patrick Gault, of Chester, in His Majesty's Province of New-Hampshire, in New-England, husbandman, for and in consider ation of the sum of twenty pounds, lawful money, to me in hand befere the delivery hereof, well and truly paid by Andrew McMillan, of Concord, in the Province aforesaid, Esq., the receipt whereof I do hereby acknowledge, have bargained and sold, and by these presents do bargain and sell unto him, the said Andrew McMillan, my Negro Garl, named Dinah, aged about eight years, to have and to hold the said Negro Garl Dinah, by these presents, to him, the said Andrew McMillan, his heirs, administrators and assigns ; and I, the said Pat rick Gault, for myself, my heirs and administrators, shall and will warrant, and forever defend her, the said Negro Garl, unto him, the said Andrew McMillan, his heirs, administrators and assigns, against all the claims and demands of any person or persons whomsoever ; and have put her, the said Negro Garl, into his, the said Andrew McMillan's, possession, by delivering her unto him, the said McMil lan, at the time of sealing hereof. In witness whereof I have here unto set my hand and seal, this 24th day of May, and in the eighth year of His Majesty's reign, A. D. one thousand seven hundred and sixty--eight. m . Tn ™™™*<, nf I Hannah McMillan, Patrick X Gatjlt. Inpresentsof us:|Sam,INoyeSi > >- Billerica, May 2, 1761. > Know all Men by these Presents, That I, Hannah Bowers, of Bil lerica, widow, have sold unto Lot Colby, of Rumford, in the Province of New-Hampshire, a mulatto Negro Boy, named Salem,f and have received forty-five shillings sterling, in full consideration for the said boy, as witness my hand. Hannah Bowmg Test.:H0S?Ph^alker' I J osiah Bowers. * See Biographical Notice of Andrew McMillan, Esq. t Benjamin Osgood was a brother of McMillan's wife. X That slaves were bought and Bold like cattle and horses, previous to the Revolution, appears from the following, taken from the Essex Journal, (Newburyport,) March 2, 1774 : "To be sold, A HEALTHY NEGRO GIRL, about twenty-three years old — born in this country. LIKEWISE, A SERVICEABLE MARE, which goes well in a carriage. Enquire of the Printers." MISCELLANEOUS FACTS AND ANECDOTES. 251 Of the subsequent history of the "Negro Garl Dinah" but little is now known, except that on the removal of her master to Conway, in 1774, she was left, probably, in the family of Mrs. McMillan's mother, (" Mother Osgood,") and that she married and settled in the neighboring town of Canterbury, where she lived to an advanced age, familiarly known as " Old Dinah," where several families of her descendants now reside and are frequently seen in the streets of Concord selling baskets. The "Boy Caesar" accompanied his master to Conway, but was roving and unsteady in his habits, and finally absented him self from the family entirely. He married twice, and died in 1847 or 1848, in the ninety-second year of his age. His eldest daughter, Lois, is now living, in good health, in the family of Daniel Eastman, of Conway.* Aaron Stevens, commonly called " crowner " — that is, Cor oner Stevens — had a negro man who was the town " dog- whipper" — it being his office to scourge dogs out of the meeting-house on the Sabbath, for which he received a few pennies from such as were disposed to pay him. The faithful discharge of his office afforded fine amusement for the children during Sabbath hours. Capt. John Roach, who lived in the old " Rogers house," east of the late Gov. Hill's residence, owned a negro woman. She had a child, who was tak^n care of and supported by the town. Dea. Joseph Hall, senior, had a slave woman who had two children, one named Lois and the other John Brown. John was given to Dea. Jonathan Wilkins, who married a grand-daughter of Dea. Hall. John was rum compos, and gave the deacon so much trouble that at last he threw him on the town for support. At one time John was put to hoeing potatoes alone ; but it was found he skipped over every other hill. Being asked what he did it for, said — "So as to keep up." He was once sent to turn out calves from the stall, but, not succeeding in unfastening their yokes, the deacon's hired man turned the calve3 out and yoked John up. Of other slaves in Concord about this time, tradition has preserved some interesting reminiscences. Ephraim Farnum, * Information from Dr. Chadbourne. 252 PARISH OF CONCORD. grandfather of Moses H. Farnum, and hving on the same spot, owned a black boy named Ccesar. Mr. Farnum had a pen for small pigs near his kitchen door. On looking into it early one morning, he discovered a bundle closely pinned together, which, on opening, he found contained an infant negro child. Pitying the little foundling, he took it from the pig-pen into his house, and took care of it. Some ten years afterwards a gentleman from Massachusetts called very privately on Mr. Farnum, inquired for the boy, and made a suitable compensation for the good care that had been taken of him. Csesar was a favorite among the white boys of about his age. Capt. Samuel Herbert says he "used to think it quite a treat to go up and have a good play with Caesar Farnum." Abraham Bradley had a negro slave named Pompey — com monly called "Pomp" — for whom he paid thirty bushels of corn. " Pomp " was quite a favorite in the family. He was the attendant and sort of life-guard of John Bradley in his boy hood. In his last will Mr. Bradley gave Pomp to his grandson John, and ordered his executor " to take especial care that my said negro be not wronged by my aforesaid grandson in any ways ; and if he should wrong him, I give him power to do him justice." Mr. Bradley also gave Pomp " the use and improve ment of one half acre of land," near his dwelling-house, during his natural life.* Col. Benjamin Rolfe owned a negro who, in 1772, when the inventory of Col. Rolfe's property was taken, was valued at £55, lawful money. William Coffin, the grandfather of Samuel Coffin, Esq., owned a negro woman named " Lucy." " Sampson," a negro belonging to Archelaus Moore, of Canterbury, wanted her for his wife ; and there was an agreement that Sampson should work one year for Mr. Coffin to pay for her. A man's wages at that time were about forty dollars a year, or the price of a yoke of oxen. Sampson was a famous fiddler, and for many years afforded fine fun for frolicsome fellows in Concord with his fiddle on election days. Rev. Timothy Walker had three slaves : a man called Prince, •See biography of John Bradley, and Abraham Bradley's will. MISCELLANEOUS FACTS AND ANECDOTES. 253 and two women — Luce and Violet. Prince was good natured, much attached to his master, and faithful in taking care of horses and cattle. On the adoption of the State Constitution he had his freedom, and went to Andover, where he lived with Dr. Thomas Eattredge. There he married. At one time he came back to Concord dressed in a red coat, which he displayed with much pride, saying — "I rides in the troop, I do." Prince became very infirm, and was thrown on the town of Woburn for support till he died. Violet married in Dunbarton. Luce died in Concord. Lieut. Richard Herbert had a slave named Nancy, who was said to have been born in Boston about 1766, and when nine days old was given to a man resident in Bow, who, wishing to remove from the vicinity, brought her to Rumford, and, in 1768, sold her to Lieut. Herbert for about five dollars. As Nancy is very well remembered by many now Hving, and was much esteemed, the following notice of her will be interesting : When bought by Mr. Herbert " she was about eighteen months old, and grew up with the children of the family — attended school a little — learned to read and to recite the catechism. She used to say she ' was treated just the same as the other children, but she supposed she did not expect so much ;' and, also, ' that she was never conscious of a wish that she had been born white.' The adoption of the State Constitution, in 1783, was regarded as abolishing slavery within the State. She was about fifteen years of age, and often spoke of the fears she felt lest the Constitution should be adopted. She had been told that she came from Boston, and had a notion that she must return there, and she was constantly inquiring about the city and the road thither. One day she was engaged in washing dishes, when some one came in and told her she was free ! She burst into tears, exclaiming, * What will become of me !' She supposed she must start for Boston. The family gathered round, and she said she never was so rejoiced as when it was decided that she should remain in her old and only home. An arrangement was immediately effected as to compensation, which continued till the death of Mrs. Herbert, senior, who made provision for Nancy in her son's family through life. 254 PARISH OF CONCORD. " In 1816 she became a member of the church under Dr. McFarland's ministry, and honored her profession. She was faithful, affectionate and cheerful. The anecdotes and incidents of early times, stored in her retentive memory, were a source of infinite pleasure to the children, each of whom had been in turn her favorite. She read much, usually the Bible — was sensible and dignified in manners — none knew but to esteem her. Both Charles and Jonathan Herbert left her bequests by will. In her charities she felt a particular interest in the Education Society, in the cause of Missions, and in all efforts for the elevation of her race. The last two years of her life she was unable to walk much, or attend church often; but death came suddenly and without terror. She died of paralysis, after an illness of two days, October 9, 1845, aged seventy-nine. The following epitaph, written by the late Benjamin Gleason, Esq., of Charles town, Massachusetts, was received too late for inscription on her tomb-stone : " ' At first unknown — then gold a slave ; Then free, and loved from early youth ; In Christian hope, ripe for the grave : This tablet but records her worth.' " BEAR STORIES. Soon after moving to his place, west of Long Pond, Mr. Reuben Abbot heard one of his hogs squeal, which was running at large in the woods. Presuming that a bear had caught it, he hastily seized his gun and went in pursuit. He came in sight of the bear, which was devouring the hog, in the field east of Mr. Jerry Abbot's house. He leveled his gun at the bear, but it missed fire three times. The bear then turned and ran towards Mr. Abbot, who, to escape, sprung upon a small tree, which the bear could'nt climb. In relating the circumstance, Mr. Abbot used to say " that the old paw of the bear just touched his leather breeches." The flint of his gun being out of order, Mr. Abbot hallooed for his brother James, who came, and the bear was killed. Oliver Hoit was the first settler, about 1772, on Horse Hill. It was then a wilderness, and the bears and wolves were very MISCELLANEOUS FACTS AND ANECDOTES. 255 troublesome — devouring his sheep when they were but a small distance from his house. He used to kill bears, some by shoot ing and others by trapping. The trap was formed of heavy logs in the shape of the figure 4 — the upper log falling when the bear entered to take the bait. One trap was set at a dis tance of nearly three miles from his house. On a warm day in May he rode his old mare to the trap, and found a large bear in it, dead. How to get it home he was at a loss, but soon con trived a way which proved successful. He took off his vest, and buttoned it tight round the old mare's head to blind her eyes, to prevent her being frightened at the bear ; next, he took the throat-latch from the bridle, and buckled it tight round the old mare's tail ; then cut a hole through the bear's nose, and put in a withe and fastened the other end to the strap on the mare's -tail— mounting, he rode home, dragging the bear after him, much amused at the success of his contrivance.* Mr. Zebediah Farnum, who lived where Samuel Ames now lives, proposed to Ephraim, son of Deacon Farnum, to go over Rattle-snake Hill, to the east side of Long Pond, and see if they could shoot a bear. They crossed the brook at the outlet of the pond, and in a few moments their dogs began to bark. When they came to them, they found the dogs had treed a large bear. Zebediah shot at it. The bear fell to the ground, and ho sup posed it was dead ; but when the dogs came, and began to smell of the bear, the creature began to kick, and snarl, and fight the dogs. Zebediah, who was very resolute and courageous, thinking that the dogs would get beaten, sprung astride the bear, and took it by the ears, while Ephraim thrust the butt of his gun into the bear's mouth. In this position the bear was held until it was exhausted ; when Zeb. let go of one ear, and, taking his jack- knife from his pocket, and opening it with his teeth, cut the bear's throat, which bled to death in a few moments. At another time Zebediah Farnum killed a bear with a large pitch-pine knot. He heard the bear squeal or grunt, and started in the direction of the sound, near where Isaac Ferrin now lives. Coming near he found bruin in the act of robbing a wasp's nest * Tradition, by George Abbot, Esq. 256 PARISH OF CONCORD. in the ground ; — sticking his head in, the wasps would sting, and he squeal. Zeb., creeping up unseen, and watching his chance, when the bear's head was in the hole, struck him across the back with his club, and killed him.* Stephen Farnum, and John, his cousin, killed a bear at Horse Hill. While the bear was engaged in defending himself against the dog, Stephen clenched him by the ears, and John knocked his brains out with a pitch-pine knot.* Rev. Ephraim Abbot, now of Westford, Massachusetts, relates, " That his uncle, Isaac Abbot, told him that he and his brother Ephraim went to the Dark Plains to get a load of candle wood, and came to a large wind-fall tree ; that one of them struck upon it with an axe, and a large bear came out of it, and was about to make an attack upon them ; but that they defended themselves and killed the bear with the axe and a lever. The flesh weighed about four hundred pounds." The late Moses Abbot and Richard Flanders, who lived near Hopkinton line, west of Long Pond, employed Mr. Asa Herrick, surveyor, to perambulate the fine between them. While at work they were attracted to an old root, by the barking of their dog. There they found a bear. Herrick says, " Let it out ;" Abbot says_, " Keep it in," and struck at the bear with the head of his axe. But as bruin attempted to come out, he turned the edge of his axe, and with a well aimed blow struck it into the bear's head, and soon killed it. After drawing the bear out, Lieut. Herrick seeing its huge paws, was greatly terrified — being more afraid of a dead bear than of a live one.* The late Richard Potter used to relate that soon after settling on his place, — where Mr. Thomas D. Potter now fives, — he one night heard an unusual commotion among his hogs, in a pen near the house. He got up and looked about, but saw nothing. After carefully covering the pen with boards, he went to bed, but was soon after roused again by the squealing of his hogs. On going out, he found one of them missing — being borne off by a bear, which carried it on to the hill west of his house, and there devoured it. The bristles of the swine thus devoured were afterwards gathered up, and preserved many years in the family. « Tradition, by George Abbot, Esq. MISCELLANEOUS FACTS AND ANECDOTES. 257 At another time, (soon after his settlement,) Mr. Potter heard a noise at the lower end of " Pine Hill," southeast of his house. Proceeding thither, he found a bear. Bruin had mistaken a wasp's nest in the roots of a tree for a honey-bee's nest, and was attacking it fiercely for its supposed sweets ! But the attack proved a bitter sweet — for the wasps, stirred up at so unprovoked an attack, had gone at him with waspish fury ! The bear would rush up to the tree, thrust both paws into the nest, and then, covered with wasps — paws, head and ears — he would retreat a rod or two, uttering the most painful shrieks ! Mr. Potter furnished himself with a stout pitch-wood knot, and when the bear rushed up to the tree to attack the wasps, he rushed up behind him, and dealt him a blow that staggered him ; and, re peating them with a will, he brought bruin to the ground, and despatched him.* MILITIA. In 1774 there were two companies of militia in Concord, be longing to the fifteenth regiment, of which the field officers were, Andrew McMillan, Esq.,f Colonel ; Thomas Stickney, Esq., Lieut. Colonel ; Benjamin Thompson, Esq., Major. Their com missions were dated January 20, 1774. Non- Commissioned Field Officer — James Walker, Sergeant- Major. UNIFORM OF THE REGIMENT. "The officers to wear red coats, cuff'd, lin'd and lapel'd with sky- blue. Sky-blue waistcoats and breeches, all triin'd with white. Black hats with silver hat-band, button and ioops, without lace. White stockings, cockade, sash and white gorgets. Swords with silver hilts. Captains and Lieutenants to carry fusees. Field officers to wear silver shoulder knots." " By order of His Excellency, John Wentworth, Esq., Captain-General. "February 15, 1774." EXERCISE. " The exercise or discipline ordered to be observed and practised in this regiment is that composed for the use of and practised by the Militia of the County of Norfolk, in Great Britain." " By order of His Excellency," &c. * Tradition, by Hon. C. E. Potter. f After 1774 the name of Colonel Andrew McMillan disappears from our record. See Bio graphical Sketches. 17 258 PARISH OF CONCORD. OFFICERS OF THE FIRST COMPANY IN CONCORD. Joshua Abbot, Captain, . . . Commissioned February 21, 1774. Jonathan Stickney, Lieutenant, Commissioned February 21, 1774. John Shute, Ensign, .... Commissioned February 21, 1774. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Richard Haseltine, 1st Sergeant,* May 24, 1774. John Chase, 2d Sergeant, May 24, 1774. Dan Stickney, 3d Sergeant, May 24, 1774. Nathan Kinsman, 4th Sergeant, May 24, 1774. OFFICERS OF THE SECOND COMPANY, BEING THE SIXTH IN THE REGIMENT.t Abiel Chandler, Captain, . . Commissioned February 26, 1774. Ebenezer Virgin, Lieutenant, . . Commissioned February 26, 1774. Jonathan Eastman, Ensign, . . Commissioned February 26, 1774. TOWN ACCOUNTS. Extracts from Accounts exhibited and accepted, from March 5th, 1771, to March, 1775. £ .. d. To Abiel Chandler, for keeping school and surveying for the parish, 55 14 2} To Jo. Emery, for keeping school, 0 10 6 Patrick Guinlon, for keeping school, 31 17 6 John Blanchard's order for boarding a school mistress, 0 7 6 Robert Hogg, for keeping school two years at £30, .60 0 0 Daniel Abbot, for a wolf's head, 0 10 0 Dr. E. H. Gross, for taking care of Jacob Pilsbury and wife, .. 2 78 Rev. Mr. Timo. Walker, for procuring the incorpora tion of Concord, 5 5 10 Joseph Eastman, jr., for a wolf's head, 0 4 0 Timo. Walker, jr., for a set of measures, 53 crows' heads, articles supplied Pilsbury, and his service as selectman and clerk, 7 16 Abiel Chandler, for surveying 0 6 0 Benj. Emery's order for carrying out a lame man, and his services as selectman, 2 80 1772. To the Rev'd Mr. Timo. Walker, for preaching from 26th day of Jan'y, 1772, to 26th Jan'y, 1773, 47 1 0J To John Kimball, for making 5 staves for the tyth- ing men, 0 63 * The First Sergeant was Clerk of the Company. t Tlie names of the Privates in these Companies are not to be found, but the number on the " Alarm List" of the two Companies was one hundred and ninety. X Equal to $156,83, or £130, at silver 17s. per ounce. PARISH* OFFICERS. 259 To sundry articles supplied Elisabeth Russ and Sam- £ .. *. uel Walker, 1 73 To Noah Parker, for one new weight, and sealing the old ones, 0 12 0 To Gilman West, for making nails for the meeting-house, 0 5 5 FROM 1774 TO 1775. To Abiel Chandler, for surveying roads and taking the number of the people, 3 10 6 John Kimball, for mending the meeting-house, and for nails for do., 0 13 0 Andrew McMillan, Esq., for petitioning the General Court, and assisting in settling Mr. Walker's salary, 6 0 0 John Kimball, for a coffin for the body of Sainuel Walker, .: . . 0 6 0 Timothy Walker, jr., for his bill against the parish the year past, 2 13 3 Do. for journey to Exeter, to attend the Congress, 5 days at 5s., travail 13s. id., 1 18 4 To cash paid John Giddinge, for the support of the delegates at the Continental Congress, as per rec't, 6 4 0 Rev'd Mr. Walker, for three journeys to Exeter, to attend the Congress, 3 16 0 To cash paid John Giddinge, for the support of the Delegates, as per rec't, 3 10 0 To a horse the above four journeys, at 6s., .... 1 40 To cash paid Mr. John Fowle, for taking care of Dr. Carrigin, when sick of the small pox, as per rec't, .3 0 0 To 711 feet of plank for bridges, 2 10 Abated Nath'l Chandler Abbot, 0 2 6 LIST OF OFFICERS ANNUALLY CHOSEN IN THE PARISH OF CONCORD, FROM 1766 TO 1775. Moderator, Clerk, . . Selectmen, . Constable, . Tythingmen, March 4, 1766. March 3, 1767. Ezra Carter, Esq Ezra Carter. Benjamin Rolfe, Esq. . . . Benjamin Rolfc. Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., . . . Lt. Rich. Hasseltine, Mr. Joseph Farnum, . . . Philip Eastman, Mr. John Chandler, Jr. . . Amos Abbot. Lot Colby . Joseph Farnum, Lt. Richard Hasseltine, . . Lt. Tho's Stickney, Nathaniel Eastman, . . . John Kimball, Amos Abbot Lt.Timothy Bradley. 260 PARISH OF CONCORD. Surveyors of Highways, Fence-viewers, Field-drivers,'' Hogreeves, Surveyors of Lumber, . i Sealer of Leather, . . William Coffin. Sealer of Wts. and Meas., Lt. Nathaniel Abbot, Ebenezer Virgin, Reuben Abbot, . Robert Davis, . Richard Flanders, Dea. George Abbot. Timothy Bradley, Capt. John Chandler, Amos Abbot, Ebenezer Hall, Dea. Joseph Hall. (Philip Eastman, Benjamin Emery, Lt. Peter Coffin, Isaac Chase, Joseph Hall, Jr. John Chandler, Jr. Daniel Gale, Benjamin Fifield, Abiel Lovejoy, . James Walker, . Simon Trumble. John Kimball. . John Blanchard. Moderator, . Clerk, . . Selectmen, . Constable, . Tythingmen, Sealer of Leather, March 1, 1768. Capt. John Chandler. Benjamin Rolfe. f Benjamin Rolfe, j Ebenezer Hall, . ' Reuben Kimball, Nathaniel Eastman. ' Reuben Abbot, . Robert Davis, . Ebenezer Virgin, ' David Hall, Sealer of Wts. and Meas., Nathaniel Abbot, ' John Chandler, Jr., Surveyors of Highways, Fence-viewers, Field-drivers, Hogreeves, Dea. George Abbot, Benjamin Fifield, . Ephraim Famum, Jr., James Walker, . Ezekiel Diamond, . Joseph Farnum, jr., Dea. Joseph Hall, . Capt. Joseph Eastman, Richard Herbert, . Benjamin Emery, . Jacob Hoit. . ' John Bradley, . William Virgin, Joshua Abbot, . . ' Moses Eastman, Jr., James Hasseltine, . Jonathan Stickney, . William Coffin, . . Jabez Abbot, William Coffin. Lt. Nath'l Abbot. Dea. George Abbot, Ens. Jona. Chase, Ebenezer Virgin, Abiel Lovejoy, Peter Coffin, Dea. Joseph Hall. ' Nathaniel Eastman, William Coffin, Lt. Tho's Stickney, Dea. Joseph Hall, Ebenezer Hall, Ephraim Farnum. . Joseph Eastman, Jr., . Benjamin Fifield, . John Bradley, . Richard Eastman, . Daniel Gale. . Benja. Hunnifbrd. . John Kimball. March 7, 1769. . Capt. John Chandler. . Timothy Walker, Jr. . Reuben Kimball, . Ebenezer Hall, . Timothy Walker, Jr. . Capt. Peter Coffin.* . Reuben Abbot, . Robert Davis, . Moses Eastman. . David Hall. , Lt. Nathaniel Abbot. Lt. Timothy Bradley, Dea. George Abbot, Benjamin Fifield, Ephraim Farnum, Jr., Joseph Farnum, Benjamin Hanniford, Ezekiel Diamond, Dea. Joseph Hall. Phinehas Virgin, Richard Herbert, Robert Davis, Jacob Hoyt. C John Bradley, I William Virgin, I Joshua Abbot, [ Chandler Lovejoy. Robert Eastman, Samuel Colby, Jr., Jonathan Stickney, John Bradley, Benjamin Farnum. * July 4, Jacob Hoyt, Constable. PARISH OFFICERS. 261 ( John Kimball, . . ( Benjamin Hanniford, Benjamin Hanniford. March 6, 1770. Andrew McMillan. Clerk, Timothy Walker, Jr. ( Timothy Walker, Jr., Selectmen, . . . . i Reuben Kimball, . ( Benjamin Emery. . Constable, .... Daniel Carter. . Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keeper, . Moderator, Tythingmen, ' Capt. Thomas Stickney, Philip Eastman, Amos Abbot. Sealer of Leather, . . David Hall. . Sealer of Wts. and Meas., Nathaniel Abbot. Surveyors of Highways, Fence-viewers, ' Dea. George Abbot, John Chandler, Jr., Joseph Hasseltine, . Daniel Chase, Jr., . Joseph Farnum, Jabez Abbot, James Walker, . Richard Eastman, . Phinehas Virgin, . Richard Herbert, . Ezekiel Diamond, . _ Ephraim Farnum, Jr Field-drivers, . Hogreeves, . Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keeper, . John Bradlee, . Moses Eastman, Jr John Chase, Abiel Joseph Eastman, Jr. Nathaniel Abbot, Jr Colman Hoyt, Nathan Colby, Samuel Colby I John Kimball, ) Benjamin Hanniford. Benjamin Hanniford. March 3, 1772. Moderator, .... Andrew McMillan, Clerk, Timothy Walker, Jr. ' Timothy Walker, Jr., Selectmen, . Constable, . Tythingmen, Sealer of Leather, Joseph Hall, Jr., Phinehas Virgin. . Lt. Timothy Bradlee. ' Capt. Thomas Stickney, Nathaniel West, Lt. John Chandler, . Ezekiel Diamond, . Joseph Farnum. David Hall. . . . Sealer of Wts. and Meas., Joshua Abbot. Fence-viewers, . C Ebenezer Virgin, } John Shute, . / Ebenezer Hall. . ( John Kimball, 1 Benjamin Hanniford, ( Henry Martin. . Benjamin Hanniford. March 5, 1771. . Andrew McMillan. . Timothy Walker, Jr. . Philip Eastman, . Timothy Walker, Jr., . Benjamin Emery. . William Coffin. I Capt. Tho's. Stickney, Lt. Timothy Bradley, Benjamin Hanniford, Amos Abbot. . David Hall. ¦ John Kimball. George Abbot, William Virgin, Asa Kimball, Jacob Shute, ¦ Jonathan Chose, Jonathan Stickney, Benjamin Emery, Joseph Farnum, . Jabez Abbot. ' Capt. Tho's Stickney, Phinehas Virgin, James Walker, Ebenezer Hall, Dea. Joseph Hall, Ephraim Farnum, Jr. John Kimball, Jonathan Merrill, Chandler. Robert Eastman. Capt. Tho's Stickney, Simon Trumble, Benjamin Fifield, Jonathan Eastman, Abiel Chandler. John Kimball, Benjamin Hanniford, Samuel Springer. Benjamin Hanniford. March 2, 1773. . Andrew McMillan. . Timothy Walker, Jr. . John Kimball, . Amos Abbot, . Timothy Walker, Jr. . Joseph Hall, Jr. . Nathaniel West, . Thomas Stickney, . Joseph Farnum, . Ezekiel Diamond, . Phinehas Virgin. . Benjamin Emery. . Josliua Abbot. f William Coffin, Rich'd Hasseltine, Jr., \ Ebenezer Virgin, I Ephraim Farnum, Jr., [ Joseph Hasseltine. 262 PARISH OF CONCORD. Surveyors of Highways, Field-drivers, Hogreeves, . . . . Surveyors of Lumber, . Pound-keeper, . Moderator Clerk, Selectmen, . Constable, . Tythingmen, Sealer of Leather, . . Sealer of Wis. and Meas. Surveyors of Highways, - Hogreeves, .... Surveyors of Lumber, . Pound-keeper, . ' George Abbot, . William Virgin, Nathaniel Abbot, Henry Beck, Jacob Shute, Robert Davis, . John Blanchard, Amos Abbot, . Jonathan Chose. C Robert Eastman, } John Bradley, . ( John Chase. . . Simon Trumble, Daniel Gale, William Currier, Ephraim Carter, Jr Philip Harriman, Abie! Chandler, ( John Kimball, . | Benjamin Hanniford, Benjamin Hanniford, March 1, 1774. Peter Green, Esq. Timothy Walker, Jr. ( Timothy Walker, Jr., } Ens. Reaben Kimball, { ( Col. Thomas Stickney. John Chandler, Jr. ' Thomas Stickney, Nathaniel West, Phinehas Virgin, Ezekiel Diamond, Joseph Farnum. Thomas Wilson, Joshua Abbot. Robert Davis, Ezekiel Diamond, Thomas Stickney, Timothy Bradley, Moses Eastman, Nathan Abbot, Henry Martin, Ebenezer Hall, John Shute. Ebenezer Virgin, William Coffin, Richard Hasseltine, Jr., Jonathan Stickney. Nathaniel Eastman, John Bradley, , Ezekiel Diamond, Jr. Nathaniel Eastman, James Hasseltine, Richard Herbert, Daniel Chase, Jr., Dan Stickney, Stephen Farnum. ' John Kimball, Benjamin Hanniford, Henry Martin. Benjamin Hanniford. . George Abbot, . Jacob Shnte, . Robert Davis, . Ezekiel Carter, . Jabez Abbot, . William Virgin, . Moses Sawyer, . Ebenezer Hall, . Moses Eastman. John Shnte, William Coffin, Robert Eastman, Joseph Famum, Jr., Philip Harriman. . James Walker, . Joseph Abbot, . Daniel Chase, Jr., . Stephen Farnum, . Jonathan Stickney, . Robert Eastman. . John Kimball, . Benjamin Hanniford. . Benjamin Hanniford. CHAPTER IX. PERIOD OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION FROM 1775 TO 1785. At the commencement of the Revolution the inhabitants of Concord partook largely of the spirit of liberty, and of hatred to the oppressive measures of the British government, that per vaded other portions of the country. Early in 1775 the popular feeling was manifested against Major Benjamin Thompson, afterwards Count Rumford. Mr. Thompson, then about twenty-two years of age, was a native of Woburn, Massachusetts ; had been employed as a school teacher in Concord for about three years previous. Having married Mrs. Sarah, widow of Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., and daughter of . Rev. Mr. Walker, he had visited Exeter and Portsmouth, became acquainted with leading men in the Province, and attracted the attention of Governor John Wentworth, from whom, in 1774, he received the commission of major in the New-Hampshire militia. But as Gov. Wentworth was known to favor the cause of the crown rather than of the colonies, the people were suspicious of their young townsman, because he consented to hold a commis sion under him. Another circumstance that more inflamed them, was, that two British officers, of Gen. Gage's army in Boston, had visited Concord on furlough, and been entertained at Major Thompson's house. These circumstances, added to the fact that Mr. Thompson spoke doubtfully of the American cause, were the occasion of popular indignation against him. Tradition says that measures were concerted by a number of the more zealous 264 PARISH OF CONCORD. patriots to surround his house on a given evening, to seize his person, and then to treat him according to their judgment of his demerits ; but, being timely admonished, Major Thompson with drew to his native town, where he found himself equally insecure. It is said that he. in vain sought for service in the American cause previous to the battle at Bunker Hill. Being every where suspected of toryism, he finally placed himself under the protec tion of Gen. Gage, in Boston.* As soon as the news of the battle at Lexington, April 19th, 1775, reached Concord, Capt. Abiel Chandler raised a volun teer company of thirty-six men, and marched to Cambridge, where they remained a fortnight. The names of this patriotic band, and of others from Concord who hastened to the scene of blood, cannot now be ascertained.f But at a meeting, December 5th, it was voted, " That Capt. Abiel Chandler and those that went under him to Cambridge, upon the alarm in April last, be paid by the parish, at the same rate that other troops in this colony are paid." In May, 1775, a circular was 'received from a committee appointed by the Congress at Exeter, calling for a Convention of Deputies from the several towns in the Province, to meet at Exeter, May 17th, " fully empowered and authorized to adopt and pursue such measures as may be judged most expedient to preserve the rights of this and the other Colonies;" — which deputies should hold their seats, if necessary, six months. Pur suant to this, a town-meeting was immediately called, (May 11th,) and Timothy Walker, jr., elected " to represent the inhab itants of Concord at the proposed General Convention for the term of six months." This Convention was composed of one hundred and fifty-one delegates, and was styled the First Pro vincial Congress. % * See Biographical Sketch of Count Rumford. t Judge' Patten, of Bedford, in his journal of April 21, 1775, speaking of the fight at Lex ington — the news of which he received on the 20lh — says : 41 Our John and John Dobbin and my bro'r Samuel's two oldest sons, sett off and joined Derryfield men, and about six from GofTstown, and two or three more from this town, under the command of Capt. John Moores, of Derryfield ; they amounted to the No. of 45 in all. Suncook men and two or three others that joined them marched in about an hour after- They amounted to 35. There was nine more went along after them, belonging to Pennykook, or there about, and I went to McGregore's, and I got a pound of come on credit." X See N. H. Register, 1652, p. 40. Previous to this time both the Rev. Mr. Walker and Timothy Walker, jr., had attended a Convention at Exeter. See preceding " Accounts," Ilc. THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL. 265 In vain did the Governor, John Wentworth, attempt to repress or control the spirit of liberty every where awakened. In a private letter written by him about this time he says : " Our hemisphere threatens a hurricane. I have in vain strove, almost to death, to prevent it. If I can at last bring out of it safety to my country and honor to my sovereign, my labors will be joyful." But he could do neither ; despairing of his efforts, and deeming his authority lost, and himself insulted by the proceedings of the Provincial Assembly, in the month of September follow ing he entirely withdrew from the government of the Province.* The fight at Lexington had kindled a patriotic flame all over the country. Companies were immediately formed, who hastened to the scene of danger in the vicinity of Boston. ¦ Among these, in the regiment commanded by Col. John Stark, were three com panies from Concord and neighboring towns, under the command of Capt. Gokdon Hutchins, Capt. Joshua Abbot and Capt. Aaron Kinsman. These all shared in the glory of the battle at Bunker Hill, on the 17th of June, 1775. f Tradition says that in the battle Capt. Abbot's company was stationed on the extreme left, without even the slight protection afforded by the rail-fence, or heaps of hay, enjoyed by most of the regiment. The losses sustained by the several companies from Concord, according to returns made, were estimated as follows : CAPT. GORDON HUTCHINS'S COMPANY. £ s d Daniel Livermore, 2d Lieut., one gun, 3 0 0 William Beard, 0 4 0 Pratt Chase, 056 Alexander Patterson, 030 Benjamin Baker, 140 George Shannon, 620 Total, . . . . 10 IS ~6 CAPT. JOSHUA ABBOT'S COMPANY. £ s. d. William Mitchell, killed, 730 Abiel Chandler, 2d Lieutenant, .J> _2 _0 12 5 U * Belknap's Hist., Ch. 24 : 1774 - 5. fSee Muster Rolls, in Secretary's office, and names of men from Concord, in Doc. No. 2, Chap. IX. 266 PARISH OF CONCORD. CAPT. AARON KINSMAN'S COMPANY. £ «. d. Aaron Kinsman, .300 Nathaniel Fox, 0 15 0 Abraham Kimball, lost a gun, 280 John Folsom, 1 16 0 Thomas Frohawk, 1 18 0 Alexander Smith, 1 19 0 William Willey, 280 James Aiken, 1 16 0 John Shirley,* 280 Francis Knight, 110 Samuel Bean, 0 12 0 Stephen Dudley, 030 Ebenezer Bean, 6 12 0 John Manuel,f killed, 7 10 8 Alexander Shirley,* 2 11 0 Add for James Aiken, 140 Total, ... 32 1 8 A census was taken this year of all the inhabitants of New- Hampshire, agreeably to an order of the General Assembly. In Concord the enumeration was made by Abiel Chandler,:): whose return was as follows : " Males under sixteen years of age, 280 Males from sixteen to fifty years of age, not in the army, . 186 All males above fifty years of age, 36 Persons gone in the army, 46 All females, 490 Negroes and slaves for life, 14 Total, 1052 Fire arms, 98." * This may cartify that Alexander and John Snallery was in my company in Bunker Bill fight, and Alexander Sballery lost a cot and snapsack, to the valey of £2 Ms., and John Shallery lost a cot and jacket to the valey of £2 8s. This is a thrue account as they to told soon after the fight. Aaron Kinsman Capt. June 10, 1776. [Copied from the original.] 1 1776, Jan. 30. Rec'd of Timothy Walker, jr., seven pounds, ten shillings and eight pence, L m y, in full for my son John's loss at Bunker Hill last June ; also, six dollars in full for a coat and blanket promis'd by the Colony of New-Uampshire. Aabor Manual. N. B. Said Manuel was in Capt. Kinsman's company, Col. Stark's regiment. X Paid Abiel Chandler, for surveying roads and taking the number of the people, £3 10». 6a\" — Toon Bee, 1775. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 267 Timothy Walker, jr., was again chosen, December 5, to represent the parish of Concord in General Congress, to be held at Exeter the 21st day of December, 1775, for the term of one year, and " was empowered to pursue such measures as he shall judge necessary for the public good ; and in case there should be a recommendation from the Continental Congress that this colony assume government in any particular form which will require a House of Representatives, that they resolve themselves into such a House as the said Continental Congress shall recommend."* 1776. At this General Congress New-Hampshire stood foremost among the sister Colonies in opposition to the oppressions of the British government. Agreeably to the trust reposed in them by their constituents, having assumed the name and authority of a House of Representatives, they proceeded to choose twelve per sons to be a distinct branch of the Legislature, by the name of a Council, and adopted in fact a constitution, which, it is said, was the first adopted by any of the colonies, after the Revolution com menced.! On the 11th of June, 1776, " a committee was chosen to make a draught of a Declaration of the General Assembly for the Independence of the United Colonies on Great Britain, to be transmitted to our delegates in Congress." This committee con sisted of Samuel Cutts, of Portsmouth, Timothy Walker, of Con cord, and John Dudley, who represented Raymond and Poplin. On the 15th of June the committee reported a draught of a Declaration of Independence, which was unanimously adopt ed, and a copy forwarded to the Delegates from New-Hampshire in Congress. Which of the committee had the honor of drawing up this Declaration, we are not informed, but we claim a share of the honor for our own representative. The New-Hampshire Declaration is as follows : " Whereas it now appears an undoubted fact that notwithstanding all the dutiful petitions and decent remonstrances from the American * December 27, 1775. Timothy Walker, Esq., and Samuel Hobart, Esq., were paymasters of the New-Hampshire troops, of the regiments commanded by Col. Stark, Poor and Reid. June 19, 1776, Colonel Walker was appointed Muster and Paymaster for Capt. Shepard'a company. — Becords, Secretary's office. f See Belknap's iV. H., 1776, Farmer's ed.,and N. H. Hist. Coll., vol. 4, p. 150. 268 PARISH OF CONCORD. colonies, and the utmost exertions of their best friends in England on their behalf, the British ministry, arbitrary and vindictive, are yet determined to reduce by fire and sword our bleeding county, to their absolute obedience ; and for this purpose, in addition to their own forces, have engaged great numbers of foreign mercenaries, who may now be on their passage here, accompanied by a formidable fleet to ravish and plunder the sea-coast ; from all which we may rea sonably expect the most dismal scenes of distress the ensuing year, unless we exert ourselves by every means and precaution possible ; and whereas we of this colony of New-Hampshire have the example of several of the most respectable of our sister colonies before us for entering upon .that most important step of disunion from Great Brit ain, and declaring ourselves free and independent of the crown thereof, being impelled thereto by the most violent and injurious treatment ; and it appearing absolutely necessary in this most critical juncture of our public affairs, that the Honorable the Continental Congress, who have this important object under immediate consid eration, should be also informed of our resolutions thereon without loss of time, we do hereby declare that it is the opinion of this Assembly that our delegates at the Continental Congress should be instructed, and they are hereby instructed, to join with the other colonies in declaring the thirteen united colonies a free and inde pendent State — solemnly pledging our faith and honor that we will on our parts support the measure with our lives and fortunes — and that in consequence thereof they, the Continental Congress, on whose wisdom, fidelity and integrity we rely, may enter into and form such alliances as they may judge most conducive to the present safety and future advantage of these American Colonies : Provided, the regu lation of our own internal police be under the direction of our own Assembly. Entered according to the original, Attest : Noah Emery, Clr. D. Reps. About this time the officers of an armed schooner belonging to the British, which had been seized, were sent to Concord as pris oners of war. To the Selectmen of the Town of Concord, in the State of New- Hampshire : Exeter, January 4th, 1776. Gentlemen : — The persons who accompany this, Mr. Richard Willis, Mr. Joseph Hanwell, Mr. Alexander Reed Elliot, Mr. Owen Williams, and Mr. Magnus Banks, late officers of the armed schooner George, are now prisoners of the United States, and have given their parole of honor to abide in the township of Concord, or within six miles thereof, during the present war, or until they are duly dis charged, and that they will not, directly or indirectly, give any intel ligence whatsover to the enemies of the United States, or do or say ADOPTION OF THE "TEST." 269 any thing in opposition to or prejudice of the measures and proceed ings of any Congress for the said Colonies until said discharge. You are desired to see that the said gentlemen are provided with good lodgings in your town, where they can be well accommodated, and if they are unable to pay the expense, this State will be answer able therefor, at a sum not exceeding twelve shillings per week each. In behalf of the Council and Assembly, I am, gentlemen, your very humble serv't, M. WEARE, President. Selectmen of Concord. At the meeting in March, 1776, " Philip Eastman, Col. Thomas Stickney, Timothy Walker, Jr., Joseph Hall, Jr., and Richard Harbut, were chosen a committee of safety for the parish of Concord, for the year 1776." The duty of this committee was " to transmit to the Congress, or Committee of Safety for the Colony, the names and places of abode of all such persons as they suspect to be any ways inimical to this country; with the causes and evidence of such suspicions." But the better to secure the detection of all persons " disaffected to the cause of America," a test was recommended by the Conti nental Congress, which was adopted by the Provincial Congress. of New-Hampshire, and sent out to .the several towns and parishes for signatures. Of this, directed to the selectmen of Concord, the following is a copy : To the Select Men of Concord : COLONY OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. In Committee of Safety, \ April 12, 1776. j In order to carry the underwritten Resolve of the Honbl8 Conti nental Congress into execution, you are requested to desire all Males above twenty-one years of age (Lunaticks, Idiots and Negroes excepted) to sign to the Declaration on this paper; and when so done to make Return hereof, together with the name or names of all who shall refuse to sign the same, to the General Assembly, or Committee of Safety of this Colony. M. Weare, Chairman. In Congress, March 14, 1776 — Resolved, That it be recommended to the several Assemblies, Conventions, and Councils, or Committees of Safety of the United Colonies, immediately to cause all Persons to be disarmed, within their respective Colonies, who are notoriously disaffected to the cause 270 PARISH OF CONCORD. of America, or who have not associated, and refuse to associate, to defend by Arms the United Colonies against the Hostile Attempts of the British Fleets and Armies. (Copy.) Extract from the Minutes. Charles Thompson, Sec'ry. In consequence of the above Resolution of the Hon. Continental Congress, and to show our Determination in joining our American Brethren, in defending the Lives, Liberties and Properties of the Inhabitants of the United Colonies : We, the Subscribers, do hereby solemnly engage and promise, that we will, to the utmost of our Power, at the Risque of our Lives and Fortunes, with Arms, oppose the Hostile Proceedings of the British Fleets and Armies against the. United American Colonies. Reuben Kimball, John Kimball, Thomas Stickney, Peter Green, Tim>- Walker, jr., Benjamin Emery, John Bradley, Nathan Chandler, Aaron Stevens, James Walker, Robert Davis, Benj. Hanniford, Daniel Gale, David Hall, Simon Danforth, Nathaniel Abbot, Nathaniel Rolfe, Stephen Greenleaf, Samuel Thompson, John Gage, Moses Eastman, jr., Jacob Carter, John Fowle, Levi X Ross, mirk. Jeremiah Bradley, Peter Green, jr., Amos Abbot, Timothy Bradley, Ephraim Farnum, Cornelius Johnson, Philip Eastman, Daniel Abbot, Richard Flanders, Joseph Farnum, Richard Haseltine, Joseph Hall, jr., Benjamin Fifield, Reuben Abbott, Lot Colby, Jonathan Eastman, Daniel Chase, David George, John Stevens, John Virgin, Phineas Stevens, Jabez Abbot, Benjamin Abbot, Ebenezer Hall, Henry Martin, Timothy Simonds, William Fifield, Reuben Abbot, jr., Samuel Butters, Timo. Walker, [Rev.] Henry Beck, Benjamin Rolfe, Oliver Hoit, Theodore Farnum, Ebenezer Farnum, Ephraim Farnum, John Steven, (?) Moses Eastman, Chandler Lovejoy, Samuel Kinkson, Caleb Buswell, Richard Eastman, Solomon Gage, Ezekiel Dimond, jr., Amos Abbot, jr., William Coffin, Joseph Abbot, Jonathan Merrill, James Mitchell, Ezra Carter, Asa Kimball, Jonathan Emerson, Timothy Bradley, jr., Joseph Eastman, Phineas Virgin, William Currier, Ebenezer Simond, Dan Stickney, Josiah Farnum, jr., Elisha Moody, Benjamin Eastman, Jacob Green, Benjamin Farnum, Ebenezer Virgin, Ephraim Potter, Edward Abbott, Jonathan Stickney, Eph'm Farnum, jr., William Virgin, Obadiah Hall, George Abbot, Josiah Farnum, Joseph Farnum, Stephen Kimball, Daniel Hall, Abner Flanders, Nathan Abbot, Jesse Abbot, ENLISTMENT IN THE SERVICE. 271 Isaac Abbot, Ephraim Abbot, Stephen Abbot, George Abbot, jr., Stephen Farnum, Daniel Farnum, Daniel Chandler, Philip Carigain, Daniel Carter, Joseph Clough, Richard Herbert, -Gordon Hutchins, James Haseltine, William Haseltine, Simon Trumbel, John Chase, John Shute, Jacob Shute, Joseph Hall, John X Trumble, mark. Joseph Colby, Ephraim Fisk, Nathaniel Green, Thomas Wilson, Isaac Walker, Ezra Badger, Richard Flanders, Timothy Farnham, Ezekiel Dimond, Joseph Haseltine, Phineas Kimball, Robert Ambros, Benjamin Sweat, Abiel Blanchard, Benjamin Elliot, Joseph Eastman, jr., Richard Potter, Timothy Symonds, Philip Kimball, Timothy Kimball, John Farnum, Ezekiel Carter, Richard Hood, Henry Lovejoy, Lemuel Tucker, Jacob Goodwin, George Graham, Jeremiah Wheeler, Zephaniah Pettey, Zebediah Farnum, Samuel Goodwin, Abner Farnum, Thomas Eaton. 156. James Stevens, Not a single name was returned as " disaffected ;" still, as will appear from the proceedings next year, soai-j were "sus pected," and, whether justly or not, were severely dealt with on that account. Many of the soldiers in service at Bunker Hill enlisted for eight months, and marched this year to join the Continental Army in New-York. Capt. Joshua Abbot and Capt. Benjamin Emery had command of companies.* Capt. Gordon Hutchins was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in Col. Nabum Baldwin's regiment. On their march to New-York many of his soldiers were taken sick, and no medicines being provided in the public stores, Col. Hutchins purchased a quantity for the use of his soldiers at his own expense — being moved, as he said afterward, in a petition to the General Assembly for remuneration, with " pity and humanity towards the unhappy sufferers, and, also, actuated from zeal for the public service."! 1777. This year, March 4th, Messrs. John Kimball, Thoma3 Stickney, Reuben Kimball, Benjamin Emery and Richard Harbut, were * See names of men from Concord in said companies in Doc. No. 2, for Chap. IX. f March 17, 1777, Lt. Col. Gordon Hutchins was allowed and paid out of the treasury of New-Hampshire, £3 6s. Gd. in full for his account of medicines for Col. Baldwin's regi ment, procured by him of Dr. Samuel Tweedy, Stamford, Connecticut, October 3, 1776." [Army Rolls, vol. i., B., pp. 10, 11. ] 272 PARISH OF CONCORD. appointed a " committee of safety." Col. Gordon Hutchins was chosen representative ; and a vote was passed " to reconsider the former vote of the parish, passed March 7, 1775, for leasing the eighty acre lot belonging to the school right, to OUver Hoyt for nine hundred years — he paying the parish six dollars annu ally ;" and it was voted, " that instead of said Hoyt paying six dollars annually, the selectmen are directed to receive of him one hundred dollars, in full consideration for said lot;" and " that the selectmen be directed to lay out the one hundred dollars which they shall receive of Oliver Hoyt for the eighty acre lot,/or a town stock of ammunition." About this time certain prominent individuals were suspected of disaffection to the American cause, notwithstanding they had signed the " Association Test." Hence the following votes were passed March 4th : " Voted, That this Parish will break off all dealings with Peter Green, Esq., Mr. John Stevens, Mr. Nathaniel Green and Dr. Philip Caragain, untill they give satisfaction to the Parish for their past conduct ; and that they be advertised in the Public Prints as Enemies to the United States of America, unless said Persons give said satis faction within thirty days from this date ; and that the above Persons be disarmed by the Committee of Safety untill they give satisfaction to the Public. " Voted, That the Committee be directed to instruct Col. Gordon Hutchins to apply to the Courts of Judicature of this State to dismiss Peter Green, Esq., from" all Business henceforth and forever. " Voted, That if any Persons have any Dealings with Peter Green, Esq., Mr. John Stevens, Mr. Nathaniel Green and Dr. Philip Cara gain, before they give satisfaction to the Public, that they be looked upon as Enemies to their Country by this Parish. " Voted, That the Committee of Safety be directed to instruct Col. Gordon Hutchins to apply to Capt. Parker, the Sheriff for the County of Rockingham, to dismiss Mr. Jacob Green from the office of Deputy Sheriff. . . A true copy — Examined by Timothy Walker, Jr., Clerk." In accordance with the spirit of the above votes, some of the zealous liberty men of the west part of the town meditated something a little more personal. About nine o'clock, one morning, Col. Timothy Walker had just mounted his horse to ride away on business, when he observed a considerable number of West Parish men walking with quick steps by the meeting- ARRESTS FOR TORYISM. 273 house, towards Main street ; and behind them, at some distance, John Bradley, Esq., with a more deliberate step, and apparently in deep thought. Meeting at the corner, by Mr. Hanniford's house, Col. Walker said — " Good morning, Esq. Bradley ; what 's going on ?" " I thought I would walk down and see," said Mr. Bradley. They followed on, and found the West Parish men at " Mother Osgood's " tavern, in high excitement, threatening to go at once and pull down Esq. Peter Green's house. On the arrival of Col. Walker and Mr. Bradley, they entered into a discussion with the West Parish men on the merits of the case, and detained them from executing their purpose till near sun down. Then, inviting them all into " Mother Osgood's " tavern, they called for bowls of punch, and treated the company liberally. All being by this time in a better mood, Col. Walker made a brief speech, which he closed by saying — "Every man to his tent, 0 Israel!" and they quietly dispersed without tearing down Esq. Green's house ! However, soon after this, Peter Green, Esq., John Stevens, and others, were arrested, carried to Exeter, and confined in jail.* Liberty was granted them to take the oath of allegiance, as a condition of release, which all did except John Stevens. He swore he was as good a friend to his country as any who had caused his arrest, and he never would take the oath required. He was finally discharged from jail, by special order of the Legislature, in 1778, The town also voted, March 4, 1783, to " reconsider the vote formerly passed to break off all dealings with Mr. John Stevens, and that said vote be made null and void."f May 22d, a committee was chosen to carry into execution an " act for regulating prices of sundry articles." % July 5th, Lieut. Col. Gerrish, of Boscawen, raised a company in Concord and adjacent towns, for the relief of the garrison at *"1777. Dh. State of New-Hampshire to Thomas Stickney. "May. To apprehending Peter Green, Esq., John Stevens, Capt. Jeremiah Clough [of Can terbury] and Richard Ellison, by order of the Committee of Safety — 6 days, at 6s. j to expence, 36s. ; horse, 6s., £3 18 To hiring a guard of 3 men 3 days, 6 6" t For further notice of Stevens, see Biographical Sketches. X See Document No. 1, Chap. IX. 18 274 PARISH OF CONCORD. Ticonderoga. News of the evacuation of the fort soon arrived, and the company was disbanded. The year 1777 is memorable on account of the battle of Ben nington, in which Gen. John Stark, with his New-Hampshire volunteers, defeated Col. Baum, and thus ultimately led to the defeat and capture of Gen. Burgoyne. Never did men enter more heartily into any service than did the soldiers from Concord, who joined Gen. Stark's regiment for the purpose of cutting off Burgoyne in his march from Canada through Vermont to New- York. When the news of Burgoyne's expedition reached New-Hampshire, the General Assembly, which had closed its spring session, was immediately recalled. John Langdon was Speaker of the House. Col. Hutchins was representative from Concord. The highest enthusiasm prevailed. It was understood that Gen. John Stark, who had retired to his farm in affront, because he had been superseded in the conti nental service, would take command of any volunteers that New- Hampshire would raise, and march at once to the scene of danger. Accordingly he received a commission of brigadier- general from the New-Hampshire government. John Langdon, in the ardor of his patriotism, said — " I have .£3000 in money, and fifty hogsheads of rum ; and I will pawn my house and plate for all they are worth, if Gen. Stark will take command of the New-Hampshire troops to cut off Burgoyne ;" — adding, " If we gain our independence I shall be repaid ; if not, it matters not what becomes of my property." As soon as it was decided to raise volunteer companies and place them under command of Gen. Stark, Col. Hutchins mounted his horse, and traveling all night, with all possible haste, reached Concord on Sabbath after noon, before the close of public service. Dismounting at the meeting-house door, he walked up the aisle of the church while Mr. Walker was preaching. Mr. Walker paused in his sermon, and said- — " Col. Hutchins, are you the bearer of any message ?" " Yes," replied the Colonel : " Gen. Burgoyne, with his army, is on his march to Albany. Gen. Stark has offered to take the command of New-Hampshire men ; and, if we all turn out, we can cut off Burgoyne's march." Whereupon Rev. Mr. Walker said — "My hearers, those of you who are willing to go, better THE BATTLE OF BENNINGTON. 275 leave at once." At which word all the men in the meeting-house rose and went out. Many immediately enlisted. The whole night was spent in preparation, and a company was ready to march next day. Phinehas Virgin said — "I can 't go, for I have no shoes : " to which Samuel Thompson, a shoe-maker, replied — " Do n't be troubled about that, for you shall have a pair before morning," which was done. The late Jonathan East man, senior, Esq., was in similar want of shoes, and a new pair was also made for him before morning.* Belonging to Stark's brigade at Bennington were twenty-eight men from Concord. They did not, however, all arrive in season for the fight, which issued in so glorious a victory. Col. Thomas Stickney, Lieut. Richard Herbert, Jesse Abbot, John Abbot, Elias Abbot, Abner Flanders, Samuel Kinkson, John Petera and Timothy Johnson were in the battle. Col. Stickney particularly distinguished himself. His regiment was ordered to attack the breast-work which the tories had thrown up. Gen. Stark thus speaks of him in his official dispatch to the Legislature of New- Hampshire, August 18th : " The 16th, I was joined by this State's mihtia, and those of Berkshire county. I divided my army into three divisions, and sent Col. Nichols, with two hun dred and fifty men, on the rear of their left wing. Col. Ken- drick, on the rear of their right, with three hundred men, was ordered, when joined, to attack the same. In the mean time I sent three hundred more to oppose the enemy's front, to draw the attention that way. Soon after I detached the Colonels, Hubbard and Stickney, on their right wing, with two hundred men, to attack that part, all which plans had their desired effect. * * * Our people behaved with the greatest spirit and bra very imaginable : had they been Alexanders or Charleses of Sweden, they could not have behaved better." Col. Gordon Hutchins, who raised a volunteer company of about thirty men, in Concord, hastened as fast as possible towards Bennington, but did not arrive in time to share in the battle. The names of the volunteers in his company cannot be definitely ascertained. Capt. Joshua Abbot had command of a company in Col. Ger- * Tradition related by Jacob Hoyt, Esq. 276 PARISH OF CONCORD. rish's regiment, " which company marched from Concord and towns adjacent, to reinforce the Northern Continental Army at Saratoga, September, 1777." Among the men enrolled in Capt. Abbot's company was Wil liam Clement, from Bradford, who was also in the Bennington battle, in Col. Stickney's regiment, which attacked the tory breast-work. As he rushed up to the works, a tory thrust a bay onet at him ; he struck it aside, and drove his own through his opponent's eye and head with such force, that the bayonet came off, and remained in the tory's head. When they buried the slain, the soldiers told Clement to take his bayonet oat of the man's head ; but he declared he would never touch it again, and the body was buried in that condition.* The tones who were taken captives in the Bennington battle " were ordered to be tied in pairs, and these pairs connected by a rope, to which a horse was harnessed with a postillion mounted to lead them away. The ladies of Bennington dismantled their beds to furnish cords for the purpose, and rendered other services equally patriotic"! On the 8th of September, this year, the selectmen, together with Lieut. Joseph Hall, Timothy Walker, jr., and Ezekiel Dimond, were appointed a committee " to settle with all persons who have done service in the army." It was voted, " that the expense of the Continental soldiers raised by the Parish of Concord shall be paid by the Parish ;" and that " the sum of four hundred and sixty pounds, lawful money, be raised upon the ratable polls and estate " of the inhabitants for that purpose. 1778. CONTENTION TO FORM A PLAN OF GOVERNMENT. At a meeting, January 26, 1778, Col. Thomas Stickney, Rep resentative in the General Assembly, was instructed " to use his influence in order that a full and free representation of the people be called as soon as conveniently may be, for the sole purpose of laying a permanent plan or system for the future ?Stark's Life, p. 195, note, f Stark's Life. DEPRECIATION OF THE CONTINENTAL MONEY. 277 government of the State." A convention was agreed upon, to be held at Concord the following June. Preparatory to the convention, Messrs. James Walker, John Bradley and Amos Abbot, were appointed a committee " to repair the meeting-house so far as is necessary." On the 10th of June following, a convention of seventy-three delegates assem bled in it to form a new constitution. Timothy Walker, jr., was the delegate from Concord. Among other distinguished members were John Langdon, of Portsmouth, Matthew Thornton and John Bell, from Londonderry ; Josiah Bartlett, of Kingston, Joseph Badger, of Gilmanton, Timothy Farrar, of New-Ipswich, and Samuel Emerson, of Chester. This convention did not complete its labors till the 5th of June, 1779. The constitution was then sent out to the people and was totally rejected ! In Concord the vote was twenty-six for, and twenty-five against it. THE CURRENCY. At this time great difficulty was experienced from the depre ciation of the continental money, which was a paper currency, in the form of bills of credit. As these bills sunk in value, the nominal sum necessary to be raised for current expenses in creased. As a remedy for the evil, in September, 1779, a convention was held in Concord, " pursuant to a request from the town of Portsmouth, recommending such a convention, for the purpose of appreciating the currency, by regulating the prices," &c. Major Jonathan Hale and Timothy Walker, Esq., were chosen delegates to attend this convention. The convention was probably held in the room fitted up in the store of John Stevens, Esq. On the 18th of October the town chose for a committee " to regulate prices," &c, Messrs. Jonathan Hale, Thomas Wilson, Aaron Kinsman, Jonathan West, David Hall, Reuben Kimball, Joseph Hall, jr., and James Walker ; but whether this committee did any thing in addition to what was done by the committee appointed in 1777, does not appear from any thing on record.* In 1780, £9.000 were voted to be raised to pay Mr. Walker's * See Prices, &c, in Document No, 1, Chap. IX. 278 PARISH OF CONCORD. salary for the current year, and what was due for the last two years. " Laboring men, that worked on the highways," were al lowed six pounds per day. Not finding £9.000 sufficient to pay their minister, the parish voted to raise £30.000 in addition; and next year, 1781, they voted to raise £50.000 ! Continental paper money was at this time estimated, by the New-Hampshire Legislature, as follows : In Jan'y, 1780, £2934 " continental money," equal to £100 silver. In July, " 6000 " « " 100 " In Dec, " 7300 " " " 100 " In Jan'y, 1781, 7500 " " " 100 « In June, " 7800 " " " 100 " From this period till the close of the Revolution all the measures recommended by the Continental Congress, or by the Council of Safety of New-Hampshire, to carry on the war, were promptly responded to. In 1778, Lieut. Joseph Hall, Capt. Joshua Abbot, John Kimball, James Walker and Lieut. John Chandler were the Committee of Safety. It was voted, " that an average be made in hiring the continental soldiers ;" and a committee was appointed " to examine into what every man has done in the war." In 1779 Lieut. John Chandler, Col. Thomas Stickney, and Capt. Aaron Kinsman, were chosen a committee of Safety ; and a committee appointed to procure eight soldiers, as the proportion which Concord was required to raise, to fill up the continental army. On the 4th of July, 1780, it was voted " to give the soldiers that have lately engaged to serve six months in the continental army, ten bushels of Indian corn per month, or money equal thereto." A committee was also chosen, " to procure fifteen soldiers for the army." In January, 1781, sixteen more soldiers were called for, and a committee unpointed, to whom discretionary power was given in procuring said soldiers. In exercising their discretion, com mittees appointed by towns sometimes hired men belonging to other places ; and hence among the men returned for Concord we find the names of some who never had a residence among us.* On the 6th of February it was voted "to raise one * See the names of soldiers from Concord, in Document No. 2., Chap. IX. CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. 279 thousand Spanish milled dollars, in order to enable the parish to procure the soldiers that are now called for to fill up the conti nental army." 1781-3. In 1781 another convention was called, to be held in Concord, for the purpose of forming a plan of government.* Col. Timo thy Walker was chosen delegate. Concord seems to have been chosen for the place of meeting, as mid-way between the towns on the coast and those along the Connecticut river, which were then rising into importance, and respecting which a controversy was then pending between Vermont and New-Hampshire. Tra dition says that the sessions of the convention were mostly held in the hall over the store of John Stevens, Esq., and that the members found the tavern of "Mother Osgood" in very conve nient proximity. However that may be, they made slow progress in their labor, and met with poor success when they submitted the draft of their " new Constitution " to the people. The con vention first met on the 5th of June, and after a session of a few days, they appointed a committee of seven to draft the form of a constitution, and then adjourned to September 14th, next. At the adjourned meeting the committee made their report, and a form of Constitution was agreed upon ; seven hundred copies ordered to be printed, and distributed to each town and place throughout the State, with the request that when acted upon by the people, if rejected in whole or in part, reasons might be assigned therefor, and the same returned with the state of the votes. The convention then adjourned to the fourth Wednesday in January, 1782. When the convention met in January it was found that the constitution was rejected. The meeting to act on the proposed constitution was held in Concord January 21st, 1782 ; " then it was put to vote to see if the parish would accept the plan of government, as it now stands, and there appeared forty-eight against said plan, and none for it ! " Voted, To have a town representation. " Voted, To have a Governor at the head of the Legislative body. * See N. H. Register for 1852, and vol. IV. N. H. Hist. Coll., p. 154 - 161, Ice. 280 PARISH OF qONCORD. " Voted, That the Governor shall not have a Privy Council. " Voted, That the people at large shall appoint their militia officers." The convention next adjourned to the third Wednesday in Au gust following, when they again met and agreed upon another form of constitution, which, upon being submitted to the people, was also rejected ! This constitution was acted upon by the people of Concord, December 16, 1782. " Col. Thomas Stickney was chosen mod erator. Then the question was put to receive the plan of gov ernment as it now stands, (there being fifty-two voters present,) and it was rejected by the whole!" " Then some amendments were proposed, which are as fol loweth, viz. : " That the Governor and Privy Council be left out, and that there be a President, a Legislative Council and a House of Rep resentatives ; and that the powers which are vested in a Gov ernor and Council be vested in the Council and House of Repre sentatives." Then the question was put to receive the plan of government with the above amendments, " and it was received by thirty." The convention met again, according to adjournment, on the last Tuesday in December, and finding their second constitution rejected, — still not disheartened, — adjourned to meet again in June, 1783, when, after due deliberation, they agreed upon a third form of a constitution, had it printed and sent out to the people. for their approval or rejection. Then the convention adjourned to October 31$ 1783. On assembling and counting the votes as returned, they found the constitution was accepted by the people ; and on the same day, the form was declared to be the civil constitution of the State of New-Hampshire. At the meeting in Concord, September 29, 1783, to act on the proposed constitution, Voted, " To receive the constitution of government as altered by the convention in June last." Twenty in favor of it and ten against it." Thus the convention, which commenced its labors June 5th, 1781, held, as appears by the records, at least seven different THE RETURN OF PEACE. 281 sessions, and succeeded at the third trial, after a period of two years, four months and twentyrsix days, in forming a constitution which the people approved and adopted, and which was estab lished October 31, 1783.* In the warrant for the town-meeting, September 29, 1783, was an article, "To see if the parish will vote to alter the eighth article of the confederation of the United States, agreea ble to the recommendation of Congress." Upon which, " Voted, Not to alter the eighth article of the confederation of the United States, agreeable to the recommend ation of Congress." The article referred to was as follows : Art. VIII. " All charges of war, and all other expenses that shall be incurred for the common defence or general warfare, and allowed by the United States in Congress assembled, shall be defrayed out of a common treasury, which shall be supplied by the several States, in proportion to the value of all land within each State, granted to or surveyed for any person, as such land and the buildings and improvements thereon shall be estimated according to such mode as the United States in Congress assembled, shall from time to time direct and appoint. The taxes for paying that proportion shall be laid and levied by the authority and direction of the Legislatures of the several States within the time agreed upon by the United States in Congress assembled." In 1783 the Revolutionary War was brought to a close and our National Independence established. Peace was proclaimed in. the army on the 19th of April. The soldiers who survived the conflicts in which they had valiantly fought for the rights of their country, returned home to enjoy the blessings which had been purchased at so dear a price.f Some of our men, as we have seen, marched at the first sound of war, to Lexington ; they faced the enemy on the heights of Bunker Hill ; experienced great privations and sufferings in the Northern Army, at Ticon deroga, and under Arnold at Quebec ; met and conquered the enemy, under the gallant Stark, at Bennington ; were at the capture of Burgoyne at Saratoga ; — some had the honor of *See N. H. Hist. Coll., vol. 4, pp. 162-173. N. H. Register, 1852, pp. 22-27, where also is a list of Delegates. f For the names of all the soldiers from Concord, who are known to have been in the war of the Revolution, the places where they served, &c, see Document No. 2, Chap. IX. 282 PARISH OF CONCORD. suffermg with Washington at Valley Forge, and of sharing in his victories at Princeton and Trenton; some were at the scene of blood in Wyoming, and in short had participated in all the dangers, sufferings and glory incident to the war. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND INTERESTING INCIDENTS DURING THE PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION. SMALL-POX. In July, 1775, Dr. Philip Carrigain visited a patient in a neighboring town, who, as it proved, had the small-pox. The doctor took it in the natural way. The nature of the disease was not discovered until John, son of Mr. Nathaniel West, who lived on the opposite side of the street from Dr. C, also took the disease. The doctor inoculated his own family, consisting of five members, who all recovered. Mr. West's family consisted of nine ; six of whom had the disease in the natural way, the others escaped. Mr. West died, aged fifty-eight. It was first known on Saturday that the small-pox was in town. So great was the alarm, that the next morning, Sunday, the inhabitants assembled en masse, and commenced the erection of a pest-house, in a grove west of the late residence of Capt. Benjamin Emery — now of Ebenezer S. Towle ; and such was the zeal with which they applied themselves to the work, that by night the timber for a convenient house, to consist of four rooms, had been felled, hewed, framed and raised ; the boards for covering, and brick for the chimney, were drawn to the ground. Dr. Carrigain and his family remained at their own house. Fences were run across the street to cut off all communication, and a road was opened through the fields. Mr. West's family was conveyed to the pest house. The expense of building the house was paid by the town, amounting to forty pounds, lawful money. ANDREW STONE. In the warrant for the annual meeting, March 7, 1780, was an article " to see if the parish will choose an agent to prosecute INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 283 those persons who pulled down the house of Andrew Stone, and see what provision they will make for the support of his wife." Andrew Stone was a soldier from Concord, in the Continental Army ; his house was in the southwest part of the town, on the road southeast of Mr. Ira Abbot's. Tradition says that during his absence in the army, one of Mr. Stone's daughters did not behave so well as the neighbors thought a fair and chaste maiden should do, and they undertook to correct her manners — at least to testify their virtuous disapproval — by pulling the house down. Whether the girl behaved any better afterwards, tradition saith not. But the " law and order " people of Concord chose Capt. Benjamin Emery an agent " to prosecute those persons that pulled down Andrew Stone's house." LOTTERY CURRENCY. In 1781, Col. Timothy Walker was chosen agent to petition the General Court for liberty to make a lottery for building a bridge over Merrimack river. This petition was not granted ; but about three years afterwards, on petition of Henry Gerrish and others, a lottery was granted " for raising the sum of sixteen hundred dollars, to be laid out on the falls in Merrimack river, for the more easy conveyance of timber down the same." Timothy Walker, Esq., Gen. John Stark, Robert McGregore, Esq., Capt. Reuben Kimball, and Peter Green, Esq., were appointed managers, and laid under oath for the faithful discharge of their trust.* In 1782 the currency became better regulated. Four hundred pounds lawful silver money were raised to defray parish expenses. Owing to delinquency in paying the minister's salary in former years, Col. Timothy Walker, Capt. Benj. Emery and Peter Green, Esq., were appointed a committee " to request the Rev. Mr. Walker to sue those persons who have been delinquent in paying his salary from the year 1749 to the year 1765." It does not appear that the parson ever complied with the request. RICHARD POTTER DR. CARRIGAIN. Mr. Richard Potter was this year exempted from paying taxes. The reason of this is understood to have been the loss of one of * Act, Feb. Session, 1785. 284 PARISH OF CONCORD. his legs. Mr. P. was logging in Loudon, three -or four miles from home. A large log which his team was drawing on a side- hill, suddenly slid and caught his leg between it and a small tree. The bruise was so severe as to endanger his life. A council of physicians was called, a majority of whom concluded that Mr. Potter must die, and it was of no use to cut his leg off. But, after the other doctors had left, Dr. Carrigain said, " Potter might be saved, and the \eg should be cut off." Accordingly, cutting round the flesh, just below the knee, the doctor took a saw, which he brought with him, and commenced operating ; but finding the saw very dull, he stopped and requested Benjamin Thompson, a neighbor, to run home, about a quarter of a mile, and get a sharper saw. With this the operation was finished. Mr. Potter was insensible at the time, but the next night after the operation he knew the watchers. His leg was cut off close to the knee. The bone was left bare and smooth. In order to make the skin heal over, Dr. C. ordered New-England rum to be heated and poured slowly on, while the bone was picked and roughened with an awl ! Mr. Potter, after a long confinement, was able to get about ; and, being somewhat of a mechanical genius, he constructed for himself a wooden leg, with which he could not only walk com fortably, but could even run and wrestle. Mr. Potter lived many years afterwards in good health. He died July 6, 1828, aged eighty-four years.* DEATH OF REV. MR. WALKER. The venerable pastor, who, more than fifty years before had come, with his flock, into the wilderness, was now released from his charge. He died suddenly on the first of September, 1782, in the seventy-eighth year of his age and fifty-second of his mmistry.f His funeral, conducted by a committee of the parish, was attended by the great body of the people, who mourned as for a father! Neighboring ministers attended as pall-bearers, and a funeral discourse was preached by Rev. Mr. Woodman, of Sanbomton. * See " Potter Family." t See Biographical Notice of Rev. Mr. Walker. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 285 The "funeral charges" were defrayed by the parish, and were as follows : £ s. d. To eight rings, 4 16 0 " two gallons wine, 1 40 " a coffin, ; . 0 90 " beers, 0 16 " a horse to Sanbomton, 0 30 " do. to Gilmanton, 0 30 " do. to Warner, 0 23 " digging the grave, 0 20 " provisions, 1 23 " grave-stones, 4 40 12 7 0 The first business of the parish, October 21, after the funeral of Mr. Walker, was to choose a " committee to supply the pulpit," viz. : Col. Timothy Walker, John Kimball and Capt. Reuben Kimball. THE MEETING-HOUSE. Measures had been some time in progress for the repair and finishing of the meeting-house. In 1779 the parish offered " to give up the pew ground to any number of persons who will finish the meeting-house, and add a porch, and the value of another porch ;" and also agreed " to be at the expense of building a steeple." In 1782 a committee was appointed " to treat with the proprietors of the meeting-house, and see upon what terms they will relinquish the same to the parish." In July, of this year, the purchase was made, and the meeting-house conveyed to the parish.* * Know all Men by These Presents, That we, Timothy Bradley, Gentleman, Moses East man, Gentleman, Nathaniel Eastman, Yeoman, Lot Colby, Husbandman, and Jonathan Eastman, Gentleman, and Joseph Eastman, Gentleman, all of Concord, in the County of Rockingham, and State of New. Hampshire — For and in consideration of Ten pounds, Lawful money, paid us by Peter Green, Esq., David Halt, Cordwainer, Benjamin Emery, Gentleman, John Kimball, Joiner, and Benjamin Hanniford, Joiner, * Committee Legally Chosen by the Parish of Concord to purchase of said Bradley, Moses Eastman, and Nathaniel Eastman, Lot Colby, and Jonathan Eastman, and Joseph Eastman, all their Right and property in a certain Meeting-House in said Concord, and a Lot of Land, containing One Acre and half, upon which the greatest part of said Meeting-House Standeth, Laid out to the Original Right of Zachariah Chandler, Alias Nathan Fisk, for the Sole use and benefit of said Parish forever; have given, granted, sold and released, and by these presents do give, 286 PARISH OF CONCORD. The next year (1783) the meeting-house was finished. The steeple, built by Mr. Ephraim Potter, was framed and finished inside of the porch, and then raised by means of tackling of Mr. Potter's contrivance. One object in putting the meeting house in order at this time was to accommodate the General Court, which had begun to hold its sessions in Concord. The first session was held here March 13, 1782. At first they con vened in the meeting-house, but, " on account of the inclemency of the weather, adjourned to a building which had been prepared for their reception." This is understood to have been in the north room of the store built by Judge Walker, two or three rods south of his dwelling-house. The following table, carefully drawn from the original records of the House of Representatives, will show at what times the General Court met in Concord previous to 1816, when it became the permanent seat of government and capital of the State : March 13, . . . 1782 June 2, . . . 1790 November 23, .1803 June 11, . . 1782 January 5, \ . . 1791 June 6, . . 1804 September 10, . 1782 June 1, . . . 1791 November 21, .1804 June 10, . . 1783 June 5, . . . 1793 June 5, . . . 1805 October 28, . . 1783 December 16, 1794 June 1, . . . .1808 December 17, 1783 December 2, . 1795 November 23, . 1808 June 2, . . . . 1784 November 23, 1796 June 7, . . . . 1809 February 9, . 1785 June 7, . . . 1797 June 6, . . . 1810 October 19, . .1785 November 21, 1798 June 5, . . . . 1811 June 7, . . . 1786 June 5, . . . 1799 June 3, . . . 1812 June 6, . . . . 1787 June 4, . . . 1800 November 18, . 1812 June 4, . . . 1788 November 19, . 1800 June 2, . . . 1813 November 5, . .1788 June 2, . . . 1802 June 1, . . . . 1814 June 3, . . . 1789 June 1, . . . 1803 June 7, . . . 1815 The meeting-house was finished in what was considered a superior style. The entrances were at a door in the middle, on Grant, bargain, sell, release, convey and Confirm to the said Green, Hall, Emery, Kimball and Hanniford, for the use aforesaid, their Heirs and Assigns forever, all our Right, title, property and Demand of, in, and unto the aforesaid Meeting-House and Land, for the use and Benefit of said Parish forever ; hereby engaging to Warrant and Defend the same to said Grantees against us, and all persons claiming from, by, or under us. Witness our bands and seals, the first day of July, Anno Domini 1782. Signed, sealed and delivered j Thomas Wilson, Timotht Bradley. [seal.] in presence of us : > Daniel Carter. Lot Colby, [seal.] Moses Eastman, [seal.] Nathaniel Eastman, [seal,] Joseph Eastman, fseal.j Jonathan Eastman, [seal.] INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 287 the south side, and at two porches, one at the east with a steeple, and the other at the west. The pulpit was about twelve feet high, with a window back of it, and over head a large sound ing-board. On the lower floor, aisles extended from the south door to the pulpit — from one porch to the other — and side- aisles separated the wall pews from those in the body of the house. At the base of the pulpit, on a platform about two feet high, was a seat for aged men ; and in front of that, less ele vated, was the deacons' seat. Suspended from the front of the deacons' seat by hinges, was a circular board, which served for a table on sacramental occasions. The pulpit stairs were on the west side, and underneath the pulpit on the east was a closet. The wall and body pews were square, with seats hung on hinges, to be raised when the congregation stood in prayer. Near the middle of the house were five slips or "seats" on each side, reserved for persons who did not own " pews " — the men sitting on the west side, and women on the east. The gallery was also fitted up with pews, considerably elevated, around the wall. A large square pew opposite the pulpit was built for the singers, with a circular table, on which to lay their books. Two large pews were finished, contiguous to the singers' seat — one on the east and the other on the west side. The other space in the gallery was laid off into slips for common use ; reserving — ac cording to. the custom of the times — one slip for negroes, near the east door of the gallery ! The pews were sold at " public vendue," and numbered and recorded, by order of the parish.* On the 10th of September, 1783, the parish voted " to lease to Timothy Walker, Esq., for the term of nine hundred and ninety-nine years, three acres of bog-meadow, in said Concord, which was laid out to the parsonage right for emendation — he, the said Walker, giving said parish a full discharge for all ar rearages due on account of his late father's salary." Peter Green, Esq., Lieut. John Chandler and Mr. William Coffin were appointed a committee for the purpose. An act was passed January 2, 1784, " to annex a part of Canterbury and Loudon to the parish of Concord." This was *See Town Records; also, Doc. No. 3, Ch. IX. 288 TOWN OF CONCORD. done upon the petition of John Hoit and others, setting forth " that they live upon a gore of land formerly claimed by the proprietors of Rumford and Canterbury ; that when said Rum ford was incorporated, in the year 1765, by the name of Concord, they were left to said Canterbury, since which time said pro prietors of Rumford and Canterbury have amicably settled Baid dispute ;* that by the late division of Canterbury they were all, except one, set off to the parish of Loudon," &c. — praying " that said gore of land, containing about one thousand and fifty acres, lying at the north-easterly corner of said Rumford, with the inhabitants thereon, may be dissevered from said Canterbury and Loudon and annexed to the parish of Concord." The petition was granted, and the gore of land, with the inhabitants thereon, annexed to Concord. At the same time, by the same act, it was " enacted that the parish of Concord be henceforth called the town of Concord, any law, usage or custom to the contrary notwithstanding."^ THE NEW CONSTITUTION. On the second of June, 1784, the new Constitution, established October 31, 1783, was carried into effect. The occasion was one of great interest and importance, and attended with imposing ceremonies. The venerable Meshech Weare was first President of the State under the new Constitution. A procession was formed, composed of members of the Legislature and civil au thorities of the State, together with other persons of office and dignity ; also, of ministers of the gospel of various denomina tions, and a large body of citizens, who marched at the sound of music to the meeting-house. The Rev. Samuel McClintock, D. D„ of Greenland, preached on the occasion, J and a public dinner was given- at the expense of the State. * See Document No. 4, for Chap. IX. t Acts 1784, vol. 1780-84, p. 501. X Tbis was the first "Election Sermon." For a notice of " election days," see Miscella neous Chapter. LIST OF TOWN OFFICERS, REPRESENTATIVES, DELEGATES AND JURORS, FEOM 1775 TO 1785. March 7, 1775. Moderator, .... Col. Thomas Stickney. Clerk, Timothy Walker. Jr. ( Timothy Walker, Jr., Selectmen, . . . . } Reaben Kimball, ( Benjamin Emery. Constable, .... Amos Abbot. ' Nathaniel West, Tythingmen, Lt. Phinehas Virgin, • Thomas Wilson, Jabez Abbot, . . v Ezekiel Dimond, Sealer of Leather, . . David Hall. Sealer of Wts. and Meas., Capt. Joshaa Abbot. Col. Thomas Stickney, James Walker, . . Jos. Eastman, Jr., . Richard Hazeltine, Jr., Lt. Eben. Virgin, . Ezekiel Dimond, . Asa Kimball, . . Lt. Jona. Stickney, Jabez Abbot, . . Reaben Abbot, Nath'l Abbot. . . Surveyors of Highways, • Fence-viewers, . . Field-drivers, . . Hogreeves, . Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keeper, . Representative, . Treasurer, ( John Bradley, . . 1 Robert Eastman, . ( Thomas Wilson. . ( Moses Eastman, Jr., 1 William Coffin, ( John Chase. Simeon Danforth, . Robert Eastman, . Philip Harriman, Benjamin Eastman, Theodore Farnum, . Lt. Jona. Stickney. . ( John Kimball, . J Benjamin Hanniford, ( Benjamin Sweat. . Benjamin Hanniford, ( Timothy Walker, Jr., May 11, ' { Timothy Walker, Jr., Dec. 5. March 5, 1776. Col. Thomas Stickney. Timothy Walker, Jr. Capt. Renben Kimball, Amos Abbot, John Kimball. Timothy Walker, Jr. Joseph Eastman, Jr., Daniel Gale, Jabez Abbot, Ebenezer Hail, Richard Hazeltine. David Hall. David Hall. Col. Thomas Stickney, James Walker, Joseph Eastman, Jr., Richard Hazeltine, Jr., Lt. Ebenezer Virgin, Ezekiel Dimond, Asa Kimball, Lt. Jona, Stickney, Jabez Abbot, Renben Abbot, Nathaniel Abbot. I Timothy Bradley, Jr., Lt. Robert Davis, Lt. Joseph Hazeltine, Henry Martin. Peter Green, Esq., Nathan Chandler, Timothy Walker, Jr., Theodore Farnum, Dan Stickney, Gilman West, Jeremiah Wheeler. Robert Ambrose, John Kimball, Benjamin Hanniford, Benjamin Sweat. Benjamin Hanniford. Lt. Joseph Hall. 19 290 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Moderator, Clerk, . Selectmen, Constable, Tythingmen, March 4, 1777. . Col. Thomas Stickney, . Timothy Walker, Jr. ( Reuben Kimball, < Amos Abbot, . ( John Kimball. . . Renben Abbot. . (Richard Hazeltine, Daniel Gale, Phinehas Virgin, Robert Davis. . Sealer of Leather, . . Benjamin Emery. Sealerof Wts. and Meas., David Hall. . . ' Edward Abbot, Surveyors of Highways, Fence-viewers, Field-drivers, Hogreeves, Surveyors of Lumber, . ¦ Pound-keeper, . Representative, . Treasurer, . Representative, Ebenezer Virgin, Jonathan Eastman, Jesse Abbot, James Walker, . John Chase, Benjamin Fifield,' Ezekiel Dimond, Moses Eastman, Cornelins Johnson. {Timothy Bradley, Jr., Joseph Abbot. . . Lt. Richard Herbert, \ Moses Eastman, Jr. Moses Eastman, Jr., Samnel Hinkson, . George Graham, Timothy Kimball, . Phinehas Stevens. . ' John Kimball, . Benjamin Hanniford, Henry Martin, James Stevens. - Benjamin Hanniford. Col. Thomas Stickney, Dec. Lt. Joseph Hall. March 2, 1779. March 3, 1778. . Col. Thomas Stickney. . John Kimball. . John Kimball, . Capt. Joshna Abbot, . Lt. Joseph Hall. . Ezekiel Diamond. f William Coffin, I Daniel Gale, •j Lt. Timothy Bradley, (Richard Hazeltine, Amos Abbot. . David Hall. . Capt. Joshaa Abbot. . Lt. Ebenezer Virgin, . Ens. Jona. Eastman, . Amos Abbot, . Josiah Farnum, Jr., . James Mitchell, . Benj. Fifield, . James Walker, . Edward Abbot, . Ens. John Shute. Timothy Bradley, William Coffin. Moses Eastman, Jr., Rich'd Hazzen Osgood. ' Abiel Blanchard, Robert Eastman, Phinehas Stevens, Lt. Joseph Hazeltine, Samnel Hinkson, Abner Flanders. James Stevens, Benjamin Hanniford. Moderator, .... Timothy Walker, Esq. Clerk, John Kimball. . ( Timothy Walker, Esq., Selectmen, . < Ezekiel Diamond, ( John Kimball. . Constable, . . . . Lt. Robert Davis. ' William Coffin, . Tythingmen, Sealer of Leather, David Hall, Robert Ambrose, Joseph Hazeltine, Josiah Farnum, Jr. Benjamin Emery. Sealerof Wts. and Meas., David Hall Fence-viewers,. . • { E^h^Herbert. Benjamin Hanniford. ' Col. Timothy Walker, | Delegate to Convention ' in June. Nath'l Rolfe, in Dec. March 7, 1780. Col. Thomas Stickney. John Kimball. Lt. John Chandler, James Walker, Thomas Wilson. Capt. Reuben Kimball. Richard Hazeltine, Daniel Gale, Stephen Farnum, Jonathan Eastman, Phinehas Stevens. David HaU. David Hall. William Coffin, Capt. Joshaa Abbot. TOWN OFFICERS. 291 Surveyors of Highways, James Walker, . Edward Abbot, . Ens. John Shute, Ezra Carter, Amos Abbot, Lt. Moses Eastman, Robert Ambrose, Timothy Kimball, Nathaniel Abbot. Fielddrivert, Hogreeves, . Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keeper, . . Representative, Parish Treasurer, . Petit Juror, . . Grand Juror, . Lot Colby, . . George Grayham, Gilman West, . William Carrier, Phinehas Stevens. Benjamin Hanniford, Robert Ambrose. . Benjamin Hanniford. Col. Tho's Stickney, Nov. 29. {Ezekiel Diamond, (May.) . Ezekiel Diamond, (October.) William Coffin, Joseph Farnum, Phinehas Virgin, Benjamin Fifield, Nathaniel Rolfe, Jr., Moses Eastman, Timothy Kimball, Joseph Hall, Jr., Nathan Kinsman, William Currier. Moses Eastman, Jr. . Nathaniel Eastman, , Abner Flanders, , Gilman West, . Nathan Kinsman. . Benjamin Hanniford, . Ephraim Potter. . Benjamin Hanniford. !Maj. Jonathan Hale, Dec. 8th. . John Kimball. . Reaben Abbot, . Robert Ambrose. . Aaron Kinsman. Moderator, . Clerk, . . Selectmen, . Constable, . Tythingmen, March 6, 1781. Col. Thomas Stickney. John Kimball. . ( Timothy Walker, Esq., , } John Kimball, . ( James Walker. . . . Chandler Lovejoy.* i Benjamin Hanniford, Richard Hazeltine, . Phinehas Virgin, . Daniel Abbot. . . Sealer of Leather, . . David Hall. Sealer of Wts. and Meas., David Hall. March 5, 1782. Col. Thomas Stickney. John Kimball. Col. Timothy Walker, Capt. Benja. Emery, Thomas Wilson. James Walker. Daniel Abbot, John Chandler, Benjamin Fifield, William Coffin, Joseph Abbot. David HaU. Surveyors of Highways, ' Capt. Aaron Kinsman, Lt. Phinehas Virgin, . Lt. Ezekiel Carter, . . Ens. James Mitchel. . Fence-viewers, . Hogreeves, . . . Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keeper, . Representative, ( Lt. Ebenezer Virgin, 1 WilUam Coffin. {Richard Ayer, . . . Robert Eastman, . . Gilman West, . - . Samuel Bradley. . . ( Chandler Lovejoy, . . ' \ Benjamin Hanniford. , Benjamin Hanniford. . , Col. Timothy Walker, Oct. ' Aaron Kinsman, Joseph Farnum, Ephraim Farnum, Jonathan Eastman, Moses Eastman, James Mitchel, Isaac Abbot, Timothy Kimball. Richard Ayer, Moses Eastman, Jr., Gilman West, William Fifield. Benjamin Hanniford. . : Benjamin Hanniford. < Col. Timothy Walker, 13t- l October 21st. * Oct. 1st, chosen Constable, James Walker. 92 HISTORY OF CONCORD. and Juror, tit Jurors, iderator, . rk, . ectmen, . ratable, . thingmen, C Daniel Abbot, . . 1 Joseph Hall, Jr., ( Robert Ambrose. tier of Leather, . . David Hall. Uer of Wts. and Meas., ' Ens. Jonathan Eastman, Capt. Aaron Kinsman, Ens. John Shnte, ¦veyors of Highways, ¦ Asa Herrick, Jesse Abbot, Henry Martin, . Lt. Moses Eastman. ice-viewers, 'd-driver, n-eeves, i Daniel Gale, i Aaron Eastman. C Mr. Rich. Hazeltine, Apr. 80 ; I Mr. Rich. Hazeltine, Oct. 8. March 4, 1783. Col. Timothy Walker. John Kimball. . Col. Timothy Walker, Capt. Reaben KimbaU, ; Col. Thomas Stickney. Lt. Richard Herbert. . - T , ( John KimbaU veyors of Lumber, • j john Blanchard. . . \ mdlceeper, . . . Caleb Bnswell asurer, .... John Kimball iresentative, . . . Col. Timothy Walker, Dec. 5 md Jurors, . . . William Coffin, Nov. 3. John Kimball. Josiah Farnum, Ang. 26th; Capt. Aaron Kinsman, February 18th. Nathaniel Abbot, Jabez Abbot, Ebenezer Virgin, Ang. 26th. March 2, 1784. Col. Timothy Walker. John KimbaU. Col. Timothy Walker, Capt. Reuben KimbaU, Col. Thos. Stickney. Richard Hazeltine. Nath'l Green, Nath'l Abbot, Phinehas Virgin, Jesse Abbot, John Kimball. Caleb BasweU. David HaU. ' Peter Green, Esq., Lt. Phinehas Virgin, Amos Abbot, Lt. Moses Eastman, Stephen Farnum, Timothy Dow, Lt. Joseph Hazeltine, William Coffin. Samnel Butters, Asa Herrick, George Graham, Capt. Benj. Emery, Lt. Joseph HaU. Ens. Jona. Eastman. John Souther, Benja. Fifield, Jacob Carter, Samnel Butters, Theodore Farnum. Ephraim Potter, John Kimball, Benjamin Hanniford. Benjamin Hanniford. John Kimball. Col. Timothy Walker. Robert Davis, Oct 28. CHAPTER X. HISTORY FROM 1785 TO 1795. In the period from 1785 to 1795 the affairs of the town were conducted with great regularity. Having with their fellow- citizens gained independence, and established an excellent Con stitution for the State, the inhabitants of the town now devoted themselves to the quiet pursuits of industry — cultivating their farms, improving their dwelling-houses, laying out new roads, establishing ferries, clearing the river of obstructions, and pro viding accommodations for the General Court, which they already anticipated would hold its annual sessions here. TUCKER'S FERRY. In February, 1785, an act was passed by the Legislature, vesting the exclusive privilege of keeping a Ferry over a certain part of Merrimack river, in Lemuel Tucker, of Concord. This ferry was at or near the present location of Federal Bridge, and had been kept many years before, under the name of " East man's Ferry." The act secured to Tucker the right of ferrying over the Merrimack " in any place within one mile of his dwelling-house," which stood near the landing on the eastern bank of the river.* A committee, consisting of Capt. Reuben Kimball, Capt. Aaron Kinsman, and Col. Thomas Stickney, appointed to supply the * A part of the old house still remains, and was the " toll-house " after the erection of the bridge. 294 HISTORY OF CONCORD. pulpit,* employed Mr. Daniel Storey a number of Sabbaths ; but were directed by the town " to procure a candidate on probation, the first opportunity" Mr. JONATHAN WlLKlNS, accordingly, was engaged to preach as a candidate ; and, on the 18th of December, 1786, received a call to settle, with the offer of £100 salary, the use of the parsonage, (excepting the meadow lot,) and £200 towards a settlement. This " call" of the town was preceded by a unanimous call from the church, December 17th, but the call was declined for reasons set forth in Mr. WilMns's answer, as follows : " The unexpected harmony of the Church and general concurrence of the Town, are weighty circumstances in your favor, and almost suppress every declining thought ; though we must confess it would have been more pleasing had there been no dissensions. Yet, taking into view your local situation with its attendant circumstances, it rather appears the encouragements you offered are, in part, and as they are now stated, will prove deficient to the proposed end; if so, you with me in the event would be disappointed. But some may think this the result of false reasoning. I grant it may be so, as I have bad but an unequal opportunity to examine matters relative thereto, since my return. However, in submissive comply ance with the time prefixed, its consistent that I result consonant to present persuasion. Hence, in conformity to what appears duty and interest, which are inseparably connected, I think it preferable to decline an acceptance of your invitation, received last December, to take my settled residence with you in the important office. Beloved, though by this reply you meet a present disappointment, in christian firmness abide it ; be not discomposed, nor greatly dispirited. We may in present tryals even find occasion to acknowledge the superintendence of His wise providence, who is able to cause unwished for events to operate for the good of his obedient subjects. "I trust in the government of wisdom your social order and harmony will not only be cherished, but increased in your following attempts to get s. man to enter upon the stated ministry of the divine word and ordinances among you. To this end admit the word of life as your approved guide, which discountenances every degree of envying and strife, while it encourages the genuine exercise of the opposite graces, charity, candor, &c. Closed with a passage in Heb. 13 : 20, 21. m Jonathan Wilkins." Mr. Wilkins was a native of Marlborough, Mass. ; graduated at Dartmouth College, 1779. Declining the " call " to settle in the * Tbe town voted " that one hair of tbe money raised to defray the expenses of the town, be appropriated for supplying the pulpit." LOCATION OF MAIN STREET. 295 ministry, he became a resident in the place, and relinquished preaching. In 1787 he married Miss Sarah Hall, daughter of Jeremiah Hall, and grand-daughter of Dea. Joseph Hall, senior. He owned a farm at " the Eleven Lots," and lived in the house still standing at the crotch of the roads, west side, near the house of the late Countess of Rumford.* In 1797 he was clerk of the church ; in 1802, appointed a Justice of the Peace ; was one of the selectmen in 1801, 1803, 1804, and 1805 ; at several times was moderator of the town meetings. On the 6th of September, 1811, he was chosen deacon of the church, which office he held till his death, March 9, 1830, aged seventy-five years. LAYING OUT MAIN STREET. June 23, 1785, Capt. Benjamin Emery, Lieut. Joseph Hall, Lieut. John Bradley, Capt. Reuben Kimball, and Mr. Joseph Farnum, were appointed " a committee to lay out Main street." In the original survey of house lots, (on Main street,) space was left for a street ten rods wide ; but the tradition is, that liberty was given to the settlers to advance two rods on each side, leaving six rods width for the street : but in using the liberty given, some advanced a few feet, or a few inches over the line, and erected buildings. Hence it became necessary to fix the bounds of Main street, which the above committee did do, by a careful survey, and establishing bounds that remain to this day. The committee, however, did not complete their work and make a final report till 1798. They then presented a plan of Main street, which is found in the second volume of the Town Records, page 238, and of which, on a reduced scale, the annexed engraving is a copy — the explanations being given on the opposite page. * See Family Register of Wilkins and Hall. 296 HISTORY OF CONCORD. MAIN STREET, AS LAID DOWN OH ENGBAVED MAP, AND DESCBIBED ON THE OBIGINAL PLAN IN TOWN BECOBDS. East side — beginning at the north end : Jndge Walker's barn — the north side of it 1S4 rods from the Great Elm. Mr. Herbert's store* — 77 rods from the Great Elm; two feet six inches on the road — about thirty-two feet front. Maj. Daniel Livermore's honset — 57 rods from the Great Elm; abontnine inches on the road — forty feet front The Great Elm — opposite Capt. Ayer's tan-yard. Mr. Aaron Abbot's — 991^ rods from the corner — seven feet on the road — twenty-four feet front. Barber's shop — 87)4 rods from the corner — eight feet on the road — fonrteen feet front. Mr. Wilkins's house — 85% rods from the comer — eight feet on the road — twenty feet front. Mr. Hough's printing office — 68% rods from the comer — three feet four inches on the road — twenty-four feet front. Esq. Green's honse — 67 rods from the comer — six feet three inches on the road — twenty feet front. Mr. Green's office — eighteen inches on the road — fonrteen feet front. Mr. Hutchins's shop — 62 rods from the corner — two feet three inches on the road — twenty-two feet front. Mr. Thorndike's store — 10 rods from the comer — fonrteen and a half feet on the road — twenty-eight feet front. Mr. Dustin's bark-house — three rods from the corner to the south side — seven and a half feet on the road — twenty feet front. Brick drove into the ground one rod and one link westerly of the north-west corner of Mr. Dustin's shop. Mr. Butters's comer stone — four and a half feet west of willow tree. West side — north end : Stone — twenty-six feet from the north-east corner of Jacob Abbot, Esq. 's, house, and 123 rods from the Great Elm. Mr. Gale's honse — 50 rods from the corner; 70% feet front; north side 10% feet on the road ; south-east end, five feet seven inches on the toad. Mr. Wait's store — 44 rods from comer — seven feet six inches on the road — twenty feet front. Mr. Manley's store — 30 rods from the comer — six feet four inches on road — thirty-six feet front. Comer, north of Capt. Chandler's. Birch pole — 2 rods and six feet from an oak stump in Mr. Jos. Abbot's land. School-honse — 85 rods from stone at Shnte's comer. Mr. Ladd's shop — 41 rods from stone at Shnte's corner. South-east corner of Mr. Shute's house, six and a half feet on the road. Mr. Shute's shop on the road twenty-two feet. * Mr. Jonathan Herbert's store still standing, occupied as a dwelling-house. f The late residence of Dr. Bouton. vGll JUOCEWAIKB'S BARM i JUOOEW'LKCR J HOUSE STONE MAIN STKEET, 1798. HERBERTS STORF MAJOR UVERMORE'S HOUSE WILKIN'S HOUSE HOUSH'S PRINTING OEFICC BENJ. GAITS HOUSE WAITS' MANLY THORNDIKE'S STORE DUSTIN'S BARK HOU^E STONE < CHANDLER'S ¦ SCHOOL H0USL\ LAUD'S SHOP 1 ¦ OHN SHUTL-.^ A\%aHr 298 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 1786.* PAPER MONEY. About this time a great excitement existed in various places through the State on account of the scarcity of money. Some were in favor of paper money ; but, at a meeting called agreea ble to a recommendation of the General Court, to consider the subject, the town voted " not to make paper money on any plan whatever." During the June session of the Legislature which met in Con cord this year, an attempt was made to call a convention to petition that body in favor of a plan for a paper currency, but the attempt was defeated in the following singular and ludicrous manner : At the first sitting of the Assembly, in June, when only five members of the proposed convention were in town, some wags, among whom were several young lawyers, pretended to have been chosen by the towns in which they lived, for the same pur pose. In conference with the five, they penetrated their views, and persuaded them to post an advertisement, requesting all the members who were in town to assemble immediately, it being of the utmost importance to present their petition as early in the session as possible. By this means, sixteen pretended members, with five real ones, formed themselves into a convention, choos ing one of the five their president, and one of the sixteen their clerk. They carried on their debates, and passed votes with much apparent solemnity. Having framed a petition, complain ing in the most extravagant terms of their grievances ; praying for a loan of three millions of dollars, funded on real estate ; for the abolition of inferior courts, and a reduction of the number of lawyers to only two in each county ; and for a free trade with all the world ; they went in procession to the Assembly, (some of whom had been previously let into the secret,) and with great formality presented their petition, which was suffered to lie on the table. The convention then dissolved — the petition was withdrawn — and when others, who had been really chosen by * Voted, March 7, " That Richard Flanders be released from paying for the use of the School Lot in future ; " and " to abate Andrew Stone his rates that are due, and exempt him from paying taxes for the future." Andrew Stone at last came upon the town of Bow for support. MONEY DIFFICULTIES. 299 the towns, arrived, they were exceedingly mortified on finding their views for that time so completely frustrated. The pro ceedings of this mock convention were for a long time subjects of sport and ridicule.* The public excitement, however, did not stop here. County conventions were called ; petitions presented to the Legislature, and the ferment at last subsided in the arrest and punishment of the rioters at Exeter.f The following extract of a letter from Hon. Robert Bradley, of Fryeburg, Maine, gives a vivid idea of the extreme scarcity of money at this time : " The same year that the Legislature was surrounded and held as prisoners at Exeter, [1786,] by a mob demanding paper money, my father was elected a representative ; and the next day gave me a letter to carry to Timothy Bradley, living on the mountain, (so called.) On my way in the woods I met Mr. Bradley, gave him the letter, and was instructed to say to my father that the dollar — the only one on the east side of the river — which he had the promise of, had gone. A case of life and death had made it necessary to send to Andover for Dr. Kittredge ; but there was a rich maiden lady in Canterbury who had a crown, and he would go the next day and see my father about it. He did so, and afterwards obtained the crown piece and an old pistareen of Miss Clough, which was all the money that was to be found. My father then went to Judge Walker, who took care of the honor and interest of Concord, who fur nished him with the means to pay his board at Exeter ; and he was the only one of fourteen boarders who paid their landlord, (a man by the name of Clifford,) their expenses in full. " Col. David Page, who represented Conway the same year, told me he left home with two shillings and sixpence in money to pay expense to Exeter by way of Alfred, Maine. He informed me that he had a small sum due him from John Pierce, Esq., of Portsmouth, for which he received a guinea, and paid all of it towards his board, save two shillings and sixpence, to pay for bread and milk on his way home. The representatives offered * Moore's Annals. fSee Belknap's account of the insurrection, in Hist, of N. H., 1786 ; also, vol. III., pp. 117-122, of N.H. Hist. Coll. 300 HISTORY OF CONCORD. the whole of their State scrip for their services, to the landlord, who preferred 'their private securities. About ten or twelve of them returning home, took lodgings at the Gambrel Roof, [Esq. Bradley's house,] about one half of the number on couches on the floor. My impression is, they had not a dollar amongst the whole of them." 1787-8. On the 19th of March the town voted "to fence the burying- ground with a post and board fence." In October, Col. Peter Green, Col. Timothy Walker and Lieut. Joseph Hall, were chosen " to forward to the Secretary's office a particular account of all bounties, for raising men for the Continental Army, or the mili tia called into service during the late war." In January, 1788, Col. Walker was appointed to petition the General Court for a new County, that should include the town of Concord, and any other towns that may petition for the same. ADOPTION OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION. Capt. Benjamin Emery was chosen to the convention which was called to meet in Exeter on the second Wednesday of Febru ary, 1788, " to take into consideration the proceedings of the late Federal Convention ; " in other words, to discuss and act upon the adoption of the Federal Constitution, which had been proposed by a convention of delegates in Philadelphia, from all the States except Rhode-Island, and which had already been adopted by eight States. To give the Constitution effect, or " to set the political machinery in motion," it was necessary that nine States should adopt it. On the decision of New-Hampshire, there fore, great consequences were depending. The convention for this important purpose first met at the court house in Exeter, Feb ruary 13. His Excellency, John Sullivan, was chosen President, and John Calfe, Esq., Secretary. The convention continued in session at Exeter ten days, then adjourned to meet in Concord on the 18th of June following. The convention met at the meet ing-house, (now the Biblical Institute,) and was composed of a large number of the most respected and honored men in the State — men who, having fought for liberty and independence, RATIFICATION OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION. 301 were jealous of their rights, yet desirous of securing for themselves and for posterity all the blessings of a National Union.* When the final vote was taken on the Constitution, with cer tain amendments which had been proposed, there were fifty-seven yeas and forty-seven nays. Our delegate, Capt. Emery, voted in the negative ! The Constitution, as amended, was adopted in the name of the people of New-Hampshire, in the following words: STATE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. In Convention of the Delegates of the People of the State of New- Hampshire, June 21st, 1788 : The Convention having impartially discussed and fully considered the Constitution for the United States of America, reported to Con gress by the Convention of Delegates from the United States of America, and submitted to us by a Kesolution of the General Court of said State, passed the fourteenth day of December, last past; and acknowledging with grateful hearts the goodness of the Supreme Buler of the Universe, in affording the People of the United States, in the course of His providence, an opportunity deliberately and peaceably, without fraud or surprise, of entering into an explicit and solemn compact with each other, by assenting to and ratifying a new Constitution, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of Liberty to themselves and their posterity — do, in the name and in behalf of the people of the State of New-Hampshire, assent to and ratify the said Constitu tion for the United States of America. Resolved, That the assent and ratification aforesaid be engrossed on parchment, together with the recommendation and injunction afore said, and with this Resolution ; and that John Sullivan, Esq., Presi dent of the Convention, and John Langdon, Esq., President of the State, transmit the same, countersigned by the Secretary of Con vention and the Secretary of the State, under their hands and seals, to the United States in Congress assembled. John Calfe, Secretary. The adoption and ratification of the Constitution was the oc casion of great joy to all the friends of union throughout the * For the particulars of the interesting proceedings of the convention, reference must be had to the original record in the Secretary's office. The names of the members from the several towns in the State may be found in the New-Hampshire Annual Register, 1853, pp. 20-25. 302 HISTORY OF CONCORD. country. It was announced to Gov. John Hancock, of Massa chusetts, in a letter, by President Sullivan, as follows : Concoed, June 21, 1788. Sir : I have the honor to inform your Excellency, by favour of Mr. Reed, who is obliging enough to forward this letter, that the Convention of this State have this moment adopted the New Consti tution — yeas, 57; nays, 46, [47.] The amendments recommended, nearly the same as in your State. With every sentiment of respectful attachment, I have the honor to be Your Excellency's Most obedient servant, John Sullivan. In the "Salem Mercury" of the 24th of June the event was thus announced : "THE NINTH PILLAR UP! Laus Deo !" > On the arrival of the news at Salem a procession was imme diately formed of the military, the clergy, physicians, merchants, seamen, mechanics, and school-masters with their schools. Sa lutes were fired in the evening ; the front of the court-house was illuminated, and an emblematical painting exhibited, representing Justice, Peace and Liberty, (Fame over the whole sounding her trumpet,) on an arch supported by nine columns — four others lying in the tack ground, ready to be introduced into the va cancies left for them. Under the whole were the words, "FEDERAL CONSTITUTION."* In Portsmouth the celebration of the glorious event was grand and imposing. After the people of that and the neighboring towns had assembled on the parade, about eleven o'clock, of the 27th, " an armed ship was espied from the State House, bearing down under full sail. Being hailed on her approach, she proved to be the ship Union, Thomas Manning, Esq., commander, from Concord, out five days, bound to the Federal City, all well and in good spirits. About a quarter past eleven she dropped an chor, and, having received a pilot on board, got under way and joined the procession."! * Salem Mercury, June 21, 1788. t See Salem Mercury, July 1, 1788. SETTLEMENT OF A MINISTER. 303 The procession was composed of all classes of citizens, with appropriate banners. Among them were the scholars of the schools, with the insignia of their studies ; a terrestrial globe, rectified for New-Hampshire, and decorated by young ladies, was carried by two lads in uniform. In the decorations each State was distinguished — New-Hampshire in the zenith, and Rhode-Island in the western horizon, in mourning ! MOTTO. " Where the bright beams of Fed'ral freedom glow, The bads of science in fall beauty blow." There is a current tradition that Col. Timothy Walker, who was zealous for the adoption of the Constitution, apprehending that the vote would be a close one, invited certain members of the convention who were opposed to its adoption to dine with him on the day that the question was to be taken ; and that he treated them with such liberal entertainment and good cheer, that the vote was taken and decided in the affirmative before they made their appearance in the house. 1789. The Rev. Israel Evans, who had been a chaplain in the army under General Washington, had been employed to preach in Con cord as a candidate for settlement ; and on the 1st of Septem ber, 1788, received a call to settle, with the offer of ninety pounds as a salary annually, " during his performing the work of tiie ministry in this town," together with the use of the parson age, and two hundred pounds, (in materials for building a house,) as a settlement. Capt. Reuben Kimball and Capt. Benj. Emery, Mr. Robert Harris, Mr. Henry Martyn and Mr. John Kimball, were appointed a committee " to estimate the pieces of materials that shall be provided for building a house." At a subsequent meeting it was voted to give Mr. Evans " fifteen pounds annually, in addition to the ninety pounds in lieu of the settlement," to which Lt. John Chandler and Lt. Robert Ambrose entered their dissent. The terms of the call were in some respects unsatisfactory to Mr. Evans ; but, March 17, 1789, he made answer in the affirm- 304 HISTORY OF CONCORD. ative.* A committee was appointed to " superintend the ordina tion of Mr. Evans, and to provide entertainment for the minis ters and delegates who shall attend;" and it was also voted, " That the town concur with the church in appointing the first \Wednesday in July, 1789, as the time for the ordination services." In 1789 an act was passed " to authorize and empower the proprietors of Rumford, alias Concord, to collect a certain tax." This was in answer to a petition by Thomas Stickney, setting forth, that in settling the controversy between the proprietors of Rumford and of Bow, " in 1771, they came to an agreement, which was that the proprietors of Rumford should have the whole of said township, except one hundred and sixty-two acres of land, which was to be laid out by them in some part of the town ; and the proprietors of Rumford were to pay ten pounds to said proprietors of Bow, for each hundred acre lot which was laid out by said Bow in said Rumford ;" that thereupon Thomas Stickney, Andrew McMillan, Esq., and Abiel Chandler (since deceased) were appointed a committee by the proprietors of Rumford, " to receive a quitclaim deed from the proprietors of Bow, and give them a bond, upon interest, for the ten pounds for each hundred acre lot." Moreover, " that the proprietors of Rumford, in 1773, voted to raise the sum of £600 by assess ment on the several divisions and the common rights in said township of Rumford," which was supposed to be sufficient to pay the proprietors of Bow, and to give £60 to the Masonian proprietors for their pretended right to part of said land." The above assessment not being all collected, Timothy Walker was appointed and empowered to collect the remainder of said assessment, in order to discharge fully the said bond. 1790. SCHOOL LOT TOWN HOUSE. In 1790 the building erected in 1775 on the hill back of Capt. Emery's, for a " pest-house," was removed into the town street, for a school-house, and located near the present hay-scales, at the head of the street. The lot,f belonging to the school right, * See Doc. No. 1, for Chap. X. fSee engraved Plan of House and Home Lots. ACCOMMODATIONS FOR THE GENERAL COURT. 305 originally laid out on the south side of the road that runs west erly by Richard Bradley's, was exchanged by the town for a lot adjoining the burying-ground, owned by Lieut. Robert Davis, (wntaining one acre and one hundred and twenty-eight rods.* There was no legal conveyance of the lot thus exchanged at the time ; but in 1842 the burying-ground was extended so as to embrace the aforesaid premises ; at which time Gen. Robert Davis, having inherited the land, by will of his grandfather, gave a deed of it to the town. Lt. Robert Davis, who deceased in August, 1823, was buried in this field, and his grave was enclosed with a chain fence, which stood alone till 1842. On the 30th of August this year the town voted to raise " one hundred pounds for building a house for the accommodation of the General Court ; and that the house be set on the land of Mr. William Stickney, near Dea. David Hall's." Capt. Reuben Kimball was appointed agent to build the house. The dimen sions were eighty feet long, forty feet wide, and fifteen feet post. This action of the town was preceded by a subscription of $555,00 for the same object. The following is the copy of the original : Concoed, June 21, 1790. We, the subscribers, being desirous of accommodating the General Court with a convenient house, and in order to encourage the same, do hereby engage to pay the several sums annexed to our names in labour or materials for building, provided said house is set near Mr. William Stickney's dwelling-house, in. Concord. Timo. Walker, .... 100 Peter Green, .... 100 Benj. Emery, 40 Thomas Stickney, .... 40 Benj a' n Hannaford, ... 40 John Bradley, 30 * In the warrant for the annual town meeting, 1786, was an article to see if the town will exchange the house-lot belonging to the school right, with Lt. Robert Davis. On this article the selectmen were appointed a committee, who, in 1790, reported as follows : In exchange of the school-lot with Lt. Robert Davis, we have the following piece, adjoin ing the burying-yard, bounded as follows, viz. : Beginning at a stake and stones, at the southwest corner of the burying-yard, running west seventeen degrees south, by Capt. Ben jamin Emery's land, twelve rods, to a stake and stones ; thence north, twenty degrees west, twenty-four rods, to a stake and stones ; thence east, nineteen degrees north, twelve rods, to a stake and stones ; it being a bound of James Walker's land ; thence by said Walker's land and burying-yard, twenty-four rods, to the bound first mentioned, containing one acre and oho hundred and twenty-eight rods. 20 306 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Robert Davis, 30 Joshua Abbot, .... 30 John Kimball, 30 Enoch Coffin, 20 George Hough, 20 Joseph Hall, 30 James Walker, 20 John West, 25 THE TOWN HOUSE. The house was built as soon as practicable, and called the Town House. Originally it was one story ; stood length wise to Main street, and had a door in the middle, with a spacious entry. The interior contained two rooms — one for the House of Representatives, town house. on the north side, and the other for the Senate, on the south — with several small committee rooms on the back side. A stair-way led to a small gallery for spectators. In the centre of the building outside was a cupola, or dome, sur mounted by a vane, which was invented by the mechanical genius of Mr. Ephraim Potter, and hence received the name of " old Potter." The land on which the building was erected was given for the purpose by Mr. William Stickney, on condition that if the town shall neglect or refuse to keep a public building on the premises for the space of three years, it should revert to him or his heirs." When this building was raised, Benjamin Rolfe, brother of Nathaniel, and father of Mr. Benjamin Rolfe, now living on State Street, bad a finger caught in a mortice, in putting on the south plate, and so badly jammed that it was necessary to ampu tate it. Dr. Carrigain — celebrated for surgical operations — was immediately called, and directed Mr. Rolfe to lay his finger on a block. With a chisel and mallet the doctor cut the finger square off at a single blow ; but the stump was a sore trouble to Mr. Rolfe as long as he lived, for the end of the bone was always visible, and in cold weather the flesh about it would recede from the bone and crack. * Bee original Deed. A quitclaim Deed of the same land was given to the city in 1854, by Nathan Stickney, Esq., for the erection of a City HaU and County Court House. REVISION OF THE CONSTITUTION. 307 The town meetings, which heretofore had been held at the meeting-house, were henceforth held at the town-house. The place was honored by the sittings of the General Court, when ever its sessions were held in Concord, until the completion of the State House in 1819. The building has since undergone many mutations, modifications and enlargements — answering all possible purposes —r civil, political, religious, military, judicial, and fanatical ; a sort of "Noah's ark," in which have been col lected all things, clean and unclean, and the history of which would be well worthy of the pen of " Punch," or " Mrs. Part ington," or Jack Downing! 1791-3. In March, 1791, the town voted that the intermission for the future on the Sabbath — which had been one hour the year round — should be one hour and an half, from the first Sabbath in May till the first Sabbath in November following. WARNING OUT OF TOWN. According to a law of the State, persons who came into town without properly, and who, on that account, were liable to become a town charge, might be warned to depart. This being done lawfully, such persons could not obtain " a residence," and hence not come upon the town for support.* CONVENTION TO REVISE THE STATE CONSTITUTION. On the 7th of September, this year, (1791,) a convention was held in Concord to revise the Constitution of the State, adopted in October, 1783. The convention was held at the meeting-house. * STATE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE, ) Rockingham as. j Concord, Oct. 29, 1791. By virtue of this Warrant I have warned the said McGlaum'ng, and Betty, his wife, Archabald McGlaufling, and Alary Abot, immediately to depart out of this Town, who all came into this town, last from Loudon, in May, A. D. 1791, having no estate. Also the said James Delap, and Lydia, his wife, and Richard Delap and Mical Delap, sons of said Delap ; also, Martha Elms, who all came into this Town, last from Boscawen, Dec'r, 1790, having no estate. Also, the said Polley Car, who came into this Town, last from Bow, July, 1791, having no estate. Also, Hannah Sleeper, a Minor, who came into this Town, last from Loudon, March, 1791. having no estate. Also, Joseph Hutchins and Jerusha, his wife; also Hannah Hutchins, their daughter, who all came into this town, last from Loudon, March, 1791, having no estate. I have warned all the above mentioned persons immediately to depart out of, and leave this Town. j0HS Bradley, Constable of Concord. 308 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Hon. Timothy Walker was delegate for Concord. The whole num ber of delegates in attendance was one hundred and eight, of whom eighty were present the first day of the session. The last survivor of this convention was Ex-Governor William Plumer, of Epping, who deceased while the convention of 1850, of which his son Wil liam was a member, was in session in Concord, to revise the very Constitution which the convention of 1792 amended and so far per fected that it continued unaltered through a period of sixty years. Hon. Timothy Walker was chosen chairman of the conven tion, and sworn ; John Calfe, Esq., was elected Secretary, by ballot, and sworn ; then the Hon. Samuel Ltvermore, of Holder- ness, was chosen President. " Rev. Israel Evans was requested to attend and officiate as chaplain to the convention, during their present session." For the important proceedings of this convention, reference must be had to their Journal.* Before their work was completed four sessions were held, all in Concord^ occupying thirty-six days. The first session was from September 7, to September 16, 1791. The sec ond, from February 8, 1792, to February 24. The third, from May 30, to June 5. The fourth, from September 5, to Septem ber 6. This constitution, as amended and approved by the people, was established, and went into full operation in June, 1793. By this constitution the title of " President " for the chief execu tive magistrate was changed to Gfovernor. 1794. At a meeting August 4, this year, a committee of five, viz : Messrs. Thomas Wilson, Henry Martin, Capt. Joshua Abbot, Capt. Jonathan Eastman, and Lieut. Joseph Hazeltine, was appointed, " to wait on the Rev. Israel Evans, and inquire of him what the reasons are for his (of late) discovering an uneasiness with the town about the payment of his salary, or any other matter, and receive his answer in writing ; and for the town to act thereon in such manner as they may think proper." Mr. Evans had made a written communication and submitted to the town certain prop ositions, which were acted on September 22. " Voted, That the * The original manuscript copy is in the Secretary's office. The names of the members may be seen in the N. H. Register, 1852, pp. 28-32. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES. 309 Selectmen pay the whole that is due to the Rev. Israel Evans immediately, or give said Evans a note upon interest till paid. Voted, To accept of the second proposition of the Rev. Mr. Evans, viz : the1 money appropriated to the use of the pulpit shall not in future be applied directly or indirectly to any other use. Voted, To accept of the third proposition of the Rev. Mr. Evans, viz : the collectors themselves shall pay to him, as often as can be done conveniently, all the money they collect for the use of the pulpit, and if possible within the year for which the money aforesaid was assessed."* In the warrant for a town meeting 8th December, this year, was an article " To see what encouragement the town will give for the raising of their quota of minute men ;" and it was Voted, " To give, in addition to the continental pay for this town's quota of minute men, so much as shall make each one's pay eight dol lars per month ; and one month's pay be advanced to each man when they shall be called to march." The occasion for raising these minute men is not stated ; but at this time the " Pennsylvania Rebellion," as it was called, was in progress, and the Indians in the western country were in a state of open hostility. It does not appear that the minute men from Concord were ever called for. The " rebellion " was suppressed by Gen. Lee, who by order of Gen. Washington marched into Pennsylvania at the head of fifteen thousand men ; and the Indi ans were conquered by Gen. Wayne, in a well fought battle, August 20, 1794. INTERESTING MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES RELATIVE TO THE PERIOD FROM 1785 TO 1795. In 1785, when news of the birth of the Dauphin of France, Louis XVII. ,f reached this country, the people of Concord, at a public gathering, undertook to celebrate the event — France * August 25 it was Voted, " To vandue the collector's berth ; and the same was struck off to Mr. Paul Rolfe for eight dollars, and he was then chosen a collector to collect the same." t This was the unfortunate child with whom the Rev. Mr. Williams' name has recently been associated in the public prints. 310 HISTORY OF CONCORD. having been the ally of America in the struggle for independence. The powder, which was purchased with the £100 that Oliver Hoit paid for the school lot on Horse Hill, had not all been used, and for safe keeping had been stored away aloft in the new stee ple of the meeting-house. On this occasion, therefore, the pow der was called forth, and a grand salute fired in honor of France and the new born dauphin. Hence, afterwards, whenever any thing was said in town meetings about selling the public lands, Capt. Benjamin Emery would be sure to oppose it, saying, " Soon it will all go like powder, as the money for Oliver Hoit's school lot went." The first number of the Concord Herald was issued January 6, 1790, on a sheet fourteen by nine inches, bearing the follow ing title and motto : " The Concord Herald and New-Hamp shire Intelligencer. The Press is the Cradle of Science, the Nurse of Genius, and the Shield of Liberty. Printed at Concord, (New-Hampshire,) by George Hough."* On the 7th of December the Herald announced, " No Boston post is arrived ; all news we believe is frozen up by the cold weather ; we have not even a report with which we can serve up a paragraph for our news-hungry customers." At this period newspapers and letters were carried through the country by persons who rode on horse-back, called " post-riders." In 1790 Samuel Bean was post-rider from Boston to Concord. His route was through Andover, Haverhill, Atkinson, Kingston, Exeter, Epping, Nottingham, Deerfield, and Pembroke to Con cord : returning he passed through Londonderry and Haverhill. He performed the route once a week. John Lathrop was post- rider from Concord through Boscawen and intermediate towns to Hanover ; thence up the Connecticut river road as far as Haver hill — returning by way of Plymouth and New-Chester (now Hill.) In the fall of 1791 Lathrop called on subscribers to his papers " to pay up " by the beginning of the next year, saying he will ever be willing to gratify his customers with a reasonable pay-day, but when " the earth yields her increase " in abundance, he views it as a " happy presage " of punctuality among those who have kindly become his debtors. " Cash, wheat, rye, or flax * See History of Printing in Concord, in Miscellaneous Chapter. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES. 311 will be received ; and for the convenience of every one he has appointed the following places at which the pay may be delivered." But as the " pay " was not forth coming at the places of de posit, Lathrop notified his customers that " delays are danger ous ;" " money, we all know, is always scarce. But, when a grain debt is not paid in the season of it, the creditor says money. That will be disagreeable to the debtor, and the post, while pro duce is plenty, puts off the harsh expression." In 1791 four routes were established, by resolve of the Leg islature, in New- Hampshire, and one person appointed in each of the following towns, viz : Portsmouth, Exeter, Concord, Amherst, Dover, Keene, Charlestown, Hanover, Haverhill and Plymouth, to take charge of all matters which are conveyed by the posts ; to receive as a compensation, two pence, to be advanced on the postage of every private letter which shall pass through the respective offices. Postage on all private single letters six pence for every forty miles, and four pence for every number of miles less than forty. Two of these routes proceeded from Concord, and took in the principal towns west from Concord to Kieene, and north from Concord to Haverhill. Mr. George Hough was appointed first post-master in Concord. March 30, 1791. As an instance of the extraordinary indus- tryof the women of our country, the Herald of March 30 men tioned " that an old lady of this town, who is upwards of seventy years of age, has, in the course of ten months past, spun two hun dred and ten runs and three quarters of yarn of different kinds." "clothes make men." David George, tailor, advertises (March 31, 1791,) that " his price for making a genteel suit of superfine broadcloth is three dollars ; for making an ordinary suit of coarse cloth, two dollars." The first number of " The Mirror " was published in Concord October 29, 1792,* " by Elijah Russell, at his office near Mr. * This year, (1792,) the 11th regiment, for the first time, paraded on Eastman's plain, on the east side of the river, and continued two days. At night several companies slept in barns in the vicinity. An immense number of spectators — women and children — were on the field. A six-pounder fired on the occasion produced the greatest wonder ! 312 history of concord. Hannaford's tavern, in Concord, N. H." It was printed on a sheet fourteen inches long, eight wide, coarse paper, " price five shillings per annum. One shilling only to be paid yearly in money, on receiving the first paper of every year, and the re mainder in country produce, at the market cash price, any time in the course of the year. Of those who cannot pay one shilling in cash, produce will be received for the whole at the end of the year." " We are informed," says the Mirror of November 19, 1792, " that a number of wealthy gentlemen of respectability have it in contemplation to erect a bridge over Merrimack river, near Mr. Butters' ferry. Our informant says they are to meet this day at Mr. Butters' inn, to consult on the expediency of the measure. We wish them success." " On Saturday last," (December 8, 1792,) says the Mirror, " that contagious and fatal disease, the small-pox, was discovered in the family of Mr. Daniel Hall. Mr. Hall broke out with it himself, and on Sunday was removed to a proper house and pro vided with good nurses. His physician reports that he is at present in a very favorable way." " Last Saturday, sen'night, a child in the house of Lieut. Stickney, dec, died of the small-pox,* and Lieut. Jonathan Stickney died of the small-pox, on Sunday evening, November 18th." Through fear of spreading the infection, Mr. Stickney was buried in a secluded spot, on his own farm, on the north-east side of Stickney's Hill, so called. In the " Mirror " of January 21, 1793, appeared the follow ing notice : "to the lovers of harmony, " Whereas, a great number of inhabitants, desirous to promote the art and practice of sacred music in this town, have sub scribed to pay an able teacher of psalmody, (Mr. McFarland,) Therefore, all persons willing to improve the advantage of a free singing school are requested to leave their names, before the first of February next, with either person of the following * Mirror, December 10, 1792. miscellaneous items and anecdotes. 313 committee, viz : Capt. Jonathan Eastman, Capt. Timothy Chan dler, Lieut. David Davis, Lieut. Amos Abbot, jr., and Mr. Levi Abbot." "the school. " On Thursday last Master Eastman* closed his school, in the Main street, in this town, with an exhibition of various scenes of entertainment, in which each of his pupils, about eighty in num ber, participated. They performed their various exercises to the general satisfaction of their parents, and the honor of their inge nious preceptor and themselves — by which they gained the ap plause of a very crowded and respectable audience, which was expressed by frequent clapping of hands and smiles of approba tion."— Mirror, April 1, 1793. " Last week we experienced a severe frost, which destroyed most of the young apples, &c, and killed the flax, so that people have generally sowed their ground a second time. A severe drought prevails. It is now three weeks since we have had rain enough to lay the dust in the streets." — Mirror, May 27, 1793. " Concord, July 22, 1793. On Tuesday last a tempest arose in this town, accompanied with very heavy thunder and consid erable rain. About three miles north of the meeting-house it hailed ; the hail-stones were some of them nearly as large as ounce balls. It leveled most of the corn, rye, oats, &c, for a considerable width and distance, its course being from north-west to south-east. One half of the roof of a house, belonging to Lieut. Phinehas Kimball, was taken off by the wind, carried a considerable distance, and dashed to pieces. The chimney was leveled with the chamber floor. There were two women in the house, who happily escaped with only being severely frightened." — Mirror. "new line of stages. A number of gentlemen in Haverhill, (Mass.,) Chester, and this town, have agreed to run a stage from Haverhill to this town twice a week, to communicate with tho Boston stage ; which will render communication to that metropolis much more certain and * An order in favor of Edmund Eastman, for keeping school in Concord, 1793, £18. 314 history of concord. expeditious than heretofore. We understand that this stage will commence running early in September next." — Mirror, August 12,1793. In July, 1792, there was not a book-binder in the State of New-Hampshire. In 1788 Timothy Walker, Esq., was a candidate for Repre sentative in Congress, and received in this town thirty-nine votes. In 1791 he was a candidate for President of New-Hampshire, and received sixty votes ; in 1792, he received seventy-seven votes for President, and his Excellency Josiah Bartlett received ninety. The same year Mr. Walker had one hundred and eight votes in Concord for Representative to Congress, and twenty-nine votes for Elector of President and Vice President of the United States. In 1793 (after the adoption of the revised constitution,) Mr. Walker had ninety-three votes for Governor, and in 1794 he had one hundred and five votes. He was the democratic can didate, in opposition to John T. Gilman, Esq., who was elected. LIST OF TOWN OFFICERS, representatives, delegates and jurors, FROM 1785 TO 1795. Moderator, .... Timothy Walker. . . Clerk, John Kimball. . . . C Col. Timothy Walker, . Selectmen, . . . . ) Capt. Reuben Kimball, ( Col. Thomas Stickney. Constables, .... Lt. Moses Eastman * . ' [ Ephraim Carter. . . w„„i , 17di; March 7, 1786, March 1, 1785. adjourned to March 21. . Col. Timothy Walker. . John Kimball. C Col. Timothy Walker, } Col. Thomas Stickney, ( Renben Kimball. . Capt. Joshua Abbot,* . Lt. John Chandler. (Lt. Phinehas Virgin, Richard Hazeltine, Ebenezer Hall, Lt. Jona. Stickney, Daniel Abbot. Healer of Leather, . . David Hall David Hall. Sealerof Wts. and Meas., David Hall David Hall. * Excused. town officers. 315 Surveyors of Highways, Hogreeves, Surveyors of Lumber, Treasurer, . . . Pound-keepers, . Representatives, Moderator, Clerk, . Selectmen, Constable, ' Richard Ayer, . . Lt. John Chandler, John Hoyt, . Stephen Farnum, . Asa Herrick, . . Benjamin Farnum, . Lt. Joseph Hazeltine, Richard Hazeltine, . Lt. Asa Kimball, . Ebenezer H. Goss. . ' Robert Duncan, Micah Flanders, David George, . . Anthony Potter, Ebenezer H. Goss, . Daniel Page. Benjamin Hanniford, Jacob Carter, . John Kimball. . John Kimball. . ( Benjamin Hanniford, ( Robert Ambrose. . Peter Green. March 6, 1787, adjourned to 19. . Col. Timothy Walker. Caleb Chase. ( Lt. Joseph HaU, < Henry Martin,* ( Thomas Wilson. John KimbaU. . Tythingmen, ' John Kimball, . Richard Hazeltine, Robert Eastman, . Lt. Jonathan Stickney* Sealerof Wts. and Meas., David HaU. . . . ' Samnel Thompson, Richard Herbert, Amos Abbot, Jr., John Stevens, . Ezra Abbot, . Timothy Bradley, James Walker, . Isaac Abbot, William Fifield, Edward Abbot, . Phinehas Kimball, Joshua Graham, Isaac Dimond, . Moses Abbot, Timothy Dow. Surveyors of Highways, ¦ Stephen Crosman, Samuel Thompson, Richard Potter, Richard Hazeltine, Thomas Wilson, WUliam Coffin, Timothy Bradley, Nathan Abbot, Josiah Farnum, Jr., Lt. Asa Herrick, Wm. Fifield, Jonathan Eliot, Jr., Joseph Colby, Jr., Moses Abbott. Robert Eastman. . Dudley Ladd, . Daniel Rogers, . Samuel Goodwin, . WiUiam Fifield, . Lt. Joshua Thompson. (Chandler Lovejoy, Benja. Hanniford, John Kimball, Lt. Asa Herrick. . John Kimball. . Robert Ambrose, . Benja. Hanniford. ( Col. Peter Green, } Lieut. John Bradley, I June 24. March 4, 1788. . Col. Timothy Walker . Caleb Chase. . Col. Timothy Walker. . Capt. Benja. Emery, . Chandler Lovejoy. . David Hall. . Robert Eastman, . Daniel Gale. David Hall. Nathaniel Eastman, Philbrick Bradley, Anthony Potter, Ezekiel Carter, Moses Abbot, Jabez Abbot, John Elliot, Timothy Dow, Thomas Wilson, James Walker, Stephen Hall, Isaac Dimond, Samuel Butters. * March 19, Amos Abbot, Jr., for H. Martin. 316 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Hogreeves, . Surveyors of Lumber, Treasurer, . Jtepresentatives, Surveyors of Wood, Moderator, . . . Clerk, .... Daniel Stickney, . Daniel Hills, . . Moses Fifield, . • . Capt. Richard Ayer, Daniel HaU. . . Selectmen, . . Constables, . Tythingmen, Sealer of Leather, Sealerof Wts. and Meas., David HaU. Chandler" Lovejoy, . Benjamin Hanniford, Daniel Livermore, . John Blanchard, Jacob Carter. " Caleb Chase. ( Peter Green, Esq., . . . ' ( Lt. John Bradley, June 22 I Thomas WUeon, . . . ( Benjamin Hanniford. March 3, 1789. Col. Thomas Stickney. Caleb Chase ( Capt. Reaben KimbaU, J Timothy Walker, Esq., . ( Lt. Asa Herrick. . Robert Ambrose. . . , WiUiam Carrier, . . John Stevens, Stephen Crosman, Daniel Rogers, Pbilbrick Bradley. David Hall. . . . Surveyors of Highways, Hogreeves, . Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keeper, . Representatives,Surveyor of Wood, . Hay-ward, . Lt. Ebenezer Virgin, John Eastman, . Capt. Asa KimbaU, Stephen Farnum, . Lt. Benjamin Farnum, Phinehas How, . Moses Abbot, . Joseph Runnels, Lt. Asa Herrick, . Lt. Joshua Hazeltine, WiUiam Coffin, Benjamin Hanniford, Samuel Butters, Richard Hazeltine. . t Richard H. Osgood, J Benjamin Powel, . ( Robert Eastman. . Benjamin Hanniford, Lt. Asa Herrick, Maj. Daniel Livermore. Lt. Joshua Thompson. Benjamin Hanniford. ( Robert Ambrose, Peter Green, Thomas Wilson. Millen KimbaU, Henry Rolfe, Samnel Thompson, Capt. John Roach, Maj. Wm. Duncan, Benjamin Powel. Benjamin Hanniford, Daniel Livermore, Joshua Thompson, Asa Herrick. . Peter Green, Esq. . William Duncan. March 2, 1790. . Col. Timothy Walker. . Caleb Chase. . Timothy Walker, Esq., . Capt. Reaben KimbaU, . Lt. Asa Herrick. C Lt. Phinehas Virgin, } Jabez Abbot, ( Thomas Wilson. . Daniel Rogers. David Hall. David Hall. 'Lt. John Chandler, Nathaniel Eastman, Lt. Moses Eastman, Lt. John Bradley, Jonathan Virgin, Isaac Abbot, Robert Harris, Daniel Farnum, Lt. Joseph Hazeltine, Isaac Dimond, Ebenezer Dow, Joseph Runnels, Barnard Elliott, Daniel Abbot, David Stickney. Ebenezer Boston, Joshua Carrier, WiUiam Fifield, _ Moses Eastman. .'Benjamin Hanniford, . Maj.DanielLivermore, . Lt. Joshua Thompson, . Lt. Asa Herrick. . Benjamin Hanniford. f Peter Green, Esq., i Lt. John Bradley, 21st ( of June. . Thomas Wilson. . Thomas Wilson. TOWN OFFICERS. 317 March 1, 1791. Moderator, .... Col. Timothy Walker. Clerk, Caleb Chase. . . . ( Timothy Walker, Esq., Selectmen, . . . . } Capt. Reuben Kimball, ( Capt. Benjamin Emery, I Lt. John Bradley, . Constables, . . . . } Robert Eastman, . ( Ephraim Farnum. . Tythingmen, ! Daniel Rogers, Caleb Buswell. Sealer of Leather, . . I , Sealerof Wts. and Meas., David HaU, Dea. HaU, excused — Asa Par- Surveyors of Highways, Fence-viewers, Field-drivers, Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-Jceeper, . Representative, Delegate to Constitutional Convention, Grand Juror, . . Maj. Daniel Livermore, James Johnson, Jonathan Eastman, Samuel Goodwin, . Maj. Asa Kimball, Richard Hazeltine, . William Fifield, . John Hoit, . . . Joseph Colby, . . Barnard Elliott, Nathan Abbot, . . Lt. Asa Herrick, Daniel Abbot, . Col. Thomas Stickney. Maj. Daniel Livermore, Lt. John Chandler, . . Lt. Joseph HaU, , Jacob Dimond. ' John Colby, Jr., .... Jeremiah Virgin, .... Daniel Farnum, Abner Farnum. WiUiam A. Kent, .... Hazzen Kimball, .... Ebenezer Eastman, . . . Moses Farnum William Eastman, John Shute, Jr. : Benjamin Hanniford, . . Lt. Joshua Thompson, Maj. Daniel Livermore, . Benjamin Abbot, .... , Isaac Dimond. ' Benjamin Hanniford, Maj. William Duncan. . . | Timothy Walker, Esq., Aug. 8. March 6, 1792. Timothy Walker, Esq. Caleb Chase. Timothy Walker, Esq., Capt. Reuben Kimball, Capt. Benjamin Emery. Benjamin Hanniford, Ezra Carter, Lt Ebenezer Virgin. ' Daniel Gale, J Robert Eastman, ' James Johnson. Asa Parker. Dea. David HaU. Hazzen Kimball, Col. Thomas Stickney, Lt. Joseph Hall, Stephen Farnum, Lt. Samuel Davis, Jesse Abbot, Bruce Walker, William Fifield, John Elliott, Jr., Lt. Phinehas KimbaU, Chandler Lovejoy, Jonathan Virgin, Ebenezer Eastman, Joseph Carter, Lt. Asa Herrick. Timothy. Walker, Esq., Maj. William Duncan. Jeremiah Virgin, WiUiam Manly. Samuel Bradley, Jeremiah Chandler, Daniel Gale, Jr., Christopher Osgood. Maj. Daniel Livermore, Abel Baker, Lt. Joshua Thompson, Isaac Dimond. Petit Juror, Surveyor of Wood, Hay-ward] . Moderator, . Clerk, . . . . Thomas Wilson. Robert Harris. . March 5, 1793. Judge Walker. . Caleb Chase. . John Bradley, Esq. Maj. William Duncan, May 7th. Stephen Farnum. John Thorndike. Thomas Wilson. -Ware* 4, 1794. Timothy Walker, Esq. Caleb Chase. 318 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Selectmen, . Constables, . Tythingmen, Sealer of Leather, )( Hon. Timothy Walker, ¦ < Capt. Reuben KimbaU, ( Capt. Benjamin Emery. Lt. Joseph Hazeltine, . Josiah Farnum, excused, Timothy Carter, in Ueu, George Grayham. < Daniel Rogers, ( Ezra Abbot. . Asa Parker, Surveyors of Highways, SealersofWts.andM,,{^^on: • Hazzen Kimball, . Col. Thomas Stickney, Christopher Osgood, Daniel Farnum, Lt. Ezekiel Carter, . Lt. Samuel Davis, . Benjamin PoweU, . Samnel Bradley, . Capt. Jona. Eastman, Philbrick Bradley, . Lt. Joshua Thompson, Ens. Jona. Virgin, . Joseph Carter, Jr., . Ens. Joseph Runnels, Enoch Brown. !Wm. Partridge, Ebenezer Eastman. ( Ebenezer Dustin, . < Jeremiah Virgin, . ( Isaac Dimond. Col. Thomas Stickney, Joseph Eastman, Jr., John Colby, Jr., Joseph Hoyt, . . Benjamin PoweU, Moody Dow. Enoch Brown, . . Maj. Daniel Livermore, Joseph Carter, Jr., . Lt. Asa Herrick, John Eastman, Benjamin Abbot, Jr. {Benjamin Hanniford, Jacob Eastman. Maj. Wm. Duncan. ( Thomas Wilson, | Jacob Eastman. Robert Harris. Fence-viewers, Field-drivers, Hogreeves, Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keepers, . Representative, Surveyors of Wood, Hay-ward, . . . Timothy Walker, Esq., . Capt. Reuben KimbaU, . John Bradley, Esq. . WiUiam Currier, . Stephen Farnum, . Maj. Asa KimbaU. . Daniel Rogers, . Caleb BusweU. . Dea. David HaU. . Isaac Dimond, . Ephraim Carter, . Lt. Benjamin Famum, . David Carter, . Daniel Abbot, . OuVer Hoit, . John Elliott, , Chandler Lovejoy, , Lt. Phinehas Virgin, Lt. Phinehas Kimball, WilUam Coffin, Col. Thomas Stickney, Paul Rolfe, Moses Carter. Wm. Partridge. Wm. Manley, Isaac Emery. ' Stephen Tattle, Peter Swan, Jeremiah Virgin, Benjamin Powel. John Currier, Jr., Ebenezer Virgin, Jr, Lt. Asa Herrick. David George, Esq. Maj . Daniel livermore. Thomas Wilson. CHAPTER XL HISTORY OF CONCORD FROM 1795 TO 1805. In March, 1795, three collectors were appointed, one for each section of the town, viz. : south, west and east. Hanes Farnum agreed to collect for 3fhn West. 2G. Benja. Kimball, jr, , 51. Richard Ayer. 76. Philip and Obadiah 27. Charles Walker. 52. Do. 77. Do. [Carrigain 3. Jacob Carter. 28. Ebenezer Sanborn , 53. Do. 78. John Odlin. 4. William Partridge . 29. Jacob Eastman. 54. Do. 79. Do. 5. Do. 39. Nathaniel Marsh. 55. Do. 80. Jacob Emmons. G. Benjamin Emery. 31. Reuben Kimball. 56. Do. 81. Do. 7. Do. 32. Philbrick Bradley. 57. Do. 82. Nathaniel Eastman. 6. Do. 33. Abiel Eastman. 58. Do. 83. Benjamin Emery. 9. Do. 34. Simeon Eastman. 59. Abiel Walker. 84. David Wait. 10. Jona. Eastman. 35. Aaron Austin. 60. Ebenezer Dustin. 85. Ezra Carter. 11. Do. 36. Natb'l Ambrose. 61. Henry West. 86. Moses Eastman. 12. Do. 37. William Duncan. 62. Jacob Carter. 87. Timothy Bradley. 13. Joshua Thompson, , 3B. Do. 63. Do. 88. Jeremiah Chandler. 14. Do. 39. Millen KimbaU. 64. Benj. Kimball, jr. 89. Jacob Abbot. 15. Philip Carrigain. 40. Samuel Adams. 65. Pearl Kimball. 90. Do. 1C. William Manley. 41. John Bradley. 66. Moses Farnum. ¦91. Timothy Chandler. 17. William A. Kent. 42. Do. 67. Dudley Kimball. 92. TimotbyWalker.jr. 18. Obed Hall. 43. John Kimball. 68. Charles Sargent. 93. Do. 19. Robert Bradley. 44. Robert Davis. 69. Enoch Coffin. 94. Benja. Kimball, jr. 20. Asa Kimball. 45. Jeremiah Clough. 70. Do. 95. Do. 21. John Eastman. 46. Phinehas Kimball. 71. Isaac Chandler. 96. Thomas Proctor 22. Eben'r Eastman. 47. Stephen Ambrose. 72. Do. 97. Enoch Wood. 23. Do. [,ain. 48. Thomas Curry. 73. William Virgin, jr. 98. Jeremiah Pecker. 24. Moses Cbamber- 49. Richard Ayer. 74. Jona. Blanchard. 99. Richard Herbert, jr. 25. Robert Eastman. 50. Do. 75. Philip & Obadiah [Carrigain. 100. Thomas Moor. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES. 329 exclusive of those rode on or in carriages, two cents ; for sheep and swine, one half cent each ; and to each team one person shall be allowed as a driver to pass free of toll." But, by a vote of the proprietors, August 1, 1798, all persons going to or re turning from public worship, on Sundays, between the hours of nine o'clock in the morning, and five in the afternoon, were allowed to pass the bridge free from paying toll.* This bridge was first built above its present location, crossing the river nearly opposite the house of Mr. George W. Moulton, where formerly was the toll-house. On the 9th of August, 1796, Noah Richardson and a negro man named Pomp Chandler, were drowned near Concord Bridge, as they were attempting to cross the river in a canoe, to their labor. In the first week of July, 1797, there were severe thunder storms, accompanied with hail, which did much damage to corn, grass, &c, and broke some glass in windows in this town and Canterbury. " The wind whirled furiously many a tree," and " the lightning set Mr. Partridge's barn on fire, which was imme diately extinguished." December 7, 1798, an act was passed by the Legislature, in corporating Timothy Walker, John Bradley, Jonathan Eastman and their associates, by the name of " The Proprietors of Concord Library" authorizing them to raise money by subscription, do nations, &c, and to hold property for the benefit of the library, to the amount of one thousand dollars. A library of valuable books was collected, which was sustained and proved highly use ful, for about twenty-five years. On Saturday evening, January 20, 1798, about ten o'clock, the inhabitants of this town were alarmed with the cry of fire ! fire ! which broke out in the hatter's shop of Mr. David George, Jr., contiguous to the store of Messrs. P. & 0. Carrigain. The anxiety of the citizens, when so much property was exposed, was amazing ; and by their assiduous exertions and regular proced ure, together with the assistance of some ladies, they happily » August 27. The town voted, " That the Selectmen purchase of Timothy Walker, Esq., forty and a half rods of land near Federal Bridge, at two shillings per rod ;" and " purchase of William Virgin about twenty-five rods of land, on the east side of the river, near Federal Bridge." 330 HISTORY OF CONCORD. extinguished the destructive element, with little damage to any thing except the building. Let this, fellow-citizens, excite every one to diligence ! Query ? Would it not be a good plan for every man to keep a good ladder, and one or two proper fire-buckets always ready ? — Mirror." The Blazing Star Lodge," in this town, was consecrated in ample form, by the Most Worshipful Nathaniel Adams, Grand Master, on Monday, May 6, 1799. On the 2d of October, 1802, the grist-mill of Ensign Jacob Carter was entirely consumed by fire, together with the carding machine of Mr. Thomas Vesper. The loss is estimated at about $2000. The fire is supposed to have been caused by over-heat ing some of the gudgeons. At this period, (1801 - 3,) letters were sent to the post-office in Concord for persons residing in Canterbury, Northfield, Hen- niker, Warner, Hopkinton, Allenstown, New-London, Dunbarton, Rindge, Weare, Pembroke, Loudon, and Bow. Letters remain ing in the post-ofiice were advertised in 1801 for persons in Sanbomton, Sutton, Croydon, Newport, and New-Bradford. LIST OF TOWN OFFICERS, REPRESENTATIVES, DELEGATES AND JURORS, FROM 1795 TO 1805. Moderator, Clerk, . Selectmen, Constables, . Tythingman, Sealer of Leather, . March 3, 1795. Timothy Walker, Esq. Caleb Chase. . . ' Timothy Walker, Esq, John Bradley, Esq., . Henry Martin. . ' Eben r Duston, . Capt. Sam'l Davis, Eben'r Eastman. . Daniel Rogers. . . Dea. David HaU. March 1, 1796. . Judge Walker. . John Odlin. f Timothy Walker.Esq., i John Bradley, Esq., ( Henry Martin. I Nath 1 Ambrose, < John Batchelder, ( Capt. Samuel Davis. . Col. Peter Green. TOWN OFFICERS. Sealer of Wts. and Meas., Dea. David HaU. . . Jacob Eastman, Chandler Lovejoy, . Lt. Moses Eastman, Ens. Jona. Virgin, . Lt. Benja. Farnum, Daniel Abbot, . Stephen Farnum, . Abel Baker, . . . Ens. Joseph Runnels, WiUiam Coffin, . . Col. Thomas Stickney, John Colby, Jr., Lt. Asa Herrick, . WUliam Fifield. . Surveyors of Highways, Fence-viewers, . Hogreeves, . . Surveyors of Lumber, . ¦ Pound-keeper, . . . Representative, . Grand Juror, . Carder of Wood, . . Collectors, .... Cutters of Staves, . . f WiUiam Partridge, . ! Capt. Sam'l Davis, ' Lt. Moses Eastman. John Roach, . . Lt. Nath'l Eastman, James Johnson, Daniel Powel, . Capt. David Davis. ' Stephen Ambrose, . Jacob Carter, . Abel Baker, . . Dea. John Kimball, John Hoit, John Colby, Jr. Maj. Daniel Livermore. Moderator, Clerk, . Selectmen, . . Constables, . Tythingmen, . . . . Sealer of Leather, . Sealer of' Wts. and Meas., Fence-viewers, . Charles Eastman. Hancs Farnum, . John Batchelder, . Eben'r Eastman. . . S Henry Monlton, Jonathan Runnels. March 7, 1797. Timothy Walker, Esq. John Odlin I John Odlin, . . . . { Richard Ayer, . ( John Eastman.. . . ( Jeremiah Virgin, . ) John Batchelder, . ( Robert Bradley. . . ( Ebenezer Virgin, Jr., . < John Roach, f Daniel Rogers. . . . Dea. David Hall. < William Partridge, . { WiUiam Duncan. . 331 Dea. David HaU. Moses Farnum, Capt. Joseph Farnum, Oliver Hoit, Ezra Abbot, Jonathan Elliot, Jr., Isaac Dimond, Ephraim Carter, Levi Abbot, Ebenezer Duston, Col. Thomas Stickney, Maj. Daniel Livermore, Chandler Lovejov, Ens. Jonathan Virgin, John Hoit, Ebenezer Eastman, Lt. Joshua Thompson, Capt. Reuben KimbaU, Abiel Walker, Nov. 7. Stephen Tuttle, William Partridge. Dudley Ladd, Abiel Walker, James Hosmore. Abiel Virgin, John Colby, Jr., Jno. Blanchard, Stephen Tuttle. C David George, Esq., \ Ebenezer Eastman. . John Bradley, Esq. ( John Batchelder, ( June 25. . Timothy Bradley, . Nath'l Ambrose, . John Shute, Jr. . James Moulton. JlfareA 6, 1798. . Timothy Walker, Esq- . John Odlin. . John Odlin, . Richard Ayer, . John Eastman. . Capt. Samuel Davis, . Hanes Farnum, . Jeremiah Virgin. . Daniel Rogers, . Caleb Buswell, . Wm. Fifield, Aug. 27. . David Hall. . David Hall. ( Benja. Powel, 1 Daniel Gale, ( Robert Eastman. 332 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Surveyors of Highways, Field-drivers, Hogreeves, Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keepers, . Representative, Grand Jurors, . Petit Jurors, Carders of Wood, Collectors, . Culler of Staves, Moderator, . Clerk, . . . Selectmen, . Constables, . Tythingmen, ' Jeremiah Virgin, . Ens. Nath'l Eastman, Lt Joshua Thompson, Ens. Jonathan Virgin, Samuel Butters, Ens. Thomas Stickney Abiel Walker, . . Jabez Abbot, Ezra Abbot, . Henry Martin, . Timothy Dow, . Abel Baker, . . Abner Dimond, Ephraim Carter, Ebenezer Sanborn, Moses Carter. j John Roach, | Robert Eastman. James Moulton, Maj. Wm. Duncan, Daniel Virgin, . Capt. David Davis, Stephen Hall, William Eastman, . Isaac Dow, . Daniel Page. Maj. Daniel Livermore, John Colby, Jr., Abiel Virgin, Isaac Dimond, . Stephen Tuttle, . . Enoch Brown. ( David George, . { Chs. Eastman. . William A. Kent. . ( Capt. Sam'l Davis, j Maj. Sam'l Livermore j Dea. Joseph Hall, . ( Capt. Jona. Eastman. Thomas Wilson, ( Robert Bradley, } Jeremiah Virgin, . ( John Batchelder. . James Monlton. March 5, 1799. Timothy Walker, Esq John Odlin. . ' Timothy Walker, J John Odlin, . ' Henry Martin. . '. John Shnte, Jr., < Timothy Carter, ( Jeremiah Virgin. I Henry Martin, . Daniel Rogers, . Isaac Dimond, . Jeremiah Wheeler. John Colby, Timothy Chandler, John West, Amos Abbot, Jr., Josiah Famum, Jonathan Elliot, Jr., Asa Herrick, Reuben Abbot, Jr., Jonathan Johnson, Daniel Stickney, Stilson Eastman, Timothy Bradley, Jeremiah Wheeler, Joshua Thompson. Daniel Virgin. Ebenezer Dustin, David Davis, Abiel Eastman, Wm. Partridge, Moody Dow, Robert Knowlton, Wm. Fifield, Asa Graham. Abiel Virgin, Jacob Carter, John Currier, Jr., Enoch Brown, Chandler Lovejoy. David George, Charles Eastman. Jacob Abbot, Esq. Chandler Lovejoy. Isaac Dimond, Jona. Runnels. j Thomas Wilson, [ Jacob Abbot. Capt. Sam'l Davis, Hanes Farnum, Jeremiah Virgin. James Stevens. March 4, 1800. Jacob Abbot, Esq. John Odlin. John Odlin, Jonathan Wilkins, Henry Martin. Ephraim Carter,* John Shute, Jr., Joseph Cleasby, Jr., Jeremiah Virgin. Ebenezer Sanborn, Jacob Abbot, Esq., Maj. Timo. Chandler. * Excused. TOWN OFFICERS. 333 Sealer of Leather, . Sealer of Wts. and Meas., Surveyors of Highways, ¦ David Hall. . . . David HaU. . . . Samuel Butters, Timothy Chandler, David Davis, Nathan Abbot, . . Ezra Abbot, Jr., Samuel Davis, . Enoch Parker, . Daniel Stickney, . Asa Herrick, Enoch Brown, . . Jeremiah Pecker, . Jonathan Ambrose, Anthony Potter, Asa Graham, Ballard Hazeltine. . Fence-viewers, Field-drivers, Hogreeves, . Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keepers, . Representative, . Grand Juror, . Petit Jurors, . Wood-corders, . Hay-ward, . . . Collectors, . Cullers of Staves, . Auditors of Accounts, Inspector of Bread, Richard Ayer. {Benjamin Powel, . Charles Eastman. . Abiel Virgin, . . Elijah Virgin, . . Moses Gale, . . . Timothy Chandler, David Davis, John Shute, Jr. ' John Lovejoy, . Ebenezer Sanborn, . John Currier, Jr., . John KimbaU, . _ Jacob Carter. ! David George, . Charles Eastman. . Jacob Abbot, Esq. . Capt. Samuel Davis, Jan. 31st. ( Nathaniel Abbot, Jr., \ Ephraim Carter. , ( Jacob Abbot, Jr., . . . ) ( Stephen Ambrose. . . . j David Hall. David Hall. Jonathan Wilkins, Capt. Richard Ayer, Richard Herbert, Jr., Levi Abbot, Stephen Hall, Isaac Dimond, Nathan Abbot, 3d, Samuel Davis, Timothy Walker, Jr., Stephen Farnum, William Eastman, Barnard ElUot, Jeremiah Virgin, Jonathan Ambrose, Mellen KimbaU, Moses Gale. Richard Herbert, Jr., John Batchelder, Abiel Eastman. Paul Rolfe, John Eastman. Richard Hazeltine, Jonathan Eastman, Abel Baker, Moses Gile, William Fifield, James Moulton. John Currier, Jr., John Kimball, Jacob Eastman, Jacob Carter, Abel Baker, Chandler Lovejoy. David George, Charles Eastman. Jacob Abbot, Esq. Moderator, Clerk, . Selectmen, David George, Stephen Ambrose, John Thorndike. John West. Ephraim Carter,* Joseph Cleasby, Jr., ' Jeremiah Virgin. Stephen Tuttle, Henry Moulton. Capt. Benja. Emery, Charles Walker, Esq., Capt. Richard Ayer. Benjamin Emery. March 3, 1801. March 2, 1802. Jonathan Wilkins Timothy Walker, Esq. John Odlin John Odlin. C Jonathan Wilkins, .... Timothy Walker, \ John West John West, ( Stephen Ambrose Stephen Ambrose. * Excused. ( John Shute, Jr., . . < Timothy Carter, ( Jeremiah Virgin. . ( James Moulton, . . [ Stephen Tuttle. . . . ( Jacob Abbot, ) Ens. Jonathan Wilkins, ( Charles Walker. . . 334 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Constables, Tytiiingmen, Sealer of Leather, ( Eliphalet Emery, . < Richard Hazen Ayer, ( Aaron Austin. . ' Jacob Abbot,* . Capt. Enoch Coffin, Richard Hazeltine, Philbrick Bradley. Dea. David Hall. Sealerof Wts. and Meas., Dea. David HaU. Jeremiah Story, Capt. Richard Ayer, Richard Herbert, Jr, Benjamin Farnum, Moody Dow, Daniel Abbot, . Jonathan Elliot, Jr, Joseph Cleasby, Jr, Joseph Runnels, Israel Dimond, . Jacob Eastman, Abiel Eastman, Philbrick Bradley, John Hoit, Jr. . Surveyors of Highways, ¦ Fence-viewers, Field-drivers, ( Abiel Eastman, , } Samuel Davis, , / Zenas Wheeler. Hogreeves, Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keepers, . Representative, . Grand Jurors, . Petit Jurors, . Corders of Wood, Hay-ward, . Collectors, . Benjamin Gale, David Davis, Timothy Chandler, Dyer Abbot, Murray Bradley, Joseph Swan, . Simon Virgin, . James Moulton, Abel Baker, Jacob Hoit, Moses John Currier, Jr., Jacob Eastman, Moody Dow, John Shute, Jr., Abel Baker, . . John Kimball, . Jacob Hoit. ( Benjamin Hanniford, | Charles Eastman. . William Austin Kent. ( Richard H. Ayer, < Capt. Samuel Davis, ( Paul Rolfe, ( John Shute, Jr., • Samuel Davis. ( John George, Jr., i Edmund Leavitt, ( John Thorndike. John West. . ( Eliphalet Emery, < Richard H. Ayer, ( Aaron Austin. Gile Joseph Dow, Jeremiah Virgin, Ebenezer Dustin. John Bradley, Nathan Ballard, Jr. David Hall. David Hall. Eliphalet Emery, Abel Hutchins, Samuel Butters, Jr., Edmund Leavitt, Nathaniel Ambrose, Asa Graham, Ebenezer Tenney, Moses Farnum, Abel Baker, James Johnson, Asa Herrick, Ezra Abbot, Jr., Samuel Davis, Aquilla Ferrin, Samuel Bradley. . Paul Rolfe, . Richard Ayer. {Reuben Goodwin, Joseph Giles. . Jeremiah Pecker, . William Tay, . Eliphalet Emery, . John Roach, , WUliam A. Kent, , Calvin How, ¦ David Hutchins, Richard Elliot, Israel Dimond. , Samnel Gains, Samuel Davis, Jacob Eastman, Chandler Lovejoy, John KimbaU, Abel Baker, Abiel Virgin. Charles Eastman, David George, Jr. John Bradley, Esq. Sherburne Wiggin- Jonathan Wilkins, Isaac Emery. David George, Jr., John Thorndike, Edmund Leavitt. John West. Joseph Dow, Jesse R. Tuttle.t Jeremiah Virgin. * Excused, f Excused, and in his place, Ebenezer Dueton. TOWN OFFICERS. 335 Cutters of Staves, Auditors, . . Inspector of Bread, Moderator, . Clerk, . . John Roach, Richard Ayer, Col. Timo. Chandler. Selectmen, .... Constables and Collectors, Tythingmen, . . . Sealer of Leather, . . Sealer of Wts. and Meas. Surveyors of Highways, Fence-viewers, ( James Moulton, ... . . Henry Moulton. } Nathan Ballard, ( John Silver. ( Capt. Richard Ayer, . J Col. Timothy Walker, ( Maj. Timothy Chandler. Timothy Chandler. March 1, 1803. March 6, 1804. Jonathan WUkins, Esq. . . Jonathan Wilkins. John Odlin John Odlin. ( Jona. Wilkins, Jona. Wilkins, J John West, John West, I Stephen Ambrose Amos Abbot, Jr. Richard Herbert, Jr., . . . Timothy Bradley,* Sherburne Wiggin, .... Timothy Carter, Jeremiah Virgin, .... John Hoit. Stephen Ambrose, .... Benja. Kimball, John West Levi Abbot. David Hall David Hall. , David Hall David Hall. ' Eliphalet Emery, .... Isaac Shute, Abel Hutchins, Abel Hutchins, Paul Rolfe John West, James Corlis, Isaac Dow, Zenas Wheeler, David Elliot, Israel Dimond, Timothy Dow, Richard Flanders, .... Ephraim Carter, Enoch Farnnm, .... Reuben Dimond, Isaac Farnum Christopher RoweU, Jr., Samuel Runnels, .... Israel Dimond, Jedediah Hoit, Levi Abbot, Amos Abbot, Jr., .... Pearl Kimball, Phinehas Virgin, Jr Reuben Goodwin, Jona. Ambrose, Jonathan Virgin, Jacob Hoit, Joseph Potter, Asa Kimball, Jr Daniel Kendall. f Samuel Butters, .... Paul Rolfe, J Richard Ayer, Peter Farnum, ( Nath'l Ambrose, .... Jona. Eastman. 'Jacob Emmons, .... Jere'h Pecker, Eben'r Duston, Moody Dow, Charles Emery, Nathan Abbot, 4th, Daniel Virgin Sherburne Wiggin, Isaac Dow, John Batchelder, James Moulton, .... Isaac Dimond^. Jere'h Wheeler Reuben Goodwin. Moody Dow, Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keepers-, . . Representative, . Daniel Kendall. Samuel Gains, . Abiel Virgin, . Abel Baker, . . John Kimball, . Benja. Powell, . John Hoit, Jr., . Jacob Eastman. David George, Jr., Charles Eastman. William A. Kent. Samuel Gains, Abel Virgin, George Rogers, Abel Baker, Jacob Eastman, Asa Graham, Moody Dow, Samuel Bradley. David George, Jr., Charles Eastman. Wm. A. Kent. » Excused. Richard II. Ayer in place of. 336 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Grand Jurors, . Petit Jurors, Corders of Wood, Hay-ward, . Cullers of Staves, Auditors of Accounts, Inspector of Hoops, . Eben'r Duston, Jan. 8. ( Nath'l Eastman, ' 1 Isaac Dimond. . John Stevens, . . . James WUley, . David George, Jr., . Edmund Leavitt. . Nath'l Abott, Jr. . . ( James Moulton, . . } Nathan Ballard, ( Samuel Butters. f Timothy Walker, Esq., 1 Eben'r Duston, . . . ( John Batchelder, . James Moulton. Eben. Duston, Jan. 20. John Colby, John Eastman. Charles Emery, James Willey, Edmund Leavitt, John Stevens. Sherburne Wiggin. James Moulton, Richard Wood, Joseph Runnels. Richard Ayer, Timothy Walker, Benja. Emery. CHAPTER XII. FROM 1805 TO 1815. By authority of the Legislature, Philip Carrigain, Esq., of Concord, was at this time engaged in preparing a new map of the State. To aid in the work, surveys were ordered by towns. The survey of this town " was sold at public vendue," and bid off by Capt. Edmund Leavitt, for one hundred dollars. Capt. Leavitt lived on the east side of the river, possessed a good knowledge of surveying, and executed a handsome map of the town, copies of which are in the hands of Jonathan Eastman, Esq., and William Prescott, m. d. John Bradley, Jonathan Wilkins and Ebenezer Dustin were appomted a committee, March 27th, to meet the committee of Boscawen in building and supporting a bridge across Contoocook river. The bridge was formerly considerably lower down the river than where it is now located. The committee reported in favor of supporting " one half of the bridge across Contoocook river at the old place ;" which report the town accepted, and voted to raise two hundred and fifty dollars to carry the same into effect. Subsequently the bridge became a source of litiga tion between the towns.* CONCORD BANK. By an act of the Legislature, June 18, 1806, "Timothy Walker, Caleb Stark, John Bradley, John Mills, Robert Harris, Ebenezer Peasley, Richard Ayer, William Whittle, William A. Kent, * See Document No. 2, for Chap. VIII. 338 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Joshua Darling, Thomas W. Thompson, Aquila Davis, John Chandler, Baruch Chase, Joseph Towne and Joseph Clough, and their associates," were incorporated " by the name of the Presi dent, Directors and Company of the Concord Bank ; for a period of twenty years, with a capital of not less than $50,000 nor more than $200,000, in specie." In proceeding to organize for the transaction of business under their charter, special diflSculties were encountered, growing chiefly, it is said, out of questions of location and management. Already there was a " north end " and a " south end " interest. In the former was Hon. Timothy Walker, and in the latter Col. WiUiam A. Kent, with whom, respectively, others took sides, according to their own ideas of interest. The result, however, was, two banks went into operation under the same charter, one called " The Upper Bank," and the other " The Lower Bank," each claiming exclusively to be the " Concord Bank." Of the Upper Bank, Timothy Walker was first president and Samuel Sparhawk, from Portsmouth, cashier. Of the Lower Bank, Joseph Towne, of Hopkinton, was president, and William A. Kent cashier. For several years a disagreeable competition existed between them. On the part of the upper bank a run was made upon the lower, for the payment in specie of their bills. By the lower bank, or by persons interested therein, suits were commenced against the other for issuing bills contrary to law ; and hence a litigation as to which was the lawful Concord Bank, was continued for a considerable time. In 1808 one Nehemiah Jones commenced a suit against Timothy Walker, containing more than a hundred counts, which embraced all the questions at issue.* In these suits the late Jeremiah Mason was employed as Jones's counsel. Tradition says that, after a while, Mason,- per ceiving the difficulties of the subject, and disposed to adjust the matter between the parties, signified to his client " that as he had got into gentlemen's company he must expect to pay a gentle man's price." Soon after, the rival banks came to an agreement, at least so far as to cease from vexing one another ; both obtained credit with the public, and continued to do business under one charter till the expiration of twenty years — then the upper bank * See printed volume, entitled " Pleadings, Jones v. Walker," in N. H. Hist. Soe. Library. ESTABLISHMENT OF SCHOOL DISTRICTS. 339 obtained a new charter, and took the name of Merrimack County Bank. A new brick building was erected for its use, in 1826, on the house-lot owned by the corporation, where the bank has continued to flourish until the present time. The lower bank obtained a modification and extension of its charter, in 1826 ; and continued to do business till 1840, when it failed, to the great loss of the stockholders and the det riment of the public. 1807. Agreeably to a law of the State, passed in 1805, the town appointed a committee, April 8, 1807, consisting " of one from each school district where orders have been drawn for school money annually," together with the selectmen, " to district the town into school districts." The committee consisted of Elipha let Emery, Richard Ayer, Paul Rolfe, John Garvin, Levi Abbot, Asa Herrick, Nathan Ballard, jr., Moses Abbot, Samuel Davis, William Eastman, Abel Baker, Nathaniel Rolfe, Stephen Farnum, John Eastman, Nathaniel Ambrose, Jonathan Virgin and Asa Kimball. The selectmen were Ebenezer Dustin, Enoch Coffin and Edmund Leavitt. The residence and number of members of this committee show that schools were at this time kept in at least sixteen places in town; and that the law of the State authorizing towns to lay out districts, only legalized what had already substantially been done. The local school districts, though not exactly defined and bounded, preceded the passage of the law. The committee above appointed chose Ebenezer Dus tin, chairman, and John Odlin, clerk, and in May following laid out the town into sixteen school districts, as follows,* viz : District No. 1. At Horse Hill, so called; " " 2. The Borough, so called ; " " 3. West Village of Concord ; " " 4. West Parish, where Capt. Samuel Knowlton lives ; " " 5. West of Long Pond ; " " 6. At Little Pond, where Nathan Ballard lives ; " " 7. On Hopkinton road, three miles from Main street ; " " 8. At Millville, so called ; " " 9. South end of Main street ; •For the bounds of these districts, see Town Records, 1807, pp. 310-316. 340 HISTORY OF CONCORD. District No. 10. Middle of Main street; " " 11. North end of Main street; " " 12. In the East Village, south part ; " " 13. On the Mountain, so called ; " " 14. At Snaptown, so called, north-east part of the town ; " " 15. On Loudon road, where Hon. Jacob A. Potter lives ; " " 16. At Garvin's Falls, so called. The districts formed at subsequent periods are : No. 17. By dividing district No. 8, on the line between Concord and Hopkinton. 18. By dividing district No. 9. 19. By dividing district No. 12. 20. By dividing district No. 2, now in FisherviUe. 21. By dividing district No. 13. 22. On the Dark Plain, so called, towards Chichester. 23. Near the line between Concord and Bow, beyond Mr. James Hall's. In thus districting the town, the selectmen " determined that the lands owned by persons residing without the limits of Concord shall be taxed in the several school districts, for school purposes." In March, 1808, thirty dollars were ordered to be raised " to build, of wood, a pound ; to be located near the meeting-house." This pound was at first located a few rods north of the meeting house; — afterwards it was removed to Pond Hill, where it remained till about 1826. The selectmen were authorised to purchase powder and ball, and other articles that the law requires, for a town stock. To procure a bell for the meeting-house, it was determined " to sell the ground of two of the front seats on the floor of the meeting house," which should be made into pews, and the money arising from said sale to be appropriated towards purchasing a bell, when a sufficient sum in addition shall be subscribed for the purpose. The ground for the pews was sold at " public vendue," at the house of William Stickney, March 27th, and bid off as follows : 1. To Peter Robertson, $86.00 2. " Daniel Greenleaf, 86.25 3. " Bowen Crehore, 68.00 4. " George Hough, 67.25 $307.50 THE OLD NORTH CHURCH. 341 October 19th, the selectmen, by request, laid out for a road that part of State street, extending from Pleasant to School street, three rods in width ; the land being given for the pur pose by Benjamin Gale, George Hough, Thomas G. Stevens, Josiah Rogers and William A. Kent. 1810. THE MEETING-HOUSE. The meeting house, which, as mentioned in the preceding chap ter, was enlarged in 1802, received this year the ad dition of a bell — with the sound of which the people appeared to be so much pleased that they provided for ringing it three times a day. At the meeting in March it was vot ed, " that the bell be rung at seven o'clock in the morning, twelve at noon, and nine . at night, except Sundays, — and the selectmen di rect the time on Sundays ;" " that the ringing of the bell and the care of the meeting-house be set up to the lowest bidder, and that the person bidding off the same give bonds to the selectmen for the faithful performance of the same ;" " that twenty-five dollars be 342 HISTORY OF CONCORD. raised for ringing the bell, and paid to Sherburn Wiggin — it being bid off by him agreeable to the above vote." SWINE. Heretofore swine had had a lawless range in Concord: but this year they were not only to be " yoked and rung," but con fined. Hence, Voted, " That for every swine found running at large at any season, in the Main street, between John Bradley's, Esq., and John Colby's, the owner be liable to the same penalty, and to be recovered in the same way, as for swine going at large unyoked and unrung in the season that the law requires them to be yoked and rung." By request of William A. Kent, Samuel Green, Simeon G. Hall, Benjamin Gale, George Hough, Joshua Abbot, jr., and William Stickney, the selectmen, in September of this year, laid out that part of State street, from the corner where the house of the late James Buswell stands, to what is now called School street, to meet the portion of the street laid out the year previ ous. As a compensation for the land taken for this road, they awarded to the owners of the land as follows : " to James Bus- well, six dollars ; to Joshua Abbot, jr., fifty cents ; to William Stick ney, twenty-five cents ; to Simeon G. Hall, twenty-five cents ; to Timothy Abbot, thirty dollars ; to William A. Kent, twenty-five cents ; to Ebenezer Dustin, twenty-five cents ; to Richard Ayer, twenty-five cents ; to Abel Hutchins, twenty-five cents ; to George Connell, ten dollars ; and to Peter Robertson, twenty-five cents. At the same time the selectmen laid out that part of what is now Washington street— two rods wide — from State to Main street. Benjamin Emery, jr., bid off " the ringing of the bell, taking care of and sweeping the meeting house," at thirty-nine dollars.' 1812. The liberty of the swine was still further abridged. March 9th, Voted, " That no swine be allowed to run at large on the road from Concord bridge to Boscawen bridge, under a penalty to the owner of twenty-five cents for each offence." STATE PRISON. Before State street was made, the building of the State ESTABLISHMENT OF A FIRE DEPARTMENT. 343 Prison was commenced. The land, consisting of about two acres, was given by the late Mr. Joshua Abbot. The location was thought to be quite out of the way of business and of population. The superintendant in the building was Stuart J. Park, Esq., who afterwards built the State House. The prison was built entirely of granite, quarried from Rattlesnake Hill. The part which now forms the south wing, originally constructed, was seventy feet in length, thirty-six wide, and walls three feet in thickness : in this the prisoners were confined. There were in all thirty-six cells, the dimensions of which were eight feet by nine, with the excep tion of six in the upper story, for the accommodation of the sick, &c, which were ten feet by seventeen. The yard was enclosed by a faced wall of granite, fourteen feet high, surrounded by a range of pickets ten feet in length. The first cost of the build ing to the State, with the appurtenances, was about thirty-seven thousand dollars. It was completed in 1812. The first person committed to the prison was John Drew, of Meredith, Strafford county. He was committed for horse-stealing, November 24, 1812, for five years ! The prison has since been greatly en larged and improved. EXTINGUISHMENT OF FIRES. A committee, consisting of Thomas W. Thompson, Charles Walker and Samuel Green, Esqrs., was appointed, March 9th, to report at the next meeting a " by-law for the extinguishment of fires ;" and one hundred dollars were voted to purchase "fire-hooks, and make the necessary repairs to the engine." This appears to have been the first step which the town took towards organizing an effective fire department. The committee, composed of able lawyers, drafted a by-law, which was approved and adopted by the town. It provided, (1,) for the appointment of a suitable number of fire-wards, who should have, for a distinguishing badge of their office, a staff, five feet long, painted red, and headed with a bright spire, six inches long — to be purchased at the expense of the town. (2.) They should have authority to require and demand assistance of any inhabitants of the town to extinguish fires ; direct their labors, suppress disorders, &c. (3.) To search and inspect houses, and places where danger 344 HISTORY OF CONCORD. was apprehended of fires ; and to order the removal of com bustibles, &c* THE WAR OF 1812. Soon after the declaration of war, by Congress, against Eng land, in 1812, Concord was selected as the place of rendezvous, both for soldiers destined for the defence of the northern frontiers and of the sea-coast. The large house built by Philip Carrigain, near the north end of Main street, about 1799, was occupied for barracks.f Gen. Aquila Davis, of Warner, had command of a regiment of volunteers for the northern army, of which John Carter, of Concord, was lieutenant-colonel. About this time, or early in 1813, Joseph Low, of Amherst, came to Concord, holding a lieutenant's commission in Capt. Benjamin Bradford's company, which marched to the frontiers. At the close of the campaign in 1813 Mr. Low had charge of the recruiting service here. He was also pay-master and quarter-master in the regi ment to which he belonged. Lieut. Col. Darrington, a recruiting officer for the United States service, had barracks for his soldiers at the lower end of Main street, opposite the house of the late Dea. Willey. The whole number of soldiers who had their ren dezvous in Concord in 1812 and 1813 was reckoned at about five "hundred. At the annual town meeting in March, 1813, some of the vol unteer soldiers attempted to vote contrary to the decision of the moderator, Col. William A. Kent. The affair, which was at tended with great excitement at the time, is thus referred to in the town records : " Voted, That the conduct of one McCoy, a volunteer in the service of the United States, and not belonging to this town, in attempting, yesterday, in defiance of the moderator of the meet ing, to vote for State and County officers, deserves severe cen sure ; but his act of collaring the moderator while in the exercise of his official duty, we consider an outrage of the most destruc tive character. " Voted, That the thanks of this meeting be given to William * See Town Records, 1813, p. 376 ; also, list of officers for 1812. t The house is now owned by Robert E. Pecker and Jonathan E. Lang. SOLDIERS INTERFERING IN AN ELECTION. 345 A. Kent, Esq., the moderator, for his temperate, resolute and judicious conduct upon that occasion." To which vote the moderator made the following reply : " Fellow Citizens, — This expression of your approbation of my conduct, as presiding officer at the election of your State officers yes terday, demands my grateful acknowledgment. " Aware of the responsibility attached to the office of moderator, and having intimation of the elaiming that was intended by the sol diers stationed in this town, calling themselves United States Volun teers, to interfere in our election, I endeavored so to decide respect ing their voting, as would, I- hoped, satisfy every man who regarded the rights of the citizen. With this view I was led to extend the right of suffrage to what was, in my opinion, and that of many oth ers, a doubtful case : — I mean, that of admitting the votes of those in the service of the United States who were inhabitants of this town at the time of their enlistment, and not yet departed from it. The arguments in favor of their admission were, that in consequence of the rendezvous being in Concord, they had not yet left their habita tions ; that some of them had families here ; and that they had paid taxes to the town for the year which had not yet expired. " Having no disposition to abridge the right of suffrage, I was wil ling to give all possible weight to these considerations ; and if I erred, that it should be in favor of that privilege. I therefore received their votes. Here I thought it my duty to stop. The soldiers from the barracks, who never were recognized as inhabitants, could not, in my view of the subject, be so considered, for the purpose of elect ing or being elected into office. I was yesterday proceeding to state the grounds of my opinion on this subject ; but meeting with inter ruption, evidently intended to protract the meeting to a late hour, I determined to proceed no farther in that attempt, but to come at once to that ground which I determined to maintain at the hazard of my life. "I considered faithfulness no less a duty in a moderator than im partiality. I viewed it as an important crisis, as it respected this town, and perhaps the State. This may be the place in which a standing army shall first attempt to lay prostrate the rights and lib erties of the citizen. I decided that these ballots should not be re ceived in any way or manner. The insult offered to the town by the assault on its representative, I doubt not is duly felt by my fellow citizens; and I rejoice that notwithstanding the difference of opinion respecting our national politics, so many of those who differ from me on that part united in reprobating and resenting that indignity.' ' The scarlet fever broke out among the soldiers early in March, 1813, which was very malignant and fatal. It spread also among the inhabitants. The whole number of cases was two hun dred and forty-seven : of which, of inhabitants, ninety-three, and 346 HISTORY OF CONCORD. deaths six ; of regular soldiers, forty-nine, and deaths seven ; of volunteers, one hundred, and deaths twenty-four.* For accommodation of sick soldiers, a building was erected, as a hospital, upon land owned by Mr. Nathaniel Abbot, west of the State Prison ; which was afterwards sold, and the proceeds ap plied to liquidate the cost of building.! A Dr. Bartley, (proba bly of Londonderry,) was engaged to aid in taking care of the sick inhabitants ; for whose compensation the town voted, " that the selectmen should collect what they could from the persons whom the doctor visited, and the remainder of his bill be paid out of any money belonging to the town." Of soldiers belonging to Concord who marched to the northern frontiers, the following were in Capt. Flanders' company, 45th regiment, of which Marshall Baker, of Concord was first lieu tenant: Ebenezer Frye, James Emerson, John Uran, Daniel Arlin, Jonathan Uran, Jonathan B. Worth, Nathaniel Parker, James Elliot, Samuel Emerson. In the 4th regiment were John Elliot, Jonathan Uran, J John Dunlap, John Virgin, and James Dunlap, who died. James Elliot reenlisted in the fourth regiment ; Asa Hardy served in both the forty-fifth and fourth ; Jonathan Elliot was on *-Tne names of tbe soldiers who died of scarlet fever in this town, 1813, as recorded by tile late John Farmer, Esq., were — March 6. Joshua Belknap; " 16. Kendrick Houghton. " 17. John C. Boyd. April 4. James Taggart, of Hillsborough. " 7. Samuel Davis, Chester. " 7. Bradbury M. Carr, Chester. " 9. Nathan Steams, Goffstown. " 13. John Abbott, Warner. " 13. Elias Davis, Bow. •' 14. One Jones. " 15. Alexander Witherspoon, Bridgewater. " 16. Isaac Smith, Goshen. " 17. William Gage, Wendell. " 18. Ebenezer Woodbury, Dunbarton. " 18. Robert Crawford, Bridgewater, " 18. " 19. Whitney, Henniker. " 19. David Patch, New-Boston. " 19. David Hart, Goffstown. t Mr. Abbot bought the building, moved it on to Main street and fitted it up for a dwelling- house. It now forms a part of tbe house owned by Dea. James Moulton, on Washington street. X He served part of the time in the 45th and part in the 4th regiment. PATRIOTIC MANIFESTATIONS. 347 the peace establishment, and died at Rock Island, in the Missis sippi river, Illinois. Timothy Abbot, of Andover, was a Concord recruit.* In 1814, August 29th, the selectmen were authorized " to hire all soldiers which may be called for, in lieu of drafting." In March, 1815', they were directed to pay four dollars per month to each soldier detached for the defence of Portsmouth, in the service of the United States. As Portsmouth, the only sea-port in New-Hampshire, was in peculiar danger from armed vessels of the enemy, public attention was particularly directed to that quarter. For the names of the men from Concord, sta tioned there in 1812, '13, '14, and '15, with their respective commanders, reference must be had to the documentary chapter.f Capt. Peter Robertson's volunteer company of artillery, that was in service twenty days, from September 10th to 29th, marched from Concord on the Sabbath, passing the old North Church, over Federal bridge, thence on the turnpike to Portsmouth. In this company were several highly respected citizens still living. But the spirit of patriotism was not confined to the men who actually marched to the field of danger. Venerable, aged men, some of whom had served in the War of the Revolution, who were exempted from active service, offered themselves for the defence of their country. Sometime in September, 1814, at the instance of John T. Gilman, the then Governor of New-Hampshire, a public call was made for volunteers of that class of citizens who were by law exempt from military duty, in the ranks of the militia, to form themselves into companies, for the purpose of home defence in case of necessity from invasion. Some of the most respectable citizens of Concord immediately responded to the call ; held a pub lic meeting, and organized a company for that purpose, numbered the sixth company of volunteers. The officers chosen by the company were — Stephen Ambrose, Esq., captain ; Samuel Spar- hawk, Esq., 1st lieutenant, then Secretary of State; Nathan Ballard, Esq., 2d lieutenant ; Ezra Hutchins, ensign ; Moses Long, 1st sergeant, orderly and clerk ; G. W. Rogers, ex-cap- * Reminiscences of Lieut. Marshall Baker. See Baker family, in Genealogical Chapter. t Document No. 1, for Chapter XII. 348 HISTORY OF CONCORD. tain, 2d do. ; Samuel Davis, West Parish, ex-captain, 3d do. ; Samuel Runnels, 4th do. Corporals not recollected. There were some over an hundred privates enrolled in the company, many of whom had held offices, both civil and military, as the secretary of the State and treasurer, seven justices of the peace, one colonel, one lieutenant-colonel, one major, and nineteen captains. Quite a majority of the company were made up of some of the most respectable citizens and yeomanry of the town ; among whom may be recollected the elder Esq. Bradley, Esq. Charles Walker, Wm. Stickney, inn-keeper, Capt. Richard Ayer, Major Timothy Chandler, Capt. Edmund Leavitt, Capt. Charles Eastman, Capt. Jacob Eastman, Jeremiah Pecker, Millen Kimball, Asa Kimball, Asa Graham,* &c, &c. The meeting preliminary to forming the above company was held September 10, at Stickney's hall ; Col. Wm. A. Kent, chairman ; Seth Tucker, clerk. A committee, consisting of Col. Wm. A. Kent, Stephen Ambrose, Jonathan Eastman, Isaac Dow, and John George, reported the following preamble and res olution, which were adopted : " Whereas, in defence of our altars and fire-sides, our property and our country, Americans can have but one opinion : Resolved, That it is expedient to form a military association in the town of Concord, of such persons as are not enrolled in the militia, to be in readiness, at a moment's warning, to act under the direction of the Commander-in-Chief, for the defence of the State." Capt. Richard Ayer, Capt. John Eastman, Hon. Wm. A. Kent, Mr. Isaac Dow, Mr. Philbrick Bradley, Mr. Daniel Clark, Ballard Hazeltine, Esq., Mr. John Garvin, Capt. Samuel Run nels, Nathan Ballard, jr., Timothy Carter, Esq., and Capt. Pearl Kimball, were appointed a committee to give information, and form a plan, &c, for the association, which was duly organ ized. This company of venerable men, fully armed and equipped, paraded in town, October 1, and marched through Main street. " Their appearance was accompanied with the proud conviction ?Reminiscence, by Dr. Moses Long, of Rochester, N. Y., who was clerk of the company. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 349 that this nation can never be conquered when such defenders shoulder the musket."* i A squad, or small company of volunteers, was also formed in East Concord, in consequence of a rumor that the British in tended to destroy the United States seventy-four gun ship Wash ington, then on the stocks at Kittery, Maine. This company was also under drill by Dr. Moses Long, and consisted of about twenty men, of whom Gen. Isaac Eastman, Gen. Simeon Ste vens and Col. Robert Ambrose, are recollected.f MISCELLANEOUS INCIDENTS. On Thursday evening, August 17th, 1809, at about half an hour before midnight, the inhabitants of the town were roused from sleep by the dismal cry of "fire! fire!" supposed to have originated from the heat of an air furnace or forge in the clock manufactory of Major Timothy Chandler. The manufactory, with all its contents, house, barn, (full of hay,) &c, sheds, and other buildings belonging to Maj. Chandler, with two large barns of hay, belonging to Robert Harris, Esq., were consumed. Maj. Chandler's loss was estimated at $5,000 ; for his relief $1,200 were generously subscribed by inhabitants of the town and of the vicinity. Mr. Harris's loss was about $1000. MAD DOG. . A dog, belonging to Mr. Charles Emery, supposed to be mad, bit a number of other dogs, and snapped at several persons. He was immediately killed.^ Died in this town, January 16, 1810, Henry, the only son of Mr. Henry Chandler, aged about nine years. At his funeral the scholars of the fifth school district, of which the deceased was a member, being clad in mourning, formed a procession, walked to the house, preceded by Peter C. Farnum, Esq., preceptor of the *JV. H. Patriot, October 4, 1814. f Dr. Long. J: Patriot, August 29, 1809. 350 HISTORY OF CONCORD. school, and attended the funeral. The regularity and decorum of these youths reflected credit on themselves and their in structor. Mr. Abraham Osgood, who lived in school district number four teen, came to his death by a wound received from a mill-saw.* He was sitting on the log, in meditation, and was imperceptibly drawn so near to the saw that it caught him, and before he could extricate himself was mortally wounded — deep incisions being made in his side through the ribs, into his abdomen. With great strength and firm nerve he turned the saw some inches from its course ; shut down the gate, and walked a few rods to a near house, from which he was borne on a litter to his home, and in about three weeks died, aged forty-four. Several creatures which were bitten by a mad dog in the month of April died about three weeks afterwards, exhibiting all the symptoms of canine madness. EXTRAORDINARY CALF. A cow belonging to Mr. Abner Farnum, jr, of this town, last week brought two calves, one of which had two perfect heads, • with two back bones running parallel to each other — two perfect intestines — two hearts, &c, with only four legs. Its body was about the size of a common calf at a month old. The other calf was of perfect shape and the common size — both lived for a short timet The tannery of Mr. Abner Farnum, jr., of Concord, was destroyed by fire on Tuesday, 27th February, 1811. Married in this town, Mr. Ebenezer Ball to Miss Nancy Cu- more. When Cupid with his fiery dart Had pierc'd this maiden to the heart, — The most extra'rdinary thing of all, She's not afraid to face a Ball. J. W.J Married in this town, Mr. Robert Ambrose to Mrs. Cleasby, the ages of both (79 and 67) make 146 years. One great-grand daughter, 18 years of age, attended the wedding.^ * The date is not certainly known, but sometime in 1810. The occurrence took place at " Lovejoy's Mills," so called. Mr. 0. was born in Salisbury, Mass. t Patriot, January 22, 1811. J lb., March 26, 1811. $ I}., April 12, 1811. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 351 Capt. John Roche, or Roach, died in this town May 11, 1811, aged 74. He was a native of Cork, Ireland, and came to Con cord during the Revolutionary War, about 1778. The tradition is that Capt. Roach was the master of a vessel engaged in the fur trade .Having loaded at Quebec for London, he most unaccount ably got out of his latitude and made Portsmouth harbor, where he disposed of his furs on his own account ! He afterwards mar ried Major Robert Rogers'* wife, [who was divorced from her husband,] whose maiden name was Elizabeth Furness, of Ports mouth, f Moving to Concord, he settled on the farm lately owned by Gov. Isaac Hill. The house where he lived is still standing — known as the " Rogers House." Many anecdotes are related of Capt. Roach, which, as they illustrate vices rather than virtues of character, may be passed over. He was, however, a regular customer at Mother Osgood's tavern and at the store kept by John Stevens. The story is told that he often bought New-Eng land rum in a wooden bottle or small keg ; but sometimes a trick would be played upon him, by taking out the stopple, or boring the bottle with a gimblet, in which cases the Captain would dis charge a volley of oaths ! Benjamin Hanniford died on the 6th of May, and was interred on the 9th in the Friends' Burying Ground. CELEBRATION OF AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE JULY 4, 1811. The anniversary of American Independence was celebrated in Concord by the republican citizens of this and the adjoining towns, those of Amherst and Wilton, and by other gentlemen from various parts, with greater splendor, dignity and hilarity, than had been witnessed on any former occasion in this State. At the dawn of the morning a salute of eighteen guns was fired from the Artillery, stationed near Capt. Solomon Mann's, which was answered by an equal number from the ship President, lying at anchor near Concord Bridge. At ten o'clock an immense collection of republicans met in convention at Capt. Mann's, and * The spy-glass used by Maj. Rogers in the French War, is now iu possession of Mr. Charles Hutchins, of Concord. t Related by Hon. C. E. Potter. 352 HISTORY OF CONCORD. chose Hon. Timothy Walker president of the day, with other officers. A procession was formed, the centre of which was opposite Major Timothy Chandler's, which, at a signal gun from the ship President, moved to the meeting-house, where prayer was offered by the Rev. Mr. Ruter, of Northfield. The Declaration of In dependence was read, and an oration delivered by Charles G. Haines, Esq., of Canterbury. At the close of the exercises at the meeting-house the proces sion marched to the bower appointed for the entertainment ; bat on the way a naval battle was fought between the ship President and His Majesty's sloop of war, the Little Belt, of which we have the following notice : "SHIPPING MEMORANDA." " Interesting interior Ship News. The United States frig ate President, sailing with four wheels on dry land, emblematic of our dry dock policy, and mounting one iron and twelve wooden swiv els, while passing Horse Shoe Pond, near Concord, N. H., the 4th inst., fired upon the British sloop-of-war Little Belt, (an old canoe, or rather, a hollow log, each end being well secured with mud to keep it from sinking,) and, shocking to tell, made such havoc and confu sion among the musquetos, that she struck her colors and surrendered at discretion." After this glorious victory the President hauled her wind, tacked to the southward and came in under an easy sail to the bank of the bower — east of Mr. Mann's tavern — for the enter tainment prepared ; where, after a grand salute of eighteen guns, which was answered by an equal number from the artillery, and three cheers from her crew, which were responded to by the spectators, she dropped her anchors. After dinner toasts were drank, with appropriate music, amid the thunder of artillery. The following volunteer toast was offered by Timothy Dix, Esq., father of Hon. John A. Dix, of New-York: " God guard our President from harm, Long may he weather out the storm ; Long may he live to quell his foes, And hold the Essex Junto by the nose." INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 353 About four hundred dollars in money and produce were sub scribed by the citizens of Concord, for the relief of sufferers by fire in Newburyport, Mass. POST RIDER'S NOTICE. "Look Ye! " From Concord to Walpole through Charlestown, I say, I have rode through the mud and the dust of the day : — I have met with the showers and the shines in their turn, And sometimes a storm which would cause me to mourn — To bring you the news ! "And now, my good patrons, let us square our newspaper accounts — yon with me, and I with the printers, on the first week of Octo ber next. Joseph Smith. September 10, 1811." Capt. Charles Emery, who died October 10, 1811, aged thirty- one years, was interred with military honors, attended by a very numerous and respectable concourse ; nearly four hundred of whom followed his remains to " the house appointed for all living." Died suddenly in this town, December 28, 1811, (at Mrs. Duncan's,) Hannah Shapley, aged eleven years. Her death was occasioned by a fall — her head striking the door-step before her body reached the ground. The neck was so injured that she expired immediately. On Saturday morning, February 15, 1812, a fire broke out in the building occupied by Messrs. Mann & Robertson, traders, and Capt. George W. Rogers, cabinet-maker, which stood on the spot where Mr. Richard Herbert now lives. The shavings and other combustible materials soon enveloped the upper part of the build ing in flames, and it was consumed. The fire greatly endangered the " Upper Bank," which, however, was preserved by the spir ited exertions of the citizens, with the help of Concord engine No. 1 — the only fire engine then in town. The bank vault was then in a small building adjoining the house now owned by Rev. Dr. Bouton, and the north room of said house was the office of the Cashier and Directors. The house was entirely cleared — the windows and doors taken out, in the expectation that its 23 354 HISTORY OF CONCORD. destruction was inevitable. The contents of the vault were also removed to a place of safety. COLD WINTER. We believe there has not been within the recollection of the oldest inhabitants a winter in which the cold has been bo severe and of such long continuance. Even now the sleighing is good in the interior of the State, and the Merrimack is in most places passable on the ice.* About one hundred feet of Concord bridge was carried away by the ice, Sunday morning, April 12th. Mr. Stephen Swett, of the U. S. army, was drowned in the Merrimack river, July — , supposed to have entered in, in a deranged state. He leaves a wife and several children in Andover. In March, 1813, a mail commenced ironing between Concord and Amherst, through Dunbarton, Bedford and Goflstown. CONCORD PRICE-CURRENT LN TIME OF THE WAR — 1813. Corn, $1,121 to $1,33 ; rye, $1,33 ; wheat, $2,00 ; oats, 50 cents per bushel. Veal, 4 to 6 cents per pound; butter — very scarce — 20 cents per pound. A child of Mr. Ephraim Famum was killed by the falling of stones from a waU.f On the 3d of September, 1813, Joseph, son of Mr. Joseph Wheat, of Concord, was drowned in Merrimack river. A society was formed in Concord this year, "for discounte nancing vice and immorality," of which Rev. Asa McFarland was president, and George Hough secretary. In December a petition was forwarded to Congress, praying that restrictions might be laid upon " the distillation of bread-stuffs into ardent spirits," as a means of remedy for the exhorbitant price of pro visions, and to check the growing evil of intemperance. In January, 1814, the members of " the Concord Female Charitable Society," with other ladies of Concord, raised and transmitted the sum of one hundred and sixty-four dollars and * Patriot, March 31, 1812. t !'¦> July 6th. TOWN OFFICERS. 355 seventy-seven cents to Portsmouth, to be distributed among the women and children who are sufferers by the late calamitous fire in that place. In 1814 a bounty of one hundred and twenty-four dollars was offered to soldiers who should enlist in the United States service, one hundred and sixty acres of land, and eight dollars per month, with rations and clothing. Master Francis Thompson, son of Hon. Thomas W. Thompson, aged ten years, was drowned in Merrimack river, on Wednesday evening, June 22, 1814, while bathing. He was accompanied by Hamilton Hutchins, John B. Chandler, and Artemas David son. The place where the occurrence took place was then known as Sandy Point, — the bend in the river about a mile south-east of the State House. The companions of Thompson were terri fied, ran home so soon as they saw what had happened, and gave no alarm. In the night, Hutchins being aroused from sleep, and enquired of what had become of Thompson, said, " he is in the river." A resolve passed the Legislature of New-Hampshire in June, 1814, authorizing the Directors of the State Prison to request the Rev. Dr. McFarland to attend prayer with the convicts on the Lord's day, and furnish each occupied cell of the prison with a Bible and Hymn book. LIST OF TOWN OFFICERS, REPRESENTATIVES, DELEGATES AND JURORS, FROM 1805 TO 1815. Jlfare* 12, 1805. March 11, 1806. Moderator Jonathan Wilkins, Esq. . . Timothy Walker, Esq. Clerk, John Odlin John Odlin. ( Jonathan Wilkins, .... Ebenezer Dustin, Selectmen } John West, Enoch Coffin, ( Amos Abbot, Jr Edmund Leavitt. f Jeremiah Virgin, .... Timothy Carter, Constables and Collect'rs, 1 Richard Herbert, Jr., . . . Peter Robertson, I Eliphalet Emery Isaac Emery. t, ,,, . ( Abel Hutchins, Edmund Leavitt, lythingmen, • • • j peter Swan Samuel Davis. 356 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Sealer of Leatlier, . . David Hall. . . Sealerof Wts. and Meas., David HaU. . . ' Asa Graham, . Reuben Goodwin, Anthony Potter, Charles Eastman, Joseph Knowles, Enoch Coffin, . Timothy Chandler, Jonathan Wilkins, Asa Abbot, . Joseph Dow, John Garvin, Ballard Hazeltine, Joseph Elliot, Jr., Moses Abbot, . j Moses Swett, I Isaac Dimond, . Surveyors of Highways, Fence-viewers, . Field-drivers, . . Hogreeves, . . . Rolfe, Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keepers, . Representative, . Grand Juror, . Petit Jurors, . . Carders of Wood, . Cullers of Staves, . Benjamin Kimball, Richard Herbert, Jr., Capt. Richard Ayer, Jacob Eastman, Daniel Kendall. James Willey, . Jeremiah Pecker, Paul Josiah Whidden. ' Timothy Butters, John Stevens, . Timothy Walker, Jr., Joseph Cutchins, James Moulton, Daniel Virgin, . David Goodwin, James Buswcll, Daniel Kendall, Benjamin Simpson, William Garvin, Eben Tenney, Abner Dimond. Samnel Gains, Jacob Eastman, Abel Baker, Asa Herrick, John Kimball, . John Thompson, Chandler Lovejoy, Abiel Virgin. . ! David George, . Charles Eastman. William A. Kent. Richard H. Ayer. ( Capt. Richard Ayer, j Stephen Ambrose, Esq. ' Charles Emery, Stephen Ambrose, James Willey, . John Thorndike. James Moulton, Sargent Rogers, Samnel Gains, Daniel Newell, Richard Wood David HaU. David HaU. Joseph Walker, Abel Hutchins, Samuel Butters, Jeremiah Virgin, Nathaniel Ambrose, Moses Gale, Mellen Kimball, Moses Famum, Jonathan Johnson, Joseph Elliot, Jr., Israel Dimond, Moses HaU, Jesse Baker, Reuben Abbot, Jr., Benjamin Wheeler, John Garvin, Peter C. Farnum. John West, Edmund Leavitt, WiUiam Wheeler. David George. . Samuel WiUey, . Benjamin Paine, . Daniel Virgin, . John Elliot, Jr., . Samnel Dow, . John Batchelder, . Benjamin Abbot, Jr., . William Garvin, . George Arlin, . Stephen Chase, ¦ Moses Carter, Jr. Daniel Kendall, Sargent Rogers, Samuel Gains, Abiel Virgin, George W. Rogers, Daniel NeweU, Abel Baker, Jacob Hoit, Moody Dow. David George, Jr., Charles Eastman. Samuel Green, Esq. Capt. Sherb'ne Wiggin. Ens. Jonathan Virgin, Daniel Kendall. James WiUey, John Thorndike, Stephen Ambrose. John Thompson, Henry Moulton. TOWN OFFICERS. 357 Auditors, Moderator, Clerk, . ' John Roach, Benjamin Emery, 'Paul Rolfe. . . Selectmen, .... Constables andCollecfrs, Tythingmen, . . . Sealer of Leather, . Sealer of Wts. and Meas., Surveyors of Highways, Fence-viewers, . . Hogreeves, March 10. 1807. Timothy Walker, Esq. John Odlin. Ebenezer Dustin, Enoch Coffin, . Edmund Leavitt Timothy Carter, Joshua Abbot, Jr., Eliphalet Emery. Ebenezer Dustin, Enoch Coffin, . Edmund Leavitt. David Hall. David Hall. Abel Hutchins, . Timothy Butters, Levi Abbot, Zenas Wheeler, Stephen Webster, Jr., Abiel Walker, . Isaac Dow,* Ephraim Colby, Enoch Farnum, Henry Martin, Jr., Joseph ElUot, Jr., Jacob Eastman, John Lovejoy, . Abiel Eastman, WiUiam Hoit, . John Garvin, Zebediah Farnum. Joseph Walker, John Thorndike, Stephen Ambrose, John Thompson, Timothy Bradley, Ballard Hazeltine. Abiel Walker, . Jonathan Perkins, Isaac Shute, Isaac Eastman, . David Garvin, . Abel Baker, Joseph Colby, Jr., Benjamin Emery, Jr., Abel Clough. . . Surveyors of Lumber, Pound-keepers, . Representative, , Grand Juror, . ' George W. Rogers, Sargent Rogers, Samuel Gains, . Abiel Virgin, . Joseph Dow, John Lovejoy, . Abel Baker, . Jacob Eastman, Daniel ( David George, Jr., \ Charles Eastman. . Samuel Green, Esq., Capt. Sherburne Wigg: in. NeweU. Capt. Ayer, Capt. Emery, Maj. Chandler. March 8, 1808. Timothy Walker, Esq. John Odlin. Enoch Coffin, Samuel Butters, Timothy Carter. Samuel Davis, Moses Ayer, Timothy Bradley. Nathan Ballard, Jr., Ephraim Carter, Levi Abbot. Timothy Chandler. Timothy Chandler, Timothy Butters, Daniel Kendall, Israel Dimond, Ephraim Farnum, Jr., Moody Dow, Thomas Abbot, Enoch Hoit, Enoch Brown, Stephen Ambrose, Nathaniel Ambrose, Ebenezer Tenney, John Thompson, Joseph Morse, Peter Farnum, Moses Carter, Joshua Abbot, Jr. Paul Rolfe, John Thorndike, Enoch Coffin, Isaac Dow, Timothy Bradley. John OdUn, Bowen Crehore, Abner Famum, Jr., Timothy Butters, Chandler Eastman, Simeon Virgin, James Moulton, Peter Flanders, Timothy Dow, David Kimball. Sargent Rogers, George W. Rogers, James Willey, Abiel Virgin, Abel Baker, Samuel Davis, Daniel Newell. David George, James Moulton. Samuel Green, Esq. Capt. Richard Ayer. * Excused. Moses Farnum substitute. 358 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Petit Jurors, Carders of Wood, . Hay-ward, . Cullers of Staves, . Auditors, . Fire-wards, . Moderator, Clerk, . ( Capt. Jacob Eastman, Richard H. Ayer. Charles Emery, John Thorndike, James Willey, . Obadiah KimbaU, Sargent Rogers. Selectmen, Constables and Collect' Sealer of Leather, Sealer of Wts. and Meas., Vs,j Surveyors of Highways, {James Moulton, WiUiam Garvin. ( Paul Rolfe, . . } Benjamin Emery, (Jonathan Wilkins. Benjamin KimbaU, Nathaniel Abbot, Sargent Rogers, Timothy Chandler, Paul Rolfe. March 14, 1809. WUUam A. Kent. John Odlin. . . John Odlin, . Amos Abbot, Jr., Nathaniel Abbot. Levi Bartlett, . James BnsweU, John Bradley, Jr. Abiel Walker. . Timothy Chandler. Moses Carter, . Daniel Hall, . Stephen Webster, Timothy Butters, Peter Robertson, Nathan Stickney, Isaac Dow, . Samnel Davis, Timothy Dow, Ezra Elliot, . Moody Dow, Christopher RoweU. John Garvin, Jeremiah Pecker, Nathaniel Ambrose. Jonathan Virgin, Asa KimbaU. Jr., Surveyors of Lumber, Field-drivers, John Ladd, . . James WiUey, . Abel Baker, . . Moody Dow, Peter C. Farnum, Ezra Hutchins, . Abiel Virgin, . John Lovejoy, . George W. Rogers John Thompson, Josiah Rogers. Jr. ?Collector. Timothy Chandler, Peter Robertson. Sargent Rogers, Charles Emery, James Willey, Jonathan Eastman, Jr., Isaac Eastman. Sherburne Wiggin. ; James Moulton, j Joseph Runnels, | Nathan Ballard. Benjamin Emery, Paul Rolfe, Stephen Ambrose. Timothy Chandler, Joseph Walker, Paul Rolfe. March 13, 1810. William A. Kent. John Odlin. Nathaniel Abbot, Edmund Leavitt, Sherburne Wiggin. Charles Emery,* Reuben Goodwin, James BnsweU. David HaU. Timothy Chandler. John Corliss, Nathaniel Bradley, Ezra Hutchins, Timothy Hazeltine, Abel Hutchins, Eliphalet Emery, Timothy Walker, Jr., Joseph EUiot, Jr., David Carter, Benjamin Simpson, Moses Abbot, Laban Page, Isaac Farnum, John Garvin, Jeremiah Pecker, Timothy Bradley, Moses KimbaU, Jonathan Virgin, . Daniel Virgin. Josiah Rogers, Porter Blanchard, Abiel Virgin, John Thompson, John Lovejoy, Abel Baker, Peter Farnum, Benjamin Swain, George W. Rogers, James Willey. Reuben Goodwin. Charles Emery, John Colby. TOWN OFFICERS. 359 Fence-viewers, . Hogreeves, Pound-keepers, . Representative, . . Grand Juror, . Petit Jurors, . Carders of Wood, . Culler of Staves, . Auditors of Accounts, Fire-wards, Moderator, Clerk, . IJohn Colby, Peter C. Farnum, Stephen Ambrose, Richard Herbert, Jr. 'Seth Tucker, . Samuel Green, . Nathaniel Bradley, Samuel Currier, Joshua Abbot, Jr., Samuel Butters, Moses EUiot, . Isaac Emerson, James ElUot, . John Bradley, Jr., Chandler Eastman. Jonathan Goodwin. WiUiam Hoit, _ Moses Kimball. !" Joseph Walker, . . James Moulton. Stephen Ambrose. . Capt. Richard Ayer. ( Jonathan Wilkins, | Capt. Peter Robertson. James WiUey, . . . David George, . . . George Hough, . . Isaac Dow, . Isaac Eastman, . „ Josiah Rogers. . ( James Moulton, J James WiUey, . . . ( Joseph Runnels. C Capt. Edmund Leavitt, < Joseph Walker, ( Richard Ayer. . Timothy Chandler, Abel Hutchins, . . Stephen Ambrose, . Paul Rolfe, . . . Abiel Walker. . . Selectmen, . Constables, Collector, .... Constables and Collect'rs, March 12-13, 1811. Richard Ayer. . . John Odlin. ( Nathaniel Abbot, . ) Edmund Leavitt, ( Abiel Walker. . . f Nathan Stickney, } Josiah Rogers, ( Nathaniel Ambrose. Nathan Stickney. ( Thomas W. Thompson, Tythingmen, ¦ \ Arthur R0gers. . Sealerof Wts. and Meas., Timothy Chandler. i Nathaniel G. Bradley, Field-drivers, . < Timothy Bradley, Jr., ( Benjamin KimbaU. Capt. Richard Ayer, Timothy Bradley, Abiel Walker, Timothy Butters, Jeremiah Chandler. WilUam Shute, Benjamin PoweU, Asaph Evans, Daniel Greenleaf, Samuel Kimball, David Davis, John Hoit, James Moulton, WiUiam Garvin, Philbrick Bradley, John H. Durgin. Joseph Walker, James Moulton. Stephen Ambrose. James WUley, George Hough, John West, Jr., John George, Francis N. Fisk, Edmund Leavitt. James Moulton, Joseph Runnels, Richard Wood. Capt. Richard Ayer, Capt. Benja. Emery, Jeremiah Pecker. Timothy Chandler, Josiah Rogers, Abiel Walker, Paul Rolfe, Stephen Ambrose, George W. Rogers. March 9, 1812. WiUiam A. Kent. John Odlin. Nathaniel Abbot, Amos Abbot, Jr., Abiel Walker. Moses Flanders, Moses Ferrin, Richard Bradley, Edmund Leavitt. Thomas Abbot, Moses Abbot, Jr. Timothy Chandler. 360 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Surveyors of Highways, ¦ Fence-viewers, Hogreeves, Surveyors of Lumber, . Pound-keepers, . Representatives, Grand Juror, . Petit Jurors, Carders of Wood, Cullers of Staves, Jonathan Wilkins, James Ayer, Samnel Herbert, James Corliss, . WiUiam Shute, Ezra Hutchins, Abner Farnum, Jr., Joseph Dow, Timothy Carter, Joseph Hoit, Abel Baker, Samuel Davis, . Isaac Farnum, . Charles Eastman, Timothy Bradley, Joseph Potter, . Jonathan Virgin, John Garvin, Benjamin KimbaU, Peter C. Famum, Jeremiah Pecker, William Stickney. Asaph Evans, . Benjamin Damon, David Davis, Moses Ferrin, . James Moulton, William Tay, . Keyes Powell, . John Ballard, . Jeremiah Chandler, Samuel E. Scales, , Timothy Bradley, OUver Hoit. ' James Willey, . . George W. Rogers, Josiah Rogers, . . Edmund Leavitt, . Isaac Dow. . . . ( Joseph Walker, ( James Moulton. . . j Stephen Ambrose, . . [ Thomas W. Thompson. Benjamin Kimball, Jr. ( Richard Ayer,* ¦] William Austin, ( Stephen Ambrose. " Charles Emery, James WiUey, . Isaac Dow, . Josiah Rogers, . Edmund Leavitt. James Moulton, Joseph Runnells, James WUley. . * Excused. Moses Carter, Moses Hall, Ezra Hutchins, Timothy Butters, Abel Hutchins, William Garvin, Orlando Brown. Timothy Carter, Daniel Fisk, Samuel Davis, Ephraim Colby, Samuel Runnels, Marshall Baker, Charles Eastman, Mellon Kimball, Nathaniel Ambrose, Hazen 'Virgin, Benjamin KimbaU, Samuel Trumble, Henry Rolfe, _ Richard Bradley. .'John Thorndike, . Jacob Eastman, . John Ballard. . Samuel WiUey, . Thomas Wilson, Jr., . Benjamin KimbaU, Jr., . Bela Carter, . Keyes Powell, . Orlando Brown, . James Moulton, . Jonathan Abbot, Jr., . Ezra Hoit, . Timothy Bradley. ' Samuel Butters, Jr., George W. Rogers, Abiel Virgin, Nathaniel Bradley, Moses Ferrin, Joseph Runnels, Abel Baker, Jr., Hazen Virgin, Stephen Webster, John Thompson. James Moulton, Joseph Walker. Stephen Ambrose, Tho's W. Thompson. Edmund Leavitt. Joshua Abbot, Jr., John Eastman. John George, Asaph Evans, George Hongh, Isaac Dow, Stephen Ambrose, Abel Houghton. Samuel Butters, Joseph RunneUs, James Moulton, George W. Rogers, Stephen Chase. TOWN OFFICERS. 361 Auditors, ( WiUiam A. Kent, . < Sherburne Wiggin, ( Charles Emery. Fire-wards, Josiah Rogers, . . . Timothy Chandler, George W. Rogers, Benjamin Kimball, Jr., Stephen Ambrose, . Isaac Dow, .... Ezra Hutchins. . . . March 9-10, 1813. Moderator, .... WiUiam Austin Kent. Clerk, John Odlin. . . ( Nathaniel Abbot, Selectmen, . . . . ) John Odlin, . . ( Amos Abbot. ' Josiah Rogers, . Richard Bradley, Constables, Isaac Eastman, . Orlando Brown, Benjamin Abbot, 3d, ( 0. Brown, . . Collectors, . . . . ) J. Eastman, . . ( B. Abbot, 3d. . TyMngmen, . . .{%£*$&• Sealerof Wts. and Meas., Timothy Chandler, ' WilUam Abbot, James HaU, Ezra Hutchins, . Nathan Abbot, 3d, Henry Rolfe, Enoch Brown, . Abel Hutchins, . Orlando Brown, Enoch Hoit, Benjamin KimbaU, Timothy Dow, . Moody Dow, Christopher RoweU Ebenezer Fisk, . Isaac Emerson, . John Garvin, Charles Eastman, Anthony Potter, Nathaniel Ambrose Jacob Hoit, . Samuel KimbaU, Benjamin Kimball. Surveyors of Highways, ¦ Fence-viewers, Pound-keepers, . ( John Thorndike, ) Benjamin Emery, Jr, ( Moses Ferrin. . ( Joseph Walker, ( James Moulton, Enoch Coffin, Charles Walker, Tho's W. Thompson. Josiah Rogers, George W. Rogers, Seth Tucker, Abiel Walker, Peter Robertson, Asaph Evans, Benjamin KimbaU, Jr., Chandler Eastman. Jeremiah Pecker, Isaac Dow, Orlando Brown, Ezra Hutchins, Daniel Clark. March 8, 1814. Thos. W. Thompson. John Odlin. Nathaniel Abbot, Nathaniel Ambrose, Nathan Stickney. Timothy Bradley, Benjamin Emery, Bela Carter, Joshua Abbot, Jr., Orlando Brown. T. Bradley, B. Emery, B. Carter. Nathan Ballard, Jr., George W. Rogers. Timothy Chandler. Isaac Shute, Josiah Rogers, Benjamin Wheeler, Richard Trow, Ezra Hutchins, Jere'h Pecker, Reuben Goodwin, Hosea Virgin, Abiel Eastman, Nathaniel Abbot, Moses Harriman, Nathan Abbot, Jonathan Elliot, Joseph Knowles, Samuel Abbot, Benjamin KimbaU. John Thompson, Samuel Davis, Joseph Ruunells, James Hoit, Isaac Farnum. Ephraim Carter, John Thorndike, Chandler Eastman, Samuel Bradley, Abiel Walker. Abiel Walker, Charles Eastman 362 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Hogreeves, Surveyors of Lumber, Representatives, Grand Jurors, . Petit Jurors, . Carders of Wood, . Cutters of Staves, . Auditors, | . Fire-wards, . Timothy Butters, . . Moses Hall, ¦ ¦ . Levi Abbot, Moses Shute, Daniel Coolidge, . Benjamin Emery, . . Francis N. Fisk, . . John Flanders, . . . Abel Baker, . . . Reuben Johnson, . Jonathan Runnells, Benjamin ElUot, Benjamin KimbaU, 3d, James Moulton, Robert Adams, Isaac Virgin, Hazen Virgin, Eben'r Lovejoy, Dudley Ladd. Josiah Rogers, . George W. Rogers, Chandler Eastman, Moses Ferrin, . Abiel Virgin, . Stephen Webster, Samuel Davis, . Abel Baker, Jr., Samuel Butters, Benjamin Swain, { John Lovejoy. . { Stephen Ambrose, \ Thomas W. Thompson, James WiUey, . John George, . Stephen Ambrose, O. Brown, . . Samnel Bradley, Abel Houghton. James Moulton, Stephen Chase, Samnel Butters, Joshua Abbot, Jr , Joseph RunneUs. Timothy Chandler, John Thorndike, Seth Tucker. . Josiah Rogers, . James Willey, . Timothy Chandler, Seth Tucker, . George W. Rogers, Benjamin KimbaU, Jr., Abiel Walker, . Orlando Brown, Isaac Dow, . Stephen Ambrose, Jeremiah Pecker, Ezra Hutchins. . James Willey, Isaac Hill, James Buswell, Charles Eastman, Chandler Lovejoy, Asa Graham, Thomas Potter, Timothy Abbot, Jr., Joseph Runnells, Jedediah Hoit, Robert Knowlton, Richard Trow, Isaac Colby, Bowen Crehore. Abiel Virgin, Nathaniel G. Bradley, Joseph Dow, Moses Bullen, Stephen Webster, Robert Davis, Jr., Nathan Abbot, 3d, John Lovejoy, Benjamin Swain, Moses Ferrin, Abel Baker, Bowen Crehore. Thos. W. Thompson, Richard Ayer. Enoch Coffin, Abiel Walker, WiUiam Low. Nathaniel Abbot, B. Hazeltine, F. N. Fisk, Asaph Evans. Daniel Cooledge, George W. Rogers, Isaac Dow, John George, Stephen Ambrose, Edmund Leavitt, Asaph Evans. Joseph RunneUs, Stephen Chase, Samuel Butters, Samuel Bradley, Moses Ferrin. WiUiam A. Kent. Stephen Ambrose, Timothy Chandler. Abiel Walker, George W. Rogers, Josiah Rogers, James HaU, Isaac Dow, Nathan Stickney, Jeremiah Pecker, Timothy Chandler, Isaac Shute, Orlando Brown, Stephen Ambrose, Pearl KimbaU. CHAPTER XIII. HISTORY OF CONCORD FROM 1815 TO 1825. At the annual meeting in March, 1815, the town voted " That the intermission be one hour through the year, except Commun ion day, and on those days one hour and a half." On the 23d of September a violent gale swept over this town, and indeed over the greater part of New-England, which did immense damage to buildings, fences, and especially to wood-lands. Hence at a meeting January 1, 1816, Richard Bradley, one of the selectmen, was appointed " agent in behalf of the town, to dispose of the wood and timber blown down on the eighty acre lot belonging to the parsonage, and that the net proceeds of the sale be given to the Rev. Asa McFarland." Mr. Bradley was also appointed agent to sell the wood and timber at the Rocky Pond, so called, that is now blown down on the land belonging to the town, and all the wood and timber blown down on any other lands owned by the town. Abiel Walker was appomted " assist ant agent " for the same purpose. 1816. This year the building of the State House was begun. A spirited competition arose between the North and South End, as to where the house should be located. The North End inhabit ants were in favor of the location where the old town-house stands, or further west, on land owned by the late William Stick ney. At the annual meeting, March 12th, it was voted, " That 364 HISTORY OF CONCORD. the town-house may be removed, if the Legislature should want to make use of the land for a State House, on which said house stands." The conditions on which the State House might be located in Concord, as proposed by the Legislature, were, " That said town of Concord, or inhabitants of said town, shall convey to the State of New-Hampshire a suitable piece of ground on which to erect said State House, to the acceptance of his Excellency the Gov ernor and Honorable Council aforesaid — shall level and well prepare said piece of ground, to the acceptance of the committee to superintend the building aforesaid — shall also give all the stone necessary to be used in the erection of said building, and shall convey or have conveyed said stone, under the direction of said committee, to the place or plot of ground upon which said State House shall be erected ; which condition shall be perform ed free of any charge or expense to the State." The inhabitants of the South End were in favor of the loca tion at or near where the State House now stands. Especially interested and active in securing their object were the late Col. William A. Kent, Gov. Isaac Hill, and William Low. In exam ining the two locations it appears that a committee of the Legis lature had reported favorably of that on Stickney's land, but the decision of the question was left with the Governor and Council. In order to fulfil the conditions, subscriptions were started at both the North and South End ; the latter soon amounted to about four thousand dollars ; and tradition says, that in the mean time the most urgent and favorable considerations were presented to Governor William Plumer by those in the South End interest. The Governor had formerly boarded at the North End, with Fran cis N. Fisk, Esq., but this year he boarded with Mr. Hill, and both personal and political considerations were brought to bear on the question. The arguments for and against the respective locations in dispute were : That Stickney's land was dry, elevated and airy ; a building erected thereon could be seen far and wide ; it was near the Town House, where the Legislature had been accustomed to meet, and had been recommended by a committee of that body. The other location was said to be more central, and less difficult of access : to which it was objected that it was ERECTION OF THE STATE HOUSE. 365 low and wet, and contemptuously it was called a "frog-pond," out of which a member facetiously remarked, " that the frogs would peep up, and with their croakings interrupt the debates of the House !" — That the expense of laying a foundation in such a spot would swell the cost far beyond the estimate ; and, in fact, that the people at the South End had no just claim whatever. to put in, in opposition to the location on Stickney's land. Tra dition further says, that the Governor and Council were as much divided in their opinions on the subject as the people of the respective sections. Two of the Council, Gen. Benjamin Pierce and Samuel Quarles, boarded with the late John George, and were decidedly in favor of the Stickney location — indeed, a majority of the Council wero in favor of the latter spot. A day was fixed on to decide the question ; — but, it happened, that just at that juncture one member of the Council, who was in favor of the north end location, was called away on special business, and before his return the Governor called the Council together, and decided the question in favor of the South End. Thus saith tradition. The lot on which the State House is erected, containing about two acres, formerly belonged to the estate of Peter Green, Esq. On the north-east part of it stood the house of Capt. Peter Rob ertson, which house was sold to Mr. William Kent, and moved to Pleasant street, where it still stands. The entire lot waa pur chased and presented to the State, agreeably to the conditions specified. Mr. Stuart J. Park* was chief architect, assisted by Mr. Levi Brigham.t Messrs. Albe Cady, William Low and Jeremiah Pecker, of Concord, were the superintending building committee. * Stuart J. Par*. The parents of Mr. Park were natives of Scotland, and came to this country in 1757. His father waa a stone mason, and the first here who practiced splitting stone with a wedge. Mr. Park possessed unusual mechanical genius. He was the overeeer or contractor of the following structures: overseer in the work of building a jail in Portland, 1798 ; overseer of jail at Northampton, Mass., 1801 ; contractor State Prison at Charlestown, 1803; overseer upon prison at Windsor, 1808; contractor State Prison in Concord, 1810 ; Middlesex Locks and Canal, 1813 ; overseer State House in Concord, 1816 , overseer jail at Dover, 1818 ; overseer Boston Mill Dam, 1820 ; overseer Dry Dock, Charlestown, 1825 ; over seer Lowell Railroad, 1835. Since that time he has resided upon his farm in Groton, Mass., one of the best in Massachusetts, and is eighty-two years of age. He visited Concord in March, 1854, and was then enjoying fine health and a green old age. He is still living. t Mr. Brigham was from Boston. He married Ann, daughter of Capt. Richard Ayer. 366 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Convicts of the State prison were employed to hammer the stone. On Tuesday, September 24, 1816, the corner stone was laid. The building was completed and the Legislature first convened in it, in June, 1819. The expense of building the house, including the fences and the furniture of the house, amounted to nearly eighty-two thou sand dollars." At a meeting November 4, 1816, it was voted, that in future the ballot for Representatives be brought in on the same ticket for State and County officers. 1818. At the annual meeting in March the selectmen were author ized to purchase two hearses ; one hundred dollars were raised for purchasmg a fire engine and other necessary apparatus there for, and a quantity of hose to the amount of forty dollars. The selectmen were also authorized " to sell any part of Timothy Abbot's land, or the whole, as they may think best, and pay his debts."f SCHOOL COMMnTEE. Heretofore Dr. McFarland, ex officio, had performed the ser vice of visiting and inspecting the schools of the town, examin ing teachers, &c. ; but this year, March 11th, for the first time, a committee was appointed to visit the schools, viz. : Thomas W. Thompson, Dr. McFarland, Capt. Richard Ayer, William A. Kent, George Hough, Abiel Rolfe, Stephen Ambrose, Thomas Chadbourne, Moses Long, Richard Bradley, Samuel A. Kimball, and Samuel Fletcher. It was also voted, " That the committee in each school district make out a list of all the children in their respective districts, * For description of the State House see Miscellaneous Chapter. X Timothy Abbot was a son of Edward Abbot, 2d. His land lay north of Centre street and extended back to Sand Hill. On account of irregular habits he was placed under guardi anship. His property was conveyed to the town, which became obliged to support him. He died in 1820, leaving a [second] wife, Lydia. By virtue of her interest in her husband's estate, she received support from the town in her old age. She boarded for several years at Mr. Jacob Hoyt's ; then at Simon Virgin's. In her latter years she fell and broke ber thigh, and hence became very infirm and helpless. Finally she was boarded at Mr. Ebenezer East man's, in the East Village, where she died, May 25, 1853, aged eighty-five. RESTRICTIONS ON INTEMPERANCE. 367, from the age of four years to twenty-one, and return the same to the selectmen in the month of April in each year, under oath if required." TEMPERANCE. Voted, " That it shall be the duty of the selectmen to prose cute all persons in the town of Concord who shall, within knowl edge or from satisfactory information, retail spirit contrary to law, except on public days." The selectmen were also directed to prosecute any person or persons who had trespassed or who shall hereafter trespass on any of the lands belonging to the town ; and " to confer with the directors of Federal and of Concord bridges with respect to the compensation they will require, to permit the inhabitants on the east side of the river to pass and repass to attend public worship ; and likewise to attend town-meetings by the year." The imme diate occasion of this vote was a vote passed by the directors of Federal bridge, September 2, 1817, requiring " all persons cross ing Federal bridge, going to or returning from public worship on Sabbath days, (excepting foot-passengers,) to pay toll," which vote was reconsidered September 24, 1817. Great difficulty was experienced in obtaining a road from West Parish village to Horse Hill bridge, on account of conflict ing opinions as to the best route ; hence, at a meeting of the town December 21st, it was voted, " That a committee of three from some adjoining town or towns be requested by the selectmen to assist them in laying out a road from Horse Hill bridge to Orlando Brown's in such way as shall best accommodate the public." Andrew Bowers, Capt. Stone and Dea. Pettengill [of Salisbury] were chosen for the purpose. 1819. On the 10th of March, voted, " That in future it shall be the duty of the selectmen and auditors of accounts to report at each annual meeting such sum or sums of money as will, in their opinion, be necessary to defray the expenses of the town the ensuing year; and that they specify each object of expense, together with the sum they judge necessary to meet it." This rule 368 HISTORY OF CONCORD. has been found highly useful, and been generally acted on since its first adoption. Thomas W. Thompson, Samuel Sparhawk, Stephen Ambrose, Isaac Hill, Samuel A. Kimball, Timothy Carter and Nathan Bal lard, jr., were appointed a committee to report at the next town meeting " the most eligible mode they can devise for supporting the poor in future." LANCASTERIAN SCHOOL. Voted, " to admit the south end of the Town House, called the Senate Chamber, to be prepared and occupied by a Lancasterian school, provided the town be at no expense." This kind of school derived its name from a philanthropic gentleman in England, by the name of Lancaster ; the school was designed for a large number oL scholars of every age, to be conducted on the plan of monitorial instruction : that is, at the head of each class was a monitor, who was the teacher of the class, under the supervision and direction of the Principal. Cards were generally used in stead of school-books, and the exercises consisted much in repeat ing lessons, after the monitor. The schools had a short-lived popularity in different parts of the country. COWS AND SHEEP. Voted, " That whereas the inhabitants of Concord and trav elers with teams and loaded sleighs are frequently annoyed by cows and sheep running at large ; — therefore, that hereafter no cow or sheep shall be permitted to run at large in the Main street between Carr's inn and Richard Bradley's dwelling-house, or within half a mile to the west of Main street, after the first day of November, 1819, till the first day of April, 1820." Isaac Eastman and James Hoit were appointed by the town, to take legal measures to ascertain the names of those persons who have injured or damnified the seats, candlesticks, &c, belonging to the Town House, and report their names ; and that they, the said Eastman and Hoit, prosecute the same. September 2d, Richard Bradley was appomted " an agent to settle or defend the suit commenced against the town of Concord by Ephraim Farnum, jr." This suit was to recover from the TOWN REGULATIONS. 369 town the value of a horse belonging to Mr. Farnum, hired to Col. William Kent to go to Boston, and which horse, with a chaise, run off a bridge just north of the house of the late Dea. Wilkins, in the time of a high freshet, and was drowned. Mr. Farnum failed to recover. 1820. At the annual meeting this year the town voted to pay five dollars " as a premium to the engine which may arrive at a fire first, and that the same be awarded by direction of the fire- wards." On the sixth of April the selectmen were directed to lease to the 11th school district, for such a length of time and on such terms as they may think proper, so much of the Parsonage lot near the house of David George as will be needed by said district for the purpose of building a school-house — provided the Rev. Dr. McFarland, or those who may claim a right to said lot under him, shall give his or their consent." The selectmen were also authorized to purchase or build a house or houses suffi cient for the safe-keeping of the hearse or hearses which belong to the town. On the 4th of January, 1821, the selectmen were authorized to agree with the selectmen of Boscawen to repair or rebuild the bridge across Contoocook river, near John Chandler's, in the same place it now is, and that the town of Concord pay half the expense. 1821. At the annual meeting in March, 1821, upon recommendation of a committee previously appointed, consisting of Samuel Spar- hawk, Charles Walker and William A. Kent, the town voted to provide a book " for the purpose of entering therein all returns of roads,"* and whatever else relative to that particular subject : also a book in which an account should be opened with every pauper maintained wholly or in part by the town ; and an invoice and tax-book, so ruled and arranged that " any one who wishes may see at one view both the amount of his taxes and the prop- * See Doc. for Chap. XIII., No. 1, " Return of Roads." 24 370 HISTORY OF CONCORD. erty on which his taxes are assessed." It is to be regretted that the second recommendation above was never carried out. 1822-3. A NEW COUNTY. The question of forming a new county — to be called Merri mack County — was acted on by the town at the annual meet ing in March. Yeas, 522 — nays, 6. The selectmen were directed to petition the General Court " so to alter and establish the line between Concord and Boscawen, that said line may strike the centre of Contoocook river at the place fixed upon to build a new bridge across said river." The committee for visiting schools recommended in their annu al report, " that a sum not less than three per cent, of the mon ies raised for the support of schools, be appropriated by the town and placed at the disposal of the committee — to be expended in premiums, in part, to school-masters" who shall have distin guished themselves for their ability and success in instruction and government ; — " and the residue in useful books, to be given as rewards of merit to those scholars who shall have made the greatest improvement in their studies." The recommendation was adopted. A new county being constituted, Concord became the shire town, and hence, for the accommodation of the courts, it became necessary to make alterations and improvements in the old town house. September 16th it was voted, " That the town so far comply with the act of the Legislature of June session, 1822, as to remove the town house back, turn it end to the road, raise it one story, and complete it to the acceptance of the Justices of the Superior Court, — provided Mr. Stickney will give the land which may be necessary for this purpose ; and provided, also, that one third of the expense of removal and repairing said house be defrayed by individual subscription." Jeremiah Pecker, Robert Davis, 3d, and Joseph Low, were appointed superintend ents, and eight hundred dollars appropriated towards defraying the expense of removing and repairing the building, agreeably to the foregoing vote. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 371 The school committee reported that about one thousand chil dren and youth, or one third of the whole population of the town, attended school during the winter; and that one half of them studied English Grammar, Arithmetic and Geography. Add the little children who attend only in summer, and nearly one half of the population are actually receiving their education " at these domestic institutions." Jacob B. Moore made proposals to the town to publish " a history of the town," which he had prepared, to contain, with an appendix, about one hundred and fifty pages; whereupon the town voted, " to take a sufficient number of copies of said history to furnish each family in the town with one copy." The work was published in 1824, entitled " Annals of the Town of Concord." — pp. 112. 1824. This year tho selectmen were authorized to straighten " Centre street," and " to lease or otherwise dispose of the land given to the town by Deacon Joseph Hall, deceased." It was voted to give the proprietors of Federal Bridge twenty-five dollars per annum as a compensation for the privilege, to the inhabitants of the town, of passing toll free on Sabbath days, when going to and from public worship. At a meeting November 1st the select men were authorized to purchase that part of the New-Hampshire Turnpike (including the Branch) which lies in Concord ; to pay a sum not exceeding five hundred dollars for the same.* MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES RELATIVE TO THIS PERIOD. The first boat, with regular freight, from Boston to Concord, through the Middlesex canal, arrived at Concord June 23, 1815.f * The New-Hampshire Turnpike was the road from Federal Bridge through to Chichester, Epsom, Northwood, on to Portsmouth — and the " Branch " run from Concord bridge north east till it met the Turnpike near the late Philip Stevens's. f See " Boating Company," in Miscellaneous Chapter. 372 HISTORY OF CONCORD. The summer of 1816 was remarkable in Concord and through out New-England for the severity of the cold. It is said that there were frosts every month in the season, from April to No vember. Corn, rye and other crops were almost entirely de stroyed. Apples and other fruits were likewise cut off. In con sequence, the price of provisions was unusually high, and the poor suffered from scarcity. The lot where the brick school-house no.w stands, in district number eleven, was the Parsonage house lot, which Dr. McFar land had liberty to improve during his ministry. Some years after his settlement he leased it to Benjamin Kimball, jr., hatter, at the north end of Main street. Mr. Kimball moved his shop on the lot — agreeing to pay Dr. McFarland one bushel and a half of white beans annually. In the cold summer of 1816 white beans were a scarce article, and the quantity due could not be had. Mr. Kimball gathered from various sources two bushels or more of beans, " ring-streaked and speckled," and of all col ors, and carried fhem to Dr. McF. for payment. The Doctor observed, " You have brought me more than a bushel and a half." " Not of white ones," said Mr. Kimball, " and the rest I'll throw in." £1817.] Mr. Benjamin Thompson was drowned in Turkey Pond, June 20th, by the upsetting of a boat, in a squall of wind. He was in company with Lieut. B. Kimball. The former attempted to swim to the shore, and was drowned ; the latter, who could not swim, clung to the boat, and was saved. On the 18th of July President Monroe, on his tour through New-England, visited Concord. He was met on the borders of the town (on his way from Dover,) about three o'clock, P. M., by a committee of the citizens, consisting of the selectmen and Thomas W. Thompson, Samuel Sparhawk, William A. Kent, Charles Walker, Jonathan Eastman, Stephen Ambrose and Abiel Walker, Esqs., and under escort of Capt. Abbot's company of cavalry and citizens of Concord, proceeded by the Branch turn pike to Concord bridge. His approach was announced by Capt. Samuel Herbert's company of artillery, which saluted him from Butters's Hill, as he passed the bridge and through the Main INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 373 street. Arrived near Barker's tavern, he was received by Capt. Long's excellent company of light infantry, and saluted by that and a company of citizens consisting of several hundreds. After a few moments' rest, he ascended a stage erected for the occa sion, three sides of which were covered by the three escort com panies, with presented arms — where he was met by the cheers and huzzas of the surrounding multitude. Here the Hon. Thomas W. Thompson made an address to the President, welcoming him, in the name of his fellow citizens, to the town. To which the President responded. A sumptuous dinner was partaken of at Mr. Barker's, after which the President gave as a toast — " The town of Concord — May its inhabitants continue to flourish and prosper." In the evening he attended a musical concert at the meeting-house, which was tastefully decorated for the occasion. On Saturday he received calls from individuals, among whom was the vener able Judge Walker, eighty years of age. After dining with Mr. Thompson he took an excursion down the river as far as Garvin's Falls in the newly launched pleasure boat ; the Presi dent, with a select company of ladies and gentlemen — returning by land in carriages. He passed the evening with an invited party at Col. William A. Kent's ; attended public worship in the morning of the Sabbath at the Old North Church, and left town on Monday morning, highly gratified with his visit to the Capital of the Granite State. Died in this, town, at the residence of her grandson, Richard Bradley, August 10, 1817, the widow Mart Calfe, aged nine ty-eight, being the oldest person in town. She first married Samuel Bradley, who was killed by the Indians August 11, 1746, and was the mother of the late Hon. John Bradley. She after wards married Richard Calfe, Esq., of Chester. About six years before her death she was disabled by a fall, and was con fined ever after to her bed. She retained her faculties in a re markable degree to the last. In her youthful days she had stud ied the Scriptures, and when strength and sight failed her, not only its doctrines but its very language were familiar to her — which she would repeat, to the comfort and satisfaction of her friends. She placed a firm reliance on the merits of her Saviour, 374 HISTORY OF CONCORD. and died in sweet peace and hope of rest in the kingdom of God. Miss Abigail Kimball, aged sixty, who had been an attendant and nurse of Mrs. Calfe for about thirty years, died on the 4th of August — and Mrs. Hannah Bradley, widow of the Hon. John Bradley, aged sixty-six, died in the same house on the 15th of August. Their united ages made two hundred and fourteen years. Mrs. Bradley was a woman of uncommon excellence and usefulness in all the relations of life. The disease of which she died was dysentery. Drowned in this town, Sabbath morning, August 17 j 1817, Ebenezer Chickering, in the nineteenth year of his age — a youth of much promise. In his anxiety to become a swimmer, and unbeknown to the family where he lived, early on Sunday morning, with two other youths, he went to the river, and ven turing in deep water, where he was unable to manage himself, he was carried down the stream. The body of young Chickering was found several days after, floating on the surface of the river, about two miles below the place where he was drowned. A smart shock of an earthquake was felt in this town on Sun day, October 5, 1817, about twenty minutes before twelve o'clock. It was of one or two minutes duration, apparently in a direction from south-west to north-east. On Tuesday, November 25th, a large three story dwelling- house, chiefly owned by Mr. Abel Hutchins, and occupied by him and Mr. Albe Cady, was consumed by fire. The fire burst out of the roof about one o'clock, P. M. — probably communi cated from a stove in the third story. A considerable portion of the furniture was saved. Loss estimated at about three thousand dollars. The house stood on the spot where the Phoenix Hotel now stands. The fire was prevented from extending to adjacent buildings, by the energetic efforts not only of men but of the fair sex, who were busy in furnishing carpets, coverlets and blankets to cover the exposed buildings, assisting also to bring water, forming lines for the engine, and in clearing adjacent buildings. Burning flakes fell among combustibles under a large barn full of hay, but were accidentally discovered and extinguished by INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 375 Gen. Isaac Eastman and Capt. Philip Watson, who were carry ing a tub of water, by a circuitous route, for the engine. To this circumstance the preservation of the adjacent buildings is mainly ascribed. MAD DOG. A large dog, from every appearance mad, was killed in this town on Friday, November 28th. The day before from twenty to thirty dogs were bitten by him on Concord street. [1818.] " Portsmouth and Concord Wagon Company " was formed at the beginning of the year 1818, " for the transporta tion of merchandize " between the two places. Wagons to leave Portsmouth every Monday for Concord, and pass over the Turn pike through the towns of Durham and Northwood ; returning, leave Concord every Thursday, and arrive in Portsmouth on Saturday. From the 2d to the 10th of April continued rain and snow fell, without the appearance of the sun. Stages from the north and south arrived on runners, on the 6th and 10th of April. FIRE ENGINE. An additional fire engine was purchased by the inhabitants of this town in April, 1818. It was a new invention, by Mr. S. F. B. Morse, the celebrated painter (and inventor of the electric telegraph) and was procured for about half the usual expense of other engines — say one hundred and fifty to two hundred dol lars.* On Tuesday, May 5th, waa an unusual freshet. The intervale was covered with water, and the river extended from its usual channel to from one to two miles. Bridges in town were impass able for a number of days. No spring freshet is recollected to have been so high. The bridge between Boscawen and Canter bury was carried away. The raising of the Eagle which crowns the spire of the State House took place on Saturday, July 18, 1818, with appropriate ceremonies. At two o'clock, P. M., a procession was formed * Patriot, April 14, 1818. 376 HISTORY OF CONCORD. in front of the State House, under the direction of Major Rob ertson ; proceeded down State street and back, entered the State House, where a handsome extemporaneous address was delivered by Philip Carrigahst, Esq. Refreshments were plentifuDy dis tributed ; toasts were drank amid loud cheers and the firing of artillery, the Concord Band, at intervals, playing appropriate airs. The thirteenth toast was — " The American Eagle, — May the shadow of his wings protect every acre of our united Continent, and the lightning of his eye flash terror and defeat through the ranks of our enemies." A Sunday School was established in the West Parish village in Concord, on the first Sunday in June — consisting of about fifty scholars. During the months of June and July they com mitted thirteen thousand six hundred and forty-six verses of Scripture and answers in the Catechism. In the month of August forty-five scholars attended, and committed twelve thou sand six hundred and six verses and answers. On Thursday, November 12th, a newly discharged convict from the State Prison, by the name of Royal Allen — a mulatto — entered the new State House and stole the keys of most of the doors, (fifteen in number.) He was soon arrested, and be sides the keys he was found to have stolen twenty-six dollars in money the same day. The Phoenix Hotel was opened as " a house of entertain ment," by Mr. Abel Hutchins, the first of January, 1819. Mr. David Carter, of Concord, aged about fifty-five, dropped dead while driving his team.* Mr. Henry Moulton, aged eighty-five, fell dead from his arm chair.! The citizens of Concord have for two weeks past been much gratified with the appearance for the first time of a steamboat in our river. A good portion of the ladies and gentlemen in town availed themselves of the very polite invitation of the proprietors to take pleasure rides up and down the river, for two or three miles.J This boat was owned by John L. Sullivan, Esq., superintend ent of the Concord Boating Company, and was intended to tow loaded boats up and down the Merrimack river. * Patriot, January 12, 1819. t^., May 25, iei9. {/J., June 22, 1819. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 377 Tuesdays, November 2d and 9th, 1819, were remarkably dark days. Candles were found necessary near the middle of each day. On the 9th, domestic fowls retired as if it was sundown, soon after two, P. M. It seemed almost as dark as at the time of the great eclipse in 1806. [1820.] January 4.* On Wednesday evening last a splen did ball was given in this town, in honor of the gallant Col. Mc Neil, of the United States army. The party was very numer ous and respectable. On entering the hall Col. McNeil was announced and introduced by the managers, and was received by the ladies as well as gentlemen by a manifestation of the glow of beauty and the fervor and animation of patriotism. Among the strangers who attended were Gen. Benjamin Pierce and lady, and their daughter, Mrs. McNeil. Christmas was celebrated in this town by the Episcopal soci ety. The Town Hall (their place of meeting,) was fancifully decorated with evergreen. An excellent discourse was given by the Rev. Addison Searle, who at present officiates alternately in this town, in Hopkinton and Bradford. On Thursday morning, the last day but one of the year 1819, previous to a serious storm of wind and snow, the thermometer stood in this town at eight degrees below zero, and during the storm it did not exceed ten degrees above. April 25. Notwithstanding the high grounds in this vicinity are covered, and the snow remains two or three feet deep in our forests, the thermometer stood in the shade, on Tuesday and Thursday last, at eighty-four, in this town. May 16. Nearly seventy tons of goods were sent to the landing, in Boston, of the Union Boating Company, the first week of business on the river. May 30. Last Friday the fields in our vicinity exhibited the novel spectacle at this season of a mantle of snow, extending as far as the eye could reach. The storm was from the north east, and cold. » Most of the articles which follow with the prefixed dates, were taken from the news papers of the day. 378 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Died in this town, June 13th, a child of Mr. Runnells, aged two years, in consequence of eating dirt the day before. From the 1st of July, 1819, and the 7th of June, 1820, six thousand eight hundred and seventy-two persons visited the State House, and were shown its apartments. The General Assembly of the Grand Lodge of New-Hampshire convened on Wednesday, the 14th of June. Officers for the en suing year were appointed, and on the second day of the session a grand procession was formed, and religious services performed in tho meeting-house. Sermon by Rev. Thomas Beede, G. Sec, from Numbers xv. : 38, 39. July 4. The fare from this place to Boston, by stage, a dis tance of sixty miles, is reduced to one dollar. This was the effect of competition between two lines of stages. August 15. A meteor was seen on the evening of Friday, August 4th, in this town, at about twenty minutes before eleven o'clock. A bright flash was observed, followed by a luminous meteor, rising from the western horizon thirty degrees or more towards the zenith, lasting about two minutes. The celebrated traveling preacher, Lorenzo Dow, preached in town on Sunday and Monday, the last of July. August 22. That part of vegetation which the drought and grasshoppers had left, was revivified by a gentle rain on Thursday last ; not indeed until the crops of corn and potatoes on the higher grounds had been almost entirely cut off. September 5. Died in this town Mr. Abel Merrill, in his seventy-third year. He went to bed apparently well, and before midnight was a corpse. September 12. The Merrimack river was never known to be lower than at present. The boats can ascend no farther than Hooksett. CARD OF THANKS. The Youth's Christian Knowledge Society in Bradford, New- Hampshire, acknowledge the reception of seventy volumes of books, from Concord and other places, all by the hand of the INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 379 Rev. Ezekiel Rich, to constitute for them a library, for which they render most cordial thanks to the benevolent donors. By order of the Society, Bradford, September 1, 1820. SarAH BliSS> Librarian- October 24. On Tuesday last the water of the Merrimack covered the intervale to a higher extent than has been known for twenty years. The river had been unusually low, but rain com menced on the evening of the fourteenth, and continued to the evening of the sixteenth. The water rose perhaps fifteen feet in twenty-four hours. November 21. Intense cold succeeded the late snow storm, and several boats, fully laden, were frozen up in the river. [1821.] January 15. The Episcopalians of this town have finished a building, centrally located, as a chapel. It is fifty-five feet by thirty, affording a commodious place of worship. This building was located on the spot where the American House stands. April 16. The Concord Female Academy and Boarding School commenced April first, with fifty scholars. June 11. A panorama of victories on Lake Champlain and at Plattsburgh, comprising three distinct views, was exhibited at the Town Hall the second week in June. July 9. The forty-fifth anniversary of our National Indepen dence was celebrated by companies on each side of the Merri mack, in a most agreeable and appropriate manner. [1822.] January 14. Thermometer on Friday morning last, at sunrise, stood twenty-four degrees below zero. February 18. Died, Eveline, daughter of Mr. Caleb Camp bell, aged three years — scalded by falling into a tub of hot water. March 9. On Saturday evening, about ten o'clock, a most brilliant meteor, in size nearly as large as the moon, fol lowed by a long and dazzling train, was observed passing from north-east to the west with incredible swiftness. Though the moon was in high meridian, the illumination of the meteor ap- 380 HISTORY OF CONCORD. peared to persons sitting in their houses like continuous flashes of lightning.' June 24. The visit of Capt. Partridge and his cadets has afforded great satisfaction, both to our citizens and strangers. Capt. Partridge lectured on the battle of Waterloo, on Monday evening. Tuesday the young ladies of Mr. Blake's school pre sented a standard to the cadets, with appropriate addresses, and in the evening Capt. P. again lectured, by request, on the im provement of the militia. July 15. During the thunder storm on Thursday, hail fell in the back part of this town of a sufficient size to break glass and cut down the corn. September 16. The Rev. Mr. Truair, pastor of the Marin er's Church, New- York, delivered a sermon in behalf of sea men, in Rev. Dr. McFarland's meeting-house on Friday evening. At the close, a collection, amounting to fifteen dollars, was made for the benefit of the church for seamen, lately erected in New- York. In the garden of John George, Esq., of this town, a radish was raised weighing three pounds and one half an ounce, and measuring thirteen inches and three-quarters in circumference. This radish was the growth of a second crop — the seed being planted in the latter part of June, and the tops weighed nineteen pounds. [1823.] January 13. On Friday the Londonderry Expe dition Line came into town from Boston at half past three, P. M., having passed sixty-three miles, including stops to dine, exchange the mail and horses, in eight hours. January 20. Died, Mrs. Rebecca, wife of Dr. Moses Long, aged thirty- six years. The death of Mrs. Long resulted from poison of white lead, accidentally mixed in the sugar iised by the family. July 4. A company of citizens repaired to the grove opposite Kimball's Island, listened to the reading of the De claration of Independence and to a short but pertinent address from Col. Richard Bartlett. After an excellent dinner, toasts were drank and several original and selected songs sung. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 381 . A child of Robert Davis, 2d, of this town, was killed in 1823, by being thrown, with its mother, from a chaise, in Epsom. September 29. A swarm of bees, taken up by Richard Bradley, Esq., in this town, last week, yielded, in weight of honey and comb, one hundred and sixty-five pounds. •. November 10. On Saturday, first instant, a transient person, named Joseph Lusty, a native of England, sixty-eight years of age, called at Mr. Gale's tavern early in the evening, bespoke and paid for lodgings. Being intoxicated he was refused spirit, and in a rage received back his money and left the house. The evening being very dark, after the Boston 3tage passed an outcry was heard, and he was found with the bones and flesh of his left leg crushed almost to a jelly, from both wheels having passed over it. Surgical aid was called, and Mr. Gale kindly received him at his house, where every attention has been be stowed ; and there is a prospect of his recovery without amputa tion of the limb. December 15. Priscilla Hunt, an esteemed minister of the society of Friends, attended a meeting at the Union school- house in Concord, on the evening of the third of December. [1824.] May 28. On Tuesday morning, the 18th instant, at nine o'clock, the corner stone was laid for the new brick meeting house now building in this town by the First Calvinistic Baptist Society of Concord. The ceremony wa3 introduced by singing the one hundred and twenty-seventh psalm, read by Dr. McFar land, after which a short and appropriate address was delivered by the Rev. William Taylor — who then, assisted by Rev. Dr. McFarland, cordially invited to join in the ceremony, deposited the corner stone in the place assigned for it. Mr. Taylor then, standing on the stone, addressed a pathetic prayer to the Most High God, for a blessing on the great undertaking. The whole was concluded by singing the eighty-fourth psalm. The house is located on the east side of State street, on land presented to the society by the Hon. William A. Kent, about forty rods south of the State House. June 5. Tho Election Sermon, by Rev. Dr. Tyler, Presi- 382 HISTORY OF CONCORD. dent of Dartmouth College, was eminently worthy of the sta tion which he occupies ; a fine display of sound practical mo rality, as applicable to the citizens of a State, both in their indi vidual and collective capacity — embellished by the graces of a chaste and finished composition, and enforced by a manly and energetic delivery. In this town, May 25th, Mrs. Abigail Hoit died, aged eighty- seven, widow of Mr. John Hoit. Her descendants were thirteen children, eighty-two grand-children, one hundred and five great- grand-children, and five of the fifth generation. A public dinner was given at the Columbian Hotel, to Gov. Miller, of the Arkansas Territory, on the fourth of June — Gen. Benjamin Pierce presiding. The forty-eighth anniversary of American Independence was celebrated on Monday, the fifth of July. The procession march ed to the meeting-house and listened to religious services and an oration by Philip Carrigain, Esq., which did equal credit to the head and heart of its author ; then proceeded to the area of the State House, where some three hundred partook of a sump tuous entertainment, prepared by Mr. A. Hutchins. An original song by George Kent, Esq., and an ode by Jacob B. Moore, Esq., were sung, and many prepared and volunteer toasts drank, accompanied by the discharge of cannon, and music from the band. July 24. About six o'clock, on Monday afternoon last, this town was visited by an unusually severe thunder storm. While the cloud from the northward was passing over our village, the lightning struck the brick meeting-house, and did considerable injury to the frame of the tower, raised a few days since, and not enclosed. The timbers of the tower were split and doors and window-frames injured, but no damage was done to the brick or stone work. Two young men on the ground floor were knocked down but not materially injured. Rev. Joshua Abbot died at Norfolk, Virginia, September 22, 1824. He was interred in the grave-yard of the Baptist society in Portsmouth, a small town separated from Norfolk by Elizabeth river. Two neatly executed white marble slabs mark INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 383 the spot where rest the remains of this devoted servant of Christ. The inscription is as follows : " Sacred to the memory of the Rev. Joshua Abbot, who departed this life September 28, 1824, aged 45* yeafs. "He died in Jesus and is blest, How sweet his slumbers are : From sufferings, from sins released, And freed from every snare." Mr. Abbot was a native of Concord, son of Capt. Joshua Ab bot. He married Miss Eliza Kimball, by whom he had six chil dren, four sons and two daughters. He became a member of the First Congregational Church in 1814, and turned his atten tion to the study of theology, although he had not the advantage of a public education. Licensed to preach by the Deerfield Asso ciation of ministers, he went to the South, in 1820, for the ben efit of his health ; resided at Norfolk, Virginia, where he con ducted a school on the Lancasterian system, and preached the Gospel in the vicinity, as opportunities occurred. He made his family one visit after his first departure, and hoped either to rejoin them permanently in Concord, or have them go to him. He died of fever after a short sickness. At his funeral a dis course was preached, from 2d Cor. V. : 1 ; " For we know that if our earthly house," &c. Mr. Abbot was a man of amiable spirit, gentle and conciliatory manners ; modest, upright and devout. Nathan Carter, son of Ephraim, of this town, was killed in a saw-mill in Hopkinton, March 2, 1825, aged twenty-nine. November 6. The Rev. Mr. Gallaudet, Principal of the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb at Hartford, Connecticut, visited this town last week, with two of his pupils, and gave, on Friday afternoon at the Town Hall, a very interesting exhibition of their talents and attainments. • He was only 42 years of age. 384 HISTORY OF CONCORD. November 20. The Rev. Chester Wright, of Montpelier, delivered an address last evening, to a very full assembly in the Representatives' Hall, in behalf of the American Coloniza tion Society. December 24. Mr. Benjamin Gale had two hogs killed, which weighed one thousand and eight pounds. The weight of the largest was five hundred and sixty-three pounds. They were thirteen months old. Number of deaths in town in 1824, eighteen only. Note 1. Heretofore, at the close of decennial periods, we have published the names of all who have been chosen annually to any town office ; but on account of the yearly increase in the number of minor offices, we are obliged to restrict the names hereafter to those only who were chosen to the principal offices. Note 2. By a law passed January 1, 1796, any person who was chosen to any town office in a town for one year, "for which he was liable to be fined for not accepting it," thereby gained a " settlement " in said town. This law was so far repealed, by an act passed "December 25, 1816, that a person could gain a settlement only by being chosen and actually serving for one year " in the office of clerk, treasurer, selectman, or overseer of the poor.'' Note 3. For more convenient reference we have placed the list of principal town officers and representatives chosen since 1815, at the close of the civil history of the town, in 1853. CHAPTER XIV. HISTORY OF CONCORD FROM 1825 TO 1835. On the 9th of March the town voted to accept the following proposition, made by the Rev. Asa McFarland relative to dis annulling his ministerial contract with the town, viz. : " Since the time of my sickness, last winter, I have endeavor ed to make full trial, to determine whether I could perform the duties of the Christian ministry in this place. The result has been a conviction on my mind that I shall not be able to do all that the condition of the congregation requires. Thus far there is, so far as I know, a good degree of har mony in the Society ; and if I should attempt to continue alone to perform the duties of the ministry, I apprehend that I may fail; dissatisfaction may in consequence arise, and the Society not be in so good condition as it now is to call and settle a minister. After much deliberation I have come to the settled conclu sion, that the civil contract which is with the town, shall close at the end of the present ministerial year ; that is to say, next March. In regard to the pastoral relation, I shall be willing to have that dissolved, also, if it should be thought best ; — but if it should seem that it will promote harmony to have me continue in this relation, I may be willing that it should be so. This, how ever, I leave to future consideration. I have nothing more to communicate, only that it will be important to the Society, and pleasant to me, that a separation, in whole or in part, may take place with peace. 25 386 HISTORY OF CONCORD. I shall probably live among you, and I hope in peace, and do what I can to promote harmony, and support the institutions of religion and the welfare of society. Asa McFarland. Concord, July 11, 1824." Having voted to accept the foregoing proposition, Dr. McFar land's ministerial relation to the town ceased, after a laborious and faithful service of twenty-seven years.* Soon after the fore going communication was made, measures were taken to organ ize a new religious society, agreeably to a law passed July 1 1819, which authorized " any sect or any denomination of Chris tians in this State to associate and form societies, admit members establish rules and by-laws for their regulation and government. and to possess and exercise all corporate powers necessary to as sess and raise money by taxes upon the polls and ratable estates of the members of such association, for building and repairing houses of public worship, and for the support of the ministry." The new Society, organized July 29, 1824, was composed the first year of two hundred and twenty-three taxable members. In the fall of 1824, the Rev. Nathaniel Bouton, a licentiate from the Andover Theological Seminary, was invited to preach as a candidate. He preached his first sermon the last Sabbath in October, from the text, Luke x : 42, and continued his services as a candidate seven weeks. On the 24th of December the Church gave him a unanimous call to settle in the ministry, and on the 30th of the same month the Society concurred with the Church by a unanimous vote.f The call was accepted, and the Council called on the 23d of March, 1825, to ordain Rev. Mr. Bouton, dissolved also the pastoral relation of Rev. Dr. McFar land to the Church. Thus, after a period of ninety-five years — that is, from the settlement of Rev. Timothy Walker, in 1730 — the town in its corporate capacity ceased to provide for the support of the Min istry. Vet, at the annual meeting in March, it was voted, " That the Rev. Dr. McFarland have leave to cut fire-wood, suf- * See Biographical Notice. X John Odlin, Esq., objected to the salary, which was $750. See correspondence with Rev. Mr. Bouton in his twenty-fifth Anniversary Discourse, Appendix, pp. 38-41. RESIGNATION OF DR. McFARLAND. 387 ficient for his own use, on the Parsonage land the current year ; also, that he have the use of the improved lands the current year, which belong to the town."* 1826. The obligation of the town for the support of the ministry having ceased with the resignation of the Rev. Dr. McFarland, and the law of July, 1819, going into effect, relative changes were commenced in the disposition of the parsonage lands, and the interest of the town in the old North Church. At the an nual meeting in March, Joseph Walker, Robert Davis and Jere miah Pecker were chosen " a committee to sell all the parsonage lands and the school lands belonging to the town," and were authorized to make and execute, " in the name and in behalf of the town, all necessary conveyances, &c. ; and were directed to vest or secure the proceeds of the sales of said lands to be a permanent fund — the interest of which shall be applied for the purposes for which said lands were, reserved." William A. Kent, Joseph Walker, and Abel Hutchins were also chosen " a committee to take into consideration the subject of selling the interest or right the town may have in the meet ing-house, to the First Congregational Society in Concord." This committee, in a subsequent report, estimated the interest which the town had in the meeting-house at two hundred dollars ; in the land on which the meeting-house stands, measuring six rods east, south, north, and west, to the original reserve for a road, at three hundred dollars ; and in the bell at three hundred dollars ; and they recommended that the whole be offered to the First Congregational Society for eight hundred dollars, which was accordingly done, and the town's interest therein sold to said society. f November 14, 1828, the town voted to relinquish the claim of three hundred dollars on the Society, for the bell. * Among the items of expense the past year were the following : Paid for Portsmouth Turnpike, $500,00 " " other roads and bridges, 1.286,04 " " the new Town House, 6E4.93 " " Paupers belonging to the town 634,17 " " Paupers not belooging to the town, 97,91 " " Militia, 83,73 $3,256,78 t See original Report in the Town Records, 1828 ; also the special report of a committee, "on the Heirs of Joseph Hall," 1850. 388 HISTORY OF CONCORD. The income of the improved lands belonging to the town was granted to Rev. Dr. McFarland another year ; he also, with Rev. Nathaniel Bouton, and Rev. Nathaniel W. Williams, of the Bap tist Church, had leave to cut from the parsonage land fire-wood sufficient for their own use the current year. The selectmen were authorized to appoint an orator and a committee of arrangements for celebrating the fiftieth anniver sary of American Independence on the fourth of July. They made choice of Richard Bartlett, Esq. The day was cele brated with unusual demonstrations of joy. At sunrise, a na tional salute was fired by the Columbian Artillery, and a merry peal rung from the bells of the churches. The Legislature, then in session, with His Excellency the Governor, and Council, joined the citizens of the town in the glorious commemoration. At eleven o'clock, A. M., a procession, with a band of music, under direction of Col. Robert Davis, chief marshal, assisted by Capt. Joseph Cofran, Capt. Samuel Coffin and Maj. John D. Abbott, moved to the Old North Church. Prayer was offered by Rev. Mr. Bouton ; the Declaration of Independence was read by Dr. Josiah Crosby, and an oration delivered by Richard Bartlett, Esq. A sumptuous dinner was afterwards partaken of in the area of the State House, which was splendidly decorated by ladies for the occasion. Hon. Samuel Green presided at the table, assist ed by Hon. Samuel Morril and Major Timothy Chandler. Toasts were drank, accompanied with music, songs, and the dis charge of cannon. Among the volunteer toasts was the follow ing, offered by Jonathan Eastman, Jr., Esq. : •" Our Great Grand Fathers, who here, a hundred years ago, planted the tree of Lib erty in the wilds of Penacook."* On the 22d of April the committee aforenamed to sell the parsonage and school lands, held a public auction at the Wash ington Hotel, and made sale as follows : to John Eastman, Jr., eighty acre lot, for $3.277,70 ; to Abiel Walker six acre inter val lot, for $494,47 ; to Richard Bradley, twenty acre grant, on Little Pond road, for $542,06 ; five acre interval lot on east side of the river, to William Hurd, for $357,64 ; three acre Emendation lot, on Contoocook plain, to Abiel Rolfe and Henry * This was the last celebration of the glorious Fourth by authority of the town. PROVISION FOR THE SUPPORT OF THE POOR. 389 Rolfe, for $147.34; twenty acre Emendation, on Little Pond Hill, to Henry Chandler and Henry Martin, for $129,07 ; Par sonage house lot, near school house, north end of State street, to Robert Davis, for $176 ; Last Division lot, on Beaver Meadow, to Abner Farnum, for $210,50; — the whole amounting to $5,335,51, which constituted the Parsonage fund. The School Lands were also sold, as follows : To Isaac Hill, twenty acres on Little Pond road, . . . $392,76 To Henry Chandler and Henry Martin, twenty acres on Little Pond Hill, 142,82 To Enoch Coffin, a part of six acre lot at Old Fort, for . 215,16 To Abiel Walker, a part of same lot, for 70,12 To Abiel Rolfe and Henry Rolfe, four acres, Emendation on Contoocook Plain, 220,00 To Josiah Fernald, five acre intervale lot on the east side of the river, for 271,57 To Richard H. Ayer, last division lot on Beaver meadow, 378,58 Amounting to the sum of $1,691,01 1827. As security against fires this year the following regulations were adopted, viz. : " That all ashes when taken up shall be kept in vessels of iron or tin ; or in some place made of materials not combustible, so long as they shall remain in any building ; and when carried out, if put into wooden vessels shall be placed at least fifteen feet from any building or combustible matter. Shav ings shall be seasonably removed from all buildings, and depos ited in suitable places, or burned under the direction of a fire- ward. No person shall carry a lighted cigar or pipe into any barn, shed or stable, by day or by night ; and no person shall carry any lighted torch or fire, by night or by day, within forty feet of any building, lumber, or any combustible material which would endanger the property of any individual, on penalty of a fine of not less than one nor more than five dollars." Effective measures were this year taken to provide a house and farm for the support of the poor of the town, who had here tofore been " bid off" to the person who would board and provide 390 HISTORY OF CONCORD. for them at the lowest rate. At the annual town meeting, " Voted, as the sense of this meeting, That the poor of the town be supported on a farm." " Voted, as the sense of this meet ing, that the town will purchase a farm, on which the poor of the town shall be supported." To carry this decisive vote into effect, Timothy Chandler, Ste phen Ambrose, Abiel Walker, Abel Hutchins and Isaac Dow, were " authorized and directed to purchase stock and put in re pair a suitable farm, on which all paupers which this town may be compelled to relieve or maintain may be placed for support." The selectmen were also instructed to employ a suitable person to have charge of the paupers and farm aforesaid. In pursuance of the authority given to them, the aforenamed committee reported to the town, next year, " that they had exam ined six farms, shown them by different persons, all of which embraced many advantages for the purpose required ; but they considered the farm of Mr. Timothy Walker, near the West Parish village, under all circumstances the most profitable, and they purchased it for four thousand dollars." " The farm," say the committee, " contains over two hundred acres of land, about forty acres of which are good intervale ; also, a number of acres of brook land, which will make good mowing. The land on the west side of the road amounts to about one hundred acres, on which is a large quantity of valuable timber and a great quantity of wood, which, being only two miles from market, must render it very valuable." In addition to four thousand dollars paid for the farm, the committee expended four hundred and eighty-four dollars and fifty-seven cents in the purchase of stock, repairing buildings, &c, making a total of four thousand four hundred and eighty-four dollars and fifty-seven cents. Since the purchase of this farm the poor of the town have been supported there, in a manner greatly conducive to their comfort, at an expense much less than by the former mode. At a special meeting, September 29, 1827, Robert Davis, Samuel Coffin and Samuel Herbert were authorized to sell the Rocky Pond lot, so called, devised by the late Dea. Joseph PARSONAGE AND LITERARY FUNDS. 391 Hall " for the benefit of the Congregational minister who should exercise the duties of his office where the meeting-house then stood."* 1828. To dispose of the interest which should annually accrue from the Parsonage fund, the town voted, " That the selectmen re quest each man in town to designate, annually, the incorporated religious society in Concord, which supports the preaching of the gospel, to which his proportion of the interest of the ministerial fund shall be paid ;f and that the selectmen divide the interest accordingly." This became a permanent rule for the division of the interest of the Parsonage fund, with the addition, that " in case any persons did not choose to designate to what society their proportion should go, the same should be divided equally among all the societies." 1829. FUNDS. William A. Kent, Robert Davis and Joseph Low were appoint ed a committee to invest the principal of the Parsonage fund in bank stocks, or such public stocks as, in their judgment, would be for the interest of the town. The same committee were authorized to make a similar investment of the School and Lite rary Funds belonging to the town. X Five hundred dollars, which remained due from the First Congregational Society for the town's interest in the old meeting-house, was ordered to be divided among the incorporated religious societies in the town on the same principle that the interest of the Parsonage fund was divided. To aid the smaller and less wealthy school districts, the sum of four hundred dollars, of the money raised by the town for the support of schools, was divided equally among the districts of the town. * See Special Report of a Committee on " Heirs of Joseph Hall: 1850." t This proportion was determined by the amount of each man's tax on poll and estate. X The Literary Fund arises from a tax on banks, which is divided among the several towns in the State. In 1828, a large sum, accumulated from this source, for the purpose of establishing a College, was, by a law of the Legislature, divided among the several towns. 392 HISTORY OF CONCORD. As a security in case of fire, every house within a quarter of a mile of Main street, of two or more stories in height, having four or more fire-places, was required to be furnished with two or more fire-buckets. The " Chandler farm," so called, which was in the hands of the town, lying on the hill north-west of Henry Martin's, was sold to Christopher Rowell for $625.50 ; and several parcels or tracts were also sold from the Poor Farm, viz. : to John Jarvis, Isaac Dow, Zebediah Gleason, Abner Farnum, Abel Baker : — the whole quantity sold amounting to three acres and twenty square rods — for $156.24. Fifty dollars were placed at the disposal of the Superintending School Committee, for the purchase of books, to be distributed as rewards in the several schools, at the discretion of the committee ; and ten dollars were appropriated for the benefit of the children at the Poor farm, to be instructed in school in District No. 3. Equal or larger appropriations for this latter purpose have gen erally been made every year since. 1830-31. Ten dollars were appropriated in 1830 " for the benefit of poor families in District No. 12, who live too far from school to send their children with convenience ; and for the benefit of Ephraim Davis's children, in District No. 9, all to be expended for schooling." Those families lived on or beyond what is called the "Dark Plain," about two and a half miles east of Main street. Measures were taken to paint, repair and furnish steps for the Town House, and to restrict the use of the building to town business, and to meetings for religious and charitable purposes, unless on rent. The toll of ministers of the several incorporated religious societies in town, passing over Federal bridge, was, by vote of the town, paid by the selectmen. " Voted, That a bridewell be built at the expense of the town ; and that Richard Bradley, James Moulton, Jr., and Cyrus Rob inson, selectmen, be authorized to contract for the same." The TOWN ORDINANCES. 393 selectmen were also authorized to contract " to build a pound on the Poor Farm.*" The plan before acted on, of dividing a portion of the school money — about $300 — and also the whole of the literary fund, as annually received, equally among the school districts of the town, was adopted in 1831, and has been continued from year to year as a settled policy. It operates as an encouragement to educa tion in the minor districts, and gives general satisfaction. Fif teen dollars were appropriated for the schooling of children on the " Dark Plain." Permission was given to the inhabitants of Concord " to build horse sheds in front of the burying-ground on the town land, un der the direction of the selectmen." During 1831 a long line of sheds was built for members of the First Congregational Soci ety, by contract with Mr. Moses Morse, at a cost of about twelve dollars each. These sheds stood close to the fence of the bury ing ground, west of the old meeting-house, and there remained till the new meeting-house was built, in 1842, when a part of them were sold to Richard Bradley, Esq., and part moved to the location of the new house, and fitted up in the rear of it. The following resolution, presented by Col. Dudley S. Palmer, was unanimously adopted : Resolved, That the selectmen of this town be respectfully request ed not to grant a license permitting any theatrical corps, circus, car- * Among the items of expense in the auditors' report '< for the year past," were : Paid for steps for Court House $44,66 " " painting Town House 300,05 « " building Bridewell • . . . . 30,78 " Superintending School Committee 75,00 " Z. W. Gleason, for building stone pound 62,50 September 25th, the selectmen, by direction of the town, sold of " the property which be longed to the estate of the late Timothy Abbot," three acres of land on Sand Hill, to Jacob B. Moore, for $288. For land of said estate previously sold, the town had received, from Philip Watson, $350,00 Mary Russell, . • 450,00 James Sanbom, 355,00 Joseph Low, 92,00 Interest and rents, 148,30 $1,683,30 The town had also paid on demands against said estate, for the support of his widow, 1.045,85 Leaving a balance of $637,45 394 HISTORY OF CONCORD. avan, or any showmen, to exhibit or be exhibited within the limits of the town during the year for which said selectmen have this day been elected." 1832. The Poor Farm was taxed like other property, for the benefit of school District No. 3, and a vote passed to " establish a house of correction, in connection with Hie poor house." In June, this year, intelligence came that the Asiatic cholera, whose deadly march through Europe the year previous had been reported, had crossed the ocean and commenced its ravages in Canada. As Concord lay in the direct line of travel from Can ada to Boston, great apprehensions were entertained that the fatal malady might visit us also. Hence, upon the petition of a re spectable number of citizens, a special town meeting was called on the 9th of July, " to see if the town will choose a board of health, and make provision for the accommodation and support of strangers and foreigners who may become sick and need assist ance." At this meeting a board of health was appointed, con sisting of Richard Bradley, Joseph P. Stickney, and Laban Page, selectmen ; and doctors Thomas Chadbourne, Ezra Carter, Peter Renton, Elijah Colby, Samuel Morril, Thomas Brown, and J. -T. Gilman Leach, who were authorized to make all necessary provision and accommodations for sick strangers, &c, and for the comfort and safety of our own citizens." Five hundred dol lars were appropriated to meet expenses. Through the care and kindness of Divine Providence, no case of cholera ever occurred among us !* 1834. At the annual town meeting the following important measure was adopted : " Voted, That whereas, from the great increase of inhabitants in the compact part of the town, new streets or highways may be * Id the Auditors' Report of 1833 are the following items : Paid for rations for Militia, $111,99 ; for bounty on crows and foxes, $10,95; for guide boards, $12. The expense of supporting paupers on the farm is $420,94. Average number of paupers in 1833 is 17. " Tbe auditors cannot refrain from expressing their approbation of Mr. Joseph Parker, the overseer. They believe he merits tbe commendation of the citizens of Concord for bis industry and fidelity in the discharge of the duties of his office." LAYING OUT OF STREETS. 395 required, — Therefore streets may be authorized by the select men, and become highways, to be thereafter maintained by the town as such, in the usual manner ; — provided, that where streets are required for the especial benefit of the owner or owners of the land through which the said street may pass, the necessary land for the' same be given for the purpose by the owners, and that the road and suitable water-courses be first made to the ac ceptance of the selectmen, at the expense of those for whose benefit the street may be laid out. " And whereas, for the more easily describing lots and resi dences, the names of the several streets now made or hereafter to be made, should be known and recorded — Therefore, that suitable names may be given to such streets within the limits of the 9th, 10th and 11th school districts, a committee be appointed, (residents in said districts) who shall be authorized, with the con currence of the owners of the land, where it has been given for the purpose, to report proper names to the selectmen ; and when approved by them that the same be entered on the records of the town, and that the street be thereafter known by that name." In accordance with the foregoing vote, William A. Kent, Abiel Walker and Timothy Chandler, were appointed a committee to name streets, who subsequently made report, which was adopted, as follows : NAMES OF STREETS. 1. The street known by the name of Main Street shall retain its name, and shall extend from the head of the Londonderry Turnpike road northerly to Horse Shoe Pond, by the dwelling-house of the late Judge Walker. 2. The street west of Main Street, known by the name of State Street, shall retain its name, and shall extend from Pleasant Street northerly by the Burying Ground to Wood's brook, on the Bosca wen road. 3. The street west of State Street, known by the name of High Street, shall hereafter be called Green Street, and shall extend from Pleasant Street northerly to Centre Street. 4. The street west of Green Street, recently laid out through land of George Kent, shall be called Spring Street, and shall extend from Pleasant Street northerly to Centre Street. 5. The plat of ground appropriated by George Kent, Esq., for a public square, containing about five acres, lying between Merrimack and Rumford Streets, shall be called Rumford Square. 396 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 6. The street west of Spring Street, and making the east line of Rumford Square, shall be called Rumford Street, and shall extend from Pleasant Street northerly to Centre Street. 7. The street west of Rumford Street, and making the west line of Rumford Square, shall be called Merrimack Street, and shall extend from Pleasant Street northerly to Centre Street. 8. The street running northerly from Centre Street through land partly of Mr. Odlin, shall be called Union Street, and shall extend from Centre Street northerly to Washington Street. 9. The street running southerly from Pleasant Street, by the dwelling-house of Samuel Fletcher, Esq., shall be called South Street, and shall extend from Pleasant Street southerly to Mr. Benjamin Wheeler's dwelling-house. 10. The street running south-easterly from Main Street, at the head of Londonderry Turnpike Road, to Concord Bridge, shall be called Water Street. 11. The street running southerly from Water Street, by the late Dea. Wilkins's dwelling-house, through tbe Eleven Lots, shall be called Hall Street, and shall extend from Water Street to the town line by Col. Carter's dwelling-house. 12. The street running westerly from Main Street, at the head of Londonderry Turnpike Road, shall be called West Street, and shall extend from Main Street westerly to South Street. 13. The street running westerly from Main Street through land of the late Mr. Richard Hazeltine, shall be called Cross Street, and shall extend from Main Street to South Street. 14. The street running westerly from Main Street, near Mr. Chas. Hoag's dwelling-house, through land of the late Mr. Thompson, shall be called Thompson Street, and shall extend from Main Street to South Street. 15. The street north of Thompson Street, through the same lot, shall be called Fayette Street, and shall extend from Main Street to South Street. 16. The street running westerly from Main Street by Mr. Asaph Evans's store, shall be called Pleasant Street, and shall extend from Main Street westerly to the junction of the roads by Mr. Stephen Lang's dwelling-house. 17. The street running westerly from Main Street, through the lot lately owned by Mr. Benjamin Gale, shall be called Warren Street, and shall extend from Main Street to State Street. 18. The street known by the name of School Street Bhall retain its name, and shall extend from Main Street westerly by the north side of Rumford Square to Merrimack Street. 19. The street running westerly from Main Street by the north side of the State House lot, shall be called Park Street, and shall extend from Main Street to State Street. 20. The street known by the name of Centre Street shall retain its name, and shall extend from Main Street westerly over Sand Hill until it intersects Washington Street. DIRECTORY OF THE CENTRE VILLAGE. 397 21. The street running westerly from Main Street by Dr. Chad- bourne's dwelling-house, shall be called Montgomery Street, and shall extend from Main Street to State Street. 22. The street running westerly from Main Street by the north side of the Court House, through land of Mr. John Stickney, shall be called Court Street, and shaS extend from Main Street to State Street. 23. The street running westerly from Main Street, by Dr. Carter's dwelling-house, shall be called Washington Street, and shall extend from Main Street, crossing State Street and over the hill, until it in tersects Centre Street. 24. The street running westerly from Main Street, south of Mr. Nathaniel Abbot's dwelling-house, shall be called Pearl Street, and shall extend from Main Street to State Street. 25. The street running westerly from Main Street, by the dwell ing-house of Charles Walker, Esq., shall be called Franklin Street, and shall extend from Main Street to the angle of the old road on the hill where the Hospital once was. 26. The street running westerly from Main Street, on the south side of the North Meeting-House lot to State Street, shall be known and called by the name of Church Street. 27. The street running westerly from Main Street at Horse Shoe Pond, shall be called Penacook Street, and shall extend from Main Street westerly by the dwelling-house of Richard Bradley, Esq., to the foot of the hill on the Little Pond road. William A. Kent, Timothy Chandler, \- Committee. Abiel Walkee, Concord, June, 1834. 4 In June, 1834, a " Directory" was published, " containing the names of all heads of families, males of twenty-one years of age, and all others doing business in Concord centre village, with their occupations, places of business, and residence. The follow ing summary, taken from this directory, is valuable for the infor mation it contains, and for future reference. NUMBER OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS, TRADING AND MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS, ETC. State House, Court House, State Prison, 5 Meeting-Houses, 3 School Houses, 10 Hotels and Taverns, 2 Banks, 1 Savings Bank, 11 Printing Offices, 10 Newspapers, 26 English and West-India Goods Stores, 1 Hard Ware Store, 1 Crockery Ware Store, 3 Apoth ecary Stores, 3 Hat Stores, 4 Clothes and Drapery Stores, 6 Book Stores, 5 Book Binderies, 1 Circulating Library, 9 Shoe Stores and Manufactories, 1 Musical Instrument and Umbrella Store, 2 Tanne ries, 4 Saddle and Harness Makers, 1 Coach and Chaise Manufactory, 398 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 1 Distillery, 3 Tin Ware Manufactories, 7 Blacksmiths, 3 Wheel wrights, 4 Furniture Warehouses and Cabinet Shops, 2 Bake Houses, 9 Tailor and Tailoress Shops, 3 Slaughter Houses, 1 Last Manufactory, 1 Whip Manufactory, 1 Silver Plating Establishment, 1 Looking- Glass Manufactory, 1 Carver and Gilder, 4 Millinery Shops, 1 Mar ket House, 3 Victualling Cellars, 2 Chair Manufactories, 1 Comb Manufactory, 1 Boat Manufactory, 1 Confectionery Store, 3 Watch Makers and Jewellers, 1 Clock Manufactory, 1 Grave Stone Maker, 1 Chemical Apparatus and Soda Manufactory, 8 Joiner Shops, 5 Paint Shops, 1 Cooper Shop, 2 Livery Stables, 2 Barber Shops. The extent of communication and mode of public conveyance between Concord and other places, at this time, appears from the following LIST OF 6TAGES. Concord to Boston. — 1. Every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, through Pembroke, Candia, Chester, Hampstead, Atkinson, Haver hill, Ms., Bradford, Andover, Reading, to Boston. 2. Every Monday, Wednesday and Friday, through Hooksett, Derry, Methuen, Ms., Andover, Reading. 3. Every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, through Hooksett, Derry, Pelham, Lowell, Ms., Billerica, Woburn. 4. Six times a week, through Hooksett, Manchester, Londonderry, Pelham, Lowell, to meet the stages to Boston. 5. Every day, through Hooksett, Amoskeag, Bedford, Merrimack, Nashua, Tyngsborough, Lowell, Billerica, Woburn. 'Concord to Amherst. — Every Tuesday and Saturday, through Dun- barton, Goffstown, New-Boston, to Amherst. Concord to Peterborough. — Every Monday, Wednesday and Fri day, through Hopkinton, Henniker, Hillsborough, Antrim, Hancock, to Peterborough. Concord to Charlestown. — Every Tuesday, Thursday and Satur day, through Hopkinton, Warner, Bradford, Fishersfield, Newport, Claremont, to Charlestown. Concord to Hanover. — 1. Every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, through Hopkinton, Warner, Sutton, New-London, Springfield, En field, Lebanon, to Hanover. 2. Daily, through Boscawen, Salisbury, Andover, Wilmot, Spring field, Enfield, Lebanon, to Hanover. Concord to Bradford, Vt. — Evtery Tuesday, Thursday and Satur day, through Boscawen, Franklin, New-Chester, Bristol, Hebron, Rumney, Wentworth, Orford, to Bradford. Concord to Haverhill. — Six times a week, through Canterbury, Northfield, Sanbomton, New-Hampton, Plymouth, Rumney, Went worth, Warren, to Haverhill. Concord to Conway. — Every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, through Canterbury, Upper Gilmanton, Gilford, Meredith, Cen- INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 399 tre-Harbor, Moultonborough, Sandwich, Tamworth, Eaton, to Con way. Concord to Wolfborough. — Every Tuesday and Saturday, through Loudon, Gilmanton, Alton, to Wolfborough. Concord to Dover. — Every Tuesday and Saturday, through Chiches ter, Pittsfield, Barnstead, Strafford, Barrington, Madbury, to Dover. Concord to Portsmouth. — 1. Every Tuesday, Thursday and Satur day, through Chichester, Epsom, Northwood, Nottingham, Durham, Dover, to Portsmouth. 2. Every Monday, Wednesday and Friday, through Pembroke, Al- lenstown, Deerfield, Raymond, Epping, Exeter, to Portsmouth. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES RELATIVE TO THIS PERIOD. July 4, 1825, was celebrated by a religious service appro priate to the occasion. Rev. Mr. Bouton delivered an address, and at the close a collection was taken up in aid of the American Colonization Society, amounting to $44,58. Drowned in Horse-shoe pond, at the north end of the village, on Saturday, the 9th instant, John Bradley, aged five years and seven months, eldest child of Richard Bradley, Esq. Drowned in Merrimack river, on the 16th instant, Mr. Leonard Fales, aged forty. He fell from a small boat while intoxicated. June 22d Concord was honored by the presence of the im mortal LaFayettb. Great preparations were made for his reception. Met on the town-line, between Concord and Pem broke, he was addressed by Hon. William A. Kent, chairman of the committee of arrangements, as follows : General LaFayette : In behalf of the citizens of Concord, we offer you a cordial welcome to our village and to our hospitalities. In the various climates of our country through which you have recently passed, you have experienced a uniform temperature in the public feeling toward you. It has been warm — it has been grateful; and in this northern region, sir, where we are no strangers to cold and to frost, you will find no chill in our affections. 400 HISTORY OF CONCORD. In expressing our admiration of your character, and our gratitude for your noble and disinterested services to our country, we but respond to the distinct voice of that country; and we again echo that voice when we say, as we now do from the heart, may God Almighty bless you. To this address Gen. LaFayette responded. Arrived at the gate of the State House yard, an immense number of people, gathered from the town and from every part of the State, wel comed him with enthusiastic and prolonged cheering. In the hall of the House of Representatives he was welcomed and ad dressed by His Excellency the Governor, David L. Morril, and introduced to each of the members. Next, the General was introduced to the Revolutionary soldiers to the number of two hundred and ten, who had come to pay him their respects. He was addressed in their behalf by Gen. Benjamin Pierce. At three o'clock in the afternoon he was conducted by the Governor, amid the cheerings of the assembled multitude, to the dinner-table, in front of the capitol, where, with about six hun dred others — including more than two hundred Revolutionary officers and soldiers — he partook of a sumptuous entertainment, provided by Mr. John P. Gass, of the Columbian Hotel. After dinner toasts were drank, accompanied with the dis charge of cannon, and interspersed with songs. One song was written by Col. Philip Carrigain to the tune — " Scots who ha' wi' Wallace bled." The first stanza of which was — " North, and South, and Fast, and West, Grateful homage have expressed — Greeting loud the nation's guest : Son of Liberty; — Whom tyrants cursed — whom Heav'n approved — And millions long have mourned and loved — He comes, by fond entreaties moved, The Geanitb State to see."* During his sojourn in town the General was the guest of Hon. William A. Kent, at whose house a great number of ladies and gentlemen had the pleasure of a private introduction to him. » Concord Register, June 25, 1825. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 401 He left at seven o'clock, on Thursday morning, for Dover and other places eastward. He again returned to Concord on the 27th of June, and took his final leave, for Windsor, Vermont, by way of Hopkinton, Warner, Newport and Claremont. On passing the house of the late Daniel Clark, of Concord, Miss Mary Clark stepped out of the door and presented to Gen. LaFayette a beautiful bouquet of flowers, for which he politely thanked her. The mercury stood at ninety, or above ninety degrees, on thirteen days during the month of July. [1825.] December 17. We have fourteen regular stages running to and from this place three times a week — six of them to Boston ; and, also, several one and two horse carriages carry ing the mails across the country once a week. DEDICATION OF THE FIRST EAPTIST CHURCH. The Baptist meeting-house was dedicated on Wednesday, De cember 28th. The order of exercises was — 1. Anthem. 2. Prayer, by Rev. Mr^ Robinson, of Salisbury. 3. Select portions of Scripture, by Rev. Mr. Barnabee, of Deerfield. 4. Singing, Psalm 132, L. M. 5. Dedicatory prayer, by Rev. Mr. Williams, late of Windsor, Vermont, now of this town. 6. Singing, 132, C. M. 7. Sermon, by Rev. Mr. Ellis, of Exeter, from Haggai ii: 9. 8. Prayer, by Rev. Mr. Carlton, of Hopkinton. 9. Singing, Hymn 136. 10. Anthem. The house, costing between six and* seven thousand dollars, is a handsome edifice, and creditable to the skill of the architect, Mr. John Leach.* [1826.] January 28. A bell, weighing about thirteen hun dred pounds, from the foundry of Col. Revere, of Boston, for the new brick Baptist church, to which is to be attached a clock, was purchased by the donations of a number of citizens of this vicinity, and raised to the belfry the latter part of January. •This edifice has since been considerably enlarged and beautified. See engraving of it as it now is, in history of tbe Baptist churcb. 26 402 HISTORY OF CONCORD. February 4. On Wednesday morning the thermometer was twenty-six degrees below zero, which is the lowest that has been noticed for the last eight years. February 18. The joiners' shop, owned by Capt. John Putney, at the East Village, was destroyed by fire. Loss esti mated at three hundred dollars. An unusual influenza at this season pervaded this town, and ' extended over the whole of New-England. [1827.] On Thursday morning, May 3d, the hills in Canter bury, and the tops of Kearsarge and Cardigan, in sight of Concord village, were covered with snow, which had fallen two days before. Died in this town, April 27th, at the residence of Capt. Joseph Walker, Mr. David Sawyer, of Salisbury, aged twenty-one. His body was removed to Salisbury. The cause of his sickness was the lodgment of a stick from an apple tree, exceeding one half of an inch in length and one eighth in diameter, entirely within the eye. It entered the pupil and was invisible to any observer for some length of time. The stick was extracted from the eye ; but lock-jaw ensued, which was the immediate cause of his death. The following is a fair specimen of advertisements for the sale of spirituous liquors, in this town, for many years before the temperance reform commenced : GENUINE LIQUORS AND GROCERIES. WILLIAM GAULT, (Opposite the State House, Concord, N. H.,) Has just received the following supplies, viz. : 10 casks Wines ; 5 hhds. St. Croix Rum; 4 pipes old Cognac Brandt ; 4 do. pure Holland Gin ; 2 casks old Whisky ; 1 do. Jamaica Spirit. W. G. endeavors at all times to keep a supply of Old LlQUORS, as good as can be found in the capital of New-England. May 10. tf A reading room was opened in Concord, under favorable auspices, on Thursday, May 24th, having, as contributors for its support, about seventy subscribers. The room was the centre INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 403 room, second story, of the large brick building — now Sanborn's block — near the State House, and was fitted up with much neatness and taste. The watch and jewel shop of Mr. Timothy Chandler, of this town, was forcibly broken open and entered on Friday night, June 1st, and articles to the amount of from fifty to one hundred dollars taken therefrom. On Friday morning, June 22d, in attempting to swim across Merrimack river, below Garvin's Falls, Mr. John Thompson, Jr., was drowned, aged thirty — son of Capt. John Thompson, of Concord. A little son, four years old, of Mr. Atkinson Webster, was killed, July 7th, by the kick of a horse. A hog, slaughtered by Mr. John Elliot, of this town, eighteen months and one week old, weighed, when dressed, five hundred and eighteen pounds. Theatre. " At the hall of the Eagle Coffee House, in Con cord, on Monday evening, July 28th, will be presented Shak- speare's celebrated tragedy of Othello," &c. " Doors open at seven and a half o'clock." This was the first experiment of theatrical performances ever tried in this town. The performances were continued every evening through the week, except Saturday — receiving, how ever, but little patronage. They then closed. Died in this town, on the 5th of August, of paralysis, Mr. William Stickney, aged sixty-nine. He was attacked in the morning, while about bis ordinary business ; was insensible through the day, and expired the same evening. Died in this town, in September, Mr. Oliver Hoit, aged eighty. He was a worthy member of the Baptist church, whose last hours were distinguished by a calm reliance upon that Saviour whose religion he had honored by a uniform life of piety for a number of years. [1828.] The victory of Gen. Jackson over the British at New- Orleans, January 8, 1814, was celebrated at Concord by an im mense concourse of citizens from this town and other parts of the State. A procession was formed at eleven o'clock, in the forenoon, in front of the State House, and moved to the old North Church, 404 HISTORY OF CONCORD. where the Hon. Isaac Hill delivered a discourse, which was the first ever delivered by him on a public occasion. Prayers were offered by Rev. Nathaniel Bouton and Rev. N. W. Williams. A sumptuous dinner was served in the area of the State House. A ball at the hall of the Eagle Coffee House, in the evening, was said to be more splendid than any other exhibition of the kind that ever took place in the interior of New-England.* The Eagle Coffee House, in Concord, kept by William Rich ardson, was opened for public entertainment in February, 1828. Died in this town, on Wednesday morning, May 21st, aged twenty-one years, Mrs. Harriet Sherman Bouton, consort of Rev. Nathaniel Bouton. Never has it been our lot to record the death of one in our immediate neighborhood whose departure has excited a more intense or more general interest. The im mense crowd of people that attended her funeral obsequies on Friday — the tears that glistened in many eyes — the deep so lemnity that pervaded the audience — the long procession that followed to the " house appointed for all the living" — all evinced how strong was the attachment of those who two years ago were to her utter strangers. So young — so beautiful — so innocent, and meek, and unassuming, and yet so interesting — so pious, without affectation — so familiar, without obtrusiveness — so pru dent, and yet so artless — hers seemed a spirit too pure and too angelic to be long of the nether world. Until within a few hours of her death, unconscious as was her partner of the alarming nature of her disease, the shock was as sudden as it was over whelming to him, who was united by early attachment and by the tenderest sympathies.! Mrs. B. was a daughter of Rev. John Sherman, grandson of Hon. Roger Sherman, of Connecticut. She was born at Tren ton, New-Vork, April 3, 1807, — adopted daughter of Rev. Erastus Ripley, of Meriden, Connecticut ; married in Lebanon, Goshen Parish church, September 11, 1825, and died suddenly, of puerperal fever, leaving two children, the youngest a son of one week old. Printers' elastic, composition rollers were first used in Concord, •See A". H. Patriot, January 7 and 14, 1828. f A". *?¦ Patriot. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 405 in the Patriot and Statesman offices, instead of the old fashioned balls, in August, 1828. The eleventh regiment of the New-Hampshire militia, under the command of Col. Simeon Stevens, paraded for inspection and review, in this town, October 9th, on the same ground — west of the State Prison — upon which were encamped for some time, during the late war, a portion of United States troops. The troops were reviewed by Adjutant General Low. [1829.] The blacksmith and machine shop, occupied by Gen. Isaac Eastman, on the east side of the river, in Concord, was destroyed by fire early on the morning of the 20th of March. The alarm was given by the ringing of bells, about one o'clock at night. By the aid of engines from the main street, the buildings near the shop were saved. No insurance. Loss esti mated at about $500. Died in this town, December 2d, Phebe Hutchins, wife of Levi Hutchins, aged sixty-three. She was for many years a worthy member of the Society of Friends, and manifested much of that spirit of universal love which she believed ought to be felt and cherished by all. DEATH OF EZEKIEL WEBSTER. On Friday afternoon, April 10, 1829, at about half past three o'clock, the Hon. Ezekiel Webster, of Boscawen, while addressing the jury in the Court of Common Pleas, in this town — apparently in perfect health, and with his usual strength and ability — sud denly fell, deprived of sensation and life. He had spoken for nearly half an hour in a full and unfaltering voice, and had finished a sentence, when the hand of death arrested his earthly course. The physicians of this town were immediately present, hut his soul had left its earthly tenement ere any human aid could be administered. No language can paint the consternation of the court, the bar, and jurors, together with a crowded audience, whose eyes were riveted upon the speaker at the moment of his sudden exit. The court immediately adjourned, and the body of the deceased was conveyed in a carriage to his boarding-house — Mrs. Mary Ann 406 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Stickney's — and thence to his family mansion, in Boscawen, on Friday evening. On the opening of the court, on Saturday morning, the Hon. Charles H. Atherton announced to the conrt the deep feeling which pervaded the bar in this melancholy bereavement, and suitable resolutions were adopted. In the afternoon the court, members of the bar, and a great number of citizens, walked in procession to the North Church, where prayers were offered by Rev. Mr. Bouton. Mr. Webster was one of the ablest lawyers of the State — a distinguished legislator — and left a rich inheritance in fame for his orphan children. He stood at the head of the Merrimack bar, by every member of which he was honored and esteemed for his courtesy, talents and integrity. The void created by his premature death will not soon be filled.* In the summer of 1829 an infant school was kept by Mrs. Ruby B. Preston, in Stickney's hall. About thirty children, between the ages of two and a half and six years, attended. The expense of the first quarter was two dollars and a half a scholar. The ordination of Rev. Moses G. Thomas over the Second Congregational Church and Society in Concord, took place on the 25th of March, 1829. The services, agreeably to request, were performed in the old North Church. Introductory prayer and reading of Scripture, by Rev. Mr. Gage, of Dunstable, N. H. ; sermon by Rev. Mr. Barrett, of Boston, from Ro mans v : 4 ; ordaining prayer by Rev. Mr. Gannett, of Boston ; charge to the pastor by Rev. Mr. Capen, of South Boston ; right hand of fellowship by Rev. Mr. Lathrop, of Dover ; address to the Society by Rev. Mr. Gannett, and concluding prayer by Rev. Mr. Gannett. The corner stone of a new church for the use of the Unitarian Society in this town was laid, with appropriate religious services, by the Rev. Moses G. Thomas, pastor of the Society, on Satur day, May 2, 1829. In a leaden box, under the corner stone, were deposited, * JV. H. Journal. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 407 among other things, an historical account of Concord, from the time it was first visited by inhabitants from the eastern continent, in 1639, prepared by John Farmer, Esq. ; also, a copy of the New-Hampshire Register for 1829, and a copy of each of the newspapers printed in the town. Died in this town, Sunday evening, October 25th, Mr. Joseph Wiggin, aged eighty -four. Mr. W. attended meeting in the fore part of that day, but died suddenly in the evening, in a fit of apoplexy. DEDICATION OF THE UNITARIAN CHURCH. On Wednes day, Nov. 11th, the new meet ing-house erect ed by the Second Congregational (or Unitarian) Society in this town, was dedi cated to the wor ship of the " one only living and true God." The order of exercis es were : 1. An anthem. 2. A prayer, by Rev. Ralph W. Emer son, of Boston. 3. Reading of the Scriptures. 4. Dedication hymn. 5. Ded icatory prayer, by Rev. Mr. Parkman, of Boston. 6. Consecration hymn. 7. Sermon, by Rev. Mr. Thomas, pastor of the church. 8. Con cluding prayer and benediction. 408 HISTORY OF CONCORD. [1830.] The Concord Mechanics' Association held its annual meeting January 6th, and an address was delivered by Richard Bartlett, Esq. The society consists of about fifty master mechan ics, and has a library of nearly one hundred volumes for the use of the members and their apprentices. George Hough, Esq., presi dent; Maj. Timothy Chandler and Gen. Isaac Eastman, vice presidents ; Jacob B. Moore, Esq., treasurer and librarian ; Dea. James Moulton, secretary ; Lewis Downing, Benjamin Parker, William Restieaux, David Allison, directors. The first public measures for a temperance society in Concord were taken on Fast Day, April 1, 1830, by a meeting at the old North Church. On Thursday, the 8th, at the Town Hall, a con stitution was adopted, a society organized, and officers chosen, viz. : Timothy Chandler, president ; Samuel Morril, vice presi dent ; Albe Cady, secretary-; Joseph Low, Ira Rowell, Elijah Colby, William Kent and Henry Fisk, executive committee. At the inspection and exercise of the independent company of light infantry of this town, in May, 1830, under the command of Capt. George D. Abbot, the company abstained entirely from the use of ardent spirit. On Tuesday evening, April 6th, a meeting was held at the Town Hall, in Concord, to consider the project of a railroad through this State and Vermont, to connect the business of the great western lakes with the tide waters of the Atlantic ! Maj. Timothy Chandler called the meeting to order, and Hon. William A. Kent was chosen chairman, and Albe Cady, Esq., secretary. The project was approved, and a committee appointed to cor respond on the subject, viz. : William A. Kent, Timothy Chandler, Dudley S. Palmer, Stephen Ambrose, Jeremiah Pecker, Joseph Low, George Kent, Samuel Coffin, Samuel Fletcher and Asa McFarland. May 19. Mr. Joshua Sawyer, taverner, at the lower end of Main street, committed suicide by hanging. July 26. The stage now runs three times a week from Bur lington, through Montpelier, Hanover and Concord, to Boston, in two days. August 9. A deer has been seen several times of late upon INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 409 the interval east of the Merrimack river, a mile from the State House. September 22. James Stevens, son of Mr. Philip Stevens, of this town, was killed at Quincy, Mass., while working in the granite quarry, by the falling of a huge stone on him. He was buried in Concord. Mr. William Gault exhibited last week two long white Turkey cucumbers, which grew in his garden this season, one of which is nineteen and a quarter inches long, fifteen and three quarters in circumference, and weighs eight pounds and four ounces. The other is sixteen and a half inches long, twenty and a quarter inches in circumference, and weighs nine pounds and six ounces.* November 15. On Wednesday last the Concord Light In fantry company, Capt. Joseph E. Estabrook, celebrated its fourteenth anniversary in handsome style. Much interest was imparted to the occasion by the ceremonies attending the pre sentation of an elegant standard to the company by a number of young ladies of this village. Miss Hannah Hutchins, in behalf of her fair companions, delivered the address. [1831.] January 31. On Thursday evening last about eighty mechanics of this place partook of a splendid supper at the Columbian Hotel. April 4. Drowned in Merrimack river, in this town, on Friday last, while employed with other persons in rafting, near West Parish village, Mr. Newell Currier, of Canterbury. The bank of the river on which he stepped caved in, and he imme diately sank and was not again seen. Mr. Currier had a wife and two children. In April, of this year, James Elliot was drowned in the " outlet," so called, at the Borough, aged about sixteen. April 11. The first annual meeting of the Concord Tem perance Society was held at the North Meeting-house, on Thurs day (Fast day,) in the afternoon, and was addressed by Rev. Mr. Kelley, of the M. E. Church. The other exercises of the pulpit were conducted by Rev. Mr. Bouton, Rev. Mr. Williams and Rev. Mr. Thomas. April 25. On Tuesday evening last, about nine o'clock, the * Patriot, October 4tb. 410 HISTORY OF CONCORD. aurora borealis presented an unusual and magnificent appearance. There was a brilliant bow in the heavens, the more effulgent horn apparently resting on a dark cloud in the eastern horizon. Light flashed upward from the bow, whilst the stars shone dimly in the sky beneath. In the south, also, waves of light flashed to the zenith. PARK STREET.* This beautiful street, which is situated immediately north of the State House yard, and overlooks the same, was opened to the public about this time, by private individuals, principally through the instrumentality of the Hon. Nathaniel G. Upham. The dwelling-houBe of Judge Upham, of which a view is here pre sented, is a fine specimen of the best architecture of this period. The house was built in 1831. At first a court was opened to it from State street, but was extended to Main street in 1834, at which time the American house was erected by Mr. John P. * So called in bonor of Stuart J. Park, Esq., architect and builder of the State House. INTERESTTNG INCIDENTS. 411 Gass and his son. This house was built in less time than any other house of its size ever before built in Concord. The site where it stands was occupied by a store called the green store, and by the house owned by the late Mr. Jacob Emmons. These buildings were moved in March- — the first a few rods west, and the other a few rods north, where they still remain. The under pinning of the American house was laid in April, and in six weeks and two days the spacious edifice was completed, and opened the first of June for the accommodation of guests. A large number of members of the Legislature obtained board there. The piazza on the front and south side of the house was built subsequently. On Sunday, May 22, during the afternoon service, a boy by the name of Benjamin Tibbetts, 13 years of age, entered the store of Dea. William Gault, and took from the money drawer the sum of $19.37 ; but before he had retreated was seized by a young man of the name of Wiggin, who was left in the store in the morning to watch. Tibbetts was examined next morning before Albe Cady, Esq., and the proof being positive against him, he was, for want of bonds to the amount of $100, committed to the jail in Hopkinton, to await his trial in September. Election Sermon. The sermon before the Executive and both branches of the Legislature, was delivered on Thursday af ternoon, June 2, at the old North Church, by Rev. Nathan Lord, D. D., President of Dartmouth College. The text was I. Cor. xiii : 5 : " Charity seeketh not her own." This was the last Elec tion sermon in New-Hampshire. The first was delivered by Rev. Dr. Samuel McClintock, of Greenland, in June, 1784, and the practice of having such a service annually was continued till this time. A motion, made by Hon. Charles F. Gove, indefinitely to postpone a resolution introduced by Benj. M. Farley, Esq., " to appoint a committee on the part of the House to select some per son to preach the Election sermon next year," was carried by 107 yeas, to 81 nays, and the good old custom henceforth ceased, to the great regret of a large portion of the citizens.* On Sunday, June 12, the lightning struck an elm tree near Mr. Charles Hutchins's, in the south part of the village ; and on * See Miscellaneous Chapter,—'1 Election" and " Election Sermons." 412 HISTORY OF CONCORD. the 19th it struck another elm, near Mr. Moses G. Atwood's. The last tree was very much shattered. About this time religious meetings, of three or four days' con tinuance, were held in many places, and attended with remark able effects in awakening attention to religious concerns. They were called " three " or " four days meetings." In the summer of 1831 there were connected with the First Congregational Society in Concord fourteen Sunday schools, taught in different parts of the parish, containing four hundred and fifty-five scholars and eighty-two teachers. In the winter one school, taught during intermission, at the meeting-house, contained three hundred scholars. The New-Hampshire Savings Bank in Concord was instituted in June, 1830. The first year the amount of deposits, by two hundred and twenty-one persons, was $19,443,25. The General Association of Congregational and Presbyterian Ministers was held at the North Meeting-house, in Concord, Sep tember 6th, 7th and 8th, 1831, and was followed by an extensive revival of religion in every part of the town. Col. Robert Ambrose, of Concord, son of Stephen Ambrose, Esq., on a visit at Boston, rode out of the city on the 20th of September in company with another gentleman, over the Mill- dam, where they met a loose horse pursued by a dog, and run ning with great rapidity, at which their horse became restive and ungovernable. The other gentleman leaped from the wagon without serious injury, but Col. Ambrose was thrown out with such violence as to fracture his skull and occasion almost imme diate death. The sad intelligence of his death was communicated to his wife and father by Rev. Mr. Bouton, early on Thursday morn ing — only a few hours before the arrival of the corpse from Boston. It was an occasion of inexpressible Borrow and anguish. The funeral took place in the afternoon of Thursday, attended by a large concourse of sympathizing friends and citizens. Col. Ambrose was thirty-four years of age — a gentleman of great activity and enterprise. For two years in succession, 1829 and INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 413 lifi 1830, he represented the town in the State Legislature. He left a wife and four children — three sons and a daughter. DEDICATION OF THE METHODIST MEETING-HOUSE. The new Metho- idist Meeting-house ^in this town was k dedicated to the ^service of Almighty J God, on Thursday, ¦ December 1,1831. K The order of exer- jcises was as fol lows: Introductory k anthem — "I was sdad," &c; intro ductory prayer, by Rev. 0. Hinds, of Chichester; read ing of the Scrip- ires, by Rev. Sam- si Kelley, pastor ; j hymn, read by Rev. I E. Stickney, Hop kinton — "Before Jehovah's awful throne," &c. ; dedicatory prayer, by Rev. J. Perkins, of Epping ; a selected hymn for the occasion, read by Rev. G. Storrs ; sermon, by Rev. G. Storrs, of Portsmouth ; hymn, read by Rev. J. Perkins, selected for the occasion ; con cluding prayer, by Rev. E. Stickney ; dismission anthem ; bene diction. The church is forty by sixty feet, including the vestibule, and has about eighty-four pews. [1832.] On Sunday night, July 15th, six convicts in the New- Hampshire State Prison, who were confined in one cell, effected their escape by splitting out a stone in the roofing of their cell, cutting a hole in the roof of the building, and letting themselves down to the wall by their blankets. All this was accomplished ™M"™""2M^^^ ii 1 Rbag 1 1 414 HISTORY OF CONCORD. with so little noise as not to alarm the sentinel on duty in the guard-room ; and the discovery was not made until Monday morning. On Tuesday four of the six- were captured near Hill's bridge, in Hopkinton, and returned to the prison. Another was taken in Grantham, and one finally escaped. On the 8th of August a public dinner was given, by his po litical friends, to Hon. Isaac Hill, at the Eagle coffee-house. Between two and three hundred joined in the festivities of the occasion. The frame of the meeting-house for the West Congregational Society in Concord was raised August 17th. Prayer was offered by Rev. Mr. Bouton. Maj. William Abbot was architect. No ardent spirits were used on the occasion. [1833.] A large wolf was killed in this town on Saturday, February 16th, within a mile of the State House. His track was discovered in the north-western part of the town, and followed by a party of hunters from the West Parish for nearly a week, until the wolf was driven into a swamp south of the village, which was surrounded, and he was Bhot by Capt. Enoch Dow, one of the party who first started in pursuit. LECTURES ON READING. A- couple of young gentlemen from Andover, Mass.,* are giv ing a course of lectures in this place upon reading. It is said that they read so well as to draw tears from the audience, even when reading the fable of the old man and rude boy ; and that at the introductory lecture, so pathetic was the enunciation, and so affecting, withal, that the audience came near being drowned out by the flood of tears !f Died in this town, June 14th, Mr. Moses Hall, aged about 50 ; an industrious and worthy citizen. Mr. Hall rose in the morning, apparently in usual health, and expired in a few min utes afterwards from disease of the heart. On the 28th of June Concord was honored by the visit of Gen. Andrew Jackson, President of the United States. Agreeably to arrangements, he was met in the afternoon on the line between Bow and Concord by a large cavalcade of citizens and strangers, » Mr. T. D. P. Stone and Mr. Fackler. f-N"- -E Patriot, April 20, 1833. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 415 and welcomed to the town by Col. Robert Davis, chairman of the town committee. A procession was formed, which moved to the Plain in Concord, and was met by eight brilliant indepen dent companies, under command of Col. Stephen Peabody, of Milford, for the purpose of escorting the President to his lodg ings. The President then left his barouche, and mounted an elegant horse, and the procession moved to the north end of Main street, down State street, through School street, to his quarters, at the Eagle coffee house. The interesting occasion called out an immense concourse of people to see the chief magistrate of the nation. It was estimated that more than ten thousand persons were in Concord on Friday. The President was exceedingly exhausted at evening, and retired to his room at an early hour. At eight o'clock on Saturday morning the troops were paraded west of the Capitol, under command of Col. Peabody, and at nine, the President, accompanied by the Gov ernor and their suites, and Adjutant General Low reviewed them ; after which, he repaired to his quarters, front of the cap- itol, when the troops formed a line from the coffee house to the east door of the capitol, and opened to the right and left, through which the President, the Vice President, his suite, Gen. Miller, Col. McNeil, several ex-governors, and other gentlemen of dis tinction, passed to pay their respects to the several branches of the civil government. On entering the Representatives' hall the President was announced by Chief Marshal Cushman. The assembly rose, and the Marshal introduced the Governor, who addressed the President, and received a pertinent and pathetic reply; after which the Governor introduced the Council and and the President of the Senate. The latter introduced the Senate and Speaker of the House. The Speaker of the House introduced the members individually. He was then greeted by several other gentlemen, and returned to his quarters amid the cheers of thousands. After a little respite the President appeared in the piazza, attended by Vice President Van Buren, Gov. Cass, Secretary of War, and Judge Woodbury, Secretary of the Navy, who were severally introduced to the multitude, with cheers of approbation. In the afternoon, at three o'clock, the President received the 416 HISTORY OF CONCORD. respects of all those citizens who wished to call on him, and visited the State Prison ; and at seven in the evening, in the area of the capitol, received the hands of nearly five hundred ladies, who thus expressed their pleasure on seeing the chief magistrate of the United States. On the Lord's day, in the forenoon, the President and the gen tlemen who accompanied him, attended religious service at the First Congregational meeting-house, and heard Rev. Mr. Bouton from the text Luke x : 20. In the afternoon they attended the Unitarian meeting, Rev. Mr. Thomas ; at four, met the Baptist and Methodist Societies at the Baptist church. Rev. Mr. Cummings offered the prayer, and Rev. Mr. Dow preached. While the President was attending worship in the old North Church, a Mr. Hewins, portrait painter, took a pencil sketch, from which he painted one of the best likenesses ever taken of the General. Among those introduced to the President in this town were two lads of from twelve to fifteen years of age, one of whom was named Isaac Andrew, the youngest son of Hon. Isaac Hill, and the name of the other Andrew Jackson. The President took them kindly by the hand, and said, " My sons, I am glad to see you ; you are fine boys, and I make you the same legacy I make to all my children — the eagle of your country." So saying, he drew from his purse, for each, a United States coin, and presenting it, added, " Here, my sons, is the eagle of your country, which during my life I have endeavored to honor and defend. Keep it in remembrance of me ; and if ever it should be assailed by a foreign or domestic foe, rally under its pinions and defend it to the last." On Monday morning, at seven o'clock, the President left this place on Wb return to Washington. He was escorted by the Concord committee, on horseback, to the town line, and on the spot where they first had the honor to receive him, opened to the right and left, dismounted and uncovered. The President, with beaver in hand, passed through, gracefully saluting the commit tee ; when their chairman, Col. Robert Davis, briefly repeated the assurances of the pleasure his visit had given, and in the INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 417 name of the committee and his fellow citizens generally, bade him " God speed." The President took him kindly by the hand, and in a few touching and eloquent words directed him to return his thanks to the committee and citizens, and assure them that their kind wishes were most heartily reciprocated. Ripe Indian corn was gathered on the premises of Hon. Isaac Hill, in this town, August 7th. The corn was the small eight rowed, planted in May, seed from Montpelier, Vt. Mr. John Estabrook, of this town, was instantly killed by the explosion of the boilers of the steamboat New-England, on the 9th of October, 1833, at Essex, near the mouth of Connecticut river. Mr. Estabrook had taken passage from New-York, ex pecting to go to Weathersfield, Connecticut, to meet his wife and child, then on a visit to the family of Amos Pillsbury, Esq., warden of the Connecticut State Prison. By the explosion of the boilers thirteen persons were killed and many more severely injured. Mr. Estabrook was probably blown off the deck into the water, whence his body was recovered in full dress. The watch in his pocket stopped at the precise moment when the explosion took place. Mr. E. was interred at Essex, but subse quently his remains were removed to the family burying ground in Hopkinton, N. H., which was his native place. He was in his 29th year. Mr. Estabrook was the eldest son of an orphan family, form erly of Hopkinton, to whom he had been, to the best of bis ability, a protector and guardian. He married Miss Emeline Abbot, youngest daughter of Mr. Nathaniel Abbot, of this town, July 6, 1829, by whom he had one child, Frederick, who died January 3, 1844,. aged 12 years. Mr. E. was a trader, — a young man of active and enterprising habits. Isaac F. Williams, of Concord, raised the present year in his garden, one hundred and twenty-four bushels of the first quality potatoes, on a little less than one fourth of an acre of land. On Sunday evening, January 12, 1834, Mr. Ephraim Pettengill was found dead, on the road north-east of Mr. Meshech Lang's, and about one fourth of a mile from his own house. An axe lay by his side, stained with blood, and the main artery of his leg, near the groin, was cut. A bottle of rum was found in his 27 418 HISTORY OF CONCORD. pocket. He started from Mr. Ambrose's store about nine o'clock, on Saturday evening, and it is supposed fell on the edge of the axe and bled to death. An elm tree now marks the spot where he was found. Died in this town, February 25, 1834, Mrs. Elizabeth Ha zeltine, aged one hundred years and six months. Mrs. H. was the oldest person that ever deceased in Concord. She was the fourth child of Mr. Nathaniel Abbot, one of the original propri etors of the town ; born July 1, 1733, old style. She married Joseph Hazeltine, and lived in the south-west part of the town, on what is now known as the " silk farm." Mrs. H. was remark able for kindness of temper, suavity of manners, vivacity of spirit, energy, and for her tenacious memory. This she retained till the last of life. She remembered and related not only early incidents in her life, with great exactness, but things that oc curred when she was seventy, eighty, and even ninety years old. On the day she was ninety-nine years old, a sermon was preached at her house by Rev. Mr. Bouton, from Psalms 71 : 9 : " Cast me not off in the time of old age; forsake me not when my strength faileth." Her hearing was then perfect, her mental faculties bright, and after meeting she held sprightly conversa tion with many neighbors who visited her. When one hundred years old another discourse was preached at her house, which was numerously attended by persons from the main village, who had the curiosity to see a centenarian. With the exception of her eye-sight, her faculties were still good. She was able to sit up in her armed chair during the whole service, and enjoyed it greatly. After the lecture she said to ber pastor — " When you preached here last year from the text in Psalms, 71 : 9, 1 did not expect that I should live to hear another sermon ; but I am thankful that the Lord has spared me to hear the word once more. To-day I am a monument of his mercy, and a witness for his goodness and forbearance." On being introduced to children and grand-children of those whom she formerly knew, she addressed them severally with great propriety — often re lating some little anecdote suited to the occasion. Mrs. H. was greatly esteemed and beloved by her neighbors — for whom, in sickness and trouble, she would cheerfully sacrifice her own com- INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 419 fort. In middle life she was once called on, in a cold winter night, when the snow was deep, to attend on a neighbor's wife, half a mile distant ; and, fastening on snow-shoes, she walked over the top of fences to the place. The following beautiful sketch of her character was written by the late Miss Mary Clark, and addressed to a friend : " We proceeded together to visit the venerable matron of ninety- seven, now probably near the close of a long and exemplary life. We found her sitting upright in her easy chair, somewhat more com fortable than she was the day previous. The dimness of her eye sight prevented her from recognizing us, but as we were successively introduced by her grand-daughter, her withered hand was extended to us with the same cordial expression of kindly feelings she was wont to manifest. The same entire trust and confidence in her heavenly Father, the same perfect resignation to his will, the same happy serenity of mind, the same desire to arrive at the end of her pilgrimage, yet the same willingness to wait God's time, are still ap parent in her ; and I might add, the same benevolent regard for her friends and neighbors, and the whole human family, which has char acterized her life and conversation. She converses with much pro priety, and seems to retain her mental faculties wonderfully, consid ering her advanced age and the sorrows of her life. There was always something peculiarly pleasant in visiting her. Her humility of mind ; her calm, unobtrusive piety ; the sweetness of her disposi tion ; the affability and dignity of her manners, and her intelligent conversation, rendered her society highly interesting. Her's is the evening of a well spent life ; an evening without clouds, over which the bright assemblage of her Christian virtues sheds a delightful radiance. And how has she attained this excellence of character ? Has it not been by continued perseverance in the way of well doing ? Doubtless she has had her conflicts with temptation, her sorrows for sin; she has felt her own weakness, she has lamented her own frailty ; but she has been led to the Rock that was higher than she, — she has trusted in the arm that was stronger than hers, — she has believed in Him who is the way, the truth and the life, — she has followed him, and he has owned and blessed her, and will undoubtedly save her with an everlasting salvation: And why may not we do likewise ? What hinders us from walking by the same rule, from minding the same thing ? The same aids are proffered to us, the same Almighty Power remains to hold us up, that we may he safe from sin and temptation ; we also may die the death of this right eous woman, and have our last end be like hers, if we will be careful to live as she has lived, by faith in the Son of God. What though we are weak ? He is mighty. What though we are tempted ? He can deliver. He can be touched with a feeling of our infirmities, for he was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin. Let us therefore come boldly to the Throne of Grace, that we may obtain 420 HISTORY OF CONCORD. mercy, and find grace to help in time of need. Let us lay aside every weight and the sin which doth easily beset us, and let us run with patience the race that is set before us, looking unto Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith, who, for the joy that was set before him, endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God." " ' True, 'tis a strait and thorny road, And mortal spirits tire and taint, Bat they forget the mighty God Who feeds the strength of every saint.' " An Irish emigrant, in a dying state, was found in the barn of Samuel Simpson, of this town, on the 9th of July, and shortly afterwards expired. He was apparently about thirty-five years of age. It was supposed that the cause of his death was the fatigue of travelling on a day of such extreme heat, and his having drank too freely of cold water. He was respectably interred in the common burying-ground, by the town authorities of Concord. Died in this town, May 26, of pulmonary consumption, Miss Lydia C. Farnum, daughter of Mr. Ephraim Farnum, aged twenty-seven. She was distinguished for a bright and active mind, a highly finished education, uncommon aptness to teach, personal beauty, and, above all, for christian excellence. Her death was peaceful and happy. An unsuccessful attempt was made on the night of July 4 to rob the Concord Bank. The outer door was entered, but the robbers were unsuccessful in forcing the vault. CONCORD PRICES CURRENT OF FURS, BY I. C. BRADLEY. Red Fox, prime, $0,75 to 91,12 XFox, " 2,00" 2,50 Silver, " 6,00 " 10,00 Sable, " 25 " 1,06 Mink, " 10 « 45 Fisher, " 75 « 1,50 Otter, " 5,00" 7,00 House Cat, " 6 " 17 Rear, « 3;00 " 4,00 Cubs, " 75 « i;00 Raccoon, " 6 " 25 At Concord, the 4th of July was celebrated by two political parties — both branches of the Legislature joining in the fes tivities, according to political predilections. Processions were INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 421 formed of the friends of the Administration at the State House, and of the Whigs at the Court Honse. The first proceeded to the Brick meeting-house, where Mr. Theopbilus Fisk, a minister of the denomination of Universalists, delivered an oration. The latter proceeded to the North Meeting-house,- where Leonard Wilcox, Esq., of Orford, delivered an address. Each party had its dinner, toasts and speeches. MECHANICS' BANE. The first meeting of the grantees of the Mechanics' Bank was held at the Eagle coffee-house, on. Tuesday, August 12, 1834, Joseph M. Harper in the chair, and the following board of di rectors was chosen : Nathaniel G. Upham, Peter Ronton, Horatio Hill, Joseph M. Harper, Nathaniel Curtis, Abner B. Kelly, Arlond Carroll. At a subsequent meeting of the directors, Hon. Nathaniel G. Upham was chosen president, and George Minot cashier. A public dinner was given in Concord, by the Whigs of New- Hampshire, on the 30th of September, to the Hon. Samuel Bell, of Chester, Senator in Congress. A splendid pavilion was erected for the occasion, on the common in School street, and about six hundred persons sat down to the dinner. The speakers were Hon. Daniel Webster, John Holmes, of Maine, Ichabod Bartlett, and Senator Bell. Col. Amos A. Brewster, of Hanover, presided at the table; grace was invoked by Rev. Moses G. Thomas, of Concord, and the toasts were read by George Kent, Esq. September 8, 1834, Abraham Prescott, a young man charged with the murder of Mrs. Sally Cochran, both of Pembroke, was tried before the Court of Common Pleas, held (on account of the large concourse of people) in the old North Meeting-House in Concord. He was found guilty, but allowed a new trial. The second trial took place at the same place, September 8, 1835, and on Saturday, the 12th, at nine, A. M., the jury came into court with a verdict of guilty. Sentence of death was pronounced by Judge Upham on Monday, September 14, and the time of his execution fixed on the 23d of December, between the hours of ten and twelve o'clock. A reprieve was granted by 422 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Gov. William Badger till the 6th of January, 1836, when Pres cott was executed, by hanging, at Hopkinton, in the presence of a large concourse of people. Died in this town, October 30th, Mrs. Anna Willey, at the advanced age of one hundred years, wanting a few days. Through life she enjoyed uniform health, and, until within a few years of her decease, contributed of her own handiwork in the family of her son, Dea. James Willey, with whom she resided. Her age was ninety-nine years, eleven months and six days. The new prison, or north wing of the State Prison, was com pleted this year. It is composed of granite, one hundred and twenty-seven feet long and thirty-seven feet wide. The walls are from twenty to twenty-four inches thick and twenty-five feet high. The whole cost was $17,533,75. CHAPTER XV. HISTORY OF CONCORD FROM 1835 TO 1845. The first part of the period of our history from 1835 to 1845, is distinguished for nothing so much as the remarkable spirit of speculation, amounting almost to a mania, which extensively pre vailed. It was awakened about the beginning of the year 1835, in relation to lands in the State of Maine, and soon extended to real estate in all the principal cities and villages of New-England. Visionary schemes were projected, airy hopes raised, and extrav agant sums paid for land, with the expectation of amassing thereby a large fortune. Lots in Concord, valued at from forty to sixty dollars per acre, suddenly rose to twice and five times that sum; purchases were made — generally on credit — and many lots changed owners. Associations were formed of gentle men who had by their industry laid up a few hundred or thousand dollars, and the whole placed at stake in a speculating race for wealth. In 1837 the crisis waa reached, the bubble burst, and a large part of all who had enlisted in the enterprise found their money gone, without an equivalent. The loss to persons in Con cord, principally by speculation in eastern lands, was estimated at from seventy-five to one hundred thousand dollars. The con sequence was, a pecuniary embarrassment which lasted long afterwards, and from which some never recovered. In the mean time the common affairs of the town proceeded in their usual order. As a means of security in case of fires, the selectmen were authorized, in 1835, to purchase two fire engines of a large size, for the use of Main street, and to locate those then on Main street, one at the East and one at the West village. 424 HISTORY OF CONCORD. On recommendation of the selectmen, school district No. 12 was divided and a new district formed on the Dark Plain, (No. 22,) " consisting of the inhabitants living on the turnpike from Philip Stevens's to Pembroke line, from the turnpike to Loudon line, and from the turnpike to Pembroke line, on the Sheep road, so called." A school-house was subsequently built at the angle of the turnpike and Loudon road. The superintending school committee reported this year the whole number of scholars 1049, in the winter schools, kept by male teachers. Of that number, besides reading and spelling, there were writers, 425 ; mental arithmetic, '239 ; written arith metic, 223 ; grammar, 175 ; geography, 228 ; history, 40 ; philosophy, 25 ; chemistry, 7 ; astronomy, 7 ; Watts on the mind, 5 ; algebra and geometry, 9. SMALL POX. During the months of August and September, 1835, four cases of small pox occurred in town. The patients were removed to a retired situation, about two miles from the main village (to a house on the Bog road.) One case only proved fatal, viz., Abiel E. Thompson, aged 38, died September 20th. But in consequence of the general alarm produced by this disease in the -community, the town, in 1836, adopted a law of the State, passed June 27, 1835, for the prevention of the small pox, and appointed Dr. Ezra Carter agent for vaccinating all the inhabit ants of the town. The selectmen were authorized to demand the highest sum of showmen in all cases, and to withhold licenses for the sale of ardent spirits. By order of the town, land was purchased of Gen. Robert Davis for a burying ground in the West Parish, north of the meeting-house, at a cost of $190.83. The first person buried therein was Mr. Orlando Brown, taverner in. the West village, who deceased December 12th, aged 54. RAILROAD STOCK. At a special town meeting, October 10, 1836, William A. Kent, Robert Davis and Joseph Low, having charge of the par sonage and school funds, were authorized to invest the same in THE SURPLUS REVENUE. 425 two hundred shares* of the Concord Railroad. The same com mittee were " empowered and directed, for and in behalf of the town, to subscribe for five hundred shares of Concord Railroad stock, and to borrow a sum not exceeding $30,000 at not more than six per cent, interest, redeemable after the year 1845." The same committee were appointed to make application to the Legislature, at its ensuing session in November, " to empower the town of Concord to procure a loan of $30,000, or any less sum, to be invested by the town in the stock of the Concord Railroad." At a town meeting, held November 7th, on the question, " Is it expedient for the State to grant an appropriation to build an Insane Hospital 1" there were five hundred and fifty-three yeas, and sixteen nays. 1837. SURPLUS REVENUE. At a special meeting, January 30, 1837, " Voted, That the town will receive from the Treasurer of the State the portion allotted to it of the public money of the United States, deposited with this State, agreeably to the act providing for the disposition of the public money, passed January 13, 1837." Isaac Hill was at the same time appointed agent in behalf of the town, to receive from time to time the town'3 portion of the aforesaid money, as it should become due ; to receipt for the same, and " to pledge the faith of the town for the safe keeping and their payment of the same when demanded by the State treasurer." " Voted, That the act of the Legislature of New-Hampshire, passed January 14, 1837, authorizing the town of Concord to hire money to be vested in the Concord Railroad stock, be accepted by the town." At the same meeting the vote of the town, authorizing William A. Kent, -Robert Davis and. Joseph Low, to subscribe for shares in the aforesaid stock, and to borrow $30,000 on the credit of the town, was renewed ; and they were directed to borrow from the agent of the surplus revenue " the portion allotted to the * One hundred and ten shares were purchased with the parsonage fund, and ninety for the school fund. 426 HISTORY OF CONCORD. town " as it became due, " for the payment of assessments on said railroad shares." The agent was authorized to loan the money to the committee, and to take a certificate from them that they had received the same for investment in the aforesaid stock. At the annual meeting in March the above committee reported that they had received from the agent of the town the first instal ment of the surplus revenue, amounting to $4,287. From this had been paid, in part of an assessment on six hundred shares in Concord Railroad stock, $900, and the remainder, $3,927, loaned for the benefit of the town at legal interest, on a note signed by Joseph Low, George Hutchins, George Kent, Amos Wood, Asaph Evans, Samuel Fetcher, N. G. Upham and Samuel Evans. The next year the committee reported three instalments paid to the town, amounting to $14,481. Stringent regulations were adopted for security against fires ; no horses, cattle, sheep or swine were permitted to go at large within the limits of the town. The selectmen were instructed to " cause the hay scales, standing in the highway at the corner of Main and Pleasant streets, to be forthwith removed ;" to pub lish the warrant for the next annual town meeting in two public newspapers of the town ; and to purchase a" hearse and pall for the new burying ground at the West Village, and build a house for the same. 1838-9. On the question, " Is it expedient to revise the Constitution ?" there were seven yeas, and two hundred and seventy nays. Abiel Walker, Richard Bradley and Isaac Dow, a committee to sell lands on the town farm, reported that they " had sold and conveyed to Daniel Farnum the water power, with about two and a half acres of land and a right of way to the same, for $550." A part of the literary fund was this year appropriated to " em ploy a teacher to instruct in penmanship in the several school districts in town." At a special meeting, June 15, 1839, it was voted, " That the income, — after it shall have been accepted by the trustees of the Asylum for the Insane, — accruing from the surplus revenue of the United States, now received by the town of Concord, be ap- INSANE HOSPITAL CONCORD RAILROAD. 427 propriated to the use of the Insane Hosptial for the term of twenty years, provided said hospital shall be located within the limits of this town." Robert Davis, William A. Kent and Joseph Low, were appointed a committee to secure said sum to the trustees of the hospital. A great interest was felt by the citizens generally, and espe cially of the main village, in the location of the Hospital for the Insane. At a meeting, June 15, a committee of the town was appointed to show Jthe State Committee of Location " the several sites in town proposed for the location and erection of the insti tution." This committee consisted of William A. Kent, Richard Bradley, Jonathan Eastman, Theodore T. Abbot, Cyrus Barton, Ezra Carter, Lewis Downing, Joseph Eastman, jr., Timothy Chandler and Abraham Bean. The sites which were examined were, Mr. Jacob Hoyt's place, on the Mountain, so called; John Glover's, on the Pembroke road, south-east of Concord bridge ; Josiah Stevens's, near the Bradley monument ; the Em ery lot, owned by E. S. Towle, including upland and interval, at the place called ' Paradise ;' also, a lot owned by Francis N. Fisk, on the west side of the road, opposite the Emery lot ; and the lot owned by Benjamin Gale and Elisha Morrill, which was finally selected as the location. The chief competition of those interested in locating the hospital was between the Emery place and the Gale lot. The sum actually appropriated next year from the surplus revenue for the Asylum for the Insane was $9,500 — leaving available for other purposes, $6,293,18.* The interest in the Concord Railroad had by this time risen to such a pitch that William A. Kent, Robert Davis and Joseph Low, as committee, were empowered and directed, in behalf of the town, to subscribe for two thousand shares of the Concord Railroad stock, and to borrow a sum not exceeding $100,000, redeemable after the year 1850, " the interest on said loan to be paid from the income of the road," or otherwise, as found expe dient ! This amount of stock was not taken, and as the enthusiasm for the railroad cooled down, the town, having paid an assessment of * See Auditors' Report, 1841. 428 HISTORY OF CONCORD. ' on six hundred shares already subscribed for, finally, in 1841, transferred " all their right and title to said six hundred shares to the Trustees of the Concord Literary Institution, to relieve them of their debts and liabilities ;" at the same time deciding to " carry on two hundred shares of said stock ;" but subsequent ly the committee having in charge the town funds were instructed to sell one hundred shares of this stock, leaving one hundred shares only, which also were finally disposed of by the commit tee.* 1840. In 1840 the town voted, " That so much of the interest of the surplus revenue fund as shall be necessary for the purpose, shall be appropriated to pay the poll tax of the town !" Five hundred dollars were appropriated to be laid out on Dimond's hill, for repair and improvement of the road ; one hun dred and fifty dollars to build an engine house, and a sum not to exceed five thousand dollars, from the surplus revenue, " to pay the debts of the town." The whole amount of the surplus rev enue in March, 1840, including principal and interest which had accrued, was $16,886,84. CONCORD BANK FAILURE. About this time (June, 1840,) the failure of the Concord bank occurred, in consequence of which a portion of the Par sonage fund, that is, thirteen shares of the bank stock, amounting to $1,326,25, and a portion of the School fund, (ten shares,) equal to $1,020,25, was rendered worthless. 1842. At the annual town meeting, 1842, Josiah Stevens, Jr., Joseph Low, Robert Davis, Luther Roby and William Restieaux, were appointed a committee " to purchase so much land as may be necessary for a cemetery or burying ground, in connection with the one near the old North Church," to fence and ornament the same, and five hundred dollars were appropriated for that purpose. Robert Davis and Joseph Low, the committee who had for *See Town Records, 1841-2. APPROPRIATIONS FOR A CEMETERY. 429 several years had in charge the town funds, resigned; and Samuel Coffin, Francis N. Fisk and Seth Eastman were appointed in their place. The average number of paupers at the town farm the past year was only sixteen, and the expense for each pauper eighteen dollars and seventy-nine cents. In consequence of disturbances which had occurred for several years on the fourth of July, (especially in the evening,) by the assembling of numerous unknown individuals, endangering the property and in some cases the lives of the citizens, the several constables and fire-wards of the town were appointed " to keep the peace, and to assist in quelling any and all disturbances in and about Concord main village, on said fourth of July and at other times." 1843. At the annual meeting in March, 1843, the committee on the burying-ground made the following report: " The committee appointed at your last annual meeting to pur chase land for a cemetery near the North Meeting-house, and fence the same, have attended to the duty assigned them, and have ex pended the following sums, viz. : Paid for land, . 8127,50 " " lumber, 108,23 " " stone posts, iron bolts, building fence, making road, and other labor and ser vices, 321,10 Making in the whole, $556,83 Tour committee would state, that they deem the quantity of land which they have purchased and enclosed with the old grave yard, equal to the public wants for half a century ; that the whole, with the exception of the front, is enclosed with a fence as durable as they could construct of stone, iron and wood; that the front, until re cently, has been occupied with sheds, which have prevented your committee from fencing the same ; that a part of the sheds have recently been removed, and consequently the grave-yard is at this time entirely unprotected on the front ; and your committee sincerely hope that immediate measures will be taken to complete this work. Luther Roby, William Restieaux, \- Committee." Joseph Low, "I 430 HISTORY OF CONCORD. An additional sum, not exceeding one hundred and fifty dollars, was appropriated to finish the fence around the grave-yard, and the horse-sheds were ordered to be removed. The next year the cemetery was laid out in lots or plats, for the use of families, according to a plan drawn by Capt. Benjamin Parker, under direction of the committee of the town. The committee were authorized to convey a right or title to such lots to any individual, at their discretion, at such price as they deemed proper, not to exceed the sum of ten dollars ; — to enter the name of the individual upon the number of the plan corres ponding with his lot, and to give him a certificate, which, when entered and recorded by the town-clerk, in a record kept for the purpose, his title to such lot shall be absolute and exclusive.* The town also voted to " accept the donation of a lot of land from Mr. Charles Smart, for a burying-ground, and the select men be authorized to fence the same." This lot lies easterly, at the foot of Stickney's hill, so called, and near the road that runs across from the Stickney Hill road to the old Dunbarton road. Jonathan Stickney, who formerly owned the land, died of the small pox, November 19, 1792, and through a fear of spread ing the infection he was buried by his friends in that retired spot ; as were, also, subsequently other members of the Stickney family. Mr. Smart bought the land of the heirs of Mr. Stickney, and made a donation of it to the town for the purpose specified. The selectmen were directed to take a conveyance to the town from Abraham Bean of the property which was conveyed to him by Benjamin Green, and to settle with Mr. Bean agreeably to the conditions of his bond to the town, relating to that prop erty.! By a vote of the town the selectmen were " authorized to send to the New-Hampshire Asylum for the Insane, at their discretion, any or all insane persons who are now or may become chargeable to the town." Strict police regulations were this year adopted, respecting the * See Records, 1844. t This Benjamin Green is an Englishman by birth, a native or Yorkshire, aged at this time 61 years. He 6perit several years with the Shakers at Canterbury, left them, married and settled in Concord. He is subject to seasons of mental derangement, fancying himself a mon arch, and authorized to put down all usurpation. Be is now an inmate of the Insane Hos pital. TOWN ORDINANCES. 431 extinguishment of fires and safe keeping of gunpowder ; no per son being allowed to keep more than twenty-five pounds. Among the offences against the police laws of towns, which were prohib ited with suitable penalties, were the following : No person shall make any brawls or tumults in any street or public place ; or be guilty of any rude, indecent or disorderly conduct ; or insult or wantonly impede any person passing in the streets. No person shall sing or repeat any lewd, obscene or profane song, or write or mark in any manner any obscene or profane word or obscene or lascivious figure or representation on any building, fence, wall, or any thing whatever. No person shall wantonly injure or deface any building, or cut or injure any tree standing in the highway, or rob any garden or field of fruit or vegetables. No person shall use any juggling or unlawful games or plays, or play at any game for money or other property. No one within the compact part of the town shall fire or discharge any cannon, gun or pistol, or beat any drum (without authority from a military officer) or fire any rockets, squibs or crackers, except by permis sion of the police. Nor shall any person bathe or swim, undress ing for that purpose, in the day time, within view of any dwelling- house. If any person shall be found drunk in any street, or other public place ; or shall be a common street-walker or prosti tute, such person shall be punished therefor : and no person shall sell, give or furnish to any pauper, or person committed to any house of correction, or to any spendthrift or idle person, under guardianship, any spirituous liquor. At a town meeting, May 27, 1843, the following resolution, offered by Asa Fowler, Esq., was adopted : " Resolved, That the selectmen be requested to grant the use of the Town-hall for the purpose of meetings, to any citizen or citizens who may apply for the same, without regard to the particular religious, political, or other sentiments, if such citizen or citizens will be responsible that the public property shall not be injured by such use." 1844. Failing to elect representatives this year, the town voted "That Franklin Pierce, Richard Bradley and William Low, Esqs., be a committee, with instructions to apply for leave to be 432 HISTORY OF CONCORD. heard in behalf of the town before the Legislature," on the sub ject of a new proportion of public taxes. One hundred dollars were appropriated for building one or more reservoirs on Main street, between Francis N. Fisk's and Porter Blanchard's. On the question taken at a town meeting, November 4th, "Is it expedient to abolish capital punishment ?" yeas four hundred and three, nays one hundred and fifty-four. On the question, "Is it expedient to alter the Constitution?" yeas four hundred and eighty-seven, nays one hundred and sev enty-three. A lot of Parsonage land near Little pond, containing nine and a half acres, was sold to Daniel Farnum for $237,50. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES RELATIVE TO THIS PERIOD. [1835.] A company, called the " Sewall's Falls Locks and Canal Corporation," took active measures, at the beginning of the year, to construct a canal from Sewall's falls to the East village in Concord, for the purpose of carrying on manufacturing operations. A dam was constructed at the falls above Sewall's island, and a canal commenced at the same place, to terminate near Federal bridge. Both were left in an unfinished state, and the whole enterprise failed, with a heavy loss to the corporation. As John Shepard, of this town, stage proprietor, was riding in an open wagon to Hooksett, on Wednesday, January 21st, the harness broke while descending a hill. The horse ran, over turned the wagon, and threw Mr. Shepard out, whose leg was broken by the fall. Another person in the wagon escaped with out much injury. May Day. The return of this anniversary was celebrated in fine style by the members of the " Concord Literary Institution." INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 433 The scholars assembled at the Court House early in the morning ; then made an excursion into the neighboring fields and woods, in search of flowers. Upon their return the court-room was taste fully decorated with evergreens and artificial fruit trees, and tables spread loaded with bountiful provisions. At half past six in the evening the pupils again assembled. A beautiful hymn, composed for the occasion, was sung, and an address on social habits was delivered by the principal, Mr. T. D. P. Stone. The festivities of the evening then commenced, accompanied with music, and continued until about nine o'clock, under the form of a festive social party. Died in this town, June 7th, Mrs. Nancy Hazen Brigham, aged forty-two, relict of Mr. Levi Brigham, of Boston, and daughter of the late Capt. Richard Ayer. For the last twenty- five days of her life she endured the most intense sufferings from a total obstruction of the intestinal passage. The disorder had been gradually increasing for the last ten months. She bore her sufferings with remarkable patience and equanimity, sustained by the hope of a blessed immortality through Jesus Christ. On Wednesday, June 17th, agreeably to appointment by the New-Hampshire Legislature, Hon. Nathaniel G. Upham deliv ered an eulogy, in the old North Meeting-house, commemorative of the life and services of Gen. LaFayette. The address occu pied one hour and forty minutes in the delivery. It was well and ably written. Two hymns, composed for the occasion by Hon. Philip Carrigain, were sung — one by the choir and the other by Mr. George W. Dixon. The discourse was published by order of the Legislature. In June a company was incorporated in this town, with a capital of $75,000, for the manufacture of silk. Albe Cady, Esq., was chosen president, Moses G. Atwood corresponding secretary, and G. Parker Lyon, treasurer. Albe Cady, Isaac Hill, Abner B. Kelly, Stephen Brown, Samuel Evans, Charles Smart and John Whipple, were chosen directors. The farm for merly owned by Ballard Hazeltine, Esq., in the south-west part of the town, near Turkey pond, was purchased for the pur pose. The house was handsomely repaired and several hundred 28 434 HISTORY OF CONCORD. mulberry trees set out. Silk was manufactured in small quanti ties for a few years, and the business was then relinquished. THE MORMONS. On Tuesday and Friday evenings, June 25th and 28th, one of this sect — a Mr. Green — held forth in the Town Hall; and he proposed to continue his lectures until he had given a full exposition of the doctrines and practices of what he termed the " Church of the Latter Day Saints." He made no converts in this town to his new doctrine. In the summer of 1835 Mr. George Thompson, a celebrated anti-slavery lecturer from England, came to this country. In the month of August he visited Concord, and caused great ex citement by his denunciations of slavery, and of all those who did not embrace his views on the subject. On Thursday eve ning, September 3d, a public meeting was held at the Court House, agreeably to a call signed by seventy-four citizens of Concord, at which Ralph Metcalf, Esq., presided, and George W. Ela and Joseph Robinson were secretaries. The meeting was numerously attended, composed of persons of both political parties — Democrats and Whigs. Addresses were made by Hon. Isaac Hill and Samuel Fletcher, Esq!, of Concord, and Hon. Ichabod Bartlett, of Portsmouth. Resolutions were adopted, of which the third was as follows : " Resolved, That we behold with indignation and disgust the intru sion upon us of foreign emissaries, paid by the money of open enemies to our form of government, who are traversing the country, assailing its institutions and distracting the quiet of "the people." The next day the friends of Mr. Thompson posted up hand bills, giving notice that a meeting would be holden on Friday evening, at seven o'clock, at the Court House, to be attended by George Thompson and John G. Whittier, when the principles, views and operations of the abolitionists would be explained. This notice produced a general and intense excitement, which it was evident would end in disturbance and tumult, should the meeting be held. Seeing this state of things Gen. Robert Davis, chairman of the board of selectmen, called on George Kent, Esq., a friend of Mr. Thompson, and advised that the meeting INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 435 should not be held. He also directed Mr. Constable Bean to close the door of the Town Hall — the door of the Court Room (in the same building) being also closed by the sheriff. At the hour appointed, however, persons of both parties began to as semble around the Town Hall. Soon three men were seen approaching, of whom one was supposed to be Thompson — the other two being Whittier, and Joseph H. Kimball, editor of the Herald of Freedom. These three were immediately assailed by the multitude with tumultuous shouts. Dirt and gravel were thrown at them, and they were followed up Washington street, down State street, to the house of Col. William A. Kent, when the people were assured that Thompson was not one of the number. Next the multitude — about two hundred — went to the house of George Kent, Esq., where Thompson was hospitably entertained. Aware of their approach, Thompson left the house, and Mr. Kent also withdrew, leaving the house in charge of Mrs. Kent. Just at this time Gen. Davis arrived, and ascer taining that Thompson was not in the house, and that Mrs. Kent was sick, notified the people accordingly; assured them that Thompson would not attempt to lecture on anti-slavery in town ; that their assembling under such circumstances might be deemed riotous, and requested them at once to desist and withdraw. Col. Philip Carrigain seconded the motion, and, lifting his hands and voice, cried, " Come, let us go !" All moved off together ; but, constructing an effigy, they paraded it through the principal streets, and afterward burnt it in the State House yard, concluding the whole with a display of fire-works and discharge of cannon.* On Wednesday evening, December 23d, a fire was discovered in the garret of Hill's brick building, which originated from a defect in the chimney. The night was intensely cold — the wind blowing fresh from the north-west, and the thermometer twenty degrees below zero. As soon as the fire was discovered Mr. C. R. Winter, clerk in the Patriot counting-room, and J. R. Whit- temore, clerk in Brown's book-store, rushed into the garret, which was filled with smoke and flame, and by well directed efforts extinguished the fire, which otherwise must have rapidly spread and caused immense loss of property. * See JV. H. Patriot, September 7, 1835, and Herald of Freedom. 436 HISTORY OF CONCORD. [1836.] A meeting was held at the Court House, on Thurs day, March 31st, on the subject of a hospital for the insane — Richard Bradley, Esq., in the chair, and Dr. Ezra Carter secre tary. After the passage of resolutions approving of the object, the following delegates were chosen to attend the meeting at Portsmouth, on Wednesday, April 3d : Nathaniel Bouton, Hall Burgin, Joseph Low, Charles H. Peaslee, Thomas Chadbourne, Richard Bradley, Theodore French, Ezra Carter, William Kent, Benjamm Gale, Timothy Chandler, Cyrus Barton, George W. Ela, Jacob B. Moore, E. E. Cummings, Samuel Herbert and William Gault. At this meeting Charles H. Peaslee, Esq., who from the first had manifested a deep interest in the establishment of an asylum for the insane, made an able and effective speech in behalf of the object. Gov. Isaac Hill also recommended the subject strongly in his message to the legislature in June, 1836. Rev. George B. Cheever, of Salem, Mass., author of the famous " Dream about Dea. Giles's Distillery," by invitation delivered a temperance address in the old North Meeting-house, on the annual Fast-day, in April. Opposition was shown by sundry persons in the rum interest, and in the evening a party of them — about seven in number — passed through Main street in a noisy manner, and, stopping before Rev. Mr. Bouton's house, where Mr. Cheever was, assailed the front door — shaking it vio lently and calling for the man " who dreamed a dream !" The police soon coming, the party withdrew to the State House yard, where they burnt a man of straw in honor of Mr. Cheever! The next day the rioters were arrested, tried before Albe Cady, Esq., and fined three dollars each. On Friday evening, June 10th, Samuel E. Cones, Esq., of Portsmouth, delivered a very interesting address in the Repre sentatives' hall, upon the nature and extent of insanity, and the best method of treating it — enforcing the utility, importance and necessity of a hospital for the insane in this State. The thermometer on Friday, July 8th, was snug up to one hundred degrees in the shade.* The joiners' shop belonging to Capt. John Miller, on State * Jf. H. Patriot. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 437 street, in this town, was entirely consumed on Friday, August 26th. The loss was about $300, and no insurance. The fire was discovered about eleven o'clock in the forenoon, and in thirty minutes the building was demolished and the fire extin guished. The house, which was connected with the shop, had a narrow escape. A printer by the name of Charles Watrous, boarding at the Merrimack hotel, committed suicide by taking laudanum, on Thursday, September 22d. He lately published a paper at Chelsea, Vt., and his valedictory article bears evidence that he had for some time labored under insanity. He was a man of intemperate habits, aged about 36. DEDICATION OF THE SOUTH CONGREGATIONAL MEETING-HOUSE. [1837.] On the 1st of February the house erected for the use of the South Congrega tional Church and Society was ded- W icated to the wor- P ship of God. The t building is of B wood, with a base- s ment of stone — 77 feet in length |, and 64 in width, and has one hun dred and eight pews on the low er floor. In the basement is a con venient vestry, 64 feet in length and 36 in breadth. In ipfront of the vestry are two rooms de signed for stores. The house was built under the direction of 438 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Capt. Philip Watson. The whole expense of the house was about $10,000. The body of a man was found in the Merrimack river, July 13th, in the south part of the town, too much decayed to be recognized ; but from some articles found with it, it is supposed to be that of John Givens, a native of Ireland, who was missing some time in November last, and supposed at the time to have been drowned in the river. [1838.] Died in this town, in February, Mrs. Lucia Anne, wife of George Kent, Esq., and daughter of the late Hon. Daniel Farrand, of Burlington, Vt., aged thirty-nine. Mrs. Kent was a woman of uncommon decision and energy of character, com bined with cultivated taste and religious sentiment. As a wife, mother, sister and friend, she was greatly esteemed and beloved. A friend and helper of the poor and afflicted, and ardent in all benevolent enterprizes, her charity always reached to the full extent of her means. For several years she was president of the Concord Female Anti-Slavery Society, in which cause she evinced great zeal and resolution. In a period of unusual ex citement, in 1835, she showed her decision, in opposition to pre vailing prejudices against the blacks, by taking a colored woman with her into church, and sitting by her side in the same pew. When Mr. Kent's house was assailed in search of George Thompson, Mrs. Kent, in feeble health, boldly went to the door, asked what they wanted, and assured them Mr. Thompson was not there. At the time of her decease she was a member of the South Congregational Church. Her funeral was attended by a large concourse of people. A lad by the name of J. Q. Symonds, aged ten years, was drowned July 10th, a little above Concord bridge, while bathing. He was in the water but about fifteen minutes, yet all attempts to resuscitate him were fruitless. A direct line of stages leaves the Phenix Hotel, Concord, for Hampton Beach, Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, at seven o'clock in the forenoon. Fare, two dollars and fifty cents. Nathaniel Ewer, Jr., living in the north part of this town, was drowned in Lovejoy's mill-pond while bathing, on Sunday after noon, July 29th, aged sixteen. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 439 Died, August 9th, Mr. Joseph Bickford, aged sixty-nine. His death was occasioned by falling backwards from a wagon and breaking the spine of his neck. The accident occurred in East Concord, on the road to Canterbury, near the foot of the long hill south of Jacob Hoit's. NEW-HAMPSHIRE ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE. The first meeting of this corporation was held, agreeably to public notice, at the Grecian hall, (in the Eagle coffee-house,) August 14th. Richard H. Ayer was chairman, and Samuel E. Coues, of Portsmouth, secretary pro tern. The act of incor poration was adopted, and a committee of five appointed to draft by-laws, regulations, &c, viz. : Daniel M. Durell, of Dover ; John H. Steele, of Peterborough ; Charles J. Fox, of Nashua ; Joel Parker, of Keene ; Charles H. Peaslee, of Concord. BALLOON ASCENSION. Mr. L. A. Lauriat, a foreigner, proposed a grand balloon ascension in Concord, with his little son in company, September 11th. He was not, however, wholly successful in filling the balloon with gas ; but just as it began to rise from the ground Mr. Amasa Powell, of Concord, jumped into the car and went up some two hundred feet, and made a safe descent two miles distant, south of the village. On the 21st of' September Mr. Lauriat made a successful and grand ascension. His balloon, completely filled with gas, rose from the ground near the State House, about five o'clock in the afternoon, in the midst of an immense throng of spectators, and slowly and majestically as cended with the daring aeronaut about five thousand feet, moving in a north-westerly direction ; then it changed to the north-east and went directly over the Shaker village in Canterbury, when a rope was thrown out, by which the balloon was pulled down. After partaking of the Shakers' hospitality, Mr. Lauriat again ascended, and was borne away toward Northfield, where he de scended at six and a half o'clock, sixteen miles from Concord. The greatest altitude he reached was eleven thousand feet. A part of the time he was far above the clouds ; at other times in the midst of them, and was wet to the skin by vapor. 440 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Died at the hospital, in Boston, of typhus fever, November 6th, Isaac Shute, Jr., son of Mr. Isaac Shute, of this town, aged twenty-four. Young Shute was a youth of much prom ise, enterprise and intelligence, and his death was deeply de plored. Died in this town, on Friday evening, November 9, 1838, Mrs. Elizabeth McFarland, aged 58 years, widow of the late Rev. Asa McFarland, D. D. Mrs. McFarland was born in Bos ton, March 19, 1780; the only daughter of Mr. Bartholomew and Mrs. Susanna Sewall Kneeland. Her grand-father, Samuel Sewall, of York, Me., was a kinsman of the distinguished chief justice Samuel Sewall, of Massachusetts. She was married to Mr. McFarland in September, 1803. Possessed naturally of superior endowments of mind and heart ; with a good education, refined manners, and of singular conscientiousness, humility and devotion of spirit, Mrs. McFarland rendered herself eminently useful in the station which she occupied. In her domestic rela tions she was a pattern of industry, order, frugality and diligence. Rising early at all seasons of the year, she spent a season in private devotion, before other members of the family were up ; thus, as she said, she was prepared and strengthened for the duties of the day. In the instruction of her children, she usually went over with them the studies they were pursuing at school ; but most assiduously taught them lessons from the holy Scriptures, and aimed to form within them right moral and relig ious principles, and to mould them to habits of virtue and piety. By her charity, her self-denial, simplicity in dress and manners, her eminent social qualities, and, above all, by that " orna ment of a meek and quiet spirit," which she always wore, she greatly endeared herself to all who knew her, without ever exciting the envy of any. Mrs. McFarland was one of those who not only " devised," but executed " liberal things." She first suggested the plan of the New-Hampshire Cent Institu tion, in 1804, and of the Concord Female Charitable Society, in January, 1812. With her commenced the first offerings made in Concord for foreign missions. She originated the first female prayer meeting held in town ; and by her agency, especially, was the monthly female prayer meeting established INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 441 in the First Church, in 1816, which is sustained till this time. After the death of her husband, less occupied with domestic cares, Mrs. McFarland spent a greater portion of her time, each day, in religious devotions and active christian duties for the wel fare of others. The north chamber, of her house was her closet, which seemed to all who entered it to be hallowed by her devout spirit. In her last sickness, of lingering consumption, she enjoyed in a remarkable degree the presence of her Redeemer and the consolations of his religion. She died in the complete triumph of faith, and in joyful expectation of a glorious immor tality. Of the many excellent women that have adorned society in Concord, at different periods, and whose memory is precious, it may be said in respect of her without envy, " Many daughters have done virtuously, but thou excellest them all." On the white monument erected by her children to her mem ory in the ancient burying ground, are inscribed the fit words of the Saviour — " She hath done what she could."* Mr. Henry Farley died in this town, November 23d, in con sequence of a fall of a few feet from a ladder in the wood-shed of his house, striking the back part of his head upon a box, which fractured his skull. He was taken up insensible and died in a few minutes. In the latter part of December teams crossed the Merrimack river on the ice at the place where the Free Bridge now is — a road being opened across the middle interval for their accom modation. [1839.] An interesting daughter of Capt. Ebenezer Ridge- way, U. S. N., of this town, five years of age, was so badly burnt on January 1st, by her clothes taking fire, as to cause her death the next day. The child was playing with her brother, two years older, and approaching too near the fire her clothes caught, and before assistance could be rendered were nearly * For further and full particulars of the life and character of Mrs. McFarland, the reader is referred to a Memoir of her, written by Rev. Mr. Bouton, and published in 1839. See also " McFarland family," in Geneological Chapter of this History. 442 HISTORY OF CONCORD. consumed. No other person was in the room with the children at the time of the occurrence. Died in Concord, February 15th, Mrs. Mary Ann P., wife of Rev. Nathaniel Bouton, aged 34. Mrs. B. was the eldest daughter of the late Hon. John Bell, of Chester. The funeral services at the North Meeting-house, on Monday, 18th, were attended by a large assembly of citizens and christian friends, who testified their deep sympathy on the mournful occasion. ' An appropriate sermon was preached by Rev. John M. Putnam, of Dunbarton, from Coll. i : 27, " Christ in you, the hope of glory." During her residence of about ten years in Concord, Mrs. B. had endeared herself greatly to the people of the parish, and indeed to all who knew her, by her gentle and affectionate dispo sition and manners. She was especially distinguished by her native modesty and guileless simplicity of character. She pos sessed in an uncommon degree the " charity which thinketh no evil." " On her tongue was the law of kindness," and never was it heard to speak evil of any one. She bore her lingering sickness with christian patience and submission, deriving great comfort from the promises of the Bible ; trusting in the mercy of God through Jesus Christ." A short time before her death the account of the martyr Stephen was read to her, Acts vii : 56 - 60. She said, " I desire that the last prayer which shall be offered for me may be the same as his — ' Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.' " On Sunday, May 19th, a very extensive conflagration took place on the pine plain, directly east of the main village, which, as was estimated, run over more than a thousand acres, destroy ing the growth and consuming a large quantity of wood that was cut and in piles. It was believed to be the work of incen diaries. The large dwelling-house owned and occupied by Mr. Leavitt C. Virgin and Capt. Samuel Blake, of this town, was consumed by fire early on the morning of Tuesday, May 14th. This is * See Christian Panoply, February SS, 1839. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 443 the first dwelling-house that has been entirely consumed in this extended village for the last twenty years. st. paul's church — laying of the corner stone. The corner-stone of St. Paul's Church, in Concord, was laid with appropriate ceremo nies, on Thursday, the 13th of June. Ser vice by Rev. Mr. Ten Broeck, assisted by Rev. Mr. Chase, of St. Matthew's Church, Hopkinton. An inter esting address on the condition and prospects of the Society was de livered by the Rector, Mr. Ten Broeck. A deposite of various articles was made beneath the corner-stone. On Friday, July 5th, the dwelling-house of Mr. John Dear- bom, of Concord, was struck by lightning. The fluid burst the top of the chimney, sending the bricks in every direction ; passed down, bursting the chimney again between the chamber and lower part of the house, throwing off the breast-work, and pre cipitating the tongs through the cellar door. There were eight persons sitting in the room, yet no one was in the least injured. The house, barn and shop, belonging to Mr. Jacob Clough, on the hill three miles from this village, on the Canterbury road, were entirely consumed by fire on Saturday, November 9th, about eleven o'clock, A. M. Loss about one thousand dollars. No insurance. It seems the boys had built a fire in the shop where they were husking com, from which it was communicated to the husks. The buildings were in distinct view of this village, and the engines promptly repaired to the scene of conflagration, 444 history of concord. but too late to render assistance. The house was formerly owned by Mr. Simeon Virgin. [1840.] The stagemen's ball, held at the Eagle coffee-house on Friday evening, January 10th, was attended by one hundred and fifty couples, and everything was done up in the neat and ele gant style peculiar to the gentlemen of the whip on such occasions. Col. Stevens, Secretary of State, delivered a lecture upon the subject of common schools, at the North meeting-house, on Fast day, April 9th, before a numerous audience. The subject was . ably and eloquently treated. Died in this town, April 1st, Philbrick Bradley, Esq., aged 84. He was in the battle of Bennington, in Col. Stickney's regiment, and also at the capture of Burgoyne. Mr. Bradley was very social and facetious in conversation, and delighted to entertain, the young with stories of olden time. He lived on the Mountain, so called, in East Concord, about three miles and a half from the main village, and was a pensioner of government. On Saturday morning, September 3d, a small building in the rear of Stickney's block was consumed by fire. The air was still, otherwise there must have been an extensive conflagration, as the building destroyed was in the midst of the most combus tible as well as valuable part of the town. [1841.] The freshet of the second of January was one of the most remarkable ever known on the Merrimack in the winter. On Tuesday week the cold was excessively severe, the mercury down to sixteen, eighteen, and nineteen degrees below zero in the morning. Wednesday moderate, eight degrees below zero, and commenced snowing. Thursday, rain and Btrong south wind. Friday, as warm as April. At noon the river had risen four or five feet ; by night-fall its banks were nearly full. About seven in the evening the ice started, and immediately a crashing sound, ¦ nearly as loud as the report of a small cannon, announced the destruction of the east part of the Free bridge, and pier after pier and section after section followed, till, at a little past eight, all but one pier on the west was carried away. One pier of the Federal bridge and two lengths of -stringers were carried away. The ice blocked up the channel of the stream above the Lower bridge, and turned the water over the interval, thus saving the interesting incidents. 445 bridge. Fears were entertained that the river had cut a new channel for itself, but it soon resumed the old channel. The ice between Wattanummons and Federal bridge waa piled up in such quantities that some of it remained till the following May. On Thursday, January 21st, the Bridewell, situate in the basement story of the wooden building opposite the American House, was discovered to be on fire. In it was confined a fellow named Rufus Orcutt, charged with attempting the life of his wife in a brutal assault which he made upon her. The door of the Bridewell was immediately forced and Orcutt found half buried in the burning straw. When he was taken out it was supposed he was dead. His face, neck and breast were very much burned. Medical aid was soon procured, and he was restored in some degree, but he survived only till Sunday, 24th. He had once been in the State prison for life, but was pardoned, and had threatened, if committed to the Bridewell, to burn it. The fire was extinguished without much damage to the building. Died in this town, May 9th, Miss Mary Clark, aged 49, daughter of the late Mr. Daniel Clark. Miss Clark was a lady of uncommon gifts and acquirements, of a social disposition, sim ple in her- manners, kind to the poor, ever sympathizing with the afflicted and suffering of all classes. In the latter years of life her health was very delicate, but she was interested in the events of the day, and especially in the cause of peace and the anti- slavery society. She was fond of historic and antiquarian research, and a particular friend of the late John Farmer, Esq. In religious views she was remarkably catholic ; admiring and loving all, of all classes and denominations, who possessed a humane and devout spirit, but she was not united with any in a religious profession. A short time before her death she prepared a paper, giving her " dying testimony, — being on the brink of Jordan, — against all those ministers and churches who have refused to pray for the slave."* She directed that her funeral should be without parade, and without the ceremony of an offici ating clergyman. Accordingly, the services at the funeral were performed by her friends, Mr. Amos Wood and John B. Chandler. On Sunday, September 12th, Stephen S. Foster, an anti-slavery * See Herald of Freedom, May 14, 1841. 446 HISTORY OF CONCORD. lecturer, from Canterbury, entered the North meeting-house, (the pastor, Rev. Mr. Bouton, being absent on an exchange with Rev. Jonathan Curtice of Pittsfield.) and interrupted the usual order of services. He first prayed, kneeling in front of the pulpit ; then he ascended two or three of the pulpit stairs, and said he had a message from God to deliver. Refusing to desist, as requested by deacons of the church and others, three young men, Lyman A. Walker, James M. Tarlton, and Charles W. Walker, rose and took him, without violence, led him down the broad aisle, out of the front door, and he departed. He then pro ceeded to the South church, where he conducted in a similar dis orderly manner, and whence, with less ceremony, he was ejected. Josiah Hardy, of this town, raised from one pumpkin seed seventy-five pumpkins — seventeen of them suitable for family use. Beat this, if you can ! Who can furnish from one seed such a bountiful supply of pumpkins for thanksgiving ?* Mr. Theodore T. Abbott, of this town, who carried on the cutlery business at Millville, contracted to supply the members of Congress, in 1841, with all the cutlery wanted for their use. [1842.] Mr. Asaph Evans, formerly a trader in the old store corner of Pleasant and Main streets, died in New-York city, January 8th, aged 57 years. Mr. Evans was the first trader in Concord who voluntarily relinquished the sale of ardent spirits, after the temperance reform commenced. The new Congregational meeting-house in East Concord was dedicated to the worship of God, January 13th. Sermon by Rev. Mr. Bouton. Mr. Asa McFarland delivered the first lecture before the Concord Lyceum this year, February 4th, on " The Campaign of Napoleon in Russia." The lecture was ably written, and subse quently printed. Opening op the Railroad to Concord. On Tuesday eve ning, September 6, 1842, at one fourth before seven o'clock, the locomotive "Amoskeag," with a train of three passenger cars and some baggage, came through from Boston to Concord. The grounds about the depot were thronged with men, women and children, to behold the new and wondrous sight ! As the • Jf. H. Patriot, November 4, 1841. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 447 cars came in the multitude raised a cheering shout, and' the cannon pealed forth its thunders to celebrate the event. A few minutes after the arrival, it was announced that the conductor would give the people a ride. Immediately every car was crammed, and scores could not find a place to stand or sit down. The train went a few miles — as far as Bow-crossing — and returned, with the party delighted at the thought that theirs was the first ride in the first hour after opening. The locomotive, cars and every thing appeared in the finest order. The passenger train commenced running regularly twice a day, and the week following three passenger trains a day were run. The Universalist meeting-house in Concord was dedicated on Thursday, October 6, two o'clock, P. M. Sermon by Rev. Otis A. Skinner, of Boston. UNIVERSALIST CHURCH. The house here represented was oc cupied by the Uni versalist Society until June, 1855 ; when the Society, having decided to erect a new, more spacious and costly edifice, it was sold to the South Free Will Baptist Soci ety, Rev. Hiram Whitcher, pastor, and moved to a lot near the south end of State street. The"Millerites," so called, believers in the visible advent of Christ and the end of the world in 1843, held a great meeting in Concord 448 HISTORY OF CONCORD. the fourth week in July. Havmg erected and consecrated a spacious tent, capable of holding four thousand persons, on the hill, near where the house of Mr. Abel B. Holt now stands, a violent gust of wind soon after prostrated it to the ground. They next raised the tent in the valley west of the hill : assign ing as a reason, ' that in raising the tent on the hill they had exalted themselves, and must move down into the valley of humil iation.' On Saturday afternoon the wind blew violently, attended with rain, which fell in torrents and flooded the ground where the large tent stood, so that they were obliged to desert it. The smaller tents, beds, &c, were completely drenched, and the occupants, amid darkness, thunder, lightning and rain, at mid night, were compelled to seek refuge in neighboring houses and in the public hotels of the village. On Sunday morning a fire engine with hose was used to draw off the water from the place of the encampment. The meeting was largely attended, and pro duced great noise and excitement among believers in the doctrine. The workmen on the railroad at the lower end of Main street, near the river, have dug out the bones of two bodies, supposed to be those of Indians.* On Friday, September 2, a large company of gentlemen and ladies from Concord main village, visited Long pond. The gen tlemen caught fish and the ladies cooked them, and with other eatables furnished by the ladies, a fine dinner was prepared. After dinner it was resolved that, henceforth and forever, what had been called " Long pond " should be known as " Lake Pen acook." But, notwithstanding the resolution, Long pond is still " Long pond." On the morning of July 4, at eight o'clock, the comer stone of the new meeting-house, for the use of the First Congrega tional Society, at the corner of Main and Washington streets, was laid with appropriate religious services, to wit : 1. Singing, 87th Psalm, L. M. 2. Reading of select scripture by the pastor. 3. Depositing a box under the north-east comer stone, con taining sundry documents. 4. Prayer, by the pastor. * It. H. Patriot, August II, 1842. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 449 5. Singing, hymn 64, 2d book. By the ingenious use of tackling, the whole mam body of the house was raised before four o'clock, P. M. Messrs. Mack and Lambert delivered a course of lectures in Concord during the winter season of 1842, on physiology and anatomy. Their lectures were illustrated by a manikin, or model of a man, so ingeniously wrought and put together in pieces as to require a near inspection to satisfy a spectator that it was not a real living subject. Every portion of the human body, suitable for exhibition before a promiscuous assembly, was exactly represented. On Wednesday morning, May 11, James M. Abbot, oldest son of Mr. David Abbot, was drowned in Horse-shoe pond. It is supposed that he fell out of a boat — his cap and a boat being discovered floating near each other in the middle of the pond at the time he was first missed. He was eleven years old. His body was soon after recovered. Maj. William Walker, jr., and Nathaniel White, of Concord, and B. P. Cheney, of Boston, have established a daily express between Concord and Boston, (Sundays excepted.) William Ainsworth, Esq., member of the House of Repre sentatives from the town of New-Ipswich, died at his lodgings in this town June 14th. FOURTH OF JULY. Scenes of rowdyism and violation of law and order were at tempted in this town on the evening of the glorious fourth. A barrel of tar was lighted in the middle of the State House yard, and the tossing of fire-balls begun, when the police of the town interfered, with the design to stop such proceedings. Several persons were arrested, tried and fined. One of the beautiful maples in the State House yard was nearly destroyed by the burning of tar under it.* On Friday, July 8th, Nathaniel P. Abbot, aged twenty-one, fell from the belfry of the newly-raised meeting-house, and was * JV. H. Patriot. 29 450 HISTORY OF CONCORD. precipitated from the upper flooring to the ground, a distance of about thirty feet. Before any, one reached him he was up and attempting to get upon the sill. A large gash was cut in his head, and he was much bruised, but no bone was broken, or dan gerous wound inflicted. George M. Thomas, aged eleven years and six months, only son of Rev. Moses G. Thomas, of this town, was drowned in Merrimack river on the 13th of July, near the Free bridge. He was bathing with other boys on the easterly side, and was missed about sunset by his companions. Between eight and nine o'clock in the evening search was commenced, and his body was found about half past eleven, P. M., near one of the piers, in about four feet of water. OPENING OF THE ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE. The New-Hampshire Asylum for the Insane was publicly opened for the reception of patients the first of November. Price of board for patients belonging to the State, two dollars and twenty-five cents. A patient from Tuftonborough was ad mitted the week previous, who was rendered insane by the excite ment on the subject of the second advent. He prayed, preached, exhorted and harangued upon the subject about four hours every morning, and remained quiet the rest of the day. Died in this town, October 28, Mrs. Nancy B. Fletcher, wife of Samuel Fletcher, Esq., aged 54. Mrs. Fletcher was a woman of great excellence of character, intelligent, affectionate, charitable to the poor, of exemplary piety, and greatly beloved by a large circle of relatives and friends. Her maiden name was Nancy Bordman, a native of South-Reading, Mass. She was for several years treasuress of the New-Hampshire Cent Institution, and president of the Concord Female Charitable Society. On Tuesday morning, November 15, about half past three o'clock, a fire broke out in a stable belonging to William Walker, jr., & Co., situated in rear of the houses and stores on the comer of Warren and Main streets. By the energy and prompt- INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 451 itude of the firemen, with their engines, the fire was subdued with a damage only of about two hundred dollars. DEDICATION OF THE NORTH CONGREGATIONAL MEETING-HOUSE. The new meeting-house erected for the use of the First Con gregational Society was dedicated to the worship of Almighty God, November 23d. Introductory prayer was offered by Rev. Abraham Bumham, of Pembroke ;- reading of Scripture by Rev. Moses Kimball, of Hopkinton ; dedicatory prayer by Rev. John M. Putnam, of Dunbarton ; sermon by the pastor, from 2 Chron. vii : 16 ; concluding prayer by Rev. Asa P. Tenney, of West Concord. Public worship was first attended in the house on the following Sabbath, November 27th. The pastor preached in the morning from John ix : 27 ; " Will ye also be his disciples ?" In the 452 HISTORY OF CONCORD. afternoon from Acts ii : 47 ; " The Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved."* A man died in this town, November 24th, who confessed on his death bed that he set fire to the barn of William Walker & Co., which was partially destroyed by the flames on the morning of November 15. On Friday, December 6th, Mr. Horace Call, a young man of Concord, while at work in repairing the Free bridge, across the Merrimack river, fell from the bridge upon the ice, about fifteen feet. His fall was not discovered till some time afterwards, when he was taken up insensible, and supposed to be dead. His right eye and side of his face were much bruised. Dr. Renton was immediately called, and the young man was restored to con sciousness and Buffered but little permanent injury. Thomas W. Dorr, who claimed to be governor of Rhode Island, and was leader of the insurrection in that State in 1842, visited this town while under indictment for high treason. He attended public worship, incog., at the North church, December 11th, but on the evening of the 14th a public meeting was held in the Court House, at which he delivered a speech occupying three hours. He was introduced to the meeting by Gov. Henry Hub bard, and his speech was followed by a complimentary address and resolutions by Hon. Franklin Pierce. [1843.] The evening passenger train of cars, which usually arrives here at about half past eight o'clock, -run off the track about half a mile below the depot, on Tuesday evening, January 24th, in consequence of the switch being out of place. But lit tle damage was done. On Sunday afternoon, night, and Monday morning, February 6th and 7th, we had a very severe snow storm, with heavy drifts. The cuts on the railroad were so filled that neither * Previous to leaving the old North meeting-house as a place of public worship, a union meeting of the four Congregational churches in town was held in it. The meeting was attended two successive days, viz. : Thursday, 27th, and Friday, 28th of September, in which the several pastors took part, viz. : Rev. Asa P. Tenney, of the West church ; Rev. Daniel J. Noyes, of the South church ; Rev. Timothy Morgan, preacher at East church, and the pas tor of the First church. In the forenoon of Friday the pastor preached a discourse on remi niscences of the old meeting-house. In the afternoon about five hundred and fifty commu nicants, belonging to the four sister churches, sat down to the Lord's Supper. It was a season of tender and affecting interest. Many wept at tbe thought of a separation from the place where they and their fathers had so long worshipped. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 453 train of cars due here on Tuesday arrived, and it was impossible to force a passage through from Nashua to Concord until Wednes day afternoon, when the united energies of four powerful engines made a way through the drifts of snow. April 27. The freshet in the Merrimack river has been higher at Concord than has been known for a great number of years. The water, which a week ago last Monday was the high est, fell some four feet by the last of the week. Since that time, in consequence of rains and rapid melting of snow, it has been rising again. A great portion of the interval is submerged, and the entrances into Concord from the east over Federal and the Free bridges are impassable. In anticipation that the second advent of Christ and the end of the world would take place on or about the 23d of April, 1843, according to the " Miller doctrine," a considerable number of people in this and other places, believing it, neglected all worldly business, gave themselves up to religious services ; ex pended their property, and in consequence several became insane, and others were reduced to absolute want. At the time ap pointed they stood in hourly expectation of seeing the " sign of the Son of Man " in the heavens, and of being caught up in the air to meet him, while the world should be burnt up. A com pany went to the old burying-ground, to ascend with the rising dead. The day passed without any thing unusual ! TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT IN CONCORD. At a meeting held in the Court Room the latter part of April, a committee, consisting of the following gentlemen : — Franklin Pierce, Lewis Downing, Abraham Prescott, Hosea Fessenden, Nathaniel B. Baker, Moses T. Willard, Joel C. Danforth, Josiah Stevens, Jr., Zenas Clement, Joseph Low, Francis N. Fisk, Samuel Coffin, Richard Bradley, Chandler E. Potter, Abraham Bean, Joseph F. Dow, Harry Houston, Theodore T. Abbot, Moses Shute and Atkinson Webster, were appointed to report at an adjourned meeting such resolutions and plan, as, in their judgment, would most certainly and speedily cause the use and traffic in intoxicating drinks to cease in this town, except for mechanical and medicinal purposes. 454 HISTORY OF CONCORD. At an adjourned meeting, held at the old North meeting-house, may 7th, the above committee reported the following resolution and pledge, with a preamble and appeal : "Resolved, That the signature of every individual present be solicited to the following pledge and appeal ; and that the same be printed and presented to the citizens of each school district in town for the sanction of their names. PLEDGE. " We, the undersigned, citizens of the town of Concord, believing that intoxicating drinks of every description, used as a beverage, are not only useless, but injurious to men in health under all circumstan ces ; and being fully persuaded that it would conduce to the best interests of said town, and tend greatly to promote the morality, happiness and prosperity of its citizens, of all classes and conditions, wholly to abolish the using and vending of such liquors within its limite, except for medicinal and mechanical purposes, hereby pledge to the accomplishment of so desirable an object our best exertions." This pledge and the appeal which accompanied it was signed by one thousand seven hundred and sixteen inhabitants of the town, male and female.* Joseph Gerrish, a young man from Boscawen, aged about 25, supposed to be insane, drowned himself in the Merrimack river, near the Free bridge, early on Monday morning, June 19th. His body was found a week after, floating in the river about half a mile below the bridge, soon after the firing of a cannon on the bank near the river, for the purpose of raising it. Col. Franklin Pierce delivered a most eloquent and powerful address upon the subject of temperance, Thursday evening, June 22d, at the old North church. He held his audience in breath less attention for one hour and a half. On July 20th the Meredith stage, with sixteen passengers, returning from the White Mountains, was upset on the east side of the Merrimack river, descending from the plain to the interval which leads to the Free bridge. No bones were broken or lives lost, but some of the passengers were bruised and injured. The price of butter in Concord (August 3d,) is only nine cents a pound. Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, of this town, while at work on the * See A". H. Patriot, May 18, 1843. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 455 bridge over the Merrimack river at Hooksett, making repairs, on Saturday, August 5th, fell from the bridge and was precipitated upon the rocks below, about thirty feet. He received a cut on the head, and one wrist and one ancle were broken. Mr. Eastman relates that in 1839 he went out west, and while in Brown county, 111., in the month of May, he went with a party of two others to hunt deer. They came in sight of a pack of wolves, four in number, which had infested that section for some time. One of the wolves was shot and killed; the others retreated to their den in the hollow of a large oak wind-fall. At first the party attempted to shut the wolves in, but one not liking the idea of " durance vile," rushed to the mouth of the hole. The party seized him, tied his legs, and laid him down by his dead companion. Then the question was how they should dispose of the remaining two. One of the party proposed to get an axe and cut them out ; but Eastman said a better way was to crawl in and shoot them, as old Putnam did. " Well," they said, "you may do it, we won't." Whereupon, loading his gun heavy with buck shot, he crawled into the hollow log till he saw the glare of the wolves' eyes. Discharging his gun it kicked him back, and the confined report nearly stunned him. Recovering, however, he reloaded, crawled in, and gave the wolves another shot. Both were killed, and dragged out of the hole by means of a hook fastened to a long pole. After this exploit, they called Eastman " the little smart yankee." Jeremiah Pecker, Esq., died in this town August 12th, aged 71. Mr. Pecker was a thrifty farmer, and frequently held responsible offices in town. He was a man of quick wit, of much mechanical ingenuity, facetious in conversation, and a respected and useful citizen. A severe gale was experienced in this town on the afternoon of Tuesday, August 16th, accompanied with torrents of rain. One of the fine elms in the State House yard was completely destroyed. The main branches were split off and the body of the tree, which was about twenty inches in diameter at the butt, was broken off about twenty feet from the ground. In the year 1843 thirty-seven new dwelling-houses, making fifty-one tenements, were built in the main village of Concord, besides one large church and various stores, shops and offices. 456 HISTORY OF CONCORD. E. B. Little, Esq., of New-York city, made a donation of five hundred dollars to the Episcopal society in this town, for the purchase of an organ for the church. Died at the Eagle coffee-house, in this town, Saturday evening, September 30th, of consumption, Charles Walker, Esq., aged 45. Mr. W. was the eldest son of the late Charles Walker, Esq., of Concord. He graduated at .Cambridge in 1819, was a tutor in Transylvania University, in Kentucky, with President Holley, two years ; studied law with Thomas Addis Emmett, of New-York city, where he went into successful practice and con tinued until 1835. On account of ill health he visited the West Indies, but afterwards resided at Key West, in Florida, where he received the appointment of District Attorney of the United States. Subsequently he went to Porto Rico, and pur chased a plantation, which he cultivated till the spring of 1843, when he returned to the place of his birth — to die ! Mr. Walker possessed many admirable qualities, and was greatly esteemed and beloved by all who knew him. He brought a pony from the West Indies, for his use in riding, which, a short time before his death he gave to Mr. James Prescott, in remembrance of boyhood attachments, when Prescott lived in the family of Mr. W.'s father. The gift was made on condition that Prescott should use the pony well, and when too old for service should kindly kill him. This beautiful and tractable animal is yet alive, (1855,) and has had the honor of bearing on his back hundreds of ladies and gentlemen of Concord. Mr. Walker's monument stands in the range of others of the Walker family, in the north-east section of the old burying-ground. On the 18th of September, Charles Ferrin, son of Mr. Philip Ferrin, in drawing a charge from a loaded gun, struck the butt of the gun against a beam, with his hand over the muzzle, when the contents of the musket were discharged, badly shattering his hand. October 23d there was a considerable fall of snow in Concord and vicinity. On the 3d and 4th of November the printers, binders and booksellers of Concord, formed into two companies, and went out on a shooting match. On the evening of the 4th the game was INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 457 brought in and counted, and a supper had at Moore's tavern, north end of Main street. Members of the companies were as follows : (1.) L. B. Morrill, Captain ; Perkins Kimball, Frank Eastman, N. B. Baker, F. Allison, H. H. Carroll, E. Mansur, S. S. Dow, Noah Little, E. Shattuck, George 0. Odlin, William P. Foster, Josiah H. Nelson, Charles W. Walker, George F. Kent, John M. West, Joseph A. Pearson, John C. Stowell, Benjamin C. Lowell. (2.) John C. Wilson, Captain; True Osgood, John M. Hill, George G. Estabrook, John D. Carswell, Oscar Knox, George H. H. Silsby, Harriman Couch, Ezra F. Pike, Charles Williams, Ira R. Philbrick, B. F. Watson, N. J. McClure, Samuel C. Hunt, Jr., Frank S. West, Samuel Dobie, Henry Anderson, E. D. Carpenter, Jacob H. Ela. After supper the companies chose N. B. Baker president; True Osgood, Frank S. West, vice-presidents; John M. Hill secretary, and N. J. McClure toast-master. The whole amount of game brought in was 7.772. Captain Morrill's side, 3.939. Capt. Wilson's side, 3.833. Difference in favor of Capt. M., 106. On Capt. Morrill's side, Frank Eastman and Perkins Kimball brought in a count of five hundred each. On Capt. Wilson's side, Ira R. Philbrick brought in a count of six hundred and ninety-two, and True Osgood a count of five hundred. On the 23d of November a frightened horse, running with the fore-wheels of a wagon, took the side walk below the Phenix hotel, and ran over a little daughter of Ira Perley, Esq., about two years old. By some means the child was thrown from the walk about ten feet, into the street, but received no material injury. At a meeting of the citizens of Concord, at the town hall, August 9th, without distinction of party, Jonathan Eastman, Esq., was chosen chairman, and A. C. Blodgett and John Whipple sec retaries. The proposition was made and unanimously adopted to invite the celebrated Col. Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky, then about to take a tour in New-England, to visit Concord. This invitation was accepted, and Col. Johnson made his visit to this place on Friday, October 25th. Leaving Boston in the morning by cars, he reached the crossing, near the south line of 458 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Concord, about half past ten o'clock in the forenoon, where he was met by Col. Franklin Pierce and Judge Upham, of the com mittee of invitation. Mounting a beautiful white steed, he rode, escorted by a cavalcade of citizens, as far as the Rumford place, where he was received by the committee of arrangements, and welcomed to the hospitalities of the capital by Ira Perley, Esq. Thence a procession of citizens and soldiers, led by Gen. Charles H. Peaslee, chief marshal, Col. Johnson still mounted on his white horse, marched, amid the firing of cannon and ringing of bells, through Main street, down State street to Pleasant street, and thence to the American house, where, lodgings were provided for the distinguished guest. The streets through which the pro cession moved were lined with people, who saluted him with shouts. The windows and balconies of the houses were thronged by ladies, who testified their interest in the scene by the waving of handkerchiefs and by smiling faces. Soon after, Col. Johnson was conducted to the hall of the House of Representatives, where he was introduced to the people assembled by Ira Perley, Esq., in a highly appropriate address, to which the Colonel responded. Col. Johnson wore a red vest, the same he had on in the battle of the Thames, at the time he killed the Indian chief, Tecumseh, and which was pierced by eleven bullet shots. At three o'clock in the afternoon Col. Johnson, with a large company, sat down to dinner in the hall of the Eagle hotel. At the dinner Franklin Pierce presided, assisted by Ira Perley, Joseph Robinson, Thomas P. Treadwell, Joseph Low, Abel Baker and Moses Shute. Speeches were made by the president and others. A beautiful song, written by Mrs. Susan A. Barnes, of Hooksett, was sung by Mr. George Wood with admirable effect. Mr. William Low proposed the question to Col. John son — " Did you or did you not, in your opinion, kill Tecumseh?" Col. Johnson then minutely related the circumstances of the battle, and closed by saying, " In my own opinion I did kill Tecumseh !" In the evening was a public levee at the Eagle hotel, where great numbers had the pleasure of a personal introduction. On Saturday morning Col. Johnson rode about the town, and at noon left by stage for Newport. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 459 On Thursday, November 30th, Anthony Potter, son of Samuel G. Potter, living in the eastern part of Concord, was drowned in Turtle pond while skating. A companion by the name of Par ker, rushing to his aid, also fell in, when a third, seeing them, went to their rescue, who also fell in. A dog with them raised a pitiful howling, which attracted the attention of some men near by. By their exertions the two last were saved, but Potter sunk. His body was recovered the next day in about sixteen feet of water. One boot was pulled off. He was about 20 years of age. At a temperance meeting, December 30th, a committee was appointed to prosecute all persons who continue to sell intox icating liquors in town. [1844.] The new road from Concord, east village, to the Shaker village, running west of Oak hill, was opened for public travel early in 1844. On Friday morning, January 26th, between twelve and one o'clock, one of the watchmen of the State prison, in going his rounds, discovered a fire breaking out in the blacksmiths' shop in the prison yard. A fire alarm was given, and by the active exertions of the citizens the fire was extinguished, but with a loss to the State estimated at about $1000, and to Messrs. Greeley & Eayres, contractors of the blacksmiths' shop, at a larger sum. The, night was intensely cold, and it was with great difficulty that the engines could be worked. Early on Saturday morning, February 5th, a fire broke out in the third story of the stone factory, at FisherviUe. There being no fire-engine at FisherviUe, Mr. Leonard Morrison, on horseback, riding at full speed, gave the alarm to No. 6 engine company, at West Concord, and to the fire companies in Concord main village. Great progress was made by the fire before the arrival of the engines, but it was checked and extinguished ; with a heavy loss, however, in machinery and materials. The upper part of the factory was nearly destroyed. There were in operation in the factory one hundred and eighteen looms, and four thousand three hundred and eight spindles — employing about one hundred ope ratives. A coroner's inquest was held on Tuesday, April 2d, on the 460 HISTORY OF CONCORD. body of Mr. Ephraim Upham, who was found dead near the rail road track,, about half a mile below the bridge over the railroad, at the south end of the town. He had been missing since the night of the 29th of March. He was 67 years of age. It ap peared in evidence that Mr. Upham was at the house of Joseph Whitcher, in the evening of the 29th, in a state of intoxication, and, attempting to walk home on the rail track, it is probable he fell and perished in the cold. April 18. The weather for the past ten days has been as warm and balmy as in June. Last Sunday was almost a hot day. Vegetation is very forward. July 4. Mr. Carter, who lives near the stream that connects Great Turkey pond with Little Turkey, has fitted up five boats for the accommodation of those who visit the ponds for a boat- ride or for fishing. There was a temperance celebration in Concord on the 4th, which was numerously attended. A collation was prepared in the State House yard, which was partaken of, as is estimated, by over two thousand persons. The members of the Universalist society in Concord had a fishing party at Turkey pond July 23d. On their return they drove through the streets of the village, forming a large pro cession of carriages. First was a four horse carriage, with the Concord band, playing some most excellent and enlivening music ; then a carry-all, containing their pastor and family, and others ; then three stage-coaches, crowded full and covered on the top with ladies and gentlemen ; then several two horse carriages, followed by twenty-six buggies, chaise and wagons. Died in this town, very suddenly, of disease of the heart, August 23, Mrs. Anna, wife of Mr. Joseph Potter, aged 70. Mr. Potter rose early in the morning, went to his bam, and was absent about fifteen minutes. On his return his wife was a corpse. Died in this town, September 7th, Capt. David Neal, aged 36. His funeral took place on Sunday, from the Universalist meeting house. Capt. Neal was buried with military honors, being a member of the Concord fight infantry at the time of his death, and formerly commander of the company. A very large proces sion followed him to the grave. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 461 On the 24th of September a daughter of John Arlin, aged 15, was burned to death. The drought in this region is extreme. Almost every thing is turned to dust. For three weeks, from September 1st to Sep tember 22d, we did not have one drop of rain. A house belonging to James C. Whittemore, at the north end of Main street, was bumed on Thursday, September 26th. One of the chimneys was burned out early in the morning, and it being observed that there were defects in it, by smoke issuing, it was watched till about eleven o'clock in the forenoon, when all danger seemed to be at an end ; but in a little more than an hour after ward the house was discovered to be on fire — the fire having been communicated from a defect in the chimney to the flooring of the garret. The engines were upon the ground in good sea son, and had there been a sufficient supply of water the fire might have been extinguished in fifteen minutes ; but in a long drought that had prevailed the wells near by gave out in a few mo ments. A line of people was then formed to Horse-shoe pond, for the passage of water. The fire was then too far advanced to be checked by the inadequate quantity of water thus supplied, and the house was completely consumed. It was occupied by four tenants — Rev. Sylvester Dana, Justin L. Robinson, Joshua Ingalls and Mrs. Anna True. Mr. Dana lost four or five hundred volumes of theological works, and many articles of bedding and clothing. Mr. Robinson's family suffered severely. The loss of the others was not so great. The house was insured in the Merrimack County Insurance Company for $1000. Died in this town, October 2d, Hon. Hall Burgin, aged 74. He formerly resided in Allenstown, owning the extensive farm now owned by George W. Ela, Esq. He was a man of great influence in Allenstown, had held the office of Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and was once a member of the State Senate. Removing with his family to this town, about 1835, he built the elegant brick dwelling-house now owned by Joseph A. Gilmore. Toward the latter part of his life his property became embar rassed. He was highly respected as a citizen. A shocking casualty occurred in Concord on Friday evening, November 8th, while the democratic party were celebrating the 462 HISTORY OF CONCORD. triumph of the New- York election of Polk and Dallas, candi dates for president and vice-president of the United States. Mr. John L. Haynes, one of the officers of the Columbian Artillery, had his left arm almost entirely blown off, his right arm dread fully shattered, and his face shockmgly burnt, in the act of ramming down a cartridge. The discharge took place in conse quence of the vent not being stopped, in the excitement and hurry of the firing. His left arm was amputated by Dr. Haynes, of Concord. The number of deaths in town in 1844 was one hundred and thirteen, which is a larger number than ever occurred in a year before. Of these, fifty were children under ten years of age, who died mostly of the bowel, or summer complaint, as it is called, which extensively prevailed this season. Among the number deceased was Mr. Samuel Jackman, formerly of Bos cawen, a revolutionary soldier and pensioner. He lived in the easterly part of the town, near Lovejoy's mills, and at the time of his death, August 20th, was the oldest person in town, being 96 years of age. He was a man of uncommon physical vigor, with the exception of his eye-sight. He retained his physical and mental powers, in a good degree, to the last. CHAPTER XVI. HISTORY OF CONCORD FROM 1845 TO 1853 ; OR, TO THE OR GANIZATION OF THE CITY GOVERNMENT. At a special meeting of the town, September 23, 1845, new rules and regulations were adopted for the organization of the fire department. Four hundred and twenty dollars were appro priated for the purchase of three hundred and fifty feet of hose for engine No. 2 ; three hundred feet of hose for engine No. 4, and twenty-five feet for engine No. 5. Reservoirs were ordered to be constructed; one between the South Church and Hoyt's tavern, at the south end of Main street ; one opposite the State House and west of Green street, and one or more at such other place as the board of engineers of the fire department shall determine. At the organization of the fire department, according to the new regulations, September 24, Luther Roby was chosen chief engineer, and Arthur Fletcher, George H. H. Silsby, Caleb Par ker, Daniel A. Hill, John Haines, John Abbot, Lowell Eastman, Harvey Rice, Benjamin Grover, James Moore, Shadrach Seavey, William Pecker, H. H. Brown, Moses Shute, Benjamin F. Duncklee, Lewis Downing, Benjamin F. Dow, and Stephen Brown, were chosen assistant engineers. The town also adopted a law of the State, passed at the June session, declaring " that any bowling-alley, situate within twenty- five rods of any dwelling-house, store, shop, school-house, or place of public worship, shall be deemed to be a public nuisance ;" 464 HISTORY OF CONCORD. and the selectmen were instructed to adopt the proper legal measures necessary to abate such nuisances as then existed in the town. At this time there were four or five bowling-saloons in the compact part of the village, in which some young men spent a portion of their time every day, to the grief of parents and friends, the injury of their morals, and waste of money. 1846. Asa Fowler, Esq., was appointed one of a committee to take charge of the town funds, in place of Samuel Coffin, resigned. Two hundred dollars were appropriated to purchase of Lewis Downing engine No. 3, together with the house, hose, and other fixtures belonging to the same. This engine was purchased by Mr. Downing in 1833, for two hundred and twenty-five dollars, for the protection of his large carriage manufactory establish ment, then situated at the south end of Main street, on the spot now owned and occupied by Mr. J. Stephens Abbot & Son. A law of the State was adopted by the town, authorizing " any two or more contiguous school districts in any town to form a union, for the purpose of maintaining a high school, for the instruction of the older and more advanced scholars." An attempt made to unite the three adjacent school districts in the main village proved unsuccessful. The superintending school committee reported that " some of the higher branches, History, Philosophy, Astronomy, Physiol ogy and Algebra, had received the attention of the more ad vanced scholars in district schools." 1847. The auditors reported that "the whole expenditure for the support of the poor the past year, including the interest on farm and overseer's salary, over and above what has been received for that purpose, amounts to $374,49." The average number of paupers, twenty-two and two thirds, and the " income has been sufficient to support them." The committee having in charge the various funds of the town were authorized to sell and convey, in the name of the town, the APPROPRIATIONS FOR VARIOUS OBJECTS. 465 real estate formerly owned by Hall Burgin, Esq. This property was mortgaged to the town for money borrowed of the surplus revenue fund. In pursuance of the above authority the Burgin house and land— including the widow's dower, which the town had purchased — was sold to Mr. Caleb Pratt, late of Hartford, Conn., for $4500. Mr. Pratt died suddenly at his house, Sep tember 26th, aged fifty-seven, of disease of the heart. A sum not exceeding four hundred dollars was appropriated for a new burying-ground in the East village, and for fencing the same. Land for this purpose was bought of the estate of the late Jeremiah Pecker, Jr., and a new burying-ground laid out on the south side of the cross road running east of the meeting house, to the Loudon road. The selectmen were " directed forthwith to remove all nui sances called bowling-saloons;" and "to cause the blacksmith shop, stone shop, and all other incumbrances now on the highway and common near the old North Church, to be removed." The blacksmith shop stood near the corner of the lot where the new house of Francis N. Fisk now stands. 1848. At the annual meeting this year, a sum not exceeding three hundred dollars was appropriated, for enlarging and fencing the burying-ground at Millville, on the Hopkinton road. Permission was given to fence the common about the Biblical Institute, or old North Church, and incipient measures taken towards erect ing a new Town-house. These measures were fully carried out after the town became a city. One hundred dollars were appro priated for the support of a Teachers' Institute in and for the County of Merrimack ; a sum not exceeding five hundred dollars to purchase land and fence the same, for a burying-ground at FisherviUe. The selectmen were instructed to grant no licenses during the year, permitting the exhibition of circuses ; and upon the question, " Is it expedient that a law be enacted by the General Court, prohibiting the sale of wines, or other spirituous liquors, except for chemical, medicinal or mechanical purposes ?" affirmative, one hundred and eighty-six ; negative, none. 30 466 HISTORY OF CONCORD. The superintending school committee reported one thousand five hundred and thirty scholars in winter schools, and one thou sand four hundred and thirty-two in summer schools, of whom one thousand three hundred and twenty-four were under fourteen years of age. At a special meeting, May 6th, resolutions introduced by Col. Dudley S. Palmer were adopted, requiring the selectmen to ap point a committee of five, whose duty it should be " to enforce the provisions of the license law against the unlawful sale of intoxicating drinks ;" and also " a committee to prosecute every instance of a bowling-aUey being used unlawfuUy ;" — the ex penses of such committees to be defrayed by the town, not exceeding five hundred doUars. 1849. Our representatives to the Legislature were instructed to oppose the annexation of any part of Bow to this town ! H. H. Brown, Nathaniel Rolfe, Eldad Tenney, Theodore F. EUiot and E. F. Brockway, were appointed a committee to lay out into lots the burying-ground at FisherviUe. The selectmen were instructed to pay each member of any engine or hook and ladder company in the town, twenty-five cents per hour for aU labor actually performed by him at fires. Luther Roby, chief engineer of the fire department, reported that the expense of constructing reservoirs of desirable materials, and which wiU contain one thousand cubic feet of water, wiU vary, according to the kind of earth and depth of excavation, from one hundred doUars to one hundred and sixty dollars ; — and that the fire hooks which belong to the town, whenever their use has been attempted, have either broken or straightened ont, and conse quently thrown down and made a pile of the men attached to them, instead of pulUng down the building to which they were attached. The summer of 1849 was an unusually sickly season, from the prevalence of cholera morbus. In two or three cases the disease strongly resembled what was caUed the Asiatic cholera. Hence, on petition of Joseph Low, Nathaniel B. Baker and others, the selectmen, June 7, appointed doctors Ezra Carter, Thomas MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS. 467 Chadboume and Charles P. Gage, Joseph Low and Asa Fowler, Esqs., a board of health, — which board immediately adopted sanitary regulations ; examined out-buildings and places where stagnant water, decayed vegetables, or other offensive matter was accumulated, and ordered the removal of the same; also recommended to the inhabitants " the observance of strict tem perance in regard to food and drink — Umiting the diet to the most plain, simple and easUy digested articles ; avoiding aU crude vegetables and unripe fruit, much fresh animal food, large draughts of cold water, and, above aU, ardent spirits in every form." This year the deaths in town were one hundred and fifty- eight — a larger number than ever occurred in one year before. At the June session of the Legislature this year, an act was passed "to incorporate the City of Concord." September 22 the vote of the town was taken on the adoption of the charter. Yeas, 183 ; nays, 637. 1850. To render the crossings of the highways by the several rail roads more safe and practicable, the town voted that the Concord and Claremont railroad, the Northern, and the Boston, Concord and Montreal railroads, should be required to secure the crossing of their respective roads with the Free bridge road, by the con struction of bridges ; and that at the intersection of the Boston, Concord and Montreal road with the highway near the easterly end of Federal bridge ; of the Northern railroad with the high way near Horse-shoe pond ; of the Concord and Claremont road with the highway near Horse-shoe pond, near Benjamin Far num's, and near the Mast Yard, gates should be erected and maintained; and that at the crossing near the West Concord depot a bridge should be buUt. A sum not exceeding one thousand doUars was appropriated for the purchase of a fire engine, hose, &c, for the use of engine company No. 3, to be located near Mr. J. S. Abbot's carriage manufactory ; and a sum not exceeding one hundred doUars was appropriated to purchase a new hearse and burying-cloth, to be used at the West Parish. The town paid the "Temperance Committee," for services and expenses, seventy-three dollars. 468 HISTORY OF CONCORD. At a meeting, October 8, caUed " to choose delegates to rep resent this town in a convention to revise the Constitution of this State, to be held at the Capitol, in Concord, on the first Wednes day of November next," the following ballots were cast : Whole number, 662 Necessary for a choice, 333 Franklin Pierce, 441 Nathaniel G. Upham, 365 Cyrus Barton, 369 George Minot, 395 Nathaniel Rolfe, 382 Jonathan Eastman, 376 Moses Shute, 381 Richard Bradley, 222 Asa Fowler, 263 Nathan Stickney, 260 Simeon Abbot, 261 Jeremiah S. Noyes, : 272 Francis N. Fisk, 127 John Eastman, 202 Ira Perley, 150 and others, scattering. This Convention assembled in Novem ber. Hon. Franklin Pierce was chosen President of the Con vention, which, with adjournments, continued its session tiU Jan uary 3, 1851. Proposed amendments to the Constitution were agreed upon by the Convention, and ordered to be laid before the people, to adopt or reject at the annual town meetings in March, 1851. The amendments were fifteen in number, every one of which was rejected in this town by majorities of from four to six hundred,* and also rejected by a large majority throughout the State. The Convention again assembled, April 16, and agreed upon three amendments to be sent out to the people, viz. : 1. To abol ish the property qualification for office. 2. To abolish the religious test. 3. To empower the Legislature to originate future amend ments of the Constitution. These were acted on at the March meeting, 1852, and the vote stood as foUows : (1st.) Yeas, 304 ; * See original Records, March, 1851. MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS. 469 nays, 341 ; (2d.) yeas, 286 ; nays, 360 ; (3d.) yeas, 294 ; nays, 348. At a meeting November 18, the town appropriated $1500 to pay the award of the road commissioners to the proprietors of Federal bridge, for a highway across the same, and other expen ses connected with necessary repairs. The selectmen were au thorized to advertise for proposals and to contract for rebuilding said bridge. The Federal bridge thus became free. In 1851 it was rebuilt in the most substantial manner, at a cost to the town of $14,830.14.* 1851. At the town meeting in March, Asa McFarland, Esq., intro duced the foUowing, which was unanimously adopted : " Whereas the toUing of bells on funeral occasions is productive of no good, and may, in case of the illness of the living, result in evil — Therefore, " Resolved, That the practice be discontinued here, as it has gene rally been in other populous places." Thus ended a custom which had been invariably observed since a beU was first used on a meeting-house in Concord. At the funeral of Mrs. Sarah, wife of Mr. Richard Herbert, May 5, the beU was tolled by his particular direction. A committee, consisting of Joseph P. Stickney, Seth Eastman, and Ira RoweU, reported that in consequence of turning the cur rent of Merrimack river to the east side of Sewall's island, by the Northern RaUroad corporation, " from two to three acres of the most valuable interval land had been washed away" from the town farm. Measures were taken to suppress biUiard tables. The selectmen were authorized to employ two or more suitable persons as a night watch for the main viUage, and one or more for the viUage of FisherviUe. The persons employed in the main viUage were Horace H. Holt and Loring R. Cook, who were paid for their services $387,87. The selectmen were instructed to Ucense but one person to sell *See Miscellaneous Chapter, "Free Bridges." 470 HISTORY OF CONCORD. spirituous Uquors and wines for medicinal, mechanical and chem ical purposes. Mr. Joel C. Danforth was appointed. 1852. Money was this year appropriated for the construction of new reservoirs : $100 for one near the brick school-house in district No. 10 ; $100 for one near the house of A. B. Currier ; $100 for one near the house of Francis N. Fisk ; $50 for one at the brook near Isaac Emery's ; $50 for one at the brook near Philip Watson's ; $200 for the enlargement of the reservoir in front of the State House, and $50 for one near the school-house in district No. 9.* New Town House. A committee, consisting of Josiah Mi not, Richard Bradley, Joseph B. Walker, John Abbot and Na thaniel B. Baker, was appointed, and " authorized in behalf of the town to make such arrangements as they think proper with the county, for the erection of a new bmlding, on or adjoining the site of the present Town House, with a town haU, court room, and other offices in the same." The committee was also author ized " to dispose of the old town house as they may think advis able, and appropriate the proceeds thereof to the new buUding." A committee, viz. Sylvester Dana, Asa Fowler, Jacob A. Pot- * From a report of a committee on the Fire Department, it appears that at this time the town is provided with six good and reliable Engines, which are located as follows : No. 2 near tbe State Prison, at the corner of Tremont and State streets ; No. 4 on the north side of Warren street, a few rods west of State street ; No. 3 at the south end of Main street, nearly opposite Abbot & Co's carriage manufactory ; No. 8 at FisherviUe ; No. 6 at the West Village, and No. 7 at the East Village. In regard to a supply of water, your committee find that there are now in the town four teen public reservoirs, located as follows : At the south end of Main street, opposite Abbot & Co's carriage manufactory, is a reservoir whose capacity is about 1000 cubic feet j opposite tbe Thompsonian building is another, whose capacity is about 1000 cubic feet ; near the South Church is another, whose capacity is about 400 cubic feet ; in front of the State House are three others, whose aggregate capacity is about 2300 cubic feet; at the intersection of Centre and Main streets is another, whose capacity is about 600 cubic feet; opposite the Merrimack County Bank is another, whose capacity is about 600 cubic feet, but which is always fully supplied with water ; opposite the bouse of John H. George is another, whose capacity is about 800 cubic feet ; on State street, near the house of Sewel Hoit, is another, which is supplied by a brook, and is unfailing ; on South street, near the house of N. B. Baker, is another, whose capacity is about 1000 cubic feet. Besides these there are others of various capacities, not strictly public reservoirs, located in different parts of the Centre Vil lage — there being three near Warren street, between Main and Green streets ; one in the rear of Call's block ; one at the intersection of State and Washington streets ; one at the in tersection of Main and Franklin streets, and various others, of small capacity, which it may be unnecessary here to enumerate. MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS. 471 ter, Moses Shute and Abel Baker, appointed last year, on the establishment and perpetual maintenance of a public library for the use of aU the inhabitants of the town," made a report, and proposed a plan, which was accepted, and resolutions in favor of it adopted. The plan, however, failed of being carried into exe cution.* At a town meeting, August 14, Joseph B. Walker, John H. George and Stephen C. Badger, were appointed a committee, " with fuU power to build a brideweU for the use of the town." The selectmen were authorized and instructed " to take imme diate measures for building a bridge across Merrimack river at SewaU's falls." The bridge waa completed the next year as a free bridge. 1853. The annual meeting in March, of this year, was the last ever held in the capacity of a town. On the question of the accept ance of a city charter, which had three times before been reject ed, the vote stood : yeas, 828 ; nays, 559. The usual town officers were elected, who continued in office untU the organization of the city government. From the report of the committee having the town funds in charge, it appeared that at this time the Parsonage fund amounted to . . $4,296,76 School fund 8.188,58 Surplus Revenue fund (in 1852,) . 7.985,30 This latter fund had been borrowed by the town : but as the fund itself was considered the property of the town, and entirely at its disposal, the committee having it in charge, March 13, 1852, were " directed to cancel the certificates of this fund-:" — the effect of which was to extinguish not only the debt due from the town, but the fund itself. The last important business transacted by the town, at this meeting, was passing the foUowing votes : '•' Voted, That the committee appointed at the last annual town meeting, viz. : Josiah Minot, Nathaniel B. Baker, Richard Bradley, Joseph B. Walker and John Abbot, be authorized, in addition to the powers and authority given by the vote passed at said meeting, which * See Town Records, 18S3. 472 HISTORY OF CONCORD. are hereby renewed and confirmed, to purchase for the use of the town all the premises in said town lying between Main street, on the east ; Court street, on the north ; Summer street, on the west ; and the south line of the Dearborn lot, so called, as it now runs, extended in a straight line westerly to Summer street, on the south — or such parts thereof as they think proper ; and that the selectmen be au thorized from time to time, in behalf and on the credit of the town, to borrow such sums of money as may be necessary for that purpose, or for any of the purposes mentioned in the vote aforesaid ; and that the same be placed at the disposal of said committee." " Voted, That a committee of three be appointed, with full powers to procure the publication of such portions of the original propri etors' and town records as they may deem expedient, either in con nection with the proposed history of the town by the Rev. Br. Bouton, or otherwise, at their discretion ; and that a sum not ex ceeding three hundred dollars be appropriated therefor. " Committee — Nathaniel B. Baker, Jonathan Eastman and Joseph B. Walker." " Voted, That the selectmen be instructed forthwith to organize the city government." " Voted, That this meeting be dissolved. John P. Johnson, Town Clerk." MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS AND ANECDOTES RELATIVE TO THIS PERIOD. [1845.J A fire broke out in the store of Mr. Albert Herbert, on the comer north of the v Merrimack house, Main street, on Saturday evening, May 10th, at half past nine o'clock. By the prompt exertions of the firemen the fire was kept from spreading. The house of Capt. Samuel Herbert, on one side ; the Merri mack tavern and the house of Mr. Richard Herbert, on the other, being in imminent peril, were cleared of furniture, &c, as was also, in part, the house of Rev. Mr. Bouton. The store of Mr. Herbert was totally consumed, together with a consider able quantity of goods. Loss estimated at about $2.500 — insur ance, $1,800. A highly interesting, able and exciting pofitical debate took place at a public meeting held in the old North church, on INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 473 Thursday, June 5th, between Hon. John P. Hale and the Hon. Franklin Pierce. Mr. Hale represented the cause of the Anti- Slavery party and Mr. Pierce that of the Democracy. As usual, the friends of each claimed the victory. A sketch of the debate may be found in the newspapers of that week. The New-Hampshire Anti-Slavery Society met in the old Town HaU on Wednesday, June 4th. The whole day was spent in dis cussing the question whether a secretary should be appointed and the meeting regularly organized by the choice of officers. N. P. Rogers, of this town, and others, spoke against organization, and in favor of aUowing every member perfect liberty. Stephen S. Foster, of Canterbury, was in favor of organization. The meet ing was split on this rock ! Mr. John G. Gould, of Concord, was drowned on Sunday, June 15th, in the Merrimack river, aged 28. He was bathing at the foot of Turkey faUs, near the raUroad crossing, in com pany with two others. He swam a few rods to a smaU island in the river, and on returning was drowned. Mr. Benjamin Hoit, Uving near Horse Hill bridge, kiUed a rattle-snake, in the month of June, which was five feet long and nine inches in circumference. Forty-nine eggs were taken from it. It had twelve rattles, and consequently was supposed to be fifteen years old. One day last week an eagle, which measured six feet from the tip of one wing to the tip of the other, was shot by a boy only thirteen years old, by the name of Goodrich, in the west part of the town.* George W. Currier, aged 29, and Alva C. Currier, aged 22, brothers, were drowned in Little Turkey pond on Wednesday evening. July 2d, about six o'clock. Their bodies were found on Thursday morning, about six rods from the shore, in about nine feet of water. They fell from a boat in which they were at tempting to cross the pond. Died in this town, September 5th, at the house of his son-in- law, Lewis Downing, Esq., Mr. Jonathan Wheelock, a Revolu tionary soldier and pensioner, aged 85 years. He was born at Lancaster, or Lempster, Mass., and entered the army of the * JV. H. Patriot, July 10, 1845. 474 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Revolution when he was 16 years old, as a musician. He was at the battle of Bunker HiU, at the capture of Burgoyne, and served through the whole war — occupying the station of drum- major at its close. Not ten mmutes before bis death he had signed the papers necessary for the receipt of his pension, sitting up in a chair. Twelve thousand eight hundred letters were maUed from the post-office in Concord during the quarter ending October 1st. The receipts for the quarter ending June 30th were $827,161, and for the quarter ending September 30th, $742,43. The Rogers' famUy, consisting of three girls and one boy,* of ages varying from 11 to 17 years, gave a concert at the Uni tarian church on Wednesday evening of last week. The house was fuU, and aU were highly satisfied with the performances of this interesting family.f About the 1st of November Mr. Thomas D. Potter, of Con cord, fell from a chestnut tree a distance of thirty-four feet, bruising him, but not fracturing a Umb. 'Twenty-four years ago the same individual fell from the same tree, and the same dis tance, breaking an arm, thumb, &c. On the 26th of November a drove of five hundred and twenty- five turkeys passed through our streets — a pleasing sight for the day before Thanksgiving. Samuel Carr, of this town, took a dose of laudanum on Fri day, October 31st, designedly, it is supposed. The application of the stomach-pump reUeved him of this, but he died on the next day in a fever, superinduced by the poison. Mr. George Battes, recently resident in this town, whUe eating his breakfast on Monday morning, November 17th, dropped from his chair and died instantly. It is supposed he was strangled with meat. He was formerly of Lebanon, about 35 years old, and was a man of intemperate habits. A blacksmith's shop, at the north end of Main street, caught fire on Saturday forenoon, December 13th, and the roof was nearly destroyed before the fire could be extinguished. It was occupied by Mr. Justin L. Robinson. Capt. Benjamin Parker, of this town, slaughtered a hog last * Children of Nathaniel P. Bogers, editor of the Herald of Freedom, t JV. B. Patriot, Oct. 23. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 475 week, which weighed six hundred and thirty-nine and a half pounds.* In the month of December a party of four men went from this town to the neighborhood of the White mountains, to hunt for deer. They made their head quarters at Littleton, and were successful in getting ten fine deer in a few days. [1846.] On Saturday morning, January 3d, about half past six o'clock, the two story wooden buUding on Main street, owned and occupied by Messrs. MorriU, Silsby & Co., printers, stereo- typers, bmders and bookseUers, was discovered to be on fire in the press-room of the second story. By the promptness of a few individuals, and the exertions of our firemen, it was extin guished in the course of an hour, with but comparatively Uttle damage. The fire was communicated from a stove — in which a boy had a few moments previously kindled a fire, and then left the room — to a quantity of printed sheets which had been hung up to dry on the preceding evening. At a Uttle past twelve o'clock at night, January 7th, a fire broke out in the spacious frame buildings at the de"pc>t of the Concord Railroad Company, occupied by Messrs. Gilmore & Clapp for an extensive wholesale grocery estabUshment, and by the railroad company as a car house. The buUding contained an immense amount of West India goods and groceries, comprising a large quantity of flour, lime, ofl, plaster, pork, fish, iron, &c, besides four valuable passenger cars and three baggage cars, belonging to the railroad, nearly aU of which were destroyed, or so much injured as to be almost a total loss. By the weU directed efforts of our firemen on that part of the buUding in which Messrs. Gilmore & Clapp's safe — containing aU their books — was situated, the latter was drawn out but slightly heated, and with the contents uninjured. The buUding was entirely consumed. NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. At a meeting held at the office of Gen. Charles H. Peaslee, on Saturday, February 14th, for the purpose of considering the expediency of forming a natural history society in Concord, Dr. * Jf. H. Patriot. 476 HISTORY OF CONCORD. WUliam Prescott was chosen chairman and Nathaniel B. Baker secretary. After some remarks from the chairman, from Rev. Mr. Bouton, Hon. FrankUn Pierce, Hon. Nathaniel G. Upham, Paul Wentworth, Esq., H. H. CarroU, Esq., and others, on motion of Stephen C. Badger, Esq., it was unanimously voted that it was expedient to form a natural history society in Concord. February 28th the foUowing persons were chosen officers of said Society: WiUiam Prescott, president; N. G. Upham, Paul Wentworth, vice presidents ; N. B. Baker, recording secretary ; Asa Fowler, corresponding secretary; I. F. Williams, treasurer; John H. George, librarian and cabinet keeper; Joseph Low, Charles P. Gage, Richard Bradley, Abiel Chandler, managers. Messrs. E. & G. G. Hook, of Boston, have recently erected, in the First Baptist meeting-house in this town, a splendid organ from their manufactory, a subscription of $1,500 being raised for the purpose. About two months since a new organ was erected in the new North Congregational church, which cost $1,150." A child of Mr. John Shields, an Irishman, was run over by a team heavily loaded with timber, on Monday afternoon, April 20th, and was instantly killed. The wheels passed directly over its head, crushing it in a most shocking manner. The damages paid by the Northern railroad for land taken for the track of the road, &c, on the east side of Main street, as appraised by the State Railroad Commissioners, were as foUows : Per sq. rod. $15,46 . 12,31 14.40 . 9,39 14,26 . 51,61 5,43 . 13,23 9.14 . 7,32 Damages. Rods— length Abel Hutchins,f . eiooo . . 12 . 400 . . 6. Joseph Low,f . . . . 480 . . 6 . Benjamin Grover, . 601 . . 13. Mechanics' Bank, . . . 139 . . 3 . W. B. Safford, . . . 400 . . 3. Mary Ann Stickney, . .1000 . . 27 . Luther Farley, . . . 350 . . 6. Samuel Butterfield, . 551 . . 12 . Sarah Hall,t . . . . 251 . . 6. Area. i . 64 . . . . . 32} . . . 88J . . . . 64 . . • H . ¦ . . 7| . . . 183| . . . . 26} . . . 60£ . . . .841. • *JV. H. Patriot. fThe names above marked, cultivated their ground for gardens. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 477 Damages. Rods — length. Area. Per sq. rod. Woodbridge Odlin, . . 301 . . 8 . . 38 . . 7,92 John Whipple, . . . 148 . . 4. . • 20J . . . 6,83 George W. Ela, . . 400 . . 17 . . 83} . 4,72 Nancy West, .... 250 . . 26 . . 100 . . . 2,50 Samuel Morril,* . . 50 . . 13 . . 21} . 2,33 D. L. Morril,* . . . . 10 . . 2 . . . 2| . . . 3,61 E. S. Chadwick* . . . 11 . . 3 . . 3 . . 3,66 Nathaniel Bouton,* . . . 25 . . 8 . . . 7J. . . 3,42 Richard Herbert,* . . 400 . . 11 . . 57 . . 7,00 Samuel Herbert,* . . 200 . . 4. . .18 . . . 11,11 James Woolson and wife, 250 . . 5 . . 25 . . 10,00 Asa Fowler, .... .252 . . 5. . • 22£ . . . 10,90 William Prescott, . . . 233 . . 4 . . 21 . . . 11,10 Luey A. Jordan, 2d, . .175 . . 2*. . .10* • . . 16,66 Charles H. Stearns, . . 165 . . 2 . . 10} . . 16,56 Pecker & Lang, . . . .354 . . 10. . . 54 . . . 6,51 P. Lang and Smart, . . 500 . . 18 . . 93 . . . 5,45 Joseph B. Walker,! .508 . . 18 . . .68} . On Tuesday morning, May 5th, about half past one o'clock, a fire broke out in one of two bams, owned by Messrs. Joseph and WUUam Low, situated a few rods south of the lower de"p<5t of the Concord raUroad, just west of the track. Both bams were totally destroyed, together with about twelve tons of cotton waste and paper-rags, belonging to Peabody & DanieU, of Frank lin. A buggy-chaise, belonging to Gen. Low, and a small quan tity of hay, were also consumed. The fire arose from spontaneous combustion of the cotton waste. The ancient dwelUng-house, long owned by Dr. Peter Green, opposite the Court House, on the east side of Main street, and occupied by Irish famUies, with a small bam and shed in the rear, was nearly consumed by fire on Thursday afternoon, June 18th. Died in this town, in the evening of Tuesday, August 4th, Henry Harrison Carroll, Esq., aged 33 years ; editor and pro prietor of the N. H. Patriot and State Gazette. His disorder * The names above marked cultivated their ground for gardens. t Mr. Walker's land includes Horse-shoe pond. Other lands of his were purchased at private sale. 478 HISTORY OF CONCORD. was congestion of the brain, of which the partial loss of sight for the last three months had been but too sure a precurser, — end ing in twenty-three distinct fits of convulsion. Mr. CarroU graduated at Dartmouth College in 1836. As a political writer, for his age, " he was capable of wielding as strong a pen as any other editor in the State." A considerable shock of an earthquake was felt in this town and vicinity, for twenty or thirty mUes around, on Tuesday morning, August 25th, about five o'clock. The foundation for a new brick school-house, in district No. 10, for which $3,200 had been appropriated, was laid early in September. A man named Scales, a taUor, at the west parish of Concord, last week presented a note for eight hundred doUars, signed by himself as principal, and two sureties, to the cashier of the Mer rimack County Bank, and received the money therefor. It was afterwards found that the names of the sureties had been forged. Scales was arrested, five hundred doUars recovered, and then he escaped. Mr. Abel Hutchins raised a musk-melon in his garden, this season, four feet and two inches long ! At the age of 83, Mr. H. is industrious, and as active as most men of 60. A fire occurred Saturday, September 26th, in the house of Mr. Samuel Palmer, on Green street, corner of Warren street, which took from the pipe of a boarder, setting fire to a bed on which he lay down to take a nap after dinner. Died in this town, October 5th, at the house of his daughter, Mrs. Susan Webster, in the East viUage, very suddenly, Stephen Ambrose, Esq., aged 75. His disease was dropsy in the chest. Mr. A. rose at the usual hour in the morning, nearly completed dressing himself, and had been called to breakfast by his daugh ter, to which he answered. In about fifteen minutes afterward she opened the door of his room, and found him sitting in an upright posture in his arm chair — dead ! For more than forty years he was extensively known as a trader at the East viUage. He represented the town in the Legislature several years, and fiUed various important offices of trust and responsibUity, with abUity and credit. He was an ardent poUtician, embracing the INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 479 Whig cause, and was highly esteemed as a kind neighbor and an enterprising and useful citizen. At the failure of the Concord Bank he was its president.* Lieut. Joseph H. Potter, a son of Thomas D. Potter, Esq., of this town, who graduated at the West Point mUitary academy in 1843, was wounded in the battle of Monterey, September 21, 1846. In a letter to his friends here, dated September 27th, he says : " I was shot through the leg about two inches below the knee — the ball passing between the two bones of the leg and Out on the opposite side. I was wounded whUe storming a bat tery on one of the hills back of the town. We had three days hard fighting." An aged Man. Capt. John Palmer, who died in Canterbury in October, 1846, at the age of 102 years and 5 months, was for many years a resident in this town. He was bom in Marble- head, Mass., in May, 1744 ; foUowed the sea, in the East India trade, about thirty years, and in the Revolutionary war he was a Ueutenant and captain of a privateer. About 1790 he moved to Hopkinton, N. H., where he went into trade ; thence he moved to Concord, in March, 1794 ; from Concord to Canterbury, in 1800, and remained in the latter place till 1816, when he again returned to Concord and Uved with his son, Capt. John Palmer, Jr., in the house built by the latter on the Mountain, so caUed. In 1844 he returned to Canterbury, where he remained till his death. Capt. Palmer was smaU in stature — about five feet and four inches — but very spry and quick in his motions. Unfor tunate in business, he was reduced in his circumstances, and disheartened. For a few years he was somewhat irregular in his habits; but afterwards he became strictly temperate in drink and rather abstemious in food. In his old age he was industrious and active — working at the cooper business, which was his trade, in a little shop near his son's residence, on the Mountain, on the west side of the road. He continued to work till near one hun dred years of age. He retained his faculties of sight and hearing, and also his memory, till within a week of his death. [1847.] A meeting of teachers, and others interested in the improvement of schools and education generaUy, assembled at * See lists of officers, Sec. 480 HISTORY OF CONCORD. the Court-room, Friday afternoon, January 1st. Josiah Stevens, Esq., presided; Asa McFarland and Arthur Fletcher, Esqs., officiated as secretaries. In the evening Prof. Haddock, of Dartmouth CoUege, the State School Commissioner, deUvered an address. After he had concluded, Rev. Mr. Bouton introduced a series of resolutions, which, after a fuU discussion, were unan imously adopted. One hundred and ten couples attended the stagemen's baU in this town, on Friday evening, January 15th, and had a jovial time of it. The music and entertainment are said to have been excellent.* A meeting of the citizens of this town was held on Tuesday evening, February 23d, to take into consideration such measures as it might be deemed expedient to adopt for the refief of suffer ing caused by famine in Ireland. At this meeting a committee was appointed, who issued the foUowing notice : " The undersigned individuals, having been appointed a committee to receive and transmit to Ireland snch contributions of money, pro visions and clothing as may be made for those suffering from famine in that country, hereby give notice that they will receive and trans mit contributions for this purpose, made by the citizens of Concord and other towns, to Boston, free of expense, whence they will be transmitted free of expense by the committees in Boston to Ireland. Persons making donations in provisions or clothing are requested to forward them to the care of Gilmore & Clapp, in Concord, and dona tions in money to the care of E. S. Towle or George Minot, cashiers. Joseph B. Walker, Nathan Stickney, George Minot, Joseph A. Gilmore, Stephen Brown, Ebenezer S. Towle, Mitchell Gilmore, Jr., Concord, February 25, 1847." SaMTTEL G> BekEY' The following donations were sent in : From citizens of Concord, $1,293,02 " " " Pembroke, 5,25 " " " Gilmanton, 5,62 " 6th school district in Canterbury, 14,00 " citizens of Concord, 100 bushels of grain. " " " Pembroke, 168 " " " * JV. H. Patriot, January 31. INTERESTING incidents. 481 Died at Loudon, February 13th, Thomas Haines, a Revolu tionary soldier, aged 87, weU known in this vicinity as " old soldier Haines." He entered the army at the age of nineteen ; was at Ticonderoga in 1777, and in the retreat from that place was shot at and his woolen frock pierced in several places with bnUets — he being only sUghtly wounded. He escaped the pur suit of Indians by hiding in a deep ravine. , He was in the battle at Bemis's Heights, near Saratoga, and was shot down and lay among the dead more than forty-eight hours. When found, it seemed doubtful whether the breath of life was in him. He was wounded by a ball passing through his cheeks, from side to side, nearly cutting off his tongue and knocking out most of his teeth. His face bore the marks of mutilation tiU his death. In the latter years of his life he received a pension from government. Soldier Haines lived many years in a smaU house about four miles from Concord Main street, towards Chichester, and near the comer of the road leading to the nulls on Soucook river, known as Dickerman's mills. He often came into the main viUage, and was highly respected. He removed to Loudon only a few months before bis death. In answer to a caU* signed by one hundred and fourteen citizens of Concord, a large meeting of those " in favor of a vig orous and determined prosecution of the war with Mexico," was held at the Town HaU, on Monday evening, February 8 th. The meeting was caUed to order by Col. Josiah Stevens, and was organized by the choice of Jonathan Eastman, president ; Isaac Dow, Moses Shute, Francis N. Fisk, WiUiam Low, Nathan CaU, vice-presidents ; Joseph B. Walker and John M. HiU, secre taries. The meeting was addressed by Gen. Charles H. Peaslee, Franklin Pierce, Joseph Low, Charles F. Low, and a letter was read from Lieut. Joseph H. Potter, who was wounded at Monte rey, but was then in town. At this meeting Franklin Pierce, Joseph Low and WiUiam Butterfield were appointed to procure subscriptions " in aid of the citizens of New-Hampshire who are attached .to the regiment * See names in Hill's N. H. Patriot, February 11, 1847. 31 482 HISTORY OF CONCORD. of volunteers" under the command of Col. Caleb Cushing. A subscription from seventy-three individuals amounted to $310.* Hon. FrankUn Pierce having received the appointment of brigadier-general in the United States army for the Mexican war, on Monday evening, May 10th, an elegant sword was presented to him by ladies of Concord. In behalf of the fair ones, Mrs. N. B. Baker, in presenting the sword, addressed Gen. Pierce in a very happy and appropriate manner, to which the General responded.! A beautiful horse, lately purchased of Col. Fox, of Nashua, by gentlemen in this town, and intended as a present to Gen. Pierce, died last week from the effects of a sudden and severe cold. Since that event several gentlemen, distinguished for their liberality, have purchased and presented to Gen. Pierce tho fine black horse which has been owned by WiUiam Walker, Esq., the proprietor of the Eagle coffee-house.f Messrs. Fisk & Norcross, of Lowell, have employed the last winter about one hundred men, in cutting and drawing timber in tbe vicinity of the White mountains. In the month of May they had upwards of thirty thousand timber logs scattered along the Merrimack river, between Thornton and Concord. These logs are to be carried to LoweU and sawed into lumber for buUding purposes, in the steam saw-miU of Fisk & Norcross. * The following are the names of the subscribers and unteer Fund:" $20,00 . 30,00 5,00 the amount subscribed for the *' Vol- Gen. Joseph Low Franklin Pierce, Abel Baker, . . /. M. Hill, 5,00 Nathan Call, . . . 5,00 L. S. Noyes 2,00 Benjamin Grover, . 10,00 H. Langley, . . ' . . 2,50 M. S. Judjtins, ... ,50 h. M. Kimball, (Hillsbo rough,) 1,00 D. G. Fuller, . . . 2,00 John McDaniel, . . . 3,00 Cyrus Barton, . . . 5,00 Jonathan Currier, . . 1,00 Samuel G Berry, . . 2,50 C A. W. Folsom, . . £,00 Joseph Greeley, . . 5,00 N. B. Baker, .... 5,50 Ezra Carter, . . . 5,00 J. A. Potter, .... 5,00 H. Houston, .... 2,00 Charles H. Peaslee, . 10,00 Parker West, (Manches ter,) 5,00 G. W. Morrison, do. 5,00 t JV. H. Patriot, May 13, 1847, Jacob Carter, . . . John Lull J. Blodgett, .... Joseph Robinson, . . Samuel B. Larkin, . . Cyrus Hill, .... John H. George, . . Isaac Dow R. T. Leavitt, . . . 8. C. Badger, . . . George Minot, . . . L. Runlet, (Manchester, Daniel Poor, .... Jonathan Eastman, . H. N. Harvey, . . . W. Johnson, . . . T. P. Treadwell, . . Josiah Minot, . . . John Petienglll, . . . John L. Tallant, . . Josiah Stevens, . . . Philip Sargent, . . . W. H. Wyman, . . . George Jones, (Bradford J. C Duncklee, . . . J. S. Hatcbman, . . 3,00 1,001,00 10,00 3,00 10,00 5,00 1,002,00 1,005,00 )5,00 5,003,00 1,00 1,00 5,00 5,00 2,00 2,005,00 2,00 1,00 ,)2,on 1,00 1,00 True Osgood, . . Atkinson Webster, R. G. Wyman, . . William Butterfield, W. P. Hill, . . . E. A. Bodwell, (Man Chester,) . . . S. G. Sylvester, . , Emery Burgess, . William Low, . , Nathaniel Rolfe, . J. A. Gilmore, . William Hopkins, Ebenezer Symmes, John Gass, .• . . J. E. Lang, . . , J. B. Walker, . • F. N. Fisk, . . . William Prescott, . Abiel Walker, . , Cash, Franklin Low, . , Perkins Gale, . . J. F. Brown, . . . Total, • . . . 5,00 3,00 1,00 5,00 5,003,00 2,00 5,003,003,00 20,00 1,00 3,00 5,00 3,00 5,00 5,003,005,00 ,50 5,00 3,00 2,00 $310,00 INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 483 On the first of July, 1847, James K. Polk, president of the United States, visited the capital of New-Hampshire, and was received and entertained in a manner worthy of the high station he occupied. Patrick Hart, of this town, a young man in the employ of the Concord Railroad, as brakeman, was so severely injured near LoweU, on Monday evening, August 30th, that he survived the accident but a few hours. The Ancient and Honorable ArtiUery, of Boston, under com mand of Gen. J. S. Tyler, celebrated their two hundred and eleventh anniversary on Thursday, September 9, by a visit to the capital of the Granite State. This corps, accompanied by Flagg's brass band, arrived by the noon train. Disembarking a short distance below the village, they formed in column and marched to the foot of Main street, at which point they were received by the Concord Light Infantry, Capt. Charles A. Davis, attended by the FisherviUe band. After the usual ceremonies of reception by the military, Gen. C. H. Peaslee, in behalf of the citizens, welcomed this time-honored corps to the hospitalities of Concord. Lieut. Charles F. Low, son of Gen. Joseph Low, of this town, saUed for Vera Cruz from New- York, on the 17th of September, with eighty-five recruits of the ninth regiment. Died in this town, October 6, Mr. Andrew WiUey, aged 96 years ; the oldest man in town. Sergeant John C. StoweU and Henry F. CarsweU, both of the ninth regiment, and both lately printers in the N. H. Patriot office, died at the camp near the city of Mexico about the first of September. The former was very severely wounded in the battle of the 20th of August. CarsweU died of fever. Died in this town, November 7, Col. John Carter, a revolu tionary pensioner and colonel in a regiment in the war of 1812, aged 88 year3 and 5 months. Col. C. was a native of Concord, and at the time of his decease was the second oldest resident of the place. He was always a firm and consistent democrat, and lover of his country.* .On Thursday night, December 2, about eleven o'clock, the * JV. H. Patriot, November 11. 484 HISTORY OF CONCORD. cabinet shop of Mr. Charles E. West, adjoining the foundry, on Warren street, was discovered to be on fire. It had made such progress before it was discovered that the buUding was nearly consumed before it was extinguished. Loss about $1,500. Four young men, Messrs. PettengiU, Bickford, Ricker and Marden, mechanics employed in the shop, lost their tools, valued at about $200. [1848.] On Wednesday, January 19, the large and nearly new dwelling-house and barn of M. N. Brown, situated in the north-eastern part of Concord, were entirely destroyed by fire, together with most of his household furniture, thirty or forty tons of hay, a large quantity of grain, farming tools, and a young horse, &c, amounting in value to about $2,500. Insured for $775. Gen. Pierce arrived in this town, on return from Mexico, Jan uary 27, and was received with distinguished honor. It was estimated that between three and four thousand persons were at the raUroad depot to greet him. At the Dep8t HaU he made a public address. In the evening, a public levee was held at the State House, where he received the congratulations of his friends. The body of a child, enveloped in a napkin and handkerchief, was found May 1, by some young people who were out " May ing," in the woods west of the viUage, near what is known as the New Colony. From appearances when discovered it had proba bly laid there nearly a week. Died in this town, May 19, Capt. Samuel Davis, in the 90th year of his age. He was a Revolutionary soldier, and for several years the oldest native of the town. Hi a life was characterized by industry, integrity, and a faithful discharge of life's duties. He spent much of his time in old age in reading the Holy Scrip tures. A beautiful monument has lately been cut from Concord gran ite, at Mr. Luther Roby's stone-yard, at the north end of Main street, to be erected in West Cambridge, Massachusetts, on the spot where Jason RusseU and eleven other American citizens were killed by the British army on the 19th of April, 1775. On Tuesday, September 12, Charles West, son of Hazen K. West, of this viUage, was struck, at the north end of Main street, INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 485 by a boy named Quinn. There had been some controversy be tween them in the former part of the day ; and upon meeting, towards night, the latter boy struck West several blows with a stake over the head. He died the next morning. The boys were about 15 years of age. Quinn ran away. Mr. Theodore A. HaU died in this town on Thursday, Octo ber 12, under the following circumstances : Being employed in the wood-shop of the Northern railroad company, on the Saturday previous, he received a severe blow from another workman, which took effect in the region of the chest, or stomach. No bad con sequences were apprehended at first ; but he soon became very iU, and died in five days after receiving the injury. No malicious intention was imputed to the person who struck him. On Friday morning, November 24, about two o'clock, as Gen. Joseph Low was returning from a visit to a sick friend, in passing the block opposite Gass's hotel he heard something resembling the cry of an infant in an entry-way next door to S. E. Brown's store. Proceeding to the spot he found a Uttle male infant, apparently about two weeks old, lying on the floor, upon its face, nearly stifled. Gen. Low took the foundling home, and gave it proper care until provided for by the town. Died in this town, on the 28th of January, of paralysis of the left side, after an illness of about ten days, Hon. David Law rence Morril, aged 77 years.* The buUding owned by Capt. Ebenezer Symmes, and occupied as a bakery and confectionery estabUshment, was discovered to be on fire on Tuesday morning, February 13. The night was intensely cold, and the fire had made considerable headway at the time of the discovery ; yet, by judicious management, it was extinguished. The fire took from ashes which had been thrown out near the buUding, communicating to a flight of outer stairs, and thence running to the buUding itself. On Tuesday evening, February 13, at half past ten o'clock, the quiet of our usuaUy peaceful village was broken by the cries of fire and the ringing of bells. The extensive coach manufac tory of J. Stevens Abbot, Esq., (formerly Downing & Abbot,) was found to be on fire, which had made such progress before its discovery as to baffle the exertions of the fire department. The * See Biography. 486 HISTORY OF CONCORD. entire establishment, with the exception of a large blacksmith's shop, (a fire proof buUding,) was in a few hours laid in ashes. An Irishman, named Michael Storan, committed suicide in this town on Tuesday morning, April 8, by drowning himself in the Merrimack river. Died in this town, March 30, Isaac Emery, Esq., aged 80 years. Mr. Emery was a native of this town, and was for many years the weU known landlord of a pubfic house on the east side of the river. He had been twice elected a member of the Leg islature, and had held a number of important stations in the gift of his fellow-citizens. In the evening of March 17, Mr. Henry Larkin, an Irishman of this village, drank by mistake — supposing it to be brandy — a quantity of poison, (tincture of aconite,) enough to kiU fifty men ; and was immediately thrown into the most dreadful convul sions, and died in about twenty minutes. The presentation of the sword voted by the Legislature of the State of New-Hampshire to Gen. Pierce, took place June 27, at half past four o'clock, P. M., in front of the State House. The sword was presented by Gov. Samuel Dinsmoor, in presence of a large number of the members of the Legislature and of citizens. A serious accident, resulting in the death of one individual and the serious injury of two others, occurred on the Concord and Claremont raUroad upon the occasion of its opening to War ner, on Friday, September 21. Mr. Matthew G. Gould, of Sutton, aged about 20 years, was accidentally thrown from the platform of a car near Farnum's crossing, and his legs were shockingly crashed, so that death ensued. George E. Farnum, aged 15 years, eldest son of Dea. Benja min Famum, of this town, was fatally injured on Tuesday eve ning, September 18, by falling from a scaffolding to the lower floor in his father's barn, thereby fracturing his skull and breaking his right thigh, causing his death in two or three days. The clothing store of F. C. Edmunds, in this place, was broken open on the night before Thanksgiving, and about one hundred dollars' worth of clothing stolen therefrom. A small trunk, con taining papers of little value, was taken, but was found the next morning near the Free bridge. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 487 On Friday, December 14, about half past twelve o'clock, the large three story wooden block on Main street, next south of the Eagle coffee-house, caUed Butterfield's block, was discovered to be on fire, and before men enough to resist it had assembled, the fire had made such progress as to render it impossible to save the buUding, and it was entirely consumed, together with the two story buUding next south, owned and occupied by Abraham Prescott & Sons, for the manufacture and sale of musical instru ments. . Next to that were two " ten footers," and then a two story dwelUng-house, all owned by Col. Benjamin Grover — the first of which was nearly burned up and the others considerably injured. Died in this town, December 22, Mrs. Mary Abbot, aged 85 — just three weeks after the death of her husband, Mr. Samuel Abbot. They had Uved together in wedded life sixty-three years, and in their death were not long divided. [1850.J Mr. Peter -Jenness, of Chichester, was instantly kUled, on Saturday, February 9, at the crossings of the raUroads and Free bridge road. He was coming into the village with a horse and sleigh, just as the eleven o'clock train on the Concord and Claremont railroad was starting out, and either supposing the train had not started, and wishing to cross before it, or for some other reason, he whipped his horse into a very fast gait, and just as the horse had cleared the track, and the sleigh had got square upon it, the engine struck him and kiUed him in stantly — cutting, tearing and mangUng his body in a horrible manner. Mr. Jenness was a respectable farmer, about 53 years of age, and has left a wife and children. Daniel Prince, residing on Pleasant street, committed suicide by cutting his throat with a knife, on Saturday evening, March 23. He survived until Tuesday morning. He was 67 years of age, and leaves a wife. The only cause assigned for this act was the fear of pecuniary troubles, which had no real foundation. Died in this town, in May, Mr. Nathaniel Ewer, aged 77. He ate his dinner as usual, and, going out of his house, suddenly fell and died. The grocery and provision store of W. OdUn & Co., in this village, was broken into one night last week, and about twenty- 488 HISTORY OF CONCORD. five doUars in money stolen therefrom. It was probably entered by means of a false key.* On Friday, November 15, upon the Poor Farm in this town, two men were engaged in blasting rocks, and whUe one of them was charging a seam from a keg of powder which he held under his arm, the charge exploded, igniting the powder in the keg, and very seriously injuring and burning both of the men. Nei ther of them were fataUy injured, but it is a wonder that both were not MUed. Their names were SuUivan Davis and Corliss. Another horrible accident occurred on the Concord and Clare mont railroad on Tuesday morning, attended with the loss of two Uves. As the morning train was coming through the cut at Farnum's ledge, about two miles above this viUage, where the highway crosses the track diagonally, it came in contact with a two horse wagon, containing a gentleman and lady coming into' town. The horses had barely crossed the track, and the wagon was upon it, when the engine struck the wagon, staving it in pieces, and passing over the bodies of its occupants, horribly mangling and instantly killing the lady, and so injuring the man that he soon died. The persons were WiUiam Coult and wife, of Manchester, aged about 55 years. They had been on a journey to Vermont and Western New-York, and were just re turning home, when thus suddenly caUed to another world. [1851.] On Monday night, November 3, between eleven and twelve o'clock, the dweUing of Mr. David Tandy, near the Sand lull, so called, was assailed by several young men, and violence committed. The assailants on reaching the house com menced calling for the sons of Mr. Tandy, threatening violence if they came out, and that the house would be demolished if they remained within it, accompanying their threats with a voUey of oaths. The sons, David and Calvin L., went out to resist the assault, when they were saluted by stones, one of which struck Calvin L. Tandy in the forehead, just above the right eye, and fractured his skull. Missionary Convention. A convention was held at the North church, in this town, on the 4th and 5th of November, * JV. H. Patriot, September 19, 1850. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 489 the object of which was to obtain more fuU information respecting the state of nations unenUghtened by Christianity, and to awaken and diffuse more of a missionary spirit in churches. The con vention was weU attended by ministers and others from different parts of the country ; and great interest was given to the meeting by the presence and addresses of Rev. Mr. GoodeU, a returned missionary of the American Board, who has spent about thirty years in the service, and of Dr. Pomroy, one of the secretaries of the Board. Gen. Robert Davis, of this town, sustained serious injury on Monday, October 6, by falling from the roof of his dwelling- house, whither he went to remove leaves and other obstructions in the gutter. He had a hook attached to a pole — being accus tomed to ascend the roof for a simUar purpose — which he ap- pUed to the ridge-pole, and descended towards the gutter. The hook became detached from the pole, and Gen. Davis was pre cipitated to the ground, breaking one thigh and being otherwise injured. Mr. Stephen Chase, formerly a resident of the East Village, died in Conway a few days since, at the age of 67. Mr. Chase wiU be remembered by those who were boys in 1812-15, as being the man who had the honor of carrying and beating the first base drum ever seen in the world-renowned Eleventh Regiment of New-Hampshire mUitia, at a muster which took place on the " lower interval," as it is caUed, east of Federal bridge.* The most destructive conflagration ever known in Concord took place on Monday night, August 25, about eleven o'clock. The flames were first discovered issuing from a long, three story wooden buUding, known as " Mechanics' Row," immediately in rear of the apothecary store of Mr. E. H. RoUins, and which was surrounded by structures as combustible as itself. The fire rapidly spread to the stable of the Eagle coffee-house ; thence to a new and elegant brick building, caUed the " Merchants' Ex change ;" near the same time enveloping wooden buildings on the south, owned by Mr. Abraham Prescott and Col. Grover, and on the north the Eagle coffee-house and the brick block »JV. H. Statesman, October 25. 490 HISTORY OF CONCORD. occupied for stores, together with all the wooden buUdings in the rear. The fire was finally arrested on the north at the buUding with brick ends, still standing, owned by Mrs. M. A. Stickney, and on the south by the brick building known as Low's block. AU the intermediate buildings — forming the business centre on the east side of Main street — were destroyed, with much of their contents. The buUdings were mostly insured. The fight of this great fire was seen over nearly every part of New- Hampshire — as far as Franconia ; also in Thetford, Vermont, eighty-four miles ; and in Portland, Maine, one hundred miles from Concord. At Portsmouth, it is said, it appeared as if only twelve or fifteen miles distant, and at Francestown it shone into sleeping chambers like the light of the waning moon. The owners or occupants of the buUdings burnt and principal sufferers were as follows : Benjamin Grover, Abraham Prescott, Prescott & Brothers, Jane Dustin, Allison & Gault, Porter, Rolfe & Brown, William Walker, Jr., E. H. RoUins, Mrs. M. A. Stickney— owners ; John Gibson, of the Eagle hotel ; Jacob Carter & Son, C. W. Gardner, J. & C. Munroe, C. W. Harvey, Nathaniel Evans, Jr., Page & Fay, Johnson & Dewey, Moore & CUley, C. E. Savory & Co., Brown & Young, G. P. Lyon, Sylvester Dana, Ephraim Eaton, B. W. Sanbom, McFarland & Jenks, J. Prescott & Co., G. D. Abbot, Fogg & Wiggin, Dr. T. Haynes, David Winkley, R. C. Osgood, H. A. & A. H. Bellows, Peaslee & George, C. Ainsworth, James Peverly, Tripp & Osgood, G. Bullock, B. Gage, S. G. Sylvester, Miss A. Hamlin, Reed & Stanley, Norton & Crawford — occupants. Discourses of a kind naturally suggested by the fire were de livered to most, if not aU of the congregations here, on the fol lowing Sabbath. Mr. John F. Brown, of this town, the weU known book-seUer and publisher, presented us on Wednesday with an apple raised by himself, which weighs seventeen ounces, and the greatest cir cumference of which is thirteen and a half inches.* The mansion house of the late Gov. Hill was purchased on Monday, September 22, by Isaac Danforth, Esq., of Boston. The price at which it was bid off was $4,450. * Statesman, September 27. INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 491 The freight train down over the Northern raUroad, last week, consisted of one hundred and ninety-four, and on Tuesday, Oc tober 7, of two hundred and forty-two loaded cars. [1852.] On new year's day two of our young men were removed from us' by death. Mr. MarshaU B. Colby, station agent on the Claremont road at the Mast Yard d6p6t, was crushed to death between two cars, and Mr. Lyman Aldrich died on the same day of inflammation of the lungs, following a course of typhus fever. The funeral services of both were at tended on the foUowing Sabbath, at the West Parish church. Sermon by Rev. A. P. Tenney. On Friday morning, January 23, between three and four o'clock, a fire was discovered in a smaU wooden buUding on the Free bridge road, within a few feet of a range of wooden build ings on Main street, owned by Mrs. Mary Ann Stickney, to which the fire was soon communicated, and the whole were de stroyed. The occupants of the consumed buildings were Daniel A. HiU, furniture ware-house ; David Symonds, harness maker ; Day & Emerson, marble workers ; WiUiam Gilman, shoe maker ; Eben Hall, tin-ware manufacturer ; Joel C. Danforth, whip man ufacturer, and Moore & Jenkins, market house. On Friday morning, April 23, the interval on both sides of the Merrimack river was completely covered with water, extend ing from immediately east of Main street to the " Dark plain." There was an unbroken sheet of water from the foot of the hill, near the Walker bam, to the East Village. In the distance Kearsarge mountain was seen white with snow. John McAlpin, assistant road-master on the Concord Railroad, was instantly kiUed on Wednesday, April 21, by being thrown from a gravel train, which passed over him. He leaves a wife and four children. On Wednesday, May 19, Rev. Augustus Woodbury, pastor of the Unitarian church in this town, while examining a jam of logs, owned by Fisk & Norcross, at the Concord lower bridge, having stepped upon the timber, fell into the water ; and such was the rapidity of the stream, he was instantly carried beneath the thickly imbedded logs, to a point some sixty feet from the upper end of the jam. Fortunately he was rescued from his perilous 492 HISTORY OF CONCORD. situation — when death seemed inevitable — by two of the men in Fisk & Norcross's employ. Their names were John Crawford and Abbot Haynes, both of the State of Maine. A fire occurred on Saturday, May 29, about five, P. M., in the large house — formerly Washington hotel — owned by Mr. Charles Smart, north end of Main street. It was extinguished without much damage. The new jaU, located about three-fourths of a mUe from the Main street, at the intersection of Warren and Pleasant streets, was finished the last of May. The site, including about ten acres of land, was purchased of Mrs. M. A. Stickney for $1,100. The building was erected at an expense of $11,000. The labor was performed mostly by contract. The stone work by John C. and Francis Farnum ; the wood work by Cross and Warren ; the brick work and Blating by James C. Whittemore ; the copper work and plumbing by J. D. Cooper, and the iron work at the State Prison. The plan was designed by Messrs. George A. PUlsbury, Luther McCutcheon and John Tennant, committee, in connection with John MiUer, architect. The body of an Irishman, named John Montgomery, was dis covered floating in the Merrimack river, near the Free bridge, on Wednesday, A. M., June 30. Montgomery, who was lately in the employ of Robinson & MorriU, tanners, of the East VUlage, was intemperate ; and late on Saturday night was in company with one John Quinn and other Irishmen — the whole company having indulged, in the course of the evening, in frequent pota tions. An inquest on the body was held by Seth Eastman, Esq., and the following verdict returned : " That said Montgomery came to his death on Sunday morning, 27th June, by the hands of some person or persons unknown ; and that John Quinn was the person last known to have been in company with him before his death." The fourth of July was celebrated in Concord pretty much as usual. The bells were rung and salutes fired at sunrise, noon and sunset ; chowder parties came off at Long pond and other favorite resorts, and the boys wound up the whole with a Uttle fun in the evening. Mr. P. C. Holmes, aged 20, son of Charles Holmes, Esq., of INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 493 Dunbarton, clerk in the store of Mr. B. Plummer Whipple, of Concord, was drowned in the Merrimack river, under the Free bridge, on Sunday morning, between five and six o'clock, where he went to bathe with another young man. His body was found next day about four, P. M., being raised by the firing of cannon on the bank of the river. Wednesday, August 25, is the anniversary of the great fire in Concord last year. New and elegant buUdings have already been erected upon the ruins, and nearly aU are tenanted, or ready for occupancy. The hotel, on the site of the old Eagle coffee-house, is to be opened on the first of November, by Maj. John Gibson, and wiU be the most spacious and elegant in the State.* An elegant and lofty flag-staff, or Uberty pole, near the State House yard, on Main street, was erected in August, by the " Granite Club," at a cost, with the flag, of three hundred doUars. The main pole is ninety-three feet in length. The flag pole about sixty. The pole and staff were cut in Dunbarton. The flag-staff erected this season in West Concord is one hundred and ten feet high. Died in this town, September 8, very suddenly, Mr. John Park Gass, aged 58, extensively known as the popular keeper of various pubUc hotels. Mr. Gass was named for his uncle, Stuart J. Park, Esq.f His mother was S. J. Park. In 1816 he came to Concord with his uncle, and was the overseer of the State Prison convicts, to learn them to hammer stone for the State House. After the State House was finished, Mr. Gass and Dearborn Johnson hired the prisoners to work for them, up to 1820. He then went to Columbia, South Carolina, and buUt locks and canals on Saluda river, and made a handsome sum of money. Returning to Concord, he bought the Columbian hotel of Maj. Peter Robertson, kept the hotel until 1826, went to Boston, kept the Back-street houso, now called Salem-street, stayed there a few months, then went to New- York, and kept the Broadway house until the faU of 1829. At the request of Isaac HU1 he then returned to Concord and took the Eagle coffee-house, and kept it until 1834 — having for about two years • JV. H. Statesman. X See notice of Mr. Park, p. 365, note. 494 HISTORY OF CONCORD. of the same time the charge also of the Columbian hotel. In 1834, in connection with his son John, he buUt the American house, where he continued till 1847, when he went into the gro cery business in a store fitted up in the basement of the old " Emmons house," immediately north of the hotel. Mr. Gass was one of the most agreeable and popular taverners in New- Hampshire. His accommodations were always on a Uberal scale, in which he himself participated ; attentive to his guests, socia ble and witty in his remarks, he rarely faUed to give satisfaction. Mr. Gass died suddenly of apoplexy and congestion of the lungs. He left an only son, Mr. John Gass, proprietor of the American house, and three daughters. Susan, the eldest, married George Wood ; Jane Park, married Sullivan H. Sanborn ; Mary Ann, married OUver Greeley. Three hundred and eighty-two cars, loaded with five stock, passed down over the Concord RaUroad on Tuesday, September 14, besides the regular freight trains, amounting in aU to five hundred and thirty-four cars.* Omnibds. Mr. George Dame, of the PavUion hotel, has started an omnibus, which runs twice, hourly, between the north end of Main street and the d£p6t. Upon the panels are views of the State House, Depdt, and Main street, and a likeness of Gen. Franklin Pierce, painted by Mr. Wolcott, in the employ of J. S. Abbot & Co. This was the first omnibus started in Concord. News of the death of Hon. Daniel Webster, at Marsbfield, Massachusetts, on Sunday morning, October 24, twenty-two minutes before three o'clock, was received in Concord by tele graph at nine o'clock the same morning. The bells of the town were immediately tolled, flags that were on public buUdings were lowered half-mast, and the several clergymen in their church services made appropriate allusions to the national bereavement. On Monday morning, at ten o'clock, most of the stores and offices on Main street were closed, and the citizens, as if moved by a spontaneous impulse, assembled in the Representatives' Hall in the State House, to express in an appropriate manner their feefings on the mournful occasion. A large number of ladies were also present. The meeting was called to order by Edward H. » JV. B. Patriot INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 495 Parker, M. D., when prayer was offered by Rev. Dr. Bouton. Hon. Ira Perley was chosen chairman, and Dr. Parker secretary. On taking the chair Judge Perley made an appropriate and impressive address. A committee, consisting of W. H. Bartlett, Richard Bradley, N. B. Baker, Ezra Carter, and H. A. Bellows, was then chosen, to report resolutions appropriate to the mourn ful occasion. On the resolutions being offered, Gen. Franklin Pierce, then in nomination as a candidate for the presidency of the United States, made an address, in which he used the impressive words, " How do mere earthly honors and distinctions fade amid a gloom like this ! How political asperities are chastened — what a lesson to the living ! What an admonition to personal malevo lence, now awed and subdued, as the great' heart of the NATION THROBS HEAVILY AT THE PORTALS OF HIS GRAVE."* On Monday evening, January 3, as Hon. Henry Hubbard, of Charlestown, was going from the Eagle hotel, in stepping from the sidewalk at the north end of the block his feet sUpped, he fell heavily upon the ice, and struck his left arm upon the curb stone, breaking the bone above the elbow. For this accident the gov ernor sued the town for damages, and obtained a verdict in his favor for about $800. Benjamin, the only son of Gen. FrankUn Pierce, was instantly kUled on Thursday, January 6, by a terrible accident to the cars on the Boston and Maine railroad, about one mUe from Andover, Mass. In company with his parents he had just left the house of his uncle, John Aiken, Esq., of Andover, for Concord. The cars, running at a rapid rate, were suddenly thrown from the track, and precipitated down a rocky embankment of twenty feet or more. At the time of the occurrence the beautiful boy was standing near his parents, and when the cars went over it was supposed he was thrown forward in such a manner as to fracture his skull and produce instant death. It is remarkable that he was the only one killed, although some were severely and many shghtly injured. His remains were conveyed back to the house of Mr. Aiken, where funeral services were performed on the Monday following, in the presence of a numerous and sorrowing assembly. Rev. * See report of proceedings, Slc, JV. H. Patriot, October 27, 1852. 496 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Henry E. Parker, of Concord, officiated. About sixty persons from Concord attended as sympathising friends. Twelve lads, associates and school-mates of " Uttle Benny," attended as pall bearers. After the services at Andover the remains of the dear boy were brought to Concord and foUowed by an immense pro cession from the De"p6t to the ancient burying-ground, at the north end of the viUage, where they were deposited in the family enclosure, beside those of his deceased brother, Robert, who died November 14, 1843, aged 4 years and 2 months. The sUver plate on the coffin of the deceased bears the foUowing inscrip tion : " Benjamin Pierce, died January 6, 1853, aged 11 years and 9 months." The dweUing-house of Mr. Isaac F. Williams, opposite the South church, took fire on Sunday, January 16, a Uttle past noon — originating probably from a defect in the chimney. It was soon extinguished. The damage from fire and water is esti mated at between two and three hundred doUars. On the 24th of February, John Virgin,* commonly called " Un cle John," or " Old John," was found dead in a smaU hut near Sugar BaU, where he had Uved alone about three years. He was discovered by Mr. Moses Cass and Mr. True George, upon whose information a coroner's inquest was held by Seth East man, Esq. When found he was lying on the floor, with only a shirt on, one hand in the stove, (in which was no fire,) and his lower limbs frozen. Virgin was a soldier from Concord in the war of 1812, and was with General Harrison at the battle of " Tippecanoe" — which was a theme for his boasting as long as he Uved. He was an invalid, having an ulcerous sore on one of his legs, which was very offensive. Virgin received a pension of $96 a year from the government, and npon this he determined to five independently of every body. Refusing the offer of as sistance from the town, he Uved alone the latter part of his life, in his little hut, in a most wretched and filthy condition, exposed to the severities of winter, and sometimes without sufficient food, or wood to warm him. He would occasionally visit the main viUage, where his haggard appearance and his loud, patriotic ha rangues, always excited attention !f Virgin was a man of vio- * See page 47. t See sketch of Virgin in the Concord Directory, published by Charles H. Wheler, 185a INTERESTING INCIDENTS. 497 lent passions. He had no friends, because he would not have them. He lived alone, died alone, and was buried alone. At the order of the selectmen, on the evening of the day that he was found his body was taken by the sexton, Joseph Brown, and carried to the hearse-house, in the burying-ground by the old North Church. Next morning at 11 o'clock he was buried with out the attendance of a single person, except the sexton. It is but just to remark, that notwithstanding Virgin spent his last days in so wretched a condition, the selectmen repeatedly offered him assistance, and would gladly have made him comfort able. Individuals, also, from the main viUage sent him many little comforts ; and the families near him, at Sugar Ball, partic- larly Mr. Samuel CUfford's and Joseph Lougee's, looked after him, and from their own table often sent him warm food, and in winter provided him with wood. When he came into Main street people treated him kindly, and even with a degree of re spect. Some were always ready to listen to his eloquent ha rangues, and to applaud him. He had remarkable fluency and command of large words. The foUowing is a specimen, taken from Wheler's Directory, of 1853 : " When the ' Old Hero,' as ' Uncle John' called General Harrison, was up for the Presidency, he had no more ardent or sincere sup porter than John Virgin. We remember him then ; and, in imagi nation, we seem to see him coming down the street with his peculiar gait, staff in hand. Some one accosts him. He halts with military precision and promptness. ' Good morning, Uncle John !' ' Ah ! good morning, my friend .' ' How is the election going, Uncle John ?' And then he brings up the cane from the ground ; he un consciously assumes an oratorical attitude, and then breaks out in the following style : ' Ah ! (rising inflection) the gallant General Harrison ! whose name has always been allied with victory ! illuminating the great American heart like the briUiant meteor, as it madly dashes through the Universe ! The heroic General Harrison ! whose name, that once struck terror to the hearts of his country's enemies, shall cause still greater consternation among his political foes, when, like the deep rumbling earthquake, or the irresistible tornado, he shall ascend to the throne of the people's grateful heart ! ' Glory to the noble General William Henry Harrison ! whose fame has already burst upon the distant nations with the swiftness of the comet and the brightness of the lightning's glare ! Ever shall his name glow like the sun at mid-day, and the stars by night ! [Orator ical pause.] Ah ! what mighty voice is that I hear ? It is the 32 498 HISTORY OF CONCORD. howl of the angry ocean waves, as they madly dash against the earth- bound rocks ! Ah ! 't is the uprising of the glorious American peo ple in their majesty, speaking in thunder-tones ; reverberating from North to South, from East to West, — The gallant Harrison is our President !' " At times some wight is hardy enough to disparage the hero of ' Uncle John's' laudation — but wo to him ! 'By all the mighty cat aracts!' begins the enraged orator; and before he is through with him he drives him into the knot-hole of his insignificance, and then kicks his diminished shadow in after him ! But Uncle John is gene rally very kindly treated, whatever may be the political complexion of his audience." On the 5th of March, Benjamin Hazen, child of Mr. Robert P. Kimball, aged 2 years and 9 months, accidentaUy feU into a pail of hot water, and was scalded to death. CITY OP CONCORD. The City Charter, which, as already stated, was granted by the New-Hampshire Legislature July 6, 1849, has been pub lished in a permanent form, and distributed generally among the citizens. It is, therefore, deemed unnecessary here to insert it. Strongly attached as many of the people were to the usages of the town organization, and not having experienced personally much inconvenience on account of the increase of population and correspondent changes in the business affairs of the town, they were reluctant to hazard a change from a town to a city govern ment, especially as it was apprehended that the expenses would thereby be greatly enhanced. One strong argument in favor of a city government was found in the inconvenience of the annual town meeting in one place. The number of voters having in creased to upwards of two thousand, the annual meeting, in contested elections, was necessarily protracted and tedious — requiring, in repeated instances, four, five and six days to choose officers and transact the ordinary business of the town. INCORPORATED A CITY. 499 On the question of the adoption of the city charter, four trials were had, which resulted as foUows : VOTES UPON THE ADOPTION Sept. 22, 1849. Whole number of votes cast, 820 . Nays, 637 . Yeas 183 . Majority against adoption, . 454 . Majority in favor, * OF THE CITY CHARTER. May 17, 1851. March 13, 1852. March 10, 1853. . . . 721 . . 1072 . . . 1387 . 582 . . 614 . . . 559 . 139 . . 458 . . . 828 . 443 . . 156 . 269 The first election under the charter adopted by the town on the 10th of March, took place on Saturday, the 26th of the same month. There were three candidates for mayor,* viz. : Richard Bradley, Joseph Low and Asa Fowler. The result of the vote was as foUows : Bradley. Ward 1 87 . " 2 59 . 3.4. 5.6. 7. . 73 135 102 113 . 75 Low. . 42 . 86 . 25 170- 189157 . 80 Fowler. . 3 . 7 . 5 . 25 . 46 , 33 , 7 644 749 126 Majority against Low, 21 At the first election the foUowing gentlemen were chosen to office in the several wards, viz. : ALDERMEN. Ward 1. John Batchelder. " 2. John L. Tallant. " 3. Joseph Eastman. " 4. Robert Davis. Ward 5. Edson Hill. " 6. Matthew Harvey. " 7. Josiah Stevens. Wardl. " 2. " 3. " 4. COMMON COUNCIL. Jeremiah S. Durgin, Eben F. Elliot. Samuel B. Larkin, Heman Sanborn. George W. Brown, Moses Humphrey. Ezra Carter, George Minot. •See A-. H. Statesman, April 2, 1853. 500 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Ward 5. William H. H. Bailey, Cyrus Barton. " 6. Ebenezer G. Moore, Thomas Bailey. " 7. Moses Shute, Giles W. Ordway. ASSESSORS AND MODERATORS. Assessors. Moderators. Ward 1 Nathan Chandler Jeremiah S. Durgin. " 2 William Pecker Timothy W. Emery. " 3 John Abbot Daniel Holden. " 4 Jonathan E. Lang John H. George. . " 5 Nathan Call John L. Hadley. " 6 William M. Carter N. B. Baker. " 7 Jeremiah S. Noyes Josiah Stevens. CLERKS. Ward 1. James D. Page. " 2. John M. Dearborn. " 3. Elbridge Dimond. " 4. J. B. Smart. Ward 5. MitcheU Gilmore. " 6. John F. Brown. " 7. James M. Otis. SELECTMEN. Ward 1. Albert H. Drown, Samuel F. Brown, Rufus D. Scales. " 2. Thos. D. Potter, Isaac Virgin, Zebulon Smith. " 3. Simeon Abbot, Hiram Farnum, Jeremiah S. Abbot. « 4. Lyman A. Walker, Thos. A. Ambrose, Jas. H. Buswell. " 5. Jona. Sargent, Benj. Coffin, Jr., George A. Pillsbury. " 6. James F. Lund, Joseph H. Mace, Caleb Parker. " 7. Atkinson Webster, Isaac Abbott, James Thompson. SCHOOL BOARD. Ward 1. Edmund Worth. " 2. Henry A. Kendall. " 3. Asa P. Tenney. " 4. Eleazer Smith. Ward 5. Chas. P. Gage. " 6. Jas. W. Sargent. " 7. Josiah Stevens. On Tuesday, the 5th of April, a second and successful effort was made to elect a mayor, the vote in the several wards being as follows : Bradley. Low. Scat. Wardl 74 60 1 " 2 69 84 " 3 73 31 3 INCORPORATED A CITY. 501 Ward4 138 ... . 175 " 5 106 ... . 197 " 6 107 ... . 153 " 7 68 .... 127 635 827635 Low's majority, 192 Whole vote on the first trial, 1.519 u u u (C SeCond trial, 1.466 ORGANIZATION OF THE CITY GOVERNMENT. Agreeably to pubUc notice, a large number of the people of Concord assembled in the Representatives' HaU, on Wednesday afternoon, April 6, at 2 o'clock, to witness the induction to office of the Mayor elect and the two branches of the City CouncU. At twenty minutes past 2, Gen. Joseph Low, mayor elect, arose from the chair of the speaker, addressed the chairman of the board of selectmen, and stated, that having been apprized of his election to the office of mayor, he appeared before his feUow- citizens to take the oath required, before entering upon the duties of his office. The chairman of the selectmen, John C. PUlsbury, Esq., then invited Hon. Josiah Minot to administer the oath of office, which was done, after which the mayor administered the oath to the aldermen, the common council, the school committee, and the board of assessors. The aldermen, councUmen, school committee and assessors were seated on the right and left of the speaker's desk, and the board of selectmen, chosen by the town on the 9th of March — Messrs. PiUsbury, Webster and Abbot — were at the clerk's desk, immediately in front of the mayor. After the administration of the several oaths, Rev. Mr. Flan ders, pastor of the Baptist church, read portions of scripture, when the Throne of Grace was addressed by the Rev. Dr. Bouton, senior ordained clergyman of the city. These several ceremonies and services being concluded, the 502 HISTORY OF CONCORD. mayor arose and addressed the members of the city government as foUows : Gentlemen of the City Council and Gentlemen of die several Boards of the City Government here assembled : Unacquainted as I am with the rules of legislation or with the municipal affairs of the town, it is with the sincerest distrust that I venture to enter upon the trust assigned to me by the suffrages of my fellow-citizens. It is, indeed, a distinction that I may most highly appreciate, but a position that my habits of life and course of business but Uly fit me to hold. I can, therefore, only promise that whatever of strength or ability I possess shall be devoted to a prompt, impartial and faith ful performance of all the duties pertaining to the executive office of this corporation. The change of government upon which we are about to enter involves duties and responsibilities that can be successfully met and performed only by the united and patient efforts of those to whom the administration of the affairs of the city have been confided. I may consider myself singularly fortunate that I am associated with so many gentlemen of tried worth and long experience in the muni cipal affairs of the town ; and I doubt not that it will be the anxious care of every member of the government of the corporation, to have the change bear as lightly upon every section and every individual, as may be consistent with the highest good and truest interests of the city, and realized only by its convenient, economical and efficient action. I might here, perhaps, with great propriety take a retrospective view of the rise and progress of this highly favored town, from its earliest organization, in 1725, through its seasons of weakness, priva tions and hardships, as well as its days of prosperity and distinction, down to the present period of mature strength and enviable position ; but as the labor of writing our history is now being performed by a gentleman in every way competent to the task, and the results of which, it is understood, will soon be accessible to aU, I may not prop erly detain you longer upon this subject. By one of the provisions of the charter it becomes the duty of the mayor from time to time to communicate to the city council such information and to recommend such measures as in his judg ment the interest of the city may seem to require ; and, gentlemen, I trust that I need not assure you that it will be my anxious desire and earnest purpose, as circumstances and experience shall suggest, to discharge this duty with promptness and fidelity. I am not aware that any considerable change or unusual outlay will be required to accomplish all the objects for which the city charter was obtained — nor do I apprehend, gentlemen, under your administration, any augmentation of burthens, or material increase of taxation, consequent upon its adoption. Our fire department, composed as it is of our most active and INCORPORATED A CITY. 503 efficient fellow-citizens, has at all times answered the most sanguine hopes of ita friends, and received the commendation and liberal sup port of the town; and I am happy to say on this occasion that no further considerable appropriation will at present be required on ac count of this department. The management and improvement of our schools is an object of paramount interest, and in my estimation immensely transcends in ita beneficial consequences to the children and youth of our city, and the welfare and prosperity of any community, all considerations of mere doUars and cents ; and as I have so often spoken in the hearing of the town of the importance of an improved and more elevated standard of education in our primary schools, I may not on this occa sion, with propriety, further aUude to this most important subject, otherwise than to express my fullest confidence that a liberal and enlightened policy will always characterize your acts in connection with this great interest. In regard to the expenditures upon our highways, respecting the construction of common sewers, the draining and grading of our streets, the substantial construction of our roads and the improve ment of our side walks, I will only say, they are subjects that especially belong to you, gentlemen, to consider, and which you are so fuUy competent to decide that I will not venture upon your judg ment any suggestion of my own. The town farm, so valuable in itself, and which has so largely con tributed in by-gone years to the comfort and support of the unfortu nate and destitute, wfll, I doubt not, receive at your hands that provision and consideration its importance and reasonable expectation demand. I avail myself of this opportunity to call your early attention to the importance of providing a house of correction for the security of vagrants, truant3 and disorderly persons, where they may be made, in some good degree, to contribute by their labor to their own support. It is already seen that a slight amendment must be made in the city charter, in order to the convenient arrangement and limits of one of the wards. , I would therefore suggest the propriety of an early examination of all its provisions and defects, with a view to an appli cation to the approaching session of the Legislature for such altera tions and improvements as its practical working has thus far shown to be desirable. It becomes us at all times to realize and acknowledge our depend ence upon the great Maker and Governor of the universe, for life and for all its blessings ; especially does it become us now, as we are about to enter upon new and untried duties and responsibilities, involving the dearest earthly interests of our citizens, to remember our accountability to Him in whose hands our breath is, and whose are all our ways, and at all times to look to Him for guidance and direction. It may not, gentlemen, be inappropriate for me, in closing, to remark, that in my inexperience I must rely largely upon your kind- 504 HISTORY OF CONCORD. ness and support for a successful discharge of the duties that devolve upon me, and that I shall at all times take pleasure in the fullest cooperation with you in every measure calculated to advance the interest or promote the convenience of every section of our city and of every class of our citizens. At the close of the address the common councilmen retired to another room, and the boards organized separately. In the board of aldermen, Messrs. Harvey and Stevens were appomted, with such as the councU should join, to report rules for the city coun- cU ; and Messrs. Davis and Tallant, with such as the councU should join, to procure rooms for the various branches of the city government. In the common councU, Thomas Bailey, Esq., the oldest mem ber, took the chair, and they proceeded to elect a president. On the first ballot there was no choice — George W. Brown had one, Ezra Carter six, and Cyrus Barton seven. On the second baUot Cyrus Barton was chosen, having twelve votes to two for Ezra Carter, and on taking the chair returned thanks for the honor conferred upon him. W. H. H. BaUey was chosen clerk pro tern, of the common council. Messrs. Minot, Moore and Barton were joined to the committee to report rules. Messrs. W. H. H. BaUey, Shute and Thomas BaUey, were joined to the committee to procure rooms. The two boards met in city councU, and alderman Stevens was elected city clerk, pro tern. Both boards then adjourned to meet at the Court House on Saturday, April 9, at 2 o'clock, P. M. At this adjourned meeting John F. Brown was elected city clerk, and WUUam H. Bartlett city soUcitor. Amos Hadley was elected clerk of the common councU. The city government being thus in due form fuUy organized, proceeded to the transaction of business, according to the provis ions of the charter ; for which reference must be had to the original records in the office of the city clerk. LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL TOWN OFFICERS AND REPRESENTATIVES, FROM 1815 TO- 1853, INCLUSIVE. [See page 384- -notes.] Year. Moderators. Town Clerks. Selectmen. Auditors. Collectors. Representatives. 1815. William A. Kent. John Odlin. Nathaniel Ambrose, Joshua Abbot, Richard Bradley. Pearl KimbaU, S. Coffin. Richard Ayer, George Hough. 1816. William A. Kent. John Odlin. Joshua Abbot, Charles Walker, Richard Bradley, George Hough, Richard Bradley, Stephen Ambrose, Richard Ayer. A. Farnum, Jr., John Odlin. Samuel Runnels. Pearl Kimball. 1817. Stephen Ambrose. John Odlin. Joshua Abbot, Stephen Ambrose, Isaac Eastman, John Odlin, Richard Bradley, Charles Walker, James Hoit. William A. Kent. Samuel Runnels. Richard Ayer. . 1818. T. W. Thompson. John Odlin. John Odlin, Benja. Kimball, Jr. Isaac Eastman, T. W. Thompson, Nathaniel Abbot, Stephen Ambrose, Timothy Carter. William A. Kent. Nathaniel Ambrose. Charles Walker. 1819. Charles Walker. Francis N. Fisk. Abiel Walker, Stephen Ambrose, Samuel Coffin, Abial Walker, Joseph Walker, Timothy Chandler, James Hoit, Nathan Ballard, Jr. Jeremiah Pecker. William A. Kent. Isaac Eastman. 1820. Samuel Green. Francis N. Fisk. Richard Bradley, Charles Walker, James Hoit, Stephen Ambrose, Isaac Farnum, Stephen Ambrose, Timothy Dow, Nathaniel Abbot. Jeremiah Pecker. Timothy Chandler. Abraham Bean. 1821. Stephen Ambrose. Francis N. Fisk. Richard Bradley, Charles Walker, James Hoit, Stephen Ambrose, Isaac Farnum, Stephen Ambrose, Timothy Bradley. Nathaniel Abbot. Jeremiah Pecker. Joseph Walker. 1822. Stephen Ambrose. Francis N. Fisk. Albe Cady, Isaac Farnum, Isaac Dow. Charles Walker, William Low. James Hoit, Enoch E. Bradley. 1823. Stephen Ambrose. Francis N. Fisk. Jeremiah Pecker, Charles Walker, James Hoit, Stephen Ambrose, Isaac Farnum, Stephen Ambrose, Richard Potter, Jr. Samuel Fletcher. Isaac Dow. William Low. 506 HISTORY OF CONCORD. S 5CQ «>a o 3 (b" •g-g-Sj'gJ 5 §3 o Is ?Sen -S«S^bw»S.= a 2 t->>.3 S ^ d ti d d d a gcowSaS'ScQ I Hill -¦ s>"a 9 ja tl'S'3'3'3 BW SB'S S-gE-SBSSPa ?^K^Kcoeococq^ ?4! r to s fc h It Ifc It 2 2 2 •S 3 £ a S o * 1 ¦§ 1 is 3 Ifo Hi a,o I Is 1 a •d 3 •8 g a 3 a' I 1834. Francis N. Fisk. Samuel Coffin. Robert Davis, Laban Page, Thomas D. Potter. 1835. Francis N. Fisk. Samuel Coffin. Robert Davis, Hoses Shute, Jacob Hoit. 1836. Robert Davis. Jonathan E. Lang. Robert Davis, Moses Shute, Jacob Hoit. 1837. Isaac Hill. Jonathan E. Lang. Robert Davis, Jonathan Eastman, Enoch H. Dow. 1838. Joseph Low. Robert E. Pecker. Samuel Coffin, Hazen Virgin, Ezra Ballard. 1839. Joseph Low. Robert E. Pecker. Samuel Coffin, Hazen Virgin, Ezra Ballard. 1840. Ezra Carter. Jacob C. Carter. Enoch H. Dow, William Pecker, Nathan Stickney. 1841. Josiah Stevens. Jacob C. Carter. John McDaniel, William Pecker, Jeremiah Fowler. 1842. Richard Bradley. Jacob C. Carter. Nathan Stickney, Ira Rowell, Thomas Potter. Isaac F. Williams, Jona. Eastman, Jr., Moses Shute. Henry Sweetser, Jacob A. Potter, David Davis, Jr, Samuel Coffin, John Putney, Abial Rolfe. Samuel Coffin, Laban Page, Stephen Ambrose. William Kent, Luther Roby, Ebenezer S. Towle. John Putney, Luther Roby, Benjamin Grover. John Whipplo, Nath'l H. Osgood, Jacob A. Potter. John Whipple, Nath'l H. Osgood, Jacob A Potter. Samuel Coffin, John Whipple, John L. Eastman. Abraham Bean.t Charles H. Peaslee, Jeremiah Pecker, Joseph P. Stickney Charles H. Peaslee, Jeremiah Pecker, Isaac Emery- Charles H. Peaslee, Ezra Carter, William Dow, Ebenezer Eastman. Ezra Carter, Ebenezer Eastman, William Dow, Luther Roby. Joseph Low, George Kent, Cyrus Robinson, Abiel Rolfe. Abiel Rolfe, Cyrus Robinson, William Kent, Ira Perley. Moses Shute, Abiel C. Carter, Jacob Hoit. Joseph Robinson, Moses Shute, Abial C. Carter, Jacob Hoit. No choice. vet i mrtl HJS »,,. ?,^ini , ?""?£? ' "A"™™" T"' J?e ^"'Wednesday in J"ne next." f By contract with the selectmen, Mr. Bean was collector from year to ?'i?r.« .,„, ' P ° y. a r1i 183S and 'S39' w",1" n the east district, and Charles Smart and James Woolson in the south and west 1 hreo persons were appointed " assessors of taxes » this year, viz : Samuel A. Kimball, John Eastman, and Jeremiah Fowler. " » ¦" "» B°ul" ana west. OrO LIST OF OFFICERS — CONTINUED. Years. Moderators. 1843. Joseph Low. 1844. Ezra Carter. 1845. Ezra Carter. 1846. Nathaniel B. Baker. 1847. Asa Fowler. 1848. Asa Fowler. 1849. Nathaniel B. Baker. Town Clerks. John P. Johnson. John P. Johnson. John P. Johnson. John P. Johnson. George H. H. Silsby. George n. H. Silsby. George H. H. Silsby. Selectmen. Nathan Stickney, Ira Rowell, Thomas Potter. Nathan Stickney, Jeremiah Fowler, Jeremiah S. Noyes. Nathan Stickney, Jeremiah S. Noyes, Jeremiah Fowler. Josiah Stevens, Nathan Stickney, Joseph Eastman, Jr. Nathan Stickney, Joseph Eastman, Jr., John Whipple. Nathan Stickney, John Whipple, Reuben Goodwin, Jr. Nathan Stickney, R. Goodwin, Jr., John Abbot. Auditors. Samnel Coffin, John Whipple, John L. Eastman. Samuel Coffin, George Minot, John Whipple. Samuel Coffin, Seth Eastman, John Whipple. Samuel Coffin, Seth Eastman, John Whipple. Samuel Coffin, Mitchel Gilmore, Jr., Charles Smart. Samnel Coffin, Mitchel Gilmore, Jr., Charles Smart. Mitchel Gilmore, Jr., Stephen Brown, Nathan'l B. Baker. Representatives. No choice. No choice.* Jacob Carter, Nathaniel Rolfc, Jeremiah S. Noyes, Asa Fowler, William Page. Jacob Carter, Laban Page. Edmund Worth, Laban Page, Asa Fowler, Cyrus Robinson, Joel C. Danforth, Simeon Abbot. Simeon Abbot, Edmund Worth, Joel C. Danforth, Asa Fowler, Cyrus Robinson, Chase Hill. Luther Roby, Perley Cleaves, Cvrus Hill, Charles H. Norton, William Page. 1850. Nathaniel B. Baker. John P. Johnson 1851. 1852.1853. Nathaniel B. Baker. Nathaniel B. Baker. Nathaniel B. Baker. Wm. D. Robinson. John P. Johnson. John P. Johnson. Joseph Robinson, Moses H. Farnum, Isaac Virgin, John C. Fillsbury, Atkinson Webster. Nathan Stickney, John C. Pillsbury, John Abbot. John C. Pillsbury, Benjamin Grover, Moses H. Farnum. John C. Pillsbury, Atkinson Webster, David Abbot, 2d. Paul Wentworth, Stephen C. Badger, Jonathan E. Lang, Lewis Downing, Samuel Coffin. Samuel Coffin, Jonathan E. Lang, Calvin Ainsworth. Samuel Coffin, Henry H. Brown, Joseph Robinson. Samnel Coffin, Mitchel Gilmore, Jr., H. H. Brown. Perley Cleaves, Cyrus Hill, Charles H. Norton, John L. Tallant, George F. Sanborn, Nathaniel B. Baker, Ebenezer Symmes. Nathaniel B. Baker. Nathaniel White, Shadrach Seavey, Benjamin F. Gale, Nathan Chandler, Joseph Eastman, Caleb Parker. Jeremiah S. Noyes, John H. George, John Sawyer, William H. Page. James Frye, James Moore, Henry P. Rolfe, Benjamin F. Dow. E COH O oa * Tlioro being no representatives chosen, Franklin Pierce, Richard Bradley and William Low, were appointed a committee " to be heard before the Legislature, in behalf of the town," on the subject of a " new proportion of public taies." Ox OCD CHAPTER XVII. ANCIENT MATTERS. Relative to the entire period of our history which has been gone over, are various matters which could not be conveniently classed under any general head, nor placed in chronological order, but which are of sufficient importance to require a sepa rate chapter. ANCIENT GRAVE-STONES LN THE OLD BURYING-GROUND. The late David George, who died in 1838, aged 71, lived nearly all his life close by the ancient grave-yard ; often visited it, and inspected the grave-stones. He said he could remember when there were only six grave-stones in the yard with inscrip tions on them, and these were probably put up prior to 1790. They are thick, clumsy stones, not prepared either with taste or skill ; the letters are ill shaped and not deep enough. 1. At the grave of James Osgood, who died April 6, 1757, aged 50. 2. At the grave of Jeremiah, son of Thomas and A mm, Stick ney, who died December, 1763, in the 3d year of his age. 3. At that of Mary, daughter of Thomas and Anna Stickney, who died December 5, 1763, aged 8 years. 4. At that of Jeremiah Stickney, who died April 11, 1763, in the 61st year of his age. By the side of these a large granite monument has recently been erected. MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS. 511 5. At that of Ezra Carter, Esq., [Doctor,] who died Septem ber 17, 1757, in the 48th year of his age. 6. At that of Jeremiah Hall, who died October 8, 1770, in the 24th year of his age. There are also several misshapen stones without inscriptions, and a few on which there were probably inscriptions, now illegible. Mr. George also was accustomed to point out other stones, erected smce 1790, to the memory of persons who died many years before, viz. : . 1. At the grave of Dolly Hutchins, wife of Col. Gordon Hutchins. She died December 17, 1777, aged 41 years. 2. At that of Sarah Walker, wife of Rev. Timothy "Walker, who died in 1778, in the 77th year of her age. 3. At that of Rev. Timothy Walker, who died in 1782, aged 78 years. These were not erected till many years after. 4. At that of Mary Wilson, wife of Mr. Thomas Wilson. She died 1773, aged 31 years. 5. At that of Mary, the second wife of Mr. Thomas Wilson. She died in 1796, aged 44. 6. At that of Dea. Joseph Hall, (senior,) who died April 8, 1784, in the 77th year of his age. 7. At that of Deborah Hall, wife of Dea. Joseph Hall. She died October 5, 1801, aged 96. 8. At that of Dea. Joseph Hall, (junior,) who died June 10, 1807, in the 70th year of his age. 9. At that of Lot Colby, who died April 2, 1790, in the 73d year of his age. All the nine foregoing stones are slate slabs, and they form what may be called the second era of grave-stones : — the first being of granite, or other coarse stone. Ornamental cuts on some, represent human or angelic heads, with wings ; on others, an urn overhung with cypress. ancient burials. The ancient mode of carrying coffins to the burying-ground was to select twelve men as bearers, who carried them on a bier from every part of the town — sometimes the distance of six, seven and eight miles. In this way it is remembered that the body of 512 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Mrs. Rachel, first wife of Daniel Abbot, was carried from the west side of Long pond to the old burying-ground by the meet ing-house. There is a tradition* that on the death of a man on the east side of the Merrimack river, opposite the Rolfes, his neigh bors were afraid his body would be attached for debt — as the law then allowed. To avoid this, the body was concealed in the cellar for a few days ; then, on the advice of Dea. George Abbot, a litter-bier was constructed, to be carried by men on horseback ; a grave was dug at sundown on Sabbath evening, and soon after the company started with the body from a Mr. Blanchard's house, ferried it across the river, and taking it on the litter proceeded as fast as they could to the old burying-ground. By some delay, however, they did not reach the spot till near sunrise, when they found the grave was too short. Just then, discovering an officer riding on horseback up Main street, they pitched the coffin end foremost into the grave, which they immediately began to fill up. The officer, supposing the body to be buried, turned about and went away. Afterwards they dug the grave longer, placed the coffin in, and buried it in a proper manner. Lieut. John Webster, who was a famous mast-master, in his latter years was involved in debt. He died in a small house sit uated in the lot back of Mr. Ezra Ballard's, at Little pond. His body was at first concealed in a potato hole, which was covered over with straw, and logs laid on it. At the time of the funeral the bearers rode on horseback, with drawn swords, which, the sheriff perceiving, he dare not molest them.f MARBLE MONUMENTS. The first marble monument erected in the old burying-ground, probably, stands at the grave of Rev. Israel Evans, who died in 1807, aged 60. Another, supposed to be the second, stands at the grave of Col. Gordon Hutchins, who died in 1815, aged 85. BURYING-GROUND AT MELLVLLLE. The land for the burying-ground at Millville was given by Mr. Warren Bradley. The first person buried there is said to have * The tradition is uncertain whether a Mr. Blanchard or Webster. t Tradition by Mr. Timothy Walker. ANCIENT MATTERS. 513 been Mrs. Sally, first wife of Mr. John Dimond, about 1797. Mr. Ezekiel Dimond was the second. He selected the spot for his own grave, and was buried in February, 1800. In the burying-ground at Horse-hill, the first person buried was Miss Rebecca, daughter of Mr. Oliver Hoit, in 1819, aged 28. ANCIENT VEHICLES FOR RIDING. The following notices of ancient vehicles are derived from con versations at different times with aged inhabitants of the town, as within their memory, or known by tradition.* The Rev. Timothy Walker rode in a chair, as it was called. It seems to have had no top or covering, and was wide enough to carry two persons. The first chaise owned in Concord belonged to Col. Benjamin Rolfe ; was purchased probably between 1767 and 1770. It had a standing canvass top, and probably cost about fifty dollars. Dea. Joseph Hall, the elder, about the same time purchased a chaise like Col. Rolfe's. Col. Peter Green, at the death of his father-in-law, Col. Bulk- ley, of Groton, Massachusetts, had a chaise, belonging to his estate, which he brought to Concord and used. This was be tween 1770 and 1775. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford) who married the widow of Col. Rolfe, 1772, bought a curricle, which was much the most expensive carriage at that time known in these part3. Thompson sometimes rode in this with two horses, and sometimes with one. Robert Harris had a chaise when he came to Concord, and always afterwards. He had also a coachee, or Philadelphia wagon, in 1793 or 1794, which probably cost about $300. William Duncan and Edward St. Loe Livermore married daughters of Mr. Duncan. Each of them had a chaise. Dea. David Hall owned a chaise, probably previous to the year 1790, but he did not keep it many years. Rev. Israel Evans, who settled in Concord, 1789, then owned a chaise, in which he rode with one horse. Afterwards he owned a carriage with four wheels, in which he rode, sometimes with one horse and sometimes with two. * For these traditions I am greatly indebted to Moody Kent, Esq. 33 ANCIENT MATTERS. 513 been Mrs. Sally, first wife of Mr. John Dimond, about 1797. Mr. Ezekiel Dimond was the second. He selected the spot for his own grave, and was buried in February, 1800. In the burying-ground at Horse-hill, the first person buried was Miss Rebecca, daughter of Mr. Oliver Hoit, in 1819, aged 28. ANCIENT VEHICLES FOR RTOING. The following notices of ancient vehicles are derived from con versations at different times with aged inhabitants of the town, as within their memory, or known by tradition.* The Rev. Timothy Walker rode in a chair, as it was called. It seems to have had no top or covering, and was wide enough to carry two persons. The first chaise owned in Concord belonged to Col. Benjamm Rolfe ; was purchased probably between 1767 and 1770. It had a standing canvass top, and probably cost about fifty dollars. Dea. Joseph Hall, the elder, about the same time purchased a chaise like Col. Rolfe's. Col. Peter Green, at the death of his father-in-law, Col. Bulk- ley, of Groton, Massachusetts, had a chaise, belonging to his estate, which he brought to Concord and used. This was be tween 1770 and 1775. Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford) who married the widow of Col. Rolfe, 1772, bought a curricle, which was much the most expensive carriage at that time known in these parts. Thompson sometimes rode in this with two horses, and sometimes with one. Robert Harris had a chaise when he came to Concord, and always afterwards. He had also a coachee, or Philadelphia wagon, in 1793 or 1794, which probably cost about $300. William Duncan and Edward St. Loe Livermore married daughters of Mr. Duncan. Each of them had a chaise. Dea. David Hall owned a chaise, probably previous to the year 1790, but he did not keep it many years. Rev. Israel Evans, who settled in Concord, 1789, then owned a chaise, in which he rode with one horse. Afterwards he owned a carriage with four wheels, in which he rode, sometimes with one horse and sometimes with two. * For these traditions I am greatly indebted to Moody Kent, Esq. 33 ANCIENT MATTERS. 515 the new City Hall is located ; was built by Lieut. Richard Her bert, about 1756. He paid ten dollars for one acre of land there. In this house Mr. Herbert was born. In the summer of 1854 the house was purchased by Mr. Reuben F. Foster, and moved to what is now called Fosterville, north of Richard Bradley's, where it has been refitted, and stands conspicuous among other houses by its cupola, or observatory. 6. The Stickney house, now the residence of Joseph P. Stickney, was a garrison. It has since been enlarged and much altered. 7. The Edward Abbot house, which stood where Dr. Chad- bourne's house now is, south corner of Montgomery street ; was also a garrison. It now stands in the rear of Dr. Chadbourne's, in the humble position of a wood-shed and stable. 8. A part of Capt. Richard Ayer's house — now the Union Hotel, opposite the Free bridge road — was built before Mr. Herbert can remember ; — also, 9. The old Osgood house, which was burnt down in Au gust, 1854. 10. The Farrington house, now owned by Mr. David G. Ful ler, on Pleasant street. 11. A part of the old store on the corner of Main and Pleas ant streets, occupied by Mr. William P. Hardy. 12. A part of Mr. Benjamin Gale's old tavern, which stood opposite the new Phenix Hall; now forms a tenement on Warren street. 13. Dea. George Abbot's house, where Mr. John B. Chandler lives, on Fayette street. This house presents a good specimen of the ancient style of building — two stories in front, with a low, slanting roof on the back side. In this house Hon. Thomas W. Thompson formerly resided. 14. The Capt. Roach, or Arthur Rogers house, east of the house of the late Gov. Hill, built in the same style as the preceding. 15. Dea. Joseph Hall's, or Dea.Wilkins' house, at the Eleven lots. 16. The Rolfe house, or Countess of Rumford mansion ; also at the Eleven lots. DWELLING-HOUSES — DOMESTIC AND SOCIAL HABITS AND CUSTOMS. The first order, or, as it may be called, generation of dwelling houses in Concord, was built of hewn logs. They were all situ- 516 HISTORY OF CONCORD. ated on lots laid out in the " first and second range " of house lots, as surveyed in 1726. But as soon as saw-mills could be erected and materials provided, these gradually gave place to framed houses, one story in height, about sixteen to twenty-four feet on the ground, with from one to three rooms. The second order of houses was more scattered over the territory, and now and then appeared a house of larger dimensions, two stories in height, with gambrel roof; or two stories in front, with low, slanting roof back. The third order of houses appeared after the Revolutionary war, from 1785 to about 1800. They were built two stories, with what is called a hip-roof, with two front rooms, a door in the middle, and entry and hall running through, and an L, one story, on the back side, for a kitchen. Of this kind was the house built by Maj. Daniel Livermore, the late residence of Dr. Bouton ; also, the houses owned by Rev. Israel Evans, Rev. Dr. McFarland and Charles Walker, Esq. The Evans and McFarland houses have recently been altered, by changing and raising the roof. Tradition represents that in the first, and many of the second order of houses, the windows were either of paper, or mica, or diamond- cut glass. Chimneys were built of stone, with huge fire-places, and an oven on one side running back. In the chimney, across the flue, was a lug-pole, as it was called, made of oak, from two to four inches in diameter, and on which were hung hooks and trammels, of wrought iron, so constructed as to be raised or lowered to suit the convenience of pots and kettles, suspended thereon for culinary purposes. These lug-poles were liable to be burnt by the fire which blazed beneath, or broken by the weights suspended on them, and hence in due time gave place to the crane, which was constructed of iron, and fastened on one Bide into the chimney-jamb, while the end swung over the fire, with the hooks and trammels on it. The first crane was introduced in 1757 by Stephen Farrington.* The fire was made by placing a large log, called a back-log, three feet long, or more, on the backside of the fire-place ; two rocks in front of it served for andirons, with a large fare-stick, resting on the rocks, and a back-stick upon the back-log. Then smaller wood, from three to four feet in length, was piled on. The whole was lighted with a pitch-knot, or other combustibles. This made a glorious fire. At each end or corner of the fire- * See story of it, as before related, pp. 231-2. ANCIENT MATTERS. 517 place were small benches, on which children sat, and roasted first one side and then the other ; while the old folks enjoyed the full blaze in front — and hauled off and on, as they were able to bear it ! Instead of modern gas light, or oil, or even dipped candles, they used in the evening pitch-pine knots, which gave a clear and brilliant light, by which the women could see to sew or knit, and others, (if they had books,) to read. Splinters of pitch- pine were lighted, to carry about the house and into the cellar, instead of lamps and candles. In early times every family kept close at hand a flint and steel, with which to strike fire. The fire fell on a piece of old punk, or upon tinder kept in a tin box. From the punk or tinder thus ignited a candle or pitch-pine splinter was lighted, and thence communicated to wood on the fire-place. Careful house-keepers, however, took pains to rake up the coals on the hearth at night, covering them with ashes, and thus keep fire till morning. But in warm weather this method would often fail, so that the flint, steel and tinder, were indispensable. The preceding cut presents a fair view of the house built by Major Daniel Livermore, in 1785, with the addition of the back 518 HISTORY OF CONCORD. part, which was built by Dr. Bouton in 1840. The beautiful trees in front were set out about the time the house was finished, in 1786 or 1787. The south end of the house is nine inches over the line of the street, while the north end is exactly on the line. The reason assigned for this position by the late Richard Herbert, was, that " when Maj. Livermore was building his house he was courting one of Judge Walker's daughters, at the North end, and he wanted it skewed a little, so that he could look up that way." After the establishment of the upper Concord Bank, in 1806, the house and land was bought by the bank proprietors of Maj. Livermore, and occupied by Samuel Sparhawk, Esq., cashier of the bank. The north room, with a projection built out for the vault, was used for the counting-room, or bank-office. The south room was the family parlor, in which was also Mr. Spar- hawk's library. At a party given by Mr. Sparhawk, about 1818, among the invited guests was Mr. S. F. B. Morse, now distin guished as the inventor of the electric telegraph, who was that evening introduced to Miss Lucretia P. Walker, daughter of Charles Walker, Esq., who was*accounted the most beautiful and accomplished young lady of the town, and whom Mr.' Morse sub sequently married. In 1829 Rev. Mr. Bouton bought the house and-land belonging thereto, of the president, directors and com pany of the Concord Bank, where he resided twenty-six years. ANCIENT WELLS. Ancient wells were dug at a distance of from ten to forty feet from the house, and water was drawn with a bucket suspended on one end of a small pole, the other end being fastened to a long well-sweep, as it was called, which was supported at a proper height by a strong, erect post, and swung on an iron or wooden pin, so balanced that when the bucket was filled with water it could be easily drawn up. Specimens of the old fash ioned well-sweep, and " Of the old oaken bucket, that hung in the well," may still be seen in various sections of the town : one at Mr. Jacob Hoyt's, on the Mountain ; another at Mr. Jerry Abbot's, west of Long pond. Another mode of drawing water from wells was by means of a windlass, erected over tbe well, — the bucket ANCIENT MATTERS. 519 being fastened on the end of a rope, or chain, of suitable length, and then lowered and raised by turning a crank. But the well- sweep and windlass have generally given place to the pump in outer sections of the town, while in the main village many fami lies are supplied with spring water, by means of wooden or lead pipes from fountains in the adjacent upland. The cut here subjoined presents a fair view of the residence of Jacob Hoyt, Esq., on the Mountain, in which the old " well- sweep" is apparent. The frame of this house, of large, heavy oak, is believed to be the oldest on the east side of the river. It was first erected at " the Fort," by Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, a short time before his death, in 1748. The house being left in an unfinished state, it was sold to Ebenezer Yirgin, taken down, and moved to its pres ent location on the Mountain. Tradition relates that at the raising of the house by Capt. Eastman there was a great gath ering of people, with " young men and maidens," who were to celebrate the raising by a dance in the evening. Abigail Carter, mother of Jacob Hoit, asked her parents if she might go. They said, "Yes, if parson Walker's girls go." The parson consented that his daughters should go, and proposed also to go with them. After the raising was over, Mr. Walker's girls asked him if they 520 HISTORY OF CONCORD. might stay in the evening. He said, " Yes, yes, only come home in good season." So the girls all stayed till the dance was over, and were then waited on by young gentlemen to go home. But on coming to the ferry to their great disappointment they found the parson there waiting to take the girls under his own protection ! Mr. Ebenezer Virgin Bold the house and adjacent farm, con taining about two hundred acres, to Jeremiah Haskell, of New bury, who came to Concord about 1812. Haskell married a daughter of Ebenezer Moulton, of Newburyport, into whose hands the house and farm fell by mortgage. In 1818 Haskell left Concord and went to parts unknown, and nothing certain was ever heard of him. In April, 1819, the property was sold at public auction, and bid off by Mr. Jacob Hoyt, for $2,375. On this elevated spot Mr. Hoyt has resided till the present time, having made great improvements on his farm, and keeping the old mansion in good repair. The site is one of the most desira ble, and furnishes one of the most extensive and beautiful pros pects on the east side of the river. FOOD. The ordinary food of early settlers, and of their descendants of the first and second generation, for breakfast and supper, was bean or pea-porridge with bread and butter. On Sabbath morn ing they had, in addition, coffee or chocolate. The bread was what is called brown-bread, made of rye and Indian meal. Occa sionally wheat bread was used. For dinner they usually had baked or boiled meat, and peas or beans, with baked or boiled puddings. For the information of our wives and daughters, I give the following ancient recipe for bean-porridge : Take one quart of beans or peas, four gallons of water,. and two or three pounds of beef or pork — or, if you please, both; put them into an iron pot or kettle, and boil them together until the meat is thoroughly cooked. Take out the meat, and thicken the liquid with Indian meal, and you have the porridge. The most approved and genteel way of eating the porridge was on this wise : The porridge was dipped out into wooden bowls, each member of the family having one, and was eaten ANCIENT MATTERS. 521 with a wooden spoon. On the authority of my friend, George Abbot, Esq., I can add, " that this was a delicious meal. Every father at his own table was, to appearance, as happy as a king with his nobles at a banquet of wine !" Often, to close the re past, the following lines were sung or chanted by the children : " Bean porridge hot, bean porridge cold ; Bean porridge best when nine days old !" There was another dish, said to be a still greater luxury, viz. : baked pumpkins and milk. It was prepared in the autumn in the following manner : Take pumpkins that had hard shells ; cut a hole with a gouge in the stem end, large enough to admit a large sized hand ; scrape out the seeds completely ; then fill the cavity almost full of new milk ; heat the oven hotter than neces sary for ordinary baking ; place the pumpkins in carefully, and fasten up the lid so that no fresh air can penetrate ; keep them in twelve hours or more ; then, withdrawing the pumpkins, pour into the cavity more new milk, and with a spoon begin to eat, digging out the inside as you proceed, and leaving nothing but the shell ! In this truly primitive mode Gov. Langdon used to feast on pumpkin and milk, when a boarder at Dea. John Kim ball's. The governor preferred this mode, as decidedly more genteel than to scrape out the contents first and eat from a bowl ! DRINKS. Malt beer was a very common drink in early times. Malt was manufactured from barley, which was raised more or less by every farmer. The first manufacturer of malt in Concord was Lieut. Richard Herbert, about 1765 — who had a malt-house in the rear of the dwelling which he built, where his son, Capt. Samuel Herbert, now lives. Some twenty years afterward the same business was taken up by Jeremiah Abbot, son of Capt. Nathaniel Abbot, who married a daughter of Col. Stickney. His malt-house was on or near the spot where Nathan Stickney, Esq., now lives. Abbot sold out to William Stickney, the taverner, who continued the business till about 1816. After Mr, Stickney ceased to manufacture malt, the old malt-house was used for smoking bacon. At times, in the fall and winter, from two hun dred and fifty to three hundred fine legs of bacon, belonging to 522 HISTORY OF CONCORD. different families, would be hung up to smoke at once. The beautiful elm tree, now growing in the yard of Nathan Stickney, germinated in the cellar of the old malt-house, and may be called the malt^elm. In making beer a quantity of malt was mixed with hops and boiled in water, of greater or smaller measure, as was wanted. This was transferred to a cask, or large jug, and left to ferment a day or two, when it was fit for table use. Cider succeeded, and soon supplanted beer. This was a uni versal drink at every meal — morning, noon and night. In the fall farmers gathered their apples and made cider. They usually laid in from fifteen to thirty barrels for a year's stock. Mr. Reuben Abbot — now living on the old homestead, west of Long pond — says that he and his father used to put up sixty barrels every good year. Hon. Jacob A. Potter says that his father, Richard, and uncle Ephraim often laid in one hundred and twenty barrels. So free was the use of cider that the whole quantity would be drank up before the ensuing fall — scarcely enough left for vinegar ! In old times — and those times coining down to 1828, and still later — there were in every neighborhood noted cider topers, who would guzzle down a quart without stopping to breathe, and, smacking their lips, hold out the mug for one drink more ! Such fellows would go from house to house, and call in just to get a drink of cider — carrying, wherever they went, a bloated, red face, and pot-belly. Of one such I have heard it said he " would get drunk on cider-emptyings !" A favorite and very common drink in old times vrasflip, which was made on this wise : A mug was nearly filled with malt beer, sweetened with sugar ; then a heated iron, called a " logger head," was thrust into it, which produced a rapid foam. In stantly a quantity of the " ardent," (a half pint of rum was allowed for a quart mug,) was dashed in, a little nutmeg grated on the top, and the whole was quaffed off by two men or more, as they could bear it, which had the effect often to set them at " logger-heads." Mr. Nathan Stickney says, that when a young man, in his father's tavern, he has drawn out, on public occasions, two barrels of beer a day, and made it into flip. The price of a quart mug of flip was twenty or twenty-five cents. ANCIENT MATTERS. 523 Another drink was toddy, which was made of rum and water, well sweetened. A stick, about six or eight inches long, flattened at the end, for crushing the sugar and stirring it up, was called the " toddy-stick." It was celebrated for the ringing music it made against the sides of a glass tumbler in olden times. Another favorite drink was egg-nog, which was composed of an egg beaten and stirred together with sugar, milk and spirit, or with cider and sugar. The stick used for this purpose was split at the end and a transverse piece of wood inserted, which was rap idly whirled round, back and forward, between the palms of the hands. Skilful men made graceful flourishes with " toddy" and "egg-nog" sticks, in those days. Still another mode of drink ing intoxicating liquor, was, to mix it with the juice of certain strong herbs, as tansy, spearmint and garden wormwood, with a little water and sugar. This was drank before breakfast, to cre ate an appetite ! From the year 1760 to 1830, rum, brandy, gin and wines of different kinds, were used as a common beverage, more or less in every family. Every taverner and store-keeper in town was licensed to sell. The bar-room of taverns was furnished with spacious shelves, or open cup-boards, where liquors of every variety were displayed in decanters. Every store had one end of a counter appropriated to drinking customers. On this stood decanters, glass tumblers, with water, sugar, spoon, and toddy stick, all ready for use. In the families of the more wealthy and fashionable, spirits of various kinds were arranged and displayed on an elegant side-board, and every visiter was invited to drink. Farmers carried well filled bottles of rum into the field, both summer and winter, and for harvesting usually laid in from ten gallons to a barrel, under the idea that the use of it was indis pensable. In 1827, when the temperance reform commenced in Concord, the writer ascertained, by careful investigation, that the whole quantity of ardent spirits sold in town in one year (not including wine) was about four hundred hogsheads, or forty-six thousand gallons ; and, as estimated by the traders themselves, the amount sold to the inhabitants of the town was not less than fifteen thousand gallons ; or, on an average, about four and a half gallons a year to every man, woman and child in the town ! 524 HISTORY OF CONCORD. The cost of this liquor to the consumers was not less than nine thousand dollars, which was more than twice the amount of taxes the year previous, for town, county and State expenses, and for the support of schools. One fact alone shows the extent of the temperance reformation in Concord since that time, viz. : The use of intoxicating liquors as a beverage is now as universally proscribed and relinquished as formerly it was allowed and prac tised. There is but one place in the whole town where ardent spirits of any kind can be lawfully sold, or where they can be safely bought, and that is by special license only " for medicinal and mechanical purposes."* The oldest form of drinking vessel was a noggin, made of wood, largest at the top, with a wooden handle on one side. This varied in size, from one to four quarts. Afterwards pew ter, or earthern mugs, were used. On the table were wooden plates and platters, or, at a later period, pewter basins, porrin gers and spoons, plates and platters. When not on the table these were displayed on an open cup-board, or shelves in the room. Specimens of these are still preserved in some of the ancient families. Sarah and Lois Abbot, sisters of Nathan K., at the family mansion, west of Long pond, have a large pewter platter — bright almost as silver, bearing on the back of it the stamp of a crown — which has come down to them from their great grand-mother, Mercy Wheeler, of Rowley, and must be at least two hundred years old. They have also a wooden platter, in a good state of preservation, which their grand-mother inherited from her ancestor, Thomas Abbot, of Andover. Formerly this was used as a dinner-dish for vegetables, but in later times — that is, for eighty years — it was used for brown bread. George Abbot, Esq., has a large armed chair, which belonged to Thomas Abbot, of Andover, 1728, and an ancient wine bottle, owned by his grand-mother, who died 1769. As a specimen of those good old times I can state, on the authority of Mr. Nathan K. Abbot, that the house which his father (Daniel Abbot) first built, just south of the present one, was one story, with only one room and a chamber, which was * See History of Temperance Reform in Concord, in a discourse by Rev. Mr. Bouion, De cember 10, 1643. ANCIENT MATTERS. 525 reached by a ladder. The room was about sixteen feet square, with a fire-place, which would take in wood eight feet long. In this one room eleven children of Mr. Abbot's were born and lived in close union. During a part of the time, also, he accom modated his neighbor, Jonathan Emerson and wife, as boarders, whose first child was born in the same room ! Mr. Abbot built, but only partly finished, the two story house where Nathan K. and his sisters reside ; but with the first occupancy of it is asso ciated the death of his wife, on the birth of her twelfth child ; both dying and were buried together — the babe lying in its mother's bosom. Jonathan Emerson's house, west of Mr. Abbot's, where Isaac Emerson now lives, remained several years after he built it, without any windows. The common ancient dress of the men was a woolen coat, striped woolen frock, tow frock, and woolen, velvet, tow, or leather breeches. The breeches, with long stockings, were fast ened at the knee with a buckle ; in winter, they wore woolen or leather buskins, and thick cow-hide shoes, fastened with buckles on the instep. The best hats, as worn on the Sabbath, were what are now called cocked-up hats, with three corners, and the more noted men wore wig3. Cocked-up hats continued to be worn by aged, venerable men, till within the memory of some of the present generation. Those distinctly remembered as wearing them were Rev. Mr. Walker, Rev. Mr. Evans, Capt. Reuben Abbot, Capt. Joshua Abbot, Capt. Joseph Farnum, and Col. Thomas Stickney. Col. Stickney had a hired man, named Levi Ross, who would also put on his dignity, and march with his cocked-up hat to meeting every Sabbath. The late Gen. Benjamin Pierce, when governor of the State, in 1827 and 1829, wore his tri-cornered hat, short breeches, buckled at the knee, and high boots. The hat was the same that he wore when general of the Hillsborough militia, and was the last ever worn in Concord on a public occasion. This hat, and also the military coat which Gen. Pierce wore as brigade inspector of the mihtia of Hillsborough county, at their first organization, about 1785, were deposited in the rooms of the New-Hampshire His torical Society, by Gen. Franklin Pierce, in 1840. 526 HISTORY OF CONCORD. The ordinary outer dress of the women in summer was tow and linen gowns, checked tyers, or aprons ; and in winter woolen gowns and aprons, thick woolen stockings, and cow-hide shoes. The clothing was of their own manufacture. Every house might truly be termed " a home factory." The females carded and spun their wool and flax, and wove their cloth in a hand loom. They also manufactured cloth and made garments for their husbands, sons and brothers. They could all understand without a commentary or dictionary Solomon's description of a virtuous woman : " She seeketh wool and flax and worketh diligently with her hands ; she riseth while it is yet night and giveth meat to her household ; she girdeth her loins with strength, and strengtheneth her arms ; she layeth her hands to the spindle, and her hands hold the distaff. She looketh well to the ways of her house hold and eateth not the bread of idleness." We credit fully the tradition of those days in which the mothers and daughters of the first, second, and even third generation, bloomed with health, strength and beauty ; when their own fair hands disdained no sort of domestic labor, and they needed no " help ;" when their most beautiful garments of " fine linen and wool " were of their own manufacture, by means of the hand-card and hatchel, the foot-wheel and the hand-wheel, the hand-loom and the inkle-loom. These terms now require definition and description as matters of ancient history ! But our grandmothers understood them. In those days boys and girls — and they remained boys and girls till they were married — generally went bare-foot in the summer. Snow-shoes, as they were called, were then in common use by men, in traversing the woods, hunting, &c. They were also occasionally worn by females, as is authentically related of the grandmother of Dr. Ezra Carter, who lived on the hill west of Long pond, and of the wife of the elder Henry Martin, who traveled about three miles on the snow to Horse hill, to attend a sick woman ; and also of the late Mrs. Elizabeth Hazeltine, whose constitution remained vigorous one hundred years. Snow-shoes consisted of a light piece of wood, commonly ash, about an inch thick, bent into an elongated curve, like an egg, about two feet long and one foot wide, till the ends met, which were fastened together so as to make a handle. About three ANCIENT MATTERS. 527 inches from each end of the curved-bow ^was a thin, flat piece of hard wood, to which, with the sides of the bow, a net- work, of strong, elastic leather strings was firmly fastened. On this leather netting the feet were placed for walk ing, and the shoes fastened on to them by strings. The material of which the snow-shoe was made was very light ; the elastic leather net-work both gave a spring to the step in walking, and -prevented its sinking more than an inch or two into the snow. The opinion is common that a person could walk faster and farther in a day on snow-shoes, than he could on bare ground without them. The labor of females was almost entirely in doors. The only exception was that sometimes they assisted in pulling and spread ing the flax which was afterwards to be spun and woven by their hands. As this article was formerly of great use in domestic manufacture, the method of raising and preparing it may here be stated. Nearly every farmer had a plat of ground for flax. The quantity of seed sown varied from one and a half to three bushels per acre. The stalk, or stem, when growing was of a pea green color and from two to three feet in height, bearing a blue blossom, which ripened into a ball that contained the flax-seed. When the flax was ripe it was pulled up carefully by the roots, tied up in small handfuls, left to dry on the ground a day or two, then set up in small stooks, and after being well dried was stacked in the field a fortnight or more. Then the seed was thrashed out. Next, it was sometimes immersed in water for a week or more, and then thinly and evenly spread upon the grass, to be rotted. This being sufficiently done, it was stowed away for the winter ; but as soon as fair days appeared in spring, there was a general turn out of the men . for dressing flax. The dressing was to separate the fibrous thread from the stalk. This was done by the use of several implements, called the brake, the hatchel^ the swingling board and knife. It was a laborious and dirty process, but a smart man would dress on an average forty pounds a day. Being thus dressed and twisted together in bunches, it was handed over to the good house-wife and daughters, to spin, weave, whiten, and convert into thread, cloth, and neat beautiful 528 HISTORY OF CONCORD. garments. How they did it, I shall allow my friend George Abbot, Esq., to describe : " First, the hatchel was brought and fastened into a chair with a string or stick ; and the mother, with her checked apron and a handkerchief pinned about the neck, and another handkerchief tied about her head to keep off the dirt, sat in another chair ; winding one end of the flax tight around the fingers of the right hand, and holding it, she drew the flax through the hatchel until it was thoroughly combed. Then changing, she combed in a similar manner the other end. Next it was snarled or wound upon the distaff, and spun into thread, or yarn, upon the foot, or linen wheel. What was drawn out by hatcheling was called tow, and it was carded by hand with hand cards and spun upon the large wheel. This was called tow yarn. From the wheel it went to the reel; from the reel to the loom, with which about every family was provided, and every woman knew how to use. Some families, however, hired their spinning and weaving done. Old Mrs. Elliot now glories in it, that she spent many a day in spinning and weaving " for Judge Walker's and Esquire Bradley's folks." Many other women either " took in work " of this kind, or " went out " to do it. The custom of rising and retiring early was universal. The former was at the dawn of morning, and the latter by eight or nine in the evening. The oft repeated adage was, " Early to bed and early to rise, WiU make you healthy, wealthy and wise." " Going to meeting," as it was called, on the Sabbath, was for seventy-five years and more the universal custom. Elderly peo ple, who owned horses, rode double — that is, the wife with her husband, seated on a pillion behind him, with her right arm encircling his breast. The young people, of both sexes, went on foot from every part of the parish. In the summer, young men usually walked bare-foot, or with shoes in hand ; and the young women walked with coarse shoes, carrying a better pair in hand, with stockings, to change before entering the meeting-house. The usual custom of those west of Long pond was to stop at a large pine tree at the bottom of the hill west of Richard Bradley's, where the boys and young men put on their shoes, and the young ANCIENT MATTERS. 529 women exchanged their coarse shoes for a better pair, drawing on at the same time their clean white stockings. They left the articles thus exchanged under the tree till their return, having no fear that any one would be guilty of such a sacrilege as to steal them on the Sabbath ! In a similar manner the young people from the east side of the river came on foot, crossing Tucker's ferry, and exchanged and deposited their walking shoes under a willow tree near Horse Shoe pond. Going on foot to meeting was not, however, confined to the young people. Old Mrs. Elliot says, that she " always went a foot from her house, at the Borough, about six miles ; yes, and often carried a baby, too !" The first wife of Daniel Abbot, daughter of Capt. Nathaniel Abbot, used to go a foot, following a path across the woods, carrying a babe, attended by one or two children on foot. She would go early, leave her child at her father Abbot's, attend meeting; then, with babe in her arms, walk home. Married women from Horse Hill, a distance of seven miles, usually walked. This practice was indeed continued as late as 1825. The wife of the late Mr. Isaac Runnels says she has often walked from her house, seven miles, to the old North church, leaving a nursing babe at home. She would start in the morning about eight ; and going out of meeting immediately after sermon in the afternoon, walked homeward till overtaken by persons who rode on horseback or in a wagon, and occasionally would get a ride part of the way, and reach home at four in the afternoon. It is remembered with pleasure that in the old meeting-house the venerable old men sat on a seat prepared for them at the base of the pulpit, wearing on their bald heads a white, linen cap in summer, and a red woolen or flannel cap in winter. This prac tice continued as late as 1825 and 1830. Among the ancient men who thus sat in the " old men's seat," the following are distinctly remembered : Reuben Abbot, senior, Christopher Rowell, senior, John Shute, Capt. Joseph Farnum, Samuel Goodwin, Moses Abbot, Reuben Abbot, 2d, Nathan Ab bot, and Chandler Lovejoy. The intermission was short — an hour in winter and an hour and a half in summer. The people all stayed except those in the immediate vicinity — and hence, as every body attended the same 34 530 , HISTORY OF CONCORD. meeting, a fine opportunity was afforded for every body to be ac quainted. Old people now say that they used to know every person in town. Thus public worship greatly promoted social union and good feeling throughout the whole community. What ever new or interesting event occurred in one neighborhood, such as a death, birth, marriage, or any accident, became a sub ject of conversation, and thus communication was kept up between the people of remote sections, who saw each other on no other day than the Sabbath. Previous to about 1822 there was no stove to warm the meeting-house. The practice then was, for each family who thought it necessary for their comfort, to carry a small hand-stove, made usually of perforated tin, or sheet-iron, fastened in a wooden frame, about eight or nine inches square, in which was placed a little pan of coals. Those who traveled a considerable distance would step into some house near by, before meeting — such as Dea. Kimball's, Judge Walker's, Esq. John Bradley's, Mr. Hannaford's, Mr. Coffin's, or Robert Davis's, and fill up their little pan with live coals. This would keep their feet warm, and two or three dozen such stoves would, by afternoon, give a softened temperature to the whole house. At the inter mission the elderly people usually stepped into Dea. Kimball's, or some other hospitable neighbor's, where they found a good fire blazing out from the great chimney, and, forming a circle around the room, sat and conversed of the sermon and any thing else that was fit for the Sabbath, making sure to hear and tell all the news of the week. There they would eat the lunch which they had brought, and one of the boys, at the motion of his father, would bring in and pass round a mug of cider — all relishing equally well ! On the west side of the old meeting-house was, and is, a horse-block, famous for its accommodations to the women in mounting and dismounting the horses. It consists in a large, round, flat stone, seven and a half feet in diameter, or about twen ty-two feet in circumference, raised about four feet high, with steps. Tradition says it was erected at the instance of the good wives who rode on pillions, and that they agreed to pay a pound of butter apiece to defray the expense. This horse-block de serves to be celebrated, not only for the " aid and comfort " it ANCIENT MATTERS. 531 afforded to the elderly folks, but for the many glorious jumps off of it and sports around it, which the children have had for three generations. I believe it was an understood condition in the sale of the meeting-house that the horse-block and weather-cock should remain forever ! ANCIENT SnfGING. In the early period of the settlement, from 1730 till about the time of the Revolution, the singing on the Sabbath was led by some one appointed for the purpose ; he, giving out the tune and reading two lines at a time of the psalm or hymn which was to be sung — and the singers, with as many of the congregation as were able, joining in the service. What was called " Tate & Brady's Collection" was then used. After Mr. John Kimball, subsequently deacon, came into town, some innovations were introduced. Being one of the singers, Mr. Kimball proposed to Rev. Mr. Walker to dispense with the lining of the hymns, a3 it was called, on the Sabbath ; but as Mr. Walker thought it not prudent to attempt it first on the Sabbath, it was arranged be tween them to make the change on Thanksgiving day. Accord ingly, after a hymn had been given out, the leader, as usual, read two lines ; the singers struck in, but, instead of stopping at the end of the two lines, kept on, drowning the voice of the leader, who persisted in his vocation of lining the hymn ! This was the first change. When the meeting-house was finished, in 1784, it was fitted up with a singers' pew in the gallery opposite the pulpit. This was a large, square pew, with a box, or table, in the middle, for the singers to lay their books on. In singing they rose and faced each other, forming a hollow square. At this time the chor ister used, for pitching the tune, what was called a pitch-pipe, made of wood ; an inch or more wide, somewhat in the form of a boy's whistle, but so constructed as to admit of different keys. Under the ministry of Rev. Mr. Evans, who was himself very fond of music, some instruments were introduced, which was the second great innovation, and attended with so much excitement and opposition, that, according to tradition, some persons left the meeting-house rather than hear the profane sounds of " the fiddle and flute." During this period Dea. John Kimball and Capt. 532 HISTORY OF CONCORD. David Davis are remembered as being leading singers. Master Flagg and Simeon G. Hall — the latter a son of Dea. David Hall — dressed in small clothes with knee-buckles, played the flute. About this time Watts's Psalms and Hymns were used in singing, and an old singing book called the Worcester Collection. Mr. Asa McFarland was first introduced to Concord as a teacher of music, about 1793, and after his settlement a musical society was formed, which obtained an act of incorporation. The society was duly organized September 10, 1 799, at a meeting in the old town-hall, and the following officers chosen : Timothy Walker, Esq., president ; John Odlin, clerk ; Jacob Abbot, Jr., treasurer ; Timothy Chandler, Richard Ayer and Jonathan East man, trustees ; Jacob Abbot, Jr., chorister ; Thomas Stickney, Jr., assistant chorister. At an adjourned meeting, October 7, 1799, Nathan Ballard, Jr., was elected 2d assistant chorister ; Thomas Stickney, Jr., collector, and Jacob Abbot, Jr., librarian ; and a tax of twenty- five cents laid on each member. To this society Dea. Joseph Hall made • a donation of five hundred dollars, as a permanent fund,* " from a desire to encour age and promote the practice of sacred music in the town of Concord," which fund, safely invested, has proved highly con ducive to the proposed end ; the interest annually accruing there from being devoted to the object. The following persons have * Whereas I, Joseph HaU, of Concord, in the County of Rockingham and State of New- Hampshire, gentleman, from a desire to encourage and promote the practice of sacred mu sic in said town of Concord, have thought proper to make a donation to the "Concord Musi cal Society " of the sum of five hundred dollars in the funded debt of the United States, bearing at this time an interest of six per cent, per annum. Now, to tbe intent that a full understanding of my will in respect to the said donation may be known to the members of the said society and all others, whom it may concern, I do hereby voluntarily enter the same on the record of the said society. 1st. The sum of five hundred dollars shall always be kept on interest, entire and undimin ished : Therefore the payments which government may from time to time make of the prin cipal of the aforesaid stock, shall, by the trustees of said society for the time being, imme - diately upon receipt thereof, be again put to interest upon good security, so that lawful interest upon the said sum of five hundred doUars may annually and forever accrue to the said society. Sd. The interest which shall arise upon the aforesaid donation shall always be subject to the disposal of the society in that way which they shall judge will best promote and encour age the use and practice of sacred music in said town. In witness whereof I have hereunto Bet my hand and seal, this thirtieth day of April, Anno Domini one thousand eight hundred and one. Joseph Hilu [l. ».] Signed and sealed in presence of Obadiah Carrigain, Philip Carrigain, Jr. ANCIENT MATTERS. 533 been appointed choristers by the Society, who were also leaders of the choir in the old North meeting-house, viz : 1799 — Jacob Abbot, Jr. 1806 - 9 — James Ayer. 1800— Timothy Chandler. 1810— George Hough. 1801 — George Hough. 1811-15 — James Ayer. 1802— Thomas Stickney, Jr. 1816 - 19 — Samuel Fletcher. 1803 " » " 1820-1— George Stickney. 1804— Timothy Chandler. 1822 -41 — Samuel Fletcher. 1805 — Dyer Abbot. 1842 - 45 — James Ayer. When the addition was made to the meeting-house, in 1802, the old singers' pew was taken away, but seats assigned them in the same relative position opposite to the pulpit. They stood in singing, but did not turn round. The musical instruments which were used for many years, more or less, were the violin and bass- viol, the flute and clarinet. The first organ used in town was in the Unitarian meeting house, and which was burnt with the house in 1854 ; the second in the Episcopal church ; the third in the South Congregational ; the fourth in the New North ; and the fifth in the First Baptist meeting-house. Music has for a number of years past been cultivated as a sci ence. In this, as in every considerable place, there are gentlemen wholly devoted to it, as a profession. In the families of the original settlers, and also in those of their descendants of the second and third generation, religious order was maintained. The late aged Mrs. Hazeltine gave the writer the names of all the families that lived on Concord Main street when she was a little girl — about 1746 — and says they all had " family orders" — that is, attended family prayer. Having very few books, the Bible was daily read, and the Assembly's Shorter Catechism committed to memory and recited by the children, who were also trained to habits of strict submission, and obedience to parental authority. Most of the heads of families also were members of the church, either on the " half way covenant," or in full communion, and their children were baptized. Commonly each family had a nice white blanket, called the ." baptism blanket," in which their children, in succession, were carried out 534 HISTORY OF CONCORD. to meeting for baptism. George Abbot, Esq., and his sister Betsey, wife of Amos Hoyt, have the white linen blanket, about a yard square, which was used as the baptism blanket for all of Dea. George Abbot's family, nine sons, and of his son Ezra's family, eleven in number. It has been used for the baptism of children to the sixth generation, besides being borrowed for the same purpose by neighbors. It is now more than one hundred years old, and not a brack in it ! The social manners and customs of the people in early times 'were simple, friendly and unceremonious. • Visiting was common and frequent among neighbors, and often without formal invita- tation. When a company of neighbors, was invited, the women went early and " spent the afternoon," taking their knitting or other handy work, and their babies with them. Their husbands either accompanied them, or went in season to take supper and return early in the evening. Tradition relates that on one occa sion the women who lived near the meeting-house made a visit to their friend, Mrs. Elizabeth Hazeltine, living about three miles distant, on what is now called the Silk Farm, to assist her in quilting. Being young mothers, they took their babies and reached the house early, expecting to finish the quilt so as to be home by sundown. But night came on and the quilt was not out. Candles were then wanting, for the lack of which Mr. Hazeltine went to his wood-pile, and, picking out a large pitch- pine stump, placed it whole on the fire. The light was wonder ful — all but equalling the orb of day — enabling the women to finish " the flowers " in the quilt in the handsomest style. The husbands being now present, all partook of a well cooked supper, and at such an hour as a modern party begins, this closed. The babies were wrapped in their warm blanke'ts, and each one placed in its mother's arms after she was seated on the nice blue pillion behind her husband; and all started for " home — sweet home !" The suppers on these occasions consisted of plain, wholesome food — new bread, pies, dough-nuts, sometimes roasted meat, or turkey, with good cider for the men, and a cup of tea for the ladies. The ancient customs of the early settlers are still pre served in a considerable degree in the " West Parish," and in the eastern section of the town. But in the main village the ANCIENT MATTERS. 535 change is entire. This, however, was gradually brought about. The customs of old families — the Ayers, Bradleys, Walkers, Kimballs, Stickneys, &c, were modified and new ones introduced by new families that moved into the village. Among these may be mentioned the Harris and Duncan families, previous to 1800, who were reckoned genteel and fashionable. Col. William A. Kent, a gentleman of highly social qualities, and his wife, a lady of accomplished manners; Peter Green, Esq., and at a later day Hon. Thomas W. Thompson and family, took a lead in the fashions of society. The hours for parties were changed from early after dinner, to late in the afternoon ; then from six o'clock to seven, eight and nine ; and the hour for retiring till ten, eleven, and still later. Of course the knitting and other handy work which formed a part of the social entertainment of olden times, is not considered genteel at this day ! In the social gatherings of young people, of both sexes, danc ing was a favorite amusement. Old Mr. Herbert says, " The young folks always danced, sometimes with a fiddle, and sometimes without, but when there was no fiddler they sung and danced to the tune ;" but he adds, " we always went home by nine o'clock." On particular occasions, such as ordinations, new year, and other times, there were evening dancing parties, in which not only the young, but elderly and married people participated. Although the parson, deacons, and other members of the church, did not "join in the dance," yet they would " look on," and admit that there was " no harm simply in dancing, though the time might be more profitably spent." The amusements and recreations of young men were mostly of the athletic kind. " Playing ball" was always practiced, as it still is, in the spring and fall. Wrestling was very common ; but this took place at social and public gatherings, especially at raisings, when, after the labor of raising the building was over, stimulated by the good treat which all hands had received, they were dis posed to show their strength in raising or prostrating one another. First, the sport would begin with youngsters trying their strength in the centre of a circle formed by spectators. Then older and stronger ones would come into the ring. Wagers would be laid, and a little more stimulant taken in would give wonderful elas- 536 HISTORY OF CONCORD. ticity and strength to the parties. By and by defiant and angry words would be heard, and it was well if a fight did not end the sport. The most famous wrestler and fighter of old times waa Ephraim Colby.* The last wrestling match that is remembered to have taken place in the Main street was at the raising of Capt. Joseph Walker's large barn, about 1831. It should be added that it was customary at all large raisings, after the ridge pole was fairly in ita place, for the master-work man to celebrate or dedicate the whole, by dashing upon it a bot tle of rum, with three hearty cheers from the company. Atkinson Webster, Esq., 6ays the last rum-ceremony of this kind that he re members, was at the raising of the first Eagle coffee-house, in 1827. ANCIENT TRAVEL. For more than eighty years Concord was the great thorough fare for travel from the northwestern and northern parts of New- Hampshire and adjoining portions of Vermont, to Portsmouth, Salem, Newburyport and Boston, which were the principal mar ket places. Wagons in summer and sleds in winter, loaded with produce of various kinds, were drawn to market by oxen or horses. The former were the more common as late as 1780. From Plymouth to Portsmouth the road run through Sanbomton, Canterbury and the northeast part of Concord. In that section of the town, Mr. John Hoyt, father of Jacob, built a log house (in which Jacob was born) and kept a tavern that was very cel ebrated in that day. The oven in it was so spacious that a boy twelve years old could go in and turn round. Mr. Hoyt charged half a pistareen, or about nine cents, for keeping a yoke of oxen over night. One night thirty-three teams, or sixty-six oxen, put up there. The barn was large and well filled with hay, which was chiefly cut from a meadow of natural mowing belonging to the farm. Mr. Hoyt also raised his own stock — cattle, sheep, &c, and his table was well supplied with fresh meat ; but travel ers usually carried their own bread and cheese. This tavern was kept there from 1780 till Mr. Hoyt's death, in 1805. Wolves and bears were common in that section, within the memory of his son Jacob, now eighty-three years of age. Much of the travel to Portsmouth through Concord main * See notices of him in Biographical Chapter. ANCIENT MATTERS. 537 village passed over " Kimball's ferry" or over " Merrill's ferry," to Newburyport, Salem and Boston. Since 1800 the travel in the winter with loaded sleighs, drawn by two horses, was so great that it was not uncommon to see fifteen, twenty, thirty and more passing through Main street in a line, at a time. As Concord was a convenient stopping place, consequently good taverns were established in sufficient number to accommodate the travel. At the north end were Mann's, Hannaford's, afterwards Barker's, tavern ; George's, Herbert's and Stickney's. In the middle of the street Kinsman's, Osgood's, Gale's, Hutchins's, and at a later period others ; at the lower end of the street was Butters's. These were well kept and well supported. The stables were very capacious, tables were amply furnished with provisions and cider, while the bar was always well stocked with every sort of spirituous liquor. After the boating business was established at Concord, immense quantities of produce of every kind were conveyed to Boston market by boats ; and goods in return, taken from the landing place and conveyed into the interior in heavy loaded wagons, drawn by four, six and eight horses. Thus business continued till the opening of the Concord railroad in 1842. ANCIENT MASTING. Concord was formerly famous for the noble mast trees which it furnished, not only for his " Majesty's royal navy,"* but at a later period for ships and vessels of various kinds built along the sea board. The best masts were drawn from the northwesterly sec tion of Horse-hill, conveyed to the Contoocook river, at what is now called the Mast-yard, thence floated down to the Merrimack river direct, or they were drawn by teams from the Borough to the sand-banks, or below Sewall's falls, and there thrown into the river. The first mast-master we have particular knowledge of was Lieut. John Webster. He once lived in a small house on the spot where Samuel A. Kimball, Esq., lives, and carried on masting operations in Concord and neighboring towns. Mr. Timothy Walker remembers that Lieut. Webster cut a mast in Northfield which measured thirty-eight inches diameter at sixty * In early times the large white pines suitable for masts were marked as they stood in tbe forests, " G. R." 538 HISTORY OF CONCORD. feet from the butt, and took one hundred and four oxen, or fifty- two teams, to draw it. The next famous mast-master was Capt. Reuben Kimball. The manner in which he carried on the business was as follows : Taking a strong team in the winter, of twenty yoke of oxen or more, with sleds and an adequate number of men, he went mto the woods and camped. His men were divided into sections for particular parts of the work, called swampers, teamsters, choppers, peelers and tailsmen. The swampers cleared the way ; choppers cut down the trees ; peelers peeled off the bark ; teamsters drove the oxen ; and two tailsmen walked by the side of the hind team, and in case at any time the tongue of the sled, in passing a hollow place, run so high as to lift the hind oxen up by the neck, then the tailsmen seized the tails of the oxen and drew them outward, so that in coming down the tongue of the sled would not strike them. In going on to the ground the mast-master usually rode on horseback and gave his orders. In drawing the logs on a sled the mast-master, or other principal man, road on the sled and thence gave out his orders. Among other mast-masters of olden time the following are well remembered : Ezekiel Carter, of the West Parish, John Brad ley, Esq., and Jonathan Eastman. The late Jeremiah Pecker was extensively engaged in rafting logs down the river. ANCIENT PORK BARRELS. Mr. Joseph P. Stickney has now in use in his cellar, two pork barrels that were brought into Penacook by his ancestor, Lieut. Jeremiah Stickney, about the year 1731 ; which have been in use every year since, and still appear to be sound. They were made of what is called heart-pine ; require to be hooped once in about twenty years. Their remarkable preservation so long is attributed to the salt and brine which are constantly in them. AN ANCIENT PEAR TREE. Standing on the farm of Nathan K. Abbot, and a few rods south of his house, is a pear tree that is known to have stood over ninety-five years. It grew up a seedling, but the fruit, which ripens in September, is large and of excellent quality, ANCIENT MATTERS. 539 nearly equal to the modem " Bartlett pear." It bears more or less every year, but abundantly every other year. Besides sup plying the family with pears, it is estimated that at least four hundred dollars worth have been sold for cash. When the tree was owned by the late Thomas Abbot, his practice was in the season of the fruit to invite his friends to visit him and " eat pears," which they did do with good relish ! THE OLD HAY SCALES. The old hay scales, as they were called by way of eminence, were located in the valley southeast of the Town Hall, and of which the annexed cut presents as good a view as could !p[ be obtained by a des- ~ cription from memory. These scales were the wonderment of boys throughout the vil lage thirty-five and forty years ago, and the process of weighing loads of hay always attracted more or less of them, who watched the movements of Mr. Ayer* with the utmost interest. Great skill was requisite in the driver, in order to check up his cattle when the cart-wheels reached their assigned position ; but they very often shot over, and then he was compelled to drive around — making a wide radius, and entering the establishment with greater caution than before. When the load reached its exact position, the cattle were detached, the cart tongue suspended by a chain, one end of which was made fast beneath the roof, and the crank turned by which to raise the load from the ground. Then the crank was made fast, when Mr. Ayer went into the little projection at the east end, and, looking first at a printed table upon the wall, and then working upon his slate, summed up the weight, to the amazement of the boys and the satisfaction of the owner of the hay. The whole affair was a perfect puzzle to vil lage urchins, and will not soon be forgotten, f •James Ayer. t JV. B. Statesman. DESCRIPTIVE AND PERSONAL. In the preceding chapters we have given, in chronological order, whatever pertains to the civil affairs of the town, with numerous miscellaneous incidents and anecdotes relative to ancient and modern times. The limits assigned to our work require that the remaining portions, embracing, each, a distinct subject, should be more con densed, in matter and form. No. 1. PHYSICAL HISTORY. The most striking physical features of Concord are its Rivers, Ponds and Streams ; its Diluvium Plains and Granite Bills. The Merrimack river, which, properly, is formed by the confluence at Franklin of the Pemigewasset and Winnepiseogee branches, re ceives on the northern line of the town the Contoocook river from the west, and thence flows, gently and gracefully meandering through the whole length of the township, dividing it near the centre into eastern and western sections. Above Sewall's Island is a considera ble fall, but no available water power is afforded until it Teaches Turkey and Garvin's Falls. Subject Us freshes, or overflowings of its banks from heavy rains and sudden melting of snows, the whole adjacent interval is sometimes covered with water, as far as the eye can reach. These freshes more commonly occur in the spring and autumn. After a great rain the river attains its greatest height in about twenty-one hours. Sometimes extensive damage is done to bridges, mills, lumber, &c, but the freshes, by their alluvial deposit, enrich the intervals for a future crop. Within the past fifty years great changes have taken place in the bed and course of the river. In 1853, at the request of the New- Hampshire Historical Society, Dr. William Prescott made an exam ination and survey of these changes, assisted by Bichard Bradley and Jonathan Eastman, Esqs. In his report to the Society Dr. Prescott DESCRIPTIVE. 541 specifies these changes, which he attributes to three causes : 1. To abrasions, or the wearing away of the bank on one side of the river, and a corresponding filling in of the other. 2. To freshes. 3. To artificial operations along the river. By the first process the channel becomes more and more crooked; long curves and short bends are formed, until only a narrow neck of land remains at some point, which is cut through at the next great overflow, thereby forming a new channel, while the old one is left, either dry or studded with stagnant pools. In this way, no doubt, in ancient times, Horse shoe pond and the Frog ponds were formed. Previous to 1825 the river, passing the bluffs at Sugar Ball, had flowed in a remarkably circuitous channel along the banks by Fort Eddy, sweeping easterly, southerly and westerly, so as to form a respectable ox-bow. A great freshet, in 1826, swept away a large mass of bank on the east side, and in 1828 it cut a channel directly through from Sugar Ball, form ing, on the west, an island, now owned by Richard Bradley. The first week in January, 1831, the river swept straight across Hale's Point, cutting off the old ferry road. Other changes are visible above and below Farnum's eddy ; in the vicinity of Squaw lot ; above and south of the Free bridge, where the whole width of the channel has been changed from east to west,* and at the curve in the vicinity of the Frog ponds, where much new and valuable land has been formed on the west side, by washings and deposits from the eastern bluffs. In the construction of the Northern Railroad, in 1846 and 1847, Farnum's eddy was filled up and rubbled, thus throwing the current of the river to the east side. At Sewall's Island, where the river flowed around it, the whole course was turned east. At Goodwin's ' Point, around the west end of which, close under the great sand bank, the river formerly flowed, about forty acres were cut off by exca vating a new channel on the east side, and forming an island. In excavating this channel the workmen, at the depth of about twelve feet, struck upon a bed of vegetable matter, consisting of leaves, twigs, branches and trunks of small trees, the form of which was perfect, and the limbs and bark distinct. This vegetable deposit was imbedded in a stratum of fine, blue sand, from one to three inches in thickness. Hence it is inferred that this place was, at some re mote period, the bed of the river; and that, in fact, the whole of what now constitutes our rich and beautiful interval, has been pro duced, or manufactured out of the adjacent uplands, by the ceaseless action and deposits of the river.f The Contoocook river rises in or near Rindge, N. H. ; flows north erly, nearly parallel with Merrimack river, through Peterborough, Antrim, Hillsborough, Henniker and Hopkinton, about fifty miles, and as it approaches its junction with the Merrimack — from the * Moses Shute, Esq., says he used to drive cows alone the west bank of the Merrimack, when a boy, and since then the river has washed away its entire width, adding valuable land to the farms opposite. t See the whole of Dr. Prescott's valuable Report, in the archives of the N. H. Historical Society, with a Map. To him I am indebted for the substance of the above. 542 HISTORY OF CONCORD. "Mast Yard" to its mouth — it runs through, and, indeed, consti tutes a fertile section of Concord, and affords fine mill privileges for more than a mile in its course, at the Borough and at FisherviUe. The Soucook river rises in Gilmanton, and, entering Concord near the line between Loudon and Chichester, furnishes the water power at " Dickerman's Mills," so called ; thence constituting the boundary between Concord and Pembroke, it flows east of the " Dark Plain," affording mill privileges along its course, till it empties into the Merrimack below Garvin's Falls. This river, after it enters Con cord, is very crooked and rapid, requiring seven bridges to be main tained for convenience of crossing it. The Ponds in Concord are — 1. Turkey Pond, in the south-west part of the town, containing about one hundred and seventy acres, by survey of Capt. Benjamin Parker — so called from a fancied re semblance in its form-to a turkey, with its ample body and bended neck. Surrounded with bogs, the waters of this pond are of a dark color, imparting their hue somewhat to the fish with which it abounds. Northerly of this principal pond, and united with it by a small stream, is Little Turkey pond, which, in the summer season, is a place of delightful resort by people from the main village. The outlet of both is Turkey river, a considerable stream, affording valuable mill- sites. Here was the first grist and saw-mill ever erected on the west side of Merrimack river. 2. Horse-shoe Pond, at the head of Main street- — in form resem bling the shoe of a horse — was, no doubt, anciently the bed of Mer rimack river. It encloses a fertile tract of land, owned by Joseph B. Walker, Esq. The house lots west of this tract were, in the orig inal survey, called the " Island range." This pond is crossed by the track of the Northern Railroad. The outlet and inlet of it is called Wattanummon's brook. Connected by the brook with Merrimack river at the east end, the water in the pond rises and falls according to the flow of water in the river. This pond abounds with perch and pickerel, larger than are found in any other place in town. 3. Long Pond is a beautiful sheet of water, in the west part of the town, one mile and three fourths in length, half a mile in the widest part, and its mean or average width 75f rods. As lately surveyed by George Abbot, Esq., it contains an area of two hundred and sixty-five acres. Its greatest depth, as measured by Reuben K. Abbot, in the summer of 1852, was eighty-four feet. Fed by streams that gush from neighboring hills, the water in the pond is cool, pure, clear as crystal, and abounds with perch and pickerel, whose color is bright and sparkling. Only one trout was ever caught in this pond ; it weighed about five pounds. From the north end issues a never- failing stream, that affords valuable mill privileges. It is said that no person was ever drowned in this pond. Should the city of Con cord, in its main village, ever require "Croton," or "Cochituate water," like the smaller cities of New- York and Boston, we cannot doubt it will be supplied from Long Pond. 4. Little Pond, on the hill easterly of Long Pond, lies. quietly in DESCRIPTIVE. 543 a basin, concealed from view by a thick grove on tho west and south, and by an overshadowing hill on the north. ft. On the east side of the river, towards the Loudon line, is Turtle Pond, supposed to derive its name from the unusual quantity and size of turtles found there. It is nearly surrounded by bog and swamp land. When the pond is frozen over there is occasionally heard issuing from it a deep, low, groaning sort of sound, which elderly people in the neighborhood describe, by saying — " The pond has the belly-ache — there will soon be a change of weather." Its waters are discharged by Mill-brook, through the valley, southerly, into the Merrimack, furnishing excellent water privileges in the East village for mills and factories. On this stream the first grist and saw-mill in Concord was built, in 1729. 6. Snow Pond, north-west of Turtle Pond, on the westerly side of Oak Hill, derives its name from an early settler by the name of Zerobbabel Snow. According to a recent survey, by Capt. Benjamin Parker, it contains about twenty-five acres. Jacob Hoyt, Esq., says that near this pond Mr. Snow, on a hunting excursion, was treed by a pack of wolves just at night. He fired away at them all the balls he had, and then cut off buttons from his coat and discharged them ; but the wolves kept round the tree till broad day light next morning, when they went off, and he escaped. On the north-west issues a small stream, sufficient to carry a shingle-mill. Uniting with Hack- ett's brook, this stream flows into the Merrimack river above Sewall's falls bridge. North-east of Snow's pond, in a deep valley at the base of Oak Hill, on the Concord and Loudon line, is a pond measuring thirty- one rods across it, called Hot-hole Pond, the bottom of which, it it is said, has never been reached. The Interval land that borders Merrimack river, from a quarter of a mile to a mile in width, is distinguished for its extent, beauty and fertility. Though of unequal "quality in different places, yet, taken together, it yields bountiful crops of grass, corn, oats, potatoes, and sometimes wheat. The soil throughout is a rich alluvial, believed to be equal to any on the Connecticut river, within the limits of New- Hampshire, except that at the " Ox-bow," so called, in Haverhill. Large solitary trees of elm and walnut, scattered over the interval, add greatly to the beauty of the prospect, as surveyed from adjacent uplands. On the east side of the Merrimack the " Dark Plain," extending from Turkey Fall! to Mill-brook, about five miles in length, and from the eastern bluffs of the Merrimack to the Soucook, three miles, was formerly covered with a heavy growth of pitch-pine. Though the growth on this plain has been repeatedly cut off and burnt over, it still remains a " dark pine plain ;" thin, sandy soil, incapable of much improvement by cultivation. When the pine growth is cut and subdued, shrub oaks spring up ; or, what is much better, a rich growth of blueberry and whortleberry bushes. Opposite to this plain, on the west side of the river, is another, extending from Tur- 544 HISTORY OF CONCORD. key falls to Main street, and from the banks of the Merrimack south westerly, to the Iron Works. In the West parish is a plain, which extends from the burying-ground, near the meeting-house, to Fisher viUe northerly, and from the banks of the Merrimack to the Contoo cook river west. One portion of this is dry, sandy soil, and another portion wet, heavy bog. Of the up-lands in Concord there is considerable diversity of quality, generally uneven, rough and hilly; of hard, granite soil, a large part covered originally with a heavy growth of hard-wood ; but, when cleared and cultivated, forming excellent farms and good pas tures. On the east side, northerly of the Dark Plain, is a tract of hard-wood and pine, of gravelly soil and not very productive. The tract bordering Turtle pond is valuable for pasture and tillage. West erly to Oak hill is a growth of hard maple, from which sugar is manufactured ; and a chestnut orchard, belonging to the Potter family, annually yields from sixty to eighty bushels of chestnuts, which sell from $2,50 to $3,00 a bushel. Westerly and northerly of Oak hill — which is famous for its heavy growth of hard wood — in what is called " Snaptown," and " the Mountain" districts, are some of the best upland and most productive farms in the town. On the west side of Merrimack river the " Horse-hill" district is especially noted for its rich pastures, and for the excellent dairies which furnish the market with butter and cheese. The whole of the West parish district is an uneven tract, composed of wood, pasture and arable land ; which latter, cultivated by the patient and persever ing industry of hardy yeomanry, richly rewards their labors. More attention is paid to raising fruit in this section than in any other part of the town. Not only excellent apples, but peaches, pears and plums, of various kinds, are raised here. Owned by the Flanders family is a valuable chestnut grove. The Abbots, Carters and Far- nums, now living in the West parish, retain and cultivate the old homestead farms which have descended to them from their ancestors. Mr. Stephen Carlton supplies the market with the best of early veg etables and fruit, and Dea. Ira Rowell with the purest of milk — sending in on Saturday evening a generous supply for the Sabbath. What is true of the section westerly of " Long Pond" is applicable equally to the " Little Pond" district, where beautiful and productive farms are seen. The scenery in the vicinity of Long Pond, especially in summer and autumn, is highly picturesque, beautiful and attractive. The remaining sections in the westerly part of the town, including "Beech," " Dimond" and " Stickney Hill," present a fine growth of wood and timber ; are rich in pasture, and, under cultivation, fertile. The section known as the " Bog Road," formerly the " Great Swamp," now cleared and cultivated, yields an abundant reward for the labor bestowed upon it. The " Iron Works" section is well cultivated and productive. Granite is found in every part of the town in ledges, or cobble stones on the surface, in inexhaustible quantities, but varying in quality and texture in different locations. West of the Main village is a hill DESCRIPTIVE. 545 range, of the primary formation, running from north to south, about three miles in length. This is covered with a thin soil, overgrown with wood of every variety, but beneath the surface composed of granite ledges. The range rises to its highest point in the geograph ical centre of the town, about two miles from the main village, where it is computed to be five hundred and eighty feet above the high water mark of the river. The more northerly section of this range belongs to the town farm ; the central portion to John and Simeon Abbot, and to Moses H. and Benjamin Farnum; the southern and "Sum mit ledge," as it called, belonged to the estate of the late Charles Walker, Esq. It was purchased in 1834, by Luther Roby and Wil liam Green,* by whom, under the superintendence of Mr. Roby, it has been extensively wrought. Near the Summit, on the eastern declivity of this range, are local ities known as the old Rattlesnake Dens. Particular rocks have also received names from circumstances connected with them ; such as "Sheep rock," "Old Phebe," " Sow rock," "Raccoon" and "La Fay ette." Mr. Simeon Abbot and Mr. Luther Roby have furnished some interesting and amusing facts and anecdotes, derived from tra dition and personal observation. Mr. Abbot says : " My father bought thirty-six acres of the hill, which I and my brother John now own, for fifty cents an acre, or $18. He sold a single rock, called the ' Phebe Rock,' to Gass and Johnson, for $110. They sold it on a contract, at the State Prison, for $1540. It was wrought there for the New-Orleans market, and sold for $6000." This < Phebe rock' lay upon the surface, and derived its name from the Phebe bird, which built its nest annually under its lofty sides. On this the first experiment of seam shot blasting was tried. Joseph Parker and Jacob Badger were the managers. Having made a seam by means of wedges through the depth of the rock, they began at the outer edges and poured in sand, which, running obliquely, filled the crevice sufficiently for the purpose. They then deposited a keg, or twenty-five pounds of powder, in the middle, overspreading the same with sand and pressing it down as hard as could safely be done. For a, fuse they inserted a thistle-stalk, and then set a slow match of tow, extending a considerable distance. The explosion produced a shock like a little earthquake ; the huge mass was thrown over, to the amazement and joy of the beholders ! When split and worked up it was found to contain 11,000 feet of dimension stone, beside a large quantity of cellar and refuse stone. The " Sow rock" contained six thousand feet, and was so called from the fact that a sow found a secure retreat under its sides for a litter of pigs in rattlesnake times. The " La Fayette rock" was so named about the time Gen. La Fayette visited this place, in 1825. Its splitting qualities were so remarkable that the workmen frequently exclaimed, as the pieces were split off — "as true as the leaves of the Bible" — meaning exact and regular. From this portion of the hill the stones were obtained for the first grist mill built in Concord, in 1729, by Nathan Symonds. * Lately sold to the New-York and Concord Granite Company. 35 546 HISTORY OF CONCORD. In 1819 Messrs. John P. Gass and Dearborn Johnson made a contract with the State, and hired the convicts at the prison, for the purpose of supplying a foreign market; and the products of their labor, by means of the Concord and Boston Boating Company, which had just commenced operations, reached Boston, New- York, Phila delphia and Baltimore. In 1820, and for quite a number of years afterwards, the business was successfully carried on by the warden of the prison, Capt. Moses Pillsbury, the successor of Capt. Dearborn, by whose efforts and per severance stone splitting and cutting was reduced to a system. Stones were furnished to the prison in the rough at twelve and one half cents per surface foot, or fourteen cents per cubic foot. From 1819 to 1834 the foreign trade was pursued with vigor and profit, giving employment to many of the inhabitants of Concord. Mr. Roby, who has carried on the business of cutting, splitting and hammering stone for the last fourteen years, relates that in 1842 he got out of his ledge stones for the Concord despot that weighed from twelve to fourteen tons. One of the largest of these stones, about seventeen feet long, he drew from the top of the ledge the back way — that is, by Little Pond road — having the power of forty yoke of oxen to draw it. The stone was placed on two strong, new sleds, in the month of March. The chain which he used, weighing about five hundred pounds, with studded links, was broken soon after the first start, and the sleds run back to the brow of the ledge against a large oak tree. One sled was entirely demolished, and the hind beam of the other broken. A second attempt, with new chains and sleds, was successful. From this ledge, at the expense of the State, was furnished the block for the Washington Monument, four feet and two inches wide, and eighteen inches thick. It is polished and lettered, New- Hampshire. From the summit of Granite hill, above Roby's ledge, is a magnifi cent view of the main village, the interval of the Merrimack, and a large portion of the eastern section of the State. Westerly and northerly the prospect is bounded only by the distant horizon — taking in the Monadnock, Kearsarge, Moosehillock, and, in fine weather, mountains extending to the White hills. There is a valuable granite ledge on the hill south-west of Richard Bradley's, owned by Joseph B. Walker. On Horse-hill, near the Mast Yard dep6t, is a locality of porphy- ritic granite. Boulders, also, of porphyritic granite and of other kinds, some of mica slate, are found, supposed to have drifted from localities at the north. A short distance from the West Concord meeting-house, on the line of the railroad, is a locality of quartz and feldspar. Iron ore in small quantities was found at an early period, in the south-westerly part of the town, and at the bend in the river, south east of the main village, above Concord bridge. The surface of the soil still indicates the existence of ore. DESCRIPTIVE. 547 Excellent clay, for making bricks, is found on the Hopkinton road, three miles from the State House ; also, westerly of Turkey falls; on the Loudon road, near Turtle pond, and various other places. Of the Quadrupeds, Birds, Reptiles and Fishes of Concord, Uttle more can be said than that they are such as are common to the northern parts of New-England.* Bears, wolves, deer and beaver, formerly here, like the original natives, have become extinct, or withdrawn from the face of civilized men. The partridge is common, but the quail is a rare bird in Concord. After a residence of thirty years, the writer has yet to see the first one. Rattlesnakes are no more : the war against the varmint, and especially the premium offered for their " tails," has resulted in their extermination. For merly, the good people caught their own shad and salmon, which annually, in the spring season, passed up the Merrimack to their summer resorts — in the Winnepiseogee and Pemigewasset waters; but factories, and dams across the river, have impeded their course, and left us to lust in vain for their flesh. It is a curious fact, well attested, that formerly, as the shad and salmon reached the confluence of waters that form the Merrimack river, at Franklin, the former always went up the Winnepiseogee branch to the lake of that name ; and the latter, the Pemigewasset branch to the Squam and Newfound lakes — there respectively "to lay their young." A few salmon, in old times, went up the Contoocook river, and in ascending the falls where FisherviUe now is, were caught in pots and nets. When Presi dent Monroe visited the town, in 1817, he took an excursion, in a small steamer, down the river as far as the locks and canal at Garvin's falls, and in passing through the canal a large salmon was caught, which was taken on board and introduced to the President, who expressed his great gratification, and said it was the first live salmon he had ever seen. Concord has never been distinguished for its fruits. The apple flourishes well, and was formerly raised in considerable quantities for the purpose of making cider. Within the last twenty-five years many of the old apple orchards have been cut down ; others have been renovated by being grafted with scions of a superior quality. Young orchards are found in every section of the town. The pear and peach do not flourish so well in the main village as on the uplands east and west of the river. Vegetables common to New-England are abundant here. Native grapes are found ; but the more delicate exotic grapes are not sure of coming to maturity before they are nipped by frost. "Various kinds of wild berries — the straw berry, blackberry, blueberry, whortleberry, raspberry ; also, the hazel nut, oilnut, chestnut, walnut, (in less quantities,) are found in every section of the town. Trees. Concord is distinguished for the elms and other beautiful trees which ornament the principal streets of the main village. The Rev. Timothy. Walker, and his son Timothy, with the help of " Prince," about the year 1756, set out four elms standing in front * See a list of these, severally, in tbe Documentary Chapter, furnished by William Pres cott, M. D. 548 HISTORY OF CONCORD. of the house of Joseph B. Walker, and the one standing now in the yard in front of the house where Mr. Walker was born ; and, also, one elm standing at the easterly corner of the house of the venera ble Timothy Waiker. One elm, a little north of the four first named, was probably set out about thirty years afterwards. These elms, taken together, are the most stately in town.* Ezekiel Walker, brother of James, set out three elm trees in 1760, in front of the Hannaford house, so called, now belonging to Professor Stephen M. Yail, of the Biblical Institute. Capt. Enoch Coffin, and his brother, Col. John Coffin, about the year 1782, set out the elm now standing in front of the house of Samuel Coffin, Esq., — a tree admirable for its fair and magnificent proportions, as represented in the above cut, though not equal to the original. The elegant elm tree close to the house of the late Abiel Walker was set out about the same time. * Circumference of first, at three feet from the ground, sixteen feet ; at six feet from the ground, fourteen feet Trunk divides into branches at twelve feet from the ground, and the diameter of the top, measured up and down Main street, is one hundred feet ; and measured at right angles with Main street, is one hundred feet. Circumference of second, at three feet from the ground, twelve feet and nine inches ; at six feet from the ground, twelve feet and three inches. Circumference of third, at three feet from tbe ground, nine feet ; at six feet from the ground, nine feet and three inches. Circumference of fourth, at three feet from the ground, thirteen feet; at six feet from the ground, twelve feet. Circumference of the fifth, at three feet from the ground, eight feet and two inches ; at six feet from the ground, seven feet and nine inches. This tree was planted at a later date. Tree in front of Timothy Walker's house. Circumference, at three feet from the ground, twelve feet and nine inches ; at six feet from tbe ground, twelve feet and two inches. DESCRIPTIVE. 549 Ephraim Colby set out an elm tree at the corner of the burying- ground, near a house owned by David George, now burnt down. He also set out the four elm trees in front of the house owned by the late Dr. Peter Green — since burnt down — now partly shading the house of Henry A. Newhall, opposite the Court house.* It is sup posed that these trees were set out by Colby about the year 1787. The six elms now standing in front of the old house of Rev. Dr. Bouton, were set out about 1787, by Major Daniel Livermore, who built the house in 1785. The wide-spread elms in front of the mansion of the late Col. Thomas Stickney [see view] are said to have been set out by Ephraim Colby, about the year 1787. The late Mr. Jeremiah Stickney, who died in 1850, aged 85, used to say that when the trees were set out he was big enough to help hold them up. This house, it will be recollected, was formerly a garrison house. From time to time it has been enlarged and modified, but still retains its venerable appearance. It has been occupied from the beginning by successive generations of the Stickney family. [See genealogy.] Mrs. Mary, widow of John Odlin, Esq., and daughter of Col. Thomas Stickney, now the oldest native woman in town, was born in this house, October 30, 1766. The house is now owned by Mrs. Mary Ann, widow of Thomas Stickney, jr., and is occupied by herself and her son, Joseph P. Stickney. The beautiful engraved view of the house and trees was executed by Mr. Herrick, now of New- York, son of Mr. Israel E. Herrick, formerly of Concord. The noble trees at the Thorndike place, so called, on Main street, by the residences of Charles and George Hutchins and Stephen S. Sweet, are said to have been set out by Timothy Walker, brother of Isaac, grandfather of Abiel Walker, who formerly resided near that spot in a garrison house. A majestic elm, with brawny limbs, thin foliage and defiant aspect, stands nearly opposite the residence of the late Col. Wm. A. Kent, that looks as if it had been in battle with the elements a hun dred winters, but whose age is not certainly known. Other specimens of this superb tree, out of the main village, are equally worthy of note. On Stickney hill stands one, near the road, and close to the resi dence of Capt. John Sherburne, that spreads its cooling shade in summer over a diameter of one hundred . and seventeen feet. Its trunk measures seventeen feet at four feet from the ground. An other elm, distinguished for its height and circumference of over hanging branches, stands close to the road, near the house of Moses H. Farnum, about one mile and a half from the main village, on the Boscawen road. Of elms and other beautiful shade-trees of a more recent period, in the main village, those in front of the house of Samuel A. Kimball, Esq., were set out by Hazen Kimball, brother of Samuel A. About the year 1818, Samuel A. Kimball, Esq., took charge of setting out the rows of elms which adorn the side walk opposite his house. In 1831, being highway surveyor, he set out a row of willows on the south margin of Horse-shoe pond. * This house since purchased and occupied by Or. Bouton. 550 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Charles Walker set out six elms in front of his office and garden, now the residence of Joseph H. Pearson, about the year 1802, and five more a little later, on a line with them, in front of his house, now owned by Cyrus W. Paige. There is a iofty elm in the house- yard of the late James Buswell. The elm trees before the new North Church were set out in 1818, by old soldier John Elliot, who brought them from the West parish by hand, two at a time, on successive days. The premises were then owned by the late Mr. Robert Davis, 2d, and David Davis, then a clerk in his brother's store, paid Elliot twenty-five cents apiece for the trees, and assisted in setting them out. The elms about the old North church, or Biblical Institute, were procured and set out under direction of the late Mr. John D. Abbot, of Brooklyn, N. Y., 6on of Nathaniel Abbot, in the spring of 1832. Mr. Abbot raised a subscription for the purpose, and the trees cost upon an average two dollars apiece. Centre street is ornamented with a beautiful row of maples on each side, now of about twenty years' growth. The maples and elms which shade and beautify the State house yard are the growth of about thirty years. Nearly all of the younger ornamental trees in Concord main village were transplanted, when of small growth, from the adjacent forests, at the order of individuals who wished for them, and were dug up and set out by laborers, at an average price of from half a dollar to two dollars apiece, according to their size. In the summer a portion of the elms at the north end of Main street extend their waving branches till they meet and form an arch over the middle of the highway, far more beautiful and splendid than ever graced the triumph of a Roman conqueror. Of- the forest trees it need only be added that they are of every variety such as is common to the northern parts of New-England.* The abundant growth which formerly covered the plains and hills, and which still forms a marked feature of the town, led the fathers to discuss the question, whether the township was to be valued more for its rich intervals, or for its well wooded uplands. The climate and temperature of Concord are favorable to health and longevity, as the statistical tables will show. In the extreme heat of summer the thermometer occasionally rises to ninety-six and even one hundred degrees, while the mean temperature in June, July ' and August together, is about sixty-three degrees. In the extremest cold of winter — that is, in December, January and Feb ruary — the thermometer occasionally sinks to twenty-five and thirty degrees below zero, but the average for those months is about twenty degrees above. The mean temperature of the year is about forty-two and a half degrees.f Good sleighing commonly lasts from about the * See a list, in the Documentary and Statistical Chapter. t The following table, kept by the late John Farmer, Esq., shows the mean temperature in Concord of each month in 1836 : January 22.5 February, 14.7 March 36.0 April, 38.1 Mean temperature for the year, 42.4, May, 55.5 June, 59.7 July, 67.6 AuguBt 63.5 September, .... 56.5 October, 48.5 November, 37.0 December, 22.7 EIOGRAPHICAL. . 551 middle of December to the last of February. Sometimes it com mences in November and lasts till the middle of March. It has been known to continue till the first of April. The usual time of planting is from the 1st to the 20th of May, but good crops have been raised after the 1st of June. Cattle are turned out to pasture about the 20 th of May. No. 3. BIOGRAPHY. The following brief biographical sketches relate to individuals of every class and condition in life, whose names are either particularly prominent in the annals of the town, or who are remembered as dis tinguished for peculiar characteristics or positions in society. Some things are related of individuals which, perhaps, family friends might prefer should be left out ; but, in such cases, the facts are stated for general instruction and entertainment, and never designed to dis parage the individual. In this difficult part of my work I have been studious to avoid all partiality. The sketches which have been fur nished me are inserted as written, subject only to such correction and abridgement as was judged necessary. The sketches, it will be seen, relate only to persons deceased. Their names are arranged in the chronological order of their death. ' More might have been added, but it must not be inferred from the omission of a particular name that his merits are less appreciated. It should further be noted by the reader, that, for special reasons, it was judged best, in many instances, to give a biographical sketch in other portions of the History; for example, under the head of ministers, lawyers, physicians and graduates ; and, also, in the body of the work, at the time of an individual's death — to all which reference may be had by the index of names. CAPT. EBENEZER EASTMAN. In addition to the many interesting facts respecting Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, which the preceding history furnishes — the part he took in the first settlement of the town — 'the services he rendered, and the offices of trust and honor which he held — it may be stated that, having considerable property, and coming as he did at the earliest period of the settlement, with six sons, the oldest of whom was 15 years of age, and able to work, Capt. Eastman became in a few years the strong man of the town. In 1731 his house and home lot were in better order, and more land under cultivation than any other in the settlement. From his youth he had been inured to hardship and to bold and daring enterprises. When 9 years of age (1698) his father's house and buildings, in Haverhill, were destroyed by Indians. At the age of 19 he joined the regiment of Col. Wainwright in the expe- 552 HISTORY OF CONCORD. dition against Port Royal. In 1711, when the British fleet, under Admiral Sir Hovenden Walker, destined against Canada, arrived in Boston, the land forces that were to accompany the expedition were organized with great dispatch, and Eastman, then about 21 years of age, had command of a company of infantry, which embarked with others in one of the transports. In going up the river St. Lawrence they encountered a violent north-east storm, in which eight or nine of the transports were wrecked and about one thousand men lost.* Jonathan Eastman, Esq., great-grandson of Ebenezer, relates as a tradition derived from his ancestor, " That, as night came on, the orders were that all the transports should follow the admiral's ship, which had a large light hoisted at mast-head for a signal. Capt. Eastman had been somewhat acquainted with tbe navigation of the river, having sailed up and down before. In the night the light of the admiral's ship was not to be seen, and that was at the time when the fleet was doubling a very dangerous and rocky point or cape. When the admiral's ship had fairly doubled the point and got into line, the light appeared in such a position as to draw the lirje of ship ping directly on to that dangerous point. Aware of the danger, Capt. Eastman went to the commander, informed him of the peril, and begged him to alter the course of the vessel ; but, being then under the influence of liquor, this the captain positively refused to do, say ing that 'he would follow his admiral if he went to h — 1.' ' Well,' said Capt. Eastman, ' I have no notion of going there, and if you won't alter the course of the vessel I will.' ' If you do/ replied the captain, 'your head shall be a button for a halter next morning.' Informing his company of their danger, and relying on their support, Capt. Eastman ordered the captain below, and the helmsman to change his course. Thus they escaped the wreck which befel other vessels of the fleet, and by which so many lives were lost. The next morning the humbled captain on his knees acknowledged his de liverer and begged his friendship. On the following day Admiral Walker came on board, and, on seeing Capt. Eastman, abruptly said : ' Capt. Eastman, where were you when the fleet was cast away ?' ' Following my admiral,' replied he. ' Following your admiral !' he exclaimed ; ' you Yankees are a pack of praying devils — you saved yourselves, but sent my men to h — 1.' " " Capt. Eastman, March 4, 1710, married Sarah Peaslee, of Haver hill, daughter of Col. Nathaniel Peaslee, the ancestor of Gen. Charles H. Peaslee. On settling in Penacook his "house-lot" was number nine, second range, on Main street, which was about where the house of Mr. J. H. Pearson now stands. But in the second survey, in 1727, Mr. Eastman had lot number sixteen, containing four and a half acres, on " Mill Brook range," east side of the river, where he finally settled, aud had a garrison around his house. Among many traditionary anecdotes it is related, that soon after settling in Penacook, he made a journey to Haverhill on horse-back, and purchased a barrel of molasses, which he intended by some *See Holmes's Am. Annals, 1711, vol. i. BIOGRAPHICAL. 553 means to convey home with him. He contrived what was called a car, that was formed with two shafts, one end of which was fastened to the horse and the other to the drag on the ground. Lashing the barrel of molasses on his car with ropes, he proceeded on his journey homeward along the path through the wilderness. He got along very well until he came to Soucook river. After crossing, the hill was very steep, and, in ascending, the horse with his drag would stop to rest a few moments. Having nearly reached the top of the hill, on starting, the rigging gave way and down went the barrel full speed, and was dashed in pieces against a tree — the molasses overspreading and sweetening the ground in all directions. The captain, summon ing all the patience ho had at command, exclaimed, " Oh dear ! my wife will comb my head — yes, and harrow it too 1" It was truly a hard case. As an illustration of the force and energy of his character in car rying on his farming operations — In 1729 Capt. Eastman took a lease of the farm laid off to Judge Sewall, containing five hundred acres, with the island, for a period of thirty years. He was to pay, as rent, ten shillings in good bills of credit, or silver money, the first year; twenty shillings the second year, and so to advance ten shillings every year till it should reach fifteen pounds, which sum afterward should be annually paid. As conditions of the lease Capt. Eastman was required and agreed to improve the land, by good cultivation, " to the value of £100 ; to build a timber house and barn, which should be worth another £100 ; to leave on the farm £100 worth of good fences, of stone or timber ;" " to plant five hundred apple trees in a regular manner for an orchard, and, also, to set out one hundred more of fruit trees, as cherry, pear, quince, apple and plum trees."* Capt. Eastman went to Cape Breton twice — the first time, March 1, 1746, in command of a company, and was present at the reduction and surrender of Louisburg, June 16. He returned November 10, 1745. Early the next year he went " again, and returned home July 9, 1746."f At the time of the massacre in Penacook, August 11, 1746, Capt. Eastman and family were in a garrison, on the east side of the river. Subsequently he erected, on or near the spot, a large two story house ; but before the house was finished Mr. Eastman died, (July 28, 1748,) aged 59. DR. EZRA CARTER. Dr. Carter, of whom we have already related many things in our History, was a native of South Hampton, in this State. He studied •"Bostosi, May 14, 1730. Received of Mr. Obadiah Ayre, ten shillings in behalf of Mr. Ebenezer Eastman, lor rani of Pennycook lands. I say received per g. Sewall." See original lease, now in the archives of the N. H. Historical Society, dated May 9, 1729, and signed " Ebenezer Eastman, (seal) ; Abijah Browne, (seal), Jos. Masion, (seal), wit- nesses." The farm was soon after sold to Joseph Gerrish and Henry Rolfe, of .\ewbnry, to whom the annual rent was afterwards paid. t Rev. Mr. Walker's Journal. 554 HISTORY OF CONCORD. medicine with Dr. Ordway, of Salisbury, and came to this town about 1740. In 1742 he married Ruth, only daughter of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, who, at the time of her marriage, was but 13 years of age. According to family tradition their first child was born before she was 14 years old. After marriage Ruth retained her love for childish sports; and, on one occasion, the doctor, on returning home, found his wife playing with other children on the hay-mow. Connected with Capt. Eastman's family, being respectably educated and a good penman, Dr. Carter soon became prominent in town affairs, as well as distinguished as a physician. In March, 1747, he was first chosen town clerk, in place of Benjamin Rolfe, Esq. The same year he was authorized to present a petition to the General Assembly of New- Hampshire for means of defence against the Indians ; and as long as he lived he continued to hold important offices in the town, as mod erator, town clerk and selectman. He held a commission as justice of the peace, and hence sometimes, in the records, he has the title of esquire. When matters of complaint were brought before him by his fellow citizens his first endeavor was to induce an amicable set tlement, offering, if they did so, to give in his fees : thus he ac quired the name of peace-maker. Dr. Carter was of a kind and benevolent temper, of quick wit and pleasantry in conversation, and a general favorite among all classes of people. His practice as a physician extended into neighboring towns. Among the anecdotes related of him are the following: Having occasion to go in haste from Concord to old Salisbury, on Saturday, and to spend the Sabbath, he found it convenient to borrow a pair of boots of his neighbor, Dea. George Abbot. Attending public wor ship next day, he was unexpectedly called on by the clergyman, who knew him, (in the absence of the deacon, whose duty it was,) to give out the lines of the hymn to be sung. At first he said he was " con siderably flustered, and couldn't tell A from B;" but, recovering himself, he read the hymns and led the singing to general satisfac tion. On returning the boots he said, "Dea. Abbot, here are your boots ; but I never will borrow them again, for a minister will smell a deacon's boots all over the meeting-house." On a certain occasion Dr. Carter was called to vist a sick family in Bow. The family were a long time sick. The doctor was their constant attendant ; and, on their recovery, the poor man felt new troubles coming upon him. "How, doctor," said the unhappy man, " am I to pay you for all your kindness, your attention and medicine ? You see here a large family, destitute of every thing save the bare necessaries of life." "I have been faithful to you," replied the doctor, "and am I not entitled to a reward?" "You are, doctor, oh, you are!" said the trembling wife, "but do wait a little; we can't pay you now." "I can inform you, my good friends," said the inex orable physician, "that I am knoicing to your having property enough to satisfy my demauds; and, moreover, that I shall have it before leaving the house." The poor family were thunder-struck; they knew that no friendly feelings subsisted between the proprietors of BIOGRAPHICAL. 555 Rumford and Bow, but had always heard the doctor applauded as a man of benevolence and mercy. They knew not what to do. At this moment, away scampered a flock of kittens across the room, which the doctor seeing, caught one of them and put it in his pocket. "I told you I should have my pay," said the doctor; " I have got it. Good bye, and God bless you !" Many anecdotes of this kind are related of him, and one of the last acts of his life was equally noble. Just before his decease he looked over his accounts, filled out receipts against all poor persons who were indebted to him, with directions that his executors should deliver them to those concerned immediately after his death. This was accordingly done.* . Fond of social entertainments himself, and, according to the cus tom of those times, receiving from the families which he visited all the civilities due to a respected physician, it is more a subject of regret than of wonder that his convivial habits were unfavorable to long life. He died in the meridian of manhood, September 17, 1767, aged 48. On a plain, old-fashioned grave-stone, erected on the brow of the ascent, after you enter the burying-ground, on the south side, his name is engraved — Ezra Carter, Esq. BENJAMIN ROLFE, ESQ. Benjamin Rolfe, whose name appears in the early records of the town more frequently than that of any other person, was a son of Henry Rolfe, Esq., of Newbury, who was one of the original pro prietors of Penacook. Benjamin was born in 1710 ; was graduated at Harvard College, in 1727 ; was chosen " clerk of the proprietors and grantees of Penny Cook," in 1731, and continued in the office till 1770. He was also town clerk of Rumford. In 1737 he was chosen clerk of the commissioners appointed to determine the boun dary line between Massachusetts and New-Hampshire, which met at Hampton. In 1745 he held the commission of colonel in the Prov ince. He was the first one chosen to represent the District of Rum ford in the General Assembly of New-Hampshire ; and, during his life-time, he held every important and responsible office in town in the gift of his fellow citizens to bestow. Though he was not, strictly speaking, a lawyer, yet he acted as an adviser, and discharged the various duties of a magistrate in civil affairs. Intimately associated with the Rev. Timothy Walker in all that concerned the interests of the town during the long controversy with the proprietors of Bow, he enjoyed the full confidence of that reverend gentleman ; and to him, more than to any other man,, except Mr. Walker, is the suc cessful issue of that conflict to be ascribed. Of sound judgment; prudent, upright, capable — minutely acquainted with all the affairs of the town — he ever sought, in the use of all honorable means, to advance its interests. By inheritance, and by his own industry and prudent management, Col. Rolfe acquired a large property in lands. He lived a bachelor until he was about 60 years of age, when he married Sarah, the eldest daughter of Rev. Mr. Walker, whoso age * Moore's Annals. 556 HISTORY OF CONCORD. was 30.* Before his marriage he lived in a one story house, but af terwards built and lived in the house still standing at the " Eleven lots," and known as the " Rolfe place," or the residence of the late Countess of Rumford. There was born, August 4, 1770, their only son and child, Paul Rolfe, who inherited the whole of his father's estates. Col. Rolfe died December 21, 1771, in the 62d year of his age. Sometime in the year 1773 his widow married Benjamin Thompson, afterwards distinguished as Count Rumford. f Mrs. Thompson died January 19, 1792, aged 52 years. No grave-stones mark the spot where either Col. Rolfe or Mrs. Thompson lie buried. Col. Rolfe was accounted the richest man in Concord at the time of his decease. He left no will, but an inventory of his estate was taken in due form April 1, 1772, by Capt. John Chandler and Joseph Hall, Jr. Timothy Walker, Jr., Esq., administered on the estate. From the inventory of his estate, in the office of probate at Exeter, the following minutes were taken : "Real estate, £2352 10 0 Live stock, 40 5 0 ODe negro, 55 0 0 Cash at interest, 1533 0 0 [Et aztera, 101 15 4] Total amount, lawful money, £4082 10 4 " In the latter part of Col. Rolfe's life warm discussions would some times rise in the meetings of the proprietors, between the Colonel and Philip Eastman. A meeting was held in the afternoon of the day on which the Colonel died. . On returning home, Mr. Eastman said to his wife, " Well, Abiah, I have been to a meeting of the proprietors to-day and have not had one word of dispute with Col. Rolfe !" On expressing her gratification, he said, " There was a good reason for it, for he died this morning." REV. TIMOTHY WALKER. More than any other single person, Rev. Mr. Walker is entitled to the appellation of father of the town. After his settlement, in 1730, he first lived in a log-house which stood on the brow of Horse-shoe pond hill, but, in 1733 and 1734, built the two-story gambrel-roof house, J in which he afterwards resided till his death. This house, •No record of the time of this marriage is to be round. f See Biographical Notice of Count Rumford, and of Sarah, his daughter. | THE -WALKER HOUSE. This honse is the oldest two-story dwelling-house between Haverhill, Mass., and Canada. It was erected by Rev. Mr. Walker on the honse lot drawn to tbe first minister, in the year 1733-4, the town having generously voted [see p. 142] him " fifty ponnds for building a dwelling-house in Pennycook." Its dimensions were forty by twenty feet, two stories in height, with an ell adjoining on the east, of one story, both parts being covered by a gambrel-roof. The chimneys were very large, and of stone. One of them, which remained, as originally built, until 1847, was found upon its removal to be about five feet square, and constructed of flat, ledge stones, laid in clay mortar and plastered on the inside with a com position of clay and chopped straw. Only the ell part was entirely finished at first, and contained but three rooms on the first floor. The front part remained in BIOGRAPHICAL. 557 with some modern improvements, overshadowed by the stately elm trees which Mr. Walker set out in 1756, is well represented by the fine engraving which is here subjoined. A few aged people who still remember Mr. Walker, say that he was full middling stature and size; not corpulent, but portly in form, and of dignified manners. His eyes were blue and complexion light. Naturally, his temper was quick, but well restrained and governed. If at any time he was betrayed into hasty expressions or acts, he was prompt to acknowledge the fault, and ask the forgiveness of any one injured. He was exact and precise in all his domestic arrange ments and business transactions, keeping a memoranda for everyday an unfinished state until 1757, when, with the assistance of Lieut. Webster, of Bradford, a joiner of high repute in those days, it was also completed. The wood-work being near to completion, it appears, from a letter dated the 9th of September, 1757, addressed, by Rev. Mr. Walker to his son Timothy, then teaching school at Bradford, Mass., that a grave question arose as to the pro priety " of painting ye ontside." The decision arrived at is not now known, but, either at that time, or a few years subsequent, it was painted a light yellow, which continued to be its uniform color for at least seventy years. The interior was finished in a style similar to that found in the better class of houses of that period. Most of the partitions were of wooden panel work ; the front hall was dadoed with paneling, and the front stairs were in three short flights, conduct ing to broad landings, and guarded by a moulded rail, supported upon curious wrought balusters. The rooms were painted various colors ; the north parlor 558 HISTORY OF CONCORD. in a year, in a little book done up in the form of an almanack. Though not talkative, he was agreeable in social intercourse, and occasionally facetious. According to the custom of the times he wore a large, powdered wig, and a three cornered cocked-hat, short clothes, and shoes with large buckles. He was held in high respect by all his parishioners. After service on the Sabbath, both morning and afternoon, the whole congregation stood until Mr. Walker went out — he respectfully bowing to those on each side as he passed down the broad-aisle. Mr. Walker served the town, as a wise counsellor, in relation to every matter of public interest ; and, in connection with Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., who married his eldest daughter, drew up the first peti tions for help against the Indians, addressed to the government both of Massachusetts and New-Hampshire, and also many of the papers used in the long controversy with the proprietors of Bow. As fully related in the History, he thrice visited England, as agent for the town in that vexatious litigation, and through his judicious and persevering efforts, and his personal influence with his counsel, Mr. Murray — after wards lord chief justice Mansfield — secured forever the rights of the proprietors of Rumford. As a preacher, Mr. Walker was instructive and practical, dwelling more on the duties than on the doctrines of religion. He was calm and moderate in his delivery ; his sermons — of which a considera ble number still exist — were mostly written out in full, on sheets of paper folded in the 18mo. form, and would occupy about thirty minutes. Sometimes we find extracts of considerable length from favorite authors, such as Tillotson,, Foster, Poole and Brackett. His style was good for that period, perspicuous and didactic, with but few illustrations, but well supported with quotations from Scripture. In his theological views Mr. Walker was " Orthodox," according to existing standards. He received the Westminster Assembly's Catechism, which was then also used in the families and schools of the town. In distinction, however, from those preachers who in his day were called "New Lights," he was accused of being an Armi- and south parlor chamber being green, the south parlor blue, the north parlor chamber and the old people's bed-room white, and the kitchen red. Thus con structed and finished, it remained without alteration, with the exception of an enlargement of the ell, until 1848, when it was modified in some particulars, and thoroughly repaired by its present proprietor. In 1739 it was appointed a gar rison house, and fortified, "at the town's cost," by the erection about it of a wall of timbers lying in contact one upon another, and held in position by tenon-ends let into grooved posts set into the ground. [See pp. 153-4.] Eight families besides Mr. Walker's were assigned to it, and occupied it more or less of the time until the close of the second French war. When, in 1782, the Legislature met in Concord for the first time, and held its sessions in the hall over Judge Walker's store, which was near by, the President of the State, with his Council, occupied the north parlor of this house, while the south parlor served as a general committee room, and the room above it as the office of the Treasurer of State. It was the residence of Rev. Mr. Walker until his death ; and his son, the late Judge Walker, lived in it during almost the entire period of his life. It is now owned and occupied by Joseph B. Walker, Esq., a great grandson of Rev. Mr. Walker. BIOGRAPHICAL. 559 nian, but called himself a " moderate Calvinist." He was highly conservative, as it regarded innovations and new measures. Hence, in the period of the great Reformation, under the preaching of Rev. George Whitefield and others, Mr. Walker was among those ministers who did not favor the excitement which was generally awakened. In January, 1743, he preached and published a sermon to his people, entitled, " The way to try all pretended Apostles" from the text Rev. 2:2. In this sermon he dwelt at length on the evils produced by itinerant preachers ; especially the divisions which they caused in established churches and societies. Hence he warned his people not to go after them, or hear them preach. " Nothing," he says, " I am well satisfied, has so much contributed to the evils that do so cloud the present day, and look with such a direful aspect upon us, as the indulging an unmortified itch after novelties, and having the persons of strangers, whom we know nothing of, in admiration, and setting them up above the place of instruments. If, therefore, you would not become accessory to the guilt of those who are endeavoring the subversion of our religious Constitution, keep out of the way of temptation as much as may be ; ponder well the first step that leads to a compliance with these errors." At this time all of Mr. Walker's hearers were of one way of thinking in religious matters ; and his object was to keep them together, and make them steadfast in the " religion and church order which was very dear to our forefathers." Conscious of the power he had over his people, he not only charged them not to go after or to hear these pretended Apostles preach, " but," said he, " if any of you think yourselves unable to manage a controversy with them, invite them to accompany you to my house, aud I will gladly under take this, or any other service I am capable of, for the benefit of your souls." Iu 1771 Mr. Walker felt himself called on to give his people another warning against innovations, and what he counted disturbers of the peace and order of the churches. A Baptist elder, Hezekiah Smith, of Haverhill, had preached in the vicinity, and awakened much interest in his peculiar views. To counteract this influence, Mr. Walker preached a discourse, May 12, 1771, entitled, " Those who have the form of Godliness, but deny the power thereof, described and cautioned against." The text was 2 Tim. 3 : 5. The sermon was " published at the desire of many of the hearers." It is dedi cated " to the church and congregation under the author's pastoral care, having been composed and delivered solely for your benefit, without the most distant view of its farther publication, is now respect fully inscribed by him who esteems it his highest honor and greatest happiness to serve your best interest. Timothy Walker."* During his ministry of fifty-two years there is no regular record of church proceedings after 1736; but in his memoranda there are entries made of those who owned the covenant, were admitted to * See Rev. Mr. Bouton's Centennial Discourses, pp. 39 and 73. 560 HISTORY OF CONCORD. communion, baptized, married and died, together with notices of private affairs, the weather, journeys, &c* From the memoranda kept by Mr. Walker it appears that he did not confine his labors to his own people, but performed what maybe called missionary labors in destitute places. In 1766 he visited the Pigwacket country, which included Conway and Fryeburg, which towns were originally settled in part from Concord, about the years 1764 and 1765 ; there he preached and baptized their children. During his long ministry Mr. Walker enjoyed remarkable health. Tradition says that he was able to preach every Sabbath, except the one previous to his death. Probably this is not quite correct; for in the warrant for a town-meeting, March 3, 1778, four years before his death, we find the following article : "To see if the parish will vote to hire preaching, if the Rev. Mr. Walker remains unable." The article was not acted on, and Mr. Walker resumed and continued to perform the duties of his office till near his death. A short time (two or tbree weeks) before this occurred, he set out to attend a funeral of a Mrs. Simonds, in the south part of the town, at what was called the Iron Works, but on his way, as was supposed, he became bewildered, or had a slight paralytic shock. It seems that, * The following are a few specimens : 1749. May 7. Abigail, second wife of Jacob Shute, ad. full com. She was Widow Evans, mother of Jno, July 2. Sampson Colby and wife ad. full com. Augu*t 29. Bot chair. October 10. Preached to Convention at Dover. January 7, 1749. Ben. Eastman and family moved up here. March, 1749. Fd. Sam. Little for making clock-case. 1748. October 27. Mr. W. attended ye funeral of his aged mother-in-law. 1750. April 8. Ben. Eastman and wife admitted into ye church. June 24. Sarah Abbot ad. to full com. October 7. Received Jonathan Straw and wife into our church. 1757. January 27. Richard Herbert married to Hannah Hall. October 16. Both owned ye covenant. November 20. Jona. bap. 1766. Sunday, 28tA September. Preached at Mr. Swan's, in Pigwacket. Arr'd 25 ; lodg'd at Capt. W.'s. Monday, 29. Visited and lodged at Mr. Moses Day's. Bap. Judith, his daughter. October 5. Preach'd at Pigwacket. Bap. Susanna, daught. of Holt ; Barnard, son of Timothy Walker, jun., [not Judge Timothy Walker ;] Susanna, daught. of Sam. Osgood} Ann, daughter of Leonard Harriman ; Robert, son of David Page; William, son of Jno. Evans ; Sarah, daught, of David Evans; Wm., son of Wm. Eaton; Moses, son of Jas. Osgood; Wm., son of Ben. Osgood. 11 bap. at Pigwacket. In his memorandum of 1780 — the last one entire which can be found — are the following interesting notices : January 7. Philip [Abbot, his hired man,] went with a team to Portsmouth. January 15. Teams that had been detained below a fortnight by the deep or drifted snow, arrived. January 23. Preached all day — very cold — the coldest Sunday yt has been for years. March 12. Preached. Read ye letter from Pembroke ebb. to assist in ordaining Mr. Colby. The church chose Col. Thomas Stickney and Tim'y Walker, jun., Esq., delegates. April 17. Nathaniel Eastman's house was burnt. April 26. A Continental Fast. Preached. May 19. A remarkable dark day, although the clouds appeared thin. 10. Heard that ye French fleet had got possession of Halifax. N. B. Agreed with rider for half a year's newspaper, beginning ye 38th of June and to end ye 21st of er. A u rust 8. Finished winter-rye harvest — bad about 47 shocks. October 30. The town was assembled to raise men to resist the enemy at Cowas [Cob's?] October 21. Finished making cyder — having made thirteen barrels of cyder, and upwards of five barrels water-cyder. October 27. A remarkable eclipse of the sun. November 28. The post arrived — brought the good news of the arrival of ye French fleet off Georgia. December 9. A Continental annual Thanksgiving. June 30. ve post-ri- December BIOGRAPHICAL. 561 in fording a stream, he dismounted from his horse, and, taking the bridle in his hand, attempted to lead him, while he walked on logs laid across it ; but the horse refused to go, and got away. Failing to attend the funeral, his absence created alarm, and word was sent to his family. Immediately his son Timothy, with others, went in search, and found Mr. Walker lying on the ground, his clothes wet, and he much exhausted. They helped him mount his horse, but he rode home with difficulty. The next Sabbath he was prevailed on by his family not to preach. About two weeks after this, on Saturday after noon, he visited his aged relative, Mr. Isaac Walker, who had long been sick, and who lived in a house near where Abiei, his grandson, now lives, and conversed and prayed with him. On leaving, Mr. Walker bade his aged friend farewell, saying, " I do not expect to see you again." For convenience, in his old age, Rev. Mr. Walker slept in the north front room of his house, and his hired man, Philip Abbot, was near by, to assist him whenever necessary. On Sabbath morning, September 1, he woke early and said, " Come, Mr. Abbot, build a fire, for I am tired of lying." A fire being made, Mr. W. rose, partly dressed himself, and with his loose gown of green baize on, sat down in his armed chair, as usual, before the fire to tie his shoes and complete his dress. Abbot perceived that he slipped forward in his chair, and quickly going to him, he found him nearly helpless. He was laid back on his bed, the family called, and a physician sent for, but in a very short time Mr. Walker expired. The people from the West Parish were on their way to meeting before they heard of his death. It was so sudden and unexpected that they could hardly credit the report ; but supposed it must be Mr. Isaac Walker, who had long been sick, and who also died the same day. , Gathering, however, at the meeting-house, the report of their aged minister's death was confirmed, and the day was to them all a day of sadness.* On the plain slate slab which stands at the head of his grave in the old burying-ground, is the following inscription : THIS STONE, Erected by the Town of Concord, in memoet or THE REV. TIMOTHY WALKER, Late Pastor of the Church in said Town, WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE Sept. 1, A. D. 1782, In the 78 year of his age, And 52 of his ministry. ANECDOTES OF REV. MR. WALKER. Tradition has handed down a number of anecdotes of Rev. Mr. Walker, of which the following may be worthy of a place in our history. * See funeral services, ta., p. 284. 36 562 HISTORY OF CONCORD. In time of peace Indians frequently called at his house, where they were hospitably entertained. On one occasion a number of the warriors, with their guns, encamped near his house. Mr. Walker being absent, his wife was under great apprehensions of injury. The Indians, perceiving this, said, " minister's wife afraid." Upon this one of them delivered her all the guns, and said they would call for them the next day. This they did, and treated her with great civil ity.* One Sabbath afternoon Mr. W. preached from the text : Ecclesi- astes 5 : 4, 5, " When thou vowest a vow unto God, defer not to pay it," &c. In the discourse he showed that all the vows which we make should be paid. An Indian was present, and listened very attentively. After meeting, the Indian came to him and said, " I vow I will go home with you." "Very well," said Mr. W., "you may go home with me." " I vow," says the Indian, " I will have some supper." "Yes," was the reply, "you may have some supper." "I vow," says the Indian, again, " I will stay all night." By this time Mr. W. saw the joke, and instantly replied, "I vow you shall go away in the morning." Mr. W.'s dignified deportment and manners were such as to com mand universal respect. The noted Ephraim Colby, who worked much for him, used to say, that " Parson Walker was the only man the Almighty ever made that he was afraid of." Going out to work one day with his hired man, John Evans, with a team and cart, they had to pass a very wet and muddy place. In passing it, John sat on the cart tongue, or neap, while Mr. W. was in the cart. When about mid-way of the muddy place, John slyly pulled out the pin which held the cart down, and dropped it, to make Mr. W. think it worked out accidentally ; up went the cart, and out went-Mr. Walker into the mud and water. He got up, and said, " John, this is a bad accident, but drive on, and I'll go back." A few days after, Mr. Walker having been absent from home, he went late in the afternoon into the field where John was at work. When it was time to go home, Mr. W. told John that he would drive the team, and accordingly took his seat on the cart tongue, while John was in the cart. At about the middle and deepest part of the muddy place, Mr. Walker pulled out the pin, and down went John into the mud and water, and was thoroughly soused. When he got up, Mr. W., holding up the pin, says to him, " John ! John ! here is the pin : " Idid'nt throw it away !" A hearty laugh ended the joke.f Mr. Walker was a patriot. Having encouraged his parishioners to join Gen. Stark's regiment, to oppose Burgoyne, he waited the issue with great solicitude. When the late Capt. Jonathan Eastman returned from Bennington, bringing intelligence of the victory, Mr. Walker came running out to meet him, eagerly inquiring, " What news, friend Eastman, what news ?" The captain related the joyful * Moore's Annals. t A confused tradition relates this story of Mr. Walker's negro, Prince, but it belongs to Jobn Evans, as Mr. Timothy Walker affirms. BIOGRAPHICAL. 563 tidings, and the old patriot exclaimed, " Blessed be God ! the coun try is saved — I can now die in peace I" Having one day hired a number of men to mow for him, they came, but seemed to hesitate on account of appearances of unfavora ble weather. However, Mr. Walker directed them to go on to the island and begin their work. Perceiving from the hill that they still hesitated and were looking about, he went over to them and in quired, " What is the matter ? " They said they were observing the clouds. " Clouds, clouds," said Mr. Walker, " what have you to do with the clouds ? I hired you to cut my grass — He who made the clouds will take care of them ! " As a specimen of his prudence and good sense, it is related that the Rev. Elijah Fletcher, of Hopkinton, once requested an exchange with him on the Sabbath, and that he would preach upon the subject of witchcraft, which at that time was making trouble among some of Mr. F.'s parishioners. Mr. W. accordingly prepared a sermon for the occasion, and preached. He told the people " that the most they had to fear from witches was from talking about them, ; that if they would cease to talk about them, and let them alone, they would soon disappear !" The hint had its desired effect. A ludicrous story used to be told by the late Col. John Carter. Before the meeting-house was finished there was, opposite to the pul pit, an elevated seat for the singers, where boys also sometimes took a seat. Dogs in those days attended meeting, but to keep them in due order was the business of " the dog-whipper." A huge dog had planted his fore paws on the top of the singers' seat, near where young John Carter was sitting, and thus stood looking over on the congregation. In the absence of the dog-whipper, John undertook to administer discipline. Looking carefully about, and supposing that no one saw him, he quickly seized the dog by the hind legs and threw him over, much to the astonishment and disturbance of the congregation. Nothing was said at the time, but soon after Parson W. called at the house of old Mr. Carter, and after conversing freely for some time with the father — John being present — turned to the latter and said in a low tone of voice, "John, Idid'nt blame you at all for pitching that dog over the seat, a few Sabbatlis ago !" Mr. Walker left a will, dated August iO, 1782, by which he made the following distribution of his property to his children : To Mrs. Sarah Thompson, [wife of Count Rumford,] .... £10 To Sarah Thompson, his granddaughter, to be paid at her marriage, or at the age of eighteen, 14° 6 b £150 To Mrs. Mary Goss, [wife of Dr. Eben'r Flanders Goss,] 150 To Mrs. Judith Rolfe, [wife of Nathaniel Rolfe,] 150 (Both to be paid in one year after his decease.) All the real and personal estate remaining, to his son, Timothy Walker, who was appointed executor of the will. JOHN STEVENS. John Stevens, or, as he was usually called. " Merchant Stevens," came to Concord from Charlestown, Mass., and first went into trade 564 HISTORY OF CONCORD. with Col. Andrew McMillan. When he brought his wife into town he rode about the village with her, and said, "Select the house or spot which you like best and I will buy it." She pointed out the house built by Stephen Farrington — David G. Fuller's — as the handsomest in Concord. Stevens bought it, with the adjacent field. He traded in the store on the corner of Pleasant street, build ing an addition to it, and fitting up the upper story as a hall for the House of Representatives, which met there several times in after years. Being suspected of toryism he was arrested, as related, in 1777,* and cast into Exeter jail. There he refused to take the oath of allegiance to his country, because, he said, he was as good a friend to his country as any, and felt that he had been insulted and abused. He accused Capt. Benjamin Emery of setting a trap for him, by calling on him in the night and persuading him to sell tea and pewter plate — which were interdicted articles — on pretence that he wanted them for one of his daughters who was about to be married. The Legislature ordered his discharge from jail, but required him to keep within the limits of Concord for one year. He did so. The next Legislature gave him a full discharge, and, as a sort of compensation for what he had suffered, conferred on him a commission of justice of the peace. Stevens bore a bitter revenge towards Capt. Emery, and challenged him to fight. Stevens was small and slender, but quick and full of nerve. Emery was heavy and clumsy. They agreed to meet at Mother Osgood's tavern. Stevens, dressed in light clothes and coat off, was on the spot aforehand. As soon as Capt. Emery entered the front yard Stevens sprung upon him with such violence as to knock him over, and then leaped on him ; but, being much stronger, Emery soon got him under. The bystanders then interposed and ended the fight. Stevens never forgave the town for accusing and confining him as a tory. Some time before he died he said to his wife — " Wife, I am a justice of the peace, and I wish you to make oath, before me, that when I am dead you will see that I am buried between those two apple-trees in the garden — pointing them out — that no citizen of Concord shall follow me to the grave ; — no minister be present ; — that you will pay one crown apiece to the four men who bear out my body and bury it." His wife demurred from taking the oath, but promised to do as he wished. He was buried accordingly. His bearers were Zenas Wheeler, Job Page, Daniel Page, and . Mr. William Manley, who was an Englishman by birth, and who was a trader in town, and one other foreigner, it is said, followed his corpse to the grave.-)- Several years afterwards, when the house owned by Col. Wm. Kent, (since by Col. Paul Wentworth,) was moved on to the spot where it stands, in digging a vault for a privy the bones of Stevens were dug up, put in a box and reinterred in the back part of the same lot, where they remain unknown to this day. * See pages 372-3. f Tradition by Benj. Gale. BIOGRAPHICAL. 565 The following notice of his death appeared in the " Mirror," De cember 25, 1792 : FROM A CORRESPONDENT. Died, on Tuesday morning, the 25th instant, after a short sickness, John Ste vens, Esq., of this town, in the 45th year of his age He was a gentleman of good education, and possessed a general knowledge of manners and mankind ; the first he obtained by a liberal education at the University of Cambridge ; the last, by leisure observations ; which, as he lived in affluent circumstances, he had uncommon opportunities to make, both in Europe and America. We tender the tear of sympathy to a distressed wife and family, the one, by this unfortunate stroke of Providence, bereaved of an endearing consort ; the other, of an affectionate father. He was a firm and faithful friend. By his particular desire he was interred on his own land, by four men, whom he appointed himself while living, and ordered them a generous reward for their service. These four men -were the only persons present at the interment. JACOB SHUTE. Jacob Shute was the ancestor of the Shute family in Concord. There is a tradition in the family that his father was a French Protestant, or Huguenot, who formerly resided in Paris ; but, on revocation of the edict of Nantz, fled to Ireland to escape persecution. Jacob was born about 1702, and was apprenticed by his father to a stocking-weaver in Dublin. Disliking the trade, at about the age of seventeen he left, in company with one Dawen, and took secret passage in the hold of a ship for this country. They remained concealed until driven out by hunger. Arriving at Newburyport the captain demanded pay for their passage, but as they had nothing it was necessary to sell them selves — that is, their service — for a time, in order to meet the de mand. They were both bought by Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, of Ha verhill, and served him till twenty-one years of age. Before he bought them, Eastman asked Dawen "if he would be a good boy and work well, provided he would pay his passage ?" Dawen said, " Yes ; the Lord bless him !" He then asked Shute ; he said, " No — he wouldn't do any thing." On trial, however, Shute proved an indus trious, faithful hand, while Dawen was indolent and deceitful.* Shute, as more fully related in another place, drove Eastman's team from Haverhill to Penacock, in the fall of 1727 ; the first that ever came into town. Here Mr. Shute settled. He married Sarah, George, of Haverhill, who had a daughter Sarah, born there, and John and Elizabeth, born in Penacook. His wife Sarah died in January, 1745, and, as appears from Rev. Mr. Walker's journal, was buried January 16. May 7, 1749, Mr. Walker says : " Abigail, second wife of Jacob Shute, admitted to full communion. She was widow Evans, mother of John." By his second wife he had two daughters, both of whom died young. Mr. Shute died February 16, 1794, aged 94 years. COL. ANDREW MCMILLAN. Col. Andrew McMillan, whose name often occurs in the town records previous to 1775, was an intelligent, enterprising business * Dawen settled in Pembroke, and Uved and died there. 566 HISTORY OF CONCORD. man, and a worthy citizen. He came to this country from Ireland, about the year 1754 ; received a lieutenant's commission, dated Lake George, June 26, 1758, from Gen. James Abercromby, " in the inde pendent company of rangers," of which Jonathan Burbank was captain, and is said to have been with Rogers in the expedition against St. Francois, in 1759. He married Hannah Osgood, of Rum ford, daughter of the widow James Osgood, November 12, 1761. The same year he commenced trade in the store that now stands on the north-east corner of Main and Pleasant streets, which was then a small one-story shop, standing as it now does, partly on the street. Here he continued to trade for several years ; one year in partnership with Timothy Walker, Jun., and afterwards with John Stevens, who added a second etory to it. In 1767 or 1768 he and Gen. Stark received each a grant of land from the Provincial Gov ernment, in consideration of their services in the old French war, located in the town of Conway and vicinity. In August, 1774, he removed to Conway, to take possession of his extensive landed prop erty, where two of his wife's brothers-)" a few years before had pre ceded him. Here, in the cultivation of one of the most valuable farms on Saco river, (where his only remaining son, Gilbert McMillan, Esq., now resides,) he passed the remainder of his life, — repeatedly representing the town in the State Legislature, and faithfully dis charging his duty as a citizen and a magistrate. He died November 6, 1800, aged 70 years. His wife died in 1827, aged 84* "MOTHER OSGOOD." In this connection we must pay a compliment to our worthy host ess, the widow Hannah Osgood, relict of Mr. James Osgood, as one of the distinguished personages of the times. Mr. Osgood's house, * FLORENCE McCiULLT. Florence was a colored free man, a soldier in Capt. Joshua Abbot's company ; and as he had a strong attachment to Col. McMillan, it is but just in this connection to give him the meed of praise which is his due. When he came to Concord, or from whence, is unknown. He probably lived with Col. McMillan Borne time before he joined the army. He could not write; but just' before he left Concord for tbe Continental service, be made a will indue form, and, in case of bis decease, gave " a suit of clothes" to tbe Colonel, as a token of grat itude for past favors. Florence survived his Continental campaign, and for many years was a faithful servant in Col. McMillan's family, where bis devotion to its interests was in striking contrast with tbe less praiseworthy habits of the " boy CfBsar" — before mentioned as Col. McMillan's slave, {pp. 249-51,) — producing a state of feeling between them not always tbe most friendly. The fol lowing anecdote is characteristic both of tbe cunning trickery of tbe one, and bonest sim plicity of the other. " Old Florence," as he was called, was very proud of his skill as a marksman — tbat be pretended to have acquired from Gen. Stark himself. The Colonel had a valuable bay colt that be was rearing with great care. Cesar, in passing tbe stable at twilight, saw ihrough the open window this colt, in a position in which his tail only was distinctly visible. He told Florence to run for his gun, as " there was something in the stable that looked like a fox." The report of Florence's gun that Boon followed, convinced Cssar tbat he bad carried the joke too far — that his master's favorite horse was probably killed. The Colonel was absent, and would not return for several days. Tbe result of the confer- ence between the parlies in the stable was, that as the colt appeared to be mortally wounded, the only safety for Florence was In night, and that Csesar, the innocent party, should remain and make the necessary explanation to the family and the Colonel on his return, which he did so successfully as to throw, of course, all the blame on Florence. But such was Flor ence's attachment to the family that he could not stay away, and in a few weeks returned, when Csasar, fearing the effect of Florence's account of the affair, thought it most prudent for him now to decamp, and he never after was known as heretofore, a constant inmate of tbe family, but wandered wherever he could get employ. t James and Benjamin Osgood, of Concord. BIOGRAPHICAL. 567 when he kept tavern, in 1746, stood on the spot where Dea. Hosea Fessenden's house now stands,* (the remains of the old cellar being still visible.) Here the widow kept tavern a while after her hus band's death. She afterwards built the house immediately north of Dea. Fessenden's, known as the old "Wiggin house," and but recently standing as a relic of olden times. There she kept tavern for "several years. At a later period she occupied as a tavern, a house that stood where the " Merchants' Exchange " is erected, and which was the scene of much good cheer in those days of " punch" and " flip." The widow was highly respected in her vocation. She kept a good table, and maintained order in her house. Hearty in the American cause, she rejoiced in the victory of our arms. When the news of the capture of Gen. Burgoyne reached town, she partook so largely of the general joy, as to join in the shouts of her fellow- citizens, "Hurrah!" "Hurrah!" When very earnest in giving orders to persons in her employ, she would emphatically repeat, "Lord, help you!" " Lord, help you ! "f HEV. ISRAEL EVANS. Mr. Evans was a native of Pennsylvania, and a graduate of Prince ton College, New-Jersey, in 1772. His father and grandfather were settled ministers in this country, and his great-grandfather was a minister in Wales.. He was ordained at Philadelphia, in 1776, as a chaplain in the United States army. From 1777 till the close of the war he was chaplain to the New-Hampshire brigade, at first under the command of Gen. Enoch Poor. His connection with this brigade was the means of his introduction to this place. The Rev. Joseph Eckley, of Boston, who preached the sermon at the installation of Mr. Evans, and who was his classmate in college, thus spoke of him to the people : " In consequence of the long acquaintance I have had with your pastor elect, I have the pleasure to congratulate you that we this day settle a gentleman with you who, added to the natural gifts and improvements of his mind, has afforded every reasonable evidence of his being a sincere friend of our common Lord." As Mr. Evans was stationed at different posts with the army during the war, he became acquainted with the principal officers, and was known to most of the soldiers. Several sermons which he preached and pub lished while in the army, were distinguished for their patriotic spirit, and acquired for him an honorable reputation through the country. Of these, one was addressed "To the officers and soldiers of the Western army, after their return from an expedition against the five nations of hostile Indians." Another was " delivered near York, in Virginia, on the memorable occasion of the surrender of the British army to the allied forces of America and France," and was dedicated " To the honorable Major General, the Marquis de la Fayette, whose disinterested services in the cause of America prove him to be the friend of mankind, and whose well known amiable, virtues render all *This bouse waa burnt in August, 1854. f Tradition, by Mr. Benjamin Gale. 568 HISTORY OF CONCORD. panegyric needless." Another was delivered in New- York, Decem ber 11, 1783, on the day set apart by Congress "as a day of public thanksgiving for the blessings of independence, liberty and peace." He also delivered an oration on the occasion of the death of Gen. Poor, in September, 1780. In 1791 he preached the Election ser mon, which was printed. These performances were at the time emi nently popular. They were written in a flowing, redundant, martial style, full of patriotic ardor, and suited to the state of public opinion.* With the feelings and habits acquired in a seven years' service in the United States army, Mr. Evans entered upon the duties of a pastor among this quiet, industrious and unostentatious people. His manners were a perfect contrast to those of his predecessor. His sen timents and style of preaching were also different. After continuing his labors about eight years, Mr. Evans announced his " intention of resigning to the town their pulpit, and of finishing the work of the ministry in this place on the 1st of July," 1797. The proposal was accepted. An ecclesiastical council was called by Mr. Evans and the church, to dissolve the pastoral connection, " if it should be thought expedient." The council, " after solemn prayer for direction and assistance," dissolved the pastoral connection between Mr. Evans and the church ; and, " as no charges had been exhibited against his min isterial or Christian character, they recommended him to the churches and to the work of the ministry, wherever God in his providence might open a door." Mr. Evans bought of Stephen Kimball the house where Hon. Samuel Morril now lives, in which he resided till his death, March 9, 1807, in tho 60th year of his age. Mr. Evans was a gentleman of fine personal appearance, of dignified and martial manners. On all public occasions he wore his tri-cornered hat. Was fond of a good horse, good music, and good living. Out of the pulpit he was less serious and devout than is usually expected of ministers, but a ready, fluent and earnest preacher."}- An excellent portrait of him is still preserved. When Gen. LaFayette visited Concord, in 1825, he was shown this portrait, and, on seeing it, immediately ex claimed — " It is our worthy chaplain." Mr. Evans married Miss Huldah Kent, sister of the late Col. Wm. A. Kent, of Charlestown, Mass., who survived him many years. After his death she purchased the Farrington house, still standing nearly opposite her brother's, where she lived with her venerable mother, Mrs. Mary Kent, who died December 5, 1827, aged 90 years. She afterwards built the house on the corner of State and Pleasant streets, now occupied by Col. Wm. Kent. In the latter years of her life she drew a pension from the government, by virtue of her hus- * These discourses, bound together, were carefully preserved by Mrs. Evans during her lifetime. See specimens of them in the author's Centennial Discourses, 1830, pp. 82-83. t Tradition affirms that his preaching was sometimes attended with violent action, bo as " to make the dust fly from the old pulpit cushion ;" and there was, moreover, a suspicion that he was more spirited than spiritual. Old Lieut. Richard Herbert, in his characteristic way, would sometimes say, after meeting—" I wonder what Parson Evans eat for his dinner !" BIOGRAPHICAL. 569 band's office as chaplain, and lived retired and cheerful, in elegant simplicity, highly esteemed by all who knew her. She died October 19, 1846, aged 84. Madam Evans used to relate that, after their marriage, she rode in a chaise, with her husband, to visit her friends in Charlestown, Mass., it requiring then two days to make the journey. On returning they were belated, so that in approaching Concord, on the Bow road, by what is now called Rogers's Mills, it was so dark that. Mr. Evans could not see his horse. She got out of the chaise, threw a white handkerchief over her bonnet, and thus walked in the road before the horse j to enable him to see where to drive. They had no chil dren. By his .will, after giving legacies, amounting to about two hundred dollars, to a sister in Philadelphia, her daughter and grandchildren, and making suitable provision for his widow, he gave the balance of his property " to the trustees of Dartmouth College, for the support of a Professor at said College, to be called and known in his office as the Evans Professor of Oratory and the Belles Letters."* It is related of Mr. Evans that on one occasion, just before the army was going into battle, he prayed — "0, Lord of hosts, lead forth thy servants of the American army to battle, and give them the victory ! or, if this be not according to thy sovereign will, then we pray thee — stand neutral, and let flesh and blood decide the issue !" He retained his military spirit even in death. In his last sickness his successor, Rev. Mr. McFarland, visited, and in praying with him, asked, " that when he should be called from this to the eternal world he might sit down with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, in the king dom of heaven." Mr. Evans, who was a great friend and ardent admirer of Washington, said, " and with Washington, too !" He could not bear the thought of being separated from Washington in the eternal world. EPHRAIM COLBY. The name of Ephraim, or, as commonly called, Eph Colby, is noted in traditionary history as a wrestler and fighter. His parentage is not exactly known. He appears to have been an ensign in Capt. Abbot's company, 1774, in the war of the Revolution, and spent most of his days in Concord. He was rather short, but a stout, broad-shouldered fellow, and was the "bully" of all the region, far and near. He served some time in town as a constable. He was sure to be present at all public gatherings, and gloried in such occa sions as raisings and military musters. When a large building was to be raised it was customary to send an invitation to the strong and stout men of neighboring towns ; — such as the Heads and Knoxes of Pembroke, the Chamberlains of Loudon, Lyfords and Clougbs of Canterbury, and Jackmans and Flanders of Boscawen. When the raising was completed they had a wrestling match ; and after all * See copy of Will, on file in library of N. H. Historical Society. 570 HISTORY OP CONCORD. others who chose had entered the lists, and tried their strength, then Colby would step forward and defy them all. Being all well stimu lated and warmed up with rum, that was free as water at such times, it was not uncommon to end the wrestling sport with a serious fight. Colby at such times was insolent and provoking. No one liked to engage him alone, and yet they could not well brook his insults. At the raising of Major Livermore's house, 1785, Colby got into a quar rel with the Elliots, from the Borough — Joseph and his two sons, Barnard and John. The two latter attacked him together. John sprung upon him like a cat, clasping him round the waist, while Barnard seized him behind. In the wrestle they all fell together, when John Elliot bit Colby's nose half off. Pained and infuriated by the bite on his nose, Colby rose, shook John off and dashed him on the ground ; then, seizing Barnard by his neck and bottom of his pants, tossed him head first into West's brook ; and turning, kicked the old man off the ground. This fight is well remembered by Ben jamin Gale and Richard Herbert, and was related as above by the late Isaac Shute. At another time Colby had a fight in Pembroke with one of the Heads — a powerful man, yet not equal to the former in muscular strength. Enduring Colby's insolence for some time, Head's friends at last persuaded him to show resentment. Picking up a good sized stone, that he could cover with his hand, Head watched his chance, and struck Colby such a tremendous blow on the face as to fracture his jaw-bone. This laid him up for about six weeks, and pretty nearly cured Colby of his fighting propensities. Colby worked a number of years for the Walker family. He said that " Parson Walker was the only man the Almighty ever made that he was afraid of." He was employed to set out many of the older growth of elm trees that are now the ornament of our Main village. Marrying late in life, he moved to Rumford, Me., where, living unhappily with his family, he became poor, and received assist ance in his last days from the late Capt. Joseph Walker. The time of his death is unknown. SIR BENJAMIN THOMPSON, OR COUNT RUMFORD. Mr. Thompson's connection with Concord, and the circumstances in which he left it, have already been related.* His subsequent fortunes are the most remarkable that ever attended any person whose name is recorded in our history. Driven by unreasonable suspicions from his home, his wife and infant child; forsaking his native country for a foreign service, he became the associate of princes, the honored favorite of kings, and the commander of armies. As the promoter and founder of public institutions of learning and benefi cence, his genius shone resplendent among the literati and philoso phers of Europe. His name, invested with the honors which royalty * See pp. 2G3-4. For the beautiful view of the place where he was born, in Woburn. Mass., and the portrait of his daughter, Sarah, the Countess of Rumford, I am indebted to the gen erosity of James F. Baldwin, Esq., of Boston. '< •-?,#- ¦ 6+o.JZwn/oT-aZ Bat&vnn. &el. July f&30 . EASTERLY VIEW OF THE HOUSE IN WHICH COUNT RUMFORD WAS BORN, IN WOBURN, MASS. MARCH 26™ 175 3 . BIOGRAPHICAL. 571 alone can confer, is transmitted to posterity as that of the " Friend of mankind." The events in the life of Count Rumford, after he left Concord, are so numerous as not to admit of recital, in detail, in the brief space allotted to this notice.* Suffice it to say, that in January, 1776, he was entrusted by Gen. Gage with dispatches to Lord Ger- maine, in England, then Secretary of State for the department of the colonies. In 1780 he was appointed under secretary in that de partment. Towards the close of the Revolutionary War he obtained the commission of lieutenant-colonel, and was sent to New- York in command of a regiment. In 1784 the King conferred on him the honor of knighthood. Subsequently he went to Germany, and at Strasbourg was introduced to Prince Maximilian, and then to His Serene Highness the Elector Palatine, reigning duke of Bavaria. From the Elector he received all the honors that could be conferred, and, among others, that of Count "of the lwly Roman Empire," to which Mr. Thompson added the title, Rumford, in remembrance of his former residence. Under the patronage of the Elector, Charles Theodore, he introduced great improvements in the condition and discipline of the army. At Munich, in 1790, he suppressed the system of mendicity which widely prevailed, and provided houses of public industry, in which beggars were supported and required to labor. Two thousand and six hundred of this class were put in in a single week, and the industrial establishment for them, which at first was supported by voluntary contributions, came to yield to the State a net income of one hundred thousand florins.f In grateful remem brance of his services and benefactions, a monument is erected in Munich to his honor. Inscribed beneath his bust is the following : " To him Who rooted out the greatest of public evils, Idleness and Mendicity; Relieved and instructed the Poor, And founded many institutions for the education of our Youth. Go, wanderer, And strive to equal him In Genius and Activity; and us, In Gratitude." On the other front is inscribed — " Stay, Wanderer ! At the creative fiat of Charle9 Theodore, Rumford, the Friend of Mankind, By Genius, Taste and Love inspired, Changed this once desert place Into what thou now bcholdest." * See memoir by Jared Sparks ; Moore's Annals of Concord, and an eulogy by Cuvier, 1814, in the Boston Weekly Messenger, vol. v. f Cuvier's Eulogy. 572 HISTORY OF CONCORD. He became almost the object of idolatrous regard by the poor. At one time, when dangerously ill, they formed processions, and went to the church to pray for his recovery. When sick at Naples they de voted an hour each evening to join in supplications for his restoration to health. About 1794* he sent to this country for his daughter, who met him in England, accompanied him to Munich, and for several years afterwards shared his fortunes. For his services in Bavaria the Elector settled on him a pension for life of nearly two thousand dollars, one half of which descended to his daughter, as Countess of Rumford, during her life. Returning to England, he assisted in putting in operation the society known as the Royal Institution, in London, about 1799. He afterwards located himself at Paris, mar ried the widow of the celebrated chemist, Lavoisier, and with her resided at Auteuil, on the estate of her former husband, where he died of fever, August 21, 1814, in the 62d year of his age; He bequeathed the annual sum of one thousand dollars to Harvard College, with other reversions, now aggregating about $30,000, to found the Rumford Professorship. To the "American Academy" he previously presented funds which now amount, it is said, to $24,500. The personal appearance of Count Rumford, in early manhood, is described " as a model of manly beauty ; his stature nearly six feet ; figure erect, limbs finely formed, eyes bright blue, features chiseled in the Roman mould, and hair dark auburn." There is a tradition that after he became affianced to Mrs. Rolfe, (who was by some years his senior,) seated in bis carriage and dressed in the brilliant scarlet attire of those times, he drove out from Boston to present his in tended bride to his mother ; but was completely non-plused by her exclamation on first meeting him, " Why, Ben., my child! how could you spend your whole winter's wages in this way?" His distin guished military promotions, it is said, were primarily owing to his splendid appearance when mounted on horseback. Among the qual ities that most characterized him were order and method, which he termed the " only possible instrument of true happiness, and almost a subordinate divinity in this lower world." In the eulogy pro nounced before the Institute of France, January 9, 1815, Cuvier says, " In his own person he was in every respect the model of per fect order. His wants, his pleasures and his labors were calculated as rigidly as his experiments. He drank nothing but water, .ate meat roasted only, and allowed nothing superfluous, not even a step nor a word." " His veneration for the Deity was never diminished. In all his works he has constantly taken occasion to express his re ligious feelings, and to point out to the admiration of others the innumerable precautions which Providence has taken for the preser vation of his creatures." SARAH, COUNTESS OF RUMFORD. In connection with the foregoing notice of her honored father we place the portrait of the daughter, engraved on steel, with a brief * Perhaps as early as 1792. SARAH Colettes s or RUMFORD BIOGRAPHICAL. 573 sketch of her eventful life. She was born in the family mansion — the Rolfe house — October 18, 1774.* A portion of her early life was spent with her paternal grandmother, at Woburn. After the death of her mother, in 1792, she went to Europe, at her father's invitation, and was introduced into the polite and fashionable circles of Bavaria, of Paris and of London. Between the death of her father and her own decease she visited this country two or three times; but her principal residence was at Brompton, near London, in a house which she inherited from her father. A portion of her time she spent in Paris, where she had funds invested. In 1845 she returned to the spot where she was born, to live and — to die. Here she remained in great retirement, having, as her only companion and the solace of her declining years, a young ladyf whom she adopted when a child, at Brompton. Occasionally the countess attended public worship at the North Church, and visited her family relatives and friends, but spent most of her time in adorning the grounds about her bouse and fitting things to her taste. By her habits of strict economy the property she inherited, together with her pension of about $1,000, had accumulated to a very considerable sum at the time of her decease — all which she disposed of by will, partly to family connections, but mostly for charitable objects. 1. To the Rolfe and Rumford Asylum, in Concord, .... $ 5.000 which she founded — with all her real estate, appraised at . . 5.000 2. To the New-Hampshire Asylum for the Insane, 15.000 3. To the Concord Female Charitable Society, 2.000 4. To the Boston Children's Friend Society, 2.000 5. For the Fatherless and Widows' Society, Boston, .... 2.000 She left a legacy of $10,000 to Joseph Amedee LeFebre, a son of her natural brother, Capt. LeFebre, of the French army, on condition that he would assume the name of Joseph Amede'e Rumford. The executor of her will was James F. Baldwin, Esq., of Boston, who was a neighbor and personal friend of- the countess in youth, and her financial agent in later years. The paintings which she inherited from her father, consisting of a portrait of the Elector of Bavaria, and Prince Maximilian, afterwards King of Bavaria; also, of several ladies of the court, and several of Count Rumford, representing him at different periods of life — were given to Joseph B. Walker, Esq., to descend at his decease to his son, Charles Rumford Walker. A beautiful marble monument is erected- to her memory in the old burying-ground, near the Walker family. JOHN BRADLEY. Hon. John Bradley was justly esteemed one of the most upright, useful and honored citizens of the town. His name is conspicuous in town affairs, on almost every page of the preceding history, from the age of twenty-one till his death, in 1815; and it may hereafter be the pride of* his descendants to collect into a summary all the re- * On the monument it says October 10. t Miss Emma Gannell, now the wife of Mr. John Burgum, of Concord, who was a native of Birmingham, England. 574 HISTORY OF CONCORD. corded acts of his public life — while the virtues which shone in his private character, and in domestic relations, will ever be worthy of their imitation. At the period of the tragic event of his father's death, August 11, 1746, he was under three years of age, but he remembered, in after life, that his mother, overwhelmed with grief, took him down to the place where the dead body of his father lay in blood, with the others slain — the sight of which produced an impression of horror which he never entirely lost. He was baptized by Rev. Mr. Walker, six days after his birth. Under the care of his mother, a woman of superior gifts and excellent qualities, he was often re minded of his father, and the scenes through which others of the family had passed in conflict with the Indians ; at the same time the principles of patriotism, of morals and religion, were instilled into his youthful heart. Living with his widowed mother, in the house of his grandfather, Abraham, he inherited, by his grandfather's will,* the house and homestead, together with the negro slave, Pompey, with whom John, in childhood, had been a particular favorite. In the war of the Revolution Mr. Bradley took a noble stand on the side of his country. In 1775 he received from the Committee of Safety of the Colony of New -Hampshire, signed by Matthew Thorn- * The following is a copy of tbe Will, which possesses unusual interest. In the name of God, Amen. This Eighth Day of July, Anno Domini 1754, and in tbe 28th Year of bis Majesties Reign, I, Abraham Bradley, of a Place called Rumford, in the Province of New-Hampshire, in New-England, Yeoman, being Sick and Weak in Body, tho' of Perfect Memory and Sound understandiug, (Thanks be given to Almighty God,) therefore calling to mind the Mortality of my Body, and knowing that it is appointed for all men once to die, do therefore make and Ordain this, my last Will and Testament ; Tbat is to say, prin cipally and first of all, I recommend my Soul into tbe Hands of Almighty God, who gave it me, and my Body to the Earth, to be decently interred, at the Discretion of my Executor hereafter named, nothing doubting but at the General Resurrection I shall receive the same again, together with Remission of all my Sins, by tbe Power of Almighty God, thro' the Merits of Christ my Redeemer ; and as touching such Wordly Estate, wherewith it bath pleased God in this Life to Bless me, I give, devise and dispose thereof in manner and form following, viz. : Imprimis. 1 will and Ordain tbat all those debts which in Duty, Right or Conscience, which 1 owe to any Person or Persons whatsoever, together with my Funeral Expenses ana Charges, and also the Charges of settling my Estate, be well and truly paid by my Executor hereafter named, out of my Stock of Cattle, Horses, Sheep and Swine. item. I give and bequeath unto Elizabeth, my dear and well beloved Wife, the free Use and Improvement of my dwelling-House and Barn, and all the Lands which I have in said Rumford already laid out and not otherwise disposed of by me, to be by her freely possessed and enjoyed during her natural Life, and at ber decease it is my Will and Pleasure that the said Houseing and Lands (excepting half an Acre, wbicb I reserve for tbe Use of my Negro) shall descend to my Two Grand-children hereafter mentioned. In manner and form follow ing, viz. : The Six Acre Lot of Interval, belonging to the Original Right of Nathan Blodgett, shall descend to my Grand-daugbter, Susanna Bradley, her Heirs and Assigns, provided tbe said Susanna, when she arrives at the Age of Twenty-One Years, shall give to ber Sisters, Margaret and Anna, in equal shares, two Thirds of the value of said Six Acre Lot. in ber Share of her Father's Estate at Exeter, in said Province, and that my dwelling-House and Barn, and the rest of the Lands which I have given tbe Improvement of to my Wife (except ing tbe half Acre reserved for my Negro) shall descend to my Grandson, John Bradley, his Heirs and Assigns, He paying to his Sister Mebitable tbe Sum of Five Pounds in Bills of Credit of the New Tenor on said Province, when he come to the Age of Twenty-One Years. I also give my said Wife the Use of my Negro, Pompey, during ber natural Life, together with my Stock of Cattle, Horses, Sheep and Swine not otherwise disposed of, and Utensils for Husbandry, and Household Goods and Provisions, and it is my Will and Pleasure that at ber decease the said Stock of Cattle, of all Sorts, and Household Goods shall be equally di vided betwixt my Daughters ; and the Utensils of Husbandry, of all Sorts, shall be for my Grandson, John Bradley. Item. I give and bequeath unto my dear and well beloved Son, Jeremiah, (besides tbe Farm I bave already given him) One Third part of all my undivided Lands, which is his full Portion of my Estate. Item. I give and bequeath unto my dear and well beloved Daughter four Acres of Land in BIOGRAPHICAL. 575 ton, chairman, a commission of first lieutenant in the company for the continental service, of which Benjamin Emery was captain.* Besides representing the town in the State Legislature several years, he was elected to the State Senate five years in succession, viz., from 1804 to 1808 inclusive. He early become an extensive land owner in the Province of Maine, and in adjacent parts of New- Hampshire, and encouraged the settlement of towns in the Pigwacket country.' Three of his own sons, Robert, John and Samuel A., set tled at Fryeburg. Under his patronage tho late Abiel Chandler — the magnificent donor of Dartmouth College — commenced his ca reer^ Mr. Bradley giving bonds to Harvard College for the payment of his bills. His house was the abode of hospitality. Enterprising and successful in his affairs, he was able to give his children a re spectable education ; and two of them, Samuel A. and Moses Hazen, were graduates of Dartmouth College. In the war of 1812 and 1815, a volunteer company of exempts from military duty was formed, of which Mr. Bradley, then at the age of seventy-one years, was one. This company voted to provide themselves with forty-eight rounds of ball cartridges, suited to the bore of the guns which they carried. Lead being very scarce, Mr. Bradley applied from house to house in the village, to procure a suf ficient quantity of lead for his bullets ; not succeeding, he said, " One thing I can do : in my pantry are the old pewter-platters that belonged to my grandmother — I will melt them up for balls ;" — and he did so. About this time a Mr. Gerrish, of Boscawen, who had the reputa- said Rumford, lying on an Island In Horse Shoe Pond, laid out to the Original Right of John Ayer. Also One Cow. Item. I give and bequeath unto my dear and well beloved Daughters, Abigail Richards, Apphia Farrington, Abiah Eastman, Martha Bradley, Mehitable Eastman and Elizabeth Fol- sum, One Third Part of all my undivided Lands in said Rumford, (excepting twelve Acres of said Third Part, which I reserve for paying my Son, Farrington,) be equally divided be twixt them. I also give them my Stock of Cattle, of all kinds, not otherwise disposed of, and Household Goods, to be equally divided betwixt them at their Mother's decease, which, with what I have already given them, is their full Share and Portion of my Estate. Item. I give and bequeath my said Negro, Pompey, after my Wife's decease, to my said Grandson, John Bradley ; also all my Utensils of Husbandry. Item. I give unto my Negro, Pompey, the Use and Improvement of One half Acre of Land by my dwelling-House, taking in my Nursery for part of it, during his natural Life ; at his decease to revert to my said Grandson, John Bradley, his Heirs and Assigns, and I will and Order my Son, Timothy, to take Especial Care that my said Negro be not wronged by my aforesaid Grandson in any Ways ; and if be should wrong him I give him Power to do him Justice. Lastly. I give and bequeath unto my dear and well beloved Son, Timothy, all the Re mainder of my Estate not herein otherwise disposed of, whether in Possession, Reversion or Remainder, which, with what I have already given him, is in full of his Portion of my Es tate. I also hereby Constitute, Ordain and Appoint him, my said Son, Sole Executor of this, my last Will and Testament, hereby revoking, disannulling and disallowing all former Wills, Testaments and Executors by me heretofore named or made, hereby Ratifying this, and no other, to be my last Will and Testament. In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my Hand and Seal the Day and Year first written. Signed, Sealed, Published and Declared by the said Abraham Bradley to be bis last Will. ' Hi! Before us : Abraham X Beadle v. [l. j. j Amoj Abbot, "**• Samuel Davis, Benja. Rolfe. * The commission is preserved in the family of his son, Richard Bradley, Esq. Mr. Brad ley went to Winter Hill the ensuing season. t See biography of Abiel Chandler. 576 HISTORY OF CONCORD. tion of affording "aid and comfort to the enemy" by furnishing beef cattle for the Canada market, called on Mr. Bradley and inquired — " Esq. Bradley, have you any beef cattle to sell ?" " I have cattle in good order," was the reply. " I should like, then, to look at them, for I want to buy some for market." " What market ?" in quired Mr. Bradley. "Well," said Mr. G., "I don't know as that concerns you — but the money is in my pocket, and if you will sell I am willing to pay a good price." Looking searchingly at him, EBq. B. said, " If you wish for my cattle to drive to Canada to feed the enemy in time of war, you have not money enough to buy them !" Upon which Mr. G. went his way, and purchased of those less scrupulous. Mr. Bradley was tall and slender, but of great muscular power. At one time he and the late Jonathan Eastman owned Sewall's Isl and, where they had a barn. Going to the barn early one spring, he discovered a wild cat in it. The animal secreted itself behind a pile of boards. Not having a gun, Mr. Bradley, with a pair of leather mittens on his hands, seized the creature by the nape of the neck and small of its back, and choked it to death. Though not a member of the church, Mr. B. was a firm and liberal supporter of religious institutions, a constant attendant on public worship, and of exemplary life. He passed the evening of his days in retirement and honor, in the old family mansion, greatly respected by his fellow-citizens, and died July 6, 1815, in the 72d year of his age, leaving his house and homestead to his youngest son, Richard. "The Gambrel Roof," as the Bradley mansion is sometimes called, is well represented by the above cut. It was built by Hon. BIOGRAPHICAL. 577 John Bradley, according to family tradition, about 1769. The upper part, or attic, was used many years for spreading and drying corn in the ear. The front part of the house retains its ancient form, but the back part has been considerably changed and enlarged by its present owner. JOSEPH WHEAT, THE STAGE-DRIVER. BT a. K. Of Joseph Wheat, who will be recollected as almost or quite the first stage-driver into Concord, and whose nose, especially, will be re membered long, I have two or three anecdotes — some of them not quite fit for publication. On their complaining, at Amherst — through which town his stage then passed — that he did not give notice of his approach by the usual mode of blowing a tin horn, he replied through the Amherst Cabinet, that he was aware of his deficiency in the usual notice ; that he really was too poor to supply himself with a hom ; but that in future, " whenever they should see the nose, they might expect the stage in about ten minutes." On another occasion, stopping for breakfast, one frosty morning, and coming in from the cold, taking his seat at the table on the opposite side of rather a dainty passenger, a drop was observed as pendant from the driver's proboscis, which the passenger noticed, and requested him very rebukingly and sternly to wipe off. Wheat, with the utmost sang froid, instantly replied, " Wipe it off yourself, if you please, sir, — you are the nearest to it." As illustrative of the great and com mendable change in the public taste since the old " pod-auger " and dram-drinking times, I have in mind, as impressing itself upon my youthful recollection, a conclusion of one of Wheat's public adver tisements, on establishing what he called " a new line of stages." " Come, my old friends, and take a seat In this new line, with Joseph Wheat ; And when to your journey's end vou've come, Your friend will treat with good old Rum." How would this call — this toper-graphical, not "Macedonian"- cry — sound now-a-days, as echoed through the public prints ? Wheat was noted for his ready versification, of which a specimen has already been given on page 350, on tho marriage of one Ball, an ardent- spirit soldier of the war of 1812, to Nancy Cumore, or Cumoe, a dingy lass of some five and forty, living at service in Capt. Ayer's family. Respecting the adventures of Wheat's nose, Samuel A. Kimball relates that on one occasion, driving the stage from Concord to Hano ver, Wheat met the President of the College, John Wheelock, riding in a carriage ; and as he passed, took hold of bis own nose, and pulling it one side, said, " Mr. President, I think you will be able to pass now." Mr. Wheat removed hence to Charlestown, Mass., where he resided many years. The date of his decease is not known by the writer. REUBEN ABBOT. Reuben Abbot, son of James Abbot, was born in Andover, and came to Penacook when a lad, with his father, about 1735. He was 37 578 HISTORY OF CONCORD. one of the most extraordinary men of his generation. Tradition affirms that when he was born he weighed but four pounds, and, as an object of curiosity, was put into a quart tankard and the lid shut down. His head and ears could be covered with a common sized tea-cup. When a young man he was distinguished for activity, strength, enterprise and energy. As particularly related in another place, he drove the ox-team that conveyed the dead bodies of the Brad leys and others, who were massacred in 1746. He and his brother James cleared and settled on land west of Long pond, which was given them by their father, about 1754. Reuben built the house where his grandson Reuben, and great-grandson Reuben Kilburn, now live. During his long life he was one of the most energetic and enterprising men in that section of the town. He was six feet in height, robust and strong, with bright blue eyes, and in old age very venerable in appearance. When eighty years of age he could swing a scythe and mow his swath with any man. At ninety years he shaved himself with a razor which he had owned seventy years. In shaving he never used a glass, but sat in his chair, and after lather ing, placed the back of his razor carefully on his face, and turn ing it, shaved off the beard. He would often relate the dangers and hardships he endured in the early period of the settlement.* He said he used to kill deer enough to give him fresh meat through the winter, and also to salt down for summer. The deer-skins he dressed for mittens and for leather breeches, which, with a cocked hat, he .continued to wear as long as he lived. Among tbe stories of his exploits, which used to puzzle the children and grandchildren, were these : " That be once shot a deer with a single ball, and made six holes through its skin ;" and at another time •' he shot and killed a deer without making any hole in its skin, or even drawing blood." After guessing in vain how it could be, the old man gratified the curiosity of his listeners by saying that in the first instance the ball passed through the foic legs and brisket of the deer, thus making six holes in the skin ; and in the second, the ball entered one eye of the deer and lodged in its head. Once, while in a boat on Long pond, fishing, Mr. Abbot discovered a bear swimming towards him. Hav ing his gun, he shot and wounded the bear, which thereupon, terribly enraged, still made for the boat. With the oars he defended him self, beat the bear off, and escaped without injury. Mr. Abbot was a Puritan, of strict religious principles, a member of the church under Rev. Mr. Walker, constant at public worship, and caveful to " command his children and household after him to keep the way of the Lord." He retained his mental faculties in a good degree till the close of life. In his ninety-fifth year he related the incidents of the massacre in 1746, with surprising accuracy; and living long enough to see descendants of the fourth generation bear- iug his own name, Reuben, in the house which he built, he died May * See pages 160, 854. BIOGRAPHICAL. 579 13, 1822, aged 99 years and 10 months — being the oldest man that ever lived in Concord. HON. TIMOTHY WALKER. Hon. Timothy Walker was the only son of Rev. Timothy Walker, and was born upon the paternal farm, in Rumford, June 27, 1737. He is said, when a boy, to have been a great favorite with the Indians living in the vicinity. Entertaining a deep reverence and affection for his father, they naturally inclined to him, and, as tradition says, were wont to take him with them on visits to their wigwams — assur ing his mother, who did not altogether relish such civilities, that "Indians no hurt minister's pappoose." This promise was never broken, and he was always returned in safety, although oftentimes modified somewhat in appearance, from the Indians having painted his face in glowing colors, and garlanded his head with gaudy feathers. His father gave early attention to his education, and sent him, when fifteen years of age, to Harvard College. He remained there during the regular course, and graduated in 1756. The two years ensuing he spent in teaching school at Bradford, Massachusetts. Upon leaving Bradford, having in the mean time chosen theology as his profession, he commenced a course of study, and pursued it, most probably with his father. Having completed his theological studies, he was examined at an Association Meeting* in Haverhill, Massachu setts, and licensed to preach, September 11, 1759. He was never settled as a pastor, but preached occasionally for about six years. Dur ing the last absence of his father in England, in 1762-3, he supplied his pulpit at Rumford, and also preached as occasion required in vari ous other places. In the summer of 1765 he preached six Sabbaths at Pigwacket, now Fryeburg, Maine. This seems to have been about the last of his preaching, and he soon after relinquished the profes sion of the ministry. From his diary it appears that on the 25th of November, 1765, he concluded a partnership agreement with Col. Andrew McMillan, and commenced trade with him in Rumford, in the southerly part of the village. They continued in business together but for a single year. Soon after their separation Mr. Walker opened a store near the resi dence of his father, and there continued his mercantile pursuits' until the beginning of the Revolution. He was married sometime previous to 1765, to Susannah Burbeen, daughter of Rev. Joseph Burbeen, of Woburn, Massachusetts, who died in Concord, September 28, 1828, at the aged of 82. They had fourteen children, ten of whom lived to grow up. Upon the commencement of hostilities with Great Britain, Mr. Walker warmly espoused the patriot cause, and seconded with zeal the measures adopted for the security of American liberty. His whole time seems now to have been devoted to the service of his country. The town of Concord chose him a member of the First Provincial Congress, which assembled at Exeter on the 17th of May, * See page 232. 580 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 1775, and he took an active interest in the very important measures which came before that body. On the 20th of May he was appointed a member of the Committee of Supplies, constituted to act in con junction with the Committee of Safety, and procure supplies for the New- Hampshire troops — at this time in the vicinity of Boston. On the 30th of August he was sent to the army, with Ichabod Rawlings, Esq., to ascertain the losses sustained at the battle of Bunker Hill by each of the officers and soldiers of the New-Hampshire forces, and in behalf of the colony to make them compensation ; also, to secure to them supplies, and advance a month's pay to such as had enlisted in the continental service. The action of the Provincial Congress upon the report subsequently made of their doings, affords evidence that those duties were done to their acceptance. About the 1st of September of this year the New-Hampshire Congress passed an act creating four regiments of minute-men, equal in number to about one fourth part of the then existing militia of the colony. They were to meet to drill once in every two weeks, and to be ready for service at a moment's warning. Mr. Walker was commissioned colonel of the third regiment, September 5, 1775, and exerted him self to train and fit for duty the forces under his command. From the 4th to the 16th of October we find him acting as paymaster of the troops at Winter Hill, commanded by Colonels Stark, Poor and Reid, and again, on the 27th of December, he was appointed by the second Provincial Congress paymaster of the same forces. The sec ond Provincial Congress was succeeded, January 6, 1776, by the first House of Representatives, organized under the temporary constitution and composed of the same members. Its journal shows Col. Walker to have been one of the committee appointed " to make a draft of the declaration of this General Assembly for independence of the United Colonies."* A draft was soon reported, which was adopted and a copy of it sent to the Continental Congress, in session at Phi ladelphia. At a date not long subsequent Col. Walker was appointed upon the committee to devise a systematic plan of finance, by means of which the payment of the debts of the State might be provided for, and funds raised for present and future purposes. When, on the 14th of March, 1776, the Continental Congress sent out the Associ ated Test, to be signed by those friendly to the patriot cause, Col. Walker most cheerfully signed the copy sent to Concord, and it was through his influence, in part at least, that of the one hundred and fifty-six to whom it was presented for signature in that town, not one declined subscribing to it his name. Col. Walker was this year one of the Committee of Safety, and served in that capacity until the 20th of June, 1776. During the next three years, viz. : from December 18, 1776, to December 15, 1779, he was a member of the Council — associated with Meshech Weare, Josiah Bartlett, Nicholas Gilman, and others of a like character — men of the purest patriotism, whose names New-Hampshire will ever cherish. On the 26th of March, 1777, he was chosen by the Legislature of New-Hampshire a delegate *See pages 267-8. BIOGRAPHICAL. ¦ 581 to the Continental Congress, and again, at three subsequent times, in 1778, 1782 and 1784 ; but it is not certain that he ever attended. He was sent from Concord a delegate to each of the New-Hampshire Constitutional Conventions of 1778 and 1781, and also to that of 1791, to revise the Constitution. In 1777 he retired from the more stirring scenes connected with the war, and accepted the oflice of a justice of the Court of Common Pleas, which he continued to hold until 1809 — being for the last five years a chief justice. The courts were held alternately at Exeter and Portsmouth, and Judge Walker made his journeys to and from those places on horseback. Upon the organization of the Republican party in New-Hampshire in 1798, Judge Walker was selected for its first candidate for gov ernor, and was run against John Taylor Gilman, who had already been an incumbent of the office in previous years, and was one of the strongest men of the Federal party, at that time greatly in the ma jority throughout the State. Gov. Gilman was the successful candi date, receiving 9.397 votes out of the whole number of 12.153 thrown, and Judge Walker 734. Twice afterwards, viz. : in 1800 and 1801, he was the Republican candidate for governor, receiving the former year 6.039, and the latter, 5.249 votes — the whole num ber of votes cast being between 16.000 and 17.000. Although mingling largely in State affairs, he did not withhold himself from a participation in the management of the more limited business of his native town. In this sphere he was also prominent. He was chosen moderator of the town meeting in 1769, and every year afterwards, with the exception of seven, until' 1809 — serving in that capacity no less than twenty-one years. He was also town clerk from 1769 up to and including 1777, and one of the selectmen of the town for twenty-five years, between 1769 and 1802 — being chairman of the board every year except four. He ever took a lively interest in every thing tending to advance the prosperity of Concord. Being a representative to the Legislature which was holden at Exeter in 1781, and finding some dissatisfactiou among the members relative to accommodations furnished them there, proposed, if they would adjourn to meet at Concord, they should be as well served, and at one half of the expense. The proposal was accepted, and upon his return home he informed his townsmen of the manner in which he had committed them, and they pledged themselves to make good his engagement to the best of their abilities. The next year the Legis lature assembled in Concord for the first time. In 1798 we find him greatly interested in the improvement of the sacred music of the town ; and the records of the Concord Musical Association, estab lished about that time, show him to have been its first president. In person Judge Walker was of medium size, being about five feet and ten inches in height, and having rounded and well developed limbs. In later life he was a little inclined to fulness. He had a placid, open countenance, a nose somewhat prominent, and a mild blue eye. His walk was ever erect, and his bearing dignified. He 582 HISTORY OF CONCORD. possessed an active, vigorous mind, and a well balanced judgment. He had keen perceptive faculties, which, aided by the experience gained in long intercourse with men, enabled him to form quickly correct opinions of the characters and motives of those with whom he came in contact. While cautious, he was yet of a sanguine tem perament; hopeful, also, when others despaired, and rarely given to despondency. Careful in the choice of his plans and patient in their execution, he was generally successful. Democratic and genial in his feelings, he was on familiar terms with all about him. Rejoicing in the welfare of his townsmen, he was ever ready to do them kind services. He manifested a particular interest in the young men of the town, and not a few just starting in life received from him counsel or encouragement, or pecuniary aid, which assisted them greatly in overcoming first obstacles, and nerved them to exertions which secured for them the foundations of future prosperity. When at length old age came upon him he met it cheerfully and manfully. For several years previous to 1822 he became a good deal infirm, but still enjoyed life in a good degree. His children were prosperously and respectably settled in life, and a part of them near about him. He had frequent evidence of the respect entertained for him by his fellow citizens ; he had an inward consciousness of having done what he could to be useful in his day and generation ; he had entire confidence in the revelations of the sacred Scriptures, and an humble hope that the infinite atonement of the Son of God might attach to him. On the 5th of May, 1822, in the bosom of his family, he died — a virtuous and a happy old man — in the 85th year of his age. Truly, " The hoary head is a crown of glory, if it be found in the way of righteousness." REV. ASA MCFARLAND, D. D. The Rev. Dr. McFarland was a native of Worcester, Mass. ; born April 19, 1769. He was graduated at Dartmouth College in 1793 ; was employed the two following years as Preceptor of Moore's Char ity School at Hanover, and the two next as Tutor in College. His limited pecuniary resources rendered special exertions necessary to defray the expenses of his education, and his vacations were gener ally employed in teaching music. By that means he was first intro duced into this town. In 1809 he was appointed a Trustee of Dartmouth College; in 1811, President of the New-Hampshire Mis sionary Society ; in 1812, he received the degree of Doctor of Divin ity, from Yale College ; and for twenty-seven years he was Clerk of the Ecclesiastical Convention of the State. Dr. McFarland possessed a vigorous and active mind ; was discriminating in reasoning and sound in his judgment. His sermons were formed with logical precision ; contained more of doctrinal than of practical instruction, and were delivered in a plain, direct manner, with a full, heavy, yet agreeable voice. His labors as a minister were very arduous, and the fruits of his industry are abundant. He left 2054 manuscript sermons, mmw, m& m® z&iulaso ei.i> BIOGRAPHICAL. 583 which make an average of 76 each year. The following is a list of his publications : 1. Sermon before the Franklin Lodge, at Hanover, June 24, 1797. 8vo- pp. 16. 2. Sermon at Concord, March 11, 1798, the Sabbath after his ordination. 8vo. pp. 32. 3. Thanksgiving Sermon, Nov. 15, 1798. 8vo. pp. 24. 4. Oration before the Society of the Phi Beta Kappa, at their anniversary at Hanover, August 25, 1802. 4 to. pp. 32. 5. Sermon at the Ordination of Rev. William Rolfe, at Groton, Nov. 9, 1803. 6. Sermon at Concord, June 22, 1806, the next Lord's Day after the total Eclipse of the Sun. 8vo. pp. 16. 7. An Historical View of Heresies and Vindication of the Primitive Faith. 12mo. pp. 276. Published in 1806. 8. Signs of the Last Times ; a discourse delivered at Concord, July 24, 1808. 8vo. pp. 32. 9. Sermon before the Executive and Legislature of New- Hampshire, June 1, 1808. 8vo. pp. 32. 10. Sermon at Concord, December 2, 1810, on the importance of Family Re ligion and Government. 8vo. pp. 28. 11. Sermon before the New-Hampshire Missionary Society, Sept. 17, 1812. 8vo. pp. 16. 12. Sermon on the Sabbath, April 15, 1813. 8vo. pp. 15. 13. Sermon before the Moral Society, September 14, 1814. 14. Sermon at the ordination of Rev. Jonathan Curtis, at Epsom, February 22, 1815. 15. Sermon at the ordination of Rev. Isaac Jones, at Candia, February 7, 1816. 8vo. pp. 19. 16. Sermon at the ordination of Rev. Nathan Lord, at Amherst, May 22, 1816. 8vo. 17. Sermon at Concord, December, 1822, from Canticles 6: 10 — entitled " The Moral Beauty and Glory of the Church." 18. Sermon at the ordination of Rev. Mr. Woodward. Besides preaching two written discourses on the Sabbath, he usu ally attended a third service at the town hall, or at a school-house, when he preached extemporaneously. In seasons of revival he preached frequently in outer districts of the town, sometimes spend ing a day or two in visiting from house to house, and attending meet ings in the evening without returning home. Three years and a half he officiated as chaplain in the State Prison — preaching to the convicts once on the Sabbath. Dr. McFarland was a leader in vocal music. Besides doing much to promote good singing in the church, he was a member of the Mer rimack County Musical Association, and, for some time President of it. His voice was admirably fitted for bass, which he sung with great power ; as tradition says, ," making the house tremble." Dr. McFarland was married three times. His first two wives were Nancy and Clarissa Dwight, of Belchertown, Mass. The third was Elizabeth Kneeland, only daughter of Mr. Bartholomew Kneeland, of Boston, who survived her husband eleven years. Her children were as follows: Asa; Susan K., married to Gilbert McMillan, Esq., of Conway; Elizabeth,* married to Rev. Edward Buxton, of West * Deceased. 584 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Boscawen; William; Sarah A., married to Mr. George N. Guthrie, of Putnam, Ohio; Andrew; Miriam P.;* and Clarissa,* married to John W. Noyes, Esq., of Chester. During the greater part of his ministry Dr. McFarland enjoyed the confidence of the town and the affections of the church. His regard for the interests of both were sincere, and lasting as his life. When, in 1824, in consequence of bodily infirmities, he concluded to resign his ministerial charge, he acted from a full conviction that the religious interests of the people required it.-)" He did it not only unsolicited, but in opposition to the advice of some of his substan tial friends. Closing his contract with the town he cordially united with the Church in seeking a candidate to be his successor, towards whom he always acted the part of a faithful counsellor and friend. Dr. McFarland was subject to depression of spirits, which increas ed with the failure of health and the infirmities of age. The imme diate cause of his death was paralysis, to which he seemed constitu tionally subject, — as some of his near kindred before him died with it. From December, 1823, to February, 1827, he experienced seven strokes of paralysis, — all except one on the Sabbath. He expired on tbe morning of the Sabbath, February 18, 1827, in the 58th year of his age and 27th of his ministry. The neighboring ministers attended his funeral as bearers, and a sermon was preached by Rev. Walter Harris, D. D., of Dunbarton, from Heb. 9 : 27. After his dismission from the pastoral office, in March, 1825, the following testimonial, drawn by Samuel Fletcher, Esq., was unani mously adopted by the Church, April 25, 1825, and entered upon the records : Whereas, the pastoral relation subsisting between the Rev. Dr. McFarland and this Church, has, at his request, and on account of ill health, been recently dissolved , and his faithful and arduous labors, during the term of twenty- seven years, have been remarkably blessed to the enlargement and prosperity of the church and the harmony of the town, under his ministry ; Therefore — Resolved, That this Church do cherish a grateful remembrance of his faithful services and extensive usefulness : That they look back with delight to the in teresting scenes through which they have passed ; to the seasons of refreshing from the presence of the Lord, which under his ministry they have been permit ted repeatedly to experience ; to the many instances in which they have taken sweet counsel together, and in which they have listened to his kind and faithful instructions : And while they deplore the necessitv of the separation that has taken place, they fervently implore the blessings of Providence and the approv ing smiles of his and their Master to descend and remain upon him. The likeness which accompanies this brief sketch was copied from a painting executed in 1818 by the celebrated Prof. S. F. B. Morse. NATHANIEL HAZELTINE CARTER. Nathaniel H. Carter was a son of Mr. Joseph Carter, and born in the south-west part of the town, at what is called the Iron Works. His father at ODe time lived on the spot where Mr. William Abbot now lives, where, it is understood, Nathaniel H. was born, 1787. * Deceased, j See his Letter of Resignation, p. 385. BIOGRAPHICAL. 585 Subsequently Mr. Carter lived with the late Mr. Levi Abbot, who married his daughter, in a house still standing, built by Nathaniel Abbot, 2d — the back part of which, now occupied as a shed or store room, is built of logs, in the ancient manner.* The baptism of Na thaniel Hazeltine, son of Joseph Carter, by Rev. Israel Evans, is re corded October 11, 1789. Evincing at an early age a desire for a superior education, he at first attended a private school in Concord, kept by the late Rev. Abraham Burnham, D. D., of Pembroke; then he went to Philips' Academy, Exeter; graduated at Dartmouth College in 1811; taught school in his native town ; then in Salisbury, and in Portland, Me. He was professor of languages in Dartmouth University ; afterwards went to Albany ; read law a while, and, under the auspices of DeWitt Clinton and otbers, commenced a paper, which was subsequently moved to New- York, and called the New- York Statesman, of which he remained one of the editors till 1829. This paper was conducted with great ability, and in particular was distinguished for candor and its literary merits. In 1825 he made a tour in Europe, and was absent till 1827, when he returned, and published in two octavo vol umes his well known " Letters from Europe." In his tour he visited England, Ireland, Scotland, France, Italy and Switzerland. His health becoming impaired he went to Cuba, where he spent the winters of 1827 -8. His last visit to his native town was in the fall of 1828 — at which time he met a cordial wel come from many associates of his youth, and was regarded with high respect and esteem by all who knew him. He attended church for the last time in the old North meeting-house, where his pale face, emaciated form and brilliant eye, attracted the notice and awakened the sympathy of the preacher, to him then a stranger. He also visited the old Court-room, while the court was in session, where he received a most respectful notice from the members of the bar, of whom then present were the late Ezekiel Webster, George Sullivan, Jeremiah Mason and Levi Woodbury. But during this last visit to his native town he went to the spot where he was born, and roamed once more along the banks of the " Turkey river," to which the fol lowing beautiful lines, composed by him at that time, may give a classic immortality : TO MY NATIVE STREAM.f Hail ! hail again, my native stream, Scene of my boyhood's earliest dream ! With solitary step once more I tread thy wild and sylvan shore, And pause at every turn, to gaze Upon thy dark meand'ring maze. What though obscure thy woody source, What though unsung thy humble course; What if no lofty classic name Give to thy peaceful waters fame, Still can thy rural haunts impart A solace to this saddened heart. *The house is now owned by Sir. Ira Abbot, t From the New-fork Statesman. 586 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Since last with thee I parted, time Hath borne me on through many a clime, Far from my native roof that stood, Secluded by thy murm'ring flood ; And I in distant lands have roamed, Where rolled new streams, new oceans foamed ; Along the Shannon, Doon and Tay, I 've sauntered many a happy day, And sought beside the Cam and Thames Memorials of immortal names ; Or mingled in the polished train Of fashion, on the banks of Seine. And I have seen the azure Rhone Rush headlong from his Alpine throne ; Green Mincius and silver Po Through vine-clad vales meand'ring flow ; Sweet Amo, wreathed in summer flowers, . Linger amidst Etrurian bowers ; And the old Tiber's yellow tide Roll to the sea in sullen pride. In climes beneath the burning zone, 'Mid tangled forests, deep and lone, Where fervid skies forever glow, And the soft trade-winds whispering blow, My roving footsteps too have pressed The loveliest island of the West. There Yumuri winds, deep and calm, Through groves of citron and of palm ; There, on the sluggish waves of Juan, My little boat hath borne me on ; Or up Canimar's silent floods, Strown with tbe blossoms of its woods. Yet not the less, my native stream, Art thou to me a grateful theme, Than when, in heedless boyhood's prime, I wove for thee the rustic rhyme, Ere other realms, beyond the sea, Had spread their fairest charms for me. E'en now, alone I sit me down, Amidst thy woods, with autumn brown, And on the rustling leaves recline, Beneath a copse of whisp'ring pine, To watch thv amber current run, Bright with November's parting sun. Around with eager eye I trace The charms of each remembered place — Some fountain gushing from the bank, At which, in youth, I knelt and drank — Yon oak. its hoary arms that rears, Scene of my sports in boyish years. Farewell ! farewell ! though I no more May ramble on thy rural shore, Still shall thy quiet wave glide on, When he who watched its flow is gone, And his sole epitaph shall be Inscribed upon some aged tree. Concord, N. H., November, 1828. BIOGRAPHICAL. 587 With the hope of benefit to his declining health, in the fall of 1829, Mr. Carter, by advice of his physicians, sailed for France. He arrived at Marseilles, and died January 2, 1830, aged 43. After his death, in his vest-pocket was found a scrap of poetry, and on the back of the scrap a note, intimating that those lines were but part of an article, the beginning of which was to be found in his sec retary — telling at once of his feebleness at the time of his last writing — unable to go to his secretary to put the scraps together — and that he was expecting that the ocean would be his grave. This last specimen of his poetic genius is here inserted. The two parts, as found, are separated by a dash : TO THE CLOSING SCENE — BURIAL AT SEA. From his room to the deck they bronght him, drest In his funeral robes by his own request — With his boots and stock and garments on, And naught but the breathing spirit gone : For he wished that a child might come and lay An unstartled hand npon his clay. Then they wrapped his corse in a tarry sheet, To the dead, as Araby's spices sweet, And prepared him to seek the depths below, Where waves never beat, nor tempests blow. No steeds with their nodding plumes were here, No sable hearse, and no coffined bier, To bear with pomp and parade away The dead — to sleep with his kindred clay. But the little group — a silent few, His companions, mixed with the hardy crew, Stood thoughtful around, till a prayer was said O'er the corse of the deaf, unconscious dead. Then they bore his remains to the vessel's side, And committed them safe to the dark blue tide. One sullen plunge, and the scene is o'er — The sea rolled on as it rolled before. In that classical sea,* whose azure vies With the green of its shores, and the blue of its skies, In some pearly cave, in some coral cell — Oh ! the dead shall sleep — as sweetly, as well — As if shrined in the pomp of Parian tombs, Where the East and the South breathe their rich perfumes ; Nor forgotten shall be the humblest one, Though he sleep in the watery waste alone, When the trnmp of the angel sounds with dread, And the sea, like the land, gives up the dead ! The opinion will not, I trust, be deemed invidious, that Nathaniel H. Carter stands preeminent among the sons of Concord in literary merit. GEORGE HOUGH. Mr. Hough was extensively and well known as the first printer in Concord. He died February 8, 1830, aged 73. " He was descended," "The Mediterranean, on which sea he was then voyaging. 588 HISTORY OF CONCORD. said the late John Farmer, " from an ancient and respectable family, who emigrated at a very early period from Lincolnshire, in England, and settled in Massachusetts ; from whence the brancb from which he descended removed to Connecticut, where, in the town of Bozrah, formerly Norwich, he was born on the 15th of June, 1757. His father was Mr. Jabez Hough, who lived to the advanced age of ninety-three. The art of printing he acquired in an office belonging to two Scotchmen, of the name of Robertson, who had established themselves at Norwich, and were well known for their skill in typog raphy. From this office was issued the Norwich Packet, a paper which, as published by them, and subsequently by a Mr. Trumbull, advocated the principles of the Revolution, and did much towards extending those principles in the region where it was circulated. In 1783 Mr. Hough went to Windsor, in Vermont, and there, in con junction with the late Alden Spooner, Esq., established the Vermont Journal, in which they were jointly concerned until 1789, when Mr. Hough removed to Concord, and set up the first printing press in this town, in the month of September. While in Vermont he was elected one or two years treasurer of the county of Windsor. The first work which he printed in Concord, and the first printing done in the county of Merrimack, or in any part of the old county of Rock ingham, out of the towns of Portsmouth and Exeter, was the Chris tian Economy. This fact may be deserving of remembrance in the typographical annals of the State. In January, 1790, he commenced the "Concord Herald and New-Hampshire Intelligencer," which, with several alterations of the title, he continued until October 30, 1805. This paper was circulated in the interior central parts of the State, and was the means of diffusing a knowledge of our political and" civil relations at a time when, compared with the present, but few newspapers were distributed. In 1792, a post-office having been es tablished in Concord, he was appointed the first post-master, and his commission, signed by the Hon. Timothy Pickering, the Post-Master General, is dated in June of that year. On Mr. Jefferson's accession to the presidency, in 1801, and the appointment of Mr. Granger to be Post-Master General, Mr. Hough, in common with many others, was superseded in office. In the years 1815 and 1816 he was chosen one of tbe two representatives of the town of Concord in the Gen eral Court. In January, 1819, he commenced the " Concord Ob server," a religious newspaper, and the first of the kind printed in New-Hampshire. In 1828 a number of the enterprising mechanics of Concord formed an association for the purpose of mutual aid and improvement in their respective vocations, and Mr. Hough, from his age and long devotion to the typographic art, was selected as the first president. To this office he was reelected about a month prior to his decease." In the various relations of life the subject of this notice was dis tinguished for the urbanity of his deportment, the fidelity of his friendship, and the uprightness of his dealings. To his uniform character for honesty and integrity, Mr. Hough added, within the BIOGRAPHICAL. 589 last fifteen years of his life, the higher and holier sanction of the Christian profession. Mr. Hough's first wife was the widow of Dr. Fay, of Windsor, "Vt,, by whom he had one child, George H., afterwards a Baptist missionary in India. His second wife was Miss Lucinda Jones, who died before her husband, September 26, 1826, aged 64, leaving no children. An adopted niece, Miss Mary Silsby, married Moses G. Atwood,. formerly of Concord, but now of Alton, 111. Mr. Hough is remembered as remarkably moderate, exact and pre cise in every thing. He had become so accustomed to correct proof, that in his ordinary reading of a newspaper or book, he would stop to punctuate according to his own notions. He made excessive use of the comma, always placing one before the conjunction and. In counting over bank bills he invariably smoothed out all the wrinkles as he proceeded. At a time when the " lower Concord Bank" was run upon for specie payment of its bills, Col. Kent employed Mr. Hough to count small coin, while an express man was sent to Bos ton to obtain the sum requisite to meet the demand ! His usual pre cision to ascertain the exact value of the small pieces gave ample time for the messenger to return and save the bank from dishonoring its paper. It was a common saying respecting Mr. Hough, that he " seemed to put a comma after every step he took." An intimate friend of his says : " Although very deliberate and apparently considerate in speech, he used to be caught ' tripping on the tongue,' by frequent Irishisms. Riding with him across the Pine plain one summer eve ning, when and where will be noticed, as crossing your path, an occasional vein of air, warmer than the surrounding atmosphere, he remarked upon the singularity of the ' warm and cold heats.' With reference to the health of his wife, he replied, one day, to the inquiry of a friend concerning her, — ' Mrs. Hough got up down sick, and she has been abed ever since she got up.' Upon Col. K.'s reminding him of his addictedness to Irishisms, (of which he seemed to be fully conscious,) and asking him the cause, he replied very seriously — ' I don't know how in the world it happened, unless it be because I served my time with a Scotchman.' " CAPT. RICHARD AYER. Died, in this town, on Saturday, December 17, 1831, Capt. Rich ard Ayer, in the 75th year of his age. He was born May 12, 1757, at Haverhill, Mass., where his ancestors, from the early settlement of that town, had resided, and where they possessed a good share of wealth and influence. He came to this town in 1777, having the same year married Miss Susan Sargent, grand-daughter of Rev. Christopher Sargent, of Methuen, and settled in the village, where he resided until his death. He was in early life employed in the affairs of the town ; served in the office of selectman, and in 1814 and 1815 represented his fellow-townsmen in the State Legislature. He possessed a vigorous and powerful frame, a sound judgment, and in the various offices he held, and several relations of life, exercised 590 HISTORY OF CONCORD. a good share of discrimination. He had thirteen children, nine of whom survived him.* JESSE CARR TUTTLE. Mr. Tuttle is well remembered as a printer and a miller. He married Zerviah, a daughter of the second Reuben | Abbot. Mr. Tuttle was an indentured apprentice to the printing business, with Mr. George Hough. He was always fond of an out-door life, to the neglect of his proficiency in the printing art. On being remonstrated with for his inattention, and told that, without more diligence in the office, he would never make a printer, he is said to have remarked very gravely, that " Mr. Hough was bound by his indentures to learn him the tradfr — and he did n't care." After he became, in a certain sense, a printer, and a publisher of one of the only two newspapers then printed in Concord, he found fault with one of his apprentices for following copy, and setting up that " Bonaparte was in great jeopardy" during his campaign in the north of Europe, — insisting upon it that, instead of lower case, he should have set up " great jeopardy" with capital initial letters, as it was a place somewhere in Russia. Relinquishing the printing business, Tuttle became a miller, and lived a while at Dickerman's millsj and brought his meal for customers into Concord Main street. He was an honest, hard-work ing and driving man, — but somehow, in his business, failed to work it right. He brougbt up his family very creditably, and died De cember 10, 1834, aged 55,-leaving a widow and children, living much respected for several years afterwards in Concord. JONATHAN EASTMAN, ESQ. Jonathan Eastman, senior, Esq., was a son of Philip Eastman, who married Abiah Bradley. He was a man of robust frame, and distinguished during his life for health, activity and enterprise. He was an ardent patriot; was in Capt. Joshua Abbot's company of volunteers that marched to reinforce the northern army, September, 1777, and was ready any time afterwards to fight for his country I Esq. Eastman, as he was usually called, lived on the east side of the river, on the spot near the old garrison-house of his grandfather, Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, where he brought up a large family.J He had but little early education, but learned to write on birch bark, and in late years was well posted up in all political and public matters, by reading newspapers. As illustrations of his enterprise and force of character, it is related that when a boy, fifteen years of age, he was sent by his father, on foot, to Conway, driving two cows and two * See Ayer family. t Mr. Enoch Dickermari, who has lived in Concord since 1828, was a hired hand with Tuttle, and drove his team about a year. His father once owned " Dickerman's Mills." Mr. Dick- erman is now a sort of " fixture" in Concord, known by his long cotten striped frock, his spectacles, and his bending posture, as if he was looking for pins or money. He was one of the last tenants of the old garrison house, owned by Dr. Chadboume, before it was moved back for a stable. [See picture of him in Wheeler's Directory, 1853.] X See Eastman family. JTODH&ra&H' HiOTKLOT Il| BIOGRAPHICAL. 591 shotes the whole distance, and going by way of Saco, Me. Near a solitary cabin in the woods, about half way to where he was to stop, he met a bear in the path, which he faced, till old bruin, put out of coun tenance, filed off. He lodged in the cabin alone at night, and reached Conway in safety the next day. When a young man he was engaged in a party with Andrew McMillan, Esq., of Conway, in " running out land" in Rumford, Me. On one occasion, a severe storm coming on, they started for Fryeburg, but before they reached it, it was so cold that they were in danger of freezing. The flint of their only gun was lost, and they could not " strike fire." In this predicament the fact occurred to them that there were quartz pebbles on the bot tom of Keaser Pond, near by, in not very deep water. Hastening to the pond, they broke the ice, and cast lots to decide who should go in to get the pebbles. The lot fell on Eastman ; and, stripping off his clothes, with a rope fastened to one leg, he dove in and fetched up a pebble. With this they struck fire and made themselves com fortable. Esq. Eastman was a great friend of Parson Walker, and also of the ministers who succeeded him. He was regular in his attendance at meeting, but if any thing occurred to prevent his going, his old horse, named " Pomp," had formed such a good habit, that he would leave his pasture, go to the meeting-house, stand at his post all day, and after meeting return home with his neighbors. The many useful offices which* Mr. Eastman filled in town, and the services which he performed as a citizen, may be seen by reference to the history. He died October 19, 1834, aged 87. The accompanying likeness of Esq. Eastman, which is very perfect, was taken from an original painting by Hon. Jacob A. Potter, about 1831. STILSON EASTMAN. Mr. Eastman's service in the French War, 1757, has already been related, on page 195 of our History. He was also in the Revolu tionary service, and on the surrender of Burgoyne, after the soldiers had stacked their guns, he contrived to exchange his gun for a Hes sian rifle. This was preserved in the family many years, and is now in possession of Mr. Meshech Lang, who obtained it of Amos East man, son of Stilson. This gun, which I have seen, is a beautiful rifle — having only a new stock since Mr. Lang owned it. After the war, Eastman owned and lived on the farm subsequently owned by the late Isaac Emery, Esq., in East Concord. Not being of strictly sober life, and becoming embarrassed in pecuniary matters, Eastman's farm fell into the hands of Simeon Brackett, who married his daugh ter Betsey. In old age he and his wife went to live in Rumford, Me., withtheir son Caleb. There, at 80 years of age, he was awak ened to religious concerns under the preaching of a missionary, Rev. Jotham Sewall. When 90 years old lie would ride on horseback, with his wife behind him, several miles to meeting. Being once asked how old he was, he replied, " I am now four years old ; for I consider all my past life, before I found a Saviour, as nothing. It is 592 HISTORY OF CONCORD. now four years since I began to live!" He died in Rumford about 1837, in the 100th year of his age. JOHN FARMER, ESQ. John Farmer, Esq., came to Concord from Amherst in 1821 ; form ed a business connection with Dr. Samuel Morril, and opened an apothecary store — whence he received the title of Doctor, though he never entered the medical profession. He remained in Concord till the time of his death, August 13, 1838. Soon after his decease the following brief, accurate and just tribute to his memory appeared in the Portsmoutb Journal.* " John Farmer, Esq. was born at Chelmsford, Mass., on the 12th of June, 1789, and was the eldest son of John Farmer, of Chelms ford, and a lineal descendant of Edward Farmer, son of John Far mer, of Ansley, in Warwickshire, who came to this country and set tled in Billerica as early as 1672. " Mr. Farmer was distinguished as an antiquarian and genealogist, and his researches, some of which are embodied in his publications, are sufficient to enrol his name among the most distinguished histori ans of the age in which he lived. His Notes and Illustrations of Belknap's History of New- Hampshire are scarcely less valuable than the text itself; and his Genealogical Register of the First Settlers of New-England is a monument of great labor and much patient re search. In connection with Mr. Moore, of Concord, he published in 1823 the Gazetteer of New-Hampshire, spoken of at that time as a model by the critics, and since followed by similar works in several other States; and in conjunction with the same gentleman he pub lished several years since three volumes of Historical Collections, embodying a large amount of rare and valuable matters. Mr. Far mer also contributed largely to the published Collections of the N. H. Historical Society, of which he was one of the founders, and a most useful member — having been one of the publishing committee, and corresponding secretary from 1825 until the day of his death. He was also a contributor to the volumes published by the Massachusetts Historical Society, and latterly to the Quarterly Register — a valuable statistical work, published in Boston. For the last year or two he has been engaged in collating and arranging the records, manuscripts, and files in the office of the Secretary of State, and most richly did he merit the compliment bestowed upon his labors by the Governor in his last annual message. It is gratifying to learn that the most difficult portion of the task confided to Mr. Farmer has been accom plished, and that it will be in the power of the Executive, under the wise and liberal resolve of the Legislature, to secure to this State probably the most perfect set of public records in the Union. " Mr. Farmer was an honorary member of various learned and lite rary societies abroad ; a correspondent of the most eminent living his torians, scholars and antiquaries of the age — and enjoyed, what is a * A more full notice of him is found in Vol. VI., of N. H. Historical Collections. WFWJES,. IE HITS. BIOGRAPHICAL. 593 rare blessing, the entire confidence and esteem of men of all parties in religion or politics. He had no enemies, and many friends. He was a conscientious and ardent friend of the slave, and, as corres ponding secretary of the New-Hampshire Anti-Slavery Society, he was greatly beloved by its members. His death was peaceful and tranquil. His funeral was attended on Wednesday morning by a large concourse, at the North church, where a most affecting tribute to his memory and worth was paid by Rev. Dr. Bouton, and his body consigned to its place in that mighty congregation of the dead, over whose history it was his delight to ponder while living." To the above it may be added that Mr. Farmer was a man of feeble constitution, slender and tall ; bright blue eyes, sandy com plexion and hair, with a prominent forehead^ and a mild, but very intelligent expression: He had a faculty- of 'attaching to him the young, and exerted over them a pleasing and salutary influence- generally inspiring them with a love of reading and research. Among the young men who were thus under his influence, were the late Prof. Henry L. Low and Cyrus P. Bradley, of Concord, and others still living. Mr. Fai r never married. He died of a lingering con sumption, at the Louse of Mr. Daniel Clark. Among his particular friends were Gen. Joseph Low, of Concord, and Isaac Spalding, Esq., of Nashua,— of wnom the latter was administrator of his estate; and the former has ascribed, on his family monument, in the old burying- ground, the u-.~e of Mr. Farmer, with the following inscription : John Farmeh, Died August 13, 1838, JEt. 49. Born at Chelmsford, Mass., Honored as a man, Distinguished as an antiquarian and a scholar, Beloved as a friend, And revered as a christian philanthropist, And a lover of impartial liberty. His death has occasioned a void in society which time "WiU fail to supply ; And the reason and fitness of which, As to time, and manner, and attending circumstances, Eternity alone can fully unfold. ' COL. WILLIAM A. KENT. Col. Kent came to this place in 1789, and established himself as one of the two or three traders, doing business here in a small way, and, connecting with his store of West India goods the business to which he had been regularly apprenticed and brought up— *¦ that of a tin-plate worker. Col. Kent was born in Charlestown, Mass., on the 27th of April, 1765, and was the youngest child of Ebenezer and Mary Kent — the father being the son also of Ebenezer, and the mother being Mary Austin, daughter of JEbenezer Austin, all 594 HISTORY OF CONCORD. of Charlestown. Both his father and paternal grandfather were sea-captains, and both died abroad — the father, when the subject of this notice was but an infant, about fifteen months old. Left at this early age to the care of a mother in moderate circumstances, with a family of four children dependent upon her, the struggle with" adversity would seem to have been sufficiently arduous, with out the calamity which befel the family, in common with other residents of Charlestown, by the burning of that place by the British, in 1775. By this fire the dwelling-bouse and small store of the mother were consumed, and the family driven, as homeless wander ers, for months back into one of the interior towns. On the return of the family to Charlestown, a situation as apprentice was secured for William, when fourteen years of age, in the shop and store of Deacon Newell, of Boston. It was then the custom to allow few or no perquisites to the apprentice, and so close had the subject of this notice been kept in the matter of money, that he has been heard to remark that, glad as he, in common with most apprentices, might be to terminate his seven years' service, the day he became one and twenty was to him, perhaps, the gloomiest day of his life, — as, on returning to his poor and widowed mother, he had barely money enough to carry him over the bridge to Charlestown. Having no capital with which to commence business for himself, and remaining unemployed for a few weeks, he gladly embraced an early offer to go back as a journeyman to his old master. Here he continued long enough to earn sufficient money, and establish sufficient credit, to purchase for himself a set of tools, and a few boxes of tin, together with a barrel of sugar, a barrel of molasses, a keg of tobacco, a bag of coffee and a chest of tea, and took passage, with his goods, on board one of the slow farmer teams of that day, bound to this, the place of his after residence for more than fifty years. His attention was directed to this place by the fact of his only sister having previously mar ried the Rev. Israel Evans, who settled in this town. In 1792 Col. Kent formed a happy marriage connection with Miss Charlotte Mellen, a daughter of the Rev. John Mellon, of Sterling, Mass., and younger sister of the Hon. Prentiss Mellen, some years since a Senator in Congress, and Chief Justice of the State of Maine. Cemented by this happy union, their united home was, for nearly thirty years, the abode of refined and generous hospitality. With reference to this, it may not be inappropriate to quote the following tribute, from no less an authority than the Hon. Daniel Webster, in a letter written by him, six months previous to his decease, to George Kent, Esq., one of the sons : " I avail myself of this opportunity, my dear sir, to renew the ex pression of that regard which I have entertained for yourself and your family for so many years. Your excellent father was one of the first to bring me into notice before the people of New-Hampshire, and a kind and attached friend to the hour of his death. His house was one of the first in all the neighborhood in which I met intelli gent and cultivated' society, and that house was always adorned, en- BIOGRAPHICAL. 595 livened, and made most agreeable to all its guests, by your admirable mother. I assure you, my dear sir, that these recollections give me great pleasure." In 1796 Col. Kent was commissioned as a justice of the peace, which office he continued to hold, through various reappointments, and in its different grades, of justice of the quorum, and justice throughout the State, until his temporary removal from New- Hamp shire, in 1821. He was elected the representative of the town in 1797, and reelected to the same office four or five times during the succeeding twenty years — his last service in this capacity being in 1817. In the mean time he was three times elected to the Senate of New-Hampshire — first, in 1809, and again in 1813 and 1814 — in which latter year he was chosen by the Legislature as treasurer of the State, the duties of which office he disoharged for the succeeding two years. In early life he was commissioned and served several years as aid to the governor, (Gov. Gilman,) with the rank of colonel, and in this capacity accompanied His Excellency on several excur sions and reviews throughout the State. Having retired from mer cantile business, he was, in 1806, appointed cashier of the Concord- Bank, and continued in that office until his resignation, in 1821. Col. Kent will be long and favorably remembered as an energetic and public-spirited citizen; ready to aid in all works of public im provement, and to bear his share in all public enterprises. He was a friend of good order, of the cause of education, and of religious worship and ordinances. Although not himself greatly indebted, in early life, to public school instruction, nor at all to any of the higher seminaries of learning, he was a just appreciator of their value, and by his native force of mind and quickness of apprehension, well sup plied, to an extent quite uncommon, any defect in his early training, so that he became a ready and correct writer, a clear and comprehen sive speaker, and an accurate and sound judge in all matters where he was called upon to act. In affairs of the town his opinion was looked up to with much confidence, was readily given, and generally appre ciated. He was repeatedly called upon to preside as moderator of the annual town meetings, and evinced, in this often difficult office, great readiness in the discharge of duty, united with dignity and self-possession, and great firmness and decision of character, blended with courtesy and respect to the feelings and rights of others. His courage, moral and physical, was put severely to the test in the March election of 1813, when, as moderator, he felt bound to deny to certain United States soldiers, stationed at Concord, the right of voting, which they claimed on that occasion.* But it was in the more private relations of life that the subject of this imperfect notice was the best appreciated. Of gentlemanly manners and pleasing address, he had a quickness of perception and readiness of reply, which could not fail to distinguish him in the ex tensive circle of private friendship. Naturally rather taciturn, and only speaking when he had something to say, his peculiar qualities * See History, pp. 344 -S. 596 HISTORY OF CONCORD. were less known to the world at large. In the family and social circle he was often the " observed of all observers," by the point and terseness of his ready replies. He seemed to know the exact place, in colloquial discourse, when quietly to let fly the arrows of his wit, and, keen as they might often be — being aimed not at partic ular persons, but at men and things in general — there was seldom or never any festering wound left behind. Col. Kent, though slender in form, and always after a severe fever which he had in early life, considerable of an invalid, was remarkably quick and active in his motions, retaining his erect attitude and the suppleness and elasticity of his limbs, to the time of his last sickness and death. He was accustomed to take frequent walks, to work a good deal in his garden, (of which he was very fond,) to take occa sional exercise in early life in the way of gunning and fishing ; and in later years in journeying, especially in visiting, at least once a year, and staying for days, and sometimes weeks, at Hampton Beach, or some other of our various New-England watering-places, where he was often the life of the social circle. He retained his usual health to within less than a week of his decease, and his mental powers ap parently unimpaired to the very last; and died of an inflammatory disease of the bowels, on the 7th of April, 1840, at the age of sev enty-five years. For several of the last years of his life he was a member of the Unitarian church in this town, and always a diligent reader of the Holy Scriptures ; constant in his attendance upon public worship, and exemplary in his daily habits and manner of life, from his youth up. Old as he was, he had not outlived, and had, indeed, hardly impaired his usefulness, up to the time of his decease. His funeral was numerously attended, and his departure mourned, both as a private and public loss, by his townsmen generally, and by a large circle of relatives and friends.* The admirable lithograph likeness accompanying this notice was taken from a painting by a Mr. Edwards. PHILIP CARRIGAIN, ESQ. Philip Carrigain, son of Dr. Philip Carrigain, was born in Concord, February 20, 177-,f and graduated at Dartmouth College in 1794 ; studied law with Arthur Livermore, Esq., and settled in practice in his native town. He was chosen Secretary of State by the Newr Hampshire Legislature in June, 1805, and sustained that office four years. He was employed by the State government to prepare a Map of New-Hampshire, which he published in 1816 — a work which reflects great credit on the author, and is highly honorable to the State under whose patronage it was executed. Mr. Carrigain was several years clerk of the Senate, and was often employed in public business. He was for some years in the practice of law at Epsom and Chichester : but subsequently came to Concord, where he died, * See "Kent family." t The original record appears to have been altered. He was probably bom in 1773. BIOGRAPHICAL. 597 in very reduced circumstances, March 15, 1842, aged 70 years. A writer in one of the public journals thus speaks of him. " The late Philip Carrigain, Esq., of Concord — a quick witted, genial person age — when be held the office of Secretary of State was frequently beset for his name, to be placed upon petitions for office. Carrigain, it is said, signed all the papers offered. He wrote a beautiful band, and wielded a pen with the skill and dexterity of a writing-master. The flourish beneath his name is well remembered by multitudes of people in all parts of New-Hampshire — flourishes representing a plain oblong circle, with accompanying scrolls ; or the head, beak, and neck of an eagle ; or the head of a lion, or the figure of the quill with which he wrote. He signed, as remarked above, all the papers presented ; but had this understanding with Heads of Departments, that unless there was the head of an eagle beneath his name, no atten tion was to be paid to the signature." A friend who knew him well says : "Philip Carrigain, Esq., will be remembered for his social and convivial habits, the general kind liness of his disposition, the versatility of his talents, his apprecia tion of wit and humor, and his readiness at repartee. He was a gentleman in his manners — and although he suffered himself to be come and to remain a bachelor, even to three score years and ten, was always a great admirer and flatterer of the fair sex. His com pliments were often rather fulsome — but sometimes blended, whether intentionally or not, with a spice of raillery. He paid this rather ambiguous compliment to a bevy of young ladies, coming out one summer evening from a convivial entertainment, and manifesting in "their homeward walk a good deal of sportive glee, as well as great "confusion of tongues :" " The dog-star rages — and, 'tis past a doubt, "All Bedlam — or Parnassus — is let out." When Secretary of State under Gov. Langdon, whose Council as well as himself, (Hon. Elijah Hall, Col. Quarles, Gen. Pierce, &c.) were all ignorant, to say the least, of any tongue but our own, a letter came to the Executive from the celebrated John Eandolph, sealed with his armorial seal, and bearing the Latin motto, " Fari quae sentiat" — three words from Horace, signifying " to speak one's mind," or what one may think. The Secretary, being a college- learnt man, was appealed to, to translate the motto. It would not do to seem to be at fault, or at any loss about it — although, from the ob soleteness of the word "fari," a better scholar than Col. Carrigain might have been pardoned some little hesitation. The Secretary took the letter, wholly at a loss about the true rendering of the motto — but, in his rapid way, at once replied, " Fari quae sentiat — Fari quae sentiat — yes, your Excellency, a fine motto — a very fine motto — very characteristic of Mr. Randolph." " Well, what is the English of it, Mr. Secretary ?" says Gov. Langdon. " 0, yes, your Excellency — Fari quae sentiat — yes, the English — yes, very fine motto, very pat riotic, very characteristic of Mr. Randolph. It is, your Excellency, 598 HISTORY OF CONCORD. ' My God and- my Country !' " The sentiment was thereupon pass ed round the Council Board as a very fine one — and " the Secretary stood alone," as he will always stand, in his translation of it. Mr. Carrigain, about 1799, built the large house at the North end, now owned by Robert E. Pecker and Jonathan E. Lang. Tradition says that about that time he was disposed to pay his addresses to the daughter of Pres. John Wheelock, of Dartmouth College, and that his large anticipations had some influence in determining the size of the house. He was never able to finish it, and for many years eld erly people spake of it as " Carrigain's Folly." His remains were interred in the old burying-ground, and remained several years with out a monument; when, by means of a subscription by friends, a handsome white marble one was erected, bearing the simple in scription : Hon. Philip Carbig aim. Formerly Secretary of State, ' AMD Author of the Map of New-Hampshire, Died March 15, 1842, 'Mt. 70. GOV. DAVID LAWRENCE MORRIL. Gov. Morril came to this town from Goffstown, in 1831, and re mained a highly respected and useful citizen until his death, Jan uary 27, 1849, aged 76 years. He was born in Epping, N. H., June 10, 1772 — son of Samuel Morril, a native of Wilmington, Mass., and son of Rev. Isaac Morril, of that place. Gov. Morril's father married Anna Lawrence, only daughter of David Lawrence, Esqr, of Epping, who had two children, David L. and Samuel. Few men in the State ever sustained more numerous, various and important offices than Gov. Morril. Having pursued preparatory studies with his grandfather, in Wilmington, and at Exeter Academy, he commenced the study of medicine, and entered into practice at Epsom, in 1793. In 1799 he experienced a great change in his religious feelings, and in 1800 studied divinity with Rev. Jesse Remington, of Candia. In 1802 he was ordained pastor of the church in Goffstown, but resigned his charge in 1811, and resumed the practice of medicine. In 1808 he was elected representative for Goffstown to the General Court, and reelected each year till 1817. In June, 1816, he was speaker of the House ; and the same session was chosen to the Senate of the United States for six years, and was a member during the excitement attending what is called the Mis souri Compromise. In 1823 he was elected a member of the New- Hampshire Senate, and was president of that body. He was elected governor of New-Hampshire in 1824, by the Legislature, and the three following years chosen governor by tbe people. In 1825 he had 30.167 votes, out of 30.770 which were cast. Gov. Morril re ceived the honorary degree of M. D. and A. M. from Dartmouth College, and of LL. D. from the University of Vermont. He was BIOGRAPHICAL. 599 president of the Hillsborough County Agricultural Society, of the New-Hampshire Missionary Society, of the New-Hampshire Coloniza tion Society, of the American Doctrinal Tract and Book Society, and of the New-Hampshire Branch of the American Education Society, and vice-president of the American Bible Society, of the American Sunday School Union, and of the American Home Missionary Society. The following are publications of Gov. Morril : A concise letter, on the subject of baptism, addressed to Rev. D. Merrill, 1806 ; two funeral sermons, 1811, 1819; oration, July 4, 1815; a discourse before the Grand Lodge of New-Hampshire, 1819 ; a sermon on divine decrees, the divine glory, and moral agency, Luke 22 : 22 ; observations on Genesis 3 : 4, 13 — thoughts on Rev. 20 : 10,. printed in the Hopkinsian Magazine, published at Providence, R. I., 1828. September 25, 1794, Gov. Morril married for his first wife Jane Wallace, of Epsom, who died December 14, 1823, aged 53 years, leaving no child. August 3, 1824, he married for his second wife Lydia Poor, of Goffstown, by whom he had four sons, viz., David L., who died in infancy; David L., a graduate of Dartmouth College in 1847, now in the practice of law in West Brookfield, Mass. ; Samuel, a physician, and William H. During his residence in Concord, after 1831, Gov. Morril did not engage in public life* but retained his active and industrious habits to the last. At one time he was connected with a company in pub lishing the Scriptures, and was two years editor of the New-Hamp shire Observer. He carefully superintended the education of his sons ; was strongly attached to the Calvinistic doctrines of religion, and at the time of his death was a member of the South Congrega tional Church in Concord. He died of paralysis, after a sickness of about eight days, expressing hope in the mercy of God, through Jesus Christ, of a blessed immortality. ABIEL CHANDLER. Abiel Chandler is known as the distinguished benefactor of Dart mouth College, by a legacy of fifty thousand dollars, " for the estab lishment and support of a permanent department, or school of in struction in said College, in the practical and useful arts of life." He was, also, the patron of the New-Hampshire Asylum for the Insane, in his lifetime, by the gift of a convenient carriage for the benefit of the inmates ; and in his will, by a legacy amounting to about twenty-five thousand dollars. Mr. Chandler was a son of Daniel, and grandson of Capt. John Chandler, one of the original proprietors. His mother was Sarah Merrill, daughter of Dea. John Merrill. His parents were poor. Abiel was born February 26, 1777, in a house which stood just west of Richard Bradley's, on or near the spot where Hamilton Perkins, Esq., has recently built a beautiful residence. An apple tree, within a rod of the new house — which may justly be called the " Chandler tree" — grew up in the cellar of the old house, after it was removed. Robert Bradley, Esq., of Fryeburg, says " he was well acquainted with 600 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Abiel Chandler when a boy ; that Abiel was remarkable in childhood for a steady, persevering purpose; that his father, John Bradley, used to say that Abiel was the best Chandler boy he ever knew ; he would hoe in a field all day, without stopping, or looking up ; when a boy he acted like a man." Having observed these traits in young Chandler, John Bradley, Esq., who, with Jonathan Eastman, owned, extensive tracts of land in Maine, offered to give Abiel forty acres, in the township of Stowe, near to Chatham, provided he would go there and settle. This he accepted, at about the age of twenty-one. Working on his farm in summer, Abiel went in the fall and winter to the academy in Fryeburg, then under the instruction of Paul Langdon, of Portsmouth. Here he became acquainted with two gentlemen, graduates of Dartmouth College ; and hearing them con verse and discuss subjects in a style superior to what he was capable of, the thought occurred, " Why may not I obtain an education and be able to converse as well as they 1" Advising with his teacher, he sold his farm aud commenced preparation for college, which he com pleted, partly at Fryeburg and partly at Exeter. On entering Har vard College John Bradley, Esq., became bondsman for the payment of his bills. Graduating in 1806, he taught the grammar school in Salem, Mass., about eleveD years; spent a year afterwards in Balti more, then became a commission merchant in Boston, in the firm of Chandler & Howard, and afterwards of Chandler, Howard & Co., where, by his industry, integrity and perseverance, he acquired wealth and distinction. In May, 1827, he married Dorcas Sargent, a daughter of Eppes Sargent, Esq., of Boston, who died, without issue, in 1837. Retiring from active business in 1845, he located himself in Walpole, N. H., where he died, March 21, 1851, aged 74 years. Having in his last will given numerous legacies to nephews and nieces, residing mostly in Concord and in Fryeburg, Me., and vicin ity, many of whom were poor or in moderate circumstances ; and making, also, generous legacies to the relations of his wife, and to particular friends, he left the residue of his estate to Dartmouth Col lege and to the Asylum for the Insane in New-Hampshire, — amount ing, as stated above, in all, to seventy-five thousand dollars. The Scientific School which he established at Dartmouth College is now in successful operation. The gentlemen who were appointed by Mr. Chandler executors of his will, and " visitors" of the school, are John James Maxwell and Francis Brown Hayes, Esqs., of Bos ton, who were also Mr. Chandler's personal friends. GOV. ISAAC HILL. Among the men who were not natives, but for a long time citizens of Concord, few have rendered their names more conspicuous in the affairs of the town and of the State, than Isaac Hill. The following tribute to his memory appeared in the New-Hampshire Patriot the week following his death; which occurred at Washington, on the 2fe^^ ^^ BIOGRAPHICAL. 601 22d of March, 1851,* of catarrhal consumption, at the age of 63 years. Isaac Hill was born in a part of Cambridge, Mass., which is now included in the town of Somerville, on the 6th of April, 1788. His parents were poor, and his advantages for obtaining an education were exceedingly limited. In 1798, when he was ten years of age, his parents removed to Ashburnham, where they had purchased a small farm. And here he had little schooling and much hard work for four years, when, at the age of fourteen, in 1802, he was apprenticed to Joseph Cushing, Esq., now of Baltimore, who had just commenced the publication of the Amherst Cabinet. At that office he laid the foundation of his future fortune; for there he acquired those habits of industry, frugality and perseverance, to which all his success in life is attributable. He there, also, while working at the case and in the evenings after hard days' labor, acquired what little knowledge of books he possessed when he commenced business for himself. He served a seven years' apprenticeship in that office, and left it at 21 years of age, in April, 1809, with a reputation for honesty, sobriety, industry and fidelity which is better than gold to a young man. He came immediately to Concord. Six months before this, in October, 1808, Mr. William Hoit had established here a newspaper called the "American Patriot/'f Prominent members of the Republican party here advised Mr. Hill to. purchase that establishment and become the editor and publisher of the paper. This he did immediately, and two weeks after the expiration of his apprenticeship at Amherst, on the 18th of April, 1809, he issued the first number of the New-Hamp shire Patriot. This paper was the acknowledged organ of the Republican party, and the ablest men of that party aided and encouraged its young editor, and constantly contributed to its columns. Its circulation increased, its influence grew, and in a few short years its circulation and patronage exceeded those of any paper in the State, and the in fluence of the paper and. its editor became immense. Mr. Hill edited the Patriot twenty years, and during that time he was twice chosen clerk of the State Senate; was once elected a Rep resentative from the town of Concord, and was elected to the State Senate in 1820, 1821, 1822, and 1827. In 1828 Mr. Hill was the Democratic Republican candidate for U. S. Senator, and received the votes of the members of his party ; but the opposition had a major ity in the Legislature, and Gov. Samuel Bell was elected. In 1829, soon after Gen. Jackson entered upon the duties of the Presidency, he appointed Mr. Hill to the office of Second Comptroller of the Treasury Department, and he entered upon the duties of that office on the '21st of March, in that year. The Patriot soon after passed into the hands of Horatio Hill & Co., Gov. Hill still retaining an interest in it, until July, of that year, when Col. Barton took the edi torial charge of it. * The article I have somewhat abridged, but retained all the facts. t Mr. Huit, called " Veteran Hoit," died December 28, 1854. The printers of Concord have erected a monument to his memory. 602 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Mr. Hill held the office of Comptroller until April, 1830, and dis charged its duties faithfully, ably, and to the entire satisfaction of the eminent patriot and statesman then at the head of the Government, whose confidence and friendship he enjoyed until the day of his death. His nomination was rejected by the Senate, and he then of course retired from tbe office. This act, though humiliating to the pride of Mr. Hill, was in fact a fortunate circumstance to him. He returned to New-Hampshire, where his popularity was unbounded; and at the next session of the Legislature was triumphantly elected to the U. S. Senate for six years; and on the 4th of March, 1831, he took his seat in that body among the men who had just sought to disgrace him by rejecting his nomination to the office of Comptroller. Mr. Hill was an able and devoted supporter there of the adminis tration of Gen. Jackson, and a faithful representative of bis State. He remained in that body about five years ; when, in 1836, having been elected to the office of Governor of New-Hampshire by the un precedented majority of nearly 9000 votes, he resigned the post of Senator to enter upon the office of Chief Magistrate of his State. He was reelected Governor in 1837, and again in 1838 ; and in June, 1839, he retired to private life, having discharged the duties of the office of Governor, as he had those of the other offices which he had held, to the eminent satisfaction of his constituents. In 1840, upon the passage of the Independent Treasury law, Mr. Hill was appointed by President Van Buren to the office of Sub- Treasurer at Boston, which he held until March, 1841, when he was removed by the administration of Harrison and Tyler. From that time Mr. Hill has been in private life. In 1840, in connection with his two oldest sons, he established "Hill's N. H. Patriot," which they published and edited until 1847, when that pa per was united with tbe Patriot. He also published and edited the Farmer's Monthly Visiter, an agricultural paper, for some ten years, which was esteemed a very useful and interesting journal by those to whose interests it was devoted. During the last fifteen years he had devoted much attention to agriculture, and had been engaged in that business on a very extensive scale. We have thus hastily and imperfectly noticed the prominent events of Gov. Hill's life. Few men in this country have exerted so great an influence over the people of their State as he has over those of New-Hampshire. He possessed great native talent, indomitable energy, industry and perseverance. As a political editor he had few equals, and his reputation in that field extended throughout the coun try. " In all the private and social relations of life," it is truly said by the Boston Traveller, " he was kind and amiable. As a friend and neighbor, he was highly esteemed and always ready to do a favor." As a son, a husband, a brother and a father, he has left a reputation honorable to himself, and which will cause his memory to be cher ished in the grateful recollections of the numerous relatives to whom he has ever been the best of friends and protectors. Although afflicted for many years with a painful disease, exerting at times an unfa- ,>,**; ,^^/^/C^z^^ JL2SHE, 3SW 5? SHIES' BIOGRAPHICAL. 603 vorable influence upon his equanimity, yet we believe " the sober second thought " of those who reflect upon his past history and ser vices and trials, will accord with what we have said of his estimable private character and his naturally kind and amiable disposition. And now that his spirit has gone to another, and, we trust, a better world, the unkindness engendered by political and personal differences will be forgotten, the faults and errors of the dead will be forgiven, and our thoughts will rest only upon his many private virtues and eminent public services. The last sickness of Mr. Hill was of about five weeks' duration. During the last two weeks his eldest son was with him. His remains were brought to Concord, and his funeral took place on the 27th of March, at the residence of his family. Mr. Hill has left a wife and three sons, all of age, besides numer ous collateral relatives. MR. ABEL HUTCHINS. Mr. Abel Hutchins, whose likeness adorns the preceding page, was extensively and favorably known as the proprietor, for many years, of the Phenix hotel. Mr. Hutchins was a son of Col. Gordon Hutch ins,* born in Harvard, Mass., March 16, 1763 ; served an appren ticeship with Mr. Willard, brass-founder and clock-maker, in Roxbu ry, Mass., and married Miss Elizabeth Partridge, of that town, Jan uary 22, 1786. He then removed to Concord, where he remained till his decease, April 4, 1853. In connection with his elder brother, Levi, he carried on the business of his trade till about 1819 — furnish ing the public with large clocks, of the best manufacture, and noted as good time-keepers, — of which specimens are still seen in some of the ancient families. On the 25th of November, 1818, his dwelling- house was burnt down.f On the 1st of January, 1819, he opened the Phenix hotel, which establishment he ever conducted to the entire satisfaction of its guests, scattered all along the line from Bos ton to Canada. In the year 1832, by reason of increasing years, he surrendered his tavern to his son, Ephraim, and retired to a private dwelling on State street, where he spent the remainder of his life in tranquility ; cultivating his garden, and taking a walk, with staff in hand, and spectacles on, to the old tavern stand, for the purpose of meeting old friends and obtaining the news of the day. On the 29th of March, 1853, his wife, who had long been an invalid, died, aged 85. This bereavement bad a perceptible effect on Mr. Hutchins. He attended the funeral of his wife, but on the following Monday, awaking from his usual sleep after dinner, complained of a difficulty in his throat. Temporary relief was obtained, but in the evening he became worse, and, between nine and ten, almost before any alarm was created in the minds of his children, who were at his bedside, he expired without a struggle. The burial services took place on Thursday afternoon, the day of the annual fast, and were attended in the Unitarian church by a numerous assembly. The Rev. Augustus * See pp. 365-372-374, and " Hutchins family." f See History, p. 374. 604 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Woodbury, pastor of the society of which Mr. Hutchins was a mem ber, preached an appropriate discourse from Job 5 : 26 : " Thou shait come to thy grave in full age, like as a shock of corn cometh in his season." The masonic fraternity, of which Mr. Hutchins was a member, were also in attendance, dressed in their regalia, and the front of the Phenix Hotel was draped in mourning. Mr. Hutchins was a large, portly man, about six feet in height, of fair complexion — a little florid — blue eyes, and, on account of being near sighted, always wore spectacles. Attached himself to the' Mrhig party, his hotel became the common boarding place of the Whig members of the Legislature ; but in it all men, of all parties and sects, received impartial attention and good entertainment.* No. 3. ECCLESIASTICAL. A SUCCINCT ACCOUNT, IN THE ORDER OF THEIR RISE, OF THE SEVERAL CHURCHES AND RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS IN CONCORD, WITH BRIEF SKETCHES OF MINISTERS. FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. This church was formed November 18, 1730, of eight members, including Rev. Timothy Walker, who was the same day ordained pastor. The history of this church, until 1825, is incorporated with that of the town, and has been given already at sufficient length in preceding pages. From its first organization till the present time it has been distinguished for harmony and steadfastness. During the ministry of Rev. Dr. Bouton, up to the present time, there have been added to the church 662 members, of whom 197 were received on recommendation, and 465 on profession.f In April, 1833, at the request of members residing in the West Parish, twenty-seven males and sixty-one females were dismissed and recommended, to be organized into a new Congregational church, there located. In November, 1836, sixty-seven members, viz., twen ty-two males and forty-five females, were, at their request, dismissed and recommended, for the purpose of constituting a new Congrega tional church at the south part of Concord main ' village ; and in March, 1842, forty-four members, living on the east side of the river — fourteen males and thirty females — requested to be dis missed and recommended, to be organized into a new Congregational * See " Hutchins family." t See, for further particulars, Church Records, and printed Discourse on the twenty-fifth anniversary of his ordination, 1850. ECCLESIASTICAL. 605 church in that section, which request was also granted. These suc cessive changes — all which took place harmoniously, and with the hearty consent of the First church — reduced its members from about 540 to 252. In 1842 a new meeting-house was built for the use of the First Congregational church and society, which was dedicated November 23, 1842, and public worship on the Sabbath commenced November 27. The house has since been enlarged. Previous to which time — October 27 and 28 — a farewell service was held by the four Congregational churches in the old North meeting-house, at which the pastors of the several churches were present and took a part. About 550 communicants of the four sister churches then partook together of the Lord's Supper. It is believed that public worship on the Sabbath has never failed to be observed by this church since- its first organization in 1730. No difficulty has ever existed in it which required the advice and action of an ecclesiastical council. Its pastors who have deceased are all interred in the old burying- ground, and the average ministry of the pastors, till the present time, is about twenty-nine years.* In the First Church the following persons have officiated as dea cons, viz. : Elected. Died. Age. John Merrill, December 17, 1730. Ephraim Farnum August, 1731 1775 .... 80 Joseph HaU. George Abbot, 1746 1784 .... 77 John Kimball, September, 1789. . . . 1817 . . ^ . 78 David Hall, September, 1789. . . . 1821 .... 82 Joseph Hall, September, 1789. . . . 1807 .... 70 Jonathan Wilkins September, 1811. . . . 1830 .... 75 Abiel Rolfe, September, 1811. . . . 1840 .... 59 Thomas W. Thompson, . . . July, 1818 1821 .... 56 Nathaniel Ambrose, July, 1818 1849 .... 85 Nathan Ballard, Jr., 1818, resigned. Samuel Fletcher, 1825, dismissed to South church. Ira Rowell, 1829, dismissed to West church. James Moulton, Jr., 1829. John B. Chandler, 1833, dismissed to South church. Samuel Morril, 1837. Ezra Ballard, 1837, resigned. Abner B. Kelly, 1842, dismissed to church in Warner. Benjamin Farnum, 1844. Nineteen members of the First church have become ministers of the Gospel, viz. : James Scales, f Timothy Walker, Jr.,f Ephraim Abbot, George H. Hough, David Kimball, James Walker,f Joshua T. Russell,f Jeremiah Glines, Samuel G. Tenney, William Clark, ?The present pastor is a native of Norwalk, Conn. ; son of William and Sarah Bouton, and the youngest of fourteen children — bom June 30, 1799. At the age of 16 he united with the Congregational church in Bridgeport, Conn., under the care of Rev. Elijah Waterman ; fitted for college chiefly with Hawley Olmstead, Esq., of Wilton, Conn,, now of New- Haven. A graduate of Yale, in 1821, and of Andover Theological Seminary in 1824. He married for his first wife, Miss Harriet Sherman, [see page 404,] who died leaving two children ; for his second wife, Miss Mary Ann P. Belt, who deceased, [see page -143,] leaving five children ; for his third wife. Miss Elizabeth Ann Cilley, eldest daughter of the late Horatio G. Cilley, of Deerfield, who has had six children, of whom the three youngest have deceased. f Deceased. 606 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Henry Wood, Moses Kimball, Henry S. G. French, (deceased,) Horace Herrick, John LeBosquet, Luther Farnum, Ezra E. Adams, William A. Patten, Ezekiel Dow. FRIENDS' MEETING.* " A few individuals in Concord, having become convinced of the truth as professed by Friends, a meeting for religious worship was set up by Weare Monthly Meeting the 24th of 10th month, 1805, which was to be under the care of, and subordinate to that meeting. The meeting was held for a time in the dwelling-house of Ruth Turner and Sarah Sweatt. In 1814 a lot of land was purchased where the State House now stands, and Friends at Concord, with the assistance of Weare Monthly Meeting, and a donation from William Rotch, of New-Bedford, erected a meeting-house on the same. ' This lot, being considered a desirable location for the State House, it was sold, and their house removed to a lot given to the Friends for that purpose by Benjamin Hannaford, at the North end. In 1840 the members of that meeting, having many of them removed to other parts, and several of them deceased, it was concluded to discontinue the meeting, and the house was sold to the inhabitants of the school district in which it stood, for a school-house. ¦)• " Following are the names of persons who composed the meeting at different times : Ruth Turner and her daughter Lucy; Sarah Sweatt and her children, Mary E. and Benjamin ; Lydia Dunlap, Sarah Arlin; Levi Hutchins, and Phebe, his wife, and children, Ruth, Anna, Harriet, Mary, Lucy, William, Ednah and Samuel; Elizabeth Yates, one of the family ; Betbiah Ladd and her son, Wil liam M. ; Abel Houghton and wife, Sarah, and children, Seba, Abel, Nestor, Mary, Sarah, Lydia and George j Daniel Cooledge and wife, Ruth, and children, Phebe, George F. and William P. ; James San born and wife, Mary, and children, Nestor H., Sarah E. H., Mari- anna M., Caroline A. and Charles H.; Josiah Rogers and wife, Sarah, and children, Sarah and Dana ; Israel Hoag and wife, Abigail, and children, Martha and Mary ; Ruth Hazeltine and her children, William, Lucy F., John C. and Timothy ; Thomas W. Thorndike and wife, Ruth G., and children, Henry, John, Wilson, Mary, Charles H., Lucy P. and Anna D. " Several others have attended the meeting at different times who had not a permanent settlement here." EPISCOPAL CHURCH. Worship according to the Liturgy of the Episcopal church was commenced in this town in 1817, at which time a few individuals "agreed, and did associate and form themselves into an Episcopal church and congregation, under the name and style of St. Thomas' chapel." The agreement was signed by eighteen individuals, of * Furnished by Thomas W. Thorndike, now of Weare. t The building is occupied for the primary department' in School District No. 11, in the rear of the brick school-house. ECCLESIASTICAL. 607 whom eleven were heads of families. In 1818 the Rev. Charles Burroughs was appointed rector, and occasionally officiated ; occasional services were also conducted by Rev. Messrs. Andrews and Searle, 1817, '18, '19; and in 1819 to 1823 by Rev. John L. Blake, who was appointed rector. During a part of the first year of the formation of the society, public worship was attended in the hall over the Concord Bank ; subsequently, about two years in the town hall, and afterwards a chapel was fitted up over a store, called the " Green store," standing where the American House now stands. Rev. Mr. Blake leaving here in 1823 the meetings of the society were discontinued, except occasionally, until July, 1835, when a new organ ization was formed and subscribed by twelve individuals, under the name and style of the " Wardens and Vestry of St. Paul's church," and the Rev. Moses B. Chase, of Hopkinton, chosen rector, who officiated here a part of the time for one year. In 1836 the committee for Domestic Missions constituted this place a missionary station, and the Rev. P. S. Ten Broeck was invited to accept the appointment of missionary, (which he did for two years,) and to become the rector. Mr. Ten Broeck officiated here until October, 1844. In 1836 a subscription was started, to procure funds for buUding a church edifice, in which the late John West, Esq., took an active part. He suddenly deceased, on the 17th of October of that year, aged 48. In 1838 the effort was successfully renewed by a committee, consisting of Albe Cady, Leavitt C. Virgin and Isaac Hill, and on the 1st of January, 1840, the present church edifice was dedicated by the venerable Bishop Griswold, who, on the follow ing day, instituted the Rev. Mr. Ten Broeck the rector of the parish. On the 6th of July, 1843, Albe Cady, Esq., for many years senior warden of the church, deceased, aged 73. Mr. Cady was one of the first movers (1817) in the effort to establish the services of the Protestant Episcopal Church in this town. In the absence of a reotor he usually read the service on the Sabbath. He was highly esteemed for his integrity as a man and his usefulness as a citizen. His death was deeply deplored by the church, to which he was ardently attached. Mr. Ten Broeck having resigned his charge in October, 1844, the Rev. Dairus R. Brown succeeded him the 24th of November, of the same year. The number of communicants in the church in June, 1845, was forty-five ; the number of the families in the parish, thirty, and the number of persons attending public worship, from one hun dred to one hundred and fifty. Mr. Brown resigned in 1846, having accepted an invitation to Newport, R. I. He was succeeded imme diately by the Rev. Thomas Leaver, who deceased, after a short ill ness, on the 23d of December, 1847, aged 33 years. Mr. Leaver was born in Slough, in the county of Buckingham, Eng., January 23, 1815. His parents were members of the Church of England. In early youth he became connected with the Baptist denomination, and at the age of about 20 he entered Stepney College with the view of preparing himself to labor in the missionary field. In 1837 he went to the Bahamas, to join the Baptist mission in those islands. 608 HISTORY OF CONCORD. After laboring there about two years he came to this country, and was settled over a Baptist church in Newport, R. I., where, enjoying the confidence and affection of the people, he remained till 1846, when he felt constrained by convictions of duty to resign his charge, and, after a suitable time of study, to offer himself as a candidate for the ministry of the Episcopal church. He was ordained deacon by Bishop Henshaw, in Zion church, Newport, in August, 1846, and about three months afterward came to Concord, where he preached just one year. During the brief period of Mr. Leaver's ministry he proved himself a faithful shepherd, and his death was a deep affliction to the parish. His funeral sermon was preached by the bishop of the diocese, Rev. Carlton Chase, D. D. The ministers of the town attended as bearers. His remains were interred in the old burying- ground in Concord, and a suitable monument has been erected over them by the Baptist church in Newport, of which he was formerly pastor, and who claimed this privilege as an opportunity of testifying - their unabated love of his memory. Mr. Leaver left a wife and five children, who, having the sympathies of the entire community, still continue their residence in the place. On the 27th of February, 1848, the present rector, Rev. Newton E. Marble, D. D.,*was elected; at which time the number of com municants was forty-four, and the number of families thirty-three. "At this present time the condition of the parish is very encourag ing — free from debt, with a church edifice in excellent repair, and an increasing congregation. It may be regarded as permanently es tablished.'' Relative to Rev. Mr. Ten Broeck, whose services in the ministry of the church here closed in 1844, it will be interesting to his nu merous friends to add, that Mr. Ten Broeck was born in Albany, N. Y., January 26, 1792, and was baptized in the old Dutch Reformed church by the Rev. Mr. Westilow. He was a lineal descendant, on his mother's side, of the last Dutch governor of New- York, Peter Stuyvesant, 1647. His parents removing to New- York city, he there pursued preparatory studies. He graduated at Columbia College; studied theology with the Rev. Nathaniel Bowen, D. D., and was ad mitted to deacon's orders June 30, 1816, in St. Anne's church, Brooklyn, N. Y. In 1817 he was rector of Trinity church, in Fish- kill, and had charge also of St. Philip's church, at Philipstown, and of St. Peter's church, in Peekskill, N. Y. In 1818 he was chosen to the rectorship of St. Paul's church, in Portland, Me., in which place he married Miss Lucretia M., daughter of the Hon. Levi Cut ter, of that city. Resigning his charge in 1831 he subsequently officiated at Cape Elizabeth, in Falmouth, and at Saccarappa, in the town of Westbrook, Me. His next field of ministerial labor was Concord, where he continued from 1836 to 1844. Resigning his charge on account of impaired health, he purchased a beautiful resi dence in Danvers, Mass., whither he removed with his family, and remained without parochial charge, but preaching occasionally, as he * See "Parker Family." Mr. Marble was graduated at Dartmouth College in 1834. ECCLESIASTICAL. 609 was able, until his death, which occurred January 21, 1849. In the funeral discourse preached by the Bishop of Massachusetts, the char acter of Mr. Ten Broeck was set forth in the following words : " He failed not, in dispensing the Gospel, to declare to his hearers those cardinal doctrines, of man's fallen condition by nature ; his need of the new birth by the Spirit, and the great doctrine of justification by faith in Christ. By his life, moreover, he commended what he taught."* METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. There had been occasional preaching by the Methodist preachers appointed in the Pembroke circuit, from 1816 to 1822. Mr. Phil brick Bradley, on the Mountain, was the first man who opened his door for these meetings. In 1822 a class was formed in the vicinity of Stickney hill, by Rev. Jotham Horton and Ezekiel W. Stickney. Meetings were mostly held in school-houses and private dwellings. For quarterly meetings the town hall was occupied. The first legal society was organized in 1825, and Rev. John Brodhead, a member of the Legislature from Newmarket, frequently preached here. In July, 1830, Concord became a station, and Rev. Samuel Kelley was the first stationed preacher ; at which time there were two small classes — one at Stickney Hill, and the other on the east side of the river — both numbering less than twenty -five mem bers, scattered ten miles apart. Mr. Kelley also officiated as chaplain at the State Prison, and was allowed one dollar a Sabbath for his services there, — his whole compensation in town for the year being about one hundred and sixty dollars. During the year 1830 the present Methodist church, or chapel, was built. At the close of the year there were thirty-four members in church. Mr. Kelley was reappointed in 1831, but his health failing, his place was supplied by Rev. D. J. Robinson and others. The other preachers stationed in Concord since 1831, are Rev. John G. Dow, 1832 ; George Storrs, 1833 - 4 ; Samuel Hoyt, 1835 ; James W. Mowry, 1836; James M. Fuller, 1837-8; William H. Hatch, 1839-40; John Jones, 1841-2; Converse L. McCurdy, 1843 ; Eleazer Smith, f 1844 ; C C. Burr, 1845 ; Ebenezer Peaslee, 1846 - 7 ; Charles Adams, 1848. Mr. Adams was a Professor in the Biblical Institute. Frederic A. Hewes, 1850 - 1 ; Warren F. Evans, 1852-3; Samuel Kelley, 1854-5. Stationed here again, after an •To the note on the preceding page should be added that Rev. Dr. Marble was born al Bradford, MasB., Sept. 1, 1808. After graduating, in 1834, he was preceptor of Hampton Academy, and of Franklin Academy, in Dover; in 1838, was instructor in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy in the Classical Institute at Peterborough, Va., and subsequently Princi pal of the same ; studied Theology in the Protestant Episcopal Seminary in New-York, and afterwards in Philadelphia; admitted to Deacon's Orders Sept. 7, 1843; to Priest's Orders in 1844; was minister of Trinity Church, in Bridgewater, Mass., till May, 1845, when elected Eector of Christ's Church, Salmon-Falls; was Principal of a Classical School in Taunton, Mass., in 1846; married Sarah H., daughter of Asa Freeman, Esq., of Dover, 1847; and elected Rector of St. Paul's Church, in Concord, in 1848. t Rev. Mr. Smith's health failed towards the close of the first year; and after partially recovering, he received tha appointment of chaplain to the State Prison, and was annually reappointed until June, 1855. 39 610 HISTORY OF CONCORD. absence of twenty-two years : at the close of the'year 1854, he re turned two hundred and seven members and twenty-six probationers.* FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. On the 20th of May, 1818, a number of persons residing in Concord, and belonging to different Baptist churches, met at the house of Mr. Richard Swain, in said town, for the purpose of ascer taining what degree of fellowship existed among them in the faith and order of the gospel : and also to consider what were the prospects of forming a church agreeable to the principles and practice of the apostles of our Lord. After a free and full consideration of the first object before them, the following persons gave to each other an ex pression of their christian fellowship, viz., James Willey, John Hoit, Sarah Bradley, Deborah Elliot, Sally Swain and Nancy Whitney. On the 28th of the same month, the record says, "an adjourned session of the same meeting was held at the house of Mr. Nathaniel Parker, at which meeting three sisters related their Christian experi ence, and made a brief statement of their views of Christian doctrine, after which those present expressed to them their Christian fellow ship." The next act of that meeting was " to listen to the Christian expe rience of Mr. Oliver Hoit, and to agree to receive him to the fellow ship of the church, when he shall have been baptized." At this meeting brethren from the church in Bow were present by invitation, to advise in reference to the constitution of a church. The brethren, having examined the subject, unanimously advised this small band of disciples to embody and organize. On the 23d of September, 1818, a council of neighboring churches was held at the house of Rev. William Taylor, and a church was constituted, of fourteen members. The public services on the occasion were attended at the " Green house." Elder Gibson preached; Elder Robinson gave the hand of fellowship, and Elder Veasey offered prayer. The church edifice was erected in 1825, and was opened for relig ious worship January, 1826.J The house stands on land given by tbe late Col. William A. Kent, on State street, and was originally seventy feet long and fifty wide, containing seventy-two pews on the floor, and thirty in the galleries. In 1835 it was remodeled, and eight more pews added. In 1845 the house was enlarged by tbe addition of twenty feet to the north end ; the galleries removed ; modern windows inserted, and the whole inside newly finished. The house * Mr. Kelley was a native of Salem, N. H., bom February 1, 1802. His father, Richard Kelley, was out one campaign in the Revolutionary war ; bis mother was a adughter of Rev Samuel Fletcher, of the Baptist denomination. Samuel was the youngest of ten children. At the age of eighteen he professed religion. After studying a while at Atkinson and New market academies, in 1822, he entered the travelling ministry, and has since spent the most of his time in New-Hampshire and Vermont; having been stationed in LandarT, Sutton, Deerinc, Sandwich, Gilmanton, Newmarket, Concord, Nashua, Portsmouth, Great Falls, Dover, Manchester and Bristol, in this State, and at Athens, Newbury, Montpelier and Dan ville, Vt. t An excellent representation of the house and chapel is given on the opposite page. 612 HISTORY OF CONCORD. is furnished with an excellent organ, a clock, and a chandlier lighted with gas. Rev. William Taylor was settled as pastor of the church at its con stitution, and continued in that relation until January, 1826, when he was succeeded by Rev. Nathaniel W. Williams. In April, 1831, Mr. Williams requested a dismission ; and, after being destitute of a settled minister for six months, the church invited Rev. Ebenezer E. Cummings, then of Salisbury, to become their pastor, and he was settled March, 1832. During the ministry of Rev. Mr. Taylor, a period of seven years, the church admitted to its fellowship thirty members. During the ministry of Rev. Mr. Williams, a period of five years and a half, fifty-four were added. On the settlement of Rov. Mr. Cummings the church numbered one hundred. During his ministry, a period of nearly eighteen years, the number of members added was about six hundred. The whole number of members, December 1, 1849, was two hundred and eighty-four. Rev. Mr. Cummings having received a call to enter another field of labor, resigned his charge in May, 1850, and was succeeded by Rev. Charles W. Flanders, from Bev erly, Mass., who was installed January 13, 1851. In the year 1853 a beautiful and commodious chapel was built, and dedicated with appropriate services on the evening of December 1. In 1854 the meeting-house, for the third time, was improved more extensively and at a greater expense than at any former time. A new bell has since been added, and the house, which is well repre sented by the accompanying cut, may be regarded as one of the best in the State. Under the ministry of the present pastor the church is in a flourishing condition, and numbers two hundred and eighty- eight.* The first pastor, Rev. William Taylor, to whose labors and wise counsels the church must ever be greatly indebted, died in School craft, Mich., June 7, 1852, aged 68. Rev. Nathaniel West Wil liams was a man of singular prudence and knowledge of human nature. In younger life he had followed the sea, and was captain of a vessel. He was sound in doctrine ; an instructive and impressive preacher ; a faithful pastor, and an exemplary Christian. He died in Boston May 27, 1853, aged 69. The following persons have served as deacons in this church, viz. : James Willey,| William Gault,f Charles P. Crockett,f Benjamin Damon, John A. Gault, f and Abraham Prescott. THE SECOND CONGREGATIONAL, OR UNITAEIAN SOCIETY.^ The Second Congregational ( Unitarian ) Society in Concord, was formed on the 8th of August, 1827. The Society worshipped in * Charles Worthen Flanders, son of Joseph and Anna Flanders, was born in Salisbury, Mass., February 9, 1807; was married to Mary H. L. O'Brien, of Boston, May 14,1846; graduated at Brown University in 1639 ; passed his theological course under the instruction of Rev. John Wayland, then pastor of the First Baptist church in Salem, Mass. His first settlement was ever the First Baptist church in Beverly, Mass., where he was pastor ten years. His second settlement was over the First Baptist church in this city. t Deceased. J Furnished by Col. William Kent. ECCLESIASTICAL. 613 the court room of the town hall until the completion of their meet ing-house, which was dedicated on the 13th of November, 1829. Rev. Moses G. Thomas, who had for a few Sabbaths preached as a candidate, was invited to settle with the Society as their pastor. He accepted the invitation, and was ordained on the 25th of February, 1829. The services of ordination took place in the North meeting house, which was kindly offered to the Society. A church was gathered the same day, consisting of 8 members, since which time to the present there have been added 169. Rev. Mr. Thomas continued as pastor until the first of April, 1844, a period of fifteen years, when he was dismissed at his own request. Rev. Mr. Tilden, now of Walpole, was engaged to supply the pul pit as pastor, whose labors extended to July, 1847 — a period of three years. The Society were without a stated pastor until the 1st of August, 1849, when Rev. Augustus Woodbury was ordained, who continued as pastor for a period of three years, and was dismissed at his. own request. Rev. Artemas B. Muzzey, of Cambridge, Mass., was installed as pastor on the 29th of March, 1854, and is the present pastor of the Society.* The church edifice of the Society was destroyed by fire on the 2d of November, 1854, caused by a defect in the gas pipes which had been previously introduced. The loss to the Society by the destruction of their church and organ was not less than §10.000. Notwithstanding this severe loss, the Society, with a commendable spirit, have subscribed the sum of $11,000, and a contract has been made for the erection of a new church on the same site, the land being a gift to the Society from the late Hon. William A. Kent. WEST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. Previous to 1832 all the people in the West Parish, of the Con gregational order, attended public worship at the old North meeting house. In November, 1831, it was decided to form a new religious society, and build a meeting-house in that section of the town. The house was completed and dedicated " to Almighty God — Father, Son and Holy Ghost" — January 15, 1833. Sermon by Rev. Mr. Bouton, from Gen. 13 : 8. On the first Sabbath in March, the same year, the Rev. Asa P. Tenney began his labors there as a candidate. While he was preaching in that capacity a request was presented to the First church, signed by twenty-seven males and sixty-one females residing in the west part of the town, for letters of dismission and recommendation, for the purpose of being organized into a new church, which request was granted unanimously. On the 23d of * Rev. Mr. Muzzey was born at Lexington, Mass., Sept. 31, 1802 ; son of Amos Muzzey and Lydia, formerly Boutelle, of Leominster, Mass. ; graduated at Harvard College, 1834, and studied at the Cambridge Theological School. Was licensed to preach July, 182S. He was ordained at Framingham, Mass., June 10, 1830 ; resigned in May. 1833. Was installed at Cambridgeport, Jan. 1, 1834, and resigned in May, 1846. Entered on pastoral office of " Lee Street Church," Cambridge, in July, 1846 ; resigned in March, 1854, and installed at Concord, March 2?, 1854. 614 HISTORY OF CONCORD. April, in the forenoon, the church was organized, composed of the aforesaid members. Rev. John M. Putnam preached, from Isaiah 40 : 31. In the afternoon Rev. Mr. Tenney was installed pastor. Rev. George Punchard, of Plymouth, preached from 1 Thes. 5 : 12, 13. Rev. Mr. Tenney still remains pastor of the church. His labors have been highly acceptable and useful. The church has steadily increased; but in some years there have been seasons of revival, in which large accessions have been made. From June to December, in 1833, the additions were twenty-nine; in 1834, twenty- nine; in 1838, thirty-six; in 1843, fifty-three were added. The whole number added after the organization of the church to the close of 1853, was two hundred and thirty-two — making in all, including eighty-nine at its organization, three hundred and twenty-one mem bers.* SOUTH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. In 1836, the First Congregational church and society having be come too numerous to be well accommodated in their house of worship, a number of individuals, residing in the southerly part of the village, procured a lot of land and erected a new house of worship at the corner of Main and Pleasant streets, about one mile south of the old house. At the dedication of the house, which was noticed in due order, (p. 437,) the exercises were : Invocation, by Rev. M. Kimball, Hop kinton ; the Reading of Scripture, by Rev. 0. G. Thatcher, Brad ford; Prayer, by Rev. J. Scales; Sermon, by Rev. N. Bouton; Dedicatory Prayer, by Rev. A. Burnham ; Concluding Prayer, by Rev, A. P. Tenney ; Benediction, by Rev. N. Bouton. The following original hymn, written by N. G. Upham, was sung on the occasion, to the tune of Old Hundred : DEDICATION HYMN. i. To thee, O God, with joy we raise, In these thy courts, our songs of praise, And dedicate this shrine to thee, Sacred, incarnate Mystery. n. So when thy chosen temple rose O'er Judea's land of fearful woes, Thy children met in gladness there, To consecrate thine house with prayer. m. And now, in Western lands afar, Led hither hy thy Bethlehem star, God of onr fathers ! while we here Erect thine altars, be thou near ! * Rev. Mr. Tenney was born in Cornish, Vt., February 4, 1801 — a son of Jonathan Tenney and Anna Bailey ; studied at Haverhill Academy, and read divinity with Rev. Grant Powers in Haverhill ; was settled in Hebron and Groton, April, 1828, where he remained five years. ECCLESIASTICAL. 615 Here be thy power and glory known By clouds of incense from thy throne : And here, the broken-hearted soul, At touch of thine, be rendered whole. v. These sacred symbols often prove To grateful hearts thy dying love ; And life's young hours with joy begin With sprinklings from thy crystal spring. VI. Here may thy banner wave abroad, Inscribed with " Holiness to the Lord ;" And peace and love long years to come, Make this our favored Gospel Home. In the autumn of that year sixty-seven members of the First church — twenty-two males and forty-five females. — asked and received a dismission, for the purpose of being formed into a new church, in connection with the new house. A council of neighboring churches was convened, by their pastors and delegates, February 1, 1837, and in the evening the church was organized in due form. Rev. Rufus A. Putnam read the Scriptures and invoked the divine blessing; Rev. Abraham Burnham prayed before sermon ; Rev. John M. Putnam preached ; Rev. N. Bouton propounded the Articles of Faith and Covenant ; Rev. Jacob Scales offered consecrating prayer; Rev. Asa P. Tenney gave the right- hand of fellowship, and Rev. Moses Kimball offered the concluding prayer. On the 20th of February, 1837, the church gave a call to Rev. Daniel J. Noyes, then tutor in Dartmouth College, to settle with them in the ministry. The call was accepted and Rev. Mr. Noyes ordained May 3, 1837. On this occasion Rev. Mr. Bouton preached the ser mon; Rev. William Patrick offered the ordaining prayer ; Rev. A. Burnham gave the charge; Rev. Asa P. Tenney gave the right- hand of fellowship, and Rev. Mr. Clement, of Chester, addressed the people. Rev. Mr. Noyes, having received the appointment of Philips Pro fessor of Divinity in Dartmouth College, resigned his charge, and his pastoral relation was dissolved October 10, 1849.* Under his min istry the church was highly prosperous — the number of members having increased to about two hundred and twenty. As successor to Mr. Noyes, Rev. Henry E. Parker, a native of Keene — a graduate of Dartmouth College in 1841, and of the Theo logical Seminary in New- York — received and accepted a call to settle. * Rev. Daniel J. Noyes was a native of Springfield, N. H. ; was born September 17, 1813; fitted lor college at Pembroke Academy, and graduated at Dartmouth in 1832 ; taught a part of the next year in the preparatory school of Caledonia College, Washington, D. C. ; com menced the study of theology at'Andover in 18-TJ ; was appointed tutor in Dartmouth College in 1835. Aftr resigning bis charge at Concord he entered on the duties of professor in col lege November 1, 1849. 616 HISTORY OF CONCORD. He was installed May 14, 1851, and remains still in office. The church now numbers two hundred and sixty-seven members ; sustains a highly flourishing Sabbath school, and abounds in works of benev olence to spread the Gospel.* EAST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. In the year 1841 a new house for public worship was erected on the east side of the Merrimack river, principally by members of the First Congregational church and society there residing. In March, 1842, a request was presented to the First church, signed by forty- four members residing in that part of the town, viz., fourteen males and thirty females — requesting letters of dismission and recom mendation, for the purpose of being organized into a new church, which request was granted. The East Congregational chnrch was organized by a council of neighboring churches, on the 30th of March, 1842, and Rev. Timothy Morgan, from the Theological Sem inary at Gilmanton, was engaged to supply the pulpit. Mr. Morgan continued his labors more than a year, and the church was consider ably enlarged. After closing his labors, Rev. Hiram Freeman was invited to settle, and he was ordained September 27, 1843. Rev. Mr. Freeman was highly acceptable and useful, but being deeply im pressed with the wants of our Western country, and of the impor tance of spreading the influences of the Gospel there, tendered his resignation, and was dismissed from his charge in June, 1845. On the 24th of March, 1847, Rev. Winthrop Fifield, former pastor of the Congregational church in Epsom, having accepted a call from the church and society, was installed as pastor. Mr. Fifield continued his services with good success, but under embarrassing circumstances, about three years, when the pastoral relation was dissolved, agreeably to. the advice of an ecclesiastical council. In 1850 the church con sisted of one hundred and six members — thirty-four males and sev enty-two females. June 25, 1851, the Rev. Henry A. Ken dall, who had been pastor of the church in Dublin, N. H., was installed pastor of the East church, and has continued his labors with encouraging success till the present time.f THE UNIVERSALIST SOCIETY.^ The Universalist society in this city was organized January 5, 1842. Its church edifice, on the corner of State and School streets, was erected the same year, at a cost of about $4000. The ministers of the society have been Rev's Ezekiel Dow, J. F. Witherell, W. H. Ryder, Thompson Barron and John Moore. *For further particulars see Records of the First and South churches, and Rev. Mr. Bou- ton's twenty-fifth Anniversary Discourse. •f The Rev. Henry A. Kendall was born Aug. 6, 1810, at Leominster, Mass.; studied the ology at Gilmanton Theological Seminary; ordained over the Congregational Church in Dublin in 1840. } Furnished by Rev. John Moore. ECCLESIASTICAL. 617 A church was organized in connection with said society, December 28, 1843, numbering now about thirty members. The society and congregation now number about one hundred paying male members, which would be much increased if the house of worship was larger. Measures are about being taken by the friends of this Society to fur nish themselves with the much needed room in their place of worship, and to place in it a suitable organ.* FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH.f The Free-will Baptist church of Concord was gathered under the labors of Rev. John Kimball, in 1844. Some time in 1845 or 1846 the society built their present house of worship, on the corner of Centre and Green streets. In 1847 Rev. S. T. Catlin became pastor of this church. He was succeeded, in 1849, by Rev. E. J. Helme, who soon was suddenly removed by death. Soon after his death Rev. A. D. Smith became the pastor of this church. He resigned in 1852, and was immediately succeeded by Rev. A. Caverno. In 1853 Rev. Hiram Whitcher, its present pastor, took the charge of this church. Since that it has been remodelled, J and now it numbers eighty members, with a congregation of between two and three hun dred, and a Sabbath school of one hundred scholars. The distinctive doctrines of this church are as follows : 1. Baptists — Holding that true faith in Jesus Christ, and its profession before the world, are pre-requisites to baptism, and that plunging is the Apostolic action of baptism. 2. Arminians — Believing in a general atonement; in a full and free salvation, and in man's power of volition and choice. 3. Open communion — Permitting all true Christians — and no others — to come to the Lord's table with us. 4. Trinitarians — Believing Christ to be both human and divine — the God-man ; one with the Father ; of the same nature,, and worthy of the same honor. 5. Congregational — In government. * Previous to the annual election in March, 1855, Rev. Mr. Moore waa nominated by the Enow-Nothing party as candidate for Governor of the State ; but it was ascertained that he had not resided in the State long enough to be eligible to that office. On the 5th of March, about eleven o'clock in the forenoon, while walking in School street, from tbe railroad depot to his house on Green street, he suddenly fell, of disease of the heart, and immediately ex pired. He was 58 years of age on the day of his death. A new house is now being erected by the society. [Furnished by Rev. Hiram Whitcher. f Rev. Mr. Whitcher, who is now pastor of the South Free Will Baptist Church, was born in Danville, Vt., March 18, 1809. His parents removing to Sweden, Monroe County, N. Y., he there, at the age of sixteen, united with a Christian Baptist Church, and at the age of twenty commenced holding meetings, and exhorting the people to repent. Subsequently he attended Academies, but at the age of twenty-two was ordained to the work of the ministry. Previous to coming to Concord, in 1853, he spent eight years as a preacher in Roches ter, N.Y. X Since the foregoing communication was made a second Free Baptist church has been organized, and worship in the house lately owned by the Universalist society, which was purchased and moved to a more southerly location, on State street, where Rev. Mr. VVhitcher now preaches. 618 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 6. Total abstinence, in temperance ; and anti-slavery in feeling and action. PLEASANT STREET BAPTIST CHURCH. The Pleasant street Baptist church edifice was erected in 1853 by a few enterprising gentlemen of the First Baptist society of this city. It occupies a very commanding position on Pleasant street, at its junction with Green and South streets, on the west, and Elm street, on the east. The edifice is built of brick — seventy-five by fifty-one feet, with a spire one hundred and forty- seven feet in height — and cost ten thousand dollars. The interior is finished in a neat, plain manner, with nothing to dazzle the eye or draw the attention from the message of heaven. The pews are built on a circular line, so that the whole congregation face the speaker. The house was dedicated Jan. 11, 1854. On the same day the Pleasant street Baptist church was constituted, and Rev. E. E. Cummings, who, for eighteen years, had been pastor of VWWW-WXV.VM.t .' the First Baptist church, was publicly recognized as its pastor. The church was originally formed with thirty members. It has since received to its fellowship thirty-four, and two having died, leaves its present number sixty-two. There has been gathered during the brief year of its existence a good congregation, and a flourishing Sab- * Furnished by Rev. E. E. Cummings, d. o. GENEALOGICAL. 619 bath school, and every thing foretokens a useful and prosperous society.* CHRISTIAN BAPTISTS. Besides the foregoing churches there was, in 1833, and perhaps earlier, a Christian Baptist church and society, the members of which resided principally at the Borough and Horse hill. SECOND ADVENT SOCIETY. Since 1843 a meeting has been held in town by those who are called "Adventists," or believers in the personal and visible reign of Christ upon earth, within a definite time. This meeting originated in the excitement about that time, created by what is called " the Miller doctrine." No. 4. GENEALOGICAL. HISTORY OF FAMILIES THAT SETTLED IN CONCORD PREVIOUS TO 1800. In the execution of this most difficult part of his work, the author has sought, and in some measure, obtained assistance from individual members, or relatives of several of the ancient families of Concord — particularly the Abbots, Ayers, Bradleys, Carters, Chandlers, East mans, Elliots, Farnums, Herberts, Kimballs, Merrills, Potters and Walkers. Of these the genealogies may be regarded as complete for the period which they embrace. Facts concerning other families have been arranged in proper order, and a large number of the lists are copied from the town records. The latter are authentic and reli able, as far as they go ; but the reader should understand that in many cases only part of a family has been put upon record, and it was not possible for the author to supply the deficiency. Should any members or connections of such families be disposed to complain they will please bear in mind that they have been urgently requested, by public notices, to furnish the author with complete lists ; but he has obtained nothing from them. In short, I give them all I possess, freely and impartially. * Ebenezer Eelson Cummings, son of Dea. Joseph and Hannah Cummings, a native of Claremont, was born November 9, 1800 ; graduated at Waterville College, 1828, and ordained over the First Baptist church in Salisbury, Seplember 17, 1831. In 1832 he was settled over the First Baptist church in Concord. Moved to Newark, N. J., June, 1850 ; moved to Spring field, Mass., November, 1850 ; moved to Pittsfield in April, 1853 ; installed as pastor of the Pleasant street Baptist church, Concord, January 11, 1854. Was married to Chloe Brown Humphrey, of Orwell, Vt., in 1831. 620 HISTORY OF CONCORD. It has been expedient to adopt abbreviations, such as the follow ing : b. for born, d. for died, m. for married, dau. for daughter, y. for young, ch. for cbildren, wid. for widow, &c. It will be seen that the more extended genealogies are prepared by their respective compilers on a different plan, each following his own taste and judgment; but the plan pursued by each can easily be un derstood. In the register of the Abbot Family, which stands first in order, the several generations are numbered from George Abbot, of Andover, the common ancestor. When the seventh generation is reached the names only are given, without date of birth. The figures denote the generation as reckoned from 1-George, thus: 3-Edward, 4-Dan- iel, 5-Reuben, &c, means third, fourth and fifth generation from George. FIRST CLASS, FURNISHED WHOLLY OR IN PART BY INDIVIDUALS. THE ABBOT FAMILY. BY GEORGE ABBOT, ESQ. The coat of arms was the figure of a pear. The following are the names of children of 2. Thomas Abbot, of Ando ver, Mass., who were horn there, but came to Penacook. They were grand children of 1. George Abbot, of Andover, the common ancestor of the Abbot family, both of Andover and Concord. 3.-Hannah, b. Sept 10, 1700 ; d. July 22, 1746, unmarried. 3-Edward, b. June 9, 1702 ; d. April 14, 1759. 3.-Deborah, b. Dec. 1, 1704 ; d. Oct 25, 1801, a. 97. 3.-George, b. Nov. 7, 1706 ; d. Oct 6, 1785, 83. 79. 3.-Benjamin, b. March 31, 1711 j d. March 8, 1794, 83. 83. 3.-Isaac, b. Feb. 13, 1717 ; d. Nov. 3, 1745, at Louisburg. Descendants of 3.-Edward Abbot, who was one of the proprietors. See notice, p. 133. Married Dorcas Chandler, daughter of Thomas and Mary Peters Chandler. She died May 16, 1748. Their children were, 4.-Dorcas, b Feb. 15, 1728 ; m. June 17, 1746, Ebenezer HaU. She d. Sept 28, 1797. 4.-Edward, b. Dec. 27, 1730 ; d. Sept 15, 1801. 4.-Phebe, b. Feb. 13, 1732 ; d. Jan. 6, 1776 ; m. 4. Jabez Abbot. 4.-Lydia, b. May 7, 1735: d. June 18, 1736. 4.-Lydia, 2d, b. June 15, 1737 ; d. Dec. 15, 1811 ; m. 4.-Aaron Abbot. 4.-Timothy, b. July 21, 1739 ; d. 1814. 4.-Rachel, b. March 31, 1742 ; d. young. 4.-Betsey, b. Aug. 28, 1743 ; d. 1837 ; m. 1759,- Thomas Saltmarsh. 4.-Jemima, b. June 23, 1746 ; d. y. 4.-Je- mima, 2d, b. April 29, 1748 ; d. July 31, same year. 4-Edward Abbot, m. Deborah Stevens ; their children were, 5.-Mary, b. 1761 ; d. 1843 ; m. Thomas Capen. 5.-Mehetable, b. April 23, 1763 ; d. 1838 ; m. Benjamin Lufkin. 5.-Susannah, b. Feb. 25, 1765 ; d. Feb. 25, 1841 ; m. John Weeks. 5.-Edward, b. about 1767, d. aged 17 5 -Tim othy, b. March 12, 1769 ; d. Jan. 22, 1819. 5.-Samuel, b! 1771* d.' 5.-Deborah, b. about 1773 ; d. y. 5.-Deborah, 2d, b. May 29, 1774 • m' GENEALOGICAL. 621 Dec. 21, 1799, Phineas Howe. 5.-Esther, b. about 1777 ; d. about 1824 ; m. Trueworthy KUgore. 5.-TTM0THY Abbot, 1 m. Sarah Bradley. Their children, 6.-Esther, 6.-Philbrick, 6.-George. He 2 m. April 17, 1810, 5.-Lydia Abbot. No children. She d. May 25, 1853, aged 85. See p. 366, note. 3.-Deborah Abbot, m. Dea. Joseph HalL See notice, pp. 136, 137, and Register of " Hall Family." Descendants of 3.-GE0RGE Abbot, who settled in Concord about 1732. He purchased the original right of Samuel Grainger, and became a proprietor in the town. His house was the old mansion still standing on Fayette street, (see p. 515,) and. was occupied as a garrison.* He was a deacon in the first church about forty-one years. Enterprising, industrious, charitable ; a man of sound good sense, whose remarks were treasured up as maxims. A strict observer of the Sabbath and of religious order, he was constant with his family at public worship, and faithful m the instruction of his children. His life was cheerful, his. end peace. He m. Feb. 1, 1737, 4.-Sarah Abbot, daughter of 3. Stephen, and great-grand-daughter of l.-George. She was b. Oct. 8, 1711 j d. June 14, 1769. She also was of a kind and charitable disposition. She .not only relieved the immediate wants of the poor, but gave them advice and instruction relative both to temporal and spiritual things. She died in the hope of eternal happiness, through Jesus Christ Their children were: 4.-Daniel, b. Aug. 7, 1738; :•. • ji>' C^&^s^ *^}&^*tf? TCg^Vjgyfg EDGDW. GENEALOGICAL. 645 b. Sept. 10, 1817 ; 4. Samuel H., b. March 30, 1825 ; 5. Marv Ann, b. Feb. 28, 1827. 2 m. Sally . 2-Ebenezer Dow, [T. Rec] m. Susannah . Their chUdren— MoUy, b. Oct. 5, 1806. Ebenezer, b. Aug. 23, 1810. EASTMAN FAMILY. Descendants of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman. 1-Capt Ebenezer Eastman. [See pp. 135, and 551-3.] Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, son of PhiUp Eastman, of HaverhiU, Mass., and grandson of Roger Eastman — the first of the name who settled in Salisbury, Mass., in 1640 — was born Jan. 10, 1689 ; married Sarah Peas lee, of HaverhiU, March 4, 1710 ; became an early settler in Concord, where he died July 28, 1748, aged 59. Six of his sons also settled in Concord before 1731. His children were — 1. Ebenezer, b. Sept. 5, 1711 ; m. Eleanor ; d. 1778. 2. PhiUp, b. Nov. 13, 1713; m. Abiah Bradley; d. Sept. 1, 1804. 3. Joseph, b. June 10, 1715; m. Abigail MeUen; d. 1803. 4. Nathaniel, b. March 16, 1717; m. Phoebe , 1754. 5. Jeremiah, b. Aug. 25, 1719; m. Dor othy Carter. 6. Obadiah, b. Dec. 11, 1721. 7. Ruth, b. Jan. 17, 1729; m. Dr. Ezra Carter, 1742 ; 2 m. Fowler, of Boscawen. 8. Moses, b. Feb. 28, 1732 ; m. EUzabeth KimbaU; d. AprU 4, 1812. 2-Ebenezer Eastman, Jr., Son of Capt. Ebenezer, was born in HaverhiU, Mass., Sept. 5, 1711 ; m. Eleanor ; settled in Concord ; d. 1778, aged 67. His chUdren were : 1. Sarah, b. July 14, 1737 ; m. Daniel Chandler, 1755. 2. Stilson, b. Jan. 7, 1738 ; [see pp. 195, 591.] 3. Ebenezer, b. AprU 17, 1740. 4. Peaslee, b. Aug. 20, 1742. 5. EUzabeth, Julv 31, 1744. 6. Eleanor, b. Sept. 6, 1746. 7. AUen, b. July 23, 1748. 2-Philip Evstman, Son of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, born Nov. 13, 1713 ; m. Abiah Brad ley, March 29, 1739, and died Sept. 1, 1804, aged 80. PhiUp Eastman was one of the most useful citizens of his generation. He was a man of great resolution and force ; of sound judgment, and took a leading part in the business of the Proprietors and in town affairs. His children were : 1. Robert, b. Oct. 5, 1742; m. Mary Bradlev; d. May 22, 1812. 2. Jonathan, b. June 10, 1746; m. Mary Chandler; d. Oct. 19, 1834. 3. Ruth, m. Page. 2-Capt. Joseph Eastman, Son of Capt Ebenezer, was born June 10, 1715 ; m. Abigail MeUen, dau. of Dea. Henry MeUen, of Hopkinton, Mass. He died 1S03. She died March 13, 1801, aged 81. Their children were: 1. Marv, b. Feb. 16, 1740; m. Major Asa Kimball; d. 1805, aged 65. 2. Abigail, b. May 27, 1741 ; m. Joseph Eastman ; d. 1832, aged 90. 3. Moses, b. March 3, 1743 ; m. Lucretia Tvler ; d. 1796, aged 53. 4. Sarah, b. Nov. 5, 1755 ; m. David Young ; d. 1836, aged 81. 5. John, b. March 4, 1758 ; m. Sybel Chamberlain. 6. Jennv, b. Sept. 12, 1762 ; m. Hon. Wm. Chamberlain, Peacham, Vt; d. 1830." 646 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 2-Nathaniel Eastman, Son of Capt. Ebenezer, was bom March 16, 1717 ; m, Phoebe , 1754. Their children were : 1. Nathaniel, b. Oct. 9, 1755; m. Ruth Bradley. 2. Mary, b. April 6, 1758 ; m. Abel Blanchard, Peacham, Vt. 3. Elizabeth, b. June 5, 1761 ; m. Abiel Blanchard. 4. Jacob, b. July 9, 1763 ; m. Abigail KimbaU, June 27, 1784. 5. Rhoda, b. April 7, 1766; m. James Hosmer. 6. Levi, b. July 24, 1771. 2-Moses Eastman, Son of Capt. Ebenezer, was bom Feb. 28, 1732 ; m. EUzabeth KimbaU, 1756, and died AprU 4, 1812, aged 80. Their chUdren were : 1. Sarah, b. Aug. 8, 1757; m. Jacob Carter. 2. Susanna, b. Oct. 30, 1759 ; m. John West 3. David, b. Jan. 15, 1763 ; m. Ruth Carter. 4. Ebenezer, b. Oct 19, 1765 ; m. Esther Famum. 5. Abiel, b. Oct 3, 1767; m. SaUy Thompson. 6. Judith, Sept. 7, 1769; m. Aaron Austin. 7. Phinehas, b. Jan. 20, 1772 ; m. Susan CogsweU. 8. Simeon, b. May 11, 1774 ; m. AbigaU Virgin. 9. Jemima, b. Oct 13, 1776 ; m. 10. Betsey, b. April 2, 1779 ; m. Lathrop, of Cleaveland, O. 11. Persia, b. May 31, 1781; m. Jacob TrusseU, of Canaan. 3-Stilson Eastman. StUson Eastman, son of Ebenezer Eastman, jr., was born Jan. 7, 1738, and married a daughter of Capt. Nathaniel Hutchins. Their chUdren were : 1. Nathaniel, m. EUzabeth Watts, Julv 9, 1774. 2. Peaslee, m. MoUy Graham, Aug. 13, 1786. 3. Caleb, m. Comfort Haines, March 9, 1790. 4. Theodore, m. Damaris DarUng. She died Aug. 25, 1799. 5. Amos, m. 6. Betsey, m. Simeon Brackett 7. Ruth, m. Weeks. 3-Jonathan Eastman, [see p. 590,] Son of PhiUp, was bom June 10, 1746, and married MoUy Chandler, Jan. 5, 1769, by whom he had two children. His second wife, Esther Johnson, of Woburn, Mas6., was born May 4, 1753: married July 12, 1776. Esther Johnson was a daughter of Francis, son of Uriah, son of Maj. WiUiam, son of Capt. Edward Johnson, who came from Heme HiU, in the county of Kent, England, in 1630, and settled at Woburn, which he repre sented in the General Court twenty-eight years, and was speaker of the House. He published a History of New-England in 1652, and died at an advanced age, April 23, 1672. Jona. Eastman d. Oct 19, 1834, aged 87. His wife d. Sept. 17, 1834, aged 81. Their chUdren were: 1. Asa, b. Dec. 5, 1770 ; m. Marv KimbaU. 2. Philip, b. Jan. 15, 1773; m. Susan Osgood. 3. MoUy, b. Aug. 30, 1777 ; d. Sept 10, 1778. 4. Seth, b. June 12, 1779; d. March 22, 1801. 5. Jonathan, b. Nov. 14, 1781; m. Mary Chandler. 6. Robert, b. Dec. 30, 1783; m. Sarah Lee. 7. John Langdon, b. Dec. 30, 1785 ; m. Mary Osgood. 8. MoUy, Sept 3, 1791. 3-Moses Eastman, Jr., Son of 2-Capt Joseph Eastman, was born March 3, 1743 ; m. Lucretia Tyler, 1768, and d. 1796, aged 53. Their chUdren were : 1. Hannah, b. Jan. 5, 1770. 2. Salome, b. Aug. 3, 1771. 3: Charles, b. Dec. 11, 1774; 1 m. Sally Bradley, 1798. 4. Nancy, b. Dec. 11, 1778. 5. Warren, b. Oct. 2, 1781. 6. Lycurgus, b. Jan. 3, 1784. 7. Lucretia, b. Sept. 6, 1789. 3-Capt. John Eastman, Son of 2-Capt. Joseph, was bom March 4, 1759 ; m. Sybel Chamber- ©iUF?1 araDnrir. sj\,i^imir„ GENEALOGICAL. 647 lain, daughter of Samuel, Oct 10, 1781. He died Oct 18, 1838, aged 80. Their children were : 1. Samuel, b. July 15, 1782 ; m. Eleanor CampbeU ; moved to Charles town, Me. 2. Patty, b. Oct. 29, 1784; m. Dea. Nathaniel Ambrose, 2 wife. 3. Cyrus, b. May 7, 1787 ; m. Eliza Cushing, Amherst 4. Thomas, b. May 21, 1789; m. Lucy Cushing; moved to Peacham, Vt. 5. John, b. Sept 3, 1791 ; 1 m. Dorothy DeForest, who d. July 8, 1836 ; 2 m. Lu cinda BuswelL 6. Moses, b. June 17, 1794; m.. EUzabeth M. TuthiU. 7. Betsey, b. June 1, 1797; d. March 20, 1838, aged 41. 8. MeUen, b. Nov. 3, 1800, d. Troy, N. Y., Sept, 1822. 9. Joseph, B. June 13, 1803 ; m. Almira Famum, Nov., 1835. Capt John Eastman, whose likeness accompanies this notice of his family, was a highly respected and useful citizen, residing on the east side of the river, in the ancient house, stiU standing, a few rods northwest of the raUroad station. He was a man of much decision ; prudent, industri ous and religious. He united with the church, under Dr. McFarland's ministry, Nov. 6, 1808, and maintained a consistent Christian walk and conversation as long as he Uved ; leaving, in prgperty( character and exam ple, a valuable legacy to his chUdren. The likeness, which is very perfect, was taken from an original painting by Hon. Jacob A Potter, about 1831. 3-Nathaniel Eastman, Son of 2-Nathaniel, was bom Oct. 9, 1755; d. May 7, 1839, aged 84; married Ruth Bradley; d. Nov. 4, 1841, aged 84. Mrs. Eastman was a very capable woman, gifted in conversation, and was one of the first Bap tists in Concord. Their chUdren were : 1. Isaac, b. June 16, 1780; m. Abigail Tay. 2. Phoebe, b. April 8, 1782 ; m. Samuel Brown. 3. Bradley, b. June 18, 1784 ; m. SaUy Noyes ; d. Nov. 27, 1840. 4. Timothy, b. Sept. 15, 1786 ; m. Abigail Wilkins. 5. Ruth, b. Jan 7, 1789 ; m. Benjamin Bailey. 6. Ebenezer, b. Feb. 20, 1791 ; m. Mary D. Underwood. 7. Abraham, b. March 23, 1793 ; d. Oct. 2, 1818. 8. Seth, b. Aug. 11, 1801 ; m. Sarah Coflin. 3-Jacob Evstman, Son of 2-Nathaniel Eastman, was born July 9, 1763; married Abigail Noyes, June 27, 1784; Jacob, d. June 1, 1850; Abigail, Sept. 8, 1849. Their chUdren were : 1. Chandler, b. Dec. 31, 1784; m. AbigaU Bradley, March 10, 1806; d. July, 1851. 2. Esther, b. Oct. 27, 1786 ; m. Stephen Chase, AprU 15, 1807. 3. Abel, b. Jan. 12, 1788; m. SaUy Chandler, 1808; d. Nov. 13, 1822. 4. Herman, b. Dec. 20, 1790 ; m. SaUy Hosmer. 5. Polly, b. Nov. 16, 1792; m. Zephaniah Batchelder, Dec. 25, 1801. 6. Hazen, b. Nov. 14, 1794; m. Ehzabeth G. Currier. 7. Sophia, b. Dec. 7, 1795; d. Oct. 2, 1798. 8. Sophia, b. July 7, 1799; m. Josiah Furnald, July 9, 1816. 9. Jacob, b. Oct. 23, 1801 ; d. May 5, 1829. 10. Phoebe, b. Dec. 14, 1803 ; m. Jonathan Sargent, Canterbury. 11. Nathaniel, b. June 20, 1806 ; d. Nov. 18, 1830. 12. Luther, b. AprU 11, 1809; d. Dec. 30, 1826. 3-Abiel Eastman, Son of 2-Moses, bom Oct. 3, 1767 ; d. March 18, 1841 ; married Sarah Thompson. Their chUdren were : 1. Hiram, b. Aug. 6, 1799 ; d. Nov. 28, 1829. 2. Adaline, b. Aug. 25, 1800. 3. Susanna, b. May 21, 1802; 4. KimbaU, b. March 16, 1805. 5. Abiel, b. Nov. 24, 1806. 6. HamUton. 7. SaUy. 8. Nancy. 648 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 4-Theodore Eastman, Son of StUson, married Damaris Darling. Their chUdren were : 1. Ebenezer, d. 2. Damaris, m. Benjamin O. Adams. Rev. E. E. Ad ams, Nashua, and J. O. Adams, Esq. editor of the Granite Fanner, Manches ter, are their sons. Mrs. Adams d. June 19, 1854, aged 59. 3. Ezra, Uving in Gilford. 4. Caleb, Uving in Monroe Co., N. Y. 4-Jonathan Eastman, Jr., Esq., Son of 3-Jonathan Eastman, b. Nov. 14, 1781 ; m. Mary Chandler. Their chUdren were : 1. Caroline, b. Sept. 29, 1806; d. Sept 30, 1830. 2. Annette, b. Oct 30, 1809 ; m. Jeremiah F. Daniell, Franklin. 3. Sarah Chandler, b. Dec 16, 1812; m. James Frye. 4. Mary Lang, b. Dec. 22, 1815; m. Jere miah Pecker, jr. 5. Harriet Stark, b. July 26, 1828. . 4-Robert Eastman, Son of 3-Jonathan, b. Dec. 31, 1783; m. Sarah Lee. Their chUdren were: 1. Seth, b. Jan. 24, 1808, [See Graduates ;] m. Mary Henderson. Has six chidren. 2. Charles, b. March 4, 1809 ; grad. Union CoUege ; Uves in Austerlitz, N. Y. 3. Mary Jane, m. Rev. Samuel Utley ; has four chU dren. 4. Julia Ann, m. Jonathan Palmer ; Uves in Boston. 5. Sarah E., m. Stephen Sage, merchant. 6. Maria Lee, a teacher, ViUage Green, near Philadelphia. 7. Hannah E., b. July 7, 1817 ; d. May 7, 1818. 8. Han nah E., m. Martin B. Chittenden, musician, at Granville, HL 9. Robert, merchant, Lowell, Mass., m. Martha Richardson. 10. Harriet Lee. 11. Caroline O. 12. Rachel O., m. Benjamin E. Badger. 13. John F., a machinist, attended the World's Fair, London. 4-John Langdon Eastman, Son of 3-Jonathan, b. Nov. 31, 1786 ; m. Mary Osgood, b. June 8, 1788. Their chUdren were : 1. PhUip, b. Nov. 23, 1805; m. Martha Lovejoy, Nov. 20, 1838. 2. Seth, b. Nov. 10, 1807; d. Feb. 27, 1815. 3. Susan O., b. Sept. 4, 1809; m. Henry B. Brewster, July 26, 1835 ; d. Oct. 10, 1838. 4. Marianna, b. Dec. 19, 1811 ; m. Joel S.'MorrUl, Dec. 11, 1834. 5. Sarah H, b. Dec. 24, 1814; m. Joshua Osgood, Nov. 23, 1837. 6. Lucretia A, b. Aug. 17, 1816. 7. John L., b. Dec. 29, 1824 ; d. Nov. 16, 1826. 8. Ann E., b. Feb. 19, 1828. 9. John L., b. Oct. 27, 1829. 10. Seth W., b. Feb. 13, 1831. 11. Maria L., b. Aug. 22, 1833 ; m. Otis Warren, Oct 25, 1851. 4-Charles Eastman, Son of 3-Moses Eastman, jr., b. Dec. 11, 1774; d. Sept 26, 1847, aged 72. 1 m. SaUy Bradley. Their children were : 1. Lucy, b. Oct 24, 1799. 2. Eliza, b. April 21, 1801. 3. Maria, b. July 16, 1803. 4. Sally, b. Aug. 6, 1805. 5. Lycurgus, b. July 16, 1807. 6. Lucretia, b. Oct 15, 1809 ; d. at Cambridge, Feb. 18, 1832, aged 22. He 2 m. Persis Chamberlain. Their chUdren were : 7. Moses L. 8. Charles. 9. Betsey C. 10. Alfred, d. 4-Cyrus Eastman, Son of 3-Capt. John Eastman, b. May 7, 1787; m. Eliza Cushing. Their children were : 1. Louisa Cushing, b. April 16, 1813 ; m. Dr. Hezekiah Eldridge, MU- ford. 2. Harriet R., m. W. B. Woodman, Danvers, Mass. 3. EUzabeth GENEALOGICAL. 649 B., b. Sept. 9, 1821 ; m. Ervin B. Tripp. 4. AbigaU, m. Geo. B. Melendv, New- York City. 5. Mary. 6. Sarah. 7. Helen. 4-John Eastman, Esq., Son of 3-Capt John Eastman, b. Sept. 3, 1791 ; 1 m. Dorothy DeForest, who died July 8, 1836. Their chUdren were : 1. MeUen. 2. Jane. 3. Laura. 4. Dorothy. He 2 m. Lucinda Bus- weU. 4-Gen. Isaac Eastman, Son of 3-Nathaniel, b. June 16, 1780; m. AbigaU Tay. Their chUdren were : 1. Samuel, b. Aug. 30, 1807 ; m. Mary Brown. 2. Ruth Bradley, b. March 22, 1812; m. Edward L. Staniels. 3. Abraham Bradley, b. AprU 29, 1817; m. Sarah Sturtevant. 4. Charles Smith, b. Dec. 27," 1818; m. Charlotte Bedlow. 5. Isaac C, b. Oct. 1, 1826. 4-Timothy Eastman, Son of 3-Nathaniel, b. Sept. 15, 1786; m. AbigaU Wilkins, 1810. Their chUdren were : 1. AbigaU, b. June 30, 1811. 2. Elbridge G., b. Feb. 27, 1813 ; editor of the NashviUe Daily American, NashviUe, Tenn. 3. Charles B., b. Jan. 29, 1815 ; now in California. 4. Hazen B., b. Nov. 1, 1821 ; now in California. 4-Ebenezer Eastman, Son of 3-Nathaniel, b. Feb. 20, 1791; m. Mary D. Underwood, of Portsmouth. Their children : 1. John U., b. June 24, 1826 ; now in Tennessee. 2. Sarah D., b. Jan. 5, 1828 ; m. H. S. Thatcher. 3. John M., b. July 1, 1838. 4-Capt. Seth Eastman, Son of 3-Nathaniel, b. Aug. 11, 1801 ; m. July 14, 1830, Sarah Coffin, who was born Jan. 29, 1805. Their chUdren were : 1. Enoch C.,b. April 20, 1831 ; d. June 20, 1837. 2. Edson C.,b. Nov. 9, 1832. Samuel C, b. July 11, 1837. 4. John W., b. AprU 13, 1840 ; died Jan. 1841. Note. Besides the foregoing — descendants of Capt Ebenezer Eastman — there have been and stiU are others of the name of Eastman in Concord. For example, on the Town Records are the foUowing : Joseph Eastman, [who m. Abigail, dau. of 2-Joseph, son of Capt. Ebenezer, and who, as related, p. 196, was a companion of John Shute, had chUdren : 1. Henry, b. July 12, 17G5. 2. James, b. Aug. 5, 1767. 3. Dorothy, b. Aug. 7, 1769. 4. Nathan, b. July 30, 1772. 5. Naomi, b. Feb. 11, 1775. 6. PoUy, b. Oct. 15, 1780. 7. Sarah, b. July 30, 1783. Joseph Eastman, d. 1815, aged 95. His wife, Abigail, to distinguish her from others, was caUed by the neighbors "Widow Deacon Joseph East man." She d. Dec. 3, 1831, aged 90. Their son, James, d. 1843, aged 75. Sarah d. Sept. 11, 1855, aged 72; she never married. Abigail, dau. of James and PoUy Eastman, was b. July 27, 1796. Joseph Eastman, [T. Ree.] 1 m. Abigail. Their children : Hannah, b. Dec. 16, 1730. John, b. May 11, 1739. Ann, b. Feb. 6, 1742. 2 m. Tamasin WoodweU. Had Benjamin, b. Aug. 15, 1747 ; and David, b. Aug. 17, 1749. 650 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Samuel Eastman, [T. Rec] m. EUzabeth. Their chUdren : EUzabeth, b. Jan. 11, 1740. AbigaU, b. March 5, 1742. Mary, b. May 21, 1745. Richard Eastman, [T. Rec] m. Hannah MerriU. Their chUdren, Betsey, b. July 14, 1770. Hannah, Ap. 1, 1772. MoUy, Nov. 9, 1774. Hannah, June 10, 1777. Edmund Eastman,^, graduate, 1793, was son of Benjamin, who came to Concord, 1749, son of Joseph, who m. Tamasin WoodweU. The descendants of Roger Eastman, who came to this country from Wales, and settled in SaUsbury, Mass., 1640, are widely scattered over the country. ' Thomas Eaton, [T. Rec] m. MoUy. Their chUdren, MoUy, b. Aug. 10, 1769. Thomas, b. July 21, 1771. Moses, b. Jan. 19, 1775. Joseph, b. Dec. 18, 1776. Sarah, b. Jan. 23, 1779. Thomas Eaton d. Ap. 17, 1799. MoUy, dau. of Thomas, Jr., and SaUy Eaton, b. Ap. 14, 1791. Moses Eaton, [T. Rec] m. Lucy Their chUdren, Nicholas, b. Jan. 4, 1797. Roxanna, b. Dec 2, 1799. Mahala, b. Ap. 28, 1801. THE ELLIOT FAMILY. The history of this fanuly involves the history of the settlement of the " Borough," so called, in the north-western part of the town. Mr. Joseph Walker, brother of James Walker, the tailor, was the first person who Uved at the Borough, on what was called the " Snow Farm," because laid out to Mr. Zerobbabel Snow. Mr. Walker Uved in a log hut, within a few feet of the house where now reside Aaron and Eh Elliot. He remained there but a short time, and, for fear of the Indians, moved away. This was a few years after the massacre. Mr. Richard Elliot went to the Borough immediately after the French and Indian wars ; buUt the first saw-mUl, on what is called the " out-let," and boarded, while buUding the mill, with Mr. James Abbot, at Rattlesnake Plain, a distance of about four miles. Mr. Elliot was one of Maj. Rogers' rangers, and whUe upon one of his scouting expeditions in the vicinity of Penacook, accidentaUy discovered the out-let, a small stream branching off from the Contoocook river at the head of the falls, and uniting again about a mUe below, which attracted his notice as affording valuable mill privUeges. Two or three years afterwards he sold out to his brothers, Jonathan and Benjamin. This was about 1770. Mr. Jonathan Elliot Uved in the miU- yard, near where now resides Jeremiah Fowler, Esq. ; and Benjamin, where now Uves Lieut. M. Baker. Richard EUiot was never married. He was here as early as 1760. On the 19th of February, 1778, Mr. Joseph EUiot, husband of old Mrs. Lydia Elliot, now Uving, at the great age of 102 years, moved with his famUy into a log house, opposite to where Mr. David EUiot now Uves. sums. mm a em. Aged,102 Yrs. GENEALOGICAL. 651 Mr. John EUiot moved the same year into a log house above Mr. Ba ker's. He was not related to those before mentioned, but they aU came from Newtown. Here they Uved, in badly constructed houses, without chim neys and without windows, enduring aU the hardships, toils and poverty incident to new settlements — often eating the last morsel of bread, and not knowing where to procure the next. Three of old Mrs. Lydia EUiot's children were born in this log house. In several respects Mrs. Lydia EUiot, or, as now commonly caUed, " Aunt Lydia," whose life-like likeness is here exhibited, is the most remarkable person that ever Uved in Concord. She entered on her 103d year in January, 1855. She is at this time in good health, in the enjoyment of her mental faculties and bodUy senses in a remarkable degree, — her hearing only being somewhat impaired. She relates of herself, " that she never had a physi cian in her life, except at times of confinement with her chUdren ; never took physic, or an emetic, or had a tooth drawn, or was bled." She has always been industrious, and even laborious ; spinning and weaving at home, or in famUies where she was wanted. In her younger life she used to go to Mr. Nathaniel Rolfe's, about a rrnle and a hah0 from her home, to assist in pulling flax. Sometimes she carried an infant, and then she would lay the babe, wrapped in a blanket, under the shade of a tree, and work aU day — nursing her cluld as it needed. Many a time has she walked from the Bo rough to the old North Meeting-house, on the Sabbath, to worship, carrying a babe in her arms. In the last fifty years of her life she has dressed herself every day. During the last seven or ten years she has spent a considerable portion of her time in knitting, at which she is very expert She has a good appetite, is most .of the time cheerful and uncomplaining; walks erect, and converses with ease and good sense. On the hundredth anniversary of her birth, January 30, 1853, a reUgious service was held at the house of her son, Mr. David EUiot, with whom the old lady resides, of which the foUowing account subsequently appeared in the New-Hampshire Statesman. " interesting occurrence. We gladly availed ourself of the opportunity to be present, on Monday last, at reUgious services held in the dwelling of Mr. David ElUot, in the north-west part of Concord. The circumstance which suggested them was, that on the preceding day his mother, Mrs. Lydia Elliot, attained the age of one hundred years. The occasion attracted to the dwelling a num ber of people so large as nearly to fill the lower rooms ; and, as may easUy be imagined, it was one of very deep interest, not only to the descendants of Mrs. EUiot, but aU others who had the privilege of being present. Peo ple of aU ages were there— quite a number of whom had reached the al lotted period of human life, and several who numbered more than eighty years. Prior to the commencement of reUgious services, several people who went up from this part of the town, were introduced to Mrs. Elliot by her grandson, with each of whom she held brief conversation. These were Mr. Richard Herbert, Mr. Abiel Walker, Francis N. Fisk, Esq., Mr. James C. Daine, (the venerable father of Mr. George Dame, of the P'avUion,) Mr. and Mrs. Bouton, Mrs. Dr. Carter, and the editor of this paper. Others, 652 HISTORY OF CONCORD. also, before and at the close of the exercises, avaUed themselves of the op portunity to say a few words to the venerable lady, upon whom all eyes were turned. On the morning of that day she rose in season to brealifast with the family, dressed herself without assistance, and made the bed in which she slept' She is a person of medium female height; her eye yet gives evidence that in youth she was one whose countenance was Ughted by the vivacity of that organ; and, although quite deaf, she yet possesses her bodUy'and mental faculties in a remarkable degree. She was dressed in a very neat and becoming manner, and during the reUgious exercises sat im mediately near the table by which stood her pastor, Rev. Mr. Tenney. She was seated in a rocking-chair, which she kept in constant motion, and intently eyed the clergyman during the exercises. Immediately back of her chair were several aged people, and in tiers in the rear of them, those of various ages down to chUdren and youth. From this room, the doors opened into other apartments, so that all might hear. Rev. Mr. Tenney commenced by reading the first four verses of the 7lst Psalm, by Watts, 3d Part, as foUows : God of my childhood and my youth, Trie guide of all my days, I have declared thy heavenly truth, And told thy wondrous ways. Wilt thou forsake my hoary hairs, And leave my tainting heart? Who shall Mustain my sinking years, If God, my strength, depart? Let me thy power and truth proclaim To the surviving age, And leave the savor of thy name When 1 shall quit the stage. The land of silence and of death Attend my next remove ; O, may these poor remains of breath Teach the wide world thy love. 'Succeeding the reading of the above stanzas was a discourse by Rev. Mr. Tenney, founded on the 71st Psalm, 18th verse : "Now also, when I am old and grey-headed, O God, forsake me not; until I have shewed thy strength unto this generation, ana thy power to every one that is to come." From this appropriate discourse, the train of remark in which may be readily conjectured, and which was Ustened to with the utmost attention by aU, and by none more than the venerable person for whom it was particularly written, we gather the following facts : Lydia Goodwin (now Mrs. Joseph ElUot) was bom in territory once caUed SaUsbury Newtown, (now Newton, in this State,) January 30, 1753. She married Mr. EUiot in 1773, and they removed to Concord in February, 1778. She was of a famUy of nine children; two sons and seven daugh ters. One of her brothers was a soldier in the French War, and died at twenty-two years of age, and a sister died when only four years old. Of the others, Samuel died in Northfield, when more than 97 years of age ; Molly died in Concord, aged 97 ; SaUy in Candia, aged 99 years and eight months ; EUzabeth Uved to be 77 ; Hannah died at 50, and Judith is now Uving in Loudon, aged 96. Of the six daughters who were married, aU survived their husbands, and no one married a second time. The husband of Mrs. Lydia ElUot, the subject of this notice, died about forty years ago. She had eleven chUdren, all of whom reached mature years, and ten were married. Four only are now living. Her grand-children number seventy ; her great-grand-children one hundred, and of the fifth generation GENEALOGICAL. 653 there are known to be at least eight. Her son, Mr. David EUiot, at whose dwelling these services took place, is seventy-five years of age, although his appearance indicates a person of but Uttle over sixty. It is a long-Uved family, as preceding facts make very certain. Rev. Mr. Tenney, at the conclusion of his discourse, invited Rev. Dr. Bouton to make such remarks as would be suggested by the occasion ; who pro ceeded accordingly to address the congregation for a few minutes, in the course of which he stated, that of the aged people who died in Concord since his settlement, it was usually the case that such as lived longest pos sessed to the last their mental, and usually their bodily faculties, in remark able perfection. Of such, he named Capt. Joseph Farnum, aged 97 ; Mrs. Hazeltine, aged 100 years and six months; Mr. John Shute, aged 98; Mrs. Robert Ambrose, aged 98 ; Mr. Jeremiah Bridge, aged 93 ; and PoUy Odlin, aged 95. The services occupied about one hour and a quarter, at the close of which many took leave of Mrs. EUiot by a formal fareweU, and the com pany soon dispersed, highly gratified with the opportunity of being present and looking upon the second person in Concord who reached one hundred years of age." To the above notice it may be added, that after the meeting a pair of neatly wrought stockings were shown to the company, which were knit by Mrs. ElUot the past summer, and which were ornamented with figtses caUed clocks. When she was ninety-one years of age she knit a pigeon net of fifty-two yards, and "lashed" the net — completing the whole in seven days. In the foUowing genealogy the generations are reckoned from the early settlers, as numbered : 1-Richard, never married. 1-Jonathan EUiot and his brother, 1-Ben- jamin, came in 1768. 2-Joseph Elliot, came in 1778. 2-John Elliot, came, probably, the same year. 2-Jonathan Elliot, Jr., or 2d, soon after. 1-Jonathan Elliot, tri. Naomi Swett, 1762 ; settled at the Borough. Their chUdren, probably the first three born in Newtown, were : 1. Naomi, m. David Jackman. 2. Moses, m. Sally Stevens. 3. Lois, m. Enoch Gerald. 4. Sarah, b. June 1, 1769. 5. Richard, b. Feb. 14, 1771. 6. Jonathan, b. May 28, 1773. 1-Benjamin Elliot, m. AbigaU Webster. Their ch. were: 1. SaUy. 2. Betsey. 3. Cotton. 4. DoUy. 5. AbigaU. 6. Benjamin. 7. David. 8. Ruth, and moved to Rumford, Me. 2-Joseph Elliot, m. Lydia Goodwin ; came from Newtown to the Bo rough, in Concord, Feb. 19, 1778 ; went into a log house opposite where Mr. David EUiot now Uves. Their chUdren were — 1. SaUy, m. Hezekiah Hutchins, Rumford, Me. 2. PoUy, m. Leonard Whitney. 3. David, m. Mehitable Farnum. 4. Joseph, m. Dorcas Far num. 5. Frederic, m. Nancy Colby ; children, Jacob, George B. 6. Ja cob, m. 7. Samuel, m. Emma Sargent, Rumford. 8. Benjamin, m. Judith Colby, Boscawen. 9. Judith, m. David Colby, Rumford. 10. Eleanor, m. Jacob Lufkin, Rumford. 11. Lydia, m. Nathaniel Simpson, Con cord. 2-John Elliot, (father of " soldier John,") m. Hannah Jones ; moved from Newtown to the Borough, in Concord, about 1778 ; lived in a log house just above where Lieut. MarshaU Baker now resides. Their children were — 654 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 1. Barnard. 2. Jonathan. 3. John. 4. SaUy. 5. PoUy. 6. Miriam. 7. Hannah. 8. Mehitable. 3-Barnard Elliot, son of 2-John, m. EUzabeth Carter, and d. Jan. 15, 1828, aged 76. Their chUdren were— 1. AbigaU, b. Sept. 5, 1778 ; m. 2. Ezra, b. May 20, 1781 ; m. Grata Welch. 3. Barnard C, b. AprU 1, 1784; m. Deborah Welch. 4. James, m. Eleanor Colby. 5. Betsey, m. Jonathan Sleeper. 2-Jonathan Elliot, Jr.,* m. MoUy Collins. Their chUdren were — 1. Charles, b. Sept 22, 1780 ; m. Phebe Famum. 2. Hannah, b. July 27, 1782. 3. Aaron, b. Nov. 24, 1784. 4. Jonathan, b. Jan. 27, 1787. 5. John, b. March 24, 1789. 6. Rebecca, h. Aug. 31, 1791. 7. PoUy, b. April 30, 1794. 8. Jacob, b. May 31, 1799. 9. Mary, b. April 28, 1803; m. Ezekiel EUiot 10. Henry Lovejoy, b. Oct 27, 1805. 11. EU, b. July, 16, 1808. 3-John Elliot, Jr., m. Mary Huntoon. He served several years in the Revolutionary army ; was in the battle of Bunker HiU, Trenton, Princeton, and also served in the war of 1812. He Uved and died Dec. 2, 1842, in a smaU house near Mr. Joseph Eastman's, in the West viUage. Their chU dren were — 1. Aaron, b. Aug. 21, 1779. 2. WUUam, b. Aug. 5, 1781. 3. John Friend, b. Aug. 31, 1787. 4. Jeremiah, b. July 26, 1789. 5. PoUy, b. Jan. 20, 1791 ; m. Dr. Andros. 6. Hazzen, b. Jan. 14, 1793. 7. SaUy, b. Aug. 1, 1796. 8. Dorcas, b. Sept 20, 1798 ; m. Peter Glines. 9. Jones, b. Aug. 21, 1800. 3-Moses Elliot, Jr., a Congregational preacher, son of Moses, (?) m. Judith Carter. Their chUdren were — 1. SaUy Chellis, b. Jan. 26, 1798. 2. Ezra Carter, b. Feb. 19, 1800. 3. James Carter, b. March 5, 1802. 4. Judith Carter, b. AprU 12, 1804. 5. Ephraim Carter, b. Aug. 19, 1806. 3-Joseph Elliot, Jr., son of Joseph EUiot and Lydia Goodwin, m. Dor cas Farnum, dau. of Josiah. Their chUdren were — 1. Phebe C, b. April 16, 1801. 2. Theodore Famum, b. Sept 22, 1803. 4-James Elliot, son of Barnard EUiot and EUzabeth Carter, m. Eleanor Colby. Their chUdren were — 1. Joseph Carter, bom Nov. 17, or Dec 31, 1800 — two dates. 2. EmUy, b. July 27, 1809. 3. RoxUlary, b. Dec. 21, 1812. 3-Davtd Elliot, son of 2-Joseph EUiot and Lydia Goodwin, m. Me- hitabel Farnum, dau. of Josiah Farnum. Their children were — 1. Ezekiel Famum, b. July 27, 1807. 2. Eben. Famum, b. July 4, 1809. 3. Luey Gerrish, b. July 23, 1812. 4. Enoch Brown, b. Dec 15, 1814. 5. SaUy Austin, b. March "23, 1816. 6. Luther Bolton, b. Dec. 28, 1820. 2-Richard Elliot, son of 1-Jonathan, m. Hannah. Their ch., GU- man, b. Dec. 1, 1802; Joel, b. Nov. 19, 1805 ; Caroline, b. Sept 20, 1808; Louisa, b. Aug. 16, 1810. ?This Jonathan, Jr.', could not have been the son of 1-Jonathan ; because, as stated above, Jonathan, son of 1-Jonathan, was born 1773, and was not of age to marry at this time. GENEALOGICAL. 655 THE FARNUM FAMILY. DESCENDANTS OF EPHRAIM, JOSEPH, ZEBEDIAH AND JOSLiH, WHO WERE ORIGINAL SETTLERS. BT ME. SIMEON ABBOT. EXPLANATION1 OF TBE PLAN OF GENEALOGY. The first column of figures on the left in parentheses, refers to notices of particular heads of families, and also like figures on the right of names on the right hand, refer to the same. The next column, connected by a hy phen, shows the number from the head descendant, and also the number of children in a family. The next, in Roman, shows the number of the generation from Ralph, the common ancestor. Thus : (3) 8 — 1. ILL Ephraim Farnum, (3,) means that Ephraim Farnum of the ILL gene ration from Ralph, is the 8th descendant from Ralph ; the 1st child of H. Ephraim, and the (3d) head of a family in order ; the (3) on the right hand refers to the (3) where Ephraim as a head of a famUy is found, and in HL Josiah, (51,) the latter figures show where in the genealogy the family of Josiah is noticed. (1) 1 — 1 I. Ralph Farnum is caUed the I. generation in this geneal ogy. He came from Wales, England ; settled in Andover, Mass. ; m. Elizabeth Holt, 1658. Their chUdren were : 2—1 H. Ralph, I 4—3 H. Henry, 1 6—5 H. Ephraim, (2.) 3—2 H. John, | 5—4 H. Thomas, | 7—6 H. Sarah. (2) H. Ephraim Farnum, (6 — 5,) d. in Andover, Mass. Five of his sons were among the first settlers of Concord, originally caUed Pennycook, viz. : 8—1 HL Ephraim, (3.) 11—4 HL Josiah, (51.) 9 — 2 HI. Joseph, (25.) 12 — 5 HL James, who soon mcved 10—3 ILL Zebediah, (42.) away. (3) HI. Ephraim Farnum, (8 — 1,) m. MoUy Ingalls ; Uved at Rattle snake Plain, (so caUed,) about two mUes from the old North meeting-house, on the road to Boscawen. His children were : 13—1 IV. Ephraim, b. Sept. 21, 1733, (4.) 14—2 IV. Benjamin, b. March 21, 1739, (11.) _ (4) IV. Ephraim Farnum, (13 — 1,) m. Judith HaU, of Bradford, Mass. ; Uved on the homestead, dividing it with his brother Benjamin, who Uved a quarter of a mUe south of the paternal home ; d. . His chUdren were : 15—1 V. Naomi, h. Ap. 28, 1760, (5) MS — 2 V. John, d. young. 17—3 V. Judith, b. June 13, 1764, (6) 18-^ V. Sarah, b. Aug. 9, 1767, (7) 19—5 V. Moses, b. Oct. 20, 1769, (8) 20—6 V. Esther, b. Oct. 25, 1772,(9) 21—7 V. Susannah, b. June 3, 1781, (10) (5) V. Naomi Farnum, (15 — 1,) m. Capt John Chandler, of Boscawen, innholder. Their children were : John, Nathan, Ephraim, Mary, Susannah, Judith, Rhoda. (6) V. Judith Farnum, (17 — 3,) m. Jeremiah Chandler, of LoveU, Me. ; an early settler, and farmer. Their chUdren were : John Carter, m. Mehitable Hazelton, n. ch. Mary, m. PhiUp C. Johnson, 9 chUdren. 656 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 30—9 V. Lydia, b. Sept. 26, 1776. (18) 31—10 V. Jonath'n, bj'ly 26,1778.(19) 32—11 V. Nancy, b. Jan. 30, 1782. (20) 33— 12, V. Abiel, b. Apr. 24, 1780. (21) 34—13 V. Abigail, b. Oct. 30, 1783.(22) 35—14 V. Jerem'h, b.J'ly 29, 1785 (23) 36—15 V. Sarah, b. Mar. 29, 1787. (24) (7) V. Sarah Farnum, (18 — 4,) m. Nathan Carter, of Boscawen. Their children are : John, Jeremiah, Nathan, Judith. (8) V. Moses Farnum, (19 — 5,) 1 m. Rhoda Carter, by whom he had 3 ch. ; 2 m. Esther Carter, daughter of Ezra Carter, of West-Concord. His children were : Hannah G, m. John Rogers ; 5 ch. EmUy, m. Dea, Benj. Farnum ; 7 ch. Samuel. Moses H., m. Judith A. KUlburn ; 3 ch. Lavina, m. Asa P. Eastman ; 4 ch. ; Jennett, m. James Lougee;. 4 ch. (9) V. Esther Farnum, (20 — 6,) m. Ebenezer Eastman, of Franklin, merchant Their chUdren are : Judith, m. Caleb MerrUl ; no ch. Char lotte, m. Dudley Ladd ; 1 ch. Mary A., m. Dr. John L. Perley. Franklin, m. Mary Morrison ; 2 ch. (10) V. Susannah Farnum, (21 — 7,) m. Moses Coffin, of Boscawen. Their chUdren are : Rebecca, m. John Sanborn ; 12 ch. Lucy J., m. Sam'l R. Allen ; 3 ch. Peter, m. Eunice T. Couch ; 3 ch. Judith, d. Famum, m. Judith Gerrish ; 4 ch. Nehemiah C, m. Susan Rust ; 4 ch. Susan nah, m. Enoch L. Morrill, 4 ch. Esther E., m. Henry Peach ; 1 ch. (11) IV. Benjamin Farnum, (14 — 2,) m. Anna MerriU; Uved on the south half of the paternal homestead. His chUdren were : 22—1 V. Marv, b. Aug. 26, 1764. (12) 23—2 V. John, b. Jan. 2, 1766. (13) 24—3 V. Anna, b. March 18, 1767. 25—4 V. Benj'n,b. S'pt. 10, 1768. (14) 26—5 V. Ephraim, b. Apr. 5,1770.(15) 27— 6 V. Hains.b. Oct. 31,1771. (16) 28 — 7 V. Jonathan, b. Aug. 2, 1773. 29—8 V. Nathaniel, b. Apr. 1775, (17) (12) V. Mart Farnum, (22—1,) m. Dr. Abiel HaU, of Alfred, Me.; b. May 13, 1761 ; d. Oct. 1829. Their chUdren were: Abiel, m. EUzabeth Frost ; 3 ch. Ivory, m. Charlotte Kent ; 2 ch. John, m. Lucretia Little- field, 2 ch. David, m. Nancy Conant ; 4 ch. Mary, m. Rufus Sayward ; 4 ch. - Julia, m. Nathan D. Appleton ; 3 ch. Porter, m. Mary Dane ; 7 ch. (13) V. John Farnum, (23 — 2,) m. Sarah Thompson. His chUdren were: RosweU, m. Nancy Bigsby. John. Betsey, m. Sam'l Flanders. Rufus. CamiUa. Mary H. Thompson. AbigaU. George. (14) V. Benjamin Farnum, (25 — 4,) m. Azubah Graham. His chU dren were : MerriU. PoUy. Azubah. Sarah, m. Mr. Virgin ; 2 ch. (15) V. Ephraim Farnum, (26 — 5,) succeeded his father on the home stead ; m. Sarah Brown, of Plymouth. His chUdren were : Nancy. Jo seph B., m. Betsy MerrUl ; 3 ch. Susannah, m. Henry E. Moore ; 5 ch. Benjamin, m. Emily Farnum ; 7 ch. Lydia, d. Luther, killed. George and Harriet twins, d. Luther, m. Eugene Fay ; 1 ch., ¦ ^ GENEALOGICAL. 663 were: I. James Varnum, b. Aug. 18, 1804. 2. James V., 2d, b. Nov. 2, 1806. 3. Ruth, b. Sept. 23, 1808 ; d. Oct. 3, 1809. 4. Ruth C, b. Aug. 23, 1810. 5. Eleanor V., b. Sept. 16, 1812. 6. John V., b. AprU 5, 1814. 7. Benj. F., b. April 13, 1819. 8. Levi B., b. May 17, 1821 ; d. Through the solicitations of personal friends, Mr. Gale, who is stiU Uv ing, at the advanced age of 86 years, has consented that his portrait should have a place in our History. With the exception of the venerable Timothy Walker, son of the late Judge, he is understood to be the oldest native born man in town. Living in retirement, in the family of his son Benjamin F., he enjoys a healthful, happy and respected old age ; his eye bright ; his step quick, firm and elastic ; his form erect ; his countenance cheerful and benig nant, and his laugh as hearty as ever. He retains the manners and habits of a former generation — his bald head, his snowy locks, with a cue, neatly braided and tied with a ribbon ; bis staff and snuff-box, render his presence venerable and agreeable. Mr. Gale learned the trade of a blacksmith, and worked with his father in a shop that formerly stood near where the " lower Bank" buUding is, tiU he was about 26 years of age. He then opened a pubUc house, which stood opposite the new Phenix block, on Main street, and which he kept about forty successive years. Thus Mr. Gale, like his neigh bor and friend, the late Abel Hutchins, became widely known, and universally respected as a good landlord. As related on pages 322 and 323, Mr. Gale was Commissary in the " Oxford war," and several times went to Oxford, Mass., with companies of soldiers. Always fulfilling the duties of a good citizen, sustaining schools and the institutions of religion, and sharing in every effort to advance the growth of the town ; he has been distinguished for good temper, and for promptness and perseverance in accomplishing what he undertook. In. the fatal sickness of Dr. McFarland's second wife, in 180.1, whUe the Doctor was absent on a mission, in the Pigwacket coun try, Mr.. Gale volunteered to go, express, to inform him. Starting at day- fight, on horse-back, in the month of August, he rode to Meredith Bridge, and breakfasted ; thence, having exchanged his horse, he rode to Fryeburg — eighty miles from Concord — which he reached at nine o'clock in the even ing. There he found Dr. McFarland. Starting at early dawn next morn ing, they returned the same day as far as Sanbomton, and reached Concord the foUowing morning at ten o'clock. Mr. Gale had a principal agency in the laying out of a new road from Horse-hUl to Warner ; and to his Uberal exertions the people of the viUage, and the members of the Baptist society in particular, are indebted for the first beU, and the clock on the brick church. To purchase these Mr. Gale raised a subscription of about nine hundred doUars. Mr. Gale relates that at the time of his marriage the parish clergyman was absent, and the marriage service was performed by Parker Varnum, Esq., uncle of his wife — a prayer being offered by Rev. Humphrey Moore, then a Ucentiate, who was an invited guest. His wife, who was a pattern of neatness, industry and good manners, and a true " help-meet " in the cares and labors of a pubUc house, died AprU 3d, 1850, aged 74. 664 HISTORY OF CONCORD. On occasion of the funeral discourse, preached by Rev. Dr. Bouton, AprU 8, 1855, on the death of Richard Herbert and Abiel Walker, Mr. Gale and the late Levi Hutchins were present, as representatives of the most aged people of the town. Dr. Peter Green. Dr. Peter Green, son of Peter Green, Esq., of Lancaster, Ms., was bom Oct. 1, 1745, graduated at Harvard CoUege in 1766, commenced practice in Lancaster, where he buried his first wife, Martha Clark, who died June 8, 1770, one year after their marriage, of puerperal fever, both mother and chUd being buried in the same grave. He removed to Concord in 1772, where he was in extensive and successful practice more than half a century. After settling in Concord he married Ruth Ayer, of HaverhiU,Mass., by whom he had thirteen chUdren, five sons and eight daughters. Although on the stage of life when the habitual use of ardent spirit was the besetting sin, not only of the profession but of aU classes of persons, he was strictly temperate. He exhibited through a long life a consistent Christian profession. He was indefatigable in his attention to his patients, the poor as weU as the rich; always preferring, when possible, to administer with his own hand, his medicines, although it might cost him nights of wakefulness and toil ; never declining the most menial offices for the sick, when necessary. His practice was distinguished for the great simplicity of his medicines. To this may attributed in part his great reputation as " a good doctor for chU dren." He was always, kind to the poor in regard to his charges, never exacting a fee when he had reason to think its payment would occasion the least embarrassment He was one of the original members, if not one of the founders of the New-Hampshire Medical Society, and was elected an honorary member of the Massachusetts Medical Society. At the com mencement of the Revolutionary war he was appointed surgeon of one of the regiments raised by the government of this State ; but we do not learn how long he continued in service. Dr. Green Uved and died in a house, since burnt down, which stood directly opposite the new City HaU. He retained his active habits in old age. Like most physicians of his period, he rode on horse-back; and, when eighty years of age, would place one foot in the stirrup and mount from the ground into the saddle with the agility of a young man. The evening of his life was serene and peaceful. He spent much time in reading the Scriptures, with Scott's Commentary. He died March 31,' 1828, in the 83d year of his age. The chUdren of Dr. Green and Ruth Ayer were : 1. Martha, b. Sept. 26, 1774 ; d. unmarried. 2. Peter, b. June 24, 1776 ; d. of yeUow fever, in New York, 1800. 3. Samuel, b. Dec. 29, 1778 ; m. Fanny Harwood, of Shrewsbury, Mass. 4. AbigaU, b. May 3, 1781; d. y. 5. AbigaU, b. Aug. 9, 1782; d. unmarried, aged 37. 6. PoUy, or Mary, b. Dec. 26, 1784 ; 1 m. Moses H. Bradley ; 2 m., Nathan Stickney, no ch. 7. Thomas, b. Jan. 12, 1787 ; lost at sea in 1812. 8. GENEALOGICAL. 665 WUUam, b. Dec. 19, 1788 ; 1 m. Clarissa Harris, dau. of Rev. Walter Harris, D. D., of Dunbarton; 2 m. Harriet KimbaU, of Concord — four daughters. 9. Anna, b. May 26, 1791 ; m. Thomas D. MerriU, Esq., of Epsom. Mr. MerrUl was b. in Salem, N. H. ; went into trade in Epsom ; was selectman, town clerk one year, representative, and for about fifty years a man of extensive and beneficial influence in that town. In 184*9 he closed his business there and moved to Concord. In his last sickness, at his own residence, March 9, 1851, he professed his faith in Christ, re ceived baptism, and was admitted a member of the First Congregational church. He died AprU 12, 1851, aged 75. In his last will he made a leg acy of $1500 to the Congregational Church and Society in Salem, N. H., his native town; $1000 to the "Free Church" in Manchester; $1000 to the First Congregational Society in Concords $1000 to the South Congre- fitional Society in Concord ; $ 1000 to the American Colonization Society, and 1000 to the Academy in Pittsfield, N. H., leaving his widow in very com fortable circumstances. Dr. Green's tenth clhld was Eliza, b. April 5, 1793 ; m. Asaph Evans; d. 11. Charles Rufus, b. Feb. 11, 1795 ; m., and Uves in Georgia. 12. Ruth Ayer, b. Sept. 13, 1797 ; d. y. 13. Clarissa Dwight,. b. Nov. 17, 1799 ; m. Dr. Thomas Chadboume — see " Physicians." Ruth, the wife of Dr. Green, d. AprU 12, 1823, aged 69. THE HERBERT FAMILY. THE HERBERT HOUSE.* Lieut. Richard Herbert. Lieut. Richard Herbert came to Concord about 1752, and at first worked at his trade of shoe making. Tradition says he bought the first lot of * This cut and that of the new North Church were engraved by Mr. B. F. Allen, of Boston, ion of Mr. Ezra Allen, formerly of this town, and both were gratuitously furnishsd, as his contribution to this History. 666 HISTORY OF CONCORD. land sold by the proprietors on Main street, situated where the new City HaU is located. For this land, which was apparently a sand heap, he paid ten doUars, and in 1756 buUt the two-story house, called the " Dearborn house,'' which was recently removed to what is caUed FosterviUe — see page 514-515. He was frequently raUied by his neighbor land-holders for his singular pur chase, at such a price ; hut in 1854 the city paid six thousand doUars for the same land ; and, as Gov. Baker remarked at the laying of the comer stone of the new City HaU, this latter price was about equal to the compound interest of ten doUars, at six per cent, for one hundred years. About 1765 Lieut Herbert sold his house to Dea. David HaU, and built the house where his son, Capt Samuel Herbert, now Uves, and which is weU represented by the annexed cut ; and for a number of years carried on the manufacture of malt — page 521. In the Revolutionary war he was a Lieutenant in Capt Ebenezer Webster's company, and was in the battle of Bennington, in Col. Stickney's regiment After the battle he was one of a court-martial, held September 2, 1777, for the trial of two soldiers, on a charge of stealing " two horses and a quantity of other plunder." He was one of the town " Committee of Safety," in 1776 and 1777, and sustained other important offices of trust and responsibility. See List of Officers. Lieut Herbert is remembered for his original and pithy sayings, — exhibiting shrewdness and a knowledge of human nature. One of his neighbors, owing him a sum of money, which he found it difficult to coUect or to get a note for it renewed, Mr. Herbert had an interview with him before the late Charles Walker, Esq., and after urging a variety of motives in vain to induce his neighbor to pay or renew the note, suddenly taking him by the arm, he said — " Come, go with me down to the bank, and let Esq. Sparhawk weigh you in his money scales, to see if you' are an honest man !" This appeal decided the matter, and the note was renewed. After the passage of a new law by Congress, 1817, making provision for poor Revolutionary soldiers, Lieut. Herbert, then about ninety years of age, and in comfortable circumstances, having been introduced to President Monroe, on his visit to Concord, the same year, wrote and published in the N. H. Patriot the foUowing com munication : " Concord, May, 1818. " Lieut. Herbert gives his humble and hearty thanks to the President of the United States, that in his wisdom he recommended, and with the appro bation of Congress, has made ample provision for the poor who jeoparded their Uves in the high places of the field in defence of the sacred rights of America. Thanks be to God that their labors were blessed, and that we were not carried into captivity before our enemies. Now to the President : Give him long life and prosperity ; give him the wisdom of Solomon and the patience of Job ; make him victorous, happy and glorious, long to rule over us. Save the President ! Let his enemies bow and tremble before him. May his name be written in a bound book, and be read by twenty genera tions. God save the President !" GENEALOGICAL. 667 ' Descendants of Richard and Hannah Hall Herbert. [For the names and dates of this genealogy, I am indebted to Miss Alma J. Herbert] Richard Herbert, bom Dec. 31, 1729 ; died July 17, 1823. He was the first of the name in Concord, and the youngest child of James Herbert, who came to America from London, Eng., and settled in SaUsbury, Mass. He married Susanna Woodbury, of Rowlev, Mass. Richard Herbert m., Jan. 27, 1757, Hannah HaU; b. Nov. 31, 1735; d. Aug. 11, 1825, daughter of Joseph and Sarah HaU, of Bradford, Mass. Their children were — 2-Jonathan, h. Nov. 20, 1757. 2-James, b. Mar. II, 1759. 2-Richard, b. Oct 14, 1761. 2-Sarah, b. May 21, 1766. 2-Mary, b. Feb. 11, 1769. 2-Persis, h. Dec. 22, 1772. 2-Hannah, b. Aug. 21, 1775. 2-Samuel. 2- Charles, b. March 2, 1779. 2- Jonathan, never married, but remained in Concord through life, and for many years kept a store in the buUding on Main street, next north to that now occupied by Mr. J. D. A. West. When Jonathan was five years old he received a present of a Uttle manuscript book from his cousin John, of Newbury, Mass., written in a neat and ornamental hand, with the alpha bet, and drawings of various kinds of birds and quadrupeds, a ship, meet ing-house, mariner's compass, all which seemed to be original. On the first leaf was written : Jonathan Harbut, of Penacook, bis Book, Anno Dominy 1762. On the second leaf: John Harbut is ray name, And English is my nation ; Newbury my dwelling-place, And Christ is my salvation. When I am dead, and in my grave, And all my bones are rotten, You see, remember me — I may not be forgotten. January 10, 1762. Jonathan kept this Uttle gift till his death, Feb. 26, 1836, aged 79; then it was preserved as a sacred reUc by his brother Richard, and is now carefuUy treasured by the daughters of the family. 2-James Herbert, settled in Rumney, N. H. ; m. Nov. 12, 1784, OUve Gage, of Merrimack, his cousin. She was born July 14, 1767 ; d. Oct. 26, 1835; he d. Jan. 1, 1843. Their chUdren were — 1. John, h. Jan. 25, 1786; d. May 13, 1841; 1 m., March 17, 1812, Sarah Allen, by whom he had two chUdren, Samuel, b. Dec. 17, 1813, and Emeline, b. May 28, 1815; 2 m. Lydia DarUng, March 17, 1818. His son Samuel, attorney at law, m. Lydia M. Darling, Sept. 4, 1831. Their ch., seven, EUen Maria, d. at Thetford, Vt, Nov. 4, 1854 ; Carohne AdeUa, d. Nov. 22, 1845 ; Charles Wayland, Henry, d., Henry WnUiam, Mary Car oline, d., and John. EmeUne m. Robert Colby, Sept. 3, 1834. Their ch., three, Mary Adaline, Charles H., d., and Charles H. EmeUne H. Colby d. AprU 4, 1844. 2. Charles, M. D., b. May 15, 1789; d. at Concord, Oct. 28, 1S16. 3. Hannah, d. at the age of two years. 668 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 4. Sarah, b. Dec. 17, 1792 ; m. Samuel C. AUen, Jan. 23, 1813. Their ch., four, viz. : Man- H., Valeria, Thaddeus S., d., Charles J. Valeria 1 m. Hiram Keay, Nov. 7, 1836. Their ch., Orestes H., Francis LueUa. 2 m. Aaron Page, Oct 3, 1850 — one chUd, Herbert AUen. 5. Man", b. Nov. 10, 1796; d. at Rumney, Jan. 11, 1834, unmarried. 6. Richard, b. May 7, 1798 ; M. D. Dart'CoU. 1822; settled in Rowley, Mass. ; 1 m. Nancy KendaU, July 10, 1822, who d. Aug. 29, 1826. Their chUd, Helen Augusta, d. y. 2 m. Ann L. Lancaster, March 29, 1827. Their ch., WilUam Orestes, b. Dec. 27, 1827 ; d. Dec. 26, 1849, in San Francisco, Cal. ; Lydia Lancaster m. Gorham Thurber, Providence, R. I. ; Helen, Charles Hale, d. y., and Charles. 2-Richard Herbert, whose perfect likeness is here presented, was bom in the first house built by bis father, and attained to within one month of the same age. He died March 31, 1855, aged 93 years, 5 months and 17 days, being at the time the oldest native bom person in town. Mr. Herbert is weU remembered by a large portion of the inhabitants of the town. He always Uved in the neighborhood where he was born ; industrious, tem perate, and regular in his habits; an obliging and kind neighbor; of a retentive memory, and shrewd, and often witty in his observations. For several years, from about 1808 to 1818, carried on the butchering business, and hence was commonly called " butcher Herbert" He buUt the Merri mack house, and kept tavern in it at different times, about fourteen years. In 1842, at the age of eighty, Mr. Herbert, who had always been a sup porter of, pub lie worship and reUgious institutions, made a pubUc profession of religion in the First church, and his subsequent years were spent in com parative ease and retirement He generaUy rose at an early hour, in the summer and winter ; overlooked his affairs, and devoted a portion of each day to reading the scriptures. His health was uniformly good. In the last two or three years of his life he was in the habit of walking once a week from his house, about half a mue, to a barber's to be shaved. In winter he used a staff, which was a present to him, about five feet long, pointed at the end, and which he held in both hands ; placing it on the left side of him, it served the double purpose of holding him up and of shoving him along. His step was slow, measured and long. His venerable and singular appear ance when walking in the street with his staff, always attracted attention. His last sickness was short, seeming at first to be a slight influenza ; which, however, as it increased, alarmed his chUdren, all of whom, Uving near, gathered around him. When he expired he lay on his bed, gently ele vated by pillows, with both hands extended, Uke an old patriarch pronouncing a benediction. He retained his faculties to the last, and expired so easily that the moment of the change was hardly perceptible. 2-Richard Herbert, m. Sarah Wiggin, April 29, 1800, who d. May 5, 1851, aged 74. Their children were — 1. Charlotte, b. Jan. 27, 1801 ; m. James Woolson, July 5, 1836 — one chUd, Charlotte Augusta, b. Sept 24, 1840; he d. March 23, 1853, aged 51 years. 2. Sarah Odlin, b. May 24, 1803. 3. Gilbert, b. Dec. 24, 1805; d. Feb. 22, 1830. 4. Behnda, b. Dec. 4, 1808: m. Shadrach Seavev, Jan. 22, 1834. Their ch., GUbertH, b. Mav 5, 1835 ; EUen Augusta, b. May 31, 1837 ; MarshaU, b. July 10, (yt/ c A &^t£ ^Lesr^Le^^Z^ IM(BM,ma 3E31M2EM. AJei. 9 3 Yrs. GENEALOGICAL. 669 1841 ; d. Aug. 22, 1850. 5. Albert, b. May 22, 1812. 6. Mary Clark, b. Dec. 10, 1817. • 3 2-Sarah, m. John Odlin, Nov. 20, 1791 — one chUd, Charlotte, d. Feb. 10, 1793 ; she d. April 9, 1794. 2-MART, m. Maj. WUUam Preston, Rumney, N. H., Jan. 21, 1807; he d. Jan. 18, 1842. Their ch., Jonathan H., b." July, 1809 ; d. March 15, 1804; Hannah H., b. June 4, 1811; m. Hazen Webster, Oct. 3, 1833. Their ch. seven, viz. : Kendrick Brown, Amanda Jane, Mary P., WUUam P., Alma H., Esther Gould, . May 18, 1804. 6. Hannah, b. July 11, 1745. 2-Capt. Reuben Kimball. Capt Reuben KimbaU, son of David and Mary, born Jan. 3, 1730 ; m. Miriam Collins, Dec. 25, 1754. Miriam d. Feb. 17, 1792. He Uved at 43 674 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Sugar Ball, and was a very enterprising and useful citizen. [See Ust of officers, p. 538.] Their chUdren were — 1. Mary, b. Sept 14, 1755 ; d. Jan. 14, 1756. 2. David, b. Oct. 15, 175". 3. Benjamin, b. April 24, 1759. 4. Mary, b. June 29, 1762. 5. Anne, b. Nov. 18, 1763.* 6. Miriam, b. July 14, 1765. 7. Mehetabel, b. Sept. 1, 1766. 6. Phinehas, b. AprU 7, 1768; d. Aug. 14, 1768. 9. Sa rah, b. May 24, 1769. 10. Susanna, b. Sept 5, 1770 ; d. Oct. 13, 1770. 11. Susanna, b. Oct 18, 1771. 12. Simeon, b. Dec. 1, 1772. 13. Ruth, b. March 12, 1779. 14. EUzabeth, b. Oct 14, 1782. 2-Asa Kimball. Asa Kimball, son of David and Mary, bom Nov. 25, 1741 ; m. Mary . Their children were — 1. MeUen, b. Oct. 16, 1761. 2. Betsey, b. Nov. 2, 1765. 3. Asa, b. April 6, 1767. 4. John, b. June 25, 1769. 5. Reuben, b. Dec. 27, 1771. 6. PoUy, b. AprU 19, 1775. 7. WUUam, b. Aug. 14, 1777. 8. Jenny, b. May 19, 1780. 9. Moses, b. July 12, 1782. 3-Benjamin Kimball. Benjamin KimbaU, son of Reuben and Miriam, was born April 24, 1759; m. AbigaU Eastman, Nov. 25, 1789. Their chUdren were — 1. Gardner, b. Oct. 17, 1790 ; d. Aug. 20, 1799. 2. Mahala, b. Jan. 16, 1795. 3. Hazen, b. July 2, 1796 ; d. 1832, aged 36. 4. Mary, b. March 18, 1801. 5. Betsey, b. July 12, 1802. 6. Clarissa, b. Aug. 27, 1804; d. 7. Charlotte, b. Feb. 2, 1808. 3-Simeon Kimball. Simeon KimbaU, son of Reuben and Miriam, m. PoUy KimbaU. Their chUdren were — 1. PameUa, b. Jan. 3, 1800. 2. Mary, b. Dec. 18, 1804. 3. Hiram, b. Jan. 2, 1806. 4. Harriet, b. May 2, 1814. Philip Kimball. PhiUp KimbaU, probably a relative of David, came to this town from Bradford, Mass. His wife's name was Dorcas. The names of their chU dren on record are — 1. WUliam, b. June 19, 1738. 2. Mary, b. Dec. 11, 1741. 3. Susanna, b. April 12, 1747. PhiUp KimbaU Uved on the " Stevens place," where Mr. Samuel Curtis now fives. He was a famous hunter, weU acquainted with the manners and habits of Indians. In the time of Indian hostilities, men appointed to bring cows from the field went armed, but sometimes were not sufficiently cautious in other respects. At one time, observing a man foUowing the cows, with his gun supported in his arms, Kimball hid himself behind a large pine tree near the path, and as soon as the man had passed, sud denly stepped out and clasped him round the waist Supposing it to be an Indian, the man struggled and screamed. At length KimbaU let him go, saying, " When you go after the cows, start them on the way, but never follow ; take a circuit, and thus you 'U avoid the Indians, who are on the look out when the cows come from pasture." KimbaU was famous as a marksman, at shooting-matches. He would * The marriage portion of Anne Kimball, eldest daughter of Capt. Reuben Kimball, who was married to Simeon Eastman and moved to LandatT, this State, was one barrel of pork, a barrel of beef, one cow, a yoke of oxen.' A nock of sheep would have been given, but, on account of the ravages of tbe wolves, they were withheld. E. Walker. 13SA. JTOISSr 1KKMMA%% GENEALOGICAL. 675 fire, at arms' length, across the river at Tucker's ferry, and hit a mark the size of a doUar twice out of three times, and thus win a pistareen each shot* On the hUl westerly of Thomas D. Potter's is a rock called the " deer rock," on which KimbaU shot a noble buck. Mr. KimbaU died earlv in 1800, aged 88 years, Lieut. Phineas Kimball. Lieut Phineas KimbaU was a cousin of PhiUp ; came to Concord from Bradford, Mass., and settled at Appletown, east end of Turtle pond. He m. Lucy Pearl, of Boxford, Mass. He died Nov. 6, 1826, aged 80 years. Their chUdren were : 1. Pearl, h. March 20, 1772. 2. Hephzibah, b. Sept. 5, 1773. 3. MoUy, b. May 15, 1775. 4. Sarah, b. March 3, 1777. 5. Obadiah, b. Aug. 20, 1778. 6. Benjamin, b. March 11, 1781. 7. Robert, b. Nov. 15, 1783. 8. Betsey, b. July 12, 1787. Dea. John Kimball. Dea. John Kimball, son of Benjamin and PriscUla Hazen, was born at Bradford, Mass., Feb. 16, 1739. Anna Ayer, his wife, was daughter of Samuel Ayer and Ann Hazen, and was born at HaverhiU, Mass., Oct. 3, 1740. They were married at HaverhiU, Nov. 23, 1765. He died Dec. 31, 1817, aged 78. His wife survived him until March, 1819, when she died, aged 78. Their chUdren, aU born at Concord, were eight in number : 1. Hazen, b. Sept 8, 1767; merchant, in Savannah, Ga. ; d. Julv 16, 1819. 2. John, b. Oct. 3, 1769 ; m. Eunice White ; had 11 children ; lived in Barton, Vt, and died May 9, 1844. His wife died May, 1840. 3. Ben jamin, b. June 4, 1771; 1 m. Mehetabel Foster; 2 m. Rhoda Beman, and died at Concord, Oct. 4, 1818. 4. Anna, b. June 1, 1773; m. Robert Par ker, Esq., of Litchfield, 1793 ; and 2 m. Dea. John True, of Hampstead, 1820; and d. Aug. 18, 1850. 5. EUzabeth, b. April 17, 1775; m. Dr. Samuel Morril, Sept. 1802 ; d. Feb. 4, 1848. 6. Hannah, b. June 24, 1777 ; m. Rev. Sylvester Dana,t March, 1802 ; d. Nov. 16, 1846. 7. Sarah, b. Sept. 22, 1779 ; fives unmarried. 8. Samuel Ayer, b. March 3, 1782 ; m. Eliza Hazen, and lives on the homestead. Benjamin Kimball. Benjamin KimbaU, son of Dea. John KimbaU, b. June 4, 1771 ; m. Me hetabel Foster, of Canterbury. She died Sept. 23, 1803. His second wife was Rhoda Beman, whom he married in 1805. The chUdren by his first wife were : 1. Harriet, b. March 16, 1799. 2. Asa, b. Jan. 1, 1801. Mehetabel, his wife, d. Sept. 23, 1803. His second wife's chUdren : 3. Robert Parker, b. March 18, 1806. 4. Mary Ann, b. Dec. 13, 1807. Benjamin KimbaU died Oct. 4, 1818, aged 47. His wife, Rhoda, d. May 14, 1852. Samuel Ayer Kimball. [See Graduates.] Samuel Ayer KimbaU, Esq., m. EUza Hazen, daughter of John Hazen, ' Esq., of Burton, Province of New-Brunswick. Their chUdren were : 1. John Hazen, b. July 14, 1823. 2. Samuel Sparhawk, b. March 1, 1825. 3. PrisciUa Hazen, b. March 2, 1827. 4. George Leonard, b. Nov. 2, 1828. 5. Ann Ayer, b. April 17, 1830. Dea. John Kimball, whose exceUent likeness is herewith presented, united with the church in his native town, at the age of eighteen, and * Tradition by C E. Potter, t Sue notice at the close of " Kimball Family." 676 HISTORY OF CONCORD. through a long life honored that profession. The Sabbath was his deUght. During thh-ty years of bis early life he was absent but once from pubUc worship, and that caused by a death. " Given to hospitahty," preachers of the gospel were his frequent guests. He highly valued their society, and among them were his most beloved and intimate friends. Long an officer in the church, its welfare, the welfare of souls, lay near his heart. A few months before his death he attended a meeting of the General Association, at Exeter, and while enjoying the reUgious services, and the delightful intercourse of Christian friends, his youth seemed " renewed like the eagle's ;" but in a few days after his return, sudden illness seized him, and although partiaUy recovering from the first attack, he walked thought fully as one treading the shores of eternity. Precious and full of instruc tion were those last days to the favoredfew who shared them. He de parted in peace, with full trust in his Saviour, on the evening of December 31, 1817 : the first death in the famUy, after keeping house fifty-two years. Dr. McFarland, on the next Sabbath, preached from Revelations, 14 : 13 : " Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord." In the conclusion of his dis course, Dr. McFarland said, in reference to Dea. KimbaU : " A few hours before the year closed, the elder deacon in this church finished his labors and sufferings here below. He was a member of the visible church of Christ nearly sixty years, and for almost thirty had sus tained an office in this particular church. He discharged every official duty with promptness and conscientious fideUty. The Sabbath was a day of sacred rest to him, and he was careful to have it sanctified in his house. In the various relations of life he was distinguished by an uniform tenor of kindness, hospitality and piety. In society he was a peace-maker, and in all his transactions he aimed to keep a conscience void of offence both towards God and man." Mrs. KimbaU was a true help-meet to him during the fifty years of their married life. To her mother she was indebted for aU her education, except ing five weeks at school to learn the art of writing. In that school she won the distinction of being one of the two best speUers. In her youth she taught school in " HaverhiU town," and through life was very fond of read ing. In 1769 she united with the church in Concord, under Rev. Mr. Walker, for whom she ever entertained great affection. After her hus band's death her health declined, but her mind retained its strength, and seemed fast ripening for Heaven. Her last words, addressed to her minister the evening before, were : " Pray for the spread of the gospel" To that object she gave her last dollar. The Rev. Sylvester Dana was bom at Ashford, Conn., July 4, 1769, son of Anderson Dana, and a descendant of the fifth generation from Rich ard Dana, a French Protestant, who came to this country about 1640, and settled in Cambridge, now Brighton, Mass. In 1772 he removed with hie parents to the Wyoming VaUey, in Pennsylvania, where his father, in 1778, was massacred by the Indians. Returning with his mother to Connecticut, GENEALOGICAL. 677 he worked at fanning until sixteen years of age. In 1793 he entered Yale CoUege, and united with the college church in his Sophomore year. After graduating, 1797, he studied divinity with Dr. Backus, of Somers, Ct. In 1799 was employed as a missionary by the Connecticut Missionary Society, in Western New-York. In May, 1801, was ordained pastor of the Congre gational church in Orford, this State, where he remained twenty-one years. Preached four years in Thornton, and with his famUy moved to Concord in 1837. WhUe resident in Concord he preached, as he had opportunity, in various places. Mr. Dana was an able and faithful minister, a devoted Christian, and exemplary in life. After the death of his wife he Uved in more retirement, occupying a part of the house owned by Mr. Shadrach Seavey, near the new North meeting-house, where, assiduously attend ed by bis daughter Hannah, he died in the faith and hope of the gospel, June 9, 1849, aged 80. The ministers of the town attended his funeral as bearers. The Rev. Dr. Bouton preached a discourse from the words, " The hoary head is a crown of glory, if it be found in the way of righteousness." The chUdren left by Rev. Sylvester and Hannah Dana were, Rev. Charles B., rector of an Episcopal Church, Alexandria, Va. ; Sylvester, attorney at law, Concord ; Anne K., who m. Dr. Reuel Barrows, of Fryeburg ; and Hannah, who m. Rev. S. S. Tappan, and d. AprU 19, 1855, at Providence, R. L, but was buried in Concord, by the side of her parents. A neat monument is erected to the memory of the venerable father, in the old burying-ground in Concord. Stephen Kimball. Stephen Kimball, a cousin of Dea. John KimbaU, came from Bradford, Mass., to Concord, about 1780. He was a shoe-maker. His shop stood near where Mr. Charles Moody now Uves, at the north end of Main street. At first Mr. K Uved in a one-story house on the south side of West's brook, where Mr. John Titcomb's wheelwright shop now is. Afterwards, about 1786 or 1787, he buUt and Uved in the house where Hon. Samuel Morril now Uves — the old one-story house being used for a school-house, subse quent to the conflagration of the school-house by the buryiDg-ground at the North end. Soon after this, Mr. KimbaU moved with his famUy to East-Hanover, where he bought and carried on a large farm. His house in Concord was sold to Rev. Israel Evans. Stephen Kimball, m. Betty WUson, of Exeter. Their chUdren were : 1. Betsey, b. Oct. 20, 1774. 2. Stephen, b. March 9, 1776 ; died. 3. Increase, b. Oct. 26, 1777. 4. Moses, b. Nov. 11, 1779. 5. Mehetabel, b. Jan. 25, 1782. 6. John Wilson, b. Oct. 25, 1783 ; d. Oct. 3, 1784. 7. John WUson, b. Jan. 18, 1787. 8. WilUam, b. Jan. 4, 1789. William Low and the "Amherst Colony." About fifty years ago, and within a short period of each other, several active and enterprising young men came from Amherst to this town. They were WilUam Fisk, Peter Robertson, WilUam Low, (whose portrait is here presented,) Benjamin Damon, Francis N. Fisk, Isaac Hill, and a few years 678 HISTORY OF CONCORD. later, Joseph Low. These gentlemen, associating together as they often did, were called the "Amherst Colony;" and, with a single exception, they have proved to be a permanent and valuable acquisition to. the town. WU Uam Fisk, who married Margaret Dodge, settled in the West Parish viUage, in the house, then one story, where the Rev. Asa P. Tenney now Uves, and there had a family of five chUdren : Mary C, WUUam P., David D., Sarah and Clarissa. He worked at his trade of shoe-making about twenty-five years, when he moved to Main street. His son, David D. Fisk, is at this time (1855,) mayor of the city of Portsmouth, Va. Mr. Fisk died Octo ber 9, 1854, aged 76. Mr. WUUam Low and Benjamin Damon came to Concord together, in January, 1806, and went into partnership in the chair-making and painting business. They commenced in the "Wilkins house," which stood where the " Merchants' Exchange " now is, where they remained one year and nine months, paying a rent of about thirty-five dollars. Next they moved to the house buUt by Mr. Low, on the corner of Main and School streets, and which was afterwards the residence of Mr. Low's farnily. Soon after commencing business they bought a load of unpainted chairs, (about one hundred,) from Peterborough, at which the neighbors expressed great sur prise, saying, " You '11 never sell so many chairs in your lifetime !" Next they bought a buUding which had been occupied for a cabinet-shop by Levi Bartlett, now of Boston, and moved it from the " Fessenden place " to the rear of Mr. Low's house, where, with some additions, it now constitutes the post-office for the city. In this buUding Messrs. Low and Damon carried on their business eighteen years, when they dissolved partnership. Before he came to Concord Mr. Low married Grace G. Nichols, of Am herst^ June 9, 1803, who survives him, having no children. In January, 1811, Mr. Damon married Sophia N., a sister of Mrs. Low, and buut him a house on the corner opposite Mr. Low's house. For his house-lot con taining one hundred square rods of land, he paid four hundred doUars. Mr. Damon relates, that when Mr. Low moved his goods from Amherst to Concord he had a team of three horses, on the forward one of which Joseph Low rode postillion, for which service he received twenty cents, one third of which, I have the best authority for saying, was spent the same day for candy. Thus, in his boyhood, the future mayor made his first triumphal entrance into the city ! Entrusting business affairs chiefly to the untiring industry and honesty of his partner, Mr. Low in a few years became deeply interested in national and State politics, warmly espousing the Democratic cause, in conjunction with his neighbor and friend, Isaac HiU, whom he had pursuaded to come to Concord as a printer and editor. Under Gen. Jackson's administration, (1829,) Mr. Low was appointed postmaster in place of his brother, Gen. Joseph Low, which office he held about ten years. In town meetings he was a ready, pithy and smart debater — always brief and to the point — sometimes with a spice of wit, and sometimes of "grit." In his latter years ?•& » I v.f'-S".* Concord. GENEALOGICAL. 679 he was afflicted with nervous complaints that impaired his health and hap piness ; but he never lost his interest either in the prosperity of the town or in pohtical affairs. A friend remarked of him — " He was always an ardent man, but never was there a more honest man in the cause of his country." Mr. Low died on Sabbath evening, May 9, 1847. On the same day the particulars of the victory of Gen. Scott at Cerro Gordo, April 17, reached town, and Mr. Low was rejoicing in the success and glory, of the American arms. Hon. Isaac HiU, who visited him in the afternoon of that day, said, " The countenance of joy lightened up the last day of the patriot. We left him almost in a haUucination on this theme." Retiring to his room after nine o'clock, he complained that he could not rest, and returned to his chair, in which, in less than one hour, he breathed his last. A numer ous attendance at his funeral evinced the high respect in which he was gen- eraUy held by his feUow citizens. Respecting the other "Amherst" gentlemen whose names stand in this connection, it may be proper to add that Mr. Damon stUl Uves on the spot where he first built — an efficient member of the First Bap. church and society — has had three chUdren, viz. : 1. Mary Ann, who married WiUiam W. Estabrook, and lives in San Francisco, Cal. ; 2. George N., who m. Caroline Nichols, and died Nov. 8, 1849 ; 3. Charles B., m. Harriet W. Jennison, of Worcester, Ms., and Uves in Boston. Hon. Francis N. Fisk, for many years a successful trader at the North end, married into the " Walker famUy," which see. Gen. Joseph Low married into the "Abbot famUy," which see. Isaac Hill's biography is written. Capt. Peter Robertson and his wife, SaUy Hazeltine, when first married were accounted " the hand somest couple in Concord." Capt. Robertson is a failure. Descendants of Dea. John Merrill. [Furnished by Rev. Samctil H. Mcseill, of Oldtown, Me.] Dea. John MerriU [see p. 137] came from HaverhiU, West Parish, Mass. ; he married Lydia Haynes. His three oldest chUdren were probably born in HaverhiU, as their baptism is recorded there, though not their birth. The following were his chUdren : 1. Moses, m. Dorcas Abbot, of Concord, 1748, and settled in Pembroke. His children were — Penelope, Moses, Dorcas, Lydia, Betsey and Nehemiah. 2. Thomas, baptized 1729 ; 1 m. Phebe Abbot, and settled in Conway, N. H. His children were — Thomas, who m. Hannah Ambrose ; William, never married ; Enoch, m. Mary Ambrose ; Amos, m. Lydia WiUey ; Phebe, m. Col. Eastman. For his second wife, Thomas m. widow Johnson, by whom he had two children, viz. : Stephen, m. a Bailey ; Mehitable, m. R. Crocker. For his third wife, Thomas m. widow Ambrose, and had one child, viz. : Jonathan, m. Lydia Merrill. For his fourth wife, Thomas m. a widow Cummings, and had two children, viz. : John, M. D., m. Mary S. Boyd. Benjamin, Esq., never married ; died in Salem. 3. John, m. Rebecca Abbot, and settled in Pembroke ; was in the Con- 680 HISTORY OF CONCORD. tinental service in 1776. His children were — Rebecca, b. Aug. 16, 1751; m. Abner Famum, 1769. Lydia, b. Feb. 19, 1753. Penelope, b. Oct. 15, 1754. John, b. June 14, 1756. These three sons, whose famuies are given above, were with their father in the garrison in 1746 — p. 155. 4. Hannah, d. in infancy. 5. Jonathan, b. Feb. 10, 1733 ; m. Mary Farnum, and settled in HiU, N. H. Their children were— John, b. Oct. 6, 1760. Jonathan, b. Dec. 23, 1761 ; d. in infancy. Man', b. Dec. 31, 1763. Sarah, b. April 26, 1766. Lvdia, b. Nov. 13, 1761 John, b. March 9, 1769. Lucy, b. Feb. 7, 1771. Jonathan, b. Sept 6, 1772. Moses, b. Dec. 28, 1774. 6. Hannah, b. Feb. 10, 1735 ; lm.lt. Eastman; 2 m. I. OdeU, Conway. 7. Nathaniel, b. Nov. 4, 1738 ; m. Ann Walker, and settled in Brown- field, Me. Their ch., Nathaniel, m. Phebe MerriU. John, b. July 9, 1769 ; m. Martha Walker. Sarah, b. May 2, 1771 ; m. Enoch Merrill Lydia, m. Jonathan MerriU. Isaac, m. Hannah Eastman. Moses, b. Mar. 17, 1777 ; m. Sally MerriU. James W., b. March 4, 1779 j m. DoUy Ulmer. Samuel, b. Dec. 19, 1780 ; 1 m. Phebe Goodenow ; 2 m. Dorcas Eastman. PoUy ; Ruth, m. Joseph Colby. Nancy, never married. Betsey, m. Amos Eastman. Judith, m. Walter Edgecomb. Thomas H., M. D., b. April 29, 1789 ; m. Eliza Ward. 8. Sarah, b. AprU 24, 1741 ; m. Daniel Chandler. 9. Ann, b. Dec. 20, 1743 ; m. Benjamin Farnum, of Concord. 10. Abigail, b. Dec. 9, 1746 ; m. Tappan Evans, of Warren. 11. Lydia, m. Amos Foster, of Pembroke. Thus the number of Dea. John MerriU's chUdren was eleven. The num ber of his sons' chUdren (for I have not traced daughters' chUdren) was forty-three. The whole number of his descendants from the male branches is not far from five hundred. Among these are seven ministers, two law yers and two physicians. S. H. Merrill. Rufus MerriU, son of Enoch and Sarah MerriU, b. in Conway, June 19, 1803 ; m. Sophia Barker West, b. Feb. 7, 1812, of Concord, and settled in Concord and keeps a bookstore. THE MOULTON FAMILY. Henry Moulton. Henry Moulton, bom at Hampton, 1732 ; married Betsey Mace, who was born at the Isles of Shoals, and removed to Concord in 1772. He died in 1817, aged 85. His wife died in 1818, aged 85. Their chUdren were: 1. Jonathan, m. Hannah Virgin ; 2. Betsey, m. Peter Pressey, of San- down ; 3. Judith, m. James Ayer, of Canada East ; 4. James, b. at San- down, March 5, 1767 ; 5. Mary, m. James Eastman; 6. Henrv, m. Susan Stevens ; 7. Sally, m. Samuel Brown ; 8. Hannah, m, Wheatley, of Lebanon. James Moulton, Sen. James Moulton, son of Henry Moulton and Betsey Mace, b. at San- down March 5, 1767, 1 m. SaUy Virgin, who d. soon after their marriage ; 2 m. Anna Johnson, of Woburn, Ms. Their chUdren were : 1. James Moulton, Jr., b. Nov. 11, 1798; 1 m. Rebecca A. Chandler, who d. AprU 23, 1844. Their chUdren were : James Henry, Susan Rebecca, WilUam Richmond, Edward Augustine, Ann Maria, Helen Chandler. Second m. Betsey Souther, March 31, 1846. GENEALOGICAL. 681 2. George W., b. Dec. 14, 1799 ; m. wid. Mary Eastman, dau. of Sim eon KimbaU. 3. Daniel Johnson, b. March 5, 1801 ; d. June 25, 1831, aged 30. 4. Anna, b. May, 1803. 5. WUUam, died in infancy. Mrs. Anna Moulton d, Feb., 1848, aged 76. Jonathan Moulton. Jonathan Moulton, son of Henry Moulton and Betsey Mace, m. Hannah Virgin. Their chUdren were : 1. Jonathan, b. Jan. 30, 1792. 2. Hannah, b. Aug. 29, 1794 ; m. Dr. Benjainin Parker. • 3. Phebe, d. y. 4. David Virgin, m. Marcia Conner, and d. at the West. 5. Paulina, m. Charles Lane, and d. Henry Moulton, Jr. Henry Moulton, son of Henry and Betsey Mace, m. Susan Stevens. Their chUdren : 1. Mace Moulton, sheriff of Hillsborough County, and member of Con gress, 1846 and 1847 ; m. DoUy Steams. Their chUdren were : Eliza Jane, Henry De Witt and Charles. 2. Henry. 3. Simeon Stevens. Henry Moulton for several years kept tavern at Hooksett, and afterwards at Andover, N. H., where he and his wife both died. James Osgood. James Osgood, from Andover, Mass., was son of John, an original pro prietor, who was bom at Andover, 1682, and died in Concord in 1765, aged 83 ; who was son of John, d. 1725 ; son of John, d. 1693 ; son of John, who came from Andover, England, and settled at Andover, Mass., previous to 1645, and died in 1651, aged 56. James, son of 4-John, the proprietor, m. Hannah Hazen, dau. of Richard Hazen, of Boxford, Mass. Their chU dren were: 1. Anna, b. July 18, 1732; m. Col. Thomas Stickney, — see Stickney fanuly,— and d. Jan. 20, 1802. 2. Samuel, b. July 13, 1734; m. Jane Webster. 3. EUzabeth, b. May 12, 1736; m. 4. James, b. Aug. 27, 1738 ; m. Anna Webster. 5. Benjamin, b. Sept. 29, 1740 ; m. Miriam Stickney. 6. Hannah, b. Aug. 1, 1743 ; m. CoL Andrew McMillan, Nov. 12, 1761, and had twelve children, viz.: Sarah, Martha, Hannah, Lewis, James, Catherine, John, Jane, Nancy, Elizabeth, Sophia, Gilbert Martha m. Dr. WiUiam Chadboume, father of Dr. Thomas Chadboume, of Concord. 7. WiUiam, b. Feb. 19, 1747 ; d. y. 8. John, m. Sarah Danford. 9. Rich ard Hazen, m. Susanna Swan. Their son, Robert Parker, b. May 8, 1789. Richard Hazen Osgood d. at Conway, 1796. Christopher Osgood m. Anne . Their ch., Anne, B. Oct. 2, 1795. Benjamin Parkir. [See p. 138.] The descendants of Benjamin Parker, one of the original proprietors, who settled in Concord, were Enoch Parker and Asa Parker, sons of the late Dea. Asa Parker, of Andover, Mass., who was an only child of Benja min, the proprietor. Enoch settled on the eighty acre lot, No. 99, on Horse bill, so called, which was drawn to the right of Benjamin. He removed to Andover, Mass., about the year 1808, with his whole family. 682 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Asa, son of Asa, and grandson of Benjamin, after having served out his time in the Revolutionary army at West Point, as a drafted man from An dover, settled in Concord, and married the widow Sarah Thompson WiUard, in 1786. Their chUdren: 1. Isaac Marble, b. Jan. 19, 1787 ; m. and lives at Meredith Bridge. 2. Man-, b. Sept. 25, 1788. 3. Benjamin, b. Sept 27, 1790; Uves on the homestead with his sisters, Mary and Sally B., No. 12 Center street 4. John, b. Aug. 6, 1793; d. Aug. 12, 1795. 5. SaUy Bartlett, b. Aug. 15, 1796. 6. John Adams, b. Oct. 26, 1798; m. and Uves in the city of New-York ; a merchant and distinguished mathematician. Asa Parker d. Sept. 1, 1803, aged 42. Sarah.bis wife, d. Jan. 10, 1815, aged 54. Enoch Parker, brother of Asa, who moved back to Andover, m. Eliz abeth . Their children were : 1. Sally, b. AprU 23, 1787. 2. Apphia, b. Sept. 11, 1789. 3. John,b. March 17, 1793. 4. Moses, b. May 4, 1797 : whose names are on the Town Records. They had, also, EUza, OUve, Mehitable, and son Enoch, whose names are not recorded. Eliza, dau. of Enoch Parker, m. John Marble, of Bradford, Mass., and was the mother of Rev. Newton E. Mar ble, D. D., now of Concord. Joseph Parker. Joseph Parker came to Concord about 1821, not related to the preced ing. He was born in Pembroke, Nov. 3, 1781 ; m. Esther Chapman. He worked on the granite ledge a number of years ; was the first overseer of the alms house and town farm, and a respected and useful citizen. He left Concord in 1834, and now resides in Lancaster, Mass. His wife, Esther C, d. Their chUdren, as recorded in the town records — 1. Lucretia, b. May 4, 1807. 2. Martha, b. Nov. 30, 1808. 3. Caleb, [Dea. in South Ch.,] b. Sept. 8, 1810. 4. Lvman, b. Jan. 2, 1812. 5. Horace, b. AprU 5, 1814. 6. Joseph, b. April 30, 1817. 7. Horace, 2d, b. Aug. 15, 1819. 8. George A., b. May 8, 1821. 9. Mary Esther, b. Julv 10, 1823. 10. Lucy Ann, b. March 9, 1826. 11. Lucretia, 2d, b. Aug. 19, 1829. David Parker. David Parker m. Jane '¦ — . Their children — 1. Charles Thomas, b. Sept. 5, 1812 ; 2. David, b. Nov. 12, 1814 ; 3. Jane Maria, b. Aug. 13, 1817 ; 4. Nancy Herbert, b. Sept. 25, 1821. Jeremiah Pecker, Supposed to be a descendant of John Pecker, an original proprietor from HaverhiU — see p. 138 ; 1 m. Ruth, dau. of Capt. Reuben KimbaU. Their chUdren were : 1. Mary Eastman, b. July 21, 1804; d. y. 2. Robert Eastman, b. Ap. 29, 1807 , 1 m. Esther J. tang ; d. Ap. 2, 1847, aged 37. Their chUdren, Francis H. ; Ellen M., d. ; Mary E., d. ; Robert L. and Harriet. 2 m. wid. Emeline A. Estabrook. 3. WilUam, b. Jan. 23, 1809; m. Oct. 9, 1834, Susan D. Chandler ; two chUdren, Susan E. and Ruth K. 4. Jeremiah, b. June 4, 1813; m. Mary L. Eastman, Aug. 11, 1835; he d. Ap. 2, 1847, leaving three chUdren. Ruth, wife of Jeremiah Pecker, d. Feb. 26, 1815, GENEALOGICAL. 683 aged 36. He 2 m. wid. Mary Lang, dau. of Jonathan Eastman, Esq., and had chUdren ; 5. Samuel L., b. Sept 18, 1823 ; d. 6. Ruth Maria, b. Dec. 23, 1825 ; m. Joseph A. Merriam. 7. Seth Eastman, b. Feb. 15, 1828; m. in Boston. 8. George Bradley, b. Mar. 4, 1732; d. Dec. 8, 1841. 9. Mary, h. Sept. 5, 1834. THE POTTER FAMILY. [Chiefly by Hon. C. E. Potter.] Ephraim and Richard, brothers, with their sister Elizabeth, came to Con cord from Ipswich about 1771. Ephraim and Richard bought land together on the northerly side of Turtle pond, and afterwards divided it " equaUy, as to quahty and quantity." The ancestors of Ephraim and Richard were among the early settlers of New England. Their father, Daniel, born Jan uary, 1698, married EUzabeth KimbaU, of Wenham, Mass., November 29, 1728. He was son of Anthony, who was son of Anthony, who settled in Ipswich, 1648 ; son of Robert, of Lynn, 1630, who came to this country from the city of Coventry, in England. Ephraim and Richard had brothers Daniel and Anthony, and sisters Martha and EUzabeth, and others who died young. Richard Potter and Descendants. Richard Potter, b. March 17, 1744, m. Aug. 10, 1766, Lydia AverUI, of Topsfield, Mass., who was b. July 22, 1733. When he took possession of his farm, in 1771, it had upon it a log house and a hovel, " which had been buUt by Mr. John Hoyt, who first pitched upon the lot," but after wards moved to the north side of Oak HiU. Mr. Potter moved his famUy the ensuing spring. " His property at this time consisted of one hundred and thirty doUars in cash, which he paid towards his farm ; a horse, a three years old heifer, a bed, and some few cooking utensUs. With these, his wife and chUd upon horse-back, his goods upon a barrow, attached to the horse; himself driving the heifer, he started for Concord — then the land of promise. They performed the journey in two days, stopping over night in ' Chester Woods,' near Massabesic pond, at ' old Mother Under- hih's,' who kept a weU-known tavern upon the ' Penacook path.' Arrived upon their farm, they went to work with a wiU. Of robust make, strong constitution, and industrious habits, their new home soon exhibited evidences of thrift." In the Revolution, Mr. P. served six weeks on Whiter hill, under Gen. Sullivan. His name and his brother Ephraim's are on the Association Test, 1776. In the winter of 1782 his leg was "smashed," as related pp. 283-4, recovering from which he enjoyed uninterrupted health through a period of about fifty years. He died July 5, 1828, aged 84 years. His wife, Lydia, d. Aug. 8, 1824. Their children were two — Lydia and Joseph. Lydia, b. in Topsfield, March 2, 1768 ; 1 m. Thomas Stevens, and settled in Loudon, upon a farm given her by her father ; 2 m. David Rollins, and d. of lock-jaw, in September, 1839. 684 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Joseph Potter, son of Richard and Lydia, b. Sept 20, 1772, in Con cord ; m. AprU 25, 1793, Nancy Drake, dau. of Thomas Drake, formerly of Hampton, N. H. She was b. Oct. 25, 1774, and died very suddenly of dropsy of the heart; — see p. 460 — a woman of kind and affectionate spirit, and much force of character. He died Feb. 1, 1853, aged 80 years. Their chUdren were — 1. Richard, b. Oct 3, 1793 ; 1 m. Sarah Drake, of New-Hampton, b. June 29, 1793 ; d. Nov. 18, 1839. Their chUdren— Ann, b. Nov. 3, 1812 ; George Washington, b. Aug. 23, 1816 ; AbigaU Julina, b. March 25, 1818. He 2 m. June, 1840, DoUy Hutchins, dau. of the late Ezra Hutehins, for merly of Concord, and son of CoL Gordon Hutchins. Mr. Potter now resides in Bangor, Me. 2. Thomas Drake, b. Jan. 13, 1796 ; m. July 11, 1820, Eunice Marden, b. Sept 30, 1801— dau. of John Marden, Esq., of Chichester. Their chil dren—Joseph Haydn, b. Oct 12, 1821 ; Thomas, b. Dec 8, 1823 ; John, b. June 22, 1826 ; Ann Eliza, b. March 30, 1828 ; Emma KeUey, b. July 26, 1830; Clara Stevens, b. Dec. 5, 1832; Martha Jane, b. March 20, 1835 ; Lvdia KimbaU, b. July 14, 1837 ; Alnah KimbaU, b. March 31, 1840; Frank Pierce, b. Nov. 2, 1842; Mary Adams, b. AprU 17, 1845. Their oldest son, Joseph H., was educated at the MUitary Academy, at West Point ; was wounded in the battle of Monterey, and is now lieutenant in the United States Army. See p. 479. Thomas D. Potter, Esq., Uves on the old homestead of his grandfather Richard. 3. Jacob AveriU, b. Julv 22, 1798; m. Dec. 25, 1826, Sophronia Moore, b. Julv 17, 1801, dau. of Thomas Moore, of Loudon. Their chUdren are, Isaac Frye, b. Nov. 8, 1827 ; Charles H., b. May 1, 1831; Mary EUen, b. July 15, 1832 ; Ann Maria, b. March 17, 1835 ; d. April 5, 1836 ; Laura Ann, b. June 28, 1837. Hon. Jacob A. Potter owns and resides upon the farm first Rettled on by Mr. Ephraim Potter, brother of his grandfather Richard. In 1844 he was appointed Associate Justice of the Court of Common Pleas for Merrimack County, which office he resigned in 1853. 4. Chandler Eastman, [see graduates,] b. March 7, 1807 ; m. November, 1832, Clara A., b. May 28, 1803, dau. of John Underwood, Esq., of Ports mouth. Their children, Joseph, b. June 22, 1833, and Ann, t>. June 22, 1833; d.; Treat Wentworth, b. Jan. 1, 1836; Drown, b. Feb. 8, 1838. Mrs. Potter d. of erysipelas, March 19, 1854, aged 51. Ephraim Potter and Descendants. Ephraim Potter, an elder brother of Richard, was a sailor, but when not at sea worked at various kinds of mechanical business. He made exceUent wooden clocks, and some of the first clocks used in Concord were of his make. He built and raised the four square steeple and the spire of the old North Meeting-house, and the cupola and vane of the old Town House, (see pp. 286 and 306.) Ephraim was a man of good property for that day, but he brought into the country that besetting sin of the sailor — love of strong drink ; and, although a man of superior intelligence, yet in a few years he became involved, and at his death left his famUy in indigent cir cumstances. His farm, which adjoined his brother Richard's on the north, was bought by the latter at pubUc auction. Ephraim m. Sarah Cory, in 1777. Their children— 1. Ephraim, b. April 5, 1778 ; d. in Warren. 2. Patty, b. Dec. 17, 1779; m. John Potter, of Ipswich, Mass. 3. Daniel, b. July 13, 1782; d. at Concord. 4. John, b. Feb. 7, 1785 ; d. at sea. 5. SaUy, b. March 5, GENEALOGICAL. 685 1787. 6. Richard, b. April 11; 1789; d. at Concord. 7. Benoni, b. Ap. 17, 1791 ; a soldier in the war, 1812 ; never returned. 8. Lemuel, b. June 22, 1793 ; Uves in Conway. 9. Nancy, b. May 12, 1797 ; m. a Perkins, in Bartlett Ephraim d. in 1806. EUzabeth Potter, sister of Ephraim and Richard, d. unmarried. Anthony Potter, son of Anthony, of Ipswich, and nephew of Ephraim and Richard, came to Concord a minor, probably about 1772, and when of age settled south of Richard. He 1 m. Mary Shute, dau. of John Shute, Oct. 21, 1790; she d. June 18, 1792. Their only chUd, Thomas, b. Jan. 7, 1792 ; m. and settled on the homestead ; was selectman ; d. Ap. 9, 1847, aged 55. ChUdren not recorded. Anthony 2 m. DoUy Goodwin, Oct. 13, 1793. Their chUdren were: Mary Shute, b. July 18, 1794; Jenny, b. Oct 8, 1795; d. Aug. 12, 1800; WUUam, h. Feb. 7, 1798; d. Aug. 5, 1800; Samuel Goodwin, b. March 31, 1800 ; Anthony, b. July, 1802 ; Uves in the State of New- York ; Sarah Fuller, b. Sept. 21, 1808 ; m. , in Loudon. Anthony Potter, sen., d. March 13, 1826, aged 70. JOSIAH ROBINSON'S FAMILY. Josiah Robinson was bom in Stratham, N. H., June 15, 1774; m. Lucy- Sanborn, dau. of Abraham Sanborn, of Poplin, March, 1792 ; moved to Concord, May, 1798, and resided here tUl his death, July 21, 1851, in the seventy-eighth year of his age. Lucy, his wife, was h. Feb. 14, 1774 ; she stiU survives. Their chUdren, in aU twelve, viz. : 1. Mercy G. Robin son, b. Jan. 25, 1793. 2. Betsey, b. July 12, 1795 ; m. David Osgood, June, 1839. 3. Isaiah S., b. March 31, 1797. These three b. in PopUn. 4. Joseph, b. in Concord, Nov. 26, 1798; see "graduates." 5. Deborah, b. Dec, 1800 ; d. y. 6. Seth, b. Jan. 28, 1803. 7. An infant, died on the day of its birth. 8. Charles, b. Jan. 7, 1806 ; completed the study of med icine, and d. July 7, 1830. 9. John, b. June 12, 1808; d. June 15, 1810. 10. Rufus, b. Ap., 1811 ; lived but eleven davs. 11. Abraham Hazen, b. Jan. 8, 1811; see "graduates." 12. John West, b. Feb. 20, 1815; d. March 2, 1837, of consumption, at Matanzas, island of Cuba, whither he went for his health. He was a jeweller by trade ; had resided several years at Savannah, Ga., and by diligent application had made himself quite intelligent for his years ; was eminently pious — of very gentlemanly man ners, esteemed and respected by aU who knew him. Descendants of Henry Rolfe, Esq. Henry Rolfe, Esq., an original proprietor of Concord, was son of Ben jamin, who was the son of Benjamm, who was the son of John, who was the son of Henry, who came to Newbury about 1630 ; a son of Honour Rolfe, of England ; see Hist, of Newbury. 1-Henry Rolfe, proprietor in Penacook, m. Judith Dole. Their chU dren, 1. 'Benjamin, b. 1710; graduated at Harvard CoUege in 1727; set tled in Concord ; m. Sarah Walker, and had one son, Paul ; see Biography, pp. 555-6. 2. Nathaniel, settled in Concord, and d. Dec, 1808, aged 96. 3. Henry, Uved and died at Newbury, leaving chUdren, Henry and Benja min. 4. Betsey. 5. Mary. One of these daughters m. the father of the late Capt. Benjamin Emery, of Concord. 2-Nathaniel Rolfe, son of 1-Henry, m. Hannah Rolfe. Their chU dren were : Nathaniel. WUUam. EUzabeth. Judith. Jane. Hannah, b. April 19, 1743. Benjamin, Polly and Henry. 686 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 3-Nathaniel Rolfe, son of 2-Nathaniel, m. widow Judith Chandler, youngest daughter of Rev. Timothy Walker. Their chUdren were: 1. Abiel. 2. Jane. 3. Henry. [.Vote. — This branch of the Rolfe famUy being connected with the " Walker family,'' see a particular account of them in the " Descendants of Rev. Timothy Walker."] 3-Nathaniel Rolfe, d. Nov. 15, 1829, aged 86. 3-Benjamin Rolfe, son of 2-Nathaniel, m. MoUy Sweat, a sister of old Mrs. Lydia Elliot. Their chUdren were: 1. John,b. March 7, 1785; m. BetRev Abbot 2. Judith, b. March 17, 1787 ; m. Jeremiah HaU. 3. Na thaniel, b. March 27, 1789 ; m. PoUy GUnes. 4. Isaac, b. Aug. 30, 1791 ; m. Mary Chase. 5. Samuel Jones, b. Sept 1, 1793 ; m. Eliza Hatherway. 6. Benjamin, b. Feb. 10, 1796 ; m. Mary NewhaU Flanders. Benjamin Sweat, the father of Mrs. MoUy Rolfe, came to this town from Kingston — a weaver by trade — and settled in the Borough, about 1780. When he was a boy the method of cooking potatoes was to set them before the fire, as we sometimes do apples, to roast Many anecdotes are told of 3-Benjamin Rolfe, some of which have already been related, pp. 236, 306. He owned land in common with his brother Nathaniel, and they Uved together as bachelors for a number of years. Occasionally, when Benjamin came to Main street he would he rallied by his friends about his bachelor state, and asked " how he and his brother got along?" "Very weU," he repUed; "only we have but one pair of trowsers between us." " WeU, how do you manage with one pair ?" " Why, we agree that the one who gets up first shaU wear them through the day." Mr. Rolfe was one of the early settlers of Rumford, in Maine, where, in common with others, he endured great privations and hardships. Attempting to cross the Androscoggin river one night with his horse in a ferry-boat — his head being somewhat flighty — he was carried down stream about a mile, where were rapids, and a first fall of fifteen feet, and a second faU of ninety-four feet Just at the head of the first faU was a large rock, standing out of the water, against which the boat struck, and he stepped out on the rock. The horse was thrown out, and went over the first falls. Early next morning Rolfe was discovered in his perilous position by Jacob Abbot. The neighbors were raUied, and came to his rescue. Fast ening two ropes to a small skiff, they set it out into the middle of the river, and let it go over the rapids so as to strike the rock where Rolfe was-r- designing then to draw him ashore in the boat ; but as the boat struck the rock it rebounded, so that Rolfe had barely time to seize one of the ropes and cut it off with his knife, whUe the boat was whirled along and dashed into pieces. But the rope which he had in his hand, being held at the other end by his neighbors, he fastened tight round his body, and by this means they drew him over the foaming rapids up the stream, about five rods, and he landed in safety ! The horse was soon after discovered stand ing in the water near a ledgy bank, too steep to ascend. A single bruise only was found on him. He was safely rescued. GENEALOGICAL. 687 4-Benjamin Rolfe, now of Concord, son of 3-Benjamin, m. Mary N. Flanders. Then- chUdren were — 1. Harriet, b. July 8, 1822 ; m. John W. Brown, of Pittsfield. 2. Hiram, b. Dec. 24, 1825 ; m. Georgianna Coombs, of Boston. 3. Mary Ann, b. Nov. 30, 1828 ; m. Albert C. Osborne. She d. Feb. 3, 1854. 4. Charlotte, b. Sept. 26, 1833; m. Jonathan C. Harvey. 5. David J., b. April 29, 1838. 6. Eliza N., b.' Feb. 4, 1842. John Shute. John Shute, son of Jacob, see p. 565, m. Anna Colby. Their chUdren were— 1. John, b. March 4, 1763. 2. Mary, b. May 13, 1765. 3. Jacob, b. Aug. 10, 1767; m. SaUy Houston, of Bedford. 4. Moses, b. Feb. 9, 1771. 5. Anna, b. June 15, 1773. 6. Isaac, b. Aug. 20, 1775. 7. Samuel Colby, b. July 20, 1778. 8. Aaron, b. March 20, 1781. 9. Jeremiah, b. Dec. 27, 1783. Anna, wife of John Shute, d. June 12, 1812, aged 70. Mr. Shute, whose early adventures and perils were mentioned pp. 196 — 199, settled on the homestead of his father, and became a steady, industrious and use ful citizen. At the age of about seventy he united with the church under Dr. McFarland, and maintained a consistent Christian life. Constant at meeting on the Sabbath, he usuaUy sat in the " old men's seat ;" and when upwards of ninety years of age he would be seen tripping along, with the agility of a young man — commonly passing others on foot, on their return from meeting. He spent the last years of his life in the family of his son Isaac, at the lower end of Main street. He retained his faculties and physi cal powers tUl the close of life, and died in February, 1829, at the age of 96, or perhaps, as stated on his grave-stone, at 98. John Shute, jun., son of John and Anna Colby, b. March 4, 1763 ; d. Dec. 1, 1822 ; m. AbigaU Kelley, b. March 22, 1763, and d. July 17, 1840. Their chUdren were : 1. WUUam, b. March 22, 1785. 2. Ruth, b. Nov. 19, 1787; d. Feb. 26, 1824. 3. Moses, b. Nov. 26, 1789. 4. Isaac, b. Nov. 16, 1792 ; d. April, 1824. 5. Man', b. Feb. 27, 1795. 6. Sukey, b. Dec. 11, 1797; d. Aug. 15, 1803. 7. Walter, b. Jan. 1802; d. v. 8. Walter, b. March, 1805 ; d. Jan., 1806. Moses Shute, son of John, jr., and Abigail Kellv, 1 m. SaUv Farnum, Dec. 17, 1812. She was b. July 12, 1783, and d. Oct." 15, 1844. "Their chil dren were: 1. Cynthia, b. Dec. 16, 1813; m. Joseph L. Jackson; two chUdren. 2. Clara A., b. March 23, 1816 ; m. John Brown ; two children. 3. Lucretia, h. Jan. 12, 1821. Moses Shute 2 m., June 11, 1846, Sophia W. Duncklee. [Note. — Other branches of the Shute famUy not furnished or recorded.] THE STICKNEY FAMILY. We regret that no one has furnished a complete genealogy of the Stick ney Family in Concord. What foUows has been collected from the town records and other sources, as the author has had opportunity. Lieut. Jeremiah Stickney, who was the first of the family name in Con cord, came from Bradford, Ms., a young man, about 1731. See pp. 140, 549. 688 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Col. Thomas Stickney, his son, who succeeded in the family mansion, was a useful and distinguished citizen — a patriot of the Revolution, and was with Gen. Stark in the battle of Bennington, see pp. 274 — 276, and through Ufe sustained many important offices in town. See List of Officers. Thomas Stickney, jr., succeeded Col. Thomas on the old homestead, and his widow, Mrs. Mary Ann, now in her eighty-fourth year, stiU survives — occupying the house with her son, Joseph P. Stickney. The land on which the range of stores stands, on Main street, south of the family mansion, as far as the Eagle Hotel, and back to the river, formerly belonged to the Stickney farm. The interval land, easterly of the house and north of the Free Bridge road, stiU belong to it 1-Jeremiah Stickney, married Elizabeth . Their chUdren : 1. Thomas, b. in Bradford, not recorded in our record. 2. Jonathan, b. April 24, 1731 ; d. June 25, 1736. 3. Elizabeth, b. Dec 10, 1733. 4. Sarah, b. Jan. 6, 1735 ; d. July 6, 1736. 5. Sarah, b. Oct 14, 1737. 6. Jonathan, b. Aug. 3, 1739. 7. Ann, b. Sept 3, 1741. 8. Bethiah, b. April 14, 1743 ; d. July 4, 1746. 9. Mehetabel, b. April 14, 1743. 10. Miriam, b. April 7, 1746. 11. Bethiah, b. Sept 22, 1747. Jeremiah Stickney d. April 11, 1763, aged 60. 2-Thomas Stickney, Colonel, Son of Jeremiah Stickney, was born a short time before his father re moved to Concord. He married Anna Osgood. Their chUdren were : 1. Elizabeth, b. Dec. 7, 1753. 2. Mary, b. June 26, 1756; d. Dec. 1763. 3. WUUam, b. Dec. 8, 1758. 4. Jeremiah, b. Aug. 13, 1761; d. y. 5. Jeremiah, b. 1764 ; d. Jan. 6, 1850, aged 85. 6. Mary, b. Oct 30, 1766. 7. Thomas, b. July 18, 1769. 8. James Osgood, b. June 9, 1775 ; d. Oct. 11, 1778. Anna Stickney died Jan. 20, 1802. Col. Thomas Stickney died Jan. 26, 1809, in his 80th year. 3-Thomas Stickney, Jr. Married Marv Ann OdUn, daughter of Rev. Woodbridge Odlin, of Exe ter, b. Sept 24," 1772. Their chddren were : 1. Charlotte, b. Sept 4, 1793 ; d. Aug. 19, 1794. 2. Woodbridge OdUin, b. Feb. 22, 1795 ; d. 1820, in Augusta, Ga. 3. Joseph Pearson, b. Oct 9, 1796. 4. George; d. Oct, 1820, at Castine. 5. Anna; m. Benjamin Bordman. Thomas Stickney died Jan. 1, 1811, aged 41. 3-William Stickney. 3-WiUiam Stickney taverner, son of Col. Thomas, married Susanna Emerson, of HaverhiU. Their chUdren : 1. Susanna, b. Feb. 24, 1783 ; d. Nov. 6, 1846. 2. WiUiam, b. Feb. 10, 1785; was drowned in Merrimack river. 3. Nathan, b. Sept. '26, 1787. 4. Jeremiah, b. Jan. 4, 1790; d. in HaverhiU, Mass., 1855. 5. Harriet h. June 5, 1792; m. WUUam Gault; d. 6. John, b. March 12, 1796; " — eight children ; d. March 3, 1846, aged 62. 4. Esther, b. June 14, 1786; m. Moses Bel knap, Atkinson — six children; d. Aug. 17, 1818. 5. David, b. Jan. 4, 1790 ; m. Mary WUlson, Castine, Me. — nine children. 6. Daniel, b. Jan. 28, 1793; m. AbigaU AVoodman, Salem — five children; d. Sept., 1838, aged 45. 7. Susan, b. Jan. 28, 1796; m. Nathan CaU — four chUdren. 8. Atkinson, b. Dec. 27, 1797; m. Rebecca Smart dau. of Col Benning S. 9. James, b. April 25, 1800 ; m. Mary E. Moody, Belfast, Me — five chil dren. Atkinson Webster. Atkinson Webster, son of Stephen Webster and Chloe Wheeler, bora Dec. 27, 1797 ; m. Rebecca Smart, dau. of Col. Benning Smart Their chil dren were — 1. Louisa Belknap, b. Oct 6, 1821. 2. Lorin Atkinson, b. Aug. 12, 1828. 3. Ann Rebecca, b. Oct 10, 1830. 4. James Walker, b. Oct 20, 1832. 5. Man" Elizabeth, b. Dec. 13, 1842. WEST FAMILY. Nathaniel West, married Sarah Burbank. Their children were — 1. John, b. Nov. 18, 1742. 2. Sarah, b. July 1, 1744 ; d. Aug. 26, 1745. 3. Sarah, b. Nov. 8, 1745 ; d. Dec. 17, 1800. 4. Nathaniel, b. Aug. 19, 1747. 5. Jonathan, b. Oct 9, 1749. 6. Gilman, b. Aug. 29, 1751. 7. Marv, b. April 9, 1753. 8. Ebenezer, b. Dec. 25, 1754. 9. Noah, b. Oct 1, 1756. 10. Lvdia, b. May 13, 1758 ; m. 11. John, b. April 25, 1760. 12. Edward, b. Dec. 30, 1762. 13. Deborah, b. May 18, 1765. Nathaniel AVest, sen., died of smaU pox, in July, 1775 ; see p. 282. [Note. Most of Mr. West's chUdren moved from Concord.] Jonathan West, son of Nathaniel, married Hannah . Their son Samuel was bom Sept. 17, 1768. John AArEST, son of Nathaniel, m. Susanna Eastman. Their chUdren were — 1. Susanna, b. March 22, 1786 ; m. Henry Sweetser. Their chUdren — Clarissa AV., Nancy B., Henry Philips, John, Isaac, Susan A, John W., Augusta. 2. John, b. Sept '7, 1788; d. Oct 17, 1836; m. Naney Monfc- gomery. Their chUdren — George M., Clarissa A., Francis S., John M. and EUen E., twins ; Charles H., Montgomery. 3. Hazen Kimball, b. March 25, 1791 ; d. April 13, 1798. 4. James, b. May 4, 1793 ; m. Isabel Blanch ard. 5. Clarissa, b. Dec. 1, 1795; d. July 19, 1810. 6. Hazen K., b. May 4, 1798 ; m. Maria Farnsworth. Their children — Henry C, Charles, Sarah A., Mary, Augusta, James, John. 7. Persis Maria, b. June 9, 1802 ; d. y. 8. Charles, b. Sept 9, 1805 ; 1 m. Hannah Adams ;, 2 m. Amanda Fair banks. Their children — EUen A, Henry, Lucy, James. John West sen., d. Sept 1, 1825, aged 65. Susanna, his wife, d. Nov. 7, 1831, aged 64. Edward West, son of Nathaniel, born in SaUsbury, married Miriam Badger. Their chUdren — Noah, AViUiam, Moses, Joseph Carter, Edward, Naney, Fanny, Sophia. AVilllvm West, son of Edward, settled in Concord ; m. Mary Barker, dau. of Lemuel Barker, formerly a taverner at the north end of Main GENEALOGICAL. 701 street. Their chUdren — WiUiam, Moody K., Edward B., Mary E., Lewis, Sarah A, Lemuel, Henry. Joseph C. West, son of Edward, settled in Concord ; m. Mary Abbot, dau. of Nathaniel Abbot. Their only child, John D. A AVest, m. Mary E. Hoyt, dau. of Daniel Hoyt. SECOND CLASS. The foUowing names of families were copied from the Town Records, as arranged by the late John Fanner, Esq., without alteration, except in some instances to add known changes which have recently taken place. For ex ample, the names of persons married, or the date of births or deaths. [Note. — The reader is admonished that this record is exceedingly defect ive — not incorrect, probably, as far as it goes, but in numerous instances only part of a famUy is recorded.] Ezra Badger. Ezra Badger m. Hannah Carter. Their children were — 1. Miriam, b. March 10, 1768. 2. Lois, b. Aug. 18, 1770. 3. John, b. Aug. 3, 1772. 4. Jacob, b. Nov. 5, 1778. 5. Jonathan, b. Jan. 6, 1784. 6. Moses, b. June 3, 1786. 7. Fanny, b. July 18, 1793. William Barker. WiUiam Barker m. Martha . Their chUdren were — 1. WUUam, b. Jan. 28, 1731 ; d. Jan. 1741. 2. John, b. Nov. 28, 1733. 3. Mary, b. Nov. 23, 1735. 4. Martha, b. Oct. 22, 1737. 5. Deborah, b. Sept. 20, 1739. 6. Stephen, b. Jan. 21, 1741. Samuel Butters. Samuel Butters married Tabitha Nichols. Their chUdren were : PoUy, b. Sept. 16, 1773; d. July 17, 1781. Samuel, b. Aug. 20, 1775. Fanny, b. Nov. 5, 1777 ; d. Feb. 22, 1788. Timothy, b. Nov. 27, 1781 ; d. April 8, 1813. PoUy, b. Aug. 10, 1784 ; d. AprU 17, 1813. WUUam, b. Nov. 1, 1786. Thomas, b. Aug. 3, 1789. Tabitha, wife of Samuel Butters, died March 24, 1808, aged 53. Samuel Butters died June 14, 1812. SAMUEL Butters, jun., m. Miriam Virgin. Their children were: 1. Charlotte, b. Dec. 2, 1803. 2. Charles, d. AprU 9, 1804. 3. Mary, b. July 5, 1806. 4. Charles, b. Jan. 15, 1808. 5. Thomas, b. May 12, 1810. 6. James, b. Dec. 30, 1812. 7. Sarah, b. Jan. 17, 1815. TIMOTHY Butters m. Ismenia Robertson. Their children were : 1. John Stevens, b. Jan. 23, 1810. 2. AVilliam Thomas, b. May 31, 1812. Samuel Burbank. Jonathan, son of Samuel and Lydia Burbank, was b. June 21, 1732. 702 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Caleb Buswell. Caleb BusweU married Mary Badger. Their chUdren were — 1. Ezra, b. March 8, 1767. 2. Caleb, b. Dec. 16, 1768. 3. Jonathan, b. Feb. 28, 1773. 4. Moses, b. AprU 16, 1775. 5. Paul, b. June 23, 1779. 6. James, b. Aug. 7, 1782. 7. Joseph, b. March 24, 1786. Caleb BusweU died Aug. 31, 1803, aged 63. Dr. Philip Carrigain. Philip Carrigain married Elizabeth Clough. .They were published Sept. 24, 1768. Their children were — 1. Martha, b. Feb. 20, 1773 ? 2. PhiUp, b. Feb. 20, 1776? 3. Obadiah, b. March 25, 1778 ? The last figure of each year appears to have been altered in the original. Dr. Philip Carrigain died Aug. 7, 1806, aged 60. Elizabeth, his wife, died Dec, 1805, aged 59. William Chamberlain. WilUam Chamberlain married Jenny Eastman. Their chUdren were — 1. Joseph, b. Oct 24, 1781. 2. Betty, b. Sept. 25, 1784. Sally, daughter of Abel and Ruth Chamberlain, was born June 6, 1792. Caleb Chase. Caleb Chase m. Joanna . Their chUdren were — 1. Man-, b. at Gorham, Me., Jan. 31, 1771. 2. Joseph, b. Aug. 9, 1772. 3. AbigaU, b. Aug. 12, 1774. 4. AVUUam Hius, b. April 11, 1776; d. in Concord, Oct. 10, 1791. 5. Jacob, b. Feb. 11, 1778. 6. Amos, b. Aug. 4, 1780. 7. Susanna, b. May 28, 1782. 8. Joanna, b. AprU 8, 1784. 9. EUzabeth, b. Dec. 24, 1785. 10. Moses, b. Feb. 14, 1788. 11. Charlotte, b. Dec. 23, 1789. 12. WUUam, b. March 2, 1792. Caleb Chase was a graduate of New- Jersey CoUege in 1766, and for some years town clerk of Concord. Jonathan, son of Daniel and MoUy Chase, died June 7, 1771. Daniel Chase, married Susanna . Their chUdren were — 1. Ruth, b. at HaverhiU, Mass., Feb. 20, 1772. 2. PoUy, b. at Ames- bury, Mass., June 12, 1774. 3. Ezekiel, b. Aug. 15, 1783. 4. Martha, b. Nov. 29, 1785. 5. John, b. June 9, 1791. Daniel Clark married Mary Whitmarsh, of Braintree, Mass. Their chUdren were — 1. Mary, bom at Lyndeborough. 2. Daniel, b. March 26, 1793. 3. Peter, b. Aug. 11, 1794. Daniel Clark died Aug. 11, 1828, aged 60. Benjamin Clark. Benjamin Clark married Susanna Bass, of Braintree. 1. Hannah, their dau., b. Dec. 3, 1793. 2. Susanna, b. Jan. 29, 1795 ; died. Samuel F. Clark. Samuel F. Clark married AbigaU . Their chUdren were — 1. Mary, born at Dunbarton, March 31, 1794. 2. Anna, b. AprU 4, 1796. 3. David S., b. April 21, 1798. 4. Samuel G., b. Aug. 12, 1800. 5. Jonathan, b. May 8, 1802, at WatervUle. 6. Daniel D., b. Jan. 3, 1805, at Sidney. 7. Lucinda, b. June 9, 1807, at WatervUle. 8. AbigaU, b. Dec. 10," 1808. 9. Lorra, [daughter,] b. Sept. 2, 1811. 10. Charles E., son of S. F. and Betsey Clark, b. AprU 5, 1815. GENEALOGICAL. 703 Joseph Cleasby, married Betsey Famum. Their chUdren were 1. Isaac, b. July 20, 1787. 2. SaUv, b. Aug. 5, 1788. 3. Ruth, b. March 8, 1794. 4. Ezekiel, b. June 4, 1795. 5. Enoch. 6. Joseph. 7. DanieL 8. Amzi. 9. James. 10. Nancy. John Cleasby. Joseph, son of John and Betsey Cleasby, born Feb. 18, 1793. [Note. — The first Joseph Cleasby died in Northfield, aged about 95.] William Coffin. WUUam Coffin married Sarah Haseltine, March 28, 1754. Their ch. : 1. Enoch, b. June 4, 1755. 2. Sarah, b. Aug. 1, 1757. 3. Richard, b. Oct 16, 1759; d. Nov. 24, 1759. 4. Samuel, b. Dec. 18, 1760; d. Oct. 20, 1762. 5. Mary, b. July 27, 1763; d. June, 1815. 6. John, b. Oct. 16, 1765. WiUiam Coffin died Oct., 1815, in the 90th year of his age. Sarah Cof fin died May 26, 1829, in the 92d year of her age. Enoch Coffin. Enoch Coffin 1 m. Lois Cavis, of Bow, Jan. 21, 1790. Their chUdren : 1. Peter, b. Feb. 14, 1791 ; d. in Missouri, 1815. 2. Samuel, b. Oct. 27, 1793. 3. Clarissa, b. Jan. 13, 1796; d. 4. Judith, b. Oct. 18, 1798; m. Zara Cutler, Esq., and d. in Conway, March 26, 1835. 5. John, b. May 5, 1801 ; d. Sept., 1803. 6. Sarah, b. Jan. 29, 1805 ; m. Seth East man, Esq. 7. Wilham, b. Jan. 12, 1807 ; d. 8. John, b. May 4, 1809 ; . D., of Con cord, born July 17, 1817, commenced the study of medicine with Dr. Dixi Crosby, then of Gilmanton; begun practice in Sandwich, 1838; received a medical diploma from Dartmouth College, 1840 ; and from Jefferson Medi cal CoUege, PhUadelphia, 1843 ; practiced about two years at Meredith Bridge, and was appointed superintendent and physician of the New Hamp shire Asylum for the Insane m August, 1845. In 1850 he made a tour in Europe, and after his return published an entertaining volume, called " The Escape." Dr. McF. resigned his office at the asylum in 1852, and in 1854 was appointed Superintendent of the State Lunatic Hospital of Illinois, at JacksonvUle. XLn. Dr. James F. Sargent, bom in Warner, July 4, 1810; received his medical degree at Dartmouth ; practiced in Warner, LoweU, Mass., and Hopkinton, and came to Concord, 1847. XLin. Dr. Ephraim F. Wilson, son of Dr. Job Wilson, bom in SaUs bury, Oct. 30, 1817 ; took his medical degree at Castleton, Vt. ; commenced practice at Sanbomton, and came to Concord, East viUage, 1849 ; whence, in 1854, he moved to RockvUle, Conn. XLIV. Dr. William H. Smart, son of the late Col. Benning Smart, was born in Hopkinton, AprU 8, 1810 ; commenced practice at Centre Har bor, 1839, and came to Concord, 1849, where he remains in practice. XLV. Dr. Edward H. Parker, son of Isaac Parker, Esq., of Boston, opened an office in Concord, 1850 ; removed to New York, where he prac tices, and is a professor hi a medical coUege. XLVT. Dr. Alpheus Morrill, a native of Canterbury, practiced 6ome years in Ohio; came to Concord, 1849, and adopts the homoeopathic prac tice. Dr. Baker, from Loudon, is associated with him in his practice. XLVn. Dr. Benjamin S. Warren, a native of Peacham, Vt ; gradu ated at the Medical CoUege in Cincinnati, Ohio ; came to Concord in 1849. XLVTTI. Dr. John Eugene Tyler, Superintendent of the New Hamp shire Asylum for the Insane, at Concord ; was born in Boston, Dec. 9, 1819 ; received a medical degree at Dartmouth CoUege, in 1845, and at Philadelphia, in 1846, when he commenced the practice of medicine at PROFESSIONAL HISTORY. 729 Salmon Falls. He continued in that place tUl he was appointed, in 1852, to the office which he now fills. XLIX. Dr. William W. Fletcher, Dentist, bom at Plymouth, 1816; studied dentistry in Boston, 1839-40 ; came here in 1846, and remains in practice. . L. Dr. Charles Bell, son of Hon. Samuel BeU, of Chester, opened an office in Concord, 1855, and is in practice. Besides the foregoing physicians, the foUowing were in Concord, in prac tice, or residents, a short time, but whose particular history is not known. Dr. Charles Herbert, died at Concord, 1816. Dr. Jonathan Badger, about 1812. Dr. John Brodhead, about 1829. Dr. Stephen Emery, 1843. Dr. Philip Brown, Jr., 1843. Dr. John T. G. Leach, about 1832. Dr. John Renton, about 1843. Dr. Augustus Frank, Homceo., 1843. Dr. D. S. Lyman, 1845. Dr. Jeremiah Gates, 1845. Dr. D. P. Wilson, Dentist, 1846. Dr. Luther Farley, 1847. Dr. Moses Atwood, Homoeo., 1849. Dr. Charles A Davis; 1850, son of Robert Davis, 2d ; now at Hospi tal, Chelsea, Mass. See " Graduates." Dr. S. LaFayette Simpson, a native of Concord, 1849 ; now at Con- toocookvUle. Dr. W. H. Hosmer, FisherviUe, 1850. Dr. John W. Little, Dentist, 1850. Dr. J. M. Graves, 1854-5. graduates at college from concord, WITH BRIEF NOTICES. [Arranged in tbe order of their graduation.] I. Timothy Walker, A M., H. C, 1756. See Biography. H. Stephen Scales, A. M., son of Rev. James Scales, bom in Concord Oct. 16, 1741 ; H. C, 1763 ; settled in the practice of law at Chelmsford, Ms., and there died, Nov. 5, 1772. There, a tombstone erected to his me mory contains a Latin inscription, concluding with the foUowing lines from Horace : " O mi amice, Vita: summa brevis — spem nos, Vetat inchoare langam ; Jam et premit nox." HI. John Coffin, A. M., Colonel, son of WiUiam Coffin, bom Oct. 16, 1764 ; grad. D. C, 1791 ; for many years an instructor of youth ; resided 730 HISTORY OF CONCORD. in the city of New- York, a useful and respected citizen; died Dec. 27, 1852, aged 87, and was buried in the old burying-ground in Concord. TV. Charles Walker, A. M., son of Hon. Timothy Walker, bom Sept. 25, 1765 ; grad. H. C. 1789 ; Mas the first preceptor of the Aurean Acad- emv at Amherst ; studied law with John Pickering, of Portsmouth ; set tled in the practice of law in his native town ; was appointed second Post master in this place, in 1801 ; Solicitor of Rockingham County, 1806-1808; Justice throughout the State, 1830; was several years President of the upper Concord Bank. He was averse to pubUc office, and Uved in much retirement the latter years of his life. He died July 29, 1834, aged 68. V. Paul Rolfe, A. M., grad. H. C, 1792. Settled as a farmer in Con cord. [See Biog. of Benj. Rolfe, pp. 555-6. VI. Edmund Eastman, A. M., son of Benjamin, grad. at D. C. 1793 ; some time a teacher in Concord ; settled in the ministry at Limerick, Me., 1795, and died in 1812. During -his ministry forty were added to the church. VH. Philip Carrigain, grad. D. C, 1794. [See Biog., p. 596. VHL Samuel A. Bradley, A. M., son of Hon. John Bradley, bom Nov. 22, 1774; grad. D. C. 1799; settled in the practice of law at Fryeburg, Me. ; several years represented that town in the General Court of Massa chusetts ; afterwards moved to Portland ; was candidate for Member of Congress ; a gentleman of noble appearance and dignified manners. He never married; died Sept 24, 1844, aged 70 years. IX. Nathan Kinsman, 6on of Nathan and Elizabeth Kinsman, bom in Concord, Nov. 14, 1777 ; graduated at D. C, 1799 ; settled in the practice of law in Portland, about 1803, where he continued in extensive practice tiU his death, March, 1829. He was the lawyer of whom the anecdote is told relative to Dr. Parson's asking a blessing at tea, and who became, afterwards, a member of Dr. P.'s church. X." Ephraim Abbot, A M., son of Benjamin, bom Sept 28, 1779 ; graduated at H. C, in 1806 ; ordained pastor of the Congregational church in Greenland, Oct. 27, 1813 ; previous to which time he performed mission ary service in Maine, New-Hampshire and Rhode Island. Resigning his charge on account of Ul health, he was dismissed, Oct. 28, 1828, and after wards was Preceptor of Brackett Academy in Greenland, and of Westford Academy, Mass., in which latter place he now resides ; a justice of the peace, and has been representative of the town. Mr. Abbot first married Mary H., daughter of Rev. EUphalet Pearson, ll, d., of Andover, Mass. She died, 1829, aged 48. He second married Abigail W. Bancroft, of Groton, Mass. XL Abiel Chandler graduated at H. C, 1806. [See Biography.] XH. Samuel A. Kimball, A. M., son of Dea. John KimbaU, bom March 3, 1782, graduated at D. C, 1806; practiced law a short time in Dover, but settled in his native town ; has been clerk of the senate, dep uty secretary, and representative of the town. XIII. Moses Hazen Bradley, A M., son of Hon. John Bradlev, bom March 15, 1782, graduated at D. C, 1807 ; settled in practice at Bristol, 1816 ; representative in 1823, and next year senator for the eleventh Sen atorial District He died of consumption, at his brother Richard's, in Con cord, in 1834, aged 52. XTV. Samuel Ayer, A. M., M. D., son of Capt. Richard Ayer, bom Aug. PROFESSIONAL HISTORY. 731 31, 1786 ; graduated at D. C, 1807 ; was tutor two years ; pursued medi cal studies at PhUadelphia, and settled in practice at Portland, Me., where he was representative ; thence removed to Eastport, as surveyor of the port of Passamaquoddy. He died, much respected and lamented, Nov. 12, 1832. His widow, Sarah ConneU, and three children, afterwards came to Concord, where she died, May 7, 1835. XV. Nathaniel H. Carter, A. M., graduated at D. C, 1811. [See Biography.] XVI. Abiel Carter, A M., son of Jacob Carter, born March 2, 1791, graduated at D. C, 1813 ; ordained as an Episcopal minister ; preached at various places, and died at Savannah, Ga., Nov. 1, 1837, aged 36. XVLT. George Kent, A. M., son of Hon. Wm. A. Kent, [see •« Kent FamUy,"] graduated at D. C, 1814 ; studied law, and admitted to practice, 1817, and settled in his native town. In 1821, was appointed cashier of the Concord bank ; represented the town, 1828 ; was one of the editors and proprietors of the New-Hampshire Statesman and Concord Register, several years ;. deUvered the oration before the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Dartmouth CoUege, in 1832, which was published ; was a trustee of the CoUege, which he resigned in 1840. Mr. Kent now resides in Bangor, Me. Many articles from bis pen of " prose and poetry," have been pubUshed, and it is understood that he has in compilation, ready for the press, a man uscript volume, containing about one hundred and fifty articles, which may hereafter be published. XVTH. Richard Bartlett, A M., son of Caleb Bartlett, grandson of the Rev. Samuel McCUntock, D. D., formerly of Greenland. He was bom at Pembroke, Jan. 8, 1794, but resided in this town before and dur ing his collegiate course; graduated at D. C, 1815; studied law, and admitted to practice in Concord, 1818 ; was several years Deputy Secre tary of State ; Clerk of the Senate ; Secretary of State from 1825 to 1829, and Representative in 1830 and 1831. He was editor and proprietor of the New-Hampshire Journal. In March, 1834, Mr. Rartlett left Concord for a residence in the city of New- York. In June, 1836, his health began to fail, and he graduaUy declined, until his death, Oct. 23, 1837. Mr. Bartlett was one of the founders of the N. H. Historical Society, and wrote an able article on the Preservation of Manuscripts, which was pubUshed in volume fifth of the Historical Collections. He was a gentleman of many exceUent quahties, and held in high esteem by numerous friends. XIX. Charles Walker, Jr., A. M., son of Charles Walker, Esq., grad ated at H. C, 1818. [See notice, p. 456.] XX. David Kimball, Rev., bom in Hopkinton, Uved in Concord ; learned the printers' art in George Hough's office ; graduated at Y. C, 1818, and at Andover Theological Seminary, 1821 ; some years settled in the ministry at Martinsburg, N. Y., and at other places ; editor of the New-Hampshire Observer, which he refinquished in 1841 ; now resident at Hanover, and printer for the College. XXI. William S. Rogers, son of Josiah Rogers, formerly of Concord, bom Sept 11, 1797; graduated at D. C, 1820; teacher in Washington city, 1821 ; afterwards in Lynn, Mass. He died of consumption, at his father's, in Concord, March 8, 1823, and was buried in the Friends' bury ing ground. No monument is erected at his grave. XXH. Edward Kent, A. M., son of Hon. Wm. A. Kent, born Jan. 8, 1802, graduated at H. C, 1821 ; settled in the practice of law at Bangor, 732 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Me. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Court of Sessions for Penob scot County in 1826; representative in 1829-32; mayor of the city of Bangor, 1836 and 1837 ; Governor of the State of Maine, 1838 ; one of the Commissioners chosen in 1842 to represent the State in the negotia tion of the Ashburton Treaty, at Washington. In 1849 appointed by President Taylor, Minister Plenipotentiary to Rio Janeiro, in Brazil, which office he held four years. Now in Bangor. XXIII. William C. Thompson, A. M., son of the late Hon. Thomas W. Thompson, was born in Salisbury, but while a resident of Concord graduated at D. C, 1820. He studied law ; practiced a short time in Con cord ; removed to Plymouth, and thence to Worcester, Mass., where he now resides. XXTV. Henry Wood, a native of Loudon, learned the printing business in the office of George Hough, Esq. ; united with the First Church, under Dr. McFarland, 1816 ; graduated at D. C, 1822; tutor in Hampden Syd ney College, Va. ; ordained pastor of the church in Goffstown, 1626 ; in stalled over church in Haverhill and at Hanover ; editor of the Congrega tional Journal from 1840 -to 1854 ; and now U. S. Consul at Beyrout in Turkey. XXV. William Clark, a native of , was an appentice in George Hough's office in Concord ; united with the church in Concord, Dr. Mc Farland's, 1816 ; graduated at D. C, 1822 ; settled pastor of the Congre gational church in WeUs, Me., and for many years agent of the American Board for Foreign Missions. XXVI. Seth Eastman, son of Robert and Sarah Eastman, born in Brunswick, Me., Jan. 24, 1808, graduated at the Mihtary Academy, West Point, 1821; Lieut in the U. S. service at Fort Snelhng; Professor of Drawing at West Point eight years ; was in the Florida war ; now holds a Captain's commission, and is stationed at Washington city, illustrating a magnificent work giving an account of the Indians of the United States. Capt_Eastman married, in 1835, Mary Henderson, daughter of Dr. Thomas Henderson, of Virginia, and grand-daughter of the late Commodore Trux- ton, of the U. S. Navy. XXVII. John McClintock Bartlett, A. B., brother of Richard Bart lett, Esq., resided in Concord before and during his collegiate course ; grad uated at Bowdoin College, 1823 ; studied law, and resides in the State of New-York. XXVHT. Samuel Gilman Tenney, A. B., graduated at D. C, 1823, while a resident in Concord ; studied theology ; settled at Lyndon, Vt, 1825; was dismissed, 1831 ; preached in Hillsborough from 1838 to 1843, and has been at Alstead since 1851. XXIX. Joshua Thompson Russell, son of Elijah RusseU, printer, born in Concord, Oct 20, 1794, and named for his uncle, the late Lieut Joshua Thompson, a Revolutionary soldier ; graduated at the New-Jersey CoUege, 1825 ; settled as pastor of a Presbyterian Church at Newark, N. J. ; afterwards an agent of the Presbyterian Board. Subsequently he joined the Baptist denomination, and was pastor of a church in Jackson, Mis6. He died suddenly, March 6, 1854, under the foUowing unusual circumstan ces : He was present at the meeting of the Jackson Bible Society, on Sunday evening, in the Presbyterian church, and had just spoken to the following resolution — "Resolved, That the Bible is a tried book, and that its circulation through the agency of the American Bible Society — catholic in its spirit and aim — merits the' highest confidence and the warmest sup- PROFESSIONAL HISTORY. 733 port of the Christian pubUc." He dwelt on the fact that the Bible was a tried book ; he said " miUions now around the throne of God, singing the song of Moses and the Lamb, had been saved by the blessed influences of this book." While he uttered this sentence, he looked up, as if he had a vision of what he described : he then paused a moment, and said, " I have done." These were his last words. He sat down, but sunk immediately into apoplexy, from which the skiU of experienced physicians could not arouse him. He breathed his last at two o'clock, p. m., next day, at the residence of his son, E. P. Russell. XXX. Daniel Livermore Russell, brother of Joshua T., bom Nov. 27, 1800, is also a preacher of the Baptist denomination, at the South. He studied and is understood to have graduated at Hampden Sydney CoUege, Va., about 1826. XXXI. Joseph Robinson, A. M., son of Josiah Robinson, born Nov. 26, 1798; graduated D. C, 1825; followed teaching in Concord tUl the fall of 1829; Deputy Secretary of State six years; Register of Deeds, 1836 ; Representative, 1841 ; Register of Probate, 1844 ; postmaster four years ; chairman of the board of selectmen, 1850 ; for two years director and treasurer of the People's Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and has pursued mainly the business of farming for twenty-five years. XXXH. Moses Kimball, A. B., bom in Hopkinton, July 24, 1799 ; learned the printing business with Geo. Hough, Esq. ; grad. at D. C, 1826, whUe a resident in Concord ; studied theology at Andover ; was ordained at Randolph, Vt., January, 1832 ; dismissed in 1833 ; settled at Hopkin ton, May 7, 1834, where he remained twelve years. He now preaches in Weathersfield, Vt. XXXTH. Thomas B. Waterman, A. B., son of Rev. Thomas Water man, born in Bow, but resided in Concord ; grad. at D. C. in 1826 ; an honorary member and patron of the New-Hampshire Historical Society ; resided m Boston ; deceased. XXXIV. Hamilton Hutchins, A. M., son of the late Abel Hutchins, bom July 10, 1805 ; grad. at D. C, 1827 ; admitted to the bar in Concord, 1830 ; was highly esteemed for his amiable temper and gentlemanly man ners. He married, Oct. 30, 1845, Mary Chandler, of Lexington, Mass., who died Nov. 30, the same year. After suffering much from protracted Ul health, he died April 6, 1851. A beautiful portrait of him is in posses sion of his sisters, at the iamfly mansion on State street. XXXV. Thomas Sparhawk, M. D., son of Samuel Sparhawk, Esq., former Secretary of State, was born in Portsmouth, but grad. at D. C. while a resident in Concord; studied medicine ; took his degree, M. D., at Harvard CoUege, and settled in Conway ; now in practice at Amesbury, Ms. XXXVI. Charles Edward Thompson, A. B., son of Hon. Thomas W. Thompson, bom in Salisbury ; grad. at D. C. in 1828 ; studied law ; practiced some years in HaverhiU, N. H. ; now resides in Chicago, IU. XXXVH Chandler E. Potter, A. B., son of Joseph Potter, bom Mar. 7, 1807 ; grad. at D. C. 1831 ; instructor at Concord, Portsmouth and Man chester ; studied law with Ichabod Bartlett, of Portsmouth, and whUe there was representative one year. In 1844 moved to Manchester, and became editor and proprietor of the Manchester Democrat four years ; in 1848 was appointed Justice of the Police Court of Manchester ; editor of the Far mers' Monthly Visitor two vears, and since connected with J. O. Adams, Esq., editor of the Granite Farmer and Visitor. Mr. Potter has been some 734 HISTORY OF CONCORD. time engaged in preparing a History of Manchester, and is President of the N. H. Historical Society. XXXYin. Sherburne B. Piper, A. B., a native of Northwood, grad. at D. C. 1S32, while his mother, a widow, was resident in Concord. XXXIX. Alfred K. Gould, A. B., a native of Hopkinton ; member of the First Congregational church in Concord ; grad. at Y. C. 1838; died in Concord, July 29, 1835, whUe a member of the Theological Seminary at Andover. XL. Horace Herrick, A. B., resident in Concord, and member of the First Cong, church ; grad. at D. 0., 1834 ; settled in the ministry at Fitz- william, Sept. 4, 1844, where he remained about four years, and has since been engaged in teaching. XLI. Henry Sewall Gerrish French, son of Joel French, of Bos cawen, was born April 17, 1807 ; served an apprenticeship at the printing business with George Hough, Esq., in Concord, where he was the first who professed conversion under the Rev. Mr. Bouton's ministry, 1826; gradu ated at Y. C. 1834, and at Andover Theological Seminary, 1837 ; was or dained for the foreign missionary service, at Concord, Sept. 19, 1838 ; mar ried, April 9, 1839, Miss Sarah C. Allison, of Concord,, and embarked at Boston for the Siam Mission, under the patronage of the American Board, July 6, 1839. Mr. French died at Bangkok, in Siam, Feb. 14, 1842. His widow, with her only son and child, returned to Concord. XLH. Abraham Hazen Robinson, son of Josiah Robinson, graduated at Y. C. 1835 ; studied medicine, and practiced about one year at HiUsbo- rough Bridge, when, in 1840, he removed to SaUsbury ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention, 1850 ; postmaster some twelve years, and still is in practice in that town. XLin. Henry L. Low, A. M., oldest son of Gen. Joseph Low, born Sept. 10, 1817; grad. at D. C. 1836; tutor, and professor of the Greek and Latin languages in Genesee CoUege, N. Y. ; traveUed in Europe ; spent some time in Berlin, pursuing classical and other studies. He took orders in the Episcopal church, and preached some time in Hopkinton, N. H. Mr. Low was a fine scholar, and highly esteemed for his intelli gence, gentlemanly manners and piety. His health failed, and he died at the McLean Asylum, Charlestown, Mass., AprU 26, 1852. XLIY. Ezra E. Adams, A. M., son of Robert M. and Amaris Adams, was bom in Concord, Aug. 29, 1813 ; commenced study in the family of Dr. Bouton, in the faU of 1829 ; grad. at D. C. 1836 ; kept an academy at Lyndon, Vt., three years, the last of which he was licensed to preach ; was appointed chaplain for seamen by the American Seaman's Friend Society, and ordained m the Old North church at Concord, Oct 9, 1839. Having spent about two years in tbe seaman's service at Cronstadt, in Russia, and in England, and ten years at Havre, in France, he returned to this country, 1853, and was installed pastor of the Pearl street church, in Nashua, Aug. 31,1853. XLV. Luther Farnum, A. M., son of Ephraim, of Concord; grad. at D. C. 1837 ; studied theology at Andover ; was ordained pastor of the Congregational church in Northfield, Mass., Nov. 20, 1844. He is now res ident in Boston ; preacher, and writes for reUgious papers. XLVI. Nathan Ballard, A. M., son of Nathan, of Concord, bom March 31, 1816 ; grad. at D. C. 1837 ; has foUowed the profession of teach ing, and is now- at Brooklyn, N. Y. PROFESSIONAL HISTORY. 735 XLVLT. Cyrus P. Bradley, A. B., son of Mr. Isaac C. Bradley, bom at Canterbury, Oct. 20, 1818 ; grad. at D. C. 1837. He died of pulmonary consumption, July 6, 1838, aged nineteen years. At the age of fourteen, young Bradley, upon recommendation of some of the principal citizens of Concord, was received as a charity scholar into PhUlips Academy, Exeter ; he possessed a high order of inteUect ; devoted much time in coUege, and afterwards, to the natural sciences, and to historical research ; collected a large number of autographs ; of rare and curious pamphlets, and specimens of minerals — aU of which he .bequeathed to the New Hampshire Historical Society. XLVHT. Nath'l Bradley Baker, son of Abel, [see " Baker family,"] grad. at H. C. 1839 ; studied law, and was admitted to practice in Concord m 1842. From 1841 to 1845 was joint proprietor and editor of the N. H. Patriot, with H. H. CarroU, Esq. ; in 1846 appointed Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas and of the Superior Court, for Merrimack County ; Repre sentative and Speaker of the House in 1850 and 185 1-; in 1852, one of the electors of president and vice-president ; and in 1854 chosen Governor of the State. He is in law partnership with Col. F. B. Peabody. XLLX. William Pickering Hill, A. M., son of Hon. Isaac HiU, bom Oct. 18, 1819 ; was two years at H. G, but graduated at D. C. 1839 ; co partner in " Hill's New-Hampshire Patriot" from 1840 to 1847 ; three years conducted the " New Hampshire Gazette," at Portsmouth ; in 1853 received an appointment in the naval office department at the Custom House in Bos ton, where he now officiates. Mr. Hill married Miss Clara Anne, daughter of John West, of Concord, Oct. 26, 1843. L. Samuel Hazen Ayer, son of Dr. Samuel Ayer, bom Dec. 19, 1819 ; grad. at Bowdoin CoUege, 1839, while a ward of Hon. Isaac Hill ; admitted to the bar and practiced in Hillsborough, 1842 ; was representative from that town five successive years ; Speaker of the House in 1848 and 1849 ; solicitor for the county of Hillsborough in 1850. He removed to Manches ter, where, amidst growing prospects of usefulness and fame, he suddenly died, Oct. 4, 1853. His remains were interred in the old burying-ground in Concord, where is a beautiful family monument LI. Alexander Hamilton Kent, A. B., son of George Kent, was bom in Concord, Oct. 22, 1822 ; grad. at D. C. 1841 ; studied law in Troy, N. Y., where he died of disease of the brain, Oct. 10, 1844, much beloved and greatly lamented. LH. Charles French Low, A. B., son of Gen. Joseph Low, born Jan. 14, 1819; grad. at D. C. 1842 ; studied theology and law ; awhile editor of the N. H. Courier ; entered the United States army in Mexico as a private in Capt Edward Webster's company ; was promoted to a Ueutenancy in the ninth regiment of infantry; has travelled extensively in the Western States; opened a law office in Concord in 1853. LHL Davtd Dimond, A. M., son of David, son of John, son of Ezekiel Dimond, was born in Groton, N. H., April 26, 1819 ; Uved in Concord in his boyhood; graduated at D. C, 1842, and at Andover, 1845; went to the West, and has been a preacher at Troy, in Missouri, and at Collinsville, TIL, and is now Professor of the Greek and Latin languages in Webster CoUege, St. Louis Co., Missouri. LIV. Levi Brigham, A. B., son of the late Levi Brigham, of Boston, born in Concord, May 2, 1822. After the death of his father, was the ward of his uncle, Richard Bradley, Esq. ; graduated at D. G, 1843 ; went 736 HISTORY OF CONCORD. to Port Tobacco, Md., as a teacher, where he died after an illness of ten days, of congestive fever, Oct 1, 1843. LV. Jonathan Tenney, A. M., a native of Corinth, Vt., bom Sept. 14, 1817 ; was an apprentice in the office of the N. H. Observer, in Concord ; graduated at D. G, 1843 ; pursued teaching as a profession several years ; editor of the " Stars and Stripes," and resident in Manchester. LVI. William A. Patten, A. M., a native of Kingston, N. H., bom June, 1816 ; learned the printing business in the office of the N. fl. Ob server ; graduated at D. G, 1843, and at Andover in 1846 ; ordained to the ministry ; preached in various places, and was settled as pastor of the Congregational Church in Deerfield, 1850 ; dismissed in 1853. LVII. James O. Adams, A. B., son of Robert M. and Amaris Adams, bom June 5, 1818 ; graduated at D. G, 1843 ; teacher in various places ; settled in Manchester, 1846 ; editor and proprietor some time of the " Manchester American ;" pubUsher of the " Granite Fanner ;" representative, and mem ber of the Common CouncU of that city. LVTH. Edward Barker West, A. B., son of WUUam West horn April 1, 1822 ; graduated at D. G, 1844 ; private tutor one year in the famUy of Gen. Jackson, at the Hermitage, East Tenn. ; studied law, and was admit ted to practice in 1848. He opened an office at Warner, but now resides in Nashua. LVIX. Mellen Chamberlain, son of Moses, bom in Pembroke, June 4, 1821, but whUe a resident in Concord graduated at D. G, 1844 ; studied law, and took the degree of LL. B. at H. G, 1848 ; was elected a member of the Royal Society of Northern Antiquarians, in Copenhagen, 1840, and of the N. H. Historical Society, in 1842 ; has a law office in Boston, but resides in Chelsea, Mass. LX. Joseph B. Walker, son of Capt. Joseph, bom June 12, 1822 ; grad. at Y. C. 1844 ; studied law and admitted to the bar, March, 1847, and settled on the paternal estate, in the house buUt by Rev. Timothy Walker ; is engaged chiefly in agricultural pursuits ; is a director of the Mer rimack County Bank ; trustee and secretary of the New-Hampshire Asy lum for tbe Insane, and sustains various other important trusts. LXI. Charles A. Davis, A B., son of Robert Davis, 2d, born in Con cord about 1821; grad. at D. G 1845; took his degree in medicine at Harvard University in 1848; went into practice in LoweU, with Dr. Hunt ington, 1851; and in July, 1853, was appointed surgeon to the United States Marine Hospital, at Chelsea. LXIL David Lawrence Morril, A. B., son of Gov. David L. Morril, was bom in Goffstown, but resided in this town, and grad. at D. G in 1847 ; studied law ; practiced in Winehendon, Mass., and is now in practice in West Brookfield, Mass. LXLTT. John Furness Jarvis, son of John Jarvis, born in Concord, 1826 ; graduated at D. G 1848 ; took his medical degree at Harvard Col lege, 1853, and practiced in Boston. LXIV. Andrew Jackson Burnham, son of Noah Burnham, bom in Chester, July 2, 1829, but resident in Concord ; grad. at Y. G ; studied medicine ; teacher in several places ; now in practice at BeUows Falls, Vt LXV. George Sullivan Barton, son of Hon. Cyrus Barton, bom March 9, 1831, graduated at D. G, 1851; studied law; admitted to the bar in Iowa, 1853, where he practiced one year. Returned to New-Hamp shire, and is now in partnership with Hon. Edmund Burke, of Newport MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS. 737 LXVI. Theodore French, son of Capt. Theodore French, graduated at D. G, 1852 ; studied law ; now in practice at St. Pauls, Min. LXVU. Nathaniel L. Upham, son of Hon. N. G. Upham, graduated at D. G, 1853 ; accompanied his father, who was " Commissioner of Claims," &c, to England, the same year, and is now a student in theology. LXVLTI. William W. Bailey, a native of Hopkinton, graduated at D. G, 1854 ; a student of law. LXLX. Bela Nettleton Stevens, son of Hon. Josiah Stevens, gradu ated at D. G, 1854 ; a student of law. LXX. Benjamin E. Badger, son of Stephen G Badger, Esq., gradu ated at D. G, 1854 ; a student of law. LXXL Charles Carroll Lund, son of Joseph S. Lund, graduated at D. G, 1855 ; now teacher in High School, Concord. LXXn. William Kimball Rowell, son of Dea. Ira RoweU, bom Nov. 9, 1829, graduated at D. G, 1855 ; now teacher of Academy in Hop kinton. No. 7. MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS: SOME OF WHICH ARE REFERRED TO IN NOTES IN THE PRECEDING HISTORY. PRINTING. (Seep. 310.) In 1835 the late Jonathan Fanner, Esq., wrote an article, giving the history of printing in this town, — particularly of newspapers, — which was read at a Printers' Festival in commemoration of Franklin's birth-day, Jan. 17, 1835, and afterwards published in the N. H. Patriot, Jan. 26, 1835 : to which those who wish to investigate the subject are referred. In continuation of that history, the following statements are here added. The New- Hampshire Patriot. Nov. 21, 1840, Cyrus Barton, associated with Henry H. CarroU, as editor and publisher, under the firm of " Barton & CarroU." Dec. 1, 1841, Cyrus Barton retired, and Nathaniel B. Baker asso ciated with H. H. Carroll, under the firm of " CarroU & Baker." Oct. 30, 1845, N. B. Baker retired, and H. H. CarroU became sole proprietor. Mr. C. died Aug. 4, 1846, and the business was carried on by George Minot, Esq., adminis trator—Thomas P. Treadwell, editor. Dec. 3, 1846, William Butterfield became sole proprietor. May 27, 1847, the N. H. Patriot, represented by Wm. Butterfield, and " Hill's N. H. Patriot," by John M. Hill, were united under the proprietorship of "Butterfield & Hill." May 10, 1853, John M. Hill retired, and WilUam Butterfield became sole proprietor. New-Hampshire Statesman and State Journal. George W. Ela, editor and publisher, disposed of his interest in this paper to Jacob H. Ela and A. C. Blodgett, in 1842 ; in July, 1844, it went into possession of George 0. Odlin, John C. WUson and John P. Osgood, in whose hands it continued with some changes of an unimportant nature, up to July, 1851, when the establishment was purchased by Asa McFarland and Geo. E. Jenks, who are now the proprietors. New-Hampshire Observer. Since 1835 this paper has passed through many thanges, as to editors and owners. Rev. David Kimball was a while connected 47 738 HISTORY OF CONCORD. with Edmund S. Chadwick, in publishing it, under the title of "Christian Pan oply ;" Mr. Kimball next became sole proprietor, and a connection was formed in 1840, with the Rev. Henry Wood as editor, and the name was changed to " Congregational Journal."" The connection between Mr. KimbaU and Mr. Wood closed in 1842, and the paper was wholly conducted by Rev. Henry- Wood. In 1846 Mr. Wood's interest in the paper was transferred to B. W. Sanborn, as publisher ; the former retaining a connection as editor, and contin ued thus till Jan. 1, 1854, when the Rev. Benjamin P. Stone* became editor. A paper advocating the principles of temperance has been published for a considerable time, but under so many names and so many editors that to trace its history is impracticable. Other papers have had " their day," and passed away. The " Balm of Gilead and Practical Universalist" was pubUshed at Concord, Nashua and Manchester, in 1842, and continued a few years. In April, 1842, Messrs. Tracy and Colby, of Concord, commenced the publi cation of the " Iris and Literary Repository," a monthly periodical ; discontinued. A semi-weekly paper, edited by George Kent, Esq., was started in Concord, in May, 1842. The *' Baptist Register " was published in Concord for several years, com mencing about 1 833. The Independent Democrat was first published at Manchester, May 1, 1845, by Robert C. YVetmore ; moved to Concord in about nine weeks, and shortly after, G. G. Fogg, Esq., then of Gilmanton, commenced contributing to its editorial columns, and soon became sole editor. In July, 1847, the proprietorship of the Democrat was disposed of by Mr. Wetmore to J. E. Hood and G. G. Fogg, and united with the " Granite Freeman," a liberty party paper, previously published by Mr. Hood, and under the title of " Independent Democrat and Freeman," published by them until Feb. 1, 1849 ; then Mr. Hood disposed of his interest in it to G. G. Fogg and A. H. Wiggin. In 1854 the former became sole pro prietor. The Semi^weekly State Capital Reporter was commenced by Col. Cyrus Barton, Jan. 1, 1852. In May, 1853, Amos Hadley, Esq., was associated with him under the firm of " Barton & Hadley." They commenced the weekly State Capital Reporter, July 1, 1853. In August, the same year, the Reporter became united with the " Old Guard," a journal commenced by Hon. Edmund Burke. In Nov., 1853, the name of the Reporter was changed to the "Reporter and Old Guard," conducted by the same editors, with Mr. Burke a contributor, and so conducted until Feb. 17, 1855 ; when, Col. Barton having died, his interest was vested in his widow, and the name of the firm was chanjred to " Hadley & Barton." The semi-weekly Reporter was discontinued in August, 1854. At the present time, printing, not only of newspapers, but books of every description, is one of tbe roost extensive branches of mechanical business in Concord. "ELECTION DAY." The great day in Concord, of all the year, was Election day. This occurred on Thursday, of the first week in June, when the new Governor was usually inducted into office. Preparations for the occasion commenced in May, when the women put every thing in order in-doors, and the men, out-doors. Rooms were swept, white-washed and garnished ; wood piled, and chips raked up ; door-yards cleaned ; fences repaired ; bams put in order ; provisions laid in, and * Rev. Benjamin P. Stone, D. D., has resided in Concord since 1837. He was bom la Reading, Vt., Feb. 1!, 1801, son of David Stone, a native of Groton, Mass., whose mother was .Martha Lawrence, a descendant of John Lawrence, of Watertown, Mass., 1635. Mr. S. graduated at Middlebury College, 1828; studied theology at Andover ; ordained the first pastor of the church in Franklin, N. H., May, 1831, where he remained one year ; installed pastor at Campion, 16:12; appointed Secretary of the N. H. Missionary Society, 1637, and moved to Concord. MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS. 739 all things else put in readiness for " 'lection." From Monday to Wednesday, members of the Legislature, ministers of the gospel — all sorts of public men — would be seen " coming into town," some on horseback, some in wagons and carriages ; some in stages — but all would be on hand by Wednesday. Almost every family on Main street in old times took boarders. The ministers of the "standing order," as they were then called, who were always provided for, met in Convention on that day, and had a sermon preached at the Old North Meet ing-bouse in the afternoon or evening. On Thursday, the "people" came from all adjacent and remote sections of the State — men, boys and negroes — equally eager to participate in the festivities of the occasion. Booths, tents, or stands well furnished with all kinds of eatables, and especially drinkables, were erected along on both sides of Main street, from the vicinity of the meeting-house to the middle of Main street. On the forenoon of Thursday was the great procession, composed of a cavalcade and of military companies, by which the Governor was escorted into town, amid a cloud of dust and the thunder of a su-pounder ! Next followed in procession all the honorable State authorities, ministers of the gospel, public men of all ranks, titles and pretensions, with a more numerous side procession of the "people," including women and boys. Previous to 1819 this procession marched with martial music from the old town hall, and after wards from the State House to the old meeting-house to hear the Election Ser mon. The sermon was preached by a person previously appointed either by the Governor and Council or by the Legislature. On this august occasion the old meeting-house was crowded to its utmost capacity — the honorables having seats in the pews below, and the people in the gallery. To prevent any accident from over-crowding the old oak edifice, the galleries were shored up with substantial timbers 1 The appointment to preach the Election Sermon was con sidered complimentary to the talents and standing or to the politics of the min ister, and of course it was not uncommon for him on such occasions to do his best — speaking " to the times" — and often echoing the voice of the people, as well as the voice of God ! Some of the. election sermons were fine specimens of pulpit oratory, and are remembered by aged people to this day. At the earliest period the sermon was followed by a public dinner, which, how ever, was discontinued in later times. Gov. John Langdon, John T. Gilman and Samuel Bell, are remembered as among the most dignified Governors of former years. Gov. Gilman is remembered by many as wearing a cocked up hat, with a large cockade. For his body guard he had a negro servant by the ' name of " London." This London, having been a soldier in the Revolution, always appeared on election days, dressed in bis regimentals, with a cocked hat, and bore the name of " Gineral." All the negroes in the vicinity, especially such as had served in the war, would rally, and march under command of " Gineral London," to pay their salutes to the Governor ; and, what was better, to receive from him a treat ! Previous to 1816, and even later, the head or center of the great gatherings on election day was at the north end. There was the meeting-house, and the post-office, and the great Washington tavern ! But after the State House was built, the attraction was stronger that way ; so that, gradually, as the people drew down into that vicinity, the distance to the old meeting-house seemed .jnuch longer ; and finally the old customs of processions, sermons, booths and exhibitions on election day ceased. Though the name is kept up, the thing itself has passed away. " Sic transit gloria mundi ! " * LIST OP MINISTERS WHO HAVE PREACHED THE ELECTION SERMON, SO FAB AS COULD BE ASCERTAINED. NAME. BES1DENCE. TEAR. Rev. Samuel McClintock, Greenland, 1784. Rev. Jeremy Belknap, Dover, 1785. Rev. Samuel Haven, Portsmouth, 1786. Rev. Samuel Langdon, Portsmouth, 1-88. Rev. Oliver Noble, New-Castle, 1789. NAME. Rev. John C. Ogden, Rev. Israel Evans, Rev. WiUiam Morrison, Rev. Amos Wood, Rev. Wm. F. Rowland, RESIDENCE. TEAR. Portsmouth, 1790. Concord, 1791. Londonderry, 1792. Weare, ' 1794. Exeter, 1796. •An amusing reminiscence of " Election Day" was published in 1842, in a paper called the " Locomotive," edited by Geo. Kent, Esq. (t was attributed to Hon. Edward Kent, of Maine. The article was republished in Hill's N. H. Patriot, June 9, 1842. F40 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Rev. Stephen Teahody, Rev. Rohert Gay, Rev. Seth Payson, Rev. Jacob Burnap, Rev. Joseph Woodman, Rev. Aaron Hall, Rev. Nath'l Porter, Rev. Reed Paige, Rev. James Miltimore, Rev. Nathan Bradstreet, Rev. Nathan Parker, Rev. Wm. F. Rowland, Rev. RosweU Shurtleff, Rev. Thomas Beede, Rev. Moses Bradford, Rev. Peter Holt, Atkinson, Dover,Rindge,Merrimack, Sanbomton, Keene, Conway,Hancock, Srratham,Chester,Portsmouth, Exeter,Hanover, Wilton, Francestown, 1813. Epping, 1814. 1797. 179S. 1799. 18111. 1802. It03.1804. 1805. 1806. 1807. 1808. 1809. 1810.1611. Rev.Rev.Rev.Rev.Rev.Rev.Rev.Rev.Rev. Rev. Rev. Rev.Rev. Rev.Rev. David Sutherland, Pliny Dickinson, Daniel Merrill, William Allen, James B. Howe. Eph'm P. Bradford, Jonathan French, Bonnet Tyler, Phinehas Cooke, Ferdinand Ellis, Nath'l W. Williams, Nathaniel Bouton, Humphrey Moore, Jazeniah Crosby, Nathan Lord, Rath, 1815. Walpole, 1816. Notti'ch'm W.1817, Hanover, J818. Claremont, 1820. New-Boston, 1821. N. Hampton, 1822. Hanover, 1824. Acworth, Exeter, Concord,Concord, Milford, Charlestown, 1830. Hanover, 1831 1825. 1826. 1827.1828. 1829. CONCORD LITERARY INSTITUTION AND TEACHERS' SEMI NARY. THE FIRST, AND THUS FAS THE LAST OF THE KIND EVER BUILT IN CONCORD In 1835 a building was erected on the hill directly west of Union street, on land given by Samuel A. Kimball, Esq., for the purpose of a High School or Academy. The building was 58 feet long, 54 wide, two stories in height, with a cupola ; entrance, two doors in front, one for males and the other for females. The apartments were separated on the lower floor by a partition with sliding doors. In the upper story were rooms for a library, apparatus and recitations, with a spacious hall for exhibitions. The cost of the building, which was paid for by subscriptions, was about $3500, exclusive of apparatus and library, which were estimated at $200. A Board of Trustees was chosen, of which Rev. N. Bouton was President, Rev. E. E. Cummings, Secretary, and Dea. William Gault, Treasurer. An act of incorporation was obtained, and a public school opened in the building in the fall of 1835, under the instruction of Mr. T. D. P. Stone, as principal ; Miss Elizabeth Fuller, preceptress, and Miss Rowena Coffin and Miss Mary K. Coffin, assistants. Mr. Stone resigned in August, 1837, but the school was continued under successive teachers until 1844, when, on account of pecuniary embarrassments, the building was sold at public auc tion for $540. It was afterwards bought by Hon. Isaac Hill, moved away, and constructed into three dwelling-houses, at the lower end of Main street. [For further particulars, see Records of the Institution, in N. H. Historical Society's Library, and document on file, marked " Concord Literary Institution," &&] BOATING COMPANY. (Seep. 371.) The navigation of the Merrimack by boats to this place was consummated mainly by the enterprise and energy of John L. Sullivan, Esq., a gentleman highly esteemed in this section, who was many years superintendent of the Middlesex Canal, in Massachusetts, and also of the locks and canals on the Merrimack. Most of them were built under his supervision. He early con ceived the idea of navigating the Merrimack by steamboats, and with this view, having obtained a charter from the Legislature giving him the exclusive right, he commenced about 1814, building boats at Charlestown, Mass., and, after trying various models and numerous experiments on machinery, he so far suc ceeded as to get a boat propelled by steam to reach here in 1819. It was his purpose to tow the loaded boats by this steamboat, but it was found on trial that she had barely sufficient power to pass herself up the rapids, without any incum brance, and the project was finally abandoned. A charter was granted by the Legislature of New-Hampshire in 1812, incorpo rating John L. Sullivan and his associates, by the name and style of the " Mer rimack Boating Company." The first boat up the river arrived at Concord in the autumn of 1814. The locks on the river not being completed, she brought but a small cargo, consist ing of general merchandise. MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS. 741 Iu June, 1815, the locks on the river, and the warehouse near Concord bridge being in order, the boats commenced running regularly. The rates of freight between Boston and Concord were as follows : viz., 1815 to 1819. Upward, $12 ; downward, $8 per ton of 2240 pounds. 1819 to 1822. " 10 " 7 1822 to 1824. "8 "6 " " " 1824 to 1830. "7 "5 " " " 1830 to 1836. "5 "4 " 2000 " 1836 to 1837. "6 "4 1837 to 1841. "5 "4 " " " 1841 to 1842 — 1st class. "5 "4 " " " 1841 to 1842— 2d class. "4 "4 " " " The mode of propelling the boats up the river was by means of setting-poles. In going downward they used oars, but when the wind was fair, sails were used, both in ascending and descending. The company suffered severe losses occasionally by the upsetting or swamp ing of boats. In one instance a boat, by imprudently attempting to run over Goffe's falls, was capsized, and one of the men drowned. This was the only instance of any one being drowned from the boats. It was customary in high water to use oxen to tow the boats over some of the rapids. At the head of Amoskeag falls was one of these rapids. A boat, with a full cargo of miscel laneous goods, having ascended the locks, the team was made fast to her to tow her over the rapid ; by some misunderstanding the team was started before the men on board had got the boat in the proper position. This gave her such a " shear" out into the current that the whole force of it came against her broad side, and it was impossible for the men to " round her to" in season to save her, and it was found that she must go over the falls " in spite of fate," and for a time it seemed that the men and team must all go with her, but fortunately the men, by leaping overboard, mode shift to reach the shore in safety, and by dex terously cutting the rope just as they were being drawn into the river, the oxen were saved. The boat went over the falls, and was, of course, dashed in many , pieces. A portion of the cargo was picked up below, very much damaged. This happened iu 1840 *and caused a loss to the company of about $2500. The company was under the general management and control of John L. Sullivan, Esq., from its commencement up to 1822, when his interest in it ceased. The business of the Boston Landing was under the care of the late David Dodge, Esq., from its commencement to 1823 ; from that time to its close Mr. Reuben B. Sherburne had charge of it ; at Concord, the late Samuel Butters had charge up to 1819 ; from theu to its close Theodore French was in charge. The number of boats employed during spring and autumn was about twenty ; in summer, a less number ; capacity of boats, twenty tons — manned by three men. The greatest amount of freight charged in any one season was in 1839 — $38,169. The average from the commencement to the close of tbe business was about $25,000 per season. In addition to their freighting for others, the company brought up and sold large quantities of salt, lime and plaster on their own account. In 1823 the corporate name of the company was, by act of the Legislature, changed to the " Boston and Concord Boating Company." They continued to do a prosperous business until superseded by the Concord Railroad, in the fall of 1842. FREE BRIDGES. (See p. 469.) The first free bridge ever built over any part of Merrimack river, it is believed was built in Concord, in 1839. In this undertaking persons residing in the Main village, and near the center of Main street, took an especial interest. The first meeting for consultation on the subject was called by Mr. John Gass, and was held at the American house, in the fall of 1838 ; Hon. Isaac Hill was chair man ; a committee was then appointed to obtain subscriptions for the purpose, in Concord, and in towns eastward, and $4380 were subscribed. At a subsequent -meeting, Nathan Call and John Gass, of Concord ; Bailey Parker, of Pembroke, 742 HISTORY OF CONCORD. and Cyrus Tucker, of Loudon, were appointed a. building committee. It was built of wooden piers, where the free bridge now stands ; a road opened across the interval on both sides of the river, and through the gulley, eastward ; and road commissioners then laid out the road, assessing one half the cost upon the town. In January, 1841, the bridge was carried off by a great freshet, but rebuilt as soon as practicable, at a cost of about $3000. Still, it was materi ally injured again and again by freshets; when, in 1842, a powerful opposition was raised against it by inhabitants in other sections of the town. At a meet ing, April 11, 1842, it was voted, "that, in the opinion of the legal voters of the town of Concord, the free bridge over Merrimack river is, in its concep tion, location and construction, impolitic, unequal and oppressive, and ought not to he continued at the expense of the town." The question of sustaining it was also carried into court, at a considerable cost to the parties.* In 1850 a board of selectmen was chosen, who were in favor of a free bridge, and who were instructed to proceed to rebuild it in a substantial manner. This was accordingly done in the course of the year. At the present time, 1855, the " Concord Bridge," which was built in 1795, is the only toll bridge in the bounds of the city. COST AND ESTIMATED VALDE OF BBIDQES. WHEN BUILT. Free Bridge 1849-50 Federal Bridge 1850-51 . Two Bridges at FisherviUe, . .1849-50 Horse-hill Bridge 1852. . Sewall's Falls Bridge, town paid, 1852 Sewall's Falls Bridge, city paid, 1853 . $38,000 ORIGINAL COST. PRESENT VALDE. . $16,753 . . $12,000 . 15,950 . . . 12,000 . . 5,150 . . . 4,000 . 2,676 . . . 2,000 . . 1,735 . . 6,335 . . . 8,000 COL. BENJAMIN GROVER'S HOUSE, t Col. Grover's house, an elegant view of which he has,furnished, by particular request, for this History, is the latest and best specimen of architecture to be seen in the city. It stands on Pleasant street, near the new Baptist church, on a lot 80 by 175 feet, which cost, in 1850, 8900. The house was built in 1854 — G. M. Harding, then of Concord, architect ; Colby and Dow, of Concord, build ers. The sketch was drawn by Mr. Nathan Brown, of this city, and engraved by Eilburn & Mallory, of Boston. The cost of the house without the land was about S7.500. A view of this elegant structure, with other beautiful houses in its vicinity ; also, others on " Kent's," or " Holt's Hill," some towards the south end of Main street, and the northerly part of State street, together with the sub stantial dwelling of Hon. Francis N. Fisk, at- the "north end," may give us a just idea of the progress made since the log-house period, not only in architect ure, but in the comforts of domestic and social life .J CARRIAGE MANUFACTURE. Mr. Lewis Downing, in answer to a request from the author, says : " I com menced business in Concord, May, 1813, nearly opposite tbe Merrimack County Bank. When I began, my whole capital consisted of my tools and about $60 in cash, in all, SI 50. The first year I worked entirely alone. At that time every part of the work was done by hand labor ; no power machinery. In the fall of 1816 I moved my shop to the south end of the street. After the first year I employed from three to six hands, for ten or twelve years ; after that, I enlarged my shop, and started all the different branches connected with carriage business, such as blacksmith, painting and trimming, &c, and commenced building chaise and coaches, &c, and employed from thirty to forty hands up to 1847. At that time I built new shops in the center of the street, and took my * See Town Records, t For a view of it, see next page. X Compare p. 514, Ace. ^w-^-^.wg* RESIDENCE 6F COL. BENJAMIN GROVER. 744 HISTORY OF CONCORD. two sons into the business with me. Since 1847 have employed from forty to seventy hands ; now seventy hands, and could sell the work of twice that number, but my practice has ever been to do no more business than I could see to, per- soually." In reply to inquiries of Messrs. J. S. & E. A. Abbot, who are also engaged in the manufacture of carriages of various kinds, they say: "In 1854 we sent car riages into every State, Territory and Province in North America, (except Del aware ;) also, Mexico and South America. We employed averaging one hun dred and ninety men ; delivered six hundred and twenty-five carriages, and used three hundred thousand feet of lumber, two hundred and fifty tons Cumberland coal, six thousand five hundred bushels charcoal. We cannot now name the exact amount of iron, but about two hundred and fifty tons." CONTEST BETWEEN THE " NORTH " AND THE "SOUTH-END- ERS" ABOUT AN OLD GUN! [COMMMUNICATED BT MR. CHARLES K. WEST, OF CONCOED.] At the close of the war of 1812-15 there were two small cannon in Concord- one belonging to the south and the other to the north end —and to manage them, two companies were formed : that at the north end commanded by a son of David George, and that at the south by Col. William Kent. About 1817 a sham fight occurred between them, on the Court House hill, in which both com panies became greatly excited, and began to load with gravel, when the town authorities interfered. From that time an enmity continued between the boys of the north and south ends, until both guns were out of the way. " The fate of tbe south gun," says Mr. West, " I never knew." "About the year 1818, on the 4th of July, the south-en ders took the north-enders' gun from them, after a hard conflict. Before winter the gun was recaptured, dismounted and kept till the spring of 1819, when the south-enders again took the gun, while it was firing one evening on the hill back of the Court House, and hid it in Major Chandler's jewelry shop. The north-enders keeping themselves well drilled and armed with suitable cudgels, with spikes in the end, appointed a committee to prepare tools and break into Major Chandler's shop in the night and get the gun, while a sufficient number should stand by to carry off the prize. After commencing operations, however, they desisted through fear that they might be taken up for stealing : but the Major soon after ejected the gun from his shop. It was then placed by the south-enders in the loft of the Phenix stable, chained to a beam, fastened with a padlock, and guarded by a faithful dog. Before a mouth passed away the dog was bribed, the gun taken, and let down through the attic window on to the dung heap, where it struck hard, but noiseless ; thence it was triumphantly borne off upon a wheel-barrow, and fired once that night at the north end ! It was never fired but a few times after that, and but once at a time. I kept the gun in my possession till 1826, occasionally changing its hid ing-place. When about to leave town, as I could get no one to take charge of it, and the excitement was still kept up, finally, rather than the gun should go into the hands of the south-enders, (with the help of only one of the faithful to assist me,) I took the gun to Horse Shoe pond and sunk it, where I have every reason to believe it still remains — a north-^nder !" INDIAN REMAINS — REMARKABLE DISCOVERY. Just as this chapter of our History was going to press, an interesting discov ery was made of Indian remains. The third week in November inst., (1855,) Mr. Cyrus W. Paige, in digging a cellar for a new dwelling-house west of Rich ard Bradley's, and on land recently sold by bim, came to human bones, which, from their position and quantity, greatly excited his attention. Before remov ing them he called on Dr. William Prescott, who, after carefully examining them, expresses the opinion that without doubt they are the remains of Indians long since interred there. Dr. Prescott says, in a communication which I have DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 745 the honor to acknowledge : "The whole number found thus far is nine, and all were comprised within a space of about ten by fifteen feet. Three of them were adults — one male, of a very large size, and two females ; the others were children and youth. Considering the time that must have elapsed since thev were interred, the bones were in a tolerable state of preservation. Two of the cramums were nearly perfect — that of the adult male and one of the adult females. They were each enshrouded in a thick envelope, consisting of several thicknesses of pitch pine bark — the only exception being what appeared to be a female between two infants, all being enclosed in one general envelope. The skeletons all lay upon the right side, in a direction north and south, the face looking east ; the lower limbs somewhat flexed upon the trunk, the knees flexed at about right angles, and the elbows completely flexed, the head resting upon the right hand. I have the honor to be, Very respectfully, Your friend, Wm. Pbescott." No. 8. DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL CHAPTER. The author had designed to publish in this chapter all the documents referred to in the body of his History, but is compelled by the limits of the work to abridge in this particular. Those of more general interest, and essential to illustrate and confirm the statements in the History, are, however, herein con tained ; while the others have been carefully labeled and marked, so as to cor respond with the pages referred to, and may he found filed in the archives of the N. H. Historical Society, where they will be accessible, upon application to the librarian, by persons who desire more particular information. DOCUMENT FOR CHAPTER II., p. 56. Pennecook, March 22, 1722. March 1 9, Capt. Frie and Lieut. Barker with thirty men moved from Ando ver, to go to Pennecook. Ye 1st day was Stormy, but we went to Nutfield, and lodged there that Night. The 2d Day we came to Amiskege, and lodged there. The 3d day we Came to Suncook, in Pennecook, and built four Casys, and lodged there. The 4th day we came to Pennecook Plains, att ye Intervale Lands, about 11 of the Clock. There we found five of those men which came from Ireland. Mr. Houston was one of them. They came to us, and we chose Capt. Frie to discourse them with 4 men. They say they have a Grant of this Pennecook on both sides of the River. They call us Rebbels, and commands us to discharge the Place, both in the King's name and in the Province's ; and if we don't, in a fortnight they will git us off : We therefore desire you, Justice Stevens, with the Committe, to send us word whether we have any Encourage ment to Stay, or else to draw off. Butt Capt. Flic's Courage is So that he will Stay allone rather then Let them userpers drive us off. A true copy of ye Journall Sent from Pennecook, and of Their Treatment when they got there.* * Furnished by Hon. C. E. Potter. 746 HISTORY OF CONCORD. DOCUMENTS REFERRED TO IN CHAPTER 111. No. 1, pp. 63, 64. The Endicot or Sewall farm. No. 2, p. 81. Expenses of committee sent to Penacook to notify "Massachu setts gentlemen to withdraw themselves." No. 3, p. 91. Forfeiture of rights. DOCUMENTS IN CHAPTER IV. No. 1. "An Act for subjecting all persons and estates within this Province, lying to the eastward or northward of the northern and eastern boundary of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay, (not being within any township,) to pay a tax, (according to the rules herein prescribed,) towards the support of this Gov ernment." DOCUMENTS FOR CHAPTER V. No. 1, p. 152. Petition of Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., April 30, 1745, for aid against the French and Indians. No. 2, p. 152. Petition of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, March 12, 1746, for the same. No. 3, p. 152. Petition of the Inhabitants of Rumford. July 13, 1747, to the Governor, Council and Assembly, for the same. This petition signed by sixty- two persons. No. 4, p. 152. Petition of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman, Sept. 23, 1747, for the same. No. 5, 153. Col. Benjamin Rolfe's muster roll of two companies, June 8, 1745, viz. : of " Capt. John Chandler, leader of a scout," of ten men ; and of Capt. Jeremiah Clough, " leader of a scout," of five men. No. 6, p. 156. Capt. Daniel Ladd's muster roll, of sixty-five men, Aug. 11, 1746. No. 7, p. 156. Contains a petition from " Capt. Daniel Ladd," March 31, 1747, " asking remuneration for losses sustained while in command of his " volunteer company," in 1746. He says : " Your petitioner was obliged to carry two horses tor the said service, and lost one of them. I had one gun also taken from me by the Indians, when they killed Jonathan Bradlee, and some others of my company — said Bradlee having my gun with him at that time." No. 8, p. 174. "A muster roll of the company in His Majesty's service, under command of Capt. Ebenezer Eastman," 1747. In this company, consisting of sixteen men, were Rev. Mr. Phinehas Stevens, of Boscawen, and James Scales, Esq., of Canterbury. No. 9, p. 174. A muster roll of a company under command of Capt. Eben ezer Eastman, in Nov., 1747, in which were thirty-five men. No. 10, p. 174. A muster roll of a company under command ofi Capt. Moses Foster, 1748. In this company were twenty-seven men, among whom was Rev. Mr. Whittemore, of Pembroke. DOCUMENTS FOR CHAPTER VL No. 1, pp. 190, 191. From this document, which is placed on file at length, it appears that Capt. Eastman's company marched from " Stephenstown," which was also called " Bakerstown" — now called Franklin — about the last of July, 1755. On the 16th of August they were at Deerfield, Mass. " Then our com pany took allowance of bread, meat and rhum ; part of our bread we took at Northheld. 2 days before, but we took no pease." On the 24th of August they were at Albany. " This day we took allowance of bread, meat, and Aug. 25th we took allowance of pease ; all which allowance we took for 8 days, and our rum we took every day." On the 6th of Sept. they were at Fort Lyman ; and on the 8th of Sept. at Lake Sacrament. " We fought with the enemy, and Timothy Eastman was wounded." Sept. 13, "we took J^ pint of molasses each." Sept. 19. " From the 30th of Aug. until now, we took no rum, except DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 747 % a gill each at a time, when 16 of us came from 'ye Lake, from fighting, to fa rtf yman' and % a S'11 each at '7e Lake. twice ; and a gill each, since ; and 18 ot us received a pint each, in order to go to scouting; and Sept. 18, ten of our men went to scouting, and received a pint each and 20 ounces of ginger at once; and no flour since Sept. 6, nor molasses, nor no sugar since we came irom Albany. Sept. 18 and 19, we rec'd a gill and a half of rum, in all, each, and a quart of molasses for 'ye sick in our company." [These extracts may give us some idea of the privations and sufferings of the " ranger life."] No. 2, p. 192. Depositions of Amos Eastman, John Stark and William Stark, as to their capture by the Indians at Baker's river, &c Dated Penacook, May 23, 1754; [Copied from Secretary's office.] DOCUMENTS FOR CHAPTER VII. No. 1, p. 206. Charter of Bow, copied from records in Secretary's office. No. 2, A, p. 208. Petition of Benjamin Rolfe, Esq , to the Governor and Council of New-Hampshire, for the incorporation of Rumford by its original bounds. No. 2, B, p. 208. A counter petition by the Selectmen of Bow. No. 3, p.^208. Writ of ejectment against Dea. John Merrill. No. 4, p.*213, A and B. Power, by the inhabitants of Rumford, to Rev. Tim othy Walker and Benjamin Rolfe, Esq., Feb. 12, 1753, to ." represent to the King's most excellent Majesty, the manifold grievances they labor under," &c. ; and also by the proprietors, to the same, to represent " their manifold griev ances" to the General Court of Massachusetts. No. 5, p. 216. Petition of Clement March, Daniel Peirce and Zeb. Giddings, July, 1754, to Benning Wentworth, &c., for a grant of £100, to aid in carrying on the suit against the proprietors of Rumford. No. 6, p. 219. Petition of Daniel Peirce, &c, "for accommodation and agree ment," February, 1757. No. 7, p. 214. Jeremiah Stickney's letter. DOCUMENTS FOR CHAPTER VIII. No. 1, p. 239. Petition of Joseph Baker and Philip Eastman, representing the difficulty of collecting taxes, May 1, 1764; and petition and complaint of Edward Russell, Solomon Heath and Thomas Chandler, setting forth their burden of taxes, &c. Jane 12, 1764. No. 2, p. 239. Petition of Rev. Timothy Walker, for an incorporation by "their former known bounds," April 11, 1764. No. 3, p. 240. Act of incorporation of a Parish in Bow, by the name of Con cord. May 25, 1765. Anno Regni Regis Georgii Magna! Brittanice, Francice, Hibernioz, Quinto.* BAn Act setting off a part of the town of Bow, together with some lands adjoining thereto, with the inhabitants thereon, and making them a Parish ; iuvesting them with such privileges aud immunities as towns in this Province have and do enjoy. Whereas, there are sundry arrearages of taxes now due, which the inhabitants aforesaid apprehend they cannot levy for want of sufficient authority, and several of them praying they might be erected into a town or parish, and enjoy the common privileges of other towns in this Province : Be it enacted, Therefore, by the Governor, Council and Assembly, that the inhabitants who are settled on the lands hereafter described, viz. : Beginning at the mouth of Contoocook river, (so called,) which is the southeast corner of Boscawen, from thence running south, seventy-three degrees west, by suid Bos cawen, four miles ; from thence running south, seventeen degrees cast, seven miles and one hundred rods ; from thence running north, seventy-three degrees ?In the year of the reign of George, King of Great Britain, France and Ireland, the Fifth. 748 HISTORY OF CONCORD. east, about four miles, to Merrimack river ; then crossing the said river, and still continuing the same course to Soucook river ; then beginning again at the mouth of Contoocook river aforesaid ; from thence running north, seventy- three degrees east, six hundred and six rods from the easterly bank of Merri mack river, or till it shall come to the south-cast line of Canterbury ; from thence south-east, on said line, two miles and eighty rods ; from thence down the said river, till it comes to where the line from Merrimack river strikes Sou cook river. And that the polls and estates within the aforesaid boundary be, and hereby are, set off and made a parish by the name of Concord, and invested and en franchised with all the powers, privileges and authorities which any town in this Province doth by law enjoy, excepting that when any of the inhabitants of tbe aforesaid parish shall have occasion to lay out any road throngh any of tbe lands that are already laid out aud divided by the said town of Bow, that appli cation shall be for the some to Court of General Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the said Province, as in other cases. And that the said inhabitants of said parish are hereby subjected to the same duties, pains and penalties the law subjects the inhabitants of other towns in this Province. And that their first meeting for the choice of town officers be held on the third Tuesday of August next, which officers shall stand and continue till the next March following ; which meeting shall be notified by Samuel Emerson, Esq., who is hereby directed to post the same, together with the time, place and occa sion thereof, in some public place in said parish, fifteen days beforehand, who shall also govern said meeting until a moderator shall be chosen by the major part of such inhabitants as the law directs in such cases ; and that their annual meeting for the future for the choice of town officers be held on the first Tues days [of March,] annually. And that the officers that shall be chosen in virtue of this act are hereby in vested with the same powers which other like officers have in other towns in this Province, and under the same duties and penalties of other like officers. And whereas the Province tax for the year 1763, which arose and should have been paid by the said town of Bow, as their proportion thereof, amounting to eighty pounds ten shillings sterling, and ninety-six pounds twelve shillings new tenor ; and for the year 1 764, the sum of ninety-six pounds two shillings new tenor : Be it therefore enacted, That the selectmen that shall be chosen in consequence of this act the day the first meeting shall be held for the choice of town officers, as aforesaid, together with John Noyes and Edward Russell, Esqrs., or the major part of them, shall assess the polls and estates of the inhabitants living within the aforesaid limits, as also the other inhabitants within the remaining part of Bow, (exclusive of 6uch as are already set off to Pembroke and New- Hopkinton,) with the said tax that arose and became due in said year 1763, to gether with the current charges that shall arise on said Bow for the year 1 765, and order the same to be paid into the treasury of said Province by the 25th day of December, 1765 ; and the selectmen that shall be chosen in said parish for the year 1766, together with the said John Noyes and Edward Russell, or the major part of them, as aforesaid, shall assess all the inhabitants that shall be within the said boundaries and the aforesaid town of Bow, excepting as aforesaid, with the sum of ninety pounds twelve shillings, new tenor, together with the current charges of the year 1 766, and order the same to be paid by the 25th day of De cember, 1766; and that the selectmen that shall be chosen annually for this parish, together with the aforesaid John Noyes and Edward Russell, as afore said, shall annually assess the inhabitants aforesaid with the current charges of the government that shall be due from the said town of Bow, as their part of the Province tax, until a new proportion of the same shall be made. And be it further enacted, that the constable or collectors who shall have any of the said taxes to collect, shall have full power and authority to levy and collect the same, as though all the persons mentioned in the respective lists were within the aforesaid parish. And be it further enacted, that no person or persons who shall move into the said town of Bow, on any new lands that are not improved, nor the polls that DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 749 shall come into said Bow after the date of this act, shall be liable to pay any part of the arrearages that arose in the year 1763 and 1764, but are hereby de clared to be exempt therefrom. And be it further enacted, that in case of death or removal of either of the aforesaid John Noyes or the said Edward Russell, that their place shall be sup plied by the proprietors of the town of Bow, upon having notice thereof ; but if in case the proprietors of said Bow shall not supply such vacancy within one month after notice is given to one of the agents of the proprietors of said Bow, that then the selectmen of said parish shall make the necessary taxes for the Province themselves : Provided, that private property be no ways affected by this act. province of new-hampshibe. In the House of Representatives, May 25, 1765. This bill having been read three times, Voted, that it pass to be enacted. H. Sherburne, Speaker. PROVINCE OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE. In Council, Juno 7, 1765. This bill read a third time and passed to be enacted. J. Atkinson, Jun., Secretary. Consented to. B. Wentworth. Copy examined per J. Atkinson, Jun., Secretary. Copy examined per Timo. Walker, Jun., Parish Clerk of Concord. No. 4, p. 241. " It was said by some at the time, that one object the selectmen of Concord had in view in consenting to this change, was, to get rid of support ing a certain bridge, that crossed the Merrimack considerably below where the present bridge is. But some few years after, the Court, on petition for that pur pose, straightened the road, and located the bridge further up the river, in Con cord, on condition that each of the two towns should build and forever support one half of it. Boscawen consented to the condition, and called a special town meeting, at which they chose an agent, and authorized him to bind the town to build and support one half of the bridge. This they did for several years, but finding that they could not be legally compelled to support a bridge out of town, refused to do it. Concord prosecuted Boscawen, but failed of their object, and now the support of the whole bridge devolves on Concord."* No. 5, p. 244. Constable's warrant for collecting taxes. No. 6, p. 248. Petition of Andrew McMillan, for annexation to the county of Hillsborough. No. 7, p. 249. Petition of Timothy Walker, Jun. Grant of township, &c. This document is placed on file, but the names of the original grantees, &c, are here inserted. NAMES OP THE ORIGINAL GRANTEES OF THE TOWNSHIP OF RUMFORD, ME. The Committee appointed by the Great and General Court, at their session in Boston, February, 1774, (upon the petition of Timothy Walker, Jun., and associates,) to inquire into the sufferings, and make out and return a list of said sufferers, having notified, met and fully heard said sufferers, as directed by said Courts report the following list of names to whom rights are to be assigned. RIGHTS. Timothy Walker, Jun., of Concord, 3 George Abbot, " 2 Thomas Stickney, " 3 John Chandler, " 3 RrGHTa. Ephraim Farnum, Concord, 1 Benj. Farnum, " 2 Joseph Farnum, " 1 Timothy Bradley, " 1 William Coffin, " 1 Rev. Timothy Walker, " 2 Ebenezer Hall, " 1 Joseph Eastman, " 1 Jonathan Merrill, " 1 j Aaron Stephens, " 2 Amos Abbot, " 2 \ Moses Hall, " 1 Edward Abbot, " 2 ; Philip KimbaU, " 1 * Communicated by Capt. Henry Rolfe. 750 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Ebenezer Eastman, Concord, 1 David Hall, " 1 Philip Eastman, " 2 James Walker, " 1 Charles Walker, " 1 Richard Haseltine, " 1 Paul Walker, " 1 Jeremiah Bradley, " 1 Hannah Osgood, " 2 Asa Kimball, " 1 Moses Eastman, " 1 John Bradley, " 1 Jonathan Stickney, " 1 Reuben Kimball, " 1 Benjamin Abbot, " 1 Joshua Abbot, " 1 Abiel Chandler, " 5 Timothy Walker, tertius, " 1 Nathaniel Eastman, '- 2 Heirs of Eben Virgin, " 3 Peter Green, " 1 Ephraim Carter, " 1 Heirs of Jeremiah Dresser, " 1 Nath'l Rolfe, " 1 Ebenezer Harnden Goss, " 4 Nathaniel Abbot, " 1 Gustavus Adolphus Goss, Concord, 1 Amos Eastman, Hollis, Abraham Kimball, Bradford, Timothy Walker, Conway, Ebenezer Hall, Sanford, Jeremiah Eastman, Sanford, Dr. Charles Chauncey, Boston, Heirs of Rev. Samuel Phillips, An dover, Stephen Farrington, Fryeburg, Heirs of Abner Fowler," Coos, Elijah Durgin, Hopkinton, N. H., Caleb Smart, Jonathan Straw, " " Benj. Gale, Haverhill, Nathaniel Marsh, Haverhill, Cutting Marsh, " James McHard, " Robert Davis, " Anna Stevens, " Hcnrv Lovejoy, *' Phinehas Kimball, " Samuel Rennals, Boxford, Samuel and William Dana, Groton, % Dudley Colman, Newbury, }£ 1 % 1 1 1 IK 1 111 1 1 8 i DOCUMENTS FOR CHAPTER IX., No. 1, PAGE 273. PRICES OF ARTICLES OF PROVISION. " By virtue of an act of the Honorable General Court of this State, called a regulating act for the preventing monopoly and oppression, we, the subscribers, have" affixed the prices of the several articles hereinafter mentioned, being a committee lawfully appointed by the parish of Concord for the same." The Committee were — Reuben Kimball, James Abbot, John Kimball, Robert Davis, David Hall. The language in which the prices of the several articles is expressed in the report is thus : " Wheat — good merchantable — shall not exceed the price of seven shillings per bushel," — which I have abridged, as follows : s. d. Wheat, 7 0 per bush. Indian Corn, ... 4 0 " Rye 5 0 " Oats, 2 6 Peas, 7 0 Beans, .... 7 0 " Potatoes, in the fall, .10 " At no other season, over 2 0 " Cheese, 0 6 per lb. Butter 0 9 " Wood, oak, ... 8 0 per cord. Pork, salt, . . . 0 9 per lb. Pork, fresh, . . .04%" Veal, fresh, ... 0 3 " Beef, grass fed, ..03 *' Beef, stall fed, ..04 Tallow, good tried, .09 " Mutton, grass fed, . Hides, raw, .... Leather, sole, . . Shoes, men's best, . . Shoes, women's best, Flip and Toddy, made of N. E. rum, . 1 Victuals, at tavern, . 1 Horse keeping, in win ter, 1 Horse keeping, in sum mer, 0 Ox keeping, one yoke, in winter, ... 1 Ox keeping, in summer, 1 Cider, at the press, . 8 Cider, other times, in proportion. d. 4 per lb. 4 6 " 0 per pair. 3 " 0 per mug. 0 per meal. 3 per night. 9 per night. 6 per night. 0 per night. 0 per bbl. DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. ("51 Cider, per mug, . . o Oats, per quart, . . 0 Flax 1 Wool 2 Stockings, good yarn, per pair, ... 7 Hay, best English, $6 per load in field. Farming labor, men, . Farming labor, ox work in proportion. Charcoal, at the Iron Works, .... Shoeing oxen, single, . Shoeing horse, — steel cork, .... Plough Irons, . . . Iron, — good bloome- ry £2 Hoes, apiece, . . . 3 2 0 per lb. 6 per lb. 3 6 per day. 3 per bush. 0 0 0 per lb. 0 per hund. 0 Chains and yoke irons, Carpenter's labor, . Joiner's labor, . Tailor's labor, Making a full suit, — woolen, . . £1 Woman's common la bor, .... Ferry, man and horse, Bpards, ... £1 Plank, ... £2 Hats, good wool, Saddles, ... £3 Bridles, Mason's labor, . Boots, half boots, best, 13 Tow Cloth, yard wide, 2 Best dressed wool cloth, 2£ yard wide, . . 9 3 per lb. 0 per dav. 6 " 0 4 0 6 per week. 2 0 per M. 0 " 0 00 6 per day. 6 per pair. 6 per yard. 0 per yard. DOCUMENT No. 2, pp. 278, 281. NAMES OF MEN BELONGING TO CONCORD, OF SERVICE, SO FAR AS CAN NOW BE ASCERTAINED. In Capt. Joshua Abbot's company at Bunker Hill, 1775: Joshua Abbot, Capt. ; Abiel Chandler, 2d Lieut. ; Jeremiah Abbot, Sergt. ; Samuel Davis, Sergt. ; Nath'l C. Abbot, Stephen Abbot, Reuben Abbot, Amos Abbot, Jona than Bradley, Ephraim Colby, Ezekiel Dimond, Moses Hall, Stephen Hall, William Mitchell, Richard Flood, William Straw, Peter Chandler. In Capt. Gordon Hutchins' company at Bunker Hill : Gordon Hutchins, Capt. ; Daniel Livermore, Ens. ; Benjamin Abbot, Serg. ; Simeon Danforth, Corp. ; William Walker, Corp. ; Robert Livingston, Isaac Johnson, Abraham Kimball, Thomas Chandler, Joseph Grace, Peter Johnston, Samuel Straw, Levi Hutchins, fifer; Michael Flanders, drummer ; Ezra Badger. In Capt. Aaron Kinsman's company at Bunker Hill ; Aaron Kinsman, Capt.; Ebenezer Eastman, Lieut.; Samuel Thompson, Corp. Note. — Most of Capt. K.'s company were from other towns. Concord, Feb. 26, 1776. " A return of those men who were in the Continen tal army last year and have engaged to tarry the present year," &c. Signed by Timothy Walker, jun., and Benj. Emery, selectmen, viz. : Jeremiah Abbot, Nath'l C. Abbot, John Kinkson, William Straw, Andrew Stone, William Walk- .er, Nath'l Eastman, jun., Moses Hall. In Capt. Benjamin Sias' company, (of Loudon,) 1776, of Col. David Gil- man's Regt., destined for New- York, and mustered by Col. Thomas Stickney, muster-master and pay-master of said company, were : Philbrick Bradley, Peter Blanchard, Amos Abbot, jun., Daniel Carter, Richard Flood and Stephen Sut ton. The latter perhaps of Canterbury. . In the Continental service, under Capt. Joshua Abbot, 1776 : Abiel Chand ler, Lieut. ; Ephraim Colby, Ens. ; Timothy Hall, Jonathan Haseltine, Philip Page, Amos Barnes, Florence McCollev, Beriah Abbot, Stephen Hall, Peter Chandler, John Merrill, Seth Spring, John Blanchard, Benjamin Powell, Heze- kiah Colby, William Walker, Phineas Stevens, Jonathan Johnson, Samuel Worthen, Moses Abbot, Moses Hall, Peter Carey, Jonathan Bradley, Ephraim Fisk. In Capt. Benjamin Emery's company, ( CoL Naham Baldwin's regiment, 752 HISTORY OF CONCORD. of which Gordon Hutchins was Lt. Colonel,) to reinforce the Continental army in New-York, 1776 : Benjamin Emery, Capt.; Aaron Kinsman, Ens.; Israel Glines, Ezra Badger, John Carter, Jonathan Currier, Simeon Colby, Ephraim Kinsman, William Stickney, Ezekiel Stickney, Jacob Carter, Solomon Gage, Benjamin Elliot, Bruce Walker. The following men served in Col. Timothy Bedel's regiment, and Capt. James Osgood's* company, and were at Fort Cedars, Canada East, May 19, 1776 — some of whom were taken prisoners, stripped of most of their clothing, and all their equipments and utensils for the camp or field : John Webster, Lieut. ; Richard H. Osgood, Serg. ; Hubbard Carter, Serg. ; Joshua Danforth, Corp. ; Nathaniel C. Abbot, Nathaniel Walker, Joseph Lund, Joseph Giles, Ezra Abbot, Elias Abbot, Philip Abbot, Benjamin Fifield, Ezekiel Eastman, Nathan Kinsman, Benjamin Kenniston, Daniel Chandler, Samuel Danford, William Simonds. In Capt. Ebenezer Green's company : Israel Glines, Ebenezer Hall, Joseph Chandler. Among those who were taken prisoners at Fort Cedars, were Elias Abbot, Ezra Abbot, Philip Abbot and Benjamin Fifield. In Capt. Daniel Livermore's company, 1777, 3d N. H. Regiment, who' enlisted for three years, or during tbe war : Robert Livingston, Serg. ; Amos Flood, Corp. ; Abner Hogg, Phineas Stevens, Daniel Chandler, Philip Rowell, Samuel Worthen, Abiel Stevens, Solomon Fisk, Obadiah Kimball, Abner Far num, Beriah Abbot, William Eastman, Jacob Eastman, John Straw, Ebenezer Farnum, Samuel Colby, who enlisted for one year. In Lt. Col Gerrish's regiment, raised in the town of Concord and towns adja cent, which " marched July 5, 1777, for the relief of the garrison at Ticonderoga, on the alarm, and marched seventy miles when the news of the evacuation of the fort" arrived : were from Concord : Richard Herbert, Lieut. ; William Simonds, Timothy Bradley, John Chase, Richard Eastman, Simeon Danforth, Isaac Abbot, Joseph Eastman, Daniel Farnum, Elias Abbot, John Peters, Nathaniel Eastman, Ebenezer Farnum, Eph raim Fisk, Jr., Abiel Hall, Isaac Chandler, Israel Glines, John Eastman, Phineas Stevens, Stilson Eastman, Ezekiel Dimond, Benjamin Rolfe, Jacob Heath, (?) Stephen Haines, (?) John Cross, (?) Peter Blanchard. (?) This company marched July 5th ; were discharged the 12th.t In Gen. Stark's brigade, at Bennington, Col. Thomas Stickney, 1777. Richard Herbert, Lieut. ; Jesse Abbot, John Abbot, Timothy Johnson, Ephraim Abbot, Ezra Abbot, Stephen Abbot, Benjamin Ambrose, Philbrick Bradley, (was wounded ; ) Simeon Danforth, Reuben Dimond, Benjamin Elliot, Theodore Far num, Richard Flood, Elias Abbot, Abner Flanders, Samuel Kinsman, John Peters, Ephraim Fisk, Ephraim Fisk, Jr., David George, Solomon Gage, Israel Glines, Abial Hall, Anthony Potter, Phineas Stevens, William Symonds,* Si mon Trumbull, Gilman West. A Return of the man's Names belonging to my Company, in Coll. Stickney's Regement, wich have Enliested as Soders to sarve three mounth, agreable to a Late A ct of tbe General Corte : Elias Abbot, Gilman Wast, Edward Wast, Ruben Blanchard, Epheram Fisk, John Dow, Joseph Blanchard, Keyes Bradley, Josier Flanders, Ebenezer Gray, Benjamin Bradley, Elisha Virgin, William Eastman. Aaron Kinsman, Capt Concord, July 11, 1780. [Copied from the original.] Concord, July 17, 1781. We, the subscribers, do voluntarily Inlist ourselves as Soldiers in the service of New Hampshire for the Parish of Concord, for the term of three months » Capt. Osgood was, it is supposed, of Conway, -f Army Rolls, vol. I., C. p. 78, 79. X Was wounded in the battle of the 16th of August, and drew a pension. DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 753 after our arrival at the place of rendezvous, unless sooner discharged ; and we promise obedience to our officers, and to be subject to the Rules of the Army during said term. As Witness, our hand. Jeremiah Virgin, Jebemiah Chandler, Moses Read, Phineas Ayer, Joseph Blanchard, David Eastman, [Copied from the original.] Millen Kimball. At Ticonderoga, 1777, Col. Thomas Stickney's regiment, Capt. Ebenzer Webster's company. [Capt. Webster was the father of Daniel Webster.] Richard Herbert, Lieut. ; William Symonds, Timothy Bradlev, Simeon Dan forth, Isaac Abbot, Elias Abbot, John Abbot, Ezra Abbot, Phineas Stevens, Ezekiel Dimond, John Peters, Nathaniel Eastman, Ebenezer Farnum, Eph raim Fisk, Jr., Abial Hall, Isaac Chandler, Israel Glines, John Eastman, Stilson Eastman, Benjamin Rolfe. In Capt. Joshua Abbot's company of volunteers tbat marched to reinforce the northern army, in September, 1777, were : Reuben Kimball, Lieut. ; James Mitchell, serg. ; Moses Abbot, serg. ; Amos Abbot, corp. ; Jacob Carter, drummer ; John Farnum, Moses Eastman, Stil son Eastman, Jonathan Eastman, Ezekiel Dimond, Phineas Virgin, Joseph Eastman, Daniel Farnum, Chandler Lovejoy, Enoch Coffin, James Johnson, Reuben Abbot, Ezekiel Stickney, Philip Abbot, Timothy Hall, John Peters, Michael Flanders, Isaac Dimond, John Sillaway, Benjamin Rolfe. In Col. Stickney's regiment, raised for the defence of Rhode Island, 1779 ; Peaslee Eastman, Jacob Flanders, Josiah Flanders, Josiah Chandler. New levies raised in 1780, and in service about six months. Joshua Graham, age, 17; Thomas Carr, age, 23; Daniel Stickney, age, 18; Aaron Eastman, age, 20 ; John Peters, age, 22 ; Jonas Wyman, age, 20 ; Benjamin Thompson, age, 18 ; Jonathan Moulton, age, — ; Peaslee Eastman, age, — . In Capt. Webster's company of rangers, for the defence of the frontiers, 1782: Abner Flanders, serg., engaged July 9; dismissed Nov. 11. Henry Eastman, priv., engaged July 9 ; dismissed Nov. 8. The following persons were also in the service : David Davis, fifer ; Moses Chose, Ebenezer Foss, Samuel Walker, Thomas or Benja. Powell, Salem Colby, negro, Eliphalet Caswell, Nathan Shead, Thomas Pitts, Jos. Hale, Eph raim Hoyt, Nathan Stevens, Timothy Abbot, David Blanchard. Jonathan Chose, Peter Manual, Joshua Abbot, [of Hooksett,] Benjamin Chase, Enoch Badger, Moses Reed.* bounties paid to soldiers from concord. Men. Amount. Lexington, Capt. Abiel Chandler's company, 1775, . . 36 £32 3 6 Wingate and Wyman's regiments, in 1776, .... 18 108 0 0 Continental, 1777, 29 442 14 6 Stark's Brigade, 1777, 28 252 14 6 Rangers, Coos, 1782, 2 33 14 6 Saratoga, 1777 27 243 14 6 New Levies, 1780, 9 159 11 0 Nichols' regiment, 1780, 12 264 10 0 Frontiers, Cobs, 1780 2 45 12 0 Reynold's regiment, 1781, 1 73 10 0 New Levies, 1781 * 82 10 0 Continental, 1781 5 191 18 0 Continental, 1782 5 296 11 3 2244 1 9 * A part only of the above were citizens. Others were " hired " for Concord. 48 754 HISTORY OF CONCORD. Deduct for depreciation : Florence McCauley, paid Jan. 6, 1778, £4 17 John Merrill, paid Dec. 7, 1778, . . 14 4 Both engaged in 1776. 19 £2225 NAMES OF SOLDIERS FROM CONCORD, Who were hilled in battle, or died in service, during the Revolutionary war. William Mitchell, killed at Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775. Lieut. Abiel Chandler, died of small-pox at Crown Point, July 12, 1776.* Peter Chandler, died June 25, 1776.* Abiel Stevens, died of wounds, Oct. 20, 1777. Phineas Stevens, died April 21, 1778. Obadiah Kimball, killed in battle, Oct. 7, 1777. Solomon Fisk, died of yellow fever at Horseneck, Ang. 10, 1778. Samuel Worthen, died Nov. 10, 1778. Timothy Hall, died of fever and dysentery. NAMES OF SOLDIERS WHO LIVED AND DIED IN CONCORD, Who served in the Revolutionary War, but belonged to other towns.\ WAKE. | WHEHX FROM. | DEATH. |*QB| USilll, Ebenezer Dow, Asa French, Nath'n Chandler, Joseph Hoit, Jedediah Hoit, Jonathan Uran, Jere'h Stickney, Andrew Willey, John Elliot, Jonathan Elliot, Joseph Runnels, Asa Hardy, Robt. Knowlton, Stephen Webster, Timothy Wales, Barn'd Sargeant, Nathan BaUard, David Hoit, Sam'l Jackman, John Weeks, Lt.R.B. Wilkins, Caleb Whitney ,t Jona. Wheelock, Rev.Israel Evans Andover, Ms. Andover, Ms. Andover, Ms. Boscawen, Boscawen, Boscawen, Haverhill, Ms Nottingham,Newtown, Newtown, Boxford, Ms., Boxford, Ms., Cape Ann, Ms Atkinson, Deerfield, Wilton,Boscawen, Boscawen, Portsmouth ? Henniker ? Stow, Ms., Lancaster, Ms. Nov., 1817, July30,1841, Jan. 27, 1837, Ap. 17,1839, 1840, April, 1840, Feb. 21,1837, Oct. 6, 1847, Dec. 2, 1842, Jan'y, 1813, Dec. 18,1843, Oct., 1818, Julv 2, 1836, Mar. 25,1 845, Dec'r, 1835, Jan. 14, 1835, Jan'y, 1818, Aug.20,1844, Apr. 6, 1837, Aug'st, 1832, Oct'r, 1822, Sept. 5, 1845, March, 1807, 80.81. 80. 78. 8280 8194.87, 1 84 77. 87. 75. ? 90.9679. 77. 73 86 See biographical notice. Lived near Horse-hill bridge. Lived at Little Pond. Lived at Horse-hiU. Lived at Horse-hiU. Lived near Horse-hiU bridge. Not of Col. Stickney's family. Lived at West Village. Lived at Horse-hiU. Lived at Horse-hiU. Lived at Dimond's hill. Father of Atkinson W., Esq. See Ballard family. Lived in District No. 13. Died in Boston. Father of Mrs. L. Downing. 60,| See biographical notice. * The names marked with a star, as dead, were found on an old paper belonging to Capt. Joshua Abbot, together with the following, who were in his company, viz. : Moses Moul ton, d. July 13, 1776; Waldron, d. Sept. 5, 1776; Moses Redman, d. Aug. 19, 1776; Israel Shepard, d. Aug. 19, 1776 ; James Moor, d. Aug. 14, 1776 ; Jonathan Kier, d. Aug. 17, 1776 ; Samuel Bard, d. July 87, 1776. f There may have been others whose names are not ascertained. X He was a gun-smith in the army ; married Sarah Traak, of Bradford, Mass., where be settled for a while, and hnifivt children. Afterwards he moved to Haverhill, where he bad four children. He then moved to Pembroke, where be lived ten years ; thence he moved to Concord, where he followed tbe trade of a blacksmith. He was the father of John, and of Miss Betsey and Hannah Whitney. DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 755 DOCUMENTS FOR CHAPTER IX., ON FILE. No. 3, p. 287. Pews, as numbered and recorded. No. 4, p. 288. Settlement between Rumford and Canterbury. DOCUMENT FOR CHAPTER X. No. 1, p. 304. Rev. Mr. Evans' answer to his call. This may also be found in town records, 1789. DOCUMENT No. 1, CHAPTER XII., PAGE 347. NAMES OB MEN FROM CONCORD, WHO SERVED IN THE WAR OF 1812-1815, MOSTLT STATIONED AT PORTSMOUTH. In Capt. Leonard's company of artillery, 1812, who served from August 17 to November 30, were : Keyes B. Powell, serg. ; Samuel Powell, corp. ; Sol omon Mann, Ebenezer Flanders, musicians ; Jonathan Stevens, corp. ; James Foster, Abiel Bradley, Jona. E. Elliot, Jonathan Elliot, Jr., Benj. C. Waldron, Ebenezer Frye, Francis R. Powell. In Capt. Wm. Marshall's company, 1814, who were stationed at Portsmouth, and served from Aug. 6 to Nov. 11 : Nathan Carter, Frederick Elliot, Ebenezer Flanders, serg. ; Jedediah Frye, Samuel Kimball, Josiah Robertson, Thomas B. Sargent, John Stevens, Benj. C. Waldron, John Whitney, WilUam Shute, Lieut., from July 30 to Nov. 10. In Capt. Nath'l G. Bradlet's company, 1814, who served from Sept. 15 to Nov. 12 : Nath'l G. Bradley, Capt. ; Amos Abbot, Benjamin Bradley, Enoch E. Bradley, Hazen B. Elliot, Robert Haynes, Joseph Hutchinson, Elijah Mun- sey, Keyes B. Powell, serg. ; Loammi Reed, WiUey Tasker. In Capt. Edward Fuller's company, 1814, who served from Sept. 29 to Nov. 18 : Ephraim Abbot, John Blanchard, Joseph F. Dow, Barnard C. Elliot, Joseph Glines, William Hoit, Jr., Jeremiah N. Howe, David Knowles, Hazen Kimball, Reuben Osgood, corp. ; Ephraim Pettingill, Peter Powell, Isaac Run nels, Joseph Tasker, Jerry Abbot, John Farnham. In Capt. Peter Robertson's company, artillery, volunteers, 1814, from Sept. 10 to Sept. 29, or twenty days. This company marched from Concord on the Sabbath. Peter Robertson, Capt. ; Samuel Herbert, 1st Lieut. ; Chand ler Eastman, 2d Lieut. ; Walter R. Hill, serg. ; Jacob Hosman, serg. ; John Robertson, serg. ; William Bell, serg. ; Jeremiah Birch, corp. ; Nathaniel Par ker,* corp. ; Jerem'h C. Elliot, corp. ; Wm. Moody, corp. ; Jereh. Glines, mus'n ; Samuel Hosmer, musician ; Harmon Eastman, musician ; Moses Bumford, private ; Moses Eastman, Jonathan Elliot, Josiah Fernald, Cooper Frost, Thomas Greenleaf, Samuel Blanchard, Jacob Carter, Moses Dickerman, John Gould, Josiah Knowles, Robert Rogers, John Stanyan, John Wheeler, Charles Wait, Charles Whipple, Charles Herbert. DOCUMENTS FOR CHAPTER XIII. No. 1, p. 369. Index to the " return of roads." This index shows where, in the town records, the laying out of a particular road is recorded. The documents referred to, page 547, containing a catalogue of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles and fishes, scientifically arranged by Dr. William Prescott, of Concord ; and page 550, a catalogue of forest trees and shrubs, by the same gentleman, I am compelled to place on file, except that containing a catalogue of fishes. They are a valuable contribution to the department of Natural His tory, and with regret they are omitted. •In June, 1812, Nath'l Parker sailed from Salem, in the privateer sloop Polly, and was taken prisoner and carried into Halifax. He was released by exchange. 756 HISTORY OF CONCORD. The following is Dr. Prescott's catalogue and statement respecting fishes : Rev. N. Bouton, — Dear Sir : The following catalogue comprises all the fishes that inhabit tbe waters in this vicinity, so far as they have come to mv knowledge. Two of these, the Lake, or Winnipissaukee Trout, and the White Fish, are confined to the Winnipissankee ; all the others traverse our streams and smaller ponds. There exist in these waters four new species of fishes, which I described and read before the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and which was published in Silliman's Journal for May, 1851. These new species I described under the names of Salmo Symmetrica, the Winnipissaukee Trout, the Coregonus Nov-Anglim, the Shad Waiter, the Coregonus Neo-Hautoniensis, the White Fish, and the Lota Brosmiana, a fish that has been generally, but erroneously, called the Cusk. The Cusk is a marine fish ; is much shorter in proportion to the weight, and has but one fin on its back, while the Lola has two dorsal fins. CATALOGUE OF FISHES. 1 . The Common Perch. 2. The Common Pond Fish — Flat Side. 3. The Horned Pout. 4. The Common Sucker. 5. The Black Sucker. 6. The Horned Sucker. 7. The New- York Shiner, or Grass Fish. 8. The Black-nosed Dace. 9. The Red-fin Dace. 0. The Silvery Dace. 1. The Shining Dace. 12. The Common Pickerel. 13. The Common Brook Trout 14. The Winnipissaukee Trout. 15. The Red-bellied Trout. 16. The Shad-Waiter. 17. The White Fish. 18. The Common Shad. 19. The Lota, erroneously called Cusk. 20. The Salmon. !21. The Silver Eel. { 22. The Common Eel. j 23. The Lamprey. i STATISTICS. Table showing the amount of money voted to be raised by the town to defray all current expenses at specified periods of ten years, with the estimated pop ulation. YEAR. MINISTRY. SCHOOL*. ROADS, AC other Eir'n's. FOrULATIOW. 1733. £105=8136,50 £200 100 proprietors. 1743. £300* 850 inhabitants. 1766.T £100 750 1775. £ 47 = $156,66 £60 £53 1.052 " 1785. £ 90=$300,00 £ 40 £40 1.400 " 1795. £105=8350,00 £105 £20 1.900 " 1805. 8450,00 8500 $ 400,00 2.225 " 1815. $450,00 81.000 $ 2.000,00 2.600 " 1825.J $1,250 8 2.200,00 3.270 " 1835. $1,500 $4,000 $ 2.000,00 4.300 " 1845. 82.200 $4,000 $ 3.988,99 6.700 1853. $5,000 $4,000 $10,000,00 10.000 " Note. It appears by the Auditors' Report, March, 18"i3, before tbe organization of the city government, that the " town owed for borrowed money, " $17,239,16. * Old tenor, for ministry, school and other necessary charges. | First legal meeting for raising money, &x., after the incorporation of Concord, 17G5. " £100 lawful money" was " for Eev. Mr/Walker's salary, with other necessary charges of the parish "=$333,33. x At this time money for support of the ministry was raised by incorporated societies. DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 757 A PART OF A RATE FOR PAYING REV. MR. WALKER'S SALARY, FROM MAY 26, 1755 TO MAY 26, 1756. £ s. d. i James and Amos Abbot, 13 10 0 ¦ Joseph Farnum, Ensign Edward Abbot, 13 6 8 ! Abner Fowler, James Abbot, jun., 5 3 4 j Hezekiah Foster, Lt. Nathaniel Abbot, 6 0 0 I Richard Herbert. Nathaniel Abbot, jun., 4 18 4 j Henry Lovejoy, Reuben Abbot, 5 1 8 1 Obadiah Maxfield, Jabez Abbot, 3 1 8 1 James Osgood, Widow Elizabeth Bradley, 7 16 8 I Samuel Osgood, Widow Mary Bradley, ' 2 1 8 j Jacob Potter, Capt. John Chandler, 12 15 0 1 Nathaniel Rolfe, John Chandler, jun., 5 13 4 j Nathaniel Rix, Timothy Chandler, 3 0 0 1 Ezekiel Steel, Ephraim Carter, 7 10 0 : Aaron Stevens, Ezra Carter, Esq., 6 15 0 j Lieut. Stickney, Joseph Carter, 4 0 0 ! Thomas Stickney, Ezekiel Carter, 4 0 0 ; Lt.. John Webster and Peter and William Coffin, II 13 4 i Enoch Webster Ezekiel Dimond, 6 1 8 ' Isaac Walker, Samuel and Robert Davis, 10 13 4 William Walker, Benjamin Eastman, 4 16 8 Lieut. Edward West, Dea. Ephraim Farnum, 15 10 0 ; Nathaniel West, Zebadiah Farnum, 8 18 4 , Benjamin WoodweU, The foregoing is interesting as showing the amount of rates assessed on the property of individuals named, for the salary of Rev. Mr. Walker, in the year ending May, 1 756. It is also important as exhibiting the value of the " old tenor" currency compared with the " new tenor" or lawful money. The rate is made in the "old tenor" currency. The " old tenor" was the currency which consisted in " bills of credit" issued by the Legislature of the Provinces, having the nom inal value of silver money at a given rate per ounce. These " bills of credit" were liable to depreciation ; but Mr. Walker's salary was " to be paid in the medium of trade for the time being in the Province, at silver, 1 7s. per ounce." The real value, however, of an ounce of silver wa< one English crown, or 6s. and 8d. The late John Fanner, Esq., therefore, reckoned £100 as equivalent ia 1730 to $130,37. The "old tenor" currency had been iu use for many years ; but the " bills of credit" had so depreciated that it became important to estab lish a new currency, or to reckon silver at a different rate per ounce. This change was made in Connecticut, in 1740,* and about the same time in Massa chusetts and New- Hampshire. The new tenor was called " lawful money," be cause it was by law made a " lawful" tender for paying debts. In 1750 " a cor rect table" was published in Boston, " to bring old tenor into lawful money at the rate of dollars, at six shillings per piece, from one penny to twenty shillings, old tenor."t According to this table, 2s. 6rf. old tenor, was equal to 0s. Ad. Oq. new tenor. £ s. d. 8 18 4 5 3 4 8 8 4 3 3 4 10 16 8 3 0 0 14 3 4 3 0 0 3 0 0 0 16 8 3 8 4 3 0 0 9 13 4 13 1 8 7 1 8 11 13 4 7 15 0 6 13 4 3 10 0 4 5 0 3 0 0 3 0 7 6 9 0 12 0 15 0 20 0 0 4 3,5 1 0 0 1 2 1 1 7 0 2 0 0 2 8 0 Whoever, then, is curious to make the cast, will find that the rate for Rev. Mr. Walker's salary reckoned as it was in " old tenor," which was long kept up, even after the currency was changed, was not very heavy on the inhabitants of Rumford. For example, James and Amos Abbot's rate was £13 10s. " old tenor," which, reduced to " new tenor," was 36s., or $6,00. Lieut. Nathaniel Abbot's rate was £6 old tenor, equal to 16s., or 82,67. Dea. Ephraim Farnum's rate was £15 10s., equal to £2 Is. id. new tenor, or 86,87)^, which was the high est rate on the list. * Trumbull's History, vol. II., chap. 3. f ^- H. Hist. Coll., vol. I., p. 273. 758 HISTORY OF CONCORD. TOWN RATES FOR THE YEAR 1778. Dea. Geo. Abbot & Sons, Benjamin Abbot & Sons, Edward Abbot, Nathaniel Chandler Abbot, Moses Abbot, Stephen Abbot, Nathaniel Abbot, Capt. Joshua Abbot, James and Amos Abbot, Nathan Abbot, Lt. Jeremiah Abbot, Jabez Abbot, Jesse Abbot, Reaben Abbot & Son, Daniel Abbot, Philip Abbot, Richard Ayer, John Austin, Robert Ambrose, Henry Beck, Lt. Timo. Bradlee, Abial Blanchard, Timo. Bradley, 2d, Jonathan Bradley, Philbrook Bradley, John Blanchard, Caleb BusweU, Lt. John Bradley, Benj. Blanchard & Son, Samuel Butters, Jere'h Bradley, Ezra Badger, Samuel Bradley, Jonathan Badger, Daniel Chase, John Chase, Joseph Carter, Daniel Carter, William Curier, Joseph Clough, Lot Colby, Daniel Carter, 2d, Joseph Carter, 2d, Nathaniel Curier, Robert Carr, Ens. Ezekiel Carter, Ezra Carter, WiUiam Coffin & Son, Joseph Colby, Ens. Ephraim Colby, Dr. Philip McCarrigain, Hezekiah Colby, Daniel Chandler, Capt. Peter Coffin, Lt. John Chandler, John Colbv, Nath'l Clement & Son, Jacob Carter, Lt. Robert Davis, 17 0 0 10 13 5 4 14 7 2 4 00 1 6 5 o 1 10 8 5 0 8 3 10 12 0 10 5 5 6 3 7 1 7 12 6 5 19 10 9 2 7 5 8 6 1 13 0 2 19 4 3 2 7 11 6 7 5 5 6 8 9 9 3 1 6 2 12 9 1 13 0 1 15 2 3 3 9 2 4 0 7 14 0 1 11 11 8 7 6 3 12 4 2 10 7 3 5 5 1 10 7 8 10 6 3 6 0 1 6 5 8 18 10 5 16 7 4 10 2 13 3 8 2 6 2 1 9 8 2 14 6 1 6 5 6 9 5 4 17 2 11 9 10 3 4 10 4 12 5 4 10 0 1 10 9 1 2 0 0 15 4 7 11 4 3 1 6 5 7 9 1 19 7 8 0 7 Ebenezer Dow, Ezekiel Dimond, Ezekiel Dimond, 2d, Ruben Dimond, Simeon Danforth, Capt. Joseph Eastman, Eben'r Eastman, Joseph Eastman, 2d, Philip Eastman, Nathaniel Eastman, Lt. Moses Eastman, Ens. Stilson Eastman, Robert Eastman, Moses Eastman, 2d, Ens. Jonathan Eastman, Richard Eastman, John Elliot & Sons, Capt. Benj. Emery, Benj. Eliot, Thomas Eaton, Benj. Eastman, Jonathan Emerson, Joseph Eliot, Joseph Farnum, Joseph Farnum, jun., Stephen Farnum, Abner Farnum, Daniel Famum, Ephraim Farnum, Benj. Farnum, Zebadiah Farnnm & Son Josiah Famum & Son, Josiah Famum, jun., Theodore Farnum, Ephraim Farnum, 2d, Ephraim Fisk, Richard Flood, Zebulon Flanders, Asa Foster, Richard Flanders & Son, Richard Flanders, 2d, Abner Flanders, James Farnum, James Farnum, 2d, John Farnum, Benj. Fifield, William Fifield, Benj. Fifield, 2d, Jonathan Fifield, George Graham, Solomon Gage, Samuel Goodwin, Israel Glines, David Gage, David George, Daniel Gale, Nathaniel Green, Peter Green, Esq., Jacob Goodwin, £ *. d. 2 6 2 10 12 5 2 18 3 1 19 7 3 0 5 9 9 4 4 3 11 5 5 11 10 16 0 8 9 0 8 2 0 4 6 2 3 10 5 3 4 2 8 9 3 3 10 5 5 9 7 12 10 5 2 14 2 3 18 6 4 1 5 3 17 5 1 10 9 8 14 10 4 18 7 3 18 1 3 16 2 4 9 10 7 0 0 7 1 1 7 13 7 7 2 2 6 2 1 2 16 1 2 8 5 3 6 0 1 16 3 2 0 8 1 2 0 8 18 6 2 19 4 2 7 7 0 19 9 3 8 2 0 6 7 3 14 9 2 5 1 1 6 5 1 6 5 3 6 0 3 11 10 3 14 9 1 6 5 4 8 0 2 16 . 1 7 1 2 I 17 5 8 18 2 2 8 5 DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 759 Dr. Peter Green, Dr. Eben'r Harnden Goss, Benj. Hanford, Lt. Richard Harbert, David Hall, Samuel Hinkson, Col. Gordon Hutchins, OUver Hoyt, Lt. Joseph Haseltine, Richard Haseltine, James Haseltine, Dea. Joseph Hall & Son, Ebenezer Hall, Obadiah Hall, Daniel HaU, Robert Harris, merchant, Amos Heath, Cornelius Johnson & Son, Jonathan Johnston, John Kimball, Stephen Kimball, Timo. Kimball, Nathan Kindsman, Capt. Aaron Kindsman, Philip Kimball, Capt. Ruben Kimball, Asa Kimball, Phineas KimbaU, Capt. Henry Lovejoy, Chandler Lovejoy, James Mitchel, Henry Martin, Henry Moulton, Wid. Hannah Osgood, Richard Hazen Osgood, Lt. Asa Petty, John Peters, Ephraim Potter, Richard Potter, Lt. William Phillips, Anthony Potter, Nathaniel Rolfe & Son, Nathaniel Rolfe, 2d, David Reed, Levi Ross, Wid. Anna Stephens, James Stephens, Thomas Chellis Shepherd, £ s. d. 5 3 0 1 17 5 4 7 2 11 17 4 6 15 3 2 00 0 1 13 0 2 17 9 6 16 5 8 19 3 5 0 8 23 8 7 10 17 9 4 8 0 2 15 0 11 13 2 2 11 8 4 18 1 1 11 10 8 6 1 4 19 0 4 4 0 3 9 3 8 7 2 0 18 9 18 19 6 5 17 8 4 19 0 3 00 5 6 12 0 6 14 2 5 10 0 1 10 9 1 19 7 6 2 1 6 16 5 1 6 5 2 10 7 2 17 2 1 16 3 I 6 5 6 12 0 11 14 8 0 7 4 1 6 5 1 15 11 3 2 7 1 6 5 Stephen Farrington, 0 Capt. Benj. Gale, 0 Oliver Peabody, 0 Thomas Merrill, Esq., 0 Lieut. Eben'r Hall 0 Jacob Hall, 0 John Famum, 0 Abraham Kimball, 0 Heirs of Jno. Webster, 0 Capt. Timo. Walker, 0 Lieut. Darling, 0 Capt. Nath'l Marsh, 0 12 10 4 7 16 Benj. Sweat, 1 16 John Stevens, merchant, 14 14 Aaron Stevens, Esq., & Son, 6 2 Ezekiel Stickney, 1 9 Col. Thomas Stickney, 14 II Dan Stickney, 3 10 Lt. Jonathan Stickney, 1 1 Timo. Simonds, 4 Timothy Simonds, 2d, 2 William Simonds, I Ebenezer Simonds, 3 Jacob Shute, 2 Ens. John Shute, 6 Andrew Stone, 0 Simon Trumble, 1 Wid. Mary Thompson, 0 Lemuel Tucker, 1 Mrs. Sarah Thompson, 10 Lt. Phineas Virgin, 6 Lt. Ebenezer Virgin, 8 John Virgin, 3 William Virgin, 5 Jere'h Whealler, 3 Isaac and James Walker, 8 Timothy Walker, Esq., 32 Gilman West, 3 Noah West, 1 Wid. Sarah West, 0 Thomas Wilson, 10 Asa Parker, 0 Heirs of Rev. Sam'l PhUips, 1 Samuel Runnels, 1 James McHard, 0 Original right of Benj. Gage, 0 John Hoyt and Crossman, 0 3 9 10 865 12 10 0 3 6 10 11 00 1813 12 10 5 8 1 19 43 1114 15 1 11 lt 1 1 11 1 0 11 0 11 0 1111 9 10 9 8 82 5 0 767 5 7 0 2 2 3 7 03 7 0 38 0 8 0 3 8 00 760 HISTORY OF CONCORD. 1 * ! ef COP « OOpaPS &o Hpa05Hop k P5 pa Hpa GO< CD o -H ooCO oes!zi¦< •4Stpoqjaj»i jss^s. m •— qs — oo^to co ^ of ©f .—".-" t* pa co 03 P5 ¦*!PhpaXHOHtopaospaH iz;M paW H Pw O &Oi— i co l-HPpa K H OO« COpai-5 •< }9t[BSJaAlU J} jSSj^ «o oo to ef ©T .-T •Suoq gniAjaqsij ID A 9) N N «f .>"«" to oo" •jsijdtjg 'qo VZ am^'VU en co •aTnA.qstj 'jspd«a co^ «ft » ift^ o^ r^ ta^ eo^ ¦*£ to co of -^ -^* ©" -" •-¦ i-* ^^ »^ •[tiu,39j3uoo js»3 ©eooocow«*»ft*-iAOi<-"iinto~eoaoo>~*toei'4'*©icoto ©^ «_ eo^ o c^ .-^ r^ r» co to^ ^ ©i^ ©^ co r* u^ o\ ¦** co" of of ef cf V r»" oo" of %o t^ irf to *-T t-f i>T to" 'P3u(Sai3uo3 JS3A\ ^ "^, ^ ^ "1 •i. *!. ^ °l. ^l "*« ^1, ^ ^ ^ "*.. ^ ^ of of ef co" «f co" «f eo" ef to oo" oo" to" co" so o" — ef •jstpoqiapi (CWOnrtTfHtDQO.-CliNOllNffPKONco^ ei^ e^ ej^ eft oo^ t* ^ ^ w r^ to^ oo -^ o^ » ra oo^ co^ «foof^«(^^r^to"co"«»*ftoV^'r^'eo"»rf»o" •jspd«a •neieQeteiocoo>4ftQor *c co" «o* ^T eo" ocf ^ so" V oo" of oo" t»T of «MMCOCOWn(M-W[N««lNtN(NM(NiNW •UBtrBllU£l ©NBl>^NC»ONOCIO)^OO.OOOO.N uo" co" r*" *•* ^ o" c" of o" cf to" to" oo" ^ co" eo" oo" -^ co* tftto*ftiftmr<-^w*(ooi*o.no ei © co 1 ©1 ** r*p-«Wi-<«w- os co eo m ei ooco •— 1 co trs — co lr» •moo *pnjj Aq Bi(9i^ ei e* ao co ©* m — e)ift©r-.ei to ©i ©» e* ©I ¦* to '"¦ | £ •0103 *jdns A*q siisja 00»ft»00*OeO-*00©r-nMi>u)iaflo|N)naooo33ao^c.ciitO^r-^© t0COMC.^>(OONC)OOCii£O ^i0"3 M_cO m O^C» r£ -T .-T f-T ^T -^T co" ©f m" eo" ef m ¦— " m" ef ef ef ef ef m" eo" m" ef ao ©_ »--" UO •punj AJBJ9)}'I taojj 91D03UX ©^ e* ©^ ©1^ ©i_ ej e^ a\ ei^ ei_ ei^ ©^ ei_ et^ e^ ©j^ w e*^ ©1^ ©*_ ei^ ei^ ©^ oo" 06' co" 00" co ao" 00" co" 00" oo" 00" 00" co" 00* co" oo" so" ao" 00" ao" x" 00" ©" ei0"CO •D^ ' pjsoq joj psjnquiuoo 4,66 38,84 18,50 7,02 13,50 inefCO •Tn A*\ peniBJ jntioaiy ^W^»C000-M^l«J<0ftCH"fC.0.M.C7.p.mOl>•^ co^ m © eo^ ir\ eo^ to i~^ co co^ 1-^ co^ t-_ ©^ ^ ei^ — ^ ^ ** -^ 0 rt^ ef ©" — " to" ^" ©" ¦<*" 00" ao" of to" to" *n ef ef 0" cf ef co" cf ¦— " cf ©" N«oo-«t«oi«(Dr.i>Off«^oi^c5«FHixiooo'iie4« m 00 0 eo 1— — e» e* 0 © 0"©©UO U01UIM £9J9q3B91 9(BU,9 j ei m m ^» © ei m m i-h — CN M91UIA1 'SJ9l[3B31 9(BflJ P,M M MM mmmm- m MM M _ •j( in tans 'sjaqaee) 9(Bai3j C7i 'jauiums (8J9q3«ai ejejy ~ •qa«M OMi uvqi tso| IOQ 3uipU91JB 91 J9A0 'ON coMA^ooNa)a)n ei eieio*MM^M©ii^-coeiT)«-*MM ei-*© CM CO m m -0 eieiCO uatatn ns — bSvmay o«aoco©MMCOin©i© eoeootocico©cOTi*ej-Tf !0-iowhhw«coo- coei w « a fh ui e* -* m CO0 ei 'J9IUIM Ul 9^99A1 3 'UB ap(M,da pus -X ^ 'siBjoqog eooocooiuO'^ooooMCioo — eiooto-^'M--eoe< eo coeioeiMMMei^ALtOMMMMeooco M co ¦<* M M © •jsujiuns nj S3[99M 5 *ub ept.wdu pue 'X fr 'aiBjoq^g «5C1iOi-ClCT?. c-o.-*i> eococoeiMMMCOirtei'^-^coeiM m r, ^ a r- w CO UO M M CJ 0 to ¦qjuoui jad waqasoi 9 \v ojuj jo sade a^ ©©oo©o©o©ao:o© oooo ©ooo© ©^ ©^ ©^ ©^ »n ©^ ©^ ©_ iq^ to^ eo^ ©^ if\ ©^ ©_ ©_ 0_ <£)_ ©__ ©_ ©^ to" tC ef V 00" to" m" 00" m" iC eo" 00" 00" of to" to" oo" ©" to" 0 0" to ¦qiuota J9d BjaqsBSi y(Bta jo sado^l ©00 to coto co©o»o 00 ©© ei eiM m ^> ^ co^^pe* m eteo m © •uiJ9i iaiui-u jo q)3u9q MOJ«l>'-C.OMiNiN'*OCiOi>XOi-.CM O e* ei 'uuat jauiums jo qi9uaq HM ei^e»oocoosr*oooii-H — eiGaooih-o^eitoor-ei to0 ei •qooM 5 Suipuaij-e (8»9jC fr aAoqn 'sivtoqag ¦*cstoo*o^ — ©irttci-i'©eocoeoiior-.co»-'^coci-*r- *nco©coMMe»Tj-cotoTO»-"tocoeiMMTj«TJ«eiM©i e< iO !5!M ©* CO -*•-t e* ¦ rotJlsia jo JQq«un>i rt«P5*iatoi>(iooOHOin^ooNMCio-«n X 762 HISTORY OF CONCORD. SCHOOLS AND SCHOOL-MASTERS IN DISTRICTS Noi. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 18. [REMINISCENCES OF NATHAN K. AND GEOBGE ABBOT, ESQ.] Previous to 1 800, and before the town was divided into School Districts, there was only one school-house in the West Parish, which stood near the house of Dea. Ira Rowell. Another school-house was built about 1802, near " Dam brook," between Mr. Jerry and Reuben Abbot's. NAMES OF SCHOOL-MASTERS, NATIVES OF CONCOBD, KMPLOTED IN WHAT IS NOW CALLED DISTRICT NO. 3, SINCE 1785. Jacob Farnum, son of the elder Joseph Farnnm, Nathan Ballard, jun., (born in Wilton ) Timothy Carter, Abel Wheeler, Moses H. Bradley, Peter C. Far num, Isaac Farnum, Richard Potter, jun., James Moulton, jun., Ira Rowell, Simeon Abbot, William K. Rowell. NAMES OF NATIVE SCHOOL-MASTEBS IN THE DISTRICTS FOLLOWING, TO WIT. In District No. 4 : Capt. Timothy Carter, Nathaniel H. Carter, Dr. Thomas Carter, Peter C. Farnum, Henry Rolfe, Abiel Rolfe, Robert Davis, Samuel Coffin, Dr. Ezra Carter, George Stickney, Ira Rowell, Nathan K. Abbot, George Abbot, Simeon Abbot, Abial Rolfe, Albert Abbot, Charles E. Baker, Cyrus Runnells. In District No. 5 : Timothy Carter, Peter C. Farnum, Nathaniel H. Carter, Henry Rolfe, Richard Bradley, George Kent, Thomas D. Potter, Jacob A. Pot ter, Ira Rowell, James Moulton, jun., Ezra Ballard, Henry Fisk, Charles Rob inson, Charles S. Eastman, Nathan K. Abbot, Albert Abbot. In District No. 6 : Peter C. Farnum, Abel Baker, Ira Rowell, Jacob A. Pot ter, Thomas D. Potter, Ezra Ballard, Jacob Eastman, Henry E. Rogers, Nathan K. Abbot, Edward B. West, George A. Blanchard, David L. Morril, jun., S. LaF. Simpson, Cyrus Runnells, Theodore French, jun. In District No. 7 : Jacob Dimond, Timothy Johnson, John Bradley, Nathan iel H. Carter, Thomas Carter, Samuel Whittemore, Richard Potter, Albert G. Wilkins, Ezra Ballard, Henry Fisk, Nathan K. Abbot, Calvin Thorn, George Barton, George N. Marden. In District No. 8 : Nathaniel H. Carter, Thomas Carter, Ezra Carter, Jona than Eastman, Seth Eastman, Samuel Coffin, Joseph Haseltine, John C. Hall, Ezra Ballard, Jacob A. Potter, William B. Wilkins, Charles Ballard, Nathan E. Abbot, Nathan Ballard, jun., James Moulton, jnn. In District No. 18 : Joseph Haseltine, Nathan E. Abbot, Henry E. Rogers, Israel E. Carter. The following, not natives, but residents of Concord, have taught in the afore named Districts, viz. : John Jarvis, Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6 ; Joseph C. West, Nos. 7 and 8 ; John C. Brown, No. 7 ; Josiah Stevens, jnn., Nos. 8 and 18 ; Arthur Fletcher, Nos. 3, 7 and 8 ; William H. Smart, No. 8. The following are entitled to the honorable distinction of " veteran school masters" in Concord : Dea. Ira Rowell commenced teaching m the winter of 1816, and continued to teach every year, with one exception, till 1832 — keeping, in that time, twenty- one schools. Mr. John Jarvis commenced teaching in the winter of 1819, and taught every winter, except two, up to 1854 — keeping, during that time, forty schools. Mr. Jarvis excelled in penmanship, in which his pupils made good proficiency. Dea. James Moulton commenced in December, 1820, and with the excep tion of three years, continued until 1848 — keeping, in that time, twenty-five years. Mr. Nathan K. Abbot commenced teaching in the fall of 1823, and closed his last school in February, 1848 — a period of twenty-five years. DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 763 NAMES OF POSTMASTERS IN CONCORD, WITH THE TIME OF SEBVICE AND PLACE WHERE THE OFFICE WAS KEPT. 1. Geobge Hough, 1792 ; understood to have been kept in what was called the " Kinsman House," about where the Eagle Hotel now stands. 2. Chales Walkbb, 1801 ; kept it only a short time. 3. David George, from until 1815 ; in his hatter's shop, still standing, next north of Mr. Charles Smart's house, north end. 4. Joseph Low, 1815 to 1829 ; at first in a store that forms part of the house of Mrs. John West, opposite the Merrimack County Bank ; aflerwards in a building where " Low's Block" now is. When Gen. Low first had the office the income of it was $150 a year. 5. William Low, from 1829 to 1839; in the building before occnpied by " Low and Damon," for chair making, &c, a room being fitted up for the pur pose — where the office is now kept. 6. Robebt Davis, 1839 to 1845 ; in the small building still standing north of the " Union Hotel," opposite Free Bridge road. 7. Joseph Robinson, 1845 to 1849 ; in the same building as preceding. _ 8. Ephbaim Hutchins, 1849 to 1853 ; in' the building where kept by Wil liam Low. 9. Jacob Cabteb, 1853 ; in the same as preceding. LIST OF MILITARY AND FIELD OFFICERS BELONGING TO CONCORD, WITH THEIB TITLES AND OBDEB OF APPOINTMENT, AS PUBLISHED IN THE N. H. ANNUAL BF.GISTEB. OFFICEES OF THE ELEVENTH REGIMENT. Aaron Kinsman, Col., . . . 1789 William Duncan, 2d Regt. Light Bone, Maj., 1789 WiUiam Duncan, 1st battalion, 1 1th Regt. Maj., .... 1796, 1797, 1798 William A. Kent, aid to Gov. Gilman, Col 1809 Timothy Chandler, 11th Regt., 1st Maj., 1800, 1803 Robert Harris, aid to Gov. Langdon, Col 1808 Isaac Eastman, 11th Regt., Lieut. Col., 1817, 1818, 1819 Joseph Low, aid to Gov. Bell, Col., . 1819 Isaac Eastman, 11th Regt., Col., . 1820 Richard Bartlett, aid to Gov. Samuel Bell, Col., 1831 Joseph Low, Adj. and Ins. Brig. Gen., and Quar. Mast. Gen., . . . 1821 Isaac Eastman, 3d Brig., Brig. Gen., 1831 John D. Abbot, Aid de Camp, Maj., . 1831 Robert Ambrose, Brig. Ins. Maj., . 1831 Moses Long, 11th Regt., Lieut. Col., . 1831 William Kent, 11th Regt., Maj., . 18M Richard Potter, Jr., ttuar. Mast , . 1833 Isaac Eastman, 1st Div., Maj. Gen., . 1823 John D. Abbot, Aid, Maj., . . . 1833 William Kent, 11th Regt., Lieut. Col., 18-23 Simeon Stevens, do., Maj., . . 1833 Richard Potter, Jr., do.. Adj., . . 1833 Robert Ambrose, Div. Ins., Col., . 1823 Jacob A. Pot'er.auar. Mast., llth Regt., 1834 Amos A. Parker, aid to Gov. Morril, CoL, 1824 William Kent, llth Regt., Col., . . 1825 Simeon Stevens, llth Regt,, Lieut. Col, 1835 Richard Potter, llth Regt., Adj., . 1825 John Jarvis, Cluar. Mast., . . . 1835 Robert Davis, Aid to Gov. Morril, Col., Simeon Stevens, llth Regt., Col., . Dudley S. Palmer, llth Regt., Adj., . Ephraim Hutchins, 3d Brig., aid to Gen. James Blake, Maj., Stephen Brown, Brig. Ins., . David Davis, Jr., aid to Gov. Benjamin Pierce, Col., Nath'l G. Upham, aid to same. Col., . CyniB Barton, aid to same. Col., John Putney, llth Regt., Maj., . Ephraim Hutchins, aid to Maj. Gen. Blake, Col., Stephen Brown, Div. Ins., Col., . Simeon Stevens, Brig. Gen., Horatio Hill, aid to Brig. Gen. Simeon Stevens, D. S. Palmer, Brig. Ins John Putney, llth Regt., Lieut. Col., D. S. Palmer, llth Regt., Maj., Samuel Clifford, Aid, 3d Brig., . Benj. Grover, Brig, ttuar. Mast, Simeon Stevens, Maj. Gen., Joseph E. Estabrook, Aid, Maj., (?) . Heber Chase, Aid, Maj., (?) . Benj. Grover, Div. Ins., Col., . Horatio Hill, Div. Quar. Mast., Col., . Benj. Bordman, Brig. Ins., 3d Brig., Robert E. Pecker, llth Regt., Maj., . W. W. Estabrook, llth Regt., Adj., . Robert Davis, auar. Mast., Brig. Gen., Charles H. Peaslee, aid to Gen. Stevens, Col„ . . ... Jona. E. Lang, aid to Gen. Stevens, Col. Perkins Gale, Brig. Ins., . Charles H. Peaslee, Adj.'s auar. Mast., Brig. Gen., 1826 1826 1826 18281828 1829 ld29 18291830 1831 1831 1831 1831 1831 1831 18311832 1833 1833 1833 183318331833 1833 18331834 183418341834 1839 764 HISTORY OF CONCORD. J. S. Durgin, llth Regt., Maj., . . 1839 Asa Fowler, Judge Adv., 3d Brig., 1st Div., 1840 Benjamin Gale, Jr., llth -Regt , Maj., 1841 John M. Hill, llth Regt., Adj., 1841 Nath'l B. Baker, llth Regt,Quar Mast., 1841 Nath'l B. Baker, llth Regit., Adj., . 1842 John Priest, llth Regt , auar. Mast., 1843 Nath'l B. Baker, aid to Gov. John H. Steele, Col., , . . . . 1844 John H. George, Judge Adv., 3d Brig , 1st Div., 1841 John Stickney, llth Regt., Adj., . 1844 R. N. Corning, llth Regt, auar. Mast., 1844 Hollis B. Crockett, aid to Gen. Tucker, 1844 Hollis B. Crockett, Brig. Ins., . . 1845 Hollis B. Crockett, Div. Ins., Col., . 1846 Wm. C. Prescott, Brig. Ins., . . . 184S Amos Hadley, Brig. auar. Mast., . 1846 John Stickney. llth Regt., Lieut. Col., 1846 I Seth E. Brown, Adj., .... 184C I Perkins Gale, aid to Gov. Jared W. Wil- ! liams, Col., 1847 ; Henry M. Moore, llth Regt., auar. Mast. , 1847 : G. W. Ordway, Brig. Ins., . . 1848 John H. George, aid to Gov. Samuel Dinsmoor, Col., .... 1849 Giles W. Ordway, Div. Ins., . . 1849 Amos Hadley, Div. auar. Mast., . 1849 Joseph B. Walker, Judg. Adv., . . 1849 Jesse A. Gove, Drill Mast., 4th Brig., 1849 Albert Abbot, llth Regt., Maj., 1851 Joseph H. Mace, aid to Gov. Martin. Col., 1852 Geo. Clough, aid to Maj. Gen. Parker, Col., 1852 John Stickney, llth Regt, Col., . 1852 Albert Abbot, llth Regt., Lieut. Col., 1852 Loran Webster, llth Regt., Maj., . 1853 Joseph A. Pearson, llth Rest., Adj., 1853 Joseph C. Perkins, auar. Mast,, . 1852 LIST OF CAPTAINS IN MILITARY COMPANIES IN CONCORD SINCE 1814. [FURNISHED FBOM BECOBDS, BT COL. DUDLEY 8. PALMER.] Until about 1814 there is no record of military appointments in the office of the adjutant general of any reliance. It appears Pearl Kimball was appointed a captain of cavalry in 1804, and Joseph Walker in 1809, but the regular re cord commences and ends as follows : CAPTAINS. DATE! OF COMMISSION. Joshua Abbot, Jr., Joshaa Abbot, Leonard Pratt, Samuel Coffin, David Flanders, WiUiam M. Carter, Stephen Ambrose, Peter Robinson, Samuel Herbert, Chandler Eastman, Joseph Cochran, ' Joseph Manahan, Asa McFarland, Robert E. Pecker, David D. Fisk, Zcbina Lincoln, Nathaniel Martin, (?) George Stickney, Benjamin Parker, G. Washington Dow, Stephen Brown, Enos Blake, George D. Abbot, Joseph E. Estabrook, Jonathan E. Lang, June 21, 1814. July 3, 1817. April 20, 1820. April 25, 1820. May 2, 1822. Sept. 28, 1827. CAPTAIHI. SATES 6F COMMISSIOII. William Pecker, Samuel Blake, Jr., Michael Blake, Jeremiah S. Durgin, William H. Wyman, Horatio N. Harvey, Dec. 8, Sept. 17, Aug. 19, May 80, Dec. 6, Sept. 5, Aug. 28, April 14, Aug. 13, April 14, ARTILLERY. 1803.1812.1816.1820. 1820. 1825.1828.1829. 1833.1835. Elbridge G. Eastman, William P. Fisk, Franklin Evans, Hosea B. Barton, Thomas P. Hill, Moses T. Cass, John C. Stowell, Samuel M. Griffin, Moses S. Judkins, LIGHT INFANTRY. 1806. | Moses Lang, CONCORD LIGHT INFANTRY. Jan. 4, 1821. July 5, 1822. Sept. 1, 1825. Dec. 13, 1826. Aug. 28, 1828. April 21, 1830. Oct. 18, 1830. Aug. 27, 1831. Oren Head, Joel C. Danforth, Aaron A. Palmer, Reuben D. Moores, David Neal, John Stickney, Charles A. Davis, John C. Hagar, April 18, 1831. April 27, 1833. April 30, 1835. May 22, 1837. Aug. 17, 1839. April 3, 1841. Aug. 4, 1835. April 20, 1836. Sept. 5, 1837. April 15, 1839. April 21, 1841. March 10, 1843. May 13, 1844. Sept. 10, 1844. Aug. 30, 1847. 1816. April 7, 1832. March 26, 1834. March 27, 1837. Oct. 25, 1837. April 17, 1841. April 24, 1843. Mav 5, 1847. Sept. 13, 1847. DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 765 CAPTAIN'S. Sherburne W. Elliot, Jeremiah Fowler, Nathaniel Rolfe, Benjamin S. Speed, Rufus D. Scales, John A. Moores, Timothy Dow, Alexander Ferson, RIFLE COMPANY IN CONCORD. DATES OP COMMISSION. CAPTAINS. DATES OF COMMISSION Sept. 4, 1830. April 18, 1833. March 24, 1835. March 11, 1837. April 8, 1837. March 16, 1840. Sept. 6, 1841. F1SHERVILLE GUARDS. Aug. 7, 1847. | John C. Abbot, Sherman D. Colby, Albert G. Dow, Nathan W. Moores, Charles B. Knights, Samuel H. Dow, John Sawyer, Jr., March 15, 1844. April 23, 1845. March 29, 1848. March 16, 1849. Sept. 12, 1850. April 9, 1851. Feb. 7, 1848. ADJUTANTS, WITH THE RANK OF CAPTAIN — ELEVENTH REGIMENT. Robert Davis, July 25,1817. Robert Ambrose, Aug. 4, 1820. Richard Potter, Jr., May 10, 1823. Dudley S. Palmer, April 15, 1826. Rufus Wilkins, July 4, 1 83 1 . William W. Estabrook, Aug. 23, 1833. Richard Potter, July 19, 1834. John Jarvis. John M. Hill, Nath'l B. Baker, John Stickney, Seth E. Brown, Henry M. Moore, Joseph A. Pearsons, Nov. 27, 1840. Aug. 30, 1841. Sept. 2, 1842. Aug. 13, 1844. Sept. 12, 1845. Aug. 24, 1847. April 14, 1852. When Canterbury and Loudon constituted a part of the eleventh regiment, there were ten or twelve companies of infantry, but after the division of the regiment there were but eight companies. Before the division the following were among the captains, but whether Lovejoy and Rowell were of Concord, I know not. INFANTRY COMPANIES IN THE ELEVENTH REGIMENT. 8th company. Jacob Eastman, captain in 1805 6th " John Carter, captain in 1806 1st " Ballard Haseltine, captain in 1806 5th " Timothy Carter, captain in 1803 10th " Ebenezer Lovejoy, captain in 1809 (?) 10th " Isaac Eastman, June 10, . . • 1814 9th ¦' Moses Rowell, captain in 1805 9th " William Walker, captain in 1803 12th " Moses Shute, June 27, 1816 FIRST COMPANY OF INFANTRY. Nathan Stickney, William Kent, Joseph Head, Philip Watson, Ebenezer S. Towle, James Thompson, Seth Eastman, John C. Ordway, Moses G. Atwood, Daniel M. Moore, Timothy Dow, Robert B. Abbot, Jacob Dimond, Abial C. Carter, Samuel Baker, Bradbury Gill, John Sawyer, Enoch H. Dow, Nov Dec. June March April March March April 2, 1811. 27, 1816. 20, 1821. 10, 1824. 25, 1825. 30, 1827. 20, 1829. 18, 1833. — 1834. Albert G. Chadwick, Charles S. French, Asa Morrill, Samuel S. Dow, Abiel R. Crosby, P. G. S. Ten Broeck, Francis S. West, Edward E. Sturtevant, Benjamin F. Watson, April 13, 1837. April 18, 1838. April 24, 1840. Sept. 1, 1843. May 14, 1844. April 22, 1845. Aug. 9, 1847. April 20, 1849. May 13, 1850. THIRD INFANTRY COMPANY. June 3, 1811. July 3, 1817. April 20, 1820. June 17, 1824. Julv 11, 1825. Nov. 28, 1825. Aug. 11, 1830. April 20, 1832. April 20, 1832. Samuel Farnum, Henry Farnum, Daniel Farnum, Elbridge Dimond, Timothy C. Rolfe, John Ballard, Albert Abbot, Jeremiah S. Abbot, Francis Farnum, Feb. 19, 1835. April 19, 1836. April 9, 1839. April 20, 1840. April 22, 1844. Nov. 18, 1844. April 6, 1848. April 16, 1851. May 3, 1853. 766 HISTORY OF CONCORD. CAPTAINS. FIFTH COMPANY OF INFANTRY. DATES OF COMMISSION. I CAPTAINS. Samuel Knowlton, Timothy Dow, Simeon Stevens, Isaac Virgin, Josiah H. Locke, John Putney, July 30, 1815. June 20, 1817. July 3, 1817. June 28, 1823. March 10, 1824. June 23, 1825 Nathaniel Eastman, Jr., Aug. 20, 1830. Benjamin Gale, Jr., March 24, 1831. George Keyes, Sept. 6, 1836. Benjamin Gale, Jr., ¦ Charles Graham, | Charles H. Clough, George W. Moody, James Blake, E. W. Upham, Frederick E. Lufkin, Leonadas Clough, James 0. Merrill, 8IXTH COMPANY OF INFANTRY. James Green, Moses Shute, James Hall, Aaron Carter, Ezra Ballard, Sept. 21, 1815. July 3, 1817. May 30, 1820. April 7, 1821. April 24, 1826. Benjamin Wheeler, Jr., Aug. 31, 1832. Giles W. Ordway, John Stickney, Jr., Amos B. Currier, Abel B. Holt, Loren Webster, John B. Fisk, DATES OF COMMISSION. July 15, 1837. Aug. 24, 1841. April 5, 1842. April 20, 1844. March 26, 1846. March 30, 1848. April 21, 1849. Aug. 25, 1849. AprU 17, 1850. April 16, 1834. March 15, 1839. May 6, 1843. May 10, 1845. April 20, 1848. Aug. 18, 1852. TABLE OF MORTALITY IN CONCORD, FROM 1825 TO 1853. FROM BECOKDS KEPT BT BEV. H. BOUTOK. u a o © c © £"5 OS o T3 PP c ?— 1 ca .— i c0303frC3 •a ccs © e 03O S « P5 •a ca! ©CN C 030303 a ¦o c01 © e0303 03 n •a cas © r- c 0303 & 03 02 © A.03> o 03 a w 03 5 1 go H a.o P. •o 03 |c .B O a.oB. s 03 S.2> — < o H oH" 03 < 1825 15 38 6 19 1 12 6 0 90 96 3.330 34.3 1.977 20 1826 9 17 5 8 13 7 1 94 60 3.400 56.4 1.769 29 1827 4 7 1 12 7 6 1 93 38 3.500 92.0 1.381 36 1828 11 4 4 8 9 7 0 87 43 3.550 82.0 1.886 32 1829 9 12 0 11 9 9 3 96 53 3.600 68.0 1.754 33 1830 6 4 3 13 9 4 0 89 39 3.702* 95.0 1.279 32 1831 7 12 1 8 8 6 0 90 42 3.800 90.0 1.159 27 1832 3 16 3 13 4 8 0 90 47 3.920 83.0 1.365 29 1833 5 9 3 6 10 12 0 89 45 4.050 90.0 1.665 37 1834 20 7 5 13 16 10 3 1003 71 4.170 56.0 2.130 30 1835 17 10 7 14 7 6 0 90 61 4.300 71.5 1.323 21 1836 11 13 5 18 16 13 2 96 76 4.450 58.5 2.432 32 1837 16 17 7 8 12 12 1 97 72 4.570 63.4 1.977 27 1838 12 17 8 18 16 9 0 90 80 4.690 58.6 2.196 27 1839 13 18 2 9 7 15 3 100 65 4.800 72.8 1.937 80 1840 11 11 3 16 19 13 0 87 73 4.903* 67.0 2.484 34 1841 12 18 3 13 14 12 1 98 72 5.050 70.0 2.160 30 1842 2 10 5 12 13 9 0 88 51 5.200 101.0 1.805 35 1843 15 22 6 13 21 13 0 89 90 5.400 60.0 2.403 27 1844 24 26 9 20 19 15 2 96 113 5.700 50.5 2.904 25 1845 20 15 3 29 15 14 2 94 98 6.000 61.0 2.940 30 1846 26 23 10 27 25 6 1 93 120 6.300 52.5 2.820 23 1847 20 22 10 20 30 6 3 100} 123 7.000 57.0 4.268 34 1848 27 19 11 24 17 14 1 100 113 7.500 66.3 2.938 26 1849 28 28 16 41 22 23 0 88 158 8.700 55.0 4.424 28 1850 21 17 6 22 23 20 1 90 . 98 8.584* 87.6 30 1851 18 24 7 26 18 15 1 94 109 9.000 82.5 29 1852 23 37 7 25 29 24 4 95 149 9.400 63.0 32 1853 21 26 11 20 25 11 2 91 116 9.600 8.44 27.8 29 426 499 167 486 445 327 32 2371 74.9 129.4 * U. S. Census. DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 767 TABLES SHOWING THE NCMBER OF DEATHS IN CONCORD BY CONSUMPTION, FBOM 1830 TO 1839, INCLUSIVE, COMPARED WITH THE WHOLE NUMBER OP DEATHS IN THE SAME PERIOD, THEIB AGES AND MONTHS OF DECEASE. BT RET. N. BOUTON. Year. |Wh'le No. Consp. Mai's. Fern. OF THE AGES OF THOSE WH SUMPTION. 1830 1831 1832 39 4247 55 8 34 2 21 6 Males- 1 Fern. Under 10 were 4, viz. 3 1 1833 45 6 2 4 Between 10 and 20 " 12, 5 7 1834 71 11 7 4 " 20 and 30 •• 37, 15 22 1835 61 10 3 7 " 30 and 40 " 18, 8 10 1836 76 11 4 7 " 40 and 50 ¦• H, 6 8 1837 72 13 5 8 *' 50 and 60 " 8, 2 6 1838 80 20 9 11 " 60 and 70 " 1 0 1 1839 65 10 8 2 Over 70 " 5. 5 0 Total, 598 99 47 52 Of those who thus died in ten years of consumption, there were iu the month of January, 8, viz. : 4 males, 4 females. February, 11, " 5 " 6 " March, 11, " 3 " 8 '• April, 6, " 4 " 2 " May, 7, " 4 " 3 " June, 11, " 8 " 3 " July, 8, viz. August, 14, " Septem'r, 5, •¦ October, 8, " November, 3, " December, 6, " 4 males, 4 females. Note. From the above tables it appears that about one sixth of the whole who died in ten years in Concord, died of consumption ; the greatest number between the ages of twenty and thirty. The greatest number in any month is in August ; and a less number in the fall than in the spring and summer months. These tables and estimates are results of the author's personal observation and inquiry, not made with medical knowledge or skill. NAMES OF PERSONS WHO HAVE DECEASED IN CONCORD SINCE 1800, AT THE AGE OF 80 YEARS AND UPWARDS. COPIED FROM THE RECORD OF DEATHS. TEAR. 1800.1800. 81. 1801. 97. 1801. 83. 1802. 82. 1802. Philip Kimball, 88. Anthony Manuel, (very aged,) ? Abigail, wife of Capt. Jos. Eastman, Deborah, widow of Dea. Jos. Hall, Mrs. Waldron, widow of Isaac Waldron, Hannah, widow of Daniel Carter, Rebecca, wife of Amos Ab bot, Israel Cheever, Capt. Joseph Eastman, David Harris, Philip Eastman, Widow of Philip Kimball, Hannah, widow of Capt. Henry Lovejoy, Nathaniel Abbot, Mary, wife of Zechariah Hannaford, 92. 1806. 86. 1803 80. 1803 86. 1803 80. 1803 89. 1804 88. 1804 90. 1805 80. 1806 Mrs. Haine, widow of Rob ert Haine, (very aged) Nathaniel Rolfe, Col. Thomas Stickney, Nathaniel Green, Miriam, widow of Nath'l Abbot, Timothy Kimball, Jonathan Willey, Lieut. Moses Eastman, Christopher Rowell, Wife of Isaac Chandler, George Graham, (aged.) Jonathan Elliot, (quite aged, Jonathan Parker, Capt. Reuben Kimball William Coffin, Col. Gordon Hutchins, Robert Ambrose, Phinehas Virgin, Mary, widow of Robert Calfe, 7 1807 96. 1808. 80. 1809. 92. 1810. 82. 1811. 89. 1811. 83. 1811. 80. 1812. 80. 1812. 80. 1812. 1 1813. )? 1813. 80. 1813. 84. 1814. 89. 1815. 82. 1815. 83. 1816. 84. 1817. 99. 1817. 768 HISTORY OF CONCORD. AGE. YEAR. Deborah, widow of Edw, Abbot, Ebenezer Dow, James Scales, Henry Sloulton, Widow Heard, Capt. Benjamin Emery, Molly Farnum, John Elliot, Daniel Prince, James Walker, Dea. David Hall, Amos Abbot, Henry Martin, Hon. Timothy Walker, Reubon Abbot, Samuel Jackson, Robert Harris, John Blanchard, Elizabeth, widow of Gar- ven Hemphill, Capt. Samuel Gaines, Sarah, widow of Corliss George, Richard Herbert, Robert Davis, Widow of James Scales, Sarah, widow of Robert Davis, Abigail, widow of John Hoit, Lydia, wife of Richard Potter, 81. 80.80.85.91.82. 86.97. 85. 81. 82.93. 80.85. 100. 84.86.85. 80. 80. 80. 94. 89. 85. 92. 1817. 1817.1819.1819. 1819. 1819. 1819.1819. 1820. 1821. 1821. 1821. 1821.1822. 18^22. 1822.1822.1823. 1823. 1823.1823. 1823.1823. 1823. AGE. TSAR. 87. 1824. 87. 1824. 1824.1824.1825. 1825. Bridget, wife of John Fowle, 80. Widow Sleeper, 85. A quill a Ferrin, 84. Hannah, Widow of Rich ard Herbert, 90. 1825. Martha, wife of Stephen Farnum, 83. 1825. Dinah, widow of Reuben Abbot, Wife of Joseph Abbot, Lncy, widow of Isaac Abbot, 88 Lieut. Phinehas Kimball, Ephraim Farnum, Sarah, widow of Capt Benj. Emery, Jeremiah Wheeler, Chandler Lovejoy, Mary, widow of Capt. Eb enezer Kent, Francis Brown, Dr. Peter Green, Richard Potter, Oliver Hoit, Susannah, widow of Hon. Timothy Walker, Jane, widow of Jas. Burch, John Shute, son of Jacob S. Sarah, widow of Wm. Coffin, 91. 94. 1826 82. 1826 88. 1826 80. 1826 93. 1827 80. 1827 80. 1827 86. 1827 90. 1827 87. 1828 82. 1828 83. 1828 80. 1828 82. 1828. 83. 1828 98. 1829 91. 1829 Esther, widow of Daniel Herrick, 86. 1829. Azubah, widow of Chand ler Lovejoy. 91. 1829. Joseph Wiggin, 82. 1829. Nathaniel Rolfe, 86. 1829. Elizabeth, widow of Mr. Ward, and mother of Maj. Chandler, 89. 1830. Lieut. Joshua Thompson, 81. 1831. Abigail, widow of Joseph Eastman, 90. 1831. Widow South wick, 83. 1832. Esther, widow of Henry Martin, 89. 1832. Joseph Abbot, son of Dea. George A., 90. 1832. Stephen Farnum, 89. 1832. Widow James Stevens, 85. 1832. Margaret, widow of Timo. Dow, 81. 1833. Samuel Hutchins, 85. 1833. Ruth, widow of Dan'l Gale, 89. 1833. Mary, widow of Daniel Far num, 81. 1833. Enoch Brown, 87. 1833. Joel Carter, 84. 1833. Elizabeth Hazeltine, widow of Jos. Hazel tine.l 00y.6m. 13d. 1 834. Widow EUiot, 97. 1834. Esther, wife of Jonathan Eastman, Esq., 81. 1834. Amos Abbot, 80. 1834. Jonathan Eastman, Esq., 87. 1834. Anna, widow of Jonathan WiUey, 99 y. 11 m. 6 d. 1834. Widow Elliot, 81. 1834. Reuben Abbot, 80. 1834. Lient. Nathan Ballard, 90. 1835. Daniel Hall, 80. 1835. Widow Colby, 90. 1835. Hannah, widow of John Blanchard, 92. 1836. Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Goodwin, 86. 1836. Widow of Daniel Kimball, 96. 1836. Capt Enoch Coffin, 81. 1836. Nathan Chandler, sen., 80. 1837. Jeremiah Stickney, 81. 1837. Ezra Abbot, 81. 1837. Daniel Page, 80. 1837. Mrs. Hannah Wales, 83. 1837. Moses Abbot, 84. 1837. Joseph Farnum, 97. 1837. Molly Malum, 90. 1838. Widow Abigail Farnnm, 86. 1838. John Eastman, sen., 80. 1838. Capt. Nathaniel Eastman, 84. 1839. Widow EUzabeth Currier, 92. 1839. Mrs. Smith, 101 ? 1839. Nathaniel Meserve, 91. 1839. DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 769 Samuel Goodwin, Mrs. Sanders, Barnard Hoit, Mrs. Emerson, Mrs. Lydia Knowles, Philbrick Bradley, John Odlin, Esq., Jedediah Hoyt, Widow Abigail Herrick, Richard Flanders, Jonathan Urann, Widow Sarah Ambrose, Asa French, Mrs. Ruth Eastman, Widow Mary Abbot, Mrs. Mary MerriU, John ElUot, Widow Lydia Morse, Joseph Runnels, Widow Hannah Meserve, Widow Esther Finkham, Samnel Jackson, Widow Hannah Lang, Mrs. Amy Williams, Stephen Webster, Jonathan Wheelock, Lemuel Barker, Mrs. Molly Glover, David Simpson, Benjamin Norris, Abraham Sanborn, Jeremiah Eastman, Mrs. Abigail Clough, Mrs. Sarah Dow, Madam Huldah Evans, Mrs. WiUey, Widow of Asa French, Widow of Jere'h Wheeler, Widow Sarah Merrick, Andrew WiUey, Col. John Carter, Widow Mary Dimond, Mrs. Mary Burbank, Capt. Samuel Davis, Maj. Timothy Chandler, Benjamin Wheeler, Mrs.Griffin, form, of Epsom, 100, Abner Dimond, Matthew Nichols, Isaac Emery, Esq., Dea. Nathaniel Ambrose, Nathan Abbot, Rev. Sylvester Dana, Polly, wife of Jos. Johnson, 81 Elizabeth Gilman, William Heard, Mr. Quimby, Widow Mary Hoit, Widow Rebekah White, Samuel Abbot, Widow Mehetable Urann, 49 AGE. TEAK. 88. 1839. 93. 1839. 83. 1839. 84. 1840. 87. 1840. 84. 1840. 82. 1840. 82. 1840. 80. 1841. 89. 1841. 80. 1841. 98. 1841. 80. 1841. 84. 1841. 85. 1842. 88. 1842. 87. 1842. 89. 1843. 84. 1843. 84. 1844. 80. 1844. 96. 1844. 90. 1844. 94. 1845. 87. 1845. 86. 1845. 80. 1845. 91. 1845. 80. 1845. 80. 1845. 80. 1845. 84. 1846. 93. 1846. 81. 1846. 84. 1846. 100'. 1847. 84. 1847. 88. 1847. 92. 1847. 96. 1847. 88. 1847. 89. 1847. 85. 1848. 89. 1848. 86. 1848. 80. 1848. ,100. 1848. 82. 1848. 88. 1849. 80. 1849. 85. 1849. 85. 1849. 80. 1849. , 81. 1849. 81. 1849 84. 1849. 87. 1849. 88. 1849 87. 1849 85. 1849 81. 1849 Mary Abbot, wife of Samuel, 85. Jeremiah Stickney, 85. Widow Tamar MLUs, 85. Mrs Gilman, 90. Mr. Stevens, 80. Aaron Lamprey, 84. Widow Rogers, 88. Benjamin BusweU 86. Widow Elizabeth Stickney, 94. Jeremiah Bridge, 93. Widow Mary Clark, 85. Widow AbigaU Smart, 8 1 . Esther, wife of Dea. WiUey, 80. Widow Rhoda KimbaU, 81. George Arlin, 86. Widow of Simeon HaU, 80. ? PoUy Odlin, 95. Widow Sarah Drew, 80. Widow Mary GUI, 80. Mrs. Hannah, widow of Benj. Wheeler, 81. Col. John Coffin, 87. Wife of Samuel Palmer, 80. * Mrs. Webster, 80. Widow Sarah Pierce, 90. Samuel Hutchins, 84. Widow Gilman, 94. Mrs. Judith, widow of Timo. Carter, 82. Mrs. Mehetabel, widow of Capt. Jona. Ambrose, 86. Mrs. Elizabeth, wife of Abel Hutchins, 85. Mr. Abel Hutchins, 90. Mrs. Lydia, reUct of Timo. Abbot, 85. Dea. James WiUey, 82. John Cheney, 91. Mrs. Mary, widow of Moses Carter, 86. Joseph Potter, 80. Mary Green, 81. Mrs. Sarah, widow of Capt. David Davis, 89. Mrs. Phebe, widow of Na than Abbot, 90. Phebe, wife of Jas. C. Dame, 82. SaUy Farnum, 80. Widow Sarah Haseltine, 86. Widow Sarah Moody, 89. Mrs. Sarah, relict of Ste phen Hall, 83. Richard Herbert, 93y. 5 m. 17 d. Abiel Walker, 88 y. 9 m. 29 d. Levi Hutchins, 93 y. 10 m. Mrs. Betsey, wid. of Nath'l Abbot, 83. Mrs. Betsey, widow of John i Edwards, late of Bristol, 88. Mrs. Abigail, widow of Benj. Kimball, 90. VBAR. 1849. 1850.1850.1850. 1850. 1850. 1850. 1851.1851.1852. 1852. 1852. 1852. 1852.1852.1852. 1852.1852. 1852. 1852. 1852.1852. 1852. 1852.1852. 1852. 1852.1853. 1853. 1853.1753.1853. 1853.1853. 1853.1854. 1854.1854. 1854. 1854. 1854.1855. 1855.1855. 1855.1855. 1855. 1855.1855. 770 HISTORY OF CONCORD. CRIMINAL STATISTICS OF THE CITY OF CONCORD, FOR THE YEAR ENDING FEBRUARY 1, 1854. CITY MARSHAL'S BEPOBT. To the Hon. Joseph Low, Mayor, and the Aldermen of the City of Concord : Agreeably to an ordinance, it becomes my duty to submit the following report of the doings of the police from April 6, 1853, to date. There have been one hundred and twelve arrests made by the police and night watch, and for the following offences, viz. : For Assault and Battery, 16 Larceny, ......... 18 Burglary, ..... Shop Breaking, .... Keeping Disorderly House, Making disturbance in Streets, Common Drunkards, Violation of License Law, . Violation City Ordinance, Complaint to keep the Peace, 121 14 . 26 23 10 1 112 Of the above, ninety-four have been put upon trial, seventeen were discharged by order of court, and eighteen were discharged without trial. Respectfully submitted, J. C. PlLLSBUBT, City Marshal. REPORT OF THE POLICE JUSTICE. To the Hon. Joseph Low, Mayor, and the Aldermen of the City of Concord : Agreeably to the provisions of the city charter, I herewith submit a report of the business of tbe Police Court since the 8th day of April last, to the 1st day of February, 1854. You will also find annexed a statement of the fees aud fines received by me during the same period of time. The whole number of entries on the civU docket is forty-seven, of which nineteen have been contested cases . One Bastardy case transferred to the Court of Common Pleas, one transferred by appeal, and one where question arises as to title to real estate. The whole number of entries on the criminal docket is ninety-four, viz. : Assault and Battery, 14 Larceny, .......... 14 Burglary, .......... 1 Shop Breaking, ........ 1 Concealing stolen property, 1 Highway robbery, 1 Bringing pauper into the State, ...... 1 Obtaining goods by false pretences, ..... 1 Keeping disorderly house, ....... 1 Making disturbance in street, ...... 9 Common drunkards, . . . . . . . .16 Violation of license law 21 Violation of city ordinances, ....... 10 Perjury 1 Subornation of perjury 1 On complaint to keep the peace, ...... i — 94 Of the foregoing have been discharged, 17 Transferred by appeal, ....... 6 Sentenced to common jaU, ....... 2 DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 771 Sentenced to house of correction, 16 Recognized and committed for trial in Court of Common Pleas, . 28 Sentenced to pay fines, ....... 24 Bound to keep the peace, 1 The whole amount of fees paid and charged is . . 8270,46 The whole amount of fines paid is 126,00 $396,46 Calvin Ainswobth, Police Justice. Concord, Feb. 1, 1854. 94 EXTRACTS FROM A DIARY KEPT BY BENJAMIN KIMBALL, at eimball's ferbt, so called, concord, n. h. 1815. March 25. Last passing the river on the ice. May 18. First planting. May 30. Apple trees in full blossom. Sept. 23. A high gale of wind, (September gale,) which destroyed buildings, fences and trees to an immense amount. 1816. June 6-12. Six days very cold weather ; snow feU, ground froze, and corn killed. Sept. 23. A hard freeze ; ears of corn froze through. July 7. A hard frost ; cold for six days. 1817. April I. Good passing on the ice with horses. Sept. 30. The first frost. Dec. 23. First passing the river on the ice. 1818. February. A very cold month. March 1 . A heavy rain, and on the third, river overflowed. March 22. Good boating. 1818. December. Very cold. 1 819. January and February. Very warm, with very little snow, the ground being bare the whole time, and no sledding, but all business and journeys per formed with wagons. April 5. A great freshet, which carried off Federal bridge. May 19. High water over all the interval. August 1 2. The warmest day for twenty years. 1820. March 30. First boating. May 26. Apple trees in blossom ; also a storm of rain, hail and snow, the snow laying two inches deep after the storm. Oct. 17. The highest freshet for thirty-six years. Nov. 12. A severe snow-storm ; snow fell six inches deep, and good sledding for several days. 1821. Dec. .14. Last boating for the season. Dec. 1 7. Ice on the river ; passed with teams. 1 822. March 6. Ice out of the river — boating commenced. Dec. 16. River frozen over and boating ceased. 1823. April 2. Could pass the river on the ice. April 3. Commenced boating. Nov. 18. Passing on the ice ; very cold fall. Nov. 29. Teams passed the river on the ice. 1824. Feb. 4. Coldest day for the winter. Feb. 10-11. A great thaw, and on the I2th the ice left the river and carried off Federal bridge. March 10. First boating with the smaU boat. Sept. 25. The first frost. Nov. 3. Considered the coldest day ever known for the season, or time of the year. Dec. 6. Last boating. 1825. March 7. Horses passing the river on the ice fell in. March 18. Commenced boating. 772 HISTORY OF CONCORD. June 22. The great day of Lafayette in Concord. The warmest and dryest summer for many years until the 12th of August, when commenced a great rain. Nov. 23. People on foot passed the river on the ice. Dec. 13. The coldest day ever known for the season of the year. Dec. 19. Ground all bare. 1826. Feb. 2. Tbe first snow to make sledding. Jan. 31. The coldest day for many years. March 14. First boating. April 11. The coldest day ever known at this season of the year. June. The season very warm and dry until the 24th of June, when a great rain commenced, and there fell four or five inches of water, foUowed by frequent and heavy showers, until the 30th of August, when the river rose twenty feet above low water mark, covering nearly all the interval, and on thff 31st of Au gust the bank went off, and the house in danger. 1826. Sept. 2. Potatoes rotting in the ground, and forty-seven men digging potatoes this day at Sugar Ball. Sept. 8. There has not been a good hay-day for four weeks. On the 15th of September the first north-west wind for five weeks. Nov. 21. First snow, when there feU six inches. Dec. 7. River frozen over and boating ceased. 1827. Jan. 1,2, 3. Snowed for three days; there feU sixteen inches from the 1st of January to the 20th of February ; very cold, with numerous severe snow-storms, and the snow three to four feet deep. March 23. Commenced boating ; great rains, high winds, and very backward spring ; first sowing, May 10; planted corn, 19th. July 26. Great rain ; six inches of water feU, but did not produce a great freshet. Sept. 30. First frost. Nov. 9, 10, 11. Three coldest days ever known at this time of the year; the river froze over ; extremely cold month; not a pleasant day from the 13th to the 28th day ; an uninterrupted succession of cold N. W. wind for fifteen days. Nov. 29, 30. Rainy. Nov. 28. Passed the river on the ice with horses. Dec. 1 . Ice went out of the river. Dec. 2. Boating, and continued nntil the 16th. Dec. 18. First snow to make sleighing — six inches. 1828. Moderate winter, with but little Bnow, but there were frequent thaws. Feb. 19. A large rain — carried off all the snow ; the ice went out of the river. Sept. 6. Great freshet, the water covering the whole interval. 1829. Extremely cold for seven weeks — from January 1 to February 21 — and but little snow ; then there wos a cold and severe storm, and sixteen inches of snow fell. 1831. Jan. 1. River fell to the top of the banks. Dec. 2. Water covered the whole interval, and came within ten feet of the house. June 5. More rain ; cannot pass to the other house without a boat. June 6. A raft went down river, straight over the gulf. 1835. Nov. 20. First snow for the season. 1836. A cold winter ; the snow four feet deep on a level, and no bare ground to be seen until the 1st of April. March 31. The ice sufficiently strong to bear a horse team and two tons' load. Passing on the ice on foot as late as April 7. 1841. Jan. 8. A great freshet ; the water in the river rose fifteen feet, broke up the ice and carried off Federal bridge and Free bridge within about half an hour of each other ; the river rose four feet in thirty minutes, and kept up so that we could not pass to the other house for four days. 1839. Jan. 26. Rained for twenty-four hours ; the river rose fifteen feet in fifteen hours, aDd came within three feet of the door-steps of the house, and to the top of the sills of the barn, which was occasioned by the river being dammed up by the ice. It carried off all the bridges on the river except Federal bridge, and that so damaged as to be impassable. DOCUMENTARY AND STATISTICAL. 773 EXTRACTS FROM THE METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER KEPT BY WILLIAM PRESCOTT, M. D. 1850. January. A fine and pleasant month ; the mercury in the thermome ter above zero every day until the 31st, when it was two degrees below in the morning ; most of the month from fourteen to thirty-two above zero, in the morn ing. Thirty-six inches of snow fell this month. Feb. 6. Thermometer sixteen degrees below zero, iu morning. The rest of the month comfortable weather. March. Twenty inches of snow fell this month. Excellent and uninter rupted sleighing from the 3d of December to the 10th of March, and tolerable throughout this month. April. The water of the Merrimack overflowed the whole interval ; came into my garden west of the Concord and Claremont railroad, and was four feet deep immediately east of the railroad. May. Nine and a half inches of rain fell this month. June. Four and a half inches of rain fell. July. Four and a half inches of rain feU. August. Very dry until the 25th, when two and three fourths inches of water feU. Sept. 30. First frost. Nov. 26. First snow for the season. Dec. 23. Eighteen inches of snow fell, and 40 inches during the month ; 31st, thermometer thirteen degrees below zero — all the rest of the month above. 1851. January. Thermometer below zero on the 5th, 19th and 31st ; but ten inches of snow fell this month ; mild. THE "DARK DAY," FRIDAY, MAY 19, 1780. BT GEOROE ABBOT, ESQ. The circumstances and appearances which marked this memorable day, as near as can be recollected by using the language of the old people who witnessed them, were as follows : The morning exhibited nothing remarkable, except a thick, smoky atmos phere, and a pale glimmering of the eastern sky. About eight or nine o'clock smoke and clouds obscured the sun. The heavens assumed a brassy appearance, something like that of the moon when she is totally eclipsed. About ten or eleven o'clock a gloomy and melancholy-darkness involved all terrestrial objects. The domestic fowls and the birds and beasts repaired to the retreats of night ; consternation and horror seized the minds of mortals — they expecting that the final dissolution of all things was near. About noon the darkness was so great that it was necessary to light candles in the houses. The darkness and brassy color of the sky continued with little alteration during the remainder of the day, and the night was as remarkably dark as the day. 1794, May 18. Gbeat Fbost. In some places the rye and flax were kiUed. The apples were as large as ounce balls, and were all killed in the West Parish, except two apples which Mr. Joseph Hoyt raised on his farm on Horse-hill ! 1806, June 16. Solar Eclipse of the Sun. The shadow of the leaves resembled the moon in the first and last quarters. The domestic fowls went to their retreats of night. 1815, Sept. 23. A REMARKABLE HlGH WlND IN THE NEW-EyGLAND States. The wind was south-east, and was attended with rain. Buildings were unroofed and blown down, and also trees, and in some places acres of trees in the wood3 were blown down. Vessels were driven upon the coast, and much damage done thereby. 49* 774 HISTORY OF CONCORD. SNOW THAT FELL LN CONCORD FROM SEPTEMBER, 1840, TO JUNE, 1853. Ft. in. 10 10^ 4 4 11 1 9 0 6 10^ 6 9^1 7 3 6 10 June, 1848, to June, 1849, June, 1849, to June, 1850, June, 1850, to June, 1851, June, 1851, to June, 1852, June, 1852, to June, 1853, Sept., 1840, to June, 1841, June, 1841, to June, 1842, June, 1842, to June, 1843, June, 1843, to June, 1844, June, 1844, to June, 1845, June, 1845. to Jnne, 1846, June, 1846, to June, 1847, 7 3"| Total, June, 1847, to June, 1848, "From September, 1840, to June, 1853, there feU 101 feet and 10^ inches of snow in Concord, N. H., according to my record. Geobge Abbot." January 23, 1854. ERRATA. Tbe reader is respectfully requested to turn to tbe errors noted below, and make tbe necessary corrections. On Map, for " Soucook Falls" read Penny Cook ; (see page 66.) Page 32, nt'ili and sixth lines, instead of " whom he names," read in which be names the bride, " Weetamoo." Page 34, eleventh line, instead of *< Bridal" read Bride. Page 134, John Chandler, instead of " died in 1721," read 1740 ; and next line, instead of " grandson" read great-grandson. Page 253, fifteenth line, instead of " five" road twenty-Jive. Page 303, eighth line from bottom, instead of ** pieces" read prices. Page 3J4, middle of page, after the word "candidate" add in 1799, 1800 and 1801. Page 335, last line, after " Alfred" add C. Page 337, note, for "2" read Document No. 4. Page 351, ninth line, instead of "Elizabeth Furness" read Brovm, daughter of Rev. Arthur Brown. Page 366, note, for '* miscellaneous" read introductory. Page 382, third line from bottom, for " 22" read 28. Page 411, seventh line from bottom, for." Benj. M." read George F. Page 430, middle of page, for " 19" read 18. Page 441, note, for " McFarland family," &c, read Biography of Rev. Dr. McFarland. Page 494, fourteenth line from bottom, for "J- S. Abbot Sc Co." read Downing ty Sons. Page 546, eighth line, to " Capt. Moses" add C. Page 569. eleventh line from bottom, for " 1774" read 1776. Page 617, note, " Furnished by Rev. Hiram Whiicher" belongs to the next paragraph. Page 623, second line, for "1779" read 1776. In middle of same page read 3-Benjamtn Abbot. Page 624, for " 1. Thomas Abbot" read 3-Thomas Abbot. Page 645, five lines from bottom, for " d. 1832" read 1831. Page 654, middle, after Moses Elliot, jr., erase " Congregational preacher, son of Moses." (?) Note — Moses Elliot, the preacher, was son of 1-Jonathan. Page 669, seventh line, for " 1S04" read 1814. Page 720, fourth line from bottom, for " langam" read Imgam. PROPRIETORS' RECORDS. Rev. Nathaniel Bouton — Dear Sir : At your request I have carefully examined the several extracts from the Pro prietors' Records of the town of Concord, now iu my possession, taken by you to be entered in your History of said town. I have found a very few mistakes, which you will please to have corrected, and if so done, I can hereby certify to be correct. Jonathan Eastman, Proprietors' Clerk. Concord, December 4, 1855. ERRATA. 775 The following are the " mistakes'' or errors pointed out by Mr. Eastman, in the Proprietors' Records : Page 70, eighth line of Records, omit " the" before " making." Page 71, fourth line from bottom, insert their, before " giving." Page 76, first line, omit " and " before "be laid." Page 80, read JVathan Parker, instead of " N. Parker." Page 87, seventh line, for " to," read " mi." Page 89, ninth line, for " at," read "in." On same page, tenth line from bottom, insert First before " That." Page 106, seventh line from bottom, read " for tbe calling," &c. Page 107, fifth line from bottom, after " Mr. Jeremiah Stickney" add Mr. Joseph Eastman. Page 109, near middle, after " to choose a Committee," add to do the same, and also to choose a Committee. Page 114, sixth line from bottom, insert " Lieut." before "John Chandler." Page 117, near middle, after " David Barker," read and instead of " which." Page 122, last line, for "47" read 44. Page 123, ninth line from bottom, for " 62" read 67. Page 123, eighth line from bottom, for " 6,66" read 6,60. Page 124, tenth line from bottom, for "9,35" read 9,95. INDEX TO NAMES. Abbot Family, pp. 620-631 Alfred C. 325 Amos, 155,175,176,160.187, 237,243,270,277 Amos, jr. 270,313,323 Benjamin, 2d, jr. 156,174, 176,178,183,228,270 Daniel, 191,202,204,258,270, 512,524,529 (1) David, 213 (2) David, 449 Dver, 533 Edward, 79,103.106,107,108. 109, 1 1 1 ,113,116,1 17,122- 140,144,155,15(i,174,176, 182,210,247,515 Edward, jr. 190,270 Elias, 275 Emoline, Miss 417 Ephraim, Rev. 199,256,61)5 Ephraim, 271 Ezra, Lt. 204,534 George, Dea. 106,108,109, 156,177,182,228,243,270, 512.515,554,605 George, jr. 271 George, D. Capt. 408,490 George, Esq. 238,521,524, 52^,534,542,620 Ira, 283 Isaac, 152,256,271,500 Jabez, 217,270 Jacob, 68,77,122-140 Jacob, jr. Esq. 320,324.532, 533 James, 120,143,155,175,180, 183 James, jr., 186 James M., 449 Jeremiah, 521 Jeremiah S., 500 Jerry, 254,516 Jesse, 270,275 John,275.463.470,47I,500,545John, [Warner,] 346 John D., ?88,550 Joseph, 91,152,161,210,244, 270 Joshua, Capt., 191,247,258, 265,271,275,279,306,308, 320,323,383,514,525 Joshua, jr. 342,343 Abbot, Rev. Joshua 382 Levi, 313,339,585 Moses, (1) 54, (?) 256,339,529 Nathaniel, (1) 54,66,79, 102,103.106,107,108,113, Prop. Rec. to the end, 122-140,145,152,155,176,182,190,228,243,418,514. 521 529 Nathaniel, (2,) jr , 15oj270 Nathaniel, (3,) 34637,417, 550 Nathaniel C, 259 Nathaniel P., 449 Nathan, 270,529 Nathan K., 204,521 Lois and Sarah, 525 Philip, 561 Reuben,(l,) 155,157,160,18", 254,270,525,529,577 Reuben, (2,) or jr., 237,270, Reuben, (3,) • iRV 522 Reuben £., 542 Samuel and Mrs. Mary, 487 Simeon, 180,468,500,545 Stephen, (1,) 54,(?)271 J. Stephens & Son, 464,467, 485 Theodore T., 427,446,453 Thomas, (1,) 54,524, (2) 539 Timothy, 323,342,366,393 Timothy, [Andover,] 347 William, Maj., 414 WiUiam M., 584 Adams, President John 322 Rev. Ezra E., 606 Nathaniel, 330 Aiken, James 266 John, 495 Ainsworth, C. 490 Aldrich, Lyman, 491 Allen, Benj. F. 161 Wash ington St. 665 Allin, Andrew 54 Royal, 376 Allison, F. 457 Allison & Gault, 490 David, 408 Ausroii Familt, 631-2 Jonathan, 320 Col., 349,412 Nathaniel, 339,605 Robert, 271,303,320,350 Ambrose, Stephen 326,347,348, 366,368,372,890,408,418,478 Thomas A. 500 Ames, Samuel 255 Amherst, Gen. 195,196 Anderson, Henry 457 Annis, Daniel 155,176 Arlin, George 140 John, 461 Sarah. 606 Daniel, 346 Asten, Daniel 54 Atherton, Charles H. 406 Atkinson, Theo. 79,81,206 Atwood, Moses G. 412,433,589 Asten, or Austen, John 66,78 122,130 Aria Familt, 630-31 Ayer, or Aires, Sam'l 54,68,76 Ayer, James 533,539 John, 67,68,75,79,83.92,95, 96,123 Obadiah, 67,68,75,79,94,123- 130 553 Richard, 32132,323,324)337 339,342,348,366, 433,515, 532,589 Richard H. 389,4 '9 Samuel, 89,90,122-130 William, 223 B Bachelder, John, John, jr., Josiah, 321,499 319 67,71 Bacheller, Samuel, Rev., 232 Badger, Gov. William, 422 Ezra, 271 Jacob, 545 Joseph, 277 Stephen C, 84,471,482 Baker Familt, 632-33 Abel, (1) 339 Abel, (2) 392,458,471,482 Benjamin, 265 Marshall, Lt., 346 Nath'l B.. 453,457,466,470, 471,472.476, [Mrs. B.,482,j 482,495,500 Capt. Thomas, 41,42 Balch, Rev. William, 232 Baldwin, James F., 570,573 Col. Nahum, 271 INDEX TO NAMES. 777 Ball, Ebenezer, 350 Ballard Familt, 633-34 Ezra, 512,605 Nathan, jr., 339,347,348,368, 532,605 Bank, [Mechanics,] 476 Banks, Magnus, 268 Barker, Annaniah, 54 David, 99,103,117,182 Eben, 54 James, 54 John, 54 Nathan, 54 Nathaniel, 68,79,86,90 William, 54,68,75,77,83,91, 94,98,100,103,108,122-140, 145.182 Samuel, 54 Stephen, 54 Zebediah, 54,68,79,122-140 Barnabee, Rev. Mr., 401 Barnard, Edward, Rev., 232 John, Rev., 98,242 Barnes, Mrs. Susan A., 458 Barron, Rev. Thompson, 616 Bartlett, Ichabod, 421,434 Josiah, 277,314 Richard, Esq., or Col., 380, 388,408 William H., 495,504 Hartley , Dr., 346 Barrett, Rev. Mr., 406 Barton, Cyrus,427,436,468,482, 500,504,601 Battis, George, 474 Baum, Col. 274 Bayley, Abner, Rev. 232 James, 4 54 John, 52,54,68,79,123,130 Joshua, 54, 67, 68, 78,98,123- 130 Thomas, 500,504 William H. H., 500,504 Bean, Abrah'm 427,430,435,453 Ebenezer, 266 John, 159,167 Samuel, 266,310 Beard, William 265 Beck, Henry 270 Beede, Sev. Thomas, 378 Bell, John (1) 297 John, (2) 442 Samuel, 421,601 Belcher, J. 105, 115, 121, 146, 147,149 Bellingham, Gov. 35 Belknap, Joshua 346 Bellows, H. A. 495 H. A. & A. H., 490 Berry, Samuel G. 480,482 Beverly, Serg. 196 Bickford, Joseph 439 Bishop, Enoch 204 Black, James 54 Blake, Mr. [J. L.] 380, Rev., 607 Capt. Samuel, 442 Samuel, 48 Blanchard, Thomas 54,68,79, 123-140 Abiel, 271 Benjamin, 176 James, 191 John, 258 Joseph, 156,175,189 Porter, 432 Blodgett, Nathan 68,79,123-140 A. C, 457 j Blodgett, J., 482 I Bodwell, E. A. 482 j Bond, John 52 Borbank, Samuel 54 I Bordman, Moses 68,80,1231-10 LeBosquet, Rev. John 606 Bouton, Nath'l, Rev. 168,201, 35336,388,399,404, [Mrs. Harriet S., 404,] 406, 409, 412,414,416,418,436, /Mrs. Mary Ann P., 442J 442, 446, 472, 476, 577, 480, 495, 501, 516, 549, 593, 604, 605, » 613 Bowers, Andrew 367 Hannah, 250 Josiah, 250 Bowen, Rev. Nath'l 608 Boyd, John C. 346 Brackett, Simeon 591 Bradford, Col. Benjamin 344 Bradley Family, 634-36 Abraham, 98, 103, 107, 108, 109,110,111,112,113,116, 128-140,154,183,252,574 Benjamin, 191,193 Cyrus P., 593 Daniel, 162 Mrs. Hannah, 374 Isaac, 162 Isaac C, 420 Jeremiah, 114, 155, 179, 186, 270 Jonathan, Lt., 157,167,184 John, (1) 164, 254, 270, 273 277, 295, 305, 307, 320, 323, 329, 337, 342, 348, 373, 528, 530,538,573,600 John, (2) 399 Joseph, 162, Joseph's wife, 162,163 Mehetabel, 164 Philbri'k,320,323,348,444,609 Richard, 121, 157, 170, 305, 363, 366, 368, 373,381, 392 393, 394, 397, 399, 426, 427, 431,436,453,468,470,471, 476,495,499,500,515, 528, 540 541 Robert, 89,299,323,599 Samuel, 154, 157,158. 167 Ac. 186,323,373 Samuel A., 157 Timothy, 119, 154, 183, 270, 285,299,320,323 Timothy jr., 270 Brewster, Amos A. 421 Brigham, Levi 365,433 Mrs. N. II.. 433 Brockway, E. F. 466 Brodhead, Rev. John 609 3rown, Rev. Dairus R. 607 Enoch, 324 George W., 499,504 J. F., 482,490,500,504 Joseph, 497 John, (slave,) 251 H. H., 463,466 M. N., 483 Orlando, 367,424 Samuel F., 500 S E. 485 Stephen, 168,433,463,480 Dr. Thomas, 394 Brown Ic Young, 490 Browne, Rev. Mr. 77,99 Bryant, Walter 206 Buck, Wm. D. 168 Buckminster, Col. 55 Buckley, Col. 513 Bullock, G. 490 Burbank, or Borbank, Samuel 54 Caleb, 176 Burbank, John, 176 Burbanks, Timothy 155 Burbeen, Joseph 231,579 Paul, 235,250 Burgess, Emery 482 Burgum, John 573 Burgin, Hall 436,461,465 Burgoyne, Gen. 274 Burnett, W. 65 Burnham, Rev. Abraham 451 Burroughs, Rev. Charles 607 BusweU, Caleb 270 James, 121,342 James H., 500 Butters, Samuel 270,326 Butterfield, Samuel 476 William, 481,482 Buxton, Rev. Edward 583 Byfield, N. 63 Cady, Albe 365,374,408,4 1 1 , 433,436,607 Ctesar, (Famum,) slave, 252,24930 Calfe, John 300-1,308 Widow Mary, 373 Richard, 373 Robert, 164 Call, Horace 452 Nathan, 482,500 Stephen, 176 Calton or Carlton, Benja min 54,68,79,87,123 Christopher, 54,68,77,102, 123-140 Nehemiah, 54,68,80,94,123- 140 Campbell, David 379 Capen, Rev. Mr. 406 Carlton, Rev. Mr. 401 Stephen, 544 Carpenter, E. D. 427 Rev. Josiah, 321 Can, Bradbury C. 346 Samuel, 474 Carrigain, Philip Esq. 50,337 Dr. Philip, 259.271,272,282, 264,306,376,382,400,433, 435,514 Carroll, H. H. 457,476,477 Arlond, 421 CarsweU, Henry F. 483 John D., 457 Carter Family, 636-:i8 Abigail, 157,178,519 Daniel, 222,271,286 David, 325,376 Ephraim, 155,174,323,383 Ezra, 270 (1) Dr. Ezra,153,155,157,176, 177,18639,217,234,235, 243,510,553 (2) Dr. Ezra,394,397,424,427, 436,466,482,495,499,504,526 Ezekiel, 271,538 Jacob, (1) 270,321,323,324, 330 Jacob, (2) 482,490 Col. John, 227,344,396,483, 563 778 INDEX TO NAMES. Carter, Joseph, 155,174,584 Nathan, 383 Nathaniel H., 584 William M., 500 Timothy, 323,348,368 Cass, Gen. 415 Moses, 496 Catlin, Rev. S. T. 617 Caverno, Rev. A. 617 Caul, Philip 176 Chadboume, Dr. Thomas 133, 156.366,393,396,436,467, 515 Chadwick, Jona. 54 E. S., 477 Chamberlain, Mr. Vice 222 Chandler Family, 638-41 Capt. Abiel, 155.160,175,185, 226,258,259,264,265,266,304 Abiel, Mr. 244,599 Abiel, 476 Daniel, 244,271 David, 186 Lt. Isaac. 174,176,181 John, (1) 54,67,66 John, Ens., 75,773,1-3,91, 92,94,98,100,101,102,103, 105,106,107,106,109,110 John, Lt., 111,113,114.116, 118,123.140,143,145 John, Capt., 152,153,154,174, 170,182,189,209,217,226, 228,234,244,246,556 John, [Boscawen,] 369 John, (2) Lt. or jr., 201,243, 278,287,303,338 John B., 355,445,515,605 Henry, 349,389 Henry, jr. 349 Nathan, 500 Pomp, 329 Samuel, 54 Timothv, Capt., Maj., 313, 32334,348,349,352,388,390,395,397,403,408.427 , _ 436,514,532,533 Zechariah. 79,123-140,285 Chase. Baruch 338 Daniel, 120,156,176,183,298, 270 Daniel, jr. 156 Eunice, 235 Rev. Charles, D. D. 608 Rev. .Mr., 443 Jonathan, 191,243 John, 258,271 Rev. Moses B., 607 Pratt, 265 Stephen, 469 Chickering, Ebenezer 374 Cilisen, Isaac 355 Cheever, Rov. Geo. B. 436 Cheiney, John 52 Cheney, B. P. 449 Nathan, 270 Clark, Daniel 348,401,445,593 Edward. 54,68,77,123-130 Jonathan, 54 Mary, 170,401,419,445 Samuel, 54 Rev. WiUiam, 605 Clement, Zenas 453 Clement or Clemons, Na thaniel, 54,68,78,123-140 William, 276 Timothy, 104,107,108,109, 110,111,113,116,155,18-.' Clifford, Samuel 125,497 Clough, Abner lr7 Jacob, 443 Capt. Jeremiah, 153,176,273 John, 242 Joseph, 27138 Miss, 299 Thomas, 176,219 Cochran, Mrs. Sally, 421 Coffin Family, 703 Benjamin, jr. 500 Enoch, 306,339,389, 514,548 Rev. Enoch, 59, 70.7. .,84.92, 94,123-140 Col. John, 548 John, 213,492 (1) Peter, 35,36,39,52,135 (2) Peter, 209.22733 Samuel, 252,326,388,390,408, 429,453,464,548 Tristram, 134 William, 135,350,270 Cofran, Capt, Joseph 388 Coker, Robard 52 Coggin, John 68,77.87,123- 140 CogsweU, Nathaniel 68,79, 123-140 Col be v or Colbee, Abra ham 156,18232, jr., 184 Colby, Dr. Elijah 394,408 Ephraim, 323,536,549,569 John, 233,342 Joseph, 271 Lot, 156,185,243,244,247, 250,27035,511 MarshaU B., 491 Nathan, 244 Sampson, 155,176,186 Rev. Zaccheus, 321 Colmao.Thornas 68,79,90,123- 140 Cooke, Esq. Elisha 58 and Prop. Rec. Cook, Lossing R. 4P9 Coolidge, Richard 68,78,122- 140 Daniel, 606 Cooley, Abraham, 54 Connel I, George 342 Cop, Josiah 67 Copps, David 190 Ebenezer, 191 Corser, John 176 Cotton, William 52 Couch, Harrison 457 Coues, Samuel E. 436,439 Cowdry, Matthias 54 Coult, WiUiam 488 Cranfield, Gov. 38 Cragg, David 54 Crawford, Robert 346 Crehore, Bowen 340 Crockett, Charles P. 612 Crocker, Elezar 54 Crosby, Dr. Josiah 388 Cross & Warren, 492 Crumpton, Francis 74 Curaore, Nancy 350 Cummings, Rev. E. E. 173, 416,436,612,618,619 Curey, William 155 Currier, Alva C. 473 A. B., 470 George W. 473 Jonathan, 482 Newell, 409 WiUiam, 270 Curtis, Nathaniel Curtice, Rev. Jona. Cushing, Caleb Rev. James, Joseph,Thomas, 421446 482 232 601141 Cusbman, [Chief Marshal] 415 Cutts, Esq. Samuel 267 Cuvier, 572 D Dame, George 494 Damon, Benjamin 612 Dana, Rev. Sylvester 461 Esq. Sylvester, 470,490 Danforth, Isaac 490 Joel C, 453,470,491 Moses, 176 Simon, 270 Thomas, 52,176 Danford, William 176 Darling, Joshua 338 Darringion, Col. 344 Davidson, Artemas 355 Datii Family, 641 Aquila 338,344 Charles A., 483 Daniel, 68,79,82,123-130 Capt. David, 244,313,327, 532 David, 550 Elias, (Bow,) 346 ( 1 ) Ephraim, 64, 68, 78, 123- 140 (2) Ephraim, 392 James, 206 Joseph, 54,68,77,123-140,182 William, 54 Robert. (1) 243,244,246,247, 270,305,30630 Robert, (2) Gen. 244, 305, 370,387,388,3893), 391, 415.416,424,425,428,434, 435,480,499 Robert, 2d, 38130 Samuel, 54, 68, 76, 123-140, 323,324,33938,484 Samuel, (of Chester,) 346 Sullivan, 488 Dawen, 565 Day & Emerson, 491 Moses, 54, 55, 67, 73, 68, 77, 123-140 Dearborn, John 443 John M., 500 Delaware, Earl of 222 Denison, Daniel 50 Dennet, Ens. Ephraim 206 Dickinson, Thomas 34,48 Dickerraan, Enoch 590 Dix, Timothy 352 John A., 352 Dixon, Geo. W. 433 Dieskau, Gen. 195 Dimond Family, 641-43 Eldridge, 500 Ezekiel, 271,276,513 Ezekiel, jr., 270 Isaac, 324 John, 320,513 Reuben, 320 Dinsmore, Gov. Samuel 486 Dinah, (slave,) 25031 Dobie, Samuel 457 Dodge, David 66,78,123-140 Dorr, Thomas W. 452 INDEX TO NAMES. ('79 Dow Family, 643-45 Benjamin F., 463 Rev. Ezekiel, 606,616 Capt. Enoch, 414 Isaac, 348, 390, 392, 426, 481, 482 Joseph F., 453 Rev. Mr., 416 Lorenzo, 378 S. S., 457 Timothy, 324 Downing, Capt. John 206 Lewis, 408,427,453,463,464, 473 Dresser, Jeremiah 154,183 Drew, John 343 Drown, Albert H. 500 Dudley, Gov. 18,40 John, 267 Stephen, 266 Esq. William, 58, 63, and Prop. Rec. Dummer, Hon. Wm. 55,63, and Prop. Sec. Agent, 81 Dunbar, Esq. David 146 Duncan, Wm. 323,327,513,535 Dunklee, Benjamin F. 463 J. C, 482 Dunlap, James 346 John, 346 Lydia, 606 Durgin, Jeremiah S. 499,500 Durrell, Daniel M. 439 Dustin, Ebenezer 337,339,342 Mrs. Hannah, 42,46 Jane, 490 Thomas, 42,46 E Eames, Jacob 68,77,123-140 Eastman Family, 645-50 Amos, 155,175,176,191,192 Benjamin, 27030 Charles, 348 Daniel, 251 (1) Capt. Ebenezer, 54,55,59, 64, Prop. Rec, 68,78,86, 88,89, 90, 100, 101, 103. 104,107,108,110,123-140,142,152,153,154,176,182, 519,551,55435 (2) Ebenezer, jun., 154,176, 184, [see officers.] (3) Ebenezer, 319,328 (4) Ebenezer, 454,455 Edmund, 313 Eleanor, 201 Frank, 457 Isaac, 349,368,375,405,408 Jeremiah, 154,176,187 Jacob, 348 Capt. John, (1) 339,348 Dea. John, jr., 388,468 Capt. or Esq. Jonathan, 258, 27035,285, 308,313,320, 321,323,327, 329,348,372, 532,538,56230,600 Esq. Jonathan, jr., 47, 154, 337,388,427,457, 468,472, 481,46230 (1) Joseph, 103,108,109,110, 120,145,155,176,182,187, 190,270 (2) Joseph, jr., 154,258,271, " 285 (3) Joseph, 155,191,196,320 Eastman, (4) Joseph jr. 427,499 Lowell, 463 Miriam, 201 Moses, 169,190,270,285 Moses, jr., 270 Nathaniel, 176,191,195,243, 265,323 Obadiah, 186 Philip, 154, 176, 184,226.247, 269,270,556 Richard, 21330 Samuel, 155 Seth, 429,469,496 Stilson, 47,195,320,323,591 William, 339 Earl of Egremont, ' 222 Eaton, Ephraim 490 Thomas, 271 Eckley, Rev. Joseph 567 Edmunds, F C. 486 Ela, GeorgeW. 434,436,461,477 Jacob H., 457 Samuel, 54 Ellis, Esq. Welboro 222 Rev. Mr., 401 Ellison, Richard 273 Elliot Family, 650-55 Alexander R. 268 Barnard, 570 Benjamin, 271 Eben F., 499 James, 346,409 John, 346,403,550,570 Rev. John, 21,23,24,28 Joseph, 570 Old Mrs. Lydia, 528,529 Theodore F., -166 Emery, Benjamin 226,243,246, 247,258,270,271,282,283, 285,295,300,303,304,305, 310,327,328,514,5643^5 Benjamin, jr., 342 Charles, 349,353 Eliphalet, 339 Isaac, 470,486,591 Jo., 258 Noah, 268 Timothy W., 500 William, 176 Emerson, Isaac 525 James, 346 Jonathan, 270,525 Samuel, 346 Esq. Samuel, 242,277 Stephen, 54,68,79,123,140 Rev. Ralph W., 407 Emmons, Jacob 411 Endicot, Gov. John 50,64,71, 83,145,223 Estabrook, George G. 457 John, 417 Joseph E., 409 Estabrooks, Mr. 177 Evans, Asaph 396,426,44* David, 156,191,194,560 Rev. Israel, 303,304,308,309, 319,327,512,513,516,525, 531,567,594 John, 222,560,562 Nathaniel, jr., 490 Samuel, 426,433 Ewer, Nathaniel 487 Nathaniel, jr., 438 Fales, James Falmouth, Viscount 54 222 Farley, Geo. H. 411 Farley, Henry 441 Luther, 476 Farmer, Esq. John 346,407, 445,588,592 Farnum Family, 655-61 Farnon or Farnum, Bara chias 111,119,120,151,183 Benjamin, 270,486,545,005 Ephraim, Dea. 54,68,79,103, 106, 108, 110-114, 119, 120, 123-140, 144, 155, 175, 176, 183. Officers, 233, 251- 270,605 Ephraim, jr. 255,270 George E., 486 Francis, 492 James, 182,191,226 John C, 492 Joseph, 155,175,180,184,943, 246,270,295,525,529 Josiah, jr. 270 Moses H., 252,545,549 Stephen and John, 256 Theodore, 270 Zebediah, 155,183-191,255, 271 Farrington, Jacob 193 Jerry, 235 Samuel, 156,180,232 Stephen, 102,105,140,156, 174,176,180,l!-4,231,516 Farrand, Daniel 438 Farrar, Cyrus 201 Timothy, 277 Fellows, Capt. WiUiam 206 Ferrin, Charles 456 Isaac, 255 Philip, 456 Fessenden, Hosea 156,453,567 Fernald, Josiah 389 Fifield, Benjamin 176,270 Jonathan, 190,191 William, 270 Rev. Winthrop, 616 Fui Family, 661-62 Ephraim, 271 Francis N. 325,364.427,429, 432,453,465,468,470,481,482 Henry, 408 Nathan, 79,123,140,285 Theopbilus, 421 Fisk & Norcross, 482,491 Flagg, Rev. Ebenezer 232 Master, 532 Flanders, Abner 270,275 Capt., 346 Jacob, 176 John, 176 Rev. Mr., 501,612 Oliver, 320 Philip, 176 Richard, 253,270,298 Fletcher, Arthur 463,480 Rev. Elijah, 563 Samuel, 306,395,408,426, 434,45t>, [Mrs. Nancy B., 450,1 53334,605 Fogg & Wiggin, 490 Folsom, John 266 C. A. W., 482 Fowle, John 259,270 Fowler, Asa 464,407,468,470, 476,477,499 Paul, 191 Esq. Samuel, 201 Foster, Aaron 54 Abrah'm,68,79,86,91,123-140 780 INDEX TO NAMES. Fostor, David 155 Isaac, 182 John, 54,68,76,91,123-140 Moses, 213,217 Obadiah, 154,174 Reuben F., 515 Stephen S., 445,473 William P., 457 Forest, John 176 William, 176 William, jr. 176 Fox, Charles J. 439 Col.,Esq. Henry, 222 Nathaniel, 265 Freeman, Rev. Hiram 616 French, Rev. Henry S. G. 606 Theodore, 436 Frost, John 206 Frobawk, Thomas 266 Frye, Ebenezer 346 Fuller, D. G. 482,515 Ffurbur, WiUiam 62 G Gage, Benjamin 54,68,77,123- 140 B., 490 Charles P., 407,476,500 Gen., 263 Jonathan, 54 John, 270 Rev. Mr., 406 Solomon, 270 William, 346 Gale Familt, 662-64 Benj'n, 177,32233,341,342, 381 ,384,396,427,436,515 570 Daniel,Moses, Perkins, Gallaudet, Rev. Mr, Game, Esq. Samuel Gannett, Rev. Mr. Gannell, Emma Gardner, C. W. Garvin, John Patrick, Gass, John John P., 400,411,493,546 Gault, John A. 612 Will., 229 William, 402,409,411,436, 612 Patrick, 250 Genealogy names, 620-717 George, David (1) 270 David, (2) 311,32939,510, 549 John, 380 John H., 471,476,482,500 True, 496 Gerrish, Enoch 326 Gilman, William, Gilmore & Clapp, Joseph A., Mitchell, jr. Gipson, James Givens, John Gleason, Benjamin Zebediah, Glines, Rev. Jeremiah Glover, John 491 475 480,482 480,500 176438 254 392,393 605 427 Graduates — names, 729-737 Green, Benja. 482l±Jacob, ¦*» l. 490 Dr. William, 337,476,477, 482 540 Preston, Mrs. Ruby B. '406 Pudney, Henry 155 John, jr. 156,187 Joseph, 154,155,176,179 Samuel, 156,182 William, 155 Putney, John 402 Pulsipher, Jonathan 68,60,113, 124-140 Putnam, Rev. John M. 442, 451 Q Quarles, Samuel 365 Qtiincv, Edmund H8 I J; 131 ftuinn, 485 John, 492 R Randolph, John 597 Rawson, Edward 50 Reid, Col. 267 Reed & Stanley, 490 Renton, Dr. Peter 394,421,452 Reatieaux, WiUiam 408,429 Revere, Col. 401 Rice, Harvey 463 Rich, Rev. Ezekiel 379 Richardson, Edward 52 Noah 329 William 404 Ridgeway, Ebenezer 441 Ripley, Rev. Erastus 404 Rix, Nathaniel 156,186,191 Roach, John 251,323,351,515 Roberts, Alexander 158,167 Robertson, Peter 340,342,347, 365,376,493 Robinson, Cyras 392 Josiah 685 Joseph 434,458,482 Justin L. 461,474 «t Morrill, 92,492 Rev. Mr. 401 Roby, Luther 428,429,463,484 545 546 Rodgers, James 'l56 Samuel 156 Rogers, Arthur 515 G- VV. 347,353 Josiah 341,606 N. P. 473,474 Capt, Richard 133 Maj. Robert 52,133,189 195,351 Samuel 245 Rolande, Jonathan 54 Rolfe Family, 685-86 Abiel 366,388,389,605 Benjamin, Esq. 100,102,104, 107,113,143,144,145,146,149,150,153,155,156,175, 182,209,213,216,220,222, 226,227,24336,24732, 513,51534,555 Mr. Benjamin (1) 236,270, 306 Mr. Benjamin (2) 306 Daniel 140 Capt. or Esq. Henry, 68,76, 83,87,89,911,94,95,96 97,98, 99, 102,102-5,108,109,115, 124,140,141,144,553,555 Henry 389 Paul 309,326,339,556 Nathaniel (1) 154,184,270, 339,563 Nathaniel (2) 466,468,482 Rollins, E. H. 469,490 Rowell, Christopher 392,529 Ira 406,469,544,605 Ross, Levi 270,525 Reynolds, or Runnells, Isaac 529 -Mr. 378 Samuel 54,68,78,124-140 784 INDEX TO NAMES. Runnells, Capt. Samuel 348 Runlet, L. 482 Russ, John 182 Elizabeth 258 Russell, Edward 341 Elijah 311,323 Jason 484 Rev. Joshua T. 605 Mary 393 Rutter, Rev. Mr. 352 Ryder, Rev. W. H. 616 Safford, W. B. 476 Salem, slave, 250 Sampson, slave, 252 Sanborn, B. W. 490 Heraan, 499 James 393,606 John 206 Sullivan H. 494 Sanders, Nathaniel 54,68,79, 90,124-140 Sargeant, Dorcas 600 Eppes 600 James W. 5'0 Jonathan, Esq. 500 Philip 482 Saunders, John 54,58 64 [See Prop. Reel 68.71,78 John, jr. 54,67,68,77,88, 105,124-143 Savory, C. E. Il Co. 490 Sawyer, Joshua 408 David 402 Scales, 478 Rev. James 144,176,605 Rufus D. 500 Scihigar, Thos. 54 School lot, 80,112,122,124 Searle, Rev. Addison 377 Seavey, Shadrach" 463,514 Sewall, Rev. Jotham 591 Esq. Samuel, 63,83,440,553 Shannon, George 265 Shapley, Hannah 353 Shattuck, E. 457 Doct. Geo. C. 1)1 Shepard, John 432 Col. 256 Shepperd, Capt. John 191 Samuel 176 Sherburne, Capt. John 432 Sherman, Capt. John 49 Rev. John 404 Roger 404 Shipley, Capt. John 55, 58,64, Prop. Rec. Jonathan 67,66,78,124-140 Shields, John 476 Shirley, Alex. 266 John 266 Shu rd , of Pemaquid, 33 Shute Family, 687 Aaron 151 Isaac 300,570 Isaac, jr. * 440 Jacob 88,99,156,183-187, 210,22i%271,560,56:> John 191,196,199,258,271,559 Moses 199,453,456,463.466, 471,481,500,504,541 Gov. Samuel 53,206 Sibler, John L. 204 Silsby, Geo. H. H. 457,463 Simonds, Ebenezer 191,270 James 68,79,113,124-140 i Simonds, Nathan 68,78,80,92, J 94,97,98,109,110,124-140,545 I Reuben 191 I Timothy 222,270,271 I Simpson, Samuel 420 I Skinner, Rev. Otis A. 447 I Smart, Charles 430,432,492 J. B. 500 Smeth, Benjamin 54 Smith, Rev. A. D. 617 Alexander 266 Eleazer 500,609 Elder Hezekiah 559 Isaac 346 James 54 Rev. John 321 Joseph 353 Nathaniel 155 Zebulon 500 Snow, Zerobbabel 68,78,124, 140,543 Souther, John 323 Spalding, Isaac 593 Sparhawk, Samuel 338,347, 368,309,372,518 Hpooner, Alden 588 Stanley, Matbew 156 Stark, Caleb 337 John 189,192,195,21-5, 26734,275,283 William 189,192 Steams, Chas. H. 47734 Nathan 346 Stedman, Mrs. 100 Steel, Ezekiel 191 Steele, John H. 439 Stephens, Benj. 54-7,67,63, [Prop. Rec] 77,65,91,124-140 Or, Stevens, Aaron 113,155, 176,182,151,270 David 54 Ebenezer 54,68,78,60,87,91 92,96,98,100,124-140,206 James 54,271,409 John 244,270,272,273,277, 279,563 John, [Steven] 270 Josiah, jr. or Col. 427,428, 444,463,480,481 ,482,499, 500,604 Nathan 154,170,187 Phineas 176,270 Philip 409,424 Col. Simeon 405 Gen. Simeon 349 Theodore 244 Thomas G. 341 Stickney Family, 667-68 Dan 258,270 Rev. E. 413,609 George 533 Jeremiah (1) 102,105,106, 107,108 114,116,140, 155,174,i76,18?,209,219, 228311,538 Jeremiah (2) 549 John 397 Lt. Jonathan 25630, 312,430 Joseph P. 155,394,469515,538,649 Mrs. Mary Ann 476,490, 491 492 549 Nathan 30(i,466,480,'52l',522 Col. Thomas 155,247,257, 269,270,27 1 ,275,276,278, 280,293,304,305,323,444, 510,521,525,549 Stickney, Thomas, jr. 323, 532,533,549 William (1) 155,158,165 William (2)305,306,327,340, 342,348,363,370,403,521 Stinson, David 192 Stone, Andrew 262,293 Capt. 367 T. D. P. 170,414,433 Storan, Michael 486 Storey, Daniel 394 Stowell, John C. 457,483 Storrs, Rev. G. 413 Straw, Jonathan 560 John 191 Sullivan, Gen. John 300,302 John L. Esq. 376 Swain, Richard 610 Sweat, Benjamin 371 Moses 32233 Sarah 606 Swett, Benia 52 Stephen 354 Stephen S. 549 Sylvester, S. G. 483,490 Symmes, Ebenezer 482,484 Rev. William, 333 Symonds, David 491 J. G., 438 Taggart, James 346 Tahanto, 30,343,48 Tailer, Hon. Wm. 58,643,80 Tallant, John L. 177, 483, 499, 604 Tandy, Calvin L. 488 David 488 David, jr. 488 Taylor, Rev. William 381,610 Tarlton, James M. 446 Ten Broeck, Rev. Mr. 443, 607,608 Tennant, John 492 Tenney, Rev. Asa P. 451.452, 500,613 Eldad, 466 Rev. Samuel G. 605 Thatcher. Henry S. 47 Thomas, Rev. Moses G. 406, 409,416,421, 450, [Son George M.. 450,] 1 13 Thompson, Abiel E. 424 Benjamin, or Count Rumford, 227, 242, 248, 257333336,5; 0 Mrs. Thompson, 563 Sarah, Countess, 56332 Benjamin, Mr. 372 Charles, 370 Francis, 355 George, 434,438 James, 500 John, jr. 403 Joshua, 333,337 Samuel, 370 Thomas W., 338,343.355, 366,368,372, 373 ,515.535,605 Thorndike, Dr. 323 Thomas W. 606 Thornton, Eben 54 Matthew, 3263736 Tibbetts, Benjamin 411 Samuel, 306 Tilden, Bev. Mr. 613 Titcomb, William 52 Tomlinson, John, Esq. 148 INDEX TO NAMES. 785 Toppan, Abraham 52 Rev. Bezaleel, 59,68,80,93, 124-140 Rev. Christopher, 59,60 Samuel, 68,80,124-140 Torrey, Wm. 50,52 Towle, Eben'r S. 15732,427, 480,514 John, 176 Towne, Joseph 338 Treadwell, Thos. P. 458,482 Tripp St Osgood, ' 490 True, Mrs. Anna 461 Truair, Rev. Mr. .180 Trumble, John 271 Judah, 154,185,191 Simon, 271 Tucker, Eliphalet 320,328 Rev. Jedediah, 321 Rev. John, 232 Lemuel, 371,293 Seth, 348 Turner, Ruth 606 Tuttle, Jesse C. 590 Tyler, Rev. Dr. 381 Gen. J. S., 483 Tyng, Esq. Eleazer 5«,63,64, Prop. Rec., 80 Tytus, Timothy 175 u Upham, Ephraim 460 Nathaniel G.. 410,421,426, 433, 458,468,476,614 Urann, Jonathan 346 John, 346 Richard, 68,76,83,108,124- 140,182 Vail, Prof. Stephen M. 548 Van Buren, Vice-Pres. 415,603 Vesper, Thomas, 330 Virgin Family, 715-16 Ebenezer, 47,66,66,77,98, 103,109,110,113.117,124- 140,154,176,182,19139, 24539 Ebenezer, jr., 184,258,270 Isaac, 500 Jonathan, 330,339 John, (1) . 47,270 John, (3) or " old John," 47, 396,496-7 Leavett C, 442,607 Phineas, 189,245,270,275 Simeon, 444 William, 270 Violet, slave, 253 w Wainwright, John Esq. 58,64, Prop. Rec, 80-87, 88, 102; 112,113,131,143 Waldron, Isaac 155,176,186 or Waldeme, Maj. 25 Richard, 353,67,79 Richard, jr. 81 Walker Families. Abiel, 244,323,363,372,388. 389,390,395,397,426,482,548 Admiral H., 552 Charles, (1) 249,343,34839, 372,397,456,516,518,545, 550 Walker, Charles, (2) 456 Charles Rumford, 573 Charles W., 446,457 Ezekiel, 103,548 Isaac, 68,77,109,124-140,156, 184,191,271,561 Isaac, jr. 154 James, 257303738,306, 321 Rev. James, 605 Joseph, 250 Capt. Joseph, 387,402,536, 570 Joseph B., 121,153,470,471, 472,477,480, 481,482,514, 54236,548,573 Lucretia P., 518 Lyman A., 446,500 Samuel, 258 Rev. Timothy, (1) 95,96.97, 98,100,102,111,120,142,143,144,151,152,154,174, 213,220,231, 23439,244, 246,26830, 27537,283, 28436, (Mrs. Sarah, 511,) 513,514,519,525, 531,547,555,556,604 Timothy, jr. 156,175,183, 217,549 Timothy, (2) jr., Esq., Col., Judge, &c, 228,232,233, 24637 ,249,258, 259,264, 267,269,270,272, 273,270, 277,279,283,285, 28739, 300,302,304.305, 308,314, 320,32337,329, 337,338, 35233,514,528, 530,532, 547-9,556,563,579,605, see " Officers." Timothy, (3) 390,512,537, 548 Timothy, [of Maine,] 249 William, 156 William, jr. 449,450,452, 482,490 Walton, Col. 206 Thadd., Esq. 78 Wanuchus, " the Bridal of Penacook," 30,34 Washington, Gen. George 309 Wattanummon, 40,42 Watrous, Charles 437 Watson, B. F. 457 Philip, 235,375,393,438,470 Wayne, Gen. 309 Weare, Nathaniel 52,67,79,81 Mesheck 269,288 Peter, 206 Webster, Atkinson 403,453, 482,500,536 Daniel, 421,494,594 Enoch, 204 Ezekiel, 405 Lt. John, 154,183-19138, 512,537,557 Nathan, 91 Mrs. Susan, 478 Weeks, B. H. 168 John, 333 Welch, Samuel 245 Weld, Rev. Thomas 134 Wentworth, Gov. Benning, 1M,175,212 Lt. Gov. John, 77,7836, 22535383733,265 Paul, 476,564 West, Charles 484 Charles E.. 484 West, Edward 155 Frank S., 457 Gilman, 259 Hazen R., 4c4 Jonathan, 277 John, (1) John (2) John M., 306,323 607 457 Nancy, 477 Nathaniel, 156,185,282 Parker, 482 West brook, Col. Shad. Westilow, Rev. Mr. 608 Wheat, Joseph 354,577 Wheeler, Benjamin 396 Jeremiah, 271,320 Mercy, 524 Zenas, 564 Wheelwright, Mr. 192 Wheelock, Jonathan 473 John, (Pres.) 577,59s Whipple, B. Plummer 493 John, 433,457,477 White, Capt. John 67 Nathaniel, 449 Nicholas, 68,80,94,95,124, 130,140 Samuel, 54,68,79 William, 54,68,79,124-140 Whitcher, William 68,79,90, 122,124,140 Rev. Hiram, 447,617 Whittier, John G. 434 Whitney, [of Henniker,] 346 Whittemore, J. R. 435 James C. 461,492 Whittle, William 337 Wibird, Richard 78,206 Wickar, William 54 Wicombe, Thomas 63, 78, 90, 124-130 Wiggin, Andrew 206 Jonathan, 88 Joseph, 206,407 Sherburne. 342 Wilcox, Leonard 422 Wilder, Jos. 58,64, Prop. Rec Willard, J. 55,63,85,121 Moses T, 453 Capt. Simeon, 49 Willey, Andrew 483 Dea., 344,422, 610. 612, Mrs. Anna, 422 William, 266 Williams, Charles 457 Isaac F., 417,470,496 Rev. Nath'l W., 388, 40], 404,612 Owen, 268 Willis, Richard 268 Wilkins, Dea. Jonathan, 251, 294,337,396,605 Wilks & Partridge, 148 Wilson, John C. 457 Mrs. Mary, 511 Thomas, 271,27736,306 Winn, Edward 68,78,124-140 Winkley, David 490 Winslow, Mr. 5n Winter, C. R. 435 Winthrop, (historian,) 23 Wise, Ammi Ruhamah 68,79, 124-140 Witherell, Rev. J. F. 616 Witherspoon, Alexander 346 Wolcott, John 53 Wonalancet, 20,22,26,30,169 Wood, Amos 426,445 YALE UNIVERSITY 1 3 9002 03151 8021