^kW^YALE university LIBRPRY 111 11 fl39002035614958B I i iwu < '. f,*!' mmii':, M ¦' 'I'bijWf Ik? ¦: ¦ '"i:^H If il'llipiiH-' d^J^UyJB^/^^^M^ ^?^ iA.e^ ^i^'^i:^£^t^SM£i' £^iy CAa^r-tAd .f/^^^. -^ ^^ht^-£^9Z^ ^a''9r£C.S'^?Z^ . Antiquities Explained. Being a COLLECTION of FIGURED GEMS niuftrated by SIMILAR DESCRIPTIONS Taken from the CLASSICS. By GEORGE QGLE, Efq; VOL. L LONDON: Printed by James Bettenham^ For Cl, Du Bosc, at the Golden Head in CharkS'Sireet, Covent'Garden, M.DCCXXXVH. To His GRACE LIONEL CRANFIELD SACKVILLE Duke of Dorset, Ear J of Dorset and Mib- DLESEXj Baron of Buckhurst, and Ea- r6n Cranfield ojTCranfield ; Conftahte of Dovef-Caftle, Warden and Admiral of the Cinque-Pqrts, Custos Rotulorum of the County o/Kent, and ofthe City and Coun- tj of Canterbury, T^ice- Admiral of the County of Kent, One of the Lords of his Majefty s moft Honour ahle Tfivy Council., Knight of the moJi Nohle Order of the Gar ter ^ Lord Lieutenant-General^ and General Governour of the Kingdom of Ireland. Sir, Is H A L L need all your Grace's Humanity and Good Nature, to gain Excufe for the Liberty 1 have ta ken, in pre-fixing your Name to this Performance; whofe many Imperfedions, I am but too fenfible, will ill admit of a fevere Examination. I would plead, that it has long been the common Ufage of Authors (in almoft every Species of Literature) to feek Shelter under the Patronage of a Sackville ; could I be as certain that the Work, 1 have now the Ho nor of prefenting to your Grace, better merited your Attention. A 2 Yet iv DEDICATION, Yet Addreffes of this Kind, my Lord, are never more properly offer'd, than when direded to Perfons,- whofe known Abilities and Virtues have plac'd Them, (and plac'd Them to fliine) in high Stations; and I was unwilling to omit any Opportunity of acknowledging. the- grateful Senfe I retain of thofe Favors, cbnfer*d by your Grace, on Relations fo near to me as Brothers ; nor can I be -totally filent on the Manner in which thofe Favors were confer'd ; that Manner which makes every Favor a double Obligation ! 1 fhall not trouble your Grace, in the Way of Au thors, with a long Detail of the Pains I have taken to^ improve this -^ Colledion, I fhall only fay, ' That it fell by Accident into my Hands; That the Difficulty of Accefs to the Cabinets of the Curious, made me turn my Thoughts to the Explication of a Suite of Gems al ready publifh'd ; whofe Subje^b of Compofition brought back to my Memory many parallel Defcriptions in the ancient Claffics. As the French Edition was attended: with a very fhort Explanation, I conceiv'd it might be of Service to make fome ¦f Additions ; and, for the fake of All who are Admirers of the Greek and Roman Po ets, to infert fuch Paflages as appear'd fimilar to the. Gems produc'd. To every Quotation it was thought proper to fubjoin an Englijh Verfion, for the Benefit of thofe who are not Mafters of the learned Languages., Wherever I could meet an elegant Tranflation to my Hand, I made bold to ufe it: I am much indebted on * This Colleftion was firft publifh^d at Paris in 1732. t Whatever follows the Afterifm in each Article, is added to this Edi tion. this DEDICATION. v this Account to the Labors of many ingenious Gentlemen, whofe Works have furnifh'd me with the befl Ornaments of my Book; and 1 hope the Pleafure your Grace will receive by comparing thefe Tranflations with the Ori ginals, will make amends for thofe PafTages which I have been oblig'd to Englijh myfelf j. whenever I found Occafion to cite an ancient Author not yet attempted ; a Cafe that has happen'd but too frequently in the Courfe of this Work ! For all that regards the Collec tion itfelf, I mufl: refer your Grace to the Author's Preface. There arifes in moft People an Averfion and Preju dice againft the Study of Antiquities; and, if your Grace will fpare me a Moment on this Subjed, I muft confefs, not altogether without Foundation. But whe ther this Prepofleffion be not more juftly laid to the Charge of the Profeflbrs of this Study, than of this Study itfelf, I leave to your equal Candor and Judg ment. It muft be granted, that the Profeflbrs of this Study, generally feem to have no other Point in View, than merely to gratify a Particular Tafte, or to exercife a Kind of out-of-the-way Curiofity. Whatever the Learn ed World may owe to this Turn of Humor, (and cer tainly to this it owes the Prefervation of fo many valu able Remains) a Reafonable Man will yet find juft Caufe to condemn the Condudt of thofe Paflionate Ad mirers, who, to acquire the Charader of Profeft Anti quarians, lay out all their Time in the Search, and all their Subftance in the Purchafe of Curiofities : With out knowing, or even defiring to know, what Good They vi D ED I CATION. They may produce* It is fufficient that They have Them in their PofTeffion; They take no Pleafure in the Ufe ; whereas in the Ufe only confifts thteir true Va lue. Is it poffible for your Grace not to laugh at a Colledor of Manufcripts, who proves the Value of his venerable Parchments by fecreting Them; who gives you Perrniffion, perhaps, to look on them ; but would fooner bury than fuffei? Them to be collated? Would not our Fathers have chronicled it, as a moft fingular In ftance of Whinifical Avarice, had Stephens or Elziver, after completing their neat and beautiful Types, con ceiv'd, that a private PofTeffion of Them v^ras the beft \](q ; inftead of imploying Them to the Public Service of the Learned World, and bringing, to Light fo mariy fplendid and corred Editions of Greek and Roman Au thors ? There is a Clafs of Antiquarians liable to this or any other Ridicule; who cojled out of Vanity, and hoard out of Avarice. But your Grace will eafily al low, that the Abufe of any Art or Profeffion, is an Ar gument, relative indeed to Thofe who abufe it, but that carries no further Weight, if the Art or Profeffion be in itfelf of Ufe. That a Knowledge of Antiquities is of eminent Ser vice, towards clearing up the Dates and Fads of Hi* ftory in particular, is a Point univerfally admitted; but the vifible Ufe that has been made of them, by the two Learned Fathers who have lately publifhed the Ro man Hiftory, is an unconteftable Proof. The great Advantages that may be drawn from this Study, in order to explain and illuftrate the whole Bo dy of Claffic Authors in general, is equally evident. 4 ¦ For DEDICATION. vij For wherever mention is made of any ancient Fable, Habit, Utenfil, Cuftom, or -Ceremony, (whether Do- m.eftic, Civil, or Religious) i¥> Conjment of Words can give that S^jsfadion to the Inquifitive Modern Readier, as when He f?es the very Pidure of that An tient Habit, ^c, laid before Him. I apprehend it is much eafier to convince the Eyes, than the Ears; and fhould the warmeft and the beft Judge of Painting in England entertain yonr Grace with all the Beauties and Elegancies of Paul preaching at Athens^ he could not, I believe, leave fo ftrong and lafting an Impreffion on your Mind, as you receive from the View ofthe Pic ture itfelf, whenever you pafs the Gallery of Hampton ' Court. I inftance that Piece of ^gktsss, not only by ^ Way of Argument but with Defign, becaufe the whole Ordonance of that Campofitibn, was taken from an Antique. For I will venture to advance, in further Commen dation of this Study, that the flow Progrefs of Paint ing in thefe Kingdoms is chiefly owing to the Negled in fame, or to the Want of Opportunity in others, of Confulting the beautiful Rernains of Antiquity. Your Grace will readily recoiled, that the beft Mafters of the Flemijh, Lombard^ and Italian Schools, were equally fiimous for their Knowledge of the Antique. If we have arriv'd at no greater Perfedion in Coining, Ingra- vure. Founding, or Sculpture, I am apt to imagine the Defed arifes from the fame Caufe; but I fhall not in trude fo far upon your Patience, as to enter into a Dif- cuffion of all thefe Points; meaning fingly to confine myfelf at prefent, Xo the Article of Painting. There vill DEDICAT 10 N. There are, my Lord, many Qualities requifite to conftitute the perfed Painter. Qualities, as well natu ral as acquir'd ! Arid to many of Thefe, the learned Antiquarian can lend no Improvement nor Affiftance. A happy and copious Invention, a rich and agreable Fancy, a bold and fublime Genius, are Talents, the Gifts of Nature. By Obfervation and Experience, the Artift may acquire the neceffary Skill, in the Mixture and Union of his Colors, and in the Caft and Diftri bution of his Lights and Shadows : Hence he may give the proper Strength, Heightning, Sweetnefs, Round- nefs, Life, and Spirit to his Figures. But in Matter of Dejign^ your Grace will grant me. He muft perfed Himfelf in the School of Antiquity. Where can He learn ajufteror finer Air for his Heads, a more fuitable Adornment, or a more beautiful Difpofal of the Hair ? And as the Ancients were inimitable in their Manner of Defigning their Heads, fo were they equally fuccefsful in their Arms, Hands, Legs, Feet, and other Parts of the Body. Their Attitudes are always well obferv'd; Their Pofitions well maintain'd; The Afpeds of their Figures pleafing ; and their Adions graceful. Here He will find the true Decorum of Compofition; where every fingle Part, from the admirable Difpofition of the Whole, preferves a diftind and proper Charader. What Choice of beautiful Faces, what Variety of per fed Forms offer themfelves to his Imitation; whether; He confults for fingle Figures, or Groups of Figures ? The fame Store-houfe furnifhes him with Plenty of all that is requir'd, for the Ornaments of Habits, or the Folds of Draperies, whether he feeks the eafy and 4 the DEDICATION. ix the natural, or the graceful and noble. He will ne ver meet, but in the Remains of Antiquity, or in the Works of his PredecefTors, who made Antiquity their Study, DrefTes fo becoming, fo artfully difpos'd, or fo richly ornamented. The fame Argument defcends even to Landfkip ; where can he better apply for the Decoration of Temples, Monuments, Porticos, Thea tres, Columns, Trophies, &'c. proper to fill and adorn his Pieces ? Your Grace will naturally objed, that fome excellent Mafters have fail'd arriving at the utmoft Perfedion, from a too paffionate Admiration, and too clofe Imi tation of Antiquities. It is a Truth not to be contefted. To this exceffive Fondnefs may be attributed the Dry- ^^ and Stiffnefsi obfervable in fome Performances of Mantegna. Cosimo is equally blameable, for the fantaftical Humor he fhows in moft of his Pieces ; tho' it muft be allow'd he drew the Idea of his Satyrs, Fauns^ Sphinxes, HYt>RA, and the whole Rout of Bacchana lian Figures, with which He crouds Them, from the Ancients. Testa's fervile Application to this Study, and to the wildeft Parts of it, was undoubtedly the Caufe of all thofe Extravagances, which good Judges difrelifh in his Compofitions. And had not the cele brated Poussine, been fonder of imitating the Color of Antique Marble than of Living Nature, he had me rited the Tide of a Second Raphael. But then, my Lord, you know, on the other Hand, that nothing was wanting in Titian, that excellent Co- lorifi-i requifite to produce the Firft of Painters, but the fingle Knowledge of Antiquities, May not his hir- B corred- X DEDICATION. correBnefs of Dejtgn be attributed to this fingle Neg led ? And has not Correggio the fajne Fault ? And is not that Fault owing to the fame Caufe ? Is it poflable to fuppofe, that Correggio would have left his admi rable Works fo unvaried arid unpeopled, (if 1 may ufe the Expreffion) had he confulted the Antiques ? He had not been then at a Lofs to fill his Paintings, with a gvQO.^ ttt Fariety oi Attitudes., and a. hotter Choice oi I^^f^res. I hope I have your Graced Approbation or Indul*- gence to this AfTertion, and that ybu will admit the Argument to be fairly ftated on both Sides. My only Intention was to fhow, that as Some have mifGarriei from too clofe an Application to the Alitiilue;^ fo, Others have fail'd from a Contempt of that Study. 1 would not recommend the Extreme either of the One or the Other; but propofe, as Examples only fit for Imitaticai, fuch Mafters as have been judiiiicHJl enough to follow the middle Way. Among Thofe who form'd their Tafte and Defign after the Antique, yet with a pro^r Seafoning of Life and Nature, Your Grace will readily acknowle4ge Signorelli, Caravaggio, Vaga, iJi-dosMj^ Vico, Saochi, and Salvator Rosa. Michael ANGE-LO.transfer'dlrongi Antiquity many of the beft Figures in his Lajl Judg ments It is another Quefbion, whether Heathen Figures were properly introduc'd on a Chrifiian Syftem. From Antiquity Raphael borrowed the wonderfiai Choice of Attitudes fo admirable in his Performances. The moft happy Compofitions of Paul Veronese were not exe cuted till after he had ftudied Rome. Every one knows what Original produc'd the celebrated Europa of Gaisov 2- The DEDICATION: xi The Works of Julio Romano are fo full of Learning, that they may be call'd the Treafuries of Antiquity. Luc^ Giordano, almoft the laft of Painters, fell, tho' late, into the fame Trad; and the Knowing can eafily dif- tinguifh the Pieces, he attempted before he quitted Na ples, from Thofe he finifh'd after he had feen Rome. Nor ought I to omit, in this Illuftrious Lift of Anti quarian Painters, Carlo Maratti, from whofe hourly Examination of the fineft Statues, Pofterity will be ever delighted with thofe perfed Forms, and graceful Airs, fo remarkable in his Compofitions, I had almoft for got that the celebrated Rubens, was fo curious andin- duftrious a Colledor that his Cabinet is faid to have been fold for no lefs a Sum than ten Thoufand Pounds. A Study produdive of fo many, and fuch pleafing Advantages, I fay, my Lord, the Study of Antiquities, will never pafs for Ridiculous or Unprofitable in your Oj^inion, when apply 'd to a Reafonable and proper Ufe. It is evident from the Pradice of the moft accom- plifh'd Mafters, that to this They ow'd great Part of their Succefs. And it is expeding too much of Nature and Genius, to fuppofe we fhall ever arrive at their Perfedion, without Calling in the fame Affiftance. It might as reafonably be expeded, that we fhall live to fee an excellent Epic Poem, the pure Produdion of fome Author of this Age, who fhall never confult Milton., Tajfo, Virgtl and Homer-, further I cannot go, tho' I am apt to believe, with Horace^ that there were Poets before Homer., and that He was too wife, not to imi' tate Them. This we certainly know, that Virgil ju dicioufly introduced in his Poem the moft ftriking B 2 Beauties xii DEDICATION. Beauties of his PredecefTor; that 7i^^ was no way fparing in Copying Both ; and that all Three lay open to the Search of Milton ; for tho' his great Genius/ur- nifh'd Him with the fublimeft Ideas, He thought it no Derogation to imbelifh his Divine Poem with what ever he faw Beautiful in other Produdions; that is, whatever he knew was Beautiful in Nature. The Man ner in which He introduces, the Pofition in which He places, thc Light in which He fhows, whatever he copies, gives it as Original an Air, as if He had been the fble and firft Dejtgner. There is but one Objedion left to combat, and that purely National. Our Tafte of Painting is generally confin'd (or has been fo of late Years) p Portraits, or fingle Figures. This changes nothing of the Argu ment: For let Us but confider, the fingle Manner and Stile of Sir Peter Lely, we may eafily difcern, that he form'd and fafhion d Himfelf in the fame School; and caught from Antiquity, that Eafe and Variety of Pofture, that Freedom and Loofenefs of Drapery, fo fuperior to Moft who have follow'd Him in the fame Trad of Painting. I thought to have ended here, my Recommenda tion of the Antique, and my Intrufion upon your Grace. But my Fellow-Laborer in this Work, is more folicitous, my Lord, to vindicate his Art from Contempt, than I am to defend the Study of Anti quities. He begs me to. add, that fome of the moft accomplifh'd Mafters of the Pencil, were not unam bitious of Exercifing the Ingraving Tool; That, among the Colledions of the Curious, there are ftill extant, feveral DEDICATION. xiii feveral well efteemed Prints of Mantegna, Raibolini, Durer, Battista Franco, and Lucas Van Leyden; That, there are others of confiderable Value, by the Hands of Parmegiano, Castiglione, Cherubino Alberti^, Antonio Tempest a, Van-Dyck, Pietro Tasta, and Claude Lorrain. It is lefs to be wonder'd, if Thofe of Salvator Rosa and Carlo Marratti are thought ineftimable, who were known to be profeft Admirers and Imitators of the ancient Manner. And for a Proof, how well thefe Sifter-Arts accord together. We need go no further, (in the Grotefque Way) than to inftance the double Performances, in Painting and Ingravure, of the Ingenious Ho gart. But he is not more folicitous for the Honor of his Profeffion than for the Defence of the Manner, he has follow'd in the Execution of thefe Plates prefented to your Grace. He prefumes that this Kind of Ingra vure with Aqua-fortis, and which is commonly call'd Etching, has always obtain'd and preferv'd, from its firft Introdudion to this Time, the particular Efteem and Regard of all true Lovers of Dejign. For in this Manner is to be found a Delicacy of Stroke, and a Liberty of Hand, not to be attain'd by the other Kind of Ingravure. It is this free and eafy Manner which makes Us admire and value the Prints of thofe famous Painters Guido and Carracci, which they etch'd with their own Hands. And he foretels, that the fame fimple and natural Stile will equally recom mend to Pofterity, the Compofitions of Remons La Fague, which are executed with fuch Facility and 3 Judgment, xiv DEDICATION. Judgment, that they feem defign'd and finifb'd al moft at a Stroke. And yet He prefumes to infift, that this light and eafy Manner of Ingravure, is much more difficult and hazardous, than the round and finifh'd. In the Firft, whofe Figures are defcribed by fingle Lines, the Ar tift gives us a fairer Opportunity of Examining and Judging the Truth and Proportion of Parts; whereas in the Latter, which is artificially heightned and im- bofs'd, our Attention is drawn afide, by the Flattery and Deceit of Lights and Shadows; and the falfe Agreable, which ftrikes us at firft Sight, prevents us from entring into a more minute Examination, and from Faffing a more rigid Cenfure. He has but one Indulgence more to ask; He ap prehends that fome of the Figures here produced are not every where free from Defeds and Difproportions ; but He hopes fome Allowance will be made for fuch Faults, as upon a nice Examination, may be found owing to the Boldnefs of the original Artifts, or to the Injury of fucceeding Times. He thinks, he • would have given a jufter Caufe of Complaint, had he taken the Liberty to reform and amend Them. Truth and Similitude is all his Aim. And furely, had your Grace imploy'd a Painter to copy fome ex cellent Piece of Rubens or Raphael, you would hardly excufe his Changing the Face, or the Attitude of any Figure, upon Pretence of making This more Corred, or That more Beautiful. This is thc Whole I have to fay, t® induce your Grace to a favorable Opinion and Perufal of this Per formance; DEDICATION. xv formance; and whatever Reafon I may have to fear the Succefs of my Defign; I have no Apprehenfion, my Lord, that the Tenor of my Addrefs will difpleafe you, tho' it be rather a Preface than a Dedication. I know your Modefty would rather fufTer any Subjed than that of your own good Qualities; nor dare I prefume, a Private Perfon, to take upon myfelf the Commendation of that Integrity and Benevo lence, which is the Subjed of a whole Nation. I fhall only fay ; That to have been long intrufted with the Reins of Government, is a fingular Mark of Royal Favor; but to have gain'd and kept the Hearts and AfTedions of thofe you govern, a vifible Proof of Per- fonal Merit I am. My Lord, Tour Grace's moJi obligd^ And moJi obedient Serva?it, George Ogle. T H E PR E FAC E. 7* is nQt my Dejtgn to compofe in this Place a Hijiory of Antique Gems or Ingravd Stones ; Ingravure^ with all the other Liberal Arts, -owes its Rife to //5e j^lgyptians; From the .^^gyptians it pafsd to the Grecians, who carried this Work to its high ejl Excellence ; Tihe Romans at Length received It front the Grecians ; But the Grecian Mnjlers have ever pre- fervd over the Roman, a Superiority in Tajle and Execution. The Age of Alexander produced a Pyrgotoles, and the Age of Augustus a Dioscorides, whofe Compofitions, in this Kind, will always fiand for the Models of PerfeSiion. Ignorance triumphed for fome Time, under the Em pire of the Goths /a^W Vandals; And the Liberal Arts may be faid to have touched. upon their Ruin', They fiood upon the very Brink of Eternal Oblivion, when the Pon., tificate ofL e o the Tenth, faw the Arts and the Sciences revive at one Inflant. An j^raof Time illiiflrious for Great Men in every Branch of' Learning I Then They Jbegun to open their Eyes upon thofe' Mafier-pkCm of An- b y^Mquity, TivBi The PRE FACE. iiquity, that ftill ful fifiedi, and itis upon thefe excellent Models, tQo long negleBedi that the firfl Good-Tafle was formed; Vale rio de Vicenze about this Time wrought upon Stones with Infinite Succefs, i^otwithjianding the Lojf&s We have receivd, Ctofpeak- of the Gems in Particular) the Remains are not incon fiderable. We have yet Abundance of thefe Mttk Pieces tn our Poffeffion. For this Species of Antiquities pre- fervd l^hemfelves better than any Other -, Their Smalnefs and Solidity laid Them lefs open to the Injuries of Time. The frequent and different Ufes, to which They were dph- fliedi 'whether in Rings^ in Seals, or other Ornaments, made Them neceffary, and their exquifite Beauty, made Them valuable. For the natural Splendor of fhe Stone, and theadditional PerfeBion ofthe Work prefent, at one- View^ two ObjeBs of Ajdmiration^ As to the PerfeBion ofthe- Work, it is by fo much the more wonderful, as the Execution is the more diffi cult. The Operator purfues his Operation through the Shade (if I may Vfe the Eicprejfim) of a thick Night. He is not permiitedto fee the EffeB of his Touches, at ihe Time that his Touches gi^e Life to the Stone. He cannot fo much as Judge of the Progrefs He makes, but by, confulting, almofi'at every Stroke, the Imp^eJfions of the Wax-, Thefe are the only-Eyes that give Him Light ^Q examinQ his Berf6rmanee^ ThsWhokofhk Defign- mufi The P R 1 F A C E. xlif Tmifi mdsffarilyhmie heenfinifi>dmdpf*e*deiermifidi af ttra:ffmfiex:£^ and contife Manner, in his Imagination^ fince He has no other Guide tofolh^i but^ thai ariginid IJm in the, aBual Comfe of hit Labor » M^i tJm Ehiffimlty of the Execution dimm^m Nothirig of thur PerfeEMom Thefe little Pieces are equalf in all P-ai^tkjdars^ /a the fimefis. Statues^ of Antf^ityt. They hcme>i liejixiesr..this Merit peculiar toTh&n%', I mean the' Famlity^ wkh which They midtiply Themfelves by alinofl an: Infinity of Imprefffons:. How great the Convenience thatarifiSi-Jy^omthisfinglearcumflance, to the Curious f Hxm. gpeat' the Utility to the Learned f Comprised in thefe-FiguredV-olumM^is to be found Ail that regards th& FaBls^:or: the Hiflory.^. theCkfioms or the Habits, the Ge^ remonies or the Exercifes of the Ancients. They give Us to kfioWi^ as- might' bie^faidy , bySighti, the Faces- and the Fea tures of: thofe, great P erf onages^ whofe^CharaB€rs and^ Ac tions arealre^adypaintediaTtd^defc-ribed bythe Hifiorians. Iid.are,adi>anc& in further Commendation- of the Gemi^ thapThey pr.eferve a more perfeB Likenefs than the' Medals,, caft to reprefent the- fame Heads. The- Relief of the: I^.ravld-Stones is- more confiderable, and the Lineaments more diftinB:;, Theykanye defended to Us with? hfs Alteration tha!^^ thofe: Pieces of Metals often • worn, disfigured or eaten up with Riifli Nor- is It to he wonder 'di that the Relief of the Gem is moreff-efh cmdi lh^ly> thantheMelief of the Coin. The Concavity b 2 of xi The P R E F A C E. of the Ingrdv d-Ston^fcreens the Rilief from the Cor ro-^ fion that damages the Medal. The fame advantageous'- Situation defends It from Rubbing, and confequendy from^ Wearing', for no FriBion can take Place upon a Figure- that is quite intrench d' and interior . The very Ltcifion of the Inftrument that produces the One, is fufceptible of a more beautiful Detail, than the Mold or the Balance of the Minter. The Medals enjoy but one Advan tage over the Gems-, and That confijh in.. their Legends or Infcriptions,. Tet what Pleafure- may the Curious'^ draw by comparing^ and explaining the One by the Other, ^ whenever He would af cer tain a true Eikenefs to either' Gem or Medal f What-ShtisfaBion. more complete than. when He can join the exaB'Refemblance of an Ingravd-^ - Stone, to the Hiftorical Proof of a Legendary. Coin f- The Curious of the firft Note in all Age f have paid a ^ due Regard to thefe ineftimable Pieces. The Search They • have always made after Them.f is a fuff cient Teftimony. ¦ The Firft that affembled. What We call a Cabinet at Rom^ was S c a u r u s, Son-in-^Law to-S y l l a. Pom- - PEY the Great among other rich Donations, confecrated^ tq the Capitol,- the Cabinet- of Rings taken fram ^M i- t h R I D A T E s : A ColleBion^ according -to V a r r o and other Authors, greatly preferable to That of Sca u r u s. In Imitation of this famous Conqueror^ C ;/E s a r,- then > DiBator, dedicated to the Temple- of Venu-s Gene-- 3?Rix, Six Tablets filled with Rings. And to conclude ^ Marcellus,,, The PREFACE. xxi Marcellus, the Son o/"Octavius, depofited a fine Cabinet in. the Temple 4 Us of the Names of the Artifis, but was calculated to fhew the different Manners, of thofe ancient Mafters. , To istd^icf) are Jubjoin d, in the Explication, wjs at ever Par ticulars, are , extant .concerning^ their I^ives, But the Ifi- gravure of thjts Work is too Siiff, and, High ; Loaded andFinift^dtofuchExcefs', th0 the,Co^ deviates as triuch from the Purity as from the Size of the Original, The Men o f, X ^ ^ ^ u e. wlllfoon.findjampleConfolafiqn^ in the Appearance of a complete, SmMc of one, of. the fineft Cabinets in Europe, They will acknowledge in. thefe. exaB Copies the Beauty of their Originals. It would be fuf ficient to recommend , the Merit of that Performance, if th^ Modefiy^ of the Author wiouM permit Me .to mention his Name. I am however thus far ..Happy, that J haue this Opportunity of preparing, the World for, the Expec- * Images des Heros defllnees par J. A. Canini, &gravees par Picart le Romain, ^c. A.Amfterdajn 1731. tation The P R E F A C E. xxiii tation of fo valuable a Perforinakcei ^ut I fhould be ¦doubly Happy if my Own could claim the fame Advaf^ tage. I muft confefs the Honor that has been done Me hy fome great Mafters, who have not refus d fometimes to affift Me in my Undertaking. I thought it not prudent to omit any Occafion that gave Me an Opportunity of Approaching more nearly the Beauties I meant to copy. There remains rio more for Me to fay, than jufl ta give an Account of my Prdpofal in this ColleBion. I have touch d none but the moft beautiful Piecesy that ei~ ther never yet appear d, or appear d in an unbecoming Drefs. I know that I have given fome Few, that with very Uttle Variation are ingraved in other ColleBions ', But the beft Variation in Pieces of fuch Value, feem'd, in my Opinion^ to merit a more particular Attention^ I could have Been glad on the Occafion to fatisfy the Curious, by notifying, hofh the Species of every Stone, and the Cabinet from whicP It was taken-, but as thefe Ingravures were not wrought after the very Gdms, but Impreffions of thofe Gems, it was not pofftblefor Me to judge of the iluality of the Stone: To fay more of my Defign, in the Choice I made^ the PerfeBion of the Work was principally confider d; and the Preference always paid to the SubjeBs of Compofition ; that iSy to thefigurd I Gsm ^xiv The P R E F A C E. Gems rather than the fingle Heads. But I thought It a Matter of Importance to give their jufi Dimenfions', whether by defcribing their intire Form, when the Plate permitted Me, or whether by giving the two Diameters, 'when the Gems exceeded a certain Size. I judgd this ^he rather neceffary, becaufe oftentimes the fame Defign appears in two Stones of unequal Volume, or if not the fame Defign, differing only in fome minute Circumftance ; And in either of thefe Cafes, the Curious may eaftly affure Himfelf of That which ferved Me for an Original, 'by confronting the very Gem, its Impreffon, or Print, with the precife Magnitude of that which I follow. THE x^^5^ ^^mmm^. ^^^^ TABLE OFTHE GEMS contained in the Firft Volume. PLATE I. iEptune leaning on his Trident. II. Neptune, Venus, and C u.p id. IIL Apollo the Pythean. IV. Diana, with a Hound, ^c. . V. Mars paying Court to Cupid. VL Mars, Venus, and Cupid. VII. Mars, Venus, and Cupid. VIII. Mars, Venus, and Cupid. IX. Mars, Venus, and Cupid. c X. Bacchus, xxvi TABLE of the GEMS. X. Bacchus furcharged with Wine. XL Mercury, Vialis. XIL Mercury and Venus. xin. Vulcan, Venus, Cupid, and a Satyr. XIV. Vulcan, Venus, Mars, Cupid, Mercury. XV. Venus, Anchyses, and Cupid. XVI. Venus. and Cupid. XVIL Venus and Cupid. XVIIL Venus and Cupid. XIX. Venus and Cupid. XX. Venus and Cupid. XXL Venus and Cupid. XXIL Venus and Cupid. XXIII. Venu's drying Herfelf; XXIV. Venus TABLE of the G E M S. xxvii XXIV. Venus with her Looking- Glafs. Venus and Cupid. XXVI. Venus, Cupid, and a Satyr. XXVII. C u p I D and a Butterfly. XXVIII. Venus and Cupid. XXIX. Cupid, two Fauns, and Priapus. XXX, Venus, Bacchus, CJupiD, and three Fauns. ' XXXI. ' Hercules with his Club and Lion's Skin, XXXII. Hercules and A^t^-us. XXXIII. . Hercules and Cerberus. XXXIV. Hercules chafing the Stymphalides. XXXV. Hercules fupporting the Glob^. XXXVL Hercules aM two Cupids. XXXVIL Hercules and O m p h a l e. c 2 XXX Via Hercules, xxviii TABLE of the GEMS. XXXVIII. Hercules, Lycus, and Megara. XXXIX. loLE or Omphale. XL. Hercules refting from his Labors. XLL Ganymede and the Eagle of Jupiter. XLII. Ganymede a Hare, and the Eagle of Jupiter. XLIII. Hebe and the Eagle of J u p i t e r. XLIV. Hebe and the Cup of Jupiter. XLV. - A Panthean Figure. XLVI. Salus, or the Goddefs of Health. XLVII. The three Graces cloath'd. XL VIIL The three Graces naked. XLIX. A Satyr, with the Crotalum. L. Silenus on his Afs with three Fauns., CONTENTS ffi CO NT E N T S OFTHE EXPLICATION OF THE GEMS CONTAINED IN The FIRST V O L U M E. CONTENTS of ARTICLE L Eptune leaning on his Iricknf.} Neptune often reprefented in this Attitude. Homer's Iliad men* tion'^d. Quotation to this Purpole from the Odys sey. The Tranflation by Mr. Pope. Of Nep tune's Trident ; Its Power of Raifing Storms : Paffage from the Odyssey; Engliflied by Mr. Pope. Power of the Trident in laying Storms ; Virgil cited; the Verfion by Mr. Dryden. The Trident of Neptune made of Brafs ; Proof taken from Orpheus j tranflated by the Expositor. The Vafe or Ure, au. Emblem of Neptune and other watry Deities. CON-^ tKX CONTENTS CONTENTS of fl. •NEPTUtiTE and' Venus.} Venus remarkable fqr ker Gaflajn- tries ; Eryx, the Son of Neptune and Venus. Eryx ever- come by Hercules. NESP-T^isrE r^^arkable for his Amours ; Proof from Ovid's EpiflJe of Hero to Leander ; tranflated by tjie Exi»osiTOT3».. -f - CONTENTS of III. APOLLO FiS^or qfitbe,- Serpent Python.] Difficulty of this Entepprife ; Quotation from the Me;tamorphoses of Ovid,; Tranflation by Mr. Dryden. Ofthe Pythean Games inftituted by Apollo, according to HYeftifties of the Romish Pfeoplt. Beauty of the Executioh, fSv. The Gem ih the Pofllffioh of Monf. L. C. D. C. The Defign of the Pidce ; illuftrated by a •Qiuotktion from on6 of Lucian's Dialogues. CONTENTS of VI. Mars carejjing Venus.] Venus covers herfelf with the Shield of Mars ; her other Hand holds his Sword. Cupid ftanding by Venus ; Paflage frome an Ode of Horace, tranflated by the ExptjsiToR ; From LeoniDAS, tranflated by the Expositor ; the Latin Imitation of Nat ales C<)me« infott^ : Epigram of Leonidas or AntipateR j engliihed by the Ex positor J imitated twice in Latin by Ausoniu,s ; Parody of Mr. Prior. CONTENTS of ViL V:eNUS leaning on the Shield o/'MaRs.] Emblem of the Pbvrer of Beauty ; the fecond Ode of Anacreon inferted ; tranflated by the Expofitor. CONTENTS of VIII. Mars, Venus and Cupid ftanding.l Why reprefented na ked ? Reafon given by a Latin Poet tranflated by the Ex positor. 4 CO N- ixxii C O N T E N T S of CONTENTS of IX. Venus detaining Mars from the Wars.] The Refemblance between this Gem and a Medal exhibited by Angelini and Trktan ; on which, Mars is drawn to reprefent, Aurelius; and Ve.nus, Faustina. Cenfure of thofe that imagine Mars was fatyrically defigned to reprefent the favourite Gladiator of Faustina. The Subjedt of this Gem illuftrated from Lucre tius ; Part of his Invocation to Venus inferted; the Tran flation by Mr, Dryden. r . CONTENTS of X. ; Bacchus Reeling.] His Thyrfis and Veftment carried in a difordered Manner; A Copy of this Gem; Bacchus repre fented with a naked Breaft, according to Hyginus. Pichire of Bacchus overcharged with Wine in the Thebaid of Statius ; The PafTage inferted and tranflated by the Ex,positor. CONTENTS of XI. , M.'E.SiC-u-R.Y Jlanding near a Column of the High-Way.] Whence call'd ViALis ; His Image erected in Suburbs, as the God of Travellers, according to Phornutus. Of the Caduceus and Talaria of Mercury ; Defcriptions from Homer and Virgil ; tranflated by Mr. Pope and Mr. Dryden ; Virgil improves upon Homer in the Article of the Caduceus. -yvi :i-, - ^¦'.' _- • . . ' ,, ' ' CONTENTS of XII. Mercury and Amphitrite or Venus.] The Caduceus - ;, J '0 and The EXPLANATION, xxxiii and Purfe two Emblems of Mercury; Fifhes equally Emblems of Venus and Mercury j Venus rofe from the Sea ; Mer cury was the Inventor of Fifhing-nets &c. Mercury invoked by Oppian in his Halieutics. The Pafl&ge inferted ; tranflated by Mr. Jones. Derivation of the Name Mercurius ; Of his Talaria ; of his Caduceus, and Petafus, or Galerus; Fulgen- tius cited by Rosinus. Of Mercury's Purfe ; which he feems to offer to Venus : Mercury the God of Merchants and Mariners j Epigram ofSiMONiDES on Bodion and Py- THiAs, two Lucrative Courtezans; Tranflated by the Ex positor. CONTENTS of XIII. Venus at the Forge of Vulcan, a Cupid and little Satyr.] Vulcan makes Arrows for Cupid. The Poets and Painters make Vulcan employ his Art on the moft unfuitable Occafions. Venus in the ^neid ingagcs Him to Furnifh iEneas with Arms, who was her particular Son by Anchises ; The Paflage inferted at Length; with the Tranflation of Mr. Dryden. A Greek Epigram, on the Lamenefs of Vulcan, tranflated by the Expositor. CONTENTS of XIV. T'he Forge of Vulcan.] Venus and Mars prefent ; Mer cury at one Extremity, who feems to demand Thunderbolts for Jupiter ; Mercury no Enemy to the Amours of Mars and Venus : Pafl'age inferted from the Song of Demodicus in Ho mer ; tranflated by the Expositor. Statius commended for avoiding the Impropriety, of which Virgtl is guilty, in the Paf- fage inferted in the foregoing Article ; Statius cited; tranflated D "by xxxiv CONTENTS of by the Expositor. Ode of Anacreon', applicable to the Sub- jeft of thefe Two Gems, inferted; trahfkted by the EicposiToK. CONTENTS of XV, Venus and Anchises.] ^neas, the Produce of this Amour; Venus delivered of Him on the Banks of the River Simois-, X^iRGiL quoted; tranflated by Mr. Dryden. Anchises, Son of AssARAcus ; ftruck blind for having revealed his Intrigue with Venus; Virgil quoted; tranflated by Mr. Dryden. Jupiter infpired Venus with a Paffion for Anchises, according to Ho mer or Cyn^thus of Chios; Quotation from the Greek Hymn, attributed to Homer and CYN.ffiTHOSy tranflated by Mr. Congreve. -A Detail of the whole Amour of Venus and An chises drawn from feveral Paflages of the fame Hymn ; trans- kted by the fame Hand. Critical Obfervations on this Hymn ; ift That it is introdudEory to the Subjeft of the .^neid ; 2d That Virgil has thought fome PafTages of It worthy his Imi tation ; 3d That the Author agrees with Thofe who maintain that iEneas refettled in Asia, and never croffed to Italy ; 4th That from the Regard paid this Hymn by Virgil, and the O- pinion of Thucidides Who quotes it for' genuine; We may more reafonably conclude that It was wrote by Homer, than by Cy~ NiETHUs of Chios or any odier Author ; to fey nothing of thq^ Stile which is purely Homerican. CONTENTS of XVI. Venus holding in her Hand the Torch of CupidJ The At tributes of Cupid, finely mytholog^z'd by Propertius j an entire Elegy of that Author inferted,, with the elegant Tranflation of Major Pack. CON- The EXPLICATION. jcxxv ' CONTENTS cf XVII. Venus holding in her .Hvx^, whence Cupid's Miftrefs was call'd Psyche. Bas-Releif, and Sepulchral Urn, exhibited by Peter-Zantez Bertoli, where Cupid is reprefented embracing PsYCHE,Who is drawn with the Wings of a Butterfly. Reference, concerning the Fabulous and Mythological Senfe of the Amour between Cupid and Psy che, to the Explication of the XCVIIIth Figure, which will be prqduced rti6 EXPLICATION. xxxix pfodUCddln th.t SkondyofuHi^ o^this CottE-cirrPisf. Cuprc ifl his tTivine Conteittilrlatbrl fits' in Triumph oil his Mother's Sheli. Thfe Shell, aftfibitted to ViTNtts, by Tibullus, and SecujJdusj the ;Paffages inferted ahd tvanflafed by the Expositor. Whence the Ancients attributed the Concha tO' Venus ; Reafon affigned by FulgenT^ius, as cited by BR:auKuiu£f. CONTENTS of XXVKL Venus giving her Breaft to Cupid.] An applicable Epigram inferted from Meleager, and tranflated bythe Expositor. C O N T E N T S of XXIX. Cupid teaching the Fauns to play upon the Flute.] The Subjed, to fhew that Love humanizes the moft Savage. Illuftrated by the Third Idyllium of Bion ; The Tranflation by the Expositor. CONTENTS of XXX. Venus, Cupid, Bacchus and three Fauns ; two ofthe Fauns playing on Mufical Injlruments.^ The Defign of this Gem taken by Raphael, and preferved tjy Cardinal Polignac. The Sub jed, reprefents the Unipn of Love and Wine and Har mony; An Ode of Anacreon on a fimilar Occafion inferted. andi tranflated by the Expositor. CONTENTS of XXXI. H-erCuiles 'vi>ifh fhe' Spoils of the Nemean Lion.] AcGOwnt or the Birth of Hercules ; The Refentment of JunO; and; his Sub- fementy to Euristheus. The twelve principal Labors impos'd 4 upon xl CONTENTS of upon him, compriz'd in as many Greek and Latin Verfes ; the Greek extraded from the Chiliade of Joannes Tzetze§ ; trans lated by the Expositor. The Detail of his firft Labor, (His Killing the Numean Lion) drawn from that Idyllium, atrributed by fome to Theocritus, and by Others to Moschus pr Bion ; The Tranflation by Mr. Creech. Critic on Mr. Creech's Ver- fification ; That his Standard of Perfedion was Mr. Cowley ; That Mr. Cowley's Meafure is lefs harmonious than Waller, Fairfax, Spencer, Drayton and fometimes Chaucer. CONTENTS of XXXII. Hercules prefjing Antaeus to Death.] The Hablature of ANTiEus inferted from the Elder Philostratus; tranflated by the Expositor. Account of this Combat by Lucan in his Fhar- falia ; the PaflTage inferted and tranflated by Mr. Rowe. ^ ' CONTENTS of XXXIII. Hercules chaining Cerberus.] Minerva affifted Her cules in this Expedition ; Proof from the Iliad of Homer ; tranflated by Mr. Pope. Account of this Enterprize from the .^NEiD of Virgil ; the Tranflation by Mr. Dryden. Defcrip tion of Cerberus in the fame Author; the Verfion by the fame Hand. CONTENTS of XXXIV. Hercules fubduing ^/&^ Stymphalid^e.] Lucretius cited; tranflated by the Expositor. The Teftimony of Pausanias after Pisander. PaflTage from Apollonius tranflated by the Expositor. The E X P L I C A T I O N. xii Expositor. Of the Inftrument called "the Crotalum] various Opinions ; the Teftimony of Suidas, and the Scholiaft of Aris tophanes. Reference to Figure XLIX. The Mythological Senfe of this Fable. CONTENTS of XXXV. Hercules fupporting the Globe for Atlas.] Account of At las ; anAftronomer. Atlas turned into a Mountain; Ovid, cited; tranflated by the Expositor. Hercules a Difciple of Atlas. Carracci took from this Gem his Hercules Farnese, The 1'ablature of Philostratus introduced,, and englifhed: by the Expositor. C O N T EN T S of XXXVI. 'Rercxj LES fubdued by Cupid.] A parallel Gem inferted front Beger. An Epigram of the Greek Poet GemInus cited'; tranflated by the Expositor. Another of PhiliPpi/s; tran flated by the fame Hand. A fimilar Gem, from the Flore?itine ColleBion. The Tablature of Philostratus, intitled Hercules among the Pygmies,, introduced and englifhed by the Expositor, CONT ENT S of XXXVII.' Hercules crowned by the Hands of Iole or Omphale.] Hf.r- cuLES, Inftitutor of the Olympic Games in Honor of Pelops; Pindar's fecond Olympic Ode quoted" engliflied by the Expo-. Sitor. Horace imitated this O^^ of Pindar. Of the Olive Grawn m.ihe Olympic Games. A Temple inRoME confeisrated to Hercules OEivARitrs, Hercules clowns, himfelf; A Paf- — ^ - - - , ^^ xHi CONTENTS of fage from Statius Inferted, tranflated by Mr. Harte. Of Wreaths ufed by the Ancients in their Debauches of Love and Wine. The twenty firft Ode of Anacreon inferted ; tranflated by the Expositor. Of Iole ; her Power over Hercules. Paflage from Ovm's Epifiles cited, englifhed by the Expositor. CONTENTS of XXXVIH. Hercules refcuing Megara out of the Hands of Lycus.} Hercules defcends to Hell ; Lycus feizes Megara; Her cules returns ; recovers his Wife ; and puts Lycus to Death. A Gem of Beger's upon the fame Subjed. Beger fuppofes it a Satyr on the Emperor CoMmodus ; His Explication refiited. The Satyric Species rarely ufed in antique Gems or Medals. Plan of the Firft, Second, and Third Ad of Euripides's Furious- Hercules. Part of the Chorus of the Third Ad inferted; viz.. the Firfl, Second, Third, Fourth, Strophe ; Antifirophica, Strophe & Antiflrophe ; tranflated by the Expositor. Plan of fomfr Scenes in the Second Ad of Seneca's Hercules Furens, extraded from Brumoy'^s ^theatre des GrecSy to fhew in what Point of Light this Figure is to be taken. CONTENTS of XXXIX. Omphale cr Iole drejl in fhe Arms g^ Hercules.} Seve ral Gems on this Subjed ; Reference to Agostini, and the Florentine Collection; Of 1he Wives and Miftrefl^es of Hercules j Megara, Deianira, Omphale, Iole, Auge, Astedamia, and the Fifty or Fifty-one Daughters of Thespis; Ovid cited and tranflated bythe Expositor, Of Omphale, brandifhing the Qub of Hercules ; a Paflage from the JE^iftJes of Ovid^ CBgliftied by the fame Hand, XL, Her- The EXPLICATION. xliii CONTENTS of XL. Hercules repofing after his Labors^ Emblems of Hercules in this Figure. The Sword; the Club; the Lion's Skin ; the Bow ; the Hefperian Apples; the Head of the Erymanthian Boar; and a Sphinx, with a Greek Infcription. £;arracci's Imitation of this Piece in the Palace F<7r«^.. Of Hercules's Sword j Euripides cited i A Paflage, from iht Argonauticon of Valerix! 9, Flaccus, inferted and tranflated by the Expositor ; His Club and Lion's Skin explained in the XXXI Article ; Of the £ry- manthian Bo3.r ; a" PafTage from the Par alipomenon of Quintus Calaber, inferted ; and tranflated by the feme Hand. Of the Hefperian Apples ; a PafTage from the fame Author, tranflated by the fame Hand; another Pafiage from the Chiliad of Tzetzes, tranflated by the fame Hand. Of the Sphynx ; an Emblem of Wifdom ; of the Valor and Pradence of Hercules j His twelve principal Labors; HisConflid with Ant^us; His Relief of Atlas; His Conquefts over BusiRis, Theodorus, Laomedon &c. Dio dorus Siculus gives an hiftorical Account of his Adions. The Sphynx attributed to him in two Chian Coins publifhed by Beger. Remark of the Commentator on the Odyjfey. Of his Bow and Arrows and the Gravity of his Perfonage ; A PafTage inferted from the Odyjfey, tranflated by Mr, Broome. Reference to the XLIII and XLIVth Articles. C O N T E N T S of XLI. Ganymede borne anlsay by Jupiter in the Shape of an Ea^e\ The Story as related by Ovid in his Metamorphofes, tranflated by the Expositor; as related by Homer in hi.sHymn to Venus, tranflated by Mr. Congreve. Reference to the XLIId Article. E 2 XLII. Gany- xliv C O N T E N T S of CONTENTS of XLH. Ganymede, leaning againjl a Column. The Levret in his Hand, and the Hound at his Feet; Emblems of a Sportfman. Paflage from the Fourth Book of Yirgil's Mneid inferted, tran flated by.Mr. Drydew. Of the Birth of Ganymede ; Paflage from the Twentieth Book. of Homer's Siad, inferted, tranflated by Mr. Pope; The Rape of Ganymede, fuppofed to be the Ad of all theGods; Reference to the XLIIId. and XLIVth. Ar ticles. . ' ^' CONTENTS of XLIIL Hebe caring Jupiter in fhe Shape of an Eagle.] Hebe^ the Goddefs of Youth; Ganymede preferred before her; one of jhe Motives of Juno's Refentment againft jEneas; Paflage from the Firft Book of Virgil's Mneid, inferted ; tranflated by Mr. Dryden. Doubts upon the Subjed of this Gem; whether the Artist defigned Jupiter under thatDIfguife; or whether he meant to reprefent the Domeftic Familiarity of Hebe, and the Eagle of Jupiter, the firft being the Bearer of his Bowl, the laft of his Thunder. Defcription of the Percnos or Eagle of Jupiter inferted from the Twenty-fourth Book of the Iljad ^ tranflated by Mr. Pope.. • CONTENTS of XLIV. Hebe alone, Jlanding and bearing the Cup of Jupiter.] Of Hebe ; Whofe reputed Daughter; Juno's, according to Servius upon Virgil. Jupiter, for her Beauty, prefers her to be his Cup-bearer. .Vulcan fupplies her Place in the Firft Book of ¦ Homer's The E X P L I C A TION. xiv Homer's Hiad ; The PaflTage inferted; tranflated by Mr. Pope. Hebe the Daughter of Juno fingly; according to Pindar; A PafTage from his Fourth Iflhmien inferted ; tranflated by the Expo sitor. Hebe the Wife of Hercules ; the Marriage folem- nized in the Apartment of Jupiter. Homer makes Hebe the Daughterof Jupiter, as well as Juno ; PafTage from the Odyjfey inferted, tranflated by the Expositor. Hesiod fays the fame Thing in )ais 'Theogony. The PafTage inferted; tranflated by Mr. Cooke. Pausanias calls Hebe, the Daughter of Jupiter fin gly ; PafTage from his Attica inferted, tranflated by the Exposi tor. Of Hebe's Degradatiouj and Ganymede's Promotion ; Servius, upon Virgil, cited. Variation of Authors upon this Head. Homer, in his Hymn cited in the XLIft Article, gives the Adminiftration of the Bowl, to Ganymede ; and again in thofe Lines in the Iliad quoted in the XLIId. Yet we find Hz be, pouring oiit Nedar to the Gods, in a full Affembly, in the Fourth, Book of the fame Iliad ; The PafTage inferted; tranflated by Mr. Pope. Commentators fuppofe, that Ganymede waited on Jupiter, and Hebe on the Inferior Gods ; Pafl&ge from Pau- SANiAs's Corinthiaca, in which Hebe and Ganymede are de-. fcribed as one and the fame Perfon, inferted, and tranflated by the Expositor. Hebe, in the Fifth Book of the Uiad, heals the Wound Mars received from Diomed; PafTage inferted; tranflated by Mr. Pope. If Hebe and Ganymede are the fame, there needs no further Explication of the XLIIId Figure. Pafl"age from the Firft Nemean of Pindar, reprefenting Hebe in the fame Atti tude, , inferted ; tranflated by the Expositor. CONTENTS of XLV. A Va^trma^ Figure.] An Emblematical: Figure, to fliew " that Valpr joined with Prudence produces Abundance." A £ Pafl&ge 3tlvi C O N T E N T S of Paflage from Horace's Epifiles, inferted and tranflated by the Ex^ positor. C O N T E N T S of XLVL T'heGoddeJs of Health.] Called Salus by the Romans, and Hygiea by the Greeks. Her Temple at Rome mentioned by Livy; The Paintings there, by Pliny. hPcean in Honor pf this Goddefs inferted and tranflated by thc Expositor ; this Pcean wrote by Ariphon and preferved by At hen.® us. The Symbols of this Goddess explained in the LXXVth and LXXVIth Ar ticles. ' CONTENTS of XLVH. ^be three Graces cloathed.] An ancient Piece of Painting re prefenting the Graces dreffed j found at Rome in i668 and en graved by Bertoli. PafTage from the Baetica of Pausanias inferted; tranflated by the Expositor ; Another Paflage from the Eliaca of the fame Author, tranflated bythe fame Hand; An Epigram-of Secundus introduced j englifhed by the feme Handj The Ode of Horace, where he invokes the Graces: to defeend, .Solutis Zonis, applied to this Figure, the Verfion by the fame Hand C O N T E N T S of XLVIIL "The three Graces naked.] Of the Origin and Number of thc Graces ; different Opinions of Authors, according to Pausa- NiAs ; A Paflage from the Batica of Pausanias, tranflated by the Expositor. The Works of Hermesianax, Antima- =chus, Onomacritus and Pamphus, extant in the Time of Pausanias, but fince loft. Paflage from the Iliad of Homer, 3 relatmg The EXPLICATION. xlvii relating to Vulcan's being married to one of the Graces, in ferted, tranflated by Mr. Pope. Another Pa^ge from the feme Book of Homer, relating to the Love of Somnus for Pasiphae one of the Graces, inferted, tranflated by Mr. Pope. Paflage from the T'heogony of Hesiod, tranflated by Mr. Cooke. The Hymn of Orpheus or Onomacritus, on the Graces, inferted, tranflated by die Expositor. Of the Vafes in this Gertr ; vi^he- ther to contain liquid Odors or Wine. That the Graces were not averfe to Revelry; Teiftrmony of Horace; and Anacreon, Part of An acreon's Eighteenth OdelnferteA; tranflated bythe Expositor. Horace accufes the Muse^ of the fame; Paflage from one of his Epifles inferted,, tranflated by the feme Hand. Digreflion on the Maids of Honor belonging to the Court of Henry the Eighth. Daily Allowance of a Maid of Honor m that Reign. Epigram of Leontius on the naked Graces of Smyrna introduced and tranflated by the Expositor*. C O N T E N T S of XLIX. An old Fawh playing on the Crotalum.] Reference to the* XXXIVth Article. Beger gives a different Defcription of the Crotalum. As likewife Montfaucon. That the perfed Crota- hm refembled the modern Bag-pipe. Proof from the Copa, a Poem attributed to Virgil, inferted ; tranflated by the Expositor. Further Proof, from Apuleius inferted, tranflated by the Ex positor. An Inftrument produced by Montfaucon nearly re- fetnbllng this Defcription. Of the Crotalum made fingly of Brafs j Reference to the Paffege from Apollonius quoted in the XXXIVth Article. Of the Crotalum made fingly of Reeds ; PaflTage of the old Commentator, on Aristophanes, tranflated by the Expositor. Of the Fauns ; Reference to the Lth Ar ticle. Paflage of Silius Italicus, relating to the Tail of a Fawn, inferted and tranflated by the Expositor, L. A xlviii CONTENTS of C O N T E N T S of l: '^A Bacchanalian.] Of the Fawns, the Satyrs, the Bacch i» and SiLENi, in general ; of the Fawns in particular-* Of Sile^ Nus; His empty Vafe, defcribed by Virgil, in his Sixth £f/og-^^, tranflated by the Lord Roscommon. A Parallel Defcription of this Proceffion, taken from the Fourth Book of Ovid's Metanmr~ phofes, tranflated by Mr. Eusden. Of the l^yrfsy Reference tq the Xth Article. Of the Ferula of the Romans, and the Nar-^ thex of the Greeks. A Greek Proverb. Ode of Anacreon, in which he profefTes to imitate Silenus, inferted and tranflated by the Expositor. The Difference between a Fawn and a. Silenus, oy THE EXPLICATION. L EPTUNE leaning on his Trident. * Tho' Neptune is mcwre fir^quently reprefented in hisChariot and on the Ocean) He appears fometimesonLand* The Poets as well as Sculptors agree to place Him in this Attitude. For not to mention that Pafla^- in the I l iad, where he is defcrib'd as furveying at a Diftancc the For tune of the Fight between the Greeks and Trojans, Book 1 3th J we find Him again in the 5th Book ofthe B Odyssey, (2) Odyssey, infpeaing the Voyage of Ulysses, and taking his View from theSoLYM.ffiAN Mountairio. r ev ^' .'.'.''• ^- '"'•'-''' ' '^VOTiz^uv, r^Xckv CM -ZohviJbuv ^^uv «^ev «cog dvjiov di^av ; To Venus arm'd, Minerva boafting cries; " Thus let us ftrive; tho' judg'd by Paris' Eyes." When ftrait the Goddefs of the Sports and Wiles , Returns, (her Words accompany 'd with Smiles) " What Slaughter muft infue when Arms I wield ? " I, that vv^hen naked, drove Thee from the Field," Ausonius has imitated it in Latin. The learned Reader will excufe me if I give Him this Opportunity of comparing it with the Original. Armatam viditV Eti erem Lacedcemone Pallas, Nunc certemus, ait, judice vel Paride. Cui Venus. Armatam tu me, temeraria temnir: ^ce, quo te vici tempore, nuda fui ^ Ausonius, ( '4) Ausonius, it may be fuppos'd, was not intirely fa- tisfied with this Imitation ; becaufe He has given an other in thefe Words. Armatam Pallas Venerem Lacedamone vifens, Vifne, ut judicium fic ineamus? ait. Cui Venus arridens, ^id me gale^ita laceffts? Vincere fi pojfum nuda, quid arma gerens ? The Critics will perhaps agree, that the firft Diftic of the firft Imitation, and the laft of the laft, are the moft elegant, and join'd together make a complete Tranflation. Thefe Epigrams (with thc fecond Ode of Anacreon) gave Occafion to the excellent Parody of Mr, Prior, which tho' a little out of my Subjed, I cannot forbear tranfcribing in this Place. The Trojan Swain had judg'd the great Difpute; And Beauty's Pow'r had gain'd the Golden Fruit; When Venus, loofe in all her naked Charms, Met Jove's great Daughter clad in fhining Arms. The wanton Goddefs view'd the warlike Maid From Head to Foot, and tauntingly fhe faid; " Yield, Sifter; Rival, yield: naked, you fee " Ivanqulfh: Guefs how potent I fhou'd be; " If to the Field I came in Armour dreft; " Dreadful, like Thine, my Shield, and terrible my Creft.** The Warrior Goddefs with Difdain reply 'd; Thy Folly, Child, is equal to thy Pride: Let a brave Enemy for once advife, And Venus (if 'tis poffible) be Wife. Thou VII ( IS ) Thou to be flrong muft put off every Drefs: Thy only Armour is thy Nakednefs : And more than once, (or Thou art much bely'd) By Mars himfelf that Armour has been try'd. VIL Another Gem of the fame Subjed, but treated in a different Manner. In This, Venus fupports herfelf on the Shield of Mars. ^ What has been offer'd in the foregoing Article, may ferve to explain This, whofe Defign is expreffive of the Power of Beauty. We may look upon it as a Draught of the Encomium Ana creon paflcs upon Beauty in his fecond Ode. 'OTThdg ^' 'i^uKiv 'I'^TTOig' HooukHw Xetyuug' Asifff"! x^'^'f^ o^onuv' Te7g ix^v ''* j'*"' (p^pov yiy-iv £(p' vypfm 'hS'- iTT dTret^va, ydiavr dy>ci, 'zsyolvig dvifMio' "EiKiTO Q pdQS'oy Tfj T dv^Pfov ofAfJi^d^a, B-'iKyjH - 'Oji-WiKst, THg,^' dvTi ii vTrvaovjag iyn^et' "llto iJi.tTdx^f^ iX^V 'zs-'trrito jcpdr^'A^yutpefltig': Alil^a, ^' d^A T^dllw Tt !^ 'E}^h.riaJTOvlov 'Uctn' B^^' iivat iClipai dTVYiTripi ioiKug TlouTov virWTyit TSTrt^x^pu^dr?; '¦^Qri. Iliad. L. VIII. Ver. Zj^^- The God obeys, his Golden Pinions binds. And mounts incumbent on the Wings of Winds, That high thro' Fields of Air his Flight fuftain. O'er the wide Earth, and o'er the boundlefs Main: Then grafps the Wand that caufes- Sleep to fly; Or in- foft Slumbers feals the wakeful Eye j Thus arm'd, fwift Hermes fteers his airy Way, And floops^on Hellejponf^ refounding Sea. A beauteous Youth, majeftic and divine. He feem'd;: fair Offspring of fome princely Line,^ PoPBi - XII. Mercury, ( 22 ) X1I.= Mercury, and Amphitrite orVENus. Mer cury in one Hand holds his Purfe, and his Caduceus in the other, his two Attributes. At the Top, and at the Bottom of this Gem, are reprefented two Fifi:>es. Perhaps to denote the Sign of the Zodiac, alluding to fome Particularity of the Subjed, of which I am igno rant. ^ Venus it is well known. Was fuppos'd to rife from the Sea; the Fifioes therefore are proper Emblems of Her. Nor are They lefs proper to M e r c u r y, who was the GodofArts, and the Inventor of all the Tackle us'd hy Fifhers. For this Reafon Oppian ad- drefles Mercury in his Halieutics; particularly in that Part where He defcends to the diftind Arts of Fifhing, invoking his Affiftance. " ^ 'Epfieia, rv Si fjuoi 'srcur^uU ^ipretrt ^ZFcuaatf Alyicxa, aipSiTcv ev dv^-^uTroio^i voiffMC ^ouvi Tt, Kj g-yifjucuvt, Kj d^X^> vvo-inm doiotjs 'iSvvav' BaXdg q "sriPiirtrovoodv d?^i^&iv 'Avrog dya^ 'srpcoTi'r©^ ifi^crito, ii rix^ dypvis Uavjolfit ivi(pyivobA iTT Ix^vo'i HTJ^ccg vCpeuvcov. Jove's greatest Son, whofe partial Cares demand Superior Honors from my native Land, Hermes! Where Gain invites, infpire the Lay; Thro' Neptune's Deeps your Golden Wand difphy, Defcribe the Courfe; and point the doubtful Way. Whate'er fuccefsful Arms the Fifher knows, N,ew from your Mind in fair Ideas rofm You ^^^'^'-S^^ "^^ XII ( 23 ) You firft the fcaly Fugitive confin'd, Form'd each Machine, each various C^ affign'd. Jones. R o s I N u s cites F u l g e n t i u s, to fhewthat the Word Mercurius is deriv'd from Mercium Cura; that the Ancients gave Him winged Sandals, to defcribe the Expedition of Commerce. That his Caduceus exprefs'd the Profit, and the Damage receiv'd by Traffic, emble matically figur'd in the Conjundion of the Sceptre that beftows, and the Serpent that wounds. And that He was painted with a Hat on his Head (his Petafus or Galerus) in Allufion to the Secrecy obferv'd in the Mer cantile Way. Mercurium dici voluerunt, quafi mercium cur am, pennata Talaria, quod negotiantium pedes ubique- pergendo quafi pennati fint :' Virgam ferpentibus nexam, quod mercatoribus det aliquando regnum, ut fceptrumy et vulnus, ut ferpentium : Galero cooper to capite pingi' tur-i quod omne negotium fit femper abfconfum. Mer cury's Purfe is a proper Emblem ofthe God that pre- fided over Merchants and Mariners; the Attitude in which He ftands, as prefenting it to V e n u s, who feems alfo to fet no fmall Value upon her Perfon, may ferve to introduce the Epigram of S i m o n i d e s, on two lu crative Courtefans, Bo/^JOi' dv^ijTp'ig, ^ TivdiciS «¦'« "STor' i^a^ctt, 2oi KuV^i Tdg ^Mvag Tdg re y^aipdg idarctVo "'SifjiTrtpt, X. (popTYiyi, rl (ro9 iSaXdfjiov olatv Koti ¦aroSgv at ^«y«t«, % ¦?!re5gy ol TurlycLKii. Bodion and Pythias fbnd at Venus' Shrine; Fam'd Beauties, both; but Beauties in Decline! g. Her ( 24 ) Her Pidure, Each fufpends; and Each, her Zone: Merchant and Mariner! To Thee long-known. ' Zones, fo well wrought; and Pidures, drawn fo well! Whence came They? Ajk thy Purfe! Thy Purfe can tell. XIIL Venus at the Forge of Vulcan, a Cupid and a little Satyr. * Vulcan feems here imploy'd in making Arrows for Cupid; Anacreon has an Ode on this Subjed which fhall be inferted in the enfuing Figure. The Poets as well as Painters are not always favorable to the Pains-taking Deity. He is often reprefented as furnifhing Arms againft Himfelf It feems an odd Requeft that Venus makes Him (in V I R G I l) to fabricate invulnerable Armor for .^ n e a s ; Her Son of Love, by Anchises. It wanted all the ftrong Colouring the Poet has beftow'd on that Paf- fage, to take off the Impropriety of the Demand. Ergo eadem fupplex venio, et fanBum mihi numen ArmajTogo, genetrix nato: te Filia Nerei Te potuit lacrymis Tithonia fieSlere conjux. Afpice qui coe ant populi, quce mcenia claufis Ferrum acuant portis in me, excidiumque meorum. Dixerat et niveis hinc atque hinc Diva lacertis CunSlantem amplexu mollifovet: ille repente Accepit folitamfiammam, notufque medullas Intravit calor, et labefaSia per offa cucurrit. Nonfecus atque olim, tonitru cum rupta corufco Ignea rima micans, percurrit lumine nimbos. Senfit lata dolis, et formee confcia conjux. 2 ^ " With XIII ( 25 ) " With humble Suit I alk thy needful Art, " ,0 ftill propitious Pow^r! O Sovereign of my Heart! " A Mother ftdnds a Suppliant for a Son: " By Silver-footM The tis wert Thou won " For fierce Achilles; and the rofy Morn " Mov'd Thee with Arms her Memnon to adorn. " Are thefe my Tears lefs pow'rful on thy Mind? *' Behold what warlike Nations are combin'd, " With Fire and Sword my People to deftroy, " And twice to triumph over Me and Troy." She faid ; and ftrait her Arms of fnowy Hue, About her unrejohi'ng Hujband threw; Her foft Embraces foon infufe Defire, . His Bones and Marrow fiidden Warmth infpire ; And all the Go^e^A feels the wonted Fire. Not half fo fwift the rowling Thunder flies. Or Streaks of Lightning flafh along the Skies. The Goddefs pleas d with her fuccefsful Wiles, And, confcious of her conc^rvcvg Beauty, fmiles. Dryden. Tum Pater ceterno fatur deviSius amore : ^id caufas petis ex altof Fiducia cefiit ^0 tibi. Diva, mei f Ef nuncfi bellare paras, atque h(ZC tibi mens eft, ^licquid in arte mea pojfum pr omittere cura, ^od fieri ferro, liquidove potefi eleSlro; ^antmn ignes, animceque valent; abfifie precando Firibus indubitare tuis. Ea verba hcutus. Opt at OS dedit amplexus, placidumque petivit Conjugis infufus gremio per membra fopor em. " Then thus the good old God, (footh'd with her Charms, " Panting and. half dlffolving in her Arms:) E " Why { 26) " Why feek you Reafons for a Caufe Co juft, " Or your own Beauty, or my Love diftruft? " For if You now defire new Wars to wage, " My Care, my Skill, my Labor I ingage; " Whatever melting Metals can confpire, " Or breathing Bellows, or the forming Fire, " I freely promife; all your Doubts remove, " And think no Talk is difficult to Love.'" He faid ; and eager to enjoy her Charms, He fnatch'd the lovely Goddefs to his Arms; Till all infiis'd in Joy, he lay poffeft Of full Defire, and funk to pleafing Reft. Dryden. There could not poffibly be drawn a jufter Pidure of domeftic Life. Honeft Vulcan is always the Burgo- mafter of the Farce. It cannot well be otherwife ; if we believe the Greek Poet. 'XieV ix^g Toy ' EpuTet, VvvdinoL ^\ t^v 'A(ppo^iTtiv, OvK daiKcog, XaAxsw, tov txto^o, x'^^^v £;^«r. To ftate the Ills of thy domeftic Life ; Love, thy Son, and Beauty, is thy Wife. When fuch a Son, and fuch a Wife, we name; Who wonders, Vulcan, that thy Foot is lame ? XIV. Anpther ofthe fame Subjed; But of a Grander De fign: Venus and Mars at the Forge of Vulcan. At one Extremity ofthe Piece, ftands Mercury; He comes to demand Thunder-bolts for Jupiter. ^ But Mercury, is defcrib'd by Demodicus, in Homer, as ( 27) as no great Enemy to the Amours of M a r s, and Ve nus, whofe good Underftanding feems to have fallen into the Sculptor's Defign. 'Epfiflw ^ -srpotriHVlv dm^ Ajo$ viog 'ATToAAai', 'EpfjL^et Aug jji ^idKTCfii, ouit^ idav. 'jJ^dxiv CV ^i(r[Ao'iiri .9-eAojff K^ATi^oiri TsruS-eig "Ev^eiv CH hii(.TpoKri t^^ X^"-"^ 'a^^oVit^; Toil d\^ ^fieiQer iTTStTO, Sidx.Tsp(^ ' K^yet^onnig, Al yd^ tS-h '^oi-n dva,^ 6»«6t^SoA' A^oAAov" Aea-f^ei [MV Tfjig Tvoffoi djrei^ovsg, di^(^tg £;^fl«y, 'Xfieig efl' eiiropcuTe ^-goi, 'TXtS/rou Tt ^icciveu, Ao'ra^ kym ivooifit '3r^ Xf^'H 'a^^o^It^. To Hermes then, the God of Day began; Say, Meffenger of good Events to Man ! Much as You honor the fair Cyprian Dame, Wou'd You, to fhare the Pleafure, fhare the Shame? Like Wretched Mars, to reap her Golden Charms, Bound wou' d Tou lie, tho' bound in Venus' Arms? " Ah! Yes! Fair Son of Jove, (the Youth reply 'd) " With Chains on Chains inextricably ty'd, " Tho' all Olympus gaz'd, one common Eye, " Tho' all your Gods, your Goddesses ftood by, " Like Happy Mars, to reap her Golden Charms, " I wou'd lie bound, if bound in Venus' Arms." The Impropriety of the Requeft, which Venus makes Vulcan in the Quotation from Virgil, in ferted in the preceding Figure, is avoided by Statius in his Thebaid on a lefs important Occafion with great Delicacy. E 2 Talem ( 28 ) . Talem divina Mulciber arte Ediderat: nondum radii s monfiratus^ adulter Fceda catenato luerat connubia leSio. His Art Divine, here, Mulciber difplay'dj E'er yet the * Lover, by the Sun betray'd, Severely fuffer'd for Adult'rous Stains, And juftly wail'd the Bed involv'd in Chains. The Cupid, that appears with his Arrows, newly forg'd, in the preceding Gem, and the Venus and Mars, that are reprefented in This, may receive fome Illuftration from the following Ode of Anacreon, which is notthe leaft agreeable of that Author's Compo fitions. The Poet lays the Scene of this Ode, in the fame Place; that is to fay in the Forge of Vulcan. 'o dvri^ 0 Tjjjg KvB-j^^rjg, Ua^ ATjfivicug ^.ftftiyotg, Ta, (iiXri -to, r 'Epcotuv E7roi{ Xafiuv / efl' cu/tS 'sr^OTrdpOiB-i Aicg B-vyaTvip 'Acpps^iTt], 'napU-ivj) dS-pi-^ryi ptiyiSl^ >i «^@^ oi^olyj, M.yjpiiy THaQ'/jCTHiv cv o(p3-a,Xptoiiri vorjcrag. Ayxiiryig d^ opocov £(p£jt^67a S-cuifjicuyiy Ti Etocg Ti ptiytB-og Ti it eif/.,ata inyaXoiVTct. Hi'^Xov piiv yct^ 'i, Acq fii fJt^ Tpditrinv d^iTT^tvi ifif^iveu avS^. TIoiH (5" ^(TOTrlffa 3'ctXi^cv yoyoVf durd^ if* doTov Afipov 'iviaetv ^ opdv efires. Refilllefs Love invading thus his Breaft, The panting Youth the Smiling Queen addrefs'd, " Since Mortal You, of Mortal Mother came, " And Otreus, You report, your Fathers' Name; " And fince th' Immortal Hermes from above, " To execute the. dread Commands of Jove, " Your wond'rous Beauties hither has convey'd, " A Nuptial Life with Me henceforth to lead : " Know, now, that, neither Gods nor Men have Pow'r ** One Minute to defer the happy Hour; F 3 " This (36) " This Inftant will I feize upon thy Charms, ** Mix with thy Soul, and melt within thy Arms. ** Tho' Phoebus, arm'd with his unerring Dart, •* Stood ready to transfix my panting Heart; " Tho' Death, tho' Hell, in Confequence attend, " Thou fhalt with Me the Genial Bed afcend." Congreve. Or as the Author of the Hymn expreffes it ; *Q,g eiTrSTo, Bid yXvKuv 'ipti^ov 'iy.,Qa,XXi S-vf^S. ' Ayxj,(Tlui ^' "ip@^ i7Xiy 'i7r@^ T "i] "EpTTi fitTcio'iiri, Ti]6^areig o^iay ptdXct yd^ B-ioei}CiX@^ Wcu' A^etg 0 duTixd vty -aroTt '''lAtov ^ytpboiosrav: Hv ai Ttg eipijTcu a KeLTei^yjjTuy dvB-puTruy, H Tig CO I (plXoy vicy \izro ^wji B-ira pt^Tt]p, TcS^i (TU fjLv^Ht^ pjbifJt,vyifJbiv(^, ug en H,iXdju' ^airiv TOI vvpb^tig Kei,XXvKU7n^@^ tyfoyov eiycu, A; TOTE vcuiTdmriy o^(^ KctTUei/i^oy vX^, E< Si x,iy g£«T»jff ii 'iTrdj^icu dcp^ovi B-vptS, 'Ey (ptAoTJjTt fji^iylujcu 'iv <^i, but bitter Draught; If He the Pow'r, that Earth and Heav'n commands. Your * Grandsire, at your Pleafure, fuppliant ftands : Conquest, my Little Guard, fhall join our Side, And Cyprus triumph in the Spoils of Ide. A Hundred Altars fhall at Paphos rife. And Pallas yleld^ and Juno yield the Prize. Sterling* XVllL Venus feated, Cupid ftanding before Her; He feems to demand his Bow, which She had taken firom Him. ^ Cupid was not fo ftridly obfervant of his Mo ther, but that She was fometimes oblig'd to difcipline Him. Take her own Words, as Apollonius Rho dius makes her fpeak, in that Part of the Argonau tics, where Juno and Minerva follicit Venus, to imploy her Son, to infpire Medea with the Love of J a s o N. * Jupiter. XVIIX ( 47) "^Hptj 'A^ijyedfi ts, -zsriB-HT^Klv 'v[*fM pAaXi'^ot, '^H 'tfA.oi. 'Tfjteiuv ydp dvcuS^Ttf lin^iBvJi Tut6>i y euSug tra-iT 'ty 'optpAaa-iv dardp e/*«* oJx oGtTctt, f4,dket S' a^ 't(/afieuvuy dSt^J^ei, Keu S^ et fAtyli]Vet -srtfj.Oj^oiAiyt KetxaTrfTi AvTotTiv Tc^ota-i ^MTtiX^Ag d^&i oi'i'iig. *Afi(pciSl)lv. ToTerev yd^ 'f;n),7reiXricrt X'^^'P^^S Ei jttjj tjjAb^* X^t^h '«'*'? tTiB-vpiov 't^VKH E^a 'tfiag, (JkiTivstTa, y dTipii(^otptIiv eoj dvrf^. She fpoke; and Cytherea ftrait reply 'd, Lefs in my Influence, than your own confide. For tho' Audacious, He may ftill revere. Or Juno's Sceptre, or Minerva's Spear. To Me, my Son no juft Obfervance pays. But oft difputes my Will and dif-obeys, Ev'n here as late my Mandate He withftood, (While Rage effac'd all Tendernefs of Blood!) To curb and punifh the Licentious Bey, His Bow and Darts I threaten' d to deftroy; And feiz'd, in ASi to break, the hurtful Store t Loud rav'd the Boy, too infolent before. " Your Hands (He cry'd) from Thefe my Arms reftrain,' " And be advis'd; e'er all Advice is vain! " By PafTion, blinded;, by Revenge, mifled; *' The Wrong, will but retort upon your Head. Lucian, in his Dialogue of Venus and Luna, makes Venus fay in the fame Manner. " Forgive " Him, Luna, He is a moft ungovernable Boy. " What Injuries has He not done even Me, that am hi& " Mother ? Now driving Me to Mount I da for the Sake 6 "of ( 48 ) of T R o J a N A n'c h I s e s! And now again to Mount L I B A N u s, for the Sake of that * A s s v r i a n Youth, for whom He alfo rais'd a Paffion in Proserpine; defrauding Me by thofe Means of Half of my Defire. Provok'd at this Ofage, I have often threaten'd Him, that unlefs He behav'd Himfelf with more Refped, I would break his Bow and ^ iver,' and clip his tVings. Already I have given Him fome Corredion; and taking Him on my Knee, chafiizd Him with my San dal. But whatever Marks he bore, of my Refent ment; whatever Fear He fhe w'd; whatever Supplica tion He made ; on thefe Occafions : I know not how it happens, but the promis'd Reformation efcapes his Memory in an Inftant." "^ct. sySmg -u^Lt^Yig ki-/ s[j.s ' y2v dvTS r^yv pii^Ts^x oTu isS^a- Ksv ; ui'Ti yJv, sg t/j'j 'I(^>jv. zxtixym, 'k^x^a'd svsy.ci tS 'iXisug, d§TL S' sg TOV M^oLvov sttI tov 'Acrovfiov, shspjo ixsl^uhlov, o t^ tyj UsfO-s(pdT]rj STTS^dg-ov Tioiy^aug, f'| YjpiLasicig dcpsiXsTo fxs tov s^ooy^svoy o^ TU vfls^u. ^$yj is }^ 7r?jjydg uvtu svstslvu sig Tug T^vydg rsj (ray- idXu, 6 is, iK oW OTtug to ttuoqcvtikoi isiiug }c, UsTSVuv, ysT oXiyov sTTiXsXrj'^ui dirdvjcfjv. XIX. Venus, Having juft receiv'd the Golden Fruit from the Hands of P a r i s. ^ Venus is not improperly reprefented, as partici pating the Glory ofthe Conqueft with her Son; if we * Adonis. confider XIX ( 49 ) eonfider the Quotation from Silius Italicus, infert ed in the XVIIth Article. CoLUTHus, in his Rape o/* Helen, defcribes Ve nus more particularly careful ofthe Difpofition of her Hair, as Mercury conduded Her, with the other Goddesses, to the Judge appointed by Jupiter. €i.g 0 fiiv 'E^ptdavi wctTijp 'tTtTtXXt Vi^tviut. AvTdp 0 webT^uiftrtv 'i(pfi[jto? { JO ) X«^ Sr 'ihApj(}^ ijiXt^a,y 'E^uTvXog ^Su ^aeiyei. The Bath, that here prefumptiidus feems to rife, Zeuxippus! view not with difdainful Eyes ; The Oppofition charms Us from afar : So little Cupid fits his Jpacious Car. Cupid, in this Figure, attends the Bathing of his Mother; Marianus has left Us the Following Lines, on a fimilar Subjed. MtjTi^ct KvTTPty 'iXovTiV ^E^ug "sroTt Tmdt XoiTpm, AtJTog v7ro(pXi^cig XapiTrd^t KctXoy lou^. J^pug ^' d[jL<^^i(rloio %o5«? Xi'^S, dptpnya Xivaoh ''l^cKTi, cptv, 'sryoiijg oojov dvijipiv ai^r EtSiV dit po^oios-uy dvct^etovirtv dvTfiyjV, *ilg iTt T^ff X^"'^'*1S Xovcpitvog IIct;s, As { 62 ) As in this Bath Love wafh'd the Cyprfan Dame His Torch the Water ting'd with fubtle Flame. The while his bufy Hand his Mother laves, Ambrofial Dews inrlch the Silver Waves; And all the undulating Bafon fill : Such Dews! As her Celeftial Limbs diftil. Hence how delicious float thefe tepid Streams? What Rofy Odors? What Nedarean Steams? So pure the Water, and fo foft the Air; It feems as if the Goddess ftill was There! It is not improbable, but that fome fuch Reprefen tation as appears in this Figure, might have furnifh'd the Poet with the Idea of this little Epigram ; which Wc are inform'd was made upon a Bath, call'd, the Bath XXIIL Venus ftanding. She holds a Piece of Drapery in her Hands with Defign, as it feems, to dry Herfelf * Antiquity, to fpeak of the Poets as well as the Artifts, is rich in Reprefentations and Defcriptions of the Bathings of Venus. With great Propriety, the Father of the Poets, makes That her firft Care, before She fallied forth upon her Amour with Anchises. The Reader will find the Following Account in the iHvMN, which furnifh'd Us with Materials to explain the XVth Figure. 'Ef KvTT^oy y 'tXBova-et, B-vu^tet yrioy 't^uiitv, °£f ud(poY. hBei, H eJ re^wS^^ ^uptog rs. B-vu^ng' xxm ( 6j ) -EvB-' riy ^(TiX^ova-et B-v^g 'fpriBfiKS (paetvdg' ^EvB-a ^i ptiy xd^tTtg XSarav, Xj x?Jio'<^v IAcww, 'ApilopoT(f, ofctt B'iovg 'uTTiyltuoBty cuh 'tivjag, 'Ap^^^oTK^ 'iccva, TO pa, o\ TiBvuittyov ^ev, ' ' 'Eas-apiiy}] §"' tu •zirdytei'^ x^^^ eipLetTct KnXdi. Xpve-u ttotrfiijB-Sitrci (piXopipt,a^^g 'Aippo^iTt],. To Cyprus ftrait the wounded Goddess fUes,^ Where Paphian Temples to her Honor rife; And Altars fmoke with daily Sacrifice: Soon as arriv'd She to her Shrine repair'd. Where ent'ring quick the fhining Gates She barr'd. The ready Graces wait; her Baths prepare. And oint with fragrant Oils her flowing Hair. Her flowing Hair adown her Shoulders fpreads,^ And all around Ambrofial Odor fheds> Laft in tranfparent Robes her Limbs They fold, Enrich'd with Ornaments of pureft Gold, CongrevbS Nor with lefs Propriety, perhaps, the fame Author re-conveys to her Bath, after the rude Surprife of Vul-^ can's Net, in her Amour with Mars; if We look- on the Conclufion of the Song of D e m o d i c u s, Tov (5'' YipiH'viT 'iTTSiTco <7z%mX'UTiig ' Api(piywi6tg.f Ova W ^Ti ioMi Ttcv 'i7r(^ dpvrj(rota'u4. "€lg elTTuv, ^itrptov dvlst ptiv(^ 'H.(pcn7oio. Tu ^' 'iTT a CM ^icrpioh XvBiv a^Tipov 'STi'p lOyT^H AVTIK dvcit^AVTi, 0 ptiV ©tfJlJtfJVOe Qi'oyiKei, '^H ^' dfjc VivTr^oy 'wavi ^iXoptpLsi^g 'ACp^sotTti, 'E? udpoy. hBa. Si o\ Tt/t^C^ fiupiog Ti Bvi^eie/ '^Jc.yB-a Si p»v xd^tTis Xowcty, x^ x^""""^ 'tXoucii 'AptQpcTXy 'ApJ'I^^OTa, eta, Bi^g 'i-^nklit^ edivimetg*- ; . 'Apk^i ^ eipMTa 'ios-av, ttr^'g^T.^ B-dvpit^ *^«9vt*, " Tis Thine (re-anfwers Vulcan) to comm^.'* And to the Net applies his fkilfiil Hand. The ftrong Inclofufe yields, and, thrown afar. Frees the chain'd Pow'rs of Beauty and of War. ¦ To Thracian H41k t^ie'RAG^'G God ranoves; ' The LAUGHTER-EbviN'G Dame to Paphian Gtoves. Where num'rous Slaves her pleafing Smiles invoke. And num'rous Altars, rich in Odors, fmoke. Round their<^/^^r'<:/QuEEN,' in wonted State, The Graces, her affiduous Handmaids, wait; Her wearied Limbs refrefh with Heav'nly Show'rs, Ambrofial Sweets ! TChat bathe Immortal Pow'rs; Then glorious cloath anew in Robes Divine; And give, in their full Blaze of rbflrms. to flilne- It is not eafy to difcover whether the Drapery, Ve nus holds in this Figure, is intended for the Linen with which She may be fuppofed to dry llerfelf, newly rifen from the Bath ; or for the Veil (the firft and moft material Part of her Drefs) which She is going to throw loofely round her Body; Simplex Munditiis, as Ho race would have exprefs'd it: Her Hair being already difpofed in the moft exad Order. XXIV. Venus, viewing Herfelf in a Looking-Glafs, fuch as was us'd by the Ladies of Antiquity. Upon the Ground ftands a Vafe, out of which comes a Kind of Sprig: This ferv'd perhaps, to fprinkle Them with Per fumed Water in their Baths. ¦^ As XXIA^ ( 6j ) ^ As to the Odors us'd by Venus in her Bathings, the Reader is referr'd to the Defcriptions from Homer in the Foregoing Article; and as to the Condud of her Hair, He will remember the PafTage from Coluthus in the XlXth. Claudian in his Nuptials of Hono rius and Maria, finds Imployment for All the Graces on this Occafion. Cafariem tunc forte Fenus fubnixa corufco Fingebat folio: dextra lavaque forores Stabant Idalia. Largos Hac neSiaris imbres Irrigat: Hac morfu numerofi dentis eburno Multifidum difcrimen arat: Sed Tertia retro Dat varios nexus, et jufto dividet orbes Or dine, negleSiam partem ftudiofa relinquens: Plus error decuit. The Defcription is Beautiful. There is a Spirit and Elegance in every Word. It has been very happily tranflated by two Hands; for which Reafon I beg Leave to add Both Imitations ; becaufe where the One may be thought to lofe, the Other feems to catch the Delicacy of the Original. The Firft is by Mr. Eu s- DEN. It chanc'd upon a radiant Throne reclin'd, Venus her Golden Treflles did unbind: Proud to be thus employ'd, on either Hand Th'IoALiAN Sifters, rang'd in Order, ftand.. Ambrofial Effence One beftows in Show'rs,. And laviflily whole Streams of Nedar pours, K With ( 66 ) With iv*ry Combs another's dextrous Care Or curls, or opens the difhevel'd Hair. -^ ' a' Third, induftrious -with a nicer Eye, Inftruds the Ringlets, in what Form to He: Yet leaves fome Few, that, not fo clofely preft. Sport in the Wind, and wanton from the Reft. Sweet Negligence! By artful Study wrought ; A graceful Error, and a lovely Fault ! The other Tranflation is by Mr. P a t t i s o n ; a young Gentleman of great Virtues, and great Errors; whofe Genius was as Happy, as his Life was UnfoitiinMel It happen'^d then, with future Joys elate. His Goddess Mother at her Toilet fate; On either Side th' That tam Sifters ftand. Proud ofthe Smiling Goddess's Command; This, fcatter'd Odors o'er the fragrant Fair, That, thred the mazy Tendrils of her Hair; That exercis'd the nice correding Comb, Smooth'd the foft Curls, and call'd the Straglers home^ The comely Fav' rites, doubtflilly defign'd. They leave to curl and wanton in the Wind; The comely Fav'rites, with adorning Grace,. Wave on the Breeze, and flow upon her Face, With cooling Airs create an eafy Pride, And, but increafe the Charms,, They ftrive to hide Venus feems to have perform'd forHerfelfJ in this Figure, all that the Graces perform'd for Her in Claudian^ ( 67) Having fpoke fo largely of an Antique Toilet, it may be permitted to add fomething of a Modern; efpe cially of One that is founded upon the Plus decuit Er ror of Claudian. Inventory of Phanelia's Dr effing-Room, Beauty alone infpires my Lay, She ! traces out the Flow'ry Way ; She ! varies ev'ry Song I fing; Beauty ! of Love and Verfe the Spring! Where Beauty chufes her Abode; There! tends the true Parnassian Rode. There! his Abode Apollo chufes. And There! unfummon'd, tend the Mufes. For tho', fruiii Vulgcii Byes retir'd, (As facred Laws of Drefs requir'd !) The Nymph hercrouded Levee flies; She could not fcape Poetic Eyes. The licens'd Bard, from, forth the Throng, (Still may that Licence crown his Song!) Step'd boldly in, behind the Screen ; Unfeen, or feemlngly Unfeen. No formal Order here He found; One gay Confufion ftrow'd the Ground. A Shop of Millenery Wares! A Magazine of Female Airs! What, Arms defend, or what oppofe; Love's Torches! Quivers! Arrows! Bows! What, Hands can fhape, or Heads produce; All Modes, in Ufe! Or out of Ufe! K a A Fan, ( 68) A Fan, that many a Mounting coft! And Equipage, the Trinkets loft. A Feather, late a fhining Flow'r! A Watch, that never minds the Hour! A Bufk, fubdued beneath the Yoke! A Croffiate, from the Necklace broke! An Ear-ring, that demands a Drop ! An Harpficord, that knows no Stop ! A Shell, retentive once of Snuff! A Cafe, once Mafter of a Muff! A Mantle, that has loft a Wing ! A Cawl, with difobedient String ! Far, from its Head, a Wire miflaid ! A Slipper, from its Fellow ftray'd! Here Knots, that can no longer kill ! There Lappets, learning to lie ftill ! Here Aprons, throwing off their Fringes! There Twyzers, flying from their Hinges! Loft Petticoats, worn'Mantuas mourning! FuU-Drefles, into Night-Gowns turning ! To Tippets, Tuckers lending Laces ! And Breadths, like Statefinen, changing Places-! A Girdle, o'er its Buckle wound. Wrapt, as a Snake, in its own Round ! A Hood, long pleas'd, with decent Pride, To fhew the Face, It feign'd to hide ! A Frame, doom'd many a Day to ftand. Or freed by Nelly's aiding Hand! Here, fhatter'd Hoops of Fencing Cane, Exiled from their Elysian Reign! There, Ribs of Whale, by Age decay'd. Proud of the Shape They took, not made! A Ring, (.69) A Ring, with Motto out of Date; * Sad Prophet of the Giver's Fate!' A Seal of Hercules and Youth ;* ' Hence, Beauty, know, the Prize of Truth!' A Breaft-Knot, late a dang'rous Snare; ' That bids, of fleeting Time beware.' A Monkey chain'd to good Behavour; * Let Malice never win thy Favor.' A Dog, that lefs delights, than fhocks; ' There weigh the Worth of Toupeed Locks.' A Parrot, of lefs pleafing Parts; ' Fools keep not long our Ears or Hearts ! ' A Cage, its flutt'ring Inmate flown; ¦' Thus warn'd, fecurely guard your Own!' The Story of a Maid -f- Undone; ' Sweet Ruin, taught by Uthers, fhun ! ' A Sermon, never to be read; * They need no Guide, that cautious tread!' The Toilet here, not laid in State, Scarce half imploys the Hands that wait. lU-furnlfh'd with Cofmetic Pow'rs, Of Stiptic Balms, or Effence Show'rs. Well may the Graces fpare their Aid; For Art wou'd but undrefs the Maid. Here, no falfe-flatt'ring Glafs is fix'd! Here, no Camelion Water mix'd ! No Brow with PlalHc Labor fpread / No Furrow fmooth'd with level Lead.^ And how cou'd Cheeks of Spanijh Die, With Nature's purer Rofes vie? » Hebe. t A Novel. 4 How! (7o) How! The fick Pale of Bifmute fhow With Hands more white than feather'd Snow? What envlotis Breath of faint Perfume Regale like Health's fweet-flow'ry Bloom.? What pounded Pearl pretend to deck. The Luftre of that orient Neck? What mimic Tinge of Ruby Hue, Supply that Lip's Ambrofial Dew? None, here, the Chymic Oil prepare, To give the Gloffey Chefnut Hair; Or Nightly Trap, infidious, lay. To catch new Eye-brows for the Day. Vain Arts! That in flight Fetters hold; Arts! Left to the Deform'd and Old: Who, Deftitute of native Charms, Attempt to wound with borrow'd Arms. Let no rich Jar adorn this Room ! No Carpet, wrought in Perfian Loom ! No Branch from Figur'd Ceiling fall! No Belgic Tap'ftry cloath the Wall ! Hang, here, no Piece of Roma}t Hand ! Here, let no Grecian Sculpture ftand! Might That, Susanna's Bath explain. This, Venus rifing from the Main; Where Art and Nature feem at Strife: No Image truly equals Life. Then Who, by Folly not betray'd, Wou'd quit the Subftance, for the Shade? Where Beauty condefcends to reign, • All other Ornament is vain. But ( 71 ) But to return from this Poetical Digreflion; The Eooking-Glafs that is feen in this Figure could fuit no Hand more properly than that of Venus; The God dess of Unbounded Love, and Eternal Beauty! For this Reafon Lais, in the Decline of Life dedicated Her Looking-Glafs to Venus, as We are told by Ju- LIANUS.^GYPT1US. • Adig dptuXotwSeia-ct Xf^^V 'si'ipiHci.XXicb ptop(p»jv T^pctXileo ^vyiet pieipTvplla/ pvJtSuy Evoiv 'tartKpoy tXsyxoy d-^tx^^p'^'^cti KctTSTTTpa AySiTO oiiTTroiv^ Trig 'srapog dyXa'i^g. 'AXXo, (TV ptoi Kvdipeico Sixa VeOTJJTJS 'tTCUpUV AilTKOV, 'fTTil piOp(pr, (Ti] XP^^VOV ^TOOpkin. Lais, when Time had fpoil'd her. wonted Grace, Abhorr'd the Look of Age that plow'd her Face,. Her Glajs, fad Monitor of Charms decay'd.' Before the Queen of lasting Bloom She laid. " The fweet Companion of my Youthful Years " Be Thine! (She faid) No Change thy Beauty fears." Plato has given another Turn to the fame memorable Dedication. 'EtroQctpoy yiXdcreitrcb Kctff 'EAAstJ'off, sj -ny 't^uvTUS) 'Ea-ptoy 'tyi 'srpotrupoig Auig ixovtra, vtav, T^ Il«

ength. 'TTis^siii^g is o pJjTWf, s}i Tvjg TCUT^utzg olK(ag tov i^ov dTTo^Or- Awv TXa-u/.tTTTrov, Mv^ivrjy Tyjv noXvTsXsg-dTrjv sTUi^av dvsXoi§Sy x^ TXVTrjv pisv sv dg-si sT^sv sv nsifaisT is 'Afig-ayopav, O/aov i' sv BXsvuTvi, yjv -noXXuv uvrjo-d^svog xf^M-^^'^^ ^T^sv sXsvBs- fwVa;?, vf^ oIkov^ov uvtyJ)) STtoLYjcruTo, ug libpisvsvg Wo- ^s(. sv is. TU VTTS^ ^^vYjg x6yu T7rs^iSLiy]g opjioXoyuv sp^v Tyjg yvvaiKog, yC, ovis "ju tov sfUTog d-KYjXXayiJLsvog Tvjv -K^osL^ny-sv^v.. Mv^{vY)v sig, Tyjv oU(otv slarjyccysv. yjy is ^ (^^wj in GsaTTiuv n^ivoi^svyj is VTTO EvS-iov t^v hi ^uvutu, UTrsipvys. ^iotcs^ ofyi- crMg 0 Y^vBiag ova ' hi sTitsv dxXTiv i'i>iy]v, ug ^yjmv Efy.i7r7rog. 0 is TTts^sdyjg mjV(zyofsvuvTf'(pfvv}^ ug ovisv yjvvs xiyuv, kl- ^o'ipi TS ^o-ocv ol i'lKUTul mTu^^yjpicr^fjLsvoi, -Ku^ayayuv dvT^v sig^ Tovpi0xvsg, )^ vrs^ipp-fj^ag T^g x^TuvCaaovg yvpivd ts tx ^s^voc 7:oLYjaag', t^^ htXoyiKovg oiKTovg h Tyjg o\\jsug dvTYJgks^. ^YITo^svus, ^smi-ocLi^ovwciC TS hoin^sv TS^ ^IKU^ug TYjV VTTOpyj- TiV ( 75 ) TIU }^ i^dno^ov A(p§o^(TYjg sXiu x?''0^^l^vo^? [^^ dTtoxlstvui' }^ d^£^sf(rt)g, iy^dpy] piSTX tolvtol -^YjCpia-yu, (jLVjisva oIktO^sctBoci ruv XsyovTuv vTti^ Tivog, fjLYjis ^XsirofjLSvov tov iiotTYjyo§cvy,svov, yj TYjv nctTYjyo^ovyJvYjv n^CvsaBai. -^v i's ovTug pidXXov rj (^fvvTj KOtXYj ev ToXg ^ij ^XsTcofJiivoig * ^loits^ ov^s ^di'iov ^v dvTyjv IMv yv^MYjV. £X^(Toc§Koy yd^ ;)j;zTwv/oy dpfjrsix^To. yi^ ToXg iripKodoig cvx f;)^f3jT(7 §aXccv£ioLg. T>f i's fuv EXsvirmuv vravyjyv^si >^ Tf TUV noffSiiuvTuv, iv oi\jsi tuv itavsXX^vuv TcdvTuv dTroTiBspjLsv?] SoifidTioc, iC^ Xvacmot Tdg aopiotg, ivs^xtvs Tp BaXdTJp' )^ Ct: dvTtjg ^ATTSXXyjg tyjv dvaixjopisvYiv A(pfoiiT}]v dTtsy^dipXTo. " While Phryne continued under the Patronage ofHypERiDEs; that Orator undertook her Defence, upon an Accufation that was exhibited againft Her. And when He found it manifeft that She would be condemn'd by a Majority of Voices; He produced Her before the Affembly ; There tearing off her Veftment, He expos'd her Bofom, more than Half Naked to the Court; And in the Clofe of his Difcourfe turn'd Him felf entirely to exaggerate and plead upon the Beauty of her Perfon ; which carried that Prevalence with It, that the Judges touch'd with Compaffion, and ftruck, as it were, with a Religious -Awe, (as if a real Ser vant or Prieftefs of Venus had appear'd before Them) could by no means confent to put Her to Death. But She had no fooner evaded the Sentence, than it was forbid by a Public Decree; that for the Future, AnyPleader fhould attempt to move theyudges to Compafiion, for Fear of Corrupting their yudg- ment; and that, . for the fame Reafon, Any Criminal or Cited Witnefs, fhould be admitted to continue in the Court, during the Faffing ofSentence» For the Great. L 2 " Beauty (76) " Beauty of Phryne lay in thofe ^arts of the Body " which Decency forbids to uncover. Nor was it eafy " to fee Her naked without Emotion; upon which Ac- « count She was interdided the Public Baths. But " amidft the frequent Concourfe of People that aflem- " bled at .the Feafls of Eleusine and Neptune, " She laid afide her Cloaths, and with her Hairs all " loofe about Her, entered into the Sea, On which Oc- " cafion She appear d fo Beautiful; That after Her, " A? f.hi.i.s painted his Venus Anadyomene. XXVL • Venus and Cupid. Cupid is mounted on a Wheel ; a S a t y r ftands behind V e n u s. This Gem is fingular. I have never before obferv'd, the moving Pedeftal of F ortune attributed to the GodofLove: yet it feems not incongruous with the Inconftancy of his Nature. ^ The Singularity of this Defign may be put in a clearer Light; If We confider the Allufion of Tibul lus, in thefe Lines of the Sixth of his Firft Book of Elegies, where He warns his Rival. At tu qm potior nunc es, mea f urt a timeto. Ferfatur celeri Fors levis orbe rota. But Thou, more Potent in her Favor grown, Warn'd, by my bafer Ufage, fear your own. For Fortune, to no certain Motion bound. Her lightly-rolling Wheel turns fwift ly Round. TlJBULLUS,^ XX^I ( 77 ) Tibullus, it is allow'd, but barely hints, that the Chance of L o v e, is as inftable, as the Chance of For tune. Propertius will give Us a ftronger Proof For in the Eighth Elegy of his Second Book, He di redly attributes to Love the mutable Wheel, that is univerfally given to Fou tune. Eripitur nobis jam pridem cara Puella, Et tu me lacrymasfundere, amice, vet as? . . . „ Omnia vertuntur : certe vertuntur amores: Finceris, aut vincis, hac in Amore rota eft. Torn from my Sight the Maid I held fo Dear 1 . And wou'd my Friend reftrain each tender Tear ? Round, All Things turn; We tread unfaithful Ground t But more than All our Mlftreffes turn round,. Captiv'd, or Captivating, ftill We prove One Change; fo various is the Wheel of Love/ In the fame Senfe Agathias introduces Fortune difputing with Venus, the Acquifition of an Unequal Match. TpiTTivg Tig pioyiiiriiiv 'tTT Ix^vtri. Toy a' 'iffiooucTtZ. EdoTiavog Kovpt] 9i)pkov inctpivi isro^^" Kou pity Qipii iruyivvov. o o 'i>cQi07sto -srivixp"^' Ai^ctTD 'srayidiyig 'oFkov dylajo^ii\g. 'H ^ Ivx*! yiXoufct, 'zffo.pl'roiiTs, ic^ tutoti Ku^r^iy. oJ Tiog dvTog dyuv,. dXX' 'iptog 't^tv, i Cupid in his Divine Contemplation of the Soul, may be well fuppos'd to fit in Triurnph on his Mother's Shell. This is the noted Concha, which ferv'd as a Ve hicle -to convey the wanton Goddess to Cyprus; For at Cyprus She was faid to land, juft newly rifen from theSea. Hence Tibullus; Ad^s, et timidis . ^ . . . . votis Faveas concha, Cypria, ve6la tua. Affift thy Vot'ry, and his Fear difpel, O Cyprian Goddess, borne upon thy Shell. And, not to forget that delicate Imitator of the An cients, hence Secundus in his VL Bafium. Tu quoque cum Deafis, Diva formofior Hid Concha per aquoreum quam vaga ducit iter. Nor lefs a Goddess Thou. Thy Heav'nly Face, A Goddess fpeaks Thee, of Etherial Race. Speaks Thee ev'n Her in Beauty to excel. Who roams o'er Ocean on her vagrant she It.' Why this Vehicle was affign'd to V e n u s, F u l g e n- Tius informs Us; as I find Him quoted to my Hand by B RO u K u I u s, in his Notes on T i b u l l u s. Concha etiam marina pingitur portari, quod hujus generis ant" mal toto corpore fimul aperto in coitu mifceatur, ficut Juba in P hyfiologis refert, Mythol. 1. 2. c. 4. " She is " reprefented borne upon a Concha, becaufe that Species " of Sea Animals open and mix their whole Bodies in ^_ Procreation; as Juba relates in his Phyfiologies. :t XXVIIL Tho ( 8o) XXVIIL The Education of Love, Venus ftooping, feems to give Him her Breaft. * It was fome Gem or Statue of Cupid and Ve nus in this Attitude, that furnifli'd the Poet Melea ger with the elegant Compliment He pays his Miftrefs Xenophile. UuXat^u k. pt,dTpog er' cv noXTroieri tcaSiv^uv' TluXmS-U. Tl (5" pLOl 75 B^etiril 7BV73 T^lCpetV i ' Km ydp a-tpLov '(.(pv, }i vTroTTTioov, dtc^A a oyv^i Kyi^et. Vicu nXatlv "ZffoXXd, puTci.^v ytXa. Upcg y iTt XciTTov, aTPi^ov detXaXov, o^v oioo^zog, 'AypUv' o'yj" dvTU piaTpi (piXcb TiBctToy, navTa, Tipctg. toi youp TmrpatriTAt' 'uTig diro'^Xovi . EpiTTopcg dysiS'cu ¦zs'd/.aa, BiXoi, txtpoititu.. K*t TCI Xias-iT l^ov ai^eiy.,pvfA,ivog, 'utI (rt -zs-uX^. @a,p(ret, ZyjvopiXa. a'vvTPo(pog u^t pLiiis. Who buies, the wanton God of J^ove, Who buies ? While on his Mother's beauteous Breaft He lies ? I will not nurture the Audacious Boy, That loads, with lafting Pain, momentous Joy; Equipt, with Darts to wound, and Wings to fly; Of open Face, but of a piercing Eye. Or Griev'd, or Pleas'd, ftill various He appears; With Smiles his Grief, his Pleafure mix'd with Tears, Befides his Will, no other Law He feeks ; I/)ud, when He laughs ; Loquacious, when He fpeaks. Perverfe, by Habit; as by Nature, Wild; Tho' Little, Strong; and Cruel, tho' a Child. No- XXIX ( 8i ) No Ad of Violence his Hand forbears; The Wretch not even his own fond Mother fpare*. In ev'ry Part, a Monfter^ in the Whole ; A Monfter! both in -Body and In Soul. Come, Merchant, You that navigate the Seas, ' Come take the Mifcreant, at what Price You pleafe. Sold He ftiall be Hold ! hafty Merchant, hold! The Boy relents; The Boy fhall not be fold. How loth He feems to quit the foft Embrace! Behold, what pearly Tears bedew his Face ! What moving Pray'rs, his Voice difelofes, hear! Well.' Love, thy Sentence fhall be lefs fevere. With my Zenophile for ever reft. Thou wilt not wifli for Cytherea's Breaft. XXIX. Cupid teaches the Fauns to play upon the Flute, to fhew that this God humanizes and difcipfines the moft Savage. * How applicable is this Figure to the Third Idyl lium of B I o N. The Fable and Moral of Both Pieces- are the fame. *A fJLiydXtb ptot K.v'xptg 'iB-' xscs-yuoyTt 'zs-api'rci, NriTTiaxov ¦ni^'E^UTa. KctXdg ok x^^^^S dyottret, 'Es ;^j5oi'* ydj<^dToyTa: Tsiroy St ptot tCp^irt pcvBo'^ MtXTTetv [Jioi (piXt BStoi, Xa'ouy liy '^-EpuTO. ^loatrKs. '^ils Xiyi, X * f^" dTTijxBiy' 'iyu y otrct BUKoXitta-^oy, N>jVj@-, ug 'iBiXovTci piaBiiy riv '^E^uto. ^i^aintov, 'fig tvpi 'SFXayictvXoy o udv, ug cwXiV 'ABdvct, 'ilj X^^"" 'Eppiduy, KiBai/v y ug davg 'AttcXXuv, M rcujTx rowTd piiv 'i^iVt^aa-MV i ^* a« tp^^en- fiM^vl 'AXXd fAoi ewTvg dk^iv t^urvXeh km pC 'toiffeta-M ©yebTuy dBavaTuv Tt "sroB-ae, ^ f^etTi^^g ipyet. k' *iyuy oKXctBcpbety piiv mm m'^E^uTO, ^lha>VMV' ''OoTA S' ' ''e^&)5 ft' «^/^««r;tgu l^aroAeft^^ -^ ^ As late in Sleep I clos'd my weary Sight, ' ^ This Vifion rofe to diffipate the Night. Full in my View great Venus feem'd to ftand. Young Cupid holding in her lovely Hand; Who, all the while She fpoke, in Childifh Guife, Look'd modfeft on the Ground with penfive Eyes. , " To Thee, behold, my Infant Son. I bring, " To Thee, lov'd Swain/ Inform Him Thou to fing..** She faid, with fofteft Voice and f\yeetef3i Air ; And, faying, left Him with a Mother's Care. Strait I begun my Ruftic Voice to raife. And fport, as wont, my old Bucolic I^ays ; Such as I deem'd might moft inftrudive prove: Ah fimple Thought/ Inftrud the God of Love ? I fung; ' How Pan the reedy Syrinx found/ * How Phoebus gave the Lyre harmonious Sound/ ' How Pallas form'd the undulating Flute/ * And laft, How Hermes tun'd the Vocal Lute/' But Love regardlefs of my Rural Strain, To Thefe, foft am'rous Songs return'd again. * His Mother's Charms, He rais'd. His Mother's Arts/ ' How abfolute her Sway o'er Human Hearts/ * .The Gods Themfelves how potent to inflame/ • With all the Triumphs of the Cyprian Dame/' Hence It arofe, that by his Mufic caught, I loll the old Bucolic Lays I iaught; But ./ / \ \ \,\ ( 83 ) But ftill remain obfervant of his Will, ^ And Love's foft am'rous Songs remend^erfiill. It will fall in our Way to treat of the Images of Hermes and Priapus, befcjre We finifh our \yhole Explication. XXX. This Gem, One ofthe Largeft that Ihave feen, is with out Difpute, One of the fineft in point of Workmanfhip. It is eafy to difcern every Part of it, as well from the Beauty of the Compofition^ as the Attitude of the Fi gures: But It is not fo eafy to determine the Subjed. Venus and Cupid occupy the Middle ; the Two Ex tremities are fiU'd, One by^ two Fauns that play on Mufical Inftruments, and the Other by a Bacchus charaderiz'd by his T h y r s u s and Attendant. Per haps It was calculated to reprefent, " the Union of the *' Pleafures of Love, with Thofe of Wine and Harmony." His E. M. the Cardinal De Polignac has a riioft Beautiful Defign of R a p h a e l after this Model. What Recommendation is it in Favour of this Gem, that fo Illuftrious a ConnoifTeur has preferv'd the Defign, and that the Defign was taken by fo able a Hand as R a- phael? * Anacreon has left Us anOde, filled with almoft the fame Perfonages that appear in tliis Figure. 2T£(p*VSf pfAV V.pOTd She eas'd Her of her Burthen at the Endoffe- ven Months ; And hence Hercules, the Son of J u p i- T e r, became fubfervient to Euristheus, the Son of Sthenelus, King of M y c e n -ffi. This was the Rife of thofe memorable Labors of H e r- cu L E s 5 the moft celebrated are the Twelve Following, compris'd in as many Verfes, extraded from the Third Chiliade of Joannes Tzetzes: n^uTo, yipticig Xiofja To^ivirctg, x^^'^' 'zs'i/.yet .... Ai^vnig 'ivvia KKpuXoy vl^y ^tVTtpug KJeivst .... EXeki to^o<5 opvtg KJ^vet .... EQdoptov, Tdv^oy KpijUKoy vm^a-ag dyet tuvjct .... ( 87 ) Tdg dv^p6(povii$, 'cyhpv, iTfTrag tS Aufi^hg. * T 3 '''Evvciloy, •zr^og ^uf^^ t\ r^ixet Tr^g 'iTTToXwyig , , , I AiKetTOV, $Sg Tug ^evudg T(/a-eoptii Ttjpvova. . . . MijX' 'EiTTrtijSuv dyayeiv, 'tvUiMTov tctXivet . . . ' A9Xe» TtXei ^wS'gxaTov, dvetya&ijv KsaGms. Or as They are fummed up in as many Latin, though not exadly in the fame Order. Prima Cleonei tolerata arumna Leonis. Proxima Lern.^um ferro et face contudit Hydram.' Mox Erymantheum vis Tertia perculit Aprum. .^RiPEDis ^arto tulit aurea cornua Cervi. Stymphalidas pepulit Volucres difcrimine ^intol Threiciam Sexto fpoliavit Amazon a Baltheo. Septima in AuGE-iE Stabulis impenfa laboris^ OSta'va ExpuLbu numeratur adorea Tauro. In DioMEDEis viSiorjam Nona Quadrigis. Geryone extinSfo Decimam dat Iberia palmam. Undeci mum Mala Hesperidum diftraSia triumphum. Cerberus extremi Suprema efi meta laboris. Firft in his Way Cleone's (i) Lion ftands, And-ialls a Vidim to his Naked Hands. Next, the Lern.^an (2) Hydra rais'd his Fame, Queird with united Force of Sword and Flame. And next from Erymanthian Woods He tore, Diana's Scourge, the dire Arcadian (3) Boar. A fairer Prey his fourth Attempt adorns. The Brazen-footed Hind (4) with Golden Horns, Then fought Alcides the Stymphalic Flood, And chas'd the Birds (5) that joy'd in Human Blood. Now ( 88 ) Now yields her Zone (6) the Amazon of fhrace. And Manly Shoulders Female Trophies graces And now to Talks immunde the Hero falls,' To cleanfe AuGfiAs' (7) long-negleded Stalls. Nor was his Round of Labor yet complete, ^ ¦ As witneffes thy Bull, (8) infefted Crete! Here fhines the Vidor, glorious from afar; Lo Diomed (9) .refignes his lofty Car. And there Iberia gives a later Prize, For lo/ the Triple-form'd (10) Ger yon dies. Hesperia (ii) then her Golden Fruits allows. Torn from her Gardens to adorn his Brows. Then furious Cerberus (12) He binds in Chains, The Laft of all his Triumphs, and his Pains. The Firft of thefe Labors was his Overcoming the Nemean Lion. The Detail of this Adventure is no where fd well told, as in the twenty fifth of thofe Idylliums vulgarly afcrib'd to Theocritus; though fome Critics attribute This, arid others of Them to Bion and Moschus. This Idyllium is imperfed as well in the Beginning as the End. Hercules is in troduced in his Way to A u c e a s, which was his feventh Labor; He meets one of that Prince's Herdfmen, with Whom He holds a long Dialogue. This Herdfman conduds Him to A u g e a s, who is attended by his Son Phyleus; They invite Him to the Town; On the Rode Hercules is attack'd by a Bull belonging to Auge as, which the Hero feizes and holds fufpended in the Air. This furprifing Inftance of Strength in duces Phyleus to addrefs Hercules in the follow ing Manner. ( 89 ) T^ ptiv d^ wpoa-mTt Aiog yoycv vipifoia 'Avydtu (plx^ -ijog, 'tB'iy (Jkni-nriiQ-ty 'tovTa, "'hko, -zs-tt^KXiyctg Kt^ctXlu) zet.Td h^iov upioV Setvt, 'srdXou Ttvd t^dyx^ a\Bty mi/i ptvB-ov aKliTeig, 'aa-ei 'srtp a-^tTip^artv 'iyt (p^ttri (idXXopjicu dpn' ' HXvBt yd^ i B-Avpid^iTKoy dxiovTig iin pivBroy' 'o» ^e vv ill i\/ii^i^ o^otTTcPoy d,vip' tcpv(pBluJ, N 2 'Ep (92) 'Ev pla vXi^tVTt, Si^iy[Ji.iv(^ o'^tt'oB-' 'iKOtTf Yicu fidXov AOToy 't'ovTog dfji'^i^ov eig KivtuvA Tijvtriug' H ydq Tt ^ix(^ ^id a-ApKog oXtS'tv 'OKpvity, X^^P^ i5 '^<*Xi(xrvT3V ipi,7nAXtg yiViT t^VTi TB^OV, TjdvTiBty eiXvcB'tyTtg vttcu XAyovug Tt ii i^vuj. 'cig a OTAV dpptATiTTtiyog dvij^, vroXiuy Tog/ff tpyuv,. ' OpTTtiKAg KApCTTTYliriV 'il/iVtS 'iVKidTtlO, &AX\pAg CV Txrvi). ixrpuTsy 'iTTA^oyiia kvkXa oiippa), TS piiy \W OK %«/)&?!/ efpu'jSJo TAyv(pXot@^ 'i^vog KAp(,7rTopS/j@^, TtjXS- '^ pAt^ -zir^^ria-ty v 'iyKt(pdXeti. Tok pitv 'tyuv o^mcua-i TSTA^tip^oyievTA ^Apeicug Nucrdf^(§-', -sri^v eouBtg -^OTpoyroy dpiTrvtvS^veu, 'Avxiv(§^ d'pp^KTtto TffA^ iviav tiXccira Txr^oCpB-dg, Pt\yai Ts^oy f^A^t TsroXv'ppATnov Tt (paptTplw. Hyxov y 'tyKpATtug, Tt'^Apdg triw x^^g w«V*ff E^oTTtB-tv, pAtj (TA^Kog drroS-pvi^y oyvxiari. n^off y S^Ag Ts-Tipyija-t "sro^Ag <^tptug 'f^Utou 'Ov^cuag 'tTTt'^dg, 's^Xdj^(ri Ti pbr^p eTt Otj /SaAdOoK CiTTUg XATlAUXtVA ^UP(rA» ©>?^off TtB-yetuTzg ATTO pttXtUV 'ipVTAtpt,t' 'ApyaXiov ptdXA ptox^oy 'frd ^k "ta-Kt art^pik. TpitiTtj, s^e XjBm', Tsru^ufJbtycf, a^e ^ uAp. EvB-A pioi dB-AVATuy Ttg 'tTTt f ij^^si. si$s h^ Tcdxyp; ru H^oatXSi 's{Ji£Xsv,- «x dXXug hsCpuKsi, 3? ug yiy^omjcti. yiy^ocifjoti S's la-)(yfog oTog }^ rijg rsyvy}? spnrXsug, S't svot^pioirCoiv rs aupxotrog. s'i-yj S' dv h^ TTsXu^iog, *$ TO sTSbg sv virs^toXrf dvB^UTra. 's7iv olvru tC, dv&og oil'iJiarog, iC, od ^xltsg oTov sv uSXvi, BvpjtS rivog vTroS'sSlixdrog dv- 7W$ srt. rov S's AvraXov, u TraT, SsSitxg oTpioti, Byj^Ic;} yd^ dv rm 'som^v, oXlyuv diroSiuv 'laog sTvai ru piyJKSi x) to sv^og. j^ o dvy^v STTsi^svarai roXg upioig, uv ro ttoXx) sttI rov dvxsva ijxsi. Trs^ttJH.- TPii C, yotf^ij^, rami rd ff0v- ^rjxctroc, ^ TO [ju^ ofBov t% Kv^i^pirig, oiXXx dvsXsvBs^ov, ia"xy- §ov y>sv rov AvraHov oTSs. ^vvSsSspisvov (jl'^v, y^ ax nau rs-xyyi?- 'en )^ yJxctg AvraTog, Ke%w^>;xoT«'? dvru rS ^Xla ig (3(X(p>jv. rocurl ^v dpjt/^o'iv rd sg r^v irdxxiv. S^^g Ss dvr$g yC, yraXoflovrag, fjidx- "Xqv Ss TTSTTixXaiiiorotg, ii^ rov H^ctKXia, sv r&J n^oirsTy, aouoaocXa^si Ss dvTOV avw T^$ y>J«', ot; rj yij tm AvTOti^^ ffVVST^dXOilS, XyfTH-' l^LSVYj, yCj pisroKXjdi^acTot dvrov, ors 'SKivs'iro. diro^uv §v o H^ocaXSjg Oy "^i %f>?V«/Jo ryf yyf, avvsCxyj(ps rov Avrcdov pjLsaov, dvu ksvsu- vog, svBoi od TrXsv^al, >c) xard r9 pjLYj^^ o^Bug dvu^spisvog, sn rs }^ TW x^^f^ ^jy.^(xXuv, Xocyoc§^ rs y^ do-Bptxivi^a-p r-^ yaj df/ug I'Srjg, dxX sasT stc durijg Bs^g vtto^ vosi TTSgioiT'^v l%fiv ra dyuvog. yj yd^ rot p^fucrav ysyfarlai vs- 0og, v

How He ftudies and meditates the ihftantFight ? He fwells, as if He curb'd and check'd his Anger left Paflion might tranfport Him beyond the Bounds of Reafon. But Antaeus roufing Himfelf, fteps for ward to meet Hercules, as if in this Homerical Strain, He faid, Av^rivuv o't Ti "srdiotg 'Eptu ptlytt dyTtous-iy. • Unhappy They, and born of lucklefs Sires Who tempt our Fury. Pope. or ufed fome. fuch opprobrious La,nguage, taking Strength fiom Contumely. Saw We the very Hercules ingage. ( roi ) tflgage. We fliould 'not fee Him differ from this Re- -prefeffttettion. How Manly? HowRobuft? What Art in the ©efign ? #hat Proptiety in the Compofition ? His Stature is Eminent, and more than Humaii. His Body glows with Heat, as if the boiling Blood^had co lor'd His Skin ? Every Vein looks turgid, as fwelling with Rage. Bat are You not ftruck with Horror at Sight of Antaeus ? And fure there is much of the Savage in his Figure! The Breadth of his Body is al- Itioft equal to the Height. His Neck lies buried in his Breaft. His Shoulders approach his Ears. His Arms drawn backward; His Hands lengthen'd ^ His Breaft^ and Belly compa«fl: and Round;; His Legs ftrong but crooked; and this laft Difproportion made Antaeus, though otherwife robuft, more liable to be furpriz'd, and as it were inckain' d by thc Lcgs of his Adverfary. His Skin, befides. Tawny if not Black; The Sun to which He was continually expos'd, imbrowning his whole Body. And' This may fuffiee for the Appearance and Difpofition of both the Combatants at their fii^ft Ap proach. But now You fee Them ingaging or rather after having ingaged. And the Vi^ory falls to Her cules. He fiibdues Antaeus, by holding Him fu- fpended from Earth. For Earth, as often as He was overthrown, gave A n t ae u s her Affiftance ; She in dued his Hands and Feet with new Motion and Vigor. Hercules, doubtful a while what Courfe to take, at laft feizes Antaeus round the Waift ; He grafp'd Him juft between the Ribs and Flank; He rais'd Him on his Thigh; and fqueezing both his Hands together. He placed his Elbow on his Stomach; panting and gafp- ing for Breath Antaeus expires; The ^treme Parts of ( '02 ) of thofe Ribs that lie near the Liver yielding to the Prefltire of Hercules. Hark, how He groans 1 See how He looks upon Earth, unable now to rife to his Affiftance. Behold the Victor on the other Side ! How invincible He ftands 1 With what Difdain He fmiles at his concluding Labor. Nor let the Summit of that Mountain pafs unobferv'd; from which the Gods, as You fee, furvey the Conteft. A Golden Cloud is fpread around, beneath whofe arching Vault They inhabit. And lo ! defcends the Meflenger of the Gods, who flies, in Return for the glorious Spe<9:d,cle, to crown the Head of Hercules with his own Hands. Lucan, though He rarely touches the Fabulms, gives this Account of A n t ae u s, Nondum pofi, genitos tellus off'a^ta Gtg/mtas. T'erribilem Libyeis partum concepit in antris. Nec tam jufta fuit terrarum gloria Typhon, Aut Tityos, Briareufque ferox : ccehque pepercit, ^od non Phlegrais Antaum fufiulit arvis. Hoc quoque tam vafias cumulavit munere vires Terra fui fcetus, quod, cum tetigere parentem, > fam defeSla vigent, renovato robore, membra : Hac illifpelunca domus: latuiffefub alta Rupe ferunt, epulas raptos habuijfe leones. Adfomnos non ter ga fera prabere cubile fuerunt, nonfilva torum : vir ef que refumfit Jn nuda tellure jacens. , Periere coloni Arvorum Libyes : The teeming Earth, for ever firefh and young. Yet, after many a Giant Son was ftrong; When ( I03 ) When lab'ring, here, with the prodigious Birth, She brought her youngeft-born Antteus forth. Of all the dreadful Brood which erft She bore. In none the fruitful Beldame gloried more. Happy for Thofe above She brought Him not. Till after Phlegra's doubtful Field was fought: That this her DarUng might in Force excel, A Gift She gave; whene'er to Earth He fell. Recruited Strength He from his Parent drew. And ev'ry flackning Nerve was ftrung anew. Yon Cave his Den He made; where oft for Food, He fnatch'd the Mother Lion's horrid Brood. Nor Leaves, nor fhaggy Hides his Couch prepar'd. Torn from the Tyger, or the fpotted Pard ; But ftretch'd along the naked Earth He lies : New Vigor ftill the native Earth fupplies. Whate'er He meets his ruthlefs Hands invade. Strong in Himfelf, without his Mother's Aid, The Strangers that, unknowing feek the Shore, Soon a worfe Shipwreck on the Land deplore. Dreadful to All, with matchlefs Might He reigns, Robs, fpoils, and maflacres the fimple Swains, And all unpeopled lie th' Libyan Plains. Rowe. ] The fame Author gives Us a moft circumftantial Ac count of his Combat with Hercules. Tandem vulgata cruenti Fama mali, terras monftris aquorque levantem, Magnanimum Alciden Libycas excivit in oras, Ille Cleonei projecit terga leonis; Antaeus Libyci, perfudit membra liquore . "~"~' ~ Hofpes, ( 104 ) Hofpes, Olympiaca fervator more paJaftra. Ille parum fidens pedibus contingere matrem, Auxilium membris calidas infudit harenas: Conferuere manus, et multo brachia nexu, Colla diu gravibus fruftra fentata lacertis, Immotumque caput fixa cum fronte tenetur. Miranturque habuiffe parem. Nec viribus uti Alcides primo voluit certamine totis, Exhaufifque virum : quod creber anheUtus illi' Prodidit, et gelidus feffo de Corpore fudor. Tunc cervix lafiata quati: tunc PeBore peSlus Urgeri : tunc obliqud percujfa labare Crura manu. fam terga viri cedsntia vi^or Adligat, et medium compreffts ilibus arcat : Inguinaque incertis pedibus difiendit, et omnem Explicuit per membra vtf'i\/iy, P2 '%l ( io8) *£| 'E^i^djg d^ovlft KUVA i^vyt^S 'A'/jJcte, "',..': OvK AV \ssrt^i(pvyt Sryyof vSAfsg a'fjrd ptta^A. So fpoke th' Imperial * Regent of the Skies ; To Whom the Goddefs -j- with the azure Eyes ; Long fince had Hector flain'd thefe Fields with Gore, Stretch'd by fome Argive on his native Shore : But He ^ above, the Sire of Heav'n, withftands. Mocks our Attempts, and flights our juft Demands. The ftubborn God, inflexible and hard. Forgets my Service and deferv'd Reward : Sav'd I for This his Fav'rite 4- Son diftreft. By ftern Euristheus with long Labours preft ? He begg'd, with Tears He begg'd, in deep Difinay ; I fhot from Heav'n, and gave his Arm the Day. Oh I had my Wifdom known this dire Event, When to grim Pluto's gloomy Gates He went. The TiPLE Dog had never felt his Chain, Nor Styx been crofs' d, nor Hell explor'd in vain. Pope. In the Sixth Book of theiEneid, Charon tells the Son of Anchises, Nec vero Alciden me fum latatus euntem Accepifie lacu : nec Thefea Pirithoumq; Dis quanquam geniti & inviSlis viribus ejfent : Tartarium Ille manu cuftodem in vincla petivit, Ipf us a folio Regis, traxitque trementem. . Nor was I pleas'd Pirithous once to bear; Nor haughty Theseus with his pointed Spear ; Nor ftrong Alcides ; Men of mighty Fame I And from th' immortal Gods their Lineage came. * J.UNO. -f MiKERVA. ^ Jupiter. \ Hercuies. In I \ C 109 ) In Fetters One the barking Porter tfd. And took Him trembling from his Sov' reign's Side. Dryden. For a Defcription of this triple- headed Monfter, I" muft refer the Reade^to the following Lines from the fame Book of Virgil. Cerberus hac ingens latratu regna trifauci Perfonat, adverfo recubans immanis in antro. Cui vates, horrere videns jam colla colubris, Melle foporatam et medicatis frugibus offdm Objicit. Ille fame rabida tria guttura pandens Corripit objeElam ; atque immania terga refolvit Fufus humi : totoque ingens extenditur antro. No fooner landed, in his Den They found The Triple Porter of the Stygian Sound ; Grim Cerberus: Who foon beg-an to rear His crefted Snakes, and arm his briftling Hair. The prudent Sibyl had before prepar'd A Sop, in Honey fteep^d, to charm the Guard ; Which, mix'd with pow'^rful Drugs, She caft before His greedy grinning Jaws, juft ope'd to roar. With three enormous Mouths He gapes ; and ftrait. With Hunger preft, devours the pleafing Bait. Long Draughts of Sleep his monftrous Limbs enflave ; He reels, and falling fills the fpacious Cave.. ' Dryden. XXXIV. Hercules fubduing with his Arrows the Birds cal led the Stymphalidae. The ancient Poets and Hiftorians have highly celebrated this Vidory of Hercules. Thefe ( IIO ) Thefe Birds, fay the Authors, had Talons an^ irgovsvsvKorog rS ArXavrog op^v rs vird^X^i, j^ daBpjLa(vovrog ^vvisvat. rdrs iv ru ii^avu, ov (pi§si, ysy^ai^rai ijlsv sv alBsfi, oTrotog its^l dvrd s<^^y.sv. sfi Ss ^vvsT- vai rdv^a rs, og S)j iv iifav^ ravfog, df/iruv rs, oiroTm iasT o- fuvrai. >C) TTVSv/iidruv. ysy^aicrui yd^ rd pisv ^w dxpjxoig, rd Ss i^ dXkYjXuv. yj roTgpjLsv y- yiipjLSVoi, dvr^g SsvSfu sTvui. dXXd rS B^uasg' sttI rh H^aaXsa §roi, yj UTToarsTvui (pucri auUvSovra, Setaatav S' dv -JS' sy§r,yQ- §ora, 0 S' sv UTcaXyj' rp ¦i\jdpipji(>) auBsvSsi, aayXra dvrov wtoSs- Svaorog iv rp TcuXp. yij iravrl rSi g-s^v^ ro daBpiu icpsXasrui, XUvSov sfjiiriTrXdfisvog rS vnva. dvrog rs o virvog s(Pst- *T7re, Kftivptcij(^ yMff^^jf.. -^fovfiBeie^ dyoii^tld^. AoTt a dvBiuy 'tKeiy^ ^Ti^ayag o'tag "^vy^d^w TOf ptATUTT^ pta. '¦zs:iKcuet. To Q KAVplfA T "E^UTUy K^AOt^ Ttvi. cTKiTrd^u ; Fill, kind Fen^ales, fill the BowL Lo ! for Wine expires my Soul. Wine alone can give Me Breath,^ Lo! I pant, I thirft, to Death. Spread the Wreath,, kind Fem^iles,, fpreaji., Bind anew my burnlijg. I^a^^ How ( 123 ) How the Heats the Flow'rs «onfume ? Spoil their Odor? Spoil their Bloom? Ceafe your Arts, kind Females, ceafe. Thirfts, like Thofe, We foon appeafe. Heats, like Thofe, We foon allay. Stay your Hands, kind Females, ftay. Teach Me rather to remove, Thefe my Thirfts, my Heats, of Love. For when Thefe my Heart invade. What can quench Me ? What can fhade ? Or, perhaps, Iole crowns Hercul.es with her own Hands ; in Return for the Labors He had under taken for her Sake. For E u r y t u s King of Oechalia, a City of Rubma, had promifed Hercules to give Him his Daughter Iole. But refufing afterwards tc^ perform the Contrad ; Hercules laid Siege to Oecha lia, and recovered his Miftrefs at the Expence of her Father's Life. The great Influence, if not Authority, that Iole preferved over Hercules, is well painted by his Wife Deianira, as Ovid makes her fpeak. Gratulor Oechaliam titulis accedere vefiris : ViBorem viSla fuccubuiffe queror. Fama Pelafgiadas fubito pervenit in Urbes Decolor, et faBis inficianda tuis ; ^em nunquam fvmo, jeriefque immenfa Laborum Fregerit ; huic Men impofuifie jugum. Hoc velit Euryftheus, velit hoc Germana Tonantis ; Lataque fit vita labe noverca tua. At non Ille velit, cui nox (ft creditur). una Non tanti, ut tantus cmciper ere, fuit. R z Plus ( 1 24 ) Plus tibi, quam Juno, nocutf Fenus. Ilia premenck Sufiulit : Hac humili fub pede colla tenet. Rejpice vindicibus pacatum viribus Orbem, ^a latum Nereus Carulus ambit humum. Se tibi pax terra, tibi fe tuta aquora debent : Implefii meritis Solis utramque domum. $luod te laturum efi, Ccelum prior ipfe tulifii : Hercule fuppofito fidera fulcit Atlas. /^id nifi notitia efl mifero quafita pudori. Si cumulas turpi faSia prior a notaf 'fene ferunt geminos prejftjfe tenaciter anguis f ^ , Cum tener in cunis jam fove dignus eras. \ '¦ Ccepifii melius quam definvs. Ultima- primis V-- Cedunt : difiimiks hi'c vtr, et' ille- puer. !^em non mille fera, quem non Stheneleius hofpes Non potuit funo vincere ; vincit Amor. . . . Hac tamen audier am : licuit non credere fama, Fn venit ad fenjiis mollis ab aure dolor. Ante meos oculos adducitur advena pellex : Nec mihi, qua pat ior, diftimulare licet. Non finis averii? mediam captiva per urbent Invttis oculis afpicienda "venit. Nec venit incultis cnptarum rnore capillis, Fortunam vultus fajfa tegendo fuos. Ingreditur late lato JpeSlabilis auro : ^aliter in Phrygia tu quoque cultus eras. Dat vultum populo fublime fub Hercule viBo t Oechaliam vivo fiare parente putes. Forfitan et pulsd Mtolide Deianira, Nomine depofito pellicis uxor erit : Furytidofque loles, atque infant Alcida Turpia famofus corpora junget Hymen.. Mem ( 125 ) Mens fugit admonitu, frigusque perambulat artus. Ft jacet in gremio languida faBa manus. Oechalia raz'd by your refiftlefs Sword ; I joy and pride in my victorious Lord. But when a Slave before his Slave He lies ; . My abjed Lord I pity and defplfe. Thro' wond'ring Greece quick flew malignant Fame; And as She fpreads your Glory, fpreads your Shame. Lo! Juno's- Hate, and more than Human ToilSj Advance your Triumphs, and increafe your Spoils. But, lo ! the Conqu'ror of a World in Arms Stoops, the mean Vidim of his Captive's Charms ! Him, W^hci thfv Malice of Rukistheus braves, A wanton Glance of Iole inflaves. This Juno fees,. Euristheus fees, with Joy ; The Man Alcides funk below the Boy. This fees,^ but fees with Pain, fuperior Jove ; Who ftamp'd his Image in luxuriant Love. Was it for This, coUeding all his Might, He lengthen'd into three one labor'd Night ? To form this Sample of Etherial Race, Why Half that Ardor? And why half that Space ? Lefs hurtfiil Juno's Frowns,- than Venus' SmUes ; That rais'd your Fame, whofe Splendor This defiles. Peace to the ravag'd Earth your Arms reftore ; In Safety may the Sailor quit the Shore. Nor Monfters now, of Beafts or Men, are found ; . Far as old Ocean laves th' extremeft Ground. Far as furveys the Pow'r, That all furveys. Or with his Rifing, or his Fallmg Rays. When Atlas droop'd beneath his Starry Load ; A.Man you bore, what fhall bear you, a God.- And ( is6 ) And fliall one A^im # the Reft efface ? And all your Glory turn to your Difgraoe ? Two Serpents perife'd by yomr Infant Ire ! What more could Jove with hk Ceeleftlai.Fire ? , But ill You finifh, whait you weU )m§mi How much the Boy fuperior to the Man? Compare the Firft Alcides with the Laft: ; How mean the Prefent, and how gceat -the Paft ? Whom not a Thoufand Monfters cou'd o'^throw^ Whom not Euristheus, thy more fav^ge Foe; Whom not the Hate of Jun® uof the Art: Him ! Love o'erthrows with one triumphant Dart. This, Fame eonv^'d; I feornM liie Vok« of Fame. I knew not, I or would not know my Shamte. But, lo! the Slave in Regal Pomp appears ; My Eyes muft now bear Witnefs to my Ears. All Eyes muft fee what's publifh'd by all Tongues ; Nor can I hide your Errors or my Wrongs. Ev'n now, in all the Pride of Guilty State, She comes ! She comes ! Triumphant o'er her Fate. Slow thro' the City moves her fplendid Train ; The Captive glories in her Vidor's Chain. Her abjedl Fortune, all her Looks bely; She awes the Crowd with a fuperior Eye. Where now of Slave the HaH.t or the Air ? The Face dejected, or diihevel'd Hair ? Her Sire ftill feems his Kiogdorijs to pofiefs ; The Spoils of Nations, lavifh'd on her Drefs, Thus were You feen, thro' Phrygia feen, and fcorn'd. In Female Robes, diftiox^ly adorn'd ! But hold I-.:— This, AEen Sfeve You mean to wed! Already ftaiu'd She naomita my fpotlei^ Bed. My ( 1^7 ) My cruel Lordi! wimfr Madnefy fires yourt Brain, The; &cred Touch, of HyfaBN to prasfane.? Call- not the €ha:ftBE God to join and aid. The perjur'd Hufbatid, and polluted Maid. The diftant Thought unable to withftand ; Low finks into my Lap my languid Hand. The vital" E^sait forfakes thy injur'd Wife ; And the laft Tremor flopa the Springs of Life. ¦ XXXVIIL Herculi?s refcuing Me g a r a, his Wife, out ofthe Hknds of Lycus King of T h e b e s : The Story is This. Hercules^ defcended to the Infernal Regions, in order to reflbre* A l c e s t e s to her Husband. His Abfence occafion'd in the World a general Rumor of his Death. It was not prefumed^ that he could find a Way back from that Pl^e. . "Unde Fata negant^ quemquam' redire Whence Fata permits no- Mbrtal- to return. Upon this Prefumption Lyctjs, King of Thebes, refolv'd to: carry^ off Megara-, Whom He confidered' as the Widow notthe Wife of Hercule s; But hav ing happily finifhed his Enterprife, Hercules ap peared again, in the very Inftant of Time, in which Lycus was going to marry his Wife. The King of Thebes was killed; in the Conteft ; to revenge whofe Death Juno, it is faid, made Hercules mad; Who in his Phrenzy l^id violent Hands on the Children He had by Me G AR381 the Rules of Probability; It opens a larger Field for the Poet; and gives a better Color to the Cruelty of thc Tyrant; Whofe Motive appears too Bafe in Euri pides. Lycus takes hold of this Occafion, and ad dreffes Himfelf to Megara; Who had retired with Amphitryon to the Altar of J u p i t e r. His Over ture is not fuch as We find it in Euripides. He does not tell Her in rude and dired Terms, that He comes to Sacrifice Her to his Intereft ; On the Con trary, He makes Her a fubmiffive and artful Declara tion of his Paffion. Racine feems to have had Him in View ; where P y r r h u s, applying Himfelf to A n- DROMACHE, tclls Her, He quoi, 4J0tre courroux n'a-t-il pas eu fon cours f Peut-on hair fans ceffe, ^ punit-on toujours'^ And will You never your Difdain fiifpend ? Hate without Ceafe ! And punifh without End ? Megara's Reply is not in the Manner of Andro mache. She had to deal with a Tyrant lefs generous than Py RRHu s. She tells Him ; She will never touch the Hand ftained with the Blood of her Father and Brothers. No rather let the Univerfe be fubverted (for This is the Subftance of five or fix Latin Turns that follow) than Megara yield to Him, that robb'd Her of her Father, Brothers, Scepter, Country ! But, continues Megara; -^id ultra efi f Una res fuperefi mihi^ Fratre ac Parente carior. Regno, ac Lare„ Odium ( '39) Odium tui j i^od effe cum populo mihi Commune Meo. Remains there ought that I may calf my own ?— — Dear, as my Brother, Father, Country, Throne, This, This remains (beyond the Pow'r of Fate) My Hate of Thee! My everlafting Hate ! That Thebes partakes this Bleffing grieves my Soul; In This Megara wou'd ingrofs the whde. After this Declaration She lays before the Tyrant, the moft celebrated Crimes tranfaded in Thebes, and punifhed by the Gods. And She prefages, that his Deftiny will be conformable to the Deftiny of thofe Monfters, whom He fucceeded in Time, but furpaffed in Wickednefs. To This, Lycus makes no very good Defence. He allows that He infringes all Law, Divine, or Human. Yet he undertakes to juftify the Death of Creon and the Brothers of Megara. His Rea- foning is This. Cruento cecidit in bello Pater. Cecidere Fratres. Arma non fervant modum Nec temperari, nec reprimi potefi StriBi enfis ira. Bella deleBat Cruor. Sed Ille regno pro fuo ; Nos improba Cupidine aBi ; quaritur Belli exitus Non Caufa. Your Sire fell headlong from his Royal Car, Your ev'ry Brother fell; The Fate of War! And when the lifted Sword begins to rage. What Hand can fliea'th, what Temper can affuage, T 2 Its ( 140 ) Its Thirft of Bbod ? Then Slaughter yields Delight.— m» But would you judge the Wrong, or judge the ,Ri|;ht i Your Father ifought, hi* Setter lo: maintain j I fought, by mad Ambition fir,ed» to gain :. Who beft deferv'd to lofe It, or foflefs j Decide not by the Motive,, but Succef^^ He concludes ; thkt Megara 6Ught to £otget all ibr- mer Difobligations, and furrender Herfelf to the Con queror. It is a Wife, and not a Captive, that He is; willing to attach to his Party. He admires, rather than condemns, her Magnanimity of Soul. The Mag nanimity of M e g a r a, is the very Corifideration, that makes Him think Her vrarthy of Lycus. The Wi dow of Hercules confirms her refufal by Execra*- tions. Lycus ftrengthens his Demand with Menaces.. He calumniates the Adions and Birth of Hercule s^ Amphitryon juftifies Him on both thefe Points. The Conteft is lively and clofe 5^ but th^ic^ is Nothing fublime or interefting in the Subjed; fb ridiculous is, the Fable upon which it is fouii^d. Seneca, it mufl be granted, took this from Eur ipi de s. But He has made a bad Thing worfe. Upon the Whole, the Hercules of Seneca is well attacked, but ill der fended. Fortem vocemus, cujus ex humeris Eea Donum puella faBus, & clava Excidit, .^ Fulfitque piBum vefie Sidonia latus f Fortem vocemus, cujus horrerAes coma Maduere nardot Laude qui not as manus Ad non^virilem tympani mtroet fonum^ Mitr^: _ _ ( HI ) ' Mitra ferocem harbara frmtem premem f The Great! And fhall we call Him Great of Mindj That to the Lydian Dame his Club refign'd ? Strips the rough Lion from hjsTiarden'd Sides ? And in a pidur'd Tyriam Veftment prides ? Great fhall Wc call Him,? That with female Air,. And female Odors laves his knotted. Hair, Whofe wei^ty Hand upon a Timbrll plays ? Whofe founding Voice attempts unmanly Lays ? Him Great? Whofe knowa Ferocity of Face A Phrygian Mitra foftens to Difgrace ? What anfwers A m p h lt r y on > Far from difowning fb difhonorable a Part ofthe Herculean Story, He^ attempts to juftify the H e ro by the Example of B a c- GHus. He even adds; that great Labors require Re laxation, Lycus proceeds to the moft outragious In folence : A Proof that the Author of this Piece, was as ill inftruded in^What regards the Manners, as in What' relates to the other Rules of the Theatre. This Verfe- of Lycus, applied to Megara, is a fufficient In-^ ftance. Fel ex coaBd nobilem partem fer am.- That is, " He propofes to ufe Violence, as well to- " gratify his PaftiGn, as to get an Heir of illuftrious " Defcent." Upon this, Megara attefts the Manes oi Creon, Oedipus, and the Houfe of Labdacus; determined, as She is, " to complete the Number of " the Dana ides;" meaning to affiliate fuch. a Huf band as Lycus, and to ad what all thofe- fifty Sifters I. aded|,, ( U2 ) aded, except Hypermnestra. From Love the Tyrant paffcs to Fury. He commands his Atten dants to furround the Altar with Wood; refolved to facrifice the whole Race of H e R c u l e s. A m p h i- TRYON in vain defires to die the Firft. He has now no Recourfe, but to Hercules; whom He in vokes with loud Exclamations. The Earth feems al ready to tremble, and the Heavens to open. The Chorus declaims as ufual; and loads thc Goddefs For tune with Imprecations; invoking Hercules, in their Turn, to rife from the Infernal Regions. The Example of Orpheus is detailed at Length; and Valor, it is hoped, would gain as much from Pluto, as Mufic. ^^a vinci pot erit Regialcantibus, Hac vinci poterit Regia viribus. The Court fubdued by Mufic' % '-Charms, That Court may be fubdued hy Arms. In the midft of this Calamity Hercules enters ; and It is in this Point of Light we are to corifider the Gem here exhibited. XXXIX. Omphale or Iole dreft in the Arms of Hercu les. There are feveral Gems of the fame Subjed, and almoft the fame Compofition. Agostini has given Us fome. See likewife the Florentine Colledion. ^ We have fpoke at large of Iole in the XXXVlIth Article. In this Place We fhall treat o£ I Omphale. XXXIX ( '43 ) Omphale; Who was in her Turn One of thc moft celebrated Miftrcffes of H e r c u l e s. It is hard to fay, according to the Charader Antiquity has left of H e r c u- L E s, whether He was more frequently engaged in the Fields of Mars, or in the Camps of V e n us. For befides; his more legitimate Wives Megara and Deianira; or Omphale and Iole already mentioned ; He is faid to have forced Auge, Daughter of A l e u s, and AsTEDAMiA Daughter of Ismenus ; Both of Royal Blood. Not to forget the fifty Princeffes of Boeotia, Daughters of Thespius Son of Theutrantes; by Whom, as fome Authors fay. He got no lefs than Fifty Male-Children in one Night; or as Others fum Them, Fifty-One, by Forty-Nine of thefe Sifters; The Fiftieth jheroically maintaining her Honor againft the mighty Force of Hercules. Deianira feems. of a different Opinion in Ovid, when She reproaehea Him. Hac mihi ferre parum; per egrinos addis Amores: Ft mater de te qualibet effe potefi. Non ego Partheniis temeratam vallibus Augen,. Nec referam partus, Ormeni Nympha, tuos. Non tibi crimen erunt, Theutrantia turba, forores i ^arum de populo nulla reliBa tibi. But worfe your Foreign Loves my Peace invade. From You, rtiay rife a Mother, any Maid. Not that your ancient Flames anew moleft ; Your * Nymph of Ormenus, by Force compreftl Your Auge, in Parthenian Vallies won ! Nor either Piincefs" with her fpurious Son. I * ASTYDAMIA. Nojr ( 144 ) Nor will I here Reproach You with the Staln^ Or Conqueft, of the whole Theutrantian Train; A Croud of Sifters witnefs to your Rapes : Not One of all that Croud of Sifters fcapes. The prefent Concern of Deianira arofe from his Love of O M p h A L e, Daughter to Iardanus, and Queen of Lydia; What follows will fufficiently ex plain the Charader She bears in this Gem. I Se quoque Nympha tuis ornavit lardinis armis, Et tulit e capto nota trophaa viro. I nunc, telle animos, & fortia gefia recenfe. ^od tu mn efies jure, vir ilia fuit. . . . FU procedit rerum menjiira tuarum. Cede bonis : hares laudis amica tua. Pro pudor ! hirfoti coftas exuta Leonis, Ajpera texerunt vellera moile latus. Fuller is Q? nefcis : non funt fpolia ifia Leonis, Sed tua. Tuque fieri vlBor es ; Mia tui. Fcemina tela tulit LERN.ffiis atra venenis, Ferre gravem land vix fatis apta colum : Inftruxitque manum cla'vd domitrice ferarum : Vidit & in fpeculo conjugis arma Jui. Herculean Drefs affumes the Lydian Dame, Who on her vanquifti'd Herd builds her Fame. Prides in his Weapons, to the World well-known. And all his noted Triumphs makes her own. Go now, and boaft your Valour and your Might 1 Recite each Labor ! And again recite ! To Omphale the great Applaufe Is due ; In Thee the Maid, In Her the Man, We view. The XL ( 145 ) The Trophies rais'd by Thee her Glory raife. Praife not Thy-felf j A Woman heirs thy Praife.' Tdar from her Breaft, for Shame, that briftly Hide. A fofter Skin fhould cloath that fofter Side. Ill with thy Boafts, the Spoils She wears, agree. Not taken frota the Lion, but from Thee. Subdu'd the Son of Jove the Savage Brood ; But Omphale, the Son of Jove, fubdu'd. Ll Him the Vidor of the Beaft We fee. The Vidor of the Beaft and Man is She. A Woman bears, what late Alcides bore. The Quiver'd Arrows fbin'd in L&Rnean Gore. And finks She not beneath the warfike Freight, To Whom a loaded DiftafF feem'd a Weight ? Vain ofthe Conqtieft, at h^ Glafs She ftands And brandifhes his Arms with feeble Hands, And wields his pond'rous Oub, or ftrives to wield; His Club that made fo many Monfters yield! XL. Hercules repofing after his Labors. Some of his moft glorious Exploits are here reprefented. He is feated on the Skin of the Nemean Lion. Behind Him Hes the Bow, with which He fubdued the S t y m p h a l i c Birds. At his^Feet are the three Hesperian Apples, and the Oead of the E r y m a n t h i an Boar. On a Rif- irig ^aippeats a Sphynx, and^b^hind that Animal the Club of H^E R c u L E s ; ^o fatal to Monfters and Rob- b'EVs. Abov'e Him is Wr'ole a Greek Infcription; the Charaders perfed and the Senfe intelligible; It implieis that, ** An honorable Repofe is only attainable by <'<^bor. ° U Car- ( 146 ) Carracci has again made ufe of this Defign in the fame Apartment of the Palace Farnese, mentioned' in thc XXXVth Article. This Gem is the Ground-work of his Compofition. He has omitted Nothing but the Greek Infcription and the Sphynx. Nor can I well devife, what Occafion there was for the Latter in this Place. Hercules had never any Engagement with the Sphynx. There are two Sorts of thefe Monfters reprefented on Antiquities. Thc One is called Egyptian, and always imploy'd in the Monuments of Egypt; The Other, Theban. Th.^ Egyptian Sphynx is diftinguifhed by the Bandages, round her Head like the Mummies ; The Iheban, wears the common Female Head-drefs, and has Wings. Perhaps, it was intended to emblemize the Prudence that ought to accompany the Hero in all his Enterprizes. As well in this Gem, as- in the Painting, Hercules holds a Sword upon whicii He leans. This Weapon, It feems to Me, was lefs familiar to Him than the Bow or Club. The Compofition of this Piece is exquifite ; Thc Stone is a Cornelian ; and lies in the Cabinet of Mon fieur Crozat. There have been many Antique Copies taken from It. * * Tho' the Bow, Club, and Lion Skin were morcTa- miliar to Hercules; The Artift is not guilty of the le3;ft Impropriety; whei^ He attributes the Sword ta the fame Hero. , Euripides, fpeaking of his Engage ment with Ly cus, calls It, the Contention of the Sword, or the Sword-ConfliEied-Combat. And Valerius Flaccus gives Him the fame Weapon, in the Third Book of his Argonauticgn, Hasl ( H7 ) Has, precor, exuvias & prima cadavera, Nestor, Linquite, ait : ferro potius mihi dextera, ferro Navet opus: prenfumque manu detruncat Amastrum. Let not thofe Spoils or Heaps thy Courfe delay, (O Nestor!) the firft Honors of the Day. My Sword, this Field demands, my Sword ! (He faid) And left Amaster, fhorter by the Head. As for his Club and Lion's Skin, They have been already illuftrated in the XXXIft Article. But It will be ne ceffary to explain here the Defign of thofe three Ap ples and the Boar's Head ; other noted Symbols of Hercules. As to his Labor of the Erymanthian Boar ; Qji intus Calaber gives Us this fhort P;dure of It, in his Defcription of E uripilus's Shield; on which the twelve principal Labors of Hercules were reprefented. 'E^«)7ff ^' 'tTiTVKTO I3tt] trvog dKApidTOlO KAVpiA l^iiv, TTAyTiS-Ti TtTtptivl^ dBAvdTOITf, X^va-tn 6k xg^T5jp@v> d(pvircruv vtKTAp 'tpvB'poy, T^UA ^ "^(vBl^ AXA .:. ."^¦' ..n r I': ¦ \ r:..: ( 153 ) Kai fnv Zivg 'tXifjTi, SlSav Si el tjog d-n-otvA VTT'jffwg A'py'tTooAg, toi t dBAVATOvg (popiourtp Tag 01 oupov tduKtv ixiV SfTrtv Tt iKA/* 7(j dvcCi^Ag ^iTTAg dpu^tKVTrtXXov MfjTi^ (plXyi bv x^'i^t TiBsi, kai ptiv TrpuirieiTrt, TiTXABt, pirjTi^ 'tptt], Xj dvderxio, Kvi^ojJiAvti Trip . .., '''iif CpdTO. piei^fi(riv q B-td X^KuXiv@^ '^Hptj. "Met^^a-AiTA Q, "^At^og 't^t^ATo x^tA KVTrtXXov. AvTd^ 0 Totg AXXottrt BtoUg cvSt^tA TsrAirtv 'Clivoxoet, yXvKv ytKTAp dyro KptiTyjpog dCpvosuv " Atrfifr®^ o d^ cvupTo ytXug [jtiAKd^tasri BtolTtv, 'ng 'tooy H», 'og (JbiyA "tpyov cv dB.Ay4T0tiriv xlvu&T-a>gt Ncdit Jjl4(»l'T(^ Kj dyri^(^ 'i}[*a>TA TFAVXO^, Foi* the Third Line of Hesiod is the fame with the laft of Homer. Great Hercules, Who with Misfortunes. ftrove Long, is rewarded by a virtuous Love, Hebe, the Daughter ofthe thund'ring Gop, By his Fair Confort Juno Golden-fhod; Thrice happy He fafe from his Toils to rife, And ever-young a God to grace the Skies, CaOfKE. But ( i6i ) But Paus A Ni as in his Attica, defcribing a certain Temple, calls Hebe the Daughter of Jupiter; His Words are thefe. Bw^itoJ ^s siaiv 'HpxxXsovg ts t^ "irL§y}g, ^v Aiog •KotiS'oi (yuaoiv avvotasTv 'H^ctaXsT vopili^aaiv, " And here ** alfo are feen the Altars of Hercules and Hebe *' who is faid to have been the Daughter of Jupiter, *^ and Wife of Hercule s." Servius (upon Virgil) accounts for the Degra- 4lation of Hebe in this Manner. As Jupiter was feafting once in Ethiopia, H e b e attended in her Office; The Goddess of Youth unfortunately trip'd in the very Ad of Adminiftring the Bowl. She not only threw Part of the Nedar upon her Father, but in her Fall expofed whatever is held moft facred to Modefty. The Indecorum coft her dear: For Ju- PITER difcharged Her from his Service, and pxefer'd Ganymede in her ftead. Thus far Serviu.s. Yet Authors are not eafily reconciled on this Head ; nei ther with Others, nor with Themfelves. Homer, in that Paflage of his Hymn inf^ted in Article XLI, gives the Charge of Jupiter's Bowl to Ganymede; tOr if It be doubtful whether that Piece is Genuine or Spurious; Homer fays at leaft the fame Thing in thofe Lines of his Iliad cited in the XLIId. And yet, in the Fourth Book of the fame Poem^ We find Hebe jofficiating inftead of Ganymede; and This in a full Affembly of the G oos. 'Oi 3 B-ioi -zs-dp Zluut KABnf^ot ijyopouvTO XpviriM cv ^ATTi^M, pitTA ^i crCpts-t 'zxroTyiA'-R^a NexTrtp 'iuvoxo^- ™ 0 XP^'^'^'"S oiTrdiort Ast^iX^T dXX^Xag, T^uuv ts-oXiv eicropcuyTig. Y Md ( i62 ) And now Olympus* fhining. Gates unfold ; The Gods, with Jove, afillime their Thrones of Gold : Immortal Hebe, frefh with Bloom divine. The golden Goblet crowns with purple Wine : While the full Bowls flow round, the Pow'rs employ Their careful Eyes on long-contended Troy. And This the Commentators endeavour to reconcile; by fuppofing that Ganymede was a particular At tendant on Jupiter; but Hebe, on the Inferior Order of Gods. Be That as it will; Pausanias in his Corinthiaca, affures Us, that Hebe and Gany mede were one and the fame Perfon. " Within this Caftle " of the Phliasians there is a Cyprefs-Grove (fays that *' A uthor) and in that Grove aTemple held in great Vene- '^^ ration by the Ancients, Who ufed to call the Goddess, " to Whom It was dedicated, Ganymede; later Ages " called Her Hebe. H o m e r mentions Her juft after " the Combat between Paris and Menelaus; calling ** Her 'Oivo^odv, (Wine-Bearer ;) again in the Defcent of " Ulysses to the Infernal Regions, where He calls *' Her the Wife of Hercules. Olen the Poet in his- "^ Hymn to Juno, fays, Juno was nurtur'd bythe ** Hours; and that her Children were Mars and Hebe." The Paflage runs thus in Pausanias. "En yd^ sv- rp ^Xtocaiuv UK^oitoXsi Kima^iacuv uXaog, ;^ Is^ov dytcoraTov sk- TcuXaiov' Tyjv Jg 9sov yjg hi to Is^ov, ol pisv u^y^atoronoi ^Xicc-^ crlm TuvvpojS'ay, ol 6s vo^s§ov "H&jv oyopjidl^iiciv. '^Hg h^ "OfJiyj^og- fpYjiA.ri)j sTTcr/juccJo sv TYi yisvsxd-a Tr^og AXi^otv^^ov pf.ovoiJiOiyicx. (Zd- fisvog olvoyoov lYiV ^sov sTv.ui. Kai dvBig 'O^ua-a-sug sg u^ov y.ct- 66S'(^ yvvcdm HpuKXsag sVksv sTvai. 'Q.Xyjvi Jf sv 'H^ag sS 'HQa, TsA«*. Ha^ piATti/. fiAtvot 'TfTt, kaXXWa Biuy. Alcides crowns the fond Embrace.; Well-worthy his Celeftial Race : Whofe Wife partakes th' Olympic Bow'r, Sprung from the chafte Connubial-Pow'r, How frefh her Bloom ! How fweet her Air ! To Juno when with Filial Care Young Hebe treads ; Her Charms Divine The brighteft GoddefiTes out-fhine. This fpeaks her very Attitude in the Figure bgfore .Us. Y 2 XLV. ( I^) XLV. Figure of a naked Woman; She ftands ered; liold ing in one Hand a Cornu-copia or Horn of Plenty ; and in the Other three Darts and a Serpent. Behind Her is feen an Altar on which appears a Fire (as ready for Sacrifice.) This is a Complex or Panthxan Figure, intended perhaps to fhow emblematically, that, " Va- ** lor join'd with Prudence produces Abundancfe." ^ This Species of Emblematical Reprefentations is common on the Reverfes of ancient Coins; Which enjoy this Advantage over the Gems; that from the Heads GH the other Side, it is eafy to fix the iEra of Time and Fad of Hiftory, to which the Artift alludes. To the Valor and Prudence o£ what Prince, in what Age,. and from what State, this Compliment was paid, is. left to the more fagacious Antiquarians : I flkll only add as a parallel Cafe ; that Rome, in the Time of Horace, attributed Her Abundance in this man ner to ^u GUST us. For Horace in his Epiftle Fruc- tibus j^grippce^ tells his Friend I t i u Si. Ne tamen ignores quo fit Romana loco res, Cantaber, Agripp^, Claudi virtute Neronis Armenius cecidit: jus imperiumqui Phraates C^SARis accepit genibus minor. Aurea fruges- lTALi.ffi pleno diffudit Copia cornu. If now the State of Rome my Friend dfcmands.^" '— The World fubmlts to our vldorlous Bands. Agrippa triumphs in Cantabrian Fields^ To niighfy Dru&us all Armenia yieldsi iSiort. XX. v^ // / XXiVI ( i65 ) Short by the Knee, Phraatets Bends to own,. The Gift of Cjesar, his indanger'd Throne; Whofe golden Reign, fair ^l^hty, to adorny O'er 4II Italy pours her Copious Horn,. XLVL The Goddefs Salus or Health. The Rom ans worfhipped Her by the Name of Salus; The Gre cians by That of Hygiea. In i?o;«^ a Temple was ereded to Her Honor U. C. CCCCXLVIL This Temple ftood near the Gate Collina, which for its Adjacence was called Porta Salutaris the Salutary Gate, as Livy re ports. Fabius, Who was furnamed Pictor, from his Exercife of this beautiful Art^ adorned with Paint ings the Temple of Health, as Pliny obferves in his Natural Hiflory. This Edifice was burnt down in the Reign; of Claudi^js. Nothing more common than to fee on Medals the Type: of this Goddefs with an Infcription SalutiAuguJhei * This Goddess was held' in great Veneration by the Antients; ATHENytus concludes his Deipnofa- phifles with a beautiful Poean in Honor of Health; this Peean was . wrote by the Poet A r i e h r o n- XriEIA 7rpitr&t'r<»- piAKA^uv, , MtTA (TOV VAtOtptt To XotTT-OptiVOy ^iOTAg, . 2a ^'tpjuot ^ao S yvpxvdg t i68 ) ^ vr^uTVi; Xa^irxg :y)Toi %XctiTOig yj y^ui^Yj fiifiv}ffay.svo-g, ovx *'"•' TS sysvsTo Trvdsa-^M pis' sir si ra ys ql^x^''°'^^^^ sy^votg'h^Tu. o't TS ¦KXd'Tou iC, y.dTd tuvtoc sttoihv ol i^^y^d^oi. Keel 2pA.vfViXi- ¦pig TovTG y.sv sv Ttpls^to TSvNsy,so'Suv vts^ tSv dyaXpjuxTuv x?'-^' aov XdpiTsg dvdKsi^^Tui, TsyvYj BuTcdXov tSto Jf er^tiriv sv tu ^6£(u Xd^Tjog s^iv sIymu 'AttsXXov ypK^ptj. lisfyocfASVolg 6's.ucroaj- Tug sv tS) 'AttuXov QoLXdpjLb) BovTrdXov }^ avrcci }^ Tr^og tw .ovopjLOir- i^oyJvu 'Uv9iu XdpQsg, j^ svjsivdd siai YlvQscyopov ypdi^/avjog Yiot piov. luK^dTYig TS 0 ^uippoulcrnov tt^o TTJg sg tj^v dupoT^oXev sao- .B'ov Xaphm sipydaalo dydXpicQu 'AQyjvaloiog. Kai tuvto, [jlsv sC, x^''^'P^? ^ 7rB6sg Xidov Xsvy.ov. "Exovffi .6s »j fA,sv dulm (}d6'ov, dg-pdyocXov 6s Yj p;.s? T^iTYj xXo^voi OV pisyocv pm^clvYig. "E^siv 6s dvldg hi Tom6s slnd^oi Tig civ TX si§Yi}ji.svoc-^6ov_pLsv y.a.1 •pivpaivYiv " Aip§o6lTY}gTS Ispd sivoci >C, oUsTa T&j sg KdXXog. Xoyu' Xd^iTctg 6's 'A(P§o6ityj pidxi^x sTvxt ^sSv di^^dyxXov TS pA.si§o{^lw ts *^ Trxp&svuv, oTg dr)(api ov6sv ttw tt/jo- trsg-iv SK yjjpug, ¦ twtwv stvai tov d<;.qdyaXov irodyviov. *' The *' G R A CE s alfo (fays our Author) have their Temple. *' Their Images are of Wbod ; their Vefiments adorn d " with Gold ; Their Faces, Hands, and Feet of white " Marble. One of Them holds a Rofe; the Second a *' Die ; The Third weaves a flender Twig of Myrtle : " Whoever attends will eafily conceive the Reafon. The " Rofe and Myrtle are confecrated to V e n u s ; They are ** Emblems of the delicate Bloom of Beauty. The *' Graces, it is well known, are peculiarly affigned " to Venus. The Die is a Symbol of the Sports of " Boys and Maids 5 to denote that Levity, which fits ill *' upon more advanc'd Age, but is becoming to Youth." I could not forbear tranfcribing thefe PafTages at Length ; becaufe I was fenfible They would not only illuftrate the Gems before Us; but Others that have been publifhed in different Colledions, or that ftil! lie buried^ in the Clofets of the Curious. Pausanias feems at a Lofs to account for the Ori gin of the Naked-Grace. Perhaps the firft Inno vating the Artift thought Drefs no Ornament to Beauty. Z Secundus (170) S E c u isi DU s was certainly of a different Opinion, as We may judge from the Beginning of one of his Epigrams; Lumina mt atque animum cepit tua Candida forma; Moribus offendor, torve NE.ffiRA, tuis. Nec mihi nuda places, fed cum veftita recumbis. Basia me capiunt-, non arno concubitus. ^ot dotes Natura dedit, totidem tibi mendas Addidit : Et tamen, heu ! tete ego depereo. Nimirum cacus non efi ciim pulchra tuetur ; T'unc Argum, tunc & Lyncea vincit Amor : At mendas fpeBare, aversd fronte, recufat ; Tunc Gf TiREsiA cafior ac Thamyra. My Love the Beauties of her Form create j The Manners of her Soul provoke my Hate. When dreft, not naked, in my Arms fhe lies; (I loath a Miftrefs that keeps no Difguife) Then my Nejera fhines with fweeteft Grace ; I feek the ravifh'd Kifs, not loofe Imbrace. Nature, to Her, with equal Meafure gave Defeds, to free, Perfedions, to Inflave ; Yet, fpite of Senfe, I doat upon Her ftill. Such, Love, o'er Human Hearts thy fov'reign Will. Love ! ever-quick the flighteft Charm to fpy ; Not Lynx not Argus boaft fo fure an Eye! But ever-flow theplalneft Fault to find; Not Thamyras, Tiresias not fo blind ! The Graces, here exhibited, can hardly be faid to be fully cloathed, tho' two of Them have fome Appear ance of Drapery. They feem rather in an Attitude, between Drefs and Undrefs, conformable to the Requeft of ( 17') of K o R A c E, when He invokes V e n u s to fend Them, Solutis Zonis, to the Houfe of G l y c e r a. O Venus regina Cnidi Paphique, Speme dileBam Cypron, G? vocantis T'hure.te multo .Gl'ycurm decorum Transfer in adem. Fervidus tecum Puer, & folutis Gratis zonis, properentque Nymph.®, Et parum comis, fine te, Juventas, Mercuriusque^ Goddess ofthe Paph ian-Grove ! Queen of Cnidos ! Queen of Love! Queen of Beauty! Leave a-while, Venus ! leave thy Cyprian 1S[q; Glycer A prepares the Shrine, Firft to Thee of Pow'rs Divine. Glycer A thy Aid invokes. Here thy brighteft Altar fmokes." • To complete the Heav'nly Joy, Bring with Thee the Fervent * Boy, Call the Dryads from the Woods, Raife the Naids from the Floods. Here, in decent Order, place, Ev'ry charming Sister-Grace, With their lighter Robes untied; Bid Them lay their Zones afide. There let blooming Youth repair. Let Mercurial Wit be there. Without Thee, Companion fit! What is Youth ? and what is Wit ? • Cu PID. z 3 XLvm^ ( 172 ) XLVIIL Another Defign of thc Graces. Thefe are nake^, conformable to the Common Cuftom. Befide Them are feen two Vafes, One of which is placed on a Co lumn. * Ancient Authors are not well agreed, Goncemfng the Origui or the Number of the Graces; as appears by the Teftimony of P a u s a n i a s in his B o e o t i c a. ToV 6's'ETSO}i?Jx?Jym(r.tvolBciuTolXdpia'iv dvd^uwuv Wa-crn TrpuTov. Kul OTI pisv Tpstg sTvoci Xdpnag wai>is^Ts}i]Siiog [^ daoi ysAiovvaov) tov 'A7r6x9^^.xvlxi TfsTg. Ua^x 6s dvrxTg TsXsTi^v d,yov7iv sg Tovg iroXXo-ug dTcdpfnYjTov. "H-Xijup^g pdv 6^ TT^uTog UV 'tcriJLSV, yfcrsv sg Xd^nag, its^x 6s ovts dpidpiov tts^i, CUTS sg TX ovopixld sg-iv ov6sv duju. TrsTroiyjfxsvov. "OpiYifog 6s [sfJLVYjpidvsvas. yx^ Xx^ituv ;^, ovTog) t^v- pisv 'H^xl^ov yvvxTaa sTvxi Xsysi, y^ 'ovopix dvTp ti^stxi Xx^tv. UxmMxg 6s sTvxi "Tttvov (pYjiQ-lv spxTijv. 'Ev 6s "Tttvov TdUg Xdyoig to lirog sTtolYjCSVi H iJLSv sy.ol 6u(;siv X6t u xdptTtg pttyAXcovvpbot, dyXAOTtpiot QvyATiPig Ztjvog Tt Evyopiitis ^a^vkoXtth , AyXA'ti) Tt, B-dXetA, Xj Ev(p^o(rvyti -zsroXvoX^at XAppAoa-vvrig ytv'tTetpAt, 't^dcrpAiAi, 'tv(ppo(rvv AyvAt, AioXiptop^oi, detB-AXiig, B-vnTottrt Tro^eivAt, EvKTaTaI, KvKXd6i{, KAXVKPOJTt^tg, ipiipoios-Ai' -EXSotT oXfioSoTEipAi, dei pi,v I fhall conclude ; it is one of the fprightUeft of all that Author's Bacchanalian Odes. Eya ytpuv piiv eipit, Niav TrXiev ^e ?riyu. Km ^t^Tti pi\ xof^Vftv, -ZKtJTrT^ov tyu TOV AiTKgey, O iSdpQii^ ^' ew^6f iTtv, O (Mt f i87 ) *0 pity 6(XUV fldxeo-GeiC, BpMi KVTTtXXov, a WAl, MtXixptV o'tyov ri^vv ^ Byfctpda-M, (poma-ov. Bya yt^uy pKv dpu' ^tiXtjvov £» ptia-eiari MipiyfA-tvog ;geg«ur«. •* Old am I then .? The Truth be told .?' Impetuous Youth! Yes! I am old. Yet who, what Youth, of gen'rous Soul, More bravely plies the brimming Bowl? Or when We join the mirthful Round, More nimbly beats the meafur'd Ground .? Replete- jaif-Bli^- ao^Jifoid reft Grace, P^ 1-68. . 'Arollonius RhqdiuSj A Greek Poet; His .^r^mafiticon: On Cupid chaiftiz'd by Venus, P. 47. On Hercules,' fubduing the St ym- PHALicK Birds, P. no. With a Crotalum made of Brafs, P. 183. Apu- INDEX. A^puLEius, a Latin Author; His Golden Afs: Progrefs of Ye Nits to the Courts of Oceanus, P. 58. His Account of a Cr^/^/aw made of Brals. and Reeds, P. 183. Arbiter (Petronjus) a Latin Author % Hi& Satirycon ; on Trt- makio^s Baths, P. 60. Ariphron, &Greek Poet; His Paan upon Health, P. 165, Aristophanes, & Greek Csmcedian ; His Scboliajldted^ P. iiiandiS^,, on a Crotalum made .of Reeds. Athen^us, a Greek Author; His Deipnofopbijies ; On Phryne, fur nifhing Apelles with the Model of his Venus ANAoroMENE, P. 73. Concluftonof his Deiptiofopbijles, P. 165. Ausonius, & Latin Poet; His Epigram; in ImJtati.on of Antipater,, P. 13. Another Imitation ofthe fame, P. 14. His Epigram, in Imi tation of Plato and Julianus .^gyptius, P. 72. His Epigram^ in Imitation of Antipater, P. 73. JEneas Vicus ; an Antiquarian ; His Colleliion mention'd, P. XXI.. B. Beger, An Antiquarian-^ — 'iX'is-GoltcPfl^H — witl»-EKpy«atio«i& tnention'd, P. XXI and 45. His Dialogue, on the Wreaths of the Celeftial GuPip, P. 54 and 55. A Figure of His, reprefenting Cupid- with Wreaths in liis- Hand, P. 56. Another, reprefenting Hercules fubdued by Cupid, P. 1 15. His Explication of a Gem refuted, P. 128. Reference to Two Chian Coins, exhibited by Him, P. 149. A Crotalum made of Reeds by the Same, P. 182. Bertoli (PETER-SENTEz^an Antiquarian; His Collection,, with Expli cations mention'd,, P. XXI. His Bas-relief and Sepulchral Urn, repre fenting Psyche, P. 78. His Three Graces. drefs% P. 167. BiON, a Greek Poet ; His Third Idyllium, on a Shepherd teaching, Cupid to fing. P. 81. An Idyllium of Theocritus attributed to Bion, P. 89. Brodaeus, Commentator on the Greek Anthologia t His Citation of the Scholiaft on Pindar, P.io. Broome, His Obfervation on a Paflage of the Odyssey, P. 149. His Tranjlation of a Paflage ofthe Odyssey, being the Defcription of Hercules, P. 151. Broukius, Editor of Tibullus-, cites Fulgentius, after Juba, on the Concha Veneris, P. y^. Brumoy, z. French Critic ; HXs Theatre des Grecs^ Plan of Seneca's. Herculei-Turens, P. 136, Off. BuPAtus, an ancient Painter; His Golden Gaaces mention'd by Pau- SANIAS, P. 168. : c. Qani- INDEX. c. Canini, an Antiquarian ; His Colleliion with ExplicatioM mention'd. P.XXIindXXJl Carracci, an Italian Painter; His Paintings, of Hercules relieving Atlas, in the Palace-Farnefe, P. 112. His Paf«//»gi of Hercules refting after his Labours, in the fame Palace, P. 146. CiESAR CJuLius), His Cabinet of Gems dedicated to the Temple of Venus Genetrix, P. XX. CiESAR (Augustus), The Venus Anadyomene of Apelles the Orna- ment of his Palace in the Time of Ovid, P. 72. Chaucer ; The Verfification of that old En^ifh Poet commended, P. 98. Claudian, 2k Latin Poet; His Nuptials of Honorius and Maria, P. 65. GoiNTHus Smyrn^eus, or Quintus Calaber } His Par alipomenon : On Hercules fubduing the Erymanthian Bout, P. 147. On Her cules, gaining the Hefperian Apples, P. 148. Coluthus, a Greek Poet; F^sRaM^ofJMenj.OjxYziivs's Hair, P. 4^: Ob Venus's Undrefs, FTJo. ~~^ Comes ("Natales), A modern Poet; His Latin Imitation of an Epignm of Leonidas, P. 13. Congreve ; His Tranjlation of Homer's Hymn to Venus: On the Amour of Venus and Anchises, P. 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42. On Venus bathing, P. 62. On the Rape of Ganymede, P. 152. Cooke ; His Tranflation of Hesiod : On Hercules and Hebe, P. 160. On the Birth of the Graces, P. 176. Cowley ; His Verfification cenfur'd, P. 98. Creech ; His Tranflations of Theocritus, Horace, Lucretius, and Manilius, P. 97. A Great Admirer of Mr. Cowley's Verfi fication, P. 98. , Crozat, (Monfieur de) His CflJj«f/, the XLth Figure of this Colleftion taken from it, P. 146. Cyn.(Ethus oi Chios; The Hymns of Homer attributed to Him, P. 31 and 42. D. Dioscorides a, Greek Ingraver of Gems, who liv'd in the Time of Alexander, P. XVI. Dra I ton, His Polyolbion: The Verfification commended for the Age He liv'd in, P. 98. Dryden, His 3>«»/7fl//o«i from Lucretius mention'd, P. 97. I^flage from Lucretius, P. 18. Paflage from Ovid, P. 6 and 7. His VlR- INDE X. Vjrgil, P. 3, 9, 10, 20, 25, 26, 30, 108, 109, 154, 155. His Am" phytrion, Imitation of Plautus, P. 85. . E. fipiORAMftiATi^'f , Unknown (Latin) Oti the Nudity of Venus and CtjpiD, P. iS. •' Epigrammatist, Unknovvn (Ghek) On Venits and GtrpiD, Wife ahd Son to VuLCAk. P. 26. Euripides, a Greek Tragedian,; His Furious-liireUles: Plan of the Ift Aft, P. 12^. Plan of the lid Aa, P. 130. Plan of m Hid Aa, P. 131. ift and 2d Strophe,' P. 132. Strophe 3d and 4fh, P. 133. An- tiftrophica^Strbtshfe and Antiftfdphe, P. 134, 135. Eusden; His Tranfiation of Claudian: On the Graces ordering Vkkus's Hair, P. 65. OfOvin, on SileJ^^us dfunisi P. 186. F. Fabius Pictor, adorh'd with i*aintirigs the Tehiple of Salus or HfiAt-Tii, atRoiStE, accQcdine to PLiNY, P. 165. ^Fairfax, His Tranflation of Tajfo ; The VerfiHcatlori tlgulai-, P. 98. Flaccus, (Y alzkivs) His Arjgonautica : Attributes the Swbi'd to He'r- .cuLEs, P. ,147. , Flsfehiine CblleBioH ; Reference to fomei Figures which tep'refent VeMi^s arming arid dif-a'rming Cupin, P. ^^. A Figurfe takfen from thence, reprefenting a Number 6f CtfPiDs playing with the Arn^s of Hercu les, P. 117. Reference to Andther of the fame Cdlledliori repre fenting Omphale dreft in the Arms of Hercules, P. 142, Gallestruzzi, an Antiquarian , H\s ColleBion, menHon'd- P. ,Tjp7. Geminus, a Greek Poet : His Epigram, on tlERCULE^ fubdued by CupiD, P. 116. IGorlAus, an Antiquarian ; Hfs CdlletJion publiiH'd with Explications, P. XXL 14. Harte, His TrdrijlatioH o/"Statius •, A Paflageon the Olympic Ga'mes founded by Hercules, P. 122. Heliogabalus i That EiTiperlor^s exceflive Paflion fdr Gertis, explo ded, P. XXI. Her- INDEX. Hermesianax, a Greek Poet; His Elegies mention'd by Pausanias, P. 172. Hesiod, a Gr(?(?^ Po P. ^y. Joannes Secundus ; a Latin Poet, His Basia : A PkflTage on Venus borne upon her Shell, P. y^. H\s Epigrams: One upon Ne^^ra, P. 170. Jones; HisTranflationofOpPiAn's Halieutics: On Mercury, the In ventor of Fifliing-Tackle, P. 22. On Cupid Prefident of the Seas, P. 59. Cc Juba, I N D E X. Jv^A, His Phyfiologies; mention'dby FuLCENTrus, Reafon -for aittri- buting the Concha to Venus, P. 79. . ^ . Julianus .ffioYPT ius, a Greek Poet, His Epigram, on Lais, dedita- ting her Mirror to Venus, P. 71. Imitated by Ausonius, P. 72., Julius Caesar, His Cabinet of Gems dedicated to the Temple of Hkkj Genetrix, P. XXI. Italicus, (Silsus> ALatin Poet ; His Punica: A Paflage, in which Venus diftributes all her Arms amon^ the Cup in?, P. 45. Pan laughing at his Tail, P. 184. Latin Summary, of the 12 Labors of Hercules, in 12 Verfes, P. 87. Leo, the 10th Revivor of Arts and Sciences, P. XXI. Leontius, a Greek Poet ; His Epigram on a little Bath, P. 61. O^ the naked Graces, P. 181. Leonidas, a Greek Poet; His j?^ig^rfl« on Venus arm'd, P. 12. j&ni- tated by Natales Comes, P. t^. His Ep%>''if»> on the the 4me Subjeft, Ib. Imitated twice by Ausonius, JP- 13, ^4. Licetti, an Antiquarian ; HisColle^ion mention'd, P. XXI. /r. LivY, a Latin Hijlorian, The Temple of Salus or Health, men tion'd by that Author, P. 165. . , Lucan, a Latin Poet; His Pharfalia-: On th^ Birth <^ Ant./Cupip, P. 54. imitated in Latin, P., 55. H\^ Epigram onCupip bathing liis Mo ther, P. 61. .'Meleager, a Greek Poet ; His Epigram on Cupid at hisMoTHjii's Breaft, P. 80. fMoLixRE, a 2r«.i«c, p. 50. Paris's Judgment in Favour of Venus, P. 52. His Elegies de Ponrv^ X)n the Venus of Apelles, P. 72. H\s Metamorphofes: On Atlas turn'd into a il4b«»/fl/«, P. 112. His £/>///i? of Deianira to Her cules: On Hercules's Love for Iole, P. 123, 124. OntheNum- ber of his MiftreflTes, P. 143. On his Love for Omphale, P. 144. Has Metamorphofes : Jupiter's Rape of Ganymede, P. 151. Si lenus drunk, P. 186. Pack, His Tranflation of Tibullus ; On the Arms and Attributes of Cupid, P. 44. Pamphus, a Greek Poet, mention'd by Pausanias, P., 172. Pausanias, a Greek Author: His Corinthiaca ; On Hebe and Gany mede, P. 162. Has BcBOtica: On the Graces, P. 168. His Eliaca z On the Graces dreft, P. 169. iih Bisoiiea: On thc three Graces, P. 173- Pattisson, His Tranflation From Ovid's Epiftle of Paris to Helen, On Mercury conducing the three Goddesses (Juno, Pallas, and Venus) to Paris, P. 51, 52. On Paris's Judgment in Favour of Venus, P> 52, 53. From Claudian: On the Graces ordering Venus's Hair, P. 66. PjfTRONius Arbiter, aLatin Autbor ; His Satyricon: On Trimal- c bio's Bath, P. 60. Phi- INDEX. Philippus, 9. Greek Poet; Has Epigram: On Hercules fubdued by Cupid, P. 117. Philostratus, a Greek Author ; Has Tablatures : Of Hercules and Ant-iEus, p. 98. Of Hercules relieving Arlas, P. 113. Of Hercules among the Pygmies, P, 118. Phornutus, His Remark on Mercury Vialis, P. 20. Picart, His Images des Heros, a Colleftion of Antiquities^ P. XXII. Pindar, His Scholiaft citeA by ^-&.odje.vs. On Diana's Rcfpite from Hunting, P. 10. His Secon^ii Olympic Ode ; On the. Olympic Games, P. 121. His Fourth Ifhmien Ode ; On Hercules married to Hebe the Daughter of Juno, P. 159. The Marriage celebrated in Jupiter's Apartment, Ib. His Firft Nemean Ode; On Hebe carrying a Cup of Nedar to Juno, P. 163. Pisander, cited by Pausanias, P. no. Plautus; aLatin Poet; His Amphytrm: Imitated by Moliere ; Imitated by Dryden, P. 85. Plato; His £^/grj&fl^/ drawn from the XXXth Figure^ ^ -^- - — — - - — ¦ - ¦ BoMPEY, His Cabinet, at Psme, mention'd P. XX. Pois (Le), put out a CoUeftion of Gems before Gallestruzzi, P. XXL Pope ; His Odyjfey, P. 2. Ib. Uiad, P. 21, 100, 107, 155, 157, 158, 161, 163, 175, 176. Prior ; His Imitation of Anacreon and Leonidas, P. 14. PiioPERTius, a Latin Poet; The 12th Elegy of his Second Book, On the Attributes of Cupid, P. 43. Gives Cupid the Wheel of For tune, P. 77. Pyrgotoles, a celebrated Ingraver of Gems in theTime of Alexander, P. XVL Pythagoras, Cthe Parian) an ancient Painter mention'd by Pausa nias, P. 168. Quintus Calaber, a Greek Poet; His Paralipomenon : On Hercules fubduing the Erymanthian Boar, P. 147. On his gaining the Hefperian Apples, P. I48.' R. Hacine, a French Poet; A Paflage from his Andromaqj;e, P. Raphael, The Painter ; a Drawing of His, P. 81. Roscommon, (Lord) His Tranflation of Yikgil's 6th Eclogue; OnSiLE- **"'' ^- '^^ Rosi- I N D E X. RosiNcSj tin AntiquarkH, His Citation bf FuLteEW'Plus, Oft Me%,j- cury's Attributes, P. 23. RawB, His Lucan ; On the Bifth df Asjro&lifs, P. loa. (Da tfeeCom- bat of ANTiSEu^aiid HERCtn;ES, P. lOg, 104. >s; SeCitndus, a Latin Paei; His '5aj($S^ on Venots^ ;SiieU, i*. 75. Hm-. Epigram, on N^^era, jP. tyt. ScAURus, the firft Goltefljor. of Gfems, amoftg;>thte-\RoiM;Awis,;P.*-XX Scholiaft 'Of PlNDA-R, P. 10. Scholiaft of Aristophanes, ^P. i'ii, 'i%. Silius Italicus, His P«»zVfl; Venus arms tht C^wrt>s, P» 45, Pan : laughing at his Tail, P. 184. Simonid-es, a Greek Poet ; Hi}&Epigfam, tin two mercfinary Gourtfesinsf , P. 23. Socrates ; an (Swn(^»/^if^/as«rj^"nacdtion?d!byI*A.usAwiA8, P. i^<8. . Spenser, His /<^r/(;?ffl/w« commended, P. 98. Spon, iin Antiqwarim; 'His€dU^m mention' d, P^XXI. Sterling, His ix^^Ji^ti^^^^ri? g ,Rai&sg fiuvm _§xjjijtc Ttalicdss.,^ ±^.95. ^ Tect^eus, an ancient Statuarift mention'd by Pausatsiias, 'F.' 173. Theocritus, a GreekPoet; His iiji^awj, -on H-BReu-tEs -deftroy ing the NemeanLion, P. 89, f^c. Tibullus, a Latin Poet, His MigiesA Oft the Wheel 'of 'Fsr'TUne, P., 76. On Venus convey'd on a Shell, P. 79. Tristan, an Antiquarian ; His^M«i«/.of Aiu^KCiiUB-and^F^uffrrNAi, P. 17. Thucydides, attributesto iHoMSR., al!!re..J^iiWi«BitD VfflJjus, 'P.42. Tzetzes, a GreekPoet ; His Chiliade; On the twelve liabors-of Her « cuLEs, P. 86. On Jupiter's prefenting the. Hefperian Fruit to Juno ^ on their Marriage,, P. 148. Valerio de Vicenze-, one ofthe firft Modern Ingraversabont the TJi»e of Leo the Tenth, P. XVIIL Valerius Flaccus, a Latin Poet :. His Argqnauticon. Hercules kills Amaster with a Sword, P. 147. Vicus.(iENEA9^ laiAniiquarim, His Colleftion mention'-d, P. XXI. _ INDEX. Virgil, hisyEneid; on Neptune's Trident, P. 3. Ona5yfe^«Virgin» P. 9. On Mercury's Attributes, P. 20. On Venus's Requeft to Vulcan, P. 24. On Vulcan's Compliance, P. 25. On ^neas's Birth, P. 30. On Anchises's Lofs of Sight, 3.; Virgil imitates the Hymn to Venus, P. 42. On Heroes that defcended to Hell, P. 108. On. Cerberus, P. 109. On Jupiter's Rape of Ganymede, P. 154. On the Grounds of Juno's Averfion to the Trojans, P. 156, His Copa ; On the Cro/o/aw, P. 182. Hk 6(b Eclogue i Oa Sij,ENus's empty Cantharus, P. 185. W. Waller, His Verfification commended, P, 98. FINIS.