• xix. YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 9002 05350 2879 I STORY %\ STARK COUNTY rO. £v2S- iLimoiS '-" ¦ ;.¦¦ YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 1944 DOCUMENTS AND BIOGRAPHY PERTAINING TO THE SETTLEMENT AND PROGRESS Stark County, Illinois, containing AN AUTHENTIC SUMMARY OF RECORDS, DOCUMENTS, HISTORICAL WORKS, AND NEWSPAPERS/ RELATING to Indian History, Original Sbttlbmbnt, Organization and Politics, Courts and Bar, Citizen Soldiers, Military Societies, Marriages, -Churches, Schools, Secret, Benevolent and Literary Societies, Etc. TOGETHER WITH BIOGRAPHY OF REPRESENTATIVE MEN PAST AND PRESENT. WRITTEN FROM RECORDS AND PERSONAL REMINISCENCES, M. A. LEESON. ILLUSTRATED CHICAGO: M. A. LEESON & CO. MDCCCLXXXVII. Donohue & Henneberry, Printers and Binders, Chi.ajwi PREFACE. ISTORY is the pith or substance of collected biographies or of the lives of men and women of a State. It is the drama of set tlement and progress — a link of golden truths which binds us to the past. History is also the monument, built during onr own lives, to be our instructor, and beyond this present time it looks into the future as a warning teacher. Local history is not only history as defined, but also history and biography — grasping the most minute details connected with the persons and events identified with the progress of a county, township or village. The past and present — the whole fabric of society — the home, school, church, literary and benevolent societies, governmental and military organizations, agriculture, commerce, manufactures and all these institutions which draw men's interests together, should be traced to their humble beginnings, and every name and date placed in such form as to be a treasure for all time; for Old Father Time will one day call up such records. Local history, while embracing all such details of men and women and events, should not revel in records of vice and decay. Its teach ings should be pure, and, to have them so, he who would lead the people of the present time to a higher nobility of character and purpose must not give the story of decay and vice, and shame and crime in detail. The introduction to this work is peculiar in its practical character. It is not here to enlarge the volume or to comjDly with any known literary style; but to place honestly before the people a concise instruction in the whole history of the United States and of Illinois, while leading down to the period when the little commonwealth of Stark came into existence. The general history of the county is embraced in the first fifteen chap ters, each one exhausting its subject, without detracting from the details of township, village and family history, contained in the eight great chap ters which follow. The plan of township history is simplified by making the personal sketches and reminiscences of the people of each division of the county, a part of the division chapter, arranging them alphabetically. This plan, however, will not place before the reader at once all the family history of a township ; because, owing to change of location, a pioneer of one division, may be an old settler of a second, and a modern resident of a third township. To provide a ready reference in this case, a list of the families treated in this volume is given and the contents table made very complete. The material for the entire history of the county and of each township, village and hamlet, was collected, written and edited by M. A. Leeson. All this is based on official records, private documents, newspaper accounts, and. where quoted and credited, on the published historical works and reminiscences of local writers who acted justly by the past of their county. IV PREFACE. In this work the cemeteries were not forgotten, so that the monuments speak in this volume of names and dates which might otherwise pass un noticed. The biographical collection is the work of many men. Their notes were, in the greater number of instances, re- written by the general historian and mailed for correction or revision. In a few cases the gentlemen engaged in this department proved their notes at the time of writing and thus obviated the necessity of total revision. While absolute perfection (if there is such a human attribute) is not at all claimed for this volume, we feel that the writer has given the people a plain, substantial, matter-of-fact work — the most thorough of its class ever offered. We believe that his desire to exceed all promises has been satisfied, and in sending the work on its mission of usefulness we do so with that pleasure which always accompanies a duty faithfully performed. To the county officers of 1886 and their deputies, to whom the general historian is indebted for uniform courtesy and material aid in research, we offer expressions of gratitude ; to the gentlemen of the press, our dee]] thanks for the unanimity of their endorsement; to the clerks or secretaries of the various educational, literary, religious, secret, benevolent, military and municipal bodies, our sincere acknowledgements, and to all the people — to whose cordial and intelligent cooperation the success of this work is due — we send a message of hope and belief that the history of their county will prove authentic and be acceptable. M. A. LEESON & CO. February, 1887. CONTENTS. Page. Title i Preface iii Table op Contents v Map op Stark County '. xv INTRODUCTION. PART I. Discovery and Discoverers: Aboriginal Inhabitants 17-18 Wars of the United States 19 Regiments in the Revolution 19 War of 1812 19 Mexican War 19-20 War of the Rebellion 20 Chronology of the United States 20 PART n. Derivation of Name — Illinois 32 Illinois Confederacy 82 Chronology, 1655-1750 32-33 1765-1814 34 1816-1832 35 1833-1871 36-37 Conclusion 37 Pere Marquette's Map op the Mississippi Documents op Stark County CHAPTER I. Topography and Natural History: Physical Characteristics 43 Rivers and Streams , 44 Origin of Cooper's Defeat 603 Economic Geology 45 Coal Measures 46 Archaeology 48 Storm, Flood and Drought 50 CHAPTER II. Indians of Illinois : Origin of American Indian 52 Indians of Illinois 53 French Forts 54 Pottawatomies and Ottawas 56 Starved Rock 57 Destruction of the Illinois ' 57 White Settlements 59 Treaties . ........ 59 Black Hawk Troubles. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. 63 Page CHAPTER III. Exploration and Occupation : American Settlement at Peoria 65 Travels in the Neighborhood 65 Isaac B. Essex's First School 65 Settlement in Stark County 66 Pioneers of 1830-35 .'...• 66 Original Assessment, Dis. No. 1 . . . 67 " " 2.... 67 " " 3.... 68 " "4.... 68 Military Tract 69 CHAPTER IV. Marriage Record 1831-1866: Introduction 70 Record 1831-39 71 Description of a Wedding -72 First License and Certificate 72 Beginning of Marriage Record of Stark '..'. 72 Justices and Ministers 71-105 CHAPTER V. Pioneer Associations and Reminiscences : Causes of Association 105 Mutual Protection Society — Officers and Members 106 Beginnings of Old Settlers' Society. . 107 Organization of the Society 107 First Annual Meeting 108 Second " " 108 Death Record of Old Settlers 108 Third Annual Meeting 109 Death Record of Old Settlers 109 Meeting of 1882 110 Death Record of Members 110 Reminiscences Ill Meeting of 1883 Ill Record of Deaths 112 Seventh Meeting 115 Death Roll of Old Settlers ' 116 .Settlement of David Fast 117 Eighth Meeting 117 Names of Old Residents Present . . . 117 Pioneer Necrology for 1884-5 118 Meeting of August, 1886 119 Record of Deaths . . : 120 Underground Railroad 122 Receipt for Horse-stealing 124 VI CONTENTS. Page. Cattle Driving in Early Days 126 J. Blanchard's Reminiscences 127 James B. Witter's Reminiscences; . 128 H. C. Henderson's " . . 128 S. H. Henderson's " . . 129 CHAPTER VI. Organization and Commissioners' Court: Organization of Illinois 130 " " Counties 130 Voters in Spoon River Precinct 130 Acts of Putnam Co. Commissioners 133 First Election in Spoon River 133 Bribery Act and Plunder 133 Agitating a New County 133 Coffee County in the Legislature . . . 134 \ Bill for Establishing Stark County 135 Life of John Stark 135 Act Providing for More Territory . . 135 Commissioners' Record, 1839-53 . . . 136 Organization by Townships 138 First Supervisors' Board 138 County Buildings 138 County Poor Farm 139 Index to Legislative Acts 139 CHAPTER VII. Political History: Introduction 140 National Caucus and Convention . . . 141 Precinct Elections, 1839 141 County Election Record 142 Masters in Chancery 153 Local Conventions 153 Douglas and Lincoln 1 53 Unconditional Union Men 154 Union League and Knights of Gr. C. 154 Soldiers' Convention 154 Anti-polygamy Meeting 155 Conventions of 1886 155 CHAPTER VIII. The Courts and Bar.: Introduction 159 First Law Office 159 Courts of Fulton County 160 Courts of Putnam County 160 Courts of Stark County 160 Reminiscences of First Court 161 Circuit Judges 162 Roll of the " 01dy and the "New" Bar of Stark County 163 Brief Reference to a Few Cases .... 167 CHAPTER IX. Journalism and Literature: Prairie Advocate, Toulon 168 News, Toulon 169 Union. Toulon 169 News (Redivivus), Toulon 169 Democrat, Toulon 169 Old-time Billingsgate 170 Demccrat (Redivivus), Toulon 170 Page. Ku Klux Bulletin, Toulon 171 Molly Stark, Toulon 171 Herald (Toulon S. W.) 171 Sentinel, Toulon 172 Call (Toulon T. W.) 172 Post-Chronicle, Wyoming 172 Post, Wyoming 172 Herald, Wyoming 172 Post-Herald, Wyoming 172 Daily Post-Herald, Wyoming 173 Bee, Wyoming 173 Chronicle, Bradford 173 Times, Bradford 173 Independent, Bradford 173 Annex, Lafayette 173 Stark County and its Pioneers 174 Pen Sketches of Service in the Ma rine Artillery 174 History of the 112th Regiment 174 Close of Chapter 174 CHAPTER X. Schools and Institutes: School Statistics of State 175 First School in Stark County 175 Roll of School Superintendents 175 School Statistics of County 176 Teachers' Institute and Association . 177 S. G. Wright's Reminiscences 177 William Nowlan's Reminiscences. . . 178 Roll of Teachers 178 Statistics of Teachers. . . .' 179 Teachers' Normal Class 179 Teachers' Association 179 Teachers' Institute, 1882 180 Normal Institute 180 CHAPTER XI. Religious and Semi-Religious Associations: Establishment of Churches 181 Sunday-school I'nion 182 Camp-meeting Association 185 Bible Society 185 Temperance League 186 Women's Christian Temperance As sociation 186 Musical Society 186 CHAPTER XIT. Agricultural Societies: Society of 1843 187 Stark County Agricultural Society . 187 Effort, to Establish at Wyoming 189 Central Agricultural Society 189 CHAPTER XIII. Physicians of the County: Record of 191 CHAPTER XIV. Railroads: Western Air Line 193 Peoria and Rock Island 194 Rushville Branch 195 Proposed Roads 195 CONTENTS. VII Page. CHAPTER XV. Military History: Introduction 196 War for the Union 197 Statistics 197 Revolutionary Soldiers here 197 Black Hawk and Mexican Wars. . . 197 First War Meeting in Stark County. 198 Organization of Home Guards 198 County and Local Relief Circles . . . 198 Military Disbursing Committee 199 List of Soldiers killed up to Feb ruary, 1862 199 Township Relief Societies 199 Women's Loyal League 1 99 Provost-marshal White and the Ter- willigers 199 Bro vn's Recruiting Station 200 The Draft 200 County Central Aid Committee .... 200 A Funeral Sermon 200 Miles A. Fuller's Report 203 Sundry Paragraphs 204 Soldiers' Monument Association .... 205 Meeting to Celebrate Peace 205 Regimental Sketches and Rosters of Infantry Commands 205 Of Cavalry Commands 242 Of Artillery Commands 244 Fourth I. N. G 246 G. A. R. Post Rosters, tide town- Documents and Biography op Town ships and Villages : chapter xvi. Toulon Township: Topography 247 Original Land Owners 248-251 Present Land Owners 248-251 Political Statistics 251 Supervisors and Justices 251 Schools and School Officers 254 Census of Pioneers in 1866 254 Toulon Cemetery and Its Tenants. .. 254 Modena Hamlet 257 Stark Predestinarian Baptists 258 Moulton 259 Societies 259 Town of Toulon: Introduction 259 First Settlers 260 Survey of Town 261 Sale of Town Lots 261 Its Selection as County Seat 262 Improvement Era 263 R. R. Aid Granted 263 Trustees and Officers of Village. , . . 263 Reorganization 263 Officials, 1873-1886 263 Toulon Postoffice 264 Page. Old Business Houses 265 Leaf from an Account Book 266 Hotels 266 Manufacturing Industries 267 Banking Houses 267 Railroad and the Grain Trade 268 Business Circle 268 Methodist Church 269 Congregational Church 270 Baptist Church 276 Second Baptist Church 279 Christian Church 279 Catholic Church 280 Universalist Church 280 Sabbath Schools 280 Schools of Toulon 281 Masonic Lodge 284 Eastern Star Chapter 285 •I. O. O. F. Lodge 285 Temperance Workers 287 W. W. Wright Post 288 Military Affairs 289 Lotus Club 290 Woman's Club. . >. 280 W. C. T. U 291 Y. M. C. A 291 Literary Societies 291 Old Court House D. S 291 Toulon Debating Society 292 Miscellaneous Societies 293 Town of Wyoming: Introduction 294 Survey 295 Early Lot Buyers 295 Additions to Town 295 Sketch of Its First Days 296 Officials, 1872-86 297 Schools of Wyoming 297 Methodist Church , 300 Protestant Episcopal Church 303 Catholic Church 304 Baptist Church 305 Congregational Church 305 United Brethren Church 306 Masonic Lodge 307 Wyoming Chapter 307 Eastern Star Chapter 308 Wyoming I. O. O. F 308 Wyoming Encampment 309 DeWolf Post 309 DeWolf Post 418 Sons of Veterans 660 National Festivals 310 Miscellaneous Societies 311 Postoffice 312 Wyoming Cemetery and Tenants. . . 313 Commerce and Mining 314 Houses in Village in 1882 315 Banks and Bankers 316 Business and Manufacturing Circle. . 317 Opera House 318 Conflagrations 318 Biography and Reminiscences. ..318-418 Vill CONTENTS. Page. CHAPTER XVII. Elmira Township: Introduction 420 Original Land Owners 421-429 Present Land Owners 421-429 First Settlement and Settlers 429 Scotch Settlement 430 Travels of the Turn bulls and Olivers 431 Elmira Cemetery and Tenants 432 Osceola Cemetery and Tenants. . . . 433 Pioneer Neighbors 433 Highlanders and Lowlanders 434 Schools..' 434 Supervisors and Justices 435 Insurance Company 436 Elmira Grange 437 Grand Army of the Republic 437 Roster and Record G. A. R 487 Elmira Library Association 488 Elmira Village: Introduction 439 United Presbyterian Church 440 Methodist Episcopal Church 441 Elmira Bible Society 442 Presbyterian Church of Elmira 442 Knox Church 443 Cumberland Church 444 Schools of District 3. 444 Business Circle ' 445 Osceola Village: , Introduction 446 Presbyterian Church 446 Methodist Episcopal Church 446 Baptist Church 447 Free Will Baptist Church 448 Other Religious Societies 448 Miscellaneous 448 Elmira in the War 449 Biography and Reminiscences 455 CHAPTER XVIII. Essex Township: Introduction 493 Neighboring Settlements 493 Original Entries 493 Present Land Owners 493 Madison Winn's Recollections 499 Sheets Cemetery 501 Pleasant Valley Cemetery 501 Schools of Essex 502 Supervisors and Justices 504 Railroad Election 504 Pioneer Postoffice 504 Methodist Church 505 Latter Day Saints 505 United Brethren 505 Duncan Village 506 Biography and Reminiscences. . .507-525 CHAPTElt XIX. Goshen Township: Introduction 525 Original Entries 525 Page. Present Land Holders 525 Schools 532 Cemeteries 535 Lafayette Village: Survey and Purchase 536 Incorporation of Village 537 Trustees, 1869-1887 537 Clerks, 1869-1887 538 Old and New Business Circle 538 Pioneers of 1848 538 Pensioners 538 I. O. O. F. Lodge 538 Daughters of Rebekah 539 Blue Lodge, A. F. & A. M 539 Eastern Star Chapter 539 Good Templars 540 Baptist Church 540 Methodist Episcopal Church. ....... 540 Indian Creek Class 541 Union Church 541 Presbyterian Society 541 Mormon Church 542 U. M. P. Church 542 Universalist Church 542 Church of Christ 542 Biography and Reminiscences 542 CHAPTER XX. Osceola Township. Introduction 571 Statistics 571 Coahand Gas 571 Original Land Entries 572 Present Land Owners 572 Schools 575 Supervisors 577 Justices 577 R. R. Aid Election 577 Franklin Cemetery 588 Bradford Village: Survey and Plat 588 First Lot Buyers 588 Era of Settlement 588 Business Circle : 588 Bradford Schools 578 Village Incorporated 581 Trustees and Officials 581 Masonic Lodge 581 Odd Fellows' Lodge 582 Good Templars' Lodge 582 G. A. R. Post and Roster 582 Universalist Church 583 Sewing Circle 583 Methodist Episcopal Church 584 Baptist Church 584 Congregational Church 586 Catholic Church 586 Protestant Episcopal Church 586 Bradford Cemetery 587 Lombardvitle : Survey and Plat 587 Improvement Society 587 Biography 588 ILLUSTRATIONS. IX Page. CHAPTER XXI. Penn Township : Physical Character 608 Villages of ¦ . '. 603 Population 603 Cooper's Defeat Creek 603 Original Entries 604 Schools of Penn 607 Supervisors 608 Justices 608 Castleton . Survey and Plat 609 Lot Purchasers 609 Business Circle 609 Normal School 609 Methodist Episcopal Church 610 Drawyer's Class 610 Holgate's Class 610 Methodist Protestant Church 610 Evangelical Lutheran Church 611 Societies -. . . . 611 Camp Grove 612 Franklin Cemetery 612 Snareville Cemetery 615 Biography and Reminiscences 615 CHAPTER XXIf. Valley Township: Physical Character 640 Population 640 Original Entries 640 Present Land Owners 640 Township Schools 643 Supervisors 644 Justices 645 Pioneer Neighbors 645 Wolf Hunt, 1830 645 Valley Cemetery 645 Stark Village. . . ., 645, 659 Pensioners 646 Congregational Church 646 Members of 647 Page. Wady Petra Village 647 Methodist Church 647 Grange 647 Sons of Veterans 660 Biography and Reminiscences 647 CHAPTER XXIII. West Jersey Township: Introduction 672 Physical Character 672 Population 672 Original Entries 672 Present Land Owners 672 Schools : 676 Supervisors 678 Justices : . . . . 678 Pioneer Neighbors 678 Millbrook Township 678 Victoria Township 678 Pioneer Memories 679 First Settlers 679 Distillery 679 First Ball 679 First Postoffice 680 Census of Pioneers 680 West Jersey Cemetery 680 Soldiers Buried in Cemetery 681 West Jersey Village . . . . 681 M. E. Church 681 Hazen's Class 681 Finch's Class 682 Trickle's Class , . . . . 662 Presbyterian Church 682 Odd Fellows 683 Starwano , i 683 Burning of Infirmary 683 Biography and Reminiscences 684 CONCLUSION. Population 1840—80. 707 Township 1855—80 707 Nationality of Citizens '707 Population of Villages 708 Annual Expenditures 1839—85 707 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. Map of Stark County 15 Pere Marquette's Map'. 39 Starved Rock 61 Landing of La Salle 95 Pioneer Home 113 Pontiac 131 Tecumseh 149 Black Hawk 201 First School-house 495 Page. Oliver Whitaker 255 James H. Miller 273 Samuel Burge 323 Sylvester Otman 341 William Sturm 359 Clinton Fuller ,477 Abner Kerns ,529 Rev. A. C. Miller 649 I. L. Newman 697 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. Toulon Township and Towns op TcTulon and Wyoming. Page. John W. Agard 319 John R. Atherton 319 Julius Barnes 319 Dr. Bacmeister 191 James Ballentine 320 Eunice Bass 320 Thomas A. Beall, Sr. . 320 Thomas Beall 320 John Berfield 320 Carson Berfield, (Gen. Hist.) Patrick M. Blair 321 Elva M. Black 822 Herbert Blakely 322 Thomas W. Bloomer. . 322 Andrew F. Bloomer... 322 William Boggs.. 322 Major Bohannan 322 William J. Bond 322 Orlando Brace... .... 325 Kezzie F. Brace 325 Henry C. Bradley 325 Samuel G. Breese 326 William Brown 326 John B. Brown 620 Capt. John M. Brown. 327 Samuel B urge 327 Rev. Benjamin Burge. . 328 D. S. Burroughs 328 Henry Butler 329 Edwin Butler 329 C. O. Campbell 330 Alfred Castle, M. D... 330 Rev. W. W. Carr 331 Thomas H. Carlin 331 Wm. Chamberlain, M.D. 332 Julius F. Chapin 332 Mary F. Chapin 332 Joseph Catterlin 332 John S. Cleveland 332 Jeffrey A. Cooley 332 Presley Colwell 332 Mrs. David Cooper 332 Mary Cox 332 Clara DeW. Cox 332 Jere M. Cox '. . 333 Polly Crandall 333 Eliza J. Creighton 333 P. K. Cross 333 Page. John Cutherton 334 Rev. T.J. Cullen 334 Dr. Curtiss 334 L.P.Damon 334 Samuel M. Dewey 335 Stephen Deaver 335 Kezzie Dexter 336 R. J. Dickinson 336 Henry B. Dorrance. . . . 337 John Drinnin 337 Luther Driscoll 337 Mary E. Dugan 337 William Dunn 337 Rev. R. C. Dunn 337 Benjamin Drummond . . 365 Otis T. Dyer 338 William M. Eagelston. 338 C. L. Eastman 339 S. W. Eastman 340 Emory J. Edwards. . . . 343 B. F. Edwards 344 John G. Emery 344 Joseph Essex 344 Artemus Ewers 344 Spencer Falconer 844 Davis Fast 344 John Finley 344 Rev. J. J. Fleharty. ... 344 Benjamin C. Follett. . . 344 Mrs. Pleasant Follett. . 345 Sarah E. Foglesong 345 Mrs. D. Foster. . .". 336 William Fuller 345 Miles A. Fuller 345 Ernest C. Fuller 346 Brady Fowler 463 Andrew Galbraith 346 Charles Geesey 347 Amos P. Gill 347 Hugh Y. Godfrey 347 Joel I). Goodale 347 W. H. Gray 347 Ruby Greenfield 347 F. R, Greenwood 347 W. H. Greenwood 348 James Griffin 348 A. Gross 348 Robert Grieve 348 Thomas Hall, M. D . . . 349 J. Knox Hall 352 Mary M. Hammett 352 x Page. John Hanes . . i 352 Richard Hardin 352 Mrs. Harty 352 Sarah M. "Hazzard ... . 352 Augustus G. Hammond 352 Charles Hartley 353 George Hartley 353 James P Headley 354 George Harvey 354 John Hawkes 354 W. H. Henderson 355 Thomas J. Henderson. . 223 John W. Henderson... 356 Henry C. Henderson. . . 356 Stephen H. Henderson. 356 James A. Henderson . . 356 Mrs. Ann Hey wood . . . 356 Thomas Hey wood 357 Richard Plight 357 William Holgate 358 Henry A. Hoist, vide Gen. Hist. George E. Holmes. . . . 358 John Hook 361 Frank C. Hook 361 W. H. Hoover 362 Augustus Hulsizer .... 362 Charles F. Hamilton . . 591 Jane Ingham 363 Ellen Jackson 363 William S. Johnson . . . 863 Peyton P. Johnson 363 John Jordan 364 George Kerns 364 William Kerns 365 Martin Keran 365 James Kinney 365 Maria Kightlinger 366 Weslev King 366 Albert W.King 366 James E. King 367 George S. Lawrence. . . 367 Davis Lowman 368 James K. Lashells 368 William J. Law 368 Abram Lindsey 368 Dr. J. I. Lightfall 369 Caleb M. S. Lyon 367 Caroline Lyon 369 William R. Legg 369 Leek family 369 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. XI Page. Elizabeth Long 369 Mary Ann Lowman . . . 369 Minerva Lyon 369 Richard Mascall 869 William Mahany 369 William Mahany 694 Col. D. W. Magee, M.D 369 William Mason 370 Wallace McW. Mason . 371 John A. Maxfield 371 Thomas H. Maxfield . . 371 David McCance 372 Charles P. McCorkle . . 372 Robert McKeighan 373 John MarkMcMillen.. 373 Stephen W. Maring . . . 374 M. F. Meeker 374 Major W. K. Merriman 374 Hon. James H. Miller 375 Allen P. Miller 376 William Miller 377 Royal H. Miller 377 William Miner 378 Rev. John Mitchell. ... 378 Robert Mitchell 378 James Montooth 378 William L. Mooney . . . 379 J. W. Morrison 380 Robert Moore 482 N. B. Morse, M. D. . . . 381 James H. Newton 381 Benj . A . Newton 381 Jason M. Newton 382 George Nicholas 382 Rev. T. J. Nesmith .. 382 Elizabeth Nixon 382 Will E. Nixon 382 James Nowlan 383 Thomas A. Oakes 383 Sylvester F. Otman. . . 383 William Ogle 519 Benjamin Packer 384 Charles S . Payne .... 385 Harvey Pettit 386 AllenMcA. Pierce, M.D 386 Henry R. Pierce 387 F. O. Phelps 387 Mrs. Franklin Pratt... 387 Henry T. Prentiss .... 387 John Prior 3..7 James Price, vide mil. eh. Nelson Prout 388 Mrs. Elijah Ransom. . . 388 Francis Rennick 388 Joseph D. Rhodes .... 388 Eugene Rhodes 388 JohnH. Rhodes 564 Hugh Rhodes 564 Mrs. Byrne Riley 389 Anthony Robinson. . . . 389 George Rockwell 389 James M. Rogers 389 Frank Rosseter 389 William R. Sandham. . 389 Paoe. Peter Sanner 390 Winfield Scott 390 George W. Scott 390 Martin Shallenberger. . 391 Hopkins Shivvers. . . 393 William U. Sickles. ... 393 Minott Silliman 565 Levi Silliman 394 Perry H. Smith 394 John W. Smith 394 John Smith 395 Barbara Smith 395 Phoebe II . Smith 395 Whitney Smith 395 Isaac B . Spillman 395 Nathan Snare 395 Perry Stancliff 396 Gen. John Stark 135 Patrick Sullivan 397 Charles M. Swank 398 Andrew Swartz 398 Sylvester Sweet 398 Mrs. William Sweet 398 Bushrod Tapp 398 Charles M. Teeter 398 Elias Stout Teeter 399 Isaac Thomas 400 James M . Thomas 400 William F. Thomas. . . 401 Frank Thomas 401 Gen. Samuel Thomas . 401 Owen Thomas 403 Harriet Taylor 403 Bradford F. Thompson 403 Harriet Ticknor 404 L. E. Timmons 404 E. A. Trimmer 404 W. A. Truax 404 Benjamin Turner 405 Jesse T. Turner 405 Daniel Tyrrell, M.D. . . 407 A. F. Stickney 406 James M. Stickney. . . 406 J. C. Starr 406 Daniel D . Stone 406 Rev.'D. G. Stouffer .. 406 William Sturm 407 George C. Van Osdell . 669 Gertrude Wagner 410 David J. Walker .... 410 Dexter Wall 410 Rev. W. Walters 411 John W. Walters... 412 Joseph Walther 412 Oliver Whitaker 413 John Whitaker 414 B. Whiffen 415 John Whitcher 415 William Williams 415 Warren Williams 415 Marshall Winn 415 James Woods 416 Stephen G. Worley ... 416 Rev. S. G. Wright ... 416 Page. William W. Wright. . . 416 Capt. W. W. Wright.. 570 Susan D. Wright 416 John Wrigley 417 David DeWolf 418 Hewes White 492 Keziah D. Young.... 418 B. F. Young 481 Elmira Township, John Adams 455 James Armstrong, Sr. . . 455 Louis Austin 455 Matthew Bell 455 W. D. Blanchard 455 Abby M. Blanchard... 456 Dr. E. R. Boardman. . . 456 Dr. E. O. Boardman. . . 456 Charles Bolt 457 Myrtle G. Brace .... 457 Lochlin Buchanan 458 Lochlin M. Buchanan . . 458 Asa A. Bunton 458 Asa Bunton 461 James Buswell 461 James Cinnamon 461 David Currier 462 Isabella Fell 548 Brady Fowler 463 Laton Fuller 463 Ambrose Fuller 463 Clinton Fuller 464 Walter M. Fuller/..... 464 Wm. W. Fuller 464 Charles L. Gerard .... 465 Hall family 466 Robert Hail 473 JohnM. Hatch 473 Aaron Harvey ......... 592 James M. Jackson 473 Thomas Jackson 474 Col. William Jackson. . 474 David Jackson 474 John Jackson 476 Adam Jackson 476 James L. Jackson 479 John Leason 479 William Leason 465 Thomas Lyle 461 Carlos B. Lyle 479 Horace E. Lyle 479 Finley Matlieson 480 Geo. S. Maynard 480 Donald McDonald 480 Harriet J. McKenzie. . . 481 William Moffitt 481 Samuel Montooth 482 Robert Moore 482 George Murray 482 William Murray 483 Thomas Nicholas 483 Adam Oliver 484 Andrew Oliver 484 Henry H. Oliver 485 xn BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. Page. Thomas Oliver 485 William Parks 486 Matthew B. Parks 486 William G. Perkins... 486 Gideon Potter 487 John F. Reed 488 Simon B. Spencer 488 Isaac Spencer 489 Charles Stuart 450 Sturms family 489 John Turnbull 489 John G. Turnbull 490 Williarn H. Turnbull.. 491 William Turnbull 491 Archibald Vandyke. ., 491 Charles Vandyke 492 Hewes White 492 Essex Township. F. F. Brockway 507 Thomas Colwell 508 Henry Colwell 508 John Colwell 509 Joseph Cox 509 Thomas W. Cox 509 W. K. Cox 509 Malon Cox 510 Mary E. Cox 510 I. P. Carpenter 510 Hannah Dix»n 510 Samuel Dixon 510 Rosanna Dixon 510 Philip F. Earhart, 510 Eliza Edwards 511 Isaac B. Essex 511 Thomas Essex 512 Philip Fast 512 Jane Frail 512 James M. Estep 512 George Fautz 512 Joseph Friedman 513 Daniel Gingrich 513 Lucinda Gingrich. . . .513 A. E. Gingrich 514 Thomas Graves 514 Nancy Graves 514 James Graves 515 Joseph S. Graves 515 Jacob Graves 516 Lemuel Graves 516 Argelon Graves 516 Jerome Graves 516 James Hartley 517 Ann Hartley 517 H. Ingram 517 Jared Jones 517 Aimer Kerns 518 JohnLeffler '. 518 Jesse L. Moffitt 519 Josiah Moffitt 519 John H. Ogle 519 Henry AI. Rogers 520 John Scott 520 Page. Benson S. Scott 520 Peter Sheets 520 Henry Springer 522 Amelia M. Standard ... 522 John P. Standard 522 Christopher Trickle... 523 Edward Trickle 523 Jefferson Trickle 523 Mason B. Trickle 523 Sylvester Wilkinson . . . 524 Alonzo Wilkinson 524 Solomon Wilkinson... 525 Thomas Winn 109 Goshen Township. Eric Anderson 543 Joseph Atherton 543 Jesse S. Atherton 543 Mrs. A. Atherton 543 R. C. Baker 543 Jeremiah Bennett 543 A. R. R. Bevier 544 U II. Brown 544 Emory S. Buffum 544 Jonas Butler 544 Mrs. P. Cavenaugh .... 544 Melinda Carver 545 Dr. J. R. Crawford... 545 Wm. L. Dalrymple. . . . 545 Elder Delle 545, Mrs. Dickinson 545 Rebecca Dickinson.... 545 Jeremiah DeMuth 545 Lotan Dexter 546 George F. Dexter 546 Daniel Dodge 546 Mrs Dudley 546 S. D. Easton 546 Elijah Eltzroth 546 Conrad Emery 547 John Emery 547 Jacob Fall 547 Mrs. Farr 547 Barnabas Frail 547 D. K. Fell 548 Isabella Fell 548 Gideon B. Gillette .... 548 J. T. Gardner 549 Hugh Galbraith 549 Eph. Garrison 550 Luther Geer 550 Nelson Grant 550 Orson Grant 550 Ruth Graves 550 Thomas Gemmell 550 William J. Hamilton. . 551 Andrew Hamilton 551 A. U. Harris 551 Harry Hayes 551 John S. Haxtun 551 Martha Hill 551 Sabrina Hilliard 551 Azro Hilliard 552 Page. Charles Hinies 552 Homer H . Himes 553 Cad. Howell 553 D. J. Hurd 553 James Ingels 553 James Jackson 553 Barnabas M. Jackson. . 554 Capt. C. P. Jackson. . . 554 J. M. Jones 555 Jacob Jones 555 Sheridan Jones 555 Capt. F. A. Jones 556 William Marks 556 James Martin 557 William Mason . . : 557 John A. Maxfield ... 557 Oren Maxfield.: 557 Elijah McClenahan. .. . 557 Henry McClenahan. . 557 Elijah J. McClenahan. . 557 James McStimpson. . . . 558 Harris W. Miner 558 Susanna Miner 109 559 Robert Moore 559 Henry S. Newcomer. . . 559 Dr. J. H. Nichols 559 " James Nicholson 560 Eric U. Norberg 560 Michael No wlan 560 William No wlan 561 Philanda Pomeroy.... 561 Elijah Pomeroy 561 Henry Presler 561 Samuel Parrish 561 Squire Parrish 562 Bethuel Parrish 56 J Joel Parrish 563 J. H. Quinn 563 Mrs. Reed 564 Wm. A. Reed 564 Isaac C . Reed 564 Hugh Rhodes 564 John F. Rhodes 564 T. W. Ross 565 Jacob Ross 565 Lucretia Ruston 565 Minott Silliman 565 C. F. Spillman 566 William Snyder 566 Alfred M. Snyder 567 A. B. H. Snyder 567 J. F. Thompson 567 V Todd 568 Abbie A. Todd 56» Smith Tut tie 568 Peter H. Wade 568 John White 568 John A. White 569 John II. White 569 Samuel M. White 569 Simeon Williams 569 Rev. J. L. Williams... 570 Capt. W. W. Wright. . 570 Gad L. Yale 571 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. Xlll Osceola Township. Page. Alvin Abbott 588 Mary P. Adams 588 Major A. Ames 588 _ebulon Avery 589 Dr. J. G. Boardman. . . 589 John V Bevier 589 John H. Boyd 590 A. H. Brock 590 Mrs. Capperune 590 Mrs. Cushiug 590 James B. Doyle 590 W. P. Dator 590 Mrs. Driscoll 590 Mrs. Fink 590 Patrick Finnigan 590 Wesley T. Foster 591 Otis Gardner 591 Charles F. Hamilton.. 591 Jenny Hartley 592 Thomas W. Harmon . . 592 William Harvey 592 Geo. L. Haskins 592 Mrs. T. Horan 593 John Lackie 593 -Emily M. Lewis 593 Francis J. Liggett 594 Geo. W. Longmire. . . . 595 Catherine McNulty 595 John A. Mielkey 595 H. R. Mokeler 596 James M. Morris 596 A. B. Morse .' 597 Harmon Phenix 597 Geo. W. Reed 597 George Reeves 598 Benjamin F. Rockhold 598 Asher Smith 599 Byron Smith 599 Liberty Stone 599 Mrs. Herbert Searles. . . 600 Nicholas Sturm 600 Church Sturtevant 600 Isaac Sturm 600 A. J. Sturm 600 Seth Stuart 601 August S. Thompson . . 601 Joseph E. Weed. ... 601 Washington White. . . 602 Naomi Wilcox 602 John Winslow 602 Calvin Winslow 602 Penn Township. Henry B. Ackley 615 John Ackley 615 Humphrey Avery. . .616-18 S..G. Avery 616-19 Elizabeth Smith Avery. . 616 Miles Avery 617 Joseph C. Avery 619 Robert McBocock 619 Elijah Bocock 620 Page. Cyrus Bocock 620 Thomas J. Bocock. . . . 621 William C. Bocock.... 621 John B . Brown 622 Crammer W . Brown. . . 622 Erastus Brown 622 Harlow Brown 623 Benjamin B . Bunnell . . 623 James A. Bunnell 024 Robert E. Bunnell.... 624 Daniel Coghlan 625 Samuel Crum 625 C. W. Davison 625 Geo. D. Easelston 626 William Eagelston 626 Mary Farwell 626 James W. Fleming 626 LeviFouts 627 Zura Fuller 627 CD. Fuller 627 Ben j . F. Gharrett 628 William D. Grant 628 George Green 628 Andrew Harty 629 James Holgate 630 Dr. J. R. Holgate 630 Edwin Holmes 630 Leo Julg 633 Michael Kitterman .... 634 Alexander Kissinger . . 634 Thomas Leadley 634 "Auntie" McLaughlin. 634 James McNulty 634 Geo. W. Miller 634 Warren Pettit 635 Virgil Pike 635 Chas. H. Perkins 635 William Redding 656 William Ryan 635 Henry Seeley 635 Wm. S. Smith 635 John Snare 636 James Snare 636 R. S. Snare 637 Edward Somers 638 Elizabeth Sturm 638 Micagy Swiger 638 Wm. 'H. Whitten 638 C. Wilson 639 Archibald Wheeler. . 626 Lydia White 630 Abram Zimm 639 Valley Township. Joseph Anderson 648 Margaret C. Brain.... 648 Wm. Atkinson, 648 Perry C . Burdick 651 Bishop Chase 705 Philander Chase 706 Philander Chase 651 Heber Chase 651 Bernard Colgan 652 Thomas H. Crone 653 Page. Wm. Dawson 653 John L. Dawson 654 James L. Dawson 654 Elizabeth Down 654 Wm. Down.( 654 Mary A. Dew'hurst. . . . 65 ) James Dewhurst 655 L . Duckworth 655 G. W. Duryea 655 Joseph Eby 655 A J. Faulkner 655 Ambrose Ghert 656 A. W. Hendricks 657 Henry Hampson 657 Sarah Hampson 657 Thomas Heaghney.... 658 David Hodges 65H Chas. M. Hull 659 Geo. L. Jackson 659 James Jackson 664 Mrs. Judith S. Joh.... 660 David Joh 660 Thomas Kelly 660 G. Klepfer.... 660 Alonzo Kengsley 660 Jonathan Luce 660 George Marlatt 661 Malinda Marlatt 661 William McConnell 662 Sarah McGinniss 662 John Morrissy 663 William Peterson 663 John Schaiick 664 Jacob Simmerman 664 A. J. Simmerman 664 Edwin Snare 665 John Speers 665 Carl Stagg.' 666 James Turner 655 Charles D. Slisser. ... 669 Geo. C. Van Osdell. . . 669 Thomas Wickham, ride history. Asahel Wilmot 670 Harriet N. Wilmot 670 Samuel Wrigley 671 West Jersey Townshtp. S, V. Addis 684 D. O. Addis 684 James P. Addis 685 Ella Addis 685 Francis Anthony .... 685 John H.Anthony 685 Cyrus Anthony 685 William Barr Mrs. Bishop 686 William Bishop 686 Joseph Bodine 686 John P. Bodine 686 David J. Bodine 687 R. A. Boyd 687 David W. Brown 687 S. Caskey XIV BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. Page. Lucinda Dancer 687 John Dryden 687 Rebecca Dunn ". 687 A. A. Dunn 689 George Eckley 689 Hannah- Gaffney 689 John Finley 689 A. J. Finley 689 Samuel J. Fox 690 Sarah George • 690 Jacob N. Hazen 690 John Hazen 690 S. R. Hazen 691 James R. Henry 691 Mrs. Ingels 692 Levi Johnson 692 A. J. Johnson 692 Wm. H. Johnson 698 Page. R. W. King, M. D 693 John Keller 694 Jacob Kissell 694 Philip Knoff 694 James Little 684 William Mahany 694 James V. B. Mahany. . 694 W.S.McClanahan.M.D. 695 Rev. A. C. Miller. . . .695 I. L. Newman 696 Joseph Palmer 696 Willard Palmer 696 John Pratz 699 Jonathan Pratz 699 S. H. Sanders 699 John Sargent 700 Belle Shafer 700 Page. Mary L. Swank 700 Peter Sheets 700 George Sheets 700 Jacob B. Smith 700 Jacob Stimmell 701 Sarah H. Stimmell.... 701 Robert Stonier 701 Chas. W. Terry 702 Washington Trickle... 703 A. D. Van Sickle 703 John Wiley 7*04 W. W. Webster 704 EcclesB. West 700 Jacob Wygell 698 Mahal a Young 704 C. W. Young 704 J. Q. Young 705 R. 6 MAP OF \ _t. ILLINOIS INTRODUCTION. PA1IT I. CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATIi'S. HE honor of discovering land in the western hemisphere has been variously credited. It is said, and on very good authority, that it was known to the people of Carthage, as the Atalantis of Plato's "Critias and Timaeus." Again, Saint Brendan is credited with its discovery in the sixth century ; while Powell, in his history of Wales, assumes that the Welch prince, Madoc, left his country in 1170 with his retainers, and made a settlement here. The works of those early settlers and explorers were of such little utility that nothing has been transmitted by them to posterity which might substantiate the claims of their latter day countrymen. Not so with the Tartars and others. The ancient inhabitants of Hispaniola, Peru, Mexico, and even Canada, who came via Kamptschatka from China, Japan, and. even from Africa, left behind them immutable souvenirs of their coming and their stay, and gave to the continent two great empires — Mexico and Peru. Then followed Spain with her Christian hero, the Genoese, Col umbus, 1492; then England with the two Venetians, John and Se bastian Cabot, 1497 ; then Portugal with the Florentine, Vespucius, 1501 ; then the French explorers, Cartier, Marquette, Joliet, La Salle, Allouez, Dablon, and hundreds of other Frenchmen who explored and wrote and preached. The record of discovery by Europeans, as accepted, is as follows : Christopher Columbus, San Salvador, 1492 ; John and Sebastian Cabot, Labrador, 1497 ; Americus Vespucius, Brazil, 1501 ; Caspar Cortereal, Canada, 1501 ; Ponce de Leon, Florida, 1512 ; Juan VXazani, Coast of North Carolina, 1524; Jacques Cartier, Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1534; Hernandez Cortes, California, 1536; Fer dinand de Soto, Mississippi river, 1541 ; Samuel Champlain, Kiver St. John, 1604 ; Henry Hudson, Hudson river, 1609, Marquette, Joliet, La Salle, Upper Lake and Mississippi region ; Verandrye, DeSmet, Kooky Mountains. The aboriginal inhabitants of this continent have left numerous evidences of their existence, such as ruins, stone and copper vessels 3 17 INTRODUCTION. and instruments. The written records of their occupation are scarce and unintelligible. The Indian inhabitants number over a quarter of a million (260,079; and are grouped as follows : Apaches, New Mexico, 7,300 ; Arrapahoes. Upper Platte river, 720 ; Arrapahoes, Upper Ar kansas river, 3,000 ; Arricarees, Upper Missouri river, 1,080 ; Assim- boines, Upper Missouri river, 3,280 ; Blackfeet, Upper Missouri river, Cayt West Arkansas river, 17,530~; Chevennes, Upper Platte river, 1.800; Chevennes, Upper Arkansas river, 1,600 ; Chickasaws, West Arkansas river, 4,287 ; Chippewas of Lake Superior, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, 4,940 ; Chippewas of the Mississippi river, Minnesota, 4,028 ; Chippewas and Ottawas, Michigan, 5,006 ; Chippewas of Saginaw and Swan Creek, Michigan, 162;t; Chippewas, with Pottawatomies, Michigan, 247 ; Choctaws, West of Arkansas, 16,000; Christian, or Munsees, Kansas, 90 ; Creeks, West of Arkansas, 25,000 ; Crows, Upper Missouri river, 3,900 ; Delawares, Kansas, 1,071 ; Gros Ventres, Upper Missouri river, 1,000 ; Iowas, Nebraska. 291; Kansas Kaws, etc., Kansas, 741 ; Kaskas- kias, Weas, Peorias, Weas Miamis, and Piankeshaws, Kansas, 384 ; Kickapoos, Kansas, 340 ; Kiawas, Upper Arkansas river, 1,800; Man- dans, Upper Arkansas river, 120 ; Menominees, Wisconsin, 1,724 ; Mi- amis, Indiana, 384; Missouris and Ottoes, Nebraska, 470; Minnecon- goux, Upper Missouri river, 1,280, Muhauche, Utahs, New Mexico, 566 ; Navajoes and Moquis, New Mexico, 15,000 ; Omahas, Nebraska, 953; Onondagas, New York, 422; Oniedas, New York, 160 ; Oniedas with Onondagas, New York, 70 ; Oneidas with Stockbridge, etc., Wis consin, 323 ; Oregon Tribes, Oregon, 13,000 ; Osages, West of Arkan sas, 4,098 ; Pawnees (four bands), Nebraska, 3,414 ; Pri nos Mescal- eros, etc., New Mexico, 4()0 ; Poncas, Nebraska, 864; Pottawatomies with Kickapoos, Kansas, 69 ; Pottawatomies of Huron, Michigan, 50 ; Pottawatomies at Agency proper, Kansas. 2,259 ; Pueblos, New Mex ico, 10,000 ; Quapaws, West of Arkansas, 314 : Sacs and Foxes (Missis sippi), Kansas, 1,280 ; Sacs and Foxes (Missouri), Nebraska, 96 ; Sans Arcs, Upper Missouri river, 1,600 ; Senecas, New York, 2,988 ; Senecas, with Shawnees, West of Arkansas, 159 ; Seminoles, West of Arkansas, 2,500 ; Snawnees, Kansas, 830 ; Sioux of the Mississippi, Upper Mis souri river, 8,080 ; Sioux of the Missouri, Upper Platte river, 6,000 ; Stockbridge, with Munsees, Wisconsin, 323 ; Tuscaroras, New York, 305 ; Two Kettles, Upper Missouri river, 960 ; Utah Tribes, Utah, 1,200 ; Utahs (New Mexico), New Mexico, 2,500; Uncopapas, Upper Missouri river, 2,680 ; Washington Territory Tribes, AVashington Ter ritory, 14,oo() ; Winnebagoes, Upper Missouri river, 2,256; Wyandots, Kansas, 435 ; Yanctonnais (Missouri), Upper Missouri river, 3,840. Since the devolution many of these tribes have been constantly up in arms against the whites. The Indian War of 1790, the Barbary War of 1803, the Tecumseh War of 1804, the British Indians War of 1812. 15, tne Algerine War of 1815, the first and second rebellions of the Seminoles, 1817 and 1X35, the Black Hawk War of 1S32, the Minne sota Massacre of 18(12, the Peigan War of 1867, the Sioux War of CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 19 1875-8, the Nez Perces War of 1877, and the Apaches War of 1883, with a thousand other minor affairs convey an idea of the manner in which the conquest of the Indian nations was affected. From the days of Cortez and Pizarro to our own times war has been waged at intervals throughout the two Americas. In our own country the following named wars have engaged the attention of the inhabitants from 1675 to 1883 : King Philip's War, 1675 ; King Wil liam's War, 1689 ; Dutch War, 1673 ; Queen Anne's War, 1744 ; French and Indian War, 1753 ; American Kevolution, 1775 ; Indian War, 1790; Barbary War, 1803 ; Tecumseh War, 1804 ; War of 1812, 1812 ; Alger- ine War, 1815 ; First Seminole War, 1817 ; Black Hawk War, 1832 ; Second Seminole War, 1835 ; Mexican Wat, 1846 ; the Southern Rebel lion, 1861 ; Sioux War, 1875-78. The Eevolutionary War may be said to begin with the agitation against the Stamp Act in 1765, and to end with the inglorious surrender of Cornwallis to Washington and Lafay ette, October 19, 1781. In April, 1783 Congress notified Washington of the treaty of peace just entered into, and on April 18th, at New- burg, the commander-in-chief ordered the proclamation to be read at the head of every regiment, and religious services to be held. On April 19th, 20th, 21st and 22d festivities were the rule in honor of complete victory. Acting under Washington's order of April 19, 1783, preparations for the illumination of the victory building were made. The headquarters' regiments, then in Newburg cantonment, were ordered to cut and square 124 pieces of timber to seven inches, deliver the same to Colonel Gouvion, the French officer in charge of the illuminations, and act under his directions in erecting the building. The regiments were Maryland Detachment, Fourth Regiment, Jersey Regiment, Jersey Battalion, First New York Regiment, Second New York Regiment, Hampshire Regiment, Hampshire Battalion, First Massachusetts Regiment, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, Seventh Massachusetts Regiment, Second Massachusetts Regiment, Fifth Mass achusetts Regiment, Eighth Massachusetts Regiment and Third Mass achusetts Regiment. The shoeless troops worked in the forest until the 20th of April, delivered the timber, erected the great frame for illumination, and thus celebrated the defeat of the British. The troops of the Revolution were made up of 231,075 regular infantry and cavalry, and 56,033 militia. The states contributing were the free states, 172,819 regulars, and 45,910 militia. Slave states, 58,255 regulars, and 10,123 militia. Notwithstanding the utter rout and defeat of the English, that nation reorganized for revenge, and under many guises brought on the War of 1812. Their motto was, " we will punish that upstart Yankee nation, take its navy and some of its territory." Toward this end they dispatched 1,000 war vessels, fully manned and equipped, to capture or destroy the 20 war ships of the United States. A few " Yankee " sailors swept this fleet from our ocean and sea coasts, destroying for ever all hope in British hearts for the restoration of tyranny here. The defeat of Proctor's English and Indians in Canada closed this last struggle for English supremacy. The Mexican War brought other successes to the Union, resulted in 20 INTRODUCTION. the acquisition of some territory ; but above all formed a mihtary school in which many soldiers of the Union studied the art of war, and prepared themselves to be of use in the greater struggle, then unseen, to preserve the Union itself. The War of the Rebellion commenced in 1861 and ended in 1865. The fall of Fort Sumter was a signal for the uprising of the people. The news of the calamity was flashed throughout the world' on April 14, 1861, and early the next morning the proclamation of President Lincoln was telegraphed to the chief executive officer of each state. The proclamations of the governors were issued April 16, 1861, and on that the same day every man within the loyal states was prepared to act a citizen's part. The number of men called for by the president was 2,912,748 and the number obtained 2,690,401. The reenlistments brought the number up to 2,859,132, while the number who commuted or obtained substitutes was 86,724. The troops furnished by the Southern States were, with the excep tion of those of Louisiana, nearly all white. Florida furnished two regiments of cavalry ; Alabama one white regiment ; Mississippi one battalion, and North Carolina two regiments, one cavalry. The calls of October, 1863, and February, 1864, were combined, and the product of the draft July, 1863, credited thereon. In addition to above total, 63,322 men were obtained from the territories and secession states under the different calls. The draft gave 168,649 men. The number of colored troops was 186,097. The Confederates succeeded in enlisting 600,000 men, of whom one third were killed on the field or died of wounds or disease. The re maining 400,000 were captured, or became prisoners by surrender, or deserted. The total losses of the North and South approximated to 600,000 men. The war cost the United States about $4,000,000,000. The Chronological History of the United States has been prepared with great care. It covers the leading events in American history, and for this reason it must prove invaluable as a plain record and reference. 1492 Columbus sails from Spain August 3 ; arrives at San Salvador, Oc tober 12 ; at Cuba, October 28 ; and Hayti, December 6. 1497 Cabot discovers Labrador, July 3. 1498 Columbus discovers South America, August 10. 1501 Negro slaves imported into Spanish America, or Hispaniola. Americus Vespucius discovers Brazil. 1506 Columbus died, May 20. 1512 Florida discovered by Ponce de Leon, April 6. 1513 Balboa discovers the Pacific ocean. 1520 Carolina visited by Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon, September 29. 1534-5 Cartier came up St. Lawrence to Montreal in June. 1521 ' Mexico conquered by Cortez. 1524 Coast of North America explored by John Verazani. 1541 De Soto discovered the Mississippi. 1562 Huguenots settled at Port Royal. 1564 Huguenots settled in Florida. 1565 St. Augustine, Fla., settled by Spaniards, September 18. 1583 Henry Gilbert's troops take New Foundland. CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 21 1585 First English colony arrived on Roanoke Island under Raleigh. 1587 Second attempt to form the settlement. 1602 Cape Cod discovered by Bart. Gosnold, May 24. 1605 Port Royal, N. S., settled by the French. 1606 London and Plymouth Companies chartered. 1607 Jamestown settled by the London Company. Plymouth Company settled on the Kennebeck river, August 21. 1608 Quebec founded by the French under Champlain, July 3. 1609 Virginia received its second charter, June 2. Hudson river discovered by Hudson, September 21. 1610 Starving time in Virginia. 1612 Virginia received its third charter, March 22. 1613 Pocahontas married to Rolfe in April. 1614 John Smith explored New England coast. New York settled by the Dutch. 1616 Tobacco culture commenced in Virginia. Father Le Caron in the West. 1620 Plymouth, Mass., settled by Puritans. Negroes introduced as slaves. Charter granted to Council of Plymouth. A Dutch vessel with first negro slaves entered James river. 1621 Treaty with Massasoite, April 1. 1622 First Indian massacre in Virginia, April 1. 1623 New Hampshire settled at Little Harbor and Dover. 1627 Delaware and New Jersey settled by Swedes and Finns. 1632 Maryland settled by Irish Catholics, under the leadership of Lord Baltimore at St. Mary's, and Baltimore named after a village of that name in Cork county, Ireland. 1632-4 College founded in Baltimore. Nicollet traveled in Michigan and the West. 1633 Connecticut settled at Windsor in October. 1636 Rhode Island settled at Providence. Harvard College founded. 1637 The Pequod war. 1638 Delaware settled, near Wilmington, April. 1641 New Hampshire settlements united to Massachusetts. French mission in the Northwest. 1643 Union of the New England colonies formed, May 29. 1644 Second Indian massacre in Virginia, April. 1645 Clayborne's rebellion in Maryland. 1650 North Carolina settled on the Chowan river. 1651 The "Navagation Act" passed by the British Parliament. 1652 The Maine settlements united in Massachusetts. 1655 Civil War in Maryland. New Sweden conquered by the Dutch, October. 1663 Carolina granted to Clarendon and others. 1664 New York became an English province ; New Amsterdam changed to New York, September 8. New Jersey settled, at Elizabethtown. 1665 Mesnard, Allouez and others explore the West. 1668 Father Marquette at St. Maire. 1670 South Carolina settled, on the Ashley river. 1673 Virginia granted to Culpepper and Arlington. Marquette and Joliet explore the Illinois country. 22 INTRODUCTION. 1675 King Phillipp's war begun, attack on Swanzey, July 4. Marquette died, May 18. 1676 Bacon's Rebellion. 1680 La Salle, Hennepin and other French explorers on the Mississippi. Charleston founded. New Hampshire made a royal province, September 28. 1682 Pennsylvania settled by Quakers. Delaware granted by the Duke of York to William Penn, August 31. 1686 Andros arrived at Boston as Governor of New England, December 30. 1689 King William's war commenced. Attack upon Dover, July 7. 1690 Schenectady burned by the French and Indians, February 8. Port Royal taken by the English under Phipps, May. 1692 "Salem Witchcraft" delusion prevailed. 1697 King William's war terminated, September 20. 1702 Queen Anne's war commenced. 1710 Port Royal, Nova Scotia, captured by the English, October 13. 1713 Queen Anne's war terminated, April 11. 1729 North and South Carolina became separate provinces, July. 1732 AVashington born, in Westmoreland county, Virginia, February 22. 1733 Georgia settled, at Savannah, February 12. 1741 "The Negro Plot," in New York. 1744 King George's war begun. 1745 Louisburg captured by the English, June 28. 1748 King George's war ended, October 18. 1753 AVashington sent with a letter from Dinwiddie, October 31. 1754 Washington delivered St. Pierre's reply to Dinwiddie, December 11. The battle of Great Meadows, May 28. Congress of Commissioners met at Albany, June. The battle of Fort Necessity, July 4. 1755 French expelled from Nova Scotia by Moncton, June. Braddock's defeat at the battle of Monongahela, July 9. The British defeated by Dieskau, near Lake George, September 8. Dieskau defeated by the British at Lake George, September 8. 1756 Great Britain declared war against France, May 17. France declared war against Great Britain, June 9. The French, under Montcalm, captured Oswego, August 14. Indians defeated at Kittaning, September 8. 1757 Fort AVilliam Henry surrendered to Montcalm, August 9. The massacre at Fort William Henry, August 10. 1758 Lord Howe killed in a skirmish at Ticonderoga, July 6. Abercrombie repulsed by Montcalm at Ticonderoga, July 8. Louisburg taken by Amherst and Wolfe, July 26. Fort Frontenac surrendered to the English, August 27. Grant defeated by Anbrv, near Fort Duquesne, September 21. 1759 Ticonderoga and Crown Point abandoned bv the French. Niagara surrendered to the English, under Johnson, July 25. Battle of Montmorenci, July 31. Battle of the Plains of Abraham, September 13. Quebec surrendered to the English, September 18. 1760 The French attempted the recovery of Quebec, April 28. Montreal and the whole of Canada" surrendered to -the English Sep tember 8. l 1763 The Peace of Paris between Great Britain and France, February 10. CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 23 1763 Florida ceded to Great Britain by Spain, February 10. 1765 The Stamp Act passed by the British Parliament, March' 8. A Colonial Congress met at New York, October 7. 1766 The Stamp Act repealed by the British Parliament, March 18. 1767 A bill imposing duties on glass, paper, etc., passed June 29. 1768 A body of British troops arrived at Boston, September 27. 1770 " The Boston Massacre," March 5. All duties, except on tea, repealed by Parliament, April 12. 1773 The cargoes of tea at Boston thrown overboard, December 16. 1774 " Boston Port Bill " passed by Parliament, March. " The First Continental Congress" met at Philadelphia, September 5. Declaration of Rights, November 4. 1775 The battle of Lexington April 19. The Revolution; battle of Lexington, April 19; perpetual Union of colonies, May 20; Washington appointed Commander in-Chief, in May; Marshal of France, by King Louis, in July, 1776. The five sons of Maurice O'Brien made the first naval capture. Ticonderoga taken by the Americans, May 10; Bunker Hill, defeat of Americans — British lost 1,054, Americans lost 453. Captain John Barry received the first naval commission. Washington takes command at Cambridge, July 3; Continental fast, July 20; Falmouth burned by British. October 17; Montreal sur rendered to Montgomery, November 13; Battle of Quebec, Decem ber 31. 1776 Norfolk destroyed by British, January 1; Boston evacuated by Brit ish, March 17; Battle of Fort Moultrie, South Carolina, June 28. The Americans took possession of Dorchester Heights, March 17; Washington arrived at New York, April 14; Battle of Long Isl and, August 27; New York abandoned by the Americans, Septem ber 15; Battle of Fort Washington, New York, November 16; Fort Lee, New Jersey, taken by British, November 18; General Lee taken prisoner, December 13. Independence declared, July 4; commissioners to solicit the aid of the French. Battle of Brooklyn, August 27; Howe lost 2,000, but succeeded in defeating Sullivan and Putnam, who lost only 400; New York evacuated by Americans; Battle of White Plains, October 28; Howe lost 300 or 400, but defeats Washington; AVashington re treated beyond the Delaware, November 28. Congress adjourned to Baltimore, December 12. Battle of Trenton, December 26; Washington defeats Rahl; the Americans lost nine men, the English 1,000. 1777 Battle near Princeton, January 3; Americans lost 100; Mayhood's English command was defeated and lost 400. Battle of Bennington; Stark lost 100; but defeats Baum and Bre men's English commands, and kills 600 of the enemy. Battle of Brandywine, September 11; Howe defeats the Americans. , Philadelphia possessed by the British, September 27; Battle of Germantown, October 4; defeat of AVashington by Howe. The battle of Stillwater; Burgoyne defeated by Gates, October 7. Sar atoga, October 17; Burgoyne surrenders with 5,752 men. On April 25, Lafayette landed at the little port of Georgetown, at the mouth of the Great Pee Dee river in South Carolina; and 24 INTRODUCTION. from that day forward the career of Marie Jean Paul Roch Yves Gilbert Motier, Marquis De Lafayette, has held a place in the his tory of America, and in the interest and affection of the Ameri can people. 1778 Treaty with France, February 6. June 18, Philadelphia evacuated by British. June 28, battle of Monmouth; Americans defeat their enemies. The French troops under Count d'Estaing, with twelve ships-of-the line and six frigates, arrived in July.' Counts, Dillon, MacMahon, YValshe, Roche, Lafayette, Rochambeau were among the officers. Battle of Rhode Island, August 29; Sullivan defeats Pigott. Savannah taken by British, December 29. New Haven plundered by the British. Wyoming massacre, July 3. Cherry Valley massacre. 1779 The battle of Stony Ferry, South Carolina, June 20. Tryon's third expedition against Connecticut, July. The battle of Stony Point, New York, July 15. British garrison at Paulus Hook surprised by Lee, July 19. The battle of the Penobscot, Maine, August 13. Sullivan's expedition against the Indians . " The Battle of the Chemung," New York, August 29. Savannah besieged by the French and Americans, September, Octo ber. Paul Jones' naval battle off the coast of England, September 23. D'Estaing and Lincoln repulsed at Savannah, October 9. 1780 Charleston besieged by the British, April, May. The battle of Monk's Corner, South Carolina, April 14. Charleston surrendered to the British, May 12. The battle of Waxhaw, South Carolina, May 29. The battle of Springfield, New Jersey, June 23 ." French Fleet arrived at Newport, Rhode Island, July 10. The battle of Rocky Mount, South Carolina, July 30. The battle of Hanging Rock, South Carolina, August 6 . The battle of Sanders' Creek, South Carolina, August 16. The battle of Fishing Creek, South Carolina, August 18. Arnold's treason. Andre executed as a spy at Tappan, New York, October 2. The battle of King's Mountain, South Carolina, October 7. The battle of Fishdam Ford, South Carolina, November 12. The battle of Blackstocks, South Carolina, November 20. 1781 Revolt of the Pennsylvania troops. January 1. The battle of the Cowpens, tjouth Carolina, January 17. The revolt of New Jersey troops, January 18. Arnold's depreciation in Virginia, January. Cornwallis's pursuit of Morgan and Greene, January, February. The battle of Guilford Court House, North Carolina, March 15. Articles of Confederation ratified by the States. The battle of Hobkirk Hill, South Carolina, April 25. Siege of Ninety-six by General Greene, May, June. The battle of Ninety-six, South Carolina, June 18. Colonel Hayne executed by the British, at Charleston, July 31. Arnold's expedition against Connecticut, September. The battle of Fort Griswold, Connecticut, September 6. CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 25 1781 The battle of Eutaw Springs, South Carolina, September 8. The siege of Yorktown, Virginia, October. The surrender of Cornwallis, at Yorktown, October 19. 1782 Preliminary articles of peace signed at Paris, November 30. 1783 Cessation of hostilities proclaimed in the American army, April 19. Savannah, Georgia, evacuated by the British, July 11. Definite treaty of peace signed at Paris, September 3. American army disbanded by orders of Congress, November 3. New York evacuated by the British, November 25. Charleston, South Carolina, evacuated by the British, December 14. Washington resigns his commission, December 23. 1785 John Adams, ambassador to England. 1787 Shay's Rebellion, in Massachusetts. Constitution of the United States agreed on by the convention of delegates at Philadelphia, September 17. Cotton introduced into Georgia. 1788 Ratification of Constitution by all States except Rhode Island and North Carolina. 1789 The first Congress under the Constitution met at New York, March 4. Washington inaugurated President of the United States, April 30. 1790 Harmar defeated by the Indians, in Indiana, October 17, 22. 1791 United States bank established at Philadelphia. Vermont admitted into the Union, March 4. St. Clair defeated by the Indians, in Ohio, November 4. 1792 Kentucky admitted into the Union, June 1. 1793 The difficulties with France. 1794 AVayne defeated by the Indians, on theMaumee, August 20. " Whisky Insurrection" in Pennsylvania. , 1795 " Jay's Treaty " with Great Britain ratified, June 24. Treaties with the AVestern Indians, Spain and Algiers. 1796 Tennessee admitted into the Union, June 1. 1797 John Adams inaugurated President of the United States, March 4. 1799 The death of Washington, December 14. 1800 The seat of government removed to AVashington. Treaty of peace concluded with France, September 30. 1801 Thomas Jefferson inaugurated President, March 4. War declared against the United States by Tripoli, June 10. 1802 Ohio admitted into the Union, November 29. 1803 Louisiana purchased of France, April 30. Commodore Preble sent against Tripoli. 1804 The frigate Philadelphia destroyed by Decatur, February 15. The duel between Hamilton and Burr, July 11. 1805 Derne, a Tripolitan city, captured by Eaton, April 27. Treaty of peace concluded with Tripoli, June 3. 1806 British blockade from the Elbe to Brest declared, May 16. Bonaparte issued his "Berlin Decree" November 21. 1807 British "Orders in Council" prohibited 'coast trade with France, January 7. American frigate Chesapeake attacked by the Leopard, June 22. British armed vessels ordered to leave the United States, July. British " Orders in Council" prohibited all trade with France and her allies, November 11. 26 INTRODUCTION. 1807 Aaron Burr tried for treason, and acquitted, September. Bonaparte issued his "Milan Decree," December 17. Embargo on American ships laid by Congress, December 22. 1809 Commerce with Britain and France interdicted by Congress, March 1. James Madison inaugurated President, March 4. 1811 Action between the frigate President and Little Belt, May 16. Battle of Tippecanoe, Indiana, November 7. 1812 Louisiana admittted into the Union, April 8. War against Great Britain proclaimed by the United States, June 19. Invasion of Canada by General Hull, July 12. Surrender of Fort Mackinaw, Michigan, July 17. The first battle of Brownstown, Michigan, August 5. The second battle of Brownstown, August 9. Surrender of Detroit, Michigan, by General Hull, August 16. British sloop Alert taken by the frigate Essex, August 13. British frigate Guerriere taken by the Constitution, August 19. The battle of Queenstown, Canada, October 13. British brig Frolic taken by the Wasp, October 18. British frigate Macedonian taken by the United States, October 25. British frigate Java taken by the Constitution, December 29. 1813 The battle of Frenchtown, Michigan, January 22. British brig Peacock taken by the Hornet, February 24. Madison commenced a second presidential term, March 4. The battle of York, Canada, April 27. Fort Meigs, on the Maumee, besieged by Proctor, May 1. The battle of Fort Meigs, Ohio, May 5. Fort George, Canada, taken by the Americans, May 27. The battle of Sackett's Harbor, New York, May 29. American frigate Chesapeake taken by the Shannon, June 1. The battle of Fort Stephenson, Ohio, August 2. American brig Argus taken by the Pelican, August 14. Creek AVar commenced by the massacre at Fort Mims, August 30. British brig Boxer taken by the Enterprise, September 5. Perry's victory or. Lake Erie, September 10. The battle of the Thames, Canada, October 5. The battle of Chrysler's Field, Canada, November 11. 1814 The battle of Tohopeka, the last of the Creek AVar, March 27. American frigate Essex taken by the Phoebe and Cherub, March 28. The battle of La Colle Mill, Canada, March 30. British brig Epervier taken by the Peacock, April 29. British sloop Reindeer taken by the American sloop AVasp, June 28. Fort Erie captured by the Americans, July 3. The battle of Chippewa, Canada, July 5. The battle of Lundy's Lane, or Bridgewater, Canada, July 25. The first battle of Fort Erie, Canada, August 15. The battle of Bladensburg, Maryland. August 24. The city of Washington taken by the British, August 24. British sloop Avon taken by the American sloop AVasp, September 1. McDonough's victory on Lake Champlain, September 11. The battle of Plattsburg, New York, September 11. The battle of North Point, Maryland, September 12. - CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 27 1814 The battle of Fort McIIenry, Maryland, September 13. The battle of Fort Bowyer, Alabama, September 15. The second battle of Fort Erie, Canada, September 17. The British driven from Pensacola by General Jackson, November 7. The battle on Lake Borgne, Louisiana, December 14. Hartford Convention, December. The battle nine miles from New Orleans, December 23. Treaty of peace between the United States and Great Britain, De cember 24. 1815 The battle of New Orleans, January 8. American frigate President captured by a British squadron, Jan uary 15. The Cayanne and Levant taken by the Constitution, February 20. The British brig Penguin taken by the Hornet, March 23. War with Algiers declared by Congress, March. Commodore Decatur sent against Algiers, May. 1816 Bank of United States re-chartered for twenty years, April 10. Indiana admitted into the Union, December 11. 1817 James Monroe inaugurated President, March 4. Mississippi admitted into the Union, December 10. The Seminoles and Creeks commenced depredations. 1818 General Jackson went against the hostile Indians, March. Pensacola seized by General Jackson, May 24. Illinois admitted into the Union, December 3. 1819 Alabama admitted into the Union, December 14.. 1820 Maine admitted into the Union, March 15. Florida ceded to the United States by Spain, October. 1821 Missouri admitted into the Union, August 10. 1824 Lafayette visited the United States, August. 1825 John Quincy A.dams inaugurated President, March 4. 1826 Death of the two ex-presidents, Adams and Jefferson, July 4. 1829 Andrew Jackson inaugurated President, March 4. 1831 Death of ex-President Monroe, July 4. 1832 "The Black Hawk War." "Nullification" in South Carolina. 1833 Removal of the government funds from the United States Bank, October. 1835 War with the Seminoles commenced. General Thompson and friends massacred by the Seminoles, Decem ber 28. . Major Dade and party massacred by the Seminoles, December 28. 1836 Arkansas admitted into the Union, June 15. 1837 Michigan admitted into the Union, January 26. Martin Van Buren inaugurated President, March 4. The battle of Okechobee, Florida, December 25. 1841 AVilliam Henry Harrison inaugurated President, March 4. Death of AVilliam Henry Harrison, April 4. John Tyler inaugurated President, April 6. 1842 The war wilh the Seminoles terminated. The "Dorr Rebellion" in Rhode Island. 1845 Joint resolutions for the annexation of Texas signed, March 1. James K. Polk inaugurated President, March 4. Florida admitted into the Union, March 3. Texas admitted into the Union, December 29. 2S INTRODUCTION.. 1846 Thornton's party captured by the Mexicans, Texas, April 26 . Fort Brown bombarded by the Mexicans, May. The battle of Palo Alto, Texas, May 8. The battle of Resaca de la Palma, Texas, May 9. Congress declared "war existed by the act of Mexico," May 11. Taylor crossed the Rio Grande and took Matamoras, May 18. Monterey, Mexico, surrendered to General Taylor, September 24. The battle of Bracito, Mexico, December 25. Iowa admitted to the Union, December 28. 1847 The battle of Buena Vista, Mexico, February 23. The battle of Sacramento, Mexico, February 28. The surrender of Vera Cruz to General Scott, March 27. The battle of Cerro Gordo, Mexico, April 18. The battles of Contreras and Churubusco, Mexico, August 20. The battle of Molina del Rey, Mexico, September 8. The battle of Chapultepec, Mexico, September 13. The city of Mexico entered by the Americans, under Scott, Septem ber 14. The battle of Huamantla, Mexico, October 9. 1848 Treaty of peace signed at Guadalupe Hidalgo, February 2. Wisconsin admitted into the Union, May 29. 1849 Zachary Taylor inaugurated President, March 5. 1850 The death of President Taylor, July 9. Millard Fillmore inaugurated President, July 10. California admitted into the Union, September 9. 1853 Franklin Pierce inaugurated President, March 4. 1854 "Kansas-Nebraska Bill" passed, June. 1857 James Buchanan-inaugurated President, March 4. 1858 Minnesota admitted into the Union, May 11. 1859 Oregon admitted into the Union, February 14. John Brown's raid into Virginia, October 16. 1860 Secession ordinance passed by South Carolina, December 20. 1861 Secession of Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas and North Carolina declared. Steamer Star of the West, off Charleston, fired into, January 9. Kansas admitted into the Union, January 29. "Southern Confederacy" formed at Montgomery, Alabama, Febru ary 4. Jefferson Davis inaugurated President of the Confederacy, February 18. Abraham Lincoln inaugurated President of the United States, March 4. Fort Sumter attacked by the Confederates, April 12, 13. President Lincoln calls for 75,000 troops, April 15. Volunteer troops attacked in Baltimore, April 19. The President issues a second call for troops, May 4. Confederate victory at Big Bethel, Alrginia, June 10. Union victory at Romney, Virginia, June 11.' Union victory at Booneville, Missouri, June 17. Meeting of Congress in extra session, July 4. Battle of Carthage, Missouri, July 5. Battle of Rich Mountain, Virginia, July 11. Battle near Centreville, Virginia, July 18. CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 29 1861 Confederate Congress meets at Richmond, July 20. Battle of Bull Run, Virginia, July 21. Battle of Dug Spring, Missouri, August 2. Battle of Wilson's Creek, Missouri, August 10. Forts Hatteras and Clark, North Carolina, captured, August 29. Confederates take Lexington, Missouri, September 20. Battle of Edwards' Ferry, or Ball's Bluff, Virginia, October 21. Capture of Port Royal, entrance by Union fleet, November 7. Battle of Belmont, Missouri, November 7. Mason and Slidel taken from English steamer, November 8. 1862 Battle of Mill Spring, Kentucky, January 19. Fort Henry capuired by Union fleet, February 6. Roanoke Island captured by Union forces, February 8. Fort Donelson captured by Union forces, February 16. Battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, March 6, 8. United States vessels, Congress and Cumberland sunk by the Merri- mac, March 8. Engagement between the Monitor and Merrimac, March 1). Newbern, North Carolina, captured by Union troops, March 14. Battle of Winchester, Virginia, March 23. Battle of Pittsburg Landing, or Shiloh, Tennessee, April 6, 7. Capture of Island No. 10, Mississippi river, April 7. Fort Pulaski, Georgia, captured by Union fleet, April 11. New Orleans captured by Union forces, April 25. Battle of Williamsburg, Virginia, May 5. Norfolk, Virginia, surrendered to the Unionists, May 10. Confederates retreat from Corinth, Mississippi, May 28, 29. Battle of Seven Pines or Fair Oaks, May 31, June 1. Memphis, Tennessee, surrendered to the Unionists, June 6. Seven days' contest on the Virginia peninsula, June 25 to July 1. The President calls for 300,000 more troops, July 1. Battle of Cedar Mountain, Virginia, August 9. Pope's battles between Manassas and Washington, August 23-30. Battle near Richmond, Kentucky, August 30. Invasion of Maryland by Lee's army, September 5. Battle of South Mountain, Maryland, September 14. Harper's Ferry surrendered to the Confederates, September 15. Battle of Antietam, Maryland, September 1 7. Battle of Munfordsville, Kentucky, September 17. Battle of Iuka, Mississippi, September 19. Battle of Corinth, Mississippi, October 4. Battle of Perryville, Kentucky, October 8. Battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, December 13. Union repulse at Vicksburg, Mississippi, December 29 . Battle of Stone River, or Murfreesboro', Tennessee, December 31. 1863 The President's Emancipation Proclamation issued, January 1. Battle of Murfreesboro' resumed and ended, January 2. Arkansas Post captured by Union forces, January 11. Bombardment of Fort Sumter, South Carolina, April 7. Union cavalry raid, under Grierson, in Mississippi, April. Battle at Port Gibson, Mississippi, May 1. Battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, May 2, 3. Battle of Raymond, Mississippi, May 12. 30 INTRODUCTION. 1863 Union victory near Jackson, Mississippi, May 14. Battle of Champion Hill, Mississippi; Montana organized, May 16. Battle at Big Black River, Mississippi, May 17. Second invasion of Maryland by Lee's army, June. West Virginia admitted into the Union, June 20. Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, July 1, 3. Vicksburg surrendered by the Confederates, July 4. Port Hudson surrendered by the Confederates, July 8. Great riot in New York, July 13, 16, Morgan defeated near Kyger's Creek, Ohio, July 21. Morgan captured near New Libson, Ohio, July 26. Fort Wagner, South Carolina, captured by Union, troops, September 6. Battle of Chickamauga, Georgia, September 19, 20. Knoxville, Tennessee, invested by the Confederates, November 18. Union victory at Lookout Mountain, Georgia, November 24. Union victory at Mission Ridge, Georgia, November 25. Union victory at Knoxville, Kentucky, November 29. 1864 The President orders a draft for more men, February 1. Battle of Olustee, Florida, February 20. Grant created Lieutenant-General, March 3. Fort De Russy, Louisiana, captured by Union troops, March 14. Battle of Cane River, Louisiana, March 26. Battle of Mansfield, or Sabine Cross Roads, Louisiana, April 8. Battle of Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, April 9. Fort Pillow, Tennessee, captured by the Confederates, April 12. Plymouth, North Carolina, surrendered to the Confederates, April 20. Army of the Potomac commenced a forward movement, May 3. Battle of the Wilderness, Virginia, May 5, 7. March from Chattanooga against Atlanta commenced, May 8. Battle near Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia, May 7, 12. Battle of Resaca, Georgia, May 15. Battle of Newmarket, Arirginia, May 15. Army of the Potomac crossed to south side of the James, June 14. Battle between the Kearsarge and Alabama, June 19. Invasion of Maryland by Early's army, July 5. Battle of Monocaey, Maryland, July 9.. The President calls for five hundred thousand volunteers, July 18. Battles before Atlanta, Georgia, July 20, 22, 28. Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, sacked and burned, July 30. Explosion of mine and Union repuLe at Petersburg, July 30. Confederates defeated in Mobile Bay, Alabama, August 5. Weldon railroad seized by Union troops, August 18. Atlanta, Georgia, captured by Union army, September 2. Battle of Winchester, ATirginia, September 19. Battle of Fisher's Hill, \Tirginia, September 22. Battle of Cedar Creek, A7irginia, October 19. Confederate ram Albemarle destroyed bv torpedo, October 4. Plymouth, North Carolina, recaptured by Union troops. October 31. Nevada admitted into the Union, October 31. Battle of Franklin, Tennessee, Noyember30. Battle near Nashville, Tennessee, December 16. Savannah, Georgia, captured by Union army, December 21. 1865 Fort Fisher, North Carolina, captured January 15. CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 31 1865 Constitutional Amendment abolishing slavery, January 31. Columbia, South Carolina, captured, February 17. Charleston, South Carolina, captured by Union troops, February 18. Wilmington, North Carolina, captured by Union troops, February 22. Battle of Bentonville, North Carolina, March 19, 20. Battle near Goldsboro', North Carolina, March 21. Battle of Fort Steadman, Virginia, March 25. Petersburg and Richmond captured, April 3. Surrender of Lee's army, April 9. Mobile, Alabama, captured by Union forces, April 13. President Lincoln assassinated, April 14. Andrew Johnson inaugurated President, April 15. Surrender of Johnston's army, April 26. Jefferson Davis captured in Georgia, May 10. Close of the Great Rebellion ; last battle at mouth of Rio Grande, May 12, 13. Slavery declared abolished, December 18. 1867 Nebraska admitted into the Union, March 1. Alaska purchased from Russia for $7,200,000, June 20. 1868 The House of Representatives impeached President Johnson, Febru ary 24. The President was declared acquitted, April 26. 1869 Ulysses S. Grant inaugurated President, March 4. 1871 The "Alabama Treaty " was concluded, May 8. The great fire of Chicago occurred, October 9, 10. 1873 Second Chicago fire. 1876 The Centennial Anniversary of American Independence. The " World's Fair " in Philadelphia, May 10 to November 10. Colorado admitted into the Union, August 1. 1877 Rutherford B. Hayes inaugurated President, March 5. 1881 James A. Garfield inaugurated President, March 4. James A. Garfield shot by Charles J. Guiteaii. at Washington, July 2. James A. Garfield died at Long Branch, September 19. Chester A. Arthur inaugurated President, September 20. 1882 The Two Cents Postage Bill introduced, December 8. 1883 Centennial of the evacuation of New York by the British, Novem ber 26, following the capture of Cornwallis at Yorktown. 1884 James G. Blaine, the Republican nominee for president, defeated. A small majority giving New York State to Grover Cleveland, the nominee of the democratic party. 1885-6 The "Canadian Fisheries" and the "Cutting Affair" claimed some attention from the State Department. The press and people prevented a wanton attack on the sister republic of Mexico. PART II. CHRONOLOGY OF ILLINOIS. HE origin of the name Illinois is variously credited. Some persons maintain that the early French explorers called it Isle a-u.i; Nois or Nut Island, while others are equally certain that the aborigines applied the name Illini or Land of Superior Men. The first party state that, while the explorers were en route down the Mississippi, they camped on an island covered with a heavy growth of pecan trees, and there gave this name to the country. The second party give the authority of Algonquin annals for the word Iliniwok, meaning men, and also quote the Otchipwe and Cree adapta tion of the word Jnini-woJe and lyimwok, as applied to the prairie Indians in the same manner as Chicagok was applied to the red settlers along Chicago river and their neighborhood. This latter definition is accepted with very just reason ; for the onqe powerful confederacy of the Illinois was in truth a race of superior Indians. This confederacy comprised the Tamaroas, Michigans, Kaskaskias, Cahokas and Peorias, with representatives of the Miamis and Dela wares, who, between 1670 and 1675 returned from the West and settled in this State. Some years prior to 1670, in 1655, those tribes inhabited the country south of lakes Erie and Michigan, but were driven westward beyond the Mississippi by the Iroquois, where their eight towns stood in 1670, when Father Marquette visited St. Esprit, on Lake Superior. In 1673 Marquette and .joliet met them here, and tAvo years later the former established the Mission of the Immaculate Conception among them at Kaskaskia, seven miles below the present town of Ottawa. Four years after the establishment of this mission, in 1679, La Salle found at least six thou sand persons there and four hundred and sixty lodges ; and there they resided until the Pottawatomie war. when the "power of the confederacy was shattered at Starved Rock. The Sacs and Foxes inhabited the northwestern part of this State, and in later years became notorious as the allies of the English. In 1832 there were twelve Sac families and eight Foxes; while Kickapoos, Shavvnees, Mascoulins, Piankishaws, Pottawatomies, Otchipwes and Ottawas were represented in other parts of the State, as related in the histoiy of the county. 1655 First Iroquois Invasion of Illinois. 1671 Exploration by Nicholas Perrot. 1 672 Exploration by Fathers Allouez and Dablon . 32 CHRONOLOGY OF ILLINOIS. 33 1673 Return of the Illinois tribes. Exploration by Louis Joliet . Exploration by Father Marquette. Marquette's Voyage up the Illinois and Desplaines Rivers . 1674 Establishment of the Mission of the Immaculate Conception near Utica, La Salle county. 1675 Death of Marquette, May 18. 1680 Fathers Ribourde and Membre at Starved Rock. Chevalier La Salle takes possession of Illinois for France . La Salle at Lake Peoria, January 3. La Salle returned to Fort Frontenac (Canada.) Henry Tonti, the Italian, and fifteen men at Fort Crevecoeur. Second Invasion of Illinois by the Iroquois. Father Louis Hennepin left Fort Crevecoeur in February for the Upper Mississippi . Father Ribourde murdered by Kickapoo Indians. 1680 Anthony Auquel and Michael Ake explored the Illinois river country. Tonti returned to Green Bay. Annihilation of the Illinois and Tamaroas by the Iroquois. La Salle returned to Illinois . 1682 Building of Fort St. Louis. La Salle descended the Mississippi, and named the country Louisiana. 1682-7La Salle visited France; brought out a colony to the Gulf States; explored New Mexico. 1687 La Salle and twenty men left Fort St. Louis (Matagorda Bay) for Illinois, January 12. Assassination of La Salle's nephew by Du Haut and Leotat, en route to Illinois. Assassination of La Salle by Du Haut and Leotat. 168- Tonti's expedition in search of La Salle and colonists. 1689 Execution of Du Haut and Leotat, the assassins. 1690 The Mission of the Immaculate Conception removed from Old Kas- kaskia, or Fort St. Louis, on the Illinois river, to Kaskaskia, six miles above the mouth of the Kaskaskia river. 1690-lSettlement of Cahokia, five miles below St. Louis city, near mouth of Cahokia. 1698 Kaskaskia founded by Rev. Father Gravier. Father Pinet at Ca hokia. 1712 M. Crozat, of Paris, granted a monopoly of trade in Illinois. 1717 Settlement of St. Philip, forty-five miles from Cahokia. Philip Renault, 1719. Al. Crozat surrendered his charter. Company of the West organized. 1718 Settlement of Fort Chartres, twelve miles above Kaskaskia, by Mis sissippi Company. Settlement of Kaskaskia, six miles above confluence of Kaskaskia and Mississippi. Settlement of Prairie du Rocher, near Fort Chartres. 1 720 Philip Renault introduced Negro slaves into Illinois. 1730 Total population of settlements: 1*0 French families, 200 French traders, 600 converted Indians. 1750 Father Vivier preaching to the Illinois tribes. He places the popu lation of the five French villages at 1,100 whites, 300 blacks, and 60 red savages. The three Indian villages did not then contain 34 INTRODUCTION. more than 800 souls, all told. There was not a settlement between the Arkansas and Illinois rivers at that date. 1765 The French flag replace! by the British flag on Fort Chartres, Octo ber 10. Pontiac and two hundred French families settled on the Kankakee, near AVilmington. 1769 Pontiac assassinated by Illinois Chief at Joliet Mound after the Council. Extermination of the Illinois. 1773 The Illinois Land Company organized. Purchased lands from the Peorias and Kaskaskias. 1775 The French trader Viviat organized the Wabash Land Company of Virginia, aided by Pere M. Gibault, July 4. Total defeat of the British. 1776 Shabbonee bom near Wilmington, Illinois. 1778 La Ville de Meillet founded near Lake Peoria. Capture of Kaskaskia by the Americans under Colonel George Rogers Clarke . M. Gibault negotiates for the surrender of Vincennes, the establish ment of American courts, etc. Establishment of the county of Illinois in October. John Todd ap pointed Lieutenant-Commander by Patrick Henry, December 12. 1779 Surrender of the British Governor and General Hamilton (the hair- buyer) to General Clarke, February. 1780 The Illinois and W abash Land Companies consolidated. 1784 Virginia ceded all her territory north of the Ohio to the United States, when a territorial form of government was instituted. 1787 Ordinance for the government of the Northwestern Territory. Major-General Arthur St. Clair appointed Governor by Congress. Illinois a county of Indiana Territory. 1796 J. B. Pointe au Sable, a resident of Chicago. Old Peoria abandoned. 1804 Building of Fort Dearborn at Chicago. Treaty with Sacs and Foxes. 1805 First mail route (Vincennes to Cahokia) established. 1809 The Territory of Illinois organized. John Boyle, of Kentucky, ap pointed Governor by President Madison. Boyle declined this position, when it was offered to Ninian Edwards. St. Clair and Randolph counties only political divisions of Ter ritory. 1811 Peace Convention with Pottawatomies at Peoria. Battle of Tippecanoe, November 7. 1812 Building of Fort Russell, near the present village of Edwardsville. Massacre of Fort Dearborn, August 16. Governor Edwards' militia attack the Pottawatomie village at Peoria, August. Captain Craig burned Peoria., November. 1813 General Howard's command of nine hundred men build Fort Clarke, at Peoria. 1814 Illinois Ilertihl established at Kaskaskia. Governor Clarke's expedition up the Mississippi. The Sixty-sixth Illinois Rangers' terrific fight near Rock Island. Major Taylor, Captains lioctor and Whiteside attack the English and Indians near Rock river. Defeat of the Americans. Peace of Ghent, December 24. CHRONOLOGY OF ILLINOIS. 35 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. Lands between Illinois and Mississippi rivers ceded. 1818 Fort Clarke destroyed by fire. Territorial Legislature petitioned Congress for admission as a State in January. The Enabling Act was passed April 18. Convention of Kaskaskia, July. Illinois admitted, December 3. Change of northern boundary so as to secure Chicago. Adoption of whipping, stocks, pillory, and gibbet for punishment of criminals. First State election. Shadrack Bond, Governor ; Pierre Mesnard, Lieutenant-governor. 1819 Peoria reoccupied and settled by American citizens. Vandalia, the seat of government. (Removed to Springfield in 1837.) 1820 Reverend J. M. Peck was the first educated Protestant minister in the State. He settled in St. Clair county. 1821 Appropriation of $10,000 by State Legislature for survey of Illinois and Michigan canal. Incorporation of the Bank of Illinois. Henry R. Schoolcraft and party at Fort Joliet. 1822 The slavery and anti-slavery questions raised for election purposes. 1824 Direct mail route from Vandalia to Springfield; and to Chicago in 1832. Aggregate vote polled, 11,612. The proposition to make Illinois a slave State defeated at the polls by 1,800 votes. ,1825 Lafayette accepted invitation of Assembly and visited Kaskaskia in February. Bills for the support of schools and construction of roads by pub lic tax passed. 1826 Sanganash, or Billy Caldwell, appointed Justice of Peace of Peoria county. Congress granted 800,000 acres of land to the State to aid in build ing the canal. 1827 Winnebago War under Chief Red Bird. General Cass, of Michigan, visited Illinois. 1828 Line of Illinois and Michigan canal resurveyed. The Methodist Episcopal college, Lebanon, established. First in State. 1830 The legal rate of interest established. Previously 150 per centum was reached. 1831 Criminal code adapted to penitentiary punishment. Black Hawk established himself upon his disputed territory. General Gaines, commanding 1,500 Illinois volunteers, destroyed the Indian town, and forced Black Hawk's people to cede all lands east of the Mississippi, and settle on the west side of the river. 1832 General Zachary Taylor, Abraham Lincoln, Jeff Davis and Lieu tenant Robert Anderson, at Dixon, Illinois, in re Black Hawk's war. Black Hawk recrossed the Mississippi to war on the whites. Building of Fort Joliet. 36 INTRODUCTION. 1832 Governor Reynolds collected 1,800 volunteers under command of Brigadier-General Whiteside. This command destroyed Prophets- town, and proceeded to join General Atkinson's division . The flight from Stillman's Run was one of the comicalities of this war. The assault on Apple River fort, June, 1832. Black Hawk and 150 warriors defeated by 25 men. Generals Henry and Atkinson at the battle of Rock river. Three hundred savages killed and 50 made prisoners, against 17 whites killed and 12 wounded. Black Hawk and his special warriors, who escaped from the Rock river affair, were captured by the AVinnebagoes and handed over to General Street. He was interned in Fortress Monroe with other hostile Sacs, until June 4, 1833, when the chief and his party were conveyed to Rock Island, Illinois, and there set at liberty. He settled near Des Moines, Iowa. In 1838 this old ally of the British died. Massacre of the settlers on Indian creek. Rachel and Sylvia Hall captured by Indians. Ransom, $2,000 and a number of horses. 1833 Treaty of Chicago. 1834-5 Beginning of Governor Duncan's administration. Appropriations aggregating $10,230,000 made by the State. Town lot fever. Railroads for every man, or a money compensation. Legislators magnificently reckless. 1834 First payment of annuity, at Chicago, under treaty of 1833, in October. 1836 The construction of the Illinois and Michigan canal commenced. 1837 Elijah P. Lovejoy, Abolitionist, mobbed and killed at Alton, No vember 7. 1838 The first locomotive run on Northern Cross railroad, November 8. Thomas Carlin elected Governor, opposed by Cyrus Edwards, Whig. 1839 The Illinois Institute for Deaf aud Dumb was founded, and the buildings erected at Jacksonville in, 1842. 1840 Settlement of the Mormons at Nauvoo. Improvement laws repealed, after a debt of $15,000,000 was con tracted. 1841 Arrest of Joe Smith, and his release by Judge Douglas. Pirates of the Prairie before the law. The regulators administering law. 1842 Second arrest of Joe Smith and his escape. Adam W. Snyder nominated for Governor; died previous to election, when Thomas Ford was nominated to oppose Duncan. The Alormon war. Joe Smitli and Hiram Smith killed at Carthage. Fmcl of Nauvoo Mormonism, September, 1846. The action of the Gentiles narrow and unconstitutional. The Mormon exiles reached Salt Lake, July 21, 1847. Work on canal resumed by Illinois and Michigan Canal Company. 1846 Nine regiments (8,370 men) answered the call for troops to serve against Mexicans. Four regiments, or 3,720 men, accepted. Generals James Shields, Baker, Coffey, Harris, Hardin. Bissell, Houghton, McKee, are names identified with this state in the Mexican war. 1847 River and Harbor Convention at Chicago, July 5. State Constitutional Convention. CHRONOLOGY OF ILLINOIS. 37 1847 The Illinois Hospital for the Insane was established by the act of March 1, 1847. 1848 Opening of the Illinois and Michigan canal. 1850 The Galena railroad opened to Elgin. 1851 In 1851 the hospital buildings were commenced near Jacksonville. 1852-54 Railroad building era in the West. 1855 Chicago the focal point of 2,933 miles of railroad. 1858 The Chicago Eye and Ear Infirmary Association, in May. Was made a state institution in 1871. 1859 Selection of Lincoln's name for President at the Springfield caucus. 1860 Abraham Lincoln elected President. 1861 Ten thousand volunteers offered before April 24, and $1,000,000 tendered by patriotic citizens. Captain Stokes and 700 men, of the Seventh Illinois Infantry, took 10,000 stand of arms from St. Louis arsenal. 1862 State Constitutional Convention. 1865 The Asylum for Feeble-minded Children established by the act of February 15. First steel rail rolled in America at Chicago, May 25, 1865. Illinois was represented in her own regiments by 256,00.0 men, and in other states by about 30,000 men. Great State Fair at Chicago netted $250,000 for soldiers' aid and military purposes. 1867 The Illinois Industrial University at Urbana was chartered. 1869 The Norther.* Asylum for the Insane was established at Elgin. 1870 State Constitutional Convention 1871 Chicago destroyed by fire, October 9. The number of buildings burned was 17,450, and amount of direct loss, $190,000,000, of which $44,000,000 returned from insurance. State resumed control of Illinois and Michigan canal. The events since 1871 are of such a character as to come under the head of ordinary news. The return of the Illinois and Michigan canal into possession of the state, its cession by the state to the general gov eminent, and the redemption of the public debt, or state bonds, form the leading events. The great strikes of 1877, 1886, and the anarchist troubles at Chicago last year, while engaging much attention from the press, did not affect the course of business materially. Among the acts of the legislature, the most beneficent was that regulating regis tration and voting at Chicago. Though sectional in its direct influ ence, it forms the entering wedge for equal justice throughout the state. fe «* FAC SIMILE t>/ ' 'MslttCvg' o/./,..tf«j, c__> MISSISSIPPI _ GoiitpplioiL^ilinct; if BASS-IN OB LA FLOfUOE FLORID. DOCUMENTS AND BIOGRAPHY OF STARK COUNTY. CHAPTER I. TOPOGRAPHY AND NATURAL HISTORY. TARK COUNTY is bounded on the north by Henry and Bu reau counties, on the south by Peoria county, on the west by Henry and Knox counties and on the east by Bureau and Marshall counties. The area is 288 square miles or 184,320 acres, of which 182,659 acres were surveyed, and 180,125 acres assessed. The population in 1S80 was 11,207, increased in 1885 to over 12,000. Toulon, the seat of jus tice, is 14 miles from the southwest corner, 8-J miles from the northwest corner, 9-J from the extreme northwest cor ner, 20-J- from the northeast corner, 20 miles from the south east corner, and 8 miles from the south line, on the line of the R. I. & P. R. R. Wyoming, the leading commercial town, is equally outside the geographical center, but has the advantages of two railroads, the R. I. & P. and the C. B. & Q. branch between Buda and Rushville. Lafayette is situated near the western county line, and Bradford near the east line, each having railroad facilities. Duncan, Castle- ton and Lombardville are villages on the C. B. cfe Q., while Wady Petra and Stark are on the R. I. & P. R. R. The villages of Elmira, Osceola, Pleasant Green, Modena, Waldron, Camp Grove, Val ley, Slackwater, Starwano and West Jersey are without railroad facil ities. The surface of the county is undulating, except in the neighbor hood of Spoon river, where it is decidedly broken. Of the entire area, no less than 173,711 acres were under cultivation in 1885, and it may be said with truth that the total area offers one great fertile field of wealth to the cultivator. Along the streams and around old Osceola the primeval forest still stands, a reminder of the past. South of Toulon, too, the old, old woods continue sentinel, but throughout the county, the trees of fifty years ago have given place to ornamental groves of walnut, elm, maple, and, in a few instances, red and white pine. Osage orange hedges guard each field instead of the old rail fence ; large and elegant residences have taken the place of the 43 Missing Page Missing Page 44 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. pioneers' homes ; well-kept flower and vegetable gardens are common in the towns and villages, and are often seen in the country districts; while the mown lawn, always pleasing to the eye, greets the traveler in both town and country. Within fifty years this wilderness of waving prairie has been transformed into one of the most beautiful garden spots of Illinois. A few groves and the streams remain as landmarks of the olden time. » Rivers and Streams. Spoon river has its head waters in Neponsett township, Bureau county, where the stream known as "East Branch" rises, and in Kewanee township, Henry county, where the West branch has its source. The east fork enters Stank county in three divisions, so to speak, the central stream being known as Silver creek. The streams unite in section 10, Osceola, forming the East Branch. Hall creek flows into it in the northwestern quarter of section 22, and Cooper's Defeat creek in the northeastern quarter of section 31. A confluence with the West Branch is formed just north of the village of Modena in Tou lon township and thence to its estuary, the name Spoon river is ap plied. In Essex township it receives the united waters of two creeks, flowing westward, known as Mud Run and Camping Run and near the village of Slackwater receives the waters of West Indian creek. From this Spoon river flows through a tortuous channel to the parent Illi nois, which it enters at Point Isabelle, opposite Havana. In the days of the Indians it was known as " Feather River " or Maquon. Its present name is said to have been given by Dr. Davison, the hermit, on account of a bayou resembling a spoon in the formation of its shores near what is now the village of Waterford in Fulton county. Walnut creek has its source near Nekoma in Henry county, whence it flows southeast to West Jersey township, and thence to its confluence with Spoon river, just north of Rochester, Peoria county. To the char acter of the trees found along this stream is to be attributed its name. Camping Run rises in Marshall county, east of Camp Grove, and dates its name back to ante-railroad days, when prairie schooners anchored there, while their crews feasted round the camp fires. Indian creek rises just northeast of Galva, winds like a trail through Goshen, Toulon and Essex townships, and enters Spoon river in section 28, Essex. Prior to the negotiation' of the treaty of Chi cago, a few Pottawattomie and mongrel Indian lodges were scattered along its banks, owing to which fact the pioneers of the county gave it this name. This creek is not to be confounded with Indian creek, La Salle county, where the massacre of settlers, by the British Indians, took place in 1832. Cooper's Defeat creek may be called the east branch of the East Fork of Spoon river. It is a tributary of that stream, rising near Milo in Bureau county, and flowing east tlirough Osceola township, except for two miles where it wanders, as it were, through the northern sec tions of Penn township. The name is credited to a teamster of. the surveying party, who never failed before to drive his horses across or through a creek, until this point was reached, as related in sketch of Penn township. TOPOGRAPHY AND NATURAL HISTORY. 45 Muddy Run parallels Camping Run. It also rises in Marshall county, flows through the southern sections of Valley township and forms a confluence with Camping Run, near the moutli of that stream Jack creek is the name given to a small stream running eastward to Spoon river, which it enters in the northwest quarter of section 12, Toulon township. Fitch creek rises in Grove township, Knox county. Its various feeders flow generally eastward, forming the main stream near the west line of Goshen township, and watering the northwestern sections of that township. There are found in every division of the county numerous small streams, some of which flow from springs. As noticed in the history of the townships, many ponds or miniature lakes are found through out the count}'. Altitudes, soil and trees. — The altitudes are not very marked, yet it is stated that in the neighborhood of Lawn Ridge the highest elevation in the State is reached. At Bradford, too, a decided elevation occurs. Prof. E. W. Claypole's paper on Buffalo and Chicago, read some time ago before the American Association for the Advancement of Science, contained a suggestion which goes to show what narrow margins nature sometimes makes in her geographical and geological arrangements. It also shows what a narrow escape Chicago has had from a flood that would have revealed no friendly Ararat and that would have discouraged the most resolute of doves on its quest for terra-firma. The professor's statement in brief is that the great lakes are banked upon a table land about 600 feet above the sea, and that the drainage flows over the dam at Black Rock, the lowest point. Hence a dam twenty-five feet high across the river at Black Rock would be sufficient to throw the waters of the upper lakes into the Mississippi by the Illinois river. The professor complacently stated that the result of this would be to annihilate the St. Lawrence river, make Buffalo the head of navigation, and Chicago the outlet. In other words, the conditions of Chicago and Buffalo would have been reversed had the rim of the basin at Black Rock been originally a few feet higher. A large portion of the county is prairie, but on account of the numerous intersecting streams, the prairies usually contain but few square miles of area. There are, however, some large prairies in townships 12 and 13, range 7. The soil is a common dark-colored loam, and when properly drained and cultivated is everywhere pro ductive, except the " barrens," a small tract of sandy soil. The subsoil is usually a brown or yellow clay. The soil of the timber lands along the water-courses is usually of less depth and lighter in color. Along the water courses common oak, hickorj', ash, maple, black walnut, butternut, cottonwood, sycamore, coffee tree, buck-eye, box-elder, red bud, wild plum, cherry and crab apple trees abound. Economic Geology. — Let us fancy ourselves visiting Stark county, away back in the days when the foundations of the present coal beds were made. What do we behold ? An immense marsh stretching to the horizon — a wilderness of reeds and weeds, and mosses, inhabited, if we 46 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. may so speak, with amphibians, alive with ten thousand species of reptile ; but not a man in the whole great waste — not even a bird flew hither to look in upon the loathsome wilderness. How many years this stagnant sea required its drying process to continue cannot now be determined with certainty. There are at least five to eight feet of vegetable debris required to form one foot of coal, and since there are three feet, representing the seam in this county, it must have required twenty-four feet in depth of rich vegetable debris to form our present coal bed, and the subsequent growth or carriage hither of sufficient ' material to make that natural hydraulic press which pressed this coal into its shape and texture. Volumes might be written on the formation of our prairies, of our coal beds, of the great trains of sand and rock and forests which the drift brought hither to press down the original stagnant mass of vegetable matter, water and the animal life which they supported ; but where is the use of speculative writing ? Our reason points out one natural method by which our rich prairie soil and everything beneath it were formed, namely, an immense lake, gradually filling up of the same by sediment and shore growth, slow lifting up of lake bottom and annual deca}r of vegetable debris ; slower drainage and then the prairie. The quaternary divisions of the county are the alluvium and drift, the former comprising all the bottom lands or stream valleys from a few rods to 6,000 feet in width; the latter comprising a series of brown and blue clays with sand or gravel mixings with granite bowlders of ancient rock — the uplands. This drift varies in depth from twenty to sixty feet. Through this formation an abundant supply of good water is reached before the bed-rock is tapped. Throughout the county there is no exposure of rock other than the lower series of coal measures. Of this series No 7 shows on the north line of section 10, township 14, range 7, along the east branch of Spoon river. In this section the S. C. Francis shaft shows sixty-four and one- fourth feet. This was sunk in 1868, and from the record shows the following formation : Yellow clay, 2 feet ; red sand, 2 feet ; limestone (nodular), 2£ feet ; clay, light colored, 7 feet ; clay shale, 2 feet ; sandstone, 8 inches ; blue clay shale, 8 feet ; dark colored clay shale, 5f feet ; coal, 2 inches ; blue clay shale, 12 feet ; impure limestone, 3 inches ; clav shale, 8 feet ; impure limestone, 2 inches ; blue clay shale, 14. feet ; dark colored clay shale, 3 feet; coal, 2 feet, 7 inches; clay (penetrated), If .feet. In section 32, township 10, range 7, the exposure was worked. In section 21, township 14, range 7, series No. 6 is far below the surface without a sign of outcrop. In the southeastern part of section 3, township 14, range 16, No. 6 coal appears in the bluff of West Branch, along the creek to the southeastern corner of section 16. This series has been worked along the western plateau, where there are several outcrops above water level of over four feet in depth with a regular clay partition of two inches in thickness. In the southeastern part of section 3, township 14, range 6, No 6 coal appears on the bluff of West Branch. Along the creek to the TOPOGRAPHY AND NATURAL HISTORY'. 47 southeastern corner of section 16, this series has been worked along the western plateau, where there are several outcrops above water level of over four feet in depth with a regular clay partition of two inches in thickness. The mine of No. 6 series in township 14, range 7, section 28, on the east bank of the East Branch, presents a shaft of over ninety feet, of which eighty-nine and two-thirds feet present the following strata : Yellow clay, 3 feet; limestone, 4 feet ; light colored clay, 4+, feet ; light colored clay shale, 8-|feet ; limestone 2-J- feet ; clay shale, 10 feet ; coal, 2 inches ; soft black slate, 4 inches ; clay, 4^ feet; sandstone, 22^ feet ; clay shale, 6 feet ; limestone, 4 feet ; light colored clay shale, 6 feet ; green clay shale, 2-J- feet ; dark colored clay shale, 3 1-6 feet ; impure limestone, l'-J foot ; dark colored clay shale, 2£ feet ; coal vein, 3 to 6 feet, with a clay partition of 3 inches in depth. The slips or " horsebacks " peculiar here tend to retard miners' enterprise ; but with the coming of the coal cutter and other modern appliances this obstacle will vanish. In the northern portion of section 1, township 13, range 6, a few shafts have been made to the depth of several feet. Near Modena, at a depth of about thirty feet, a 1-foot vein was struck.. Westward, on section 4, the Jack creek beds have been worked, and in sections 2, 11, and 12, the out-crop appears in the banks eight to ten feet above water mark. Near the north line of section 14, Toulon township, about twelve feet above the water of a little rivulet, the following formation may be seen : Sandstone ; clay shale, 15 feet; impure limestone, clay shale, black slate, coal, average 3 feet ; clay partition, coal, \\ foot ; clay shale, partial outcrop of sandstone. The strata above the three feet vein of coal is replete in its deposit of imperfect fossils, such as the cardinia fragiUs,pleurotomaria grayvillensis, and fossils of fish. On the section coal and a strata somewhat similar to that given above, are outcropping. From section 10 along the courses of the river and tributary rivulets to sections 25 and 26, where the seam is over twenty feet above water-mark, the miner has left traces of his work, and backward from the stream on section 26, coal has been found at a depth of sixty-nine feet in solid strata, four to five feet in thickness, while just east the miners had to sink a shaft to a depth of ninety-six feet to reach the seam. In Essex township, section 23, the following strata appears in a shaft sunk a few years ago : Clay, 21 feet ; clay shale, 8 feet ; lime stone, 1 foot ; clay shale, interslated, If foot ; coal, 2-J- feet, with thin clay partition. Although this belongs to series No. 6, horsebacks or slips render mining for more than local use, unprofitable. A seam of series No. 2 coal is found on section 17, at the base of the bluffs of Indian creek, which was very little worked up to four years ago. In West Jersey township, on section 19, coal of the No. 4 Illinois series has been struck at a depth of fifteen feet. Here the vein is from four to six feet deep, underlaid by about ten inches of impure cannel coal, and this by a clay bed. Fish and plant fossils abound here, including one almost perfect form of the palaconiscus. The teeth and imperfect form of a diplodus have also been exhumed. The coal 48 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. obtained is very good. On section 17 a one and one-half foot vein of the No. 2 series was found at a depth of fiftv-nine feet. It lies in the bed of the creek, and is workable only at low water. On section No. 10, Toulon, a quarry yields abundantly of building stone of more than fair qualitj'. On AValnut creek, in West Jersey township, a quarry on section 20 produced a fair bard sandstone, very well adapted to builders' uses. The rock in sections 21 and 22, Osceola township, is a limestone six to twelve feet thick, of thin layers. This is an uneven, drab-colored, weather-proof stone, found in the first section, its lower strata resting thirty-nine feet above a two-inch coal seam and sixty-three feet above a two-feet seven inches vein of No. 7 series coal. As a stone for build ing purposes, or for lime for building purposes, it cannot be excelled. The sandstone measures of Elmira township are outcropping, and hiduen beds of this valuable rock abound. In section 16 is found a light-colored soft rock about twelve feet above a measure of No. 6 series coal. In Toulon township, section 14, the sandstone is below No. 6 series coal, but of a very superior quality, and approaching the Parma stone of Michigan in compactness. In Essex township, section 14, a sandstone quarry of the finest grade has been worked for some years, while that on section 17 (from which the stone was taken for building the first stone house in the neighborhood years ago) yields plenty of good material for ordinary buildings. Osceola, Elmira, Toulon, and AVest Jersey furnish the greater part of the coal supply ; Essex furnishes a little, and V alley less ; Penn and Goshen are reported non-productive in the matter of coal; but what future exploration may credit these townships with in this connection must be left to the future. The miners' estimate of coal deposits is 1,000.000 tons of coal to every section or square mile per foot of thickness of seam, which, it placed at an average of a three-feet seam, as in this county, would give 108,000,000 tons to each township, or 864,000,000 tons to the entire county of No. 6 series coal alone, exclusive of series Nos. 1, 2, 4 and 7, some of which have not yet been explored at all, and others only par tially. Allowing five tons per annum to each voter in the county in 1885, or 12,000 tons annually, there is a supply of No. 6 coal here to yield them fuel for 72,000 years. Archcjeology — The general prevalence in Illinois of the existence of ancient mounds has excited no inconsiderable interest in the minds of scientists since their discovery was first made. Nearly every county has these interesting vestiges of a numerous people long since' gone to rest, about whose history there pends a veil — an impenetrable mystery — of whom the later Indian tribes possessed neither knowledge, myth nor tradition. Those in Stark county are as numerous as elsewhere, for spear and arrow-heads, human bones, and sometimes pottery have been found here. They are so common as to excite little interest among those who have resided in the county for any length of time, and are driven over and plowed up as if but' a rise in the ground, not all that remains of the history of a past race. A piece of native copper was TOPOGRAPHY AND NATURAL HISTORY. 49 found in blue clay, twenty -five feet below the surface, on Samuel Sturm's farm, one mile south of Bradford. In other places several evidences of the drift, as well as of prehistoric settlements, have been unearthed. T. M. Shallenberger, now of Nebraska, W. H. Adams, of Rochester, Peoria county, and others, have given the study of archaeology some attention ; but their research in this county has been limited to surface, rather than excavatory work. Prior to the removal of the Indians, they visited all their old camp-grounds and villages, and leveled even with the ground all the little mounds denoting the graves of their dead. W. 11. Adams, in a paper addressed to the regents of the Smith sonian Institute, and published in 1885, on the mounds in the valley of Spoon river, says : " On the north side of Spoon river, seventy- five yards distant, eighty rods west of the east line, and twenty rods south of the north line of section 12, township 11 north. v*ange 43 east of the fourth principal meridian, is a- round mound about thirty feet in diameter, called by those in the neighborhood a "hogback." On the highest of this hogback, at the surface, is some evidence of fire. The evidences of a former fire increase very rapidly. At a depth of twelve to sixteen inches I found five skeletons, nearly all the bones of which were calcined by fire, and many of them entirely consumed. One of the skulls lay to the north, one to the northwest, one to the southwest, one to the south, and one to the northeast. With the bones were fragments of sandstone burned red. At or near each skull, and nearly on a line between the point of the shoulder and ear, was a water-worn pebble, except in one instance, and that was an angular piece of flint. The pebbles had not been acted upon by the fire, so that they evidently must have been placed there after the intense heat of the "fire had subsided. From the appearance of the earth one would be strongly inclined to believe that the fire in this instance had been one of unusual intensity. From the position of the skulls to each other, the feet of one body would reach to his neighbor's head, if laid at full length. One of the skulls was rather thinner than those we usually find in other mounds. Some of the teeth evidently be longed to a person of great age ; others of the teeth were very small, but I cannot say that they belonged to an infant. The skulls were in fragments, the largest piece obtained being about two inches square. On another hogback, east of the one described, commencing on sec tion 12, township 11, range 4 east, extending across the northwest cor ner of section 7, township 11, range 5, and also some distance on sec tion 6, township 11, are thirteen common round mounds, varying in height from eighteen inches to five feet. As far as examined these are burial mounds, and in one I found nineteen skeletons. This one was foity-five feet in diameter and five feet in height. The bones were in a fair state of preservation. I opened four or five of tlX group, a,nd in each wTere found pieces of trap rock from one and one- half to two inches square ; pieces of burned sand rock, small water- worn pebbles, and in the largest mound a very small fragment of red pottery." A stick of cedar was exhumed in March, 1862, and brought to 50 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Toulon by E. S. Kincade. It was found while digging a well in the eastern part of the county, twenty-eight feet below the surface. While placing a sewer across Main St., loulon, in June, 1884, one of the two trees, cut near the site of the court house, and placed there by Oliver Whitaker over forty years ago to bridge the slough, was unearthed. The piece taken out is about three feet in length. This was smoothed off and is held as a relic of the early years of the county. Storm, Flood and Drought. — The big snow of 1 830 will be vividly re membered by all the old settlers. The snow began falling on tb e night of the 29th of December, and continued to fall for three days and nights, until it reached an average depth of about four feet, but drifting in places as high as from eighteen to twenty feet. Great suffering was experienced in consequence. The settlers relied for their daily food upon Indian corn which they were enabled to raise, together with wild game which was abundant at that time. Plenty of the former' was raised to supply the wants of all until the next season's crop; but when the snow fell very little had been gathered. Game could not be had. The great depth of snow was a barrier to all travel, and it may be well imagined the sufferings of the people were very great indeed. This was the heavi est snow that ever fell in Illinois within the memory of the oldest settler of this part of the State. According to the traditions of the Indians, as related to the pioneers, a snow fell from fifty to seventy- five years before the settlement by the white people, which swept away the numerous herds of buffalo and elk that roamed over the vast prairies at that time. This tradition was verified by the large num ber of bones of these animals found in different localities on the prai ries when first visited by the whites. The deep snow is one of the landmarks of the pioneer. The cold winter of 1842-3, commenced on Nov. 7, 1842, and con tinued until May, 1843. This season of ice may be said to end the days of profitable hunting in Illinois. The storm of June, 1877, swept across West Jersey, Elmira, and parts of Goshen, blowing off house roofs and rooting up trees. The county is not in the storm trail. The greatest flood ever known in the county was that of February 16, 1883. As a general rule bridges were swept away, and in the wreck of the bridge on the Toulon and Wyoming road three men nearly lost their lives. In the spring of 1831 there was a great flood conse quent on the break of the "Big Snow," and in the fall of 1835 another flood. The drought of 1886 has no parallel m the history of the county. It was broken on August 12th, 13th, 14th and 15th. ' On the night of the 15th a rain and thunder storm swept over the county, but at nine o'clock the moon peered down from a bright blue sky, while a rainbow^ of peculiarly brilliant colors illumined the west. The average rainfall during the fifteen years, including 1875, for the months of April, May, June and July, was 15.69 inches, the minimum 8.59 (in 1884) and the maximum 22.16 inches (1883). For the corresponding period of 1886 the average was 4.82, or less than one-third of the average of the fif- TOPOGRAPHY AND NATURAL HISTORY. 51 teen years. The rainfall of July was only 1.5 inches, while the aver age for the same month during the fifteen years was 3.84 inches. Zoology. — Of the species of native animals that once roamed the flow ery prairies and wild forests of the county, but few of the smaller remain, and none of the larger. Of the latter we cannot even find a specimen preserved in taxidermy. The buffalo which grazed upon the verdant prairies has been driven westward. With or before it went the beaver, elk, badger, panther, black wolf and black bear. Some animals which were quite numerous have become very rare, such as the gray fox, the catamount, otter, lynx, coon, and the Virginia deer. There still remain many of the different species, mostly inhabiting the country adjacent to the Illinois and Spoon rivers and a few of the other larger streams. These are, however, fast disappearing, and be fore long will be known only in history, as are the deer, the beaver, and the bison. Among those still to be found here, as tramps, are the gray wolf, the opossum, raccoon, mink, muskrat, the common weasel, the small brown weasel, skunk, woodchuck, or Marjdand marmot, prairie mole, common shrew mole, meadow and deer mouse, and the gray rabbit. Of squirrels there are the gray timber squirrel, the fox, chipmunk, the large gray prairie squirrel, the striped and the spotted prairie squirrel, and the beautiful flying squirrel. The dark-brown and the reddish bat are common. Other small animals have been found here which have strayed from other localities. An American eagle, weighing eleven pounds and measuring seven feet from tip to tip of wings, was killed by Robert Church, in October, 1867, near Indian creek bridge, on the Toulon and Lafayette road. The birds common to Illinois find a home in this county, and between residents and visit ors, show themselves in multitudes. On December 18, 1884, a large wolf was killed by Jason Oziah, on the Nowlan farm, west of Toulon. On May 23, 1885, E. H. Bates, of Osceola, presented County Clerk \l alker with fourteen young wolf scalps, and received $24 bounty. In Spoon river and tributary streams the fisherman is sometimes rewarded for skill and patience ; but like the wild animals the fish have almost disappeared. CHAPTER II. INDIANS OF ILLINOIS. HE origin of the American Indian is a subject of deep inter est to the ethnologist, even as it is one of instruction and entertainment to the general reader. The era of their establishment as a distinct and insulated people must be cred ited to a period immediately subsequent to the division of the Asiatic people and the origin of languages. No doubt w" hatever can exist when the American Indians are regarded as of Asiatic origin. They are descended directly from the survivors of that people who, on being driven from their fair possessions, retired to the wilderness in sorrow, reared their children under the saddening influences of their unquenchable griefs, and, dying, bequeathed them only the habits of the wild, cloud-roofed homes of their exile. From that time forward the America Indian, as we know him, has existed. That there were a widely different people here is not disputed ; for there are existing numerous evidences of a civilization akin to that of the lumbering districts of the Canadas, Michigan and AVisconsin. The question of prehistoric settlements on the Pacific coast and the statement of the partial occupation of the Mississippi valley by Cau casians in the dim past, are points well sustained. M. L. Page du Pratz, a French savant, met, in his travels among the Natchez, the cel ebrated and aged Indian antiquarian, Moucacht Ape, who, in 1745 crossed the Mississippi and reached the Pacific by the Columbia river. Moucacht related, among other experiences that, after visiting many nations, he shortly came to the last, a people one day's journey from the Great AVater and about a league distant from the Beautiful river, who wt-re hiding themselves in the woods from white-bearded men who came every year in a bark for a. yellow, stinking wood, and to steal the young women for slaves. By this people the traveler was at once received as a chief by his own family, " because they thought with rea son that one who had seen white men and many nations should have more mind than one who had never been from home and had seen none but red men." These bearded disturbers of their peace, the natives further informed him, went always clothed, no matter how warm the weather; their weapons also made a great noise and sent forth fire, and they came from where the sun sets. Seeing that it was the yel low wood which seemed to bring them there, following the counsel of the old men, the people were fast destroying that odorous attrac tion, so that they hoped in time they should be no more molested. INDIANS OF ILLINOIS. 53 Exceedingly curious to see these white-bearded men who were neither English, French, nor Spanish, Moucacht Ape entered heartily into a plan to attack those who should next come. It was now about the time of their annual arrival. All the families in the vicinity of their landing-place had retired from the coast lest their young women should be captured. Our hero had smelt gunpowder and was not afraid. Leaving their camp, near the Beautiful river, the warriors journeyed five days to a point on the coast where were two great rocks, between which emptied into the sea a shallow stream on whose banks grew the yellow wood. It was between the two rocks that the foreigners ran their vessel when they came ashore. Seventeen days the warriors now waited the arrival of their prey. All had been arranged in council for the attack. Presently they espied the vessel in the distance, and hid ing themselves, they watched an opportunity four days more. At length two boats, containing thirty men, put off from the ship and entered the little stream between the rocks. When the strangers were well scattered gathering wood and taking in water, the natives fell upon them and killed eleven, the rest escaping. Having slaughtered the strangers like a savage, Moucacht Ape examined their dress and physique like a scientist. The bodies were thick, short and very white ; the head was heavy, the hair short, and instead of hats they were cloth wound round the head. The dress was neither of wool nor bark, but of a soft stuff like the old cotton shirts of Europeans. That which covered the leg and foot was of one piece. Only two of the dead had firearms, with powder and balls. Joining some northern natives, who had come to assist at the slaying of the strangers, Mou cacht Ape continued his journey along the coast until he reached their village, when the old men, of the place dissuaded him from proceeding farther, saying that the country beyond was cold, barren, and tenant- less. Therefore he returned to his own people by the route he went, having been absent on the western tour five years. Such is. one of the many stories related by old Indians of a past age and handed down to the present race of savages. The Illinois Indians were of the Algonquin family, and were divided into five tribes — the Peorias, Kaskaskias, Moingwenas, Kahokias, and Tamaroas. They had gained possession of their lands by subduing and driving away the Quapays, a Dakota tribe, and in 1640 they nearly exterminated the Winnebagos, after which time they held undisputed possession of the domains until 1656, when the Iroquois Indians began a long-continued war with them, which was soon followed by a hot contest with the Sioux tribe. The Illinois at this time formed one of the strongest Indian confederacies, and were expert bowmen, but not canoemen. They would move to the broad plains beyond the Missis sippi each year for a summer-hunt, and in the winter would spend four or five months on a southern chase — returning to rest at Kaskaskia, their beautiful city of arbor-like cabins, covered with double water proof mats. Each cabin, as a rule, would contain four fires, around each of which the families would gather. The population of their city in its best days was about 8,000 people. Although they were con stantly at war, and were greatly addicted to vice, they listened to the 4 54 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. earnest teachings of Marquette and other French missionaries, were finally converted, and were much improved in their conversion. The name of their chief was Chicago. Lie visited France in 1700, and was highly esteemed and entertained by the French Government officials. A little over two hundred years ago, in the summer of 1680, the Iro quois Indians made an attack upon the Kaskaskia and Peoria tribes of the Illinois confederation. They drove Lieut. Tonti, who was under the command of La Salle, from Creve Cceur Fort, near the outlet of the Peoria lake. The chief object of the Iroquois was to destroy the Illinois Indians and lay claim to their lands, as they had done to those belonging to many other tribes, always fighting their way and leaving their battle-fields — which extended from the Atlantic coast to the Wabash river, and from the Ohio river to and even north of the Great Lakes — strewn with their victims. It was with a great slaughter that they conquered the hitherto strong and important people, laid waste their great city of Kaskaskia, and drove them from their wigwams to wander in broken bands over their broad domain. Many of the Illinois were murdered and their homes burned to ashes, while as many as 900 were taken prisoners. The young corn in the field was cut down and burned ; the pits which contained the products of the previous year were opened and their contents scattered with wanton waste ; the graves had been robbed of their dead and the bodies dragged forth to be devoured by buzzards. In the center of all this devastation and ruin, the spoilers, says La Salle, had built for themselves a lodge, and covered it with human bones and the scalps of the Illinois. A few of the lodge-poles that had escaped the fire and remained standing, were adorned with human skulls, thus presenting a most frightful scene, with all these ghastly relics, where only a few days previous had stood the proud city of the Illinois, the largest* ever built by northern natives, its extent being over a mile square. It was a lovely place in the bosom of the beautiful valley, and was well chosen for a home. Just on the opposite side of the river stood the sandstone bluff, tall and stately, its summit overlooking the broad valley of many woodclad islands up and down the river, and the swift current of the water rushing along at its base as it had done for thousands of years gone by. Well had the Illinois looked on this majestic rock as a fit place of refuge in case of danger. But little did they think that it would remain after them as a monument of their last battle, and that it should be the scene of the final extermination of their proud and powerful people. From this great battle the Illinois never fully recovered. They were constantly at war with the Iroquois and Sioux, and later with the Pottawatomies. The allies of Pontiac, the Ottawa chief, after the assassination of that chieftain by the hands of the Illinois, nearly exterminated the latter — a part of them taking refuge on the sandstone bluff. When first visited by the whites, the Pottawatomie confederation nAnbered nearly 12,000 souls, and were divided into five tribes; in 1850 only eighty-four of them remained. In the winter of 1680-81, being the next winter after the destruc tion of the city of Kaskaskia, La Salle formed a plan of a colony on the sandstone bluff. The design was to include French and Indians of INDIANS OF ILLINOIS. 55 various tribes as a protective coalition against the dreaded Iroquois. This colony was left in charge of Lieut. Tonti. La Salle made a trip down the Mississippi river, and, when he reached its mouth, on the 6th day of April, 1682, he took formal possession of all land drained by the great river in the name of his sovereign, Louis XIV. of France, and called the new acquisition Louisiana. After his return up the river he and his lieutenant, Tonti, began, in December, 1682, the work of clearing off the top of the sandstone bluff to build a fort, which was afterward called Fort St. Louis. The weather was. bitter cold, and the wind blew terrifically ; but they worked steadily on, and soon had completed a number of storehouses and dwellings, all of which were inclosed in a stockade. On the bottoms around the rock were domiciled 20,000 Iroquois souls, 4,000 of whom were warriors. In March, 1684, the Iroquois attacked this rocky citadel ; but, after a six days' fight, withdrew, taking with them a few prisoners, who after ward made their escape. Tonti commanded Fort St. Louis, upon the rock, until 1702, when, it is said, he was forcibly displaced from the command on account of some alleged irregularity ; after which he wandered through the Southern wilds until 1748, when, shattered in health, he returned to the scene of his former glory — dying in the fort the following spring, and being buried on the west side of the rock. It has been stated that, after his death, the Frenchmen in control of the fort treated the Indian maidens so scurvily that their fathers and brothers destroyed the fort and drove away the Frenchmen. Charle voix says that in 1721 he saw palisades upon the rock, which he sup posed were built by the Illinois ; but no authentic account is given of the rock being used as a fort other than from 1682 to 1719, previous to the last battle of the Illinois, at which time it was merely used as a place of refuge, and not of fortification. Patrick Kennedy, who made a voyage up the Illinois river in 1773, speaks of the French as residing on an island at Joliet, and of their making salt from the salt ponds on the south bank of the Illinois river opposite Buffalo Rock, which is about three miles above the sandstone bluff. A few of the principal actors in the Black Hawk war of 1832 were considered by the whites to be of French and Indian ancestry; and there are families living yet in the Illinois valley that trace their lineage as far back as to the days of Tonti. The earliest accounts I find of the Pottawatomie Indians south of Lake Michigan is in 1674, when Marquette met them on his return with La Salle from the Mississippi, on a part of which journey he was attended by a band of Illinois and also a band of Pottawatomie Indians. So far as I can learn, they were the first of the tribe who ever saw the country south of Lake Michigan, as their former home was about Green Bay. In the following year, 1675, Marquette, after spending the winter at Chicago, established at Kaskaskia on Easter Sunday, his mission, which was called by its zealous founder, " The Immaculate Conception." This mission was continued here until 1690, when it was moved to Southern Kaskaskia, on the Kaskaskia river, which empties into the Mississippi river in St. Clair county. From 1675 it is probable that the Pottawatomies emigrated very 56 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. fast from their old home on Green Bay into the more hospitable regions south of Lake Michigan. As they were found in their southern homes in different bands and under different names and leaders, the prob abilities are that they left in parties. The number of the Pottawato mies is hard to determine ; but as near as I can discover there must have been 1,800 of them at the time of the assembly of the Algonquin Confed eration at Niagara in 1783, when there were 450 Pottawatomie warriors present. The fraternal relations existing between the Potta watomies and Ottawas were of the most harmonious character ; they lived almost as one people, and were joint owners in their hunting grounds. Their relations were scarcely less intimate and friendly with the different bands of the Sioux tribe. Nor were the Chippewas more strangers to the Pottawatomies and Ottawas than the latter were to each other ; they claimed an interest in the lands occupied to a certain extent by all jointly, so that all three tribes joined in the joint treaty for the first sale of their lands ever made to the United States, which was made in Chicago in 1821, when the tribes named, except the Sioux, ceded to the United States 5,000,000 acres in Michigan. Northern Illinois was particularly the possession of the Pottawatomies ; but, as before stated, it is impossible to fix the time when they first settled here. They undoubtedly came by degrees, and by degrees established themselves, encroaching at first upon the Illinois tribe, advancing more and more, sometimes by good-natured tolerance and sometimes by actual violence. But they did not come into exclusive possession here until the final extermination of the Illinois tribes, which must have been some time between 1766 and 1770, when all but eleven were destroyed in the siege of " Starved Rock." The only authentic account of this great tragedy that is obtainable is from Meacheile, an old Pottawatomie chief, through Judge J. D. Caton, who was an intimate acquaintance of the chief. Meacheile associated his earliest recollec tions with their occupancy of the country. He remembered well the battle of "Starved Rock," and the final extinction of the Illinois tribe of Indians. He was present at the siege and final catastrophe ; and although but a boy at the time, and used to the war and bloodshed that were continually going on between the tribes, the terrible event made such a strong impression upon his young mind that it ever remained fresh and vivid. The cause of the dreadful destruction of the Illinois tribe is attributed to the death of Pontiac, the great Ottawa chief, which occurred in 1766. He was the idol of his people, and was beloved and obeyed scarcely less by the Pottawatomies. They believed the Illinois Indians were at least accessory to his murder and so held them respon sible; consequently the Ottawas and Pottawatomies in connection with the Chippewas, United all of their forces in an attack upon those whose deadly enemies they had now become. The Illinois Indians had never fully recovered from the great catastrophe they had suffered nearly a century before at the hands of the terrible Iroquois. Their spirit and their courage seemed broken, and they submitted to encroachments from the north by their more enterprising neighbors — with an ill-will, no doubt, but * without pro INDIANS OF ILLINOIS. 57 tecting their rights by force of arms, as they would have done in for mer times — and sought to revenge themselves upon those whom they regarded as their actual enemies, in an underhanded and treacherous way. In the war thus waged by the allies against the Illinois the latter suffered disaster after disaster, till the sole remnant of that once proud nation, whose name had been mentioned with respect from Lake Supe rior to the mouth of the Ohio, and from the Mississippi to the Wabash river, now found sufficient space upon the half acre of ground which crowns the summit of " Starved Rock." As the sides are perpendicular, except on the southeast, where one may ascend with difficulty by means of a sort of natural stairway, and where some of the steps are onky a few inches wide and as much as three feet in height, not more than two persons can ascend abreast, and ten men could easily repel ten thousand with the means of warfare then at their command. Of late, as was probably the case when Lieut. Tonti commanded Fort St. Louis upon the rock, a broad stairway has been erected over the worst places, so that it may be easily ascended by tourists. The length of time that the Illinois were confined upon the rock it is hard to determine ; but it is easy to imagine that they had not pre pared provisions enough for a very extended encampment, and that their enemies depended upon their lack of the same, which we can read ily appreciate must occur soon to a savage people who rarely antici pate the future by storing up supplies. On the north or river side the upper rock overhangs the water somewhat, and tradition tells us how the confederates placed themselves in canoes under the cornice-like rocks, and cut the thongs of the besieged when they lowered their ves sels to obtain water from the river, and so reduced them by thirst as well as by starvation. At last the time came when the unfortunate remnant of the once honored Illinois Nation could hold out no longer, and they awaited but a favorable opportunity to attempt their escape. This was at last afforded by a dark and stormy night, when, led by their few remaining warriors, all stole in profound silence down the steep and narrow declivity, to be met by a solid wall of their enemies. The horrible scene that then ensued is easier to imagine than to describe. No quarter was asked and none was given. For a time the howling of the tempest was drowned by the yells of the combatants and the shrieks of their dying victims. It is difficult to judge of the number of the Illinois that were quartered upon the rock. During this awful battle the braves fell one by one, fighting like very fiends ; and fearfully did they avenge themselves upon their enemies. The few women and children, whom famine had left but enfeebled skel etons, fell easy victims to the war clubs of the terrible savages, who deemed it almost as much a glory to slaughter the emaciated women and helpless children as to strike down the men who were able to make resistance with arms in their, hands. They were bent upon the utter extermination of their hated enemies, and most successfully did they bend their savage energies to the bloody task. Soon the victims were stretched upon the sloping ground south and west of the rock ; there their bodies lay stark upon the sand which had 58 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. been thrown up by the wild prairie-winds. The wails of the feeble and the shouts of the strong had ceased to fret the air, and the night- wind's mournful sighs through the neighboring pines sounded like a requiem, the flash of the lightning in the dark and clouded sky lit up the awful scene like tall funeral tapers. Here was enacted the fitting finale to the work of death which had been commenced by the de struction of the city of Kaskaskia — scarcely a mile away on the oppo site side of the river — nearly a century before by the still more sav age and terrible Iroquois. Yet all were not destroyed, for, in the dark ness and confusion of the fight, eleven of the most athletic warriors broke through the besieging lines. From their high perch on the iso lated rock they had marked wTell the little nook below into whiph their enemies had moored at least a part of their canoes, and to these they rushed with headlong speed, unnoticed by their foes. They threw themselves into the boats, and rowed hurriedly down the rapids below. They had been trained to the use of the paddle and the canoe, and knew every intricacy of the channel, so that they could safely navigate it even in the dark and boisterous night. They knew their deadly enemies would soon be in their wake, and there was no safe refuge for them short of St. Louis. They had undoubtedly been with out food for many days, and had no provisions with them to sustain their waning strength ; and yet it was certain death to stop by the way. Their only hope was in pressing forward by night and by day, without a moment's pause — scarcely looking back, yet ever fearing that their pursuers would make their appearance from around the point they had last left behind them. If they could reach St. Louis, there they would be safe ; if overtaken they would perish, as had the rest of their tribe. It was truly a race for life, and, as life is sweeter than revenge, we may safely presume that the pursued were impelled to greater exertions than the pursuers. Until the morning light revealed that their canoes were gone the confederates believed that their sanguinary work had been so thor oughly done that not a living soul of the Illinois people remained. But as soon as the escape was discovered a hot pursuit was commenced. But those who ran for life won the race. They reached St. Louis before their enemies came in sight, and told their appalling tale to the commandant of the fort, from whom they received protection and a generous supply of food, which their famished condition so much re quired. This had barely been done when their enemies appeared and fiercely demanded their victims, that no drop of human blood might longer circulate in the veins of their hated enemies. This was rer fused, and they retired with threats of future vengeance upon the fort — which, however, they never had the means of executing. After their enemies had gone, the Illinois, who never afterwards claimed that name, thanked their white friends for their kind enter tainment, and, full of sorrow that words cannot express, they slowly paddled their way across the river to seek a new home and new friends among the tribes who then occupied the southern part of Illinois, and who listened to their sad story with sympathy and kindness. This is the last that we really know of the last of the Illinois. We do not INDIANS OF ILLINOIS. 59 know that a drop of their blood now animates a human being; but their name is perpetuated in this great state, of whose record in the past all are so proud, and as to whose future the hopes of all are so sanguine. Proclamations affecting the Indian tribes here were issued as early as 1764, land sales registered as early as 1773, and the regulation Indian treaties in 1795. On December 30, 1764, General Thomas Gage issued his proclama tion respecting lands in Illinois. It provided liberty for the Catholic religion, for the removal of the French inhabitants should they not desire to become subjects of the British, etc., etc., and other stipula tions entirely foreign to the spirit of the British. In 1773 the Indian deeds to the Illinois company were made. The tracts deeded to the Illinois company included lands along the Illinois river to Chicago, or Garlick creek, and thence fifty leagues north to the battle-ground of the Pewaria and Renard Indians in 1727. By the treaty of Greenville, 1795, 640 acres where Chicago now stands, 1,280 acres at the mouth of the Illinois, 640 acres at the old Piorias village, near the south end of Illinois lake, were reserved to the savages concerned in that treaty. On August 13, 1803, the United States negotiated a treaty with the Kaskaskia Indians, at Vincennes, with the remnant of several Illinois tribes then grouped under the name of Kaskaskias. By this treaty all their lands were ceded except 350 acres near the town (which was secured to them by Congress in 1791), and also 1,280 acres, to be selected by them. The annuity promised was $1,000, or $500 more than allowed in the Greenville treaty of 1795 ; $100 per annum toward the support of a priest who would also act as school teacher ; $300 toward the erection of a church, and $580 to pay off their debts. This cession comprised all lands from the mouth of the Ohio to twelve miles below the mouth of the Wabash, to the ridge between the head waters of the Wabash and Kaskaskia and along this ridge until it reaches the waters flowing into the Illinois, to the mouth of that river, and thence down the Mississippi to the Ohio. The treaty of St. Louis between the United States and the Sacs and Foxes made November 3, 1804, provided for the cession of all the country bounded by the Mississippi, Wisconsin, Fox and Illinois rivers, on condition of the first party paying in goods $2,234.50, and an annuity of $600 to the Sacs and $400 to the Foxes. It was also stipu lated that their wars with the Great and Little Osages should forever cease, and that amity should forever exist between the first and second parties. The chiefs signing were Layauvois, Pashepahoe or The Giger, Quashquame or Jumping Fish, Outchequaha or Sun Fish, Hahshe- quaxhiqua or the Bear. The witnesses were Pierre Choteau, Aug. Choteau, Charles Gratiot, John Griffin, Wm. Prince, secretary to General Harrison, who signed for the United States. The treaty of Portage des Sioux, of September 14, 1815, was signed by Black Hawk, May 13, 1816, at St. Louis. It was simply a renewal of the treaty of 1804, and the chief declared he was wheedled into signing it. 60 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. At the Council of Chicago, held August 17, 1821, General Louis Cass defined the Pottawatomie country as extending along both sides of the Illinois river and all its tributaries and along the western shore of Lake Michigan to Green Bay, with other possessions south of Lake Erie. This treaty was concluded after much delay and five millions acres of land became the property of the United States. The last treaty with the PottaAvatomies prior to their removal was made at Chicago, September 26, 1833. At this treaty the Indians were actu ally made drunk, and signed away their possessions in this condition. In 1835 they received their last annuity in Illinois, and shortly after were removed to Northwestern Missouri. In 1831 a missionary, Rev. Jesse Hale, was sent into the military tract to labor among the Indians. Louis Bailey was his interpreter. Hale delivered his sermon all right ; so did Bailey interpret it correctly. Shaubena then said : " To what white preacher say, I say, maybe so ! Are all white men good % I say, maybe so. Do white men cheat Indian? I say, maybe so. Governor Cole gave me, Shaubena, hunt ing grounds and told me to hunt. Your big White-sides (Gen. White side) come along and tell Shaubena pucJc-a-c/iee (clear out)." Having said this he tore and tramped upon Governor Cole's agreement with him. Hale adopted conciliatory measures, and stated : " Whiteside is a bad white man." Shaubena replied : " If white man steal Indian's land, hang him ! " This last sentence settled Hale's life among the tribes. Running toward Hennepin, he arrived there safe, continued his return trip east, and Shaubena never heard of him again. In early years it was the custom of the Indians to spend a part of the year along the streams in this part of Putnam county. Indeed they were known to visit Harris W. Miner's cabin in herds, stay several days, complete a series of trades, and purchase meal. He remembers seeing the chief rolled in his blanket, sleeping or loafing for days, while the young men of the band were engaged in foraging or hunting. In 1830 the band moved from AValnut to Indian creek, and for a short time made what is now Stark county their main hunting ground. The Ottawa chief, Pontiac, and the remnant of his tribe, who, after the Franco-British war, selected the country in the vicinity of Wil mington for his principal village, and there located in 1764-5. In 1769, he was killed by a chief of the Illinois, Kineboo, during the council of Joliet Mound, held that year. In this Indian village, the first full- blood Indian friend of the whites, Shabbonee, was born about 1776. Although an Ottawa, he married a daughter of the Pottawatomie chief, Spotka, at the mouth of Fox river. At that village he was declared chief of the Pottawatomies, and shortly after removed the tribe to the head of Big Indian creek, in DeKalb county. In 1807 he visited Tecumseh. which visit was returned in 1810. In 1811 he was present at the council of Vincennes, presided over by General Harri son. In 1812, the couriers of Tecumseh arrived in Illinois, offering largesses to the tribes who would aid the British against the United States. Shabbonee resisted the offer until the fall of 1812, when he and twenty-two of his warriors left to aid Tecumseh. He was present INDIANS OK ILLINOIS. 63 \ at the battle of the Thames, in Canada, as was also Billy Caldwell or StuiyttniixJi. During the Winnebago and Black Ilawk war. he rendered incalculable good to the settlers, and died regretted in Grundy county, July 17, 1859. His wife, Pokanoka, was drowned in Mazon creek, Grundy county, November 30, 1864. It is related that in 1832 he visited this part of the military tract, warning the people to leave. Acting on this information, John Essex, David Cooper, Thomas Essex, Sr., and Thomas, Jr., with their families set out for the fort near Pekin, but all returned to their pioneer homes with the exception of Thomas Essex, -lr., who settled near Peoria. It is related that one of the primary causes of the Black Hawk war was from an incident that happened in Liverpool township, Fulton county. Joseph Farris, Asa Smith, and Bird Ellis, while out hunting, espied a young Indian, caught him, cut switches and whipped him with them, lie attempted to escape and while doing so one of the ' party struck him on the head with a gun, and they left him near the Indian camp. lie recovered so as to get to his friends, but died just as they arrived at Peoria, where they had carried him on a litter. The immediate cause of the Indian outbreak in 1830 was the occu pation of Black Hawk's village, on the Rock river, by the whites, during the absence of the chief and his braves on a hunting expedition, on the west side of the Mississippi. AVhen they returned, they found their wigwams occupied by white families, and their own women and children were shelterless on the banks of the river. The Indians were indignant, and determined to repossess their village at all hazards, and early in the spring of 1831 recrossed the Mississippi and menacingly took possession of their own cornfields and cabins. It may be well to remark here that it was expressly stipulated in the treaty of 1804, to which they attributed all their troubles, that the Indians should not be obliged to leave their lands until they were sold by the United States, and it does not appear that they occupied any lands other than those owned by the government. If this was true, the Indians had good cause for' indignation and complaint. But the whites, driven out in turn by the returning Indians, became so clamorous against what they termed the encroachments of the natives, that Governor Reynolds, of Illinois, ordered General Gaines to Rock Island with a military force to drive the Indians again from their homes to the west side of the Mississippi. Black Ilawk says he did not intend to be provoked into war by anything less than the blood of some of his own people; in other "words, that there would be no war unless it should be commenced bv the pale faces. But it was said, and probably thought by the mili tary commanders along the frontier, that the Indians intended to unite in a general war against the whites, from Rock river to the Mexican borders. But it does not appear that the hardy frontiersmen them selves had *anv fears, for their experience had been that, when well treated, their Indian neighbors were not dangerous. Black Hawk and his band had done no more than to attempt to repossess the old homes of which thev had been deprived in their absence. No blood had been shed. Black Hawk and his chiefs sent a flag of truce, and a new treaty was made, bv which Black Hawk and his band agreed to remain for- 64 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. ever on the Iowa side and never recross the river without the per mission of the President or the Governor of Illinois. Whether the Indians clearly understood the terms of this treaty is uncertain. As was usual, the Indian traders had dictated terms on their behalf, and they had received a large amount of provisions, etc., from the govern ment, but it may well be doubted whether the Indians comprehended that they could never revisit the graves of their fathers without violat ing their treaty. They undoubtedly thought that they had agreed never to recross the Mississippi with hostile intent. However this may be, on the 6th clay of April, 1832, Black Hawk and his entire band, with their women and children, again recrossed the Mississippi in plain view of the garrison of Fort Armstrong, and went up Rock river. Although this act was construed into an act of hostility by the military author ities, who declared that Black Hawk intended to recover his village, or the site where it stood, by force ; but it does not appear that he made any such attempt, nor did his appearance create any special alarm among the settlers. They knew that the Indians never went on the war path encumbered with the old men, their women and their chil dren. The war commenced, however, and among the enemies of the Hawk, there were none more pronounced than the earty settlers of Spoon river precinct, as shown in the military history. CHAPTER III. EXPLORATION AND OCCUPATION. HEN the illustrious Marquette was on his return voyage up the Illinois river, it is related that he met many of the orig inal Indian occupiers of the valley, just returned from their trans-Mississippi exile, to which the Iroquois had driven them. When La Salle came here over two hundred years ago, he found the Peorias in full possession of the country, with their principal town at the outlet of the lake. There a great trading post was founded by the French, and continued down to the war of 1812. At this time Governor Edwards ordered the destruction of the seventy dwellings constituting the town and the banishment of the inhabitants, owing to their known sympathy with the British. In 1814 fFort Clark was constructed, then deserted, and four years later Abner Eads and Josiah Fulton settled there as the first white American pioneers. This was the actual beginning of i settlement on the military tract in April, 1819, by the advance guard of the " Shoal Creek Colony." Harvey L. Ross, in his youthful days, was fond of hunting and trading with the Indians. When but seven years of age he had killed wild turkeys, geese, and small game of almost every kind, and at twelve thought nothing of killing a deer. He says he also remembers catching twelve wolves in less than a month in steel traps placed near a dead norse. He relates some incidents of the first trading expedition in which he was engaged, which occurred in 1828. He started from Lewistown in company with Edward Plude, a Frenchman and Indian interpreter, and "Bill" Eveland, son of John Eveland. Eveland was a large, powerful man, well acquainted with the country and familiar with the Indian character. They loaded a two-horse wagon at Lewis- town with goods and traveled through what is now known as Knox, Stark and Peoria counties, where they found a large number of Indians and traded their goods to advantage. They returned home with their wagon loaded with furs and deer skins. They were gone three weeks and had traveled about one hundred and fifty miles, meeting only with two white settlers after leaving the neighborhood of Canton. Among the men who came about this time was Isaac B. Essex, who was appointed Indian teacher by Jesse Walker, the first Methodist preacher in the State. Although the school was for the benefit of the Indians, white children, what few there were, were permitted to attend. The names of the white scholars, as far as remembered by Captain Haacke, were Lawson Holland, N. Smith, Sally Eads, J. Sharp, J. and 65 6(^ HISTORY' OF STARK COUNTY. Robert Latham, D. Avery, Andrew Avery, John and James Dixon, William, M. C, and Warren Bogardus. Essex taught several terms and then moved to a claim a little below Rock Island. His claim was made on the top of a bluff overlooking the Mississippi river, where he attempted to build a city, which he called Quebec. But the attempt failed, and Quebec was lost. In later years he returned to Peoria, and in the fall of 1828 visited this county, staked his claim on the northeast quarter of section 15, Essex township, prepared the logs and siding for his future house, and, returning to " Shoal creek," remained there until April, 1829, when he set out to settle finally in the wilderness. With him were his wife and children, and accompanying him from Prince's Grove were Daniel Prince, Frank Thomas, Stephen French, Simon Reed, and Revs. Silliman and Allen, Baptist preachers. They formed the " Building Bee," who raised the first cabin in Stark county within twenty-four hours after arriving on the spot, where the first settler had prepared the lumber a few months before. Following the Essex family came John B. Dodge, a son-in-law of Benjamin Smith, and a relative of Elder Silliman. He built his cabin on section 14, near the Essex cabin, and took all the parts credited to him in other chapters, until killed at Rock Island by a desperado from Kentucky. In March, 1830, Squire Benjamin Smith, William P. Sewell, and Greenleaf Smith arrived and erected the third building in the county, near that of Dodge, who left his cabin to John E. Owings in 1881. William D. Grant built a shanty on what was known as " The James Holgate Farm," in 1831, and in this year also came Thomas and Eliza beth Essex, parents of the pioneer settler, with their children, Thomas, David, William, and Joseph Essex, and Mrs. Cooper with her husband David. Harris W. Miner, mentioned at the beginning of the marriage record, Peter Miner, and Sylvanus Moore, named in the military, or ganic, legal and political chapters, and the quiet David Gregory, were all here. In 1832 Major McClenahan came to Spoon river early in the spring, with nine of his children. He took possession of Peter Miner's cabin near Wyoming, and resided there for a few months until the first im provements were completed in Goshen township, known as the " Mc Clenahan Settlement." The male adults of the family then were Elijah, Elijah, Jr., James and Robert. Within this and the succeeding two years came James Holgate, Miss Marsh, Thomas Winn, Hugh White, Lewis Sturms, Minott Silliman, John Love, James Morrow, John P. Hayes, Jesse Heath, John McClure, Jason Hopkins, Hugh Montgomery, Elias Love, Thorn. Leeks, A. Baker, Pardon B. Dodge, and Henry and Samuel Seeley, some of whom brought large families. Henry McClenahan came late in 1834, and the next year, Thomas Bradford and Geo. Parker. In December, 1835, a party arrived at Osceola Grove under the lead ership of Major Robert Moore. This party comprised the leader, with James Buswell, Isaac Spencer, Thomas Wratts, Giles C. Dana, Peter Pratt, and Dr. Pratt, but all did not settle permanently there. In June, 1S36, came William Hall, Mrs. William Hall, Robert and Mary Hall, Archibald Vandyke and wife, Charles Vandyke, Myrtle G. Brace Brady EXPLORATION AND OCCUPATION. 67 Fowler, E. S. Brodhead, John Davis family, Henderson family, Thomas family, William Mahany, William Godley, the Dorrance family, Will iam and Henry Dunbar, David and George Simmerman, Moffetts, Hodgesons, Dunns, Wyckoffs, Websters, Emerys, Chatfields, Trickles, Eckleys, Likes or Lakes, Barnetts, and Jacob Smith, Henry Butler, Jar- ville Chaffee, W. E. Buckingham (called by General Thomas the " Buke of Duckingham " ), Simeon Ellis, Dexter Wall, Ira and Cyril Ward, S. G. AVorley, William Ogle, Adam Day, Henry Sweet, Asher W. Smith, Lewis and Chris. Sammis, Ephraim Barrett, William Bowen, Adam Perry, Eliphalet Ellzworth or Ellsworth, Samuel Love, Peter Sharer, L. Townsend, Henry Breese, Samuel Butler, Llenry Sweet, Hugh Frail, Joseph Newton, Israel Seeley, Daniel Dobbins, and Henry and Matthias Sturms. All may be said to be here prior to the close of the year 1836, with others younger and less prominent, whose names appear in other chapters. Prom the beginning of 1837 to the spring of 1839 many others joined the settlers here, completing the pioneer circle, and ready to accept the responsibility of the local government granted to them in the latter year. The following copy of the original assessment roll almost covers the whole list of the pioneers of Stark county : The assessment of 1839, for the first district of the new county, was made by Isaac Spencer. In the following list the names of own ers and values of personal properties are given, the figures denoting dollars : Avery, Zebulon, 344; Avery, Joseph, 600; Bayard, Ephraim, 164; Buswell, James, 304; Brace, Myrtle, 343; Currier, Asa, 229; Currier, David, 73; Carter, Timothy, 389; Dukes, Martin, 228; Davis, John, 364; Ferris, Sylvanus, 55; Fowler, Brady, 144; Gruthage, Thomas, 60; Greenfield, Charles, 123 ; Gray, Sarah, 100 ; Hall, Robert, 469 ; Hall, Thomas, 150 ; Hall, Langley, 43 ; Hall, William, 296 ; Harvey, Aaron, 311 ; Hamilton, John, 15 ; Lyle, John and Thomas, 736 ; Lyle, William, 152 ; Leeson, John, 460 ; Moore, James M., 216 ; Moore, William, 310 ; Moore, Robert, 229 ; Orsman, Morris, 30 ; Orsman, Bennett, 40 ; Oliver, Thomas, 273 ; Parks, William, 366 ; Pratt, Peter, 106 ; Ricker, Benja min, 342 ; Sweet, Henry, 118 ; Sturm, Henry S., 340; Sturm, Samuel, 97 ; Sturm, Matthew, Jr., 97 ; Sturm, Nicholas, 295 ; Seeley, Israel, 59 ; Seeley, Henry, 327; Smith, Asher, 196; Sturm, Matthias, 257 ; Stone, Liberty, 112 ; Spencer, Isaac, 347 ; Sharer, Robert, 125 ; Turnbull, Robert, 155 ; Turnbull, John, 203 ; Van Dyke, Arch, 113 ; Whitaker, Oliver, 333 ; Winslow, Calvin, 312 ; Woodard, Daniel, 151 ; Woodard, Smith, 125 ; Winters, Jolm, 265 ; White, Hugh. 60 ; White, Henry, 84 ; Whitcher tte Vance, 135; Woodard, Alfred, 117 ; the total valuation being $3,094. The list of personal property in district No. 2, in the county of Stark, with the names of the owners and value of the personal property, assessed by John W. Agard, for the year 1839, is as follows, the figures denote value in dollars : John W. Agard, 305 ; Moses Boardman, 710; Thomas Bradford, 115; Henry Breeze, 197; Henry Butler, 682; George Cargill, 375 ; Samuel Camp, 40 ; Lewis Davenport, 100 ; Lemuel S. Dorrance, 610 ; William W. Drummond, SS ; Eliphalet Ellsworth, 3_9 ; Chauncy Fiellen, 306; Jesse W. Heath, 125; James Holgate, 775 ; Moses Jordan, 100 ; Samuel Love, 224 ; Elijah McClena- 6S HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. han, 444 ; Nehemiah Merritt, 310 ; Sylvanus Moore, 359 ; Benjamin Newton, 120 ; Benjamin Newton, Jr., 45 ; Joseph Newton, 257 ; George Parker, 25 ; Virgil Pike, 149 ; Christopher Samas, 4,110 ; Samuel Seely, 345; Peter Shafer, 104; Whitney Smith, 653; Benjamin Smith, 306; Sewell Smith, 148; Greenleaf Smith, 475; John Spencer, 236 ; Samuel Thomas, 1,159 ; Leman Thurston, 123 ; Thomas Timmons, 170 ; Horace Vail, 261 ; Dexter Hall, 274 ; John A. Williams, 75 ; Thomas, Winn, 357 ; the total valuation being $15,916. The real estate in district No. 2 was also assessed by John W. Agard at $14,880. The names of the greater number of actual settlers are given in the list of original entries. The assessment of Massilon precinct or district No. 3 was made in 1839 by J. II. Barnett. In the following list the names of owners and values of personal property are given : Arnold, Philander, 184 ; Brown, John, 278 ; Burfield, Benjamin, 243 ; Burfield, Carson, 106 ; Burfield, John, 75 ; Barnett, Ephraim, 755 ; Barnett, James H., 104 ; Clark, Thomas S., 280 ; Coldwell, Washington, 225 ; Coldwell, Thomas, 271 ; Coldwell, Presley, 135 ; Coldwell, Henry, 141 ; Cooley, Abraham, 442 ; Cox, Nathan, 308 ; Drummond, Benjamin, 419 ; Drummond, Zorih, 152; Davis, Daniel, 190; Dunn, Augustus A., 230; Eckley, George,1 352 ; Emery, Fred W., 250 ; Finch, Lewis, 216 ; Finley, John, 299 ; Greenlee, Allen, 143 ; Greenfield, Bethnel, 75 ; D. and C. Gingrich, 326 ; Hanna, Robert, 250 ; Janez, Michel, 218 ; Moler, John, who moved to Iowa, 27; Matthews, Newton, 284; Ogle, Howard, 328; Powell, Colvin, 235 ; Porter, William, 258 ; Porter, Edward, 141 ; Mounts, Pero, 264 ; McClure, John, 808 ; Pratts, John, 395 ; Sheets, Peter, 970 ; Smith, William, 435 ; Smith, Jacob, 293 ; Shaw, Sumner, 188 ; Sturges, David, merchant, 325 ; Simmerman, Jacob, 75 ; Treekell, Jefferson, 677 ; Treekell, Stephen, merchant, 736 ; Treekell, Edward, 399 ; Tree kell, Washington, 399 ; Thompson, Thomas, 90 ; Wyckoff, Nehemiah, 301 ; Webster, William W., 230 ; Wriggan, William W., 100 ; and John AVhitzell, 135. The list of property in district No. 4, in the county of Stark, with the names of the owners and the value of the property, assessed by Silas Richards for the year 1839, is as follows : Albright, George, 80 ; Bennett, Jeremiah, 210 ; Brink, James, 47 ; Cue, William, 360 ; Cundiff, John, 330; Coburn, William, 270; Dunbar, William, 693; Dunbar, Henry, 419; Driscoll, Luther, 615; Emery, Conrad, 538; Emery, Jacob, 571 ; Emery, Joseph ; 339 ; Emery, Jesse, 128; Eltgroth, Elijah, 40 ; Grant, Joshua, 145 ; Grant, 'Nelson, 155 ; Hodgson, Daniel, 425 ; Hodgson, Jonathan, 726 ; Hester, John, 440; Havs, Harry, 845; Ives, Henry, 220 ; Jackson, Barnabas M.. 2,092 ; Jackson, George, 115 ; Lundy, John, 254; Lake, AVilliam, 144; Lake, Reuben, 179; Miner, Peter F., 4S5 ; Miner, Harris W., 460 ; Miner, J. X C. II., 1,336 ; Miner, Jesse, 35; Manning, Abiah, 50; McClenaghan, Henry, 455; Mason, William, 397; McWilliams, John, 238; Parrish, Samuel, 270; Parrish, Joel, 135; Palmer, Joseph, 320; Richards, Silas, 461; Rich ards, Milton, 392 ; Reed, Ira C, 50 ; Russell, John, 64 ; Simmerman, David, 535 ; Simmerman, George, 205 ; Sellen, Edward, 255 ; Stoddard, Israel, 315; Stoddard, Marcus A., 125; White, John, 562; Wheeler, EXPLORATION AND OCCUPATION. 69 William, 168; Pulhamous, Isaac, 24; Wilson, James J., 117. The total was $17,824. The list of lands in the fourth district, in the county of Stark, with the names of the owners and the value of the lands assessed by Silas Richards, for the year 1839, comprised the names of Daniel Frost, Thomas G. Williams and Isaac Foster. At the close Of the war between the United States and England in 1812, our government laid off a tract of land in Illinois for the sol diers who participated in that war. The land thus appropriated was embraced in the region between the Mississippi and the Illinois rivers, and extended as far northward as the north line of Bureau and Henry counties. To it the name " Military Tract " was given, and by that name this section is still knowm. Within this boundary is embraced one of the most fertile regions of the globe. Scarcely had Congress made the proper provisions to enable the soldiers to secure their land ere a few of the most daring and resolute started to possess it. There were only a few, however, who at first regarded their " quarter sec tion " of sufficient value to induce them to endure the hardships of the pioneer in its settlement and improvement. Many of them sold their patent to a fine "prairie quarter" for one hundred dollars, others for less, while some traded theirs for a horse, a cow, or a watch, regarding themselves as just so much ahead. This was a source of no little trouble to the actual settlers, as shown further on in this volume, for they could not always tell which quarter of land belonged to a soldier, or which was " Congress land " and could be preempted. Even when a settler found a suitable location known to be " patent land," with a desire to purchase, he experienced great difficulty in finding the owner, and often did not find him until he had put hun dreds of dollars' worth of improvements on it, when the patentee was sure to turn up. It was seldom that a " patentee " could be found at the time of settlement, and many of the early settlers presumed that the owner never would be known ; but in many instances, after a patent quarter section was made valuable by improvement, the original patent would be brought on by some one, who would oust the occu pant and take possession, sometimes paying him something for his improvements and sometimes not. Many holders of patents had no pity. This condition of affairs presented a temptation to merciless "land sharks," who would come into this section and work up cases, ostensibly for the original patentees, but really for their own pockets. The most notorious of these was one Toliver Craig, who actually made it a business to forge patents and deeds. This he carried on exten sively from 1847 to 1854, especially in Knox and Fulton counties. He had forty bogus deeds put on record in one day at Knoxville. He was arrested in New York State in 1854, by O. M. Boggess, of Mon mouth, and taken to the jail at Cincinnati, Ohio, where he attempted suicide by arsenic; but at the end of a year he was released on bail. The settlers around Osceola Grove, with men from other townships, organized an anti-claim jumpers' society, which checked, effectually, the operations of the claim jumpers, and enabled them to hold their lands until purchased from the government. CHAPTER IV. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. ARRIAGE was not always the voluntary proceeding we now find it. It was compulsory among the Greeks. The Spartans could not tolerate celibacy, and by the laAvs of Lycurgus criminal proceedings could be taken against those who married too late or unsuitably, as Avell as against those Avho did not marry at all. It Avent hard with the latter. Should any man remain single beyond a certain age he was publicly scorned, and Avas made to do penance by walking naked in the winter through the market place, singing a sati rical song on himself. In the French settlement of Canada women Avere sent over after the men, and the single men, that they might be forced to marry, were subjected to heavy taxation and to restrictions on their trade and their movements generally. Those who married were dealt with, on the other hand, in a generous spirit. Not only were they provided with a good wife and comfortable home, but they were awarded according to the number of their offspring. The father of ten children Avas pensioned for life at the rate of 300 livres a year. If he had tAvelve children the allowance Avas increased to 400 livres, and it Avent up to 1,200 li\_es when fifteen children blessed the union. The conditions Avere reversed in the English colonies, for there the settlers eagerly Avelcomed the other sex, and did not hesitate to pay traders heavily in tobacco weight for every marriageable Avoman they brought over. As far back, however, as 1695 the local authorities of Eastham in Massachusetts voted that every unmarried man in the township should kill six blackbirds or three croAvs yearly while he re mained single, producing the scalps in proof, and as a penalty for not obeying the order he was forbidden to marry until he had made up all arrears. The requirement in this case Avas almost nominal ; but it was not so in Maryland, Avhere half a century later the Colonial Assembly imposed a tax of five shillings yearly upon all bachelors above thirty- five years of age (and on widoAvers" without children) who Avere pos sessed of £300. There was a similar graduated tax on bachelorsin Eng land in the reign of William III. Any commoner who was a bach elor at twenty-five had to pay a shilling fine, yearly, and the amount was increased in accordance with rank or title, any ducal offender being taxed to the extent of £12 l()s. yearly. The taxes grew heavier before they were removed, and the time 'came when bachelors Avere called upon to pay an extra tax on their servants. Thus Ave see the old states as well as .young ones have found out that their prosperity depends upon its married citizens. The best subjects, as Lord Bacon 70 MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 71 points out, are those in this relationship, the reason he gives for this conclusion being that single are " light to runaway," while "he that hath a wife and children hath given hostages to fortune." The marriage record of Spoon River precinct of Putnam county, from 1831 to 1839, is as follows : 1832. Feb. 16. Daniel Warren and Lucy Skeel, by Samuel D. Laughlin, J. P. 1833. Jan. 1. Richard Hunt and Ruth Harram, by Samuel D. Laughlin, J P. 1834. Nov. 16. Emanuel Hitchcock and Rebecca Merrill, by Benj. Smith, J. P. 1836. Dexter Wall and Sarah Starks, by Benj. Smith, J. P. Nero W. Mounts and Nancy Martindale, by Benj. Smith, J. P. Geo. F. Thomas and Elizabeth Romble, by W. M. Stewart, J. P. Martin Batterton and America Taylor, by Benj. Smith, J. P. 1837. Henry James and Margaret Wilkinson, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. Jerry R. Larkins and Sarah Ann Davis, by J. B. Ohenoweth. Nelson Dugan and Mary A. Stroude, by AV. M. Stewart, J. P. Wm. M. Young and Nancy H. Glenn, by J. B. Ohenoweth, M. G. John P. Judson and Maria Wattles, by J. B. Ohenoweth, M.G. Isaac Baker and Eliza Ash, by J . B . Ohenoweth, M . G . Joseph Cox and Catherine Edwards, by J. W. Agard, J. P. Langley Hall and Sarah Ligo, by M. G. Brace, J. P. 1838. April 10. W. W. Drummond and Jemima McClenahan, by Jonathan Miner, M. G. Samuel Love and Catherine Taylor, by J. W. Agard, J. P. Jacob Zenor and Elvira Skeels, by B. Harris, M. G. Joseph K. Lane and Emily Chaffee, by J. W. Agard, J. P. AV. A. Drummond and Ruth Cox, by J. W. Agard, J. P. Samuel Sterne and Elizabeth Phenix, by M. G. Brace, J. P. Thomas Timinons and Mary Jane Davis, by J. W. Agard, J. P. 1839. Jan. 3. Robert W. Clanahan and Lucy A. Richards, by Jonathan Miner. " 8. David Currier and Rebecca Jane Parks, by W. G. Vail, M. G. Feb. 28. Geo. Simmerman and Phoebe Richmond, by Jonathan Miner. Mar. 13. Dan. Woodward and Mary A. Haditat, by M. G. Brace, J. P. During this time a license Avas issued to Minott Silliman, but as the ceremony was not performed in Putnam county the document and certificate were recorded at St. Louis in 1833. The marriage of Harris W. Miner and Miss Nancy Gross, in the Avinter of 1831-2, was the first between Avhite American settlers within the bounds of Stark county. Squire Hiram M. Curry, of Peoria 5 Mar. 17. AprilMay Oct. 28.19. 10. April July 5. 4. a 15. Aug. 17. a 24. Oct. 31. Nov. 12. Dec. 13. May 15.31. Sept. 25. Oct. 2. i( 4. Dec. 16. 72 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. county, was the celebrant. In 1832 Nero W. Mounts married the Widow Martindale. Squire Benjamin Smith officiating. "In February, 1834," says Mrs. Shallenburger, "there was a wed ding at the house of James Holgate, of which we can still learn some thing. This was between a gentleman by the name of McClure and a sister of Mrs. Holgate, Miss Marsh. The guests were Mr. and Mrs. Sylvanus Moore, Mr. and Mrs. Greenleaf Smith, Mr. and Mrs. John Dodge, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Seeley and Jesse Heath. Whether Squire Smith or some Avandering preacher performed the ceremony, Mr. Holgate did not inform us, but said he had, in 1834, but a cabin sixteen feet square, and well filled Avith the usual comforts of pioneer life. They took the door from its hinges to add to the table, and as the Aveather was mild for the season, the men stood outside while the feast Avas spread. Then ' bee gums ' Avere brought in and puncheons laid on them for seats, and they had an excellent dinner, no scarcity of anything but room. The repast oATer, the men had again to retire to the ' sky parlor ' until the table could be cleared and the door restored to its place, when they all managed to get inside and had a gay time. But the toilets must be left to the imagination of the reader." The first marriage license in. this county was issued by the first clerk, over forty years ago. We give the form of the license and cer tificate in full : State of Illinois, Stark County, ss. — I, Oliver Whitaker, Clerk of the County Commissioners Court of the County of Stark, do hereby authorize any regular minister of the Gospel, Judge or Justice of the Peace, to unite in marriage William Charles and Esther Stoddard ; and the minister, Judge or Justice of the Peace who may unite the above named parties shall make a certifi cate of the same and return it to me within thirty days, as the law directs. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and private seal (there being no official seal provided) at Osceola, this 16th day of April, A. D. 1839. Oliver Whitakek, Clerk. State op Illinois, Stark County. I hereby certify that, on the 18th day of April, A. D. 1839, I joined in the holy state of matrimony, Mr. AVilliam Charles and Miss Esther Stoddard, according to the usual- custom and law of the State of Illinois. Given under my hand and seal this 18th day of April, A. D. 1839. Luther Driscoll, Minister of the Gospel. The record of marriage certificates entered in this county from this time to the close of 1866 is as follows : 1839. April 18. Wm. Charles and Esther Stoddard, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. •' 18. Lewis Perry and Clarrissa M. Elliot, by Jonathan Miner, M. G. May 10. Egbert Ellsworth and Sarah Parrish, by J. W. Agard, J. P. " 30. Robert Colwell and Maria AlcClenahan, by Jonathan Miner, M. (i. July 8. Abel Stevens and Rosanna Davis, by W. F. Vail, M. G. Aug. 15. Jacob Simmerman and Malinda Sheets, bv Jonathan Hodgson, J. P. Oct. 16. Luther Driscoll and Lydia Parrish, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. " 20. Joseph Slocum and Eliza McKellogg, by Silas Richards, J. P. Nov. 21. Wm. F. Thomas and Mary Butler, by John AV. Agard, J. P. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 73 Nov. 21. Ira Ward, Jr., and Elizabeth Butler, by John W. Agard, J. P. " 28. Andrew Dray and Parmelia Winter, by John W. Agard, J. P. Dec. 9. John Rickey and Clarrissa Sweet, by John AV. Agard, J. P. 1840. Josiah Drummonds and Lucretia Colwell, by Joseph Perry, J. P. Robert Hall and Harriett Marsh, by Samuel Camp, J. P. Oaks Turner and Rebecca G. Butler, by Wilson Pitner, M. G. James K. McClennahan and Anna Pollock, by W. F. Vail, M. G. Wm. H. Butler and Mary Fuller, by Wilson Pitner, M. G. John Riggen and Anna Bothwell, by Washington Trickle, J. P. Wm. Porter and Eleanor Hamilton, by W. F. Vail, M. G. Ezekial Dukes and Margaret AVright, by AV. F. Vail, M. G . James Pollock and Mary Parrish, by W. F. Vail, M. G. Alex. B. Hamilton and Mary C. Pratz, by John Finley, J. P. Wm. E. Elston and Eliza Sweet, by Samuei Camp, J. P. Everett Elston and Mary Howard, by Samuel Camp, J. P. Stephen Ordaway and Phoebe Stiles, by Jonathan Hodgson, J. P. Ira 0. Reed and Maria Charles, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. William Tener and Christiana Coleman, by John Miller, P. J. P. Samuel Maycock and Augusta Currier, by Samuel Camp, J. P. Henry S. Cooper and Elizabeth Manter, by Silas Richards, J. P. Theodore F. Hurd and Catherine M. Driscoll, by Luther Dris coll, M. G. John W. Henderson and Mary Perry, by Jonathan Miner, M. G. Sylvester Glass and Oliver Electa Lane, by John Miller, P. J. P. Ira T. Dibble and Lucretia Elmira Lane, by John.Miller, P. J. P. W. F. AVhite and Juliana Murphy, by Edward Trickle, J. P. Charles C. Blish and Elizabeth Boner, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. 1841. Joseph Newton and Jane White, by James B. Ohenoweth, M. G. C. D. Fuller and Lydia Avery, by Samuel Camp, J. P. Samuel G. Butler and S. L. Ward, by Jonathan Miner, M. G. Joseph C. Avery and Martha Marsh, by Wm. Parks, J. P. Thomas G. Pattison and Sarah Stinbrook, by Jonathan Hodg son, J. P. " 18. Marcus A. Stoddard and Lucinda A. Geer, by Jonathan Miner, M. G , April 8. John Burfield and Emily Colwell, by Edward Trickle, J. P. " 18. Urial T. Simmerman and Juliet Richards, by Jonathan Hodg son, J. P. James Albro and Amy Lake, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. Carson Burfield and Eliza McClenahan, by Joseph Perry, J. P. Zarah Sweet and Sarah Stevens, by Samuel Camp, J. P. Gabriel Bowen and Nancy Carter, by Aug. Richards, J. P. J. A. Parker and Ann Eliza Manning, by Jonathan Miner, M. G . John 0. Albro and Mary A. Chatfield, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. Patrick Neval and Jane Pounds, by Jonathan Hodgson, J. P. Noah Fogg and Eliza Smith, no record. Daniel Smith and Henrietta Eagon, by AVashington Trickle, J. P. John Bishop and Clarinda Williams, by Edward Trickle, J. P. Minot Silliman and Henrietta Bathen, by Jonathan Hodgson. Joseph Blanchard and Ann White, by AVm. Parks, J. P. Jan. 2. a 9. a 29. April 2. 14. a 23. May April 5. 30. 29. May 14. 3. JulyAug. Sept. ii 5. 24. 5. 21. ii 24. Oct. 4. a 11. i i 25. Nov. 20. t i 26. Dee. 8. ii 23. Jan. 3. a 7. Mar. 4. it 13. ii 18. ii 22. May 9. June 24. a 24. July 5. a 15. a 27. No date. Sept. 26. Oct. 17. ii 4. ii 24. 74 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Thomas Graves and Nancy A. Cox, by Edward Trickle, J. P. Eugenus Frum and Elizabeth Barnett, by Jonathan Miner. G. A. Hough and Elizabeth Clark, by Samuel G. Wright, M. G. John Pryor and Mary Halsted, by Jonathan Hodgson, J. P. Joseph N. Benedict and Martha Burfield, by Jonathan Hodg son, J. P. Imri Merchant and Martha Brooks, by Jonathan Miner, M. G. Miles A. Fuller and Ann Avery, by Wm. Parks, J. P. 1842. Charles Bolt and Catherine Slifer, by W. F. Vail, M. G. Seth B. Bristol and Rebecca Pollock, by S. G. Wright, M. G. B. S. Helyard and Sabrina Logan, by John Miller, P. J. P. L. 6. Riddle and Eliza Smith, by John Miller, P. J. P. W. G. Knaggs and Laura Ann A. Little, by Samuel G. Wright. James H. Beebe and Lucy A. Stoddard, by Samuel G. Wright. Solomon Geer and Nancy Phenix, by Peter S. Shaver, J. P. Daniel P. Reed and Leanna Carter, by Edward Trickle, J. P. Reuben Colwell and Elizabeth Springer, by Edward Trickle. James B . Witter and Margery Eckley, by Edward Trickle, J. P. Henry Sweet and Melinda Stevens, by Samuel Camp, J. P. Isaac Pulhamons and Lutitia Dunbar, by Jonathan Miner, M. G. Simon Sturm and S. S. Miller, by Wm. Moore, J. P. W. AV. Winslow and Lucy M. Fuller, by Wm. Parks, J. P. John Stewart and Aurrilla Parrish, by Jonathan Hodgson, J. P. Alex H. Swiger and Nancy I. Johnson, by Wilson Pitner, M. G. Wm. Clark and Emeline Walter, by John M. Miller, M. G. , James Davis and Sarah Jane Dunbar, by Jonathan Hodgson. James P. Denby and Lucinda Bostwick, by Augustus Richards. James McNaught and Elizabeth Durana, by Jonathan Hodgson. Robert Rule and Charlotte Oliver, by W. F. Vail, M. G. Smith Hays and Jane Dray, by Samuel Camp, J. P. 1843. Henry Sellon and Phoebe Stoddard, by Jonathan Miner, M. G . Wm. Ackley and Angeline Scofield, by Samuel G. Wright, M. G. Samuel Ridgeway and Icy B. Miller, by Peter S. Shaver, J. P. Lewis Bayley and Mary Lake, by Levi Chase, M. G. Egbert Ellsworth and Olin E. Glass, by John Sanders, M. G. John Swab and Mary Jane Emery, by AVashington Trickle, J. P. Oliver Moore and Hester Ann Thurston, by Peter S. Shaver. David Essex and Nancy E. Wilkison, by Jonathan Anthony, Pastor M. E. church. Bevel Beardsley and Martha Nixon, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. Edmund Winslow and Eliza P. Currier, by Alfred H. Murray. Charles Lake and Eliza Ann Davis, by Edward Trickle, J. P. John Cundiff and Ruth Stites, by Jonathan Miner, M. G. John Augur and Lucinda Snyder, by Jonathan Hodgson. Smith Woodward and Sarah Jordan, by Lewis Austin, J. P. Lucius E. Miner and M. Louisa Culbertson, by Jonathan Miner. Thomas Hinges and Ann Carney, by John W. Agard, J. P. ' 1844. Jan. 29. Lyman Hanchett and Lucinda Jane Simmerman, by George W. Jackson, J. P. Oct. 28. a 28. Dec. 3. ii 5. it 24. it 30. a 31. Jan, 17. Feb. 3. it 10. a 10. a 24. a 24. Mar. 3. it 31. ii 27. Aprr it 121. 21. ii 21. ii 28. June 8. gi 30. July . a 14. 31. Oct. 10. a 26. Nov. 8. Dec. 25. t i 22. Jan. 2. Feb. 9. a 19. Mar. 20. AprilJuly ii 5.6. 20. Aug. 17. Sept.Oct. 4. 12. ii 18. a 22. Nov. 30. Dec. 3. a 12. ii 28. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 75 Feb. 6. Jonathan Prattz and Eliza Jane Murphy, by Samuel G. AVright. " 20. David Emery and Mary Albright, by John Berfield, J. P. " 25. George D. Sturm and Marian Jordan, by Lewis Austin, J. P. Mar., 24. Caleb A. Mounts and Naomi Newton, by James B. Ohenoweth. " 28. James H. Dunn and Patty Ann Sturm, by Lewis. Austin, J. P. May 6. Theo. Pulhamous and Eliza L. Hodgson, by A. E.Phelps, M. G. " 14. Ansel Fuller and Lydian Sweet, by James Buswellj J. P. " 21. Levi Leek and Emily M. Pomery, by Jonathan Miner, M. G. June 1. John Murphy and Martha Hester, by Jonathan Hodgson, P. J. P. " 6. Amza Newman and Sylva Jackson, by Lewis Austin, J. P. " 29. Jeremiah P. Ward and Almira Day, by Jonathan Miner, M. G. Aug. 11. James Jackson and Elizabeth Sturm, by Lewis Austin, J. P. Oct. 1.. Vickery Nation and Rosanna Pro, by LeAvis Austin, J. P. Nov. 21. Isaac C. Reed and Luna A. Pomeroy, by Daniel Bagley, M. G. Oct. 14. Robert M. Moore and Maria White, by James Buswell, J. P. Nov. 28. Alexander W. Albro and Hester Ann Wilcox, by Hervey J. Rhodes, J. P. Dec. 5. David H. Long and Eliza J. Simmerman, by Edward Trickle, J. P. " 14. James Greenough and Ellen Barrett, by Jonathan Anthony. " 24. George Sheets and Charlotte Simmerman, by EdAvard Trickle. 1845. Jan. 19. J. H. Martindale and Rachel Ricketts, by John Berfield, J. P. " 26. James Bishop and Charlotte J. Arnold, by John Berfield, J. P. Feb. 23. David Gwyre and Sarah Colwell, by Edward Trickle, J. P. Mar. 20. Samuel Badham and Mary Richards, by Robert McClenahan. April 24. Oliver B. Manley and Eliza Prattz, by Samuel G. AVright, M. G. " 13. John Louis and Ellen Howard, by James Holgate, J. P. May • 5. Hall S . Gregory and Flora Newton, by James B. Ohenoweth. " 8. John A. Maxfield and Jane Winter, by Jonathan Anthony. " 27. Stephen W. Eastman and Susana M. Gill, by Elisha Gill, M. G. June 5. Thomas B. Donnelly and Margaret Wilhelm, by John Berfield. " 16. Therrygood Riggen and Mariah Hubbell, by John Miller, J. P. Aug. 3. Hosea Bulkley and Mary Nicholson, by Daniel Bagley, M. G. " 8. Oliver S. Avery and Eliza Jane Atherton, by John Miller, J. P. Sept. 9. Bushrod Tapp and Mary Jane Essex, by Jonathan Anthony. Nov. 11. George A. Worley and Mary A. Carter, by I. G. Whitcomb. " 18. Henry Seeley and Amanda Boardman, by I. G. Whitcomb, M. G. " 17. William Fenn and Anna Hester, by Jonathan Hodgson, P. J. P. Dec. 11. James White and Anna Parmer, by Daniel Bagley, M. G. 1846. Jan. 15. Amza Newman and Sarah AVoodward, by Jonathan Hodgson. " 18. John Springer and Sarah Coleman, by Edward Trickle, J. P. Feb. 25. Jacob W. Blake and Susan L. Powell, by Daniel Bagley, M. G. " 19. Adam Oliver and Polly Ann Parks, by W. J. Fraser, M. G. Mar. 10. David Bedford and Mary Knapp, by H. R. Halsey, J. P. April 19. Avery A. Reed and Orselia Pomeroy, by Daniel Bagley, M. G. " 11. William Kinsey and Pauline Wilson, by Samuel G. AVright. June 2. ' William E. Foster and Sylvia C. Arnold, by Samuel G. Wright. July 3. Orrin Bates and Elizabeth Vail, by John Miller, J. P. Aug 28 Thomas A. Leonard and Harriet E. McClure, by Luther Dris coll, M. G. Nov. 19. Jackson Dunbar and Mary Ann AVright, by Freeborn Haney. . 76 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Dec. 20. John Hodgson and Abigail Hester, by John Miller, J. P. " 24. Washington Dunbar and Anna Lee, by John Miller, M. P. 1847. Thomas P. Camron and Cynthia Hyler, by Edward Trickle, J. P. David Howard and Thankful A. Elston, by John Miller, J. P Benjamin Brooks and Amanda J. Rounds, by Harvey J. Rhodes. Charles W. Todd and Abbv Ann Dudley, by Samuel G. Wright. Henry Colwell and Clarinda Ebby, by John Berfield, J. P. Thomas Riggen and Maria Rounds, by John Berfield, J. P. David P. Wintro and Louisa Edwards, by H. J. Rhodes, J. P Joel Thurston and Malinda Ratcliff, by John Miller, J. P. David D. Driscoll and Josephine M. Berger, by Luther Driscoll. Sylvanus W. Warner and Emeline Otis, by James M. Stickney. Amza Newman and Phcebe Greenfield, by John Miller, J. P. Nathan H. Jones and Susan S. Hubbell, by Samuel G. AVright. David H. Long and Angela M. Thompson, by Edward Trickle. Stephen Frye and Sarah E. Essex, by John Miller, J. P. Lyman 0 . Riddle and Margaret Runyan, by John Miller, J. P. Samuel Thomas and Ann Oziah, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Henry F. Miller and Elizabeth P. Winslow, by Charles M. Johnson, J. P. Minott Silliman and Lutetia Oziah, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. George D.Young and Catherine Parmenter, by John Miller, J. P. Caleb M. S. Lyons and S. Eliza Rhodes, by S. G. Wright, M. G. Charles W. Caswell and Christiana Tenen, by Charles M. John son, J. P. Dec. 28. Peter Nyberg and Louisa Anderson, by I. I. Headstrom, J. P. 1848. Jacob Springer and Samantha L. AVhite, by C. M. S. Lyons, J. P. Emanuel Gunsaul and Missouri Ann Dunbar, by Moses Jared. David M. Taylor and Suey Ann Powell, byC. M. S. Lyons, J. P. Robert Bathan and Jerusha Berger, by John Miller, J. P. Daniel Phenix and Jane Moore, by Elisha Gill, M. G. Michael Newell and Mary Emery, by Rev. Raphael Rainaldi, priest. Jeduthan S. Hopkins and Ann L. Rouse, by Josiah Moffit, J. P. Cyril Ward and Mary McNaught, by C. M. S. Lyons, J. P. Javil Chaffee and Mary Jane Boardman, by Josiah Moffit, J. P. James Essex and Elizabeth Essex, by Josiah Moffit, J. P . Albert B. Butler and Catherine Atherton, by Richard Radley. Alexander Rule and Betsey Oliver, by John Turnbull, J. P. Luther Geer and Polly Moore, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. Alexander Christy and Irena Sheets, by Josiah Moffit, J. P. Jacob Simmerman and Amelia Lane, by C. M. S. Lyons, J. P. William A. Sweet and Jane Persons, by H. I. Humphreys, M. G. John Barnhill and Penninah Hockenbarry,by S. G. Wright, M.G. Perry Stancliff and Marthy Davis, by Josiah Moffit, J. P. Elder Aby and Mary Ann Murphy, by AV. P. King, M. G. William Waddell and Esther Neeley, by John R. Rounds. J. P. William Lyle, jr., and Margaret McCreath, by S. G. Wright,' M. G. Charles Rood and Elizabeth Lyle, by S. G. Wright, M. G. David AV. Bennett and Mary Ann Dodge, by Moses Jared, M. G. Feb. 27. Mar. 18. it 30. April 4. " 5. May i t 6. 25. June 19. July it 2. 8. a 16. ii 20. Aug. it 2. 2. a 26. Sept. 29. 30. Nov. 4. Oct. 25. Nov. 20. a 26. Jan. 2. Feb. 8. ii 13. it 24. ii 24. Mar. '< . April 2. 2. May . i 4.4. a 25. a 30. June 3. a 5. a 15. July a 4. 19. Aug. 17. ii 17. it 31. a 30. Sept. . i 10. 17. Sept. Oct. 21. 1. it 31. Nov. 5. a 9. Dec. 12. Jan. 1 JL. a 7. a 18. Feb. 8. a 10. March 1. i i 15. it 11. i i 20. it 27. April 1. " 9. a 26. May ii 7. 27. a 29. June 14. _ i 20. a 25. July i i 4. 5. Aug. 13. Sept. i t .27. 23. Oct. 12. ii 30. Nov. 15. it 27. Dec. 24. Jan. 1. a 16. a 31. Feb. 14. April 1. " 7. ii 14. ii 16. It 11. ii 21. May 11. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 77 Charles B. Smith and Sarah J. Snyder, by H. R. Halsey, J. P. George Prsson and Marta Erie Dotr, by I. I. Hedstrom, M. G. Aaron Tyler, jr., and Elizabeth Buswell, by S. G. Wright, M. G. George Elston and Mary Ann Imes, by Joshua Gilfinan, J. P. Argelon Graves and Lucy Ann Boardman, by John Miller, J. P. Peter Johnson and Mary Johnson, by I. I. Hedstrom, M. G. 1849. Walter Fuller and Chloe M. Rowe, by S. G. Wright, M. G. Jeffrey A. Cooley and Louisa Culbertson, by S. G. Wright, M.G. William A. Stites and Lovice Hodgson, by Absalom AVoolescroft. Stanley Morgan and Lydia Long, by Charles M. Johnson, J. P. Bennett C. Lee and Elizabeth Knight, by John Miller, J. P. John Snyder and Susan S. AVright, by H. R. Halsey, J. P. William E. Dunn and Angelina H. Wyckoff, by Samuel G. Wright, M. G. Isaac Sturms and Jane Stedham, by Joshua Gilfinnan, J. P. William B . Smith and Eliza McNaught, by John Miller, J. P. John Potter and Charity Ann Young, by S. G. AVright, M. G. Banajah Orsman and Mary Jane Sturm, by James Holgate. J. P. Andrew Parker and Adeline D.Knowlton,by James Holgate, J. P. Willard F. Clark and Sarah Hackenberry, by John Cummings. Jacob Holgate and Alvena AVilliams, by John Miller, J. P. Thomas W. Ross and Margaret J. Armstrong, by Samuel G. Wright, M. G. Thomas J. Henderson and Henrietta Butler, by Richard Radley. William P. Williams and Joanna Stidham, by S. G. Wright. Jones AVard and Martha Wicksals, by Jonathan Hodgson, M. G. Martin Shallenberger and Eliza Jane Hall, by Samuel G. Wright, M. G. Craig Headley and Emeline Garner, by H. J. Rhodes, P. J. P. James Ii. Conley and Minerva Ann Hall, by J. F. Thompson. George Hammon and Konar Reader, by C. M. Johnson, J. P. Hiram H. Drawyer and Alary Phenix, by S. G. Wright, M.G. Charles H. Turner and Eliza Ricketts, by S. G. AVright, M. G. Albert Peters and Martha Crex, by I. I. Hedstrom, M. G. Avery A. Reed and Rhoda AV alters, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. John Leffler and Frances Wilkinson, by John Miller, J. P. Andrew Oliver and Helen Turnbull, by Samuel G. Wright, M.G. John P. Barnett and Catherine Miller, by John Miller, J. P. 1850. Peter Nelson and Clarinda Haskins, by John Miller, J. P. Abner Sturm and Eliza Sturm, by W. W. AVinslow, J. P. Wm . G . Thompson and Mary Stiles, by Absalom AVoolescroft. Welleston K. Fuller and Sarah Oziah, by John Miller, J. P. Ethan A. Corn well and Edith Emery, by Milton Eckley, J. P. Benj. F. Edwards and Catherine Eckley, by Milton Eckley, J. P. Perry Winn and Sarah Grans, by John Miller, J. P. O. B. Manley and Elizabeth Aton, by M. P. King, M. G. Miles A. Fuller and Elizabeth S. Walker, by James B. Ohenoweth. Robert Cox and Susan Guyre, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. James C. Egbert and Catherine Swank, by Jacob Young, J. P. Julius Ives and Eliza Newton, by Sam. G. AVright, M. G. 78 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Nathan Snare and Lydia Davidson, by Absalom Woolescrof t, M.G. Henry Clay Henderson and Iantha Fuller, by Sam. G. Wright. James A. Morris and Ahce Greenough, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Mardonius Durand and Mahala M. St. Peters, by Jacob Young. Verness Brown and Phoebe Stofer, by Rev. James M. Stickney. Peter A. Grass and Elizabeth Ann Wooley, by John Miller, J. P. Daniel Gingrich and Lucinda Porter, by M. P. King, M. G. Daniel McKee and Sarah Jane Sturm, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P. Elis Deas and Mary A. Simmerman, by Jacob Young, J. P. Benj. C. Leonard and Susan Durand, by John Miller, J. P. Edwin R. Boardman and Hannah Fuller, by Sam. G. Wright. John Miller and Hannah Swank, by Jacob Young, J. P. John L. Blanchard and Esther Stowell, by Joseph Catterlin (Seal). James R. Lashellsand Sarah M. Williams, by Wm. M. Clark, M. G. Wm. L. Howard and Susan Wright, by James Holgate, J. P. Andrew J . Finley and Margaret J . Carter, by John Miller, J. P. David Simmerman and Sarah A. Durand, by Jacob Young, J. P. Henry Hitchcock and Adaline Newton, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P. James Wolf and Tiantha Livermore, by Jacob Young, J. P. James D. Hodgson and Roxanna Risdon, by Rev. Wm. Gaddis. Elijah Greenfield and Mary F. Winter, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P. Sylvester Greenfield and Mahala Winter, by Miles A. Fuller. Hugh Y. Godfrey and Frances E. McCance, by Rev. A. Gross. Wm. E. Jones and Elizabeth W. Littell, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P. Wm. Newton and Malinda Shaw, by W. W. Winslow, J. P. Aaron N. Fitch and Martha Martz, by Rev. A. Gross. Newton Russell and Susan M. Blake, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P. Leonard C. Drawyer and Catherine M. Shavers, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P. 1851. Jesse Williams and Mary Ann Green, by Jacob Young, J. P. Stephen D. Brees and Julia Drawyer, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P. Homer Laird and Olive Carothers, by John Miller, J. P. George M. Hazen and Margaret Prattz, by M. P. King, M. G. William F. Berrian and Ann Barnhill, by Sam. G. Wright, M. G. James Osterhout and Filicia Malvina Shaver, by Miles A. Ful ler, J. P. Joseph W. Halsted and Kezia B. Gaddes, by John Sinclair, M. G. Caleb Brooks and Mary Thompson, by Luther Driscoll, M. G. Joseph C. Jackson and Susan Dalrymple, by Miles A. Fuller. Thomas N. Fitch and Clarinda Taylor, by Dan. J. Hurd, J. P. Jonas Rimes and Mary Lacey, by Sam. G. AVright, M. G. Zelur Snell and Elizabeth Sturm, by W. W. AVinslow, J. P. John J. Shockley and Melissa Round, by Jacob Young, J. P. Abram Phenix and Esther C. Moore, by AV. WT. AVinslow, J. P Christopher Trickle and Agnes Dwire, by Jacob Young, J. P. Silas Round and Louisa D. Smith, by Jacob Young, J. P. Thomas J. Elliot and Mary C. Dudley, by A. Gross, M. G. Wm. M. Miner and Mary Miner, by A. Gross, M. G. Wm. Morrison and Esther Colwell, by John Miller, J. P. Jefferson Winn and Larinda AVheeler, by John Miller, J. P. James H. Newton and Hester Ann McCance, by A. Gross, M. G. Jacob Emery and Lydia Driscoll, by S. G. Wright, M. G. May 25. June 12. JulyAug. 25. 11. it ii ii 15. ii 18. i i 25. ii 29. Sept. it 3. 12. tl 15. a 17. a 22. it 26. Oct. 6. ii 10. Nov. 17. a 14. tt 21. a 28. a 28. Dec. 20. Nov. 28. Dec. 8. ii 8. it 9. ii 15. Jan. 30. Feb. 8. a 20. a it Mar. 28. ii 30. April 3. May 1. " 21. a 28. June 15. a 25. July Sept. a 14. , 1. 9. i i 21. a 21. a 21. a 25. a 28. . _ 28. Oct. 9. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 79 Oct. 12. Isaac Dimmick and Nancy Sturm, by W. W. Winslow, J. P. " 12. Jarvis S. Berger and Mary H. Smith, by John F. Thompson. " 23. Samuel G. Avery and Marietta Day, by Sam. G. Wright, J. P. " 22. John Motes and Lucretia Drummond, by John Miller, J. P. " 26. Stoughton Lamoree and Rosanna Sheets, by John Miller, J. P. Nov. 4. John Chaffee and Alary Ann Fast, by John Miller, J. P. " 5. Patrick M. Blair and Harriet M. Hall, by Sam. G. Wright, M. G. " 27. David Oziah and Lydia Ann Updike, by John Miller, J. P. Dec. 7. Wanton Briggs and Temperance Davidson, by 0. Lazenby. " 16. John Rouse and Lydia AVooden, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. " 24. Addison G. Blanchard and Mary M. Bagley, by John P. Eckles. " 28. Lineus D. Richmond and Elizabeth A. Rouse, by Isaac Thomas. " 30. Daniel Keim and Sarah Hartwell, by C. Lazenby, M. G. 1852. Jan. 8. James Biggs and Eliza Ann Tapp, by 0. Lazenby, M. G. " 19. Calvin Butler and Eliza Harter, by John Finley, J. P. " 21. Charles H. Winter and Sarah A. E. Dray, by C. Lazenby, M. G. " 22. Peter Fast and Elizabeth Atherton, by A. Gross, M. G. " 25. Noah Springer and Elizabeth Eby, by John Finley, J. P. Feb. 12. John Headly and Mary Albro, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P. " 13. Nicholas C. Buswell and Ellen Fowler, by AV. W. AVinslow, J. P. "' 18. Sylvester M. Armstrong and Elizabeth Redfield, by H. R. Hal sey, J. P. Mar. 11. Robert Jordan and Sarah Dixon, by John Miller, J. P. " 15. Nathan Graves and Emily Boardman, by John Finley, J. P. " 18. Samuel C. Neal and Asenath L. Matthews, by Robert Cameron. " 18. Alphonzo Gooding and Harriet Lacey, by Sam. G. Wright, M. G. " 20. Johnston Breese and Mary Besette, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P. " 21. Leonard Duffer and Sarah J. Emery, by Sam. G. Wright, M. G. " 25. AVm. P. Finley and Cynthia J Witter, by Jacob Young, J. P. April 1. AVm. Benjamin and Mary A. Parcells, by James Holgate, J. P. " 4. Andrew Jackson and Sarah Newton, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P. '' 7. Arch. Ayers and Catherine 0. Becker, by Christopher Lazenby. " 13. Hugh Greenough and Sarah Eliza Miller, by Sam. G. Wright. " 15. Wm. S. Shockley and Hannah Losey, by Jacob Young, J. P. " 21. John A. White and Marcia E. Baldwin, by Sam. G. AVright. John Hiner and Elizabeth Williams, canceled. May 2. DeWitt 0. Mears and E. Anne Armstrong, by A. Gross, M. G. " 2. Benj. Baldwin and Elizabeth Williams, by M. P. King, M. G. " 12. James M. Flint and Margaret F. Hart, by Sam. G. Wright. " 22. John Wrigley and Ann Buckley, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. " 25. Havilah B. Johnson and Judith Tapp, by C. Lazenby, M. G. " 15. Samuel M. Eldridge and Caroline F. Gardner, by A. Gross, M. G. July 4. Orrin M. Gross and Lucia Perkins, by A. Gregg, M. G. June 20. Wm. S. Johnson and Belinda Tapp, by C. Lazenby, M. G. July 18. Edward Durand and Martha Halsted, by J. Hodgson, M. G. " 22. Thomas Colwell, Jr., and Josey E. Graves, by James Holgate. " 25. Anson H. Rutherford and Charity Dixon, by John Finley, J. P. Aug. 8. Chauncey D. Fuller and Electa Ann Westfall, bv Miles A. Ful ler, J. P. " 16. Henry Culbertson and Margaret Dill, by C. Lazenby, M. G. " 22. David Springer and Mary K. Ghandler, by C. 0. Wilson, J. P. " 19. James H. Tull and Rachel Carter, by John Finley, J. P. 80 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY Levi Holman and Lucy Hollister, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P. Abiah Butler and Elizabeth Emery, by Jacob Young, J. P. David Straight and Sarah Elston, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P. John Lewis and Rebecca Ann Eagon, by M. P. King, M. G. Orville Blanchard and Julia Ann Stimpson, by A. Gross, M. G. Isaac Moore and Abigail Moore, by Samuel Ordway, M. G. Samuel Dixon and Hannah Cox, by John Miller, J. P. Geo. A^. Rose and Eurance Parrish, by A. Gross, M. G. Charles Howater and Rachel Bennett, by G. Edwards, M. G. AVm. Taylor and Milly Morrison, by Joseph C. Tozier, J. P. 1853. Levi A. Hodgson and Isadore Hodgson, by C. Lazenby, M. G. Horace F. Howard and Lovenia F. Fitch, by M. P. King, M. G. Joshua Round and Wilmyrth Worley, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P. Luther P. McCoy and Rebecca J. Rogers, by Jacob Young, J. P. John A. Leeson and Martha Imus, by John B. Fast, M. G. Jeremiah Patch and Julia E. Morgan, by James Holgate, J. P. Lyman Thurston and Martha Durand, by J. M. Hinman, M. G. Henry Jones and Ellen AVhite, by Samuel G. AVright, M. G. Cyrus Pratt and Phcebe Ann Atherton, by Jacob Young, J. P. Henry S. Godfrey and Susan Robertson, by A. Gross, M. G. Philip Earhart and Floretta Sheets, by John Miller, J . P. Lewis W. Williams and Lucy A. Johnson, by Chris. Lazenby. John Kelsey and Breta Johnson, by Chris. Lazenby, M. G. Stewart Jordan and Catherine Sturm, by W. W. AVinsloAV, J. P. John M. Hatch and Roxanna Lyle, by H. R. Halsey, J. P. Ira AVard, jr. and Jane Stimson, by J. M. Hinman, M.G. James Triplett and Barbery Ball, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P. James Culbertson and Emily B. Ogle, by Samuel G. Wright, M. G. George AV. Leeson and Mary M Leeson, by John B. Fast, M. G. Sylvester H. Jackson and Beularh A. Leeson, by John B. Fast. Clark S. Hitchcock and Thersey A . White, by Miles A. Fuller. W. H. Rutherford and Mary A. Springer, by Charles C. AVilson. Amos Lester and Olive Bennett, by Isaac Edwards, M. G. David Colwell and Lina Mott, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Thomas W. Newland and Mary Buchanan, by A. Gross, M. G. Aaron Porter and Harriet A". Matthews, by R. Cameron, M. G . Nicholas Sturm and Mauvinia Saxton, by Retes Sturm, M. G. Henry E. Colburn and Phcebe A. Lutz, by 0. Lazenby, M. G. Elijah Fitch and Esther AVhipple, by A. G . Lucas, M. G . Levi Francis and Charity Wilkinson, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Alonzo W Bunce and Emily Dawson, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P. Benjamin Todd and Frances D. Jones, by A. Gross, M. G. Thomas J. AVright and Susan D. Maxfield, by 0. Lazenby, M. G. AVm . 0 . Lee and Harriet J . Leeson, by John B. Fast, M.G. James Slater and Almira Drury, by Peter Sturm, M. G. Alfred Gierhart and AVealthy Ann Dugan, by Ii. J. Rhodes. Israel Thurston and Sylvia Paine, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P . J. C. Lambert and Mary R. AVright, bv C. B. Donaldson, J. P. John J. Boyd and Effa Poysher. by C. Lazenby, M. G. Fernando Jones and Jane Graham j by C" Lazenby, M. G. Alexander Turnbull and Sophia Turnbull, by Joseph Catterlin. Jacob Clemmer and Ann Stowed, by S. G. AVright, M. G. Sept Aug. . 2. . 29. Sept . i . 5.6. t i 18. Oct. 23. Nov. 4. , , 13. i . 25. * • 21. Jan. 1. Feb. 3. it 1. i t 3. April 10. Feb. 25. . t 10. ii 17. " 10. it 13. tt 20. tt 17. _ t 24. a 22. a 24. it 22. ii 26. Mar. 2, . ( 13. '*' 13. it 24. it 14. it 31. t i 20. - i 27. April 8. " 14. ii 16. MayApr i i , 12. 123. 29. May 5. iS 12. a 22. t i 22. i t 26. June 4. a 25. July i i 7. 7. it 11. Aug. 18. Aug. 16. it 25, Sep. 10. Oct. 2. tt 4. ii. 4. it. 6. Nov. 6. a 29. Dec. 3. tt 4. ii 14. it 18. it 29. a 22. i t 25. -Jan. 11. Jan. 5. it 31. tt 29. Feb . 9. it 17, a 19, a 20. Mar, , 1. it 6. ii 16 a 12. ii 10, a 31 ii 23. it 27. April 3 " 18 . t 19 . t 20 a 26. a 23, ti 27, a 28 a 30. May 2. 7, a 6, i i 15. a 18 ii 21. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 81 Washington Brady and Julia C. Denny, by Samuel G. AVright. Matthew H. Rounds and Eliza Headly, by Ii. J. Rhodes, J. P. Harrison Newton and Olive At. Gierhart, by W. T. Miller, J. P. Augustus J. Hammond and Cecilia B. Wynkoop, by James M. Stickney, M. G. David Fast and Lydia Moffit, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Liberty Stone and Thankful B. Leeson, by James Buswell, J. P. Moses Snodgrass and Elizabeth A. McClenahan, by Henry Breese. John Ii. Taylor and Deborah A. Barrett, by James B. ChenoAvith. Julius Ives and Sarah L. Carothers, by S. G. AVright, M. G. John Mortley and Mary A . Knotts, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P. Cyrus Sweet and Armindia Ives, by A. Gross, M. G. John E. Stanbury and Mary Johns Dotr, by AVashington Trickle. Thaddeus S. Thurston and Mary Jane Ellis, by Isaac Thomas. Calvin Hart and Mary A. Holgate, by S. G. AVright, M. G. Frederick J. Brown and Rachel Pike, by A. G. Lucas, M. G. Benjamin Hawarten and Elizabeth Newman, by H. R. Halsey. John Bates and Sarah Harvey, by Rev. S. G. Wright. 1854. Samuel Maddox and Margaret F. Jennings, by Alex. Moncrief. James Belangey and Elizabeth Riley, by Henry Breese, J. P. S. S. Kaysfier and Hannah Whitaker, by Rev. A. Gross, Baptist. Aaron Curfman and Rachel Wilkinson, by S. S. Walker, M. G. 5. Edward Besett and Melvina L. Hocbstrasser, by M. P. King. 8. Ambrose Fuller and Alice J. Woodward, by Rev. S. G. AVright. 14. Sereno E. Donaldson and Francis E. Cushing, by Rev. S. G. Wright. Albion P. Hurd and Clarrissa Porter, by Sam. Ordway, J. P. Stephen AV. Lyle and Eliza W. Hatch, by Sam. R. Thrall, M. G. Leven E. Timmons and Eliza A. Lake, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Adam Gardner and Sophronia AVeaver, by James Buswell, J. P. John Snare and Maria T. Holgate, by C. AV. Walker, M G. Peter Kigles and Helen Rutherford, by E. Scudder High, M. G. Joseph Glaze and Mary A. Champ, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Nelson C. Shaver and Mary Umbaugh, by John Finley, J. P. Joseph Jacobs and Mary Jane Emery, by J. S. Mahan, M. G. Charles Potter and Lucinday Emery, by S. G. Wright, M. G. Wm. W. Warner and Caroline A. Greeley, by Alba Gross, M. G. AVm. Oliver, and Eliza Turnbull, by N. C. Weede, M. G. Daniel J. Hodgson and Jane A. Miller, by H. R. Halsey, J. P. Alex. Buchanan and Mary McClennan, by S. G. Wright, M. G. Luther S. Milliken and F. A. Brodhead, 'by Phil. Chase, M. G. John A. White and Mary J. Anderson, by S. G. Wright, M. G. John Q. A. Thomas and Kate M. Douglass, by Alex. Moncrief. Samuel Earhart and Catherine A. Porter, by A. G. Lucas, M.G. James M. Stimpson and Sarah Parrish, by Alba Gross, M. G. George Dawson and Bashebe Graves, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Charles C. Allen and Airs. N. Elmira Culbertson, by Alba Gross. Sylvester H. Stofer and Eliza J. Snell, by Jacob E. Jones, J. P. James Cakhal and Martha Fitch, by S. G. AVright, M. G. John D. Carter and Julia Ann Dray, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Wm. Bonar and Mary Ann Lewis, by John B. Fast, M. G. G. W. Longmire and Thankful Elston, by Jacob E. Jones, J. P. 82 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Fred Mawbey and Hannah E. Baldwin, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P. Wilson Smith and Mary M. Dennis, by A. Gross, M. G. John Kerr and Mary H. Kerr, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P. Chas. Leverton and Mary Jane Graves, by C. C. Wilson, J. P. Alexander Taylor and Susan Huiiburt, by Thomas M. Pattin. Adrian R. Atin and Sarah Jane Prattz, by M. P. King, M. G. Wm. H. Hall and Harriet E. Hill, by David James, M. G. David M. Leeson and Sybil P. Leeson, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P. Thomas Dunn and Henrietta Geer, by John B. Fast, M. G. Finley Murchison and Mary Turner, by N. C. Weede, M. G. Wm. P. Buswell and Eliza Holgate, by S. G. Wright, M. G. Geo. AV. Mahan and Harriet Newton, by T. S. Vail, M. G. Anderson Yelm and Priscilla E. Aby, by M. P. King, M. G. Wm. Leeke and Hester H. Higgins, by John Morey, M. G. Benjamin Anderson and Mary Ellen Addis, by John Morey. Jason G. Duncan and Abigail Smith, no record of marriage. John A. Gilfillen and Lucinda Buswell, by S. G. AVright, M. G. Wm. Kaler and Mary Leonard, by Herrick R. Halsey, J. P. Lewis Olmsted and Martha Pratt, by John Morey, M. G . Wm. Harter and Clarissa Carter, by John Finley, J. P. Henry S. Hinerand Mary C. Groff, by John Turbett, M. G. John E. Smith and Sarah J. Updyke, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P. Thomas Riggin and Julia Ann Stargett, by Jacob Young, J. P. John B. Roosd and Sarah E. Avery, by John B. Fast, M. G. Rufus Stites and Rachel Hodgson, by H. R. Halsey, J. P. John Peterson and Julia Hayes, by Myron H. Negus, M. G. Wm. Snell and Emily Taylor, by Henry Brees, J. P. John Davis and Nancy J. Albertson, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Wilson Price and Eliza Graff, by John Morey, M. G. Norman Pomeroy and Lydia Anthony, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. John P. Freeman and Rachel Freeland, by John B. Fast, M. G. Nathan Field, and Abigail E. Pratt, by James Holgate, J. P. Royal A. Tanner and Emily Eady, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P. Philip Gless and Charlotte is. White, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P. James Howard and Martha Snnggs, by S. G. Wright, M. G. Hiram P. Geer and Mary Jane Stewart, by A. G. Lucas, M.G. Levi Craine and Nancy Stephens, by S. G. Wright, M. G. Samuel M. Jones and Martha Redfield, by S. G. Wright, M. G. 1855. Ben. F. Smith to Mary R. White, by Andrew Gregg, M. G. Henry C. Blanchard and Mary E. Albertson, by Isaac Thomas. Austin Smith and Sarah K. McNaught, by Alba Gross, M. G. Joshua Gilfillen and Lucy A. Sawyer, by Samuel R. Thrall, M. G. Stephen AV. Eastman and Martha Merchant, by Alba Gross, M. G. Edward Colgan and Drusilla Marlatt, by H. R. Halsey, J. P. Milton P. King and Mary A. Lucas, by A. G. Lucas, M. G. Alex. Sunburg and Mrs. P. Nelson, by Jacob Young, J. P. Andrew Tull and Sarah Carter, by John Morey, M. G . David Olmsted and Rachel A. Fraker, by John Morey, M. G. John Hook and Nancy Jane S warts, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P. Amos Dennis and Margaret Van Sickle, by John Morey, J. P. John Wiley and Eunice M. Trickle, by R. C. Dunn, M.G. Jacob Wiley and Julia Ann Murphy, by Jacob Young, J . P . May June 27.18. a 25. 4 l 18. a 22. July 1 1 4.1. June 30. July it 9. 20. »»' 24. 1 1 26. Aug. tt 3.3. a 12. tt 4. tt 17. a 16. Oct. 5. a 5. a 8. tt 11. . . 15. a 21. a 25. a 25. i i 28. Nov. 9. a 11. a 11. a 17. a 30. Dec. 8. is 14. i i -21. ii 28. it 26. it 28. Jan. 1. a 3. a 10. 1 1 11. tt. 10. a 10. a 17. a 29. Feb. 1. ii 15. a 15. a 22. tt 27. Mar. 1. Mar. 3. . i 3. ii 9. ii 8. " 15. ii 15. "¦ 14. a 21. April 1. a 8. a- 16. a 4. May a 15. 27. " 28. June 12. May it 28. 30. June 2. a 19. July << 3. 3. i . 11. Sept. Aug. t . 19. 10.25. -t 29. _ - 30. Sept. 5. 2. t« 9. . . 10. Oct. 11. ii 18. ' tt 25. Nov. 1. a 7. ti 15. Dec. 5. . _ 10. tt 25. . . 27. . . 30. Jan. 1. tt 31. tt 31. 1 1 31. Feb. 5. tt 7. a 14. a 15. a 10. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 83 Reuben Swank and Martha Heaten, by John Morey, M. G. Croft Pilgrim and Susanna Swank, by John Morey, M.G. Samuel P. Shannon and Sarah E. Hazen, by John Morey, M. G. Thomas McNaught and Rachel E. Riggins, by Jacob Young, J. P. Joseph D. Taylor and Elizabeth AVard, by AV. M. Fuller"; J. P. Elijah Eagan and Luna Stevenson, by John Sargent, AI. G. Duncan Matheson and Catherine Buchanan, by Chas. Donoldson. Matthias A. Sturm and Matilda Sturm, by Jacob E. Jones, J. P. Robert Colwell and Abigail Vinson, by John Finley, J. P. Matthias Sturm and Eliza Stratten, by Jacob E. Jones, J. P. Isaac E . Dennis and Margaret L. Wiley, by John Morey, M.G. Herman Geisenheiner and Margaret Fall, by Alex. Moncrief. AVm . Ives and Julia A . Brown, by Myron H . Negus, J. P. Elijah McClenehan and Elizabeth AVilson, by James M. Rogers. Marshall Gustin and Mary Ann Ansman, by R. C. Dunn, M.G. McCandless Moffitt and Annie Moffet, by W. F. Vail, M.G. John Marshall and Eliza Patch, by Christian Brinkerhoff, M.G. John Eavans and Ann Briton, by John Moncrief, M. G. John AVood ward and Rebecca E. Shimey, byR. C. Dunn, M.G. Merritt Jamison and Sally Jay, by Isaac Thomas, J. P . John Elliss and Leanna Francis, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. John Davison and Mary Ellen Shull, by John Morey, M.G. Albert Ellsworth and Cornelia Elliott, by John Morey, M G. Cornelius Denham and Mary P. Buswell, by S. G. AVright, M. G. James Spillman and Sarah E. Athala, by A. G. Lucas, M.G. Henry Stofer and Nancy Jane Briton, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P. Horace A. Johnson and Amelia A. Creighton, by O: Brinkerhoff. Henry Colwell and Sarah Ann Vinson, by John Finley, J. P. Wm. Dunn and Susan Dorrance, by Jacob E. Jones, J. P. Geo.C. Boardman and Martha J. York, by H. R. Halsey, J. P. Jefferson Win and Olive Jane Beers, by C. Brinkerhoff, M. G. Israel Thurston and Rhoda Deats, by C. Brinkerhoff, M.G. Sylvester F. Otman and Emma Deuchfield, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Newton Shepler and Mandy Glen, by Sands Perkins, J. P. Samuel Ponwell and Olive Leighton, by Alex. Moncrief, J . P . Gideon G. Goodale and Mary Ann Sweet, by C. Brinkerhoff. John Mills and Georgianna Stygle, by AVashington Trickle, J. P. Wm. H. Worley and Sarah F. Armstrong, by Wm. R. Stowe. Harris Miner and Mary Burd, by W. Haney, M. G. Adam Dick and Mary Pumersey, by AV. Haney, M. G. John Collison and Christianna Reeder, by Samuel G. AVright. Jonathan Nicolas and Emily Humphrey, by A. G. Lucas, M. G. Wm. Winn and Nancy Sheffer, by Wm. Haney, M. G. 1856.' Morgan Risedorph and Francis Avery, by John B. Fast, Al. G. W. H. Davidson and R. J. Hazen, by Wm. Haney, M. G. John AVest and Caroline Lacy, by Jacob Young, J. P. Abner Alday and Edith Dixon, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Wm. P. Fenn and Lucy J. Wooden, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Vincent Tapp and Catherine Stargell, by AV. Trickle, J. P. Elias AVilcox and Clarissa Sillaman, by II. T. Ives, J. P. John Miller and Sarah Shuts, by David McCance, J. P. Benj. Newton and Sarah Roberts, by Wm. G. Gordon, M. G. 84 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Jesse Vinson and Diana Hickman, by S. W. Bates, M. G. John R. Jones and Louisa Jane Stacy, by J. E. Jones, J. P. George Ludlum and Sarah R. Sturm, by Peter Sturm, M. G. Edward P. AVright and Alma J. Wright, by S. G. Wright, M. G. Berien Snyder and Clarissa Buck, by Samuel G. Wright, M. G. James J. Dickey and Caroline Jones, by W. Trickle, J. P. Newton Carter and Amy McDanel, by AVm. Haney, M. G. James Caneday and Margaret Sturdham, by D. McCance, J. P. Richard Hare and Elizabeth Fintz, by D. McCance, J. P. AVm. Sargent and Margaret Nelson, by M. P. King, M. G. Thomas Ryan and Mary Pixlar, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Henry Presler and Sarah Ann Gillett, by A. G. Lucas, M.G. Marcus D. Smith and Emiline Jordan, by James Buswell, J. P. Josiah Jaques and Isabell Pratz, by A. G. Lucas, M. G. William P. Bacon and T. S. Briggs, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. John Riley and Joannah Griffin, by Thomas Lynch, M. G. James Hartley and Ann Mellor, by William Beardsley, M. G. Thomas Zimm and Nancy M. AVheeler, by S. G. Wright, M. G. Gideon A. Barlow and Martha B. Peterson, by T. S. Bennett,M.G. Ezekiel Enniss and Polina Davis, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Fred. Kalzenberger and Frances V. Whiffen, by P. Case, M. G. John Wilder and Louisa AVood, by M. P. King, M. G. George W. Edwards and Mary M. Spellinan, by D. McCance, J.P. Calvin B. Proud and Nancy J. Graves, by D. McCance, J. P. Levi Hoppock and Sarah M. Davison, by S. G. Wright, M. G. Bennett C. Lee and Missouri Gunsaul, by C. Brinkerhoff, M. G. John AV. Jones and Susanna Ferbrache, by Jason Wells, M. G. Gideon D. Hitchcock and Sarah J. Shaver, by J. A. Pratt, J. P. Cyrus Jacobs and Elizabeth Jones, by W. H. Whitten, J. P. Jacob Dawson and Isabell Eby, by D. D. Firbrache, J. P. Brookens M. Strong and Lydia A. Sturdevant, by C. A. Hewitt. Abner Adkins and Mary Jane Bogard, by J. M. Rogers, J. P. Thomas Eagleston and Ann V. Ettis, by J. M. Rogers, J. P. Geo. S. Maynard and Esther A. Durgin, by Milton McDonald. AVm. H. Johnson and Lydia Sturm, by W. H, AVhitten, J. P. Harrison (Jox and Margaret Stricklen, by S. G. AVright, M. G. George AV. Reed and Phoebe D. Webster, by Peter Sturm, M. G. Joseph Buchanan and Sophia J. Truitt, by Rd. Dunning, M. G. Dan. Alward, Jr., and Amanda Rennick, Joshua J. Round and Columbia A. Riggin, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. John Adams and Sarah J. Ines, by W. Ii. Whitten, J. P. Jonas Johnson and Christine Anderson, by C. Brunkerhoff. Thomas Oliver and Jane Turnbull, by N. O. AVeede, M. G. S. R. Hazen and Mary J. Ban, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Solomon Dixon and Mary J. Pratt, by James M. Rogers, J. P. Ellis AVilson and Mary Jane Fredericks, by Jason Wells, M. G. AVm. Matthews and Lydia Brown, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Henderson Edwards and Matilda Mounts, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. Jas. Cummings and Catherine M. Sharer, by Milton McDonald. Wm. Thomas and Martha Ann Shaver, by Milton McDonald. Ohas. Telitson and E. L. Burd, by AVm. Haney, M. G. Chas. E. Stone and Fanny L. Huckings, byR. C. Dunn, M. G. Benj. A. Newton and Susanna Dunn, by J. E. Jones, J. P. Feb. 17. ii 21. ii 21. i i 25. it 28. Alar. 13. ii 13. a 18. 1 1 20. " 20. t. 27. t i 29. Apri. 1 1 110. 18. <> 17. . t 28. May a 8. 19. a 20. - 4 22. . i 25. tk' 25. June 11. *. t 28. July fe 4 4. 10. i i 14. 4 4 24. Aug. t i 3. 14. a 7. " 14. a 10. t , 24. Sept. 15. 10. Oct. 11. Sept. 17. Oct. 3. Sept. 4 4 28. 27. k' 30. Oct. 10, ** 10. 4 i 22. *» 21. . . 23. 4 4 24. t i 24. - - 30. Nov. 0. " JO. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 85 Nov. 6. AVm. Sill and Matilda Jane Jenkins, by P. S. Shaver, J. P. •' 6. Chas. Case and Lucinda Hill, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. " 9. Samuel Sturm and Aby Elstone. by Peter Sturm, M. G. " 17. Jeremiah Wilcox and Buthany Moats, by C. Brinkerhoff, AI. G. " 20. Zara K. Bennett and Lydia Seeley, by Jo. E. Jones, J. P. " 22. John Reed and Emiline Headley, by H. R. Halsey, J. P " 25. Thomas Cross and Sarah Harvey, by M. P. King/M. G. Dee. 11. Patrick Gavin and Margaret J. Farding, by Alex. Hochstrasser. " 16. Anna 0. More and Lydia A. Batchelor, by D. McCance, J.P. '• 21. Lewis J. Jordan and Catherine Sturm, by J. E. Jones, J. P. " J_l. Francis T. Brock way and Catherine J. Trickle, by AV . S. Bates. " 25. AVm. A. Knight and Mrs. Lovina Swift, by R. 0. Dunn, M.G. " 25. Andrew J. Barns and Sarah Barren, by D. McCance, J.P. •' 28. Nelson C. Shaver and Content Chapman, by A. Taylor, J. P. 1857. Jan. 1.. Lochlin Buchanan and Christina McCleniian, by R. C. Dunn, " 1. Leonard S Severance and Eunice 0. Geer, by Milton McDon ald, M.G. " — . Henry AVald and Jane Frazer, . " 6. James Prather and Ann Johnson, by J. Ferguson, M.G. " 7. James Roberts and Laura Fredericks, by Jason Wells, M. G . 8. Lafayette Dunbar and Almira AVells, by D. McCance,' J. P. " 11, Aaron A. Garnor and Harriet AVilliams, byD. McCance, J. P. " 20. Peter Suavely and Catherine Conner, by D. AlcCance, J. P. " 22. Samuel McAughean and Mary Fell, by D. McCance, J.P. •' 29. AVm. Round and Mary Jane Reed, by Abner Mason, M. G. " 31. AVm. AV. Atkius and'Sylvina C. Hurlbert, by Peter S. Shaver. ¦' 29. John K. Mealman and Jane Hoar, by D. McCance, J. P Feb. 19. John Rarick and Esther Alward, by \V. Haney, M. G. 12. Roger Greenough and Alary Sabins, by Isaac Thomas, J. P. " 12. Zenas Justice and Catherine Morgan, by David AlcCance, J. P. Daniel Kelley and Ann Flinn. married at Catholic Mission. Joseph Dyress and Hanna Crosby. 25. F. A. Jones and Marie Lacy, by Wm.' Haney, Al. G. 26. Wm. Reed and Alary Gingrich, by W. S. Bates, AI. G. 20. Albert Rouse and Harriet Ray, by J. M. Rogers, J. P. March 8. John Demuth and Sarah AVhipley, by J. Packer, M. G. 7. Edward Bliss and Margaret R. Clarson, by D. McCance, J. P, •' 12. Benj. Brown and Maria Kane, by H. T. Ives, J. P. •• 12. AVm'. Baton and Matilda M. Damon, by AV. S. Bates, M. G. '¦ 19. Eli O. Jones and Susan J, Moore, by C. A. Iiewett, M. 0. " 19. Andrew Stevenson and Martha Ann Johnson, by Mellon P. King. " 26. Jacob Overlander and Abigail Case, by W. Trickle, J. P. John C Eckley and Mary J. Wardin. April 9. Jonas Eltzrath and Maria Ridgeway, by \l. C. Dunn, M. G. " 13. Henry ('. Shull and Lucy Ann Graves, by AV. S. Batewell, M.G. 19. Henrv Greenawalt and Maria Colwell, Dy D. AlcCance, J. P. May 3. George Barber and Sarah J. Kirkpatrick. by W. II. AVhitten, J. P. 0. Henry Ingram and Jane Wrigley, by J. M. Rogers, J. P. " 20. S. S. "Stephens and Alary J. Sturtevant, by Alven Abbott, M. G. 22. Sandford M. AVhittington and Eliza J. Armstrong, by I). Alc Cance, J. P. 27. David Courier and Caroline K. C. Patridge, byR. C. Dunn, M.G. S6 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Juue 2. Benjamin Turner and Ruth A. Mvers. bv R. O. Dunn, M. G. 12. Morris Fowler and Elizabeth Hamilton." bv R. C. Dunn. M. G. " 23. Franklin Rhodes and Catherine AI. Wood. bvS. G. Wright. M.G. July 3. Elias Eby and Elizabeth Cox, by W. S. Bates. M. G. 9. George Oziah and Rachel A. Barnbill, by W. Haney. AI. G. 8. Stephen A. Mnnson and Sarah Ann Hotchkiss, by James Fer guson. M. G. 12. Russell C. Briggs and Percy Weaver, by W. W. Joues. M. G. 12. Martin Kerau and Alary S. Langford, byE. Ransom. Jr.. AL G. Aug. 15. Alichael Flynn and Johanna Hogan. by Rev. Peter Corcoran. •• 20. Leonard Wolf and Catherine Lane, by Jacob Young. J. P. Aug. 20. John White and Lena Banewey. by W. F. Vaill. M. G. 23. John Young and Julia Aun Vines, by A. Taylor, J. P. •• 23. Jacob Morrison and Phebe A. Johnson, by John Finley, J. P. Sep. 1. John O'Grady aud Elleu Farrell, by Rev. John O'Gara. 3. AVilson Price and Caroline E. Sipes. by Rev. Wm. Haney. 9. Alichael MeCarty and Fanny Martin, married at Catholic Mis. 11. George W. Dunbar and Eunice Broughton, by D. AlcCance. J. P. 20. Thomas Wilson and Sarah Shade, by Jas. AL Rodgers. J. P. 17. Farquhar Bain and Jenet McDonald, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. 23. Gns. L. Goodale and Clarissa Jackson, by Jacob W. Rodgers, J. P. 21. Theo. Truman and Alary Matthews, by James Ferguson. M. G. 22. Henry H. Oliver and Alary Alurchison, by David A. Wallace. M. G. Oct. 1. Darius S. Wiley and Alary Ann Aten, by E. Ransom. AI. G. Sep. 24. Robt. J. Dickenson and Lauraitte M. Chapman, by R. C. Dunn. 27. David 0. Toothaker and Catherine E. White, by Jacob Young. 27. Francis Kline and Margaret O'Neal, by Rev. Thomas O'Gara. 27. James Greenough and Sarah Bash, by Sylvester F. Ottman, J. P. Oct. 1. Wm. S. Hiner and Betsy Twiss, by Rev. James Ferguson. 3. John C. Gore and Mary Ann Gage, by Rev. Amos Morey. 11. AVm. A. Boyer and Elizabeth J. Cooper, by Rev. A. J. Jones. 21. Freeman Besett and Mahala Dorrance. by C. W. Wood, J. P. 14. Wm. Drummond aud Ellen Timmons, by D. D. Ferbrache, J.P. 15. Herman Page and Rachel Hodgson, by E. Ransom, M. G. 17. John Hazen aud Eliza Anthony, by James Ferguson. AI. G. 28. Seth Davison and Alarv E. Donovan, bv E. Ransom, M. G. Nov. 2. Henrv S. Stone and Martha L. Staev. bv R. C. Dunn. M. G. 3. Jephthah E. Tucker and Kachel R. Todd, by Amos Morey, AI. G. 3. Leonard 0. Drawver aud Elma J. Rickev. bv C. D. Fuller, J. P. '.>. Alex. Y. Fuller and Amv Breese. bv C. D. Fuller. J. P. 3. John AV. Tuttle and Maria J. Fleming, by R. 0. Dmm. AI. G. 8. C. N. Banes and Nancv Fowler, bv A. Abbott. AI. G. ¦• 11. Lewis Williams and Alary Alexander, by C. D. Fuller. J. P. 11. Nelson Jones and Sarah Munson. by R. C. Dunn. AI. G. Nov. 23. Frank Walk and Hannah Nortman. by Rev. Father Griffith. 19. George F. Dexter and Laura Miner, by Rev. Amos Morey. 19. Thomas A. Foster and Maria J. Winslow, by Rev. A. Abbott. 20. Charles Wilson and Julia Alix, by Rev. A. H. Lewis. 20. Warren Chaffee and J. Proud, by John Finley. J. P. — T. Warrington and Charlotte Masters. License issued Nov. 26. Dec 1. John S. Aloffit and Alelvina I. Bunnell, by A. J. Jones, M. G. 20. James Eagleston and Almeda Whitman, by Rob. AI. Bocock. J. P. 24. Lafayette Gray and Lydia E. Alorey, by E. Summers, AI. G. 0. Feb. 25. p. Alar. 14. ¦' 16. G. " 15. • 17. •'• is. •• 23. ¦'¦' 25. •• 25. •• 30. April 4. ••' 0. i, p. •••• 14. ••• 4. May 11. 6 MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. ^7 Dec. 20. John Cole and Mary A. Rowell, by James AI. Rogers. J. P. " 19. Jackson Church and Julia Hotchkiss, bv John Finlev. J. P. " 22. Dewitt Stevens and Alarv Welsie, bv David McCance.' J. P. ¦• 31. H. P. Grant and L. AV. Norton, by R. C. Dunn. AI. G. 31. Thomas D. Church and Sarah White, bv Amos D. Alorev. AL (7. ¦¦ 31. Zura Hall and Harriet E. Bower, by R.'C. Dunn, AI. 0. 24. _.athan C. Bolin and Lucinda A. Harlow, by John Finley, J. P. I 1858. Jan. 1. Champlin Lester and Ann McReath, by J. N. Graham, AI. G. " 2. James Kennedy and Hannah Shoekley. by Jacob Young, J. P. 7. Thomas Alday and Alartha Dixon, by James AI. Rogers. J. P. •' 12. Isaac X. Tidd and Elizabeth Green, bv A. J. Jones. AI. G. " 10. P. Resedorpk and Mahala Boardman ." bv W. H. AVhitten. J. P. " 10. Chas. H. Fuller and Theda Gillette, bv J. W. Rogers, J. P. •• 17. R. E. Westfall and Sarah Ann Woods," by E. Ransom, AI. G. 14. AV. S. Hixon aud Melissa Lutes, by Alyron H. Negus, AI. G. •' 14. Alichael A'anaky and Melinda Riley, by C. D. Fuller, J. P. 15. Franklin J. Bush and Abba Gillett. 23. Henry Scott and Catherine Turnbull, by John N. Graham. 27. David Lyon and Alary Jordan, by W. B. Harris. M. G. Feb. 4. Benj. F Gharrett and Eliza Griffin, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. 5. John H. Turnbull and Alary Armstrong, by J. AI. Graham. 5. Andrew AI. Ewing and Phebe Briggs, by W. H. Jones, AI. G. " 5. Alilton Alorrow and Lvdia Briggs. bv AV. H. Jones. AI. G. 7. Asher AV. Avery and Alartha Rickey* by C. D. Fuller, J. P. John Alurchison and Jemima Chisholm, J. AI. Graham, AI. G. John T. Thornton and Helen Lyle, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. David Colwell and Eliza Lpdyke, by Jacob Young, J. P. Oliver Smith and Eliza Warren, by C. AI. AVright, AI. G. David J. Curtis and Harriet E. DeAvev, by Phila. Chase, AI. G. Luther J. Alcllvain and Eliza Ridgeway. by A. J. Jones. AL G. Adolphus Ribley and Ellen Eagleston, by J. AI. Rogers, J. P. Asa A. Bunton and Alary Lyle, by R. C. Dunn, J. P. C. D. Hichell and Alargaret Sturm, by Bernard AVagner, AI. G. David R. Gilvin and Eunice AI. Trickle, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. Alfred AI. Snyder Aland ary E. Hayes, by C. Brinkerhoff, AI. G. Anthony Dennis and Betsy Piester. AA". H. Adams and Sarah J. Anthonv. bv .las. Ferguson. AI. G. Harvy B. Harris and Alary J. Wall, by A. J. Jones, AL G. Bethuel Parrish and Eliza Strayer, by James Ferguson, AL G. Joseph H. Cox and Nancy Wilkinson, by David AI. Cance, J. P. Ira F. Dewey and Isabella Knapp, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. David Tinlin and Sarah E. Armstrong, by E. Ransom, AL G. David Crumb and Alary Headley. by I). AlcCance, J. P. Joseph Robb and Agnes Alurnan, by A. J. Jones. AI. G. H.N. AleConaughy and Ann X. White, by Jacob W. Rogers. Joel Hester and Lydia Ann Hodgson, by Amos Alorev. AI. G . Wm. Dixon and Hannah Wright, by S. F. Ottman, J.P. Allen T. Parrett and Alaria Nichols, by A.J. Jones, AI. G George Van Pelt and Amanda AI. Brown, by E. Summers, Edward J. Wyman and Susan E. Bradford, by J. H. Anthony. Anson H. Curtis and Elizabeth Imes. by Jas. AI. Rogers, J. P. Robert Crowl and Airs. Eliza Todd, by Amos Alorev, AI. G. . - 18. 18. Feb. 21. Alar. 11. Feb. 28. 25. Alar. 14. ¦> May June 22.10. a 10. a 9. a 20. a 27. i t 27. July tt 1. 3. a 4. ii 4. ii 8. ii 11. Sept. July a 14. 15. 25. Aug. ii 1. 6. ii 8. ii 8. a 16. ii 26. Sept. it 2. 11. it 4. t i 7. a 23. a 21. et 19. ii 27. ft 23. . t 30. ii 30. Oct. 2. ii 9. a 14. it, 17. ii 23. i i 23. i t 21. '< 25. it 27. 4'4 31. it 22. Nov. 4. .' , 3. t. 0. '• 25. "' 28. " 20. •' 30. Dec. 1. " 4. HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. James Buckley and Susanna Mills, by A . J . Jones, M.G. Wm. H. Ely and Almira Summerman, by Jacob Young, J. P. Robt. H. Worley and Margaret Anthony, by Jas. Ferguson, M. G. Geo. Shotzen and Ruth A. Drummond, by James M. Rogers. Jno. Snethen and Christina C. Benedict, by Peter Sturm, M. G. Spencer Cox and Rebecca Lamb, by Jacob Young, J. P. David P. Winter and Nancy Haxon, by Jacob W. Rogers, J. P. AV. H. Turnbull and Margaret Turnbull, by J. M. Graham, M. G. George Jackson and Margaret Colthar, by J. M. Rogers, J. P. Jos. E. Loring and Mildred L. Johnson, by Wm. McDermand. Roswell Jordan and Rebecca Cade, by Peter Sturm, J. P. George Phenix and Susan Jane Drawyer, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Josiah Cogall and Tacy Graves, by John Finley, J. P. Thomas V. Olmsted and Sarah A. Sherwood, by Geo. F. Hill. Augustus Kelsey and Anne J. Hodgson, by D. McCance, J. P. Noah Springer and Eve Gingrich, by B. Wagner, M. G. Henry B. Dorrance and Mary E. Powell, by Chancy D. Fuller. Dennis Lee and Elizabeth F. Garrison, by D. McCance, J. P. Humphrey Avery and Emma J. Davison, by C. D. Fuller, J. P. Elias L. Emery and Mary E. Lowman, by J. Ferguson, M. G. John G. Turnbull and Helen Scott, by D. McCance, J. P. Chas. N. Crook and Helen R. Goodrich, by R. McBocock, J. P. Nelson Allen and Margaret Lindsey, by John Finley, J. P. John Morris and Catherine Schanck, by S. F. Otman, J. P. Benj. Cleveland and Melissa Thirston, by M. P. King, M. G. Peter Peterson and Christina Nelson, by Jacob AV. Rogers, J. P. Walter B. Bettis and Mary F. Jay, by John Snethen, J. P. Edward Cleveland and Caroline Bangs, by David McCance, J. P. John AV. Riggs and Jane Stowe, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Isaac Nicholas and Martha Humphreys, by James M. Rogers. John A. Leeson and Margaret A. Coon, by Joseph P. Gilbert. Richard Hight and Ann Bunnell, by C. D. Fuller, J. P. John Brooks and Judith A. Hall, by D. McCance, J. P. Peter C. Johnson and Martha Vixel, by Amos Morey, M. G. Charles B. Foster and Charles by Alvin Abbott, M. G. John Jackson and Polina A. Mahony, by E. Ransom, AI. G. James H . Hickok and Harriet L . Pomeroy, by Isaac L . Hart . Darius Dermand and Sarah A. Hiner, by James Ferguson, M. G. Charles Rhodes and Caroline Cram, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G . Joseph Ridle and Mary Bennett, by T. S. Bennett, M.G. Alason Stofer and Candace Stine, by R. C. Dunn, M. G . David Gumming and Mary A. Anthony, by Amos Morey, M.G. William Calhoun and Mary J. Stanley, by Amos Morey, M. G. Andrew Anderson and Christiana Pierson, by Amos Morey, M. G. Elias Muller and Lucy Redding, by A. G. Gridley, J. P. James D. Ballentine and Rhoda Walter, by Jacob W. Rogers. James B. Russell and Mary J. Bevier, by Alvin Abbott, M. G. Isaac Grant and Harriet Snyder, by Al. H. Negus, M. G. Wm. II. Harris and Anna Harmon, by AV. II. Whitten, J. P. Esthner Rounds and Eliza Smeggs, by Jacob AV. Rogers, J. P. Andrew J. Brodi and Sarah R. Stedham, by J. T. Linthicum. Eli Ferris and Nancy J. Fitch, by Peter Sturm, M. G. Richard Hill and Lucy A. Stiles, by George F. Hill, M. G. Dec. 16. ii 23. i i 8. ii 9. it 15. a 18. a 23. % i 23. i i 23. a 30. Jan. 4. i i 6. i t 10. a 20. " 30. Feb. 6. 4 t 13. a 16. a 22. i t 24. Alar. 2. 4 4 3. a 13. a 23. April 14. 4< 16. a 20. a 20. a 24. May a 1. 28. June 6. 9. a 21. it 30. July a 3. 3. >' 11. Aug. 5. 15. ft 18. ii 23. * * 31. Sept. 1. 1. ¦• 4. Sept. a 11.15. 4 f 11. "'"' 25. ii 29. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 89 John Rickey and Rebecca A. Speers, by S. P. Kezerta, AI. G. James A. Goodrich and Leah Redding, by W. II. Whitten, J. P. Simon Dixon and Sarah Bateman, by AV. J. Smith, AL G. Aaron Smith and Lydia Dalrymple, by P. S. Shaver, J. P. John Alartin and Jane B. Fowler, bv R. C. Dunn, AI. G. Wm. AVright and Ellen Jarvis, by S* F. Otman, J. P. Charles H. Lake and Alary A. Boice, by Jacob AV. Rogers, J. P. George AV. Scott and Alary C. Cox. by W. J. Smith, AI. G. Alex. Headley and Hannah Rhodes, by Thos. S. Bennett, AI. G. Jesse S. Atherton and Lois Grant, by AI. H. Negus, AI. G. 1859. John C. Laurence and Martha Crawford, by A. H. Hepperly. A'alentine B. Thornton and Lodema E. Rhodes, by R. C. Dunn. John O'Neil and Catherine AIcKiggins, by Father O'Gara, AI. G. Andrew Stone and Eliza C. Clark, by Alvin Abbott, AI. G. John Buchanan and Emeline Beers, by M. H. Negus, AI. G. Timothy E. Bailey and Sophia E. Smith, bv Sylvester F. Otman. John Weir and Jennette E. Fell, by J. A. McCulleh, J. P. Cornelius Stevenson and Tyrilla Bedford, by D. McCance, J. P. John Pilgrim and Isabella Coleman, by A. H. Hepperly, M. G. Soloman Dixon and Mary F. Bateman, by W. J, Smith, AI. G. Ephraim N. Pardee and Sarah Stone, by A. Wedge, AI. G. Walter T. Hall and Emily Shinn, by A. H. Heperly, AI. G. John Arernon and Aurora Aladearis, by Peter Sturm, AI. G. N. AA' right Dewev and Harriet P. Dewey, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. Nelson G. Gill and Missouri E. AVhitford, by Elisha Gill, Al. G. John Corkhill and Annie Quayle, by Jacob AV. Rogers, J. P. Leander H. Hewitt and Hannah AV. Morey, by George F. Hill. Samuel Bolt and Alary Snell, by C. D. Fuller, J. P. William Lopeman and Lydia A. Freeland, by Jas. Buswell, J. P. John H. Oliver and Lizzie C. Poole, by A. H. Hepperly, M. G. Orson B. Stowell and Harriet R. Church, by A. H. Hepperly. Theo. T. McDaniel and Sarah Curfman, by James M. Rogers. Cuthbert Blakely and Melinda Price, by James M. Rogers, J. P. John Maxfield and Sarah Shockley, by C. Brinkerhoff, AI. G. Chester W. Woodman and Ann Porter, by W. H. AVhitten, J. P Benjamin S. Hall and Juliet Truitt, by W. H. Whitten, Ai. P. John Seeley and Sarah Willison, by W. J. Smith, AI. G. Joseph Slott and Alary Blewer, by Elijah S. Brodhead, P. Al. Alichael Gallagher and Catherine Clifford, by Rev . AV. H. Power. William Taylor and Catherine AlcCarty, by Francis Loomis, J. P. John Green and Maria E. Gentry, by Jacob Young, J. P. Orvill Baker and Martha Given, by Jacob AAT. Rogers, J. P. • Jasper M. Alorris and Catherine E. Bolt, by J. W. Smith, AI. G. David J. Welch and Elizabeth Jones, ¦ Thomas J AVright and Ann Moncrieff, by Rev. R. C. Dunn. Simon Peter Smith and Elmira Stevens, by David McCance, J. P. Simpson Syfert and Sarah A. Newton, by James B. ChenoAveth. David Jones and Harriet Leseur, by W. S. Bates, M. G. Albert AI. Oliver and Alary D. Griffin, by John L. Scott, Al. G. David S. Miller and Alargaret A. Cross, by AA'm. Leggett, Al. G. Samuel Smith and Nancy Ellison, by W. S. Bates, M. G. Wm. Headley and Emily R. Rhodes, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. 90 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Harvey 0. Sluyter and Melvina McDaniel, by Jacob W. Rogers. Mathusaleh Bevier and Eliza F. Foster, by A. Abbott, M. G. Thomas Proctor and Melita Armstrong, by Elijah S. Brodhead. Harlan Craig and Minerva Jane Nelson, by John Snethen, J. P. John Jackson and Ellen Flanagan, by E. S. Brodhead, Pol. Jus. Alfred Edwards and Harriet A. Clark, by A. Abbott, M. G. David Barrett and Mary McSherry, by James M. Rogers, J. P. Henry Olmsted and Celestia Aten, by Jacob Matthews, M. G. James Coleman and Charlotte Kane, by Jacob Matthews, M. G. Jacob Vandike and Mary E. Blood, by C. H. Case, M. G. Amos Hodge and Hattie E. Hood, by Samuel OrdAvay, M. G. Felix Inman and Sarah A. Cole, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Charles 0. Wilson and Laura A. Earle, by E. S. Brodhead, Mag. Benj. G. Homer and Catherine Winters, by C. D. Fuller, J. P. Clark AVooden and Mary Jackson, by James M. Rogers, J. P. Silas R. Swarts and Nancy Ely, by Thos. S. Bennett, M. G. Eel. H. Champion and Hannah A. Drawyer, by Ii. B. Foskett. John M. Brown and Maggie R. HaAvks, by Andrew J. Jones. Charles Dickinson and Lydia A. Church, by Thomas S. Bennett. Geo. Colwell and Sarah Barr, by John II. Anthony, J. P. Robt. Smith and Sally A. Schockley, by John li. Anthony, J. P. Sam. D. Lindley and Sarah 0. Hixinbattgh, by Jacob AV. Rogers. Wm. Shepley and Catherine Myers, by W. J. Smith, M. G. Thomas L. Coll well and Ellen Nicholas, by AV. S. Bates, M. G. John Sidner and Phebe Libbey, by Jacob Young, J. P. August C. Bergman and Catherine M. Johnson, by J. AV. Rogers. James F. Thompson and Alargaret A. Todd, by Jacob Matthews. Henry J. Otman and Carrie Hall, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Micagy Swiger and Eliza Sturm, no record. 1860. Oliver R. Newton and Abbee-H. Pettee, by Samuel Ordway. Samuel Smeggs and Mahetable Rhodes, by Jacob W. Rogers. Thomas T. Wright and Nancy J. Dawson, by Robt. McCutchen. Henry Garner and Tabitha Stevenson, by M. P. King, AI. G. Wm. Blake and Matilda Spillman, by AV. H. Whitten, J. P. John Kelley and Ellen Carr, by Rev. AV alter H. Power. David AVoodard and Orritta Rhodes, by J. L. Hawkins, V. D. M. Seth F. Rockwell and Hannah E., AVoodard, by J. L. Hawkins. Samuel White and Nancy A. Jones, by John Finly, J.P. James AV. Ratliffe and Olive Rouse by James M. Rogers, J. P. James Truitt and Prudence A. Drake, by Jas. M. Rogers, J. P. James Tucker and Hannah N. Six, by E. S. Broadhead, P. M. . Henry Emery and Hannah Emery, by James E. Gaston, M. G. John II. Lane and Lydia A. Hall, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Henry M. Hall and Anna A. Hubbard, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. ' " ' ' ' " G.G. Lucy A. Graves, by AV. S. Bates, AI. G. Bradford F. Thompson, and Eliza A. Bevier, by Alvin Abbott. John AV. Smith and Almira A. A'edder, by James Sheldon, M. G. Almon W. AVilder and Mary A. Coleman, by S. C. Humphrey. Lewis AV. Williams and Mary Atherton, byR. 0. Dunn, M. G. John E. Gharrett and Harriet Ii. Holgate, by J. L. Scott, M. G. Oct. 9, tt 11. ii 8, it 9. ii 19, it 23. ii 26. a 29, Nov. 1. tt 6, f 4 3, f f 6 ii 5, ii 18, i 4 10 ii 15. 4 . 20. ft 17. 4'f 17, ii 20. a 19. a 24. it 24. Dec. 11 <•'*' 17. a 27. a 27. a 31. a 17. Jan. 4. tt 1. tt 1. tt 5. . t 15. Feb. 5. ii 1. ii 1. i t 7. i i 12. it 8. i i 13. 4 i 22. ft 23. Mar. 1. , t 0. " 8. •• 8. Apr. 4. Mar. 21. it 22. . 4 28. Apr. 4. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 91 Wm. Kincade and Margaret Kermeen, by J. W. Rogers, J. P. Samuel E. AVhite and Mary A. Marlin, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. David K. Michael and Susan Sturm, by C. H. Case, M. G. George Ely and Carrie Johnson, by D. McCance, J. P. Amasa Sawyer and Rebecca D. Sawyer, by R. C. Dunn, AL G. Frank G. Drew and Sophia L. Clark, by R. 0. Dunn, M. G. Chas. McCumsey and Alary E. Godfrey, by J. W. Rogers, J. P. John D. Essex and Mary J. Gierhart, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Geo. E. Mercer and Harriett Ballard, by J. W. Rogers, J. P. Lewis Ii. Kerns and Mary M. Kern, by Syl. F. Otman, J. P. George Kerns and Alice Wrigley, by AV. J. Smith M. G. Jas. D. Lundy and Alartha A. Mathews, by John Morey, M. G. Amos Bennett and Hannah Bunton, by D. McCance, J. P. Berry Edmiston and Delila Shenefelt, by J. L. Scott, M. G. John T. Eagleston and Eliza AVrigley, by W. J. Smith, M. G. John Maine and Abi. AV. Eagen, by M. P. King, M. G. Edward AV. SteAvart and Hannah Craft, by John Finley, J. P. John L. Jennings and Mary J. Collins, by E. S. Broadhead, J. P. Jerome B. Thomas and Harriet N. R. Tasker, by R. C. Dunn. Samuel AV. Eagaii and Sarah E. AViley, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Stephen Young and Clarista Lorman, by Henry Allen, M. G. John Jackson and Eliza A. Montooth, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Erasttts Stanton and Martha Armstrong, by E. S. Brodhead. Charles Brown and Hannah A. York, by E. S. Brodhead. AVilliam Wilson and Lois Sweet, by E. Ransom, M. G. John McKenzie and Hectorina McGregor, by W. F. Vaill, M. G. Robert AV. Hall and Sarah A. Olmsted, by E. S. Brodhead. Joab Nicholas and Alcinda Colwell, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Charles AAr. Carter and Sarah Carter, by Samuel Orclway, M. G. James Greenough and Alary A. Fraser, by D. McCance, J. P. AVilliam Atkinson and Hannah Robson, by J. M. Graham, M. G. William K. Morgan and Mary J. Winter, by E. S. Brodhead. James 0. Williamson and Emilene Wilson, by C. II. Case, M. G. Moses H. AVeaver and ATirginia Clark, by C. A. Hewitt, M. G. George Graen and Isabella Fell, by J. M. Graham, M. G. AAllliam Wilson and Mary E. Falconer, by Jacob Matthews. Rachel Ii. Todd and Margaret Brangle, by A. J. Wright, M. G. Jasper Taylor and Eliza Ann Pyle, by AVilliam Leggett, M. G. Dewitt C. Green and Almira Greenough, by E. S. Brodhead. Adam S. Mttrchison and Nancy Fuller, by John M. Graham. AArm. Slick and Mahala Harrott, by E. S. Brodhead, Magistrate. John B. Kay and Mary Currier, by William Leggett, M. G. Nathan D. Stewart and Julia C. Kenyon, by John Snethen, J. P. William A. AVooden and Martha F. Allison, by J. Woodward. Aug. S. Thompson and Sarah Fowler, by C. H. Case, M. G. Geo. A. Dudley and Sarah E. Dudley, by Issaac L. Hart, J. P. Gavin L. Renwick and Mary Harvey, by Joseph Woodward. Rufus Woodcock and Olive Green, by E. S. Brodhead, Mag. James B. Matthews and Susannah M. Matthews, by J. Matthews. David Murray and Susannah M. Turnbull, by John M. Graham. Patrick Smith and Jane Flanigan, by Catholic Missioner. 1861. Jan. 1. James Martin and Mary E. Nichols, by G. F. Hill, M. G. Apr. 30. May a 3.8. a 9. it 12. tt 26. tt 28. a 29. June 10. tt 17. a 24. July ii 3. 4. i i 18. ii 22. Aug.July Aug. 2. 25. 13. Sept. Aug. 0. 30. Sept. t i 2. 10. a 12 a 12. a 23. Oct. 4. a 4. Sept. Oct. 30. 9. ft 8. f f 13. ii 24. it 28. Nov. 14. Oct. 31. Nov. 2. a 8. a 8. a 11. a 19. a 19. a 25. a 20. tt 22. a 28. Dec. 2. a 2. a 11. a 20. tt 20. a 7. 92 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Jan. 9. Charles L. Lane and Mary E. Finley, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. " 13. Charles F. Blood and Rachel A. Sturm, by Peter Sturm, M. G. " 13. Wm. Rhodes and Betsy Rounds, by Isaac L. Hart, J. P. " 17. Thomas Zinn and Sarah A. AVilson, by Jacob W. Rogers, J. P. " 19. Dix Ryan and Sarah Smith, by R. C. Dunn, J. P. " 23. Colburn J. Robbins and Sarah M. Bennett, by E. S. Brodhead, Magistrate. " 24. Daniel Mcintosh, and Mary E. Riggan, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. " 27. Carlos Miner and Laura Pomeroy, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. " 28. Frederick Hartsock and Sinthey Carpenter, by D. McCance, J. P. Feb. 7. Presley Terrell and Lavena R. Curfman, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. " 13. Orlando 11. Brace and Lucy Hudson, by I. I. Fleharty, M. G. " 14. Jacob M. Jones and Catherine Atherton, by Jacob Young, J. P. " 14. Elisha Elston and Maria Rickey, by W. J. Smith, M. G. " 14. Royal J. Curtiss and Achsa Rhodes, R. C. Dunn, M. G. " 14. James M. Virtue and Elizabeth Chandler, by John Finley, J. P. ¦' 14. Artemus E. Ewers and Anna D. Hochstrasser, by E. S. Brod head, P. Mag. " 17. Orastus Alden and Salome Rhodes, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. " 21. James P. Headley and Gate Kindle, by I. L. Hart, J. P. " 24. Harmon Imes, and Lydia Shade, by James Snare, J. P. " 26. Benjamin Aby and Prinnah Ii. Bodine, by M. P. King, M. G. Mar. 3. Cyrus Avery and Phebe Newton, by James B. Ohenoweth, M. G. " 5. James Shrouf and Charlotte Bunnell, by Syl. F. Otman, J. P. " 13. John Finley and Sarah Adams, by W. J. Smith, M. G. " 14. Nathaniel Kissell and Martha P. Burns, bv Wm Leergett, M. G. " 17. Geo. Strayer and TJrena L. Parrish, by A." J. Wright, M.' G. " 17. Allen M. Pierce and Mary W. Thomas, by Jacob Matthews, M. G. " 20. Charles Plummer and Louisa Callwell, by E. S. Brodhead, P. Mag. " 24. Morris Kirkpatrick and Hannah A. Elston, by Peter Sturm, M. G. " 30. Michael Plankeal and Francis Williams, by U. J. Giddings, M. G. April 2. Asa Currier and Mary L. King, by AVm. Leggett, M. G. " 7. Spencer S. Elston and Polly M. Sturm, by Peter Sturm, M. G. " 13. Hiram D. Sturm and Catherine A. Williams, by Peter Sturm, " 17. Phillip AVebber and Caroline Ames, Jacob Mathews, M. G. " 28. Edwin Youngkin and Matilda Hart, by U. P. Aten, M. G. " 29. Robt. G. AVilliams and Labella Hollingshead, by E. S. Brod head, P. Mag. May 1. John Oolgan and Maria Goldsberry. No record. " 1. James S. Patterson and Margaret J. Rule, by D. A. Wallace. " 8. AVilson Trickle and Elizabeth J. Miller, by E. Ransom, M. G. " 9. George W. Miller and Mana Cross, by Jacob Matthews, M. G. " 22. Alex. Growl and Mary J. Espey, by J. M. Graham, M. G. " 23. Stephen A. Cornish and Isabella Marlin, by J. M. Graham, M. G. " 23. David 0. Dufur and Elizabeth Drunim, by R. C. Dunn. AI. G. June 10. 1). S. Main and Rebecca Coon, by W. J. Smith, M. G. " 27. ( Christian South and Susanna Strayer, by Joseph S. AVilliams, J. P. July 4. Walter Lyle and Julia A. Ferris, 'by R. C. Dunn, M. G. 3. John Shaver and Mary P. Green man, by Jacob Matthews, M. G. 4. Nathan B. Foster and Clara L. AVethersby, by J. B. Russell, J. P. " 3. John Fowler and Sarah E. Norris, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. 4. Alichael Alderman and Jayey E. Colwell, by W. S. Bates, M. G. July f f 27. 28, Aug. it 7. 19. tt 26. Sept. it 5. 5. a 9. a 12, a 12. a 12. a 19, a 24, *< 25. tt 20. a 26, Oct. 1. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 93 Warren AVilliams and Eliza C. Perry, by R. C. Dunn, M.G. William Eby and Lovina Hull, by David Wheffin. J. P. Franklin Pross and Margaret E. Pruitt, by Jacob Matthews. Joseph P . Hall and Jane Oarse, by Wm . L . Leggett, M.G. Roswell F. Woodworth and Charlotte E. VanVelsen, by AVm. Colwell, M.G. Eugene M. Gallup and MaryE. Merchant, by A. J. Wright. Shepherd P . AVestphall and Elizabeth Aumick, by E . S . Brod head, P. Mag. AVm . J . Gamel and Anna J . AVave, by E . S . Brodhead, P . M. Harry C. Johnson, and Susan Todd, by A. J. Wright, M. G. David H. Robbins and Martha Cole, by E. S. Brodhead, P. M. Matthews Gillan and Jennette Graham, by C. A. Hewitt, M.G. Edward S . Force and Eliza Aten, by W . J . Smith, M.G. Joseph Curtiss and Mary E . Farding, by Jacob Matthews, M.G. Hiram Parrish and Martha J . Hoppock, by J . A . Pratt, P.M. Samuel G . Scranton and Julette J . AVestfall, by E . S . Brod head, P. Mag. Lawrence McNamee and Martha Armstrong, by D . McCance . Henry B . Upton and Jannet Scott, by I . M . Graham, M.G. 8. Whitfield D. Matthews and Mary A. Chaddock, by W. J. Smith, M. G . " 13. Daniel S. Thurston and Olarinda McKinniss, by E. S. Brod head, P. Mag. " 17. Samuel A. Fitch and Mary E. McDaniel, by D. McCance. " 24. Walter M. Dexter and Alida J. Bennett, by Edward Sellen. " 24. Willard Palmer and Elsie Gamer, by A. C. Miller, M. G. ' "' 27. Miner Y. Smith and Harriet Lee, by James Buswell, J. P. Nov. 1. Milo AV. Fargo and Mary M. Reeger, by Jacob Matthews, M. G. " 4. Wm. Luce, jr., and Jane McVickers, by J. B. Russell, J. P. " 7. AVm. D. Cumming and Martha E. Anthony, by A. C. Miller. " 12. Patrick McSherry and Ellen McGuire, by Catholic Missioner. " 19. Horatio G. Scribner and Hannah Scholes, by W. W. AVinslow. " 14. Robert L. Scott and Isabella Happock, by Daniel M. Kelly, J. P. '•' 14. Harrison Miner and Alice Parrish, by H. B. Foskett, M. G. " 14. Charles B. Thorp and Harriet Riddle, by W. J. Smith, M. G. " 14. Tyrus Matthews and Climena Scribner, by E. S. Brodhead. " 18. Lewis Redding and Cynthia Ann AAr ailing, by John E. Evans. " 18. Franklin Runnells and Lenora E. Blood, by C. A. Hewitt. M.G. " 16. Ambrose AV. Matthews and Sarah Ann Wilsey, by D. McCance. " 17. Hiram P. Mallory and Hannah Redding, by John R. Evans. Dec. 4. Chas. T. Edwards and Eunice V. Spencer, by C. A. Hewitt. " 4. Jesse J. Flaharty and Annie Bruce, by W. J. Smith, M. G. "• 11. Chas. Ii. Barce and Kesiah Y. Flint, by W. J. Smith, M. G. '• 19. Thomas S. Jones and Margaret J. Jones, by W. J. Smith, M. G. " 17. George Miller and Mary Ely, by D. McCance, J. P. " 22. Andrew Oliver and Betty Armstrong, by John M. Graham. " 23. John Arganbright and Latitia Ray, by Minot Silliman, J. P. 1862. Jan. 1. John Buchanan and Ann McBeth, by John M. Graham, M. G. '• 1. R. C. Baker and Mary A. Shore, by J. T. Westorer, M. G. " 1. Moses H. Weaver and Sophia Stuart, by Charles P. Blake, J. P. " 5. David H. Anderson and Sarah A. A/eeder, by Jacob Matthews. 94 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Jan. 1. Thomas C. McChesney and Rosetta A. Palmer, by AV. J. Smith. " 1. Moses B. Robinson and Mahala Swift, by Jefferson Raymond. " 2. Robert M. Finley and Mary A. Hum,' by AV. J. Smith, M. G. '• 7. Roderick McKenzie and Margaret Ross, by Geo. Stebbins, M. G. " 6. John Jones and Nancy Jane White, by Minott Silliman, J. P. " 14. Levi Eckley and Charlotte S. AVhite, by John Finley, C. J. " 15. John Shaner and Cordelia Flook, by John Neff, M.G. " 19. Wm. Pratt and Mary A. Snethen, by Peter Sturm, M. G. " 23. John H. Taylor and Isabella Galley, by M. P. King, M. G. " 26. Albert P. Terwilliger and Margaret Willey, by Peter Sturm. " 30. Charles Janes and Christina Baglon, by D. McCance, C. J. " 30. Joseph Patterson and Caroline Price, by W. J. Smith, M. G. Feb. 3. Patrick Haniey and Margaret Alworth, by Lewis Lightner. " 1. Caleb S. Heaton and Mary E. Knoff, by Allen C. Miller, M. G. " 4. Betherel Parrish and Cele'stia Ferris, by AV. J. Smith, M. G. " 6. Jacob L. Young and Julia A. Gardner, by W. J. Smith, M. G. " 13. John Colwell and Almira Fast, by AV. S. Bates, M. G. " 20. Donald MeKae and Christy McLennan, by John Al. Graham. " 21. Nils Nelson and Parmelia Paulson, by D. AlcCance, J. P. Mar. 1. AVm. J. Morey and Josephine Driscoll, by D. M. Kelly, J. P. " 2. Adam Jackson and Agnes Murray, by John M. Graham, M. G. " 3. AVm. Dickinson and Mary Atkinson, by J. S. Millsapps, M. G. " 4. Joseale Bevier and Eliza McKibbins, by Louis Lightner, M. G. " 5. Wm. Redding and Hannah L. L. Atkinson, by John R. Evans. " 6. Milner P. Davidson and Lora A. Lyon, by John Neff, M. G. " 10. Peter Roberts and Sarah N. Clifton, by Levi Lapham, J. P. " 8. Robert Fattlds and Catherine Courtney, by James M. Stickney. " 13. Wm. A. Lawson and Sina Mott, by E. S. Brodhead, Pol. Mag. " 17. Elias Nuller and Rhoda Jenkins, by Sylvester F. Otman, J. P. " 26. David D. Coombs and Eliza Applegate, by B. F. Fuller, J. P. April 1. Francis Baxter and Jane A. AVardell, by A. J. AVright, M. G. " *2. AVilson Spencer and Caroline Brace, by Jacob Matthews, M. G. " 16; Richard F. Williamson and Louisa Nicholson, by A. J. Wright. Alay 7. John Butler and Mary Cavenagh, by Catholic Missioner. " 26. Charles W. Coe and Julia A. Bennett, by Alvin Abbott, M. G. " 20. Nicholas Sturm and Martha Sturm, by Peter Sturm, M. G. " 29. Albert Vail and Sylvia Stockton, by E. S. Brodhead, Pol. Alag. June 14. John Smith and Bridget McComisky, by Louis Lightner, M. G. " 22. AVm. 11. Drennin and Lucy A. Chaffee, by AV. S. Bates, M. G. " 25. AVm. Ii. Ansman and Ruth A Nelson, by Peter Sturm, M. G. July 4. Harrod Murnan and Gertrude A. Lyon, by E. S. Brodhead. " 12. Samuel Montooth and Hannah S. Sturm, by Peter Sturm. M. G. Aug. 7. Jacob McDaniel and Louisa Hall, by Ahab Keller, M. G. " 10. Michael Bargin and Celia Noble,' by E. Delaharty, M. G. " 11. Jeremiah AVagoner and Laura Culton, by R. McBocock, J. P. " 10. Benjamin Mehew and Marietta Ellenwood, by John Neff, M. G. " 18. Robert Alexander and Melissa R. Mix, by Peter Sturm, M.G. " 10. Gersham Bunnell and Ellen Cooper, by James Snare, J. P. " 15. James A. Long and Rosina Glitch, by Peter Sturm, M. G. " 19. Charles Kezer and Sarah J. Smith, by Josiah Kerns, M. G. " 20. Josiah Miner and Lydia A. Ilouck, by Jeff. Raymond, J. P. " 21. AVm. Higginson and Mary Evins, by D. McCance, J. P. " 20. Lemuel F. Matthews and Lucretia S. Trickle, by AV. J. Smith. LANDING OF LA SALLE ON THE SHORE OF GREEN BAY. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 97 Aug. 27. Newton Baughn and Irene Simnis, bv D. McCance, C. J. •• 28. Ephraim AV. Smith and Sarah M. Addis, by D. McCance, J. P. " 30. James N. Davison and Alary C. Richards, by B. F. Fuller, J. P. Sept. 2. Alvah Sturtevant and Rebecca Pratt, by Jacob Matthews, At. G. 2. Thomas Corlitt and Mary Zinne, by D. AlcCance, J. P. 9. Robert Allen and Alice Holt, by R. 0. Dunn, AI. G. 12. Jacob AVilliams and Sarah Saxton, by Peter Strum, M. G. " 21. AVellington Ii. Boyer and Anna P. Hinson, by D. Hitchcock. " 21. George AA". Gharrett and Alice Fuller, by James Snare, J. P. 14. Geo. Cooper and Rebecca Bunnell, by James Snare, J. P. " 25. Geo. H. McClenahan and Alartha L. Atherton, by J. Raymond. Oct. 5. Thomas AVickham and Alary AVelch, by P. McGregor. Cath. Pas. " 1. Philip C. Rhea and Eliza j" Parks, by John Neff, M. G. 2. Charles Stephens and Hannah J. Jewell, by D. AlcCance, J. P. " 2. Ira H. Hochstrasser and Margaret Driimiii, by AI. P. King, AI. G. 5. George Holmes and Martha E. Carney by John Neff, M. G. '• 15. Neri McDaniel and Finiah Mcintosh, by D. AlcCance, J. P. " 21. Alichael S. Smith and Nancy Bateman, by AA". J. Stubble, AI. G. " 23. Joseph P. Gibbs and Hannah B. Gibbs, by R. C. Dunn, M.G. " 29. Lewis Corson and Lydia A. Buck, byE. C. Brodhead, P. Alag. Nov. 8. Ziba Hackett and Lucinda Smith, by Thos. Grattridge, J. P. 9. John AL Ilttrd and Alahala R. SAvank, by S. A. Elliott, AI. G. " 12. AVian E. Clough and Jennie Thornton, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. '• 27. Samuel White and Lucinda Harris, by R. 0. Dunn, AI. G. Dec. 2. Wm. E. Thomas and Elmira Myers, by D. Cance, J. P. " 15. Geo. AI. Adams and Hannah R. Adams, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. " 15. D. Ii. Dalrymple and Louisa Harmon, bv Peter Sturm, M. G. " 24. John E. Dack and Jane Wiley, by John 'Neff. AI. G. '' 28. Stephen Halsey and Delia II. Lacey, by D. AI. Kelley, J. P. " 29. Isaac Welch and Catherine L. Baldwin, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. "' 31. J. C. Capestake and Sarah C. Hulsizer, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. 1863. Jan. 5. George Boardman and Lydia Smith, by Peter Sturm, AI. G. " 15. AVm. "Coleman and Eliza'Leigh, by S. A. Elliott, M. G. " 11. John Freeland and Emilene Hall, by James Snare, J. P. " 14. Norman Alalcom and Elvira Straight, by R. C. Dunn. AI. G. •' 23. Geo. E. Richmond and Eliza N. Simmerman, by S. M. Farrar. •• 27. John H. Ogle and Diantha AV. Sturm, by A. C. Price, AT. D. AI. Feb. 5. Albert AI. Frisbie and Harriett Hines, by AI. P. King, AI. G. " 5. G. Ii. IL Q. Dalrymple and Mary Griffin,' by Peter Slurm, AL G. " 10. Richard J. Crodder and Eliza A. Toffiemoyer, by John Sargent. '• 11. Ellis AV. Gaskill and Jane McBride, by J. A. Graham, M. G. " 11. John Besler and Anna Jopig, by E. S. Broadhead, Pol. Alag. " 13. A\rm. Murray and Isabella Fairbairn, by J. AI. Graham, AI. G. " 19. Geo. Rutherford and Jane Armstrong, A. J. Wright, M. G. " 22. Francis S. Clark and Alalvenia PoAvell, by AA'. R. StoAve. AL G. " 23. Reed Spencer and Sarah J. Greenman, by James Snare, J. P. " 25. Farquhar Bain and Ann Alnrchison, no record. Alar. 16. AA'illiam AlcCormick and Alell French, by James Snare, J. P. 9. James II. Springfield and Alartha E. Geer, Benj. AI. Lombard. •• 20. Aladara D. Fezler and Mary B. AVhitaker, by R. C. Dunn. " 25. John C. Emery and Louisa C. Hall, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. " 31. John Smilie and Alary A. Burns, by D. M. Kelly, J. P. 98 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Nathan Downing and Hannah F. Riter, S. P. Huntington. MurdoAv Alurchinson and Sallv Matheson, no record. Wm. H. Thwiss and Hannah AVitter, by A. C. Price, M. G. Jacob H. Sanders and Mary M. Brace, by W. J. Smith, M. G. Daniel B. Clark and Eliza A. Kent, liscence returned. David L. Ash and Eliza Messenger, by Lemuel Pomeroy, M. G. Francis AI. Timmons and Eliza Rush, by A. G. Hammond, J. P. George Smith and Adelia A. Greenman, by Jos. Woodward. Thomas Scavenger and Ann E. Corner, by James W. Hewett. Thomas Robinson and Lucy C. Lyle, W. J. Stubbles, M. G. David Collins and Sarah Burns, by John Neff, M. G. Calvin A ulgamot and Catherine Gingrich, by W. S. Bates. AV. L. Straharn and Harriet E. Reed, by D. AVhiffen, J. P. Aaron S. Atherton and Alary J. Sanders, by AV. J. Smith, M.G. AVm. S. Hixon and Lucy Oziah, A. J. AVright, M. G. AVm. P. Hall,and Louisa J. Hadsell, by D. M. Kelly, J. P. Henry Caruthers and Lucinda Simmerman, by S. M. F. Farrar. Thomas C Hepperly and Selina A. King, by John Neff, M. G. Jothan Rounds and Alartha Cypler, by B . F. Fuller, J. P. John C. May and Rebecca A. Trickle, A. C. Price, M. G. Chas. H. Maxfield and Helen Fuller, by A. J. Wright, M. G. Robert Riddle and Betsy Cameron, R. C. Dunn, M.G. Geo. Boale and Lydia Alix, by Peter Sturm, M.G. Samuel Hewett and Mary J. Sapp, by James AY. Hewett, P.M. John AA" . Emery and Lizzie Livingstone, by D . McCance, J.P. Jacob H. Simmerman and Levina Durand, J. W. Hewett. Robert M. Masters and Louisa Lundy, by Jacob Matthews. Thomas Dawson and Jane Meadows, Jos. AAoodAvard, J.P. Cornelius L. Lupert and Laura Halsey, A. Gross, M.G. AV. 11. Gray and Eliza Traphagan, by D. McCance, J. P. Thomas Homer and Charlotte Dewey, by A. J. Wright, M.G. Aug. B. Kirkpatrick and Fannie Redding, by Jesse Redding. David Magee and Eliza Jewell, by D. McCance, J.P. John Black and Eliza Mason, by E. Ransom, jr., M. G. Cornelius Horn and Elenor Newton, by N. Y. Giddings, AI. G. AA"m. Peterson and Mary Wooden, by Robt. AlcCutcheon, AI. G. Geo. A. Clifford and Mary C. Clifford, by A. C. Price, M. G. Charles H. Grimm and Catherine McLennan, by J. M. Graham. Reuben Gardner and Mary McGee, by AA7". W. Winslow, J. P. AVm. P. McGilliard and Eliza J . Torrance, by A. C. Miller, M. G. Chester Lyon and Chloe A. Austin, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Peter Nelson and Lucinda A. Smith, by Peter Sturm, M. G. George Currier and Sarah Drnry, by A. M. Gardner, M. G. Dan.Drawver andLucia A. AVilson, by D. A. Falkenburg AI. G.' James A. Edwards and Susan Lee, by A. C. Price, M.G. Isaac Shepherd and Mary A. Cockshot, by D. McCance, J. P. Daniel McClure and Matilda Case, by R. C. Dunn, M.G. J. B. Cochran and Sarah C. Goodspeed, by Ansel J. AVright. James Pace and Bell McLain, by George Stebbius, M. G-. Bainbridge Ray and Mary Prather, by D. McCance, M.G. George Boardman and J. C. Updike, by W. S. Bates, M. G. AVm. P. Caverley and Elizabeth Hartley, by A. E. Wells, M. G. Apri tt 112. 17. a 22. May 0. •• 2 •• 17. a 31. June 14. i t 11. . i 30. July 2. f 4 0 i i 4. ( ) a 12. Aug. 1 . 4. ¦' 10. tt 10. ii 20. 23. a 20. Sept. 5. 3. i i 23. "' 10. " 13. i i 16. tt 21. '• 24. i I 22. Oct. 1. ft 4. " i . 13. ii IS. 4 4 19. it 15. Nov. 10. it 19. a 10. it 15. a 25. 1 1 22. "- 20. a 30. a 30. Dec. 12. " 8. a 10. ¦'• 17. t . 17. MARRIAGE RECORD 1S31-1866. 99 Dec. 24. Joseph Smith and Sarah Armentrout, by S. M. F. Farrar, J. P. " 24. John H. Houze and Susannah Gingrich, by D. McCance, J. P. " 30. AVm. S. Kimball and Margaret P. Comstock, by James W. Hewett. '' 31. Thos. T. Leacox and Hannah V. Wilson, by Delos S. Main, At. G. 1864. Jan. 3. ¦ Geo. C. Maxfield and Cynthia C. Parrish, byR. C. Dunn, M. G. " 6. Isaac S. AVhitaker and Sarah A. Shinn, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. " 21. Miles Colwell and Amanda Barr, by D. McCance, J. P. " 14. James Kerns and Sarah J. Bristoll, by N. J. Geddings, M. G. '• 19. James R. Lawson and Ophelia Lafferty, by J. AV. Hewett, P. AI. " 20. Nathan Shulze and Eliza A. Culbertson, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. " 26. Wm. C. Phelps and Rachel Snyder, by Jos. A\roodward, J. P. " 29. Thos. Turnbull and Margaret Montooth, by J. M . Graham, AI. G. Feb. 3. Thomas Baskin and Nancy Simmons, J. B. Ohenoweth, M.G. " 16. Thomas AV. Embleton and Kate Beach, by F . F . Perkins, M.G. " 10. AVm. Miller and Mary E. Miller, by S. M. F. Farrar, J. P. " 16. Geo . P . Gerard and Nancy E . Leeson, by A . H . Hepperly, M.G. 4 ' 14. Martin Medearis and Margaret J . Robinson, by Jas . Snare, J.P. " 18. Daniel Keller and Mary W. AVright, by E Ransom, M.G. " 22. Cyrus A. Anthony and Charlotte Shaw, by Allen C. Miller, M. G. " 25. Ezra J Griffin and Rebecca L. Nicholas, by J. M. Ford, M. G. " 27. John Dawson and Jemima Detman, by B. F. Miller, J. P. " 29. Robert Cinnamon and Jane McClane, by F. F. Perkins, M. G. Mar. 10. Anthony Sturm and Nancy Bogard, by Peter Sturm, At. G. 9. Jas. M. Harwood and Rebecca Wall, by A. H. Hepperly, M. G. " 13. Edwin H. Tyrrell and Elizabeth Rockwell, by F. Bascom, M. G. " 12. Abe. Lottdenburg and Lydia Phenix, by Peter Sturm, M. G. " 17. Jesse Redding and Sarah Fulk, by Peter Sturm, AL G. '• 22. Alfred S. Hemmant and Mary E. Ka\'anattgh, by J. W. Agard. " 23. Thomas J. Townsend and Maria L. Bevier, by A. C. Price, M. G. " 26. Albert ATansickle and Rachel A. Oziah, by S. M. F. Farrer, J. P. " 25. Thomas Imes and Cynthia A. Harmon, by Peter Sturm, M. G. " 27. Charles Hall and Sarah Carter, by Thomas Beall, J. P. " 27. Peter J. Allison and Mary A. Williams, by A. J. Wright, M. G. " 31. James F. Holmes and Alary Richardson, by A. J. Wright, AI. G. April 3. Daniel E. Markland and Hannah E. Miller, by James Snare, J. P. 3. Geo. H. Hurd and Cynthia J. AVilson, by A! C. Price, M . G. " 13. Harry Hull and Alice Somberger, by Jacob Matthews, M. G. " 17. Chas. Ii. Colwell and Hester Miller, by D. McCance, J.P. "¦ 11. Ira C. Reed and Sarah M. Barnell, by S. M. F. Farrar, J. P. " 13. AVm. Calhoon and Ann M. Beaver, by A. C. Price, M. G. " 19. 'Theo. Bacmeister and Laura L. Ogle, by A. C. Price, M.G. " 19. Ira Newton and Olive E. Smith, by R. C. Dunn, M.G. '• 30. Americus Jones and Hannah Messenger, by R. C. Dunn, M.G. May 10. Abram A^andike and Henrietta R. Blood, by A. C. Price, M.G. " 12. AV. H. Gibbs and Julia A. Grant, by J. AV. Hewett, Pol. Mag. " 15. John DreAV and Atlanta Lyle, by Ehud Fordyce, M.G. " 17. Emery Buffom and Anna Himes, by A. C. Price, M.G. " 11. Henry H. Emery and Sarah A. Swab, by D. M. Kelly, J. P. June 4. James Yates and Martha Baritt, by J. W. Hewett, Pol. Mag. •'•' 15. Henry Rhodes and Carrie Johnson, by R. C. Dunn, Al. G. " 18. Selden Miner and Eliza C. Smith, by A. C. Price, M. G. " 21. Oloff H. Johnson and Sarah Swift, by E. McCance, J. P. 100 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. James II. Dexter and Eliza M. Johnson, by S. L. Hamilton. Jesse AV. HaAvk and Susan Locey, by D. McCance, J.P. AVm. Murnan and Mary Coe, by D. McCance, J.P. John Kermeen and Annie McCain, by B. F. Fuller, J.P. John Graves and Rebecca J . Hurry, by E. B. Barker, M.G. Francis G. Leggitt and Katy Long, by A. C. Price, M. G. AV. 0. Dalrymple and Ellen Conner, by AV. W. AVinslow, J. P. Francis W.'Ennis and Ellen Cooper, by J. W. Hewett, P. M. Henry Lassing and Josie Marker, t>y R. C. Dunn, M. G. John AV. Rounds and Missouri A. Davis, by D. M. Kelley, J. P. Robert A. Turnbull and Rebecca Montooth, by R. C. Dunn. Thomas A. Colvin and Sarah Willeson, by S. B. Smith, M. G. Stephen Roberts and Susanna Hogan, by J. AV. Hewett, P. M. Daniel 0. Addis and Margaret Caskey, by Allen 0. Miller, M. G. Eugene B. Lyon and Martha Cox, by E. P. Barker, M. G. Thomas Nichols and Mary J. Colwell, by J. AV. Hewett, P. M. John A. Cowell and Charlotte Gridley, by E. P. Baker, M. G. Fred P. Bloom and Charlotte Curfman, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Israel Dawson and Effie McMillen, by J. W. Hewett, P. M. Philip Arganbright and Josephine Boggs, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Lorenzo Waldron and Clarrissa Reed, by Edward Arllon, M. G. Wm. W. Stuart and Delphine Newton, „y James B. Chenewith. AArm. 0. Flahartyand Margaret Kelly, by John Kilkenny, Priest. Abram Buffington and Susan A. Pettit, by A. Ii. Hepperly. AVm. AV. Hylton and Adelaide Phenix, by Peter Sturm, M. G. Calvin R. Smythe and Armentia Triplett, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Wm. A. Cade and Fannie E. Simpson, by J. M. Van Wagner. Geo. B. Vansickle and Alziria Barnhill, by A. C. Miller, M. G. John Hoppock, Jr., and Hattie Conklin, by Horace AVorden. John lines and Mary Asburn, by Peter Sturm, M. G. James Boland and Eleanor Boyd, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Daniel McCrady and Mary Dixon, no record. Marion Davis and Ellen Boardman, by J. AV. Agard, M. G. Bela 11. Curtiss and Alary Shaw, by Alvin Abbott, M. G. Joel Straight and Eliza AVhitcher, by A. G. Hammond, J. P. John M. Cole, and Christenah Peterson, by D. M. Hill, M. G. Charles 0. Gleeson and Alary Bolt, by James Snare, J. P. John Barler and Nancy J. Graves, by D. McCance, J. P. Hugh Rhodes and Hannah Beatty, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. Cuthbert Driscoll and Sarah J. Davis, by M. H. Negus M. G. D. McLennan and Catharine Murchison, by Lemuel Pomeroy. Hiram AVyatt and Rebecca Newmyer, by James Darsie. John AAr. Dickenson and Delia M. Drawyer, by Peter Sturm, M. G. Jacob Rogers and Alary AV. Remanington, by A. 0. Miller, M. G. W. H. Fleming and Sarah A. AVilson, by Wm. Leber, M. G. Harrison D. Gill and Sarah Britten, by E. P. Barker, M. G. Sidney F. Harding and Mary A. Irwin, by J. M. Graham, M. G. Alonzo Luce and Catherine Miller, by J. W. Hewitt, J. P. Robt. G. Stowe and Alartha E. Pope, by E. Ransom, Jr., M. G. John F. Greenfield and Thurza Hitchcock, by D. McCance, J. P. 1865. Henry NeAvton and Cynthiana Harvey, by J. W. Hewitt, J. P. Daniel Lundy and Catherine Emery, by Jacob Matthews, M. G. June 30. July . i 4. 4. k* 2. i i 4. i i 17. Aug. 3. i i 11. i t 15. 4 . 31. Sept. _ t 1. 1 . a 8. a 13. a 20. i i 23. a 24. a 29. a 29. a 29. Oct. 3. ft 7. it 14. a 10. a 13. a 17. tt 24. a 21. a 18. a 30. i t 29. 4 f 29. Nov. 3. ft 5. ft 12. tt 17. i i 14. ii 24. ii 20. it 26. i t 29. a 29. Dec. 4. ft 5. 4 4 8. i i 11. ii 22. tt i 4 22. ft 27. Jan. 4. a 5. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 101 Jan. 21. John Greenwood and Susan Wright, by J. AV. Agard, Al. G. " 22. Rowland F. Washburn and Lucinda AVilliams, by E. P. Barker. "' 23. James P. McGuyre and Mary J. Collins, by J. W. Hewitt, J. P. '' 23. Thomas Hick and Margaret Cockshoot, by J. AV. Hewitt, J. P. •< 28. Adam Fletcher and Mary Rees, by J. AV. Hewitt, P. Mag. '' 31. John Armstrong and Jane Rule, by J. M. Van Wagner, M. G Feb. 2. Geo. W. Kirkpatrick and Alartha A. Taylor, by James Darsie. " 2. Wm. 0. Johnson and Hannah L. Fitch, by James Darsie, M. G. " 2. AVm. J. Lamper and Alary Clayton, by C. Selden, M. G. " 3., Joseph F. Lewis and Catherine Buckley, by D. McCance, J. P. " 6. Ross Colwell and Mary J. Gierhart, by A. J. AVright, M. G. " 14. Mathusalah Bevier and Fanny L. Hicks, by Alvin Abbott, AI. G. " 15. AVm.. W. Buswell and lone Beckwith, by J. M Graham, M. G. " 15. Daniel Moon and Hester A. Lord, by John Al. Graham, M. G. " 15. James A. Henderson, and Francis A. Dewey, by R. G. Dunn. " 16. John Harvie and Melinda Jane Simmerman, by James Snare. " 16. Aron J. Anderson and Susan Updyke, by J. AY. Hewett, J. P. " 19. AVm. A. Ellis and Adaline AV. Davis, by A. G. Hammond, J. P. " 22. AVm. AYarhurst and Lydia Hmbattgh, by Geo. AV. Brown, AI. G. Mar. 2. Alex. Ballentine and Isabella Templeton, by R. C. Dunn, Al. G. " 5. Simon Cox and Mary E. Graves, by A. G. Hammond, J. P. " 9. John H. Brown and Mary Holmes, by James Darsie, AI. G. " 12. Albert G. Hilliard and Euphrmia Clark, by AV. J. Beck, AI. G. " 18. Miles S. AVilliams and Polly M. Elston, by AV. AV. AVinslow, J. P. April 6. Eli Wilson and Mary M. Alorris, by J. AV. Hewitt, P. Alag. " 9. Thomas Alayborn and Rebecca Jen-ems, by A. G. Hammond. " 19. Lewis lloppock and Huldah Cross, by AV. J. Beck, M. G. " 12. Henry C. Morris and Mary Burnam, by E. Ransom, Jr., M. G. "' 22. George R. Harris and Jane Page, by J. W. Hewett, P. Alag. May 9. Abel T. George and Rhoda E. Sharer, by J. B. Ohenoweth, M. G. " 19. AVm. Delay and Martha Patrick, by C AI. S. Lyon, J. P. June 10. Geo. AV. Goodnow and Mary Harmschild, by D. McCance, 0. J. " 18. John T. Kinmonth and Henrietta Atherton, by James Darsie. " 25. AVm. M. Pilgram and Mary AVashburne, by E. P. Barker, M. G. " 27. Oliver White and Mattie L. Mercer, by Darius M. Hill, AI. G. July 4. Geo. Atwood and Catherine M. Foster, by A. J. AATright, M.G. " 4. Jacob TJmbaugh and Sarah E. Dudley, by A. J. AVright, M. G. " 5. AVm. Boyd and Mary Colthar, by A. 0. Miller, M. G. " 5. Simpson Simmons and Alargaret Hull, by G. A. Hewett, Al. G. " 22. John Frey and Eliza Jane Fnlk, by Peter Sturm, AI. G. " 27. James Montooth and Alary A\rilson, by AVm. Leber, M. G. " 28. Ezra Ferris and Alary C. Cttmmings. No record. Aug. 6. Chancey E. Ballard and Alary E. Zink, by James Buswell, J. P. " 6. Charles II. Newman and Alvira V. Jordan, by Alvin Abbott. 7. Harlan P. A\Tyckoff and Phebe Ackley, by R. C Dunn, M. G. 9. AVm. Alowonand Lucinda Potts, by 0. Al. S. Lyon, J. P. " 20. John McKee and Madeline Bradford, by A. II. Hepperly, M. G. " 30. George A. Smith and Mary E. Wolf, by A. C. Price, AI. G. " 31. Chris G. Birlemeyer and Ann B. AVenger, by E. Ransom, jr. " 31. Jasper Dollison and Lydia Ellison, by C. AI. S. Lyon, J. P Sept. 1. Morris C. Lampson and Mary J. Francis, by A. G. Hammond. " 4. Andrew Creigh ton and Hannah Atkinson, by Jos. AVood ward. •' 4. Benjamin 0. "Follett and Helen Rhodes, by A. J. Wright, M. G. 102 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Sept. 5. Eli Emery and Mary 0. Johnson, by J. AV. Hewitt, J. P. " 5. Stephen AV. Marring and Sarah Porter, by A. J. Wright, M. G. " 5. Hiram A. S. Kane and Mary E. Burns, by J. AV. Hewett, P. M. •' 0. Geo. AV. Reed and Mrs. Jane Hunter, by AVm. A. Clark, M. G. •' 7. Philip F. Earhart and Lucretia Dollison, by C. M. S. Lyon. " 11. George Phelps and Sarah Choate, by E. P. Barker, M. G. " 14. Sylvester Hall and Catherine Harding, by A . H . Hepperly, M. G. " 14. Joseph A. Webster and Susan E. Saxton, by J. B. Russell, J.P. " 14. Benj. F. llersh and Love S. Fox, by A. G. Hammond, J.P. " 10. Burdick Kinyon and Silvina Wilson, G. AV. Shaffer, M.G. " 10. David M. Poor and Matilda Witter, by D. M. Hill, M. G, " 18. Job Mahaffy and Ann E. Broughten, by H. R. Halsey, J.P. " 21. Stephen Green and Francis S. Hunt, by James AV. Hewett, J. P. •¦ 24. Royal II. Miller and Arabella Kissell, by R. O. Dunn, M. G. Oct. 1. Charles M. Wilson and Jane A. Lawson, by AVm. Leber, M. G. " 2. Joseph C. Hiner and Eleanor A. Eagan, by A. P. Aten, M. G. 2. Orange F. Dorrance and Ada Hicks, by J. Milligan, M. G. 4. James A. McKenzie and Louisa Thomas, by J. W. Agard, M. G. 7. Joseph H. Gingrich nnd Mary A. Finch, by D. M. Hill, M. G. " 10. Demetrius E. Morris and Mary Vandyne, by G. W. Shaffer, M.G. 12. Samuel Happock and Sarah J. Likes, by E. Ransom, Jr., M. G. " 14. AVm. C. AVright and Susan C. Casky, by J. AV. Hewitt. P. Alag. 17. Hector M. Lamb and Athalia Barlow, by C. M. S. Lyon, J. P. " 19. Erastus E. Reed and Clarinda AVood, by James Snare, J. P. " 19. il. II. Ballentine and Mary Trimmer, by Aug. G. Hammond. " 19. Chauncey R. Miner and Chloe R. Parrish, by A. J. Wright. " 19. Richard R. Luce and Eliza McVicker, by D. McCance, J. P. " 23. Duncan G. Ingraham and Eliza A. Stickney, by J. M. Stickney. " 20. AArm. B. Thompson and Ellen Toothaker, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. " 26. Anson R. Tanner and Catherine Oxenberger, bv Peter Sturm. " 20. Oliver P. Crowell and Mary .M Hiner, by D. M. Hill, AI. G. 20. James AVall and Ann Carroll, by Alissionary Priest. " 29. Henry S. Crook and Mattie Hanchett, by Robt. AIcBocock, AI. G. " 31. Gideon Murray and Jane Fairbairn, by A. J. AAr right, M. G. Nov. 2. Aaron Schmuck and Julia A. Hill, by E. Ransom, Jr., M. G. 5. James M. Lowman and Mary E. Thomas, by D. M. Hill, M. G. 12. Samuel Redding and Letitia Bogard, by Sam. Stonghten, AI. G. 13. Nimrod C. Bishop and Auliana AVinslow, by Alvin Abbott, M. G. " 19. Joseph B. Armentrout and Polly A. Fantz, byD. AI. Hill, AI. G 19. AVm. H. Hazard and Sarah AI. Caskey, by A C.Miller, AI. G. ¦• 23. George II. Alartin and Ruth AVhite. by D. M. Hill, AI. G. " 20. Fred. M. Talbottand Alelissa R. Alexander, byL. R. AVinn, J. P. Dec. 5. Geo. AV. Botkin and Jane B. Potter, by E. Ransom, AI. G. — . Joel Dixon and Hannah Putnam, by O. G. AVood, J. P. 24. Robert Hall and Jane AVrag, by R. McBocock, J. P. 25. Jonathan Graves and Rachel Graves, by A. G. Hammond, J. P. 25. Henry C. Ackley and Alelvina Simmerman, bv O. AA". A^oung. " 28. James R. Gelvin and Martha 0. Trickle, by D. AI. Hill, M. G. 28. Samuel Alechm and Almeda A. Cheeseman, by J. AV. Hewitt. " 28. John L. Finley and Rebecca Trickle, by D. M. Hill. AI. G. " 31. John McCarthy and Mary Poil, by A. G. Hammond, J. P. 1800. Jan. 1. Ozias Y. Smith and A'alina E. Aliller, by Louis Benedict, Ai. G. MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 103 Jan. 1. Williard B. Foster and Mary Curtiss, by Alvin Abbott, M. G. " 7. Patrick McGuire and Sarah Harty, by Father Kilkenny. " 1. Jos. 0. Ii. Spinney and Julia Bevier, by Alvin Abbott, M. G. " 4. Harry Forman and Susannah Schanck, by A. 0. Price, M. G. '• 1. Archibald Wade and Elizabeth Lyman, by E. Ransom, Jr. " 10. AVm. H. Barton and R. M. Standard, by A. G. Hammond. " 14. Lewis Halsted and Harriet A. Jackson, by E. Ransom, Jr. " 18. Laban M. Dugan and Susan A. Cook, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. " 11. Wm. I. Cross and Delia M. Fuller, by D. M. Hill, M. G. 7. Charles D. Shaver and Delia Bourlier, by J. B. Chenowth. " 25. Henry Zimmerman and Jacobin Wilt, by A. G. Hammond. " 25. Orrin Kinmouth and Hester Atherton, by E. Ransonl, M. G. " 25. Oarin Maxfield, Jr., and Cynthia Stone, by Ii. C. Dunn, M. G. " 28. Charles Dudley and Eliza C. Bevier, by M. H. Megus, M.G. " 30. Peter F. Gregory and Rachel Bird, by J. W. Hewitt, P.M. Feb. 8. George Leigh and Margaret Knoff, by AVm. Leber, M. G. " 11. W. J. Hamilton and Annette Bryan, by A. J. AVright, M. G. " 12. Franklin Stanton and Ellen Riggin, by Ii. C. Dunn, M.G. '•' 13. Newton Dollison and Mary White, by C. M. S. Lyon, J.P. " 19. Peter J. Riner and Martha L. Graves, by R. C. Dunn, M. G . " 21. Nathan Snare and Isabella Williamson, by W. E. Martin. " 20. Joel Iiendrick and Henrietta Wilson, by W. Leber, M.G. " 28. John 1). Essex and Mary Bunnell, by A. G. Hammond, P. P. "' 27. Ira F. Hayden and Marietta A'inson, by J. AV. Hewitt, J. P. " 27. Nicholas Fiber and Wyoma Anderson, by J. A\r. Hewitt, J. P. " 28. Hiram Thurston and Ormilda AVhite, by C. M. S. Lyon, J. P. Mar. 2. Charles 0. Wilson and Lucinda Acer, by J. A\r. Hewitt, J. P. 5. Wm. Johnson and Mary Y. Barrett, by J. AV. Hewitt, J. P. " 7. Clayton A. DeAVolf and Lusetta Atherton, by David R. Gelvin. '• 9. Wm. Turnbull, Jr., and Catharine McLennan, by J. R. Harris. " 11. Milton Trickle and Drusilla Shirvers, by E. Ransom, AI. G. " 21. John AViley and Sarah C. Aten, by AV. Leber, M. G. •' 15. Ephriam S. Garrison and Sarah C. Pratz, by D. AlcCance. '• 21. Carlos B. Lyle and Mary S. Eagles, by J. R. Harris, M. G. " 22. ^Andrew Galbraith and Hannah li. Thomas, by E. P. Barker. April 4. Jacob Carr and Rhoda Miller, by A. G. Hammond, J. P. " 8. Michael Hurim and Angelme Overlander, by AA^ilson Trickle. " 15. James Morris and Henrietta Little, by Calvin Seldin, M. G. " 19. Henry Scott and Ellen Buswell, by J. R. Harris, M. G. '• 18. Wm. Moffitt and Elizabeth J. Hall, by R. C. Dunn, M. G. May. 2. Elwood DeAVolf and Nancy Atherton, by C. M. S. Lyon, J. P. " 10. James Swank and Henrietta Kissel, by AVm. Leber, M. G. " 10. John Farrell and Harriet Poil, by C. A. Shurtleff, J. P. " 13. Calvin B. Rockwell and Maria L." AVhiffen, by S. A. Estee. " 15. AlvaAV. Brown and Francis Hodgson, by Ii. C. Dunn, M. G. •• 15. AVm. Ii. II. Myers and Mary E. Shannon, by A. J. AVright. " 22. Samuel K. Leacox and Flora Kirkpatrick, by J. Ii. Harris. " 22. Alfred Christie and Margaret Grife, by G. AV. Gue, M. G. " 23. Charles E. Shinn and Rebecca J. Pollok, by E. Ransom., Jr. " 24. D. J. Stimmell and Adeleide Triplett, by S. A. Estel, M. G. ¦' 27. Ezekul Ayres and Nette Bell, by AVm. Leber, M.G. •' 26. Lyman B. Smith and Clara Rhynhart, by R. C. Dunn, M.G. " 30. C. Swackhammer and Eliza Warden, by C. AY. Young, J. P. 104 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. June 6. Roderick Alathesou and Alary A. McLennan, by N. C. AVeede. " 9. James Smith and Ann Rees, by C. M. S. Lyon, J. P. 9. Clayton A. Gibbs and Julia Bevier, by E. Ransom, M.G. '• 10. Elezer Laffertv and Alaraaret A. Harkness, bv C. AI. S. Lyon. •• 12. Alark AI. Lucy and Alary Berfield, by R. 0. Dunn, AI. G. •¦ 20. Edgar AA". Curtiss and Kate AlcKibbon, by Father Kilkenny. " 19. AVm. J. Culbertson and Anna Bevier, by R. C. Dunn, M.J. 20. Abel Armstrong and Annie Reed, by N. C. AA'eede, M. G. July 3. Andrew J. Rushing and Emma Dugan, by D. M. Hill. " 3. Lttman P. Himes and Lucinda Buffum, by L. D. Gowen. 3. Alex. Alurchison, Jr., and Alaggie AA'ede, by John H. Alontgomery. 4. Joseph M. Cree and Phebe Christopher, by AA'illiam Leber. 4. Isaac E. Ensley and Eliza J. Barnell, by C. AI. S. Lyon. " 4. AVilliam D. Freeman and Nancy Stacy, by C. Al. S. Lyon. " 4. Peter AI. Harkness and Marcella Reed, by Hugh Rhodes, J. P. 13. Jonathan Thompson and Alelenda Parsons, by O. AI. S.Lyons. 24. Hugh Stockner and Anna Beers, by A.J. Wright, AI. G. 22. Henry AV Aloore and Hester Spelman, by James B . Russell . 29. Samuel G. Butler and Susan Hotchkiss, by Philander Chase. Aug. 9. Solomon Leighton and Sarah Snell, by James Snare, J.P. " 15. Henry 0. Griffin and Ellen Green, by A. H. Hepperly, M. G. '• 30. Ilenrv Seeley and Alma South, by J. AV. Agard, Al. G. •• 29. Charles Shaher and Bell AVarner. by AV. J. Smith, AI. (i. 29. James Burris and Susan A. Eastes. by James Snare, J. P. Sep. 3. SaxtonT. Kellogg and Honer Piester, by G. AA". Shaffer. '¦ 2. Oscar G. Hixson and Sarah A. Cox, by A. G. Hammond. 5. Albert P. Finley and Rachel Hiner, by I). AI. Hill, AI. G. •' 6. (ieo. H. Simmerman and Eliza C. Richmond, by C. AI. S. Lyon. 0. Asa Taylor and Catherine Fmbaugh, by C AI. S. Lyon. •• 20. John AI. b'uach and Adeline Funk, by "AV A. Clark. AI. G. " 27. Thomas AV. Ross and Happalonia AYilber. by AY J. Beck. ••' 30. Elijah Terwilliger and Alary F. Sturm, by Peter Sturm, M. G. " 30. John AVhitcher and Alma Hall, by A. G. Hammond, J. P. Oct. 3. Samuel S. Hayden and Alaria AVilson, bv AVilliam Leber, AI. G. 4. Jacob Young and Alary J. Kirkbuff, by Allen C. Aliller, AI. G. 8. Chas. A. Ketchen and Abbey E. Gardiner, by L. D. Gowan. 14. Newill II. Blanchard and Ellen F. Stone, by Sam. G. AVright. 15. Freeman li. Davison and Susan A- Jewell, by James BusAvell. " 16. Hurmon II. Hochstrasser and Cristina Drinnin, by A. J. AA' right. '¦ 18. AVm. McKinstry and Esther Boyd, by B. O. Dennis, M. G. ¦' 21. A mas P. Gill and Anne Y. Stoddard, by A. J. AVright, M. G. 25. George Murray and Lucetta AVood ward, by J. Ii. Alontgomery. 19. Arch. D. Thorp and Amand Perry, by K. Ransom, Jr., M. G. 24. James C. Powell and Rose Holmes, by J. II. Alontgomery, AI. G. •"¦ 30. AVm. H. Bines and Rachel Lemoine, by J. AV. Errett, M. G. 30. Samuel M. Lemoine and Alma Hines, by J. AV. Errett, AI. G. " 30. Alfred Poil and Alary C. Lemoine, by J. AV. Errett, M. G. 30. Ebonezer AI. Armstrong and Alartha AValliker, by Baxter C. Dennis, M. G. Nov. 1. Daniel AI. Beers and Eliza bowers, by A. S. Estee. AI. (i. i. Albert Shoemaker and Alaggie J. Snare, by AV. E. Martin, AI. G. '• 11. Geo. AV. Pate and Alartha Gintry, bv II. R. Halsey, J. P. " 11. AVm. AV. Morse and Alary J. Alore, bv B. L.Lombard, Al. G. PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 105 Dec. Nov. 8. Shelden P. Mayhew and Rosa Dickenson, by E. Ransom, Jr. John L. Addis and Margaret R. Coleman, by H. Tiffany, AI. G. Royal Laff'erty and Sarah Jane Atherton, by E. Ransom. AI. G. Henry B. Perry and Rebecca C. Dewey, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. Daniel J. Walker and Stella D. Rhodes, by L. Dow Go wan, M. G. Patrick O'Donnell and Honora Shea, by Father Kilkenny, C. P. Jasper N. Kitterman and Philinda Mix, bv I. AV. Searle, J. P. John L. Kennedy and Amanda ShaAV, by J.' Cavitt, AL G. Rowland T. Lake and Jennie E. Hurd, by Horace Tiffany, AL G. Lewis E. Morton and Charlotte J. Christopher, by II. Tiffany. Simeon C. Chamberlain and Sarah Jane Cress, H. R. Ilalsev". Thomas A. Foster and Nancy Bangs, by Alvin Abbott, AL G. Wm. Nicholas and Mary M. Colwell, by R. C. Dunn, AI. G. What a fund of history there is in this plain record of the begin nings of many families Avhose lives are linked Avith the progress of this county. Fortunately for the county, the lessons inculcated of teniperance and virtue bore fruit, and in almost every instance carried with them happiness and prosperity. 10. 15.29. 5. 3. 16. 12. 18. 24. 27.29. CHAPTEK Y. PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. T seems as if there were something in partial isolation of mankind that develops the kindlier feelings of the human soul, enlarges its better impulses, and recreates mankind into more nearly the image of the true man. And this is i>true even of these men, some of Avhom led Avild lives, and this was but the excrescent growth of the circumstances in which they Avere placed, and in no way affected the manli ness of character Avhich developed itself. It seems, indeed, as if it Avere a Avise provision of nature that the opening of neAV countries should be attended with a renewal of the sim pler life of man, and thus introduce new blood into the world of civilization. Few today can understand the feelings which animated the pioneer men and sustained them under every difficulty. Fewer still are they Avho comprehend the feelings of the pioneer Avomen as they contemplated their surroundings and looked into the future, the horizon of which Avas darkened by discouragement and gloom. And yet they faltered not, but sustained their husoands by a trust in the outlook that was constant, and bore an abundant harvest. As wives, they Avere the most agreeable of companions ; as friends, the most faithful and affectionate ; as mothers, gentle as children ever had the misfortune to lose, who corrected the most pernicious of evils by the most tender management. Prudent from affection, though most 7 106 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. liberal of nature, they practiced economy from the love they bore their husbands, and at critical periods, preserved order in affairs from the care of which those husbands Avere relieved ; she reclaimed her choice from despair, urged his indolence to exertion, and constantly admonished him to industry, integrity and manhood. The early set tlers of Stark were naturally temperate and religious, and to them is due in greater measure, the enviable place which the county holds today in moral and physical, as Avell as financial strength. The Stark County Mutual Protection Society, organized August 12, 1848, to oppose the operations of horse-thieves and gamblers, may be credited as being the initial association of pioneers, which led to the formation of many, if not all, of the secret and benevolent, agricult ural and religious associations of the county in after years. The first meeting Avas held in the court house at Toulon. Myrtle G. Brace Avas temporary President ; Hugh Rhodes, Secretary, and Wheeler B. Sweet, Organizing Secretary. Precinct committees were appointed as fol lows : Toulon — William Ogle, O. Whitaker and George Buchanan. Massillon — Edward Trickle, Thomas S. Clark and Allen Greenlee. La Fayette — Jacob Emery, William Pratt and M. Atherton. Wyo ming — Capt. Butler, James Holgate and Joseph Newton. Osceola — William Dodd, John Lyle and Walter Fuller. Constitution and by laws Avere reported. At this juncture Dr. Chamberlain moved the adoption of a resolution favoring an anti-gambling society in conjunc tion Avith the anti-horse-thief organization. The report Avas amended so as to cover this resolution, and the constitution adopted and signed. The original members were : Conrad Emery, George A. Worley, Henry Butler, Thomas Hall, Minott Silliman, Joseph Emery, Lewis Perry, Elijah McClenahan, E. Trickle, M. Chamberlain, T. S. Clark, William Bowin, David Emery, Henderson Truman, J. Emery, Jesse Emery, John Dodd, I. Ackley, J. Richty, John Pollok, Peter E Pratt, M. Atherton, William M. Pratt, Joseph Atherton, Lliram S. Albright, Joseph Cox. Llenry Brice, O. Whitaker, Joseph Newton, Lemuel Dor rance, W. H. Butler, John Pryor, Thomas Lyle, A. E. Butler, William Ogle, W. T. Fuller, Andrew llroy, W. M. Eose, Jacob Sumner, George Sumner, George Sheets, Hugh Ehodes, W. B. Sweet, J. W. Hender son, J. LL Barnett, H. White, Henry T. Ives, Nathan Snare, W. E. Elston, Joseph E. Newton, Philip "Munson, Thomas J. Henderson, William O. Sment, John Turnbull, Brady Fowler, Walter Fuller, Ja cob Holgate, M. G. Brace, Isaac Thomas, S. G. Wright, William Hall, Samuel G. Butler, Samuel Thomas, Ira Ward, William Moore, William Lyle, A. W. Harod, Matthias Sturm, Henry Sturm, Joseph Blanchard, Christian Gingrich and Thomas Dugan. The revival of the anti-horse-thief organization was attempted August 10, 1860, and on the 24th, resolutions Avere adopted, asking the supervisors to consider the subject General Henderson delivered an historical address before a meeting of old settlers in 1865, but there is no account whatever of the meeting being duly organized. A meet ing of old settlers was held at Toulon, January 2, 1866, for the purpose of organizing a society. Dr. Thomas Hall presided, with Oliver White as Secretary. A committee was appointed to take a PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 107 census of all the persons then in the county who were here April 4, 1839. The members were : W. W\ Winslow, Osceola ; M. G. Brace, Elmira ; Lewis Perry, Goshen ; C. L. Eastman, Toulon ; James Hol gate, Penn ; W. Trickle, W. Jersey ; Harry Hull, Valley ; and W. H. Butler, Essex. At this meeting, also, T. J. Henderson, C. L. Eastman and C. M. S. Lyon Avere appointed to arrange for a meeting on April 4, 1866. The census referred to Avas taken in a few townships, as noted in township history, and there the subject dropped not to be revived for twelve years. The following letter addressed to Oliver Whitaker by "W. H. Butler, elated, Brayton, Audubon Co., Ia., June 24, 1880, accompanied a history of the beginnings of the Old Settlers' Association : " For several months I have been so unsettled that I have not felt inclined to attend to any business, though I have kept constantly in vieAv my responsibilities as secretary of the Stark County Old Settlers' Society, and my duty to you as its president. At last, from copious notes, I haAre made out my report and send it herewith. ****** There is an omission of Mr. Phelps' name as to the executive committee, Avho you know was appointed the year previous. * * * * Please fill as you would have it done. I Avould ask it as a personal favor that you would allow my friend, E. H. Phelps, to read these minutes at the next meeting. * * * * I send also proceedings of the initial meeting of the society. * * * * They are to be signed bAr the temporary pres ident and secretary. With my best regards to Mr. Whitaker, etc., etc." From the original document referred to in this letter, Ave learn that long prior to the fall of 1878, a number of old settlers meditated a per manent organization, and Avith that object before them held one or two meetings of a festive business character. The War of the Union Avas the principal obstacle to organization. A decade and a half had passed away before the subject of permanent organization was again seriously considered. On December 13, 1878, a day when " the severest snow storm that had been experienced for years Avas raging," about 1 50 old settlers and their friends assembled at the Toulon House, and there shared with one another the pleasures which old acquaintance under olden circumstances could alone summon up. A feast Avas held, and then the assembled men and Avomen moved to the town hall to con sider the question of organization. There the meeting was called to order by Benjamin Turner. Oliver Whitaker was chosen temporal'}' chairman, and E. H. Phelps, secretary. Minott Silliman, Benjamin Turner and James Holgate were appointed a committee on resolutions expressive of the sense of the meeting in. re organization. This com mittee reported in favor of organizing " The Stark County Old Settlers' Society " and of making a quarter century's residence a test of mem bership. This resolution was adopted and the election of officers pro ceeded with. Oliver Whitaker Avas chosen president ; AV, H. Butler, secretary ; Benjamin Turner, treasurer ; EdAvin Butler, E. H. Phelps and Dr. W. T. Hall, executive committee. It Avas then agreed that the first annual meeting of the society should be held September 1, 1879, at the County Court House. After business, Charles Myers, the toast-master, presented the follow- 108 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. ing special subjects to be spoken to : (1) " The Pioneer Ministry," responded to by Elder Keane ; (2) " Our Earliest Settlers," by Deacon Norman Butler ; (3) " The Stark County Bar," by Hon. M. Shallen- berger ; (4) " The Press," by E. H. Phelps ; (5) " Education," by B. F. Thompson; (6) "The Physician," by Dr. W. T. Hall. Benjamin Turner moved a vote of thanks to the several committees and especially to the ladies. Mr. Shallenberger moved a vote of thanks to Mr. Stockner for his kindness in opening his house to the old settlers so generously and freely. The motions Avere carried and the first meeting of the old settlers of Stark county was something of the past. The first annual meeting of the society Avas held in the court house square, September 3, 1879. The officers present were Oliver Whitaker, Toulon, president ; vice-presidents : Levi Eckley, West Jersey ; D. J. Hurd, Goshen ; Jefferson Trickle, Essex ; Brady Fowler, Toulon ; M. B. Parks, Elmira ; E. Colgan, Valley ; James Holgate, Penn ; W. W. Winslow, Osceola; treasurer, Benjamin Turner; secretary, AV. H. Butler. The executive committee Avere Dr. T. W. Hall, Edwin Butler and E. H. Phelps. The officers having taken their places Avith the invited guests upon the platform, and the audience comfortably seated, a thousand strong, the Toulon cornet band, Eugene Shallen berger, leader, delighted the assemblage Avith some very excellent music. The secretary then read the report of the initial meeting of the society, held the year previous, E. H. Phelps acting as secretary, after which the president read the programme of exercises for the day. By request, the venerable Elder Stickney offered prayer, which Avas folloAved by the Toulon Glee Club singing " We Come Home Again." This club comprised Mrs. A. T. Higgins, organist ; Mrs. Lawrence, Miss Pauline Shallenberger, Miss Ada Phelps, Miss Ida Mosher, Miss Ida Smith, Mr. N. J. Smith, Mr. D. J. Walker and Mr. Clyde Lyon. The election of officers for the ensuing year resulted as follows : President, Oliver Whitaker of Toulon ; vice presidents-: John Finley of Toulon, Levi Eckley of West Jersey, Jefferson Trickle of Essex, j. D. Rhodes of Goshen, Andrew Oliver of Elmira, E. Colgan of Valley, James Hol gate of Penn, W. Winslow of Osceola ; treasurer, Benjamin Turner of Toulon ; secretary, W. li. Butler of Wyoming. Hon. Martin Shallenberger delivered the address of welcome. The executive committee elected were Orlando Brace, Levi Silliman and Henry Perry. At this meeting Captain Thompson brought up the resolution to erect a monument to Dr. Hall. This was carried and a committee on subscriptions appointed. General Llenderson delivered an address. The second annual and third general reunion of pioneers was held at Toulon, September 9, 1880. Oliver Whitaker presided, with Captain Thompson acting secretary. Judge Wright delivered the address of Avelcome, and Miles A. Fuller, the annual or historical address. The election of officers resulted as follows : Oliver Whitaker, president ; B. F. Thompson, secretary; Benjamin Turner, treasurer. D. .1. Hurd of Goshen, I. W. Shaw of Osceola, B. E. Brown of West Jersey, Eobert Hall of Elmira, Henry Colwell of Essex, Wm. Eagelston of Toulon, W. PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 109 H. Whitten. of Penn, Wm. Dawson of Valley, were all elected vice- presidents. The president appointed Thomas H. Maxfield, J. F. Rhodes and F. W\ Fuller, executive committee. Elder Stickney was chaplain, Avhile the Toulon Choral Union, with Miss Lottie Brace at the organ, discoursed the music. Captain Thompson read the list of deaths during the year 1879-80, giving^ ages, as MIoavs : Mrs. Elmira Allen, 47 ; Dennis Mawbey, 63 ; Miss Louisa M. Culbertson, 25 ; Mrs. Sibella E. Armstrong, 76 ; Mrs. Sarah Deifenderfer, 58 ; Otis T. Gardner, 71 ; Ansel M. Gardner, 78 ; Joseph D. Rhodes, 60 ; John Schenck, 57 ; Mrs. S. Callisson, 26 ; Mrs. John H. Ogle, 40; Thomas Winn, 79; Peter Sheets, 91; Lewis Perry, 73. Thomas Winn, at the time of his death, had been a resident of this state 48 years, and of this county 45 years. He had six sons, Madison, Jefferson, Perry, William, Warren and Marsh, all of whom are now living except Jefferson. The oldest, Madison, attended the first regu larly organized school in this county, and is the oldest person noAv living who attended school as a pupil in this county. Lie resides near West Jersey, has been 49 years a resident of this state, and 30 years a school director. The oldest pioneer of Stark county now living is Mrs. Susannah Miner, the AvidoAv of Harris W. Miner. Mrs. Miner's maiden name Avas Smith. She Avas born in Lincoln county^, Massachusetts, March, 11, 1 798, and is therefore over 82 years old. From Massachusetts she moved to Wheeling county, Virginia, April, 1814 ; from there to Licking county, Ohio, April, 1816 ; and thence to Essex in this county, September, 1829, since which time, for 51 years, she has been a resident of this county. She was married to Harris W. Miner, October 29, 1832. She still enjoys good health. Mr. Perry Ii. Smith is the oldest living natiA'e of Stark county, he being the first child born in the territory now composing this county, who is now living. The third annual or fourth reunion of the association Avas held Sep tember 1, 1881. The officers elected Avere : president, Oliver Whitaker ; Arice-presidents: West Jersey, Jonathan Pratz ; Goshen, E. S. Buffom ; Essex, Henry Colwell ; Toulon, Major M. Silliman ; Elmira, Andrew Oliver; Valley, Wm. Dawson; Penn, James Snare; Osceola, Edward P. AY right; treasurer, Benjamin Turner; secretary, B. F. Thompson; executive committee, J. M. BroAvn, W. AV. Wright and Samuel Burge. Miles A. Fuller delivered the address of welcome, General Thomas J. Henderson, the annual address, Eev. D. G. Stouffer, the prayer, and the Toulon Glee Club, consisting of Messrs. Samuel Burge and Adna Smith, Mrs. LaAvrence and Miss Phelps, Mrs. Burge, organist, then sang, " We Come with Song to Greet you." The secretary read the list of deaths, giving name, residence and date of death as follows : Wyoming. — John B. Brown, May 18, 1881; Mrs. J. B. Brown, June 30, 1881 ; Miss Nellie Johnson, February 11, 1881 ; Mrs. B. Crone, August 28, 1880 ; Mrs. Anna Curfman, March 22, 1881. Elmira. — John Grife, April 18, 1881; Wm. D. Blanchard, May 11, 1881. Osceola.— Mary T. Gardner, March 27, 1881; Mrs. Phoebe Smith, June 29, 1881. Goshen.— Michael NoAvlan, March 5, 1881 ; Mrs. Ann Bradley, July 9, 1881 ; Mrs. Susannah Miner, July 16, 1881 ; Mrs. Thomas Dugan, May 10, 1881 ; Luther Geer, June 27, 1881 ; Eobert Moore, August 26, 1881. 110 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. West Jersev. — Joseph DeWolf, 1881. Toulon. — A. R. Remington, May 6, 1881 ; Mrs. Elizabeth Fast, July 28, 1881. Essex.— Mrs. Jeff erson Trickle, August 28, 1881. Kansas. — Mrs. Samuel G. Wright, 1880. Toulon. — Benjamin Packer, Sr., August 31, 1S81. Penn. — Mrs. Jane NeAvton, March 14, 1881 ; Alex. Kissenger, October 18, 1880. Modena. — Mrs. J. H. ATernon, 1881. Toulon. — Mrs. Joseph Perrv, March 30, 1881; Elisha Mosher, March 6, 1881; Jacob Wagner, May 12, 1881 ; Mrs. S. CoAvpertlrwaite, May 20, 1881 ; Oliver Mahany, April 19, 1881. Osceola. — Alex. H. Brock, January 14,1881. Goshen. — Jonas Butler, July 20, 1S81. Essex. — Wm. R. Shinn, December 12, 18S0. Lamar, Mo.— Nancy Perry, Nov. 5, 1880. Grinnell, Iowa,— Elizabeth MarAnn, April 17,' 1881. Red Oak, Iowa, — James W. Hewitt, November 9, 1880. AXtoria, 111. — Lewis Finch, July 30, 1881. Southern 111. — Isaac B. Essex, 1878. Peoria. — Archibald Avers, December 21, 1880. Essex. — Mrs. Clarinda Colwell, January 22, iS8(). Goshen. — Mrs. B. M. Jackson, December 24, 1880 ; Simeon L. Williams, August 16, 1881. Shelby Co., 111.— John O. Jones, February, 1881. At this meeting Dr. Chamberlain announced that $141 Avere collected toward the Dr. Hall monument. The four county clerks, O. Whitaker, T. J. Henderson, Miles A. Fuller and D. J. Walker were present, Avhile Messrs. Henderson, Shallenberger and Andrew Baldwin sang " Auhl Lang Syne." The meeting of September 7, 1882, was one marked by social and intellectual success. A large contingent from Kewanee and neighbor ing towns helped to swell the ranks of the old settlers of Stark, so that when President Whitaker called the meeting to order, a number of these, to him familiar faces of olden times, turned toward the chair. Addressing them he explained the wide difference betAveen the chair man's gavel — nothing less than one of Judge Finley's croquet mallets — and the mallet of olden days, and made sundry quaint comparisons between the past and present. The Toulon ba^d discoursed sweet music, Rev. E. C. Cady offered prayer, and the Glee Club, represented by Samuel Burge, Carrie Burge, John Walker, Mrs. G. S. Lawrence, Lucretia Flint and Newton Smith, rendered one of their favorite songs Letters were then read from S. A. Dunn and J. M. Dunn, Grinnell, la,, one from Amelia M. Perry, announcing the death of James L. Perry on August 1, 1882; one from "Long John" Wentworth to Samuel Burge; one from Branson Lowman, dated Hastings, Neb.; one from S. S. Kaysbier, Seneca, Kan.; one from S. G. Butler, Farragut, la.; one from W. H. Butler, Cheney, Neb.; one signed "Joseph Blanchard and family," Island Lake, Burton, P. O. Kan.; one from C. H. Brace, Pekin, 111.; and one from S. G. Wright, Brookville, Kan. A list of deaths in the old settler's circle was also read, covering the period from Sep tember, 1881, to date of meeting. The list of deaths comprises the names of Rev. J. G. Agard, avIio came in 1836 and died at Chicago, October 11, 1881; Ruloff Parrish, of Goshen, died March 12, 1882, settled here in 1837 ; "Mrs. Theodosia Moon, settled in 1833, died Octo ber 1, 1881, at Elmira; Robert Mitchell settled in 1838, died at Toulon in July, 1881. Mrs. Lydia Magby's death was reported with dates; Ellis Devine died at Galva in August, 1882, settled here in 1841 ; John PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. Ill Drinnin died at Toulon in 1NS1, settled here in 1844; Hugh Rhodes, avIio came at this time, died in Goshen Julv 14, 1882; William Turn- bull died at Elmira July 12, 18S2, settled there in 1849 ; Mrs. Judith Tapp, of Toulon, died in 1882, settled here in 1851; Elder John Sar- geant came in 1853, died in Peoria in July, 1882; Mrs. Isabella Shrivers, of Essex, settled here in 1S53, died in 1882; John Mcintosh died in West Jersey in 1882, settled here in 1853 ; Mrs. Deborah Rat- cliff died at Wyoming in 1S82, settled here in 1852 ; Stephen D. Easton, a settler of 1853, died in Goshen in 1882; J. S. Haxton came in 1858, died in Goshen in September, 1881 ; James L. Perry came in 1857, died in Iowa in 1882 ; Joel S. Wilson came in 1858, died in Penn town ship in 1882 ; James G. Armstrong died in Iowa in 1881 ; Mrs. Frail died in Goshen in 1882 ; Havilah B. Johnson at Peoria in October, 1881 ; Mrs. Julia Newton at Elmira, August 24, 1882; Squire Parrish, without dates ; David L. Sterling died at Bradford, June 23, 1882, and Mrs. Vernon at Modena, July 3, 1882. The election of officers resulted as follows : 0. Whitaker, presi dent; Benjamin Turner, treasurer; John M. Brown, secretary; Wells White, II. M. Hall and Dexter Maxfield, executive committee. The vice-presidents were John Lackie, Osceola; Theo. Whitten, Penn; Henry Blood, Valley; Andrew Oliver, Elmira; Geo. W. Dewey, Toulon ; Edward Tricle, Essex ; Minot Silliman, Goshen ; Levi Eckley, West Jersey. Addresses were delivered by James A. and D. AV. Hen derson, Norman Butler and others. In the letter of S. G.Wright the following historical facts are given : " I remember spending my first night in Stark county, July 2, 1840. On the morning of the 3d, in passing through Osceola Grove, I saw a pleasant-looking old lad}7 walking amid the tall shady oaks, knitting as she walked and ready to give the information which we needed, viz.: ' the direct road to Providence.' It was good Mother Parks. I learned from her of several settlers there from Vermont, remembering espe cially James BusAvell, Isaac Spencer, Riley Chamberlain and Church Sturtevant. I did not move my family into the county until the fall of 1841, nor become much acquainted Avith any of these families until the fall df 1S42." Speaking of the soldiers of Stark, he aa writes : " May we profit by the inheritance their toil and blood have secured us." Speaking of temperance, he writes : " In Kansas Ave secured a consti tutional amendment to prohibit the manufacture and sale of intoxicat ing drinks. God hasten the day aa -hen you shall achieve the same for Illinois. May Stark county be foremost for it." In S. S. Kaysbier's letter, he says: "As the first druggist in Stark county, and one among the first in journalism, I may rank as a pioneer. Thirty-one years ago (now 36) I rented of John Culbertson the old ' Red End,' on north side of public square, at §5 per month. It Avas in that building that Mr. Culbertson made most of his fortune, but a second fortune Avas too much to ask of that rickety wooden house. * * * * I sat on the porch of Cooley's hotel the night of my arrival, and there I heard Prof. Donaldson's singing school pupils' voices distinctly, as they were Avafted from the old court house." The meeting of September (5, 1883, Avas held in the public square 112 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. at Toulon. The following named officers were elected : O. Whitaker, president; Dr. H. M. Hall,, secretary; Benjamin Turner, treasurer. The vice-presidents are : A. J. Finley, West Jersey ; Minott Silliman, Goshen ; Henry Colwell, Essex ; Isaac Thomas, Toulon ; Col. William Jackson, Elmira; George Marlatt, Valley; Daniel Phenix, Penn, and E. P. Wright, Osceola. Executive committee : Perry Winn, Chauncey Miner and William H. Newland. Elder Stickney offered prayer, the Glee Club rendered the music, giving Todhunter's pioneer song among others. James A. Henderson delivered the address of welcome, and Captain Brown read the death roll as follows : Names of old settlers who died during the year ending September 6, 1883, and reported at the annual reunion, 1883 : John C. Owings, died in Cherokee county, la., September 16, 1882, aged 83 years ; originally settled in Fulton county in 1825, resided in Stark county a short time, removed to Carroll county, Avhere he resided 40 years, removed to Iowa; voted at the first election in this county. Sarah Thomas, wife of Owen Thomas, died at Toulon township, Sep tember 20, 1882, aged 62 ; a resident of this county 29 years. Polly Crandall died at Caput, Mo., October 1, 1882, aged 85 ; became a resi dent of this county in 1840, removed to Missouri in 1880 ; a resident of this county 40 years. Isaac W. Searl died at Bradford, October 2, 1882, aged 69 ; a resident of this county 44 years. Rebecca Fowler, wife of Brady Fowler, died in Toulon township, October 14, 1882, aged 76 years ; a resident of this county 46 years. Jane Johnson, wife of Aaron Johnson, died at West Jersey, November 3, 1882, aged 72 ; a resident of this county since 1849. William Chamberlain died at Tou lon, November 2, 1882, aged 65 ; resident of this state 41 years and of Toulon 36 years. Finley Matheson died in Elmira, December 26, 1882, aged 63 ; came to this county 30 years ago. Mrs. Jehile Kissell, daughter of John Mcintosh, died at West Jersey, December 12. 1882, born in Stark county, aged 29. Royal L. Pratz died in West Jersey township, January 16, 1883, born in Stark county, aged 26 years. James S. Jackson, son of H. H. Jackson, died in Taylor county, IoAva, January 7, 1883; removed to Iowa in 1882. Mrs. Clinton Fuller died at Elmira, January 25, 1883, aged 63 years; resided in county about 30 years. James Ingels, of La Fayette, died in Florida, January 27, 1883, aged 63; resident of this county 29 years; his death was caused by the accidental discharge of his gun while hunting. Daniel D. Stone died in Toulon township, February 7, 1883, aged 70 ; resident of county 27 years. Sylvester Sweet died at Toulon, February 8, 1883, aged 88 ; a resident of the county 42 years; a soldier in the war of 1812. James Darby died in Henry county, 111., Februerv 12, 1883, aged 78; came to this county in 1848. John Finley died at Toulon, February 28, 1883, aged 81 ; a resident of the state 49 years and of this county 45 years ; he Avas clerk at the first election held in the county ; was the second sheriff of the county, served three terms ; was county judge one term, and justice of the peace for many years. Susanna McCoy died in West Jersey township, May 6, 1883, aged 57; resident of county 30 years. Edward Nixon died at Toulon, May 8, 1883, aged 59 ; resided in this state 53 years and in this county 27 years. Belle Grieve, THE PIONEER'S FIRST HOME. PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND RKM1MK0KX0FS. 115 daughter of Robert Grieve, died in Toulon township, April 23, 1883, aged 20; born in Stark county. Owen Thomas, Jr., died at Oska- loosa, In., March 30, 1883, aged 32; came to this county in 1854, re moved to Iowa in 1879. AVilliam R. Legg died at Clark, Neb., May 1 1, 1883; a former resident of IXdon. Rhoda E. George died in Elmira township, March 24, 1883, aged 51 ; resided in county 48 years. Charles II. Maxlield died in Jefferson county. Neb., May 23. ' 1883, aged 40; born in the county. Catherine Porter died in AA'ost Jersey townsliip, May 26, 1883, aged 90; resident of state and county 49 years. Mahala Young, wife of 0. AAT Young, died at AAYst Jersey, June 1, 1883, aged 54; came to Illinois in 1844 and to this county in 1854. Robert McClenahan died at Sigournev, la., June 11, 1883, aged 45; born in the county and removed to Iowa about 1856. Presley Colwell died in Nodaway county, Alo., June, 1883. aged 72; came to this county in 1837, removed to Missouri in 1879. Charles Al. Teeter died at AVyoming, June 13, 1883, aged 66; came to Marshall county in 1855 and to Stark in 1858. Orson Grant died at La Fayette, June 14. 1883, aged 39; born in the county. Charles Jordan, father of Robert and John Jordan, died at AVyoming, June, 1883, aged 83; settled in Ohio in 1812, afterward went to Iowa, where he remained until a few years ago, when he came to AVyoming. and resided with his sons. Mrs. Alary O. Riggen died in Iowa, June 23, 1883, aged 05; came to this county about 1844. Eliza A. Henry, Avife of James R. Henry. died at West Jersey, July 1, 1883, aged 62; resided in county 32 years. Eleanor Trickle, wife of AVashington Trickle, died at Elm wood, Peo ria county, July 15, 1883, aged 76; came to this county in 1830, re moved to Peoria county in 1866. Thomas Nichols died at Elmira, July 22, 1883; resident of state and county about 49 years. Airs. Al len Atherton, daughter of Lewis AVilliams, died in Goshen township. July 31, 1883, aged 22; born in this county. Jonas B. Ballentine, of Toulon, died at "Monica, Peoria county, August 3. 1883, aged 08; resi dent of county 40 years. Marian Grieve, daughter of Robert Grieve. died in Toulon township, August 17, 1883. aged 22 ; born in the county. Ora E. Pratz, son of Jonathan Pratz. died at AA'est Jersey, August 23. 1883, aged 21 ; born in the county. J. AL Hurd died at AA'est Jersey. August 25, 1883, aged 65; resident of county 27 years. John Pilgrim died at Gnlva, September 1, 1883, aged 77; came to county in 1852. A number of valuable historical letters were read before this meet ing, references to which are made in other pages. The old mill brought here in 1830, and owned by S. G. Breese. was placed on the grounds during the old settlers reunion of 1883. The seventh annual reunion of the old settlors was held at Toulon. August 20, 1884. A. P. Miller delivered the address of welcome. Dr. Copestnko described Stark county as he found it on his ariival here. A. G. Hammond, who settled at Wyoming thirty-four years before this meeting when a boy of sixteen years, delivered an historical address. Ilenrv G. Little was here at the organization of the county, and related some pleasing facts of that time. C O. Wilson, the first super visor from AXley township, delivered an interesting speech; and the president, Oliver Whitaker, explained all about the exhumed log, which 116 HISTORY OF STARK OOl'XTY. lay on the platform : the time it grew where the court-bouse now stands, Avhen it was used in bridging the slough on Alain street, and its discovery Avhile repairing a bridge at this place in 1884. George N. BroAvn, then of the AA'yoining Herald, uoav of the Fcoria Transcript. said some pretty things of the pioneers. A list of men and women Avho died since the last reunion was read, and next a large number of interesting letters from old settlers, who could not respond to invita tions to be present, were read. The Glee Club, represented bv II. J. Dickinson. l>. J. Walker, F. AV Lyon, L. L. Long, Airs. Ida AL Swee- deen. Airs. Al. S. lliggins, Alisses Edith Dickinson. Hird Thornton, and Mattie White. The officers elected were: Oliver AATiituker, president; Dr. II. AL Hall, secretary: Benjamin Turner, treasurer; the vice-presi dents chosen were: Eceless AAYst, AA'. Jersey; G. II. Red Held, Goshen ; P. P. Johnson, Toulon; Henry Colwell, Kssex; Cyrus Bocock, Penn; Samuel AVrigley, Valley; John Locker, Osceola, and Myrtle Brace, Elmira. The death-roll for the year ending August l, 1884, is made up as folloAvs: Airs. Mary Hoffman, of AA'. Jersey, died September 10, 1883, aged 71 years. Airs. Barbara E. Smith, daughter of John Emery and a resident of the county for forty-four years, died April 21, 1883, aged 52 years. Mrs. Frances Barnes, daughter of Sewell Smith, formerly of Essex township, died at Lincoln, Neb., August 10, 188.'!. Mrs. Mary A. Cruchfield, daughter of the late David Cooper and for twenty-seven years a resident here, died in Essex townsliip, January 1, 1884, aged 70 years. Mrs. Elizabeth Chaffee, widow of Jarvil Chaffee, formerly of Essex township, died in Taylor county, la., March 3, 1884, aged 80 years. Allen Stimmell, died in AAYst Jersey township, January 4, 1884. Mrs. Joseph DeAVolf died in AAYst Jersey township, January 19, 1884, aged 54 years. Mrs. Martha. A. Myers, died in Toulon, January 23, 1884; she came here in 1855. Airs. Kate Ilogle died near Toulon, January 23, 1884, in her 33d year. David McCance died at Toulon, February 19, 1884, ayed 69 years; he resided here thirty-six years. The death of Charles AV. AVright, J. F. Chapin, Mrs. Philander I'ome- rov, Darius Panders, Miss Sarah Anderson, Mrs. Ruby Greenlield, Mrs. Gertrude AAYgner. C. S. Fulpor, II. S. Johnson, James A. Hender son, Stacy Cowperthwaite, Airs. Amelia Butler, Jefferson Trickle, S. I\ Fast, George Harvey, Andrew Swartz, Lucy P. Cooley, John Miller, Mrs. Margaret \l. llawkes, Patrick Cavanaugh, Cyreiiius Dewey and AVilliam Ihomas — each one is noticed in the "township histories.' Let ters Avere read from N. P. Cross, of Ploasanton, Kan.; John M. Burns, of Orion, 111.; Cyrus Shinn, of Eagle Springs, Kan.; B. F. Fuller, AVash ington, D. ('.; j. E. Push, Beatrice, Neb.; David Fast, Irwin, Mo.; Daniel AV. Henderson, Jefferson, la.; A. J. AVI ii taker, Washington, I). G; Henry G. Little, Grinnell, la,; AV. K. Dunn, Ga.lesburg, TIL; AV. AV. AVinslow, Osceola, III.; S. (i. Puller, Farragut, la. Henry G. Little, writing in 1884, says: "You lirst tried for Coffee county, taking one township from Henry and some from Knox. I. worked hard to help defeat it, and we d'id so." David Fast, writing from Irwin, Mo., says: "On September 28, 1850, T came to Stark and lived there until September 28, 188.1. In 1850 I started a. harness riOXKKK ASSOCIATIONS AND REAIIXISCKNCKS. 117 shop in an old frame building south of uncle Norman Butler's house. and afterward used by B. C. Follett as a stable." The eighth annual reunion of old settlers was held August 25, 1885. Miles A. Fuller delivered the address of welcome; Alartin Shallenberger spoke on the subject of pioneer manners and customs; Captain Thomson read letters from absent friends; T. J. Henderson also delivered an address, and the list of all settlers, who died since the last meeting, was read. The officers elected were: Oliver AA'hit- aker, president; Henry AL Hall, secretary; Benj. Turner, treasurer; John F. Rhodes, AVm. F. Nicholson, aud Harlan Pierce, members of executive committee. The vice-presidents chosen were C. AA'. Young. New Jersey; Barney Frail, Goslien ; Henry Colwell. Essex ; Eugene Lyon, Toulon; David Currier, Elmira ; Edward Colgan, Valley; Wes ley Brown, Penn ; and John Lackie, Osceola. Among those present were Perry Smith, of AA'yoming. the first white child born in this county, fifty-four years before this meeting; M B. Parks, Avho built the first house in Elmira township; Adam Perry, who taught the first school in the county; Samuel G. Brees, of AA'yoming, whose parents. on coming here, moved into a stable, where he was born on Christmas day ; Dr. and Mrs. L. Hurd, who Avere the first couple married in Henry county. Jerome B. Thomas, of Ohio. Avho settled here forty- one years prior to this meeting, was here. O. P. Emery, of Galva, and Little, of Kewanee, were also here. The pioneers of fifty years ago or more, present at this meeting, were Perry Smith, came fifty- four years ago; Mrs. Jonathan Pratz, Perry AVinn, N. AA'. Holmes, Alinot Silliman, each fifty-one years ago: Nelson Grant. Jacob Emery, Barnabas Frail, Hiram Albright. G. LI. Redfield and Avife, R. H. Aloore, each came fifty years ago. The old settlers, who were here forty years ago or more at date of eighth reunion, are named as follows: AL B. Parks, Wm. Sheets, John Fowler, AVm. Ogle, Levi Eckley, Jonathan Pratz, Mrs. George AL Hazen, Aides A. Fuller. AVashington Trickle, each forty-nine veai-s. Archibald Vandyke. Uncle Johnnie Turnbull, Dr. II. M. Hall. Perry Grant, Wallace Mason, All's. Josiah Moffit, Airs. John Black, Samuel Brees, AAYi. Mason, Henry Colwell. each forty-eight years. Calvin Eastman, Oliver AVhitaker and Mrs. Whitaker, Wm. Oliver, AAYlls AVliito. Barney Jackson, AA'm. Sturms, Andrew Oliver, AA". T. Leeson, Thomas Oliver. Orlando Brace. Benj. Brown, each forty-seven years. Amos Bennett, Mrs. Sarah Bennett, Airs. Colburn Robbing, AAYxlter AL Fuller, W. P. Currier, each forty six years. Airs. D. R. Gelvin. J. P. Headley. Harrison Miner. Benj. Turner, Orin Maxfield, Dr. Walter Hall, each forty-five years. Airs. A. AL Snyder. A. J. Finley. Edward "Nowlan, Mrs. W. M. Fuller, each forty-four years. Mrs. Charles' E. Shinn. S. E. Hazen, John and G. AL Hazen. Eli Emerv, Charles Rhodes, Alichael Emery, each forty-three years. AA'm. AA'hite. R. 0. Brings and A. J. Maxfield, each forty-two years. Mason Trickle, Isaac Tliomas, Jerome B. Thomas, Charles Siurtevant. and Jackson Lawrence, each forty-one years. John 0_rle. AA'm. Sweet. 118 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Samuel Jones, L. P. Himes, Joseph Atherton, Mrs. C. E. Harrington, Willard Palmer, Samuel Thomas, Syhrester H. Saunders, A. C. Himes, Wm. Allen, David Oziah, Mrs. John R. Atherton, each forty years. The above seventy-five named, with others mentioned hereafter, constituted the pioneer circle in September, 1885. The pioneer necrology for the year Avas reported as follows: — Jacob Stimmel died in West Jersey township March 24, 1885 ; aged QQ years. Capt. George W. Buchanan died September, 1884 in the 87th year of his age; he came with his family to this county in 1837 and remained here until 1853, Avhen he moved to Davis county, Washington terri- torry, Avhere he resided up to the time of his death. Christopher Hiner, of Chenoa, 111., died November 8, 1884, in the 80th year of his age; he was a resident of West Jersey township from 1849 to 1866. W. L. Shirts of Galva, died November 14, 1884, aged 62 years. He was a citizen of Toulon from 1854 to 1867, since which time he has resided in Galva. Mrs. Mary E. Austin died at her home in Elmira, Stark county, November 18, 1884, aged 65 years ; she Avas the daughter of John Leeson, Avas married to Lewis Austin in 1838, moved to Elmira in 1840, Avhere she resided to the time of her death. Mrs. Hannah Guller died in Elmira, Stark county, December 30, 1884 ; she was married to Ambrose Fuller in 1816, and they settled in Elmira in 1839 ; her husband died in 1845, and his was the first grave in Elmira ceme tery. Mrs. Lydia Fuller Shivvers died in Toulon, December 20, 1884, aged 60 years ; in 1844 she Avas married to Ansel Fuller in Osceola, but they moved to Wethersfield toAArnship, where they resided until his death in 1863 ; September 5, 1882, she married Hopkins Shivvers and resided in Toulon until her death. Mary Pierson White, daughter of J. D. Pierson, died September 8, 1884, in the 22d year of her age. H Blakely died in Toulon, December 26, 1884. Walter H. Blair died in Toulon, December 26, 1884, in the 23d year of his age. Isaac P. Spen cer died in Osceola, December 27, 1884; he was one of the first comers to the grove early in the thirties. AVilliam Williams died at the resi dence of David Lowman, in Hastings, Neb., January 6, 1885 ; Mr. Williams was a native of England, was born in 1794 ; came to Amer ica 1839, to Stark county in 1855, where he resided until DaA_s Loav- man and family moved to Nebraska, he accompanying them. Capt. John R. Atherton died at his residence in Toulon, January 31, 1885, in the 83d year of his age ; He moved from Kentucky, his native state, to Illinois, in 1831, and to Stark county in 1845. Daniel Woodward died near Bradford, January 20, 1885 ; he was an old time settler of Stark county. Mrs. Mary Shannon died near Des Moines, Iowa, Feb ruary 6, 1 885 ; she had but recently moved to Iowa from West Jersey, where the remainder of her life had been passed. Zara Newton died in Elmira township, Feb. 6, 1885, aged 78 years ; he came to Stark county many years ago. Charles Bolt died in Osceola township, Feb ruary 23, 1885, aged 70 years ; he came to this county in 1845, settling in the township in Avhich he died. Thomas Faulconer died in Valley tOAvnship, March 18, 1885. He was a long time resident of that town ship. Elijah Bocock died at Castleton, March 18, 1885, in the 87th year of his age; moved to Illinois in 1837, v and to Stark county in PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES, 119 1866. Solomon Wilkinson died in Essex township, April 2, 1885, aged 88 years; he came to this county in 1849, and settled on the farm where he died. Mrs. Peter Shaffer died near StarAvano, March 16, 1885, an early settler in Stark county. Robert Patterson died near Fairmount, Neb., April 15, 1885, aged 71 yews ; he came to this county in 1855 and remained here until about two years ago, when he moved to Nebraska. William Henry Butler was born in New Haven, Conn., October 5, 1811, emigrated to Putnam, now Stark county, in 1835, and in September of that year married Mary Fuller, of Elmira; in 1880 he moved on to a farm near Lincoln, Neb., where he died, March 29, 1885 ; he was a printer by trade, learing to set type in the old Franklin printing office in Richmond, Va., in 1823 ; worked seven years with Harper Brothers and on dailies in Wall street ; after he came west he was connected with the Peoria Register, and afterward with what is now the Stark County News. Josiah Moffit died in Essex township, April 17, 1885, in the 76th year of his age; he came to this county in 1837, settling on the farm where he died. Adam Oliver died in Elmira township, May 8, 1885, in the 70th year of his age ; he settled in that township in 1838. Jacob Smith died in Galva last fall, in the 82d year of his age ; he settled in West Jersey tOAvnship in 1835 and lived there until 1876, Avhen he moved to Galva. Mrs. Catherine Buchanan, wife of Capt. Geo. W. Buchanan, died in Davis county, W. T., July 23, 1885, in the 84th year of her age. Nathan Bevier died in Lafayette, July 23, 1885, in the 88th year of his age ; he moved to Lafayette in 18.56 and has since resided there. Daniel Gingrich died in Essex township, August 20, 1885, aged 76 years ; he came to this county in 1837. Joel Goodale died in Toulon township, August 21, 1885, in the 76th year of his age ; he came to Stark county in 1876. Branson Lowman died in Hastings, Neb., March 13, 1885, aged 67 years ; he came to Illinois in 1832. to Stark county in 1857, Avhere he lived until 1882, when he moved to Nebraska. Mrs. Rachel Brown, daughter of Virgil Pike, died at F razee, Minn., January lo, 1885, one of Stark county's pioneers. . Ii. B. Dorrance died near Modena, March 23, 1885, in the 48th year of his age ; he Avas a native of this county. Mrs. Robert Grieve died in Elmira township, March 30, 1885, in the 55th year of her age. Mary Ann Woodward died in Osceola town ship, March 13, 1885. Mrs. Sarah M. Smith, formerly Avife of the late Sewal Smith, died in Lafayette, March 22, 1885, aged 77 years ; she . came with her husband to Stark county at a very early day. Mrs. Abby Ann Todd, wife of Major C. W. Todd, died at Lafayette, March 16, in the 76th year of her age ; she came to this county with her husband in 1840. Samuel Montooth, senior, died near Modena, Febru ary 16, 1885, aged 76 years. Total number : 38 — six more than last year. The meeting of August 19, 1886, surpassed all other reunions in method of organization and number of persons present. The weather, too, was delightful, and the old court-house grove was clothed in all the richness of summer. The dinner Avas excellent in material and arrangement. This important part of the programme was carried out under the auspices of the Congregational society, and earned for the 120 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. uses of that church over $100. The officers elected Avere : Oliver Wit- aker, president ; Jonathan Pratz, West Jersey ; Minott Silliman, Go shen ; John McMillan, Essex; Isaac Thomas, Toulon ; John Turnbull, Elmira ; Samuel Wrigley, Valley ; Cyrus Bocock, Penn ; and John Lackie, Osceola, vice presidents ; Benjamin Turner, treasurer ; B. F. Thompson, secretary. The executive committee comprised Orlando Brace, William Nolan and Chester M. Turner. Capt. Thompson acted as secretary of the meeting, vice Dr. Hall, removed to Kansas. To him is entirely due the compilation of the death roll, given as follows: William Dawson died at Stark, September 10, 1885, aged 75 years, 10 months and 3 days ; came to Illinois from Ross county, Ohio, in 1839, and lived in Valley township since 1850. Miss Louisa Colwell, daugh ter of Henry Colwell, died at her home near Duncan, October 21, 1885, aged 21 years ; her entire life was spent in the vicinity where she died. Abram Bowers died in Penn township, NoArember 14, 1885, aged 74 years ; came to Stark county in 1856, and lived in the county until the time of his death. Robert McKinney Bocock died at his home in Penn township, January 19, 1886, aged 60 years ; came from Ohio to Fulton county in 1837, and in 1854 moved to Stark county, where the re mainder of his life Avas spent ; he served as justice of the peace in his township for sixteen years, and was serving his thirteenth year as a member of the county board of supervisors, of which he was chairman. Anthony Robinson died at his home near Wyoming, May 21, 1886, aged 61 years. Warren Pattee died at his home in Penn township, May 4, 1886, aged 74 years. Mrs. Sarah Bennett, wife of Jeremiah Bennett, died at Saxon, February 3, 1885, aged 83 years, 2 months and 22 days ; moved to Fulton county in 1838, and the year following came to Stark county, where her remaining days Avere spent, a resident for forty-eight years. Mrs. Keziah YYung, wife of Stephen Young, died at Toulon, February 3,1886, aged 86 years and 11 months; came from Maine to Iowa in 1854, and in 1858 moved to Toulon, Avhere her days were ended. Thomas A. Oakes died near Toulon, March 15, 1886, aged 74 years, 8 months and 10 days. Mrs. Lucretia Ruston died at her daughter's, Mrs. Anderson, in Toulon, February 28, 1886, aged 65 years; came to Lafayette in 1851, and lived there about one year; her first husband Avas Homer Himes. Mrs. Sophia S., Avife of Moses II. Weaver, died at Osceola, April 24, 1886. Hon. James Holgate died at the home of his daughter, Mrs. John Snare, at Snareville, March 22, 1886, aged SI years, 7 months and 24 days ; came from Pennsylvania to Penn township in 1830 ; he was one of the three commissioners that managed the county affairs until 1849, Avhen he Avas elected judge, and served until 1853 ; he Avas assessor of Penn township for sixteen years, and the first supervisor from the township and the first chairman of the board of supervisors in the county; in 1863 he served one term in the state legislature. Mrs. Ann Dixon died near Stark, March 28, 1880, aged 72 years; came to Stark county in 1851. Joseph Atherton died near Lafayette, May 1, 1886, aged T2 years, 4 months and, 13 days; came from Ohio to Hancock county in 1836, and from there to Stark county in 1845, Avhere he terminated bis life. John White died at Lafayette, May 8, 1835, aged 54 years, 6 months and 28 days ; came PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 121 from Ohio to Stark county in 1836, and lived on the same place till the time of his death. Geo. Springer died May 16, 1886, aged 70 years, 7 months and 9 days; came from Ohio to Stark county in 1841, settling in Essex township, and there lived to the time of his death. Thomas Graves died in Essex, December 12, 1885, aged 08 years, 11 months and 14 days. Mrs. Rebecca Dickinson, widow of Win T. Dick inson, died at Lafayette, September 12, 1885, aged 85 years, 11 months and 28 days. Mrs. Sarah Headley, wife of James Headley, died in Toulon, June 11, 1886, aged 85 years, 9 months and 17 days. Mrs. Jane P. Sweet, wife of William Sweet, died at Toulon, June 15, 1886, aged 60 years, 4 months and 6 days. Geo. B. Harlan died in Wyo ming, November 15, 1885, aged 72 years and 2 months. Mrs. Martha A. Morris, Avife of Geo. Morris, died in Toulon, December .0, 1885, aged 48 years. Anthony Robinson died near Wyoming, May 2, 1886, aged 61 years. Mrs. Elmira F. Eastman, wife of Calvin L. Eastman, died at Toulon, July 3, 1886, aged 63 years; was a resident of Stark county for forty two years, and an occupant of the same house for thirty-four years. Benjamin F. Young died at Toulon, July 21, 1886, aged 59 years. Solomon B. Bass died in Toulon, July 30, 1886, aged 76 years, 1 month and 20 days. Spencer Faulconer died in Valley, May 22, 1886, aged 77 years. Mrs. Margaret Brain died near Wady Petra, July 2. 1886, aged 67 years, 10 months and 5 days. Mrs. Mary P. Adams died near Bradford, November, 1885, aged 85 years. John V. Bevier died at Bradford, January 30, 1886, aged 81 years. Nicho las Sturm died in Osceola,, March 21, 1886, aged 78 years. Mrs. Dorcas Cushing, wife of Geo. dishing, died at Bradford, March 29, 1886, aged 64 years. Micagy Swiger died in Penn, February 9, 1886, aged 63 years, 8 months and 15 days. Mrs. Hannah F. Downing, wife of Nathan Downing, died iii Penn, March 5, 1886, aged 44 years. James McNulty died in Penn, June 29, 1886, aged 72 years' Mrs. Sarah Harty, Avife of Andrew Iiarty, died in Penn, July 28, 1886. William Miner died in Southern Missouri, July 31, 1885. Mrs. Rosannah Dixon died at Peoria, September 2, 1885, aged 77 years. Mrs. Jane Sturm, wife of Peter Sturm, died at Cambridge, March 21, 1886. Mrs. Fanny Smith, nee Silliman, wife of William P: Smith, died at Prince- ville, April 2, 1886, aged 82 years. Jesse T. Turner died at Marietta, Fulton county, April 28, 1886, aged 74 years, 7 months and 13 days. Mrs. Porter, wife of William Porter, died at Atkinson, May, 1886. Mrs. Sarah F. Brown, nee Hodgson, wife of Alva AV. Brown, died at Medale, Harrison county, Iowa, June 23, 1886; born in Stark county, in 1840. Mrs. Rebecca Dickinson died at Gfelva, 111., June 24, 1886, aged 81 years; Mr. Dickinson was her fourth husband. Mrs. Rebecca Nelson, Avife of Upton Nelson, and sister of Peter Sturm, died in Mis souri about the 1st of August, 1886; born December 18, 1818. Mrs. Elizabeth Whitman, mother of Thomas Gemmell, died at Peoria while on a visit, April 18, 1886, aged 69 years, 8 months and 14 days ; she came from Scotland to this country in 1866, and lived here most of the time till her death. Mrs. S. A. Miller died in Farragut, Iowa, while on a visit, May 19, 1886, aged 48 years ; came from Ohio to Knox county in 1849, and moved to Stark county in 1861. Joseph 122 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Catterlin died at Abilene, Kansas, May 21, 1886, aged 96 years, 7 months and 15 days; moved from Virginia to Springfield in 1835; came to Toulon in 1849. Mr. Silas Moody died at Perry, Ioaa a, July 10, 1886, aged 70 years, 6 months and 9 days. William' Walker died at Eldora, Iowa, July 30, 1886, aged 65 years. Mrs. Sabrina (Chat- field) Hilliard died at New Virginia, Iowa, January 28, 1886, aged 69 years; she came to Stark county in 1834, and lived near Lafayette until 1873, and Avas the first female that taught school in Stark county. Mrs. Maria Kightlinger, Avife of Jacob Kightlinger, died at her home in Yates City, July 16, 1886, aged 84 years; she came from Pennsyl vania to Stark county in 1837, living here two years, then removing to Knox county, and later to Yates City. Henry G. Kinkade died at Starwano, August 19, 1886, aged 31 years, 9 months and 1 day ; has lived in Stark county since he was one year of age. 31. A. Fuller's historical address, delivered at the meeting of 1880, stands as one of the most elaborate portrayals of pioneer life ever given. The underground railroad must not be overlooked. About the time Stark county was organized this line began to assume practical form in the neighborhood, and was patronized by a few passengers. A few years later the road grew in favor with refugee slaves, and ulti mately became an important highway between the Sunny South and the bleak Canadas. Galesburg Station was one of the best organized on the line of the Underground Railroad. There Nehemiah West, George Davis, P. Neeley and Samuel Hitchcock were the permanent conductors on the division extending to Ontario, in Knox county, and through Stark county. In Ontario township the house of C. F. Camp Avas the depot, and Hod Powell conductor. R«v. John Cross, con nected with the railroad in 1843, was charged Avith aiding in the escape of slaves, but before the trial he removed to Bureau county, Avhere a deputy sheriff Avas sent to arrest him. Mr. Cross offered to go with- out opposition, but there were no means at the disposal of the deputy to travel, so that his prisoner agreed to supply his own team. They started o_ Saturday, stayed Avith Oliver Whitaker at Osceola Grove next day, Avhere the prisoner preached. On Monday they left en route for Knox county, where Mr. Cross defended himself. Prior to this, in 1839 or 1840, he was imprisoned in the Galesburg jail, but Avas bailed out by the abolitionists. From Rev. S. G. Wright's journal the following extract is taken, as bearing on this railroad system : " December 24, 1841 ; started for AA'alnut Creek ; great rain ; the creek was swimming; Richard C. and AVilliam Dunn were with me ; difficulty in crossing branch above Trickle's mill ; had to break ice for near an hour, and go around by T raker's Grove: preached at Air. Foster's Friday, April, 1842; went to Knoxville to hear debate between Kinney and Frazer ; also to ob tain a teacher; May 2, went to Lafayette to hear Mr. Harris expose Mormonism ; rehearsed his lecture to my people at Mr. AAYbster's. * * * * February 6, 1813 : On Friday another fugitive from slavery came along, making twenty -one that have passed through this settlement on their way to Canada ; the ink freezes on my pen as I try PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES'. 123 to Avrite. May 22, 1843 : Saturday went to Emery settlement, but found so strong an antipathy against abolitionists that few would hear me preach, so I went on and preached at Toulon Sabbath morning; report said the Mormons meant to draw me into debate here. May 20 : The grand jury found a bill against me and my elder, A\T. AAr. Webster, for harboring runaway slaves. June 24 : Witness in case of The People vs. Cross, for harboring runaway slaves. January 5, 1847 : Arrived home on Friday; found that two fugitives Avere along with only Christmas papers." W. II. Adams, in one of his pioneer sketches published in the Senti nel, speaks of Fountain Watkins, " the laughing Abolitionist," and of his connection Avith the Underground Railroad, better known as the " Great Southern and Canadian Underground Bail way." In his sketch he refers to Dave Frisby, the first school-teacher in the Elmwood dis trict, Knox county ; Mrs. Watkins, wife of Fountain Watkins ; Eli Wilson, an old abolitionist; Peter, a colored fugitive; George Pierce and John Dalton, anti-abolitionists ; Elias Wycoff and Nehemiah Wycoff, well-knoAvn names in Stark county. One of Watkins' stories as told to Mr. Adams is as follows : " Some time late in the forties, Eli Wilson brought quite a likely young man to my place, Avho said he had been a waiter on a Mississippi river steamboat. He stayed Avith us for about a week, and played with the boys in the Avoods. Some of our kind of men at Farmington sent me word one evening to push the boy ahead, as hunters were on his track. It Avould not ansAver to start that night, as it would be certain to invite pursuit. I finally con cluded to wait until morning, and studied out a plan hoAV the old Avoman and me would go visiting the next day on horseback. As the fall winds were kinder hard on the ' wimin's ' faces, it Avas no more than natural for her to have on a veil. So the next morning I saddled a gray team I owned, and had Peter put on one of my wife's dresses and veils, and helped him to mount the horse Avith the side-saddle just as though it was my wife. I mounted the other horse, and admonished Peter not to talk unless I spoke to him. We struck out, taking a road that led in the direction of the east side of the mound west of the town of Elmwood. The road across the Kickapoo bottoms Avas lined on each side Avith a dense growth of high weeds and brush. While in this place Ave saAV a team coming towards us with George Pierce and John Dalton in the Avagon. I had been toll that Dalton had been blowing around that if ever he caught me 'running off a nigger,' he would arrest me- I pulled out to the right and Peter to the left to let the wagon pass. I said : ' Good morning, ha ! ha ! ' and they said ' good morning.' We had not got more than a rod from them when I heard George say : ' I'll be d d if I don't believe "Fount" has got a nigger with him.' Here the road made a sharp turn, the ground Avas soft, and didn't we ply the bud and let the horses go until Ave reached the high ground at the mound. Here Ave pulled rein and looked back. Not a soul Avas in sight. I told Pete that it was tAvelve miles to the next timber, and Ave had to traA'el, as there was danger of them cusses folloAving us. We reached the hazel brush south of Kochester, on Spoon river, Avhere I hid Pete and started for 124 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. town to find something to eat for the horses, the fugitive and myself. Meeting Dave Frisby, I did not pretend to notice him ; but he recog nized me and said , ' Helo, Fount ; how do you do ? Where are you going ? ' I replied : ' Just down here to find a girl ; my wife is not very Avell.' Dave said : 'You don't Avant a girl; you have a runaway somewhere in the brush, and are noAv looking for something to eat. I know you, eld fellow ; you can't fool this child, Fount. How is the wife and babies, anyhow ? I said : ' Dave, where have you been ? ' He replied that he was in business at Eochester, and, continuing, said : ' Say, Fount, you've got a fugitive hid somewhere ; don't you deny it. Do you see that house over there ? I board there Avith Elias Wycoff, brother to Nehemiah, of Stark county, both sound abolitionists.' I said : ' Dave, Wycoff may be all right, but you always said it was not right to help the slaves get away from their masters.' He replied : ' Fount, you know I always said slavery was wrong ; then it is right to free them. Here is my hand.' I could tie to Dave." I turned about and went with DaA^e. Wycoff was not at home, but Avas expected shortly. The horses were cared for, Dave and I went out to the fugitives retreat. I gave the signal and the woman stepped out. We introduced her to the family and Mr. Wycoff. Mr. Wycoff then came and was delighted to help any one out of bondage. . Pete and I had supper, and afterAvards I informed Wycoff that the lady Avished to make some change in her dress. She was shown into a room, I followed after and said, " Pete, take off your dress." Wycoff said, " Is that a man ? " I replied that it was, that he had on my wife's dress, and that I wished to take it home with me as dresses Avere not over plenty at my house. Peter slipped out of the dress and stood be fore us in a suit of broadcloth. All laughed, the ay omen came, and seeing the joke, also laughed. I Avaited until late that night, bade Pete and his new friends adieu, and arrived home just before daylight. Ha! ha! ha! YYu don't hear the crack of the slave-driver's Avhip now- a-days. Ha ! ha ! ha ! " In the histories of West Jersey, Elmira, Osceola, and other town ships, many of the conductors on the Great Southern and Canadian Underground E. E. find proper mention. In the first pages of this chapter reference is made to the anti- horse-thief and gambler associations. There has always hovered around the frontier of civilization bold, desperate men, Avho prey upon the unprotected settlers rather than gain a livelihood by honest toil. Theft, robbery and murder Avere carried on by regularly organized bands in Ogle, Lee, Winnebago and DeKalb counties, who moved through other sections of the State. The leaders of these gangs of cut throats were among the first settlers of that portion of the State, and consequently had the choice of location. Among the most prominent of the leaders Avere John Driscoll, William and David, his sons ; John Brodie and three of his sons ; Samuel Aikens and three of his sons; William K. Bridge and Norton B. Boyce. These were the representa tive characters, those Avho planned and controlled the movements of the combination, concealed them when danger threatened, nursed them Avhen sick, rested them Avben worn by fatigue and forced marches, fur- PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 125 nished hiding places for their stolen booty, shared in the spoils, and, under cover of darkness and intricate and devious ways of travel, knoAvn only to themselves and subordinates, transferred stolen horses from station to station; for it came to be known as a well-established fact that they had stations, and agents, and watchmen scattered throughout the country at convenient distances, and signals and pass words to assist and govern them in all their, nefarious transactions. The "Keceipt for Horse Stealing" published in 1886 in the Brim- field News from the pen of W. H. Adams, conveys a good idea of some of the troubles and dangers to which the early settlers Avere subjected by horse-thieves. He introduces his paper by a mention of the Laffertys, Slocum's, Driscolls, George Eckley, Iienr}^ McClenahan, James Mont gomery, John Miller, Joe Swalm, AVesley Fraker and others ; follows up the emigration of the Laffertys from Ashland county, Ohio, to Knox county, Illinois, in 1836, and then enters upon the story of horse stealing in 1838. Three men came to Lafferty's in April, 1838, stating that they were land-buyers, and asking to stay all night. The evening of the next clay they returned with all their "land papers" wet, claim ing that their vehicle upset Avhile crossing the creek. Mr. L. dried the papers. On next morning which was Sunday, one of the young men brought forth a fiddle, Avhen Mrs. Lafferty said, " we have noise and racket enough on week days, I Avant a little rest on Sunday." That night her husband's team of " blacks" was stolen, and early on May 2, John Lafferty entered upon the pursuit of the thieves. He returned next morning and met John Miller, who lived in what is now Prince- ville township, Sewel Smith of Mud Eun, in Putnam, and Bob Cohvell, Avho lived south of Prince's Mill, on Spoon river, each of Avhom lost horses. When they heard that two of Lafferty's and two of Fraker's horses Avere stolen the same night, they proposed that all would return to their homes, get arms and supplies, and give pursuit, appointing Montgomery's house at Sugar Tree Grove, the starting place. This appointment Avas kept, and Lafferty, Swalm, Fraker, Cohvell, Miller and Smith started in search of the thieves. Meantime, one Eoantree of Henderson Grove, arrived at Miller's house with the information that tAvo horses in charge of a boy Avere at Washburn's Grove. John McCoy Avas dispatched, identified the horses, and pushed forward in search of Lafferty and friends, Avhom he met returning to Washburn's. Arriving there, they relieved the landlord of the horses, and prepared to make preparations for hanging the boy. Meantime, Miller led the boy some distance aAvay, and got a promise from him to give full inform ation if his life would be spared. Lafferty and Cohvell questioned him, and learned that the rendezvous was in the Winnebago swamp. At midnight the party set forth to capture the robbers, Lafferty and Miller leading with the boy between them. Toward morning they arrived near the rendez\rous." At daylight all the party got within a few yards of the camp and waited for the robbers to appear, Avhich one did just before sunrise. He was captured by John Miller; tAvo others jumped out of the bush hut and ay ere captured. Then all the horses and saddles were got together and the victors and vanquished proceeded to another grove to try the robbers. The court was organized, the boy's state- a 126 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. ments were noted, each of the settlers identified his horses, and the trio were found guilty and hanged. At Spring Creek, on their homeAvard journey, they were fired upon by friends of thieves, the fire was -re turned briskly and thus ended the adventure of the early days of May, 1838. Lafferty and party merely stated to their friends that " the boy gave a receipt that he Avould never steal another horse." In June, 1838, Colwell, Joe Drummond and others visited the Winnebago swamp, where they saw three bodies swinging from a tree. Cohvell said, " I wonder if them ere injuns were hung by the whites during the Biack Hawk War?" Drummond turning to him said, "Dad, you fellers didn't shoot him, you hung him." Colwell replied, " I guess they're dead," and the party left the scene of the tragedy. " Cattle Driving in Early Days " is the title of a story from the pen of W. H. Adams in the" Brimfield News. John Emery, now of Galva, is made the hero. It appears that in about 1844 or 1845, one Therygood Smith, a dealer of Eochester, resolved to change the farmer's notes in his possession into something more tangible, and thus acquired possession of 225 head of cattle. This herd he placed in charge of John Emery of Stark County, with orders to drive them to Chicago. Emerywas assisted on the drive by John P. Pratz, Elias Laf ferty and Michael Smith, notorious " bull-whackers." At "Nine Mile House," on the Desplaines, he sold a few head and received $200 in gold, then pushed on to Chicago, where the cattle were slaughtered and Emery paid $1,100 in " wildcats " for the quarters, the only parts then weighed in the market. During the days passed at Chicago, he boarded at the City Hotel, corner of State and Lake streets, a mile distant from the old slaughter house. On leaving Chicago, he passed the first night at the " Nine Mile House," and there met Jack and Bill Britts of New Bradford on Green BhTer. Pushing forward Avith the Britts, Jack remained at Paw Paw Avhile Emery and Bill Britt Avent forward to Princeton. They had no sooner arrived there than two men, Avell mounted, appeared. They Avere robbers on his track. At Princeton he was introduced to a lady and her son from Mead vi lie, Pa., Avho wished to learn the way to Carson Berfieid's home in Stark. He volunteered to accompany them, and next day set out on the jour ney. Noticing the carriage and the saddled horse, one of the robbers exclaimed: " What ! off so soon % and rushed in hot haste to the stable for their horses, quickly appearing again, one putting on the bridle and the other Avith the saddle away up on his horse's shoulders was A^ainly striving to tighten the surcingle as the horse plunged about. .At this juncture the lady and son stepped into the carriage. As soon as seated she requested Mr. Emery to hand her his valise and overcoat, a request Avhich he lost no time in complying with. The landlady had informed almost every guest of the jeopardy that the stalwart looking droATer was in, with the solemn admonition not to mention it as they valued their lives. As a matter of course every guest in the house was on deck to see the outcome. Men and women were all in favor of the drive, most particularly the women. When Mr. Emery handed his valise to the occupants of the carriage, one of the robbers said, " What, are you going with them folks V Emery replied, " Yes ; look PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 127 here — here is one thousand dollars in paper (reaching into his vest pocket and pulling out the wallet)." Eeplacing this, he reached into his trousers pocket and withdreAV the gold, saying : " Here is two hun dred dollars in gold ; I would like to see you' get it. As soon as you approached me last evening I knew what your business Avas, and Avho set you dirty, contemptible, thieving skunks on my track. . You can come and go with me if you think it Avill be healthy, or you can go back to PaAv Paw Grove and tell Jack Britt that you didn't get my money — or you can go to h 1." As Mr. Emery swung himself into the saddle and rode aAvay, he Avas observed by all eyes. Hundreds of stories, more or less of this character, are current, some of Avhich are briefly told in the pages devoted to township and personal history. J. Blanchard, Avriting from Burrton, Kas., to Captain Brown, in 1883, recites the following reminiscences: "In the fall of 1841 the Avriter married one of the fair daughters of Osceola. Soon after the ceremony, Avhich Avas performed by the venerable Square Parks, I took my bride to our cabin away out on the prairie, even before the windoAvs and doors were adjusted. But, contrary to the present custom of wedding tours, we Avent to Avork fixing things and getting ready for real housekeeping. Our household then consisted of my Avife and I and my bachelor brother. At the commencement we laid in a tolerable supply of groceries and provisions, and things went on swimmingly, yes lovingly, for a time. But near the end of the next summer our stores run alarmingly Ioav, and we were reduced to 'pumpkins and potatoes.' In those days there Avere no water-mills nearer than the Kickapoo or Mackinaw rivers except an old log mill on Jack creek, known as Parker's mill. But at that time there Avas no water behind, and the only Avay to get a little corn cracked was for two or three men to get on the water-wheel and tread it out. But about this time Lemuel Dorrance built a saw and grist mill on Spoon river, about one mile distant. And a year or two previous to 1841 the steam mill Avas put in operation at Wethersfield. So I tramped out some smutty spring wheat with my oxen and started to the latter place to mill. And though it was but seven or eight miles on a bee line (for there Avere no farms in the way) from Myrtle G. Brace's to Wethersfield, yet I Avas three days making the round trip. While I Avas there, a gaunt-looking man from Victoria came in, having on a very long face, and he said, ' Pherris, when can you grind my grist ? We have eaten the last pumpkin.' 'Don't know,' said Pherris, the miller. ' Perhaps in tAvo or three days.' ' Why, God bless you ! my family will starve in that time,' exclaimed the gaunt man. ' I can't help it,' replied the miller. But if the bottom had not dropped out of the well at the steam mill the water had, and Ave had to haul water from a spring near Squire Blish's, and pour it into the Avell. How ever, in the course of two or three days, we all got our grists, and went on our way rejoicing. And the flour was soon kneaded, set on the coals in the big stove or sod fire-place (for Ave had no quick meal stoves in those days), but it came out a real short cake or light biscuit. Not long after we set up housekeeping, Ave had a kind of infair, and, ;.4, for the first time, the electors balloted separately for President and Vice-President, Jefferson being chosen by the adminis tration party, and Charles C. Pinckney by the Federalists. In 1808 a Democratic-Republican congressional caucus nominated Madison, and a Federalist, Charles C. Pinckney. In 1812 a congressional caucus renominated Madison, while an opposition caucus at New York selected DeWitt Clinton. In 1816 Monroe received the nomination of the Democratic-Republican congressmen, and Eufus King, of the Federalist caucus. In 1820 the poAver of the caucus waned, failed, and Monroe aa'hs reelected. In 1824 Crawford, nominee of a congress ional caucus, failed, and the revolt against the system threw the onus of nomination on State legislatures. Clay, Jackson, and J. Q. Adams were nominated, and the latter was ultimately elected by vote of the House. In 1828 Jackson Avas nominated by the Tennessee Legislature, and Adams by the National Kepublicans. Two years later the Anti- Masons' convention Avas called, met in September, 1831. at Phila delphia, and nominated AVilliam Wirt for President. In December the National Republicans nominated Clay at Baltimore, and the national nominating convention was at last a fact. Since 1830 the national convention has grown in popular favor, until in our oA\m time it forms a meeting that claims the attention of the Avhole Avorld. In the following record of elections mention is made of the candidates for President, and the vote each received in this county. Precinct Elections. — The election of 183'j for precinct No. 4 Avas held at T. J. Kurd's house, when fifty-five voters were present. The August elections for justice of the peace resulted in the choice of Silas Richards. Israel Cummins AA-as elected constable. The election of 1^30 for district No. 2 Avas held at James Holgate's house. Forty-four votes Ave re recorded for county officers. The election of township officers resulted in the choice of Washington Trickle and John Finley, justices, and Lewis Finch, constable. The elections of 1S39 for pre- 9 142 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. cinct No. 5. at the house of Wm. H. Llenderson, resulted in the choice of Wm. Mahoney and Joseph Perry, justices, and David Gwinn, con stable. In September, David Gwinn, or GAvire, was elected justice. In precinct No. 1, fifty-three voters Avere of record. Wm. Parks and James BusAvell received equal votes for justice, and Nicholas Sturm Avas elected constable. In September, Wm. Parks was elected over BusAvell by six votes. County Elections. — The first general election after organization was held August 5, 1839. For some months prior to election day the county Avas kept at fever heat not only by the democrats and whigs, as distinct parties, but by sectional and personal influences within each party. An account of the condition of the county at that time is given in chapter V. In the following pages a complete record of elections is given : August 5, 1839: Commissioner — Calvin AVinslow, w., 120; Jonathan Hodgeson, d., 224; AVilliam Ogle, d., 116; Calvin Powell, w., 10; Stephen Trickle, d., 114. Clerk— Oliver Whitaker, d., 98; Adam Perry, w., 31; Robert McClennahan, w., 85. Treasurer — Minott Silliman, d., 150; Enoch Cox, av., 71. Surveyor — Joseph C. Avery. 72; J. AV. Agard, d., 2; Charles II. Miner, av., 73; Carson Berfield, d., 76. Judge— John Miller, d., 169; Augustus Richards, av., 37. Recorder — Jesse Heath, d., 109; B. M. Jack son, d., 114. August 3, 1840: Commissioner — AVilliam Ogle, d., 184; Stephen Trickle, d., 104. Sheriff— John Finley, d., 160; Samuel Butler, av., 130. Coroner — Adam Day, d., 178; Moses Boardman, d., 24; James Holgate, d., 29; B. Essex, d., 4. Representative — Elisha Swan, cb, 103; W. Ii. Henderson, av., 139. November 2, 1840: President — W. II. Harrison, av., 187; Alartin Van Buren, d., 154. April 19, 1841: County seat — For location, 202; against location, 05. August 2, 1841: Congress — James. H. Ralston, d., 140; John T. Stuart, av., 130. Commissioner — Brady Fowler, cb, 138; AAT. AV. AA'ebster, w., 124; Calvin AA'insloAV, av., 0. School commissioner — Samuel Camp, d., 73; Benjamin Turner, d., 05; Charles II. Aliner, w., 122. August 1, 1842: Governor — Thomas Ford d., 189; Joseph Duncan, av., 152. Lt. -governor — John Aloore, d., 183; AA7". H. Henderson, w., 133. State senator, AVm. Ii. Thompson, d. 173; Charles Ballance, av., 154. Rep resentative — B. AI. Jackson, d., 188; Henry Breese, av., 155; Cyrus Lang- worthy, 119. Con. convention — For convention. 288; against convention, 27. Sheriff — John Finley. d., 220; LeAvis Perry, av., 105. Coroner — Adam Day, d., 180; Liberty Stone, av.', 106. Commissioner — Jonathan Hodgeson d., 140; scattering, 2. October 31, 1842: Sheriff— John Finley, d., 80; J. K. McClennahan, w., 4. August 7, 1843: Congress— J. P. Hoge, d., 166; Cyrus Walker, w., 180; Matthew Chambers, 13. School commissioner — Charles II. Aliner, w., 176; William F. Thomas, d., 155. Probate justice — Jonathan Hodge son, d., 164; Thomas Hall, d., 139. Commissioner — Lemuel S. Dorrance, av., 187; Joseph Palmer, d., 170. Clerk — Oliver AVhitaker, d., 185; Jesse Heath, d., 105. Recorder — J. AV. Henderson, av., 195; Benjamin Turner, d., 161. Treasurer — Alinott Silliman, d., 302; Sylvester Schofield, 6. Surveyor— Carson Berfield, cb, 258; Charles II. Aliner, av., 33. POLITICAL HISTORY. 143 August 5, 1844: Congress — Joseph P. lloge, cb, 215; Martin B. Sweet, w., 178; John Crass, a., 33. Commissioner — Joseph Palmer, d., 200; Harry Hays, w., 189; Hugh Rhodes, a., 27. Representative — B. M. Jackson, d., Bureau, 226; C. 11. Miner, w., Peoria, 144; AV. AV. AArebster, a., Stark, 31. Representative — Benjamin. L. Smith, d., Bureau, 203, Harvey Hadley, w., Peoria, 173; Lazarus Reeves, a., Stark, 6. Sheriff — John W. Henderson, av., 201; John Finley, cb, 198; AV. AV. AVinslow, a., 29. Coroner— John Miller, d., 193; AI. S. Hubbard, w., 183; Liberty Stone, a., 28. Noveaiber, 4, 1844: President — J. K. Polk, d., 206; Henry Clay, w., 187; James G Birney, a., 33. August 4, 1845: Commissioner — Jefferson Trickle, cb, 145; W. AV. AVebster, a., 28; School commissioner — James B. Lewis, d., 172; C. AI. Garfield, d., 29; Hugh Rhodes, a., 17. August 3, 1846: Governor — Augustus C. French, d., 217; Thos. M. Kilpatrick, av., 205; Richard Eells, a., 59. Lt. governor — J. B. Wells, d., 218; N. G. AVilcox, av., 204; Abram Smith, a., 59. Congress — Thomas J. Turner, d., 220; James Knox, w., 207; AVait Talcott, a., 57. Senator — Peter Sweet, cb, 214; L. B. Knowlton, av., 196; Moses Pettin- gill, a., 58. Representative, Bureau, Peoria and Stark — Thomas Epper son, d., 210; R. E. Thompson, av., 207; Albert G. Porter, a., 58. Repre sentative, Bureau and Stark — Samuel Thomas, d., 184; Theodore F. Hurd, av., 227: Augustus A. Dunn, a., 00. Sheriff — J. AAr. Henderson, w., 264; Benjamin Turner, d., 173; Henry J. Rhodes, a., 32. Commissioner — James Holgate, d., 222; Myrtle G. Brace, av., 207; Giles C. Dana, a., 50. Coroner — Philip Anschutes, d., 217; E. AI. Garfield, d., 192; Lib erty Stone, a., 52. April, 1847: Constitutional Convention — B. AI. Jackson, d., 154; George II. Shaw, 11; Henry D. Palmer, w., 92; Hugh Rhodes, a., 23. August 2, 1847: Commissioner — Thomas Lyle, d., 213; H. R. Hal sey, w., 200; AV. AV. AVebster, a., 19. Clerk — T. J. Henderson, w., 231; James B. Lewis, d., 212. Recorder — Samuel G. Butler, av., 223; John Berfield, cb, 203. Treasurer — Minott Silliman, d., 223; John Aliller, d., 113; Joseph Blanchard, a., 49. Probate Judge — S. AV. Eastman, d., 182; Thomas Hall, cb, 138; Harvey J. Rhodes, a., 49. Surveyor — Carson Ber field d.. 316; William BusAvell, a., 40. School Commissioner — James B. Lewis, d., 278; Samuel G. AVright, a., 87. March 0, 1848: New Constitution — For, 233; against, 84. Article on colored persons — For, 148; against, 135. Two mill tax — For, 250; against, 54. August 7, 1848: Governor — Augustus O. French, cb, 246; J. L. D. Morrison, av., 36; Charles V. Dyer, a., 57. Lieutenant Governor — Will iam AtcAIurtrv, d., 243; Pierre Menard. 36; Henry H. Suoav, 56. State Secretary — Horace C. Gorley, d., 241; L. C. Payne Freer, 55; Levi Davis, 31. Auditor — Benjamin E. A'ail, 54; Milton Carpenter, d., 243; Enoch Moore, 31. Congress — Joseph B. AVells, d., 224; E. D. Baker, w., 220; Joseph Call. f. s., 39. Senator— R. Ii. Spicer, d./ 229; John Denny, av. , 210; Joseph Jackman, f. s., 37. Representative — Lemuel Andrews, d., 216; AVilliam Bailey, w., 223, Harvey J. Rhodes, a., 40. Commissioner — Theodore F. Hurd, av., 239; Milton Atherton, d., 211; W. AV. AVebster, a., 34. Sheriff — John Finley, d., 231; C. AI. S. Lyon, av., 225; (iiles C. Dana, a., 24. Coroner — AVilliam Chamberlain, w., 220; John A. AVilliams, cb, 186; Liberty Stone, a., 35. 144 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. September 4, 1848: Supreme Judge — John D. Caton, d., 200; Jesse B. Thomas, w., 55. Clerk of Supreme Court — Lorenzo Leland, w., 206; John M. Mitchell, d., 14. Judge' of Circuit Court — Benjamin F. Frid- ley, d., 133; Theoplius L. Dickey, av., 130; OnsloAv Peters, d., 10. States Attorney — Burton C. Cook, d., 179; Edward S. Holbrook, d., 38. Circuit Clerk — Oliver Whitaker, d., 199; Jefferson AArinn, d., 49; N. W. Rhodes, w., 12. November, 7,. 1848: President — Taylor, w., 214; Cass, d., 174; Van Buren, f . s., 84. December 23, 1848: Representative — John Henderson, w., 218; Barnabas Jackson, d., 130. April 14, 1849: Probate Justice — Harvey J. Rhodes, a., 105; Philip J. Anschutes, d., 19; Jonathan Hodgeson, cl., 45. Adding Township 14-5 — For, 172; against, 7. Adding S $ of 14-5 — For, 154; against, 19. November 6, 1849: County Judge — James Holgate, d., 266; Harvey J. Rhodes, a., 127. Additional Justice — James B. Lewis, d., 231; William Ogle, d., 238; Herrick R. Halsey, w.. 189; Henry Breese, w., 157. County Clerk — T. J . Henderson, w., 245; Edward K. Wilson, d., 178. Treasurer — Benjamin Turner, d., 219; Samuel G. Butler, av., 194. Surveyor — Carson Berfield, d., 325; James Egbert, d., 25. School Com missioner — Samuel G. AVright, a., 199; M. Shallenberger, d., 189. TOAvnship Organization — For, 163; against, 103. January, 14, 1850: Circuit Judge — Onslow Peters, d., 193; AVilliam Kellogg, w., 131. States Attorney — Aaron Tyler jr., 156; Lewis AA7. Ross, 115; Harmon G. Reynolds, 46; John T. Lindsay, 3. November 5, 1850: State Treasurer — John Moore, 160; Ebenezer Fuller, 23. Congress — Thompson Campbell, 157; Martin P. Sweet, 123. Representative — James M. Allan, w., 122; AV. AV. Drummond, d., 137. Sheriff — AVilliam F. Thomas, d., 142;* Stephen G. AVorley, av., 129. Coroner — Minott Silliman, d., 166; Hiram Nance, w., 100. November 4, 1851: Bank Law — For, 172; against, 118. State Sen ator — Samuel Webster, w., 161; Reuben Ii. Spicer, d., 154. Treasurer — Benjamin Turner, d., 204; six others, 13. Surveyor — Carson Berfield, d., 256; eight others, 11. School Commissioner — Samuel G. AVright, a., 152; T. J Henderson, w., 20; G. A. Clifford, av., 30. November 2, 1852: President — Pierce, d., 350; Scott, w., 336; Hale, f.s.,82. Governor — Joel A. Mattison, d., 357; Edwin B. AVebb., w., 338 ; D. A. Knowlton, f. s., 73 ; Lt. Governor — Gustavus Koerner, d., 356 ; James L. D. Morrison, av., 338 ; Philo Carpenter, f. s., 73. State Secretary — Alexander Starne, d., 350; Buckner S. Morris, w., 337; Erastus AVright, f. s., 72. Auditor — Thomas 11. Campbell, d., 356; Charles Betts, w., 339; E.J. Smith, f. s., 71. Treasurer — John Aloore, d., 357 ; Francis Arenz, w., 343 ; Aloses Pettingill, f. s., 53. Senate — Benj. Graham, d., 358; Samuel AVebster, w., 337; Geo. A. Clifford, f. 's., 04. Legislature — AVm. Marshall, jr., d., 358; James M. Allan, w., 384. Congress — Lewis AV. Ross, d., 301 ; James Knox, w., 338 ; L. AV Curtis, f. s., 71. Court Judge — II. M. Wead. d., 362; Ii. O. Merri man, w., 318; Elisha N. Powell, w., 59. States Attorney — E. G. Johnson, d . , 418 ; Geo . AV . Stipp, w . , 340 . Sheriff— Clinton Fuller, w . , 359 ; John Berfield, d., 356 ; Joseph Blanchard, f . s., 4!). Court Clerk — Milton Eckley, av., 269 ; Jefferson AVinn, d., 298 ; Oliver AVhitaker, i., 192. Coroner — Ebenezer Fuller, d., 330; David McCance, d., 369; Amos Hodgeson, d . , 52 . Associate Judge — John F . Thompson, d . , 355 ; Herrick R. Halsey, w., 334; Harvey J. Rhodes, a., 05. POLITICAL HISTORY. 145 ALarcii 14, 1853: Court Judge' — Onslow Peters], d., 175; Elihu N. Powell, av., 45 ; Jonathan K. Cooper, w., 69. August 13, 1853 : R. R. Sub. — For, 534 ; against, 141. November 8, 1853 : County Judge — James Holgate, d., 237; Her rick Ii. Halsey, w., 230 ; Harvey J. Rhodes, a., 9. Clerk — Milton AVar- ren, d., 240 ; Miles A. Fuller, av., 208. Treasurer — Benj. Turner, d., 246 ; Davis Lowman, av., 255. Surveyor — Sylvester F. Otman, d., 264; James Perry, w., 237. School Commissioner — S. G. AVright, a., 218; Lucius E. Miner, w., 119. April 4, 1854 : Townsliip organization — For, 389 ; against, 104. November, 1854: Congress — AVilliam McMurtry, d., 213; James Knox, w., 390. Senate — John Moore, d., 233 ; James Aliller, w., 272. Representative — Henry Grove, w., 347 ; T. J. Henderson, w., 395 ; AVm. S. Moss, d., 182; Alexander Moncrief, d., 237. Sheriff — David McCance, d., 248; Joseph Blanchard. av., 327. Coroner — Minott Silli man, d., 251 ; Luther S. Milliken, av., 348. June 4, 1855 : Suppress intemperance — For, 428 ; against, 359. Su preme Judge — John Dean Caton, d., 749 ; E. S. Leland, w., 29. Supreme Court Clerk — Lorenzo Leland, av., 425. Circuit Judge — Onslow Peters, d., 421 ; Elihu N. Powell, w., 334. Noa"I-;mber 6, 1855. Treasurer — Davis Lowman, av., 237; Mathew B. Parks, d., 130. Surveyor — Sylvester F. Otman, f. s., 285; James C. Egbert, d. , 63. School Commissioner — R. O. Dunn, a., 381; C. M. S.Lyon, w., 07. April 1, 1850: Circuit Judge — Jacob Gale, d., 372; scattering, 98. November 4, 1850: President — Buchanan, d., 353; Fremont, r., 718; Filmore, Am., 152. Governor — AArm. A. Richardson, d., 352; AVm. II. Bissell, r., 747; Bttckner S. Morris, Am., 128. Lt. Governor — R. J. Hamilton, d., 350 ; John AA'ood, r., 749 ; Parmenas Bond, Am., 128. State Secretary — AVm. 11. Snyder, d., 357; Ozias Al. Hatch, r., 744; AVm. Ii. Yrottng, Am., 128. Auditor — Samuel K. Casey, d., 356; Jesse K. Dubois, r., 744. State Treasurer — John Moore, d., 357; James Mil ler, r., 870. Superintendent of Instruction — J. II. S. Mathe\vs, d., 355; Wm. II. Powell, r., 744; Ezra Jenkins, Am., 128. Congress — James AV. Davidson, d., 465; AVm. Kellogg, r., 757. State Senate — John Dickson, d., 436; T. J. Henderson, r., 707. Representative — AVm. S. Moss, d., 339; M. Shallenberger, d., 458; John T. Lindsay, r., 747; Cal vin L. Eastman, r., 720. Circuit Judge — Elihu N. Poweil, r., 786; Amos Merriman, d., 80. States Attorney — Joseph AV. Parker, d., 406: Alexander McCoy, r., 760. Sheriff — William Lowman, d., 588; Henry Breese, r., 615. Clerk — Jefferson AVinn, r., 807; Milton Dwire, d., 406. Coroner — Benj. Hilliard, 742; John R. Atherton, r., 472. Constitu tional Convention — For, 1,008; against, 133. November 3, 1857: County Judge — James Holgate, d., 204; John Finley, r.. 390; C. W. Young, Am., 78. Clerk — Warham Mordoff, d., 190; Miles A. Fuller, r., 479; Jas. G. Armstrong, Am., 72. Treasurer — AVilliam Lowman, d„, 275; Davis Lowman, r., 370; Nathan Snare, Am., 97. School Commissioner — R. C. Dunn, r., 424; James Fergu son, Am., 74; Charles Myers, d., 229. Surveyor — Sylvester F. Otman, r., 404; John Ii. Anthony, d., 238; B. F Fuller, Am., 94. November 2, 1858: State Treasurer — James Aliller, r., 933; Wm. F. Fondey, d., 589; John Dougherty, d., 2. Superintendent Instruction — New ton Bateman, r., 933; August C. French, d., 588; John Reynolds, d., 2. Con- 146 HISTORY" OF STARK COUNTY. gress — Wm . Kellogg, r . , 929 ; James W . Davidson, d . , 584; Jacob Gale, d . , S. Representative — -Thomas C. Moore, r., 930; Myrtle G. Brace, r., 930; Jacob Jamison, d., 585: Ebon C. Ingersoll, d., 583: Mathew MeReynolds, d., 6; Wash. Corrington, d.. 4. Sheriff — Oliver P. Emery, r.. 543: Mark Blanchard, d.. 511; Benj. F. Fuller, i., 468. Coroner — Benj. L. Hilliard, r., 930; Henry AI. Hall, d., 588. November 1, 1859: Treasurer — Wm. Lowman, d., 445: Hugh Rhodes, r., 466. Surveyor — S. F. Otman. r., 485: J. H. Anthony, d., 425. School Commissioner — R. C. Dunn, r., 511: Wm. H. Butler, d., 401. Noaember 6, 1860: Constitutional Convention — For. 1,481: Against, 59. President — Lincoln, r., 1,164; Douglas, d., 659; Bell, 23. Governor — James C. Allen, d., 671: Richard Yates, r.. 1.167; Wm. Brown, 8. Lieutenant-Governor — Lewis W. Ross, d.. 673: F. A. Hoffman, r., 1,164; H. C. Blackburn, S. State Secretary — Geo. H. Campbell, d., 673; Ozias AL Hatch, r., 1,172. Auditor — Bernard Artzen. d., 673; Jesse K. Dubois, r., 1,172. State Treasurer — Hugh Maher, d., 673 : AVm. Butler, r., 1,172. Superintendent Instruction — Edward R. Roe, d., 673; Newton Bateman, r.. 1.172. Congress — R. G. Ingersoll, d.. 672; Wm. Kellogg, r., 1,174. State Senate — Albert C. Mason, d.. 073; Thomas J. Pickett, r., 1,172. Representative — John T. Lindsay, d., 669; Jacob Jamison, d., 671: E. S. Johnson, r.. 1,172; Theodore Hurd, r., 1,173. State's Attor ney — Henry B. Hopkins, d., 674: Alexander AIcCov. r., 1.170. Circuit Clerk— Theo. A. Foreman, d., 698: P. AL Blair, r., 1,128. Sheriff — Ephraim Marklev. d., 710; Elisha Greenfield, r., 1.123. Coroner — Henrv M. Hall, d., 680'; Jerome B. Thomas, r., 1,160. June 3, 1861: Circuit Judge — Elihu N. Powell, r., 219; Amos L. Merriman, d.. 111. Clerk Supreme Court — Lorenzo Leland, r.. 180: David L. Hough, d., 141. November 5, 1861: Specie Basis — For. 7; Against, 566. Delegate Constitutional Convention — Thos. J. Henderson, r.,476; Julius Manning, d., 153; Norman Purple, d., 73. County Judge — David AlcCance, d., 534: John Finley, r., 19. County Clerk — Aliles A. Fuller, r., 525. Treas urer — William Lowman, d., 546. School Commissioner — Charles Alvers. d., 260: N. F. Atkins, r., 314. Surveyor — William Nowlan, d., 505: James C. Egbert, r.. 53. June 17. 1862: NeAv Constitution — For. 485; Against. 993. Art. on Bank, etc. — For. 529; Against, 916. Sec. 1, Negroes — For. 715: Against, 693. Sec. 2. Negroes— For. 1.3S2: Against, 39. Sec. 3. Ne groes — For, 1.072: Against, 237. Congressional Apportionment— For. 482; Against, 955. November 4. 1S62: State Treasurer— AVm. Butler, r.. 801; Alexan der Starne, d., 566. Superintendent Instruction — Newton Bateman, r.. 801; John P. Brooks, d.. 565. Congress — E. C. Ingersoll, r., 815: James C. Allen, d., 544. Congress — Owen Lovejoy, r.. 564; T. J. Hen derson, u.. 763; Benj. Graham, d.. 28. State Senate — Alark Bangs, r., 794: John T. Lindsay, d.. 564. Representatives — Enoch Emery, r., 777; Calvin L. Eastman, r., 79b; Wm. W. O'Brien, d.. 545: James Hol gate. d., 590. Sheriff — B. Frank Fuller, v.. 703: Thos. AV. Ross, d.. 650. Coroner — Jeffrey A. Cooley. r., 743: Theo. Bacmeister. d.. 682. November 3, 1863: Treasurer— C . AI. S. Lyon, r., 695; R. J. Dick enson, d . , 200 . Surveyor — Henry Oliver, r . , 693 ; John H . Anthonv. d . , 208. School Commissioner— N. F. Atkins, r.. 697: Robert S. Barr, d.. 210. POLITICAL IIISTOKY. 147 Novembek 17. 1863: Circuit Judge — AI. Shallenberger. d., 443; AI. AA'illiamson, r.. 887. Novembek 8. 1804: President — Geo. B. AlcClellan, d.. 613: A. Lin coln, r.. 1,174. Governor — James C. Kobinson, d.. 614: R. J. Oglesby, r., 1,174. Lieutenant-Governor — S. Corning Judd.. d.. 014: AVilliam Bross. r., 1,173. Secretary State — AA'm. A. Turney. d.. (114: Sharon Tyndale, v.. 1,174. Auditor — John Hise, d.. 014: 0. H. Aliner, r., 1,174. Treasurer — Alexander Starne, d., 014: J. Ii. Beveridge, r.. 1,174. Superintendent Instruction — John P. Brooks, d.. 614: Newton Bateman, r., 1,174. Congress at Large — James C. Allen, d., 014; Sam uel AA'. Moulton, r.. 1,174. Congress — James S. Eekles. d., 013; E. C. Ingersoll. r., 1,174.« Representative — Wm. Rounseville, d.. 013; Jacob Jamieson, d.. 012: Alex. AIcCov, r.. 1.173; R. C Dunn, r., 1.170. State's Attorney — Geo. E. Ford," d.. 011; Chas. P Taggert, r.. 1.174. Sheriff — James ZNowlan. d.. 014: John AI. BroAvn. r., 1.169. Circuit Clerk — Chas. Mvers. d.. 009: P. AI. Blair, r.. 1.17'.i. Coroner — H. AI. Hall, d., 614: John F. Rhodes, r., 1.170. AIay 7, 1804: Congress. — E. C. Ingersoll, r. 871 : Hezekiah AI. Wead, A.. 405. June 0, 1864: Supreme Judge. — Charles B. Lawrence, r., 483 : scat tering, 14. November 7. 1865 : County Judge. — Hugh Rhodes, r.. 358. Clerk — AI. A. Fuller, r., 303. Treasurer— R. J. Dickinson, r., 300. Supt. of Schools — B. G. Hall. r.. 360. Surveyor — EdAvin Butler, r., 370. November 0, lsuo : State Treasurer — George AA". Smith, r., 1.293; Jesse J. Philips, d. . 585. Supt. Instruction — Newton Bateman, r. . 1.294 : J. AI. Crebs, cb. 585. Congress at Large. — John A. Logan, r., 1,292: T. D. Dickev. d.. 585. Congress — E. C. Ingersoll, r., 1.280 ; Silas Ramsey, d., 585. State Senate— G. L. Fort, r., 1.202: AV. E. Cook, cb, 585. Repre sentative— S. F. Otman, r., 1,289 ; Thos. C. Moore, r., 1,291 : AVm. T. Doav- dall. d., 584; J. AI. Rogers, d., 585. Sheriff — Jesse Likens, r., 1,277 : Cy rus N. Anthonv. cb, 590. Coroner — John Finley. r., 1.292 : David Fast, Jr., d., 579. June 3. 1807 : Clerk Supreme Court — W. AI. Taylor, r., 575 : S. J. AIcFadden, d., 8. Circuit Judge — S. D. Pttterbaugh, r., 437 : H. AI. AA'ead, cb. 209 ; J. K. Cooper, i., 21." November 5, 1807 : Keeping up Stock — For, 005 : against, 401. Treasurer — R. J. Dickinson, r., 765 ; Patrick Nowlan, d., 32 7. Surveyor — Edwin Butler, r., 658; John H. Anthony, d., 328. November 3, 1868: President — Seymour, d., 705; Grant, r., 1,394. Governor — John R. Eden, d., 719 ; John AI. Palmer, r.. 1,381. Lieutenant Governor — AA'm. II. A'an Epps, cb, 717: John Dougherty, r., 1,381. Sec retary of State — G. A'an Horebeke, d.. 713; Edward Rummel, r., 1,384. Auditor — John R. Shannon, d., 716; Charles E. Lippineott. r., 1,377. State Treasurer — Jesse J. Phillips, d., 716; Erastns N. Bates, r., 1,382. Attorney-General — Robert E. AVilliams, d.. 716 ; AVash. Bushnell, r., 1,381. Penitentiary Commissioners — J. AA'. Connet. cb. 716; AA'. AI. Garrard, d., 716; Calneh Zarley, d., 716; AndreAv Shttmaii, r., 1,382 : John Reid, r., 1,382 ; Robt. E. Logan, r.. 1,383. Congress at Large — AV. W. O'Brien, d., 715; John A. Logan, r. . 1,382. Congress— John N. Niglas, d., 717: E. C. Ingersoll, r., 1,351 : Samuel Dorr, t.. 3. Board of Equalization — AA'm. French, d., 615 ; Ela H. Clapp, r., 1.380. Constitutional Convention — For, 582 : Against, 664. States Attorney— J. AV. Cochran, d., 720 : Chas. 148 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. P. Taggart, r., 1,361. Representative — Patrick NoAvlan, d., 738; Henry Truitt, d., 731; B. F. Thompson, r., 1,352; AV. E. Phelps, r., 1,360. Circuit Clerk— Wm. Lowman, d., 768 ; John AI. Brown, r., 1,302. Sheriff — C. P. Jackson, d., 720; S. AI. Adams, r., 1,305. Coroner — AA'm. Brad ley, d., 716 ; Thomas Hall, r., 1,370. Noa'EMBER 2, 1869 : Constitutional Convention — Henry N. Wells, r., 704; AI. A. Fuller, r., 723; Henry Grove, cb, 260; AL Shallenberger, d., 274. County Judge — Hugh Rhodes, r.. 699 ; James Snare, i., 273. County Clerk— Oliver Whitaker, r., 737; Thos. J. AVright, d., 234. Treasurer— R. J. Dickinson, r. . 700; Benj. A. NeAvton, i., 254. Superintendent of Schools— B. G. Hall, i\, 081 ; John AV. Agard, d., 280. Surveyor— Edwin Butler, r., 702; J. H. Anthony, d., 268. July 2, 1870 : New Constitution — For, 609 ; Against, 65. November 8, 1870: State Treasurer — E. N. Bates, r., 768; Charles Ridgly, d., 494; R. J. Hammond, t., 3. Penitentiary Commissioners — Elmer Washburn, r., 767; Cisper Butz, r., 767; Frank T. Sherman, cb. 494; Thomas Redman, d., 493 ; J. F. Simson, t., 3 ; Joseph Smith, t., 3. Super intendent of Public Instruction — Carl Feinse, cb, 495 : NeAvton Bateman, r., 762 ; D. AVilkins, t., 3. Sheriff— S. AI. Adams, r., 665 ; E. B. Lyon, d., 581. Coroner — P. P. Johnson, r., 490; James Culbertson, i.. 400; Madi son AA'inn, d., 348. State Senate. — Lucien II. Kerr, r., 691 ; Alark Bangs, r., 766; J. AV. Cochran, d., 514; W. E. Cook, d., 494; Lucien E. Kerr, error, 49. Representative — AI. A. Fuller, r., 759; James AI. Rogers, d., 496. Congress at Large — John A. Logan, r., 763, AA'm. B. Anderson, d., 495; J. W. Nicholson, t.. 3. Congress— E. C. Ingersoll, r., 547; B. N. Stevens, d., 586 ; F. B. Ives, t., 63. November 7, 1871 : Congress at Large — John L. Beveridge, r., 040 : Samuel S. Hays, cb, 343. Surveyor — Edwin Butler, r., 015 ; John An thony, d., 351. Treasurer — R. J. Dickinson, r., 489 ; Geo. Nicholas, cb, 486 ; Alex. Hepperly, i., 5. November 5, 1872: President — Grant, r., 1218; Greeley, 1. i\, 606: O'Connor, d.. 5. Governor — R. J. Oglesby, r., 1217; Gustavus Koerner. 1. r., 665; Sidney Creese, d., 5. Lieutenant Governor — J. L. Beverage, r., 1221; Charles Black, 1. d., 603; S. B. Allen, 0; B. S. Storrs, d., 5. Secretary of State — Geo. H. HarloAV, r., 1218; Edward Rummel, 1. v.. 064; J.'AV. AA'allace, 7; Ethan Sutton, d., 5. Auditor — C. E. Lippen- cott, r.,1192; Daniel OTiarra, 1. d., 07O; O. E. Burch, 0: C. II. AVeit- man, d., 5. State Treasurer — Edward Rutz, r., 1220; C. Ii. Lanphier, L, 664; Geo. Dietrich, 7; Henry AArest, d., 4. Attorney General — Jas. K. Edsall, r., 1219; John A' Eustace. 1. d., 003; John O. Robinson, 7; Geo. A. Meach, d., 4. Board of Equalization — Rufus AA'. Miles, r., 1.222: Samuel P. Marshall, 1. d., 669. Clerk of Supreme Court — Cario D. Trimble, r., 1223; Eli Smith, b, 004: J. K. Malburn, d., 5. Congress — N. E. AVorthington, 1. r., 077; Granville Barrere, r., 1210; J. II. Nicholas, d., 4. State Senate — L. B. Whiting, r.. 1213; Milo Ken dal], L, 668. Representative — Cyrus Bocock, r., 1804; Joab R. AIul- vane, r., 1834£; AI. R. Dewey, 1. r., 19404. Circuit Clerk — J. AI. Brown, r., 1144; II. J. Cosgrove, 1. r., 097 Sheriff— S. AI. Adams, r., 1138; E. B. Lyon, 1. d., 740. States Attorney — J. H. Aliller, r., 1150; P AI. Blair. 1. r., 0!i7. Coroner — P. P. Johnson, r., 1165; AV. T. Hall, 1. r., 002; James Culbertson, i., 43. Juxe 3, 1873: Circuit Judge— Henry B. Hopkins, r., 420; J. W. Cochran, a. m. d., 2 73; Henry AV. AVells, i., 76. Supreme Judge — C. B. Lawrence, r., 470; A. Ai . Craig, a. m. d., 299. TECUMSEH — CHIEF OF THE SHAWNEES POLITICAL history. 151 Novkmbeu 4. 1873: County Judge — AV. AV. AVright, r.,702; D. Low- man, a. m. r., 088. Clerk- — David J. AA'alker, r. , 787; J. Armstrong, a. m. r., 059. Treasurer — Orlando Brace, r., 733; G. AA'. Nicholas, a. m. d., 709. Superintendent Schools — Alonzo Abbot, r., 780; E. II. Phelps, a. m., 635. November 3, 1874: State Treasurer — T . S. Ridgeway, r., 779; David Gore, a. m. d.,571. State Superintendent Schools — Wm. B. Powell, r., 795; S. M. Etter, a. m. r., 553. Congress— R. II. Whiting, r., 711; L. F. Ross, a. m. d.,630. State Senate — L. D. Whiting, r., 773; J. Benedict, a. m., 574. Representative — A. G. Hammond, r., 1298; Jonas II. Moore, r., 987; Davis Lowman, a. m. r., 907; J. J. Herron, a. m. d., 816. Sheriff — S. M. Adams, r., 863; A. A. Gingrich, a. m. d., 481. Coroner — AV. II. Butler, r. 801; S. Grimshaw, a. m. v., 540. Noa'EMBER 2 1875 . Treasurer — Orlando Brace, r . , 493 ; AA' . K . Fuller, 1. r., 457. Surveyor— Edwin Butler, r., 501; John II. Ogle, 1. d., 437! Elections, 1876 : Twenty-one Presidential Electors; r., 1,440 ; d., 7S6; g. b., 90 ; pro., 4. Governor — Shelby AI. Collum, r., 1,493; LeAvis Steward, d., 880; James F. Simpson, g. b., ; Samuel B. Allen, pro., 4. Congress — Thomas A. Boyd, r., 1,367; George A. Wilson, d., 842 ; AArilliam AV . Mathews, g . b . , 104 . Representatives — Daniel J . Hurd, i\, 2,078 ; Charles Baldwin, r., 2,0274; James Nowlan. d., 2,0204 ; James J. Herron, g. b., 644^. State's Attorney — Bradford F. Thompson, r., 1,161; John E. Decker, d., 1,111. Clerk of Circuit Court — John AI. Brown, r., 1,418 ; David Tinlin, d„ 880. Sheriff — Samuel AI. Adams, r., 1,477; James M. Lawman, d., 827; AVilliam J. A7anee, — ., 1. Coroner — AVilson Trickle, r., 1,433 ; William B. Armstrong, d., 879. Elections, 1877: Judge 8th Circuit — David McCulloch, r., 360; Elbridge G. Johnson, — , 42 ; Geaser A. Roberts, d.. 172 ; John B. Cohns, d., 5. County Judge — AVilliam AV. AVright, r., 809; Patrick AI. Blair, d., 409. Clerk — David J. AA'alker, r., 1,221; David Lowman, pro., 4 : Treasurer — Orlando Brace, r., 676 ; Donaid Murchinson, r., 137; P. S. Mattox, d., 150 ; AVilliston K. Fuller, g. b., 251. Elections, 1878: Congress — Thomas A. Boyd, r., 997: George A. AVilson, d., 332 ; Alex. AleKeighan, g. b., 452. State Senator — Lorenzo D. Whiting, r., 996 ; James McGinnis, g. b., 589; Alex. II. Thompson, — , 311. Representatives — Simon Elliott, r., 1,6604; Alartin Shallen berger, d., 9294 ; Albert G . Scott, g. b., 1,361 : Sylvester F. Ottman, r., 1,763. Sheriff— C. F. Hamilton, d., 806; S. AI. Adams, v.. 1,095; Andrew Galbraith, r., 1. Coroner — AV. B. Armstrong, g. b., 892 ; John F. Rhodes, r.. 1,017. Constitutional Amendment — To amend sec. 31, art. 4, 1,794; against, 69. Elections, 1879: Treasurer — Orlando Brace, r., S42 ; Absolam D. Perrine, g. b., 606. Surveyor — Manning A. Hall, r., 902; John AV. Agard, d., 536. Elections, 1880 : Pres. Electors — TAventy-one Electors, r., 1,383; d., 681; g. b., 380; pro., 4. Governor — Shelby AlcCullom, r., 1,378; Lyman Trumbull, d., 084; Ahin J. Streeter, g. b.,382; Uriah Copp, pro., 4. Congress, 9th — John II. LeAvis, r., 1,363 ; John S. Lee, d., 094; Wm. II .' Reynolds, g. b., 372. Board of Equalization — AA'm. Alel- lor, r., 1,383 ; Charles F. Robison, d., 083 ; AlattheAV II. Mitchell, — , 379. Representatives — Charles BaldAvin, r., 1,9104; Sy blester F. Ottman, v.. 2.3134; John II. AVelsh, g. b., 1,989; Simon Elliott, d,, 1,0774; C. Otman, 6. State's Attorney— Bradford F. Thompson, r., 1,291 ; AA'm. 15_ HISTORY ok stark county. E. Scoff, d., 1,110. Circuit Court Clerk — lohn M. Brown, r., 1,357; Samuel U. Brees, d.. 1,040. Sheriff — Samuel AV. Adams, r.. 1,397; Eugene. B. Lyon, d., 1 ,032. Coroner — lohn K. Rhodes, v., 1 ,378 ; Robert \V. King, g. b., 1,052. Constitutional Amendment — Lor amendment of hoc. 8, art. 10. 803; against, 050. Ei.kctions 1882: Congress 10th— John II, Lewis, r.. 1,148; Nicholas E. AVorthington, d., 553;' Matthew 11. Mitchell, g. !>.. 320, Senator 25th — Lorenzo I). Whiting, r., 842; .lohn E. Decker, d.,785; John C. Copestake, g. b., 329; Representative 25th — John Laokie, v., 1,8954,; James V. Thomson, g. B., 1,391; John 11. AVelsh, d., 1,451.}; A. li. Avery, i\, 1,1634;; John T. Thornton, pro., ,53£. County Judge — Wil liam 'AV. AVright, r., 1,1.78; David MeCance.'d., 517; George W. Bradley, g. It.. 327. 'Clerk— David J. Walker, r., 1,230; Patrick M. Bluir. d., 401; S. li. Hazen, g. b., 318. Sheriff — Andrew Ualhraith, r., .1,278; Ira G. Foster, d., 396; Thomas Gomtnoll, g. b,, 352. Coroner — Charles AV. Teeter, r., 1,172; David (!. Plnnunor.'d .. 512; It. W. Young, g. h., 302. Treasurer — Orlando Bruno, r., 1,137; John II. Anthony, d., 401; John Dexter, g. b., 476. Superintendent Schools — AVilliam It. Sandham, r., 1.129; Amelia L. Halsey, nid., 610; B. P. Jackson, g. h., 229. Ap propriation — For the $531,712. 18. 862; against, 558. Canal Cession — For, 1,435; against, 181. Elkctions 1884: President — Junius (1. Blaine, r., 1,365; drove. Cleveland, d., 784; B. P. Butlor, g. b.. 99; Sf. John, pro., 212. Cov- emor — Richard J. Oglesby, v., 1,384; Carter II. Iliii'rison, d., 790; James B. llobhs, g. b., 92; Jesse Harper, pro., 190. Congress — Nicholas A. AVorthington, d., 1,102; Julius S. Starr, r., 1,330. Board oT Kqtialiea- tion — AVilliam Moolor, r., 1,379; It. A. 1'orkiiiH, cl., 791. 1 top rose nU- tives — Simon Elliott, g. b., 905£; •'nines II. Miller, r,, 2.O06; Albert W. Boydon, r., 2,038; Eli V. Rally, d.. 2,057. States Attorney— John E, Decker, d., 1,268; Bradford P. Thompson, i\, 1,084. Circuit Court Clerk — John M. Brown, v., .1 ,403; l.'anl Nowfcon, ind., 1,032. Coronor Sedgwick It. Iliwen, g. b., 1,038; David S. Burroughs, v., 1,875. Sur veyor — Carson BerlieTd, d., 1,082; Kdwin Butler, r,, 1,376. Commifteo on Amendments — Por amendment of sec. 16, art. 5, 1,207; against. 258; for state house appropriation, 850; against, 1,249. Elections 1885: Judgo Circuit Court— David McCnllough, r,,898; N. M. Laws, r., 874; Thomas M. Shaw, d., 092; Samuel S. Page, d,, 734; Nathan AV. Green, cl., 641 . Kluction of 1886: State Treasurer — Tanner, r., 1,233; Iticker, d., 785; Austin, pro., 134. Superintendent Instruction — Edwards, i\, 1,232; Oldt, (I., 779; Gilmer, pro., 130. Congress — Lost, i\, 1,194; Worthing- ton, (I., 890; MoCullonh, pro., 123. Sonato — Washburn, r.. 1,887; Bry ant, d., 851; Trimble, pro., 131. Representative — James II. Miller, r.. 2,238; Pomeroy, d., 1,148; Morrasy, pro,, 33; Doxfcor, r., 8,684; Bloom, d., 351. Judge— Puller, r., 1,280; Shallonhorger, il., 770; Nowlan, pro., 133; Clerk— Walker, r., 1,250; Nowlan, d,, 830; CalliHon, pro., 183. Treas urer— Hawks, r., 1,263; Colwell, d,, 801; Oliver, pro., 136. Sheriff — Montooth, v., 1,254; Hamilton, d., 639; Newton, pro., 290. Superin tendent Schools — Sandham, r., 1,280; Sherman, d., 591; Mrs. StoulTor, pro., 308. Coroner — Sprague, v., "1,217; Rogers, cl., 775; Nowlarid, pro., 157. In November, 1886, a majority of 308 votes opposed tlio proposed constitutional amendment. It JHHtatod on good authority that Benja- roi.rne.vi. history. 153 min Tumor, James if. Thomas, and AVm. LoAvman wore delegates to the Chicago River and Harbor convention of 1S49; but there is no mention of a Stark County delegation in the reports of that meeting made by Horace Greeley. The office of Master in Chancery AA'as established here in 1853. Avhen II. J. Drimiinond Avas appointed. In 1854 Martin Shallenberger was commissioned, and served until 1859, when James A. Henderson received the appointment, but resigned m May, 186:.. George A. Clifford was appointed, but did not tile bonds. In 1865 he Avas succeeded by James "NY. Hewitt, and be by Judge AA'. AA'. Wright in 1869, who tilled the office until 1875. In this year John E. Decker received the position. In 1879 Allen P. Miller was commissioned Master, and served until the appointment of Patrick M. Blah* in 1886. Local Politicxd Conventions. — The first eoiiAention or caucus ever held in Stark county was in 1838, followed by the more important one of 1839. For the decade and a half succeeding there is nothing on record to show who participated in political organization beyond the election returns embraced in this chapter. The Democratic convent ion for Peoria and Stark counties assem bled at Princeville. August 14. 1856. James Holgate presided, with E. P. O'Donnell and KosAvell Bills, secretaries. The delegates from Stark conntv A\Tere Benj. Turner. J. Janiieson. Elisha Barton. Sylvester F. Otman, Paul Rouse, jr., Nicholas Sturm, AA'. D. Blanchard, and James Holgate. The delegates-at-large were B. M. Jackson. E. M. Enierv, AAT. B. Armstrong, and "W. Ogle. J. WT. Parker was nom inated for prosecuting attorney, and jVlartin Shallenberger for repre sentative. The following notice appeared under date. AVyoming, ID., September -?9. 1856; "*The Old Line AVhigs of Stark are requested to meet at Toulon, October 8, 1856. for the purpose of organizing the old AY lug party." This was signed by Ilenrv Butler. This meeting A\~as duly" held, and the republican ticket of that year approved. The American caucus followed with their nominations, and the officers of 1111*66 parties were named for the thrilling campaign of that year. Stephen A. Douglas visited Toulon, "October _(!, 1858. The next day Abraham Lincoln arrived. The iirst Lincoln man in Stark county was Hugh Godfrey, the wagon-maker, who. in 1858, after Lincoln's visit to Toulon, wrote Avith eiialk on the cross-beam of bis shop : •¦ For President in I860, Abraham Lincoln." "When asked was he in earnest, he said, "Old A lie is the man I am going to A"ote for in 180o." and he did vote for him. E. AA'. Blaisdell, who is still living in Rockford. 111., claims to be the first man Avho publicly suggested Abraham Lincoln for President. This he did in a ^ringing editorial" in the Rockford Repuh/icin. of Avhich he was editor during the memorable Lincoln- Douglas senatorial campaign. The joint discussion between tt. C. Ingersoll and Judge Kellogg took place at Toulon, September X 18t<0. Throughout the winter of 18t>o-l, -Kansas Meetings" were held in every ""township, when monevs and supplies were liberally con tributed for aid of the Kansas sufferers. The Democrat, in noticing the republican ratification meeting at Toulon, says: "We are informed that the Hon. M. G. Brace has a 154 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY'. splinter of the veritable rail that " Old Hanks " brought into the Re publican State Convention. If a rail can make Lincoln president, cer tainly a splinter ought to send Mr. Brace to the legislature. Readers, the genuineness of this splinter is Avell authenticated. There has been a cjuestion about the rails ivhich the Republicans had at their ratifica tion meeting, some people saying the}' Avere stolen from Culbertsoms fence, but you can rely on this splinter." The unconditional LJnion convention of Stark county assembled October 19, 1863. Avith O. AYhitaker president and Dr. A. M. Pierce secretary. The Union convention of 1864 assembled August 20, George AAT. Dewev president. The delegates Avere: Toulon — George W. Dewev. Brady FoAvler, George W." Scott, R. C. Dunn, James Johnson, C M. S. Lyon and Hiram Willett. AYest Jersey — Jacob Young, J. Raymond, S. H. Sanders, I. L. Xewman and E. B. Pomeroy. Osceola — John Lackie, I. AY. Searle, Alfred Foster and J. G. Fowler. Goshen — J. H. AYilbur, Hugh Rhodes, D. M. Kelly, Charles Ilines and J. H. Barnett. Elmira — Walter M. Fuller, James Buswell, LeAvis Austin and George Grey. Penn — George Moss, William Eagelston, John Ackley and Robert M. Bocock. A'alley — Joseph Woodward, H. McA'icker and J. M. Rogers. Essex — H. A. Hoist, O. C. AA'alker, Joseph Cox. Hopkins Shivers and Edward Trickle. The delegates to congressional convention elected Avere P. M. Blair, AA'. II. Butler, John Schank and James Blanchard. Davis Lowman. Isaac Thomas and P. M. Blair Avere elected members of the central committee. The Chicago TriJmne, published September. 1876. gaA'e an account of the Sons of Liberty in Illinois, and their design to capture Camp Douglas and release the Confederate prisoners in November, 1864. In the list of prominent members of the order the present postmaster ( Judd) of Chicago, Martin Shallenberger of Toulon, and a half a dozen of men from Putnam, Henry. Knox and Marshall counties are men tioned. In reference to those terrible days, it might be added that had not cool heads led the people of Stark their zeal would haA'e brought them to the execution of four or five neighbors, and thus blacken one of the proudest Avar records in Illinois. It is a fact that neither Judd. Shallenberger, or any of the men named in the report, entertained the idea of rescuing the prisoners. The I'nion League, then in full force here, embraced almost the entire number of republican voters residing here. The differences ex isting between the Knights and League did not rest at all on the former's sympathy Avith the rebellion, but were grounded mainly on plans for a settlement between the North and South. The Uncondi tional Union party of Stark county called a convention for September 23, 1865, which call Avas signed by P. M. Blair, Davis Lowman and Isaac Thomas, Union Central Committee. The first soldiers convention of Stark county Avas held October 21, 1865, and nominated a soldier's ticket for comity officers. Rev. A. J. Wright, nominated for county judge, S. F. Ottman for county clerk and OliA'er AA'hite, for superintendent of schools, declined the nomina tion. On August 27. 1869. the temperance conA'ention held at Buda, POLITICAL HISTORY. 155 nominated Rev. F. B. Ives, for congress. It is related that up to this time temperance ideas grew apace under the genial guidance of tem perance associations ; but noAV politics crept into each meeting room, organization decayed, so to speak, and men Avho Avere reclaimed solely by association, fell back into their drunken Avays. The anti-polygamy meeting, held at Toulon on February, 1882, Avas addressed by Judge Wright, A. P. Miller, B. F. Thompson and Rev erends Myers and Stouffer. J. II. Miller offered the resolution as folio ays : " Resolved, by the citizens of Toulon in mass meeting assem bled, irrespectiA'e of sex, political parties, or religious creeds ; being fully impressed with the belief that all citizens, no matter Avhere situ ated, should and do look Avith horror upon the encroachment of any thing that tends to invade our homes, or the homes of our felloAv citi zens ; as Avell as any teaching or practice that tends to set at dehance the sanctity of the marriage relation, or doctrine that under the pre tense of a revelation defies the laAvs of both God and man, Avhich have declared from time immemorial in all civilized nations and govern ments,.' that one man should have but one Avife, and one Avoman but one husband ; except in ca~>e of death or a legal separation in conform ity Avith the laws of civilized legislation, Avhen either is at liberty to marry again.' And Ave denounce in unmeasured terms any doctrines or teachings that recognize any in\Tasion of the sanctity of the mar riage relation, or endangers social order as understood in all enlightened governments ; being Avithout precedent in the past, and in utter defi ance of all that is pure or sacred." The second resolution denounced mormonism and its practices, and called upon the journalist, preacher and orator to act and speak in favor of the bill then before congress. In the fall of 1882 the differences between the republicans of Stark and Bureau counties -in re the senatorial convention, Avere amicably adjusted. The greenback county convention held at Wyoming, in August, 1884, endorsed the county ticket of the prohibition and democratic parties. The democratic and republican conventions of that year par took in a great measure of the interest attached to the presidential campaign. The first prohibition convention of the 10th congressional district assembled at Elmwood, September 28, 1886. Stark Avas represented by R. C. Baker, J. M. Jones, Wm. A. NeAvton, E. B. Lyon, Eli Emer- ick, J. C. Atherton, Rev. D. G. Stouffer, II. Y. Godfrey. Judge David McGulloch receiA^ed the nomination for congress, William Nolan is president of the central committee. The greenback district convention was held at Peoria, September 15, 1886. The Stark county delegates were Jacob Shulaw, AV. H. Sherman, C. F. Hamilton, Dexter G. D. Eagleston, Anton Sundguist, Philip Bromer, Michael Ryan, Allen Burl, J. B. Robinson, Richard Hoaclley, John Foster Coulson. Some discussion folloAved the propo sition to nominate a greenback ticket, and in the confusion which fol lowed, Richard Hoaclley, chairman of the Stark county delegation, announced that, " as it Avas very plain to be seen that tiie convention Avas being run by bulldozers, that they could hope for no impartial _ 156 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. decisions by the chair they should withdraAv from the convention." This they immediately did, followed by a large portion of the Knox county delegation and a part of the Peoria county delegation. Fif teen delegates remained, nominated W. T. Wallace, and resolved to call their ticket " The National Labor Party." The thirty-nine avIio withdrew, met in John Brady's office as a regular convention, adopted four resolutions, one of Avhich Avas an approA'al of Mr. Worthington's course in Congress, and one expressive of adhesion to the greenback party. The committee on resolutions comprised J. T. Thompson, C. F. Llamilton and IrAvin J. Clark. The nominee for Congress declined and A. M. Clark Avas subsequently selected. The Republican conArention of the tenth district Avas held at Gales burg, August 26, 1886. Col. William Jackson, Miles A. Fuller, and B. I Thompson represented the county on the committees of creden tials, organization, and resolutions respectiA'ely. A. G. Hammond's motion to proceed Avith an informal ballot Avas carried, and the roll of counties for nomination being called, J. A. Leeper, of Fulton, nom inated Hon. G. Barrere ; G. W. Price, of Knox, nominated Gen. P. S. Post ; and B. F. Thompson, of Stark, nominated Judge W. W. Wright as the unanimous choice of Stark county. Mr. John McGinnis, of Peoria, seconded the nomination of Mr. AAXght. The roll was then called and stood as folloAvs: Fulton, 23 for Barrere; Knox, 25 for Post ; Peoria, 15 for Post and 15 for AVright ; Stark, 7 for Wright, making a total of 23 for Barrere, 40 for Post, and 22 for Wright. Before the announcement of the vote by the chairman, the Fulton county delegates changed their votes from Barrere to Wright, making the total vote stand 45 for AAXght and 40 for Post. A motion to adjourn Avas lost by a vice cex-e vote,'but carried by a rising A'ote. On reassembling, the first formal ballot AA'as taken as folkws: Fulton, AYright 21, Post 2; Knox, Post 25; Peoria, AVright 12, Post 18; Stark, AAT right 7; total, Post 45; AAXght 40. On motion of Capt. Thompson, Gen. Post's nomination Avas made unanimous. Mr. Thompson's speech in nominating Judge AA7 right Avas highly compli mented by the Galesburg and Peoria papers. Judge AAT right made a speech, promising his best support and that of Stark county to the successful candidate. The Democratic Congressional convention of the tenth district for 188(1 was held at Canton. X. E. AArorthington Avas renominated. S. Y. Thornton, of the Fulton county Ledger, called the convention to order. Dr. Walter Hall, of Toulon, Avas made chairman of the con vention, and J. E. Walsh, of Peoria, secretary. The delegates to the convention from this county were U. II. BroAvn, Dr. AAT T. Hall, Ed Colgan, and Frank Thomas. The alternates were J. M. Rogers, W. T. Ditmon, T. AV. Ross, and Matthew McKeigban. The delegates were instructed for X. E. AA'orthington. The Stark county prohibition convention, Avhich met at Toulon, .June 12, lssii, made the following nominations for county officers: AArm. Nowtan, of Lafayette, for county judge; G. E. Callison, of Toulon, for county cleric; Mrs. D. G. Stouffer, of AVvoming, for super intendent of schools; AV A. Newton, of Toulon, 'for sheriff; AA'm. POLITICAL HISTORY. 157 Newland, -of Toulon, for coroner. The following were appointed delegates to attend the state prohibition convention held at Spring field, June 23, 1886: J. M. Jones, Lafayette; Eli Emery, Toulon; S. R. Hazen, West Jersey ; and J. C. Copestake, AVyoming. The Greenback county convention assembled August 2S, 1886, Avith W. B. Armstrong as chairman, and C. F. Hamilton as secretary. Jacob Shulow, Henry Colwell, and W. II. Sherman composed the committee on organization. Dr. King, of AA'est Jersey; J. B. Robin son, of Essex; and Richard Hoaclley Avere the committee appointed to confer with a committee from the Democratic convention on the ticket to be indorsed by this convention. The report of this committee was receiA'ed, and upon motion adopted, to indorse the ticket nominated by the Democratic county comTention. The folloAving Avere appointed delegates to the congressional convention, Avith instructions to vote for the renomination of N. E. Worthington : Jacob ShuloAV, of Valley ; Philip Beamer and AndreAV Kamerer, of AVest Jersey; Michael Ryan and Allen Beall, of A'alley; AV. H. Sherman, John Dexter and G. D. Eagleston, of Penn; Richard Hoaclley, Foster Coulson and Antony Sundquist, of Toulon ; Henry Cohvell, of Essex. The following Avere appointed a committee to attend the representative and senatorial convention, to be held at Princeton, September 21, 1886 : Dr. R. AV. King, George VanSickle, J. W. Cole and Thomas Dryden, of West Jersey ; C. F. Hamilton, of Osceola ; W. B. Armstrong, J. B. Robinson and A. J. Smith, of Essex ; John Black, Nathan Snare and Fred Greenwood, of Toulon; Frank Kissinger and Elbert Drawyer, of Penn; John A. Colgan, of Valley; James Jackson, of Elmira.. The delegates chosen to the state convention Avere Henry Cohvell, of Essex; AV. H. Sherman and John Dexter, of Penn. The members of the Greenback county central committee Avere chosen as folloAvs: J. B. Robinson, of Essex; Elisha SAvank, of AA'est Jersey ; Jacob ShuloAV, of Valley ; AV. II. Sherman, of Penn ; Henry Cohvell, of Essex. In 1884 the prohibition vote of this county Avas 99, and of the dis trict, 583, increased in 1886 to 123 and 869 respectively. The Democratic County Convention assembled at Payne's Opera House, Wyoming, August 30, 1S86. Patrick M. Blair, of Toulon, Avas elected temporary chairman, and George Nolan, of Toulon, temporary secretary. Harmon Phenix, U. H. BroAvn, John II. Ogle, S. II. McKeighan, and AVilliam SfeY^enson Avere chosen a committee on cre^ dentials ; and A. J. Sturm, T. W. Ross and James LYail a committee on permanent organization. They reported in favor of U. II. Brown, of Goshen, for chairman, and George Nolan, of Toulon, for secretary, and these gentlemen Avere chosen. Frank Thomas, John E. Decker, Will A. Scott, and W. A. Truax were made a committee to confer Avith a similar committee of the Greenback convention in session. The folloAving Avere made a committee to select the names of candidates for the county offices, to be filled at the coming election : Willis Pierson, IT. C. BroAvn, James Estep, J. M. Rogers, P. M. Blair, James G. Brady, W. T. Ditmon, Humphrey Avery, A. J. Sturm. The confer ence committee had agreed with the Greenback committee that only 158 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. one ticket should be nominated by both conventions, and also had agreed upon the names of candidates for the offices to be filled, and the committee to name candidates reported in favor of the names agreed upon, which Avere : For County Judge, Martin Shallenberger ; County Clerk, James Nowlan; County Superintendent of Schools, Wm. H. Sherman; County Treasurer, Llenry Cohvell; Sheriff, Henry Hamilton ; Coroner, James M. Rogers. The delegates to the legislative convention Avere : J. E. Decker, Harmon Phenix, Benjamin Turner, T. W. Ross, Winfield Scott, Dr. O. C. Darling, Chester Turner, and C. P. Jackson. To fill vacancies on the county central committee, the folloAving Avere chosen : Echvin Ferris for Penn, Willis Pierson for West Jersey, and Madison Winn for West Toulon, vice Winfield Scott, A. W. Pal mer, and J. Knox Hall, resigned. The democratic senatorial convention at Princeton, September 28, nominated John P. Bryan for state senator and A. Morrasy and J. M. Rogers for representatives. Benjamin Turner was a delegate from Stark county, and was accompanied thither by his son Chester. The republican county convention, held in August, 1886. The meeting Avas called to order by J. M. Brown, and E. S. Buffum, of Lafayette, chosen temporary chairman, and F. C. Willson, of Brad ford, secretary. C. W. Young, Cyrus Bocock, and A. G. Hammond Avere appointed a committee on credentials. J. D. Quinn, John Lackie, Jacob Graves, AVilliam Jackson, and S. F. Otman, committee on permanent organization, Avho reported in favor of the officers named. I). J. Walker Avas declared in nomination for county clerk, John HaAvks for county treasurer. AV. R. Sandham for county superin tendent of schools, and Dr. L. T. Sprague, of Lafayette, for coroner. An informal ballot was now taken for candidates for county judge, and the following Avere brought out : M. A. Fuller, B. F. Thompson, G. C. VanOsdel, A. P. Miller. On vote being taken, M. A. Fuller received 37 ;B. F. Thompson, 22; A. P. Miller, 11; G. C. VanOsdel, 3. Mr. Fuller having received a majority of all the votes cast Avas declared in nomination. An informal ballot was next taken for candidates for sheriff, and the folloAving presented : James Montooth, John F. Rhodes, B. A. Newton, J. R. Jones. On vote being taken, Montooth received 25 ; J. F. Rhodes, 20 ; J. R. Jones, 10 ; B. A. Newton, 12. Second balloting, , Montooth received 35 ; Rhodes, 20 ; J. R. Jones, 10 ; C. R. Miner, 2. Montooth having received a majority of all the votes cast was declared in nomination. 0. W. Young, W. T. Dickinson, and X. J. Smith Avere appointed a committee to select delegates to the congressional convention, which selection was as follows and accepted bv the comTention : E. S. Buffum, A. G. Hammond, Cyrus Bocock, AVilliam Jackson, M. A. Fuller, D. S. Hewitt, B. F. Thompson. The folloAving Avere the delegates appointed to the republican state con vention : John Lackie, AAr F. Price, <). Brace. The following were selected as tin1 county central committee : B. R. BroAvn, of West Jer sey ; E. S. Buffum, of Goshen; Perry AA'inn, of East Goshen; Jacob Graves, of South Essex ; A. G. Hammond, of North Essex ; J. M. Brown, of Toulon; Marsh Winn, of East Toulon; William Jackson, THE COURTS AND BAR. 159 of Elmira ; Samuel Wrigley, of Valley ; Cyrus Bocock, of Penn ; Joseph Flemming, of Osceola. The committee was organized with J. M. BroAvn chairman and E. S. Buffum secretary. The following AArere appointed by the caucus as delegates to the legislative conven tion, to be held at Princeton; September 7 : NeAvton J. Smith, Niles A. Fuller, A. W. King, J. A. Clock, C. W. Brown, B. F. Garrett, T. H. Crone, A. G. Hammond, Wilson Trickle, L. Egbert, Perry Winn, Sam uel White. At the republican legislative convention held at Princeton Septem ber 7, Edward A. Washburn, present county treasurer of Bureau county, Avas nominated for state senator. Sterling Pomeroy, of Bureau county, and James H. Miller, of Stark county, Avere nominated for representath^es. The victors and vanquished of the campaign, which folloAved the several nominations, are referred to in the pages devoted to election returns ; Avhile in the pages devoted to family history the greater num ber of them find mention. CHAPTER VIII. THE COURTS AND BAR. ROM the earliest period in the history of the Avorld the ad vocate has existed and made his presence known where men of other trades were silent and unfelt. The author of "Paradise Lost" lived at a time Avhen mental revolutions reduced humanity to a state of skepticism and left the con science of the people uncontrolled by that spiritual govern ment Avhich for centuries ruled the Christian world, and judging from the experiences of that time declared that " most men are allured to the trade of laAv, grounding their purposes not on the prudent and heavenly contemplation of justice and equity, Avhich was never taught them, but on the promising and pleas ing thoughts of litigious terms, fat contentions and floAving fees." The advances made by society in after years fostered certain ambitions, and among the highest of them was to attain the prof ession of thelaAv. It became a great never-ending study, and thus in Johnson's time the bar embraced " Men of that large profession, avIio can speak To every cause, and things indeed contraries, Till they are hoarse again, yet all be law : That with most quick agility can turn, And return, make knots, and undo them, Give forked counsel, take provoking gold From either side and put it up." In the earlier years of the county the circuit laAvyers, principally from Peoria, Galesburg, Canton, and other old pioneer centers of the military tract Avere well known in the courts of Stark. The coming of W. \V. Drummond to establish an office formed an introduction to 10 160 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. a permanent local bar, but not until 1847, when Martin Shallenberger settled at Toulon, did the numbers of circuit lawyers attending Stark county courts decrease. Within the last four decades Stark county has claimed many excellent laAvyers, and even furnished a feAv to the new states and territories. In the folloAving pages brief notices of the old and new bar are made. The Circuit Court of Fulton county, the first connected with Northern Illinois, was held April 26, 1824. There was not another term of the court held until November, 10, 1825, when John York Sawyer, presided. Judge SaAvyer was one of those early judges who had no finely furnished and fitted room in which ,to hold court. It Avas the humble cabin, or plain board building, in Avhich this able judge presided. He has been known to hold court upon the bank of the MackinaAv river in Tazewell county. Lie Avas a man eminently suited to the times. John Twing, attorney general pro tern., acted as pros ecuting attorney at this term, and Stephen DeAvey, clerk. Ossian M. Ross officiated as sheriff. This Avas the first circuit at that time, and extended throughout the northern part of the state. A feAv years later it was changed to the fifth, and included all the country in the military tract, even the counties of Cook and Jo Daviess. In May, 1831, Judge Young opened the first session of the first circuit court for Putnam county. Among the petit jurors present were John Whitaker, Wm. Boyd, Wm. Wright, Ezekiel Thomas and Justus Ament. A number of fines were imposed on absent jurors, most of Avhich Avere remitted. In September, 1831, the names of Benjamin Smith, Sylvanus Moore, Wm. D. Grant, Harris Miner, Isaac B. Essex, Aaron Whitaker, John B. Dodge, James Garvin, Roswell Blanchard. Wm. Smith and David Cooper appear as grand jurors. At this term Clark Hollanbeck was charged with "malfeasance in office" as justice of the peace, but the case Avas subsequently quashed. The first indict ment in May, 1831, Avas that of Resin Hall for bigamy, and Martha Wright, one of his wives. Before the September session Avas held, Hall, wives, cabin and all disappeared. The first entry in the record A of the circuit court of Stark county (held at the house of W. H. Henderson, October 11, 1S39, with Thomas Ford, judge of the ninth judicial circuit, presiding ; Norman J. Purple, states attorney; Augustus A. Dunn, sheriff, and John AAr. Henderson, clerk), is as follows: Luther Driscoll having been duly summoned as a grand juror was appointed by the court, foreman of the grand jury ; and Asa Currier, Henry Seeley, Samuel Love, John Hester, David Simmerman, Nathan SAvartz, Adam Day, Adam Perry, AVm. Mahany being also duly summoned, also gave their attendance, and there not being a sufficient number to constitute a grand jury, it is ordered that the sheriff summon tAvo others from the bystanders to complete the panel; and the sheriff, thereupon, returned the names of James K. McClenahan and Wm. AV. Drummond, who also gave their attendance, * * Avho with the others were sworn to enquire for the body of the county of Stark aforesaid, and retired to consider of their indict ments and presentments. This jury brought in a true bill against Frederick Ulard, and having no further business received discharge. THE COURTS AND BAR. 161 James Pollok, who left Ireland in 1832 and came to Philadelphia, declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States, October 12, 1839, before Judge Thomas Ford of the ninth judicial circuit. This is the first declaration of record in Stark county. The Turnbull and Oliver declarations bear date October, 1840. James A. Henderson in his address before the Old Settlers in 1882, describes graphically this first court. It is as follows : " It is Friday morning, October 11, A. D. 1839, and the early set tlers of Stark county have met at a private residence, about one mile due south of where the court-house now stands, to be present, as officers, jurors, suiters, witnesses or spectators, at the first term of the Circuit Court held in the county. Thomas Ford, Esq., is judge, Nor man H. Purple, states attorney, and OnsloAv Peters and Theophilus Lyle Dickey are the lawyers present. John W. Henderson is clerk, pro tern.; Augustus Dunn is sheriff, and Luther Driscoll as foreman, Asa Currier, Henry Seeley, Samuel Love, Samuel Seele}?-, John Finley, Adam Day, William Mahaney, William Porter, Sumner ShaAV, John Hester, David Simmerman, Nathan Svvartz, Adam Perry, James K. McClanahan and William W. Drummond constitute the grand jury, Avhile Washington Colwell, Calvin Powell, sr., Elijah Eltzroth, Daniel Hodgson, Henry McClanahan, Milton Richards, Jeremiah Bennett, Minott Silliman, William BoAven, David Cooper, Josiah Moffit, Samuel Harris, Robert Sharer, Nicholas Sturms, Isaac Spencer, James BusAvell, Horace Arail, Nehemiah Merrit, Christopher Sammis, Thomas Timmons, Thomas S . Clark, Washington Trickle, George Eckley and Jacob Smith form the petit jury. And scattered here and there in groups upon the grass beneath the magnificent trees Avhich sheltered the home upon the hill, Ave Avill imagine we see the 'Arnolds, Websters, Barnets, Lyons, Riddles, Nichols, Jones, DaAvsons, Pratz, Dunbars, Lakes, Grants, Cummings, Bonharas, Chatfields, Camps, Wykoffs, Dunns, Berfields, Trickles, Richards, Emerys, Rigins, Powells, Clarks, Eckleys, Egberts, Finches, Hurds, Jacksons, DAvires, Hodgesons, Mc Williams, Masons, Turners, Hilliards, Halseys, Farrs, Stoddards, Geers, Sillimans, Ogles, McClanahans, Reecls, Mascalls, Greenleafs, Coopers, Essexs, Eastmans, Wards, Smiths, Coxes, Cohvells, Sheets, Graves, Mounts, Moffitts, Thomas, Butlers, Agards, Barretts, Dorrances, Averys, Shavers, Stur- tevants, Parkers, Holgates, AValls, Fullers, Breeses, Pikes, Moores, Phenixs, Sturms, Searles, Dalrymples, Parks, Whitakers, Halls, Spen cers, BusAvells, Woochvards, Braces, Turnbulls, Olivers, Rules, Lyles, Blanchard s, Whites, FoAvlers, Parrishes, Miners, Perrys, Austins, Heaths, AVinns, Millers, Maxfields, Days, Williams, Pollocks, Mitchells, Nowlans, Frails, Grady s, Drays, Worleys, Winters, Littles, Potters, Lesons, Wheelers, Ames, Aran Dykes, and many others Avhose names I cannot iioav recall. They are laughing, talking, shaking hands and telling of each others Avelfare. Some have journeyed hither on foot, others on horseback or in Avagons. Some have come from afar, while others live near by, and that may mean a mile or six aAvay. The family, as Avas the custom Avith all the early settlers, has made expenshre preparations to receh'e and care for all Avho may come — judge, lawyers, jurors, suitors, Avitnesses and people. We will suppose 162 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. that all have come, and as Ave look back and remember hoAV many grown people had to eat before the bo}rs were admitted to the table, it seems as if none were absent. The court has opened, the grand jury has been impanelled and charged, and after a brief absence in a corn-crib near by, lias returned into court with a ' true bill,' charging a member of one of the most respectable families of the county with the crime of larceny, on the testimony of Christopher Samniis, a merchant of Moulton, whose goods had been stolen. Joseph K. Lane, Moses Boardman, John Pry or, Daw son and J. Chaffee Avere here. The grand jury has been discharged. The prisoner made his escape before trial, and perhaps never was in the county afterwards. If his attorneys, Peters and Dickey, had been as longheaded then as they afterwards proved themselves to be, pos sibly they might have cleared him, by picking a flaw in the indictment. In another room there stands a long table Avhich has been covered with a bountiful supply of the humble fare of the pioneer's home. And all are expected to enter and partake of it as freely and as heartily as if it Avere their own. At last the sun has reached the highest point in the heavens, and paused, as it Avere, for a moment's rest ere starting down the westward grade. Sheriff Dunn has, in obedience to the order of the court, just cried an adjournment for dinner. The out siders have been duly summoned, and as those who have been fortu nate enough to gain admission to the little court-room file out, the doors leading to the other rooms are thrown wide open, and, in the name of the head of that hospitable home, Avho is here no more to per form that office, I bid you, Mr. President, and each one of you old settlers, to enter the open door, and beg to assure you of a hearty, earnest welcome from all Avithin. Walk in and be seated, and as you partake of the noon-day meal, talk of the events of 1839 — of the years long gone by. But, as I step aside to permit your entrance, I am reminded that almost forty-three yeaivs have passed a at ay since that table Avas spread and that dinner av_s eaten by the early settlers of Stark county. I am also sadly reminded that many of those whose names have been called and avIio were there on that day, are not here noAV." Among the first circuit judges Avas Richard M. Young, a native of Kentucky, who settled in Illinois at an early date. He Avas appointed circuit judge in 1828, and served until January, 1837, when he accepted a seat in the United States senate. In matters relating to the consti tution and laws of the state he took a very active part, until stricken cIoavii by insanity. Thomas Ford, who served as prosecuting attor ney prior to 1835, Avas appointed judge of the northern circuit. He was born in Pennsylvania in the year 1800 ; Avas brought by his av id- owed mother to Missouri in 18< >4, and shortly afterward to Illinois. He received a good education; studied laAV ; was elected four times judge — twice as circuit judge, judge of Chicago, and judge of supreme court. He Avas elected governor by the democratic party in 1842; wrote his history of Illinois in 1847. and died in 1850. John Dean Caton was appointed judge of this circuit in August, 1842, and served until 1848. Mrs. Shallenberger speaks of him thus: -"During the THE COURTS AM) BAR. 163 administration of Caton, there was quite a strife over the appoint ment of circuit clerk, the aspirants being John AAr. Henderson, whig, and Oliver Whitaker, democrat. Caton being a democrat, appointed Mr. Whitaker, Avho held the office under this appointment until a change of la\v made it elective, Avhen he Avas again chosen by the peo ple, and served every term till November, 1852, when he was defeated by Jefferson Winn." Thomas Lyle Dickey was the first judge of the ninth district, over Avhich he presided until Stark Avas placed in the tenth district, Avith Judge Kellogg presiding, from 1849 to 1852. Judge OusIoav Peters presided over the sixteenth circuit in 1855. His death occurred at Washington, D. C, in February, 1S56. In April, 1856, Jacob Gale Avas elected, but did not serve, AA-hen Elihu N. PoAvell Avas appointed. He Avas defeated, in June, 1861, by Amos L. Merriman, who gave place in 1S63 to Marion Williamson, Avho defeated Martin Shallenberger in the contest for the judgeship. In 1867 Sabin D. Puterbaugh Avas elected ; resigned in 1873, Avhen Llenry B. Hopkins was chosen judge. In 1873 Joseph W. Cochrane Avas elected on the A. M. D. ticket, and served until June, 1879. DaA'id McCulloch, nom inee of the prohibition party in 1886 for congress, Avas elected on the republican ticket in 1877, and, Avith N. B. LaAvs and Judge Burns, Avas reelected in 1879 for the eighth judicial circuit. In September, 1886, Judge Samuel S. Page presided here, Avith John M. McMillen, foreman of grand jury ; S. G. Brees, clerk of grand jury, and the circuit clerk and sheriff. In 1885, Judges Page, Thomas M. ShaAV and Nathan W. Green Avere elected. A reference to the political chapter Avill point out the names of court officers here since 1 839. The greater number of the laAvyers of Stark county being closely connected Avith public affairs here, are noticed at some length on other pages ; but, lest any of the old or present bar might not be mentioned, the folloAving personal notices are made : Benj. F. Fridley, state's attorney in 1846, resided at Ottawa, but traveled through the circuit. He moved to Aurora subsequently. While possessing little educational traits, he Avas a man of strong nat ural ability. Julius Manning, an old laAvyer of Knoxville, practiced here in 1846 ; died at Peoria. He Avas a very able lawyer, and gener ally, if not ahvays, assisted W. W. Drummond, first resident attorney of Stark. H. O. Merriman, of Peoria, Avho attended court here in the forties, died at Peoria "Lawyer" Bangs Avas admitted to the bar at Peoria ; practiced at Toulon in 1845-6, AA'hen he moved to IoAva. W. J. Phelps, the second laAvyer Avho established himself at Toulon, left here in 1S46 for the West. OnsloAv Peters, a Massachusetts man, of the Peoria bar, Avas one of the old bar ; subsequently elected circuit judge; died in 1856, at AVashington, D. C. In his office Martin Shal lenberger read laAV in 1 846-7. Silas Ramsey resided at Lacon, but practiced in Stark occasionally in the forties. C. K. Harvey, a circuit laAVA'er, practiced here through several terms. He Avas one of the lead ing lawyers of those times. His daughter married A. M. Craig, judge of the supreme court. Aaron Tyler, jr., read laAV Avith Onslow Peters ; came to Toulon in 1845, and practiced here for some tAvo years, when he moved to St. Louis ; thence to Knoxville, Avhere he was appointed 164 HISTORY' OF STARK COUNTY. circuit judge, and thence to Chicago, Avhere he died. Another laAvyer, the senior Tyler, had a large list of cases here in 1846. Lincoln B. Knowlton, a Peoria pioneer lavAryer, was prosecuting attorney for this circuit, and continued in practice there until his death, about 1855. He was an eloquent and logical speaker, eccentric in appearance. Benton C. Cook Avas state's attorney in 1847. Martin Shallenberger, the senior member of the Stark County Bar, settled here in 1847. His reputation of being the best read man in the eighth judicial circuit is generally admitted. LaAvyer Taylor Avas present here in 1847; but whether it was J. I. Taylor, of Princeton, or not, is even yet unde cided. J. S. Fancher, who practiced at Peoria for a short time, prac ticed here in 1847. Amos L. Merriman, subsequently circuit judge here, resigning in 1863, now a resident of Washington, D. C, Avas a circuit lawyer in 1847, with his brother. E. N. Powell, of the Peoria bar, who was judge for this circuit subsequently, practiced here in 1848 ; died at Peoria, July 15, 1871. Wm. A. Chumasero, a laAvyer of La Salle county, noAv of Helena, M. T., was here in 1848. Ira J. Fenn, of Lacon, practiced here occasionally from 1848 to 1860. H. G. Reynolds came from Rock Island to Knoxville about 1851, moved to Springfield in 1854, and is now a citizen of Kansas. At Knoxville he served as state's attorney and postmaster. George A. Clifford, who came from Massachusetts at an early date and settled at Rochester, practiced law at Knox\'ille ; then was city editor and re porter on the Chicago Democrat; next practiced law at Toulon, en tered the service of the Union, and afterward was employed as steno grapher and legal adviser and again as official reporter of court martials and other heavy cases. In 1860 he was assistant editor of the cam paign paper called the Stark County Democrat, and in 1862 Avas ap pointed master in chancery. He fell into intemperance, and it is said that while suffering under a nervous attack he dropped from a window at Washington, D. C, and was killed. His widow now resides at Albert Lea, Minn. Norman H. Purple was distinguished for high legal abilities, served as judge of Fulton county from 1845 to 1849, refused official positions and devoted his Avhole time to his office. Harvey J. Rhodes, a pioneer justice of Stark county, began practicing law in 1851 ; died some years ago. Ezra G. Sanger, a Peoria laAvyer, visited this court in 1851, and for some years after. Robert Wilkin son, of Rock Island Avas here in 1852; like his brother, Ira O. Wilkin son, he was one of the reliable laAvyers of thirty years ago. E. Gay Johnson, a Peoria laAvyer and state's attorney, practiced laAV here occasionally from 1852 to the period of his death. George Blakely, his partner, Avas here also in 1852. Dr. Roberts, of Pekin, Avho later be came a lawyer, is credited Avith being here in 185.,. Leander Douglas, of Knoxville, afterward of Galesburg, Avhere he died a feAv years ago, practiced here in 1852. Thomas J. Henderson is noticed throughout the history of the county and particularly in the sketch of Toulon. William F. Bryan, oi Peoria, practiced in 'the courts of Stark county in 1853. Lorin G. Pratt, of Peoria, visited Toulon in 1853, moved to Chicago many years ago, where he is still in practice. William Kel- logg's name appears on the circuit court docket in 1854. He was THE COURTS AND CAR. 165 judge of this circuit from 1849 to 1852 ; elected to congress; died at Peoria some years ago. He Avas considered a A^ery able lawyer. Judge J. AV. HeAvitt, practiced here in 1855. LL N. Keightly, of Knoxville, at one time a partner of G. A. Clifford, practiced in the courts of Stark county in 1854. Geo. AV. Stipp, better known as Judge Stipp, of Bureau county, practiced here in 1855. John H. HoAve, of KeAvanee, practiced in 1857; AA'as elected colonel 124th 111. Vol. Inf.; served as circuit judge ; died some years ago. Lliram BigeloAv, of Galva, ap peared in the courts here in 1857 and has been an occasional visitor since that time. Alex. McCoy, state's attorney, practiced here in 1857. He moved from Peoria to Chicago some years ago. John Burns, Avho presided here recently as circuit judge, practiced here in 1859. C. C. Wilson's name appears on the list of laAvyers in 1857. He was a pioneer of Valley township; moA^ed to Princeton, and ultimately settled at KeAvanee, Avhere he noAT resides. John I. Bennett, now of Chicago, practiced here in 1861. Judge Bailey, of Macomb county, practiced here in 1861. Levi North, of KeAvanee, is a name connected Avith the courts here since 1861. He is said to be as good a portrait painter as he is a lawyer. Ira O. Wilkinson practiced here in 1862, Avas subsequently circuit judge of the Rock Island circuit. Geo. W. Pleasants, avIio also prac ticed here in 1862, is now circuit judge. Henry B. Hopkins, of Peoria, AAras here in 1S62. He sensed as circuit judge by appointment, succeed ing S. D. Puterbaugh. Miles A. Fuller, a pioneer of the county, Avas admitted to the bar in 1862. A sketch of his life is ghren in the his tory of Toulon. Julius Starr, of Peoria, practiced herein 1864. D. C. Young came here in 1865 or 1866, practiced Liav here for a feAv years. Robert Barr studied Liav under Martin Shallenberger, Avas admitted an attorney in 1866, moved to Adell, la., where he is noAV. AV. W.Wright, noticed in the history of Toulon, as well as in other chapters, has filled an honorable place among the members of the bar. Ford D. Smith read la at under Martin Shallenberger, Avas admitted to the bar in 1868, practiced here until 1872 or 1873, Avhen he returned to his home near HackettstoAvn, N. J. J. H. Miller, one of the leading members of the state legislature, practiced in the circuit court here in 1869. Nicholas E. Worthington, Avho came from Maryland to Peoria, en tered the practice of laAV in the sixties, practiced here in 1869, Avas elected member of congress in 1882, reelected and recehred the unan imous nomination of his party for a third term in 1886. Thomas E. Milchrist, of Galva, practiced here as early as 1868, and is still a visi tor. He is states attorney at Galva. Sabin D. Puterbaugh, author of "Pleading and Practice," came here first in 1869, served as judge of this circuit until his resignation in 1873. Marion Williamson, circuit judge from 1862 to 1866, born in Adams county, Ohio, died at Peoria in 1868. C. K. Ladd, of KeAvanee, practiced here in 1871. Jos. W. Cochran, judge of this circuit, practiced here in 1871. He preceded Judge McCulloch on the bench. W. H. Adams, Avhose name is iden tified Avith archaeological discovery in this district, practiced in the circuit court here in 1872. Tillottson and Guiteau opened a law office at Bradford in 1874, and a branch office at Toulon, over Avhich Guiteau 166 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. presided. Thomas Cratty, of Peoria, practiced here in 1878. He is now at Chicago. A. P. Miller's name appears as an attorney on the circuit court docket in 1881. Frank Thomas was" admitted to the bar in 1878, now of Wyoming. Bradford F. Thompson's name appears as attorney before the circuit court in 1878. F. N. Prout studied under J. H. Miller, is now engaged in laAV practice at Blue Spring, Neb. James E. Bush, admitted in 1878, practiced law at Bradford, noAv at Beatrice, Neb. Thomas D. Higgs studied under Martin Shallenberger in 1878, now at Storm Lake, Iowa. W. W. Hammond, son of A. G. Hammond of Wyoming, is now in practice at Peoria. Lawyer Kerns, read law at Peoria. Frank Marsh read law under Martin Shallen berger, Avas admitted to the bar, is noAv in Nebraska. Henry C. Fuller was admitted to the bar here and is now a resident lawyer of Peoria. Harry Pierce Avas admitted to the bar in May, 1883. Grant Newell, a son of Dr. 0. W. Newell, of Bradford, studied law at Chicago in 1885 Among the laAvyers avIio practiced here, not hitherto mentioned were Shill, Fraser, Kinners and Mirrin, 1848-50 ; Fleming, Hazard, W Sandford, Craig, H. L. Miller, Perley, Davidson, Blair, Reed, Sanders Fenice, Porter, Richmond, Stone, Bishop, Williams, Farwell, Hinman Walshe and Page, 1851-61 ; Johnson, P. S. Perley, D. C. Young, Ste phens, George Puterbaugh, Cooper, Worrell, Moss, M. Kendall, Ide G. G. Gibbons, 1862-9 ; J. C. Maclin, G. E. Ford, Shaw, Ingersoll BraAvbey, Herron, Fargo, Hannaman, Kretzinger, F. W. Wright, Bas sett, Cornell, Emerson, Wear, Jack and G. M. Dixon, in 1870-1 McKinzie, F. S. Potter, J. S. Starr, in 1872 ; J. E. Bush, M. M. Lucy. L. Allen, Winchester, J. E. Cone and Ulrich, are names of attorneys on the docket in 1878; Talliaferro, Pepper, Gannon, Olson, Pettee, B P. Duffy, C. C. Wilson and J. P. Miller, in 1879 ; Price, Shepherd Marston', Foster, Raum, in 1881-2 ; M. M. Bassett, in 1883 ; F. S. Ros setter, C. W. McGovern and Muckle, in 1884 ; W. S. Brackett, Moore Bradford and Prince, in 1885. While many important civil cases have been tried and disposed of here, a large number have been carried to the Supreme Court, and be fore that court some of the most elaborate arguments on record hav^e been made by Stark county laAvyers. In criminal matters the county is almost barren. The fe\v capital crimes committed are noticed as follows : Piney Arnold, once a resident of Stark county, murdered James M. Sweeney at Solana, Cal., in 1859, and was tried, convicted and sentenced in January, 1860. In November, 1865, one Archie Moore murdered one Lafferty in presence of a number of people, and then fled. Captain Brown, then sheriff, learned that a letter was mailed to him at Farmington, and, going thither, awaited Moore. The plan succeeded, and the murderer Avas taken to the Peoria jail. Joseph H. Wilbur, while returning from the postoffice at Lafayette to his home, on the evening of October 13, 1867, Avas assaulted and killed. David Anshutz was arrested on the charge. The trial took place in November, 1868. Martin Shallenberger represented the people, Judge HoAve the prisoner. He was found guilty, and the jury fixed the pun ishment at tAventy-one years in state's prison. SteAvart Bowers mur dered Paxton Perry, son of Anderson Perry, of Goshen tOAvnship, at THE COURTS AND BAR. 167 the bank corner at Toulon, July 4. The case was tried at Toulon, be fore Judge Cochran and jury. Martin Shallenberger and the late AY W. O'Brien defended BoAvers, James II. Miller and Judge Puterbaugh prosecuted. A verdict of "not guilty" was returned, as the charge of murder could not be maintained. It appeared on the trial that they often went into the timber to play Indian, shooting at one another, dodging the bullets behind trees. BoAvers subsequently married Perry's sister, and is now a prosperous citizen at Nebraska. The shooting of John Hopkins by Benson S. Scott, at Duncan, occurred in July, 1879. Peter Huber of West Jersey township Avas murdered by a tramp named Church, December 1, 1881. This Church Avas a resident of Tou lon for over tAventy years, Avhere it is said he married a Arery question able character. The coroner's jury — W. A. Hampton, A. Kamerer, S. M. Huffman, Naam B. Leigh, J. M. Wick and Francis Dugan — found that AndreAv J. Church stabbed Huber, from Avhich Avound the latter died in eight or ten minutes. Robert H. Thompson and Wm. H. Bell arrested the murderer near Henry Godfrey's house, AArhile trying to escape. The trial took place in April, 1882. J. E. Decker and A. P. Miller defended ; B. F. Thompson and J. H. Miller prosecuted. He Avas found guilty, and sentenced to hard labor for life. Sylvester Makinson was sentenced to death, March 15, 1885, and executed May 11, for the murder of Mrs. M. E. Copeland. In April, 1886, William and Mrs. McCaul of Coal Village, were tried for the murder of the little Sturm child, but acquitted. Martin Shallenberger and James LI. Miller defended, Avinning an acquittal. The law circle of the county, like the county, is small; but large in all those qualities which bring honor to its membership, and tinge all dealings with honesty and ability. Nowhere in this State or outside it does a higher sense of integrity obtain than Avithin Stark county's limited legal circle. CHAPTER IX. JOURNALISM AND LITERATURE. HE history of the press of the county presents an apt illus tration of its progress. Perhaps in the whole world of jour nalism there cannot be found its equal in manly expression and sound reasoning — certainly not its superior. A great deal of courtesy is manifested in the offices, a western friendliness exists among the journalists, and, above all, a desire to do justice to the people, by exposing what is wrong, and commending what is right, is apparent. The business of a newspaper is to give the neics. This may be done in different ways; but journals agree upon one point — that their readers are entitled to adequate information respecting whatever noteworthy thing has happened. It is also the business of the press to re\"iew the neics, and herein consists the higher element of journalism. The charge, so justly brought against many of the subsidized papers of the great cities, and also against the little sheets of eastern toAvns for narroAv, anti-national revieAvs was never applicable here. Many of the OAvners and editors of the Stark county journals have devoted the best years of their lives to this dis trict ; they have, so to speak, a stake in the country, and with it a reputation for probity and sound judgment Avhich they have held during the building up of our institutions and reflected through their neAvspapers and books. The Prairie Advocate was issued January 4, 1S56, by John G. Hewitt, editor; and John Smith, printer and publisher. The sub scribers' list sIioavs about 600 names. On the front page is the carriers' address to the patrons of the Prairie Advocate, on page 2, the saluta tory, general neAvs and a six-verse rhythmic acknoAA' lodgement of a Christmas donation visit, Avritten by Rev. C. Brinkerhoff. Page 3 is given up to marriage notices and advertisements, so also is page 4. The local ne\vs seemed to lie the least appreciated at that time, as it received very little notice. Charles Smith was the carrier boy. In establishing this journal, Judge Hewitt, a dentist here at that time, interested a number of his felloAv citizens in the project, and, with a $300 bonus, he visited John Smith, of Pekin, and agreed with him to move the office to Toulon. The type was antique, indeed, and fit company for the j>ress — supposed to be the third printing press intro duced into this state. ToAvarcl the middle of the year, Oliver White, then a school teacher at Toulon, became a regular contributor, and passed so much time in the office that he learned to work at the case. Moving to Henry county, he took a position on the Dial. John Smith meantime, sold his interest to Hewitt and retired to farm life, leaving 168 i-t JOURNALISM AND LITERATURE. 169 the latter to carry on the Advocate until early in 1857, Avhen he sold the entire oufit to Rev. R. C. Dunn, who changed the title to the Stark County i\ews The Stark County Netos is the regular successor of the Pioneer Advocate, as purchased by Mr. Dunn, in the spring of 1857, aa'Iio gave it its present title. After a feAv months he sold the office to Messrs. Whitaker and Henderson, Avho placed Dr. S. S. Kaysbier in charge as editor. At the close of 1860 the publication suspended, and the News office Avas a blank until the fall of 1861, AA'hen W. H. Butler took con trol, and resuscitating it, called his neAV venture the StarTc County Union. The Stark County Union was non-political, but decidedly Unionist. At that time no one waited for a local Aveekly paper. Every one rushed for the daily journals ; even advertising Avas forgotten, so that, notwithstanding Mr. Butler's earnest effort and liberal outlay of money, the Union was forced to suspend. The Stark County Neios (revived) peered out from tlie debris of the old office in the spring of 1863, and under the neAV lights by Avhich Dr. S. S. Kaysbier illuminated the noAAr very small neAvspaper. The little neAvs became a poAver in the land. In January 1864, Oliver White joined Kaysbier in its publication, placed the name of Lincoln at the head of an enlarged paper for a second term, purchased sole OAvnership in July and continued its publication until the fall of 1868, Avhen he sold a half interest to Joseph Smethurst, »and in the spring of 1869 sold the other half to EdAvin Butler. Subsequently James A. Henderson purchased Smethurst's interest, and Avith Mr. Butler managed the paper until his death, Mrs. Henderson iioav holding her late husband's share, and acting as local editor of the News. The Stark county Democrat was first issued July 19, 1S60, the price being stated at fifty cents for the campaign. Martin Shallen berger Avas editor, Avith G. A. Clifford, W. H. Butler, Charles Myers, Ben. AVilliams, J. H. Anthony, J. B. Russell, W. D. Llicks and Thomas Ross, assistant editors. It advocated the election of the "Little Giant," or Stephen A. Douglas. The policy of the editor is portrayed in lines Avritten June 4, 1860, by "Melville" for the first issue, the last ATerse of which is thus ghren : ' ' Curses fall on his name, blight forever his fame, who this glorious union would sever, Who would part the fair stars that our banner adorn, His ambition to feast on the wrecks of the storm, When Liberty's sun's set forever." In the issue of November 3, 1860, printed by C. Bassett, of Ke Avanee, 111., this notice appears : " PAY LTP. We shall publish one niore number of this paper, giving the full election returns throughout the United States, when the Democrat Avill be no longer published. AA7e expect every man who is in arrears Avill pay up iioav." The little sheet, thirteen by nineteen inches, recommending itself as the best advertising medium in the count}', and having one column of the same. The "largest drj' goods merchants," P. ifc J. No wlan, having recently purchased the entire stock of Thos. B. Starrett, indulge in a four-inch ad. RockAvell's saloon is also advertised. For politics, Lin- 1IISTOKY OI' STA UK COUNTA . coin is slurred and his stories ridiculed, Avhile Douglas is represented as making rapid strides toward Ihe Presidency. Under the head of "Carrying Coals lo Newcastle" are noled Ihe meetings held by Republicans in Klniira. Some facts respecting ihe origin ol Ihe Slark county democrat of 1N60 will nol be out of place. On, Inly 6, i860, a, meel ing of leading democrats was held at Toulon to take- steps loAvard the publication ol' a parly journal. K. L. Kinerv subinilted a. plan prepared by M. Shallenberger, providing for a .slock subscript ion to carry Ihe work on for a stated time. This slock was to be assessed just as required, but, should the paper become self-supporting, t lie, amount of capital stock unpaid would be still collected and applied to I he printing and distri bution of Douglas literature. This plan was adopted and the gentle men named as editors were elected. I'. Nowlan a\;is elected fiscal agent and bookkeeper, and lienjainin Turner, distributing agent. The agents appointed to canvass Ihe dill'oren! towns were I'enj. Turner, E. L. Kmery, T. .1. AA'righf, A\'m. I!. Armstrong and C. ,1. Tnggarf, Toulon; M. Klanchnrd and I!. V. Thompson, ( )sceola ; James llolgale and Dexter Willi, I'enn; ,1. Mollif and II. Colwell, llssox ; John Morris and I'enj. Iloughu, A'nlley; Jesse Kunk and J. Hepperly, Klniira; K. Markley'and .1 . Al. Parker, West .lersey; Jesse Atherton aud T. AA' Boss, (ioshen. It was also agreed that, the Toulon National Demo eraiic Association present a, banner to the town furnishing Ihe largest list of subscribers. The proceedings were signed by I). McCance, president, and F. A. Forma n, secretary, of the Toulon National Demo cratic Association. The relations between the News ( Republican) and the Ihinocrat in August, I SOU, may be judged of by the. following paragraphs: "A HOLY TIIINO. A whiskey barrel in a I Jeinoerul ic ciuiiinilllily where there are augers handy." — Sfiirk eounly News. " Tho same old stereotyped clnugo which flic editor (shade of departed I'Yanklin, I'oigive us!) ol" the AV'/r.v likes to make. ' People who live in fjlass houses should never throw stones." ' --Slark eminfv Pc-nwcnt/.. "AN NMPTY Till NO, A whisky barrel in a, 'ball-room, when a h'epuhliean editor has had an opportunity to suck at, the liiin^-hole." — Stark eounly Ih'tnoeval. Slark County Democrat, not that of 1 S60, was lirsf issued August '2, 1867, by Sofh V. KockAvell, from the ollice in the ( 'ulberfsoii building, in Rockwell's row. M. Shallenberger was ]>olilical (alitor. In the hitter's salutatory address, it is stated that Avith the exception of the campaign journal of I N60, " it is the first, lime in the liisfoi'y of Hie county thai, any oilier than a Republican paper has been published." Indeed, it may lay claim lo be ihe pioneer Democratic publication, since thai of Isiio was only inspired and writlon here, but printed and published at, Kewnneo. This lirsf niunbei' contains ;i, criticism of Hie lirsf chapter of the history of Stark' county, printed in the News, sup posed to be written by Ihe editor-in-chief. The Democrat was regu larly issued up to December i_,r>, 1S67, when a, notice appeared staling that its publication would be suspended through flic, holidays. No. 5.0 JOUKNAUSM AND UTKKATLTKK. 171 appeared on January 8, 1808, and every Aveek thereafter to the close of October of that year. In November, 1868, paper had not arrived; there1 Avas a brief suspension, and the next issue was published under Hie name The Prairie Chief. On August, lit, isds, S. F. Rockwell is sued his valedictory. The Prairie Chief, with AL Shallenberger and Ben. AA7". Sea ton editors. A'ol. II., No. _, appeared November IS, lSiis. The editors gave as a reason for the change of name: " AA\> think the heading of the paper looks better." In April, 1871', he sold the Chief to Henry M. Hall, Avho published regularh' until January, ls76, (avIicii he moved to IoaaX under the title N< w l\ra, a Democratic paper. The Nn h'lu.i- Bulletin was issued at Toulon, May 7, 1SH0. Its motto AA'as, "Chide mildly the erring." Its editors Avere "Grand Cy clops," " AA'hite Alligator" and "Rattling Skeleton;" or, as alleged, Thomas Shallenberger, Charles AAT AAYight and Albums Nance, the latter al'tenvards governor of Nebraska. The following extract from the salutatory gives an idea of the principles of this journal: "Our Bulletin is not a religious paper. Others may prate of the orthodox, the martvi's, and the clergy; of the peace and happiness of religion, and spiritual happiness; but avc prefer to deal Avith the human crea tures about us. We do not confine ourselves to any sect or creed ; avc are cm the side of reform, and our field of labor is as broad as the uni verse. Toulon needs reorganizing, and avc attempt, to reorganize her. Let us hope that avc may meet with better success than Artemus, Avhen he attempted to reorganize Betsy Jane." The first page Avas mainly devoted to a story called •' The ' Lyon ' Hunt," a local subject. On the third page the question is asked, "Why is our barber like Charlie AA' right C and answered. " Because he never Avears out the knees of his breeches in secret prayer." On the fourth page the important question is asked. "AA'hy is P. AT Blair like a turkey gobbler?" and ansAvered. "Because he cant swalloAV a billiard ball." Almost every one learned something regarding himself from this little four page journal; but it Avas not a success, the editors greAv tired, and like the elan alter whom it was named, collapsed. Molly Stark, a tri-Aveeklv neAvspaper, was issued by Oliver White at Toulon, in 1876. The little journal Avas decidedly republican, and carried the name of James G. Blaine for President. Toulon semi-weeklv //. raid, a four- page. tAventv-four-colunin jour nal followed Molly Stark. Arol. IV, No.' 1. was issued July i\ isSO. bearing the editorial name of E. II. Phelps. This, too. Avas republican, carrying a t \a ill miniature picture of Garlield and Arthur at the bead of its local columns. In every issue of this paper a desire to give the people hcavs, and plenty of it, is manifested. Among the eccentricities of Hie type's, the folloAving notice from the l'eoria Call, relating to the Herald olliee. brings forth one: "The Toulon Herald has a poet, and the poet Avrote a beautiful little poem all about 'a friend with a heart of gold,' and the Herald printers set it up a 'heart of Chicago.' and when Phelps, the practical and mattnr-of-faet editor of the //• raid, read the proof, he mildly Avondered at the physiological peculiarity of the friend's heart, but didn't question the accuracy of the statement, and so it Avent through the paper, 'heart of Chicago;' and iioav the 172 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY'. poet threatens to put a head on the AA'hole office, if they don't fix the thing up satisfactorily." It is said that this paper avjis moved to AV voming in 1881, and published there under the name of Wvoming Herald. " The Stark county Sentinel closed its sixth volume, September 23, 1886. The paper aa'As first issued October 8, 1880. On April 30, 1881, the partnership betAveen Thomas II. Blair and Will E. Nixon Avas dis solved, and that of AAr. E. Nixon and J. K. Hall formed, Avhich existed until May, 1882, Avhen ]\Ir. Hall became sole oAA'ner. On Jamiiiry 1, 1881, Gus Hulsizer purchased an interest in the paper. This copart nership, existing between J. Knox Hall and Gus Hulsizer, was dis solved February 13, 1885, and the latter became sole OAvner and editor. The Sentinel is iioav one of the strongest prohibition journals in the state. It is Avell edited, full up of local neAvs, and claims a very Avide circulation in the Avestern states, as Avell as in this county. The editor, in closing volume six, says: " AAre are thankful for the friends avc have got, and are ready to heap coals of fire on the heads of our ene mies; in fact, do anything honorable to keep our 'list' booming and bring delinquents to time, and avc greatly fear when our spirit departs it Avill seriously haunt the lives of some, unless they bring up their arrears soon. Amid clouds and sunshine, buoyant hopes and prospects figured out mountain high, aac change to volume seven and thank our numerous readers for liberal support, kind Avords, and timely advice, and hope by judicious management and fine maneuvering to retain all and gather in many more." The tri-Aveekly Call Avas issued by Nixon Bros, at Toulon, March 20, 1883. It Avas changed to the semi-Aveekly Calf, but ceased publi cation August 16, 1883. The Post-Chronicle (bites back to 1872, Avhen E. H. Phelps, iioav of Kansas City, Avas requested to found a, neAvspaper at AVyoming. The first number Avas issued August !>, 1872, to eighty paying subscribers. The name adopted Avas due to the fact that the Bradford Chronicle then held the held in the eastern townships, and the neAV paper Avas in fact a consolidation of the newspaper interests of AVyoming and Bradford. The Wyoming Post, a neAV name given to the pioneer journal of the toAvn, made its- appearance within a, feAv months under Air. Phelps' charge, and continued in charge until the sale of his paper to Gil christ. In October, 187s, Oraddock A- A'osburg issued their greetings as editors of the Post. This journal continued in existence until Feb ruary 5, lssf), Avhen it Avas consolidated with the Herald, under the name Poxt-Ucrald, J. M. Newton, of the last-named journal, holding a position in the office almost continuously from 1872 to 1885. The Wyoming Herald was one of the journalistic enterprises of E. II. Phelps. AVhether it was a, continuation of the Toulon Herald or a separate venture the writer Avill not say, but from the following para graph, Avhich appeared in the Peoria Journal, November 12, 1S81, it appears to be identical with the Toulon Herald, except in name of office: "AVhen Phelps of the AVyoming Herald sold out to Gilchrist, the paper he was then publishing — the Wyoming Post — he agreed JOURNALISM AND LITERATURE. 173 not to publish a paper in Stark county for five years. Recently he removed his paper from Toulon to Wyoming, and thus came in direct conflict Avith Gilchrist's successor, Sandham. The latter has noAv asked for an injunction restraining Phelps from publishing the Herald in AA'yoming. The point is to be argued in this city next Aveek." Agreeable to the above facts, B. F. Thompson, petitioner's attorney, and J. H. Aliller, defendant's attorney, Avent to Peoria to argue the case before Judge McCulloch." It is clear, however, that the Herald survived this attack, for in April, 1882, Chandler A Sweeney purchased the office from E. H. Phelps, Avho left for Kansas City. In February, 1881, L. AAT Chandler sold his interest to A. W. Hotchkiss; SAA'eeney also disposed of his interest, and on January 1, 1SS5, the publication of a tri-Aveekly neAvspaper ceased, the OAvners continuing a Aveekly journal, until its consolidation with the Post under the name Post-Herald. On February 5, 1885, the first number of the Post- Herald Avas issued, Avith AA\ R. Sandham and A. AV. Hotchkiss, pub lishers. Jason AL NeAvton has been assistant editor from prior to this time to January, 1886, and editor since that time, thus leaving Air. Sandham free to attend to his official duties as Superintendent of Schools. The Post-Herald is an excellent Aveekly paper. Sound judg ment marks its progress ; while in its local and editorial columns the enterprising spirit of the toAA'n of its publication is made manifest. xA.AV. Hotchkiss, so long connected Avith this paper, is publisher of the Wa-Keeney Tribune, in Kansas. The Daily Post-Herald is a newsy sheet, issued from this office during the fairs of the Central Agricultural Society. In make-up and local neAvs it vies Avith any of the penny dailies of our large cities. The Stark County Bee Avas issued m 1876, at AAryoming, by AI. AL Alonteith. Professing independence in politics AA'hile leaning tOAvard republicanism, it could not exist very long, nor did it. The Bradford Chronicle dates back to the spring of 1S72, but there is no posith'e information at hand to warrant the statement that it Avas published then. In August of that year it Avas consolidated AA'ith the Post, at AVyoming, under the title Post-Chronicle. The Bradford Times Avas first issued December 25, 1880. The salu tatory was as folloAVs: " The question AA'ill probably arise in the minds of many avIio receive this copy of the Times, What is the use of another paper in Stark county ( ^Ye answer by saying that the people of Brad ford think they can support a paper. They also think that Avhile it may be beneficial to them in many Avays it can do them no possible harm. This is all the excuse Ave have to offer, simply letting the paper speak for itself. F. N. Prout, editor." Prof. AAr R. Sandham's name appears as editor September 21, lsSf The Times was not printed at Bradford. The Bradford Independent was issued June _, 18S5, from the first printing office ever established at Bradford, by C. F. Hamil ton and J. C. Blaisdell, the latter continuing in partnership until June 1, 1886, when Mr. Hamilton became sole owner. The Lafayette Anna: Avas issued by S. A. Aliller in October, 188:1. In June, 1SS1 S. A. Aliller changed the name of the Anm.i- to the Lafiy- ette Sentinel, under Avhich the paper Avas published to its close. 174 HISTORY' OF STARK COCXTY". AUTHORS OF ri'llLISHED WORKS. If Ave except the historical contributions of George Clifford to the press, the readable little book of 1863, by Oliver White, on the marine artillery, and the pamphlet on the progress of the R. I. _r P. R. R.. bv P. AL Blair, in I860, avc must place the historical work of Airs. Shal lenberger first, and her name among the first authors in the county. Shirk County and Its Pioncc-s is the title of this Avork, issued from the press of the Prairie ( hi< fat Cambridge, 111., in 1876, and dedica ted to the pioneer families of the country. Apart entirely from the praise wliieli should be accorded to the writer or compiler of local history, this volume should earn for its author both praise and thanks: for in it are found many items. Avhich neA'er could be obtained had she not made the effort prior to 1875. Again, the work bears evideuee of her desire to be exhaustive ; it is the result of two aud a half years of literary work, and a testimonial for all time to her industry and her appreciation of AA'hat is due to the past, to the present and to the future. While the volume does not pretend to contain anything like the Avhole pioneer story of the county, it forms one of the most valu able contributions to local history Avhich has come under the notice of the writer since 1871, when he entered on historical work. Pen sketches of service in the marine artillery: In May, 1863 there Avas published at Toulon a little book by Oliver AA'hite. under this title. His contributions to the press are generally well prepared. The History of the HHth Regt. III. Vol. Inf. Avas completed Novem ber 19. 1885. and issued from the press of the Stark County News the same year. The type, paper and binding reflect much credit on the book department of that office. The Avork contains 180 pages of printed matter, devoted solely to the 112th regiment. The author, Captain B. F. Thompson, treats his subject exhaustively and well. So thoroughly has his task been performed old comrades of his regi ment, after reading the book, sit doAvn content as they did Avhen Lee surrendered, and say : — " AA"e have no more to learn — it is all there." The historical addresses of the Hendersons, Miles A. Fuller. Millers, Martin Shallenberger and the historical reminiscences of AV. II. Adams and many others, credited Avith such stories in this Avork. have gone far to render the work of the historian light, and the benefits to their felloAV citizens very material. Behind nil this there is a literary under current prevailing in the county which is manifested in papers on special subjects, and in a. few instances carried into church and other records. I cannot leave this subject Avithout touching on the poets and poetry of the county. In a feAv instances their verses arc introduced in one or other of the A-arious chapters; but beyond this, and it must be regretted, the character of this record-book will not permit their publication. Many of the poets Avrite under assumed names, such its, " Nina," Avhile a few subscribe their full names — among Avhom are the SteAvarts and Stouffers. From 1856 to the present time the county press hits contained very -choice poems from local poets. The literary circles, too, have produced some excellent essayists, SCHOOLS AN!) INSTITUTE. 175 but, like the poets, their labors must claim only a general notice. So, too, Avith the debating societies. Their logical contests cannot be re counted ; but in each case the names of the essayists and debaters are given in the history of the toAvnships. In music and painting, in hiAv and medicine, the county will more than compare Avith any other 2SS square miles of an equal" population in the universe. CHAPTER X. SCHOOLS AND INSTITUTE. JROM 1821 to 1869 Illinois received no less than $713,495. 45 from the proceeds of sales of school lands, together Avith $147,919 of the $28,000,000 surplus di Added by Congress in 1S36 among the states. The land grant for educational purposes comprised 985,066 acres for common schools and 46,080 acres for universities. The report of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction for the year ending June 30, 1SS3, Avas issued in April, 1884. ft sIioaa-s the Avhole number of persons under twenty -one years of age in the state to be 1,540,91S, as compared with 1,529,318 in 1882, and 1,500,255 in 18S0. The number betAveen the iiges of six and t\venty-one years is 1,046,936, as compared with 1,037,- 567 in 1882. The increase under this head is 166,223 in the eleA'en years reported since 1872. There are now 1,096,540 persons in Illinois of school age, and the school enrollment is 743,343. Many changes have been made in the original school haws of the state, each one tend ing to improve the system. The amendment providing for the elec tion of district school directors came into force in Alay, 1S57. A feAv years ago the act regulating the meeting of teachers' institutes came into operation and has been attended with beneficial results. The first school district was No. 1, of Essex in 1S33, where a school- house was built July 4, 1834. Adam Peny presided here three months, receiving $55.50 from Isaac B. Essex. On July S, 1835, Miss Sa-brina Chatfielcl received $13 for teaching here three months. Aliss Chatfield married B. L. Hilliard, and died in Clark county, Iowa, as related in the township history. From this small beginning the school system has groAvn up to its present important place. The action of the county commissioners in 1S39, in appointing trustees for the school lands of the several toAvnships, is referred to in the chapter on the organization of the county. In the history of the toAvnships the schools are treated as fully as records Avould permit, so that in this chapter all relating specially to the townships is omitted. The school commissioners or county superintendents from 1840 to the present time are named as follows: James Holgate, 1840; Chas. II. Aliner, 1841-5 (died in Chicago about 1850); James B. LeAvis,lS45-9. 11 176 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY'. (Lewis taught school in the " Old Brick," which stood where Pierson Miller's house now is). Samuel G. Wright was elected in 1849 over Martin Shallenberger. He was reelected in 1851 over Thomas J. Hen derson and G. A. Clifford ; reelected in 1853 over Lucius E. Miner. In 1855 R. 0. Dunn was elected; reelected in 1857; reelected in 1859. N. F. Atkins was chosen in 1861, reelected in 1863, but dying before expiration of term, his place Avas filled by J. W. Agard. Following Mr. Agard Avere B. G. Hall, noAv in IoAva; Alonzo Abbott, of Brad ford, a member of the institute of 1886; Amelia L. Halsey, now a Chicago teacher, and W. R. Sandham, the present county superin tendent and member of the State Board of Education. The dates of election, candidates for the offices, votes and party to Avhich each can didate belonged are all given in the political chapter. The principal school statistics for each half decade since the close of the Avar are given as folloAvs : The order of figures is : Year, 1st column ; number of districts, 2d ; number of school houses, 3d ; school not kept, 4th ; number of pupils under 21 years, 5th ; number attend ing, 6th ; number of males, 7th ; number of females, 8th ; number of graded schools, 9th; number of male teachers, 10th; number of female teachers, 11th ; total receipts for school purposes, 12th column : 1865 — 76 — 71 — 5—4798 — 3042 — 1550 — 1492— 1 — 24 — 115 — 17,494.39 1870 — 69 — 74 — 1 — 5014—3138 — 1654 — 1484— 2 — 38 — 105 — 38,222.49 1875 — 79 — 84 6192 — 3520 — 1833 — 1687 — 17 — 59 — 110 — 55,226.41 1880 — 73 — 72 — 1 — 5500 — 2772 — 1453 — 1319— 6 — 51 — 110 — 59,294.80 In 1865 there were two private schools attended by thirty-five pupils. In 1870 there AA'ere nine colored youths attending school here. The condition of the schools of the county in 1886, as shoAvn in Superintendent Sandham's report to the Department of Public Instruc tion, is as follows: Alales under twenty-one years, 2425; females under tAventy-one years, 2311 ; total under tAventy-one years, 4736. Males between six and twenty-one years, 1749; females between six and twenty-one years, 1711; total, 3460. Number of school districts holding school for 110 days or more, seventy; number of graded schools, six; ungraded, sixty-five; total number of schools, seventy- one; total number of pupils enrolled, 26S3, of which 450 males and 454 females were enrolled in graded schools. In these last-named schools there were eight nude, and sixteen female, teachers employed during the year ending June 30, 1886. In the ungraded schools were thirty -six male, and eighty -six female, teachers, or in ail schools 146 teachers. In the graded schools male teachers presided 57-J- months, and female teachers, 108f months. In the ungraded schools male teachers presided 151-L, and female teachers, 359, months in the aggre gate. The number of brick schoolhouses is four, of frame houses, sixty- eight, giving a total of seventy-two buildings. Seven districts have libraries, aggregating 233 volumes. There are tAvo private schools, attended by forty male, and forty -tAvo female, pupils, presided OA^er by one female, and tAvo male, teachers. The highest salary paid any male teacher per month Avas $112.50, and paid any female $55 per month. The loAvest in the case of males Avas $27, and of females, $25, per SCHOOLS AND INSTITUTE. 177 month. The amount earned by male teachers during the year Avas $10,477.92, and by female teachers, $17,608.20. The amount of dis trict tax-levy was $31,190.63. The estimated value of school property Avas placed at $106,550; of school libraries, $740, and of school appa ratus, $1205. The amount of bonded school debt in June, 1886, Avas $4350. There Avere four of school age in the county who could neither read nor write — one mute, one blind, and tAvo mentally Aveak. The accounts of tOAvnship treasurers in re distributable funds, shoAvs receipts, including balances in every tOAvnship, amounting to $584,997, all of Avhich Avas paid out except $223.13 on hand June 30, 1886. The account Avith school districts shows total receipts from special district taxes of $32,228.72, pupils who paid tuition fees, $509.70, and other receipts, bringing the total revenue of districts for the year up to $61,- 283.50. The Avhole amount paid teachers AA-as $28,545.44. The total expenditure, reported by districts, Avas $39,084.86,' leaving a balance of $23,098.64 on June 30, 1886. During the year a bequest of $18,- 309.50 was made by LeAvis Austin to the schools of Elmira. The amount paid school treasurers Avas $4,193.40, moneys invested, $18,- 932.12. The names of treasurers for the year ending June, 1886, are Samuel Wrigley, Valley; A. G. Hammond, Essex; Joseph SAvank, West Jersey ; C. M. Beecher, Goshen ; Levi Silliman, Toulon ; Brooks W. Crum. Penn; LI. J. Bakhvin, Osceola; and W. M. Fuller, Elmira. The foregoing, with the exhibit of tOAvnship fund, balance sheet, boards of education, high schools, and general report of the county superintendent, constitute the Avhole report for the year ending June 30, 1886. In his report to the Board of Supendsors he states that he had spent 124 days visiting schools; tAventy days' institute work; tAveh'e days on teachers' examination, and other official work, forty- six days. During the year 1885-86, had visited every school in the county three times, and five schools four times. In eA7ery township the efforts of the present superintendent to raise the school standard still higher are appreciated. The people know that his enthusiasm in school work affects the teachers, is carried by them to the pupils, and thence to the homes of the people. His administration of the super intendent's office has been attended Avith incalculable good. Teachers'' Institute and Association. — In a letter addressed to Wil liam NoAvlan by Rev. S. G. AVright, replying to one asking for infor mation in re the county institute, the folio Aving history is given : " My recollection is that Rev. A. Lyman, of Geneseo, at my invitation, con ducted the first county institute at my house, just north of Toulon. Rev. R. C. Dunn afterward told me it Avas the first institute held in Illinois. I haA'e a minute book in my journal under date of March 19, 1850: 'Last Friday I dreAv up a constitution for a teachers' associa tion.' Also, under "date April 1, 1850: 'Last Aveek attended Teachers' Institute.' Also, in Mav: 'attended institute in Lafayette. I find, also, in November, a notice of a teachers' institute and essays of a high order read. I have a notice of having addressed the institute in October, 1852. I think Ave had at that time a county institute Avrth sub. or local institutes, as at Lafayette. Mr. Nowlan, continuing the subject, believes that the meeting of October, 1852, Avas the first 178 HISTORY' OF STARK COUNTY. public or regular meeting of the teachers. From this period until 1859 meetings Avere held, but the organization was little more than a social meeting club. In the summer of 1859 R. C. Dunn and Oliver White were the only persons who responded to a call for reorganizing the institute. A feAv evenings later the teachers of Toulon assembled at Mr. Dunn's house, Avhere, with Mr. Dunn, were Rev. A. J. Wright, Baptist; Rev. Matthews, Methodist, both of Lafayette; Rev. S. C. Humphrey, Christian church, Toulon; Rev. G. A. Leaver, of Wyom ing. During this session one B. F. Taylor delivered his lecture. Among the readers were L. D. Gleeson, Miss Rogers, Dr. J. C. Cope- stake, Miss Mary Berfield, W. W. Wright, C. J. Gill, or ' Jud' Gill. Gill Avon the prize, although Rev. G. A. Leaver announced publicly that he could not distinguish Jud's reading from a gymnastic exercise. This meeting adjourned to the spring of 1860, but did not reassemble then. In the spring of 1867 B. G. Hall recehred a premium of $50 for getting a number of subscribers for the Teachers'1 Journal. This he donated to the teachers' institute, to be applied in founding a library. Some money Avas added to this sum and books Avere purchased. This led to the formation of the Stark County Teachers' Library Associa- sion, which ceased after a short time, and with its downfall the book collection disappeared. Then folloAved the teachers' institute as Ave noAv knoAv it, haunted Avith lecturers, school book agents and ambitious readers like Gill. The teachers avIio received certificates in 1861 Avere : Rebecca Trickle, AVilliam P. Barr, Albert S. Johnston, John F. Rhodes, Levi Silliman, Charles Atherton, Eugenie Hull, Kate F. Johnston, Ellen Stanton, Ellen V. Spencer, Ann L. Himes, Eliza Drumm, Olive Smith, Martha M. Burnham, Rebecca Nicholas, Ella Bales, Jennie McCul- lough, Lucy Oziah, William Seely (local preacher), Angelina Trickle, Miss Lyman, Eliza C. Smith, Miss Sabra AArood, Ada Willcox, Clara Pike, Martha Pratt, Martha, Porter, Alice Fuller, Mary J. Lennon, Mary J. Pettit, Mrs. L. D. Burge, Mary Perry, Fanny Flicks, Harriet Rhodes, Ellen King, Mary Gillette, Alary B. AAHiitaker, Martha Sher borne, Ellen Lynch, Jane Lynch, Joshua Thorp, Olive Decker, Peter A. Ferbrache, Charles Thompson, Alonzo P. Johnson, Martin Johnson, EdAvin Smith, Eugene M. Gallup, Eliza Marvin, John AAratts, Henry II. Leonard, William Bell, Salathiel Fast, James Ferris, Robert Barr, James Holgate, Ezra Griffin, Lucia Gregory, Albert Crawford, Herbert Bassett, John Kell, Harmon Phenix, Mary Goodrich, Philip Tabor, Ben. Drake, D. V. Redding and William AV. Aliller. Among those to whom certificates were issued in 1862 were Samuel Burge, James M. Severens, W. A. Jones, Sanford Clark, James Rob inson, George BroAvn, N. C. Bishop, George Smith, Martin Stitsel and Orra M. Allen, the only males among sixty-nine admitted. In 1863 there do not appear to be any certificates or examinations held, and only eight in 1864. In 1865 the following notice Avas published: "A teachers' institute was called to be held at Toulon, commencing April 20, 1865, and a good deal of pains taken to persuade teachers from abroad to attend, but it being the week of the assassination of our Presi- SCHOOLS ANT) INSTITUTE. 179 dent, the editor gave notice that the people could not prepare for the insti tute; it Avas therefore not held and no other one called. "J. AA'. Agard, '' 'County Superintendent of Schools." The teachers to Avhom certificates were granted in 1864 and 1865, and Avho may be considered members of the post-bellum, institutes, are named as folloAvs: AAr. II. Blanchard, Francis Davis, George Nicholas, Charles Myers, Allen P. Miller, Echvin Butler, Robert X. Dickinson, James LL Turnbull, George Bradley, Leona Blanchard, Jane Deys, El vira NeAvton, Susan A. Beatty, Emily Tilden, Louisa L. AVilson, Eliza A. McGlashan, Maria L. Cutter, Martha O. Trickle, Nancy S. Bennett, Alice Raymond, Harriet Witter, Eliza, Eckley, Mary B. Carter, Henri etta J. Flint, Amelia A. Halsey, Harriet G. Grant, Kate A. Hablit, Alary J. Munson, Hannah Munson, Rosie Pratz, Jennie Bevier, Henri etta Riddle, Rebecca L'outs, Airs. ToAvnsend, Jane E. Shemerhorn, Mary C. Lyon, Annie E. Dyer, Eliza Jane Moffitt, Juliet P. Judd, Mrs. Mary A. Bailey, Eliza J. Stockner, Amanda Mohan, Libbie A. Bryan, Emi line Taylor, Louisa AVhiffen, Emily Kellogg, Lecta Nicholas, Anna B. Kinmouth, Olivia A. Rhodes, Celesta Eastman, Jennie Dixon, Eliza A. Stickney, Lucy A. Libby, Almira M. Snyder, Henrietta L. Snider, Susan P. Nash, Mary O. Stevens, Miss Anthonv, Josephine Dver and Celestia Dyer. From November, 1865 to December 7, 1866, there Avere one less than 154 teachers' certificates issued, many being reneAvals. Among the number Avere Orlando Brace, a returned soldier, James E. Finley, Cyrus A. Anthony, Charles Butler, Charles R. Thompson, all returned soldiers ; Albert AAr. King, Josephine Dyer, of District No. 8, Penn, avIio presided there for a number of years ; Airs. Maria P., AvidoAV of N. F. Atkins ; Robert Fell and Alfred Hemmant. returned soldiers. In 1867 certificates AArere issued to Augustus Hulsizer and Edwin Butler, returned soldiers, and eighty-eight others. In 186S ninety -nine certificates AA-ere issued, only twenty-nine to male appli cants. In 1st!!*, 92 certificates Avere granted; 1870, 103; in 1871, 92; in 1872, 141 ; in 1873,99; in 1874, 146; in 1875, 111; in 1876, 242; in 1S77, 160 ; in 1878, 103 ; in 1879, 115 ; in 1880, 108; in 1881, 119 ; and in 1882, 124 certificates Avere issued. Even iioav, four years after the last list Avas made, a large number of the ladies have married, or are scattered throughout the Avest — very few are engaged in the schools of Stark county. The Teachers' Normal Class Avas organized in the " Old Brick" at Osceola, March 23, 1868, by B. G. Hall, with the folloAving : Bartlett G. Hall Dr. II. B.Upton, AVilliam C. Kay, Louisa A. Stone, Ellen Hall, Emeline Lvle, Mary Adams, Martha Rule, N. Clark, Rev. S. G. Wright, Edwin J. Smith," Ed. P. Wright, Anna P. Oliver, Esther Hall, Bertha Parks, Anna Davis, Ellen Gurley, Mary P. AAXght and Florence J. Chamberlain. The Stark County Teachers' Association was organized at Toulon, October 27, 1869. W. C. DeAvey Avas elected president; Mrs. A. J. Dyer vice-president ; R. Fell, secretary, and Aliss Henrietta Riddle, 180 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. treasurer. F. M. Shallenberger, W. P. Wing, Misses A. J. Dyer, Louisa Taylor and L. Witter formed the executive committee. From, this time down to the present day the teachers of Stark have been held together by organization; but of their meetings, brief notices are only at hand. Paul Newton was president and Grace Jones secretary of the Stark County Teachers' Association in 1880-1, and both are today prominent in the school circle of the county. The Teachers' Institute in 1882 comprised the following members : A. L. Halsey, H. M. White, M. Starrett, B. G. Hall, Amy I. E. Reed, Elvira Demuth, H. J. Byatt, Sarah Berfield, Frank Akins, M. A. Hall, F. E. Saunders, A. B. Abbott, W. R. Sandham, H. J. Clark, R. J. Dickinson, F. S. Rosseter, Mary Christy, E. H. Farley, Lizzie Meehan, Neva Newell, A. Keller, William Nowlan, James Kinney, Robert Fell, Hattie J. Dator, S. A. Little, Henry Nowlan, F. C. Wilson, Mary Hey- Avood, E. E. Ackley, George Nowlan, E. B. Humphreys, __. H. Keyes, Paul NeAvton, W. C. Henry, Joseph Chase, Al'bt Snare, D. T. Osen- baugh, E. C. Rosseter, Frank Rist, Mary A. West, Anna Heywood, James Chambers, Ella Turney, Grace Jones, Josie Tjaden, Kate Dris coll, Nellie Jones, B. F. Jackson, Adna T. Smith. In 1883 the Normal Institute Avas organized under the neAV statute. The Stark County Normal Institute met at Wyoming, July 18, 1886, with Superintendent Sandham presiding. He was assisted by Mr. A. B. Abbott, of Bradford, and Miss Grace Jones, of Wyoming. The list of members present, by townships, is as follows : West Jersey Township. — Lizzie L. Lyon, Minnie Bradley, Jennie Sweat, Madge Adams, Sarah Fulton, Caspar Banawalt. Goshen Township. — Hattie Hendricks, Mary Maginis, Amy Byatt, Willie White, George W. Heskett, Mamie Byatt, Eva Beers, Nellie M. Jones, Frank John son, Cora Galbraith, Will F. Johnson. Essex Township. — Beatrice Kinkade, Lucretia D. Ogle, Ella B. Finley, Jennie A. Cohvell, Ella E. Turney, Nettie E. AViley, Jenny Jordan, Cleora H. Quick, Kate A. Thomas, Alma Trimmer, Minnie Gehr, Eveline Lory, Henrietta Graves. Toulon TOAvnship. — Jennie Gharrett, Alice M. MaAvby, Elsie J. Mawby, Anna C. Chase, Hattie White, Carrie AVhite, Mary Fulton, Hattie Byatt, Anna Heywood, Mary Heywood, Lena Trouslot, Adclie Keeling, Georgia Biles, Rosa SAvanson, Fred Fox, Frank NoAvlan, Frank Smith, Nina E. Hartz, Carrie Holgate, Hallie Sargent, Anna Copestake, Blanche Wolfe, Ella Wolfe, Maud Brees, Alice Graham, Dora B. Pliter, Mamie Pliter, Laura Dickinson, Effie Adams, Sarah Kerney, Dell Lyon, Maggie Perry, Charles Foster, Frank Jones, W. F. Nicholson. Elmira ToAvnship. — Mary E. Prosser, Vena Johnston, Lottie Oliver, Maggie Haswell, Alice Green, Lucille Buswell, Alice Martin, Stella Sterling, Elmer E. Briggs. Valley ToAvnship. — Clara L. Joh, Allie V. Cox, Florence Peterson, Mary Gill, Alice A. Selders, Molly McManus, Cora Jarman, Georgia A. Parker, Melvin B. Patter son. Penn Township. — Mary Colgan, Florence A. Proctor, Ella Wick- ham, Marie E. Dolan, Sallie Clark, Nellie Bunnell, Attie Martin, Paul NeAvton, Perchral G. Rennick. Osceola ToAvnship. — Clyde Buswell, Effie Christy, Abby A. Damon, Lillie Phenix, Lizzie HoAves, Mary RELIGIOUS AND SEAH-RELIGIOUS ASSOCIATIONS. 181 Sharky, John M. Davies, Florence Russell, Hattie Bray, Jacob Wasson, Sara A. Little, Stella Sterling. Monica, Peoria county. — Ida Whit- tington, Emma McKoavii. This list embraces many names connected Avith former meetings, and almost covers the entire roll of teachers then in the county schools. The institute of 1886 is the fourth held under the administration of Professor Sandham, and the last of- the four normal drills held under the neAV school law. CHAPTER XL RELIGIOUS AND SEMI- RELIGIOUS ASSOCIATIONS. HE pioneer Methodist preacher of Illinois, Jesse Walker, Avas born in AXginia in 1766, entered the ministry of the M. E. church in 1804 ; two years later came to Illinois, and in 1826 visited the Indian village near Plainfield. In 1827 he Avas appointed superintendent of the Fox River mission ; in 1829 took charge of the Des Plaines mission, established numerous societies of the M. E. church throughout northern Illinois, and died at Plainfield in 1835. Fifteen years after, his body Avas disinterred and reburied in the neiv cemetery, where a monument to his memory Avas erected by order of the Rock river conference, M. E. church. Under him Isaac B. Essex was appointed teacher of the Indian school at Peoria, and to him is credited one of the first sermons on Methodist doctrine in Stark comity. It is not at all certain that elders Silliman and ChenoAveth preached here in 1829, con tenting themselves Avith the physical aid given to Essex in establishing his home. Rev. E. Heath of the St. Louis Methodist church, preached here toAvard the close of 1834, and the folloAving year came Rev. William C. Cummings of the Peoria mission, to lay the foundations of Methodism here. From 1829 to 1835 the preachers named in the history of Essex tOAvnship, visited the settlements in what is iioav Stark county. The Baptist church of Fahrenheit, Goshen tOAvnship, Avas. founded in 1837 at the house of elder Miner. The mother of Presbyterian churches Avas established at Osceola, June 8, 1839, elder Davis presiding. The Mormons may be said to haye recruited a church here ih 1840-46, with John Miller, Isaac B. Essex, Ira T. Dibble, Adam Perry, Robert and James McClenahan, Dr. Richards and wife, Deacon Mott, Samuel Parrish, Mrs. Parrish, one son and three daughters, members ; but in 1841, the founder of Congregationalism here, S. G. Wright, offered battle to the Mormon elders, and Avon a few of those members back. Within the last forty -six years, all the neAV Presbyterian societies, the Universalists, Christians or' Campbelites, United Brethren and Catholics have built up churches and large societies, Avhich are all noticed in the township history. 182 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Sunday School Union. — ¦ The Stark county Sunday School Union, organized in 1867, held its first annual meeting at James Holgate's grove that year. Davis Lowman Avas president, with W. W. Wright secretary. The Stark county Sunda}r School Union Picnic Association Avas organized August, 1868, during the annual meeting of the Union. The Sunday School society held its annual meeting August 12, 1869, Avhen D. Lowman was elected president, W. W. Wright, secretary, and Samuel Burge, treasurer. The vice-presidents Avere : J. M. Rogers, H. Griffin, Liberty Stone, Osceola ; Rev. J. H. Montgomery, Elmira ; Rev. W. A. Webster and H. Willet, Toulon ; Rev. M. Hill and Isaac and Thomas, Essex ; Rev. T. S. Vail and Reuben SAvank, West Jersey ; and Bev. Mr. Tiffany, G. Dillery, Goshen ; Schermerhorn, Penn ; H. H. Oliver, Elmira ; and A. N. Peterson, Valley. In 1870 a formal meeting was held, of which no record can be found. The sixth annual meeting Avas held at Toulon, August 22, 1871, Avhen the following officers were elected : Davis Lowman, president ; H. Y. Godfrey, E. G. Hill, Reuben Swank, Rev. Montgomery of Elmira, Hopkin Shivvers, Chas. Newell, James Woods and Dr. T. W. Hall, vice presidents ; W. W. Wright, secretary, Samuel Burge, treas urer and N. W. DeAvev, assistant secretary. The seventh annual meet ing was held at the M. E. Church, Toulon, January 15, 1873. E. H. Phelps was chosen assistant secretary vice N. W. Dewey, the other officers being reelected except the vice presidents for Toulon, Essex, West Jersey and Osceola, of Avhich the foil OAving were chosen respect ively: N. W. Dewey, Rev. J. W. Agard, J. Raymond and E. P. Wright. The eighth meeting Avas held September 1, 1874. Davis Lowman Avas elected president; R. L. McCord, E. H. Phelps, W. W. Wright, Robert Stomer, H. LI. Oliver, C. A. Schemerhorn, E. P. Wright and Henry Blood, vice presidents; N. AV. Dewey, secretary and Samuel Burge, treasurer. The ninth meeting, like the others, Avas held at Toulon, August 17, 1875. The officers Avere nearly all reelected ; and so from 1876 to 1878 the greater number of old officers Avere con tinued. In 1879 Rev. J. C. Myers was elected president; B. G. Hall, secretary ; Rev. W. Walters, B. G. Hall, A. L. Pott and E. H. Phelps, executive committee; E. P. Wright, Rev. T. Springer and James Ful ton, Penn, LI. F. Blood, R. H. Miller and Wm. Wilson, Essex, John HaAvks, E. A. Burge, Geo. Rutherford, Miss A. L. Halsey and A. D. Perrine, vice presidents. The annual meeting of 1880 Avas held at Castleton, September 1, when Rev. D. T. Wilson was elected president ; B. G. Hall, secretary and treasurer ; E. E. Tyson, D. S. Wrain and W. H. Barrett, executive committee. The vdce presidents then chosen AA-ere Watson Henry, L. P. Himes, E. B. Lyon, R. H. Miller, Rev. James Llenderson, 11. F. Blood, Paul NeAvton and Geo. Thompson. The meeting of June, 1881, was held at Bradford. Rev. Wm. Stur geon Avas elected president; Dr. J. G. Boardman, Xudge W. W. Wright, Revs. J. C. Myers, L. F. Cullom and E. E. Tyson, executive committee, and B. G Hall, secretary. Mrs. A. L. Halsey, Mrs. C. W. Van Petten, Dr. E. O. Boardman, Dr. J. G. Boardman, A. P. Muller, E. H. Smith and LI. D. D. Martin Avere among the vice presidents elected. The meeting of June, 1882, AA'as held at the Baptist Church, RELIGIOUS AND SEMI-RELICilOIIS ASSOCIATIONS. 185 Osceola. Dr. J. G. Boardman Avas elected president: Augustus Hul sizer, AV. LI. Barrett, Revs. AAr II. Jordan and Ingraham and B. G. Hall, executive committee. Among the neAV vice presidents Avere AL Snare, H. J. Baldwin, Chas. Grivits, L. P. Himes and Geo. Rutherford. The fifteenth annual meeting Avas held in the Presbyterian Church, Elmira, in June, 1SS3. Dr. J. G. Boardman and B. G. Hall were reelected. A. P. Miller was added to the executive committee, and A. S. Thomp son was chosen vice president for Osceola, the other vice presidents being reelected. The sixteenth meeting Avas held at Toulon, June, 1884, Avhen T. C. Thomas was elected president; Dr. J. G. Boardman, secretary, and these with AV. LL Barrett, J. W. Stevens and Geo. Rutherford, executive committee. The vice presidents were Revs. Y. B. Ingraham, W. H. Jordan and Alessrs. T. F. Fate, Gus. Hulsizer, AAT. C. Henry, A. C; Himes, Henry F. Blood and Joseph Chase. In 1885 Rev. W. H. Jordan was elected president, and in June, 1886, the fol- loAving named officers Avere chosen : President, J. W. Stephens, vice presidents, A. S. Thompson, E. R. Boardman, W. Reagan, Morris Smith, Joseph Chase, Gus. Hulsizer, W. C. Llenry and E. G. Hill; executive committee, Osceola and Elmira, T. F. Fate ; Penn and Valley, W. II. Jordon ; Toulon and Essex, D. G. Stouffer ; West Jersey ami Goshen, J. F. Rhodes ; J. G. Boardman, secretary and treasurer. The seventeenth meeting was held in June, 1885, Avith Augustus Hulsizer, presiding. The officers elected were Rev. W. H. Jordan, president; Dr. J. G. Boardman, secretary ; J. W. Stephens, H. F. Blood, A. S. Thomson, Gus Hulsizer, executive committee ; Robert Thompson, W. Reagan, Wm. Simpson, J. F. Rhodes, Joseph Chase, C. R. AVilson, AV. C. Henry and Robert Armstrong, vice presidents. Camp-meeting Association, as noticed in the history of AVyoming, may be said to date back to 1840, when Elder Newton G. Berryman presided over a meeting held on or near the site of the present M. E. church at Wyoming. Revs. Enos Thompson and Wilson Pitner, as sisted. The meeting at Fraker's Grove, near Lafayette, in 1842, over Avhich A. E. Phelps presided, outdone the first camp completely, while the third, held at Wyoming in 1843, surpassed its predecessors in number attending and spiritual Avork performed. Rev. John Morey presided, with Rev. H. J. Humphry, assisting. Year after y ear the Meth odists and others carried on such meetings until a regular campmeeting association was formed. This band of gospel workers claim a com plete organization, with groves, tents, buildings, etc. The meeting of August 11, 1886, continued for several days. During the session good board can be obtained on the camp ground at the following prices : One day, $1 ; tAvo or more days, 25c, per meal ; for the week, S4 ; on Sunday, transient, 50c per meal. Bible Society. — The Stark County Bible Society elected the fol lowing officers for 1856-7: Norman Butler, president; C. M. John son, vice-president ; T. B. Starrett, secretary ; Davis Lowman, treas urer- Rev. R. C. Dunn and Rev. Mr. Ransom, executive committee; Samuel Halsted, Benjamin Packer, Hopkins Shivers, local agents; Mrs. N. Butler and Miss Sarah Armstrong, collectors. The traveling a^ent reported that only thirteen families in the county were without 186 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Bibles. This organization may be said to have lost its occupation since the organization of branch or tOAvnship Bible societies. Temperance League. — The Citizens' Temperance League was organ ized March 6, 1883., with president, A. P. Miller; vice-president, AV. II. Barrett; secretary, B. F. Thompson ; treasurer, P. P. Johnson ; execu- tiArc committee, Charles Girvits, AArest Jersey ; A. G. Hammond, North Essex ; Henry Blood, Valley ; Paul NeAvton, Penn ; A. F. Stickney, East Toulon ; Wm. A. DeAvey, West Toulon; Wm. NoAvlan, Goshen ; Robt. Armstrong, Elmira; E. P. AVright, Osceola,; J. AL Jones, Lafayette; D. Murchison, Toulon Arillage; B. G. Hall, Wyoming Vil lage, and II. J. Bakhvin, Bradford. Tlie Stark County Temperance Union, of Avhich J. II. Quinn avjis last president, preceded the Citizens' Union. For the past forty years this teniperance organization has been carried on under one form or another, and is as justly aggressive today as it Avas Avhen the saloonkeeper and distiller and brcAver placed the whisky shop within easy access of 0Arery citizen. IIoav soon the question of regulating morals will be introduced into temperance work is uncertain. There are many crimes, not always bred of strong drink, against society and the home, Avhich call for prompt denunciation and punishment. 1L. C. T. U. — The AV omen's Christian Temperance Union dates back to May, 1884. In this month Mrs. Smith, of Elmwood, district organizer, canvassed the county and formed three local societies, one at Wyoming, one at Toulon, and one at Lafayette. In February, 1885, a convention Avas held at Wyoming, Avhen Miss McDoAvell organized a, county society. In April, 1SN6, a, branch was established at Stark ATil- lage, and on the lsth of that month the second convention, in Avhich the four societies Avere represented, av;is held at Toulon. Mrs. R. A. Turner has been president since organization, Mrs. Harriet AL Blair treasurer, and Mrs. 0. P. McCorkle are the present officers. Musical Society. — On August, 25, 1S65, the Stark County Musical Union elected A. .1. Wright, president ; D.J. AValker, secretary and treasurer; N. J. Smith, conductor; O. Whitaker, John F. Rhodes, S. M. F. Farrar, Theo. Newell, I'. Ar. Blanchard, and Miss Jennie Hay wood, vice-presidents. For many years this excellent society has not existed as a county organization, but in its place a hundred musical societies have groAvn up, so that no church and very feAv homes are without their OAvn musical circle. AU such societies are referred to in the township and village histories, and this one, too, should find its place there, had it not something to do in founding many of our church choirs of the present time. The Masonic and Odd Fellow societies and Grand Army Posts are treated in the chapters devoted to local history. CHAPTER XII. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES |EGINNINGSof all mutual protection and progressive or ganizations date back to the settlement of Elmira town ship and neighborhood, when the pioneers banded them- |i^m§|| selves together to protect their claims until their lands could be purchased and entered under the laws. FolloAving came the anti-hoi'se-thief and anti-gambling association, then the underground railroad conductors' association, and following" a number of local agricultural organizations. In the fall of 1843 a meeting of famers was held in the old court house, which is iioav the A'irginia House stable, to discuss means and ways for the organization of an agricul tural society. Capt. Henry Butler delivered an address; Jonathan Aimer presided, with Henry Butler secretary. W. H. Henderson was elected president ; Lawrence Dorrance. \ ice-president: J. Emery, R. S.; Oliver Whitaker, secretary; Jonathan Hodgson, treasurer; J. Holgate, Sylvanus Aloore and Cyril ATard, ex ecutive committee. On November 25. 1843. the constitution A\-as signed by the followiiii;' named members: James Holgate. Svl. Aloore. Samuel Camp, Dexter "AVall, S. Strouss. Asher At Smith. Amza Newman, Joseph Newton. L. C. Avery. Nehemiah Merritt, John A. AA'illiams, Abner Camp. William F. Thomas. Henry Butler. L. Dorrance. The Wyoming committee comprised Svl. Moore, William Thomas and James Holgate. The central committee Avas composed of Benjamin Turner, AA". Aliner and Cyril Ward. The Massillon commit tee comprised Atoses Boardman. Stephen Trickle and George Eckley. The Lafayette precinct committee comprised Joseph Emery, Barney Jackson and Henry AleClenahan. The Osceola committee comprised James Aloore. James BusavcII and Henry Sturms. The committee on constitution comprised Charles II. Aliner. Henry Butler and Oliver AVhitaker; and the corresponding committe. Captain Butler, AI. G. Brace, B. AI. Jackson. W. H. Henderson and Aloses Boardman. For some veal's this association existed only in name. Stark County Agricultural Society was organized October 29. 1853 and held its first fair at Toulon, September 20. 1854. In 1868 the society purchased the fair grounds of twelve acres from the county for $72u. and the same year purchased three acres more for $330. Air. Nowlan negotiating the purchases. The original members were: — Henry Butler, senior, Jolin B. Atherton, AVilliam W. AA "right, sr. Hugh* Rhodes. Benjamin Turner. Thomas J. Henderson, Jacob Jami son. B. F. Boughn, S. M. Curtis, Bushrod Tapp, Joseph Cox and 1ST 188 HISTORY' OF STARK COUNTY. AA'illiam Cbamberlin. General Thomas Avas appointed President; Captain Butler, AA'm. AA". AVright, Jiicob Jamison and David AlcCance Avere appointed a committee on constitution. The first election under the constitution took place in November 1853, Avhen Hugh Rhodes was chosen president, Martin Shallenberger and Jacob Jamison, A'ice- presidents, .lohn R. Atherton, treasurer; David AlcCance, recorder; and Captain Butler correspondent. The first fair Avas held in Septem ber 1854, and annually since that time, Avith the exception of 1862. Airs. Shallenberger in her reminiscences of that meeting says : " Some still remember that first fair in 1854, when the stock Avas quartered in Air. AA'hitaker's yard, and exhibited on the public square, Avhile the products of the dairy, kitchen and loom Avere disposed of Avithin the old court house, the table containing a feAv fancy articles which a gentleman lifted up, one by one, that they might be seen by the assemblage." Many, if not till the members of the society of 1S43 Avere interested in this fair. The presidents of the society prior to 1863 were : Hugh Rhodes, Jacob Jamison, Isaac Spencer, Charles Myers, AAr. AAT. AVright and James Holgate. The old secretaries Avere David McCance, G. A. Clifford, Oliver Whitaker and AV. H. Butler, Avith J. R. Atherton and Oliver AVhi taker treasurers. The names of presidents elected since 1S63 are given as folloAvs : 1863, J. H. Qninn ; 1864, James AL Thomas ; 1865, James II. Quinn ; 1866, Davis LoAvman ; 1867, AVilliam Nowlan ; 1S6S, Oliver Whitaker; 1869, Mark Blanchard; 1870, Joseph D. Rhodes; 1872, Mark Blanchard; 1873, II. II. Oliver; 1S74, Henry Cohvell; 1875, AVilliam Holgate; 1876, Winfield Scott; 1877, Dennis MiiAvbey ; 1878, .Joseph D. Rhodes; 1879, Samuel Wrigley; 1880, Andrew Oliver; 1S81, .James M. Rogers; 1X82; Henry Colwell; 1S84, Cyrus Bocock ; and 1885-7, Henry Cohvell. In 1863 Patrick NoAvlan Avas elected secretary, served until 1872 Avhen AAXliam LoAvman Avas chosen, and he gave place to IT. M. Hall, in 1873. James NoAvlan was elected in 1874, served until 1879, when B. J. Hall Avas elected secretary. In lxSn diaries Myers Avas chosen and he served until 18S4, AA'hen James NoAvlan, the present incumbent, Avas elected. The treasurers Avere (). AVhitaker, 1863; AVilliam Loav- man, 186X71; Geo. W. Nichols, 1871 ; Samuel Burge, 1x73-87. The corresponding secretaries since 1863, are named as folloAvs : AATilliam Nowlan, P. M. Blair, Charles Myers, II. M. Hall, Benjamin C. Follett, 1x72, AATilbam NoAvlan and .lames AL Thomas, in 1875-7. The following were elected without opposition at the close of the fair of 18X6 ; Henry Cohvell, president ; Perry AATinn and C. AAf. BroAvn, vice presidents; AV. AAr. Buswell, manager for Osceola and AVilson Trickle, manager for Essex. For secretary James Nowlan received 236 votes and R. J. Dickinson 61. Managers for Goshen, J. Ii. Quinn received 149 votes and Fred Rhodes, 114. Manager for Elmira, Thomas Oliver received 229 A-otes and II. II. Oliver 68. Edward Col gan, Aral ley ; E. B. Lyon, Toulon ; A. J. Johnson, AArest Jersey; and Cyrus Bocock, Penn, were reelected. The field officers of the 'fair of lxxc, were: Col. William Jackson, Marshal; Cora Moore and Frank Berfield, Assistant Marshals; Oliver Whitaker, Judge of Election; AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES. 189 AATill Nicholson and Joseph No Avian, Clerks of Election ; and E. B. Lyon, Superintendent of Grounds. The question of removing the fair to AAXoming Avas mooted early in 1873. and in January, 1874, took a definite form. The history of this movement is best related in the folloAving official documents : AA'yoaung, III.. January X 1S74. AA'e. the citizens of AA'yoming. pledge ourselves that Ave Avill haul the lumber from the fair grounds at Toulon, free of expense, to the Stark County Agricultural Society, to Wyoming ; provided, the society locates their grounds at the latter place. Siynvil. James Holgate, F. F. Brock- way, AV. F. Thomas, Alfred Castle. Perry Stancliff, Samuel Thomas, Isaac Thomas. AA'yomixo, III., January ¦.•.. lS^l. I hereby guarantee the payment of 8800 for the purpose of fencing and improving the Stark County Agricultural Fair Grounds ; providing, the said grounds be located Avithin the corporate limits of AA'yoming, to be paid by June next. Signed, AA'infield Scott. Toulon. Xanuary '.1, 18T4. AA'e, the undersigned, do hereby tender the Stark County Agricultural Society five acres of grounds, adjoining their present grounds on the east, upon the following conditions : 1st. The fairs of said society shall be held on the present fair grounds and the grounds hereby tendered for ten years next ensuing. 2d. The said society will give the right of Avay for a road across the north side of the present fair grounds. 3d. AA'e do further ten der to said society a bouu-fide subscription of ".00 days labor to improve and fence said fair grounds, upon the conditions above specified. Siipieil, B. C. Follett, F. Bacmeister. J. D. Rhodes. On January 24, 1874. the propositions Avere discussed. AVm. Noat- lan's resolution to postpone consideration of the matter until after the fair, Avas lost. Wm. Holgate moved that the AVyoming proposal be accepted, to Avhich J. II. Anthony moved an amendment, providing for a vote on the two propositions by the agricultural board. This amendment Avas carried, and the vote on the question taken with the following result : For tho proposition of Toulon, John II. Anthony. Samuel Burge, Henry AI. Hall. Davis Lowman, A. S. Murchison, Henry II. Olh'er, and James II. Quinn, "; for the proposition of AVyoming, Ilenrv Cohvell, A. J. Finley, Wm. Holgate, AVm. NoAvlan, James Al. Rogers and I. AA". Searls, 6. Thus AA'yoming lost — and the old organi zation of 1X53 continues meetiiiir on the ancient hunting grounds near Toulon. The AA'ool GroAvers' Association of Stark County avjis permanently organized December 2, lxti5, Avith J. II. Quinn. president, and AA"m. Nowlan, secretary. Central Agricultural Society. — The first meeting at Wyoming to form a second agricultural society Avas held October 23. 1X7X. A. G. Hammond presided, with F. B. AVall, secretary. A committee to solicit subscriptions Avas then appointed, consisting of AAT Scott, James Holgate, John AVriglev, Sam. Wriglev, Edward Colgan, A. J. Sheets, Aloiiroe Cox, AVm. Pettit, Sylvester Wilkinson, E. J. Griffin and J. Al. Thomas. For oA'er tAvo years the subject AA'as discussed, but not until 190 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY'. 1881 did plans for the establishment of fair grounds at Wyoming materialize. A meeting to consider the question of establishing a society Avith headquarters at Wyoming Avas held February 5, 1881, on a call issued by Winfield Scott, W. H. Holgate, Samuel Wrigley and A. J. Sheets. This meeting Avas held Avith A. G. Hammond presiding, and T. B. Wall, secretary. A constitution Avas reported, adopted and signed by Benjamin Bunnell, John Monier, John Speers, James McKean, Geo. W. Scott, Winfield Scott, T. B. AVall, James M. Thomas, Sr., and Samuel AVrigley. The officers then elected Avere Winfield Scott, president ; Samuel AAXgley, vice president; T. B. AATall, secretary ; J. M. Thomas, recording secretary ; G. YV Scott, treasurer. The society purchased from Mrs. M. A. Markham a tract of 394, acres at $100 per acre, in April, 1881, and the Avork of building and laying out grounds, entered upon. All was ready in July, and on September 6, 7, 8, and 9, 1881, the first fair Avas held — premiums amounting to $4,000 being offered, the highest premium, $200, being Avon by James Mclvean's 2:284, trotters. The highest premium Avas $50 for short horns, Avon that year and since that time, Avith one exception, 1884, by AAr. Scott & Son. In October, 1881, the election resulted as folloAvs : W. Scott, president ; A. W. King, secretary; R. Davison, vice president; Wm. Holgate, treasurer; James McKean, II. B. Harris, Samuel Wrigley, Geo. W. Scott, directors. At the fair of 1882, tAvo $100 premiums were offered. The officers elected in 1882 Avere Wm. Holgate, president; R. Davison, vice president ; T. B. Wall, secretary ; J. M. Thomas, corresponding secretary ; A. W. King, treasurer ; AV. Scott, R. Davison, S. AVrigley, G. W. Scott and J. M. McKean, directors. The elections of 1883 re sulted as follows : R. Davison, president ; Samuel Wrigley, vice presi dent ; A. G. Hammond, recording secretary; J. AL Ihomas, corres ponding secretary ; Jacob Graves, treasurer ; AV. C. Decker, John Monier, C. AV. BroAvn, Joseph Cox, directors. The officers for 1884 were AVinfield Scott, president; John Monier, vice president; C. P. Mc- Corkle, treasurer ; T. B. Wall, secretar}^ ; D. S. Burroughs, A. W. King, A. LL Mallory, Alichael Colgan, A. J. Sturms, directors. The officers of 1885-86 are AVinfield Scott, president ; John Monier, vice president; C. P. AlcCorkle, treasurer; AAr A. Scott, corresponding and recording secretary, Avith John Monier, C. P. McCorkle, J. A. Klock, Samuel AVrigley, AAr A. Scott, Winfield Scott, T. J. Bocock, James McKean E. II. Mallory, directors. The society Avas incorpo rated in October, 1X79. Winfield Scott, AVm. Holgate, Samuel AATrig- ley and Andrew J. Sheets are named in the certificate, and the capital stock placed at $10,000. The roll of members comprises 231 names of stockholders owning 1,000 shares valued at $10 each, all paid up. The debts of the society in 1885 amounted to $138, Avhile against this, the grounds and buildings, counted among the finest in the State, stand to credit. This property is noAv declared free from taxation. CHAPTER XIII. PHYSICIANS OF THE COUNTY. HE first resident physician of Stark county Avas Dr. Elipha let Ellsworth, who practiced here before the Black Hawk Avar, and made a permanent settlement here in 1834. In 1835 a Dr. Pratt settled in Elmira township, and in 1X37 *" came Dr. Thomas Hall, a man identified closely AA'ith the county up to the period of his death. He was follo\A'ed by Dr. William Chamberlain, in 1840. When dysentery and typhoid preAailed here they traveled on horseback for nine AA'eeks, making eighty miles one clay' and fifty-six the next. Six years later he and Dr. Chamberlain attended l,50o patients and dispensed eighty ounces of quinine or Peruvian bark. Dr. E. R. Board- man, Dr. Bacmeister, Dr. Curtiss, Dr. King, and others, to Avhom full references are made in the toAA-nship histories, must be classed as pioneer physicians. Many of the physicians who haA'e practiced in this county are named in the following revieAV : In May, 1881. Dr. Baldwin sold his office, lot and practice at Toulou to Dr. Pratt, of Galva. Charles AV. Wright, a medical student, died at Toulon, March 9, 1884. On June 28, 1883, Dr. L. L. Long moved to Toulon from Orion. Dr. Oilman, dentist, settled at AATvoming in July, 1870. Dr. Thomas Motter. avIio AA'as found dead in his office at AVyoming. January 6. 1885 ; practiced in that town for twehre years. Dr. J. G. Greene died in August, 1879. He Avas an old resident of Wyoming. Dr. A. SAA-en moA'ed to Canton, AlcPherson county, Kansas, from AVyoming in March, 1886. Dr. Gar field, Avho practiced at Toulon from 1844 to 1848. then residing in a log cabin opposite Benj. Turner's house, moved to LaSalle, 111. Dr. Curtiss, referred to in a former page, Avas one of the early physicians here. In 1865 S. S. Kaysbier began the practice of medicine here. He is noAv in Kansas. Dr. AAr. J. Adams, dentist of Toulon, Avas pro hibited from using rubber dental plates in September, lsii'.i. Dr. Kitchen, a dentist, was here in 1869. Dr. Dunn, brother of Rev. R . C. Dunn, aa'Iio seiwed in the 112th Illinois Infantry, died at Chicago, Cook county, in Alarch, 1869. Dr. AA" alter T. Hall opened his office at Toulon in Alarch, 1869, moved to Bradford in October of that year, but subsequently returned to Toulon. Dentist Hoover AA'as at Toulon in 1880. Dr. Clark Demuth. of Plymouth, Alich.. practiced at Toulon prior to 1881. Dr. J. (.'. Copestake. of Wyoming, practiced at AA'est Jersey, and here also were the following named physicians : AA"est. Barnett, Fpshaw, Perry, AA". A. Hampton, Claybaugh. R. AAr. King. AAT. S. McClenahan. Dr. Lamper practiced some years at Bradford. In 1870 his son Avas appointed receiver for AVashington Territory. Dr. Sivazey, the organizer of the first base ball club in the county, Avas at 191 192 HISTORY" OF STARK COUNTY. Toulon about 1866. In the fall of I860 one Dr. Hayden, of AVyoming. Avas taken to the timber by the people and there shaved, tarred, feathered and pelted witli rotten eggs. His alleged assault on the daughter of the pastor of the M. E. Church there was the cause of this popular punishment. R. O. Phillips, of CaL, practiced at Lafayette up to the time of his emigration to the Pacific slope. Dr. D. F. Chamberlain, a member of the first company sent from Stark Co. to the Avar, is now proprietor of a hotel at Eagle Rock, Idaho. Dr. Joseph S. Kohn died at Dorrance, Stark Co.. March 29. 1885. He was born in Union Co., Pa., in 1809. but for years practiced in Stark and Bureau Counties. Dr Chas. E. Jordan, formerly principal of the Castleton school, is now a dentist at Red Cloud, Neb. Dr. Pinney. of KeAvanee, an old settler of the county. Avho visited Texas, served in the rebel army, returned in April, 1883, is noAv in Texas. His Avife is a sister of Mi's. G. Laurence's mother. Dr. Oilman G. Shaw, a graduate of the Eclectic College of Pennsyhania, settled in . Lombard ville about 1876. Dr. Emigh. of Bradford, left for Red Cloud. Neb., 1883. Dr. A. A". Forgay located at Bradford in February, 1880. Aire. Dr. Henrietta K. Morris, formerly of Bradford. Avas elected vice-president of the State Eclectic Medical Association in May, 18X6. Dr. Annie L. Green removed front Bradford to Princeton in August. 1876. Dr. James Culbertson studied medicine, but has not practiced here. Dr. Azra Lee, a surgeon in the Avar of 1812. connected Avith the village of Duncan, died in August. 1876. Dr. L. T. Sprague settled at Lafayette in the fall of 1SSL and opened a drug store there. Dr. Thomas, a physician of Duncan in 1881. Dr. Daniel Tyrrell is an old settler here, but long since retired from active profes sional work. Dr. S. T. C. Washburn died at Bradford in 1862. aged 40 years. Dr. Young Avas also here that year and here his Avife died. The official list of physicians registered in Stark county since 1877 includes the folloAving names : T. Bacmeister, Germanv, December 4, 1X77; Ii. AI. Hall, now of Kansas; AV. T. Hall, L". S.. December 19, 1x77; L. L. Long, Pennsylvania, April 5, 1884; A. AA". Peterson, Ger many, December 31, 1877, all registered at Toulon. The physicians registered at AVyoming since 1877 are named as follows: J. C. Cope stake, England, February 1, 187X; Harvey X. Fox, Ohio. January 9, I580 ; D. AA". M; i gee, Pennsylvania. December 20. 1881; N. B. Morse, I". S.. February 6, 1S7X. In the other villages throughout the county are found the following named registered physicians (all natives of the Union, AA'ith the exceptions of J. Fieldhouse, of Camp Grove, a native of England): K. O. Boardman, Osceola; E. R. Boardman, Elmira; James G. Boardman. Bradford: AA". AA". Claybaugh, AA"est Jersey; John R. CraAvford. Lafayette; O. 0. Darling, Bradford; S. A.' Davison, Bradford; J. Seth Farrell, Duncan; J. rieldhouse. Camp Grove; J. R. Holgate. Castleton; AA". S. AlcClenahan, AA'est .lersev; -lohn B. AIcDee, Camp Grove; S. T. AA" Potter, AVada Petra; G. G. ShaAv. Lombardville; Loyal T. Sprague, Dr. Nicholls. Lafayette. Alany of the above named physicians are members of the Military Tract Afediciil Society, and a feAv of them are eminent in scientific circles. CHAPTER XIV. RAILROADS. HE Western Air Line Railroad, or a road over the route subsequently surveyed under this name, was mentioned as early as 1S50; but not until 1853 did the idea take practical shape. In that year the Western Air Line Railroad Com pany appealed to the county for aid, and this appeal AA'as liberally responded to. as shoAvn in the following abstract from a supreme court judgment. The case of Olaf John son v. Stark county Avas tried before the State supreme court in April, I860. From the facts, as understood by the court, the foUowing are gh'en: On August 13, 1853. 534 A'otes were cast in favor of aiding the AA"estern Air Line Railroad, ivhile 141 votes were recorded against. In 1855, six per cent bonds were issued for $1,000 each, signed by AA". W. Webster, chairman of the supervisors' board, and Aides A. Frdler, clerk, for Avhich they received $50,000 stock in return. In the eA'idence of Johnson it is said that the SAvedish, or Bishop Hill colony, graded sixteen miles of the road from Wyoming to Galva. It appeared fur ther that AVebster, at the election of railroad officers held at Lacon in 185.6, cast the A'ote to which Stark county Avas entitled, and that in 1857 Isaac Thomas cast a representative vote. The judgment of the circuit court Avas reATersed, and Stark count)- Avas ordered to pay both the principal and interest. In September, 1855 the ceremony of breaking ground was per formed. A dinner Avas spread on the public square at Toulon, and the $50,000 donation to the enterprise promised a twenty-fold return. AVork on this division of the W. A. L. railroad prior to May, 1856. rep resented 98.4o0 yards of excavation and embankment, and during that month 21,000 yards Avere completed. AA". H. Greenwood was engineer. At this time the road ivas graded from the south side of O. AA"bitaker's field to C. L. Eastman's farm. Then the shock came. The embank ment Avas there, but beyond this there Avere no signs of completing the work. Interest coupons were presented and payment refused. On September 15, 1858. one Olaf Johnson sued the county for the amount of interest due on such bonds; but a judgment by the circuit court dismissed the suit; Avhicli Avas reneAved, as stated, by the supreme court ; and in Alarch, 1862, the same victorious Olaf Johnson presented for payment sixty-five coupons; Claudius Jones, forty-one coupons: O. AATiitaker, two coupons, and T. F Hurd, five coupons — all of Avhich the supervisors ordered to be paid. On July 6, 1x65. AVm. LoAvman, of Toulon, was elected treasurer, 12 193 194 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. and Wm. F. Thomas, of Wyoming, a director of the neAV board of the Americal Central R. R. Those men knowing that $700,000 Avorth of work Avas done, and 80 miles of road-bed made ready for the rails, determined not to consent to the abandonment of the enterprise ; but their efforts were not attended Avith success, the county lost $50,000 and a fountain of patience equal to as much more. The Peoria & Rock Island R. R. Co. Avas chartered March 7, 1867. The first railroad meeting held at Toulon was that of Aug. 26, 1867, in re the Peoria and Rock Island R. R. project. Chas. Myers presided Avith Oliver White secretary. M. Shallenberger, A. B. Gould and O. E. Page, of Cambridge, Avere the principal speakers. Resolutions were adopted endorsing the scheme, and a committee comprising M. Shallen berger, Oliver Whitaker, P. M. Blair, Davis LoAvman and Benjamin Turner was appointed to further the project. On Nov. 9, a second meeting Avas held, presided over by C. M. S. Lyon, Avith J. M. Brown, secretary. Resolutions Avere adopted pledging the tOAvnship to sub scribe $50,000, and appointing Miles A. Fuller, Davis LoAvman and Martin Shallenberger a committee to take charge of raising this sub scription. On Nov. 12, 1867, directors Avere elected, and on the same day W. R. Hamilton Avas chosen president and Patrick M. Blair, vice- president. A year or two later one oft the local papers, noticing this election, stated : "It is through Mr. Blair's effort, to a great extent, that the Avork has been pushed forward so speedily in this county." On Nov. 22, 1S67, citizens of Toulon, Penn, Essex, and A'alley toAvn- ships assembled at Wyoming to consider the question of granting a bonus to the P. A R.I. R. Ii. LI. A. Hoist presided, Avith J. C. Cope stake, secretary. A committee comprising A. G. Hammond and C. H. Butler, of Essex ; John AVrigley and Isaac Thomas, of Toulon ; Chas. Holgate and George Nicholas, of Penn ; and Elisha Dixon and Thomas Crone, of Valley, Avas appointed to draft resolutions. Their report Avas adopted, and each tOAvnship pledged to subscribe $50,000. A sec ond committee to confer with the directors AA'as appointed. Isaac Thomas, AVinfield Scott, S. K. Conover and James AI. Rogers Avere the members. The voting on this question Jan. 27, 1868, resulted as fol- Ioavs : Toulon, for 284, contra 155, majority 129 ; Goshen, for 120, con tra 116, majority!; Essex, for 115, contra 120, majority 5; Valley voted $30,000. The free holders Avere Avary this time, and surrounded their bonds with such conditions that default on the part of the com pany Avas out of the question. In Dee, 1867, the surveyors arrived at Toulon, having run the line from Princeville to Toulon via Wyom ing. In July, 1868, the road was permanently located on this route (in preference to the route via Brimfield), striking the old grade of the America Central at Wyoming, and folloAving that to Toulon. In Aug ust, 1869, the Avork of repairing the grade of the " American Central," or W. A. L. R. R., Avas entered upon just Avest of Toulon, the consider ation to the old defaulting company being about $27,000. The road Avas so far completed by 1X.71 that in .June of that year a construction train steamed into Toulon, the event being celebrated by a dinner spread in Judge Ogles giwe. On July X, 1871, the first regular train passed over the road. RAILROADS. 195 In October, 1869, the Peoria & Rock Island Railroad Co. Avas con solidated with the Rock Island & Pacific Railroad, thus uniting the Coal Valley Railroad and completing one of the best short lines in the state. During the quarter century of its existence, several accidents on this road have been recorded, the death of young Fuller near the depot being one of the saddest. On January 10, 1881, a coach attached to the freight went over the embankment on the Rock Island & Peoria near Indian creek. Conductor Samuel Grant Avas killed. The thermometer stood 28° beloAv zero, so that the survivors were almost frozen Avhen rescued. In January, 1882, William Allen, a well-known cattle-dealer, was killed by a train Avhile crossing the Rock Island & Peoria track near Robt. Mitchell's house. The Rock Island & Peoria is assessed $198,755 for its 19 miles and 469 feet of main track, 1 mile and 2,420 feet of side track; buildings valued at $1,500 and rolling- stock at $11,055 Avithin Stark county. The Rushville Branch of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy rail road brings one back to 1855, when the Jacksonville & Savannah rail road project Avas agitated and the Peoria & Hannibal railroad project became pretentious. In 1861, James II. Stipp and Judge Henry L. Bryant, the central figures of "the two corporations, gave a perpetual lease of the tAvo roads to James F. Joy and E. B. Ward, agents of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, the conditions being that the roads Avould be completed and operated regularly by the greater corpora tion. In 1862 the road was completed to Canton, May 2, and to Lew- iston in June, 1862, and to Rushville in 1869, and early the same year the question of subsidy Avas mooted in Valley, Essex, Penn and Osce ola townships, as related in the several chapters devoted to those The branch Avas then known as the Peoria, Dixon & Hannibal rail road. Being very liberally subsidized, the builders completed the 444, miles — Buda to Elmwood — in 100 days, and thus defeated the efforts of the Rock Island & Peoria people to claim the pioneer rail road of the county. Dr. Alfred Castle, an old resident of Wyoming, Avas one of the leading spirits in pushing forward this enterprise ; and it is related that for a time the neAV road Avas generally called " The Castle Flax-road," the sobriquet of the doctor being " Old Flax." Through his influence the depot Avas placed in the new toAvn, a distance from the business center, round which North Wyoming has since grown up. The Chicago, Burlington & Quincy railroad is assessed $192,641 for its 20 miles and 4,892 feet of main track, 1 mile and 4,624 feet of side track, together Avith buildings valued at $2,721, and rolling-stock at $27,668, all Avithin Stark county. The Havana, Toulon & Fulton City Railroad Co. Avas projected in 1869 and subscriptions asked for. In 1880 it was reported that a branch of the Hannibal & St. Joe railroad Avas to be built from Quincy to Chicago via Wyoming. At this time, also, the Peoria & Northwestern railroad project came up, providing for a route via Wyoming and Toulon to Dubuque. In July, 1881, articles of incorporation were filed at Toulon by the Indiana, Illinois & Iowa Railroad Co. It promised a third railroad to Stark county, but the scheme did not materialize. A meeting to 196 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. foster the building of this road Avas held at the county seat in March, 1882. John M. BroAvn presided, with A. P. Miller, secretary. Smith, of Keithsburg, gave the history of the enterprise, and a committee was appointed to solicit subscriptions to the capital stock. E. A. Burge, J. H. Miller, AArm. Nowlan, W. H. AA"inans, James H. Quinn, Major Merriman, Harrison Miner, John O'Neil and Samuel Burge were appointed; but the time was inopportune, and so the project is alloAved to sleep. The Atchison, Santa Fe A Chicago Railroad Company, a south- Avestern people are no at seeking direct communication Avith Chicago. Surveyers have been through this country, and the probability is that ivithin a short time Stark county Avill have a main line instead of the branches which afflict her Avith their variable time-tables and total ab sence of a desire to connect their trains for the convenience of the public. The Great Southern A Canadian Underground Railroad, noticed in the old settler's chapter, has long since passed aAvay. The division of Stark Avitnessed many a Aveary slave pass forward on the road to Canada and freedom — a criminal in his oavh land. CHAPTER XA" MILITARY HISTORY. HE beginnings of Illinois Territory Avere made in Avar. Hamilton, the British scalp-buyer, his troops and Indian allies, Avere subjected to all those in glorious defeats recorded in British as Avell as American history. In 1X32, Black Ha-Avk's Indians renewed the Avar, but Avere subjected and planted beyond the Mississippi. In May, 1846, 8,370 citi zens of Illinois ansAverecl the call for troops to seiwe in the Avar against Mexico. Of this number, 3,720 Avere accepted, forming the first six regiments of Illinois militia. The vol unteers Avon signal honors at Passo de Ovegas, August lo, 1847 ; National Ridge, August 12 ; Cerro Gordo, August 15 ; Las Ani mas, August 19 ; the siege of Puebla, September 15 to October 12 ; Atlixico, October 19 ; Tlascala", NoAreinber 10 ; Matanioras and Pass- Galajara, November 23 and 24 ; Guerilla Ranch, December 5 ; Napal- oncan, December 10, 1847 ; at St. Martins, February 17, 1848 ; Cholula, March 26; Matacordera, February 19; Sequalteplan, February 15, this division did magnificent service. The affairs of Arera Cruz, Chur- ubusco, Chepultepec and Mexico City Avill forever be identified Avith the names of the troops of Illinois, and her citizen-general, James Shields. This Avar cost $66,000,000. and defended for 'the Union the Lone Star State. MILITARY HISTORY. 197 The Avar of 1861-65 cost the LTnited States about $4,000,000,000, and Avas the direct cause of the loss of about 1,000,000 of men to the Avhole country. The manner in Avhich Illinois responded to the call of the President, April 14, 1861, is told in the folloAving simple record. The record of volunteer troops organized Avithin the state, and sent to the field, commencing April, 1861, and ending December, 31, 1865, Avith number of regiment, name of original commanding officer, date of organization aud muster into United States seiwice, place of muster, and the aggregate strength of each organization, have been prepared Avith great care, and forms in itself a concise record of Illinois in the Avar for the Union. It is said that only one organized company was given by " the North " to the armies of the Confederacy. That com pany Avas raised in southern Illinois by Captain Thorndyke Brooks. He had ninety splendid felloAVS to share with him his bold enterprise. A. recapitulation of the rosters sIioavs : Infantry, 185,941 ; Cavalry, 32,082 ; Artillery, 7,277 ; or a grand total of 225,300. The actual number of enlistments in Illinois from 1861 to 1865 Avas 259,147, which includes reenlistments in veteran reserve corps, and ordi nary reenlistments. This number, ho Ave ver, does not include 20,000 or 30,- 000 citizens of Illinois, found in various branches of the army and navy and in the volunteer regiments of other states. The conduct of the troops, from the day they took possession of Cairo to the close of the Avar, Avas one magnificent testimony to the Avorth of citizen soldiery. The War of the Revolution and that of 1812 are connected Avith the history of the county only so far as the names of a feAv actual par ticipants, and of the sons of revolutionary soldiers are connected Avith the settlement of the county. Among the old soldiers of 1812, present at a meeting held at Toulon, November 24, 1860, Avere Sylvester Sweet, William Winter, Louis Lasure, Dunn, Jackson, George Rose, Jacob Jamison and feAv others Avhose names are found in the tOAvnship' histories. This meeting was called just six months after the Scotch or neAV Americans of Elmira tOAvnship had organized a company for defense. The Avriter's research at Hennepin did not bring to light the name of more than one pioneer of Stark county, Thomas Essex, con nected Avith the Black Hawk squabble. There is no doubt, however, that many of the men Avhose names are connected Avith the history of Stark fifty-five years ago, notably those mentioned as jurors in 1831, Avere ready to defend their territory. During the Black Hawk AVar it is related that one of the early German settlers of Spoon river precinct remained at home to protect his sick wife, after his neighbors had fled. Excitement, hoAvever, overcame love and duty, and he addressed the invalid thus: " Katrina Ave vas all scalluppecl b}r the Injines, ov I don't go aAvay so quick as never ATas. I get on my pony and go under der fort. You don't be afraid. Dey not hurt you." Saying this the chivalric settler set off, but the Avife, driven to desperation, bridled another horse, and reached the fort before her lord. A reference to the history of the toAvnships and pages devoted to biography discloses the fact that a feAv citizens of Stark served in the Mexican War. 198 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. The first war meeting Avas held at Toulon, April 15, 1861. The report of this meeting as published in the Chicago Tribune is as fol lows: "Elihu N. Powell was called to the chair, and James A. Hen derson Avas appointed Secretary. — Judge PoAvell on taking the chair, briefly stated that the object of the meeting was to consider the pres ent state of the country — to renew our devotion to the glorious insti tution, and to pledge our lives in the maintenance and defence of the government and the constitution, and the union as it is. — Honorable J. H. HoAve, G. A. Clifford, Dr. Wm. Chamberlain, Thomas J. Hen derson, Levi North, and Alex. McCoy were successively called upon and responded. Resolutions were adopted, one of whicli reads as fol- Ioaa's: " That in the present crisis of our country, we will ignore all mere party considerations, and uphold the administration in enforcing the laAvs north and south, and in putting down rebellion Avherever it may arise. And to that end Ave invoke the entire poAA'er of the govern ment, and Ave hereby adopt as our motto those memorable words uttered long since on a similar occasion by a patriot noAv in his grave. " Liberty and Union now and forever, one and inseparable." The first officers of the Home Guards Avere : Jacob Jamieson, capt.; T. J. Henderson, first lieut.; H. M. Hall, second lieut.; George Green, third lieut.; O. Whitaker, orderly. Oliver Whitaker presided at this organization May 18, 1861. The Stark county volunteers organized May 19, 1861, Avith David DeAvolf, capt.; S. S. Kaysbier, first lieut.; Hugh B. Creighton, second lieut.; J. H. Chaddock, first sergt.; Joel Dixon, second sergt.; Harry Pierce, third sergt.; Charles E. Shinn, fourth sergt.; William Dixon, first corpl.; Richard Alderman, second corpl.; Jefferson Ellis, third corpl., and. A. P. Finley, fourth corpl. On June 22, 1861, a meeting ivas held at Osceola village to provide for expenses incurred in fitting out the " Elmira Rifles." Like all such meetings in this township, this was a success. In July, 1861, Dr. Thomas Hall and Davis Lowman were appointed a committee to publish in the Stark county News directions for pre paring bandages and lint. The following ladies Avere appointed a com mittee for procuring bandages and lint : Elmira — Mrs. E. C. Spencer, Miss C. Brace, Mrs. Oliver Smith. Osceola — Mrs. Mark Blanchard, Mrs. R. Chamberlain, Mrs. S. M. Hill. Aralley — Mrs. J. M. Rogers, Mrs. C. A. Fox, Mrs. P. Blood. Toulon— Mrs. O. Whitaker, Mrs. Dr. Chamberlain, Mrs. P. M. Blair. Goshen — Mrs. Jacob Jamison, Mrs. J. W. Rogers, Airs. T. F. Hurd. AVest Jersey — Mrs. C. M. S. Lyons, Mrs. James Hulsizer, Mrs. J. II. Anthonv. Essex — Mrs. J. Dennis, Mrs. Wm. F. Thomas, , Mrs. Henry Hoist. Penn — Mrs. Virgil Pike, Mrs. John Snare. The Soldiers' Relief Circle of Toulon organized November 12, 1861, Avith Mrs. O. Whitaker, president ; Mrs. O. Gardner, vice-president ; Mrs. C. Eastman, treasurer ; Miss E. Marvin, secretary ; Mrs. P. M. Blair, Mrs. S. S. Kaysbier, Mrs. M. A. Fuller and Miss R. White, com mittee on supplies. Mrs. J. Shinn Avas appointed treasurer in March, 1862, up to Avhich time $42 Avere collected. The supervisors on June 10, 1861, adopted resolutions for the appointment of a committee to disburse military and relief funds, and that such funds be raised by MILITARY HISTORY. 101) special tax of tAventy cents per $100. The uses specified ivere, first, for the support of soldiers' families, and secondly, for equipping and uniforming Stark county soldiers. The first report of the committee was made in 1862. The appeal of the Home Guards, Avhich led to this legislation, A\-as signed by G. A. Clifford, chairman, Jacob Jamison, T. J. Henderson, Oliver Whitaker, Charles Myers and Amos P. Gill, a committee appointed by the guards. The 'Military Disbursing Com mittee of Stark county, appointed in June, 1861, comprised David McCance, Davis LoAvman and Oliver Whitaker. They disbursed $635 to Capt. Stuart's Elmira Rifles of 105 men ; $456 to Capt. Dickenson's Lafayette Rifles of 76 men, and $402 to Capt. Jamieson's Stark County Rifles of 77 men. To soldiers' families in Toulon township, $76.62 were gh-en ; in Goshen, $106.87 ; in Valley, $12 ; in Penn, $20.71 ; in Osceola, $9, and in Elmira, $86, or, $311.98 to soldiers' families and $1,548 to volunteers from June to December 2, 1861. In February, 1862, Avhat purported to be a complete list of Stark county soldiers avIio had died up to that date, was published, viz., Rob ert Charles Reed, AVilliam YT. Perry, William Nicholsonj Wallace Hughes, John A. Perry, all of Company B, Thirty-seventh Infantry ; George Comstock, Nineteenth Infantry ; George W. Ellis, C. W. Drummond, John Cox (Peoria Artillery), Company K, Forty-seventh Infantry ; William H. Packer and Murray Hotchkiss, Thirty-third Infantiy ; James S. Taylor, Company B, Forty-second Infantry ; James T. Marshall, Company D, Forty-seventh Infantry, and Perry Kent, Company B, Forty-seventh Infantry. Sylvester F. Otman was appointed by the relief committee of Wyoming, in March, 1862, to visit the Forty-seventh Infantry in the field. The relief committee of Elmira selected T. J. Henderson to visit the Elmira company in the field, in March, 1862. Dr. Pierce, representing the Toulon Aid Society, visited the troops in the field in March, 1862. The officers of the Wyoming Soldiers Relief Society in April, 1862, Avere Mrs. M. A. Hoist, president ; Mrs. A. G. Hammond, secretary ; Miss Lucy Butler, treasurer. The committee on collections comprised Madams " Isaac Thomas, B F. Foster, AA". B. Armstrong, P. Pettit, Mary Butler, J. Wrigley, J. B. Lashels and J. MattheAvs. S. F. Otman is mentioned as an aid of the ladies committee. On June 5, 1863, a meeting Avas held in the Presbyterian church, Elmira, AArith a vieAv of helping along the objeets of the Soldiers' Aid Society. $151 in cash, a firkin of butter, five barrels of potatoes, together Avith other supplies were subscribed. In Osceola village $90 was subscribed, making $235 for the township under this call. On July 8, 1863, the fall of Vicks- burg Avas celebrated throughout the county. A company called the "Bloody Marines" brought out the gun and fired a salute. Some days before this, after the battle of Gettysburg, the Union flag Avas hoisted on the court house. The Women's Loyal League of Penn township, Avas organized July 27, 1863, Avith forty members. Mrs. J. M. Ricker presicled, with Mrs. S. S. Sockwell secretary. In August 1862, Provost-Marshal White visited Bradford to arrest two young men named Terwilliger, on the charge of desertion. The father tried to aid in the escape of the boys. White learned the game and cautioned 200 HISTORY" OF STARK COUNTY. the old gentleman against repeating it, and told him that should he not place the young men in custody Avithin two days, himself would be arrested. The delivery was not made and the marshal reA'isited Bradford and asked the old gentleman to come along under arrest, but he responded that he should not go unless he Avent dead. '• As you prefer about that," said the marshal, "but I think you better go ahAe." The old man then attacked him Avith the hay fork, but White pushed the weapon aside and hit the prisoner on the head AA'ith a beaA'v cane, cutting a deep wound. TerAvilliger surrendered. Avas taken to Dr. Little's and patched up. but was not imprisoned at that time. Lieut. C. AA". Brown, of the One-hundred-and-tAvelfth Illinois In fantry, with Sergeants AVilliam Doyle. John Lane and Henry Graves, opened a recruiting station in the Hoist building, at AVyoming, in Jan uary, 1864. Oliver White, recruiting agent for Stark county, made a call on the county to furnish its quota in February, 1864. His address contains the folloAving paragraph : " Fathers and mothers encourage your sons to rally once more around the old flag, and the day is ours almost without a struggle, for the blind giant of rebellion already reels and falters. The Avork of finishing his troubled existence Avill be sharp and short. The enormous government bounties — $302 for neAV recruits and $402 for veterans — are still offered. * * * * * Board and transportation furnished to recruits for any Illinois regiment in the field." Jacob Galley, of Toulon, Avas killed at Franklin, Teun., in 1S64, while holding the flag. His body was brought here and interred. Springer Galley was Avounded there, and AA" right Oziah was reported Avounded. The number of men to be drafted in the county in August, 1864, Avas 154, divided as folio ays : Toulon and Essex, 34 : Elmira and Osce ola, 36 ; A"alley and Penn, 53 ; Goshen and West Jersey, 31. J. AV. Hewitt Avas president and T. Bacmeister secretary of the Toulon and Essex Draft Association in 1864. The county central aid committee received in September, 1864. $146 from Osceola and $19 from Elmira. The Osceola subscription com prised $47 through Airs. Riley Chamberlain. $78.85 through the Brad ford soldiers' aid society, $14.75 from indh'iduals at Bradford, and S6 from Lodge 131, I. O. G. T. Alfred Foster. Airs. Riley Chamberlain and Airs. Dr. Little formed the committee in Osceola.* At this time AA". II. Butler raised $27 in Essex. On August 24, 1864, Rev. R. C. Dunn delivered his celebrated funeral discourse in the Methodist church at Toulon. After noticing the organization of the One-hundred and-twelfth Regiment he savs: " ( )f these have been killed : AA". AA". AVright, its Captain : AA". P. Finley. its second Lieutenant; AA'illiani C. Bell, Aaron Riclle, John Kendall, ( tlaus Fors, Elmore Barnhill, J. II. Lane. A. G. Pike, R. AL Dewev, G. AV. Rhodes, .lohn AA". AVhitten, and Llenry 0. Hall — 14. Died oi' dis ease: R. O. AA"estfall, J. L. Adams, AVilliam Creighton, George Miller, J. D. Aladden, John F. Negus. G. AA". Oziah — 7. Homer Leeke. re cruit, died on his way to the regiment. Thomas F. AVhite av;is droAvned in Clinch river. Tayo have been discharged on account of wounds, N. Crabtree and J. F. Rhodes. Four are prisoners, EdAvin Butler, Z. H. BLACK HAWK — CHIEF OF THE SACS. MILITARY HISTORY. 2eser\e Corps, January •-'5. 186 1b Springer (ialley. William Johnson. Win, II. Newcomer (discharged for disability), Ceorgc II. Stone, Isaac Ran- uisler (diseluirged for disability), llenry I''. Dnxison (discharged). Aaron T. Courier (discharged for disability). Owen Carlin (died al Nasln ille, October 31, 18(i".), Francis CroAvden, (ieorge CroAVtlen (diseluirged for disa- bilily). Jason (1. Duncan (discharged fordisabilify). Win. Douglas. Kdward Krvin (Avounded at Dalton, (hi., February. 1861), Adam (i. Fell (dis charged lo roonlisU, AA'illiam II. Flemming (diseluirged for disability1), Charles Groonliold (wounded and discharged), Reuben Giirdiner (dis charged, disability"), AA'esley Midi, .Lunes lluekins, Alfred S. llunnenl (disability), l'.rnoul Kempion, Isiiae Kenyou (killed ill Slono River), Alonzo Luce, Charles N. Leeson (killed at Stone River, December 31, 1862), .lohn M Laniper, .liunes Alerril, Samuel Montooth, Joseph C. Meigs, Daniel J. Moon, Comfort Morgan, Columbus Morgan (died ill Murfreesboro, January 7, 1863; wounds), Cornelius Morgan (died al Pilot Knob, Missouri, (September 15, 1861), George Miller, .lohn Me- Sherry, AA'illiam N. Nelson, Joseph N. Park, George N. Ryorson (killed at Stone River, January 2, 1863), George P. Richer, George T. Sharror (wounded al Slone River, December 31, |S62), Ilenrv C. Shull (diseluirged July 8, 1862), John ( >. Spnuhling, Klijnh N. 'iVnvilligor (Company D), Albert Terwilliger (Company D), Autos A'inson (A'. R. C), LeAvis AVilliiuns, John AVebber, Kdwin 1). Way (discharged for disability, July, 1862), .lames (). hues (killed nl Stone River, Decern her 31, 'l Sil_).' The recrttils of 1861 ntul 1862 wore: Urban Coon, Lewis Corsan (discharged for disability, September, 1861), Asa (Mark (discharged to roenlisl), George Conislook (died al Louisville, ( )efober 29, iS(if), Leonard I >. Henderson, AA'illurd Jordan (killed al Chieka inauga, Sepleinber 2d, 1 863), Madison Linsley (missing), Jnsepli M. Leiieox (A'. R. C.), John Me('oii(diie, James G. Turnbull (Irnnsforrod II. tt). I !fh A. C.), Adrian Coon (deserted), Frank llorrigan (killed nl Pulaski, Tenn., May 2, 186_), AVilliam lines (killed at Reynold's Sta, MILITARY HISTORY. 209 tion, August 27, 1862), John lines, Martin lines (promoted). Robert Fell (discharged to reonlist), Thomas AV. Oziah (transferred to II. Q. 14th A. C), Fred II. AVhitaker, David Jackson (transferred to II. Q. 14th A. C). (\mipanv C recruits were: James Atherton (discharged for disa bility), AVesley Hall (veteranized), John McSherrv, June, 1861 ; ;uid Company D recruits: Elijah AAT. Terwilliger and Albert Tei'Avilliger, enlisted in June, 1861 (deserted). The organization of the Nineteenth Illinois A'eteran A'olunteer association took place August 22, 1879, near Aurora. Col. Raffen av;is elected president ; Lieut. -Col. AATilliam Jackson and Thomas Lawler, vice-presidents; James SteAvart, secretary, and John Stephens, treas urer. From 1880 to the present, reunions of this association have been held. Company P>, Nineteenth Illinois Infantry A'eteran club, held its annual reunion, October 11. 1883. Dr. James G. Boardnian was elected president; Charles Stuart, of Osceola, vice-president; Lieut. AA'illiam Jackson, of Elmira, secretary and treasurer. Capt. C. Stuart and I. M. Spencer, of Osceola; Capt. A. Murchison and Ihomas Rob inson, of KeAvanee, and James Alontooth, of, Alodena, were elected members of executive committee. Like the regimental association. that of Company B is perfect in organization, as its meeting's are ;d ways numbered among the most pleasant, happy military gatherings. TAventieth Infantry, organized at Joliet. avus mustered in June 13. 186 1; had first engagement with Jeff. Thompson's rebels. October 20th, near FredericktoAvn. In January, 1862, the command accom panied Grant through Kentucky; in February engaged at Fort Donel son; in April, at Shiloh; at Britton's Lane, on September 1st, and so on, through Jackson. Holly Springs, Tallahatchie, to the muster out at Chicago. July 19, 186.V The substitutes and drafted men from Stark county, in this comimuid, were, in Company B — AA'illiam Border, Zelotiis Kendall, of Goshen, enlisted September 30, 1864. Company D — AA'illiam Keeper (drafted). Calvin A'ulgamot (drafted). September. 1864. Company E — James Parrel], January. 186.'); Philip Graves, EdAvard Quish, October. 1864; Finley C AfcClellaii. Herman Shrader, Valley, September, 1864. Company F — Thomas GniA'es, September. 1864. Company 1 — Alichael Flinn. January, 18i>.">; AA'illiam II. Little (drafted"), AA est Jei-sey, September, 1864. TAventy-fourth Infantry was mustered in at Chicago. July 8. 1861 ; served in Illinois, Alissouri and Ohio until moved to Kentucky in Sep tember. In Kentucky and Tennessee the command avus fortunate in striking terror into rebel hearts. From April, 1862. to muster out in July, 186),'), the regiment participated in several engagements, losing. near Perry ville, on October 8, 1862. 110 in killed, Avounded and miss ing. Jerome B. Thomas, of AA'yoming, enlisted at KeAA'anee, and coin- missioned first-assistant surgeon, March 3, 1862. Twenty -eighth Infantry av;is organized at Camp Butler in August, 1861; served at Fort Holt. Ky.. until January. 1S6.2: in February participated in the capture of Forts llenry and Ileiman; at Pittsbuig Landing in March; at Peach Orchard in April; at Corinth in May; lost niiietv-seven killed at Alatainora in October. 1862; at A'icksbury 210 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. in June and July, 1863; lost seventy-three killed at Jackson in July, 1863; reenlisted as a A^eteran regiment, January 4th; consolidated into four companies, October 10, 1864; lost fourteen killed at Spanish Fort, February 27, 1865. Companies G, H, I, and K, from Camp Butler, joined the command in April, 1865; in July moved to Texas, and served there until peace Avas restored. In this command the following named Stark county soldiers served : In Company E — James C. Hall and John Waldron enlisted February, 1864, both from Penn. Com pany F — Edress M. Conklin, October, 1864, (substitute). Company K — James M. Paden, Toulon, September, 1861; George A. Arm strong, Elmira, and Jeremiah Ferguson, Goshen, enlisted March, 1865. Thirty-third Infantry was mustered in at Camp Butler in August, 1861, 1660 strong. The command served in Missouri and Arkansas until the spring of 1863, Company A checking a charge of 2000 Texan Rangers at Cotton Plank. On moAring to Louisiana, it participated in the battles of Fort Gibson, Champion Hills, Black River bridge; siege of Jackson and A'icksburg; moved to New Orleans in August with Thirteenth Corps; in October joined the Bayou Teche campaign; afterward aided in the capture of Fort Esperanza; moATed thence to Fort Lavaca. The command Areteranized March 14, 1864; returned on furlough to Bloomington ; reorganized at Camp Butler in April, 1864, and in Alay proceeded to Brashear, La. ; the non-veterans re turned via New York city, in September, Avith prisoners, leaA'ing the veterans to share the glory of closing the campaign. From March until April, 1865, this command was before Mobile; then moved to Montgomery ; thence to AXksburg, and mustered out November 24, 1865. In Company B of this regiment Avere the folloAving named soldiers from this countv : Captains — C. Judson Gill, January 23, 1863, resigned September 23, 1863; Nelson G. Gill, September 23, 1863. First lieutenants — C. Judson Gill, September, 1861; Nelson G. Gill, January, 1863. Second lieutenants — Nelson G. Gill, Sep tember. 1862; NeAvton G. B. Brown, August, 1865, veteranized and promoted to first lieutenant. First sergeant — Nelson G. Gill, August, 1861. Corporal — AAr alter T. Hall, August, 1861, promoted. Privates, who enlisted August 20, 1861, Avere Jessie Armstrong, AVilliam Biggs (A'eteranized), George DeAvev, George Fezler, Charles Green (trans ferred to band), Murray Hotchkiss (died at St. Louis, December 20, 1831), Echvard 11. Ingraham (veteranized), Charles S. Johnson (died at Ironton, AIo.. February 6, 1803), George LoATinan (transferred to hand), AA'illiam J. R. Mayo (veteranized), AndreAV McKee (died at Pocahontas, Ark., May 3, 1862), Charles Shinn (veteranized), LeAvis Thomas (discharged for disability, December, 1862), NeAvton G. B. BroAvn (veteranized), Daniel Donovan (veteranized), and Harrison AV. Ellis. The recruits of 1864-5 were Calvin Butler, Otis T. Dyer, Levi T. Ellis, AA'alter .V. Fell (see One-hundred-and-twenty-fourth Illinois), Hugh Y. Godfrey, Alvin Galley (see One-lmndred-and-tAveiity-fourth Illinois), Charles C. Hotchkiss, Thomas AA1*. Rule (see One-hundred-and- twenty-fourth Illinois), San ford StroAvbridge (supposed died April 10, 1865, of Avounds) John II. Stickney, Andreiv Turnbull. In the regi mental band were Charles Green and George A. LoAvman, of Toulon; MILITARY' HISTORY. 211 and in Company K — John Peterson (veteranized), Adam Rush (dis charged for disability) ; both enlisted in December, 1861. Thirty-fourth Infantry organized in 1861 ; mustered out in 1864. and A'eteranized. Held tAvo representatives from Stark county — James Hall and John AA'aldron, of Penn tOAvnship. Thirtj'-seventh Infantry was organized at Chicago in September, ISfll, Avith ten companies of infantry and tAvo of cavalry. In Janu ary, 1862, the command AA'as present at Pea Ridge; in September, at XeAvtonia ; in October, at Favetteville ; subsequently relieved General Blunt, and camped at Prairie Grove, Ark., after tramping 2.250 miles. The command was mustered out in Alay, 1866. This command held a number of Goshenites, who enlisted August 19, 1861. In Company B, of this regiment, the folloAving named soldiers served : Captain — Charles A'. Dickinson, August 19, 1861. . First-lieutenant — Cassimir P. Jackson, August 19, 1861, resigned July 9, 1862 ; Francis A. Jones, July 9, 1862; Luman P. Himes, veteranized and promoted first-lieuten ant. Second-lieutenant — Francis A. Jones; David L. Ash, July 9, 1862. Sergeants — David L. Ash ; AA'illiam X. Perry, died at St. Louis, December 1, 1861 ; Fayette Lacey, promoted sergeant-major, reduced August 19, 1865. Corporals — Oliver S. Risdon, sergeant, transferred to corps d'Af., September 27, 1863; Thomas J. McDaniel, sergeant, died at Cassville, AIo., June 9, 1S62; Luman P. Himes, veteranized ; Chilion B. Redfield, died at CassA'ille, AIo., June 9, 1862; Joshua S. Dudley ; James S. Lundy ; John A. Perry, died at Otterville, AIo., January 13, 1862; AVilliam Nicholson, died at St. Louis, November 26, 1S61. Musician — George Ransom. The private soldiers Avere — enlisted in August, 1861 — John Ander son, veteranized ; Aaron S. Anshutz, AndreAv Anderson (discharged for AA'ouncls); AA'illiam AA'. Atkins, David Anshutz (veteranized); Alva AAT. BroAvn, AYilliam H. Barney, A'eteranized ; AA'illiam AA' Bryan (killed at Prairie Grove, Ark., December 7, 1862); Joseph Barlow (died at NeAV Orleans, Alay 6, 1S64); Emery S. Buffum, John AV. Buffum, John Charleson, Lucius Church (discharged February 14, 1862); AA'illiam II. Craig, AArilliam T. Dickinson, Eldrige B. Driscoll, died at New Orleans, September 5, 1863; Michael AL Emery, John A. Eddy, Alartin Fitch, Nelson Grant, Alatthew T. Godfrey, died at BroAA-nsville, Texas; Charles F. Himes. veteranized; N. G. Hilliard, George II. Hurd, AAT. H. Hurd, Norman Ives (discharged for Avounds) ; Aloses S. Jones, veteranized, and discharged for disability ; George AV. Kirby (veteranized); Daniel Kiem, Julius Kelsey, Anthony Kennard ( \reteranized) ; Alvin Kiem, Dennis Lee (discharged for wounds); Thomas R. Lake, A'eteranized; James E. Lee (killed at Pea Ridge, Ark., March 7, 1862) ; Samuel Lemoine, Daniel Lundy, Chauncey R. Miner,, Benjamin II. Morgan, died at Springfield, AIo., November 26, 1862; Ira NeAvton, A'eteranized; AA'illiam J. Noran, David NoAvlan, AVilliam M. Pilgrim, Edward Perkins, Robert C. Reed, died at Otter ville, AIo., October 23, 1861; John Reed, George AV. Rouse (First United States Artillery) ; John Sackrisson, Henry Sipe, Henry AAr. AVilbur, Martin AA'ilcox, veteranized ; Henry B. Dexter, A'eteranized ; Luther Fitch, Thomas Hughes, Cummings Force, Hartford J. RoAve, 13 212 HISTORY' OF STARK COUNTY. Samuel AV. Young (A'eteranized). The recruits Avere Joseph H. New- ton, February 6, 1865, and David AV. Snyder, April 24, 1864. Thirty-eighth Infantry organized at Camp Butler in September, 1861, ordered to Missouri that month, engaged Jeff. Thompson's rebels at FredericktoAvn, and in March, 1862, Avas assigned to the division of S. E. Missouri. The history of this command is one of heavy marching and small battles up to December, 1862, Avhen it participated in the battle of Stone RiA'er, losing 34 killed, 109 Avounded and 34 missing. After this affair the regiment appears to be evervAvhere, engaged in everything, until mustered out at Victoria, Tex. The Stark county men in this command Avere: In Company E., enlisted August, 1861, John M. Cole, Thos. C. Davis (taken prisoner), Peter Lane, discharged for disability. Fortieth Infantry, mustered in August 10, 1861, at Salem, 1,277 strong, claimed the following named Stark countv soldiers : Company G., Hugh D. Keffer, enlisted at McLeansboro, July, 1861 ; promoted captain April, 1865. In Company D., John Timmons, recruited March, 1865. (See 93d Illinois.) Forty-first Infantry, organized at Decatur in August, 1861, served in Missouri and Kentucky up to February, 1862, participated in the three-days' siege of Fort Donelson, Avas at Pittsburg Landing in March, at Shiloh in April, and at Corinth in Alay, 1862. At Jackson the com mand lost 40 killed and 122 Avounded, in July, 1863; Avent into winter quarters at Big Black river, Avhere it remained until consolidation Avith the Fifty-first Regiment. Stark county Avas represented as follows : Company D., James I). Anderson, enlisted July, 1861 ; transferred to A'eteran Battalion, Company A., as corporal, January, 1864. Forty-second Infantry, mustered in at Chicago September 17, 1861. Avith 1,824 men, moved at once to St. Louis, and served in Missouri and Kansas, until April, 1862; subsequently served before Corinth, at Farm- ington. Stone river, in the Tullahoma campaign, at Ohickamauga, and Mission Ridge. The command veteranized January 1, 1864, engaged in the Atlanta campaign, at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Adairville, NeAV Hope Church, Pine Mountain, KenesaAV Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Jonesboro, and Lovejoy Station; halting at Atlanta, September 8, thence to NeAV Orleans, Avhere the command Avas dis charged January 10, 1866. In Company B. avjis: Henry Boyle, Sep tember 29, 1864; in Company D., John AA7. Shoemaker, ktlled'at Mari etta, Ga., June 15, 1864, Frank Horn, James Hall and Robert Aliller; in Company F., Amos Hodges, Samuel P. IJankins, Cyrenus Dcavcv, Case I). Dubois, September 30, 1864; in Company K, Silas A very, Mordecai Bevier, Joseph G. FoAvler (died December 21, 1S64, wounds), Springer Galley (substitute), Thomas AV. Oziah (substitute), all enlisted in September, 1864. Forty-seventh Infantry was organized at Peoria, .August 16, 1861. It proceeded to Benton Barracks, September 23; May 0, 1862, Avas en gaged at Farinington, Miss.; was engaged May 28, iioar Corinth, and at that city, October 3 and 4, Avhere they lost their brave Colonel AV A. Thrush, Avhile leading a charge. The' regiment lost in this engage ment 30 killed and over loo wounded. Alay 14, 186:!, avjis engaged at MILITARY HISTORY. 213 Jackson, Miss.; took part in the charge on the enemy's works at Vicks- burg, May 22, losing 12 Killed and a large number wounded ; was at the battle of Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 1864 ; returned to A'icksburg May 22, Avith General Smith's command, after a campaign of nearly three months, in Avhich they suffered almost unheard-of fatigue and privations, many men dying from hardships. The Forty-seventh met and defeated General Marmaduke near Lake Chicat, in Avhich they lost 11 killed and a number Avounded. It Avas mustered out January, 1866, at Selma, Alabama. In Company A, were, Second-Lieutenant, Charles S. Blood, June 17, 1863 (promoted from sergeant). Privates, Benjamin Anient, Benjamin F. Ellis (veteranized, transferred to Company C), Forty-seventh consolidated, enlisted August 16, 1861. In Company D Avere, privates, enlisted August, 1861, Nathaniel Childs, (died in Stark county, Illinois, February 10, 1864), AVilliam Crow, Perry Kent (died at Jefferson City, Missouri,November 16,1861), John McKinnon, AVm.AV. SteAvart, Albert G. Conley, Alva AV. Sturdevant (discharged for disabil ity), Robert Davidson (promoted,) AVm. R. Kiger (discharged for disabil ity), Robert S. Martin, Allen H. Spelhnan (died at Young's Point, La., July 9, 1863), Abraham A^andusen (died at St. Louis, October 25, 1861), James Richart (deserted.) In Company H, was: Privates, James Drum mond, (enlisted September 1, 1861), and in Company K, Captains, Jacob Jamison, August, 1861 (resigned March 26, 1862), David DeAVolf, Alarch, 1862, John M. Brown, September, 1862. First-Lieutenants, David DeAVolf, August, 1861, James A. Henderson (not mustered, re signed as Second-Lieutenant, June 16, 1862), John M. Brown, June, 1862), AVilliam H. Denchfield, October, 1862. Second Lieutenants, AVm. H. Denchfield, March, 1861 (promoted), John Hawks, October, 1862 (resigned April, 1864). First -Sergeants, J. AI. Brown, September, 1861, Elisha Dixon, September, 1861. Sergeants, Philip A. Temple ton, (discharged for disability), AVilliam H. Denchfield, Charles Butler, Elisha Dixon (promoted September, 1861). Corporals, Adam Tor rance (killed at AXksburg Alay 22, 1863), Charles D. Paul (died at Rienzi, Alississippi, August, 1862), Joseph AV. Jamison (died at Toulon, Alarch 29, 1862), Henry Dixon, (Sergeant, discharged for Avounds), D. AAT. Davis, Henry Hixon (veteranized), Charles Edmunds. Wagoner, John H. AVaUer (discharged), all dating appointments to Sept., 1861. The priA'ates enlisted in September, 1862, were, James Alderman, (dis charged), Hiram Boardman, killed at Iuka, Miss., September 19, 1862 ; Allen Chaffee, Aides Colwell (promoted), Ross ColAvell, John G. AAThite (discharged for disability), Henry Allen (promoted), John Barler, Joel Dixon, AATilliam Dixon, Carson AV. Drummond (died at Jefferson City, AIo., January 6, 1862), AA'illiam Dailey, Jasper Doleson, Samuel Eby (died in Stark county, Illinois, September 11, 1863), Geo. AV. Ellis (died iit Jefferson City, AIo., November 28, 1861,), Andreiv Eutzler, Jacob Hutchinson (died at St. Louis, October 27, 1862), Daniel Howard (ser geant, died at Memphis, June 25, 1862 ; Avounds), Sylvester Sylcott (vet eranized), EcBvard Sommers (discharged for wounds), Barton Thurston, Benj. Blackburn, Thomas Cross (deserted), George A. Clifford, and Amos Cornish, discharged for disability : Oliver Crowder, AVilliam 214 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Cross (discharged as corporal, March 11,1 863, to enlist in Mississippi Marine Brigade), Robert Garner (discharged for Avounds) James AV. Jar- nagin (died at Alexandria, La., Alay 31, 1864), James Kinkade (A'eteran ized), George II. Martin, David Oziah (veteranized), Jesse AVest (died at Jefferson City, Mo., February 21, 1862), AVillson Boggs (veteranized), Charles Goodrich (veteranized), Penn. LeAvis Egbert, Theodore AV. Mc Daniel (discharged for disability), Joseph AVitter, Daniel Fast (died at St. Louis, July 12, 1862), John Hum, Daniel McCradv, Valley. James T. Marshall (died at Jefferson City, Mo., October 27, 1861), Bradford. The recruits Avere, Secratus Drummond, August, 1864, [see Co. B.,47th consolidated], John D. Eby, December 7, 1861 (discharged for Avounds), George Hachtel (see Co. B. 47 consolidated), Oscar G. Hixon, February 11, 1864 (see Co. B. 47 consolidated)' Charles S. Hitchcock, October 21, 1861 (discharged ; John HaAvks, December 7, 1861 (promoted to ser geant and 2d lieutenant), AVilliam Jamison (died at Milliken's Bend, July 19, 1863), Robert Lambert, December 7, 1861 (left in the field Avith vet erans) ; Thomas Nichols, October 21, 1S61 (clis. for dis.), Robert Pyles, December 7 (left in the field Avith veterans), George F. Pyles, Decem ber 7, 1861 (dis. for dis.), John E. Thrall, December 7, 1S61 (discharged for wounds), Robert L. AVright, December 7, 1861 (deserted). Forty-seA'enth Consolidated Infantry claimed a Stark county repre sentation in Company A as follows: Recruits — Richard Lynch, November 18, 1863, and James B. Riley, March 31, 1865, from One- hundred-and-eighth Illinois. In Company B Avere : Captain — Henry AVeiar, October 11, 1864; First-Lieutenant — AV. Boggs, October 11, 1864; Corporals — Henry AVeiar, October 22, 1864; promoted to cap tain. The privates avIio enlisted in February, 1864, were : AVilson Boggs, Charles Goodrich, George AV. AValdon, J. Bates, Secratus Drummond, Sylvester Sylcott, Jacob AVeiar, Michael AVeiar, George Hachtel, James Kinkade, David Oziah, Oscar G. Hixon and Llenry Hixon. In Company C Avere : Corporal. — Benjamin F. Ellis, Feb ruary 22, 1864, avIio Avas made prisoner. In Company E were : Ser geant — Philip C. Scott; Corporal — Bernard Hogan, appointed in February, 1865; and the priA'ates Avho enlisted in February, 1865, Avere : Charles Byrne, Thomas Bryne, John Keely, AVilliam Conklin, Charles Hall, James Farrell, Robert Keusler, all of Avhom Avere reported to have deserted. In Company II were : privates, avIio enlisted March, 1865, George . Ethvards (dishonorably discharged), John Hartley (deserted), Daniel Hogan (deserted), Charles McBride (deserted), AVill iam Welch (deserted). In Company I Avere : PriA'ates, Avho enlisted March, 1865, John Burns, A brain Loudenburgh, Theodore A'anDyke, Daniel Ballard. In Company K Avere : Sergeant. — Albert Papeneau, enlisted March 6, 1865 ; died at Demopolis, Ala., July 5, 1865 ; Cor porals — Alexander Davis, Alexander Sanies, George AV. Sailer; Wag oner — Robert Lambert; PriA'ates — David Biddleman, died at Dem opolis, Ala., June 15,1865, Thomas J. Fuller, Stephen II. Jackson, Enoch Foble, Simon Watson, Ilasleb AV. Wilson, Thomas Fryman, Samuel A. Glassford, Samuel S. Glassford (died at Selma, Alii., August 15, 1865), Robert Sanies, John AAr. Morrison, enlisted in March, 1865, MILITARY' HISTORY. 215 Avith unassigned recruits — Joseph A. O'Donnel, December 2, 1864 (rejected by Board). Forty-ninth Infantry Avas organized at Camp Butler, December 31, 1861, ordered to Cairo, 111., in February, 1862, lost, 14 killed and 37 Avounded at Donelson ; lost, 17 killed and 99 Avounded at Shiloh ; par ticipated in the siege of Corinth, joined the expedition against Little Rock, and in January, 1864, three-fourths of the command re-enlisted. In March, 1864, participated in the capture of Fort DeRussey, Ala.; ordered to Illinois for veteran furlough, June 24, Avhile the detachment of non-veterans remained, and under Captain John A. Logan, partici pated in the affair of Tupelo, July 14 and 15, 1864. Several magnifi cent movements are credited to this command. In December, 1864, the non-veterans Avere mustered out at Paducah, Ky., and the veterans September 9, 1865, at the same place. The soldiers from this county Avere : Company B, John L. Lee, Lafayette, recruited April, 1865. Company K, William C. Grant, Elmira, recruited March, 1865. Fiftieth Infantry organized at Quincy, August, 1861, held a repres entative of Pena township, in the person of John Ryan. Fifty-first Infantry Avas organized December 24, 1861 ; February 14, 1862, ordered to Cairo, 111; April 7 moved against Island No. 10 ; on the 6th pursued the enemy, compelling the surrender of Gen. Mack- all; on the 11th embarked and moA'ed doAA'n the Mississippi to Osceola, Ark., and disembarked on the 22cl ; in the battles of Farming- ton, siege of Corinth, Nashville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, KenesaAv Mountain and many others ; they Avere in the thickest of the fight, nearly one-half of the number engaged being killed or Avounded, at Chickamauga; also sustained seA'ere loss at Kene- saAV Mountain. The regiment ay as heavily engaged in the battle of of Nashville, December 1, where 150 men Avere killed, Avounded and missing. The Fifty-first Avas mustered out at Camp Irwin, Tex., Sep tember 25, 1865. In Company 11 were the privates avIio enlisted in January, 1862 : Hugh Donnelly, Elison Eli (veteranized, promoted), Erick From (A'eteranized, promoted), James Kinneman, James Kennedy, Joseph PeAV (discharged), Solomon R. Shockley, David Simmerman, Paul Ward (veteranized, prisoner of Avar), Thomas lines (veteranized), Anthony Sturm (A'eteranized, promoted), Cyrus Jacobs (A'eteranized, promoted), Charles W. NeAvton (promoted) ; and in Company K, privates : Cyrus A. Anthony, enlisted November 15, 1861, (veteran ized, promoted quartermaster sergeant, then first lieutenant of Com pany G ; next adjutant and then captain of Company B, vide family history in West Jersey tOAvnship. Fifty-third Infantry, organized at OttaAva; moved to Savannah, Tenn., in March, 1862, and present at Shiloh on April 7. On January 4, 1865, 222 men and officers of the Forty-first Avere consolidated with the Fifty-third, and served until muster-out July 22, 1865. In Com pany A Avere : Francis Bradley, December, 1864 (substitute, never joined the company). Company C, James W. Albro, October, 1864 (never joined company) James Lee, December, 1864, (never joined com pany). In Company E, William Osiah, December, 1864 (substitute.) Fifty-fifth Infantry mustered in October, 31, 1861, at Camp Doug- 216 HISTORY' OF STARK COUNTY'. lass Avith 1,287 men, moved to Kentucky in January 1862, joined the expedition against Corinth in March, lost 9 officers and 102 men killed and 161 wounded and prisoners lost also at Russell's house, entered Corinth May 30, moved to Arkansas Post that winter Avhere three men av ere Avounded in January, 1863. At A'icksburg and Jackson the regiment did excellent service, again at North Chickamauga Creek, Knoxville, KenesaAv Mountain, Avhere its losses were heavy, at Atlantic and Jonesboro it made an enviable reputation. The command partici pated in the grand review at Washington, D. C, and received honora ble discharge. In Company G. of this command Avere privates, enlisted October, 1861 — L. S. CoggsAvell, veteranized, promoted ; George W. Eckley, died at Camp Sherman, Miss., August 8, 1863 ; James A. Eck ley, Joseph C. Hiner, veteranized, promoted ; George E. Witter, vetera nized, promoted. Fifty-sixth Infantry Avas mustered in at Shawneetown, February 27, 1862, with 1,180 men. The Stark county men in the command Avere: Edward Keffer, enlisted at McLeansboro, February, 1862, and commis sioned Second lieutenent, promoted captain, October, 1862, killed by fall of a tree, December, 1863, in Ala. Osmand C. Griswold, enlisted at McLeansboro, as sergeant, November, 1861, promoted Second-lieu tenant, October, 1862, resigned, May, 1864. Fifty-seventh Infantry organized at Chicago, in December 1861, moved to Cairo in February, 1862, engaged in the siege of Fort Donelson, February, 13, 14 and 15; in the Battle of Shiloh, April 6 and 7 ; in the siege of Corinth in May, and the battle of Corinth, October 3 and 4, 1862. The regiment Avas engaged in guard and garrison duty until mustered out at Louisville, Ky., July 7, 1865. The Stark County soldiers Avho enlisted September, 1861. Thomas J. Blake, veteranized, James Kelley, veteranized ; Joseph Manning, killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862 in Company F ; Thomas C. Nichols and James Nichols, dis charged, in Company K ; and William P. Clifford, Avho deserted in June, 1862, from Company H. Fifty -eighth Infantry recruited at Chicago in February, 1862, ivent at once into service at Fort Donelson, and suffered all the trials to .which neAV troops Avere ever exposed. The Stark County soldiers Avere Company D., Rudolph Shippman, promoted, discharged for disability. Company E., Isaac Dudley, EdAvard DefReg, deserted, March, 1865. Company I., Franklin Maxcy, corporal and James C. Maxcy, March, 1865. Unassigned, John Ryan, February, 1865. Sixty-fourth Infantry, mustered in at Chicago, December 16, 1861, was assigned to Pope's army March 4, at New Madrid, and on the 12th made a night attack on the enemy, and participated in the battle of the 13th; Stephen Babb, a recruit of February, 1862, served in this command. Sixty-fifth Infantry, or the " Scotch Regiment," Avas organized at Chicago, and mustered in May 1, 1862. It Avas ordered to Virginia and brigaded Avith the OneHundred and TAventy-fifth NeAV York Infantry and Battery VI, Second Artillery. Col. Miles captured at Harper's Ferry, paroled next day, returned to Chicago, and in April, 1863, after exchange, Avas assigned to the army of Eastern Kentucky. MILITARY HISTORY. 217 In March, 1864, the command veteranized, received furlough, rejoined Gen. Sherman's army, and on June 15, engaged the enemy betAveen KenesaAV and Lost Alountain, and continued in active service until mustered out July 13, 1865. The soldiers from Stark County are as folloAvs : Company A — Enlisted March, 1862 : James K. Allen (veteranized in Company II), Joseph Bogard, Ezekiel Bogard (veteranized in Company H), Asa Greenfield, Robert II. Hitchcock (veteranized in Company H), Bethuel Greenfield (veteranized in Company II), Sylvester Greenfield (veternized in Company H). Company D — Finley McLellan (de serted), William W. Updike, Daniel P. White (veteranized in Company H). Company G — Corporal: John Richer, March, 1862, V. R. C, September 30, 1864. PriA'ates — Enlisted April, 1862: William H. Ausman (musician), James F. Ausman, Joseph Richer (veteranized in Company B, consolidated), George Maxfield (discharged for disability). Company L — First-Lieutenant: George H. Brown, June 26, 1864, (not mustered). Sergeant — George II. BroAvn, February 12, 1862, promoted to second-lieutenant. Corporal — James K. Oziah, February 12, 1862. Privates — Enlisted March, 1862: Stephen S. Burnham (deserted), Robert Hennessy (discharged for disability), Fred. K. Ket-. zenberger (discharged for disability), Isaac Bannister (V. R. O, April 1, 1865), Chauncey Gardner, Osro Huckins (veteranized), Llenry C. llall (discharged for disability), Francis M. Steves, W. AV. Weaver (died in Georgia, June 15, 1864; Avounds), Alfred Cornish (deserted), Arthur R. Olds (discharged for disability), William Shirts (discharged for disability), James Dalrymple, Freeman R. Davison (veteranized), Harmon Hocnstrasser, James C. PoAvell, Samuel C. Sharrer (discharged for disability), Robert AAr. Wood (deserted), Alexander C. Lord. Re cruits — Enlisted August, 1862 : Benjamin Blackburn (deserted), John Whitcher, George W. Pate (deserted), Harvey L. AVay (discharged). Unassigned recruit — Peter Nelson, May, 1864. In the Sixty -fifth Consolidated Infantry Avere the folio Aving named : Sergeant — DaA'id L. Jones. Corporal — Joseph AAr. Richer. Private — Enlisted March, 1865 : David Woodard, in Company B. First- Lieutenant — Elmer Sage, June 29, 1865. Corporals — Frank L. Yale, March 28, 1864; Luther Graham, November 21, 1863. The private soldiers Avere : William A. BroAvn, Martin Hickman, William J. Ham ilton, Morris C. Lampson, 1863; Jacob AV. McDaniel, 1S64; Thomas Patterson, George W. Pate. 1862; George A. Brown, 1863; Melvin Gage, 1684; Ira F. Hayden, 1863; Zach. T. BroAA-n, 1865; James L. Fox, 1865 ; Adam Rush, George Rush, James M. Tacket, Elisha E. Taylor, Anson Tanner, Stephen Talbot, AndreAv Jackson, William J. Tamper, Solomon Leighton, Isaac Luce, 1864; John Lee, 1863; Baily C. Ogden, 1861, in Company F. Privates — James K. Allen, Joseph Bogard, Robert H. Hitchcock, Bethuel Greenfield, Daniel P. White, in Company H. First-Lieutenant — George H. Brown, in Company I, and PriA'ates Freeman R. Davison, Ozro C. Huckins, in Company K. Sixty-Sixth Infantry, known as "Birge's Sharpshooters" and " Western Sharpshooters," Avas mustered in as Fourteenth Missouri In- 218 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. fantry, December 12, 1861, serA'ed in Missouri until moved to Cairo in February, 1862, participated in the affairs at Fort Henry, Fort Donel son, Shiloh, Corinth, and lesser battles, until November 20, when the command was transferred to Illinois, and received the number 66. From this time to muster out at Louisville, Ky., July 7, 1865, it was actively engaged. In this command were, of Company F, Charles Atherton, October, 1864 (transferred to invalid corps); Andrew Hamil ton, recruited February, 1864. Unassigned — Daniel Holmes, recruited February, 1864. Sixty-ninth Infantry was mustered in at Camp Douglas, June 14, 1862, Avith 912 men. In Company D of this command were the folloAving named Stark county soldiers: Corporals — Enlisted June 1862 — Jedediah Luce, George W. Smith, Matthew Rounds, James Adams; privates — Moses M. Adams, Robert Boyd, William H. David son, William Foster, Ransom D. Foster, Wilson Rounds, Lorenzo K. Wiley, EdAA'ard Brown, William Bowden, Lucius Church, Alger non Fitch, Michael Gillespie, Wm. Hamilton, Benjamin F. LeAvis, Henry B. Lewis, George W. McDaniels, Edwin B. Pomeroy, EdAvard Perry, John W. Rounds, Jasper Smith, Wm. F. Wheeler, Theron Waller, Michael Hum, David Himes, Isaac M. Witter, Frederick Russell (deserted). The recruits of 1862 were : George Pate (deserted). Seventy-second Infantry was organized at Chicago, as the First Regiment of the Chicago Board of Trade. Its first bills ivere put out for one company, calling itself the "Hancock Guards," on July 23, 1862, and one month afterward the regiment mustered into service, started for Cairo, arriving on the 24th. Their strength at that time Avas 37 officers and 930 men. The Seventy-second participated in man}' engagements during their three years' service in the field. At the bat tle of Franklin, Tenn., the Seventy-second lost 9 officers and 152 men, who were either killed or severely wounded. In Company A, Avere : Miles Avery (deserted), Jacob Galley (promoted, Avas prisoner), Scepta T. Harding (killed at Vicksburg,, May 22, 1863), James D. Heath (pro moted), Robert Holmes. Eighty-third Infantry mustered in August 21, 1862, at Monmouth, 111., contained W. H. Harris, Avho Avas discharged for disability, and George W. Dunbar, jr., of Company E. Eighty-sixth Infantry Avas organized at Peoria, and mustered in August 27, 1862, 993 strong; mo\'ed at once to Louisville, and served at Chickamauga during the three days' fight in September, pursued the rebels from Missionary Bidge to Ringgold on September 26th, served at Perryville October 8th ; engaged at Buzzard's Roost May 9, 10, 11 ; at Resaca in the two days' fight ; at Rome on May 17 ; at Dallas from May 27 to June 5 ; at KenesaAV Mountain from June 11 to 27, losing 110 killed and AA'ounded. On the banks of the Chatta- hoochie on the 18th, and at Peach Tree Creek on the 19th, and near Atlanta on 20, 21 and 22, the regiment did good service, was engaged in the siege of Atlanta until joining in the " march to the sea " Novem ber 16, arrived at Savannah December 21, and after the defeat of Johnson proceeded to Washington, D. O, where it was mustered out, June 6, 1865. The command Tost 346 men, died, killed and Avounded, MILITARY HISTORA'. 221 marched 3,500 miles, and traveled by rail 2,000 miles. In Ccmpanv E, Avere : Captain, George A.. Smith,' July 15, 1864 ; First-Lieutenant, George A. Smith, June 15, 1863 ; Second-Lieutenants, George A. Smith, June 11, 1863 ; Henry Foreman, June 12, 1865 (not mustered); Sergeants, George A. Smith, August 13, 1862. Privates, enlisted August, 1862, Wm. Cooper (died at Nashville, Tennessee, January 13, 1763), Joseph Carter, Wm. DaAvson (discharged), Harvey Foreman (promoted), Alonzo Goodale (discharged), John A. Job (promoted), AndreAV Nehlig (died of Avounds, March 20, 1865), AA'm. F. Speers (pro moted), James S. Schank (died at NasliA'ille, F'ebruary 22, 1 863), Louis WoodAvard, Eli Wilson (discharged), Benton Carrington (discharged for Avounds), Thomas Reader, James AA7. Reagan (discharged), Tighl- man S. Ragan, Jacob Schleigh. The recruits, enlisted February, 1864, James C. Hall (transferred to Company E., Thirty-fourth), John R. Waldron (transferred to Company E., Thirty-fourth), and in Company H., Musician, Cyrus A. Fox, August 7, 1862 ; PriA'ates, Alexander R. Hepperly, August 6, 1862 (promoted) ; Recruits, John Jenkeson (died of Avounds, March 20, 1865). Nineteenth Infantry, or Irish Legion, Avas organized in the summer and mustered in in October, 1862. Its prompt organization Avas mainly due to A'ery Rev. Dr. D. Dunne, and Timothy O'Meard, the first Colonel. The serA'ices of this command Avere as extensive as they Avere brilliant^ losing 300 men and returning Avith only 221 men, of Avhom 41 Avere crippled. The badge of the command was " 40 rounds of cartridge." It is said that two or more Stark county men served in this command. Ninety-third Infantry organized at Chicago in September, 1862 ; ordered to Memphis in November, served in the northern Mississippi campaign, and in March, 1 863, served in the A'azoo Pass expedition. On May 14 Avas the first engaged at Jackson, losing 3 killed and 4 Avounded. On Black River the command lost 37 men and 6 officers killed, and 107 Avounded. A'icksburg, Mission Ridge, the Alabama campaign, Resaca, Alatoona, the Carolina's campaign, and a hundred smaller affairs, tell the history of the Ninety-third. It Avas mustered out June 23, 1865, after 6,087 miles of travel and a casualty list of 478 men. The soldiers of Stark in the Ninety-third were : Colonel, Nich olas C. BusAvell, November 25, 1863 (not mustered), Lieutenant-Colonel, Nicholas C. Buswell, October 13, 1862 (promoted); Privates, enlisted in August, 1862, Thomas GoodAvin (died at Rome, Ga., October 25, 1864. Avounds), George Gardner (killed at AXksburg, Alay 22, 1863), Wil liam C. Hall (died at Memphis, January 17, 1863), Edgar Hall (died at Memphis, March 5, 1863), John Hellener (died at A'icksburg, Septem ber 9, 1863), Matthew Landon (promoted), Seth E. Stoughton, Fred Sclaghter, Nathan Thorn (promoted). Morgan L. Weaver (died at home, November 21, 1863). One-hundred-and-sixth Infantry organized at Lincoln, 111., in Au- fust, 1862, moved to Columbus, Ky, in November, thence to Jackson. enm, and served until mustered out at Pine Bluff, Ark., July 12, 1865. Serving in the One-hundred-and-sixth Avere in Company G, Benjamin Williams, commissioned captain September, 1862, died in. 222 HISTORY Ol«' STARK COUNTY. service. Company H, James W. Berry, enlisted as corporal August, 1862, promoted to First Lieutenant. One-hundred-and eighth Infantry organized at Camp Peoria, August 27, 1862, left for Kentucky October 6, and ivent into active service. In December, 1862, the command moved toward Vicksburg, meeting the enemy at ChickasaAv Bayou, for the first time, losing four men killed. In the investment of Arkansas Post, January 10, 1863, the One-hundred-and-eighth bore a brilliant part, losing thirteen men wounded. The command Avas mustered out August 5; 1865. In this regiment were in Company 0, Richard Lynch, recruited November, 1863, (see Forty-seventh Illinois.) Company D, James Riley, recruited March, 1865, (see Forty-seventh Illinois.) One-hundrecl-and-tAvelfth Infantry may be said to date its organ ization back to August 8, 1862, when the commissioned officers of the three Stark county companies and seven Henry county companies of militia met at Galva. The command Avas then knoAvn as the " Henry County Regiment," the number "One-hundred-and-twelfth" being assigned on acceptance by the State. The .regiment Avas mustered in at Peoria, September 20 and 22, 1862, 903 strong. This number Avas increased to 940 by October 8, when the command left en route to Cincinnati, Avhere John F. Meyers, of Company F, died. From this time to March 31, 1863, no less than thirty-two members Avere reported dead. On February 23, 1863, tAventy-five men under Capt. Dow, were captured by 250 men of Morgan's command, and, after being robbed, were paroled, and Avere not exchanged until September, 1863. At Winchester, Mt. Sterling, Paris and Boonsboro, in March, 1863, the command gave evidence of Avhat stuff it ivas composed. Service round Danville, Capt. Otman's escape on the Kentucky river, the mounting of the command, and a feiv minor meetings Avith rebel outposts char acterized the command in April. Monticello, Knoxville, Lemoir, and Walburg, Somerset, the organization of a musician's corps, the affair at Clinch Nut, and the destination of railroad stations mark the progress of the One-hundrecl-and-tAvelfth in Kentucky and Tennesee up to July, 1863. In July the attempt to save the Avagon train at Crab Orchard ; the capture of rebels at Harrodsburg by Capt. Otman and Milchrist's command, the fight at Richmond and pursuit formed the most notable events. The march over the Cumberland Mountains, the capture at Post Oak Springs ; the entry info Athens, and establishment of a Union newspaper there mark the campaign of the One-hundred-and-tAvelfth in August. In September the rebels surprised the town, capturing a number of Stark county men, and killing Capt. Dickenson. At Cal houn, CleA'eland and along the HiaAvassee river, the command Avas ever on duty during a part of this month ; many members haA'ing seri ous adventures and hair-breadth escapes. In the fall of 1863 the bat tles round Loudon, Lenoir and Philadelphia Avere participated in, and in November the seige of Knoxville, battle of Campbell's Station ; the affair at Ft. Saunders brought additional honors to the command. The pursuit of Longstreet, and a never ending round of skirmishing characterized the campaign of December. The affairs of Flat Creek and Kelly's Ford in January, 1864 entailed serious losses in the One- MILITARY HISTORY'. 223 hundred-and-tAvelfth. In April the regiment Avas dismounted, and took its place among the troops ordered to participate in the Georgia campaign. From May 8, 1864, this comman 1 did brilliant service under Sherman, and its history is in fact that of the most aggressive regiment under Sherman. From the day the command left Peoria in 1862, to muster out, June 20, 1865, its services to the Union Avere held as models for all other regiments. On its flag is the inscription : " Kentucky," " Monticello," " East Tennessee," " Campbell's Station," "Knoxville," ",Bean's Station," "Dandridge," "Atlanta," "Resaca," "Kenesaw," "Utoy Creek," " Nashville," "Columbia," "Franklin," "Wilmington," "Fort Anderson." In the history of this command, written by Capt. B. F. Thompson, the Avhole story of the organization and services of the One-hundred-and-tAvelfth is related. In the fol lowing roster and record, summarized from this Avork, is the minutiae of its history. Field and Staff. — General Thomas J. Henderson, enrolled August 11, 1862, and elected captain of Company F. Upon organization of the regi ment unanimously elected colonel by vote of the commissioned officers and of the enlisted men. Mustered in as colonel of the regiment September 22, 1862. — Severely wounded in the battle of Resaca, Ga., May, 14, 1864, and absent by reason of wounds until July 28, 1864. Commanded Second Brigade, Second Division, CaA'alry Corps, Army of the Ohio, from January 15 to April 8, 1864. Commanded Third Brigade, Third Division, TAventy- third Corps, Army of the Ohio, from August 12, 1864, until mustered out. Recommended for promotion to brigadier general by Major General Scho- field, commanding the Army of the Ohio, and by Major General Cox, com manding the Twenty-third Army Corps, for gallant and meritorious service in the Georgia and Tennessee campaigns, and especially at the battle of Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 1864. Appointed brigadier general, by Brevet, by President Lincoln, January 6, 1865, to rank from November 30, 1864. Residence at Princeton. Luther S. Milliken — Mustered in Sep tember 15, 1862, as first assistant surgeon, with rank of captain. Pro moted to surgeon, with rank of major, March 22, 1863. Brigade surgeon a considerable portion of the last year of the war. Resided ever since the war at Franklinton, N. C. Company B. was enrolled at Bradford, and organized August 12, 1862. The date of all enlistments not otherwise stated, and date of muster into the United States service, September 20, 1862. Of those present and mus tered out with the company, June 20, 1865, the following record is made: Captain Bradford F. Thompson, mustered in as first sergeant. Promoted to second lieutenant April 10, to rank from March 31, 1863. Promoted first lieutenant January 17, 1864, to rank from September 18, 1863. Ap pointed adjutant of the regiment March 7, 1864, to rank from November 25, 1863. Promoted to captain May 9, to rank from April 25, 1865. Slightly wounded in action at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864, and in the battle of Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 1864. First Lieutenant AVilliam H. Doyle, mustered in as sergeant. Promoted to first lieutenant, September 30, 1864, to rank from November 25, 1863. Commanded the company as sergeant and lieutenant from August 6, 1864, to May 9, 1865; noiv of Rico, Colorado. First Sergeant Charles B. Foster, mustered in as ser geant; promoted April 10, 1863; commissioned second lieutenant June 15, 1865, but not mustered. Sergeants: AA'illard B. Foster, mustered in as & 224 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY'. sergeant, regimental "Ambulance Sergeant" from June 1864, until mus-, tered out; now of Rice county, Kansas; Augustus S. Thompson, mustered in as corporal; promoted to sergeant August 31, 1864; regimental "Ord nance Sergeant " from Novembei 1864, until mustered out; George W. Reed, mustered in as corporal; promoted to sergeant August 31, 1864; cap tured at Lancaster, Ky., July 28, 1863 — made his escape the same day. John R. Jones, promoted to Sergeant October 1, 1864; slightly wounded- by splinters from " head -log " struck by solid shot, May 27, 1864, and in action at Utoy Creek, near Atlanta, Ga., August 6, 1864. Corporals: John Olenburg, promoted June 18, 1863; wounded in action at Kelly's Ford, on the French Broad River, Bast Tennesee, January 28, 1864, now of Zearing, Story county, Iowa. James A. Long, mustered in as private, promoted August 31, 1864. Levi AVhite Jones, October 7, 1862; sick when company mustered in; promoted September 15,1864; mustered out with company by order of Major General Schofield, iioav of Glasco, Cloud county, Kan. John D. Keagle, promoted October 1, 1864; accidentally shot in knee, by Company H man, at Alilledgeville, Ky., April, 1863; acci dentally Avounded at Mossy Creek, East Tennessee, January 1, 1864. P. Louis Ueinke, promoted March 15, 1865 ; Avounded in action at Cleveland, Tenn., September 18, 1863, now of Spokane Falls, AArashington territory. Charles N. Crook, promoted March 15, 1865; captured at Cleveland, Tenn., September 18, 1863; exchanged November 26, 1864. Rejoined company in the spring of 1865, now of Goodrich, Kan. Musician Henry S. Hayden Avas member of the Regimental Band from its organization until mustered out, now of Creighton, Neb. AA:agoner John McLaughlin; teamster during his whole term of service ; accidentally killed, moving a building, at Brad ford, December 29, 1871. The private troops mustered out ivere: William H. Conibear, now of Morton, 111. Thomas E. Delany, now of Zearing, Ia. AVilliam D. Free man, captured at Cleveland, Tenn., September 18, 1863; escaped from An- dersonville May 24, 1864; entered the lines of Sherman's army on the Eto wah river, Ga., June 13, 1864; received furlough, after which rejoined company; now of Eureka, Kan. Samuel B. Francis. Joseph Fleming, slightly wounded at Knoxville, Tenn., November 18, 1863, iioav of this county. James A. Goodrich, injured in head by concussion of exploding shell, at Resaca, Ga., Alay 14, 1864; resides at Goodrich, Kan. Newton J. Green, mustered in as Corporal; was captured at Cleveland, Tenn., Sep tember 18, 1863; exchanged March 21, 1864; rejoined company on Pine Mountain, Ga., June 16, 1864; resides at Linn Creek, Mo. William Han- ley, absent oh furlough; rejoined and discharged with company at Chicago, July 6, 1865; now of Scranton, Ia. Charles H. Hanley resides at Omaha, Neb. John Hall, of Bradford, 111. Nicholas Hill, mustered in as Corpo ral; reduced June 2, 1864; captured near AA'inchester, Ky., February 23, 1863; paroled next day; exchanged September 10; rejoined company at Bean's Station, E. Tenn., December 14, 1863. George Jennings resides at Cherokee, Kan. Francis J. Liggett, captured at Cleveland, Tenn., Sep tember 18, 1863; confined on Belle Isle, Va., until Alarch 10, 1864, then transferred to Andersonville; escaped from Anclersonville May 24, 1864; entered lines of Sherman's army on the EtoAvah river, Ga., June 13, 1864; received thirty days' furlough, then rejoined company. John C. Leighton, injured in head by concussion of exploding shell, at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864, now of Gilman, 111. Charles Leighton, captured at Cleveland, Tenn., September 18, 1863; exchanged March 21, and rejoined company June 16, MILITARY HISTORY. 225 1864; died near. Modena, in May, 1876. William C. Lopernan, enlisted August 21, 1862; slightly wounded in action at Flat Creek, in E. Tenn., January 26, 1864; now of Henry, 111. Orman M. Miller, captured at Cleveland, Tenn., September 18, 1863; exchanged March 21, and rejoined company June 16, 1864; now of Hoopeston, 111. Lewis Osborn, captured at Cleveland, Tenn., September 18, 1863; exchanged March 21, and re joined company June 16, 1864. Irvin Oxberger, slightly Avounded by shell at Calhoun, Tenn., September 26, 1863. Jacob II. Pirkey enlisted when only 15 years of age; under 18 when discharged; now of Elliott, 111. Ira Porter died in Stark county April 21, 1873. Ephraim N. Pardee enlisted August 21, 1862; mustered in as Corporal, detailed in LaAv's battery, and reduced to make room for another Corporal; iioav of Galva, 111. Samuel Redding, captured at Cleveland, Tenn., September 18, 1863; exchanged March 21, 1864; rejoined company on Pine Mountain, Ga., June 14, 1864; now of Goodrich, Kan. Alva AV. Sturtevant, severely Avounded by rebel sharpshooters near Atlanta, Ga., August 9, 1864, resides at Dexter, Ia. John Sturm, noAv of Oak Dale, Mo. Charles R. Thompson, slightly Avounded in action at Utoy Creek, Ga., August 6, 1864. Joseph Taylor. John Wallace, captured at Cleveland, Tenn., September 18, 1863; ex changed May 1, 1864; rejoined company June 16, 1864; slightly wounded in action at Utoy Creek, Ga., August 6, 1864; now of Coon Rapids, Ia. There Avere absent at muster-out Corporals; Edward T. Riley — captured at Cleveland, Tennessee, September 18, 1863, exchanged at AVilmington, North Carolina, Alarch 1, 1865, absent sick, discharged at Springfield, Illi nois, September 26, 1865, resides at Byron, Nebraska; Hiram P. Mallory — mustered in as private, promoted April 10, 1863, captured at Cleveland, Tennessee, September 18, 1863, exchanged at AVilmington, North Carolina, •March 1, 1865, absent sick, discharged July 1, 1865, now of Buda, Illinois. Privates; John Ii. BaklAvin — enlisted and mustered in July 9, 1863, at Camp Nelson, Kentucky, for three years, absent sick in hospital since October, 1863, on muster-out roil ; Ira F. Hayden — enlisted February 29, mustered in March 1, 1864, for three years, captured at Columbia, Ten nessee, November 30, 1864, paroled April 15, 1865, and entered Union lines at Black River, discharged at Springfield, Illinois, July 1, 1865, and rejoined company at Lasalle, Illinois, in the night of July 6, 1865, on rail- Avay train coming home : Horace Alorrison — captured at Cleveland, Ten nessee, September 18, 1863, paroled and exchanged Alarch 21, 1864, never rejoined company. The troops previously discharged Avere : Captains; James B. Doyle — enrolled August 12, and mustered in as captain September 20, 1862, resigned at Lexington, Kentucky, Alarch 31, 1863 ; John Gudgel — enrolled August 12, and mustered in as second lieutenant, September 20, 1862, promoted to first lieutenant April 10, to rank from March 31, 1863, promoted to cap tain January 17, 1864, to rank from September 18, 1863, Avounded in action at Utoy Creek, August 6, 1864, discharged by reason of Avounds Alarch 27, 1865, died at Red AA^ing, Alinnesota, July 27, 1876, widow's residence at Tiskilwa, Illinois. The priA'ates discharged before inuster-out were : George Barber — acci dentally shot off right fore-finger Avhile on guard at Lexington, Kentucky, discharged there March, 1863 ; Uriah Dunn — discharged at Camp Denni- son, Ohio, June, 1863, disability, now of Quincy, Iowa ; Isaac N. Dalrym- jjle — -wounded and' captured at Cleveland, Tennessee, September 18, 1863, exchanged March 1, 1865, discharged at Camp Chase, Alay 31, 1865, iioav 226 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. of Simpson, Kansas ; Morris Fowler — discharged at Camp Nelson, Ken tucky, October 11, 1864, disability; Enoch AV. Foster —discharged at Evans- ville, Indiana, May 1, 1865, now of Brimfield, Illinois; John P. Freeman — captured at CleA'eland, Tennessee, September 18, 1863, exchanged March 1, 1865, discharged at Springfield, Illinois, May 25, 1865, discharged at Springfield, Illinois, Alay 25, 1865; AVashington Garside — captured at Cleve land, Tennesse, September 18, 1863,- exchanged Alarch 21, 1864, rejoined company near Pine Alountain, Georgia, June 12, 1864, discharged at hos pital in Newark, NeAv Jersey, June 14, 1865, died at Bioomington, Illinois, August 16, 1866; Hiram P. Geer — discharged at Lexington, Kentucky, February 10, 1863, now of Rockwell, Iowa; Stephen Gudgel — discharged at Lexington, Kentucky, April, 1863, reported dead ; James Hare — dis charged at Lexington, Kentucky, Alarch, 1863, now of Ten Mile, Colorado; Edwin Holmes — wounded and captured at Cleveland, Tennessee, September 18, 1863, exchanged November 27, 1864, discharged at Springfield, Illinois, June 17, 1865 ; William H. Johnson — captured at Cleveland, Tennessee, September 18, 1863, exchanged at Wilmington, North Carolina, March 1, 1865, discharged at Little York, Pennsylvania, June 14, 1865, iioav of A'al- ley Brook, Kansas ; Daniel Kane — captured at Calhoun, Tennessee, Sep tember 26, 1863, paroled prisoner of Avar at Benton Barracks, St. Louis, Alissouri, reported in Adjutant General's reports discharged June 19, 1865. Henry McKibbons — discharged at Lexington, Kentucky, January, 1863, died at Denver, Colorado, February 22, 1882; James Partridge — discharged at Quincy, Illinois, July, 1864, now dead ; Henry Slump — discharged at Lexington, Kentucky, January, 1863; Clark M. Sturtevant — discharged at Alt. Sterling, Kentucky, March, 1864, now of Houghton, AArashington Ter ritory; Nathan D. Steivard — discharged at Quincy, Illinois, February 8, 1865; Dennis Spelman — captured at CleA'eland, Tennessee, September 18, 1863, exchanged March 21, 1864, discharged at general hospital, Benton Barracks, St. Louis, Alissouri, Alay 30, 1865, noAv of Henry, Illinois; Henry Stacy — captured at Cleveland, Tennessee, September 18, 1863, escaped from Andersonville, May 24, 1864, was taken sick and recaptured, again escaped and Avas recaptured and attached to a sixty-pound ball and chain until exchanged, March 1, 1865, discharged at Springfield, Illinois, May 26, 1865, now of Lucas, Iowa. The soldiers transferred to the veteran reserve corps, were : Andrew J. Brode, severely Avounded at Knoxville, Tenn., Nov. 18, 1863 ; transferred to V. R. C, Alarch 30, 1864, by reason of Avounds, and employed as muster ing clerk; discharged at Louisville, Ky., Aug. 25, 1865 ; resides at Bnda, 111. Peter Imes, cut off a toe splitting Avood, at Lexington, Ky., Nov. 18, 1862, and accidently shot himself through Avrist at same place, Jan. 1 5, 1S63, and was transferred to AT. R. C. ; died near Bradford. Eber S. Osborn, transferred in 1864; now of Montpelier, Ind. George AAr. Scott, transferred in 1S64 ; died after the war, and' Isaac Sturm, transferred in 1864. The troops who Avere killed or died in the service, were : Captain Jona than C. Dickerson ; enrolled Aug. 13, and mustered out Sept. 20, 1862, as first lieutenant ; promoted to captain April 10, to rank from March 31, 1863 ; commissioned, borne on the rolls and performed the duties of captain but Avas not mustered as such ; killed in action at Cleveland, Tenn., Sept. 18, 1863 ; buried in the Cleveland Cemetery, and a suitable monument erec- tep to his memory by his AvidoAv. See Braford Post, G. A. R. Sergeants — John IT. Bunnell, mustered in as sergeant ; wounded near Dallas, Ga., Alay 31, LS64 ; left leg amputated at Cumberland Hospital, MILITARY HISTORY. 227 Nashville, July 27, 1864; died of wounds Aug. 12, 1864; remains interred in the Snare Cemetery, March 8, 1865. Eli C. Jones, mustered in as cor poral; promoted April 10, 1863; Avas color-guard in the E. Tenn., cam paign, and color-bearer from April 6, to Alay 6, 1864 ; Avounded in action at Utoy Creek near Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 6, 1864; died of wounds at Alari- etta, Ga., Aug. 19, 1864; remains interred at KeAA'anee, in 1865. Corporals Abram Deyo, captured at Cleveland, Tenn., Sept. 18,1863. died in Andersonville Prison. Ga., July 18, 1864, grave 4172. Orlin Bevier, mustered in as private ; promoted April 10, 1863 ; captured at Cleveland, Tenn., Sept. 18, 1863 ; died in Andersonville Prison, Ga., Julv 22, 1864, graA'e 6519. Privates — Robert Alexander, Avounded at Plat Creek Gap, E. Tenn., Jan. 26, 1864; died of wounds at Knoxville, Tenn., May 16, 1864; buried at Knoxville, in grave 782. Charles H. Barber, wounded at Utoy Creek, Ga., Sept. 6, 1864; died of Avound at Marietta, Ga., Sept. 15, 1864; buried at Marietta, in grave 8113, sec. G. Spencer Elston, died of disease at Lexing ton, Ky., Dec. 9, 1862 ; buried in grave 160. George Ludlum, captured at Cleveland, Tenn., Sept. 18, 1863 ; exchanged Dec. 18, and died Dec. 26, 1864, at Annapolis, Md. Elias Miller, killed at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864. Joseph B. Phillips, mustered in Feb. 29, 1864, for three years ; died of disease at Chattanooga, Tenn., July 22, 1864 ; buried at Chattanooga, in grave 11,320, sect. E. Jeremiah Sargent, died of disease at Lexington, Ky., Jan. 17, 1863 ; buried there in grave 251. Cyrus Sturm, captured at Cleveland, Tenn., Sept. 18, 1863 : exchanged and rejoined company June 16, 1864; wounded in action at Utoy Creek, Ga. , Aug. 6, 1864; died of Avounds at Nashville, Tenn., Feb. 10, 1865. William P. AVilson, died of disease at Lexington, Ky., Dec. 9, 1862 ; buried in grave 162. Privates who deserted were: Ephraim Glidden, deserted at Lexington, Ky., January 18, 1863, and moved to Canada. George AI. Stone, detailed for service in Law's Battery, and deserted at Lexington, Ky., February, 1863. The recruits transferred to the Sixty-fifth Regiment Illinois A'olunteer Infantry (consolidated) June 20, 1865, and mustered out at Greensboro, N. C, July 13, 1865, vvere George A. Brown, enlisted July 9, mustered in in July 23, 1863, for three years; captured at Cleveland, Tenn., September 18, 1863; exchanged April 16, and rejoined company on Pine Mt., Ga., June 16, 1864; reported "absent sick " at muster-out of Sixty-fifth Illinois. ; now of North Lewisburg, O. Alichael Dardis, enlisted and mustered in January 24, 1865. Alelvin Gage, enlisted February 29, mustered in Alarch 1, 1864, for three years; slightly wounded in action at LTtoy Creek, Ga., August 6, 1864. AVilliam J. Lamper, enlisted Alarch 28, mustered in Alay 24, 1864; resides at Laramie City, AAry. T. John Lee, enlisted Alarch 11, mustered in March 13, 1865, for one year; reported -'absent sick" at muster-out of Sixty-fifth Illinois. Solomon Leighton, enlisted and mustered in Alarch 13, 1865, for one year; now of Carbon. IoAva. Isaac- Luce, enlisted and mustered in Alarch 13, 1865, for one year. Company D. — Sergt. Sanford L. Ives, enlisted July 2, 1862, accidentally Avounded in June, 1863; transferred to A'. R. C. January 1, 1864; dis charged for disability at Rock Island, November 1, 1864. AVhitfield D. Matthews, served from August 11, 1862; Avas discharged at York, Pa., July 11, 1865; is noAv a resident of Elmwood. Privates: Lemuel F. AJathews, enlisted August 12, 1862, was wounded at Resaca in May, 1864, discharged for wounds August 26, 1864. Hiram Newton, of Goshen, enlisted in 1862; 228 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. wounded in Georgia, June 2, 1864. Stephen Talbott, enlisted in April, 1864; transferred to Sixty-fifth Regiment; sick at muster-out; now resides at Cambridge, 111. Company E was enrolled at AVyoming and organized August 12, 1862. The date of all enlistments, not otherwise stated, and date of muster into the United States service was September 20, 1862. There were mustered out with the company, June 20, 1865, the following-named officers and men: Captain Sylvester F. Otman, enrolled August 11, and mustered in September 20, 1862, as captain; commanded the regiment on the march from Knoxville, Tenn., to Mt. Sterling, Ky., in February, 1864, and also commanded after Lieut. Colonel Bond was Avounded in the battle of Frank lin, Tenn., and in the two days' battle of Nashville, and until January 14, 1865; was Acting Assistant Inspector General of 3d Brigade, 3d Division, 23d Corps, Arniy of the Ohio, on Gen. Henderson's staff, from January 30, 1865, until mustered out. Eirst Lieut. Cranmer W. BroAvn, mustered in September 20, 1862, as First Lieutenant, Acting Adjutant of the regiment from Nov. 24, 1863, to March 7, 1864; was offered the adjutancy perma- n entry, but declined it; commanded the company from November 30, 1864, until mustered out. First Sergeant Henry Graves, mustered in as sergeant, promoted April 1, 1863, commissioned second lieutenant June 15, 1865, but not mustered; was wounded near Philadelphia, E. Tenn., October 26, 1863, and again at Utoy creek, August 6, 1864; now of Oakland, Ia. Sergeants: Peter M. Swords, mustered in as corporal, promoted April 1, 1863; died in April, 1867. James D. Bloomer, mustered in as private; pro moted to corporal November 10, 1863; to sergeant April 1, 1864; iioav of Hebron, Neb. Alichael Hire, promoted to corporal October 31, 1862; to sergeant November 19, 1864; now of Baraboo, Wis. Corporals — Douglas M. Crone, promoted April 1, 1863; noAv of AA'yoming. Cyrus C. Snare, enlisted August 14, 1862; promoted April 1, 1864; wounded in action sit Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864; now of Delavan, Minn. Sidney D. Butler, promoted November 19, 1864; wounded at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864, and again at Utoy Creek, August 6, 1864; now of Essex, la. John Oldaker, promoted December 25, 1864; wounded at Knoxville, Tenn., November 17, 1863; was seven months in hospital; re sides in Cherokee Co., Ia. Andrew J. Fautz, promoted; captured at Park's Ferry, on the Holston River, East Tennessee, November 16, 1863; exchanged and rejoined company in the summer of 1864. Ananias Timmons, pro moted. David S. Aliller, promoted; is reported deceased. Charles H. Hall, enlisted August 14, 1862; promoted corporal. The private troops mustered out Avere: Timothy Bailey, mustered in as corporal; reduced October 31, 1862, at his own request; now of Bay Center, AV. Ter. Gershom A. Bunnell, now of Osceola, ta. James E. Bush, re sides at Beatrice, Neb. Elijah Cox, enlisted August 20, 1862; now of Odell, Neb. Absalom J. Cooper, enlisted August 13, 1862, now of Maroa. 111. John Dawson, now of Stark Station. Newton Dolison, now of Milo, Ia. AVallace AV. Emanuel, enlisted August 21, 1862, now of Crawfords- ville, Ind. Eugene Hunt, now of Kewanee. AVilliam Holgate, enlisted August 13, 1862; captured at Park's Ferry, on the Holston River, East Tennessee, November 16, 1862; exchanged at City Point, Ara., April 15, 1864 ; rejoined the company near Atlanta, Ga., July 28, 1864 ; was Avounded in action at Utoy Creek, Ga., August 6, 1864; absent by reason of wounds until December 1, 1864, when rejoined company at Nashville, Tenn. Cui'Avin A. McCoy. • Jonas Stronburg, enlisted August MILITARY HISTORY. 229 13, 1862; wounded at Utoy Creek, Ga., August 6, 1864. Henry Soper, enlisted August 13, 1862; died September 9, 1878. Philip M. Trapp, en listed August 14, 1862; now of Palmyra, Neb. Josiah F. Umbaugh, of Ottumwa, la., and Ancil H. Woodcock, of Wyoming. The following were absent at muster out: Jonathan Graves, captured at Park's Ferry, East Tennesse, November 16, 1863, escaped from rebel prison at Florence, S. 0., in February, 1865, and entered the Union lines at Newbern, N. C; discharged at Chicago, 111,, July 10, 1865; resides at Quitman, AIo. Stephen W. Green, captured at Park's Ferry, East Tennessee, November 16, 1863; exchanged in February, 1865; discharged at, Springfield, 111., July 7, 1865; now of Panora, Ia. David Kerns, cap tured at Park's Ferry, East Tennessee, November 16, 1863; exchanged at Aiken's Landing, Va., in February 1865; discharged at Springfield, 111., July 7. 1865; now of Plainville, Kan. Calvin B. Lashells, enlisted August 22, 1862; on detached service in General Hospital at Lexington, Ky. ; now of Biggs, California. William J. Morgan, enlisted August 13, 1862; re ported "absent sick." William H. Morgan, enlisted August 13, 1862; captured at Park's Ferry, East Tennessee, November 16, 1863; exchanged March 1, 1865; discharged at Springfield, 111., July 1, 1885. George AV. Nicholas, captured at Park's Ferry, East Tennessee, November 16, 1863; escaped near Wilmington, N. C, February 22, 1865; discharged at Spring field 111., July 1, 1865; now of Quitman, Mo. Joseph Sparks, enlisted August 13, 1862; wounded in action at Kelly's Ford, on the French Broad River, East Tennessee, January 28, 1864, and again at Utoy Creek, Ga., August 6, 1864; discharged at Quincy, 111., June 22, 1865; died in Har rison county, Mo. The troops previously discharged were : First Sergeant Henry J. Ot man; discharged at Lexington, Ky, April 1, 1863, by reason of disability; killed by his team running away at Toulon, in January, 1867. Sergeants — John E. Gharrett, enlisted August 13, 1862, wounded at Knoxville, Tenn., November 18, 1863; discharged in March 1864, to accept commission as Captain in First Regt. U. S. Heavy Artillery, now of Missoula, Mon. Ter. : John B. Pettit, mustered in as corporal; promoted April 1, 1863; dis charged at Springfield, 111., February 17, 1865; now of Blair, Neb.; Carey G. Colburn, mustered in as corporal, promoted August, 1863; captured at Athens, Tenn., September 27/1863; exchanged March 1, 1865; discharged at Springfield, 111., May 21, 1865. Corporals — James B. Blackmore; discharged at Knoxville, Tenn., May 17, 1865; now of Spring Hill, Kan. David Fast, discharged at Spring field, 111., October 29, 1864; now of Irwin, Mo., and Wagoner John D. Martin, discharged at Springfield, 111., May 29, 1865; now of Page Center, Iowa. The private troops absent at muster out were : Alichael Alderman, dis charged at Lexington, Ky., January 15, 1863; now of Duncan. Alfred B. Armstrong, enlisted August 22, 1862; discharged at Lexington, Ky., January 21, 1863. Jerry H. Bailey, captured at Danville, Ky., while sick in hospital, March 23, 1863; paroled, and afterward exchanged; wounded at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864; discharged at St. Louis, Mo., January 4, 1865. William T. Carter, discharged at David's Island, N. Y., May 31, 1865; now of Rome, 111. William Colwell, discharged at Lexington, Ky., April 18, 1863; died one week after his return home. William A. Ellis, discharged at Lexington, Ky., January 23, 1863; now of Odell, Neb. Shepard Green, discharged at Camp Butler, 111., Alay 12, 1865; now of 14 230 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY'. Orient, Iowa. John Harvey, discharged at Camp Nelson, Ky.. September 19, 1864. Charles W. Hart, enlisted August 15, 1862; captured at Park's Ferry, East Tenn., November 16, 1863; exchanged Alarch 1, 1865; dis charged at Springfield, 111., June 5, 1865. Riley ALiranville, wounded at Alud Creek, Ga., June 17, 1864; discharged Alay 30, 1865. John AlcCoy, discharged at Camp Nelson. Ky., April 22, 1864. Sylvester H. Stofer, wounded at Harrodsburg, Ky., July 20, 1863; discharged at Camp Nelson, Ky., November, 1863. Thaddeus S. Thurston, wounded at Resaca, Ga., Alay 14, 1864; discharged at Quincy. 111., December 16, 1864; died in Harrison county, AIo. The troops transferred from this company ivere: Second-Lieutenant Elmer A. Sage, enrolled August 12, 1862. and mustered in as second-lieu tenant; absent from regiment from June, 1864 to May, 1865; transferred to Company F, Sixty-fifth Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry (con solidated), June 20, 1865, and promoted first-lieutenant; mustered out at Greensboro, N. C, July 13, 1865. Joel Cox, transferred to V. R. C. ; died in Cass county, Neb., since the Avar. David DaAvson, transferred to A'. R. C, September 11, 1863; discharged in June, 1865; died at Dayton, IoAva, October 9, 1884. The troops Avho Avere killed or died in the service are named as follows: Sergeants — Solomon Dixon, captured at Park's Ferry, E. Tenn., Novem ber 16, 1863; died in rebel prison at Richmond, Ara., March 1, 1864. Charles B. Hitchcock, killed in action at Utoy Creek, Ga. ; August 6, 1864; remains removed to Marietta, Ga. ; grave 5,307, in section F. Corporals — William G. Wilkinson, died at Lexington, Ky., November 8, 1862; remains sent home for burial by the company. William AA'. McMillen, captured at Athens, Tenn., September 27, 1863; died in rebel prison at Andersonville, Ga., May 24, 1864. No. of grave 1,337. The privates were: David Barrett, died at Lexington, Ky., February 7, 1863; buried in Lexington cemetery; grave 239. William B. Barr, cap tured at Park's Ferry, E. Tenn., November 16, 1863; died in rebel prison at Andersonville, April 13, 1864; grave 526. John Cole, captured at Park's Ferry, E. Tenn., November 16, 1863; died in rebel prison at Andersonville. April 2, 1864; grave 300. Thomas Colwell, died at Lexington, Ky., of typhoid pneumonia, January 9, 1863; buried in Lexington cemetery; grave 204. Charles B. Davis, captured at Park's Ferry. E. Tenn., November 16, 1863; died in rebel prison at- Andersonville, September 12. 1864; grave 8,553. James Elston, enlisted August 13, 1862; captured at Park's Ferry, E. Tenn., November 16, 1863; died in Andersonville prison, June 21, 1864; grave 2,249. AArhitfield Evans, captured in Kentucky in the sum mer of 1863, and paroled ; parole not recognized, and returned to his company for duty, recaptured at Athens, Tenn., September 27, 1S63, and fearing he might be accused of having violated his former parole, gave the name of "John Robinson," and Avas knoAvn by the rebels by that name, died in rebel prison at Danville, A' a., March 21, 1864, and his death re corded as that of John Robinson, buried at Danville, grave 646. Noah Fautz, captured at Park's Ferry, E. Tenn. , November 16, 1863; Adjutant General re ports him as having died in rebel prison at Andersonville, April 18. 1864; the Superintendent of National Cemetery at Andersonville reports that he cannot find this name on prison records; he reports •' Thomas Jones of Company E. one-hnndred-and-tAvelfth Illinois — died April 20, 1864, No. of grave 644:" as there was no " Thomas Jones " in the regiment it ma-A be that Fautz assumed the name of Jones Avhen captured, and that No. 644 MILITARY HISTORY. • 231 is -his grave. Madiras Hoover, died at Lexington. Ky., April, 1863; buried in Lexington cemetery, grave 382. William Herridge, enlisted August 19, 1862; mortally Avounded by explosion of gunpowder at Lebanon, Ky., July 9, 1863; died July 15, 1863, and buried at Lebanon; grave 175. George 0. Marlatt, enlisted August 14, 1862; captured at Park's Ferry, E. Tenn., November 16, 1863; reported as having died in rebel prison at Richmond, February 18, 1864; but the superintendent of the national cemetery at Richmond reports that he can not find this name on the prison records. Simon Ray, enlisted August 20, 1862, captured at Park's Ferry, E. Ten nessee. November 16, 1863; died in rebel prison at Richmond, Va., April 12, 1864. James Ray, captured at Park's Ferry, E. Tennessee, November 16, 1363; died in rebel prison at Richmond, Va., March 11, 1864. AA'illiam Ray, captured at Park's Ferry, E. Tenn., Nov. 16, 1863; exchanged and died a few days after in hospital at Baltimore, Md., June 30, 1864. John W. Ratcliffe, died of typhoid fever at Lexing ton, Ky., January 7, 1863; buried in Lexington cemetery; grave 203. AVilliam E. L. Smith, died at Lexington, Ky., November 22, 1862; buried in Lexington cemetery; grave 114; Michael Springer, captured at Park's Ferry, E. Tenn., November 16, 1863; died in Andersonville prison, June 6, 1864; grave 1,667. John D. Swaim, enlisted August 14, 1862; cap tured at Park's Ferry, E. Tenn., November 16, 1863; died in prison at Richmond, Va., March 7, 1864. Francis M. Sollars, mustered in Alarch 31, 1864, for three years; died at Springfield, 111., June, 18, 1864. David P. Wandling, shot through hips at Knoxville, Tenn., November 17, 1863, died next day; remains removed to Knoxville, February 1, 1864; grave 451. Russell White, died at Lexington, Ky., December 7, 1862; buried in Lexington cemetery; grave 166. The deserters were Musician William Cassett, enlisted August 15, 1862; deserted at Danville, Ky., July 15, 1863. Private Henry Greenewald; de serted while on detached duty in government blacksmith shop at Lex ington, Ky., in Alay 1863. Frank Pross and Lewis Hiback, deserted at Danville, Ky., duly 15, 1863. The recruits transferred to Comany F, Sixty-fifth Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry (consolidated), June 20, 1865, and mustered out at Greensboro, N. 0., July 13, 1865, were William AAr. Copley, mustered in January 24, 1865; reported " absent sick " at muster-out of Sixty-fifth, noAv of Walnut, Iowa. Daniel Colbran, mustered in January 24, 1865, now of Aledo, 111. Gordon H. Edgerton, mustered in January 24, 1865; reported " absent sick "at muster-out of Sixty-fifth, now of Ayr, Neb. James L. Fox, mustered in March 21, 1864. Morris C. Lampson, mustered in December 24, 1863; wounded at Flat Creek, in E. Tenn., January 26, 1864; reported "absent " at muster-out of Sixty-fifth, disappeared from his home at Wyom ing, 111., several years ago, and not since heard from. Adam Rush, George Rush, and Jacob Stoves, mustered in March 21, 1864. James M. Taskett, mustered in April 28, 1864, noAvof Pulaska, Ia. Anson Tanner, mustered in April, 25, 1864; was frozen to death in 1871. Company F was enrolled at Toulon in August, 1862, and organized August 15, 1862. The date of all enlistments not otherwise stated is August, 15, 1862, and date of muster into the United States service, Sep tember 20, 1862. Of those present and mustered out with the company, June 20, 1865, the following is the record: Captain James G. Armstrong, enlisted August 22, and mustered in September 20. 1862, as first sergeant; promoted to second-lieutenant Alarch 10, to rank from March 5, 1863; to 232- HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. first-lieutenant August 5, to rank from June 16, 1863, and to captain Sep tember 14, to rank from June 24, 1864; A. A. Q. M. of Second Brigade First Division Cavalry Corps, Army of Ohio, from March 5 to April 8, 1864. He and two of his sons were killed by lightning in Greene county, Iowa, August 31, 1881. First-Lieutenant' Bnshrod Tapp, enlisted August 11, 1862, and mustered in as sergeant; promoted to first-sergeant April 1, 1864, and to first-lieutenant December 10, to rank from June 24, 1864; wounded at Bean's Station, E. Tenn., December 16, 1863, and at Kelly's Ford, on the French Broad river, E. Tenn., January 28, 1864. First- Sergeant Henry B. Perry, enlisted August 22, 1862, and Avas mustered in as corpo ral; promoted to sergeant Alarch 10, 1863, and to first-sergeant January 1, 1865; commissioned second-lieutenant June 15, 1865, but not mustered. Sergeant Andrew Harty. mustered in as private, promoted to corporal August 5, 1863, and to sergeant September 1, 1864; Avounded near Phila delphia, Tenn., October 26, 1863. James R. Gelvin, enlisted August 14, 1862, and mustered in as private; promoted to corporal February 26, 1864, and to sergeant September 1, 1864; wounded at Knoxville, Tenn., Novem ber 18, 1863. William P. Ballentine, enlisted August 14, 1862, promoted corporal April 1, 1864, and sergeant January 1, 1865; was injured on the road home after muster-out — standing on a car as the train passed under a low bridge, his head struck the bridge — near York, Penn.; was left in hospital at Harrisburg, but recovered and returned home, now of Kansas. AVilliam H. Ely, promoted to sergeant September 1, 1864; now of Webster City, Ia. Corporals — Levi Silliman, enlisted August 13, 1862; wounded at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. Milton Trickle, enlisted August 14, 1862; now of Atkinson, 111. James E. Finley, promoted February 26, 18 64; Avounded near Atlanta, Ga., July 21, 1864; now of Perry, Ia. George G. Stone, promoted September 1, 1864; wounded at Knoxville, Tenn., No vember 18, 1863, and again at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864; now of Plain- view, Neb. James Hughes, promoted September 1, 1864; iioav of Spear- ville, Kan. Andrew Kamerer, promoted September 1, 1864; captured, on the Saunders raid at Knoxville, Tenn., June 20, 1863; paroled at Rich mond, Va., July 11; exchanged September 10, and rejoined the company at Bean's Station, E. Tenn., December 14, 1863.. Samuel Al. Adams, en listed August 14, 1862; promoted_ January 1, 1865. Jacob Vulgamott, en listed August 19, 1862; promoted June 1, 1865; now of Denver, Col. The private troops mustered out Avere : Henry C. Ackley, captured near AA'inchester, Ky. , February 23, 1863; paroled February 24; exchanged September 10, and rejoined the company at Bean's Station, E. Tenn., De cember 14, 1863; now of Oilman, la. Alfred C. Ballentine, enlisted August 22, 1862; wounded at Knoxville, Tenn., November 18, 1863; now of Eugene, Ta. George Boyd, enlisted August 13, 1862; resides at Grafton, Neb. Edwin Butler, enlisted August 11, 1862; mustered in as sergeant; prompted to first- sergeant August 5, 1863 ; detailed to Avork on the "Athens Union Post," Tenn., and when the Union troops retreated ivas captured, on the night of September 26, 1863 ; reduced to the ranks April 1, 1864, while a prisoner of Avar, without cause or excuse, ex cept to create a vacancy for the appointment of another first sergeant. Samuel M. Eldridge, enlisted August 11, 1862; detailed as postmaster Oc tober 3, 1862, and served as postmaster of the regiment or brigade until mnstered out; resides at Gidva, la. John D. Essex, noAv of Valparaiso, Neb. Milton Heaclley, enlisted August 13, 1862, James P. Headley, en- MILITARY HISTORY. 233 listed August 14, 1862; detailed as musician, and was a member of the regimental band from its organization until nmstered out. AA'illiam Himes, enlisted August 14, 1862; Avounded at Utoy creek, Ga., August 6, 1864; resides at Lewis, la. Austin C. Himes, enlisted August 14, 1862. Peter C. Johnson, enlisted in Company F, but mustered in as of Company H; transferred back to Company F, November 1, 1862; now of Hinsdale, 111. George AV. Johnson, wounded at Utoy creek, Ga., August 6, 1864. Timothy Kenely, enlisted August 12, 1862; reported dead. Royal Laff erty, now of Emporia, Kan. Job C. Mahaffey, enlisted August 14, 1862; wounded at Kelly's Ford, E. Tenn., January 28, 1864; now of Henderson, 111. Robert Makings, enlisted August 21, 1862; died at West Jersey, De cember 15, 1873. Theodore McDaniel, enlisted August 22, 1862. Charles McComsey, enlisted August 11, 1862, in Company F, but mustered in as of Company H; transferred back to Company F, November 1, 1862. Hiram G. Parrish, enlisted August 22, 1862; on detached duty as teamster in Twenty-third Corps train from February 1, 1864, until mustered out; now of Afton, Ia. Jacob Stauffer, enlisted August 14, 1862; now of East Lynne, Mo. Frank A. Stone, enlisted August 11, 1862, in Company F, but mustered in as of Company H; transferred to Company F, November 1, 1862; resides at AVestboro, Mass. Ephraim W. Smith, on detached ser vice in division commissary department; enemy attacked herd of cattle in his charge, at Thompson's Station, Tenn., November 30, 1864, killed his horse, and captured fifty head of cattle. Ira Scranton, on detached service, as teamster in Twenty-third Corps train, from September 19, 1864, until mustered out. Presley Tyrrell, enlisted August 22, 1862. Benjamin W. Todd, enlisted August 22, 1862; now of Ida Grove, Ia. William Vulga- niott, now of Burlington Junction, Mo. David AVebster, enlisted August 14, 1862. The members absent at muster out were James McSherry, enlisted August 19, 1862; captured at Columbia, Tenn., November 30, 1864; pa roled April 15, 1865; discharged at St. Louis, Mo., June 20, 1865. Zarah H. Newton, captured, Avhile driving ambulance, near Pine Mountain, Ga., June 6, 1864; paroled prisoner of war at St. Louis, Mo.; not exchanged; discharged at St. Louis, July 15, 1865; now of Yolo, Gal. Jesse B. Taylor, enlisted August 22, 1862, in Company F, but mustered in as of Company H; transferred to Company F, November 1, 1862; captured at Columbia, Tenn., November 30, 1864; paroled April 15, 1865; not exchanged; dis charged at St. Louis, Mo., June 20, 1865. The troops previously discharged were First-lieutenant Jackson Lor- ance, enrolled August 11, and mustered in September 20, 1862, as first- lieutenant; resigned at Lexington, Ky., Alarch 5, 1863; resides at Burling ton Junction, Mo. Second-lieutenant George C. Maxfield, mustered in as sergeant; promoted first-sergeant March 10, 1863, and to second-lieutenant August 5th, to rank from June 16, 1863; wounded at Knoxville, Tenn., November 18, 1863; resigned at Decatur, Ga., September 11, 1864; resides at Fairmont, Neb. Sergeant John F. Rhodes, enlisted August 13, 1862, and mustered in as corporal; promoted February 26, 1864; wounded in action at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864; discharged at Chicago, 111., July 28, 1864. Corporals William Rounds, enlisted August 14, 1862; discharged at Camp Nelson, Ky., May 18, 1864; died here in 1873. David Tinlin, en listed August 22, 1862; promoted March 10, 1863; discharged at Lexington, Ky., May 24, 1865. 234 ItlsToUV Oh' STA UK COUNTS'. Privates — William II. Barton, enlisted Augusl, 14, 1862; wounded at b'esaca, (ia., May 14, 1864; discharged at Quiiicy, HI., February 24, 1865; now of Walkorvillo, la. William lioyd, enlisted August 14, 1862; discharged sit beau fort, N.G; May 21), 1865; died at Toulon, May 7, 1875. Nathaniel Crabfrce, wounded at, Knoxville, Tenn., November 18, 1863; left leg ampu tated; discharged at Chicago, July 23, 1864. James N. Davison, discharged 3: mortally Avounded and left on the field at Franklin, Tenn., November 30. 1864: died of Avounds in rebel hospital at Franklin December to, 1864. James Essex, Avounded at Knoxville. Tenn.. November 18, 1863; mortally Avounded at Utoy creek, Ga.. August, 6, 1864; died in field hospital August 7, 1864; remains interred at Alarietta, Ga., grave 5,306. section F. AA'illiam T. Essex enlisted August 14, 1862: Avounded at Resaca, Ga. . Alay 14, 1864; died of wounds at Springfield, 111., September 18. 1864; buried at Camp Butler, grave 534. Olaus Forss en listed August 11, 1862; mortally Avounded at Knoxville. Tenn., November 18, 1863, and left on the field; died in the hands of the enemy November lit, 1863. Henry O. Hall enlisted and mustered in February 1, 1864, for three years; Avounded at Resaca. Ga. . Alay 14, 1864; died of Avounds in hos pital at Chattanooga, Tenn., Alay 24, lb(>4; buried at Chattanooga, grave 1.2,294, in section D. Joseph Hoppock enlisted August 22, 1862; captured at Bean's Station, E. Tenn.. December 14, 1863; died at, Andersonyille. Ga., Julv 15. 1864, grave 3.255. John Kendall enlisted Aug. 13. 1862: killed at Knoxville. Tenn., November 18. 1863. buried by the enemy, remains re covered and interred in the National Cemetery at Knoxville. as "John Kimball '" of Company E, One Hundred and TAvelfth Illinois. Number of iirave 442. Omer Leek, enlisted February 14, 1863, was ordered ou duty at, Lexington, by provost marshal, and died there of measles. April 2, 1863. buried in Lexington Cemetery, grave 341. George Aliller. enlisted August 13, 1862, died of typhoid fever at Lexington, Ky., November 26, 186.2, buried in Lexington Cemetery ; grave 120. Jeremiah D. ALulden, en listed August, 23. 1862, died at Knoxville, Tenn., Alarch 4,1864, buried at 236 HISTORY of stark county. Knoxville ; grave 491. Isaac Messenger, enlisted August 11, 1862, wounded at Utoy Creek, Ga., August 6, 1864, died of wounds at Marietta, Ga. ; September 2, 1864, buried there; grave 1,016 Sect.G. John F. Negus, died in hospital at Cincinnati, Ohio, October 17, 1862 — the first death in the regiment. George W. Oziah — died in Lexington, Ky., March 14, 1863, buried in Lexington Cemetery; grave 231. George W. Rhodes, enlisted August 13, 186.2, captured near Winchester, Ky., February 23, 1863, pa roled February 24, and sent to Parole Camp at St. Louis, Mo., exchanged September 10, and rejoined company at Bean's Station, E. Tenn., Decem ber 14, 1863, killed at Utoy Creek, August 6, 1864, remains interred at Marietta, Ga. ; grave 5,305, in Section F. Aaron Ridle, enlisted in Com pany F, mustered in as of Company H, transferred to Company F, No vember 1, 1862, wounded and missing in action at Knoxville, Tenn., No vember 18, 1863, died in the hands of the enemy. Thomas T. White, en listed August 14, 1862, drowned crossing Clinch river, on the Saunders Raid in East Tennessee, June 18, 1863. John W. Whitten, enlisted August 22, 1862, mortally wounded near Atlanta, Ga., August 7, and died in Field Hospital, August 9, 1864, remains interred at Marietta, Ga. ; grave "9,852, Section J. The deserters were: Daniel Haselton, enlisted August 21, 1862, went to New Jersey — his native State — from Milledgeville, Ky., April 19, 1863, on a thirty days' furlough, and never returned. Milton Stephens, deserted in the face of the enemy, with his arms and accoutrements, at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. Other records of private troops are thus given. — Recruits, transferred to Company F, Sixty-fifth Illinois Volunteers (consolidated), June 20, 1865, and mustered out at Greensboro, N. C, July 13, 1865 : Joseph H. Burwick, enlisted November 17, mustered in November 27, 1863. Zach- ariah T. Brown, enlisted and, mustered in January 17, 1865, for one year, now of Peoria, 111. Luther Graham, enlisted November 21, mustered in No vember 27, 1863. William J. Hamilton, enlisted February 10, mustered in June 6, 1863, absent, sick at Washington, D. C, discharged at Mower U. S. Hospital July 1, 1865. Martin Hickman, enlisted April 1, mustered in June 6, 1863. Jacob W. McDaniel, enlisted March 28, mustered in April 28, 1864. Thomas Patterson, enlisted and mustered in December 2, 1863. George W. Pate, enlisted and mustered in December 4, 1863, Mc- Cook, Red Willow County, Neb. Elisha E. Taylor, enlisted and mustered in March 23, 1864, injured in side unloading rations from railroad car at Greensboro, N. C, June 18, 1864, of Camden, Minn. The recapitulation of roster and record of this company presents the following figures : Mustered out with the company, 42; absent, 3; previously discharged, 22; transferred to the Veteran Reserve Corps, 5; killed and died in the service, 27; deserted, 2; recruits transferred to the Sixty-fifth Illi nois, 9; or a total of 110. In Company G of the One Hundred and Twelfth were : Sergeant EdAvard P. Wright, enlisted August 12, 1862; Avounded at Nashville, Tenn., in December, 1864; now a resident of Binggold county, Iowa. Sergeant Ira G. Foster served from August 14, 1862, to muster-out, dating his promotion from February, 1863. Joseph Berry, absent sick at muster-out, was detailed as bugler at Camp Nelson in 1863. Charles Keyser served from August, 1862; transferred October 15, 1863 ; now of Webster county, Iowa. George Milbourn and Myron o MILITARY JU.sToKY*. 239 "Waters were members of this command. Louis E. Morton, of Galva. was discharged at Lexington in April, 1S65. John A. Tarble served a full term ; now resides in Polk county, Neb. AA'illiam A. Brown enlisted in 1863, and served to the close of the war. AndreAv Jackson, of Lafayette, enlisted in 1S64, served to the close of the war. Frank A. Yale, enlisted in 1864; transferred to Sixty-fifth Regiment ; iioav of Barton county, Mo. In Company H : John Bevier. who died at Camp Butler in Novem ber, 1864; was a recruit of 1864; Cilia A. Dunlap, of Bradford, Noah Hiddlebaugh and John C. Gingrich, of Essex, Avere drafted in 1864. Jonas Johnson, a recruit, Avas not accepted, and A'olney Arnold was unassigned. A feAv members of Company F belonged originally to Company H. The One-hundred-and-twelfth Regiment Association dates its or ganization back to 1866. The reunions of the One-hundred-and-tAvelfth have been as follows: Banquet. Galva, November 17, 1805 ; 1866, Geneseo, September 20; 1867, Galva. September 20; 1S6 8, Cambridge, September 22 ; 1869, Geneseo, September 2l ; 1S70. Galva, September 20; 1871, Cambridge, September 20 ; 1872, Geneseo, September 20 ; 1873, Galva, September 20; 1S74. AVyoming, November 18; 1875, Cambridge, September 22 ; 1S76. Geneseo, September 22 ; 1877, Toulon, September 20 ; 1S78, Annawan, September 20 ; 1S79, Galva, Septem ber 22; 188o. Bradford, September 22; 1081. Cambridge, August 18; 1882, Geneseo, August 18; 1883, Toulon. August 16-17; 1S84, Galva, August 2S; 18S5, Orion, August 27; 1886, Wyoming, August 24. The officers of 1S85 were Gen. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton, III., presi dent; Sergt. John L. Jennings. Cambridge, 111., vice-president ; B. F. Thompson, secretary ; Capt. S. F. Otman, "William Holgate and Lieut. Bushrod Tapp. executive committee. The president, vice-president and secretary were reelected in 1886, and also the folloAAring executive committee: J. E. Avers, Thomas F. Davenport, and AA'illiain K. "Wight, of Cambridge. The following roll of deceased comrades for the past year was read: Joseph C.Johnson, hospital steAvaicl. at Mason City, 111 . September 26. 1885. Lewis W. Smith, Company A. at De Soto. Dallas countA', Iowa, October 6. 1SS5. James B. Brown, Company D, at Burns, Henry county, 111., October 28, 1885. AA'illiam J. Lamper, Company B, at Laramie City, Wyoming Ter., in 18S5. Capt. George AA". Sroufe, Company/ H, at Lamed, PaAvnee county, Kan., March 2<>. 1SS0. Ax. allace W. Emanuel. Company E, at Lafayette. Inch, July 29, 1886.. Henry Slick, Company A. in Pennsylvania, May 17, 1886. AA'ilber F. Broughton, Company I, at Geneseo, July 13, 1886. One-hundred-and-thirteenth Infantry, organized near Camp Doug lass in 1862; moA'ed to Memphis, Tenn., in November, and joined in the Tallahatchie expedition, Vieksburg. Arkansas Post, Black's Bayou, Corinth, Memphis, are all inscribed on the banner of the One-hundred- and-thirteenth. It was mustered out June 20, 1865. In Company K Milton A. Coffinberry, of Bradford (recruited in November, 1863), served. One hundred-and-fourteenth Infantry Avas organized in July and August, 1S62. and in NoA'ember moved to Tennessee. On the 26th it Missing Page Missing Page 240 HISTORY OF STARK rot/NTY. entered on the Tallahatchie campaign ; was variously engaged until May, 1863, Avhen it was present at Vicksburg, Jackson, and Brandon, Miss. Up to the day of its muster out, August 3, 1865, the command rendered excellent service. In October, 1864, John C. Copestake was commissioned first assistant surgeon. One-hundred-and-twenty-fourth Infantry, organized at Camp Butler ; moved to Tennessee October 6, 1862 ; drove the rebels across the Talla hatchie in November, and held the Yacona river ; on April 23, 1863, approached A'icksburg, and this with Thompson's Hill, Raymond, Jackson, Champion Hills, Brownsville, Meridian, Chunky Station, Benton, Jackson, Cross Roads, Spanish Fort, tell the story of this com mand to its muster out at Chicago, August, 1S65. The soldiers from Stark county in Company A were : Corporals — Asa Bunton, August, 1S62 ; promoted. Privates enlisted August, 1862 — Daniel S. Adams, Frank Hudson, promoted; Levi Leek, Invalid Corps ; Fred. M. Lea- croft, Asa Smith, promoted, died at Fort Gaines, April 19, 1865. Company F: Sergeants — George S. Green, August, 1862. Cor porals — Samuel M. Likes, August, 1862; died at Vicksburg September, 1864. Privates — Nathaniel Cooper, died May, 1863, of AATounds ; Alexander Wicr, died at Memphis, September, 1863; Sylvester SAveet. Recruits — AYalter A. Fell, Thirty-third ; Thomas MurraA', February, 1864; Thomas W. Rule, Thirty-third ; Andrew TurnbuU, thirty-third ; Alvin Galley, Thirty-third. One-hundred-and-tAventy-sixth Infantry organized at Alton in Sep tember, 1862, moved to Bolivar, Tenn., in November, and took a full part in the Tennessee campaign. In March, 1863, the command par ticipated in the capture of Little Rock, of Clarendon, Ark., besides participating in the siege of Vicksburg. It was mustered out at Pine Bluff, in July, 1865. One-hundred-and-twenty-seventh Infantry was mustered in on September 5, 1862, at Camp Douglas, 957 strong. In the ranks Avere, Abram Bevier (deserted), Robert J. Dickinson (dis charged), William H. Giwitts (V. R. C, January, 1865), Uriah Giwitts (deserted), George Kinter (deserted), all of Company B. One-hundred- and-thirty-second Infantry, organized at Camp Fry, Chicago, was mus tered in June 1, 1864, moved to Kentucky on the 6th, and Avas on duty there until muster out, October 17, 1864. In this command were C. Hotchkiss, of Toulon, and Barney M. Jackson, of Lafayette, Avho Avere mustered in in 1864. One-hundred-ancl-thirty -ninth Infantry Avas mustered in at Peoria, June 1, 1864, with 878 men, for three months serA'ice. Among the troops were the following named residents of this county : Company A, Corporal, Otis P. Dyer, May, 1864. Company E, Corporal James SAvank, May, 1864. Company H, Second-Lieutenant, Ansel J. Wright, June, 1864, Sergeants, enlisted May, 1864, Gorham P. Blood, George Dugan, Corporals, enlisted May, 1861, O. P. Crowed, N. YY. Dewey, AA7". 0. Johnson; Musician, S. A'. R. Bates, May, 1864 (promoted prin cipal musician), PriA'ates, Samuel Burge, Wm.'J. Barrett, Thomas AA'. Cade, George W. DeAvey, Joseph Flansburg, Adam Gardiner, D. C. Lyon, Orin Maxfield, jr., Elisha Mosher, William H. Newcomer, Har rison NeAvton, Joseph H. Newton, Ruben Rounds, Harvey J. Reining- MtUTAkv iitsToKV. 241 ton, John S. Roof, Charles D. Sharrer (discharged to re-enlist), Theo dore Vandyke, Wm. AV. Wright, Andrew J. Whitaker, Benjamin J. Whitcher, Benjamin Witter, Isaac M. Witter, George Potter. The re cruits, enlisted May, 1864, were Abram H. Loudenburgh (from Com pany I), W^m. Searl (from Company I). One-hundred-and-forty-eighth Infantry Avas organized at Camp But ler, February 26, 1865, for the term of one year. February 22, pro ceeded to Nashville, Tenn., in March, moved to Tullahoma, and in June five companies were ordered to Deckerd, one company avjis stationed at McMinnville, and the other four companies guarding the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad from Lombardy to Anderson Station. Arrived at Springfield September 9, 1 865; where it received its final discharge. The troops from Stark county were in Company I, Sergeant, Moses B. Robinson, February, 1865, Corporal, Edwin B. Pomeroy, Privates, AATm. D. Cundiff (promoted), Charles Hester, Luman Himes. One-hundred-and-fifty-first Infantry was organized at Quincy, 111., and made up from various parts of the state, recruited under the call of December 19, 1864. The regiment Avas ordered to Springfield, 111., where, February 25, 1865, the field and staff officers Avere mustered in and the regiment moved to Nashville, Tenn., thence to Dalton, Ga. April 23, Col. Woodall was ordered to proceed, under flag of truce, to Macon, Ga., to carry terms of surrender to the rebel Gen. Warford; May 2, Avas ordered to Kingston, Ga., arriving on the 12th, after a toilsome march. Here, on May 13, 14 and 15, 1865, the regiment received the surrender of Gen. Warford, with 10,400 prisoners. The One-hundred-and-fifty-first Avas mustered out at Columbus, Ga., Janu ary 24, 1866, and moved to Springfield, 111., where it received final dis charge, February 8, 1866. The Stark county men in the command Avere: Sergeant-Major — Fayette Lacey; private, Lafayette Schamp, February, 1865, in Company A. Privates, enlisted February, 1865 — W. II. Boyer, Allen Gingrich (died at Nashville, March, 1865), C. W. Phenix (promoted), in Company B; and in Company I: Captain — Casimer P. Jackson. First Lieutenants — James Montooth (resigned, June, 1865), Andrew Galbraith, July, 1865. Second Lieutenants — AndreAV Galbraith, February, 1865, George Fezler, July, 1865, not mustered. First Sergeant- — Fayette Lacy (promoted Sergeant-Ma jor). Sergeants — Geo. Dugan (promoted), Geo. R. Fezler (promoted Second Lieutenant), Geo. W. McDaniels (promoted) and Samuel Keys. Cor porals, enlisted February, 1865 — Rufus S. Jones (promoted), Samuel Dixon (died at Michigan City, Ind., May, 1865, Thomas Homer, James F. Thompson, John S. Roof, Herod Murnan. Musicians, enlisted Feb ruary, 1865 — Thomas S. Craig and Chas. W. Orr. Wagoner — Jona than Rounds, February, 1865. Privates — Atkinson Coe, Austin De- Wolf, Joseph Dixon, Andrew Galbraith, Edward A. Johnson, Samuel K. Lowman, John H. Moncrief (died at Dalton, Ga., March, 1865), Bethuel Pierson, Seth F. and Daniel Rockwell, Henry W. Thomas, David Woodard, David Crumb, Geo. AV. Gilson (killed at Bushnell, 111., 1865, in attempt to jump bounty), Orson Grant, Leonidas Jones, Elias B. LeAvis (deserted), Ira I. McConnell, Samuel Masters (pro moted), Ed. A. Perry, Cassimer Jackson, James Montooth (promoted). 242 HlSTORV Of STARK OOUM'Y. One-hundred-and-fifty -fifth Infantry, organized at Camp I hitler, Avas mustered in February 28, 1865, for one year, with 904 men and officers. The command moved to Tennessee in March, and in June, was divided into squads for protection of Nashville A Chattanooga railroad, occupying the block-nouses from Nashville to Duck river, a distance of fifty miles. It was mustered out September 4, 1865. Stark county was represented by Wm. Cross, Oliver P. White, Patrick McGuire, EdAvard O'Brien (drowned in Stone river, January, 1865), all enlisted in February, 1865, in Company 1. Miscellaneous infantry commands claimed Stark county men as follows: One-hundred-and-twenty-iirst New York, Company A— Peter Nicholson. Twenty-first Ohio — Patrick Flynn and Jonn H. Ilarkins. Seventh Missouri Volunteer Infantry, Company 1, enlisted at St. Louis, Mo., June, 1861, mustered out June, 1864- — Sergeants: Robert Robb and Isaac Harris. Privates: James Shivvers and Thomas Per ry. Tenth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, Company C — A. N. Harris. Second U. S. Veteran Volunteers, Company A — Alvah M. Brown, enlisted February, 1865. Fourth U. S. Veteran Aroluntecrs, Company B — Geo. Carter, enlisted February, 1865. First U. S. Army Corps, Company 5 — Thomas lliggins, enlisted March, 1865. First U. S. Regular Infantry — Adam I ell (died at Annapolis, Md.), Robert bell and Asa Clark. Sixteenth U. S. Regular Infantry — Reuben Shock- ley, James Schemerhorn, Creighton SAvain, James Met ice. In the Thirtieth Illinois Volunteer Infantry was Thomas Genimell,who enlisted in Mercer county in 1861, veteranized in 1S63, and served to the close of the Avar. OAVALKY. Cavalry regiments held only a small number of troops from this county. Of the seventeen regiments sent forward from Illinois, only the Third, Ninth, Eleventh, Twelfth and Fourteenth claimed repre sentatives of Stark. In the following sketch the beginnings of each of those seventeen commands are noted : First — Colonel Thomas A. MarshaU, mustered in June 1861, at Bloomington, with 1,200 men ; Second — Colonel Silas Noble, mustered in August 24, 1861, at Camp Butler, with 1,861 men; Third — Colonel Eugene A. Carr, mustered' in September 21, 1861, at Camp Butler, Avith 2,183 men; Fourth — Colonel T. Lyle Dickey, mustered in September 30, 1S61, at Ottawa, with 1,656 men; Fifth — Colonel John J. Updegraff, mustered in December, 1861, at Camp Butler, with 1,169 men; Sixth — Colonel Thomas 11. Cavanaugh, mustered in November, 1861, January, 1862, at Camp Butler, with 2,248 men; Seventh — Colonel William Pitt Kellogg, mustered in, August, 1861, at Camp Butler, with 2,282 men; Eighth — Colonel John F. Farnswortb, mustered in September 18, 1861, at St. Charles, with 2,412 men; Ninth- Colonel Albert G. Brackett, mustered in October 26, 1861, at Camp Douglas, with 2,169 men; Tenth — Colonel James A. Barrett, mus tered in November 25, 1861, sit Camp Butler, with 1,934 men; Eleventh — Colonel Robert G. Ingersoll, mustered in December 20, 1861, at Peoria, with 2,362 men; Twelfth — Colonel Arno Voss, mus tered in December, 1861, February, 1862, at Camp Butler, with 2,174 MILITARY HISTORY. 243 men; Thirteenth — ¦ Colonel Joseph AV. Bell, mustered in December, 1861, February, 1862, at Camp Douglas, Avith 1,759 men; Fourteenth — Colonel Horace Oapron, mustered in January 7, 1863, at Peoria, Avith 1565 men; Fifteenth — Colonel Warren Stewart, mustered in December 25, 1S63, at Camp Butler, Avith 1,473 men; Sixteenth — Colonel Christian Thielman, mustered in January and April, 1S63, at Camp Butler, Avith 1,462 men; Seventeenth — Colonel John L. BeAr- eridge, mustered in January 28, 1864, at St. Charles, Avith 1,247 men. In Company A. of the Third Cavalry Avere privates James H. Chaddock, (promoted), Samuel A. Highlands, (deserted), John AAr. Highlands, (promoted, died at Memphis), Avho enlisted in August, 1861, and recruits Avho enlisted in February, 1864, — Samuel H. Aten, (Company G, third consolidated caA'alry), AVilliam P. Burns, (Company C„ third consolidated caA'alry), Harrison Burkhart, Robert Garner, Company C, third consolidated cavalry), John Green, (Company C, third consolidated cavalry"), John King, (died at Port Hudson, Louis iana), June, 1865, Theodore W. McDaniel, George F. Pyle, (Company C, third consolidated cavalry), John Simmerman, (Company C, third consolidated cavalry), Henry Simmerman, (Company C, third consoli dated cavalry). West Jersey ; George Boardman, (discharged for disa bility), Hugh R. Creighton, (discharged for promotion), Albert P. Finley, all of Stark county. In Company C, third consolidated cavalry, Avere privates Samuel Aten, AVilliam Burns, Robert A. Garner, J. Green, (deserted), Theo dore AV. McDaniel, George F. Pyle, (deserted), Henry Simmerman, John Simmerman, West Jersey; and in Company K., Andre av J. AValker, Elmira, March, 1865. In the Fourth Illinois Volunteer Cavalry Avere : Company D., AA'illiam Douglas, Essex, January, 1861, (see twelfth cavalry). Com pany A.. Joseph E. McKinstrey, corporal, (see twelfth cavalry). Com pany K., William (/rooks, Essex, recruited October 1862, promoted ser geant-major. In the SeA'enth CaA'alry Avere unassigned recruits avIio enlisted from Penn tOAvnship in Alarch, 1S65, viz.: Charles Butcher, (died at Camp Butler), and AVilliam Butcher. In Company H., Ninth Cavalry, AA'ere the recruits avIio enlisted in January, 1864 — Thomas Flanagan, Christopher Flanagan, John Stokes, John C. ShaAV, Patrick Smith, Toulon. Henry LeAvis, (died a prisoner at Charleston, S. C), Samuel R. Lewis, (deserted), Lafayette, and in Company K., Captain J. O. II. Spinney, Bradford, May 1865, veteranized ; first lieutenant, J. O. H. Spinney, Bradford, September, 1 S 6)4, promoted ; sergeants, enlisted September, 1861, John Jamison, Bradford ; veteranized and deserted ; Francis M. Lamper, Osceola, dis charged. Privates — Enlisted October, 1861 — FoAvler Bryant, E. W. Curtis, (veteranized), Frank U. Doyle, (diseluirged), Thomas A. Fos ter, Wesley F. Foster (veteranized and promoted), John S. Hayden, (veteranized and promoted), Christopher Handley, Wm. S. Luce, Isaac Moon, James M. Stanley, (veteranized and promoted), J. 0. II. Spin ney, (A'eteranized), James Sherlock' (A'eteranized), Bradford ; Francis Griswold, (promoted, died at Memphis, July, 1S62), Herman D. 244 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Sturm, Osceola ; William F. Wheeler, of Lafayette, the only son of widoAV C. M. Wheeler, died in hospital at Decatur, Ala., August 21, 1865. Recruits — Henry McKibbon, (promoted), March 28, 1864, Bradford. Unassigned recruits — Martin Shay, Penn, March 31, 1865. In the Eleventh Cavalry, Company C, Avere AndreAv Caldwell, SlackAvater, (recruited December, 1863, deserted July, 1864). Company M., Wm. A. Glaze, West Jersey (recruited March, 1863) ; Unassigned, Baxter M. Mahany, Toulon (recruited February, 1865, died at Camp Butler.) In the TAvelfth Cavalry Avere Joseph Johnson, Toulon, November, 1864, William Douglas, Essex (also Fourth Cavalry), Joseph E. McKin- stry, corporal (also Fourth Cavalry). In the Fourteenth Cavalry, Company A., Avere, DeAvitt C. Reece, West Jersey, November, 1862, and Company M., Isaac Dennis, West Jersey, October, 1866 (discharged for disability). In the First NeAV York Veteran Cavalry T. A. LaCosta, now of Toulon, served for tAventy months. He Avas also in the United States naval service. In the Eleventh Missouri Volunteer Cavalry, Company K., Avas A. N. Harris, Goshen, enlisted as Second-Lieutenant and promoted to Captain; S. Drummond, son of Benj. Drummond, a voluuteer of 1861- 5, enlisted in the United States army the latter year and was serving Avith the Seventh United States Cavalry in 1880. LIGHT ARTILLERY. Company A, Captain C. M. Williard, mustered in at Chicago, with 168 men; Company B, Captain Ezra Taylor, mustered in at Chicago, Avith 204 men ; Company C, Captain C. Haughtauling, mustered in October 31, 1861, at Ottawa, Avith 175 men; Company D, Captain Ed Avard McAllister, mustered in January 14, 1862, at Plainfield, with 141 men; Company E, Captain A. C. Waterhouse, mustered in December 19. 1861, at Chicago, Avith 148 men; Company F, Captain John T. Cheney, mustered in February 25, 1862, at Camp Butler, Avith 159 men; Company G, Captain Arthur O'Leary, mustered in February 28, 1862, at Cairo, with 113 men; Company H, Captain Alex. Silversparr, mustered in February 20, 1862, at Chicago, Avith 147 men; Company I, Captain Edward Bouton, mustered in February 15, 1863, at Chicago, Avith 160 men; Company K, Captain A. Franklin, mustered in January 9, 1862, at ShaAvneetoAvn, Avith 96 men; Company L, Captain John Rourke, mustered in Februaiy 22, 1862, at Chicago, with 153 men; Company M, Captain John B. Miller, mustered in August 12, 1862, at Chicago, Avith 154 men; Field and Staff, 7 men; Recruits, 883 men. In Battery D, LeAvis AAT. Jones, of Wyoming, Avas Corporal. The Second Light Artillery Avas made up as follows: Company A, Captain Peter Davidson, mustered in August 17, 1861, at Peoria, Avith 116 men: Company B., Captain Riley Madison, mustered in June 20, 1861, at Springfield, with 127 men ; Company C, Captain Caleb Hop kins, mustered in August 5, 1861, at Cairo, Avith 154 men ; Company D, Jasper M. Dresser, mustered in December 17, 1861, at Cairo, Avith 117 men; Company E, Captain Adolph SchAvartz, mustered in February 6, MILITARY HISTORY. 245 1862, atCairo, with 131 men ; Company F, Captain John W.Powell, mus tered in December 11, 1861, at Cape Girardeau. Mo., with 190 men ; Com pany G, Captain Charles J. Stolbrand, mustered in December 31, 1861, at Camp Butler, Avith 108 men ; Company II, Captain Andreiv Stein beck, mustered in December 31, 1861, at Camp Butler, with 115 men ; Company I, Captain Charles W. Keith, mustered in December 31, 1861, at Camp Butler, with 107 men ; Company K, Captain Benjamin F. Rogers, mustered in December 31, 1861, at Camp Butler, Avith 108 men ; Company L, Captain William H. Bolton, mustered in February, 28, 1862, at Chicago, with 145 men ; Company M, Captain John C. Phil lips, mustered in June 6, 1862, at Chicago, with 100 men ; field and staff, 10 men ; recruits, 1,171 men. In Company A, Avere the folloAving named Stark county soldiers — Corporal, Harvey Pierce, Wyoming, May, 1861 ; veteranized and pro moted. Privates, enlisted July, 1861 : Clemens R. Defendener (died at New Orleans, February, 1864), Thomas J. Ellis (veteranized), Wyom ing. Enlisted September, 1862 : Alva W. BroAvn, Lafayette, John Cox (died in Syracuse, December, 1865), N. H. Hull, Chas. Thomas, Wyom ing ; Samuel Eagan, Emanuel Kissel, West Jersey ; David N. Iliffner, ( Jharles N. Hull, Osceola ; Wm. Beers, Calvin RockAvell, Hugh Stock ner, Marshall and Warren Winn, Lorenzo K. Wiley, Toulon ; Morris Ayres (died in service), Joseph G. Bloomer (died in service), Albert Eagan, John Hull, John R. Stratton. In the Peoria Battery, S. W. Carney enlisted in May, 1861. The Independent Batteries Avere : Board of Trade, Captain James S. Stokes, mustered in July 31, 1862, at Chicago, Avith 258 men ; Spring field, Captain Thomas F. Vaughn, mustered in August 21, 1862, at Camp Butler, Avith 199 men ; Mercantile, Captain Charles G. Cooley, mustered in August 29, 1862, at Chicago, Avith 270 men; Elgin, Cap tain George W. Renwick, mustered in November 15, 1862, at Elgin, Avith 242 men ; CoggSAvelfs, Captain William Coggswell, mustered in September 23, 1861, at Camp Douglas, Avith 221 men ; HenshaAv's, Cap tain Ed. C. HenshaAV, mustered in October 15, 1862, at OttaAva, with 196. men; Bridges', Captain Lyman Bridges, mustered in January 6, 1862, at Chicago, Avith 252 men ; Colvin's, Captain John H. Colvm, mustered in October 10, 1863, at Chicago, Avith 96 men ; Busteed's, Chi cago, Avith 127 men. In the Marine Artillery Avere, John James Campbell, died in ser vice, Samuel Dyer, died at Roanoke, Andrew Galbraith, sheriff; John Hotchkiss, Charles Maxfield, Henry Marchant, Jephta Mosher, Carle- ton Rhodes, died at NeAvbern, N. C, Warren Winn, Oliver White, Isaac Whitaker, Marshall Winn, of Wyoming, Dennis Clark, Jas. W. Dexter, Marian Godfrey, James Hall, John Labarr, John II. Parks. AndreAv Galbraith serA'ed in the N. Y. Marine Artillery from August, 1862, until February, 1863, when he enlisted in the U. S. navy, and served until 1864. In the 1st U. S. Artillery were, George Rouse, Goshen, and in the Mississippi Marine Brigade, William Cross, of Toulon. In other commands Avere Joseph Jamison, a boy of eighteen sum mers, served in the Avar Avith his father, died at Jefferson City. Mo., 246 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. March 29, 1862, and John A. Perry, a young soldier, died January 15, 1862, at Otterville, Mo. In the histories of the several Grand Army Posts many records are given, some of them being of soldiers who resided here or are now res idents, Avho were not listed with Stark county men during the Avar. The Fourth Regiment, I. N. G., was organized at Peoria, February 2, 1876. During that winter an act AA'as passed to organize and govern the militia of the State, which went into force Juty 1, 1877. Captain John Huff was elected Colonel, Captain W. Whiting, of the Altona Rifle Company, Lieutenant-Colonel ; and Captain A. T: Johnson, Major. OAving to the legislature refusing to confirm Colonel Huff, Whiting Avas appointed Colonel. In 1877 some disagreement over the time and form of elections marked the history of the regiment ; but this disa greement, if such it Avere, resulted in the election of Col. Whiting, Ma jor; AVm. Jackson, of Elmira, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Captain O. L. lliggins. Major. In July, 1877, Peoria's three companies, with others in that district, Avere detatched from the Fourth Regiment and organ ized as the Seventh Regiment, I. N. G., Moline's two companies and a neAV company at Princeton, Avere incorporated Avith the Fourth I. N. G., and a reenlistment ordered. This was affected, but the muster-in was postponed. On July 22, 1877, the "great strike" assumed huge pro portions, the Fourth Regiment received orders to be in readiness, and within four hours all the companies were ready for duty. At 5 p.m., on July 27, orders Avere received to proceed at once to Alton Junction, and at midnight companies A, C, and H Avere at Galva. Company G, of Toulon, arrived there a little later, and Company F, from KeAvanee, shortly after. Early next morning Company I joined them at Wyoming en route to East St. Louis. Three days later the regiment Avas ordered to Galesburg. The Lieutenant-Colonel of that day is now commander of the regiment. Stark county has ninety -three persons on the pension roll, of which seventy-tAvo are invalids, eight are Avidows, ten dependents, three wid ows that are survivors of the Avar of 1812. The monthly pay of these amounts to $834.25. This chapter must be considered only an index to the greater mili tary history contained in the pages devoted to biography and in some instances to township history. Yet it is a great record — one of AA'hich any people may feel proud, and one that Avill be re-read and re-read and analyzed, when aU other memorials of the soldiers of Stark County are forgotten. CHAPTER XVI. TOULON TOWNSHIP. IIIS division of the county is one of well cultivated farms, pleasant homes and thriving business centers. AAXhin its borders are the toAvns of Toulon and Wyoming and the village of Modena. Spoon river and tributaries course through, the R. I. & P. R. R. runs through its southern sections, while good roads make all sides of every section accessible. Thrifty hedge-roAvs of Osage orange line, these roads and mark the boundaries of the large fields into which the township is subdivided. Many of the farm homes are elegant, and all comfortable. The population of Toulon tOAvnship in 1880, exclusive of the toAvns, was 1,038, of Toulon village, 967, of a part of Wyoming 652, and of Modena 75. In area it is an original congressional townsliip. From Capt. HaAvk's tabulated schedule of Toulon township for 1885 Ave learn that there were 7,246 acres of corn planted in said township, and 222,900 bushels harvested; 3,774 acres of oats, 151,220 bushels harvested; total gross weight of fat cattle sold, 531,500 lbs.; gross Aveight sheep sold, 30,820 ; gross weight hogs sold, 1,428,045 ; number feet tile drain laid, 30,010. Throughout its entire area it is underlaid with coal, in some places exposing the veins. The shafts on section 14, Toulon are worked by Fred Charleston, Peter Herberger, William NXvton, Henry Newton, and John Cum- mings, one each. The oldest bank is that operated by William New ton, noAv mined for over twenty years. It was formerly known as the " Coe Bank." There are about fifteen men employed, earning about $1.50 per day. A number of horsebacks exist here, some clay veins are four or five feet thick, the coal vein averages four feet. At Modena coal mining is carried on extensively, and the opening of neAV shafts still continues. The fisherman may still pursue his calling here with pleasure, if- not with profit, for civilization has not yet succeeded in driving out all the inhabitants of the rivers. The wolf-hunter, too, may hunt with profit ; for in April, 1884, Henry Hamilton and others captured a wolf near Indian Creek, and subsequently he with his brother Edward and Jackson Lorance found a nest of seven cubs. The bounty Avas $17.50. The original entries of the lands in this township form a very im portant part in this history ; for to them Ave must look for the first faint gleams of civilization on the wilderness of 1817. The name, lo cation, and date of each entry are given first, and name of present owner last : 15 247 248 HISTOEY OP STAEK COUNTY. JohnT. Phenix, e. hf. n. e. qr. sec. 1; Sept. 1, 1839. James Montooth. James Bailey, w hf. lot 1, w. hf. lot 2, sec. 1; Nov. 14, 1851. Humphrey Avery; Thos. and Jacob Fleming, lot 1; Humphrey Avery, lot 2. W. K. Fuller, n. e. qr. of n. w. qr. , see. 1 ; Oct. 8, 1839. B. G. Rowell, n. e. qr. of n. w. qr. John T. Phenix, s. e. qr. of n. w. qr., sec. 1; Oct. 25, 1853. Wm. Jackson, 9, T. and J. Fleming, 36 acres. W. K. Fuller, w. hf . of n. w. qr. , sec. 1 ; Sept. 28, 1339. Samuel Malone, 22, Humphrey Avery, 37. .X Jonathan Matthews, s. w. qr., sec. 1; Nov. 29, 1817. John Scott, 54; James Irvin, 80; James Snare, 25. j^--' Samuel P. Tufts, s. e. qr., sec. 1 ; Nov. 29, 1817. H. B. Dorrance, 100, and a number of small lot owners. Brastus Brown, n. e. fr. sec. 2; June 27, 1851 Silas Norris, 135 acres. David Park, e. hf. n. w. qr. sec. 2; Oct. 8, 1839. E. George; e. 54 acres. Samuel McAughn, w. hf. lot 1, w, hf. lot 2, sec 2; Sept. 19, 1848. Eli Mix, w. 84acres. y Michael Cunningham, s. w. qr., sec. 2; Oct. 6, 1817. E. George, O. B. Blanchard, J. H. Vernon, R. Patterson, Gideon Murray . ty N Chadwick, s. e. qr., sec. 2; Mar. 10, 1818. Julia Harding, T. Watts, J. H. Vernon, and Hurlburt Harding. Chauncey D. Fuller, n. e. qr. sec. 3; Sept. 28, 1839. AVilliam Sturm. Phineas Austin, n. fr. hf. n. w. fr. qr. sec. 3; Oct. 2, 1851. Theodore Vandyke, 44 acres. James M. Jackson, w. hf. lot 1, sec. 3; Sept. 20, 1848. T. and C. Vandyke, 10 acres. Hepsebah Fuller, s. e.-part, sec. 3: May 16, 1840. Wilmot Newton, s. 80 acres. ^ William Dunlap, s. w. qr., sec. 3; Nov. 15, 1817. AVilmot Newton, s. w. qr. V Charles Gist, s. e. qr., sec. 3; Nov. 15, 1817. T. and C. Vandyke, n. 80, Adam Holmes, s. 80. Allen Bagley, e. hf. lot 1, e. hf. lot 2, n. e. qr. sec. 4; Dec. 4, 1851. William Mur ray, e. 80. Brady Fowler, w. hf. lot 2, w. hf. lot 1, n. e. qr. lot 2, n. w. fr. qr. and e. hf. lot 1, sec. 4; Nov. 20 1848. Brady Fowler, w. 80. Robert A. Craig, w. hf. lotl, fr. n. w. fr. qr., sec. 4; Sept. 23, 1852. Brady Fowler, n. w. 140. -•"Joseph Banks, s. w, qr., sec. 4; Dec. 15, 1817. John Fowler, s. w. 160. > Erastus Backus, s. e. qr., sec. 4; Nov. 29, 1817. Brady Fowler, s. e. 160. Robert Grieve, n. e. qr. sec. 5; Sept. 14, 1849. Robert Grieve, n. e. qr John L. Clark, n. w. qr. sec. 5; July 16, 1850. Robert Grieve, n. w. qr. '-- S. Hutchinson, s. w. qr. sec. 5; Feb. 10, 1818. G. L. Goodale, e. hf., G. Ruther ford, w. hf . AT Jesse Seeley, s. e. qr. sec. 5; Feb. 10, 1818. John Fowler, e. hf, G. L. Goodale, w. hf. David Park, n. w. qr. n. e. qr. ands. w. qr. sec. 6; Oct. 8, 1839. Abel Armstrong, n. e. 149, G Armstrong, s. w. 150, A. Armstrong, n. 105, and R. Armstrong, s. 40 of n. w. b-fi Jacob Rheam, s. e. qr. sec. 6; May 5, 1818. George Rutherford, s. e. 160. fc^William Wiley, n. e. qr., sec. 7; Sep. 17, 1818. Geo. Rutherford, n. 80; R. Mc- ICeighan, s. 80, e. qr. David Park, n. w. qr. and s. w. qr., sec. 7; Oct. 8, 18S9. Wm. Beatty, n. w. 150; N. G. Smith and C. Berfield, s. w. qr. uT Hiram Stevens, s. e. qr., sec. 7; Sep. 17, 1818. R. H. McKeighan, e. 80, and Robt. JacKeighan, w. 80. *-' Washington Duke, n. e. qr., sec. 8; Aug. 29, 1818. Martin Rist, n. e. qr. J^Elijah Coats, n. w. qr., sec. 8; August 29, 1818. Anna D. Richardson, n. w. qr. *- Samuel McCahan, s. w. qr., sec. 8; July 13, 1818. Duncan McKenzie, s. w. qr. (/¦Ira Ellmore, s. e. qr., sec. 8; July 13, 1818, John C. McKenzie, s. e. qr. 'Xilas McCullough, n. e. qr., sec. 9; Jan. 20, 1818. Robert Grieve, n. 80; B. Barton, / Robert Morton, n. w. qr., sec. 9; Jan. 20, 1818. Martin Rist, n. w. qr. <¦" Amos J. Eagleson, s. w. qr. , sec. 9; Oct. 6, 1817. W. P. Caverly, e. 80 and s. w. 40; M. Rist, n. w. 40. J Daniel Dudley, s. e. qr., sec. 9; Oct. 6, 1817. B. Barton, n. 80; J. H. Brown, s. 80. f' Bela Hall, n. e. qr., sec. 10; Jan 24, 1818. George E. Holmes, n. 320 acres. */ Ira Remington, n. w. qr., sec. 10; Jan. 24, 1818. ''¦ Joseph Porter, s. w. qr., sec. 10; Dec. 23, 1818. Silas Barton, e. hf.; J. M. Barton, w. hf. /'Hester Fausl, s. e. qr., sec. 10; Dee. 22, 181S. ('. M. S. Lyon. ty James Thomas; n. e. qr., sec. 11; Oct. (i, 1817. Hugh Maguire, s. av. 40 of n. e. qr., and lots belonging to twelve others. TOULON TOWNSHIP. 249 P^Senj. H. Tozer, n. w. qr., sec. 11; Oct. 6, 1817. Gideon Murray, 160. t-Tsaac Dyer, s. w. qr., sec. 11; Aug. 31, 1818. C. M. S. Lyon, 160. Benj. Pratt, s. e. qr., sec. 11; Aug. 31, 1818. Foster Coulson, 160. /^Abraham Bowman, n. e. qr., sec. 12; March 12, 1818. John Snare, e. 104; James Snare, e. 16, and small lots; John Caley, w. 38 qr. te- Samuel Grimes, n. w. qr., sec. 12; March 12, 1818. J. W. Medearis, 57; John Caley, 40; John Snare, 38 qr. ; N. Snare, 24;'^ in n. w. qr. ^Xuke Blackshire, s. w. and s. e. qr., sec. 12; Nov. 6, 1817. Nathan Snare, w. 120; John Snare, e. 40, s. w. qr. ; John Snare, s. e. 160. i^lsaac Patch, n. e. qr., sec. 13; July 1, 1818. J. W. Fleming, s. w. 40 and n. e. 40; F. Coulson, n. w. 40 of n. e. qr. , ^ David Falwell, n. w. qr., sec. 13; July 1, 1818. Foster Coulson, 80; Clara E. Flem ing, 40; Foster Coulson, 80; J. W. Fleming, 40 in n. w. qr. rGe >r.;e AV. Russell, s. w. qr., sec. 13; Jan. 7, 1818. Martin White, 80; Geo. White, C. White, 30, s. w. qr. f Jesse Ormsby, s. e. qr., sec. 13; Jan. 7, 1818. R. E. Bunnell, s. e. qr. *^1). ft. Whiteley, n. e. qr., sec. 14; Oct. 22, 1817. I. Watt, 38; F. Coulson, 80; W. H. Cui'iman, 21; Hiram D. Thurston, 19; H. Newton, 2, n. e. qr. • • John Pike, n. w. qr., sec. 14; Oct. 22, 1817. Geo. Harvev, n. 80; Mary Renwick, s.-m R. D. Thompson, s. w. qr., sec. 14; Nov. 21, 1817. J. A. Ballantine, n. 80; J. D. Ballantine, s. 79. ^'XTohn Dawson, s. e. qr., sec. 14; Nov. 21, 1817. F. Ballantine, one acre on s. w. qr. 7 Samuel Null, n. e. qr., sec. 15; Nov. 24, 1817. H. Dixon, 40; J. D. Ballantine, 86; Wm. Daley, 40, s. e. qr., sec. 14. i." Abram Rader, n. w. qr., sec. 15; Nov. 24, 1817. Elisha Bass, 118; M. A. Bass, 80; P. H. Hawkins, 120; Brace and Burge, 80; Mary E. Bell, 80; John O'Neil, 40; W. B. Ballantine, 40; J. D. Ballantine, 40; F. Ballantine, 40. >^John R. Turner, s. w. qr., sec. 15; Nov. 29, 1817. ttf'Thomas Thompson, s. e. qr., sec. 15; Nov. 29, 1817. Oliver Whitaker, lot 1, Thomas Seeley, lot 2, Samuel M. Eldredge, lot 7, H. W. Newland, lot 8— n. e. qr. sec. 16; Oct. 27, 1851. J. H. Brown, 20; T. Hogg, 40; W. H. Newcomer, 80; R. Hogg, 20, n. e. qr. Moses Snodgrass, lot 3; Samuel M. Eldredge, lot 4 and 5; Moses Snodgrass, lot 6 — n. w. qr. sec. 16; Oct. 27, 1851. Wm. P. Caverly, n. w. 160. Samuel M. Eldredge, lot 11; Samuel Beatty, lot 12; Samuel M. Eldredge, lot 13; James T. Snodgrass, lot 14 — s. w. qr. sec. 16; Oct. 27, 1851. Wm. P. Caverly, s. w. 160. Oliver Whitaker, lot 9; Samuel M. Eldredge, lot 10; James T. Snodgrass, lot 15; R. H. Jacobs, and D. P. Winter, lot 16 — s. e. qr. sec. 16; Robson Hogg, 40; W. H. New comer, 40; Frank Rest, 80, s. e. qr. / ' Valentine Matthews, n. e. qr. sec. 17; Dec. 16, 1817. F. P. Barnes, 140; W. W. Wright, 20. (r- William Davidson, n. w. qr. sec. 17; Dec. 16, 1817. W. W. Wright, e. 80; Syl. M. Keighan, w. 80. >^" John Yearns, s. w. qr. sec. 17; Sept. 11, 1818. J. C, Moore, s. w. 160. X James Bulley, s. e. qr. sec. 17; Sept. 11, 1818. M. A. Hall, 40; B. G. Hall, 40; John Lyall, 80. 7 William Young, n. e. qr. sec. 18; March 81, 1818. Duncan McKenzie. Adam Perry, e. hf. and w. hf n. w. qr. sec. 18; Sept 28, 1839. Lewis Williams, e. 76; R. H. McKeighan, w. 76. Joseph Perry, e. hf. and w. hf. s. w. qr. sec. 18; Sept. 28, 1839. Henry B. Perry, s. w. 160. Xjohn Wallace, s. e. qr. sec. 18; March 13, 1818. H. R. Pierce, Est, s. e. 160. ^/William Bennett, n. e. qr. sec. 19; Jan. 24, 1818. J. M. Stickney, e. 80, s. 13, 5 acre lots. John Culbertson, n. w. qr. sec. 19; Sept. 28, 1839. Pleasant Follet, 140. Trustees. ^¦John Miller, s. w. qr. sec. 19; Sept. 6, 1839. Depot grounds and Toulon lots. fr Gideon W. Moody, s. e. qr. sec. 19; Jan. 24, 1818. Jerry Lyon, 44; O. Whittaker, 50 XT. A. Codey, 21. XWm. Vandermon, n. e. qr. sec. 20; Dec. 5, 1817. Kate Grer, 80; Daniel Tyrrell, w. 80. f Lydia Barritt, n. w. qr. sec. 20; Dec. 5, 1817. E. B. Lyon, 40; Mary M. Merri man, 120. J- E. D. Strickland, s. w. qr. sec 20; July 18, 1818. Charles P. Dewey, s. w. 160. V/ Robert Vallally, s. e. qr. sec. 20; July 18, 1818. John Whittaker, jr.; s. e. 160. yf Robert Fry, n. e. qr. sec. 21; Oct. 6, 1817. Eli Packer, e. 80; M. A. Packer, w. 80. 250 HISTOEY OF STARK COUNTY. VMoses McClay, n. w. qr. sec. 21; Oct. 6, 1817. David Nicholson, n. w. 160. t^Teptha Cloud, s. w. qr. sec. 21; June 5, 1818 Benjamin Packer, s. w. 160. Its- Robert Miner, s. e. qr. sec. 21; June 5, 1818. J. W. Ballantine, e. 80; Ezra Packer, wT80. •Nicholas Cook, n. w. and n. e., sec. 22; Nov. 24, 1817. O. J. Bass, 4}£; John O'Neil, 20%; Peter O'Neil, 55; F. Mawbey, 80, n. e. qr. if Allen B. Strong, s. w., sec. 22; Dec. 24, 1817. F. Mawbey, e. 80; Catherine Brady, n. w. 40; Melvina Nowlan, s. w. 40 in n. w. qr.; Charles Rhodes, s. w. 160. f John Wells, s. e., sec. 22; Dec. 24, 1817. John Drinnin, e. 80; I. Hochstrasser, w. 80. /y Reuben Boles, n. e., sec. 23; March 16, 1818. O'Neil & Burns, n. e. qr. John P.Howard, e. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 23; Oct. 14, 1839. Daniel New, e. 80, n. w. qr. W. L. Howard, s. w. qr., sec. 23; Feb. 19, 1850. John O'Neil, 20; F. Mawbey, 58. ? Horace Leach, n. w. qr., sec. 23; Feb. 26, 1652. Peter O'Neil, 2 of w. hf., n. w. qr. *"JN. B. McKennan, s. w. qr., sec. 23; March 3, 1818. Jacob Herberger, s. w. qr. /E. Hill, s. e. qr., sec. 23; March 3, 1818. John Drinnin, n. 80; Peter Pauli, s. 79. ^ Silas M. Moore, n. e. qr., sec. 24; March 9, 1818. R. E. Bunnell, n. e. 160 and e. 80 of n. w. qr. ir-' Abel H. Coleman, n. w. qr., sec. 24; March 9, 1818. Small lots. n/^Isaac Parcelles, s. w. qr., sec. 24; March 5, 1818. R. E. Bunnell, e. 80; S. Snare, 40; Peter Pauli, 30, and J. Bever, 10 s. w. qr. iKJoseph Joy, s. e. qr., sec. 25; March 7, 1818. Winfield Scott. -.' John Thompson, n. e. qr., sec. 25. Dec. 4, 1817. Wesley King, e. hf. ; P. E. Pratt, w. hf., n. e. qr. t/fT* Asaph Witherill, n. w. qr., sec. 25; Dec. 4, 1817. R. Howarth, 70 acres and small lot^- lr William Karns, s. w. qr., sec. 25; Nov. 23, 1818. J. W. Bond, e. 79; W. A. Haven, 28 and lots in s. w. qr. /^Benjamin Harvey, s. e. qr., sec. 25; Nov. 23, 1818. Peter E. Pratt, s. e., 147 acres. <$'Thomas Rogers, n. e. qr., sec. 26; March 2, 1818. I. Hochstrasser, Stephenson SXVatson, D. New, William Watson, Peter Pauli, n. e. qr. George Metzinger, n. w. qr., sec. 26; March 2, 1818. D. New, H. Hochstrasser, AV. Drinnin, J. Drinnin, n. w. qr. Small lots on s. w. qr. , ' Joseph Wildey, s. e. and s. w. qr., sec. 26; Nov. 29, 1817. Small lots on s. e. qr. Polly Tucker, heir, n. e. q., sec. 27; Dec. 16, 1817. George Hartley, w. 80 and small lots. Job Parkhead, heir, n. w. qr., sec, 27; Dec. 16, 1817. George Hartley, e. 80; Charies Packer, w. 80. fr Timothy Cook, s. w. qr., sec. 27; Jan 1, 1818. Stephen W. Eastman, s. w. 160. ^ Joseph S. Gorman, s. e. qr., sec. 27; Jan. 1, 1818. S. W. Eastman, s. 60, and small lots. ',' Jacob Slantler, n. e. qr., sec. 28; Oct. 6, 1817. 'C. Packer, e. 80; Ezra Packer, w. 78: M. Winn, 2. / Phineas Spilman, n. w. qr., sec. 28; Oct. 6, 1817. Benjamin Packer, n. w 154. y Samuel Griffith, s. w. qr., sec. 28; Nov. 29, 1817. Charles Hartley, s. w. 160. , Ebenezer Gilkey, s. e. qr., sec. 28; Nov. 29, 1817. S. W. and J. E. Eastman, s. e. 160. * ' William Hyde, n. e. qr., sec. 29; Oct. 6, 1817. John Whitaker, n. e. 160. If Asa Hill, n. w. qr., sec. 29; Oct. 6, 1817. David Guyre, n. w. 160. / James Trumble, s. w. qr., sec. 29; April 3, 1818. C. Hartley, e. 80; J. B. Cooley, w. 80. Henry Roberts, s. w. qr., sec. 29; (cancelled). June 21, 1852. /Stephen Wheeler, s. e. qr., sec. 29; April 3, 1818. F.R.Greenwood, n. 80; B. Turner, s. 80. i' Phillip Lawless, n. e. qr. sec. 30; Feb. 11, 1818. John Berfield, 120; B. Turner, w. 40. Lewis Perry, n. w. qr. sec. 30; Sept. 6, 1839. Benjamin Turner, see. 38 in s. w. qr. Adam Perry, s. w, qr. sec. 30; June 24, 1839. S. w. qr. in small lots. . Harris Miner, lot 4, 5, 10 and 7 ; Nero W. . Mounts, lot 1 ; J. Hodgson, lot 8 , Virgil Pike, lot 6 ; W. StoAve, lot 3 ; James Johnson, lot 2 ; block 2. Elijah Greenfield, lot 7 ; Calvin PoAvell, lot 6 ; II. Miner, lot 2 ; Calvin East man, lot 10 ; Cyril Ward, lots 9, 8, 5, 4 and 1 ; block 1. The sale of lots under special authority, legislative enactment, 262 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY'. Avhich took place April 2, 1849, resulted as folio avs : Calvin L. Eastman, lots 2 and 7 ; block 1. Geo. W. Fuller, lot 9 : block 2. John W. Hen derson, lot ; David P. Winter, lot 6 ; Elijah McClenahan, Jr., lot 7 ; block 3. John W. Henderson, lots 1, 3 and 5 ; Andrew Dray, lots 7 and 10, block 4. Simon S. Heller, lot 1, block 5. Bushrod Tapp, lot 1 and 3 ; block 8. Isaac C. Reed, lot 10, block 12. John A. Williams, lot 4 ; Daniel D. Driscoll, lot 5 ; Geo. A. Worley, lot 1 ; T. J. Hender son, lots 7 and 10 ; block 13. John W. Henderson, lot 4 ; John Emery, lots 1 and 7 ; Thomas Hall, lot 10; block 14. Jacob Holgate, lots 1 and 4 ; Minott Silliman, lots 5, 8 and 9 ; Thomas Hall, lot 10 ; block 15. The prices ranged from $6.50 for lot 6, block 8 ; to $60 for lot 6, block 5. Mrs. Shallenberger, referring to the first sale says : "The old home of Mr. Turner, north of Dr. Chamberlain's drug store, and Avest of the square, Avas originally purchased for $45.00, while lot 1, in block 14, (the site of the First Baptist Church) considered to be very choice, Avas bought by a Knox county man, Z. Cooley, for $70.75. Mr. Theo dore F. Hurd, has the honor of investing the largest sum in any one lot at the first sales, he having paid $75, for lot 6, in block 9." Henderson & Whitaker's addition to Toulon was surveyed by Wm. H. Greenwood and Sylvester F. Otman, in August 1856. This tract ex tended South from the alley North of Clinton street to the North line of Thomas street, and from the East line of the original toAvn to the line of Union street, of course exclusive of the proposed W. A. L. R. R. and depot grounds. Culbertson's Eastern addition to Toulon, extending East from Union street, Avas surveyed by S. F. Otman in December, 1885, and ac- koAvledged by John Culbertson. The Toulon Cemetery Extension, surveyed by H. H. Oliver, for Oliver Whitaker, April 20, 1885 ; the survey beginning at the north eastern corner of original cemetery. The establishment of the county seat under a village government dates back to October, 1857, when, of the thirty-six voters within the original toAA-n, and Henderson, Whitaker & Culbertson's additions thirty-two voted in favor of local government. The trustees then elected Avere E. L. Emery, president ; Oliver Whitaker, Miles A. Fuller, William LoAvman, and Isaac C. Reed, trustees. Of all Avork done under this organization, the neAvspaper contains little, Avhile no official record can be found. The people appealed to the legislature for relief in the form of regulating the form of government, and in response was passed the charter of February 11, 1859, defining poAvers and duties of the trustees of Toulon. During the eight, succeeding years under the neAV organization, trustees met at intervals, approved a feAv ordi nances for side-AA'alks and government; but not until the av inter of 1867-8 did they venture to agree to any proposition entailing much expense to, or providing for much comfort for the citizens. During that winter they authorized the building of 300 per cent more side- AA'alks than all their predecessors did combined. On April 6, 1868, the first temperance village board of Toulon was elected, and it does not seem at all strange, that since 1S68, the records, good, bad or indif- fent, are in existence. This, at least, temperance has affected. The fact TOULON TOAVNSHIP. 263 of the old records being missing is its oavii commentary on the old offi cials, many of Avhom, however, were as substantial and sober as any avIio ever succeeded them. In the fall of 1865 the old improvement era of Toulon returned. A. J. Wright, C. M. Johnson, C. Thorp, Alf. Geirhart, Carson Berfield, George Green, Captain Armstrong, Wells White and others improved their homes or built neAV ones, and following up their example the council considered measures for improvement of the streets, but did not approve of them until three years after. The question of subscribing $10,000 to aid the Peoria and Rock Island Railroad was submitted to the citizens of the " Town of Toulon," June 4, 1868, Avhen 10S voted for and 10 against. Gill, Nixon and H. B. Johnson were judges, and J. M BroAvn and D. Tinlin clerks. The trustees of the village, elected in 1868, and four succeeding years, are named as follows : C. M. S. Lyon, Davis Lowman, A. P. Gill, David Tinlin, 11. Y. Godfrey, 1868. Hugh Y. Godfrey, Andrew Galbraith, James Gillan, C. W. Patterson, R. J. Dicken son, 1869, C. M. S. Lyon, Patrick Nowlan, Branson Lowman, James Gillan, C. W. Patterson, 1870, Joseph D. Rhodes, Patrick Nowlan, Denis MaAvhey, Daniel Gingrich, Stephen Lloyd, 1871. James Nolan, Benjamin C. Follett, John Morrison, Denis Mawbey, A. Galbraith, 1872. In 1868, A. P. Gill Avas treasurer and David Tinlin clerk ; Gill con tinued in 1869, Avith R. J'. Dickinson clerk. Patrick Nowlan served as treasurer and clerk from April, 1870, until 1872, Avhen he Avas suc ceeded in the dual office by Benjamin C. Follett. In 1870, Daniel Mc Cance Avas appointed police magistrate; succeeded in 1872 by Seth Johnson. In the latter year Martin Shallenberger was appointed city attorney. A petition was presented to the trustees of the toAvn of Toulon, July 21, 1873, asking that the question of village organization be placed before the people. The signers Avere : James M. LoAvman, T. M. Shallenberger, EdAvin Butler, Elmer Bates, W. O. Johnson, Frank Marsh, M. Shallenberger, W. S. Merriman, Seth Johnson, Elias Lyon, David Hewitt, D. S. HeAvitt, James Culbertson, G. W. Nicholas, C. D. Ward, Alex. Headley, E. A. Burge, II. B. Johnson, B. Pierson, J. W. Morrison, S. J. Connelly, George NoAvlan, Flenry Jones, James Kerns, P. M. Blair, John Devers, Samuel Grimshaw, J. W. Plummer, H. Geisenheyner, James H. Miller, D. J. Walker, C. E. Harrington, George Graen, Laton Lyon and C. J. Robins. An election was ordered for August 26, 1 873, Avhich resulted : 58 for and 30 against. The Town Board then declared the village to be organized as the " Village of Toulon." The trustees of the village, 1873-86, are named as folloAvs : Dennis Mawbey, Benjamin C. Follett, Warner Williams, II. Stauffer, James Now lan, 1873. Patrick Nowlan, Samuel Burge, W. S. Merriman, D. J. Walker, C. E-. Stone, S. M. Adams, 1874. Patrick Nowlan, James Nowlan, Warner Williams, W. Headley, J. D. Rhodes, C. E. Stone, 1875. 264 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Joseph D. Rhodes, D. J. Walker, H. Stauffer, W. Williams. W. Headley, James Nowlan, 1876. J. M. Brown, C. M. S. Lyon, O. Brace, Patrick Nowlan, Cora U. Pierce, Y. B. Thornton, 1877. Patrick Nowlan, D. J Walker, 0. E. Stone, B. F. Thompson, Anton Sandquist, D. S. Hewitt, 1878. J. M. Brown, J. D. Rhodes, D. J. Walker, E. B. Bass, A. P. Miller, Samuel J. Connelly, 1879. W. S. Merriman, W. Williams, S. J. Connelly, J. M. Brown, H. Shivvers, K. Mat thews, 1880. W. E. Merriman, T. Bacmeister, S. J. Connelly, J. M. Flint, D. Murchison, K. Matthews, 1881. T. Bacmeister, Samuel Burge, H. M. Hall, S. J. Connelly, 1882. Samuel Burge, T. Bacmeister, J. M. Brown, J. B. Cooley, 1883. Samuel Burge, James P. Headley, Frank W. Lyon, 1884. J. M. Brown, T. Bacmeister, J. B. Cooley, J. M. Lowman, 1885. Samuel Burge, J. M. Lowman, J. P. Headley, 1886. The first named in each line served as president of the council, but D. S. HeAvitt Avas acting president at many meetings in 1878. The treasurers since 1873 are thus named: B. C. Follett, 1873; James II. Miller, 1874: George NoAvlan, 1875-76; C. E. Stone, 1877; J. M. Brown, 1878; E. Mosher, 1879-80; H. G. Mosher, 1881-86. The clerks of the village are named as folloAvs: B. C. Follett, 1873; H. M. Hall, 1874-75; J. M. LoAvman, 1876-81; G. C. Yan Osdell, 1S82-83; George Nowlan, 1884-86. The police magistrates Avere : 1875, Thomas M. Shallenberger ; 1876, Frank W. Fuller; 1877, Elisha Mosher, who died in March, 1881 ; 1882, H. W. Newland, and 1886, Charles A. Stauffer. The attorneys elected are named as follows; 1874, Miles A. Fuller; 1876, Martin Shallenberger; 1879, Miles A. Fuller; 1880, B. F. Thomp son ; 1883, James H. Miller; 1886, M. A. Fuller. In 1883, Gustave A. Lind Avas appointed fire superintendent, EdAvin Butler engineer and surveyor, and James H. Miller superintendent of cemetery. Benjamin Turner Avas appointed postmaster at Toulon in 1841 ; continued in 1845 under the Polk administration ; continued in 1849 under Zachary Taylor's commission ; in 1850, under Fillmore's admin istration, and under that of Franklin Pierce, 1853-57; under Bu chanan, until succeeded by Oliver Whitaker, and lastly, under Andrew Johnson. The name of Mr. Catterlin, of Catterlin & Pierce, appears as postmaster in 1850-52, succeeding John Smith. On February 10, 1863, OliA'er Whitaker Avas appointed postmaster, and held the office until October, 1866, when he was succeeded by Benjamin Turner. In 1869, Oliver White, noAv of Peoria, Avas appointed, vice Benjamin Turner. In January, 1882, the office Avas raised to a second class, Avith salary of $1,000. In July, 1883, G. A. Thomas resigned as post master, Avhen Frank W. Lyons AA'as appointed. The rank of the office Avas reduced, and up to July 1, 1886, Avas ranked at fourth rate, but Avas raised to a presidential office that day. On April 9, 1885, J. Knox Hall Avas commissioned postmaster. On April 26, 1883, a tele phone Avas placed in the office, connecting Toulon with Wyoming and other towns. TOULON TOWNSHIP. 265 It is stated that during Taylor's administration, one John Smith, of the firm of Smith & Dunn, was appointed postmaster. The neAV officer did not appear to suit all people, so that, through the influence of Benjamin Turner, Martin Shallenberger and Abram Lincoln, Joseph Catterlin was appointed in his place. This Catterlin is said to have been a centennarian when he died at KeAvanee. The old building on the west side of the square, which sheltered the Sentinel office from the south wind, Avith the lot on which it stood, was purchased in June, 1886, from the Geisenheyner estate, by Hop kins Shivvers for $150. The editor of the Sentinel gives the folloAving history of it: "The frame was built in the year of 1843 by Eugenius Frum, at a point about four miles southeast of here, on the Solomon Wilkinson farm, called Moulton, the contemplated county-seat, but Toulon, being an aspirant, gained the point, Avhen the frame Avas moved on its present site, and shortly afterward was bought and finished up by Benjamin Turner, and stocked up with goods by Mr. Culbertson, Avho, for three months, carried on the mercantile business, when Mr. Turner sold it to Samuel Beatty, who brought on a stock of goods and continued the business until about 1849, when Catterlin & Pierce became proprietors, and built an addition on the west side, Avhere they lived. They also engaged in merchandising, and about 1850 Father Catterlin was appointed postmaster, and for about two years the postoffice was here. A few years later, it Avas purchased by Herman Geisenheyner, who converted it into a tin shop and hardAvare store, and occupied it for a number of years, Avhen it was abandoned for more commodious quarters. For some time Hiram Willett occu pied it for a hardAvare store, after which it-was used for a store-room, but for the last ten years it has been without an occupant, and counted an 'eye-sore' to the place, and gradually going down, but the hard wood of which it Avas constructed yielded slowly to the elements tend ing to ruin and decay. During the campaign of 1884, an attempt was made to utilize it for a bonfire, Avhen the west end Avas torn doAvn and the proceedings stopped. On July 2, 1886, the underpinning was knocked out and a slight push brought it crashing to the ground. Mr. Shivvers says the first class-meeting he attended in this country was in this building." In November, 1886, the council considered the question of purchasing this and adjoining lots for a park; but the question Avas negatived, and at once the old cheese factory Avas moved thereon for Yeterinary -surgeon Edwards, to be used as a horse in firmary. In 1857, Dewey & Nowlan, Stone & Shook, and John Culbertson were the principal dealers. The latter's store stood where the Method ist parsonage now is. Herman Geisenheyner's hardware was in the old house just torn doivn, Avhile Miss C. Donavan carried on the mill inery business. In 1858, this lady moved her stock to the east side of the square. W. M. Miner was county agent for Gibb's patent sewing- machine. Smith & Dunn Avere old-time dry goods merchants, carrying on trade in the house noAv occupied as a millinery by the Misses Wol- gamood, which in early years stood where Starrett Bros, dry goods house now is. 16 266 HISTORY OF STAEK COUNTY'. While referring to the old traders of Toulon, it is well to give the following abstract of Herman Geisenheyner's day-book for part of January, 1856. The orthography is Geisenheyner's own : Jan. 1. H. Roths, paid by cash $10 " " Boath of Emery, groceries. 1 65 " " By cash to-day 44 15 " 2. Wm. Adkins, mending coal hod ,.. 15 " " M. Nolon, mending 1 sifter. 50 " Boath of Howard, 25 bushels coal " " Emry paid by cash 5 00 " " Brinkerhoff, 1 coal hod and tea-pot 1 50 " " Baptist church, 1 coal hod. 1 50 " By cash today 5 15 " 3 Couwerthwete, balance on a coal cooking stove 20 00 " " Arnold, paid by cash 29 33 " " Paid by cash to Loven Wood, 12 00 4 David Lowman, mending a milk strainer 15 " " Send by mail to Vincent Howard & Co., Chicago. 100 00 " "By cash to Thomas White. . 50 00 " "By cash today 6 20 Jan. 5 John Beerfeeld, balance to a coal cooking stove 10 00 " District school house, 1 large coal stove, "Salamander" 16 00 " Theodor Trimmer, paid by cash 5 00 " W. Lowman, paid by cash.. 15 60 " Theodor Trimmer, 1 coal hod 1 00 " Boath of Emery, tea and candles 60 ' ' I. Pix, paid in cash 7 00 " Dacorate pen man, 1 coal stove 7 50 " Dr. Hall, stove-pipe 3 50 " By cash today 40 10 7. By cash, from the Baptist church 46 00 " Dr. Chamberlin, mending. . 18 " J. G. Hewitt, join pipe and elbow and household. ... 4 67 9. Collins paid by settlement. 4 90 11. Fifty bushel of coal from Howard Among his other customers during this month were George Jame son, William Sweet, Samuel Thomas, Lasher or Larker, the coal miner at Wyoming, S. Shaw, Joseph Reidd, — . Annis, — . Biers, Elias Roof, Jackson Lorenz,. Oliver Whitaker, Martin Shallenberger, — . Shurz, John Culbertson, and Starrett. The old store-keeper is said to have known exactly what his own entries meant, even if others could not understand them. The John Miller cabin stood close by, or on the spot Avhere Legg built his residence, noAv the home of Dr. Bacmeister. This cabin was moved near the present office of the News, Avhere Norman Butler had his blacksmith shop, Avas occupied by Charles Johnson in 1847, and subsequently converted into a coal house by Norman Butler. The first hotel Avas conducted by Benjamin Turner in a house moved to the northAvest corner of the square, the same in which Augur, Shurtz, Bradley and others, used as a store in later years. Mr. Tur ner kept a dry goods store in the front part of his hotel. Alexander Abel kept a tavern on the site of the Yirginia House. It Avas one of the real-old-time taverns. Here also Charles White kept a grocery, the same Avho for some years carried on that business in a house which stood Avhere P. M. Blair's residence noAV is. B. A. Hall, conducted a taArern and hotel in the brick house on Main street, noAv the residence of James NoAvlan. William Rose also carried on the same business here. The house was built by John Karr, now of Missouri. The Yirginia house Avas established by the late Mr. Cooley, in 1849, on the site of Abel's Tavern. Many additions were made to this TOULON TOWNSHIP. 267 house, and up to 1873, it was the leading hotel of the count)', and is still a well conducted house. The Follett House was erected in 1873, by Mr. Stockner, and was knoAvn as the Stockner House until 1882, Avhen the property Avas pur chased by B. C. Follett, the house remodeled, and the name of the new owner conferred on it. For some years a large saloon business was carried on in the basement of this house, but on the neAV proprie tor taking possession, this department Avas closed up and converted into a store-room. The house enjoys a large trade, both on account of its position and the popularity of the proprietor. As early as 1832, milling facilities, though of a very primitive char acter, Avere brought Avithin easy distance of the f eAv settlers then in the county. Nine years later the second dAvelling was established on the site of Toulon, so that there did not exist a demand for a manufactur ing concern here then, nor indeed for some years later. In 1849, Jeff rey Cooley opened the first modern hotel, doing away at once with the old-time tavern. (In 1859 the name " Yirginia House," was conferred on this hotel.) Stores were then carried on here, one or tAvo being pioneer concerns; the blacksmith and Avagon shop Avas also here. In January, 1856, an extensive wagon factory Avas started by II. White & Co. In December, 1863, John Culbertson completed his steam mill under the supervision of Elder Wright. The Rice carding mill was put up in the summer of 1865. DeAvey & Lowman, merchants and bankers added a story to their building in the fall of 1865. C. E. Harrington erected a two-story store, P. & J. NoAvlan erected a large business house on the site of their old store, and C. J. Robins built a cottage, east of the depot ground. Seth Rockwell, and T. Thornton also built this year. A meeting to consider ways and means for establishing a Avoolen factory at lx>ulon was held February 10, 1866. James Woods pre sided, with Wm. NoAvlan, secretary. Andrew Oliver, J. H. Quinn and I. L. Newman reported favorably on promises of subscriptions. On August 3, 1867, a well Avritten notice of the enterprise of Cul bertson, Scofield & Baldwin appeared in the Stark county Democrat. At that time their new woolen mills were in operation. A cheese manufacturing company was organized December 22, 1874, with a capital of $5,000. The manufacture of cheese was com menced May 10, 1875, and closed for the winter, October 23 of the same year. During this first season there Avere 420,616 pounds of milk purchased, from which 41,800 pounds of cheese were manufac tured, at a cost of $4,850.74 for milk and labor. The cost of buildings and machinery was $3,500. On January 15, 1885, this old cheese factory at Toulon AA'as opened as a skating rink by Knocke Bros. In November, 1886, itAvas moved to the west side of the public square. The beginning of the banking business of Toulon may be credited to John Culbertson, who, in connection Avith his extensive business, carried on a real estate and loan office in such a manner as to extend to his neighbors and customers many facilities. Samuel M. Dewey, also one of the leading merchants, Avas equally accommodating, so 268 HISTORY' OF STAKK COUNTY. that prior to the establishment of a regular system of banking, money could be purchased at the ruling rate of interest. The bank of Toulon or Small & Walley's bank, was established in 1860. Benjamin Lom bard Avas the actual owner. Georgia and Carolina bonds formed the security for their issue of bills so that in closing here only the holders of such" bills lost to the extent of 25 per cent. In the spring of 1865 Messrs. Dewey & Lowman offered United States notes of the $230,- 000,000 7-30 loan for sale. In December, 1865, Messrs. Dewey & Lowman established a banking house. Mr. Dewey died in the fall of 1866, and the banking and mercantile departments were carried on under the title of Burge & Dewey until 1859, when Samuel Burge purchased the interests of the Dewey estate, and in the spring of 1870 gave his attention exclusively to banking. In 1879 Charles P. DeAvey Avas admitted into partnership, the firm title now being " Burge & Dewey." For some years D. J. Walker held the position of cashier, George Nowlan succeeding him. For over tAventy-one years this house has held its position among the most solid banking houses in the State. The opening of the R. I. & P. R. R. was celebrated in a peculiarly happy manner by Charles Myers, who shipped the first load of grain from Toulon, April 1, 1871, to John A. Maxfield. He erected a large elevator in 1872, and later erected the residence noAv owned by P. P. Johnson, had his office under a cottonwood tree, Avhich stood near the depot, and carried his books in his vest pocket. A second grain ware house has been added and the modern methods and extensive business of Levi Silliman have taken their place. Patrick Nowlan Avas super ceded as station agent by King Matthews of Rock Island in Septem ber, 1878. King Matthews commenced railroading on a R. I. &. St. L. construction train in 1870, served as freight conductor there, and in 1878 was appointed agent at Toulon, Avherehe served until July, 1882, when he moved to Fulton county, 111. On May 1, 18S4, Station Agent RockAvell resigned his position and Avas succeeded b}r Presley Greena- Avalt. Mr. Stickney, the present agent, is a son of Elder Stickney, an old settler of the county. The office ranks among the first on the road, and is among the first in the matter of its administration. The leading business houses of Toulon comprise the banking house of Burge & Dewey, Charles M. SAvank, George S. LaAvrence, Charles Price, Starrett Bros., L. Watson es Son, Christy '& Rist, W. S. Merri man, Pierce Bros., Davis & Fell, merchants ; Levi Silliman, grain and lumber merchant ; L. & It. Wolgamood, Mrs. SAveeden, and A. N. Prout, milliners ; Carl Lehman, G. S. LaAvrence, H. Stanley, W. White & Co., carriage and ivagon factories ; Carlin & Sickles, cigar manufac turers ; J. EdAvards, veterinary surgeon ; Stephen Deaver, Avoolen mills ; Norman E. Pomeroy, Joseph Walther, A. Sundquist, furniture dealers ; J. Walther, cabinet maker ; John D Pierson, James Price, Robert Price, harness makers ; S. J. Connelly, W. A. NeAvton, meat market ; James P. Headley, brick manufacturer ; D. S. HeAvitt, jeAveler ; P. P. Johnson, nurseryman ; George Martin, fruit grower and ice dealer; William Mason, sorghum manufacturer and apiarist ; C. W. Teeter and W. C. Wall, druggists ; A. F. Stickney, TOULON TOWNSHIP. , ' 269 railroad, telegraph and express agent ; William Yerfuss, bakery and restaurant ; EdAvin Butler and Gus Hulsizer, neAVspaper and job offices ; Oliver Whitaker, insurance and pension agent ; G. C. Yan Osdell, photographer, news agent, and justice of the peace ; B. C. Follett, proprietor of Follett House ; Cooley & Sexsmith, Yirginia House ; William S. Templeton, house-mover ; Frank Hook and Bruce & Sellon, livery ; W. W. Williams & Son, Robins, Colburn & Son, and D. Beers, carpenters ; Peter Custer, Richard Hoadley, C. Bradley, Carl Lehman, W. White, blacksmiths. Methodist Church. — The beginnings of the church are referred to in the history of Wyoming. In 1841 a class was formed just south of Toulon, with Caleb B. Flint, leader. In 1842, John Prior's log cabin was the headquarters. Four years later a class was formed at Toulon and a quarterly meeting held at Samuel Beatty's house, with A. E. Phelps, presidnig ; John G. Whitcomb, P. O; George C. Holmes, Ct. P.; W. C. Cummings, assistant ; John Cummings, Jonathan Hodgson, P. J. Anshutz, C. Bostwick and Jonas J. Hedstrom, L. P.; David Essex, Wesley Blake and A. Oziah, exhorlers ; Isaac Thomas, William Hall, Samuel Halstead, J. Hazen, I. Berry, W. M. Pratt, J. H. Wilbur, and C. Yocum, leaders and stewards. This class won many additions during the following five years, from 1851-52 we find it mentioned as Joseph Catterlin's class, Avith place of meeting at Samuel Beatty's house. Among the members Avere the leader and his wife, Caleb B. Flint, Joseph Essex, Andrew Swarts, Charles M. Johnson, Samuel Beatty, John H. Smith, Joseph R. Riddle, J. C. Cowperthwaite, and their wives. Others belonging at that time were : Ruth White, Mary Shull, Martha Pierce, Rachel and Eliza Catterlin, Rebecca Ring, Eliza, Eveline and Sarah Armstrong, Sarah A. Shockley, Jane Flint, Jane Whitaker, Susan Jones, Mary J. and Lydia Lazenby, Rachel Cox, Peter Wilson, Morrow P. Armstrong, Davis LoAvman, Ignatius Beaver and Joseph L. Flint. Hopkins Shivvers was subsequently a member of this class, joining in 1853. The subject of church building Avas discussed June 2, 1853, Rev. C. Lazenbee, presiding, with S. Beatty, -secretary. Joseph Catterlin, Joseph H. Riddle, Charles N. Johnson, Bushrod Tapp and Samuel Beatty were chosen trustees, and empoAvered to build a church, and later, W. F. Thomas and T. J. Wright were appointed a building com mittee. Within a year a frame building was erected at a cost of $2,000, which continued in use down to December 6, 1885, when the last ser vices were held therein. The following record of pastors is taken from Mr. Hulsizer's history of 1885 : " FolloAving Rev. Lazenbee was Rev. Murch, then E. Ransom, in 1856, with A. J. Jones, assistant ; A. Hep perly, in 1858 ; J. Mathews, with C. W. Pollard, assistant, in 1859 ; W. J. Smith, with D. S. Main, assistant, 1860-61 ; A. C. Price, 1862- 63 ; D. M. Hill, 1864-65. During the last year of Rev. Hill's work, now about eleven years since the church was built, it was found necessary to repair it, and five hundred dollars were expended in fix ing it up. W. J. Beck Avas the pastor in 1866 ; B. C. Dennis, in 1867 ; G. W. Gue, in 1868-69-70 ; W. J. Beck, in 1871 ; A. Bower, in 1872- 73; B. Kauffman, in 1S74; W. Watson, in 1875-76. During the last 270 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. year's Avork of Rev. Watson, it Avas again thought to be needful that the church be repaired, and in accordance thereAvith, five hundred dol lars were again expended in fixing it up. W. B. Caruthers was the pastor in 1877; D. T. Wilson, 1878-79; D. G. Stouffer, 1880-81-82; T. J. Wood, 1883 ; W. W. Carr, October 1, 1884 ; moved to Cambridge, October 26, 1886. On Mr. Carr coming here he failed not to state that the old church was very much behind the times, and at once took steps toward build ing a neAv one. In May, 1885, he reported a subscription of about $4,000 readv, Avhen the board of trustees, consisting of H. Shivvers, W. B. Nelson, J. DeMuth, Dr. T. Bacmeister, .Martin Rist, O. Brace, D. Tinlin, J. B. Cooley, and W. A. Newton, Avere duly authorized to procure a lot on the corner of Main and Henderson streets, and proceed to erect thereon, of brick, a new Methodist Episcopal church, the entire cost not to exceed $5,500. A building committee, consisting of Rev. W. W. Carr, Dr. T. Bacmeister, D. Tinlin and O. Brace, Avas appointed, and the Avork entered into at once. About July 15, the contract Avas let to T. M. Mercer, of Astoria, and on July 27, 1885, the first brick was placed. The corner-stone was placed August 6, 1885, which, hoAV- ever, was removed in September, to give place to a more substantial one. On the first occasion a subscription was taken up for the pur chase of a bell. Mrs. Jennie E. Stouffer contributed seven verses to aid this cause, one of which reads : I'm a fine church bell with a silvery tongue, And high in the belfry I want to be hung, Of the new M. E. church in Toulon. I'm here at the foundry awaiting your call, Will come in a hurry and hope to suit all The good people who live in Toulon. The bell was first tolled here, October 29, 1885, and before the close of the year the last services Avere held in the old house of 1853. The secretaries of conference since 1867, are named as follows : Davis LoAvman, 1867; G. L. Smith, 1868; Davis Lowman, 1868-70; J. G. Armstrong, 1870; Davis Lowman, 1871 ; B. G. Hall, 1S72 ; D. Loav- man, 1873 ; B. G. Hall, 1877 ; J. C. Cowpertlrwaite, 1878 ; B. G. Hall, 1879; D. S. Wilson, 1880; D. R. Tinlin, 1880, and Gus Hulsizer, 1881- 86. In 1867 Toulon charge embraced Starwano and Rising Sun. Congregational Church. — The beginnings of this church enter very fully into the personal history of Rev. S. G. Wright. He was born in Hanover, N. J., in 1809, settled with his wife in Fulton county in 1832, where he engaged in agriculture for a time, and then attended Lane Seminary. In 1841, the Home Missionary Society commissioned him to labor in Stark county, and he took up his residence at Niggers' Point, also known as the Webster Settlement, in West Jersey tOAvnship. He preached at Lafayette, Wyoming, Osceola, Wall's School House, Moul ton, at Hugh Rhodes' and Nicholson's houses, at Walnut Creek, Yic- toria, Henderson and Wethersfield. In January, 1842, he preached at Toulon, within the court house, just then completed, and with one ex ception, held services every month thereafter for some time. The Mor mons Avorked hard against him, calling him an "abolitionist," and " nig- TOULON TOWNSHIP. 271 ger stealer." He outlived this opposition, and on November 29, 1846, he and Rev. L. II. Parker organized the first orthodox Congregational church of Toulon. He Avas identified Avith this society until December, 1854. Writing from Brookville, Kan., December 7, 1882, to his friends at Toulon, he saj's : * * * * Thirty-three years ago this month, the writer went round Toulon with a subscription paper to collect funds for building the house in which you have so long Avorshipped. On Jan uary 14, 1850, he Avent to Wethersfield, to view the new church there. On July 4 he went to Henry county to learn could lumber be got there, and five days later he Avent thither Avith Joseph Perry to conclude the purchase of lumber. On the 18th he borrowed $700 from a Fulton county man, and a feAv days later, Avith James M. Flint, selected the lumber and held himself responsible for $130.65. During September he drummed up hands to quarry and haul rock, and also teams to haul lumber from Henry. He, Avith Joseph Perry, worked several days in the quarry, and in loading and teaming. In May, 1851, he procured glass, in June, a lightning rod, and in September, hauled sand for plas tering. On September 21, 1851 (the Universalists occupied the court house), he extemporized seats and Avorshipped in the church for the first time. On February 8, the first sermon Avas preached in it. Jonathan Blanchard, D. D., dedicated the house April 17, 1852. In the folio av ing summary of the Avell-kept records of this church, few, if any, names connected Avith it, escape mention : On November 29, 1846, a meeting of Congregationalists was held at Toulon, Rev. L. H. Parker and S. G. Wright attending. At this meeting a society was organized under the title "First Orthodox Congregational Church of Toulon," with the folloAving named members : Jonathan and Hannah Rhodes, Hugh and Julia Rhodes, all by letter from the Presbyterian church at Lafayette ; Mrs. Eliza Rhodes, from the Wesleyan church of Knox county ; Giles C. Dana, by letter from M. E. church, and Mary A. Dana, from the Main street church, Peoria ; Sophronia E. Rhodes and Franklin Ehodes. In March, 1847, there Avere admitted, Mrs. Ma tilda Hall, Miss Eliza Jane Hall, Orrin and Sarah Rhodes, Robert and Sarah Nicholson, John and Mary Pollock, from the Presbyterian church at Lafayette, and Mrs. Jane Bradley, from the Presbyterian church in Ireland. In May, 1847, Hugh Rhodes Avas delegate to the Central Asso ciation, and Jonathan Rhodes was delegate in the fall of that year. In April, 1848, George and Ann Bradley, from the Presbyterian church in Ireland, were received, and Mrs. Eliza Jane Flint from the church at Knoxville. In June, 1818, Samuel G. and Minerva Wright, Edward P. Wright and Susan Durand Avere received from the Spoon River Presby terian Church. At this time Plugh Rhodes, Joseph K. NeAvton and Giles C. Dana Avere elected deacons and S. G. Wright clerk. In July Mrs. C. M. S. Lyon (S. E. Rhodes) joined the Spoon River church. In 1847 Mr. Wright was chosen pastor, Hugh Rhodes and Giles C. Dana deacons and Hugh Rhodes clerk. In July, 1849, Chas. Flint was added to the board of deacons, and the same month Hannah Rhodes died. The trustees elected in September were Norman Butler, Joseph Perry and James M. Flint. Eliza Jane Flint died October 12, 1851. On November 1 W. W. and Ann Matilda Wright were received from the church of 272 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Canton. About this time services Avere held in the Temperance hall (which Avas destroyed in the fire of 1877), after its removal to the pub lic square. In March, 1852, the meeting house was completed. In May, Nehemiah Wyckoff, AA'ife and son were received from the Spoon River church. In fact, at every meeting there were candidates for ad mission from foreign and local churches. In 1852 William Wilberforce Wright was added to the board of deacons. In the fall of 1853 several persons were received, while one at least,' retired on the principle that she was not a Pedo Baptist. In December Joseph Perry, Norman Butler and James M. Flint were elected trustees and W. W. Wright clerk. Rev. Wright Avas asked to take half time from his church at Lafayette in the interest of the Toulon church. In January, 1854, S. M. Dewey was clerk of the church, succeeding Rev. S. G. Wright. In June a resolution against countenancing the users of intoxicants in pnblic or private, and in September the celebrated anti-slavery resolu tions Avere adopted. In December the question of Rev. S. G. Wright's resignation and the calling of Rev. R. C. Dunn Avas before the church. In January, 1855, Mr. Dunn was called to preach here. Mr. Wright was never installed, but he was considered pastor since its organization. In February the trustees Avere reelected, and Joseph Blanchard and George W. Dewey added to the board of deacons. In December, 1855, Norman Butler, W. W. Wright and E. B. Starrett were elected trustees. At this time there were eighty- seven members enrolled. On January 14, 1857, Rev. R. C. Dunn was installed pastor. In the spring of 1858 many members were received, Messrs. Wright and Dunn holding the services. In 1859 the trustees and clerk were reelected. In 1860 J.oseph D. Rhodes took Mr. Starrett's place on the board, the other trustees and clerks being continued in 1861 and 1862. In 1863 George W. Dewey, S. M- Dewey and J. D. Rhodes were elected trus tees, and Joseph Blanchard and W. W. Wright deacons. In 1864, when Rev. R. C. Dunn was elected representative in the State Legisla ture, leave of absence was granted and his salary continued.. In 1865 Nelson Prout was chosen first-sexton of the church, the trustees were re-elected in 1866, and Joseph Perry and Joseph Blanchard chosen deacons and W. W. Wright delegate to Central West Association. S. M. DeAA'ey, clerk from 1854. died August 31, 1866. On October 5, 1867, Rev. R. L. McCord, Mrs. Helen McCord and Miss Belle Pierce Avere received, and in December D. Nicholson, George W. Dewey and J. D. Rhodes were elected trustees. The minutes were signed bv Samuel Burge as clerk for the first time August 3, 1866. In May, 1868, W. W. Wright Avas elected dele gate to the convention ; in December, the trustees were reelected, and Geo. W. DeAvey and Hugh Rhodes chosen deacons. In 1869, Joseph Perry was chosen deacon, the trustees reelected, and W. W. Wright secretary and treasurer vice Samuel Burge. In 1870, W. W. Wright, James M. Flint and NeAvton J. Smith were elected trustees. In 1871, Samuel Burge was chosen clerk vice W. W. Wright. The membership Avas 158, or tAvelve over the corresponding period of 1870. In 1872, Joseph Blanchard was chosen delegate, Geo. W. Dewey and Hugh Rhodes deacons, with Samuel Burge treasurer and secretary. In 1873 #¦ , ' (Mma^t JftyUTUd^ T0U10N TOWNSHIP. 275 Geo. W. Dewey was chosen delegate, Norman Butler deacon, vice Joseph Perry ; while in 1874, G. W. DeAvey Avas state delegate, and N. J. Smith district delegate. In 1875, Hugh Rhodes and Norman Butler were elected deacons ; in 1876, James M. Flint, took the place of Joseph Blanchard on the deacons' board ; and in March of this year, Allen P. Miller made the first entry as clerk of the church, Samuel Burge was elected treasurer and Messrs. Flint and Dewey deacons. In June, 1877, Willis C. DeAvey was ordained as a foreign missionary, and deacons Butler and Perry were reelected. In 1878, Samuel Burge was elected state delegate. On August 3, Rev. J. 0. Myers preached his first sermon here ; in October, Geo. W. Dewey was elected delegate to Cen. W. Association, and deacons Flint and Dewey Avere reelected deacons. In 1879 and 1880, Deacon Flint Avas chosen delegate and the deacons of 1878, reelected. In 1881, A. P. Miller was elected treasurer and reelected clerk. In 1881, E. A. Burge, Norman Butler, and D. Murchison, were chosen deacons. In July, 1882, James H. Miller and R. J. Dickinson were appointed to committees to inquire into the cost of building a new church or repairing the old one. Their report in favor of a new building was approved. On July 22, A. P. Miller re ported favorably on the subject of raising funds, and the trustees with James M. Flint, L. W. Williams, A. P. Miller and Geo. W. Dewey, Avere appointed a building committee. On August 8, t\venty-one votes were cast for building on the site of the old church and five in favor of a new site. The building com mittee was instructed to dispose of the old church ; Geo. W. Dewey was elected delegate to the C. W. Association. On October 15, the old church was sold to Chas. S. Payne for $175, and on the 15th the last services were held therein, when it was moved to Wyoming. In December, 1882, John F. Rhodes, Chas. P. Dewey and D. J. Walker, the trustees, were continued in office, and E. B. Starrett, James Nichol son and Willis C. Dewey, continued on the finance committee. On May 23, 1883, letters of dismission and recommendation were granted to Rev. J. C. Myers and wife. In July, Rev. S. W. Dickinson Avas called, but declined. In September, Rev. W. R. Butcher, and in November, Rev. Samuel J. Rogers were called, the latter accepted. The first services in the new church, Avere those attending the funeral of Mrs. Norman Butler, conducted by Rev. D. J. Stouffer, of the M. E. Church. Rev. W. Rogers held the first regular service November 18, 1883, and preached his first sermon here that day. In December, 1883, D. Murchison, W. W. Wright and Norman Butler, were elected deacons. On January 3, 1884, the new church Avas dedicated by the neAV pastor, A. P. Miller, rendering the account of the building committee, showing $5,352.61 paid out and $4,121.65 received, leaving a balance of $1,230.96 due. In May, Geo. W. Dewey Avas appointed delegate, and in December, E. B. Starrett, C. P. Devvey and James Nicholson Avere chosen trustees. In 1885, James M. Flint was delegate, the trustees were reelected, and also the deacons of 1883. W. W. Wright and Willis C. DeAvey Avere chosen delegates in 1886. 276 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. On May 22, Rev. Samuel J. Rogers resigned, and on the 23d, a call Avas extended to Rev. J. H. Dixon, Avhich was accepted. The number received into the church since its organization is 443, the great majority of whom have died or removed. The choir of the Congregational church requires some mention. In earlier years Mr. Baldwin, Hugh Drummond, John Fuller, Carrie Gardner and Hannah Whitaker were the principal singers. In the old church, now the Opera House of Wyoming, BaldAvin led the music until succeeded by Donaldson. In 1857 old time custom disappeared and a neAV choir was organized, with E. P. Wright leader and flutist ; Eliza and Minnie Wright, Harriet, Rebecca and Robert Dewey, Mary, Elizabeth and H. B. Perry, and Abbie Gardner vocalists. In later years neAV names appear, such as Mary Curtis, Carrie Burge, Harriet, Achsah and John F. Rhodes, Miss Bixby, C. M. Wood, Wright Dewey, Caroline, Jane and Mary Beers ; Benjamin Williams, Anna Prout, Belle Pierce, Hattie Phelps, Mary and Delphine Whitaker, and Samuel Burge, George A. Clifford, Benjamin Williams and James A. Hender son were sometimes present as vocalists. A parlor organ was subse quently purchased from S. G. Wright for $35, at which Miss Eliza Wright presided. She was succeeded by Miss Hattie Phelps, and she by Miss Harriet Dewey. H. B. Perry succeeded Mr. Wright as leader. Seven members served in the army, one of whom was killed — Robert Dewey. After the war N. J. Smith was leader. One by one the old members left, and now the old organization holds a majority of new members, among whom were Tilhe and Pauline Shallenberger, Lou Flint, Mrs. Lawrence, D. J. Walker, Mary and Ida Mosher, Mrs. Ida Sweedeen, R. J. Dickinson, Edith Dickinson, Bird Thornton, Clyde Lyon, William Dewey, Adna Smith and others. Mrs. Allie Burge, Mrs. Mary Wright, Lou Flint and Carrie Burge presided at the organ in the order of their names. Baptist Church. — The first meeting to organize was held May 13, 1848, at the house of S. W. Eastman. Elisha Gill presided, with W. M. Miner clerk. The following named persons signed the articles: Elder Elisha Gill, Elder J. M. Stickney, Ozias Winter, Harry T. Ives, Abigail Gill, Cynthia K. Stickney, Flelen Winter, Hannah Parrish, Susan M. Eastman, Mrs. H. T. Ives and Mrs. Sarah Chamberlain. In January, 1847, Elder Stickney arrived here from Rochester, Wis., and preached at Fahrenheit (then the name of the Miner settlement, north west one and one-half miles of Minott Silliman's residence), in widow Miner's house. Among the members of the Fahrenheit church were Hays, Wm. and Mrs. Miner, Charles H. Miner and wife, Selden Miner and wife, Mrs. Parrish, Elisha Gill and wife, J. M. Stickney and wife, and Susan M. Eastman. This Fahrenheit church was the first Baptist society in the county, subsequently moved to Lafayette, and some joined this church at Toulon. In June, 1848, Elders Gill, Stick ney and II. T. Ives Avere chosen delegates to the Illinois River Associa tion. Elder Stickney was clerk, succeeded by W. T. Bly in June, 1848. Rev. C. E. Tinker and Elder Gardner presided here at the council of recognition in this month. In July Ozias Winter was appointed clerk. Mrs. Catherine Buchanan joined the church in 1848, also Geo. TOULON TOAVNSHIP. 277 W. ( Buchanan and Martha Merchant Avere baptized, and Lucretia Rouse, Thos. Godfrey and wife, Hugh Y. Godfrey, Armina and Eliza beth Godfrey Avere received by letter. In 1849 Mary Winn Avas received. In 1850 Elder Gross, who succeeded Mr. Stickney, in August, 1851, came here and preached at intervals. The Colburns, Gardners, Whiffens, Parmelia Barton, Belshers, Baldwins, and Nelsons Avere received in 1850-1. During the revival of November, 1851, John and Pleasant Culbertson, W. B. Sweet, and a number of others were received, Rev. Barry assisting. Up to this time meetings Avere gener ally held at the court house, until January 29, 1854, when the com pleted church held services at the time and place announced for Bap tist services. In 1852, Benj. and Hannah Packer Avere received, also Catherine Whitaker. In July, 1852, S. W. Eastman and L. E. Miner Avere elected deacons. In October the first meeting to discuss the question of building a meeting house was held, and the pastor asked to confer with J. C. Yan Osdell, architect, of Chicago, regarding plans, etc. Eastman, Sweet and Jones were appointed a committee on sub scription in toAvn, and H. T. Ives, Benj. Packer and Ephriam Colburn in the country. In December, 1852, Culbertson, Ives and Eastman Avere appointed to select a site, and the same month Wheeler B. Sweet, Oliver Whitaker, Wm. Ogle, H. T. Ives and John Culbertson Avere elected trustees. In March, 1853, a plan of building, prepared by the trustees, was adopted. In April, 1854, John Berfield succeeded O. Gardner as clerk, and for some time meetings Avere held at the house of Robert Robb. In 1855 Elder Gross resigned. The church was dedicated in April, 1855. In July that year Rev. C. Brinkerhoff came and served here until January, 1858. In August, 1858, Elder Myron H. Negus was called — about a year after the appointment of Robert Robb as clerk. On July 10, 1859, Rev. Wm. Leggett was called. In July, 1861, E. M. Gallup was chosen clerk, and in November, 1861, Rev. A. J. Wright was pastor. During Mr. Leggett's pastorate a revival was held here, in which Rev. Louis Raymoncl, now of Chicago, assisted. In November, 1863, John H. Stickney was elected clerk. He AA'as succeeded in December, 1864, by Robert Robb. Elder E., P. Barker was called in March, 1866. In February, 1867, J. H. Stickney was reelected clerk. Elder Estee succeeded Mr. Barker, and after six months Elder Dodge came as supply. In 1868 H. Willett Avas ap pointed clerk. About this time Elder Thomas Bodley preached here. On February 29, 1868, a resolution (dealing Avith the difficulties in the church), called for the transfer of all property and the trustees, to be held for a neAV organization. Early in the summer of 1863 Rev. S. A. Estee returned and preached here. On July 8, 1868, a number of the feAv remaining members of the first church assembled, Avith S. A. Estee moderator and acting clerk. Seven resolutions, of a conciliatory char acter, were adopted, dealing with the case of Reverends Estee and Barker. In August, 1868, Rev. S. Brimhall Avas called, and on Janu ary 1, 1870, he Avas elected trustee, vice John Culbertson, deceased. On April 8, 1871, Elder Stickney AA'as recalled as pastor and clerk, and served until September, 1S73. In May 1875, Elder L. D. GoAven's name appears for the first time. 278 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. He was here also in 1876 until succeeded by Elder J. C. Hart, who was here when this old church consolidated with branch or new church, Avhich had its meeting-house on Main street. The members who signed the constitution of the consolidated churches in September, 1877, are named as folio avs: Abram Bowers and wife, Mrs. Martha Berfield, Mrs. Harriet Blair, Andrew Baldwin, Julia Baldwin, Sarah Berfield, Eliza Beers, Albert Bowers and wife, S. B. Barton, Mrs. Polly Crandle, Mrs. Mary Crumb, Miss Charlotte Cross, Mrs. Emma Cooley, Margaret Conover, Mrs. Celestine Dack, S. W. Eastman, Mrs. Martha Eastman, H. Y. and Flenry S. and Miss E. and Miss Isabelle Godfrey, Maggie Greer, Mrs. A. Gill, Flora Gill, Clarence Guire, John E. and L. D. and Mrs. A. M. Gowin ; Luther, Abba, Avery and Kate Geer ; Ellen, Frances, Lucy and Mrs. Hickson, Mrs. A. House, J. C. Hart and wife, Harriet Hall, Minerva Lyon, Car oline Lyon, Jenny Lyon and Modella Lyon, S. W. and Sarah Mering, Nancy Mote, Martha Perry, Mrs. Louisa Phillips, Benjamin, jr., Mrs. Hannah Mortimer, Charles and Miss C. Packer, Bethuel, Mrs. Regina and Mrs. Caroline Pierson, Mrs. C. Pliter, Mrs. L. Rennick, Mrs. J. Rankin, John Riggs, Miss N. Remington, and Mary Robb, Mrs. Sim merman, Mary Sarah Shockley, Mrs. Lettie Silliman and Sarah Silli man, John H. Stickney, Mrs. C. K. Stickney, Mrs. Esther A. Smith, Mrs. Ester Twiss, Mary Twiss, Mrs. E. J. Treat, Owen Thomas and Mrs. Sarah Thomas, G. C. Van Osdell, Mrs. C. A. Yan Osdell, Mary Willett, Nancy White, Elisabeth White, Joseph Weed, N. F. Wy- nans. Sarah Wynans, Miss Laura Wise, Frank Williams and wife, Jacob Wagner and wife, Mrs. John O. Weed, Sarah Weed, Mrs. Charlotte Woods, Mrs. Nancy E. Walling, Rose Whitivell, Mary Winn. On September 21, 1877, a meeting Avas held to consider the ques tion of consolidating the two Baptist churches of Toulon, under the title, " The Baptist Church of Toulon." Squire Yan Osdell presided H. Y. Godfrey, clerk. The question was decided affirmatively, and B. Packer, S. W. Eastman, N. F. Wynans, OAven Thomas and H. Y. Godfrey were elected trustees. In October Benjamin Packer Avas chosen treasurer, solicitor and collector ; John O. Weed, sexton, and Messrs. B. Packer, Geer, Eastman and Williamson, deacons. At this meeting a resolution to sell the frame church on Main street, and hold the brick house for worship was carried. In November, 1877, Rev. A. C. Keen Avas called as pastor at an annual salary of $700. In December, James M. Stickney, Benjamin Packer and N. F. Wynans were appointed delegates to the conference at Farmington. In this month also the trustees purchased the Otis Dyer property for a par sonage. In April, 1878, the Main street church was sold for $1700, one-half cash and balance standing out at ten per cent. In 1878 the ladies of this church supplied dinner at the Stark county fair grounds, realizing $303.13 less $152 expenses. Dr. A. E. Baldwin became a member. In June, 1879, Rev. B. F. Colwell was called as pastor. In January, 1880, Mortimer Packer was chosen collector, vice B. Packer. In October, 1880, Rev. B. F. Cohvell resigned. In February, 1881. J. M. Stickney filled the pulpit, and during this month H. Y. Godfrey TOULON TOWNSHIP. 279 was chosen solicitor and collector. Dr. II. L. Pratt's name appears on the minutes about this time. In October, 1881, Rev. E. C. Cady, ac cepted a call as pastor and commenced to labor here November 1, that year. In September, 1882, M. A. Packer succeeded H. Y. God frey as church clerk. In 1884 AndreAV F. Stickney and Avife were admitted to membership by letter from Wyoming. In October, 1884, Rev. Mr. Cady resigned; Elder Stickney Avas pulpit supply for three and one-half months. In June, 1885, Rev. E. W. Hicks accepted a call, and in January, 1886, E. B. Packer Avas elected clerk. Almost from the beginning of the church in this county to the present time Elder Stickney has proA'en himself loyal to his faith by Avork and example. Only a few years ago he donated $2,500 toward the sup port of his church in this county. There have been 183 admissions by letter and otherAvise since the re-organization of the Baptist society in 1877. BetAveen the secession and consolidation the Sunday school Avas maintained by Mrs. S. K. Stickney, Avho Avas also clerk in 1876 and 1877, or before consolidation. Indeed to her is due in greater measure the present happy condition of the society. The Second Baptist Church may be said to have been organized March 4, 1868, and to have continued in existence until September, 1877. From 1858 to 1868 the question of title to church property led to disagreements, and ultimately to the formation of the Second society. In March, 1868, a neAV society was organized, and a house of worship erected the same year at a cost of $2,372. Elders W. A. Welsher, Gowan, Negus, Hart and Yan Osdell were the leading preachers. Among the leading members Avere Stephen W., Mrs. M., Miss Eliza and Miss Celestia Eastman, A. F. Stickney, Luther Geer, H. Y. Godfrey, Benjamin Packer and Avife, Abram, Mrs. C. and Miss Lettie and Miss Martha BoAvers, Mrs, C. Lyon and Miss M. Henry, Otis Dyer, L. Clark, Julius Ives and Hiram Willett, the latter losing felloAvship in 1870 because he " could no longer conscientiously main tain and indorse the articles of faith as interpreted by the church." The consolidation of the old and neAV churches in 1877 healed up all contentions, and the building and lots were sold to the Catholic con gregation. The Christian Church was organized in the old court house, July 15, 1849, Avith the following named members ; Elijah McClenahan, Sarah McClenahan, Edward Wilson, Martha J. Wilson, James Bates, Henry SAveet, David McCance and Mary J. McCance. In 1855 the present house of worship, on Washington street, just north of the opera house, Avas erected, and with the lot, cost about $5,000. This is a plain brick structure, old English in style, Avell furnished, and in all respects well adapted to its uses. The names of pastors from beingning are : Edward Wilson, M. P. King, A. G. Lucas, Charles Berry, S. C. Humphrey, A. P. Aten, James Darsee J. Y. Beekman, Wm. Lloyd, L. B. Ames, Geo. K. Berry and J. P. Davis. In the summer of 1886 the church was without a regular pastor, but services were duty held. The secretaries or clerks of the church in order of election, Avere : E. K. Wilson, DaA'icl McCance and W. G. Bradley. S. E. Callison, is the present clerk. The property of the society is valued at $4,500 and the 280 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. number of members placed at sixty-five. Prior to the opening of their house of worship, the Court House Avas extensively used by this church. The Catholic Church of Toulon, though modern in the ownership of church building, dates back to 1840 for its beginning in the imme diate neighborhood, for then the Nowlans and Drinnins settled here and the services of the church were held occasionally at their houses. Prior to 1867 mass was said at verv irregular intervals in private houses. Among these Avere Michael Nowlan's, Barney Frail's, Jacob Emery's, (Avhose wife Avas a Catholic) Owen Denny's, and perhaps some others in Stark county, and Patrick Cavanagh's at Wethersfield, and later in Davis and Rhodes' Hall, Mrs. Wolgamood's house and James Nowlan's house. The priests Avho attended here were first from Peoria; afterward Lacon. From Peoria the first Avas Fr. Rowe, then Fr. DreAv, then Fr. Ranaldi. From Lacon, Fr. Lynch. Fr. Powers, Fr. Delahunty, Fr. Kilkenny. Those Avho attended mass here in the early days AArere mostly families named aboAre. The names of principal heads of families noAv belonging are William P. Caverly, John O'Neill, Michael N. Denny, John Brady, Daniel Wol- gamood, Michael Flynn, James Graham, John Hagerty, Ellen S. Now lan, Joseph Nortmann, Peter O'Neill, Peter Pauli, Jacob Herberger, Mary Peters, Patrick Smith, James Burns, Peter O. Olsen, James Brady, Henry Nowlan, Mary Neal, Thomas Carlin, William Nowlan, John Kirley. From 1867 the priests Avho attended Toulon Avere : from KeAvanee, tAvo Fathers Ryan ; from Princeville, Father John Moore, 1877; from Wataga, Fathers Ryan, P. A. McGair and M. F. Fallihee ; from Bradford, Father Moynihan ; from Brimfield, Fathers Flynn, Ryan and Moore ; from Bradford, Father Delbarre ; from Keivanee, Fathers McCartney, Devaney, and at present, Father Burke. On December 30, 1877 Rev. John Moore held services in the Second Baptist Church, which was purchased from the Baptists, March 1, 1878. The congregation oAvns the building and lots and is, in fact, clear of every indebtedness. Universalist Church. — Rev. R. M. Bartlett held services in the Masonic and Odd-FelloAvs Hall at Toulon in the Avinter of 1860 and 1861. Prior to this time ministers of the denomination held services here and continued so to do at intervals until 1873. Sabbath-Schools date back to the beginning of the Congrega- tionalist church here, but not as a regularly organized body. Samuel Burge, in his reminiscences states that his recollections make the summer of 1854 the initial point, for at that time he attended a Union Methodist-Congregational school in the church of the last-named society — "a house surrounded by a dense hazel thicket, and underneath the building, Avhich rested on piers, the town-hogs sought shade from the sun." The Union Question Book Avas then used. The Bible-class selected their oAvn lessons independent of the rest of the school. The Congregational and Methodist, Union separated on the completion of the latter's church, and the former's school Avas organized, Avith Mr. Wright superintendent, avIio served until 1861, Avhen he entered the army. lie fell in the Union cause; S. M. DeAA'ey succeeded, serA'ing until his death in 1*66, except for one year. Judge Wright presided TOULON TOWNSHIP. 281 from 1866 to 1868 and in 1870. Samuel Burge served from 1868 to 1879, except in 1870, Rev. R. L. McCord teaching the Bible-class. In 1880 J. F. Rhodes Avas superintendent, then E. A. Burge and again John F. Rhodes. In the case of the Baptist church the existence of the Sun day-school during the troubles in that church is due in great part to Mrs. J. M. Stickney. Schools of Toulon. — The school history of the township embraces almost the entire history of this district up to 1861. In 1843 a com mon school Avas presided over by Miss Elizabeth Buswell, Avhile a select school was taught by Miss Susan, daughter of Elder Gill, both held in the old court house. Miss Booth also taught in a house Avest of Oliver Whitaker's late residence then belonging to Royal Arnold, Avhile the Eioneer laAvyer, W. W. Drummond, conducted a school in his OAvn ouse. The first school-house was the " Old Brick," erected by order of the commissioners, and the first teacher, T. J. Henderson. In 1849 Miss Booth conducted the summer school in the building, Avhile Miss Bayce presi led over a private school in the old Masonic Hall, near the Methodist church. In the former chapter reference is made to the seminary. In March, 1850, the commissioners passed the folloAving resolution : " This day came Samuel G. Wright, Samuel Beatty and Oliver Whit aker, a committee appointed in December, 1849, in relation to the building of a female seminary, and presented their report, together Avith a plan of said seminary, Avhich report Avas accepted. Where upon it is ordered that the committee proceed to receive sub scriptions toAvard building said seminary. And it is further considered, that whereas the funds noAv on hand, arising from sale of lots in Tou lon ($630) are insufficient to build a female seminary Avithout the aid of individual subscriptions, and whereas there is an unAvillingness on the part of the people to subscribe toAvard the erection of said semi nary, without it can be used for the education of males as well as females, it is ordered that said committee proceed to build said semi nary according to the plan presented by them, for the accommodation of both males and females." This building was completed, and N. F. Atkins and Mrs. Atkins taught there, with the permission of the com missioners. In December, 1856, District school No. 1, at Toulon AA'as taught by Charles Myers, avIio received $30 per month for instructing seventy- eight pupils. Miss E. J. Creighton AA'as assistant. At this time the senior boys and girls attended the seminary. During the previous summer, Oliver White and Miss Hubbard Avere the teachers. Union District school ivas presided over in February, 1856, by J. E. Hickok, AA'ho received $20 per month and board. There Avere fifty-six pupils enrolled, but only eighteen present. There Avas no chair to be seen here at this time. In 1857 a Avriting school Avas conducted at Toulon by H. L. Bailey. On May, 20th, that year, specimens of his pupils' work Avere submitted to a committee comprising Thomas Hall, Charles Myers and Nelson F. Atkins, who indorsed his method of instruction and testified to marked improvement in the writing of the pupils, par ticularly that of Isabella Pierce. 282 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. In the fall of 1858 the school house on Soap Hill and that west of the fair grounds, were completed. Wm. Campbell became principal of Toulon seminary in September, 1858. In March, 1859, Isaac C. Reed and Oliver Whitaker, school directors, announced that Mr. Car- S enter's school, or District No. 1, would embrace all Toulon, south of lain and west of Olive, and also the senior male pupils of the whole toAvn. It was also announced that Mrs. Burge would commence school in the seminary, March 16th, taking in all between Main and Thomas streets, except the senior male pupils. Miss Mary Perry opened a select school here in June, 1860. Prior to that she Avas teacher of what was knoAvn as the "Fair-ground" school. In October, 1861 Oliver Whitaker and Branson Lowman resigned as school directors, when Davis Lowman and Warham Mordoff Avere elected. They, with J. C. Reed, formed the board. In March 1862, Joshua Thorp proposed to teach the high school for $30 per month, on condition that he be authorized to employ a female assistant. Ellen King was engaged as teacher in the brick schoolhouse and Mary Whita ker in the Fai-r-ground school. Mr. Thorp presided over the seminary from October, 1861 to February 1862, Avith Mary Perry assistant. Olive Decker taught at Soap Hill, Elizabeth Marvin and Mary Beatty assistants in the brick school. During the Avar it appears there Avere no records kept beyond the ordinary cash book. The schools, hoAvever, Avere regularly carried on, several teachers' names appearing. In April 1886, Patrick Nowlan was appointed clerk of board, vice Oliver White, resigned, and subsequently elected for three years. S. M. DeAvey took Amos P. Gill's place, and on September 1866, David Tinlin Avas chosen, vice S. M. Dewey, deceased. B. G. Hall Avas princi pal of the seminary from April 1866 ; Mrs. P. 0. Hall in the grammar department, Miss S. A. Beatty in brick school, Miss C. Robinson in Fair ground school, Miss E. S. Tilden at Soap Hill. In August 1867, forty- seven votes Ave re recorded for and fifteen against the purchase of the seminary from the county. Calvin Eastman was elected a director in August, 1868, John Berfield in April, 1869, Benjamin Turner in 1870. In September, 1870, Robert Blackwell, principal, with Charles Myers, Anna G. Murphy, Sarah Berfield, Fanny Young, Ruth Thomas presided in the schools of Toulon. Stephen Lloyd, director in 1871, and James M. BroAvn in 1872. In April of- this year it was resolved to erect a new school-building, and on August 10 an election was held to consider the question of building a $15,000 house. In July Frank MattheAVS Avas chosen principal. The question of building Avas decided by sixty- five votes for, nine contra. The school census of the district taken in 1872 shoAved the population to be 1,040. In February 1875, the neAV school-building was completed and opened. Frank Matthews, Manning Hall, Sarah Berfield, Pauline Shallenberger and Kate Keffer were the teachers. In 1878 Benjamin Turner Avas a director and clerk. In 1879, David J. Walker was elected director and clerk vice Benjamin Turner ; in 1880, Caleb M.S. Lyon; in 1881, Theodore Bacmeister; in 1882, Allen P. Miller; in 1*83, Gus. Hulsizer Avas chosen director, Allen P. Miller being clerk in 1883, 1884 and 1885. In 1885 Gus. Hulsizer was chosen TOULON TOAVNSHIP. 283 clerk. Warren Williams Avas elected director in 1884 ; Jeremiah Lyon, and James Nowlan, in 1885, and James NoAvlan director and clerk, in 1886. The records point out the name of Samuel Burge as treasurer from 1880 to the present time. In July, 1881, Frank S. Rosseter was engaged as principal of the schools at $1,000 per year of eight or nine months, with Miss Amy Reed, assistant. R. J. Dickenson, Sarah Ber field, Mary Christy and Marian Starrett were also employed — the first named in the grammar school. In February, 1883, Mr. Rosseter re signed, and in March Edgar P. Hawes took charge, but moved to Arkansas shortly after. In May, 1883, Edmund C. Barto was appoint ed principal at $900 per annum. Prof. E. C. Barto resigned May 8, 1884, when Miss Amy Reed Avas appointed to fill his term. At this time Amy Reed, Alice Cowles, Mary Christy, Mirriam Starrett, Adna T. Smith, Avith Mr. Barto, formed the teaching staff. In 1884 Hamil ton Rennick and Cora Keffer were added to the staff. The enrollment Avas 220. At this time, also, the academical board, with John F. Rhodes, Orlando Brace, Samuel Burge, H. Miner and T. Bacmeister operated with the district board. In May, 1884, J. W. Stephens Avas engaged as principal at $1,000 per annum; Miss M. Y. Neale, teacher in "NeAV Grade," Mrs. Hel en Middlekauf assisted in High School, and Miss M. A. Lyon, vice Miss Starrett, resigned. In May, 1885, a petition of 50 citizens was pre sented, asking that J. W. Stephens be retained as principal. There is no further record relating to changes at this time, with the exception of Mr. Broomall's name appearing as principal in a record of meeting ¦ held August 6, 1885, although his appointment dates from June 3, 1885. The names of Hattie Byatt and Dora Plighter appear as teach ers under date October, 1885. H. W. Newland has served the district as school janitor almost from the date of the establishment of this office. In 1885 the directors Avere, Warren Williams, Jeremiah Lyon and James NoAvlan. The corps of teachers Avas made up as folio avs: High School, J. H. Broomall, principal, Miss Amy Reed, as sistant ; second grammar department, J. H. Rennick ; first grammar department, Miss Maided Lyon ; intermediate department, Miss Hattie Byatt ; second primary department, Miss Dora Pliter, and first primary department, Miss Mary Christy. The statistics of Toulon High School for year ending June, 1886, show 25 male and 42 female pupils, of whom 18 male and 20 female pupils were in. their first year ; 5 males and 10 females in their second year, and 2 males and 12 females in their third year of studies. The highest monthly salary paid Avas $112.50. The classes formed in Sep tember, 1886, are, Rhetoric, 12 scholars ; Grammar, 16 ; Aritninetic, 38; Geography, 16; Physical Geography, 16; U. S. History, 18; Al gebra, 5 ; Natural Philosophy, 17 ; Botany, 3 ; First Lesson in Latin, 2 ; Caesar, 3 ; sandwiched Avith Reading, Writing and Spelling. Geom etry, of Avhich there 6 scholars ; Physiology, 8 ; Bookkeeping, 8 ; His tory and Zoology, will be taken up and finished during the year. The Toulon Academy was opened October 12, 1883, with J. W. Stephens, of Eldora, la., principal, Rev. D. G. Stouffer, draAving mas ter, Miss May Cady, music, and Gus Hulsizer, penmanship. This 17 284 HISTORY' OF STARK COUNTY. school Avas designed to offer a course of study, Avhich Avas not provided for in the curriculum of the High School at that time. Among the original supporters of this academy were, J. F. Rhodes, Sarah A. Cham berlain, J. A. Henderson, B. F. Thompson, B. C. Follett, Harrison Miner, AndreAv Oliver, Callison & NeAvton, C. M. SAvank, R. H. Mc- Keighan, T. Bacmeister, Wells White, A. P. Miller, W. T. Hall, Chas. P. Dewey, D. S. Hewitt, G. W. Dewey, sr., S. J. Connelly, W. W. Wright, D. J. Davis., Gus Hulsizer, S. K. Conover, Miles A. Fuller, R. J. Dickenson, Starrett Bros., John H. Ogle, S. M. Adams, Samuel Burge, Orlando Brace, J. M. Brown, Robert Armstrong, Geo. Arm strong, James H. Miller, Abel Armstrong and J. H. Quinn. The acad emy meets the expectations of its originators, and continues to afford facilities for acquiring a good knowledge of the arts and sciences, — a practical, commercial or literary education. The following is the acad emical board of trustees elected in August, 1886: Dr. Bacmeister, Sam uel Burge, J. F. Rhodes, Robert Armstrong and E. B. Starrett. Secret Societies. — Toulon lodge, No. 93, A. F. and A. M., was chartered October 10, 1850, Avith W. W. Drummond, William Rose, Orin Maxfield, Ellison Annis, Henry Butler, William A. Reed and Samuel Thomas, with the three first named W. M., S. W., and J. W., respectively. Among the old members the name of Benjamin Turner must be mentioned. In NoA'ember, 1850, the first charter election Avas held, Avhen the folloAving-named officers Avere chosen : William F. Thomas, treasurer; T. J. Henderson, secretary; William A. Reed, S. D. ; General Samuel Thomas, J. D. ; Simon S. Heller, S. S. ; Thomas J. Wright, J. S. ; C. F. White, Tyler. The masters of the lodge, suc ceeding W. W. Drummond in the order of service, Avere William B. Smith, Alexander Moncrief, Thomas J. Henderson, James A. Hender son. Elisha Greenfield, George Bradley, Martin Shallenberger, George A. LoAvman, and Levi Silliman. Since the destruction of the masonic hall, charter and records, May 17, 1877, the folio Aving masters have been elected: E. Greenfield, 1877; Levi Silliman, 1878; B. F. Thomp son, 1879-81; E. Greenfield, 1881; B. F. Thompson, 1882; Levi Silli man, 1883-86; and J. Knox Hall, 1886-88. The secretaries during the time have been D. Tinlin, 1877; Charles Myers, 1878-80; I. N. Wade, 1880; B. F. Thompson, 1881; P. M. Blair, 1882; Henry M. Hall, 1883-85 ; Robert Fell, 1887. The other officers for 1887 are Col- burn J. Robins, S. W. ; W. F. Young, vice John W. Morrison, J. W. ; John A. Slocum, treasurer ; Levi Silliman, S. D. ; Knox Keffer, J. D. ; D. M. Hill, C; Henry A. Brainard, Tyler; Col. William Jackson, S. SteAvard, John A. Maxfield, J. SteAvard. The record of members gives the folloAving names : James G. Armstrong, W. B. Armstrong, Milton M. Adams, George Bradley, W. G. Bradley, Daniel M. Beers, Theo. Bacmeister, John Black, Mel ville A. Bass, P. M. Blair, II. A. Brainard, William Chamberlain, James Culbertson, James Cinnamon, William Cinnamon, D. J. Davis, James W. Dexter, D. Fast, Jr., Alex. Y. Fuller, Chancey D. Fuller, Robert Fell, Oliver Frame, Herman Geisenheyner, David Guyre, Elisha Greenfield, George Green, B. G. Hall, Henry M. Hall, Henry O. Jackson, HaA'ilah B. Johnson, William Lowman, George A. Low- TOULON TOAVNSHIP. 285 man, James K. P. Lowman, C. M. S. Lyon, Elias Lyon, George S. LaAvrence, Gus. A. Lindbloom, Charles McComsey, James Montooth, John A. Maxfield, Charles Myers, John Moore, I. L. Newman, W. B. Nelson, William Ogle, M. Shallenberger, John H. Ogle, Colburn J. Robins, T. M. Shallenberger, Wheeler B. Sweet, Levi Silliman, Benja min Turner, Bushrod Tapp, Samuel Thomas, David Tinlin, James M. Tate, Thomas S. Wright, George H. White, Benjamin Whitwell, Jacob Walther, John A. Colthar, W. F. Johnson, R. J. Curtiss, W. P. Gulick, Charles Thorpe, Thorpe Dwight, George C. Maxfield, Jesse Likens, Charles L. Lame, Charles Atherton, John Hepperly, John' Webber, W. A. Reed, James Kerns, John C. Eckley, Robert A. Turn- bull. Dana H. Maxfield, William N. BroAvn, Simeon Hall, John H. Funk, A. W. AtAvood, John N. Davis, John H. Funk, S. P. Jackson, A. C. Bradley, S. J. Connelly. Eastern Star Chapter, No. 10, Avas chartered October 2, 1877, Avith the folio Aving members : Sisters — E. L. LoAvman, Diantha Green, Lucy Green, Anne Bradley, R. S. Turner, Sarah Turner, A. R. Curtiss, Anne Thomas, Martha Myers, S. M. Keffer, S. E. Fraser, S. M. Robins, Sarah Guyre, Florence Guyre, A. E. LaAvrence, Minerva Lyon, Cynthia Rose, L. Guyre, Effie Lyon, L. A. Mercer, Kate Keffer, Ada Johnson, A. Lukens, Flora Cinnamon, M. R. Bradley, Clara Guyre, Jane Maxfield, M. Montieth, L. Fast. Brothers — William Lowman. John Green, J. K. P. LoAvman, G. S. LaAvrence, George Bradley,- Benjamin Turner, R. J. Curtiss, Samuel Thomas, S. A. Lowman, Charles Myers, George Green, James Fraser, John Black, David Guyre, C. Robins, Elias Lyon, W. F. Johnson, Levi Silliman, J. A. Maxfield, James Cinnamon and James Montooth. The organization, chartered February 17, 1871, the records of Avhich Avere destroyed in the fire of 1877, claimed the greater number of this membership. Stark Lodge, No. 96, I. O. O. F., Avas organized November 8, 1851, under charter of October 17, 1851, with Amos P. Gill, Oliver Whita ker, Thomas J. Wright, Alexander Moncrief and William Clark mem bers, with A. Moncrief, Y. G., and Oliver Whitaker, R. S. From 1862 to April, 1866, the lodge Avas suspended. The record of membership is as fol lows: Alexander Moncrieff, Amos P. Gill, d., Oliver Whitaker, Thomas J. Wright, all P. G.'s ; William Clark, Benjamin Turner, C. R. Mor ton, W. B. Sweet, S., J. W. Henderson, C. L. Eastman, S., W. F. Thomas, d., George A. Clifford, S., d., Peter Fast, d., M. P. Armstrong, Thomas J. Henderson, P. G., William Chamberlain, d., P. G., for years treasurer of the lodge, William Lowman, P. G., J. A. Cooley, Cyril Ward, T. W. Newland, John A. Williams, P. L. N. Duston, Samuel M. DeAvey, W. H. Shugart, P. G., Abram Smith, Josiah Fast, Edgar Cod ding, Samuel S. Kaysbeir, P. G., Robert F. llenry, Robert Winter, N. Schumick, W. B. Armstrong, Daniel M. Beers, Cyrus Siveet, P. G., Clinton Fuller, John J. Boyd, J. A. Pratt, John Garrett, Jr., T. D. Fitch, Charles G. Beamont, Ralph E. Tenney, G. N. Palmer, David Whiffen, Edward Keffer, d., P. G., Allien M. Pinney, E. Pinney, Stephen N. Fezzler, W. A. Sweet, P. G., Allen Cross, Robert Robb, P. G., Adonijah Taylor, James Culbertson, R. G. William, Wm. I. Shirts, P. G., A. M. Black, O. W. Negus, Syl. McKenzie, Nelson Prout, John 2S6 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY'. » Sloctim, P. G., Stacy CopperthAvaite, P. G., Jos. Robb, John Black, S., Jos. Shallenberger, W. R. Legg, P. G., Wm. Harper, C. F. Jackson, H. A. Holts, John Hawks, Isaac N. Kidd, N. M. Whiffen, C. W. Brown, H. W. NeAvland, Benj. F. Fuller, Jas. A. Newland, S., Laton Lyon, P. G., O. C. GrisAvold, H. B. Wells, Clark NeAvcomer, Addison Edwards, Martin Kern, John Jackson, Carlos B. Thorpe, F. D. Hotchkiss, Nathan Langford, John J. Pollok, S.; Zach. Shugart; Fred. Russell, Charles Rhodes, Hugh Stockner, Thomas D. Swan, Elias Stockner, Robert Woods, Charles McCumsey, James H. Quinn, James Gillen, Stephen D. Breese, Allen C. CopperthAvaite, William Baldwin, John EA'ans, Cyrus N. Schofield, John W. Morrison, William C. NeAv- mire, Henry Staufer, Harrod Murnan, Milton Headley, B. C. Dennis, Benjamin G. Yule, Robert Holmes, Henry Jones, Thomas DoAvney, William C. Burdett, Warren Williams, Val.B. Thornton, P. G.; Samuel J. Connelly, Josiah Higgins, Abner J. Sturm, William Holgate, W. A. Welcher, William "S. Templeton, Y G.; Peter Lane, David Crum, M. Milton Adams, Julius Ives, Patrick H. Woods, LeAvis W. Williams, John G. Robertson, Richard Hoaclley, Jerrv D. Woods, Jos. Smethurst, F. B. Little A. D. Brodhead, C. D. Ward, Samuel M. Adams, S.; William Headley, Cyrus Bocock, Alexander R. Hepperly, Stephen W. Maring, John M. BroAvn, Benjamin C. Follett, Amos G. Goodheart, C. E. Harrington, John 0. LaAvrence, James Kernes, D. S. FleAvitt, P. G.; M. W. Benjamin, A. Christie. Robert J. Dickinson, William Sourk, Stephen Leaver, Charles E. Stone, Daniel Wol- gamood, Russell Carr, P. G.; Alva Lliggins, Thomas J. Likens, Charles R. Carr, Lloyd CraAvford, Anton Sundquist, George McKeighan, W. W. Rhodes, S.; S. A. Miller, John E. Smith, R. O. Phillips, Alex. Headley, John W. Cisney, George F. Wise, Almeron N. Llarris, Geo. R. Sisna, W. H. BroAvn, M. A. Dougherty, Stewart Moore, Oliver White, Charles A. Norholm, William F. Thatcher, Andre at Galbraith, Hugh Gal braith, Nelson J. Olson, Perry J. Nelson, Dennis Lee, Benjamin WhitAvell, Henry M. Hall, Leroy F. Morrison (Idaho), George E. Carr, Gustave E. Peterson, W. S. Carver, S.; Benjamin J. Perry, W. Anson McCance, William. F. Templeton, John F. Barton, Gaspar J. Maxfield, William R. Bennett, W. A. Fell, David J. Walker, P. G.; Robert, C. Wright, James M. Lowman, Fred. A. Jackson, William H. Sturm, James Sturm, J. P. Headley, Matthew McKeeghen, Chancy R. Miner, Charles H. Christie, George A. Thomas, S ; A. Baldwin, S.; John Hook, Orlando Bruce, Joseph H. Drinnin, HoAvard Stanley, P. G.; Laton D. Maxfield, George Starritt, Elisha II. Phelps, R. B. Rhodes, Kensley MattheAv, Frank S Rosseter, John W. White, George W. Moffat, David M. Flora, John Stires, YA H. Stires, Winfield W. Fuller, C. F. Jackson, 0. S. Bristol, Eli Emerv, G. H. Beaumond, Simeon E. Callison, Dr. Ii. L. Pratt, Y. B. Ingrain, T. H. Maxfield, P. G.; C. A. Johnson, Gus. Hulsizer, J. C. Perry, F. B. Hallock, F. W. Waddell, George C. Yan Osdell, Eugene Rose, D. G. Stouffer, Bethuel Pierson, S.; J. F. Wacldell, F. W. Lyon, George E. DoAvnend, Thomas H. Carlin, S.; John W. Scott, William F. Newland, Nathan D. Maxfield, W. A. Newton, Martin B. DoAvnend, James II. Rennick, AVilliam W. Fox, Norimm E. Pomeroy, Alex. J. Forbes, John P. Toulon township. 287 Williams, Dr. Lemuel L. Long. W. T. Lloyd, Charles W. Kellogg, John Hanna, Frank J. Marlatt, Charles Myers (Peoria), John A. Williams, Wallace W. Carr, W. H. Sexsmith, Edward Sellon, William H. Bartram. The actual active membership is 76. Rebekah Degree, Star Lodge, No. 110, was instituted February 16, 1882, by Grand Secretary N. C. Nason, of Peoria, as G. M.; U. H. Brown, P. G., of Lafayette, as D. G. M.; P. G. Cruchfield, of Wood- hull, G. Sec; P. G. Franks, of Peoria, G. Treas.; P. G. Greibell, of Peoria, G. Sent. After the lodge was instituted the following officers were elected and installed : D. S. HeAvitt, N. G.; Mrs. Y. B. Thorn ton, Y. G.; J. M. Brown, Sec; Mrs. Stanley, Fin. Sec; Mrs. D. Chamberlain, Treas. Temperance Work. — The Washingtonian Temperance Society was organized in 1845, and for a few years did very effective work. The Sons of Temperance was chartered in February, 184S, Avith the folloAving members : John W. Henderson, Martin Shallenberger, Benj. Turner, Patrick M. Blair, Thomas J. Henderson, Ira Ward, sr., Wheeler B. Sweet, Ohwer Whitaker, W. W. Drummond, Simon S. Heller, John A. Williams, Ira Ward, jr., and Sam'l G. Butler. In 1848-9, this asso: ciation erected a hall, Avhich was subsequently owned by the Masonic body, just north of the old M. E. Church. The public good effected by this organization is incalculable. Through association drunkards were reclaimed ; moral lepers cured ; but an .ultra element grew up within it, introduced politics, destroyed its usefulness, and ultimately killed the lodge itself. Arthur Lodge, No. 454, I. O. G. T., Avas chartered in October, 1863, Avith the following named members : Amos P. Gill, Patrick Nowlan, Mary P. Nowlan, Delphine Whitaker, Mary E. Beatty, Mrs. M. A! Myers, Mrs. E. S. Fuller, Charles Myers, Samuel Burge, John D. Walker, S. S. Kaysbier, Wm. LoAvman, M. A. Fuller and A. C. Price. Division No. 3 Sons of Teniperance, Avas organized March 17, 1875, Avith Levi Silliman presiding. Oliver Whitaker, Oliver White, Mrs. Mary Merriman, Frank Eastman, H. Y. Godfrey, Orlando Brace, R. H. Price, Manning Hall, and other members of the former Good Templars lodge, belonging. The I. O. (?. T. organized a lodge at Toulon in February, 1880, with 42 members. The officers in order of rank were: A. P. Miller, Robert Fell, Miss Effie Lyon, Elder Berry, F. S. Rosseter, Mrs. A. P. Miller, King MattheAvs and R. H. Price. Women's Christian Temperance Union is noticed further on. Earnest Lodge, No. 191, 1. 0. G. T., Avas organized at the Methodist Church, Toulon, March 4, 1886. J. M. French presided, Avith Gus. Hulsizer. secretary. The permanent officers elected, Avere A. F. Stick ney, W. C. T. ; Mrs. Mary Lake, W. Y. T. ; P. P. Johnson, W. T. ; Gus. Hulsizer, W. S. ; Robert Fell, W. F. S. ; Chas. Eicholz, W. M. ; Rev. W. W. Carr, W. P. W. C. T. ; C. W. Hall, W. L. S. ; I. N. Wit ter, W. C. ; Miss May Smith, W. I. G. ; Will Newton, W. O. S. The name of the lodge Avas suggested by C. W. Hall. The signers of the Setition for a charter were: Eva Turner, Sarah Bennett, M. L. IcClenahan, Cora Headley, David Johnson, S. R. Blackner, Cora 288 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Edwards, L. Edwards, Alice EcLvards, Austin and Wm. Eyck, Peter F. Brady, R. Fell. Mrs. Lake, Ed. NeAvland, Samuel Johnson, Oscar Hendley, C. D. Ward, Ella Bennett, Chas. W. Eicholz, Wm. Hogle, Wells White, G. Crafford, P. P. Johnson, Bertie Hall, C. B. and Harry Hall, Mrs. A. Hall, H. Foglesong, Andrew Whitaker, A. L. and P. A. Johnson, J. W. Plumber, J. H. and C. W. Hall, John East man, A. F. Stickney, Mrs. L. A. Brainard, Bell Adams, Mabel Fell, W. A. Newton, Gus. Hulsizer, Isaac M. and Etta Witter, Minnie Blust, W. W. Carr, A. Christy, May Smith and Anina McConisey. Many of all who signed the petition did not become members, but in March, 1886, others were admitted, among Avhom were Emma and Plessie Follett, Percy Rennick, John Geer, S. J. Sharp, Geo. Walker, Geo. Grim and Fanny Thorp. TF W. Wright Post — No. 327, G. A. R., was chartered August 20, 1883. The original members are the first tAventy-five on record, name, nati\re state, date of enlistment, rank, company and regiment, and term of service being given : John M. Brown, Va., Oct. 1, lc61, Sergt., Co. K, 47 111. Inf., 3 yrs., promoted Capt. Orlando Brace, 111.. Sept. 10, 1862, private, Co. A, 124 111. Inf., 3TV yrs., promoted corporal, wounded at Spanish Fort. George H. Martin, N. T., Oct. 1, 1861, private, Co. K, 47 111. Inf., until July, 1865. George H. Martin, N. Y., Oct. 1, 1861, 1st Lieut., Co. B, 7 111. Inf., to close of war. James Price, Ky., Aug. 21, 1862, private, Co. E, 83 111. Inf., 10 mos., dis. for dis. Bobert H. Price, 111., Aug. 21, 1862, private, Co. E, 83 111. Inf., 2 yrs. and 10 mos. Bobert J. Dickinson, N. Y., Sept. 5, 1862, private, Co. B, 127 111. Inf., 12i^ mos., wounded. William W. Wright, 111., June 1, 1864,, private, Co. H, 139 111. Inf., 5 mos., close of term. Andrew Galbraith, Pa., Aug. 18, 1862, marine artillery, disbanded. Andrew Galbraith. Pa., Aug. 18, 1862, U. S. navy, term expired. Andrew Galbraith, Pa., Feb. 24, 1865, 2d Lieut., Co. I, 151 111. Inf., 11 mos. Samuel M. Adams, O., Sept. 20, 1862, private, Co. F, 112 111. Inf , 2% yrs. Edwin Butler, 111., Sept. 20, 1862, sergeant, Co. F, 112 111. Inf., %% yrs. Austin C. Himes, Pa., Sept. 20, 1862, private, Co. F, 112 111. Inf., %% yrs. John F. Bhodes, 111., Sept. 20, 1862, corporal, Co. F, 112 111. Inf., 1 yr. and 10 mos., wounded. David Tinlin, Can., Sept. 20, 1862, private, Co. F, 112 111. Inf., 2 yrs. and 8 mos., dis. for dis. Jesse Likens, Pa., Aug. 15, 1862, private, Co. F, 112 111. Inf., transferred. Jesse Likens, Pa., Nov. 17, 1864, private, Co. K, 2d V. B. C, S1^ yrs., dis. for dis. Bradford F. Thompson, Me., Sept. 20, 1862, 1st Sergt., Co. B, 112 ill. Inf., 2% yrs., captured. Matthew H. Bounds, N. Y., Sept. 30, 1864, private, Co. B, 20 111. Inf., 9 mos. Gus. Hulsizer, N. J., May 31, 1864, private, Co. H, 134 111. Inf., 5 mos. Gus. Hulsizer, N. J., Feb. 27, 1865, private, Co. A, 32 111. Inf., 9 mos. Charles E. Shinn, 111., Sept. 2, 1861, private, Co. B, 33 111. Inf., 4 yrs. and 2 mos. Thomas Gemmell, 111., Aug. 29, 1861, private, Co. A, 30 111. Inf., 3 yrs. 11 mos. Bethuel Pierson, Pa., Feb. 7, 1865, private, Co. I, 151 111. Inf., ll-£ mos. W. F. Newland, Ind., Aug. 1863, private, Co. F, 79 Ind. Inf., 6 mos., dis. for dis. Daniel S. Hewitt, Pa., Feb. 26, 1864, private, Co. C, 1st Batt. M. M. James A. Henderson, Tenn., Feb. 1, 1865, private, Co. F, marine Art., 11 mos. William Hughes, Mich., Aug. 1S62, private, Co. I, 18 Mich. Inf. William Hughes, Mich., Nov. 1863, private, Co. D, 11 Mich. Cav. Henry B. Perry, W. Va., Sept. 20, 1862, corporal, Co. F, 112 111. Inf., 23i yrs. Ambler T. Massac, III, Aug. 20, 1864, private, Co. B, 29 111. Inf., 14U mos. Wm. H. Taylor, 111., May 1, 1861, private, Co. G, 8 Mo. Cav., 513^ mos. Chas. E. Hill, Va., Nov. 11, 1863, private, Co. I, 11 U. S. Col. Art., 23U mos James P. Headly, 111., Aug. 12, 1862, Co. F, 112 111. Inf., 34 months. David G. Stouffer, Pa., Aug. 8, 1862, Co. B, 127 Penn. Inf., 9 months. TOULON TOWNSHIP. 280 Darius Demunt, N. J., Aug. 12, 1862, Co. F, 112 111 Inf., 35 months. Darius Demunt, N. J., Aug. 30, 1863, V. B. Cav., 35 months. Willis Pierson, N. J., April, 1861, Co. C, 4 N. Y. Inf., 39 months Willis Pierson, N. J.. July, 1861, Co. C, 8 N. J. Inf.. 39 months. Samuel Burge, N. H., June 1, 1864, Co. H, 139 111. Vol., 5 months. Presly Thrill, 111., Aug. 12, 1862, Co. F. 112 111. Vol., 34 months. Joseph Fleming, N. Y., Aug. 12, 1862, Co. B, 112 111. Vol., 34 months. Louis C. Egbert, N. J., Sept. 17, 1861, Co. K, 47 111. Vol., 43 months. Louis C. Egbert, N. J., March 13, 1865, Co. E, 11 111. Cav., 43 months. Andrew Kamerer, N. Y., Aug. 12, 1862, Co. F, 112 111. Inf., 34 months. Wm. H. Little, N. J., Sept. 30, 1864, Co. I, 20 111. Vol., 3J^ months. Chas. W. Price, 1st Lieut., 111., June 30, 1862, Co. E, 71 111 Vol., 45% months. Chas. W. Price, 111., Feb. 29, 1864, Co. A, 77 111. Vol., 45* .i months. Chas. W. Price, 111., July 25, 1864, Co. I, 117 111. Vol., 451", months. Bartlett N. Fox, O., Oct. 15, 1861, Co. A, 2 Col. Inf., 36 months. William Newton, Eng., July 3, 1861, Co. B, 35 111. Vol., 53 months. William Newton, Eng., Dec. 3, 1862, Co. C, 4 U. S. Cav., 53 months. David Webster, 111., Aug. 14, 1862, Co. F, 112 111. Inf., 34 months. Joseph B. Witter, O., Sept. 17, 1861, Co. K, 47 111. Inf., 37 months. George P. Richer, O., June 12, 1861, Co. B, 19 111. Inf., 49 months. George P. Richer, O., Oct. 8, 1864, Co. K, 42 111. Inf., 49 months. AV. H. Scott, 111., May 14, 1864, Co. G, 132 111. Inf., 5 months. Robert Pyle, O., Dec. 7, 1861, Co. K, 4!7 111. Inf., 36 months. Melville A. Bass, N. Y., Aug. 19, 1862, Co. D, 4 N. Y. H. Art., 14 months. Thomas Flanagan, N. Y., Jan. 25, 1864, Co. H, 9 111. Cav., 21 months. Wm. D. James, Pa., Aug. 17, 1861, Co. C, 10 111. Inf., 25 months. Wm. D. James, Pa., Feb. 23, 1864, Co. C, 10 111. Inf., 25 months. John W. Morrison, Va., March 7, 1865, Co. K, 47 111. Inf., 10^ months. James Gelvin, vide Essex Tp. history. The pensioners residing at Toulon in November, 1883, Avere Saman tha Keffer, receiving $20 per month ; Sylvester Sweet, $8 ; Jesse Likens, $4 ; John Clark, $6 ; Matthew H. Rounds, $4 ; John Black burn, $24; Chas. E. Shinn, $8; R. J. Dickenson, $18; Orlando Brace, $18 ; J. F. Rhodes, $2.67; and James A. Henderson, $15. The latter iioav deceased. The first commander Avas John M. BroAvn, 1883-84, Avith Bradford F. Thompson, Adjutant. David Tinlin Avas elected commander for 18S5, with John M. BroAvn, adjutant. AndreAV Galbraith was elected commander in 1886, with David Tinlin adjutant. The officers of 1887 are, O. Brace, commander; D. S. HeAvitt, S. Y.; L. C. Egbert, J. Y.; Robert Pyle, S.; J. F. Rhodes, O; J. M. Brown, Q. M. T.; R. FI. Price, O. of D.; C. E. Shinn, O. of G.; B. F. Thompson, D. to S. E. The soldiers Avho died in the service are named as folloAvs Captain W. W. Wright, Olanss Forss and John L. Adams, 112th 111 vol. ; Capt. Benj. Williams, Co. G, 106th Regt. ; John S. Taylor, Co G, 42d Regt. ; Joseph W. Jamison, Co. K, 47th Regt. ; Geo. K. Prath er and Philip O. Faber, 9th 111. Cav.; John A. and Wm. N. Perry, Co B, 37th 111. Inf.; Murry Hotchkiss, 130th Ind. Inf. The names of sol diers buried here, who died since the close of the Avar are, Wm. Rounds and H. B. Johnson, Co. F, 112th 111. Inf.; Henry B. Dexter, Co. B, 37th 111. Inf.; Alex. Headley, Co. B, 7th 111. Inf.; Elisha, Mosher, Co. II, 139th 111. Inf.; Henry W. Thomas, Co. I, 151st Inf.; Wm. O. Johnson, Co. H, 139th Regt.; St. James A. Henderson, Co. K. 47th 111. Inft., and Nathaniel W. Dewey, Co. H, 139th LT. Inf. Sylvester SAveet, of the war of 1812, and Wm. Dunn, of the Mexican war, are also buried here in the Toulon cemetery. 290 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. In the Rhodes burying ground lie the remains of Cartlin Rhodes of the U. S. Marine Corps. Co. G, 111. N. G. was organized at Toulon in 1877. Literary, Debating and Mutual Societies. — The Lotus Club dates back to April, 1S74, when it was organized at the house of Martin Shallenberger. Its object, says Miss E. L. McKeighan, "Avas the mu tual improvement of its members, Avho Avere limited to twelve, but afterward extended to sixteen. The girls avIio signed the constitution and still retain their membership, though the most of them haAre changed their names, are : Ada Fuller, Tillie and Pauline Shallenber ger, now Mrs. Reagan ; Sarah Eastman, Sarah Silliman, Bell Godfrey, Kate Keffer, Kate Adams, Sophia Wright, Louisa Culbertson, who died seven years ago, Mary Davis, Ella Lowman, Jodie Jones, Mary Lyon, Nellie McKeighan and Effie Lyon. Meetings were regularly held for some time, but gradually lessened in number and interest until the club only existed in name. In September, 1884, during a visit of Mrs. Mary (Lyon) Hart, nine of the original members assembled and reorganized. At a reunion of the Lotus Club held in August, 1885, at the house of Miss Sarah Eastman, there were eight of the original club present, These were Mrs. Effie McKeighan, Mrs. Nellie Silliman, Mrs. Ada Ful ler, Mrs. Tillie Higgins, Mrs. Sophia Wright, Miss Sarah Silliman, Mrs. Belle Newland and Mrs. Sarah Eastman. The last named Avas elected president; Mrs. Higgins, vice-president; Mrs. McKeighan. secretary, and Miss Silliman, Treasurer. In September, 1886, the last meeting was held at the home of Mrs. Effie L. McKeighan, at Toulon. The Woman's Club of Toulon, successor to the Reading Circle, Dorcas Society, and other old-time literary associations, may be said to have been organized November 2, 1878. Mrs. Walker was chosen president. The original members were : Mrs. Benj. Turner, Mrs. Stella Walker, Mrs. Lois Baldwin, Mrs. H. M. Blair, Mrs. Thornion, Mrs. Carrie Rhodes, Mrs. Emily Hall, at Avhose house the first meeting Avas held, Mrs. , E. H. Shallen berger, who drafted the constitution, Miss Sarah Turner and Miss Sarah Berfield. Miss Martha Berfield was chosen an honorary member. The second meeting Avas held at Mrs. Turner's, and cele brated its first anniversary at the Opera House. The second anniver sary was observed at the Toulon House. Mrs. C. R. Rhodes was elected president in 1879-80, and Miss Lois Baldwin secretary. In 1880-1, Mrs. W. B. Nelson, president, and Miss Martha Berfield secre tary, Mrs. E. H. Shallenberger president and Miss Sarah A. Turner secretary, Mrs. R. A. Turner president and Mrs. Davis secretary; 1881-2, Mrs. Stella D. Walker president and Mrs. Harriet M. Blair secretary ; 1882, Mrs. Eliza Lyon president and Mrs. Anna K. Wright secretary ; Mrs. C. R. Rhodes president, Mrs. Lucy P. Smith president and Miss May Cady secretary ; 1883, Mrs. Kate' Geer president and Mrs. Eliza Davis secretarY, also Mrs. A. Johnson secretary ; Mrs. Mary Wright president, Mrs. Emily Hall secretary, Mrs. Davis president and Mrs. Mary Wright secretary. In 1884, Miss Nellie Wright presi dent, Miss Sarah Eastman secretary ; Mrs. R. A. Turner secretary and Mrs. Kate Geer secretary ; Miss Sarah Berfield president and Miss TOULON TOWNSHIP. 201 Cora B. Swank secretary ; 1885, Mrs. Stella. D. Walker president and Mrs. Harriett M. Blair secretary ; Mrs. Geer president, Mrs. C. II. Rhodes president and Mrs. Ruth A. Price secretary ; 1886, Mrs. Yan Osdell president and Dell A. Lyon secretary ; Mrs. N. J. Smith, Mrs. Emily Hall, Miss Cassie Dewey and Miss Sarah Berfield. The Woman's Christian Temperance Union was organized May 29, 188 . The delegates to the W. C. T. U. convention at Peoria in Octo ber, 1884, were Mrs. R. A. Turner, Mrs. S. A. Chamberlain and Mrs. R. A. Price, represented in convention by Mrs. R. A. Turner. In June, 1885, the representatives at the Canton convention were Mrs. R. A. Turner. Mrs. F. A. Godfrey and Mrs. S. D. Walker. In 1886 all the members represented this society at Toulon. The Farmington convention of the summer of 1886 claimed as representatives Mrs. A. W. Hicks, Mrs. S. A. Chamberlain and Mrs. R. A. Turner. The names of present mem bers are as follows: Madams R. A. Henderson, R. A. Turner, S. D. Walker, R. A. Price. L. Burge, C. J. Pliter, C. R. Rhodes, C. K. Stick ney, F. Godfrey, M. McClenahan, Mrs. Ste\rens, Mary Wright, Miss Sarah Turner, E. S. Lyon, Jennie Foster, Miss T. DeAvey, Mrs. D. W. DeAvey, Mrs. S. A. Chamberlain, Mrs. A. W. Hicks, Mrs. Brooks, Mrs. Flint and Mrs. John Smith. Mrs. R. A. Turner has presided since organization with Mrs. S. D. Walker corresponding secretary, Mrs. II. H. Price recording secretary and Mrs. H. M. Blair treasurer. The Y. M. C. A. of Toulon was organized March 23, 1885, Avith the folloAving named members: William A. DeAvey, C. N. Christy, Elmer Packer, E. B. Starrett, W. N. Starrett, F. W. Rhodes, Charles B. Hall, A. T. Smith, O. C. Starrett, J. M. Stanley, Frank Smith, F. B. Nichol son, C. A. Foster, James B. Mason, George Downend, C. W. Eicholz, Frank Rist, W. F. Nicholson and J. W. Stephens. Charles H. Christy AA'as first president, succeeded in 18S6 by the first secretary, W. F. Nicholson, and he as secretary by W. H. Starrett. The membership is tAventy-eight. The rooms of the association are Avell furnished and provided Avith a very liberal supply of books, pamphlets, magazines and neAvspapers. Prior to its organization, many of the members belonged to the " Young Peoples' Christian Association." The records of the first Y. M. C. A. cannot be found, though Judge Wright, one of its most energetic members, made a search for them. The Toulon Literary Society Avas organized in 1858. T. A. Forman, D. LoAvman, Dr. Copestake, Martin Shallenberger, G. A. Clifford, T. J. Henderson, P. M. Blair, O. White, H. M. Hall, M. A. Fuller, J. A. Henderson, called the meeting to organize December 2, 1858. The Philozata Society Avas a permanent organization at Toulon in 1867. The Reading Circle of 1867 Avas presided over generally by Oliver White, Avith John F. Rhodes, secretary. Among the essayists were the men named, Miss Kate Whitaker, Mrs. M. Shallenberger, Miss Heath, William Thompson, Miss Tilly Beatty, and others. Mrs. Turner, Miss Tilly Shallenberger and others, generally entertained their associate members with select music. The old Couit House Debating Society, or Toulon PriA'ate Deba ting Club, the constitution of which Avas the basis of the constitution 292 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. of the present debating society, as drafted by W. W. Wright, Avas one of the leading literary clubs of the county. The first meeting re corded was held January 29, 1861, with Dr. Chamberlain presiding. The question was : " Has any State the right to withdraw from the Union." J. A. Henderson, P. M. Blair, O. F. Dorrance, and F. Rhodes, affirmed, while D. Lowman, M. A. Fuller, Nathaniel Wright and Mr. Walley, a banker here in the days of "stumped-tailed currency," taking the opposite side. Among members taking part in sub sequent debates, Avere Rev. William Leggett, W. W. Wright, Capt. Benj. Williams, E. L. Emery, D. J. Walker, J. W. Hewitt, Rev. Neff, G. A. Clifford, C. L. Eastman, N. M. Bonham, B. G. Flail. The last meeting on record took place November 28, 1865, when the resolution that Jeff Davis should be executed, was carried. M. A. Fuller Avas secretary of this society from its organization to this date. Rhodes, Chamberlain, Walker, Blair, J. A. Henderson, Wright and D. LoAvman, served as presidents, Avith others. The Toulon Debating Society was organized February 5, 1872, with the following named members : James H. Miller, G. N. Nicholas, R. Creighton Wright, George A. LoAvman, W. W. Wright, Samuel Burge, C. H. Burge, D. J. Walker, John F. Rhodes, II. L. Harrington, J. K. P. LoAvman, Edward A. Burge, E. B. Lyon, Frank Matthews, Frank' Fuller, Levi Silliman, William Dunn, and T. M. Shallenberger. W. W. Wright Avas elected president, and James H. Miller, secretary. Willis DeAvey, Frank, Prout, Oliver White and M. A. Daugherty, were ad mitted before the close of 1873. The initiation fee was $15. In 1880 the society was incorporated under the name "Toulon Debating Soci ety." The constitution of 1872 Avas drafted by Messrs. Mathews, E. A. Burge and James H. Miller. The by-laws were reported by John F. Rhodes and Thomas Shallenberger. The question—" That success is the best criterion of character," was the first discussed and decided for the affirmative. Among the names on record as presidents are the following : W. W. Wright, G. W. Nicholas, John F. Rhodes, G. A. Lowman, C. H. Burge, D. J. Walker, F. Fuller, R. C. Wright, E. B. Lyon, Levi Silliman, J. K. P. Lowman, G. M. Miller, Geo. McKeighan, William Dunn, Frank Matthews, E. A. Burge, Frank Prout, M. A. Daugherty, F. Lyon, Edward Starrett, A. FI. Price, Wm. Hughes, E. B. Lyon, Thomas Treat, James H. Miller, R. J. Dickenson, I. N. Wade, principal of the high school in 1878, and Dr. Baldwin. J. H. Miller was secretary up to March, 1876. From April following to February 1877, A. P. Miller, E. B. Starrett, and G. A. Thomas served at inter vals, when J. H. Miller was reelected secretary. Since 1878, A. P. Miller has filled the position of secretary. In "May, 1873, Dr. R. B. Bement lectured before the society. In February, 1875, John G. Saxe Avas here. On December 9, of this year a present of an office chair was made to the secretary, Mr. Miller, in recognition of his services to the society. Prof. Parsons lectured here on January 6, 1876, and Mrs. Abby Sage Richardson in November, 1877. In 1878 the "Blind preacher of Congress" lectured here. Schuyler Colfax, Fred. Douglass, Henry Ward Beecher, Laura Dainty, J. C. Burroughs, "Eli Perkins," "Josh Billings," Wendell Phillips, were here in 1878, General Kilpatrick, TotlLON ToAA'KSHIP. 293 Ann Eliza Young and Theo. Tilton in 1880, and in February of this year an anniversary banquet Avas given, (no less than 130 persons par ticipating) at the ToAvn Hall, J. F. Rhodes presided. A. P. Miller presided over the ninth anniversary, and James PL Miller over the tenth anniversary meeting of its organization. Every Avinter this society has introduced to the people some able lecturers or artists, and in this year, beginning in October, 1S86, and ending in February, 1887, such Avell-known names as Laura Dainty, General LeAv. Wallace, Chaplain J. P. Roe, Dr. James Hedley are on the program, with the Nashville students and entertainments by local talent. Miscellaneous. — The music school of Miss Alice M. Lowman was opened at Toulon, in NoA'ember, 1867. The Toulon sax-horn band Avas re-organized in Februarv, 1868. An organization of this character existed prior to the Avar. The first regular meeting of the Toulon Benevolent Society Avas held in May, 1870. Mrs. Whitaker Avas president with M. L. White, secretary. The Marble Club or Shoe Fly Club, Avas organized at Toulon, in May, 1880. The " Buds of Promise," a social organization, organized in Novem ber, 1872, continued to exist until November, 1883, when its last supper was given. It comprised the greater number of the younger citizens of Toulon. The Musical Institute was organized at Toulon, October 4, 1876, Avith Samuel Burge, president ; William Dewey, secretary ; and Messrs. Howard, Gaston, Theo. Whitlock, William Dewey, Wesley Rist, Lou and Lottie Brace, Mary and Ella Christy, Pauline Shallenberger, Ada NoAvlan and Katie Ne\v comer, a committee on scholarships. The Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle of Toulon, dates to 1879, 'when four members, one being a member of the first graduating class, signed the constitution. Old base ball club is said to date back to 1866, Avhen a Dr. SAvazey referred to the game and assisted in the organization of the first club. Among the members AA'ere W. W. Wright, secretary ; J. M. BroAvn, Harlan Pierce, W. G. Bradley, now in Nebraska, B. G. Hall, noAv in IoAva, George Stone, Neponsett, Bureau county, 111., Henry Harring ton, noAv a physician at Monmouth, 111., George W. DeAvey or "Yankee George," noAv in Guthrie county, Iowa, A. T. Higgins, Robert Fell, of DaA'is & Fell, W. T. Hall, noAv a physician of Toulon. D. J. Walker was a member of the club. KeAvanee, Galva, Princeville, Lafayette, Altona and Bradford clubs Avere generally beaten in con tests. The base ball circle of the present time comprises such players as C. Hall and Ed. O'Donnell, and the sons of many of those Avho participated in the games of the old club. Speaking of C. W. Hall, Avho is a student of Rush Medical College, Chicago, a report was cur rent in December, 1886, that the NeAv York City Metropolitan base ball club, members of the American Association, have engaged his services for the coming season — six months — at $1,700, expenses paid. 294 HISTORY 0* STARK COUNTY. " The nine worthies." " Pardon me, if I speak like a captain." " Will make him fly an ordinary pitch." "No doubt but that he hath got a quiet catch." " I'll have an action of battery against him." "Masking the business from the common eye." TOWN" OF WYOMING. Wyoming is made up of all kinds of materials, and its society is exceedingly miscellaneous. There is the inquisitive Yankee, pushing forAvard his neAV inventions ; the industrious Pennsylvanian, amassing Avealth by the aid of his iron sinews ; the shrewd Irishman, looking as cheerful as the blue smoke that curls up from his pleasant home ; the deliberate Englishman, boasting the superiority of his country and his laws ; the canny Scotchman, making his acres blossom like the rose ; and the ruddy-looking German, singing his songs of " Faderland " and hoarding up every little " shiner " that gets betAveen his fingers. Each brought along with him his early habits and associations ; his own vieAvs of business, laws and religion ; and, as a natural consequence, when brought together on public questions, were apt to boil up like a mixture of salt and soda, but the spirit of the country and circum stances boiled them down into one people. There are in the toAvn no church steeples Avith bells in, that tolled our great-grandfathers to the tomb ; no long lines of graves, in Avhich are buried the virtues of those ancestors only knoAvn from tradition; there is no gray-haired pastor, rising up like a sacred statue in the memory ; no aged deacon, with his head resting on the side of the peAv and enjoying a brief sleep as the preacher sermonizes ; no old sexton, limping away to the hurrying ground Avith his spade upon his shoulder, for the purpose of making an unceremonious rattle among the dry bones. Yet the city has a past upon which the historian can dwell. Nature's mighty cathedral still stands around and above Avith its lofty dome of sun, moon and stars; but its pillars are not overgroAvn with the moss of centuries. The great high priests that Avorshiped at the altars and burnt incense to the great Spirit — Avhere are they ? The temple still stands, but the worshipers are gone. Here and there, we meet with melancholy souveniers ,of some tribe that wandered here in early years ; but the mass lie buried under the mounds with their Aveapons of war crumbling to dust, and their history buried along Avith them. Unlike the county-seat the history of this town is linked Avith the personal history of many of the pioneers of Essex, Penn and Yalley townships as well as of Toulon township, in which it is situate. For this reason, the histories of these toAvnships must be read in connection with this chapter to obtain the full knowledge of the character and manner of its settlers and of its settlement and progress. Many new names are also identified with the old village of Spoon River — names brought from all parts of the Union, from the Canadas and from Europe. It is the oldest village in the county, being laid out by B. M. Hayes, surA'eyor of Putnam county, for Gen. Samuel Thomas, in March, 1836, and the plat acknowledged in May of that year. The area of the TOULON TOWNSHIP. 295 original town, or from William street on the north to Agard street on the south is 79 27-33 rods, and from First to Seventh or East street 1564, rods, with streets, 824, feet wide, alley 164, feet, lots 156| feet long ranging from 52^ to 66 feet Avide. Smith and Main streets formed the centre of the town with the public square between Fourth and Fifth and Smith and Mam streets. Two years later very little in the Avay of improvement Avas affected. In Mrs. Shallenberger's " Stark Count)*- and its Pioneers " it is stated that " the Lacon Herald in 1838 spoke of as having upon its site " one second-hand log smoke house " which served the double purpose of store and postoffice. Nevertheless its name appears upon several maps of that time, and it Avas a prominent candidate for the county seat. It is said that some speculators interested in the sale of lots hacl circulars struck off and circulated in the eastern states in Avhich this toivn Avas represented in 1837, at the head of navigation on Spoon river, Avith fine Avarehouses towering aloft and boats lying at the Avharf Avhich negroes were loading and unloading, giving the appearance of a busy commercial mart. This may be but a story, still it serves to illustrate the speculating mania of those clays : Avhich disease has not yet ceased to affiict mankind, but only toweled a feAv degrees farther Avest. A gentleman avIio had been someAvhat victimized by such false reports in 1838, reA'enged himself by perpetrating the folloAving rhymes : " Osceola's but a name, a staked out town at best, Which, like the Indian warrior's fame, has sunk to endless rest. Wyoming's still an emptier sound, with scarce a wooden peg, Save that my old friend Barrett has, to serve him as a leg ! " The early lot purchasers at Wvoming are named in the folloAving list : Giles C. Dana, 1S42 ; M. B. YanPetten, 1860 ; Robert Barrett, a one-legged shoemaker, 1843 ; Casper Katzenberger, 185,4 ; James P. Greenough, 1858; Wm. Kearns, 1854; Samuel Wrigley, 1856; John Wrigley, 1851 ; W. O. ShaAV, 1857 ; Pollv Thurston, 1850 ; D. C. Green, '1858; Patrick Murphv, 1861; John White, 1860; Alfred F. LaShells, 1857 ; J. R. LaShells, 18*9: T.'D. Guthrie, 1852 ; Green wait ife Dixon, 1856 ; C. W. BroAvn, 1860; School Trustees, lots 10 and 11, in block 10, November, 1850, March, 1851; John Colgan, 1856; St. Luke's Protestant, Episcopal Societv,lot 8, block 10, Thomas ad dition, 1857; H. A. Hoist, 1852; S. F" Otman, 1855; W. F. Cristy, Robert K. Woods, A. G. Hammond, 1857; Bassett & Pierce, 1861; Francis A. Milliken, 1855 ; D. R. Beers and wife, 1856 ; EdAvin Hutch ison, 1852; Trustees Methodist Episcopal church, lot 4, B. C. Thomas addition, 1857 ; Rufus Woodcock, 1852 ; Joel Cox, 1855 ; T. F. Hurd, 1843; W. G. Thompson, 1848; Mary G. Brooks, 1856; Isaac Young, 1857'; James Martin, 1858. Wrigley's addition to Wyoming, lots 1 to 11, each containing from f acre to 14. acre, was surveyed by S. F. Otman, and acknoAvledged by John Wrigley, June 17,1857. This tract lies southeast of the Wyoming & Galena road. The additions by W. F. Thomas, 1870; J. G. Greene, 1870; G. C. Dana, 1870 ; Scott & Wrigley, 1872 ; and Castle, 1870, Avith Dana's first addition, Thomas' first addition, and Castle's addition of 1876, make up the present town. 296 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. The early purchasers of town lots in Green's addition to Wyoming were : Harvey N. Fox, 1869 ; B. F. Boughn, Gecrge W. Selders, Mar garet Turner, 1870; NeAvton Boughn, Thomas N.Benedict, 1871; Jonathan Sims, 1873 ; David Fast and Son, 1874 to 1875, and others since that time. In Dana's addition the lot buyers Avere : John Hawkes, 1860 ; M. A. Coles, J. R. Wilson, 1865 ; Geo. A. Seaver, 1863 ; Benjamin F. Boughn, J. M. and H. M. Rogers, 1868 ; Thomas W. Bloomer, 1869 ; James Hulsizer, Kerns and Cox, 1870; S. K. Conover, 1872; Laura Fox, E. O. SAvift, 1873 ; F. F. BrockAvay, A. J. Sheets, GreenAvalts, Gates, Mahanys, Purintons, Kings, Truax, Paynes, Aumicks and others pur chased subsequently. In 1873 the Central Hall Company of Wyoming secured a part of Block 1, and in June, 1880, the village purchased a part of the same block. In Nov., 1865, St. Luke's Protestant Episcopal Society secured a part of Block 6. The first purchasers in Scott and Wrigley's came in 1872, the Jordans on Block 2. In 1870 W. H. But ler, A. H. Huntington, Peter Lane purchased on Block 1, Castle's ad dition to Wyoming; O. G. Smith, Block 2; Aaron Merker, Block 3 ; Alfred Wolfe, Block 5 ; Mary M. Fuller, Perry H. Smith and Martin S. Stoner, Block 6 , Joseph F. Noone, Block 7. In 1871 some of the other blocks of this subdivision Avere entered. The toAvn owes its establishment and name to Gen. Samuel Thomas, born in Connecticut, but a settler of the Wyoming Yalley, Pa., from 1807 to Aug., 1834, when he set out Avith his family and William Godley for Spoon river, and settled here in October, 1834. Less than two years elapsed before he had the toAvn surveyed under the title, " ToAvn of Wyoming." At this time the Essex settlement south Avest and the Seeley settlement northeast, and Grant's hut on the Holgate Farm, may be said to be the only spots on the Avilderness of Upper Spoon river Avhere civilization Avas to be found ; but the Indians had their corn fields near the mouth of Camping Run ; on Indian Creek and round Walnut Grove.. At Bulbona Grove Avas the French trader, Avhile at Boyd's Grove and Wyanet the beginnings of settlement were made. The names of Miner, Parker, Bradford, Sturm, Smith, and all those mentioned in the organic and political chapters were scattered round, but still the pioneer home of the Thomas family in Illinois must be considered in the Avilderness. In early years, the horse-thief gang visited this part of the county, and some members resided here. The adjuster, described by C. S. Payne as a green-eyed, spectacled gentleman of very solemn demeanor, AA'as accustomed to pass up Spoon river once or tAvice a year to adjust or equalize the proceeds of horse sales for the horse-thief gang. There are a feAv today in the county who well remember this adjuster and those horse-thieves. Noav the additions to population and enterprise created neAV aspira tions. Nothing less than separate government Avould suit the big ideas of the little hamlet, and a petition 'to this effect was signed in 1865, its prayer granted, and "The ToAvn of Wyoming" Avas in fact a toAvn. The records of the village are not in good shape, but from them the following list of village officers is made out : TOULON TOWNSHIP. 297 1872 — A. G. Hammond, C. Collier, A. J. Conover, P. H. Smith and Otis T. Dyer, trustees ; Perry H. Smith was chosen president, and C. Collier, clerk. 1873 — Charles S. Payne, president; W. H. Butler, A. J. Stone, H. F. Turner, John W. Agard and John Ellis, trustees ; C. Collier Avas chosen clerk. 1874 — S. F. Otman, president; II. J. Baldwin, clerk ; J. E. Decker, attorney ; T. W. Bloomer, Alfred Wolfe, II. F. Turner, C. P. McCorkle and John Ellis, trustees. 1875 — G. W. . Scott, C. P. McCorkle, A. D. Wolfe, trustees ; J. E. Decker, attorney ; W. FI. Butler, clerk; Isaac Thomas, police magistrate; and Capt. Otman, president. 1876 — S. F. Otman, A. J. Stone, J. A. Klock, T. W. Bloomer, Adam Lyon and Peter Lane, trustees ; W. FI. Butler Avas elected clerk, and S. F. Otman, mayor. In 1873 the vote for village organization under the general laAV Avas 77 against 7. A petition Avas presented to the circuit court in 1876, asking that the south one-half of Sections 1 and 2, Essex, be detatched from Wyoming. The trustees of Wyoming, in October, 1878, were, Agard S. Stark, Jordon Hamilton and 0. T. Dyer, the latter re placing W.J.Bond. T. B. Wall Avas clerk. In 1879 the "trustees were : C. F. Hamilton, J. E. King, E. Clark, J. W. Smith, and I. II. CoAven ; clerk, T. B. Wall, and police magistrate, Isaac Thomas. The trustees elected in 1880 Avere : John A. Klock, John W. Smith, Chas. D. Castle, AndreAV F. Stickney, Chas. F. Hamilton and John Jordon. Thomas B. Wall was elected clerk ; C. F. Hamilton Avas chosen presi dent. The trustees elected in 1881 Avere: C. F. Hamilton, president; C. D. Castle, A. D. Wolfe, J. W. Smith, J. John, and C. P. McCorkle. II. A. Hammond Avas elected clerk. The Wyoming election of 1882 Avas hotly contested, J. B. Robinson, of the People's party, receiving 130 votes ; J. A. Klock and E. Clark, anti-license, 122, and Elisha Clark, People's party, 127 — the three members elect. Charles Sargent received the total vote, 250, for vil lage clerk. By order of the board the certificate of stock, $10,000, Avhich Wvoming held in the Dixon, Peoria & Hannibal Railroad, Avas sold in 1882 to A. II. Castle, of Chicago, for $500. This is a sad eulogy on the morals of railroad companies. In 1883 C. P. McCorkle and Dr. J. C. Copestake Avere elected trustees, Charles Sargent, clerk, and James M. Rogers, police magistrate. The trustees elected in 1884 were J. A. Klock, Allen M. Pierce and W. A. Truax ; Charles Sargent, clerk. A. M. Pierce Avas chosen president and Frank Thomas attorney. The trustees of 1885 AA'as, John W. Smith, Henry DnckAvorth and F. A. SAveetland ; S. K. Conover was elected clerk, succeeded by F. P. Hill. The Wyoming election of 1886 resulted in the choice of E. S. Teeter, W. A. Truax and Peter Sanner, license men, over Dr. J. C. Copestake, J. E. King and Miller Patterson, anti-license men. J. W. Smith Avas elected president; L. F. Hill, clerk; H. A. Hammond, treas urer and Frank Thomas, attorney. The clerk's position was filled by S. K. Conover. The expenditures of the village, shown by appropria tion of August, 1886, aggregate the sum of $3,000, to be levied, as sessed and collected. Schools. — The history of the schools of Wyoming begins in that of 298 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Toulon and Essex townships, and to these sketches the reader is referred. The school records in existence comprise a number of books, some Avell kept, some very poor in data and facts. From them, how ever, the folio AA'ing memoranda is taken: In May, 1857, the district composed of sections 1 and 2 and part of 3, Township 12, range 6, and sections 35, 36 and part of 23, Township 13, range 6, was presided over by J. B. BroAvn, H. A. Hoist, S. F. Otman, Isaac Thomas, Wm. B. Armstrong, Dr. Milliken, Perry Stancliff, Isaac N. Tidd, directors or parties in interest. At this time the question of additional school room was considered ; and on June 13 decided affirmatively. It was ordered to levy a tax for keeping the summer school in operation, and also to establish a graded school. On June 22, a vote on raising $3,000 Avas A^oted against — 20 to 17 ; so that the district had to be satisfied with some repairs to the old building. Miss Harriett Milliken was teacher at this time; but in the fall of 1857 Enoch K. Evans Avas engaged to teach the Avinter school. In 1858 J. G. Greene and Isaac Thomas, clerk, are named as directors. Mrs. M. A. Cheney Avas teacher, at $30 per month until May, Avhen Miss Mary W. Thomas took her place. In the Avinter W. II. Greemvoocl was engaged. Early in 1859 the district Avas divided, and H. A. Hoist, Perry Stancliff and Dr. J. G. Greene chosen directors of Wyoming district. In May Miss Mary Hayden was appointed teacher, at $20 per month ; and so Avell did she conduct this school, she AA'as reengaged in July. At that time there Avas no summer vacation. In September, 1859, Dr. Wm. Hayden, W. H. Butler and John B. Pettit Avere elected directors, and the first named served as clerk. In April, 1860, Miss Minerva Woodruff was engaged as teacher at $25, to succeed Augustus Hammond, Avho taught here during the five previous months. Mrs. Hammond assisted him voluntarily, and to her the directors granted $20. Isaac Thomas suc ceeded J'. B. Pettit as director. Hayden left the village in 1860, but his successor was not elected that year. Augustus Hammond Avas reengaged to teach the Avinter school at $35 per month. In May, 1861, Miss Mary Pettit AA'as engaged to teach the summer school. In August W. H. Butler and J. M. Thomas Avere elected directors, and Charles Myers engaged as teacher at $30 per month. James M. Thomas Avas elected director in August, 1861, vice Dr. Flayden. Isaac Thomas Avas elected in 1860 and Wm. H. Butler in 1861; reelected in 1863 Avith J. G. Greene. In 1863 Isaac Thomas resigned. W. II. Butler AA'as chosen clerk, and in 1868 Perry Stancliff Avas appointed clerk. In 1869 the school tax was increased from sixty cents to $1.50 per $100 valuation. In 1864 J. R. Lashells Avas elected, and in 1865, Samuel Butler, to serve until August, 1868. . In 1868-9 Perry Stan cliff, J. G. Greene and John C. Copestake Avere the directors. In 1871 the names of Wm. Schroeder, builder; Beal & Gray, brick manufac turers; Ottman & King, quarrymen, and J. G. Briggs, lime burners, occur in connection Avith building the school house. The name of Samuel Thomas is in connection Avith the sale of school lot. In 1869 S. K. Conover was elected as director, and subsequently appointed clerk. In 1870 Perry Stancliff Avas re-elected director, the meeting being held in the brick school house, for District of Township 12, TOULON TOWNSHIP. 299 range 6, and District No. 8 of Township 13, range 6. In September, 1870, the first movement was made toward erecting a large school building. At that time it was resolved to raise one per cent for a sinking fund, to borroAv $5,000, and to dispose of the old brick house. In April, 1871 J. C. Copestake Avas elected director, and in May a vote of the two districts was taken in re new school house, when it Avas decided to build on the old site. In July a vote of 27 to 1 agreed to increase indebtedness of the tAvo districts to five per cent of the assessed valuation. In 1861 Miss Mary Pettit taught three months, and in 1862-3 Charles Myers presided for five months. Mrs. S. A. Beatt}'' and D. II. Allen were teachers here in 1863 ; George A. Seaver and Anna E. McGlashan in 1864-5. In 1866 she and Miss Cheery were here, the former continuing in 1867 with Miss Ardeline Jarneau. In 1869 Miss Kate McGlashan assisted in the schools here, and the names of C. O. Lambert, Miss R. A. Courtright, Miss Abbie Hulsizer, and Miss Belle Brown appear as teachers. In 1870-71 Miss Evans, J. Sohn and E. G. Wynkoop were teachers. In 1872 the names of William Nowlan, Miss- H. Stone, Miss M. E. Stone, Miss Mattie Stone, Alonzo Nicholls and Miss Fletcher appear as teachers in the new school building, with Simeon Ellis janitor. In 1873 the names of Wm. Nowlan, Miss Fannie Thomas, Annie M. Rule, Rebecca Butler, W. R. Sandham, appear as teachers ; Peter Pettit Avas janitor. During Charles Myers term there Avere nineteen boys and fifteen girls admitted to school, who, with the -thirteen boys and sixteen girls at beginning of term, in November, 1861, made up sixty-three pupils. On July 1, 1 871, Newton Matthews, of Peoria county, bought $3,- 500 of district bonds for $3,150, due July 1, 1876, and $2,000 on July 1,1881. Levi Silliman also purchased $1,000 worth of bonds for $900, due July 27, 1877. In 1872 S. K. Conover, clerk and director since 1869, was reelected. On his resignation in 1873, Perry Stancliff and T. W. Bloomer Avere elected directors and John C. Copestake, a mem ber of the board, was appointed clerk. In 1874 George W. Scott was elected director. In September, 1874, the Wyoming south side schools opened, with Prof. Sandham in charge of high school ; W. W. Ham mond, grammar ; Rebecca Butler, intermediate ; Nellie Walker, pri mary ; 164 names were enrolled. In 1878 James M. Rogers was elected a, director; in 1879 Thomas W. Bloomer; in 1880, G..W. Scott, reelected (former clerk, was elec ted president of the board). In 1881, James M. Rogers (also appointed clerk). In May, 1879, a school term of eight months Avas adopted ; $700 made the salary of principal, and $40 per month the pay of other teachers. In January, 1877, the south Wyoming school house was destroyed by fire, but the damage was secured under insurance policies of $7,000. In July, 1878, W. R. Sandham was principal; Miss Carrie Butler, teacher in grammar school ; Rebecca G. Butler, intermediate classes ; and E. E. Stevenson, primary classes. L. Hill was chosen jan itor. The principal received $90 per monthj each teacher $42.50, and the janitor $25. In 1879 Mrs. C. W. YanPetten Avas appointed teacher, vice Mrs. R. G. Butler, resigned. A. B. Hill was appointed 18 300 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. principal; Mrs. YanPetten, H. Y. Morrison, and E. E. Stevenson, teachers, and S. F. Hill, janitor. In 1880 Miss M. E. Beers took Miss Stevenson's place, being the only change on the staff prior to June. In June, 1880, B. G. Hall was appointed principal, and in Septem ber Miss Alice Kellar was appointed teacher. In 1881 B. G. Hall was reengaged as principal, and Miss Louisa Do^'n employed as teacher. In April, 1881, it was resolved to borrow $1,000 from Wyoming vil lage to meet bond maturing. In 1882 A. W. King Avas elected direc tor, George W. Scott still serving as clerk. In 1883 Mr. Scott was reelected. In 1882 Wm. Boggs was appointed janitor ; B. G. Hall reengaged as principal ; Miss Anna Keller, Miss Alice Keller and Miss Louisa Do)|n, teachers. In April, 1883, Miss Grace Jones and Miss L. H. Searle took the places of Swsan Dojfrn and Anna Kellar. Miss Alice Kellar Avas retained Avith them, and B. G. Hall, principal. John Hulsizer Avas employed as janitor. The teaching staff of 1883 were reengaged. An offer to EdAvard Bangs of $1,000 per year as principal was declined, when Mr. P. K. Cross was engaged at $900 for term of eight months and tAventy-tAvo days. In October, 1884, the names of Miss Grace M. Jones, Ella M. Hall and H. L. Tucker appear on the roll of teachers, and that of George Osborn as janitor. In January, 1884, the first record of punishments is made — the ordinary boyish freaks justifying such punishments. During this year Mr. Scott Avas elected president and A. W. King was chosen to fill his place as secretary. In 1884 a steam heater was introduced into the schools at a cost of $975. In 1885 the same principal and staff served the schools, the principal receiving $1,000' per annum. In March, 1886, Miss Clara Cook Avas appointed assistant teacher, Avith the former staff. In 18S4 Henry N. Fox Avas elected director ; in 1885, Albert W. King reelec ted, and in 1886 George W. Scott reelected, John E. Decker receiving only 47 votes out of 171 polled. The vote on levying special tax Avas 107 for, 62 contra. In April, 1886, the question of building an addition to and improv ing the south side school building was decided affirmatively, and a loan of $3,000 in $500 bonds was authorized. These bonds were sold to Church Sturtevant, of Bradford, at par, on his bid of 5-J annual interest. In June the contracts were sold, in August a tax levy of $3,500 for 1886 was ordered, and in September the schools opened, completed according to contract. No enterprise of Wyoming has made more rapid strides in progress than its schools. The town has always been fortunate in electing school trustees Avho ever looked well to the interests and education of the ris ing population, and spared no trouble to provide all the facilities for good, thriving schools that the demands should Avarrant. Since the tAvo school buildings were erected, Wyoming's population has doubled, and the schools are among the enterprises which have kept pace Avith this groAvth. W. R. Sandham, to Avhom the school interest OAves so much, Avas appointed a member of the state board of education in May, 1885. Churches.'- — The Methodist Church of Wyoming was organized at the house of Gen. Thomas, by Rev. William C. Cummings, in the fall TOULON TOWNSHIP. 301 of 1836 ; but the members of this class belonged to Adam Perry's class, organized early that year in the Essex settlement. The senior members were the Thomas family, Agards, Holgates, George Sparr, Ann Carney, Adam Day, Mrs. Adam Perry and Eliza Essex. Rev. Jesse Heath, father of the pioneer merchant, preached here shortly after, folloAved by Zadoc Hall, and Leander Walker, NeAvton G. Berry- man, Enos Thomson, Wilson Pitner, A. E. Phelps, John Morey, H. J. Humphrey, John Hodgson, John Sinclair, A. Worhiscroft, or Wollis- croft, and other preachers and presiding elders Avell known on the cir cuit. The first authentic record is that of the class of 1847, under Isaac Thomas, with place of meeting at the Wyoming school-house. The members Avere Isaac, Samuel and James Thomas, with their Avives, Lydia A., Marcia and Ellen Thomas ; Ellen Greenough, Polly and Mary A. Thurston, James M. Rogers, Harriet Rogers, David Wiffings, James Lashelle and wife, William G. Welch and wife, Sam Farding, Julia A. Welch, Clarinda Bishop, Ezra Wooden, Bethena and Lydia Wooden, Thomas and Eliza Essex, Emily Aumick, Lucy T. Dennis, John and Frances Bateman, John B. and Eliza Brown. (Thomas Essex died in 1853.) Eddy Brown, Maria, Samuel and Joseph Cummings, N. R. Doolittle and David Cooper. In 1848 John Sinclair Avas pre siding elder, A. Wolliscroft preacher and Isaac Thomas class-leader. In 1844 services were held in the Smith store. In 1837 Gen. Thomas- donated 14, acres for a methodist parsonage, the same on which George Sparr erected the parsonage in 1838. In 1856 he donated the site for an M. E. Church, Avhich Avas begun and completed that year. In 1852 Rev. A. E. Phelps was presiding elder, C. Lazenby preacher, W. Thomas assistant and Isaac Thomas class-leader. The class was the same as in 1847, with the exception of the Essex family transferred, and the addi tion of Elizabeth Williams, Catherine Johnson and Ann Bearley. In 1854 a feAv new names were added, making up a class of twenty-eight members. In March, 1858, Betsey Wrigley, Eliza Donaldson, John B. Pettit, DeAvitt Hunt and wife, C. W. BroAvn and wife, Isaac Tidd and wife, H. Greenough, James Greenough and wife, John Knott, James Martin and Avife, Edmund Wrigley, Joseph Balsley and Avife, David Maine and wife, Joseph Mi lor and wife, and others, were admitted. In December, 1858, Elder Morey, Rev. W. G. Smith preacher, J. J. Fleharty, assistant preacher, were present at conference. W. Wal dron, J. Stedham and J. Bateman were steAvards, William Hall Avas recording steAvard. At this time the societies at Rogers' Grove, Pleas ant Ridge, Walls, Seeley's Point, Osceola, Center School-House, Mound, Elmira and Bradford belonged to this Peoria conference. In Feb- r ruary, 1859, the same elders and preachers, with W. H. Jones, L. D., E. B. Rogers and J. T. Conner, exhorters ; A. Whitman, W. Hall, J. Bateman, J. Stedham, W. Fuller, W. Waldron, steAvards ; W. G. Reed, J. J. Garman, Isaac Thomas and T. M. Clark, leaders, and Thomas Banister, Sunday-school superintendent, were present. E. B. Rogers, T. A. Whitman," J. B. Brown, W. G. Reed, James and Isaac Thomas, William Hall, W. Fuller and Wesley King were appointed trustees for five years. At this time E. B. Rogers was licensed to preach. In June, 1859, the names of P; Sturms, L.L. D., James Wood and John 302 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Drawyer exhorters, J. Seeley steward, Nat. Richards and James Tanquary leaders, Thomas Heywood, Sunday-school superintendent, appear among other members of the conference. In August, 1859, the names of James Miller exhorter, Elijah Ferris and John Farmer lead ers and Stephen Hill, Sunday school superintendent, appear, with others above-named, at the conference then held. At this meeting the committee from the Elmira society reported their church at that point, built after the style of the Osceola church, almost completed. In October, 1859, Rev. J. J. Gue succeeded Mr. Fleharty as assist ant to Rev. J. W. J. Smith, Elder Morey still presided and the per- sonel of the conference remained generally the same. On January 1, 1860, the report of membership credits the folkming numbers to each society : Wyoming, 60, quota of funds, $234 ; Roger's Grove, 4 miles southeast, 32, quota, $75 ; Seeley's Point, 33, quota, $85 ; Pleasant Ridge, 24, quota, $45 ; Centre, 13, quota, $40 ; Bradford, 7, quota, $25 ; Osceola, 29, quota, 125 ; Elmira, 45, $135 or a total membership in circuit of 243 and total contribution of $760. The conference of Jan uary, 1860, was constituted as in August, 1859. In July, 1860, this part of the district was known as Wyoming Circuit of Toulon district, Central Illinois Conference. H. C. Greenough's name appears as ex horter with Revs. Morey, Smith, Gue and Eerris. In Sunday-school matters there were 111 officers and teachers, 9 bible classes, 405 schol ars, 1,131 volumes, and 72 scholars in infant classes. In October, 1860, John Chandler was presiding elder, Jacob Matthews, preacher in charge, J. G. Tamper, local preacher, S. Hill, Chas. Brace, Jas. L. Ferris and Jas. W. Woods exhorters. In 1861 the preachers of the circuit were the same as in October, 1860. In July, 1861, J. B. Brown, Wesley King, John Bateman, Artemus Whitman, J. B. Kent, Wm. Hall, W. M. Fuller, Israel Seeley and Daniel Drawyer were elected steAvards. In May, 1862, William Hall gave place to Isaac Thomas as clerk of the conference. Rev. Hamilton was appointed assistant to Rev. MattheAVs on the circuit and the same stewards were reelected. In November, 1862, Rev. W. J. Stubbles was preacher in charge, with J. W. Woods exhorter. At this time the purchase of a parsonage at El mira was placed in the hands of the preacher, W. M. Fuller, S. Hill, L. Bailey, and J. M. Clark. This house was sold in 1865. In April, 1863, resolutions on the death of Wm. Hall, an early friend of Metho dism, were placed on record. In July LeAvis Bailey was junior preacher. In October, 1863, Rev. Adam Hepperly came as preacher in charge. Here he shoAved some signs of insanity, Avhich greAv at other stations and led him ultimately to the asylum. W. M. Fuller Avas clerk of conference, John Chandler being still presiding elder. In July, 1864, Isaac Thomas Avas reappointed clerk. In October, 1S64, Elder Sammons presided. In April, 1865, the trustees of the church at Pleasant Ridge paid out on their church building $13.22, John Childs being treasurer. Among the trustees elected in 1865 Avere Isaac Thomas, Geo. Strong, Shepherd Westfall, Walter Fuller, Geo. ShaAV, Daniel DraAvyer, and A. Whitman. In January, 1866 W. Shafer was preacher in charge. A. II. Hepperly and J. W. Agard were also here as superan- Toulon township. 303 nuates. Missions known as Holmes, Ebeys and Frankhn belonged to this circuit about this time. In 1867 Rev. J. Cavett was preacher. Rev. D. M. Hill came the same year, the same avIio gave the blessing at old settlers meeting in 1886 at Toulon. In October, 1867, J. W. Agard, Wesley King and I. Thomas were chosen trustees, the latter being then clerk. Revs. E. Roof and Estees preached here then. In 1868 Wm. Under wood was presiding elder, and Rev. Torry, L. P. In 1869 Rev. A. B. Morgan took charge of the circuit. In 1870 Pleasant Green was de tached, and in November of this year, M. P. Armstrong was preacher in charge. In 1871 came Rev. Carpenter, and in 1872, J. W. Agard was in charge of the circuit. In 1873 Elder C. Springer presided with Wm. Wooley, preacher in charge, Isaac Thomas being still clerk. In November, 1873, Rev. Stouffer took charge. In 1874 E. C. Wayman came. In 1876 M. E. Beal, R. S., signs the records after Isaac Thomas. In November the name of W. H. Hunter appears as presid ing elder and L. Janes as pastor, and B. H. Ober, now of Galva, secre tary. In 1877, J. J. Fleharty was pastor, and early in 1878 Isaac Thomas was reappointed clerk. The following year, 1879, T. L. Falk- ner Avas pastor, and in 1881 came Rev. L. F. Cuilom. During these years of progress I. M. Rogers, W. King, I. Thomas, Hall, Mallor, Edwards and others were steAvards, and H. L Brown, presiding elder. Presiding Elder Forsythe and Rev. Seadore are named in November, 1881, Avith Ezra and Wesley King, E. J. Edwards, I. Thomas, Wm. Holgate, Benj. Bunnell, Chas. Sargent and B. G. Hall, trustees. In December, 1882, Rev. A. L. Morse became pastor. In 1883 Elder M. Y. B. White presided with Rev. R. B. Seaman, pastor. Mr. Seaman was succeeded in 1884 by Rev. A. R. Jones, and he in November, 1885, by Rev. D. G. Stouffer the present pastor. The trustees are Wesley King, E. J. Edwards, J. M. Rogers, Isaac Thomas, Jacob Smith, Thomas Beall, E. J. King and Benj. Bunnell. Messrs. EdAvards, Thomas and Smith of the trustees are now steAvards with Madames Colburn, Smith and Patterson.. In January, 1882, the Methodist Episcopal Society bought the Drinnin lot on North Main street, and erected the new church thereon that year. The old building was sold to C. S. Payne in May, 1882. St. Luke's Protestant Episcopal church may be said to have been founded here in 1848 by Rev. Richard Radley at the house of Henry Butler. Mr. Radley held monthly services here until March 1851, when he moved to NeAV York, his position here being taken by Rev. Philander Chase, who held services in the school house. On September 2, 1855, the society was organized with the following named members : Henry A. Hoist, Henry Butler, Charles S. Payne, L. S. Milliken, T. 'B. Whiffen and W. B. McDonald. On October 18 the parish was admitted into the diocese. The wardens were Henry Butler and Henry A. Hoist, in 1855; with Charles S. Payne, Thomas B. Whiffen and A. B. Butler, vestrymen. Of those, A.'B. Butler, uoav of New York Post for about twelve years, and Charles S. Payne are living. In December, 1856, Peter Pettit offered to do the carpenter work on the church and school- house for $385. Dr. McMillen was elected vestryman, vice C. S.Payne, resigned. In July 1857, H. A. Hoist and Henry Butler were wardens, 304 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. and J. H. Hopkins and R. Trasker elected A^estrymen. In July 1857, J. Flopkins, A. B. Butler and II. A. Hoist were appointed a building com mittee. Up to this time services were held in the old brick schoolhouse, but changed to the old Methodist church (then neAv) on invitation. Their oAvn church, begun in May 1857, was dedicated in February 28, 1858, at a total cost of $1,020, of which Chicago contributed $271 and eastern people $172 A. B. Butler hauled the first load of building material. Among the families belonging to this church in August, 1877, were Dr. J. G. Greene,L. D. Ellsworth, Mrs. E. McLaughlin Brimfield; Ann E. King, Miss M. A. Allen, A. Root, of Blue Ridge ; H. Byatt, William Thomas, Lucy Butler, Belle Kearns, Jerrems family in Nebraska; O. H. Stone, California ; W. J. Bond, Mrs. Amelia Hall, Bradford ; Dr. W. Cook, Edward Cook, the Hochstrassers, Harrison Cooper, Brad ford; the Chase family, Heber Chase, Wada Petra; C. H. Yoorhees, Princeville ; Charles Meyers, of Toulon, now of California ; Mrs. Keffer, Toulon ; G. Porter, Wada Petra ; the Malone family, of Penn town ship (withdrawn) ; George White, of Toulon ; Mr. F. Renneck, of Toulon ; Richard Parker, of Stark ; Charles Wright, Toulon ; T. B. Wall, Modena ; John Hardy, E. H. Laymiller, C. S. Payne, W. Scott, Prentiss, of Wyoming district ; Lyons and Simples, of Toulon ; Robert LIunter, Osceola ; Robinsons, Heberlings and Hamilton Hoch strasser. The families named above formed fifty -seven members of this church in 1877. There is no record of the church from 1858 to March, 1869. In this year the Drummond house Avas leased at $215 per annum, for rec tor's house, and in October, 1869, ReAr. T. N. Benedict Avas called, Messrs. Hoist, Greene, W. H. Butler, C. S. Payne and D. C. Kellogg, forming the board. Rev. F. H. Potts remained until Dr. Lloyd, now in IoAva, came and he Avas succeeded by Rev. T. H. Eddy, Avho, after three years service moved to Keokuk, Iowa. Rev. George Moore, Avho came early in 1883, left in 1884 and there were no services held until August, 1886, Avhen Rev. John Hoist, a son of Henry A. Hoist, was appointed rector. Among the members of -this society in later clays were Dr. Cook, Dr. Castle, Charles D. Castle, W. J. Bond, here ; Henry Butler, deceased ; 0. H. Stone, now in California ;-L. D. Ellsworth, in Nebraska; Dr. J. G. Greene, deceased ; John Wrigley, Mrs. William F. Thomas, nee Mary Butler, Mrs. Amelia Bond, Mrs. Laymiller, Mrs. Hochstrasser, Mrs. Charles S. Payne, Henry A. Hoist, deceased. In September, 1871, the board accepted Dr. Castle's proposition to donate a lot opposite the residence of O. FI. Stone ; although William Thomas offered tAvo lots and $1,000, provided the church Avould be moved to the present location of the Congregational church. In 1872 the building Avas removed to its present site. The Catholic Church of Wyoming, the building of Avhich Avas begun in October, 1880, on grounds donated by Dr. Castle, Avas dedicated by Bishop Spalding, July 27, 1881. The subscription of the Protestant element of Wyoming very near equaled that given by the members. The building was erected by James Murray for the committee, which TOULON TOWNSHIP. 305 comprised John Seibold, Michael Colgan and John Colgan. It is 32x64 feet, 26 feet to ceiling, and seats 350 persons. Its cost was over $3,000. Father Moynihan began the Avork and completed it. The old members of the Catholic Church are named as follows : Michael, John, Edward and Thomas Colgan, of Penn, Yalley and Essex townships; EdAvard Weston and Michael Ryan, of Yalley ; John Siebold, of Wyoming ; James Colgan, of Yalley ; Andrew Cain, Toulon ; Patrick Cain, Essex ; Wm. Marlatt, Dominick Harty, Penn ; Peter Pauli, Toulon ; Edward Garman (deceased), Yalley ; John Moloney, Essex ; the Frails, and a few others, who belong to the older Church at Camp Grove, or at Toulon. The Catholics of this district were visited by missionary priests from Lacon and Peoria prior to the building of the church, Avho held services in various homes. Since 18S1 the church has been attended by Fathers Moynihan, Cullen and Rev. Delbarre, now stationed at Bradford. The congregation at present exceeds in number 200. The Baptist Church of Christ, of Wyoming, may be said to have been organized in August 1867, Avhen Elder Dodge, of Toulon, pre sided here with A. J. Wright, of Saxon, clerk, and J. M. Stickney, reader of the articles of covenant. A number of ministers were pres ent, among them J. W. Agard. The original members were James M. Stickney, Ephraim M. Holton, Eliza M. Holton, Margaret A. Conover, Sarah Wilson, Francis Walker, Mary Butler, Louisa S. Hearse, Jose phine A. Holton, Martha E. Wilson, Rachel Long, Adelaide Cole, Lucy Timmons and Rachel Davis. Of the above only Mrs. Cole and Mrs. Wilson noAA' belong to the church here. The present membership is 42. The whole number received since 1867 Avas 176. Marshall Winn, the present clerk, beame a member in 1869. Elder Dodge was chap lain of the Ellsworth Zouaves, and commanded after the death of Colonel EllsAvorth. The present clerk also served in two or more Union commands. The pastors since his time are named as folloAA's: J. M. Stickney, Samuel Brimball, Thomas Reese, George C. Yan Osdell, Adison B. Tomlinson, William Sturm and A. C. Edwards. The clerks were Ephriam Holton, Wm. S. Wilson, Marshall Winn, Edward Gimlett, Charles R. Wilson and J. B. Hammatt. • The Congregational Church of Christ, of Wyoming, Avas organized April 3, 1873, with fourteen members. First services were conducted bv Rev. A. A. Stevens, of Peoria, the following Sunday. Rev. W. Walters served this church from 1873 to August 23, 1883, when he resigned to take charge of the church at Lacon. He is now at Blas tings, Neb. Rev. John Mitchell succeeded Rev. W. Walters, March 9, 1884. On February 18, 1873, a meeting was called to consider the question of founding a Congregational society here. This meeting was held at Dr. Copestake's house, John Hawks presiding, with J. F. Rock- hold, secretary. The question was decided affirmatively, and on April 3, the following named members signed articles of association : John Rockhold, Prudence Rockhold, John C. Copestake, Sarah C. Copestake, John Hawks, Augusta Hawks, Henry E. Turner, Charlotte Turner, James Buckley, Susannah Buckley, Ann Wrigley, Mary C. Scott, William Walters, Mary Ann Walters. The organization was received 306 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. into the general body of the church, August 27, 1873, when the first council was held. The next proposition Avas to erect a house of wor ship. The Congregational Union granted $500 in 1874, and in August of that year the following solicitors were appointed : J. C. Copestake, H. Turner, John Walters, Mrs. G. W. Scott, Mrs. T. Stephenson, Mrs. A. Lyon, Mrs. Bailie, Mrs. Hawks and Will Hammond. The building committee, composed of Rev. Walters, John Hawks, and Henry F. Turner, was appointed July 15, 1874. This body re ported in August, 1874, that W. F. Thomas offered one lot on Main street for $100, and donated a similar lot. This report was adopted, and the deed of the property given to J. C. Copestake, John Wrigley, H. F. Turner, John HaAvks and George Kerns, trustees. The dedica tion took place May 4, 1875. Up to this time the society worshipped in the Baptist church, Rev. William Walters filling the pulpit for both congregations. The building stands on a lot donated by W. E. Thomas, opposite the house of John Ellis. John Hawks was the architect, Smith & Wolfe were the carpenters, W. H. Gray builder of foundation, R. R. Worley, of Toulon, plasterer, Haines & Bruce painters, Payne & Turner supplied the seats. The entire cost of the building was $3,583 ; all paid except $500 at date of dedication. The deacons in 1873 are named as follows : J. Hawks, H. F. Turner, Joseph Mellor, J. Buckley, Prescott Blood, George Kerns, Mr. Corder and Mr. Wygant. The trustees in 1874-5 were : Dr. Copestake, John Hawks, John Wrigley, H. F. Turner and George Kerns. In 1875, the latter was elected ; in 1876, John Hawks; 1877, E. H. Phelps; 1878, Henry Duckworth and Adam Lyons; 1879, Prescott Blood; 1881, John Hawks and A. W. King; 1882, J. W. Walters, J. C. Copestake and George Kerns; 1883, Dr. Copestake; 1884, Mrs. John Wrigley; 1885, Mrs. George Kerns; 1886, Royal H. Miller and John Hawks. The clerks have been: John F. Rockhold, 1873; John W. Walters, 1873; James Hunter, 1874: William W. Hammond, 1875; Miss Alice B. Wrigley, 1876; John W. Walters, 1877-81 ; Miss Laura M. Jordan, 1882-6 ; Mrs. Addie Colwell, 1886. John W. Walter has been the financial secretary since 1884, the first time the office was founded. The treasurers have been : J. C. Copestake, J. Hawks, Mrs. C. B. Hammond and James Buckley, the present treasurer. The Sunday-School is contemporar}' Avith the church. John HaAvks was first superintendent, succeeded by E. H. Smith some six years ago, and he by Royal H. Miller. The first baptisms Avere : Francis NeAA Ian, Laura M. EdAvards, Will Hammond, 1874. Since 1876 the rite of baptism has been solemnized in 46 cases. The total number of admissions to membership, since 1 873, is 196. The present membership is 106. Of the original mem bers there are now connected with the church 6. Mrs. Buckley is dead and the others removed. The United Brethren Society, which may be said to have existed here from 1872 to 1882, claimed no less than 54 members in 1875, among whom where : Samuel and Lorina Farden, Samuel Bishop, Malinda O'Yanda, Mary (now Mrs. White) and Martha (now Mrs. Winfield) Beaver, Samuel and Lucretia Redding, Gasper Bogard, and Rebecca T0UI.0N TOWNSHIP. 307 Bogard, Jesse and Cynthia Redding, Lillie (now Mrs. Polly) and Olive Reading, Henry Curfman and wife, EdAvin Baldwin and wife. Rev. J. S. Smith attended here for the last time October 28, 1882, but a traveling preacher held serA'ices here afterward on one occasion. The United Brethren church building is now the residence of Thomas Dugdale; sold in 1 884 to John Francis. It used to stand south of the north side schoolhouse, and Avas used as a schoolhouse up to 1875. Secret, Benevolent and Literary Societies.— /Wyoming Lodge, 479, A. F. & A. M., v»as organized February 28XTM6, and chartered October 3, the same year, with J. W. Agard, W. M.; George W. Scott, S. W.; Henry M. Rogers, J. W.; John Wrigley, treasurer; H. A. Hoist, secretary; S. K. Conover, S. D.; T. W. Bloomer, J. D.; and J. H. Cox, T. These, with Simon Cox and Isaac Thomas AA'ere the original members. Mr. Agard was master from this time to 1872, AA'hen he was succeeded by T. W. Bloomer, who served until 1881, when A. W. King was elected. In 1883, James M. Kogers was elected master, and in 1884, T. W. Bloomer Avas reelected. Fie represented Wyoming at the meeting of the Grand Lodge in 1886, at Chicago. The secretaries Avere: 1867, Henry A. Hoist; 1868, W. H. Butler; 1869, Isaac Thomas; 1871, li. A. Hoist; 1873, E. H. Phelps; 1874, C. Collier; 1876, W. H. Butler; 1877, E. H Phelps; 1878, C. F. Flamil- ton; 1879, J.C. Bloomer; 1880-5, C. F. Hamilton ; 1885, P. K. Cross; 1886, S. K. ConoA-er. The members of the Blue Lodge on roster in 1886, are Thomas W. Bloomer, J. C. Bloomer, T. J. Bocock, S. K. Conover, J. H. Cox, Simon Cox, J. C. Copestake, Foster Coulson, J. M. Cox, Myron Cox, Charles Childs, P. K. Cross, H. Duckworth, W. T. Ditman, F. E. Davis, Frank Davis, C. S.; William and George Eagelston, H. N. Fox, G. M. Fuller, Orange Fuller, William Holgate, Dr. James Holgate, jr., C. F. Hamilton, Charles Hampson, Richard Hight, A. G. Hammond, H. A. Hammond, James G. Hunter, J. B. Hammatt, L. M. Graves, John Jordan, W. H. Jordon, Albert W. King, J. M. Menden- hall, M. F. Meeker, C. McCorkle, George Moore, B. A. Newton, S. F. Otman, J: M. Rogers, J. T. Rogers, J. B. Robinson, G. W. Scott, Perrv H. Smith, A. Sn/diker, Winfield Scott, E. 0. Swift, F. A. Sweetland, I. Thomas, Frank Thomas, John Wrigley, Samuel Wrigley, E. C. Way- man, J. K. Weller, J. E. Woods, Y. A. Welton, and Geo.' W. Nicholas. The first hall was over Flolst's drug store,' the next in the Thomas building, the third over the " Boston Store," the fourth in the " Agard/' or " Masonic Hall," and the present over Hammond & Walters' store, dedicated January 3, 1882. Wyoming Chapter Royal Arch Masons, No. 133, had an organ ization in 1866, but no charter up to October 9, 1868. The officers in 1866 were: J. W. Agard, H. P.; G. W. Scott, E. S.; J. M, Rogers P. S.; Alvin Abbott, M. 1 Y.; S. A. Davis, M. 2 Y.; C. Kerr, M. 3 Y. William Lowman, E. K.; Charles Weston, C. H.; M. S. Curtiss, R. A. C. Henry M. Rogers. J. LI. Box, William Eagelston, John Ellis, Samuel Wrigley, and T. W. Bloomer were charter members. J. W. Agard served as H. P. up to 1875. T. W. Bloomer served from 1875 to 1886. John Wrigley served as secretary to 1870, and as treasurer from 1870 308 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. to present. J. C. Copestake, secretarv in 1870 ; Llenry A. Hoist, 1871 to 1874; C. Collier, 1874; S. Miner, 1875 to 1880 ; A. W. King, 1880 to 1886; and S. K. OonoArer, 1886. Other members not noted in Blue Lodge are : S. G. Hatch, W. F. Speer, W. Peterson, H. J. Cosgrove, R. H. Deys, George D. Eagelston, W. P. Dator, A. Y. Fuller, J. A. Klock, D. G. Hurd, J. W. Morrison, Rev. George Moore, J. K. Hall, William Lowman, Charles Sargent, James Montooth, W. J. Washburn, Hiram Phenix, Harlan Hopkins, William M. Pilgrim, and W. Williams. Wyoming Family, Eastern Star, No. 134, was» organized May 29, 1862, with J. W. Agard, Martha Agard, George W. Scott, Mary C. Scott, FI. A. Hoist, S. K. Conover, Margaret Conover, John Wrigley, Ann Wriglejr, James M. Rogers, Harriet Rogers and Rebecca Butler members. This organization continued in work nine years. Wyoming Chapter, No. 52, Eastern Star, Avas organized out of Wyoming Family February 18, 1871, and must be considered a con tinuation of the old lodge under a new name, The officers for 1886 are : Mrs. C. P. McCorkle, W. M.; A. W. King, W. P.; Mrs. Dr. Sweetland, A. M.; Mrs. A. W. King, C.; Mrs. A. Thomas, A. C; Miss Fanny RockfelloAv, Secretary ; Miss Laura Jordan, Treasurer. Wyoming Lodge No. 214, I. O. O. F., Avas organized October 15, 1857, Avith the folloAving charter members: Henry A. Hoist, W. B. Armstrong, John FlaAvks, C. W. Brown, U. M. Whiffen and Isaac N. Tidd. In October, 1863, they surrendered their charter, but the lodge was reinstated by the folloAving named members : Henry A. Hoist, Thomas W. Bloomer, John HaAvks, Charles S. Payne, John C. Wright and C. W. Brown, February 6, 1871. The list of members of W}'oming I. 0. O. F. Lodge in 1886 is as follows : G. W. Scott, W. A. Boyer, James E. Rogers, Hiram Weller, W. W. Jarman, Jesse L. Moffitt, Denis Gu3^re, James Buckley, W. Lyons, Henry Newton, T. C. Dunlap, D. M. Crone, C. A. and R. T. Traphagan, J. Kernaghan, D. C. Greene, S. R. Graves, G. E. Bonnell, M. II. Teets, E. D. H. Couch, W. H. Jordan, W. A. Truax, F. C. Wilson, D. M. Stancliff, M. T. Routzahn, O. F. Jacobs, Joseph W. Conger, John Scott, Charles H. Moore, N. B. Morse, M. D., W. H. Proctor, G. S. Rakestraw, W. J. Legg, A. W. Ftotchkiss, A. Simmons and C. F. Hamilton. The P. G's. are: 1858, W. B. Armstrong; '58, John Flawks; '59, Flenry A. Hoist; '59, C. W. Brown ; '60, J. M. BroAvn ; '60, J. B. Thomas; '61, John C.Wright; '71, Ii. A. Hoist, John HaAvks; '72, Peter Lane, C. F. Flamilton; '75, John D. D. Philips, J. D. D. Philips; '74, F. M. Earhart, Charles S. Payne; '75, C. Collier, II. F. Turner; '76, C. F. Hamilton, II. J. Cosgrove ; '77, E. Clark, J. L. Moffitt ; '78, Wm. Lyon, Wm. Lyon ; 79, W. II. Grey, C. F. Hamilton ; '80, T. B. Wall, T. B. Wall; '81, J. G. Robertson; '82, S. M. Stancliff; '83, J. S.Wins- ley, H. C. Aldrich ; '84, E. S. Teeter, J. N. Conger; '85, J. N. Conger, J. N. Conger; '86, L. A. Trimmer. C. F. Hamilton, now of Bradford, served as secretaey from 1878 to 1884, Avhen J. N. Conger was elected. In 1886 the annual office term was adopted. In January, 1882, the Lodge at Wyoming held their first meeting in the new hall over the Post-Herald. Wyoming Encampment, No. 174, was instituted March 24, 1876, by TOULON TOWNSHIP. 309 P. C. P. N. C. Nason, Avith the members' J. M. BroAvn, C. F. Hamilton, J. M. Cox, T. B. Wall, D. S. Hewitt, FI. J. Cosgrove, J. D. Woods, I. P. Carpenter, J. L. Moffitt, Dennis Guyre and John HaAvks. This has been transferred to Galva. C. F. Hamilton, of Wyoming Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., has been Deputy to the Grand Lodge since 1874. lie Avas the first Patriarch of the Encampment and Deputy of the Grand Encampment one term preceding Capt. Brown in that office, who has since been representative. De Wolf Post, No. 371, Wyoming, dates back to 1867-8, when Colonel Ford, State Adjutant of the G. A. R., met Dr. J. C. Copestake at Lacon, and again at Toulon, mustering him in to the Grand Army of the Republic at the latter toAvn, with power to organize posts throughout the county. On his return he brought the subject before some military men at a meeting in the old Boston Hall, Avho signed articles of association and Avere mustered. Dr. Copestake was elected first commander, succeeded by Capt. S. F. Otman, and he by Lieut. S. K. Conover, who commanded Avhen the old Post disbanded, in 1868 or 1869. During its existence no less than thirty members were received, among Avhom Avere: William Holgate, Sylvester F. Otman, S. K. Con over, Henry Otman, J. C. Copestake, Marshall Winn, George Murna, John Oldacker, Barton Fox, Ancel H. Woodcock, Wallace W. Eman uel, Nelson Bell, John Pettit, Richard Frazier and Rufus Woodcock, a soldier of 1812. This old Post rendered material services to those AvidoAvs, orphans or soldiers Avhom the pension office could not reach at that time. Henry Otman, a member, was buried Avith military honors, a Post Avas organized at Toulon and one at Elmira through its example, and much good accomplished ; but the introduction of poli tics killed this Post, as it did formerly other beneficial associations here. In November, 1883, an effort was made to organize a Post under the neAV laAvs of the G. A. R. A charter was applied for and granted November 26. This effort succeeded, and on December 6, 1883, An drew Galbraith, of Post 327, Toulon, assisted by brothers from Elm wood and Brimfield, mustered in nineteen members into Post 371, with Harvey Forman, C. ; John HaAvks, S. Y. C. ; Jacob Graves, J. Y. C. ; C. J. Colburn, S. ; Peter Lane, Q. M. ; H. N. Hochstrasser, 0. of D. ; Thomas Nicholas, Chaplain ; DaA'id Kerns, 0. of G. ; C. F. Hamilton, Adjutant ; M. M. Sparr, Sergeant Major ; William SeAvards, Q. M. S. The officers AA'ere then installed by Dept. Com. Samuel A. Harper. At a subsequent meeting* the names of Lieut. W. Denchfield and Captain DeWolf were proposed to select a name from, for the Post ; and on a vote the latter name Avas carried, the authority being his record as given in the military chapter and in the biography of Toulon toAvn- ship. In 1884 C. F. Hamilton was elected Commander ; A. Simmons, Q. M. ; D. D. Kellogg, O. of G. ; and Marshall Winn, Adjutant. In 1885, J. 0. Copestake Avas chosen Commander ; Marshall Winn, Adju tant ; C. F. Hamilton and C. G. Colburn, S. Y. and J. Y. respectively ; A. M. Pierce, Surgeon ; H. H. Hochstrasser, O. of D. ; A. Timmons, Q. M. ; John Hawks, Chaplain ; Ancel H. Hanchett, 0. of G. ; Leroy Mash, S. M. ; and John Jordan, Q. M. S. In 1886, Marshall Wintfwas 310 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. elected Commander; A. B. Armstrong and C. G. Colburn, S. Y. C. and J. Y. C. ; J. C. Copestake, Surgeon ; Leroy Mash, 0. of D. ; J. Hawks, C. ; John Jordan, Q. M. ; Thomas Dugdale, O. of G. ; H. H. Hoch strasser, Adj. ; E. J. Kellogg, S. M. ; and M. M. Sparr, Q. M. S. The names of the members Avho signed ajiplication for charter are as folloAvs: S. F. Otman, Ananias Timmons, C. G. Colburn, David Kerns, Peter Lane, Joseph Peve, John G. White, Charles P. McCorkle, William Dixon, Allen M. Pierce, Harvey Foreman, John C. Copestake, John Jordan, Ancel H. Hanchett, John HaAvks, Matthew M. Sparr, Franklin Pratt, Dennis D. Kellogg, Thomas Dugdale, William Sew- Se wards, Thomas Nicholas, Harmon H. Hochstrasser, Alfred B. Arm strong, Charles F. Hamilton, Jacob Graves, William E. Thomas, Will iam Holgate and James Ditman. Commander Marshall Winn, to whom the writer is indebted for the above names, dates and incidents, says : " As we close our chapter on DeWolf Post Ave realize the fact that she is now in the very zenith of her strength, and that these gray haired veterans are nearing the sunset of life's journey, and one by ones will, in obedience to orders from their Supreme Commander, cross over the river, and pitch their tents in the silent camjiing ground of our heroic dead." The Fourth of 1863 was one one of the gala days in the history of Wyoming. Cajit. H. Butler presided, with Capt. W. B. Armstrong marshal. The assistant marshals Avere : A. G. Hammond, J. G. Mc- Graw, W. F. Thomas, J. M. Roger and Henry Otman. The executive committee comprised Isaac Thomas, Dr. A. M. Pierce, G. M. Fox and H. A. Hoist and Dr. J. G. Greene. The ladies raised $150 for the re lief of soldiers on that day. The following named soldiers were at rest in Wyoming cemetery in May, 1879 : Capt. David DeWolf, Lieut. William H. Denchfield, Lemuel Dixon, Forty-seventh Illinois Infantry ; Samuel Dixon, Fifty-first Illinois Infantry ; Henry J. Otman, William Wilkinson, One-hundred-and-twelfth Illinois Infantry; Harry Price, Peoria Battery ; Joseph Diggle, Eighth Missouri Infantry ; John Brandon, war of 1812 and of the Black Hawk Avar. The pensioners residing in Wyoming in 1883 were : Belinda Bessett, Hannah Dixon, Mary A. Cole, Annie Curfman, Charles P. McCorkle, Morris C. Lamp- son, Dennis Kellogg, John G. White, George NeAvton, John Harvey and Eliza BroAvn, $8 each ; Michael Alderman, Carey Colburn, Asabeil Wilmot, $4 each ; William Holgate, $2 ; Thomas C. Dunlap, $6 ; Alvah Sturtevant, $5 ; and John Hawks, $24 per month. Miscellaneous Societies. — In March, 1862, the Wyoming Sons of Temperance organized, succeeding the old temperance association, and preceding a feAv others organized between 1866 and 1880. The Wyoming Temperance Union Avas organized in March, 1882, with A. G. Hammond, P.; Mrs. W. Sturgeon, V. P.; A. F. Stickney, secretary and statistician, and Isaac Thomas, treasurer. The Wyoming Band of Hope (teniperance) claimed for its execu te board in 18*2 the folloAving members: W. H. Barrett, A. F. Stickney, Mrs. Mary Sturgeon, W. Ii. Barrett, J. HaAA-ks, Mrs. E. H. Smith, J. C. Copestake, Mrs. Martha Colby, Mrs. Jacob Smith and Mrs. S. E. Sedore, TOULON TOWNSHIP. 311 The I. O. G. T. Lodge of Wyoming, was organized April 9, 1885. The officers in order of senority elected Avere : W. H. Barrett, J. N. Conger, Grace Jones, Isaac Thomas, FI. A. Hammond, Algina Har- wood, C. R. Wilson, Mrs. E. C. Breese, P. K. Cross, Mrs. Ii. A. Ham mond, Mrs. Nellie Clark, Marsh Winn, Isaac Thomas, Mrs. P. K. Cross, Blanche Wolf, Mrs. M. Fox, A. G. Flammond and Robert Jordan. The organization of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union here is noted in the general history. In October, 1886, Mrs. Castle and Mrs. McClyment represented this society in State Convention at Moline. The Wyoming Debating Society Avas organized in November, 1878, AvithW. R. Sandham, president: Ii. A. Hammond, vice president; J. W. Walters, secretary, and A. W. King, treasurer. Among the mem bers avIio took part in the first debate, November 25, 1878, Avere J. E. Decker, W. Wilson, C. R. Wilson, G. W. Scott, A. N. Walters, W. H. Pettet, J. E. King, J. Woods, S. Stark and J. C. Copestake. The Wyoming Band was organized in 1879, with J. Ii. Bray, master. The Art Loan exjiosition held at Wyoming in February, 1880, Avas a great success. The great shooting tournament, under the auspices of the Wyoming Club, took place June 18, 1880. J. C. Lyons Avon the gold medal. The Wyoming lecture club Avas organized in October, 1881, with J. C. Decker, A. F. Stickney, E. H. Phelps, A. F. Bloomer, T. B. Wall, J. E. Decker, B. G. Hall, C. P. McCorkle, and A. W. King, original members On April 8, 1883, an auxiliary Women's Foreign Missionary soci ety Avas organized at Wyoming Avith the, folloAving named members : W. Adams, I. Thomas, Anna Sharp, Sarah Wall, P. 0. Hall, M. Pierce, M. A. Colburn, M. A. Ward, Robinson, E. 0. Swift, I. Smith, Robert son, Drummond, E. M. EdAvards, A. L. Morse, R. Miller, Alice Miller, E. King, W. King ; Misses Alva King, Kittie Thomas, J. Conover, Grace Jones, 0. HarAvood, A. L. Morse and B. G. Hall. Wyoming camp-meeting association is modern in organization but old in practice. In 1840 the first meeting was held, almost on the pres ent camp grounds, Avith N. G. Berryman, Enos Thomson, and Wilson Pitner, leaders. Two years later a similar meeting Avas held near La fayette, and during Mr. Morey's time as presiding eider, a third meet ing was held there. Every year since Mr. Morey's time a camp meet ing or local revival meeting has been held successfully ; but in later years the camp at Wyoming has robbed the ordinary church revival of so much romance and religion, that it became a permanent institution. James M. Rogers, B. G. Hall and E. J. Edwards, a committee on building for the Wyoming camp meeting association in 1883, ordered the old boarding-house to be removed and a neAV building erected. No tobacco is sold upon the ground. SAvearing is discouraged. The croAvd is composed of the average sort of church-going people, inter spersed Avith a company of pleasure seekers of more Avorlctly stripe but of some social position. Upon these " Avorklly " folk, avIio stay long enough for the Methodist brethren to " place," every redeeming power 312 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. is brought to bear. A large out-door auditorium is used whenever the Aveather permits, and there are chapels for stormy days, rooms for boarders, ahvays a good dinner, and permission for all visitors to pitch their tents, cook, eat, pray and sleep. The lectures and religious dis courses are practical appeals. A lodge of Modern Woodmen of America, a neAV benevolent and benefit society, was organized July 29, 1886, with about a score of charter members. The folloAving were elected and installed as officers for the insuing half-year: E. A. Trimmer, Y. C; A. W. King, W. A.; J. E. Decker, E. B.; J. M. Thomas, jr., Clerk ; W. E. Nixon, Escort ; D. S. Burroughs, Sentry ; J. H. Garside, Watchman ; C. D. Castle, A. W. Hotchkiss, and D. S. Burroughs, Managers ; Dr. H. N. Fox, M. E. The circulating library located at E. D. Hewitt's, which opened September 25, 1886, is established upon the most commendable plan, and the reading people of Wyoming are fortunate in securing so large a collection of books by standard authors. This library Avas opened with 80 members at $1.50 each membership, and every two new sub scribers or members at the membership price $1.50 will buy three books ; that is each subscriber's membership price buys a book and a half. There are noAv some 120 volumes in the library and all are the jiroperty of the members. The Post Office is an old institution at Wyoming. Mrs. Shallen berger states that "in 1834 Geaeral Thomas came to Wyommg, bring ing with him a large family of sons and daughters and sons-in-law, be sides several other men, among them William Godley Avho accom panied him in some capacity. All at once Wyoming began to assume importance, and aspired to the post office. The Osceola settlers too, favored the change, always choosing to cast their lot with Wyoming. Accordingly a petition was gotten up, and William Godley was the fortunate appointee of government. Mr. Holgate accompanied Mr. Godley to Essex's to receive possession of the books and papers, mail matter and appurtenances of the office generally, and to convey them to Wyoming. He soon noticed indications of a coining storm in the countenance and conduct of Mrs. Essex. She Avas washing Avhen they entered, and for a Avhile continued her occupation Avith a vim that as tonished her visitors, rubbing and scrubbing almost furiously, then she deliberately turned from her tub, Avij>ed her arms and hands, sat doAvn, and gave them her opinion of men avIio AA'Ould steal a post office, in terms Avhich those gentlemen could never forget. The office has been generally well filled clown to the present time. On August 1, 1870, it Avas created a money order office and in recognition of its growing importance a sidewalk was at once built from Castle's addi tion to this office. For years the late John B. BroAvn had charge of this office. In 1884 C. G. Colburn was appointed master here, but Avas succeeded by J. M. Thomas in 1885, the present courteous and aide incumbent. The Wyoming Cemetery Association Avas formed May 8, 1871, Avhen the folloAving named organized under that title: J. W. Agard, S. K. Conover, J. B. Pettit, A. J. Conover, E. S. Conover, Isaac Thomas, J. B. Brown, John Hawks and Ii. A. Hoist. Messrs. Agard TOULON TOWNSHIP. 313 and Thomas Avere elected president and clerk respectively, and S. K. Conover, A. J. Conover and J. B. Pettit, directors. They were in fact the successors of the old cemetery trustees — a body in name only, and being so, agreed to purchase the land between the old cemetery and First street, S. K. ConoA'er being a committee to negotiate such pur chase AA'ith Gen. Thomas. Messrs. Agard, Pettit and A. J. Conover were to plat the grounds and build a fence. The tract was purchased for $100, and sold at from $1 to $15 per lot ; E. S. Conover Avas first superintendent. In 1872 J. C. Copestake, J. HaAvks and S. K. Conover Avere elected directors; in 1873 A. G. Hammond, G. W. Scott and Samuel Pierce Avere chosen directors, the president and secretary hold ing over; in 1874 E. S. Conover replaced S. Pierce, and C. Collier was appointed collector of an improA'ement fund. This board continued until 1877, Avhen the president, secretary Avith Robert Jordan, John Wrigley and S. F. Otman were chosen, and the latter elected presi dent. 'In 1880 Rev. Wm. Walters, John Wrigley, S. F. Ottman, A. G. Hammond, F. Thomas and J. C. Copestake formed the board, with Capt. Otman, president, and Isaac Thomas secretary and treasurer. In 1882 A. G. Hammond was chosen president; in 1883 the same officers served and continued in office down to the present time. James . Buckley, the first regular sexton, is noAv filling that position. Isaac Thomas, avIio for years has been secretary of the association, permit ted J. G. Greene to make the folloAving entry in the old school record, which is also the cemetery record, April 23, 1858. It is Avitnessed by PL A. Hoist and regularly signed by Greene : " I hereby agree to give Isaac Thomas $5 a year for abstaining from the use of tobacco from this date." The present cemetery at Wyoming may be said to be opened by the burial of Artemus Lake, brother of Mrs. Barley and Mrs. SeAvell Smith, next Wm. Godfrey, and next Ann Carney Hodges. The land Avas donated by Gen. Thomas to trustees for public use on condition that it would be fenced and kept in order. Wyoming cemetery contains the remains of many pioneers of the village and of the district. The list tells Avhat old Father Time has done. William C. Thomas, 1846 ; Nancy (A. McDonald) Crone, '80 ; James Woods, '78; Charles M. Teeter, '83; Jane Ingrain, '78; Lizzie S. Edwards, '80; Anna Frantz, '81; Thomas H. Jackson, '58; Anna Dixon, '86; Sarah Dawson, '67; Charles Brunger, '73; Henry A. Hoist, '75; Sally A. Hoist, '68; Mattie Kerns, '77; Mary A. Dew- hurst, '80; Sarah Walters, '72; William Kerns, '73; Elizabeth BroAvn, '81; John B. Brown, '80; Zeuriah Greenwood, '64; Rachel Dixon, '60; Simon Dixon, '60; Samuel Pierce, '79; Emma Otman, '64; William Denchfield, '57; William Ii. Denchfield, '65 ; Dan. M. Beers, '46; Ezra Wooden, '57; Henry M. Rogers, '78; James Gibson, '60; Betsy E. Wrigley, '64; David Rouse, '69; James Ii. Bloomer, '62; M. W. Mc- Mullen, '54; Polly Thurston, '63;- Hartwell Thurston, '45; Mary Butler, '78; Rebecca Butler, '65; Ii. Augusta Butler, '65; Capt. H. Butler, '64; Lydia S. Whitney, '83; Ward B. Dana, '73; Anna Curf man, '81; Hannah B. Cox, '85; S. Keeling, '84; Marv E. Cox, '81; Clara M. Davis, '83; Sol. Wilkinson, '85; Mary A. Lefflers, '82; Capt. A. E. Ewer, '79; George Marlatt, '68; Barbara E. Smith, '82; B. W. 314 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Whitcher, '75; Joel Stewart, '66; Uzziel Meachum, '67; Margaret Johnson, '68; James R. Wilson, '66; Eliza A. McKean, '66; Susanna Buckley, '85 ; L. L. Hanchett, '65 ; Robert B. Marlatt, '59 ; Edmund Wrigley, '72; Joseph Diggle, '64; Emma E. Pilgrim, '84; Thomas Heywood, '68; Samuel E. White, '66; Isabella McCormick, '68; John Brandon, '64; Samuel Dixon (One-hundred-and-fifty-first Illinois In fantry), '65; James Hartley, '71; William Wilkinson, '64; Emily Nicholas, '65; George Nicholas, '62; John Dixon, '73; Rosanna Dixon, '85; Lydia L. Coombs, '60; Thomas B. Whiffler, '80; Lydia Webster, '70; Peter Pettit, '75; Delana B. Pettit, '67; Henry J. Otman, '67; J. W. Agard, '81; William F. Thomas, '75; Marcia Thomas, '65; Ruth Ann Dana, '56; Nancy M. White, '78; E. S. Con- OA-er, '77; Sallv A. Hochstrasser, '83; Henry Shroh, '84; Robert E. Westfall, '63; James A. Harwood, '77; C. W. Wright, '75; Margaret Ditmon, '77; Jane Ingram, '78. The C. S. Payne monument, erected by the owner, is an elegant Avork of art. Mr. Payne has undoubtedly outAvitted death, and gives jiromise of battling with Old Time for years to come. John Brandon, a soldier of 1812, and of the Black Hawk Avar, is buried here, but the headstone lies broken. The grounds contain many excellent monu mental pieces. In the foregoing list the year of death is given and with feAv ex ceptions only the aged old residents mentioned. Traders. — In May, 1869, F. J. L. sent to the Prairie Chief for jmblication thirty-one quartettes — a long mathematical jioein on Wyoming. Messrs. Payne, King, Ottman, Kellogg, BroAA'n, Winn, Hoist, Boughn, Bunn, Bonner, Dennis, Bloomer, Doctors Green, Fox, Copestake and Castle ; Conover at the mills, all find mention in this poem in connection with their business and their enterprising toAvn. The removal of the Bond store to Coal village in August, 1878, where about fifty men were at Avork on the big shaft, gave Wyoming the appearance of being divided up into three distinct parts, the origi nal toAvn, the Castle addition, and Coal village. When W. J. Bond came in 1872 to take charge of the Lathrop Co.'s store, there were 100 men Avorking on the shafts, the company then furnishing the C, B. & Q. R. R., and local consumption. The Avorks Avere burned April 28, 1880 — the mule used in the mine escaping Avith little injury. Wm. Taylor and Joseph Swanson are said to be the first regular miners, John McCarthy Avas their contemporary, also John and Anthony Robinson. After the founding of the Lathrop Co.'s Avorks the men named continued to supply local trade, Taylor being engaged actively up to a feAv years ago, SAvanson still in harness. McCarthy is also here, so also are the Robinson's. Thomas Stevenson, Avho Avorked for the Lathrop Co. up to about 1878, iioav operates his oavu mine. In 1882 James Higby opened a bank on Mr. Bond's farm. In Coal Hol low are a number of small operators, Avhile along the C, B. & Q. shafts are worked economically. The interests of the Lathrop Coal Co. here have ceased — their leases having passed into other hands. About 1878-79 the weigh- master, Richard Kent, stepjied on the cage, Avhich descended rapidly, TOULON TOWNSHIP. 315 almost causing his death. A few minor accidents mark the progress of the coal industry. For the purpose of making a record of the neAV buildings erected in Wyoming during the ten years ending in 1882, a list of the same Avith the names of the occupants in 1882 is presented.* Where the oecu- pant does not own the building the name of the owner is also given. House occupied by B. C. Boice, house occupied by Dr. F. A. SAveet- land, house occupied by H. L. Weller, house occupied by Jacob Smith, house occupied by Mrs. Carpenter, house occupied by Robert Jordan, house owned by Robert Jordan and occupied by James Hendricks, house occupied by C. Ii. Rogers, house occupied by Charles Geesey, house occupied by William Ditman, house OAvned by Mrs. McClaugh- lan and occupied by Marvin Cohvell and George Lyons, house occupied by J. M. Rogers, house OAvned by Mrs. M. Ditman and occujiiecl by M. F. Meeker, house occupied by J. B. Robinson, house OAvned by George Selders and occupied by E. O. Swift, house occupied by Miles Stancliff, house occupied by Ii. F. Turner, house occupied by George Kerns, house occupied by Thomas Fox, house occupied by C. W. Teeter, house OAvned by King Brothers and occupied by John Iiansel, house occupied by John Hanes, house occupied by William Eagelston, house OAvned by W. Eagelston and occupied by S. H. Smith, house occupied by Mrs. Selders, house occupied by Ripley Watts, house occupied by Ansil Hanchett, house occupied by Charles Eagelston, house occupied by E. H. Smith, house occupied by John Seibold, house OAvned by Mrs. Hill and occupied by L. F. Hill, house occupied by James Duff, house oc cupied by W. A. Eddy, house occupied by William Greenfield, house owned by James Muse and occupied by Ed. Chapman, house occupied by John Karnaghan, house occupied by John Curtiss, house occupied by B. NeAvlin, house occupied by NeAvton Bess, house occupied by John Noret, house owned by J. Noret and occupied by James Strong, house occupied by John Hejierly, house occupied by D. Barth, house occupied by Peter Herberger, house OAvned by Mr. Wales and occupied by W. O. Hudson, house occupied by Mrs. J. Wall, house occupied by Dexter Wall, house occupied by H. B. Harris, house occu pied by Mrs. Ewers, house occupied by L. E. Wood, house occupied by Mrs. Nicholas, house occupied by Elias Teeter, house owned by Mrs. S. M. Wright and occupied by Will Huffman, house occupied by J. A. Klock, house occupied by Adam Lyons, four houses owned by A. J. Stone, occupied by James Fulton, C. Priester, S. G. Brees and Samuel Emery ; house and office OAvned by Dyer Sisters and occupied by Frank Thomas, house occupied by C. M. Teeter, house occupied by Rev. W. Sturgeon, house occupied by D. S. Burroughs, house OAvned by Thomas Beall and occupied by W. Holgate, house occupied by W. Miller, house occupied by A. W. King, house occupied by J. M. Thomas, house occupied by S. F. Otman, house occupied by A. F. .Stickney, house occupied by J. N. Conger, house occupied by Greger Herberger, house (rebuilt) owned by C. C. Payne and occujiied by O. B. Merrick, house occupied by Henry DuckAVorth, house occupied by John Jones, house occupied by M. Winn, house owned by J. W. King * From Post-Herald. 19 316 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. and occupied by David Hull, house occupied by M. Sparr, house occu pied by M. L. Bingham, house occupied by Simon Cox, house occupied by E. Keeling, house occupied by David Jones, house occupied by Dr. Magee, house occupied by M. Alderman, house occupied by M. Teets, house occupied by Dr. Fox, house owned by Thomas Johnson and occupied by W. R. Sandham, house occupied by C. P. McCorkle, house occupied by H. A. Hammond, bank building occupied by Farmers, Bank, store OAvned by W. J. Bond and occupied by H. B. Harris & Co., store occupied by Lyons Bros., store OAvned by the Farmers' Bank and occupied by W. C. Wall, store owned by Thomas Beall and occupied by D. Barth for restaurant, store and dwelling occupied by Hopkins Sisters, shop occupied by E. Ii. Laymiller, store occupied by John Seibold, photograph gallery occupied by Charles L. Davis, barber shop and dAvelling occupied by T. J. Cross, store occupied by F. E. Davis, store occupied by Hammond & Walters, store occupied by King Bros., store occupied by Miss A. E. Ricker, store and dwelling occupied by Peter Lane, store and hall occupied by E. O. Swift and Central Hall Company, office and hall occupied by the Wyoming Post and Odd FelloAvs, bank building occupied by Scott & Wrigley, North Side school house, Catholic church, Congregational church, office and other build ings on Otman & Jordan's lumber yard, office occupied by Charles Sargent, chicken dressing house occupied by D. S. Burroughs, office OAvned by Scott osition he filled until his death, May 23, 1880. ( Vide chapter on Penn Township.) Captain John Marshall Brown, son of John Benton and Elizabeth Ann (Johnson) Brown, was born in Hampshire county, Va., August 10, 1837. His father settled in that state and folioAved the milhvright's trade in his youth; av bile his mother's peojile — the Johnsons — resided there for over a century. In the summer of 1837, the family (parents and three sons) moved Avest to a point near Kickapoo, Peoria county, 111. In 1853, the father settled in Wyoming, engaged in mercantile Avork and Avas one of the tOAvn's most energetic and public-spirited citizens up to his death in 1880. He was postmaster there for nearly twenty years. At the beginning of the "Civil War, John M. Brown was engaged on the farm in Valley township. In August of that year he enlisted in Conrpany K, Forty-seventh Illinois Infantry, and Avas at once appointed orderly sergeant of the company. Early in 1862, he was premoted first lieutenant. Following the battle of Corinth he Avas commissioned captain and held that position until honorably dis charged, October 10, 1864. In November, 1864, he Avas elected sheriff by 555 majority over the pojiular democratic nominee, James NoAvlan. In 1868, he defeated William Lowman for circuit clerk by 534 majority, and reelected each term since that time. In 1859, he married Miss Margaret R., fourth daughter of John and Margaret (Robinson) HaAvks. Of their three children, Ella M. is noAv the Avife of Herbert D. Nott, of Galva; Maucl E. resides with parents, and LeAV M. BroAvn is a very courteous and competent assistant in the circuit clerk's office. A refer ence to the history of the G. A. R. post at Toulon, that of the I. O. O. F. lodge, and of the Encampment Avill shoAv the part he has taken in these important organizations. As an officer of the county his record is Avithout reproach, as a soldier he won his laurels and ivears them, Avhile as a citizen he has shared in the labors of adding a pleasant home to Toulon, and has become interested in a farm. in the county. ( Vide history of Penn Township.) " Grandpa" Buchanan, Avho died at Olympia, W. T., Septembar 27, 1884, once resided on the land now knoAvn as the county Poor Farm. He Avas born in 1801, married in 1822, and crossed the plains in 1853, AA'ith his family. Samuel Burge, son of Rev. Benjamin and Lucretia (Dewey) Burge, was born at Enfield, Grafton county, N. H., October 21, 1844. In 1856 Mr. Burge, his mother and sister, moved from Levviston, Fulton county, to Stark county. The family having settled in Fulton county in 1853, four years after the death of Rev. Mr. Burge. This move Avas made on the suggestion of the late Samuel M. Dewey, a resident of Stark in 1849, avho counseled his sister to bring her family among a people Avhom he esteemed, and among Avhom himself was one of the leading citizens. On arriving here Mr. Burge entered his uncle's store and filled the position of clerk for ten years, until 1866, when he ac quired a one-fourth interest in the house of Dewej^, Lowman & Co. In the fall of that year Mr. Dewey died, but, by the terms of the will, 328 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES the business was to be continued under the title of Dewey & Burge, and with the mercantile department the banking house, established in 1865, Avas included. Of all this Mr. Burge took the management Jan uary 1, 1867. Early in 1869 he purchased the interests of the Dewey estate, and in the spring of 1870 disposed of the mercantile depart ment, so that he could give exclush^e attention to the banking business. In 1879 Charles P. DeAvey, son of the late Samuel DeAvey, was ad mitted into partnership, and the firm name of Burge & Dewey adopted. On September 1, 1870, Mr. Burge Avas married to Miss Alice, daughter of AVilliam Lowman. To them four children were born, Annie M., Samuel D., Esther L. and Jessie, the latter now lying in the family lot in Toulon cemetery. Mrs. Burge is a graduate of the Rock ford Female Seminary, and, as evidenced by references in this work to local literary and musical societies, holds a first place among the alumni of that seminary. In the history of the schools of Toulon tOAvnship, of the Congregational church of Toulon, of the munici pality, of the soldiers of the county and of the W. W. Wright Post, G. A. R., the part taken by Mr. Burge in affairs of public interest is clearly portrayed. To him is credited the introduction of modern residence building into Toulon, and aboA'e all a desire to share in build ing up higher the industrial and social interests of the town, Avhich he calls his home for over thirty years. Rev. Benjamin. Burge, named in the foregoing sketch, Avas born at Francistown, N. H. For years he Avas an esteemed pastor of the Con gregational church, until his death in 1848. His wicloAv, Mrs. Lucretia (Dewey) Burge, was a daughter of AndreAv Dewey, a farmer of Han over, N. PL, who died on the farm in Goshen township, in 1857. Shortly after the death of her husband, Mrs. Burge and family moved to Nashua, N. H., Avhere she resided until coming to LeAviston, 111., in 1853. The name and family are Avell known in the pioneer history of New Hampshire, particularly in the Hollis neighborhood, where the old residence of the Burges has a history antedating 1740. D. S. Burroughs, son of Lorin and Meribah (Boardman) Burroughs, was born at Napoli, Cattaraugus county, N. Y., Feb. 7, 1843. Iiis father Avas a son of Porter Burroughs, and mother a daughter of Richard Boardman, prominent agriculturalists of Onondaga Co., N. Y. In 1867 Lorin Burroughs and family migrated to Prophetsi^own, where the father died Sept. 5, 1867, leaving five sons and three daughters living. Geo. W. is supposed to haA'e been killed at Chancellors A'ille, under Hooker ; Orlando, the eldest, is a farmer; LeAvis P., died at Napoli, N. Y.; Ira, like Orlando, resides in Sarpy county, Neb.; Daniel L. is a citizen of Whiteside county, 111.; Wallace M. is in insurance business at Omaha, Neb.; Lavina is the widoAv of O. Fischer, Whiteside county ; Salina is the wife of John M. Richards, of Whiteside county ; and Marin da V. is unmarried. D. S. Burroughs is the sixth son of seven boys. He spent his boyhood at 'Napoli, and obtained his education in Cattaraugus county. After coming to Illinois he traveled extensively through the west, was engaged in the creamery business in Whiteside county until 1884, but started in business in this place November 10, 1875, ttie date of his commission house at Wyoming. His wife, whom he married at OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 329 Council Bluffs, la., was born at Cold Springs, Cattaraugus county, N. Y. They are the parents of one daughter, Carrie. Mr. Burroughs is a member of the masonic society, a strong advocate of temperance principles, and a supporter of all beneficial enterprises. Captain Henry Butler, son of Justus Butler, the famous hotel- keejier of New Iiaven, Conn., Avas born in that city about 1793. When he Avas of age he married Miss Rebecca Green, grand daughter of Samuel Green, the " Cambridge, Mass., printer." Captain Butler, depending on the accounts of the West rendered by one Bogardus, a pioneer laAvyer of Peoria, and Elias K. Kane, one of the first constitu tion makers of Illinois, left NeAV York in June, 1835, traveled by boat to Chicago, and arrived at Wyoming in the fall. He AA'as folio Aved by his wife, three sons and live daughters, Avho took up their residence in the double log-house Avhich the captain had built and prejiared for them. In later years the brick residence Avas erected, and here the founder of the family in Illinois died, August 2, 1864, his Avife follow- ing him to rest, NoA'ember 30, 1865. In this county tAvo of their children were born. Lucy, George, Samuel, Henry, Rebecca, Mary, Charles, Abby, Elizabeth, Albert, Virginia and Henrietta then made up the family circle. In 1839, William F. Thomas married Mary But ler, and the same clay Ira Ward, Jr., married Elizabeth. In January, 1840, Oaks Turner, of Hennepin, married Rebecca G., Elizabeth mar ried John W. Henderson, Henrietta married Thomas J'. Henderson, and so on through the list. George and Charles never settled here ; the former held a leading position in A. T. SteAvart's house, New York city, for years ; the latter is a lawyer of that city. Virginia, who in her youth Avas deprived of hearing, Avas educated by the Gallaudets ; Abby died Avhile yet an infant. Edwin Butler, publisher and editor of the Stark County News, AA'as born at KeAvanee, Henry county, 111., January 9, 1841. Moving to Milan, 111., he remained there until 1849, Avhen he came to Toulon. Here he attended some of the many private schools then existing at the county seat, Avas a pupil at the seminary, and completed a four year's classical course at Knox college in June, 1861. During the next winter he taught the "Dutch -Island" school in Essex tOAvnship. On August 11, 1862, he enlisted in Company F, One-hundred-and-twelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Avas appointed second sergeant, promoted orderly, and served three years. In September, 1863, he Avas de tailed to assist in printing the Athens Uiiion Post in the office of the suppressed Athens Post. On the 17th the first number appeared, and contained a Avell-Avritten salutatory, from Avhich the folloAving extract is made: "Our first issue of the Athens Union Post will present quite a different appearance to Avhat it did, AA'hen Union Avas not attached to its title. . . . The former editor, Mr. Ivins, prob ably not thinking that Ave Avould Avant to issue the paper in his absence, took Avith him nearly all the material necessary to give it a genteel appearance." The motto of the neAV paper was " Our country, may she ever be right ; but our country right or Avrong." Mr. Butler ivorked faithfully on the Post until the sudden evacuation of Athens, when he was captured in the office. While Avith the rebels, he tasted 330 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES the sweets of prison life at Atlanta, Danville, Richmond ; from March to September, 1864, in their notorious hotel at Andersonville; next at Charleston, and then at Florence, S. C. In December, 1864, he con trived to make his Avay to Charleston Avith the sick and wounded, who Avere there exchanged. Once within the union lines, he made the first hearty meal since his captivity, put on a neAV dress, returned to Toulon for thirty days, and in one Aveek increased fourteen pounds in Aveight. In April, 1865, he rejoined his command at Greensboro, N. C, and served until July. Returning, he Avorked on a farm, Avas elected county surveyor in November, a position he has since filled with the exception of two years. In May, 1869, he purchased Oliver White's interest in the News Avith Joseph Smethurst; early in 1870, purchased the latter's interest, but in June, 1882, sold a half interest to James A. Henderson, Avho, dying in the fall -of 1883, left the partnership to his Avidow. Mr. Butler was married in March, 1883, to Mrs. Maggie Porter, daughter of James S. Templeton, one of the early settlers of Toulon, who returned to his home near Pittsburgh,, Penn. In 1872, he with Enoch Emery were delegates to the Republican National con vention. ( Vide military and local history) C. C. Campbell, born in Connecticut in 1817; moved to Stark county in 1865 ; resided at Wyoming a number of years; died at Chi cago, May 1, 1880. Alfred Castle, M. D., son of Samuel and Phoebe (Parmalee) Castle, Avas born at Sullivan, Madison county, N. Y., Sejrtember 22, 1806. His father was a native of Berkshire county, Mass., and a cousin of Ethan Allen, and a descendant of the Irish family of Castles who settled in Connecticut among its pioneers. His mother Avas of Belgian lineage. Dr. Castle studied the languages under Dr. Sillsbee, of Cazenovia, N. Y., and medicine at Brockport and Pittsford, in Monroe county, mean time attending' lectures at Berk's College, Pittsfield, Mass., at Jefferson College, Philadelphia, and at Vermont College, Woodstock. He was a resident graduate of Harvard College, and also at Massachusetts Hos pital, Boston. He practiced tAvo years at Brockport before obtaining his degree of M. D. in 1834, at the Berkshire school. During the two succeeding years he practiced in Monroe county. On May 19, 1835, he married Miss Maria P., daughter of Col. Daniel Dana, of the II. S. army, avIio commanded the Vermont volunteers during the Avar of 1812-14. In 1836 he set out for Peoria, 111., on a one-horse buggy, leaving his bride to follow. He resided there five or six years, returnee! reduced in health to Vermont, but in 1842 he revisited Peoria, to find that, Avhere only one house stood in 1836 (six miles Avest of Peoria), betAveen Peoria and Wyoming, many were noAv built and building. In 1843 he settled at Wyoming. Dr. and Mrs. Castle Avere the parents of five children, two of AA'hom died in infancy. He Avas the acthe agent in building the B. & R. R. R., of which his son Alfred was president. The doctor only retired from practice a feAv years ago. During his forty years of duty in this county he merited and obtained many tokens of popular esteem. A reference to the chapters of the general history and to the sketch of Wyoming Avill point out the various parts Dr. Castle has taken in that drama of real life which OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 331 has been on the stage of Stark County particularly since its organiza tion, only a feAv years before his settlement here. Rev. W W. Carr, native of Vermont, born in Addison county, at Middlebury, July 23, 1850, is the son of William and Harriet E. (Rogers) Carr, both active members of the Methodist church. William Carr's father, also William, was a nathe of Rhode Island — of old Episcopalian circles there. W. W. Carr spent his boyhood at Middle- bury, obtained a good common, school education, and took a prepara tory course at the Middlebury High School, and at Brandon, Vt. He also taught school during this time, and labored for himself since the age of tAventy-one. At the age of twenty-three he came west and entered the NortliAvestern University, at Evanston, graduated in the class of 1877 Avith an honorable record, taking some prizes. During the last tAvo years of the college course he preached at Brighton Park, and upon graduating joined the Illinois conference, and , Avas stationed at Yates City. He held this charge one year, then Avent to Trh'oli, Peoria county, where he remained two years, signalizing his work by a large revh'al. At Lpava, Fulton county, he remained three years. There he removed a considerable church debt, rejiaired the old build ing, and built a neAv parsonage. A church was built in his circuit dur ing this time. Moving to Blanclinsville, McDonough county, he held remarkable revival services, and during his one-year term repaired the church there. In 1S84 he was appointed to the Toulon charge, and in 1886 to that of KeAvanee. He married at his old Vermont home Miss Mattie L. Piper, daughter of David Piper, of Middlebury, an old family of that toAvn. To them three sons and one daughter Avere born — Ruby Pearl, Harlow Piper, George W., and Sidney McCord. Rev. Mr. Carr's relation to Stark county is best told in the history of the Methodist church and of the Masonic, Odd -Fellow and Good Templar circles of Toulon. Thomas II. (ktrlin, senior member of the firm of Carlin & Sickles, is one of the enterprising and jirogressive business men of Stark county, and takes the credit of pioneer Avork here in his industry. He Avas born in Canal Dover, TuscaraAvas county, O., March 9, i858, the son of Matthew Carlin and Jane Rockford, both natives of Ireland, who came from near Drogheda, Louth county, to our shores to make a home for themselves. They settled in TuscaraAvas county, Avhere tAvo sons and five daughters came to them and gre\v to manhood and womanhood, all Avorthy citizens and industrious people. The subject of our sketch completed a good common school education and began the trade of cigar-making at Canal Dover. He subsequently did jour neyman Avork at his trade through the country, finally locating here in March, 1882, Avhere he soon after embarked in business, Avhich he has very successfully carried on since. He feels the full force of his citizenship in Toulon, and in the early part of the present year married Miss Lyclia, the estimable daughter of Daniel and Ann (Maguire) Wolgamood, Avorthy people of Toulon. Mr. Carlin attributes his suc cess in life to a careful, and pains-taking principle in the manufacture of his goods, and the rapidly groAving trade of the firm attests this fact. Socially, he is a genial gentleman and a substantial friend. He 332 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES is a worthy member of the I. O. O. F. society, and is (with all his active business duties) a close student of this progressive age, and is found clever in other arts besides his trade. William Chamberlain, M. D., died November 2, 1882, in his 64th year. He came to Stark county in 1847, and practiced here contin uously up to the period of his death. F. S. Rossiter represented the I. 0. 0. F., and B. F. Thompson the Masonic society at the funeral. Julius Field Chapin, born in New York in 1801, died in March, 1884, aged 82 years' He put the first coat of paint on the Bajitist church spire at Toulon jirior to his removal to LaSalle. Mrs. Mary (Fanshaw) Chapin, sister of Daniel Fanshaw, one of the pioneer printers of NeAV York city, died at LaSalle, Ills., December 15, 1883, aged 81 years. She came to Toulon in early clays, moved to LaSalle in 1853, where she resided thirty years. Joseph Catterlin, born in Virginia in 1789, moA'ed to Ohio, married Eleanor Knox, avIio died at KeAvanee in 1873 ; died himself at Albion, Kan., May 22, 1886. He Avas postmaster at Toulon during Fillmore's administration, and one of the old merchants. John S. Cleveland died in Wyoming October 4, 1886. He was father of three children, two of them are still living, and one of them, Mrs. John W. Cox, resides at Wyoming. His wife died in this place a little over one year ago. The deceased was born at Chillicothe, Peoria county, Ills., and died in his 57th year. His home Avas formerly in Neponset, from which place he moved to Wyoming several years since. He served three years in the Avar of the Rebellion, as a member of the Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry. He Avas the inventor of a sulky revolving harrowi, on Avhich he received letters patent in 1883. Jeffrey A. Cooley, born in Grayson county (noAv Carroll county), Virginia, on July 4, 1825, Avhere he lived for seventeen years, came to Toulon November 18, 1842, and lived for forty-four years here. The first seA'en years he was in the employ of John Culbertson, assisting him in farm Avork. On February 7, 1849, he Avas united in marriage to Mrs. Louisa Culbertson, by Rev. S. G. Wright. They had three chil dren, all of whom died early. Only his Avife survives him. Immedi ately after marriage in 1849, he built a hotel on the site of the present house which was the first regular public hotel in the place ; and up to his death, September 22, 1886, he was proprietor of Avhat is knoAvn as. the Virginia House He bequeathed to his wife the hotel and fix tures, lot and barn thereon, and to Kate Maxfield, daughter of Mrs' Nellie Maxfield, all his personal property and tAventy tAvo acres of land lying just east of toAvn. Primly Colwell, an old settler of Stark county, died at Burlington Junction, Mo., June, 1, 1883. Mrs. David Cooper, now Mrs. Ennis of Wyoming, a sister of Isaac B. Essex, came in the fall of 1829. Mrs. Manj Co.i\ of Wyoming, daughter of James and Maria Graves, died June 24^ 1881. Clara {De Wolf) Cox Avas born in Clark county, Ohio, March 23, 1848, and at the age of four years came Avith her parents to Stark county, where she resided uji to her death, November 4, 1886. In the OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 333 year 1867, she Avas united in marriage to Walter Cox which union was blest by six children. Jere M. Car, druggist and pharmacist, Avas born in Ross county, Ohio, May 11, 1850. His parents, Jesse and Abigail (Waldron) Cox, the former a native of Ohio, the latter of North Carolina, with their fam ily moved to Illinois in 1852, and here Mr. J. M. Cox received his early education completing such at Lombard university, Galesburg. At the age of 23 years, he engaged in mercantile life, and has since been one of the successful business men of the county. He married Miss Emma J., daughter of the late J. H. Batchelder of Englewood, and to them three children AArere born : Harry C, Fannie G. and Nellie — the second hoav deceased. A reference to the Masonic and Odd FelloAv's history of Wyoming, will jioint out definitely the position of Mr. Cox in these societies. He is a member of the Illinois Pharmaceutical so ciety and of the State Board of Pharmacy. Aunt Polly Crandall, the old maid of Toulon and " aunt to the AA'hole toAvn," moved to Barton county, Mo., in 1882, and died there the same year. Miss Eliza J. Creighton, who Avas a Avell-knoAvn teacher of Stark county, in the fifties, died at Morris, 111., September 21, 1864. Prof. P. K. Cross, a native of Illinois, comes from a worthy pioneer family of Winnebago county. He was born in that county April 18, 1856. His father, A. B. Cross, a descendant of Scotch pioneers, of NeAV York state, has ahvays been known to the jieople of Winnebago county for his sturdy support of upright jirinciples and jirogressh'e measures. The subject of our sketch, when a lad, obtained a good training in the elementary studies of the common schools of the dis trict in Avhich he lived, and at the age of sixteen he entered college at Beloit, Wis. There he apjilied himself to a regular collegiate course of study, and began fitting himself as an educator. At nineteen he began teaching as a profession, as also for the purpose of earning money to complete a thorough and systematic training, Avhich he did subsequently by sjiending about two years in the Illinois State Normal School, when he resumed teaching. His success has been favorably marked, and he is now found a leader in the profession. He passed some five years at Somonauk, 111., where he raised the public schools from a chaotic condition to that of a thoroughly graded system, and had the pleasure of not only being complimented with a salary nearly double of Avhat he began with, but of graduating tAvo large classes in a thorough English literary course. Finishing his work there he ac cepted- liis present position in 1883, where he has been successfully con nected since, as the records of Wyoming's school shoAvs. In politics he is a pronounced republican, of strong temperance jiroclivities, prin ciples espoused not only through his OAvn observations, but inherent, as his father was prominent among the many early abolition, and tem perance Avorkers of Winnebago county in promulgating those vieAvs. Prof. Cross was happily married in Somonauk, 111., to Miss Emma L. Iiess, a lady of clever literary and musical attainments, and a fitting helpmeet to him in his professional labors. He is a member of the Masonic order. In person he is tall and of commanding presence, of a 30 334 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES frank and generous nature, but of a disposition to reason deeply and conscientiously on all matters, and when resolved, to stand manfully to his opinions. Since coming to Wyoming he has won the admira tion of all good lovers of its school interests. John Culbertson, son of William and Elizabeth Culbertson, was born in Pennsyh'ania, December 19, 1800. His earlier years were passed in a manner common to. boys at the beginning of this century ; but as- his years increased he manifested his desire for independence, and resolved to learn the saddler's and harness trade. This resolve he carried out, and for years he followed the trade Avith the same close at tention Avhich marked his later life in commercial circles. In 1841 he settled in this county and engaged in mercantile trade. His strict at tention to business and square dealing, insured the success of his neAV venture, so that in a short time he commanded a very heavy trade around Toulon, and indeed throughout this section of the country. He established a flouring mill and Avoolen factory here, which Avas operated under his oavii supervision, and gave employment to a number of per sons, some of Avhom were skilled workmen. His investments in real- estate round Toulon Avere very extensive, and at one time it Avas said he intended to purchase the AvholetoAvnship and adjoining one of Go shen. In religious affairs both he and Mrs. Culbertson were Baptists, and in the history of that church their connection with it is shoAvn — he having built the present house and presented it to the society. On February 17, 1822, he married Miss Pleasant Bateman. They were the parents of four children — Louisa, Avho married Lucius Miner ; Will iam and John, deceased ; and James, a physician of Toulon. Mr. Cul bertson died June 5, 1869, just at the time Avhen he planned the expen diture of some of his great wealth on improving the toAvn in Avhich he accumulated it. Rev. T. J. Cullen, Avhile en route from Wyoming to Bradford, Avas attacked by heart disease, and falling from his buggy Avas instantly killed, May 13, 1883. He Avas missionary priest in this county during the absence of Father Moynihan. Dr. Curtiss died at Cleveland, Ohio, June 21, 1883, aged sixty-seven years. Years ago he practiced medicine at Toulon. L. P. Damon, son of James G. and Martha J. (Clark) Damon, Avas born at Medford, Mass., October 1, 1848. His father Avas a nathe of that state, and mother of Maine; on both sides being the families of mechanics. In 1858, the family moved to Stark county. L. P. learned the machinists' trade at KeAvanee, also learned the mason's trade, and folloAved this trade in Cass and Union counties, IoAva, for about ten years, returning to Wyoming in 1879. Here he was engaged in mason Avork, windmill manufacturing, and machine business. More recently he established his blacksmith and machine shop here, and noAv has completed preparations for manufacturing a " shoveling board " and end gate for Avagons, Avhich he invented and improved. The manu facture of these inA'entions he is iioav pushing forward. In 1869, he Avas married in Stark county to Miss Ella M., daughter of George Gushing. They are the parents of one son and tAvo daughters — George G., /Nellie E. and Jessie A. In religious matters he is entirely Christian, OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. t 335 yet liberal to a degree and yields hearty moral support to all churches. Samuel Mills Dewey, son of AndreAv and Harriet (Pinneo) DeAvey, was born December 21, 1823, at Hanover, N. H. His father, avIio was a carpenter, carried on a small farm here in connection Avith his trade, and on this farm the subject of this sketch Avorked in his boyhood, at the same time attending the district school. In 1836 or 1837, the family moved to Canaan, N. H., Avhere AndreAv purchased a farm and established a saw and shingle mill. With the exception of about one year passed at school in Hanover, Samuel M. assisted his father both on the farm and in the mill. In 1844, he visited Boston and held the position of book-keeper in the drug store of Carruth, Whittier & Co., until the character of the work and the cold sea breeze brought on a severe sickness. On his recovery he -looked westward, and in the fall of 1848, moved to Canton, 111., Avhere he was clerk for Mr. Graham, and subsequently clerk and partner in the house of Stipp & Bass. Close attention to business there threatened another attack of sickness, Avhich urged him to move to Toulon in 1852. Here he Avas clerk in John Culbertson's house for a short time, when, in jiartnership with the late DaA'is LoAvman, be established the firm of DeAvey & Lowman. In 1865, he established a banking house at Toulon, Avhich is still carried on by his nephew, Samuel Burge and his son, C. P. DeAvey. In the course of his business life here he had for partners — Davis LoAvman, Patrick NoAvlan, William LoAvman and Samuel Burge. Mr. DeAvey Avas married in May, 1853,- to Miss Cornelia, daughter of Myron and Adaline (Rice) Phelps, of LeAviston, 111. This old settler Avas born in Ontario county, N. Y., March 17, 1803, settled near Springfield in 1824, and carried on an extensive trade in furs and peltries with the Indians and early settlers of Illinois, Iowa and Cedar Valley. Mrs. Myron Phelps died March 24, 1851 ; but in April, 1855, this pioneer married Miss Mary Proctor, of Rawley, Mass. He died at LeAviston, August 15, 1878. His daughter, Avho married Samuel M. Dewey, died at ioulon, January 2, 1862, leaving two sons, Charles Phelps and Harry Pinneo DeAvey. In June, 1863, Mr. DeA\'ey married Miss Sarah M. Hale, of Rowley, Mass. In 1853, he united Avith the Congregational church, and at the time of his death, August 31, 1866, Avas clerk and trustee of that church and superintendent of the Sabbath school. A reference to the official, social, religious and business life of Toulon village, will point out more definitely the several parts taken by him during his life here, and further, will show Avhat his children and old associates have done and are doing to advance all the interests of this section. Quoting from Rev. R. C. Dunn's funeral sermon, delivered in 1866, this brief sketch of a useful citizen closes: "His loss to the church as well as to the community Avill be a severe one. It was especially in private life — in his OAvn family — that his shining qual ities were seen. Those that met him only in business little kneAv his sterling ivorth. * * * * * We cannot enter the privacy of his home life ; but those that enjoyed his ever-ready hospitality can form some idea of Avhat he AA'as." Stephen Deaver, son of Stephen and Sarah (Bouchman-Stephens) 336 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Deaver, was born in Baltimore county, Md., November 20, 1828. His father Avas a native of Maryland and a blacksmith ; his mother, of Washington, D. C. Stephen, Jr., learned the Avoolen business in his native county, and about 1843 moved to Philadelphia, Pa., Avhere he was engaged in that trade for fifteen years, meanAvhile resided at Bonaparte, la., for two years. About 1858 he moved to Wilmington, Del., and in 1859 to Northeast, Md., where he married Miss Hattie Carter, of BrandyAvine, Del. Returning to Wilmington, in 1862, he lhed there until 1868, Avhen he came to Monmouth, 111. In 1869 he came to Toulon, Stark county, and embarked in the manufacture of woolen goods, with his brother-in-law, James Frill. In 1871, Mr. DeaA'er acquired a sole interest in the mills and business, conducting them successfully down to the present time. Mr. and Mrs. Deaver are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, the former since 1866, the latter from her girlhdod. He has also served the society as steward and class-leader ; is a member of the Stark County Agricultural Society and of the Toulon Lodge of Odd FelloAvs. His son, William EllsAvorth Deaver, is a young man of much promise. Miss Kezia Darter, nee Mrs. Young, Avas born in Maine, in 1799 ; married Stephen Young in 1823; moved to loAva in 1854, and to Tou lon in 1858. Mr. Young died in 1875; herself on February 3, 1886. Robert J. Dickenson, son of William ToAvnsend and Rebecca (Weller) Dickenson, was born at Woodburne, Sullivan county, N. Y., September 3, 1836. His parents AA'ere natives of Duchess county, N. Y., and Ver mont, respectively. In 1855, they moved to this county, where Robert J. Dickenson completed his knowledge of the building trade, Avith his father and has been very prominently connected with this trade down to the present time. In 1857 he married Miss Laurette M., daughter of James Chapman, of Steuben county, N. Y. Their children are: James B., a builder, of Toulon; Harvey E., paper-hanger, frescoer and decorator ; Laura A. and John W. Upon the beginning of the Rebel lion Mr. Dickenson Avas residing at Lafayette. On August 14, 1862, he enlisted in Company B., One-hundred and-tAventy-seventh Illinois Infan try, and folloAved the fortunes of that command until, at the siege of Vicksburg, he lost his arm by a minnie bullet; was sent to hospital and received honorable discharge September 24, 1863. On regaining health he engaged in teaching school, meantime giving attention to the arts of drafting and building. Many of the neAV business blocks at Toulon, Samuel Burge's palatial residence, the Congregational church, the County Agricultural Society's buildings, the residence of A. F. Stickney, S. M. Adams and A. Ii. Galbraith, Avith those of the Arm strongs, Lehmans and H. H. Oliver, bear testimony to the character of his studies in this direction. Mr. Dickenson is a member of the W. W. Wright Post, G. A. R., of the I. O. O. F. and of the Stark County Agri cultural Society. He is a strong temperance advocate, and for years has been identified with the literary, musical and social progress of Toulon. Mrs. Dorcas, Avife of the late B. S. Foster, died at Little River, Kan., April 28, 1883, aged seventy-four years. She came from Maine to Illinois thirty-five years prior to 1883. OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 337 Henry Bradford Dorrance, deceased, was the son of Lemuel Smith and Mahala (Fuller) Dorrance. He was born in what is now Penn toAvnship, August 30, 1836. Lemuel was descended from one of the old Dutch families of Pennsylvania, while his wife, daughter of Orange and Hepsey (Munroe) Fuller, Avas born in York state, the ancestors of her father being some of the " Mayflower " immigrants, as related in the history of the Fuller family in this chapter. Henry B. Avas edu cated in the schools here and at Galesburg. On August 1, 1858, he married Miss Mary E., daughter of John R. and Lucretia (Hallaw- baugh) PoAvell. Her father Avas a native of NeAV Jersey, where his Welsh ancestors settled, and her mother of Pennsylvania, Avhere her German ancestors made a home. Mary (Powell) Dorrance was born July 4, , 1842, at Milwaukee, Wis., but was brought to this county when a child, and here was educated. In 1858, Avith her husband, she took up her residence on his fifty-acre farm in Penn township, and moved with him to Toulon toAvnship, where he purchased one hundred acres. Their children are, Effie L., Avife of E. P. Engle, CoAvly county, Kan., and Lemuel S. attending school at Brooklyn, Iowa. Mr. Dor rance Avas a farmer during his Avhole life. In politics he was decidedly republican, in school matters ever interested and in business upright. His death occurred in March, 1885. John Drinnin, born in Ireland in 1812, came to Canada in 1832, to the United States in 1834 ; Avas a contractor on the Erie railroad; married Miss Acker at Buffalo, N. Y., in 1840; moved to Toulon tOAvn- ship in 1844, Avhere he died September 16, 1881. Father Moynihan conducted the service of the dead. Joseph Drinnin, a Stark county man, Avas elected sheriff of Platte county, Neb., in 1885. Luther Driscoll, whose name is identified with the earhy history of Stark, Avas born in Connecticut, May 14, 1791, died April 5, 1858. His wife Avas Mary Neal, born in Pennsylvania, December 28, 1809, died July 30, 1876. Their son, G. C. Driscoll, resides near Lafayette. Mrs. Mary Etta Dugan, one of the very old settlers, died May 10, 1881, aged sixty-five years. William Dunn, a soldier of the war of 1812, died January 23, 1863, aged eighty-seven years, at the house of his son-in-law, Seth Johnson, at Toulon. He was a native of York state. Rev. R. C. Dunn, born in Georgia, like his brother Augustus, Avas in his youth a school teacher in Georgia. On moving to Ohio Avith the family in 1831, he studied at Cincinnati, and on coining to this county in 1836, left nothing undone to acquire jiractical knowledge. In 1840 he attended the Galesburg Academy, Avorking for his board and tuition; in 1843 he entered college there, and in 1847 Avas one of three who graduated with the second class graduated from1 Knox Col lege. In 1850 he received the diploma of Master of Arts, having mean time traveled and taught school in several places. On October 31, 1850, he married Miss Sarah A. Marvin, then cast aside his law studies, and in November, 1850, entered the Union Theological Seminary, of New York, studied there for three years, preached for one year in Western New York, then came to Peoria, where he filled the pulpit of the Congregational church for three months, and in January, 1855, 338 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES succeeded Rev. S. G. Wright, as minister at Toulon, as related in the history of the Congregational church there. In 1867 he was called to Oneida, Knox county, and there died May, 24, 1868, and in 1869 his remains were moved to Toulon. In the history of Toulon, the school chapter and political chapter, full references are made to this distin guished pioneer. Otis T. Dyer and family left Wyoming for San Francisco in July, 1880. William 21. Eagelston, born at Albany, N. Y., April 15, 1819, is the son of John T. and Mary (Charles) Eagelston. Father Avas a native of Philadelphia, and son of James Eagelston. a seafaring man and captain in the United States Mercantile Marine, who served with dis tinction in the Avar of 1812, and died of his wounds in Bellevue Hospi tal, NeAV York. He Avas one of seven brothers, Avho came to America from Yorkshire, England, but little of whom is knoAvn. John T. was a rope and sail maker by trade, and the only child of Captain James Eagleston. He married at Albany, N. Y., Miss Mary Charles, a native of Oxfordshire, England, by Avhom he had three sons ancl three daughters, all of whom became the heads of families, namely : William M.; James, a farmer of Texas, Avho settled there before the Avar; Thomas is a farmer of Penn township ; Maria is widow of Pier son Shepherd, of Peoria county ; Elizabeth, wife of Joseph Soper, of Kansas, ancl Ellen, widow of the late Mr. Ribby, of Illinois. William M. spent his boyhood at Albany, and came with his parents to Illinois •in 1S33, AA'ho settled at what is noAv Kickapoo toAvn, Peoria codnty, 111., Avhere William grew to manhood and married Miss Emiline Fargo, a native of Ashtabula county, O., AA'hose jiarents, Thomas and Mabel (BidAvell) Fargo, removed to Peoria county, 111., in 1835. They have five sons and four daughters — Harriet Ann, deceased Avife of Allen Ticknor, of Iowa, she died in Penn toAvnship, leaving one son noAv deceased; John is a farmer of Penn township, and parent of one son and one daughter; William is a farmer of Osceola tOAvnship and has three sons and two daughters; George D. is a farmer of Penn toAvnship, has four sons ; Charles, a farmer of Penn, has tAvo daughters ; Jennie, Avife of J. C. Bloomer, real estate ancl money dealer of Kansas City; Fannie, Avife of S. H. Smith, a merchant of OttaAva, Kan.; James, a farmer, and Abbie. Upon coining to this county in 1852, Mr. Eagelston took up land in Benn, purchased 160 acres Avhich he imjiroved ancl meantime added property aggregating 640 acres of choice land, improving during his time the making of four large and well improved farms. In 1873 he removed to Wyoming. Has served on the school board of the toAvnship, ancl has taken a full part in all matters relating to public Avell-being. He has given considerable at tention to stock-groAving and horse-breeding as Avell as agriculture. Thomas Fargo Avas born in Saundersfield, Mass., and of a long line of ancestry of that state. His mother was born in Lichfield, Conn. Thomas Fargo Avas a soldier in the Avar of 1812. Mr. Eagelston is a member of the Masonic order Avith three of his sons. He is a member of the Royal Arch, while Mrs Eagelston is a member of Eastern Star Lodge, Avith two of her daughters, Jennie and Abbie. OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. , 339 Calvin Livermore Eastman, son of Stephen ancl Sarah (Emmons) Eastman, Avas born at Bridgewater, N. H., January 21, 1814, of Avbich state his parents ancl grandparents were natives. Stephen Avas the son of Thomas Eastman, jr., who Avas a soldier in. the War of Inde pendence, and was engaged in the battles of Bunker Hill, Monmouth, Stillwater (where he Avas severely wounded) ancl Saratoga. Stephen's family consisted of five sons and tAvo daughters, of Avhom only three sons are noAv living — Calvin L. and Stephen W., who reside at Toulon, 111., and Luther D., who resides at Bloomington, 111. The daughters married, and both died on the old homestead in BridgeAvater. The mother of these children died on the old homestead, in December, 1824, and the family was then broken up ancl the children separated. Calvin L., then about eleven years of age, was bound to a paper maker at Holderness, now Ashland, N. H., where he remained three and one-half years, ancl then returned to his home, and remained until the spring of 1830, when he Avent to Plymouth, N. H., and apprenticed himself to a blacksmith at $30 a year. He left Plymouth late in the fall of 1 834, and went to Newton, Mass., Avhere he readily found em ployment at his trade of blacksmith, at $15 per month. He remained at Newton until April, 1838, Avorking at his trade, attending school there ancl at NeAv Hampton, N. H., and teaching school. On the 13th of April, 1838, he left Boston for the west, and arrived at Hennepin, 111., about the 1st of May. From Hennepin he came, by the way of IncliantoAvn (now Tiskihva) and Providence, to what is now Stark county, ancl located near Cox's Mill, on Indian Creek, where he estab lished a blacksmith shop about the 1st of August, 1838. Here he was joined by his brother Stephen W., late in December of the same year, and they Avovked together at blacksmithing until the folloAving spring, when they erected a shop in the then village of Moulton, Avhere they continued the business until the spring of 1843, AA'hen they dissolved partnership, and Calvin L. moved the shop upon an adjoining quarter section of land (N. W. 10), Avhich he had jmrchased, and there con tinued to Avork at his trade while improving his land. Mr. Eastman sold this farm, Avith other lands which he had jmrchased, in the fall of 1851, and removed to Toulon, and in the following year built the dAvelling house Avhere he noAv resides, where he has lived most of the time since. Mr. Eastman was married at Princeville, Peoria county, 111., January 30, 1844, to Miss Elmina, daughter of Stephen French, Esq., of Prince's Grove, who settled there in 1828 — the first Avhite family that settled in that vicinity. Mrs. Eastman Avas the third child of eleven children born to Mr. and Mrs. French, all but one of whom are now dead. Mrs. Eastman died at Toulon, July 3, 1886, after hav ing been many years an invalid. The children of Mr. and Mrs. East man are Charles W., a prominent merchant of Winterset, Iowa ; Frank F., a graduate of West Point, noAv a lieutenant in the Four teenth Regiment, United States Infantry, stationed at Vancouver Bar rack, Washington Territory; Fred. A, four years sheriff of Ida county, la., and at present an extensive dealer in lands and live stock in that county, and Miss Sarah L. Eastman, Avho lives at home and keeps house for her father. Stark county adopted the system of town- 340 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES ship organization in 1852, and Mr. Eastman, Flenry Breese and Theo dore F. Hurd were appointed commissioners to divide the county into toAvns and name them. They met at Toulon, January 3, 1853, and divided the county into eight towns identical with the congressional toAvnships, and gave them the names they iioav bear. Mr. Eastman was elected the first supervisor of Toulon, in April, 1853. In 1856, Mr. Eastman and John T. Lindsay of Peoria Avere nominated by the republicans to rejiresent the legislative district composed of Stark and Peoria counties, in the General Assembly, and Avere elected ; but in one toAvn in Peoria county 150 A'otes Avere cast for Calvin M. East man instead of Calvin L. Eastman, ancl upon this flimsy pretext, he Avas refused a certificate ancl his competitor Avas seated. Upon a con test in the house Mr. Eastman Avas denied the seat to Avhich he had been rightfully elected by a tie vote. In 1862 Mr. Eastman Avas again nominated, with Enoch Emery of Peoria, for the General Assembly; and both received a large majority in republican Stark, but were de feated by the heavy democratic vote in Peoria county, ancl their com petitors, Judge William Holgate of Stark, and W. W. O'Brien of Peoria, were elected. After Mr. Eastman removed to Toulon he purchased, improved ancl sold two large farms in Stark county, and has always been considered a model farmer. In 1876 he bought and improved, and erected good substantial buildings upon, a section of Ian 1 in Ida county, IoAva. A railroad Avas built through, and a station located ujion it, which greatly enhanced its value, and in 1882 he sold out ancl quit farming, but purchased another section Avhich he now owns. No man in the community has done more to improA'e the country, enhance the value of projierty, and add to the comfort of man and beast by the erection of substantial buildings, than Mr. Eastman. It has been his greatest pleasure to convert raw, uncultivated land into beautiful farms, with productive fields and comfortable homes. In his private life Mr. Eastman has ahvays been an active, enterprising citi zen, taking an active part and Avorking faithfully for the advancement of good morals, good society and good government; ancl in his busi ness ancl social relations doing unto others as he Avould have them do unto him. Stephen W. Eastman, the third son of Stephen and Sarah (Emmons) Eastman, was born at Bridgewater, N. H., November 15, 1815. Iiis brothers Avere Luther D., Calvin L., Albert F. and John E.; his sisters were Sarah E. and Hattie A. His mother died in December, 1824, and the family being broken up, he lived at different places in the vicinity of Bridge Avater until the sjiring of 1834, AA'hen he Avent to learn the blacksmith's trade at WentAvorth, N. 11. He remained there about two years, and then moved to CharlestoAvn, Mass., where he remained ancl Avorked at his trade until the fall of 1838, excejit Avhile attending tAvo terms of school at rXvton, Mass., and tAvo terms at Ncav Hamp ton, N. H., with his brother Calvin. Late in December, 1838, he emi grated from Massachusetts to Illinois, and joined his brother, Calvin L., at Moulton village on Indian creek in Stark county. The brothers carried on their trade, blacksmithing, in partnership until the spring of 1843, Avhen the partnerhip was dissolved, and Stephen proceeded to OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 343 Chicago, 111., Avhere he remained until the fall of the same year. He then returned to Stark county, and engaged in blacksmithing at Toulon on his oavii account. Mr. Eastman Avas married May 23, 1845, to Susan M. Gill, daughter of Elder Elisha Gill. Tavo daughters were born to them — Oelestia J. ancl Eliza. The former married Solomon Fields, noAv of Shenandoah, Page county, IoAva, and the latter E. B. Cox, noAv of Odel, Neb. Both are the mothers of large families. Mr. Eastman Avas elected probate judge in 1847, but resigned the office in the spring of 1849, to join the army of gold-seekers who flocked to the California diggings that year. He remained absent two years, ancl then returned, as most of the gold hunters did, no better off than when he started. On his return Mr. Eastman found that his Avife had died on December 9, 1850. She Avas the first person buried in the new Toulon cemetery. He Avent to Avork improving the farm he still owns, situated about three miles east of Toulon, and to Avhich he has added from time to time until he now owns 380 acres of valuable land. On January 16, 1855, he married Mrs. Martha Merchant, of this county, and they at once Avent to house-keeping on the farm. Mr. Eastman noAv ceased Avorking at his trade, ancl devoted his Avhole time and attention to farming, ancl soon became an extensive ancl successful farmer. Three children were born by his second wife — Stephen Melber, Hattie Luella ancl John E. The first two are dead. Mr. East man became an active member of the first Bajitist church of Toulon in 1854, ancl Avas soon afterward appointed or chosen deacon. This jiosition he has held ever since, and has always been one of the most liberal supporters of his church. By reason of his age and infirmities he has retired from the farm and farming, and now lives at Toulon, Avhere he Avill probably spend the rest of his clays. Mr. Eastman and all of his brothers Avere and are Republicans in politics. The East mans have never made much use of strong drink; and for more than one hundred ancl fifty years only one member of the family has eArer used tobacco in any form. Emory J. Edwards, born in Essex county, New Jersey, April 7, 1839, is the son of William H. ancl Deborah (Aldrich) EdAvards. He Avas son of Rev. John EdAvards, a native of Connecticut, and a meth- odist minister. William Ii. and Avife moved to Luzerne county, Penn sylvania, Avhere Emory J. Edwards was reared and educated. In 1865 he moved to Illinois, located in Osceola toAA'nship, and carried on farming there for several years. In 1873 he left the farm, and settling at Wyoming, engaged in the hotel business, but a few years after re sumed farming in Essex township. In 1883 he returned to Wyoming, ancl engaged in the hardAvare business, Avhich he conducted until 1884, since Avhich time he has devoted his attention to his tAvo farms. His daughter, Mary, is the Avife of Marion Beall, iioav of Nebraska. She was the daughter of Mrs. Lizzie S. Brace, niece of Myrtle Brace, and Avife of Mr. Echvards, who died in 1880, and is buried at Wyoming. She had been a Avorthy member for eighteen. years of the M. E. church. Mr. Echvards married Mrs. Mandana Harwood, nee Merrill. They have one daughter, Alizina Harwood, and one son ancl daughter mar ried — Nelson, a merchant of Bradford, and Ruhama, the wife of Will- 344 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES iam Phoenix. He has been a consistent member of the M. E. Church since boyhood. As stated in the history of the Central Agricultural Society, in the histories of the toAvnships ancl in that of Wyoming, he has been identified with the social, agricultural and commercial prog ress of the county for OATer tAventy years. B. F. Edwards, who died in January, 1881, at Peoria, came from Virginia to Toulon about 1840, ancl for many years was a resident of this county. His son, I. C. Echvards, is a Peoria laAvyer. John G. Emery, born September 24, 1839, in West Jersey town ship, Avhere his parents, Frederick and Hannah (Gaffney) Emery set tled, moved to Henry county in 1860, and to Knox county in 1866. He married Miss Ruth A. Friend in 1872. Joseph Essex, avIio came in 1831 (a brother of Isaac B. Essex), and in 1841 established the first blacksmith shop at Toulon, was stricken Avith paralysis in 1876, ancl died that year. Capt. Artemus Ewers, avIio served in the war and Avas Avounded, died from the result of bullet Avounds inflicted by himself, October 4, 1 879. He Avrote a letter to William Holgate on Sejitember 25, and also left some instructions with his Avife, but the coroner's jury re turned a verdict of accidental shooting. Spencer Falconer, born at Culpepper, Va., seventy-seven years ago, died at Thomas Falconer's house, north of Wyoming, Ma}' 22, 1886. Davis Fast died in Barton county, Mo., January 25, 1882, at the age of ninety years. For fifty j^ears he Avas a member of the Masonic society. Mrs. Elizabeth Fast, Sr., died in July, 1881, in her 92d year. John Finley died February 28, 1883, aged eighty-one years. He Avas born in Fayette county, Pa., in 1802; moved to Richland, O., in 1811 ; married Rebecca Gaffney in 1828 ; settled in Illinois in 1834, and in Stark county in 1838. In 1856 his first Avife died. In 1861 he mar ried Mrs. Sarah Adams. Rev. J. J. Fleharty, born at JacksonAdlle, 111., February 5, 1835, died at Tampa, Fla., May 2, 18S4. From 1858 to the' time of his death he was a minister of the Methodist Episcojial church, serving in this county a portion of the time. Benjamin C. Follett, son of Benjamin ancl Emily (Culbertson) Fol lett, was born in Ohio, March 18, 1844. This family is one of the oldest in Ohio, ancl in every generation has contributed to Ohio one or more useful and distinguished citizens. His father died in 1862, leav- ing young Follett the possessor of a sound common-school education. At this time he entered mercantile life at Chillicothe ; Avas book-keeper there, ancl for seven years sujiported his mother and sister. ToAvard the close of the Avar he enlisted in Company A., One-hundred-and-forty- ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, ancl after the cessation of hostilities came to Toulon, Avhere his uncle, John Culbertson, Avas the leading merchant. He entered business Avith him as a partner, and for eighteen years Avas one of the most prominent merchants in the county. Sub sequently he purchased the large hotel on Washington street, Avhich he noAv OAvns ancl conducts. He married Miss Helen M. Rhodes, a daughter .of one of the county's pioneers and jnominent citizens. Thev are the parents of three children, namely : Miss Emma, Miss Plessie and John; each one filling a place in the economy of home, and the ladies of the OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 345 family prominent in woman's work of the toAvn. Mr. Follett has served in the council, as corresjionding secretary of the County Agri cultural Society, and is a member of the Masonic ancl Odd Fellow lodges of Toulon. The family name, sometimes written Ffolliott, Fol- liette and Folliott, is of French origin, dating back to the earlier years of our history. Mrs. Pleasant {Bateman- Culbertson) Follett was born near Chilli- cothe, 0., June 22, 1803; moved to Richmond, O., Avith her husband, in 1822; in 1841 came to Stark county, AA'here her husband opened a small general store, on the south av est corner of the north Avest-quarter of section 24 in Goshen toAvnship, just west of Indian creek, on the north side of the jrablic road from Toulon to Lafayette. A little later this business Avas moved to Toulon and carried on where is noAv the Methodist parsonage. She married her second husband, LodoAvick Follett, Ajiril 16, 1872. Fie died in 1879, aged sixty-seven years. Mrs. Follett, herself," died November 12, 1886, leaving all her property to Dr. James Culbertson, the only legal heir. The will provided a farm for Mrs. B. C. Follett, her adopted daughter ; but this valuable tract was sold prior to her death, thus, it is said, invalidating 4his section of the document. Miles A. Fuller ancl Samuel Burge vvere named as trustees of the estate. Sarah E. {Moler) Foglesong, born in Maryland in 1834, married Henry Foglesong in 1851, came to Stark county two years before her death. William Fuller, born in Luzerne county, Pa., in 1819, settled where Modena nOAV is in 1836, Avas married first in 1849, secondly in 1858, died in September, 1879. Judge Miles Avery Fuller, son of Orange and Hepseh (Monroe Fuller, was born in Luzerne Co. Penn. April 25, 1822. His father was a nathe of Stockbridge, Mass., his mother, of NeAV York ; but both old settlers of Pennsylvania. In 1836 Orange Fuller and. family of six sons came from their old home in the east ancl settled in Penn toAvnship Avhere they engaged in farming and saw mill building. One daughter, Mrs. Lemuel S. Dorrance, marriea in Pennsylvania, came to this coun ty in 1834. Miles A. Fuller engaged in agriculture and milling until his 31st year, he and a brother building the Modena Mills. In 1853 he was elected County Clerk on the Whig ticket by tAventy-two votes over his Democratic friend, Milton Warren, and reelected in 1857, 1861 and 1865 without opposition on the Republican ticket. During his official terms he react law, Avas admitted to practice in 1862, ancl since 1869 has continuously practiced here. In 1875 he was commissioned Notayv Public, which position he has. since filled. In 1869 he was chosen delegate to the Constitutional Convention, Avith Henry W. Wells over Henry Grove and Martin Shallenberger, the Democratic candi dates. In 1870 he Avas elected rejiresentative in the State Legislature over James M. Rogers, and filled local offices of trust as related in the history of Toulon. He Avas a very active and useful supporter of the Lnion during the war, and was commissioner from Stark at Spring field, to inquire into the Military credits and debits of this county incon- nection with the county's quotas of men. Mr. Fuller married Miss r 346 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Anna, daughter of Zebulon ancl Mary (Smith) Avery, pioneers of this county, to whom Avas born Delia, now Mrs. Cross, of Rich Hill, Bates county, Mo. Mrs. Fuller died in 1848. In later years he married Miss Elizabeth Walker. They were the j>arents of three sons and tAvo daughters, viz., Frank Fuller, a merchant ; Victor, attorney at law, Toulon ; Ada, hoav Mrs. Henry C. Fuller, of Peoria, and Miss Lizzie and Ernest, deceased. Mrs. Fuller is a member of the Baptist society, but ever ready to extend aid to other denominations. A reference to the chajiters of the general and local history will point out minutely the various enterprises in which he has been engaged, and his recent elec tion as county judge. Ernest C. Fuller, while en route to Peoria, July 24, 1881, fell from the freight train under the wheels and was so mangled that death end ed his sufferings on the 26th. He was the son of Miles A. Fuller, born at Toulon, June 9, 1859. No event in the history of the town cast a deeper shadoAV of sorrow, than did the death of this young merchant. Andrew Galbraith, son of Hugh ancl Ann (Wilson) Galbraith, natives of Ireland, Avhose family history is given in the sketch of Goshen township, was born at Philadelphia, Pa., August 18, 1838, and there received his education. In 1859 he accompanied his parents to this county, ancl resided Avith them until August, 1862, Avhen he enlisted in the New York Marine Artillery, served six months, when he was discharged at Newbern, N. C, on account of irregularity in form of enlistment. He at once reenlisted at Newbern, N. C, in the United States Navy ; served on the gunboat Delaware until discharged at Baltimore, February, 1864. During the following twelve months he was engaged at home. In February, 1865, he enlisted in Company I, One-hundred-and-fifty-first Illinois volunteer Infantry, Avas elected second lieutenant, and in July following Avas promoted first lieutenant, ancl served Avith this rank until February, 1866, Avhen the command was mustered out. On returning, he established a meat-market at Toulon and dealt in live stock, ancl until 1875 Avas extensively engaged in this business. In 1875, he was elected constable and ajvpointed clejiuty-sheriff, which position he held until 1882, when he was nomi nated by the Republicans ancl elected sheriff of Stark county, filling the office Avith rare ability until December, 1S86, Avhen, under the new state laAV relating to tenure of office, he Avas succeeded by James Mon tooth. A reference to the sketches of the Odd Fellows society, Grand Army Post, and other organizations of the toAvn and county ay ill point out his social relations here. In religious matters, he supjiorts the Congregational church, of Avhich tAvo of his children are members, Cora B. ancl Harry A. In 1S66, Mr. Galbraith married Miss Hannah R., daughter of the late Owen W. Thomas, whose family history appears in this chapter. Their children are Cora B.. born March, 1867, a school-teacher here; Harry A., born in 1868, clerk in Messrs. Star- rett's store at Toulon; AndreAv. born July 3, 1874, attending school, and Clyta, born in April, 1886. Whether Ave search in the records of any of the three, branches of the United States army in which he served during the Avar, Ave learn of an excellent soldier, ancl in home records of an energetic and useful citizen. OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 347 Charles Geesey, son of Charles and Lydia (Murray) Geesey, Avas born in Steuben county, N. Y. His father died in Fulton county in 1863, leaving six sons and four daughters. Of these, the subject of this sketch learned the trade of Avagon-maker in Ohio, of which state his parents Avere then residents. He subsequently learned the carpen ter's trade, ancl in 1874 moved to Illinois, taking up his residence at Wyoming. Mr. Geesey was married in Ohio to Miss Mary, daughter of Jacob Gyman, a native of Alsace, but herself of Germany. Since coming to Wyoming in 1874, he has devoted his attention to builders' and contractors' work, and his name is identified Avith many business and residence buildings, Avhich mark the progress of Wyoming. Amos P. Gill, born in Chautauqua county, N. Y., came, with his father, Elder Elisha Gill, to Illinois in 1843. In 1849, he and family settled at Toulon. Up to 1851, he Avas the only Odd FelloAv in Toulon, and organized Stark lodge, October 17, 1851. He died February 11, 1870. High. Y. Godfrey, Avhose name occurs as the first nominator of Lincoln for the presidency, Avas born in NeAV Jersey, February 22, 1829; moved to a point opposite Philadelphia in 1846-47; sailed to Mexico about this time, and on returning came Avith jiarents to Toulon, November 5, 1848; learned the carriage- and Avagon-builder's trade here; served eleven months Avith the Thirty-third Illinois In fantry, ancl in 1865 resumed his trade at Toulon. In December, 1850, he married Miss Frances A. McCance. Joel D. Goodale died here August 21, 1885, in the ninety-fifth year of his age. IF. II. Gray, born in Knox county, 111., January 16, 1843, is the son of William and Betsey (Jordan) Gray. His father, Avas a native of NeAV York state and mother of Ohio, Avho came to Illinois in 1835 or 1S36, ancl Avas prominently connected Avith the early manufacturing in terest of Knox county for many years. He died in Bates county, Mo., in 1879. His mother, Betsey Gray, preceded her husband to the grave in 1877. They had three sons and three daughters, all of whom greAv to manhood and Avomanhoocl. William H. spent his boyhood in Ohio; learned his business from his father, and in 1863 came to Stark county, where he carried on farming until 1869, AA'hen he established himself at Princeville, Peoria county ; ancl after one year oame here ancl founded his brick manufacturing industry. He was married in Stark county to Miss Eliza Jane, daughter of Alexander ancl Martha (Jordan) Trapha- gan. They are the parents of six sons and three daughters. Mr. Gray's brick works at Wyoming are among the leading industries of the county. In religious matters, the family attend the Congrega tional church, Avhile in society matters he is a member of the Odd Fel- Ioavs Lodge here ancl of the Encampment. Mrs. Ruby {French) Greenfield, born in 1821, married Elisha Green field in 1846 near Princeville, Peoria county ; later moved north of Wy oming, thence; to Henry county, and finally to Toulon. This lady Avas clroAvned in a cistern here April 24, 1884. The coroner's jury brought in a verdict of suicide. Frederick Rudolph Greenwood, son of Asa and Lucy (Moser) Green- 348 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES wood, was born at Dublin, Cheshire county, N. Ii., December 18, 1826. His grandfather, Joshua, aa'Iio married Hannah Twitchell, was a car penter ancl mechanic, also his greatgrandfather, William, who Avorked there as early as 1762. The family dates back to Thomas Greenwood, Avho came to our shores in 1667, AA'hose grandchildren were found in the ranks of the Revolution, and Avhose children protested jirior to 1776 against British ignorance and tyranny. In 1853 Frederick R. and his father came to Knox county, and located land near Yates City; the father moving a feAv years later to Toulon and thence to his old home in NeAV Hampshire, where he died July 16, 1876, leaving three sons — John, Frederick R. ancl William H. The first resides at DenA'er, Col., the second in Toulon tOAvnship, and the last named lost his life Avhile chief engineer on the Palmer & Sullivan R. R. survey, August 19, 1879, being shot from his horse. A son, named Her man, a master mechanic in railroad shops, died at Galesburg, 111.; Maria married Whitney Tenney, of Orange, Mass., ancl Mary Ann died in youth. Frederick R. greAv to manhood in Marlboro' county, N. H.; there learned the builders' trade, but on coming here turned his attention to agriculture and fine stock growing, ancl in 1864 pur chased his present farm of eighty acres. In 1854 he married here Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Herbert and Sarah (Kennedy) Blakely, avIio came from Marshall county, Ind. Of their tAvo children, Onetta M. is the Avife of James A. Jones, of Burlington Junction, Mo., avIio are the jiarents of three children; the other, Ora Blakely Green avoocI, is a farmer. Mr. Green avoocI, Sr., is a supporter of all churches. He has been a member of the district school board, and like most men Avho earned all they possess, is practical and broad-minded in everything. Colonel W. II Greenwood, born in Dublin, N. H., 1832, the engineer in charge of the Toulon division of the American Central R. R., and Avell knoAvn here, Avas murdered in Mexico, August 19, 1880. On May 28, 1882, Mrs. Mary, widow of Asa Greenwood died at Toulon. She Avas born at Dublin, N. H, in 1814, and in 1853 married, both coming to Stark county about 1854. James Griffin, of , Modena, died in August, 1865. He was an old settler. Elder A. Gross preached in Toulon, in the court house, to the Baji- tist creed, in the years -of 1855 and 1856, and assisted in building the Baptist church, and sent his four oldest children to the academy there, it being the only school Avhere" children could be taught the higher common school branches, nearer than Galesburg. One of the children is iioav Judge W. L. Gross, of Springfield. The Elder ancl his wife board with their daughter at Cathem, ten miles from Springfield. Robert Grieve, a prominent farmer of this toAvnship for almost forty years, was born in Roxburghshire, Scotland, September 27, 1826, emigrated in 1848, and settled on a tract of 145 acres, Section 5, Toulon toAvnship, Avhich he purchased in 1849. As related in the marriage record, he married Miss Ellen Scott in 1856. This lady Avas born in the same shire May 27, 1,830, ancl came to America in 1845. Since his marriage he increased his acreage to 429, together Avith about five acres of timber land, all beautifully situate on Jack Creek, Avhich runs OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 349 through 150 acres. Mr. ancl Mrs. Grieve were the parents of eight children, live of whom are living. Janet, Ellen, Thomas A., ancl Chris tina reside at home, and William is married — a resident of this town ship. The mother of this family died March 30, 1885, and Avas buried in Elmira cemetery. Mr. Grieve has served since its first organization as president of the Farmers' Mutual Insurance Co. Almost since the clay of his settlement here he has been an earnest member of the United Presbyterian church, and clerk of the board of trustees of that body. To matters relating to education and all else bearing on the interests of the toAvnships of Toulon ancl Elmira, and, indeed, of the county in general, he ghes close attention. In political life the Re publican jiarty claims him as a member. Thomas Half, 21. D., was born at Mansel Park, Derbyshire, Eng land, May 12, 1805 ; married Miss Matilda Manifold, of Findern in that shire, May 14, 1829, ancl with his family of four children came to the United States in 1837, settled in Elmira toAvnship for a few years, moved to Toulon village in 1841, ancl resided there until his death, in 1871b Mrs. Shallenberger, his eldest child, speaks of him in her work, " Stark County and Her Pioneers," and from her history of the family the folloAving is taken : " Indeed, while he Avas yet quite young, it Avas decided to give him a thorough educational and professional training, in the direction of medicine and surgery. So he Avas kept steadily at school after he had reached his eighth year, first at the village school of Hulland, AA'here he acquired the rudiments of an education ; from there at the age of ten, he Avas transferred to a sort of grammar school at West-Under-Woocl ; from there to Brailsford for the study of French and Latin; at fourteen he Avent for tAvo years to a finishing school at Quarndon, ancl at sixteen Avas " entered as an apjirentice " (this being the laAV of the laud) to Dr. Coleman of Wolverhampton for five years. Having iioav attained his majority, " he went to Avalk the hos pital at Guys," and during the next tAvo years in London, enjoyed the instruction of many eminent men, Avhose names have since become historical, especially in the archives of medical science. A • feAv of these Ave may record as possessing a modicum of inter est for the professional reader, should any such honor these pages ivith a perusal. "On Materia Medica ancl Therapeutics" the lecturer Avas Thomas Addison, M. D., on " The Principles and Practice of Physic," John Armstrong. On the diploma granted to Thomas Hall, by " The Royal College of Surgeons" in 1828 are the signatures of Sir Astley Cooper and " plain John A bernethy." In 1850, Rush Medical College conferred on Thomas Hall, in vieAv of the high testimonials he had brought Avith him from his native land, and his long experience in Avestern practice, an "honorary degree," constituting him "Doctor of Medicine," "done at Chicago. Illinois, February 7th, 1850." Thus, it may be seen the doctor holds in his hands the best credentials of both lands ; but perhaps no man ever lived Avho valued such honors less, or cared less for distinction of any kind. When he came to Illinois in 1837, he brought Avith him not only a thorough acquaintance Avith his jirofession, but the prestige of nearly ten years successful practice at home ; to these advantages may be added an abounding vitality, giving 350 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES poAvers of endurance far beyond the average of men. Then he brought with him a library of choice medical works and surgical instruments of the most approved pattern then known, to meet every emergency. Coining thus equipped, to a neAV and groAving state, Avhat opjiortuni- ties for professional distinction and ultimate wealth loomed up before him, had he been gifted with even ordinary ambition. But this he had not. He built him a cabin and settled down in the obscurity of Osceola Grove ; ancl although the finest lands could still be held by pre-emption, and afterwards came into market and were sold at $1.25 per acre, yet he never bought one, although from the date of his set tlement he had a large practice, soon kept four or five horses and rode almost constantly. In 1840, when sickness here assumed a very fatal type, dysentery and typhoid fevers prevailing to a frightful extent, he rode on horseback for nine successive weeks, eighty miles one day and fifty-six the other, alternately. In 1846, he and his jiartner, Dr. Cham berlain, treated fifteen hundred cases of fever and ague or kindred dis eases, using in their jiractice that season eighty ounces of cjuinine or its equivalent, in the shape of the extract of Peruvian bark. When ad vised by his family or friends in those days to collect his dues and in vest them in something for future resource, he Avould turn aAvay Avith a smile saying, " Don't bother me about such trifles, I am laying up treasures in heaven ! " But Avhile thus indifferent to pecuniary reAvards, he Avas by no means insensible to the apjiroval, or gratitude of his jiatients. No man ever more highly ajipreciated the beaming smile or moistened eye, that must sometimes reveal, especially to a physician, emotion too deep for utterance, or treasured in a Avarmer heart the memory of grateful Avords and generous deeds! * * * * * Rather than disappoint the sick whom he knew would be AA'atching anxiously for his coining, he encountered all sorts of personal perils and discom forts — braved all dangers, buffetting with the fierce storm at mid night on the snow-covered pathless prairie, swimming SAVollen rivers, sometimes Avith the thermometer so Ioav that he Avas encased in an in flexible armor of ice, five minutes after he had emerged from the flood. For some of the most desjierate of these exploits he rather seems to enjoy saying, " I never received a cent." Of late years, when to our A'ieAv death seemed hovering very near him, he would refer to a little incident that occurred long ago, in his nath'e land, but Avhich has no doubt colored more or less his Avhole life. When, as he relates, having Avon his diploma, he Avas about leaving home to begin life and jiractice for himself, his mother followed him to the gate, ancl laying her hand lovingly on his shoulder said, " Tom, do your duty by all, but espe cially remember the poor ; " and he Avould add, " I am not afraid to meet, my mother, for she knoAvs I have clone as she told me." But we must not particularize, or this sketch, Avhich was intended should be brief, Avill groAV into a volume. Dr. Hall Avas married May 14th, 1829, to Miss Matilda Manifold, of Finclern, Derbyshire, England. This lady Avas our mother, and we have lost her all too lately to discuss with any appearance of imjiartiality (if that Avas de sirable) her fife ancl character. Her memory is enshrined in the OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 351 hearts of her friends; Ave leave it with them alone, knowing this would be her desire could she be consulted ; for feAv ever shrank more instinctively from public gaze than she. Her inner life was a sealed casket, not many had the privilege of unlocking. Let a rev erential silence veil its treasures still ! Her children can never esti mate their indebtedness to her, not only for the mere fact of existence, Avhich sometimes in this uncertain world is rather a questionable boon, or for tbe mother's loA'e she gave them all ; but for that " well of English unclefiled," which her conversation always supjilied, and for even a tithe of the mental acuteness and physical vigor she possessed. She left us August S, 1874, in the seventy-second year of her age, yet, as another truly said, " she died as the young die," with all her facul ties in full play, as if with her, it Avas yet life's morning! The children of this marriage are in the order of their ages. 1st, Eliza, the Avriter of this little A'olume ; 2nd, Harriet M., wife of P. M. Blair, Esq.; 3d, Mary S., who rests beside her mother; 4th, Henry M. Hall, present editor and proprietor of The Red Oak New Era ; 5th, Dr. Walter Thomas Hall, successor to his father's home and honors ; 6th, Louisa, Avife of Mr. John C. Emery, hoav of OttuniAva, Iowa; 7th, James Knox Hall, at present following his trade, that of a printer at Cambridge, 111. We may remark in jiassing, that of these children, the first four Avere born in England, prior to the emigration, the three remaining ones being native Illinoisans. Mrs. Emery was the first child ever born in the toAvn of Toulon, to Avhich place the family removed soon after the site Avas surveyed, and have resided within its limits since July 6, 1842. As AA'e write that date, memory reproduces with wonderful fidelity, the picture of that summer morning, so long ago. We had been up since daAvn, marking Avith charcoal the logs in our big cabin, prepara tory to taking them out of their places, and loading them on the wagons, Avhich would soon be waiting for them. By six o'clock the family had breakfasted, the teams Avere arriving, and the bustle of moving began in earnest. Think of it reader, not only the contents of the house and all the apjmrtenances of a large family to be packed ancl loaded, but the house itself to be taken clown and prepared for a journey to Toulon ! We can see the teams, many of them consisting of four horses, as they drew uj) around the scene of our labors. They had come from Spoon rhrer, from Wethersfield, from Lafayette and Walnut creek, "to help the doctor move." We could give you the names of the drivers — true pioneers every one of them, not a laggard among them all ; but our readers would not know them, for they have nearly all taken a longer journey since that time, from Avhich they never returned. But finally the last load started, even Peter Miner's laugh Avas lost in the lengthening distance, ancl silence settled upon the hill, Avhere for five years there had been a busy hapjiy home, ring ing Avith the voices of children, and the jiatter of little feet. But we looked our fareAvells to the spot, ancl not without tears set our faces in another direction. We Avere soon on the open jirairie, and toAvards evening reached our destination, the house or Mr. Benjamin Turner, 21 352 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES who in those days kept a sort of hotel for the accommodation of the public. The cabin had undergone a second 'raising,' the roof was partly on and we could say Ave had already a home in Toulon." J. Knox Hall, son of Dr. Thomas and Matilda (Mannifold) Hall, Avas born at Toulon, April 20, 1848. Here he received a practical com mon school education, and in 1863 entered mercantile life, in Avhich he continued four years. Next entering the office of the New Era with his brother, Henry M. Hall, he acquired a thorough knoAvledge of typography, and held a jiosition "at the case," on the News for three years, and was connected with the neAvspaper jiress up to April, 1886, when he received the first postmaster's commission issued to Illinois by the present executive On April 30, 1881, Avhen the firm of T. H. Blair and W. E. Nixon, jiublishers of the Stark County Sentinel, dissolved, he purchased T. H. Blair's in terest, ancl Avith Mr. Nixon took hold of this journal. To him in freatest measure is due the promjit success Avhich Avaited on the 'entinel, of which paper he became sole jiroprietor in 1882. On Janu ary 1, 1884, Gus Hulsizer purchased a half interest, and the firm of Hall & Hulsizer conducted the Sentinel until February 13, 1885, Avhen the present OAvner and editor, Mr. Hulsizer, purchased Mr. Hall's interest therein. He was married to Miss Eva Ardell, daughter of the late B. F. Young ; they are the jiarents of one daughter, Eva Mannifold Hall. He has been in jmblic life almost continuously since 1869, and though an aggressive politician and outspoken Democrat, has received many acts of public kindness from men of every political faith. Mr. Hall is a Royal Arch Mason, a member of the Blue Lodge and its Worshipful Master at the present time. ( Vide sketch of Dr Thomas Hall y also History of Elmira township). Mrs. 2Iary 2f. Hammett, who resided at Wyoming from 1873 to '75, died at Peoria, November 29, 1879; John and Mary Ilanes came from Warrenton, Ohio, to Wyoming in 1867. _ Richard Hardin, aged sixty-three, died at his home, Princeville, July 27, 1886. He had been a resident near Princeville since 1840. Mrs. Harty, mother of Andrew ancl Dominic Harty, died March, 1886. Sarah M. {Cassky) Ilaznard married William Hazzard, of West Jersey in 1866, died at Winona, Minn., in 1885. Augtistus G. Hammond, son of Gideon and Nancy (Chandler) Hammond, Avas born at Westport, Essex County, N. Y., January 27, 1834. The family dates back to the beginning of Welsh immigration. Gideon Hammond, referred to above, Avas a farmer and lumber dealer in New York State, ancl a member of the legislature of that State for over fifteen years. The fact of his service, during the Avar of 1812, particularly at the battle of Plattsburg, his honesty, integrity and un swerving fidelity to princijde, contributed much toAA'arclhis jiopularity, but his unselfish, Aviso course in the legislature Avon repeatedly for him his legislative honors. A. G. Hammond moved to Wisconsin in 1848, making his first Avestern home at Waukesha, in that State. Shortly after he moved to Farmington, 111., and thence, in 1850, to OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 353 Stark County. Since his settlement here he has filled a large place in the economic and social little republic of Stark County. A reference to the school history of Essex ToAA'nship, ancl of Wyoming village, points out at once his connection Avith our schools. In 1862 he was com missioned Justice of the Peace. In 1874 he Avas elected representative on the Republican ticket by 591 majority over Davis Lowman, the A. M. R. candidate, and since that time has received rejieated tokens of public confidence. From 1850 to 1865 he Avas engaged in farming or school teaching. In the latter year he entered mercantile life at Wyoming, and in less than tAventy years built up one of the largest mercantile interests in the county. In October, 1853, he married Miss Cecilia B. Wynkooji, of Chemung County, N. Y. They are the par ents of Harry A., a graduate of Winona, Minnesota, High School, and the Davenport Business College, ancl for the last ten years cashier in Scott & Wrigley's bank, Wyoming, 111.; Will W., a graduate of Knox College, Galesburg, 111., Avho is noAv practicing law at Peoria, 111., Avhere in the space of ten years he has reached a lucrative practice, and Mary Louisa, now at home. In the history of Wyoming, the part taken by Mr, Hammond and family in social matters and otherwise is set forth concisely. ( Vide Political history.) Charles Hartley, born in Yorkshire, England, February 7, 1822, is the son of George ancl Elizabeth Hartley, Avho came to America some years later and settled in Virginia. Charles remained at the old home in Yorkshire, Avhere he grew to manhood, and learned agriculture. In 1853 he came to the United States with his wife and four children, and located here on section 28, where he purchased eighty acres which have been handsomely improved. His wife Avas Ann HamshaAv, daughter of Joseph and Mary Hamshaw, of the same shire. Their children are Elizabeth, wife of W. P. Caverly ; George, a farmer here ; Mary, wife of Monroe Guyre, and Moses, a farmer of Harvard, Clay county, Neb. Their children born here are Joseph, a farmer of Inland, Clay county, Neb.; Jennie, deceased; Thomas, a farmer, here; and Delphine and William, residing at home. They have twelve grandchildren. He supports all denominations, avoids public life, but has served on the school board of his district. Mr. Hartley has 480 acres joining his old farm and 160 acres in Adams county, Neb. He is a member of the Stark county Agricultural Society. His herd of Holsteins is considerd one of the best in the military tract. George Hartley, born in Yorkshire, England, August 21, 1846, is the son of Charles and Ann (HamshaAv) Hartley, came with his jiarents to Illinois and greAV to manhood in this county. He Avas married here in 1873 to Miss Mary Ann, daughter of James and Elizabeth (Smith) Fraser. James Fraser was a native of Blythe, Northumberland county near NeAvcastle on the Tyne, England, and a son of James Fraser and Mary Ann Robinson, the former a native of Scotland, ancl the latter, of England. Elizabeth (Smith) Fraser, was a native of Pennsylvania, and there Mrs. Hartley was born in De Vosburg. Her father; James Fraser, came to Stark county in 1857, accomjtanied by Thomas Tunsall, Avho died in 1865, and leasing coal land on section fourteen, opened a mine there. In 1858 they worked on section twenty-three and took 354 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES out 1,000 tons of coal, or one-fourth the total product of the year. In 1859 he went to Colorado, Avhither the family moved in 1860. They subsequently returned to Stark county, but in 1874 removed to Col orado, Avhere they have lived since. Mr. and Mrs. Hartley are the parents of three sons and one daughter, Lenora, James C, Marion A. and Lee R. He supports the Christian church, of which Mrs. Hartley is a member. He is a member of the Stark county Agricultural Socie ty, and is largely interested in stock-growing ancl agriculture. James P. Headley, born in this township, March 10, 1842, is a son of James and Sarah (Finley) Headley, who moved from Ohio to this county in 1839 and settled south of Toulon. They Avere married in 1819, seven years after the settlement of the Finley family in Ohio, of which family she was the last member. She Avas born in Fayette county, Pa., in 1800, ancl died at Toulon, June 11, 1886, thirty-five years after her husband's death. This family consisted of six sons and four daughters, namely ; Wilson and Matilda, deceased ; Craig, who died in Toulon townsliip, leaving a widoAv, now Mrs. John Reed, and a family of one son, Walter Headley, of Lafayette ; John, a carpenter, of Toulon, the head of a family ; Elizabeth, Avife of Matthew Rounds, of Toulon ; William M., of Pawnee City, Neb. ; Alex. B. died here, leaving a family of one son and one daughter ; Mary, wif e of David Crum ; James P. ancl Milton, a brick manufacturer, Avho has a family of six children ; the four latter served in the Avar of the Rebellion, as shown in the military chapter. James P. Headley spent his boyhood on the farm and grew to manhood there. He carried on farming until 1862, when he enlisted in Company F., One-hundred-and-twelfth Illinois Vol unteer Infantry. He serA'ed for three years, until honorably dis charged, in 1865. Returning to his home, he resumed agricultural life and was engaged in farming until 1875, when he purchased the Toulon brickyards, and has carried on this business, always keejiing pace with his increasing trade. He employs, during the season of brick-making, eleven men, giving support to eleven families. The material produced is all pressed brick, made exclusively for building purposes ; has built large sheds and introduced many improvements for mixing, moulding and drying, among them being the "Martin machine." The yards occupy four acres, and produce about 500,000 brick per season. Mr. Headley married Miss Catherine Kendall, of Ashland, O., and to them one son was born, James Anson (now train dispatcher of Keokuk, la.), who married Miss Minnie Madison, of Ottumwa, la., a native of that town. James P. Headley is a member of W. W. Wright jiost, G. A. R. He has ahvays taken an active part in the affairs of the agricultural society, of the township and of the toAvn, and is now serving his second term, as a member of the council of Toulon. George Harvey, born in 1803, settled in Ohio in 1834, ancl in Stark county, Illinois, in 1850. His death took place August 14, 1884. John Hawkes, son of John and Margaret (Robinson) HaAvkes, was born near Valley Forge, Chester county, Pennsylvania, February 27, 1834. His father was a farmer of that county, and was born in the same house Avhere Capt. HaAvkes first saw light. His grandfather, John HaAvkes, who is credited Avith Revolutionary service, was de- OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 355 scended from Adam Hawkes, who settled in Massachusetts in 1640, Avhere many of the family still reside, ancl the old homestead still remains in their possession. This branch of the Hawkes family made a settlement in York State prior to moving into Pennsylvania. The Robinsons were among the early Irish or Scotch-Irish settlers of the Quaker faith in the Susquehanna country. Capt. Hawkes moved with his parents to Philadelphia about 1839. There his father died, leaving his son to hew out his course through life. After working on a farm for some time he learned the carpenters trade. In 1854 he came to Wyoming, and in 1857 married Miss Augusta E., daughter of EdAvard and Huldah (Hammond) Colburn. In 1861 he enlisted in Company K, 47th Illinois Volunteer Infantry, was advanced gradually from private to Second-lieutenant, ancl received honorable discharge on account of disability in April, 1864. He resided in Knox county the succeeding two years, moved to Galva, Avhere he lived until 1869, Avhen he re turned to Wyoming and established his hardware and agricultural implement store. This he carried on alone until 1875, then he took ni as partner W. H. Barrett, and did business under the firm name of Hawkes & Barrett until 1883, since which time he has devoted his attention to settling up the business of the firm. His children are Lillian, wife of Alfred N. Walters, residing near Kearney, Neb.; Kate Estelle, a graduate of Carroll College, Waukesha, Wis., and John De W., a student of the same college, now of Beloit College, Wis. Mr. H. Avas one of the original members of the Congregational church of Wyoming, of De Wolf Post, ancl Post Chaplain, also a member of the OddfelloAv's Lodge, and a member of the Encamjnnent. He has always given ready supjiort to all agricultural measures, and is classed among the most active members of the Republican party. A reference to the history of Wyoming and Toulon toAvnships will point out the part he has taken in social ancl jiolitical matters. His recent nomina tion to succeed Orlando Brace as County Treasurer is an enviable testi monial. His election folio Aved as a consequence, and in December. 1886, he moved to the County Seat. The name is associated with many of the modern buildings of Wyoming, and of the county, as architect, the school, Congregational church and fair buildings there being built after his plans. William H. Henderson Avas born in Garrard county, Ky., November 16, 1793, of which state his parents Avere among the pioneers. In 1812 he enlisted in Col. Johnson's " Kentucky Mounted Riflemen," ancl with this command Avas present at the battle of the Thames, in Canada, October 5, 1813, where he aided in crushing Proctor's entire English army and Indian auxiliaries. After this campaign, he moA'ed to Dover, Tenn , Avhere he married Miss Lucinda Wimberly in January, 1816. He was elected sheriff there, and filled others positions until 1823, when he moved to Avhat is now HayAvood county, Tenn., of which he was first recorder. Here his Avife died, at Brownsville, and here also his parents died. In 1835, he Avas senator in the State Legis lature, which position he resigned in 1836, and on July 2d of that year settled on the Leek claim south of Toulon. In spirit he was an Illinois man prior to that year, for in 1831 he selected lands near 356 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Ottawa, on Indian creek, and in 1832 sent on his father, mother, his son, John W., his wife's two brothers, and Robert Norris, a hired man, to improve this claim, intending to move there himself the next year, but the Black Hawk war, the murder of Robert Norris, and the dispersion of the family dissuaded him from settling there. No sooner was he settled here than the pioneers realized his value, and looked uj> to him for political guidance. His house Avas a hospitable refuge for judges, lawyers, preachers, and all classes of travelers, and, until the court-house at Toulon was completed, might, be called the "County Court-house of Stark." In 1845, he took the census of Stark county, ancl with the sum realized from this labor purchased a horse to com plete a team for the transfer of his family to Johnson county, la., where he settled in November of that year. Like many patriots of the revolution and of 1812, he was too unselfish to amass riches; in business, enterprise carried him too far; but in social honor he was always right, and with a name for honor he died January 27, 1864. Mrs. Sarah Murphy (Howard) Henderson, to Avhom he Avas married November 6, 1823, AA'as born in Sampson county, N. G, September 15, 1804. To his first wife three children were born ; Mary A., Avho died in 1834. John D. and William P. Avere intimately connected Avith the early progress of Illinois. To his second wife, one daughter ancl five sons Avere born; the former died in infancy, Avhile the sons — Thomas J., Henry C, Stephen H., Daniel W., and James A. — lived to become leading citizens of this county and district. John W. Henderson came to Stark county with his father in 1836, and was here married by Jonathan Miner to Miss Mar}' Perry, Octo ber 25, 1840. This lady died some years later. He subsequently married Elizabeth, daughter of Capt. Butler, of Wyoming, and settled at Cedar Rajiids, la., of which state his brother, William P., is also a resident. Henry C. Henderson, who married Miss Ianthe Fuller, of Elmira, in 1850, was clerk in the United States Treasury department from 1849 to 1852. The year after, he moved to Rock Island, and in 1856, to Marshalltown, la., of which state he was senator in 1863, ancl a Republican presidential elector in 1864. He has the reputation of : being as able a laAvyer as he is a politician. ~~ Stephen II. Henderson, iioav a minister of the Methodist Ejiiscopal church, AA'as a member of the Illinois bar. In 1862, he entered Com pany A, TAventy-fourth Iowa Infantry, and Avas promoted colonel of the Forty-fourth Iowa Infantry. After the Avar he resumed his minis terial work. Daniel W., his brother, served as lieutenant in the TAventy-seconcl Iowa Infantry ; Avas Avounded at Port Gibson. James A. Henderson, Avhose name occurs in almost every chapter of the General History, Avas also a soldier, serving in Company K, Forty-seventh Illinois Infantry. His first wife Avas Miss Burdell Turner, of Flennepin, a grand-daughter of Capt. Butler, of Wyoming. In later years he married Miss Frank Dewey, of Toulon, avIio survives him. Mrs. Ann Heywood,the second child of Edmund and Alice (Hoav- arth) Wrigley, was born October 26, 1819 and remained at her father's OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 357 home in England until twenty-six years of age. Her early life was spent as a mill operative, when she was married to Thomas Heywood, the son of John ancl Jane Hey avoocI. He Avas born at HeyAvood, Eng land, in the year 1S20, where his father AA'as a manufacturer of cotton. The family Avas one much interested in religious affairs, John Heywood establishing the first Sunday school in the town, and when he died had been a member of the Methodist church for fifty years. He was eighty-four at the time of his death. His wife also died at an ad vanced age. ( Vide history of Wrigley family.) Thomas Heywood learned the carpenter's trade and at the age of twenty-six, was married to Miss Ann Wrigley. For some eleven years after, they remained in England ancl then emigrating to America, set tled at Wyoming in 1856, where Mr. HeyAvood continued his trade. Here his home Avas made, keeping his business improved with the times until 1863, Avhen they removed to a farm in Penn township, Avhere, after but five days of illness, he died in 1868, in his forty-ninth year. He had been a prominent member of the Methodist church from boy hood and an ardent worker in the temperance cause, having been a member of the Reccabite society, a temjierance organization in Eng land. At the time of his decease, he had just been admitted to a mem- bershij) in the masonic fraternity. For thirteen years after her hus band's death, Mrs. H. remained upon the farm. In 1881 she returned to Wyoming, Avhere she has since resided. The family consisted of seven children, Jennie, Mrs. B. F. Rockhold, of Bradford ; EdAvard, died from the effects of a fall while engaged in sport, breaking his back in two jilaces. He was tAventy-tAvo years of age. Emma, who married W. M. Pilgrim, of Bradford, is deceased; Thomas, a farmer of Penn township ; Alice, Mrs. G. E. Scott, of Penn township ; Annie M. and Mary E., both teachers in the Wyoming schools. Mrs. Hey Avood ancl all her children are members of the Congregational church, and a family that stand high in the esteem of all. Richard Hight, son of George and Anna (Malloy) Hight, was born at Lick Ridges, Huntingdon county, Pa., June 26, 1837. At the age of seventeen years, Mr. Hight visited Sjiringfield, 111., returned to Penn sylvania, walking from Pittsburg to his home — forty-one miles — in one day ; but in 1854 resolved to make the Avest his home, and set tled in Stark county. From 1854 to 1857 he worked here by the month. In 1858 he ventured farming for himself , but this first venture Avas unsuccessful on account of the June and September frosts. He sold his corn crop on the field' for $48, moved to Mossville, engaged in hauling Avood ancl boarding choppers, earned enough that Avinter to make a second venture, and returned to Stark in 1859. In 1864 he purchased eighty acres of the Beckwith farm in Penn township, from Scott & Wrigley, in 1867 added another eighty acre tract and in 1883 purchased 160 acres from Ansil Sims. This last purchase he sold in 1884 to the Parker brothers ; bought his present toAA'n house in 1884, ancl in 1886 purchased five acres in Wyoming. ,On coining here in 1857 he married Miss Ann, a daughter of Daniel and Mary Bunnell, pioneers of Penn tOAvnship, Avho came here from the Wyoming Valley in 1846. This lady was born in Wyoming county, Pa., in 1840, and 358 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES accompanied her parents to Stark county, 111. They are the parents of one son and four daughters Irene, Avife of Charles Ingrain, of Wyoming ; Minnie, Avife of James Hess ; Eva, Avife of Daniel Docken- dorf, of Iowa ; Clarence, a farmer on the homestead, married Miss Lizzie Stansbury, of Brimfield, and Ella, residing at home. In 1S75 the family moved to Wyoming where Mr. Hight purchased the brick cottage or Dana cottage, opposite the Truax House. He has served as township collector in Penn and for sixteen years Avas school director of distiict No. 9 there. For each of his children he provided a good education, and has always been a strong supporter of the common school system. He relates with manly pride that on coming here he expended his last tAventy-five cents for breakfast at Henry. William Holgate, son of the late James Holgate, Avas born on the " Holgate homestead" April 15, 1844. He receh'ed a practical educa tion in the school of the district, and at the age of eighteen years, August, 1862, enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Twelfth Illi nois Volunteer Infantry, followed the fortunes of that command for three years, and received an hpnorable discharge in July, 1865. Re turning to his home he followed agricultural life until 1876, Avhen he purchased the interests of W. M. Miner & Co., and engaged in the banking business at Wyoming, conducting the Farmer's Bank there until 1882, when he organized the First National Bank of Wyoming, and Avas its president until it ceased business under that name. On January 8, 1885, he was married to Miss Charlotte A., daughter of Alexander Kissinger, a worthy old settler of Penn ToAvnship, and among the SAviss pioneers of the county, the lady herself being a na tive of that township. They are the parents of three children — Car rie, Cora M. and Katie C. Mr. Holgate is a member of DeWolf Post, G. A. R., of the blue lodge at Wyoming since the Avar, and of the chapter. He Avas a member of the Stark County Agricultural Society, and one of the original stockholders in the Central Agricultural Soci ety. The task before him of filling his father's place in the economy of the county is a difficult one, but not beyond the ability of the son to accomplish {vide history of liolgate family and settlement in chapter on Penn Township) George E. Holmes was born in Philadelphia, Pa., January 8, 1840. His father, Robert, was born in Antrim County, Ireland, September 13, 1813, ancl his grandfather George was also a native of that county, ami married Rose Pearson there. The mother of George E., was born in Tyrone County, in May, 1*810. Grandfather Holmes and family came to Philadelphia about 1836, and Avorked at the tailor's trade there. Of his seven children, John, born in 1808, died December 20, 1879; Eliza, who married Lazarus Holmes, died at KeAvanee ; Rose Ann is the Avife of Robert Patterson, and Robert Holmes came to this county in March of 1855. During this year he purchased 160 acres of land on Section 9, this township, and Avas engaged in agriculture here until the sjiring of 1878, when he sold his interest in the land and moved to Toulon village. Of his six children, three died at Philadelphia, and three came to this county, namely : George E., Mary, noAv Mrs. John H. BroAvn, and Robert, a farmer of Buena Vista County, Iowa. George E., re- jM ,.\> -> ¦ Ml %7-y' m XX ,¦¦¦¦ .-¦¦ it ¦¦¦ ¦.-.¦' ::W7m7 &§& ;--^ '¦ ' ¦ 7,Mm" >¦;'., X . *" ' Ws'' / 7 % 47ff7 ; 7^m _ a ,i, ... y^i^Ujeny^ o/Mfrwr^ OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 301 ceived Avhat education he could until he was twelve years old, in his native city. On coming here with his father in 1855, he engaged in agriculture. On October 13, 1864, he married Miss Margaret, daugh ter of Captain David and Malinda (EdAvards) Haacke, of Fulton County, and this union has been blessed by nine children, namelv : William H., Lovel S., David W., Effie, Mary E., EdAvard E., Maggie, Robert and Lyman, all residing Avith their parents. Shortly after his marriage he purchased eighty acres on Section 10, near the family homestead, to Avhich he has since added 240 acres. For twenty years he has served as school director of his district, filled the office of col lector, and, as related in the history of the American Presbyterian Church of Elmira, has, like Mrs. Holmes ancl son, been a consistent member of that society. In political life he is a Republican ; but the agricultural interests of the county and his own, claim his attention before politics. His father-in-law, Capt. Haacke, to whom is credited in the history of Penn ToAvnship, the sketch of Cooper's Defeat Creek, and Avhose reminiscences are quoted in other chapters, came from Can ada to Peoria, and after a time there, to a point ten miles southwest of Canton, 111., in 1821 ; was captain of militia in the Black Hawk War, ancl may be said to have witnessed the upheaval of the Avhole State, from the Avilderness to the rank of one of the first in the Union. The Captain's wife is Miss Edwards, of Kentucky, also a pioneer of Illinois. John Hook, son of Jacob and Catherine Hook, Avho came to this country from SAvitzerland, about 1834, and settled in Niagara county, N. Y., was born in Germany in 1832, was raised on his father's farm m York state, and in 1856, his parents, one son and three daughters came Avest to join his other daughter in Minnesota, and visit the sub ject of this sketch, who came here in 1854. Of this family he is the onlv survivor. On coining here he established himself on a farm and Avas engaged in agriculture until 1873, when he founded his livery business at Toulon, and carried it on with marked success until his retirement in January, 1885. Here he Avas married to Nancj' Jane Swarts, daughter of AndreAv S\varts, Avho came to this county from Ohio about 1838. They are the parents of three children, Mrs. Laura Eclson, of Galva ; Mrs." Belle Worley, of Toulon ; ancl Frank Hook, proprietor of the Follett House livery stables. Mr. Hook has been a member of the I. 0. O. F. lodge here for ten years ; a member of the Stark county Agricultural Society, and a supporter of everything which gives jiromise of benefit to his county. In church matters he Avishes to support every Christian denomination. Frank C. Hook, son of John and Nancy Jane (Swarts) Hook, was born in Toulon township, May 1, 1856; received a common school education here and- for some years Avas engaged in farming, and sub sequently carried on a meat market. In 1885 he established his noAv extensive livery business. He was married here to Miss Bessie, daugh ter of Henry Byatt. They are the parents of two children — Freddy and Eva. Whether in business or outside business, Mr. Hook is always genial. Here, Avhere he Avas raised and educated, he is a favorite Avith all and is singularly Avell endoAved with a fund of common sense much above the average of young men. 362 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES IF. II. Hoover, L. D. S., born in Belmont county, Ohio, in 1838, is son of Jacob and Phoebe Fraser Hoover, avIio came to Illinois in 1853. His father was a blacksmith, and with him W. H. Hoover worked at blacksmithing and farming, until he selected his profession, when he entered the office of James F. Hoover, L. D. S., of Washington, 111., and practiced at Washington until 1875, Avhen he established his office at Wyoming. He was married near LaAvn Ridge, Marshall county, 111., to Miss Lovina Booth, daughter of Jacob and Louisa Booth, Avho settled in Peoria county, 111., in 1835 ; coming from Dekuvare county, NeAV York state. Mr. Booth died March 3, 1876, in his eighty-second year, while Jacob Hoover resides at Lawn Ridge, noAv in his ninetieth year. Dr. Hoover and wife are the parents of two sons and tAvo daughters — Julia, wife of Frank Thomas, a lawyer, of Wyoming; Sandford, Harry and Mary E. One son and two daughters are num bered among the dead. Dr. Hoover supports the Methodist church, of which his Avife is a member. Augustus Hulsizer, son of Abner and Mary E. (Correll) Hulsizer, Avas born at Broadway, Warren county, N. J., December 24, 1842. His father is a native of Washington, N. J., and mother, of Middle bury, Vt. The family moved from New Jersey to Illinois in 1852, and settled on the Hulsizer farm (Avhich he bought at $3.25 per acre, and sold the quarter section for $11,000 in 1877 to S. R. Hazen). In 1877 the family moved to Toulon, buying their present residence from Ed ward Nixon, who built the house. Of their children, Gustavus, George, Avho died in infancy, William ancl James Avere born in NeAV Jersey ; Mrs. Mary E. Emery, and Mrs. Sarah Elizabeth Hubbell, iioav of Galva, Avere born in West Jersey township. Augustus Hulsizer Avas educated in the schools of KeAvanee, ancl at Eastman's commercial college, Chicago. He graduated from the latter school in 1868. He was subsequently en gaged on the homestead farm for seven years, when he moved to Tou lon, ancl for the four succeeding years earned very fair money by his penmanship. From 1879 to 1883 he Avas 'engaged in the boot ancl shoe business, founding the first and only exclusive store in that line ever established at Toulon. In 1883 he disposed of his interest in this store ancl purchased a half interest in the Stark County Sentinel, January 1, 1884. In the folloAving year he purchased the entire interest in this journal, and has managed it in its several departments since Avith marked ability and success. Mr. Hulsizer Avas married September 16, 1869 to Miss Eva M., daughter of Lyman Standard, of West Jersey, an old settler of Fulton county, where his daughter was born. They are the parents of five children, namely : Zaidee V., born July 10, 1870 ; Olive B., born January 26, 1872; Mary M., born March 15, 1874; Maud A., born December 27, 1876, and 'Lulu V-, born July 22, 1878, all of Avhom are attending the schools of Toulon. Mr. Hulsizer enlisted in the One Hundred ancl Thirty-fourth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and AA'as mustered in with the KeAvanee company in 1863, folloAved the for tunes of this command for six months, reenlisted in the One Hundred and TAventy-fourth ancl served six months, and in the fall of 1864 seiwed by transfer in the Thirty-third until close of war, Avhen the command Avas mustered out at Springfield. He is a member of I. O. O. F. here OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 363 for the last seven years, of the G. A. R. Post since organization, ancl of I. O. G. T. He is an earnest temperance worker, has been for years a staunch republican, but now gives bis moral and journalistic support to the prohibition party. Mrs. Jane { Wrigley) Ingham, born in Lancashire, England, came to the United States in 1856, ancl shortly after married Mr. Ingham, died in October, 1878. Mrs. Ellen Jackson, who was one of the old settlers of Toulon, died here in Septemder, 1884, aged seventy -five years. Win. 6., Johnson, formerly a resident of Toulon, died at Peoria, January 12, 1869. Henry S. Johnson, born at Toulon December 12, 1865, died at Seneca, Kans., May 15, 1884. Peyton Pate Johnson, son of James A. ancl Mildred (Pate) Johnson, was born in Fairfield township, Highland county, Ohio, September 17, 1816. The family settled in Bedford county, Va., at the close of the Avar of 1812. moved ultimately to Highland county, Ohio, where the father died April 19, 1845, and the mother in October, 1860, both be ing interred in the family cemetery in Highland county, Ohio, Avhere also rest the remains of grandparents on father's side of the family. Of his father's family — eight sons and two daughters — himself and one sis ter survive. Peyton may be said to have resided in Ohio until 1854, although in 1852 he purchased a half section of land in Goshen town ship, Stark county, 111. In Ohio he learned the trade of blacksmith, under his brother, John H. Johnson, of Highland county, Ohio, ancl subsequently opened a shop for himself in Fayette county, Avhence he came to Illinois in 1854 with his Avife, one son and three daughters. In that year he engaged in farming, and for over 28 years has been a prominent agriculturist of Stark county. On August 7, 1845, he mar ried Miss Jane, daughter of Peter and Elizabeth BroAvn. This family moved to Ross county, Ohio, after the war of 1812, in which Peter BroAvn served. The children of this marriage numbered 9, of Avhom four sons and four daughters survived, namely : Mrs. Elizabeth M. Dex ter, of Galva, who is the mother of four sons and tAvo daughters ; Peter A., farmer of Pawnee county, Neb.; Mary Ellen, Avife of Joseph Wal ther, of Toulon ; Agita Belle, wife of Wm. J. Sellon, of Knox county, Avho are the parents of one son and tAvo daughters ; Lyman T., a farmer of Pawnee county, Neb., Avho is married and the parent of tAvo daughters; Roswell M., of Skidmore, Mo.; Lincoln, a student of liter ature, avIio Avas a school teacher in 1886, jirior to entering Knox Col lege and Plessie C. The one child numbered among the dead Avas named Elva Louisa. The Johnsons were of a Quaker family, but since 1845 this branch have belonged to the Methodist church. For years he has been a model teniperance worker by example and association, a member of the Old Settlers' Association, and prior to 1882, an official of the M. E. church. He served as Justice of Peace six years, county coroner six years, and as school director or trustee for a number of years. From 1861 to 1865 he was an active worker in the Union cause, and throughout his whole life here an exemplary citizen. His residence 364 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES stands on a ten-acre lot, just north of fair grounds. In itself it bears out the reputation liberally accorded to him and tc this family. John Jordan, son of Charles and Elizabeth (Lyons) Jordan, was born near Zanesville, Muskingum county, 0., February 20, 1832. His Sarents were natives of Pennsylvania, who in 1812 had resided in luskingum and Vinton counties, Ohio, and migrated thence to Iowa. Returning east in 1857 they settled in Valley township, Stark county, Illinois, his father dying here June 17, 1883, aged 83 years, leaving two sons and two daughters. John Jordan received his early educa tion in Ohio. He visited this county in 1852, and again in 1855, a year later, in 1856, settled m Valley township, where he was engaged in farming for several years, until his retirement in 1876, when he came to Wyoming, and four years later joined Sylvester F. Otman in their present extensive business. He was married in Ohio to Miss Frances E. McCraAv, a native of Vinton county, Ohio, and a daughter of Alex ander McCraAV, of that county. They are the parents of two sons and three daughters, namely ; Julia E., wife of W. T. Dittman, of Valley township ; Martha, Avho married S. M. Stancliff, of Iowa, noAv de ceased ; Robert C, in the lumber trade here, and Lavin E., at home. Mr. Jordan served in Company B., 7th Illinois Volunteer Infantry for six months as referred to in military chapter ; served on the school board of his district in Valley township ; was road commissioner and toAvnship supervisor. Since his settlement at Wyoming he served as supervisor four years, and is hoav representing Essex township on the County Board. He also served two years in the council of Wyoming. He is a member of DeWolf Post, and present Quarter-Master ; a mem ber of the Blue Lodge and Chapter and of the O. E. S. George Kerns, the son of William ancl Mary (Drummond) Kerns, Avas born in Ross county, Ohio, January 6, 1838. When sixteen years of age he removed with his parents to Stark county, and for some six years remained upon the firm of his father, in Toulon township. At twenty-two years of age he was united in marriage to Miss Alice Wrigiey, the daughter of Edmund ancl Alice (Howorth) Wrigley, whose sketch appears elseAvhere. She Avas born at Hooley bridge, Eng land, in 1839, ancl remained there until seA'enteen years of age, and then removed to America with her father, soon after her mother's death, settling with them in Stark county, ancl remained at her father's home until tAventy-one years of age, and then, as before stated, was married to our subject. After their marriage they removed to their present farm, which at that time was a raw, unimproved place, and since have made their home here. Under the management of Mr. Kerns the prairie has changed to one of the pleasantest places in the township, and their beautiful home and neat surroundings attest the energy and thrift of the owner. But one child has been born to them, Minnie A., Avho still resides at home. Politically Mr. K. is a Republican, and a member of the Congrega tional church, as is also Mrs. K. and daughter. Mrs. K. is also a member of the Women's Missionary Association. The family is one Avidely known and very highly respected. Mr. Kerns possesses a farm of one hundred and tAventy acres, within the corporation lines of Wy- OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 365 oming. Mr. Kerns' paternal grandparents were natives of Europe, ancl upon reaching manhood emigrated to Pennsylvania, Avhence they removed to Ross county, Ohio, about the year 1793, and purchased a large tract of land, and engaged in the raising of cattle, Avhich he drove to Philadelphia, across the Allegheny mountains. While here he was married to Miss Sarah Winders. They removed to Ross county, Ohio, where he continued the raising of stock. Here he died in the year 1824, in his seventy-sixth year. His Avife followed him seAr- eral years later. William, the fifth child of the family, was born in Ross county, Ohio, in the year 1800, and lived upon the farm of his father until 1823, Avhen he took as his Avife Miss Mary Drummond, the daughter of Benjamin ancl Ann (Kerns) Drummond, who was born in Philadelphia in the year 1807. Her parents were natives of New Jer sey. She Avas born 1778 ancl he about 1775. From New Jersey they removed to Pennsylvania ancl settled in Philadelphia, Avhere he fol lowed his business as a marble cutter. From Philadelphia they re moved to Ohio, Ross county, where he died about the year 1837, in his sixty-third year. His wife lived until 1852, Avhen she also died, aged seventy-four. The family consisted of eight children, three of Avhom still live, and but two in Stark county, Mary and Benjamin. Mary, the mother of our subject, remained at home until her marriage to the father of our subject. They remained in Ross county, where Mr. K. was a farmer and stock raiser, until 1853, when they removed to Stark county and settled in Wyoming, but removed to a farm in Valley township, some eight years later. Here, in 1872, Mr. Kerns died after a short sickness. After her husband's death Mrs. K. remained upon the farm until 1885, Avhen she has made her home with her chil dren, of whom she had nine, six still living, four in Stark county : Ab- ner in Essex township, our subject in Toulon township, James in Essex, and Richard in Essex toAvnship. Mary resides in Springfield, 111., Da vid in Kansas. Mrs. Kerns has been an active member of the Metho dist church oA^er . seventy -two years. Benjamin Drummond was born in Philadelphia in 1805. Removed to Ohio Avith his parents, ivherehe Avas married in 1829, and for five years remained in Ohio, and then in 1834 removed to Stark county, and since has resided here, excepting some three years which he spent in Ohio. Since 1860 he has made his home in Wyoming. Eleven children came to his home, nine of Avhom still live ; one boy dying in the army and one other entirely losing his health. Mr. D. is a strong Republican, never voting but for one Dem ocrat (^ Jackson), ancl has voted at every Presidential election since 1827. His first Avife was Polly Cox, who died in 1865, having become the mother of ten of his children. His second wife Avas Jane Donald, Avho bore him one child, dying in 1871. His present wife Avas Mrs. Mar garet Johnson, who for twenty-tAvo years has been a resident of Stark county. Mr. Drummond has been a member of the Methodist church some sixty-five years, and has never been drunk in his life nor used profanity. Mwr'tin Keran, an old resident of Toulon, died November 18, 1867. James Kinney, for several years a Stark county teacher, noAv re sides at Chillicothe. 366 BIOGRAPHY' AND REMINISCENCES Mrs. Maria Kightlinger, sister of Messrs. John and Carson Berfield, died at her home in Yates City, July 16, 1886, aged eighty -one years. She, Avith her husband, came from Pennsylvania to this county in 1837, living here tAvo years, when they moved on a farm of their own in Knox county, Avhere they lived until about ten years ago, AA'hen they moved to Yates City. Wesley King, son of John and Rachel (Hixon) King, was born in Fayette county, Ohio, August 18, 1821. His father Avas a native of Loudoun county, Va., who at eighteen years of age located in Ohio, and accepted a call as preacher of the Methodist church. His grandfather Avas Reuben King, of Virginia, a farmer and official of Loudoun county; Avhile his mother, Rachel, was a daughter of Timothy Hixon, of Ross county, Ohio. Wesley King Avas educated in Fayette county. On NoA'ember 11, 1841, he marr ed Miss Eliza, daughter of Peter and Eliza (Bateman) Brown, of that county, Avho moved thither from Virginia, Avhere Mrs. King Avas born. Their children are, Salenia, wife of Thomas C. Hepjierly, of Ringgold county, Iowa ; Albert W., engaged in mercantile AA'ork ; Isaiah, a farmer of Penn toAvnship ; Peter, a farmer of Burlington, Coffee county, Kan.; Alice, Avife of J. W. Clarke, of that county ; James E , merchant, Wyoming, 111.; John W., a mer chant of Quitman, Mo.; Elizabeth A., wife of W- R- Terpening, of Geneseo, 111.; Alvaretta, Avife of Alonzo Pettit, of Quitman, Mo. Their grandchildren number twenty-five. Mr. King Avas born and raised on the farm cleared by his father. In 1847, he ancl Mrs. King moved to Hardin county, Ohio, Avhere he farmed until 1854, when he moved to Wyoming with his family, purchased land in Valley township, which he sold and- bought a farm on section 30, Penn township, in 1 860, and was an active agriculturalist and grower of fine stock there until his retirement in March, 1879. For years, in fact, since his settlement here, he has identified himself Avith the old and new agricultural societies. Fie has been a prominent member of the Methodist church since 1 842, has served in toAvnship offices and on the school board of his district. Albert W. King, son of Wesley and Eliza (Brown) King, was born in Fayette county, Ohio, November 2, 1846. {Vide sketch of Wesley King, in this chapter.) He came with his parents from Hardin county, Ohio, to Stark county, 111., in the spring of 1851, arriving at Avhat was then known as the " Adam Day Farm," in Yalley toAvnshiji, on Ajiril 24, and received a practical education in this county ; at the age of sixteen years took charge of a district school ; tAvo years later he visited Independence, Mo., ancl entered Ezra BroAvn's store there, AA'here he Avorked for one year. This Mr. Brown Avas his uncle, avIio took extra pains to teach his young visitor the principles of Missouri trade. On returning to Stark county, he took charge of a school ; again Avas clerk in the employ of Scott & Wrigley, whose interest he, with Sylvester F. Otman, purchased February 1, 1869. This partnership continued until April 23, 1S74. On June 1, folloAving, he embarked in business, ancl made the beginning of the present extensive trade of King Bros. August 1st of the same year James E. King became his partner. Mr. A. W. King was married September 16, 1873, at Kewanee, OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 367 111., to Miss Mattie E. Stone, of that place, who Avas then teaching in the public schools of Wyoming. This lady is a native of Geauga county, Ohio. Their children are Fred Stone, Nina Louise ancl Albert W., the latter dying in infancy. Both Mr. and Mrs. King are mem bers of the Congregational society, and in all social matters Avhich comes Avithin the range of woman's work she is a zealous and intelligent laborer, both being members of the Eastern Star Chapter and inter ested in temperance work. Mr. King is a member of the F. and A. M., Royal Arch Chajtter, a Knight Templar, a member of the neAV lodge of Modern Woodmen. Fie has been an active member of the Central Agricultural Society, of the City Council and of the School Board. James Ezra King, born in Stark county, October 13, 1855, married Miss Clara B., daughter of Harvey Pettit, to Avhom one son, Ralph King, was born. This lady died in 1884, in full communion with the Methodist Episcopal church, ancl her remains interred in the Wyoming cemetery. Recently he married Mrs. Maud (Nelson) Weller, daughter of Major H. C. Nelson, of Canton, 111. Mr. King is a member of the Central Agricultural Society ancl junior partner of the firm of King Bros., Wyoming, 111. George Steele Lawrence, son of Vincent G. and Abigail (Parker) Lawrence, of an old New Jersey family, Avas born in Warren county, N. J., June 9, 1838, ancl educated in that state. In 1856 the parents Avith three sons and four daughters moved westAvard, ancl located four miles northAvestof Sheffield, in Bureau county, where one daughter Avas born. Mr. LaAvrence, sr., subsequently located at Princeton, Avhere he died March, 17, 1882, years after the death of his Avife, the mother of Geo. S. LaAvrence, who .died January 18, 1864. The subject of this sketch entered mercantile life at Neponset, in I860. A feAv years later he engaged in business at Ramsey, 111.; in 1866 opened a store at Kewanee, Avhich, in 186)8, he disposed of, and moA'ing to Toulon, has continued in business clown to the present time. Mr. Lawrence was married at Kewanee, to Miss Alvina E., daughter of Squire John P. Potter, a pioneer of Henry county. They have tAvo children — Abbie Young and Bessie Potter LaAvrence. Both Mr. and Mrs. Potter are members of the Methodist Ejiiscopal church. Mr. L. is an old member of the Masonic society, is interested in Texas lands, carries on a stock business, ancl is here connected Avith the carriage and wagon building industry as Avell as carrying on an extensive general store. Caleb 21. S. Lyon, born at Northamjiton, in what is noAv Fulton county, N. Y., February 28, 1816, is the son of Ezra and Hannah (Bass) Lyon, the former a native of Connecticut, and the latter a daughter of Jeremiah Bass, of Fulton county, N. Y. The grandfather of Mr. Lyon, also named Ezra, Avas a farmer of Connecticut, residing near New Haven : while his father carried on a farm in connection Avith his trade of blacksmith. Caleb grew to manhood in his native county, and there in his father's shop learned blacksmithing. In 1837 he set out on his western journey to visit his uncle, then a farmer of French Grove, Peoria county, and arrived there June 20, 1837. Without delay he pushed ort to Elmore, (Rochester) resumed work at his trade and remained there four years. There he married Miss Lora 368 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Maria Cushman, daughter of Joshua Cushman, an artisan of East Leb anon, N. H. After a term of four years of a pioneer blacksmith's life at Elmore, he moved to West Jersey township, purchased and improved eighty acres, and there raised and educated a family of four sons and three daughters, of whom all are living except one daughter. Prior to 1864 he had increased his landed property to 360 acres, and dis posed of the shop, which he built, on his first farm here. He was elected County Treasurer in 1863, receiving a majority over the . democratic nominee. R. J. Dickenson, of 489. Prior to this he served as justice of the peace and supervisor of West Jersey, and since moving to Toulon in 1864, has filled that office as well as that of supervisor as shown in the sketches of West Jersey and Toulon townships. A ref erence to the history of the schools here will point out his services to education. Mrs. Cushman Lyon died in 1847, leaving one son and one daughter, D. C. Lyon, a farmer of Green county, the head of a family of five children, and Lora Antoinette, ivho married M. P. Davidson, of Calhoun county, la., died leaving tAvo sons. His marriage Avith Miss Sophronia E. Rhodes has been blest by five children, namely ; Effie, AA'ife of Sylvester McKeighan, of this township ; Frank W., a lawyer of Minneapolis, Minn.; Clyde R., a farmer of Dallas county, la., each the head of a family ; Morton, a student, and Maude Eliza, a school girl. It may be said of Mr. Lyon that a more useful citizen never visited the military tract to stay. Davis Lowman, born in Highland county, Ohio, February 3, 1827, came to Knox county, 111., in 1837, moved in 1851 to Toulon, and went into the mercantile business. In 1853, he was united in marriage with Miss Anna Williams, of Knoxville, which union was blessed by three daughters and two sons, one of the latter dying in 1861. He leaves two brothers and tAvo sisters living ; a brother in California or Oregon, a sister in Butler county, Neb., another in Omaha, and his brother William here, his companion, four children, many relatives, and a mul titude of friends. For twenty-six years he was a citizen of Toulon, living a portion of the time' in the place and a part on his beautiful farm of 320 acres, now owned by John Whitaker. For a time he was engaged in merchandising, then dealing in real estate, stock buying, grain buying, and lastly that of fine stock-raising on his Green LaAvn farm. About the year 1876 he sold his property here and moved to Algona, la., a year later moved to Duncan, 111., where he engaged in merchandising until 1878, Avhen he moved to Hastings, Neb., and engaged in the real estate business, and there lived to the time of his death, October 26, 1886. James K. LaShells, who came to Wyoming in 1844, is now a resi dent of Biggs, Butte county, Cal. His son Oscar is editor of the Biggs Independent, one on the Chicago Mail, and Edward a blacksmith at Biggs. Cora May LaShells, born at Wyoming in 1866, died in Cali fornia in 1886. William J. Law, formerly of Wyoming, is in the drug business at SeAvard, Neb. Abram Lindsey, who resided at Wyoming a number of years, Avas found dead near the cemetery, August 8, 1882. OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 369" "Doctor" J. L Lightfall died in January, 1S86, at San Antonio, Tex. He AA'as born at Tiskihva, Bureau county, in 1856, where his father, a fourth-breed Wyandotte, and mother, a white Avoman, then resided. In early years, he formed the acquaintance of the " Original Indian Doctor," McBride, and learned from him the tricks of the " Big Medicine Man " Lightfall married Hannah Fredericksen, a Swedish girl, of Bureau county, who eloped Avith another man. His second wife was equally frolicsome. William R. Legg, Avho erected a blacksmith's shop Avhere the post- office now stands, and also built for himself the house in which Dr. Bacmeister resides, moved to Clarks, Neb., and there died May 11, 1883. Mrs. Elisabeth Long, born in 1822, died at Indiana, Penn., March 14, 1884. She was the mother of Dr. L. L. Long, of Toulon. Mr§. Mary Ann Lowman, wife of Branson Lowman, died Septem ber 27, 1870. Mrs. Caroline Lyon, widow of Laton Lyon, born in Saratoga county, N. Y., in 1818, married in 1839, came to Toulon township in 1854, died here February 14, 1878. Mrs. Minerva Lyon, wife of Elias Lyon, of Toulon, died December 4, 1881. She was born in St. LaAvrence county, N. Y, in 1832, mar- , ried Lyon there in 1852, and came with him to Toulon in 1857. The Leek family, one of the first to settle on Indian creek, of Spoon river, moved to Hennepin in 1835, after selling their lands to Col. John Henderson. In July, 1836, the latter settled there with his family. The Leeks carried on several wheat- ancl corn-crushing mills of a very primitive character. That on Spoon river, near the crossing of the Toulon ancl Wyoming road (subsequently operated by Minott Silliman, and ultimately swept avvay) Avas, hoAvever, a pretentious con cern. Some members of this family also had a mill at Centreville, in later years. Richard Mascall, now of Cambridge, 111., came with his family and brother James to Stark county in 1836, and took up their residence in a cabin belonging to General Thomas. That winter his eldest son was the first to be buried in Wyoming cemetery. The boards for their home in Henry county were sawn at Wyoming from logs hauled thith er by the Mascalls. William 2Iahany, one of the pioneers of the county, settled two miles south of Toulon, near the Leek family, about 1834". In the gen eral history as well as in the sketches of Toulon and West Jersey town ships, many references are made to this pioneer ancl his family. Colonel D. W. Magee, 21. D., son of Thomas ancl Charity (Matth ews) Magee, Avas born in Dry Valley, Mifflin county, Pa., June 19, 1825. His mother was born in Neiv Jersey, and his father was the son of Charles Magee, who was married at Belfast, Ireland, came to Amer ica with his family, and took a prominent part in the Avar of the Revo lution With his brother Thomas, who returned to Ireland after the treaty of peace Avas negotiated, and at a time Avhen that country Avas bounding forAvard in the paths of progress under her own government. Charles settled in Pennsylvania and there raised his family of two sons 33 370 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES and three daughters, one of Avhom was Thomas (father of Dr. Magee), one of a family of ten sons ancl three daughters, of whom seven sur vive. In 1832 the family moved to Guernsey county, Ohio, in 1844 to Tuscarawas county, Ohio, and in 1852 to Smithville, Peoria county, Avhere the father died in 1854, at the age of 74 years ; the mother dy ing there also in 1872, aged 88 years. Dr. Magee received a common school education in his native county. On coming to NeAV Philadel phia, Ohio, in 1 844, he learned the carpenter's trade, also read medicine and later engaged in house building. There he married Miss Henrietta, a daughter of Michael Doll, a native of Maryland, and a pioneer of TuscaraAvas county, Avhose eldest daughter was Mrs. Judge Hance ol that county. In 1853 he visited California, in 1855 came to Henry, Marshall county, 111., at the invitation of a friend, and engaged in build ing there until 1858, Avhen he moved to Peoria. From this time until 1860 he Avas clerk in the house of J. T. Robinson & Co. In the latter year he became a partner in the retail dejiartment, Avhich partnership continued until the fall of 1862, when he recruited Company H, 86th I. V. Inf.; was mustered in as lieutenant-colonel of the regiment and served until 1865, Avhen he AA'as commissioned colonel of the 47th 111. Vet. Inf. He remained with this command until the breaking up of the brigade and division organization, AA'hen he was placed in command of the jiost at Selma,, Ala. He Avas brevettecl brigadier-general for dis tinguished service ancl assigned to command the district of Montgom ery, Ala., Avith headquarters at Montgomery, which position he held until his retirement in February, 1866. On returning he engaged in mercantile Avork. In 1867 he Avas apjiointed postmaster at Peoria, holding the position until 1877, Avhen his second term expired, he then engaged in the wholesale flour trade. In 1879 he took a course of med icine at Rush Medical College, Chicago, Avas admitted to practice before the State Board that year, ancl moving to Wyoming, established his office there. In June, 1846, he left Ft. Wayne, Ind., as a soldier for the Mexican War, went on -the Rio Grande Expedition under Colonel J. P. Drake, ancl served until June, 1847. He serA'ed as Commander of the first G. A. R. Post at Peoria ; is a member of the Army of the Ten nessee ancl of the Cumberland, and belongs to the Masonic Society since his majority. He has ahvays been a republican in political life. His children are Thomas E. Magee, an accountant ancl bookkeeper of Peoria; William N., of Chicago, and Mrs. Clara Parmley of Peoria. William. Mason, son of Jacob ancl Catherine (Biddinger) Mason, Avas born in German township, Fayette county, Pennsylvania, Novem ber 9, 1806. His father was a native of that county, and mother Avas born near Martinsburgh, West Virginia. His grandfather, Martin Mason, came from Germany to Maryland Avith his parents, ten years before Braddock's campaign. At the age of thirteen years he assisted in taking supplies to Braddock's camp, Avas cajitured by the Indians tAvo weeks before Braddock's defeat, taken to Fort DuQuesne, thence to Canada, and held there until the defeat of Montcalm before Quebec. In his travels be met Avhite men at Pittsburgh, Fort DuQuesne and other points, then sujiposed to be uninhabited. On returning he re- OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 371 mained at home until his marriage, Avhen he moved to Fayette county, Pennsylvania, and took up land by the " TomahaAvk Right," had his claim surveyed and recorded for $75, and there for a number of years had to fight the Indians. Jacob Mason, the youngest of his nine children, Avas the father of three sons ancl one daughter, of whom the subject of this sketch is the senior. In 1814 the family moved to a point four miles north of Ashland, Ohio, thence to Richland county, Ohio, where he Avas justice for many years, and Avhere they remained until September, 1837, AA'hen the family moA'.ed to Farmington, Illinois, where his father died in October, 1839, ancl his mother some years later. Their children are, William, of Stark county ; Martin, of Yates City ; James, of Farmington, Ills.; ancl Nancy, who married Jefferson Trickle, and died in this county. William came to Stark in August, 1837, purchased land tAvo and one-half miles south of Lafayette, 270 acres, a cabin, ten acres of corn, fenced, and tvwenty-five hogs for $2,200 in five franc pieces, and cultivated it for several years, until exchanged for his present farm, south of Toulon, of 370 acres. He Avas married in Pennsyh'ania to Miss Mattie Mc Williams, of Washington county. This lady died August 10, 1854, leaving two children, Wallace, mar ried, and Elizabeth — the latter wife of John Black, and mother of one son and one daughter. His present wife, Mrs. Matilda (Hoaclley) Foav- ler, is a native of New York state. Her daughter, Abbie, is Avife of Charles Hoadley. In early years Mr. Mason was Ensign and Captain of a company of Ohio militia, Avas one of the original members of the Stark-County Agricultural Society, and an active member of the Anti- Horse-Thief Organization of 1838-48. He has gone through all the experiences of border ancl pioneer life, and is hoav on the sunset side, satisfied that a citizen's duty has always been performed by him. Wallace 21c Williams Mason, born in Ashland county, Ohio, April 22, 1835, is the son of William and Mattie (Mc Williams) Mason. He came with parents to this county in the fall of 1837, and grew to man hood here. At the age of 22 years he took up farming for himself and Avas married here in 1866, to Miss Sarah Ann Cox, daughter of Enoch Cox, of Essex township. They are the jiarents of one son — James B. Mason. He is a member of the Stark County Agricultural Society, and Avith his agricultural interests pays some attention to horses, cattle and hog groAving, OAvning 175 acres of excellent land on Section 30. In public affairs Mr. Mason has served on the school board of his district for several years. The family lend their support to the Methodist Episcopal church. . John A. Maxfield, born at China, Me., engaged in the coast marine service Avhen a boy ; in 1843 ascended the Mississippi and Illinois to Peoria, and arrived at Toulon in May of that year. In 1845 he mar ried Miss Jane Winter. His son Thomas, noAv in Kansas, served in the Avar for the Union. ¦ Thomas II. Maxfield, son of Orrin ancl Chloe W. (Dexter) Maxfield, was born in Toulon toAvnship, August 31, 1845. His parents were na tives of Penobscot county, Me., from which state the family came to Knox county, Ills., in 1839. Orrin Maxfield Avas a son of Eliphalet and Jane (McCrillis) Maxfield, of Old Durham, N. H., Avhere father was born Jan- OiZ BIOGRAPHY' AND REMINISCENCES tiary 1, 1S04. He took a leading, part in building up the county to its present importance. His wife died November 21, 1872, and lies in Toulon cemetery. Mr. T. H. Maxfield was married here to Miss Sarah Frances, daughter of Russell and Sarah (Clements) Carr, born near Saratoga, NeAV York. They are the parents of two sons and seven daughters, namely : Ulysses G.. Chloe F., Lillian L., Augusta P.. Susan F., Vivian P., Thomas B.. Cora E., and Miriam E. Mrs. and Mr. Maxfield, Avith their two eldest daughters, are members of the Congre- gational church, although the elder Maxfield is of the Free Will Bap tist faith. He is a Past Grand of the I. O. O. F. Lodge at Toulon, and conect ed with the organization of the Rebekah degree, his Avife being also a member. Of his father's family. George and Orrin served in the Avar for the Union. The former is noAv married, and is engaged in the real estate business at Fairmont, Neb.; Susan, who married Thomas J. Wright, is dead : Charles died in Nebraska ; N. D. Max field is an agriculturalist near Fairmont, Neb. These, wi h John B. and Orrin constituted this pioneer family. Thomas H. occupies the homestead farm of liip acres. David 21c Cano; Avhose name occurs so frequently in the marriage record, and indeed finds mention in almost, every chapter, Avas born in Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1815, died here February 19, 1S84. after a residence in the county since 1847. C. P. 21c Cockle, son of George ancl Mary (Penny) McCorkle. Avas born at Wilmington, Del., September 10, 1830. His grandfather Avas William McCorkle, a native of Londonderry, Ireland, came to the United States when a boy ; Avas captain in our merchant marine, died years ago, leaving three sons — George, named above, prominent in business life at Wilmington for many years ; Thomas, one of the early successful brick manufacturers of Wilmington, and LindsaA*, A\"ho worked at the harness trade for his brother George. Charles P.. the subject of this sketch, is one of a family of tAvelve children, or the sca'- enth son and seventh child of a family of ten sons and two daughters, all of whom greAv to manhood and Avomanhood. Avith the exception of three sons deceased in youth. AVilliam, the eldest, died at Chattanooga, Tenn., leaving three daughters ; George is a farmer of Bureau County. 111.; Thomas is a dairy-farmer at Troy. N. Y.; Charles P. of Wyoming, BI.; Sabill, Avife of William A. Reed, of St.- Louis, Mo.; Henry, hotel- keeper at Chattanooga ; John, of Wyoming, 111.; Maria, Avidow of the late Henry Reed, of Bureau County, 111., and Edward, of Wright County. IoAva. Charles P. McCorkle received a, fair education at Wil mington, and learned the carriage trimmer's trade there., In 1S5S he visited Missouri, in 1850 Avent into business in Lake Providence, La., which he Avas compelled lo leave early in 1861. OAving to the feeling against the North. InlM!2 he enlisted in Company F, Thirteenth NeAV York IleaAy Artillery, ancl followed the fortunes of that com mand, both in its artillery and infantry service to July 18, 1865. After the Avar he moved to Gah-a, 111., (Avhere his father had settled in 1864, on his removal from Missouri), ancl there married Miss Marv Rocka- felloAv, a native of Illinois, daughter of Abram Johnson and Sarah (NeAA'comb) RockafelloAv, natives of New Jersey ancl NXv Hampshire, OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 373 respectively. They are the parents of tAvo children — Harry and May. In 1870 Mr. McCorkle and family moved to Wyoming, and has been prominently identified with the social ancl business circles of the town ever since. A reference to the history of Wyoming and Essex Town ship, points out definitely his connection Aviththe council, school board, agricultural Society, Grand Army Post, Masonic lodge, Congregational church, ancl other permanent and temporary associations connected with the progress of the toAvn and district. Politically he is a Republican. Robert 2LcKelghan, bora in the jiarish of Loughgehil, Antrim county, Ireland, June 11, 1818, is the sixth son and eighth child of a famity of eight sons ancl three daughters, born to John and Lily (Gault) Mc Keighan, of Avhom all but one son came to the United States. Robert passed his boyhood in his native country, obtained a fair education there, and at the age of eighteen years came to our shores — landing at Philadeljihia, August 14, 1836 — ancl after spending tAvo years in that city, in obtaining a fair idea of the habits ancl customs of this country, he joined a young man (John MattheAvs), then set out for the west, and eventually located in Fulton county, 111., spent a feAv A'ears in agricultural work ancl looking around ancl then located tAvo and one-half miles southwest of Farmington, AA'here he improved a farm, and married Miss Ellen Tuttle, daughter of Samuel Tuttle, a native of Maryland, an old settler of Ohio, as he Avas of Fulton county. There Mr. McKeighan spent twenty-five years. To them six sons and one daughther Avere born of Avhom four sons and a daughter are living — namely — John E., attorney of St. Louis, Mo., avIio married Miss Ellen Cutler of Ann Arbor, Mich., (Avhom he met there during his col lege days) jiarents of one son and three daughters. Samuel died in his seventeenth year ; Robert H. is a farmer ancl stock-groAver of Toulon ; Ellen is the wife of Levi Silliman ; George died in his tAventy-ninth year, leaving widoAv and son and daughter ; Sylvester H. is a farmer of Toulon toAYnship, and MattheAv a fa,rmer and stock-groAA'er of this toAvnshij). Mr. and Mrs. McKeighan have seventeen grand children. In 1865 he sold his interest in Fulton county, ancl moved to Toulon, Avhere he had bought 320 acres in 1863. Here their family greAV to manhood ancl womanhood, and for over twenty years have been prom inently identified with the social ancl agricultural progress of this, dis trict. John Mark MacMillen, son of William and Ann (Van Devaeder) MacMillen, was born near Staunton, Augusta county, Va., May 10, 1813. His father was a native of Pennsylvania, and mother supposed to have been raised there also. In 1821 his father, three sons and one daughter moved to Fayette county, Ohio., Avhere a second daughter was born — thus making a family of five children ; namely : John M., of Wyoming; Samuel, a farmer of McLean county, 111.; James, a far mer of Mills county, la.; Mrs. Elizabeth Cramer, AA'ho died in Mills county, la., and Mrs. Phoebe Porter of Lancaster county, Neb. John M. McMillen spent his boyhood's years in Fayette county, Ohio, Avhere he married Miss Elizabeth McDonald in 1834, a native of Fayette county, Avhose parents were pioneers of Ohio. In 1850 he moved to the Wyoming neighborhood, and in 1853 settled tAvo miles south of the 374 BIOGRAPHY AND RKMIX1SCKXCKS toAA'n in Essex. Avhere, in 1S53. he built his residence. In 1S72 he rented his farm and moved into AVyoming. Of his seven children, Thomas is a farmer of CraAvford county, la,; AVilliam, a soldier of the one-hundred and tAvelfth Illinois Volunteers, infantry, CompaiiA' E., is buried at Andersonville prison ; Manford AV. died at the age of thirteen years ; John A. died in Mills county, la., leaving a family of three children ; Charles is a merchant of AVyoming ; Airs. Effie A. DaAA'Son, deceased, died in Holt county. AIo.; Mrs. Alary A. Haines, widow of Booth Haines, lives at AVyoming, 111.; Mrs. McAIillen, a niece of Gov. Duncan MacArthur. died in Alay, 1S85, and Avas buried in the AVyom ing Cemetery. Mr. AIcMillen has served as justice of peace for several years; as notary jiublic since 1874; on the school board of his district many years, and Avas one of the original members of the Stark County Agricultural Society, carrying off some of the first premiums. Stejihen W. 2faring, son of a revolutionary soldier, Avho moved to Knox county, Ohio, Avas born there in 1834; moved Avith his father to Alarshall county. 111., in 1850; served in Company II, SeAenty-seventh Illinois Infantry, from 1802 to close of Avar; came to Toulon in 1865, Avhere he married Sarah Porter. M. E. Meeker, son of Aaron and Lydia (Sollars) Meeker, Avas born in Ross county, Ohio, May 7, 1S48; his grandparents Avere Wheeler and Sally Meeker, natives of Connecticut, Avho settled in Ross county in pioneer days, the former serving in the AVar of 1812, and one of the earh/ millwrights of Ohio. Aaron Meeker Avas a wagon-maker by trade ; of his family of four sons and five daughters, three sons and tAvo daughters are living, the subject of this sketch being the eldest. He passed his earlier years in his nath'e county, learned the carpenter trade there, and at the age of tAventy-tAvo came to AVyoming, Avhere he has since been engaged as a builder and contractor. lie Avas married to Miss Jennie, a daughter of Echvard O'Donnell, of Brimfield, 111. They are the parents of Floyd IL, Ernest, A., and Ada D. In business affairs he is a partner of Mr. Geesey, and has taken a full part in building up the toAvn, among other buildings on which he has been engaged being that of the Central Agricultural Society, A reference to the Masonic history of Wyoming and other pages aviII point out his close relation Avith the town since his settlement here. 2Iajor Wheeler K Seymour 2lei-riman, son of Daniel and Alartha (Churchill) Merriman, old Massachusetts families, Avas born near Pitts- field, Berkshire county, Alay 20, 1833. Here he received a common school education, Avhich Avas sujijilemented b}r an academic course at AVilliston Seminary, East Hampton, His father died in 1850. In 1853 he moved to XeAv York state, and in the fall of 1854 to Illinois, where he entered the 'service of the G, B. it Q. Railroad company. He Avas engaged Avith this company at Galesburg until April 19, 1801, Avhen he enlisted in Company II, Twelfth Illinois Infantry; in August he was elected second lieutenant; in April, 1802, after the battle of Shiloh, Avas promoted first lieutenant, and in September, 1862, captain of Com pany II. which position he held for nearly tAvo years. On the regiment veteranizing, he was elected major, completely filling the position until the close of the Avar. He was, in fact, brigadier in command of the Second OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 375 Brigade of the Fourth Division of his Army Corps from September 13 to October 16, 1864. During his term of service he invested funds in paying enterprises, and came out of the Avar at least financially strong and Avith a splendid reputation. Subsequently he lost a good deal of capital, returned to service of the C. it Great Eastern, Indiana, until October, 1866, when he located at Princeton as assistant assessor of internal revenue. In February, 1867, he moved to Toulon, engaged in agriculture for three summers and established his jiresent grocery house. Major Merriman married at Princeton in June, 1866, to Aliss Mary AL, a daughter of John Smith. They baA'e an adopted child E. II. Phelps. Both are supporters of the Congregational church. In ad dition to a large business, Mr. Merriman oaviis a well-improved farm of 120 acres. He has been a member of the Town Council ancl president of the Board for four years, as related in the official history of Toulon. Major Merriman. AA'hen at Corinth, Miss., lost a silver half-dollar, in scribed with his name ancl rank. In Ajiril, 1883, it Avas handed in as pay for a dinner at Des Aloines, Iowa, advertised ancl thus found its AvaAT back to its original OAvner. Rev. A. C. Miller, (vide chapter on AATest Jersey township). Hon. James Hughes 21iller, son of Rev. Allen C. and Alary (Pierson) Aliller, was born at Marseilles, AVyandotte county, Ohio, August 29, 1S43. His parents Avere nath'es of western Pennsylvania, but for about thirty- five years his mother resided in Ohio, of which state his father AA'as a resident for about eleven years. They moved to Roscoe, Winnebago county, 111., in October, 1851, AA'here Rev. A. C. Miller preached one year; thence to White Rock. Ogle county, AA'here they resided for many years. There James H. Aliller greAV to manhood. In the sum mer of 1861 he AA'as engaged to teach school at La Salle, 111., ancl again as clerk in a coal office. In the fall of 1862 he Avas authorized to recruit a company for the Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry. He suc ceeded in raising thirty men (after the call for 600,000 had been answered), a task then difficult in the Peoria district. This company was mustered in Avith the Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry, January 4, 1863 ; but owing to an accident which befell its organizer in September, 1862, he was not accepted. Mr. Miller then took a position in the McCormick works at Chicago, but in Ajiril, 1863, moved to his father's residence in Stark county, (the famfly coming to West Jersey in 1861), suffering from the hurt received in the fall of 1862. On arriving here he was attacked with hip disease resulting from the accident hitherto men tioned, and for six years was an invalid, ancl even up to 1871 used crutches. During the time of his illness he studied how for the inter est and knowledge such study gave, and Avas admitted an attorney-at- law in the spring of 1869, before the supreme court of this state. The same year he opened an office at Toulon, and since that time has suc cessfully practiced here. In 1872 he Avas elected state's attorney, ¦ receh'ing 453 A'otes o\Ter the Liberal Republican, P. M. Blair. He Avas appointed to this office early in 1872 to fill vacancy. From 1870 to 1877 he served as justice of the peace ; was counsel for Toulon village several terms and treasurer of the town in 1874. In 1885-6 he Avas one of the most energetic Avorkers for his party, and was one 376 ( BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES of the " steering committee " that succeeded in electing the late John A. Logan United States senator by the Thirty-fourth general assem bly. He Avas a member of the judiciary, judicial department and election committees, and on this last one was selected to jiush the election law aj>plicable to cities, villages and towns by the republican members thereof, and also at the request of the citizens' association of Chicago. The Chicago Legal News, of May 1, 1886, speaks of his action in this matter thus: " Among the many men avIio aided in the passage of the new election law, none are entitled to more credit than Hon. James H. Miller, of Toulon, by his disinterested efforts jaut forth in its behalf. He was a member of the house, and by speech, vote and influence did all in his poAver to secure its passage. He made the strongest and most eloquent argument in favor of its passage. When the act had become a law, ancl its validity Avas assailed in the supreme court, he followed it there, ancl without a hope of fee or reward made a strong and eloquent apjieal to the court in its behalf. He concluded his argument as follows : ' Believing that here in this citadel of truth, law and justice, the rights of every citizen, — be he high or Ioav, rich or poor, — Avill be protected in all of them, by the immutable laAvs of jus tice; that questions affecting the construction of the constitution of this state ancl the political and civil rights and jirhileges of the citizens depending upon it, are entitled to the fullest and most deliberate con sideration Avhen drawn into judicial discussions.— Upon a correct decision of these the security and harmony of our well-balanced sys tem of free and popular government mainly depends. When that shall have been done here, I believe that this act will be found not wanting, and that it will be construed to be in harmony Avith our groAvth, our institutions and the desires of our laAv-abiding citizens, and will be approved of by the judicial decision of this honorable court ; ancl that the inequality which now exists in the ballot between the different localities will have been overcome by Avise legislation and by plain, simple and just construction, and that 'folded leaf Avill then ' become the tongue of justice, a voice of order, a force of impe rial laAV ; securing rights, abolishing abuses and erecting new institu tions of truth ancl love,' in the great state of Illinois. " In October, 1870, he Avas married at Bloomington, 111., to Miss Emma M., daughter of Squire John Kearney, of Trumbull county, Ohio, a lady of high social qualities and earnest in the higher duties of Avomen. Their three children are Wilfred D., George G. and Harry H. Their second son, Allen Wayne, lies in the cemetery at Toulon. Mr. and Mrs. Miller are Presbyterians in faith, but regular attendants at Congrega tional Avorshiji. Mr. Miller Avas reelected in the fall of 1886 to the Thirty-fifth general assembly, receiving 719 more votes than were cast for any other candidate in the district, and his majority over his oppo nent Avas 1,658 as shown in the political chapter. Allen Pierson Miller, born in CraAvford county, Ohio, September , 16, 1849, is a son of the Rev. Allen CoAven Miller, one of the pioneer preachers of northAvestern Ohio, and one of the old settlers of Craw ford county. In 1861 Rev. Miller came to Stark county, where Allen P. completed his education and entered mercantile, life. In 1871 the OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 377 latter moved to Cass county, Neb., Avhere he remained until 1875, Avhen he returned to Toulon and commenced the study of law in the office of his brother, James H. Miller. He was admitted an attorn ey-at-law January 4, 1877, and appointed Master in Chancery in 1879, Avhich position he held until the spring of 1886. In addition to a good laAv practice, he carries on an extensh'e insurance business, and loans on real estate. During his professional career he has been engaged in some of the important cases brought before the courts Avithin the last eight years, and enjoys well merited confidence. Mr. Miller Avas mar ried to Miss Mary S., daughter of William D. and Salome (DeLong) James. They were the parents of seven children of Avhom four are deceased. Emma F., Cora B. ancl Clyde L. reside at home. Mr. and Mrs. Miller are members of the Congregational church, zealous in church Avork, active in literary ancl social circles, and earnest, in every thing Avhich promises to be beneficial to the community. A reference to the societies of Toulon, to the history of the Congregational church and to the pages of the general history, will point out the places filled by Mr. and Mrs. Miller Avithin this county. William Miller, born in Jackson county, Ohio, July 14, 1817, is the son of Isaac and Jane (McKean) Miller, natives of Virginia, near Wheeling. They moved to Pike county from Jackson county, Ohio, about 1824. There William Miller received his education, and there also he married Miss Nancy Mitchell, a native of Ohio, born near Cir- cleville. In 1843 he and Avife moved from Pike county to Illinois, lo cated in Stark county, and rented land there until 1849, when he pur chased 160 acres in Essex township. Their children, tAvo sons and one daughter, Elizabeth Jane, iioav the wife of Wilson Trickle, of Essex toAvnship ; Royal II., a merchant of Wj'oming, and True Alvin, a min ister of the Methodist Episcopal church in loAva. They have eleven grand children. Mr. Miller and wife have been Avorthy members of the Methodist Episcopal church for many years. He has served in school and township offices in Essex toAvnshij), and even prior to his settlement in this county was interested in the schools of his native county. Originally an old time Whig, he is noAv a Rejrablican; He Avas active in the establishment of the Central Agricultural Society, and since 1874, Avhen he took uj> his residence at Wyoming, has been inter ested in his new home as well as in the toAvnship AA'here he made his first home in Illinois. Royal II. 2liller, born in Essex ToAvnship, June 21, 1845, is a son of William and Nancy (Mitchell) Miller, referred to in the history of Es sex township, and also in this chapter. He passed boyhood's clays in Essex toAvnship, and there obtained a practical education. He carried on his father's farm until 1881, AA'hen he engaged in the grocery trade. He was married at Toulon in 1865, to Miss Arabella, daughter of Jacob Kissel, of West Jersey toAvnship. They haA'e two children, Allie M., and Della P. Mr. Miller is a supporter of the Congregational church, but was originally a member of the U. B. church of Essex. He has been a member of the Stark county Agricultural Society, Avas superin tendent of Sabbath Schools in Essex, and since coining here, has won many testimonials for his earnestness and ability in Sunday School 378 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Avork. His establishment at Wyoming is one of the finest stores de voted to business in this section of the State. William Miner, son of one of the pioneer Baptist preachers of this section, settled on what is known as the SteAvart Moore Farm, moved to Toulon, thence to Wyoming, thence to Chicago, Avhere he invented a mineral detector. Died in Southern Missouri, July 31, 1885. Rev. John 2Iitchell, pastor of the Congregational church of Wyom ing, Avas born August 15, 1844, at New, Milns, Ayreshire, Scotland, of which place his parents, James ancl Mary (Pollock) Mitchell, Avere natives and members of the "High" or "Established church of Scotland." The father died in 1849, three years after the death of his wife. Of their four children, John is the youngest. Archibald is still living in Scot land, James in Canada, and a, sister died Avhile quite young. At the death of his parents John was taken under the guardian care of an aunt, ancl remained Avith her until her death. His education was such as to jirepare him for mercantile life, but he had a stronger desire for literature than for commercial pursuits. At GlasgOAv, Scotland, he became intimately acquainted Avith the Rev. J. P. Keeley, who finding his tastes, advised him to study for the ministry. Acting upon this advice he took a further course in literature ancl eventually a four years' course in theology, and was ordained to the ministry in 1872. He was married June 28, 1869, at St. Martin's church, Worcester, Eng land, to Miss Elizabeth BurroAV, eldest daughter of John Burrow, an engineer residing near Malvern, Worcestershire. Her father Avas also a local preacher in the Wesleyan body, Avhich position he held until his death, March 26, 1862. Her grandfather, (same name as her father), now in his eighty-seventh year, still carries on the business of engineering, and is one of the most liberal supporters as Avell as an honored member of the Wesleyan church. In 1872 Rev. John Miller came to this country, and for some years, jireached in Mississippi and Kentucky, accepted a call to become pastor of the Congregational church, Vermillion, Ohio, January 16, 1882, and Avhile there he received a call to the pastorate of the Congregational church, Wyoming, 111., Avhich he accepted and still fills most satisfactorily. Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell are the parents of four children : John Alexander, born in Glasgow, Scotland, June 5, 1871 ; Jessie Annie, born in Worcester, England, March 22, 1874; Aggie Maud, born in Vermillion, Ohio, October 10, 1882, and Archie Presclie, born at Wyoming, June 13, 1884. The eldest child died in Kentucky, January 31, 1880, and lies in Greenup cemetery. Robert Mitchell, died at Toulon, July 14, 1882, aged seventy-one years. He settled in Goshen Township in 1838, ancl resided there until 1881. He Avas born in Donegall County, Ireland. Mrs. StoAve, now of Kansas, is his sister. James 2fontooth, sheriff of Stark County, son. of Samuel and Jane (Winters) Montooth, was born in Tyrone County, Ireland, February 8, 1831. His grandfather James, ancl grandmother Elizabeth Beatty, were natives of Scotland, who immigrated when young and AA'ere mar ried in Ireland, Avhere he Avorked at the carpenter's trade. He was one OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 379 of six sons, tAA'o of Avhom came to America, ancl serA'ed in the Avar un der Anthony Wayne. Samuel Avas born in 1799, learned his father's trade, and subsequently the Aveaver's trade. His Avife, daughter of Patrick Winters, a farmer, AA'as born in 1806, her mother being a, Stu art of the Scottish family. She married Samuel in 1830, came Avith him to Philadelphia, Pa., in 1833, ancl to Elmira in February, 1858. On coming here he ceased to be a tradesman, and devoted his attention to stock-groAving and farming until his death in 1885. Of their nine children, six survh'e. James the subject of this sketch ; Jane, wife of George Reed, of Bradford ; Samuel, of Elmira ; Rebecca and Mar garet, tAvin sisters, the former the AA'ife of Robert, and the latter of Thomas Turnbull of Page County, IoAva, and Charles, residing on old homestead in Oceola. James Montooth received his education in Phil adelphia, learned the Aveaver's trade there, ancl from 1845 to 1858 worked at brick-making. In 1853 he married Miss Mary, daughter of John and Mary (Wright) Tomlinson, natives of Ireland. Their chil dren of this marriage were Jennie, wife of Roger Baker, of Kansas, ancl an infant who died and Avas buried Avith its mother in June, 1857. In 1858 he came to Elmira, and settling in the Leason log cabin, en gaged at once in agriculture. The following year he began the brick manufacturing industry at Avhere he noAv lives ; in 1860 joined the " Elmira Rifles" under Captain Stuart, and in June, 1861, entered the United States service, as credited to him in the history of the Nine teenth ancl One Hundred and Fifty-first Regiments of Illinois infan try (vide military chapter). On the march from Nashville to Mur freesboro, Lieutenant Montooth saved the Colonel of the One Hundred and Fifty-first Illinois from droAvning in the Cumberland river under circumstances that required the highest degree of strength, tact and courage. On returning from the Avar he married Miss Mary E., daugh ter of Joel and Dulcina (Young) Wilson, both natives of NeAV Jersey. Her grandfather Avas Abner M., and grandmother Elizabeth Lundy. The ancestors of the former are said to have come out Avith Penn's colony. Elizabeth Lundy was sister of Ben Lundy, the Quaker friend of the bondsmen credited to him in Volume I, Greeley's History of the Rebellion, AvhogaA^e up all he possessed to aid the cause of negro liberty. To this latter marriage eight children Avere born. Della E. is wife of William Rennick, of Toulon ; May L., Laura B., James L., Sarah E., Samuel W., ancl Charles Stuart, reside at home. Mr. Mon tooth has been engaged in agriculture and brick manufacture ever since the Avar. In 1859 he jmrchased fifty acres on Section 1, Toulon, to AA'hich he has since added 111 acres. From 1856 to the present time he has been a thorough Republican ; but beyond the interest taken by him in schools and toAvnship matters, Avhich naturally made him j>rom- inent in the official life of the township, he did not seek for office. In 1886 he Avas nominated and elected sheriff. In social ancl religious matters he is a Royal Arch Mason, a snpporter but not a member of the M. P. Church, and commander of James Jackson Post, G. A. R., of Elmira. He is practical in all things, and for almost three decades has taken a full share in the advancement of the county. William L. Mooney, born in Athens County, Ohio, in 1845, settled 380 biography and reminiscences in Henry County, 111., in 1852, came to Wyoming in 1870, died in Octo ber, 1882, from the result of AA'ounds received from a saw. J. W. Morrison, born in Winchester, Va., in 1830, came to Stark county in 1853, and settled in Goshen. His jiarents, J. W. and Evaline (White) Morrison, natives of Virginia, were old settlers of Fayette county, Ohio, Avhere they died. They moved to that county in 1836. Mr. Morrison received a practical education in Ohio, and there married Miss Mary Ann, daughter of Thomas and Ann (Irvine) Hart, natives of Ireland. This lady was born in Canada in 1834. The Morrison family must be considered early settlers of Goshen, for they resided there several years before their removal to Toulon. In March, 1877, Mr. Morrison received the appointment of superintendent of the county infirmary. His OAvn executive ability and the genial, practical methods of the'family have made his term of office thoroughly satis factory and successful. In December, 1886, he was reappointed super intendent for the year ending March, 1888, ancl alloAved $100 rent for his house at Toulon until the proposed new infirmary is completed. In 1865 he enlisted in Company K, Forty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served at Mobile, Ala., until February, 1866. In society matters he is a member of the R. A. Chapter, of the Blue Lodge, and of the Odd Fellows's society at Toulon. He is also a member of Wright Post, G. A. R. Mr. and Mrs. Morrison are the parents of seven children — Lerov F., Martha (noAv Mrs. AndreAv Bradley), Jennie (Mrs. Fred. Rhodes), Belle C, John S., Mary L., and Thomas W. — all natives of Stark county, and all residents here except Leroy, who is in Idaho. In the destruction of the infirmary building, December 5, 1886, Mr. Morrison lost heavily in jiersonal jiroperty. N. B. Morse, M. D., born in Knox county, 111., October 16, 1838, is a son of Thomas A. and Harriet C. (Jones) Morse, natives of Western New York and pioneers of Illinois, and grandson of Samuel Morse, who came to Illinois in 1816 and settled in St. Clair county, being among the prominent lawyers of the state. He Avas a lineal descendant of the early Morses of America in history and a cousin of B. F. Morse. Samuel Morse was prominent in all the early affairs of the state, both public and industrial. Dr. Morse passed boyhood in Knox county on the farm, and obtained a good common school education. He com menced medical studies under Dr. J. W. Scudder, of Prairie City, and continued to until 1862, Avhen he enlisted in Company G, Eighty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry as private, and served in the ranks for ten months ; was then promoted to orderly sergeant, which position he held Avhen mustered out at the close of the war. He served in all the battles of the campaign in Avhich the regiment was jaresent. After the Avar he reentered Cincinnati Medical College, from Avhich he graduated in 1866-7, and in 1867 commenced practice at Utica, 111. After tAvo years he removed to this county, and locating at Duncan was in active practice for nine years. In 1879, on account of ill health, he removed to Colorado and embarked in mining operations successfully for one year, Avhen he resumed professional duties at Silon Cliff. In the fall of 1882 he sold his interests in Colorado and returned to Stark county. He Avas married in Knox county, 111., in 1864 to Miss Elizabeth, OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 381 daughter of Joel W. Slaughter, of Knox county. They have two sons and one daughter — Willie, a student of music; Nettie and Hally D. The doctor supports all churches, is a member of De Wolf Post, G. A. R. ancl of the I. 0. O. F. lodge at Wyoming. James Harvey Newton, son of Elizabeth (Newton) NeAvton, was born in Greenbrier county, W. Va., November 3, 1820, where their people belonged to pioneer families. There Mr. Newton Avorked on his grandfather's farm until 1847, Avhen coining Avest he purchased and improved eighty acres on section 26, Goshen tOAvnship, to which he added 200 acres, all hoav managed by his sons, James Isaac and William A. Newton. He was married at Toulon to Miss Hester A. McCance, a nathe of Indiana. Their two children are James I., just mentioned, and William A., OAvner of the meat market at Toulon. James I. Newton married Miss Lucy Thomas, they are the parents of tAvo children, ancl William A. married Miss Lucy Shinn, parents of three children. James H. Newton, Sr., Avas a Presbyterian, but now belongs to the Congregational church. He served on the townshiji school board for nine years. His wife is a member of the Christian church at Toulon. In politics he is republican, Avith strong sympathy for prohibition of the liquor traffic. Benjamin A. Newton, born in Susquehanna county, Pa., October 12, 1835, is the son of David and Sarah A. (Brundage) Newton, both natives of Pennsylvania. DaA'id Avas the son of Benjamin ancl Phoebe (Stearns) NeAvton, the American ancestors of whom were from Great Britain and France resjiectively. This Benjamin Avas born in 1776, married Sarah Carey in 1802, Avho died the folloAving year, and to them Sarah NeAvton. (who came to Illinois November 5, 1844, and died February 4, 1885), Avas born. In 1804 he married Miss Stearns, and to this union ten children Avere born. Phoebe, wife of Robert Sharer, came to Illinois in 1835 ; died August 4, 1879; Nelson died in Pennsylvania; Sarah Avife of Peter ShaA^er, came in 1835, died in 1879 ; David came in 1844, died in IoAva in 1879 ; Joesph came in 1835, died in 1871 ; Benjamin came in 1835, died in 1869 ; NeAvman came in 1835, moved to Kansas ancl died in 1883 ; Flora, Avho married Horace Gregory, died in 184S ; Naoma, wife of Anderson Mounts, resides at Peoria. The grandfather of Benjamin A. settled in Penn township in 1835, and there was a farmer and stock-groAver until his death in 1851. His wife preceded him to the grave in 1849. David married Miss Sarah Ann, daughter of John ancl Phoebe (Brundage) in 1834. _ Her fa.ther was a PennsjdA'anian and her grandfather a soldier of the Rev olution, although a native of Great Britain. On account of his ser vices in the American army the British government confiscated his property in England. Her mother Avas a German. The children of this marriage were Benjamin A., of this township, and Sarah Ann, re siding at Peoria. In 1840 he married Miss Ada Delemater, to Avhom ten children Avere born, six of whom are living, James in IoAva ; Anderson in Nebraska ; Isaac, a AvidoAver, Stephen L., Olive ancl Ida, all residents of IoAva. Benjamin A. NeAvton passed his early years at school and on the farm. In 1856 he married Miss Susannah, daughter of William and Barbara (Calerman) Dunn, natives of Kentucky, (who 382 BIOGRAPHY AMD REMINISCENCES settled near Springfield, 111., in 1830, ancl engaged in agriculture up to the period of his death.) Mrs. Newton Avas the youngest, except one, of six children. Her brothers Thomas and William are in IoAva ; James and Daniel ancl her sister Margaret, who married John Harmon, are deceased. Mr. Newton Avas a farmer until 1865, Avhen he became a mechanical engineer, a trade to which he has given attention for over twenty years. His children are Frank A., of Osceola; Eliza, M., residing at home ; Lora B., Avife of Johnson Harris, of Toulon ; Mary S., Avife of George Hanchett; Elbert P. and Fred B., at home. He cast his first A'ote for Fremont, and since that time has been a pro nounced rejaiblican. He supports the M. P. church, while Mrs. NeAvton is a member of the M. E. church. In society matters he is a Mason, and as related in the township history, ahvays prominent in Avhat concerns the schools, the township or the county. Jason Montgomery Newton, son of Perry M. and Rebecca (Haller) NeAvton, was born February 25, 1855, at Canton, Fulton county, 111. His jiarents, natives of Pennsylvania, moved to Illinois in early clays ancl were among the pioneers of Canton. The father serA'ed in the Black HaAvk Avar, and also in the Civil Avar, dying in the army some years later. In 1878 his AvicloAv married Thomas James, and in 1879 moved to Nebraska. Jason M. Newton received his education at LeAv- istoAvn, 111., graduating in 1872. That year he came to Wyoming and took a positionXs printer in the offiice of the Post, under E. H. Phelps. In 1874 he worked at the case on the Union, ancl Democrat, at Lewis- town. In 1876 he entered the Transcript office at Peoria, and subse quently worked on the Journal and Democrat there. In 1880 he re visited Wyoming, took charge of the Post printing office, holding the position until February, 1885, Avhen he was appointed on the local staff of the Post- Herald. Ln March, 1886, he assumed editorial charge under Mr. Sandham, Avhose duties as superintendent of schools did not afford him time to give such attention to his journal as it required. Mr. NeAvton noAv holds that jDosition Avith most satisfactory results. In society matters he Avas connected Avith the Good Templars from 1880 to the time the lodge disbanded. In 1886 he became a charter member of the Modern Woodmen. His three uncles, George and William AgneAv and Jason Boyle, ser\red through the Avar of 1861-5. Gear ye Nicholas ancl his son Avere killed by lightning near Wy oming, May 17, 1862. The former was an industrious farmer aged fifty-two years. Rev. Thomas J. Nesmith, a resident of Putnam county for twenty- one years, died September 22, 1886, aged ninety-one years. He Avas a soldier in the Avar of 1812, ancl afterAvards a minister of the M. P. church. 2/rs. Elizabeth Nixon, Avho died April 20, 1884, in IoAva, Avas a native of Virginia, Avhere she was born in 1807. In 1831 she moved to Peoria, ancl subsequently resided at Toulon Avith her son-in-laAV, J. W. Hewett. Will E. Nixon, one of the founders of the Stark county Sentinel, is the third child of EdAvard and Margaret (Kenney) Nixon, and was born in Toulon, 111., November 14, 1859, ancl educated in the, public OF TOULON TOAVNSHIP. 383 schools of Toulon. Learned the printer's trade in the office of the New Era, in 1873, ancl has been connected at different times Avith every newspaper since published in the county. The publication of the Sentinel was begun by Blair & Nixon, October 8, 1880, Thomas H. Blair retiring the folloAving spring on account of failing health. In May, 1882, AV. E. Nixon also retired from the paper, and the business Avas continued by J. K. Hall. He Avas married November 30, 1882, to Miss Lottie R. Brace, eldest daughter of Orlando Brace, county treas urer. Echvard Nixon, a nathre of Virginia, came to Peoria county in 1836, Avas married there in 1851 or 1852, ancl moved to Toulon village in 1854, Avhere he died May 8, 1883. Mrs. Nixon, Sr., is living at Peoria, Avhere tAvo of her sons reside. Her daughter, wife of M. A. Hall, resides at Emporia, Kansas. James Nowlan, son of Michael and Frances (Kearney) NoAvlan, natives respectively of Carlow and Wexford counties, Ireland, Avas born at Grafton, Mass., February 6, 1837. In 1840 the family — par ents ancl four sons, moved Avest and settled on the homestead in Goshen toAvnship, AA'here the father died in 1882. Of the sons avIio came here John died in 1869, aged 29 years. His brother Michael died in 1867. Patrick, James and William have for years held a foremost place in citizenship. EdAvard, DaA'id, Michael, Mary, Henry, George and Josejm Avere born here. Patrick resides at Hastings, Neb., is married, ancl is the parent of five children. William, Henry ancl Echvard are men of families, residing in Goshen toAvnshiji. Dr. David NoAvlan re sides at HaA'elock, IoAva. Their sister is Reverend Superioress of St. Mary's school, Baltimore, Md. George is cashier of Burge & Dewey's Bank at Toulon, ancl Joseph, until recently, has served in the Stark county News office. James NoAvlan was brought up on the farm, and was subsequently a farmer on his oavii account for about eight years. In 1865 he entered mercantile life at Toulon, and in comjiany Avith one or other of his brothers, carried on a large business until 1879, Avhen he left the firm to engage in his present business. He married Miss Nellie A. Plummer, of Yates City, to Avhom Avere born James A., and Mary Irene. The family are members of St. Mary's Catholic church, and claim in a very marked degree the confidence of the people of all creeds ancl classes. It is beyond the limits of this sketch to follow the members of this large family through official life. A reference, Iioav- eA'er, to the chapters on county societies, pioneers, toAvnship ancl vil lage organizations, churches ancl schools, will sIioav very distinctly the various parts taken by them in the drama of settlement and progress. ( Vide history of county and of Toulon and Goshen.) Thomas A. (Jakes, born in Orange county, Va., in 1811, married Mary Carter, of Mt. Arernon, O., in 1838, settled in Warren county, 111., in 1839, died at Toulon, at his daughter's, Mrs. C. L. Packer, March 15, 1866. Sylvester Francis Otman, whose ancestors came from Germany prior to the Revolutionary War, was born at Stockbridge, Madison county, N. Y., November 5, 1828. His grandfather served in the Revolution, and was captured by that fierce ally of the English — Theyenclanega — or, Joseph Brandt, who was returning fresh from his bloody harvest 384 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES in the Wyoming valley. At the age of seven young Otman moved Avith parents to NeAV Hartford, N. Y., Avas educated there, and at the age of eighteen completed his course at the Sanquoit Academy. He taught tAvo terms of school in this county, and arrived at Peoria, 111., on his twenty-first birthday, where he presided over the then Third Ward school until May, 1850, Avhen he moved to Wyoming. In 1853 he was elected surveyor ancl served eight years. In 1857 he Avas elected justice, resigning to enlist in Company E., One-hundred-and- twelfth Regiment, in 1862. He recruited this company and Avas elected cajitain, which position he held until November 30, 1864, when he took command of the regiment, at the battle of Franklin, Tenn. He commanded until February, 1865, when he was detailed as Acting Assistant Inspector-General on General Henderson's staff, and this rank he held until the command Avas mustered out, June 22, 1865. He par ticipated in every battle of his regiment, AA'as never Avounded, and only " under the Aveather " for eleven days. In 1866 he Avas elected mem ber of the legislature. In 1869, Avith A. W. King, he engaged in the general merchandise trade here, and for five years carried on a large trade. In 1874 he formed a partnership with A. G. Hammond, Avhich continued for four years. In 1878 he was reelected a member of the legislature, reelected in 1880, thus serving three full sessions and three extra sessions, and having the honor ancl satisfaction of aiding in send ing Lyman Trumbull and John A. Logan to the United States Senate. Captain Otman formed a, partnership with John Jordan in 1S81, ancl since that time has been extensively engaged in the lumber trade. Politically he Avas Democratic until 1856, Avhen he voted for John C. Fremont. His services to the country and county tell plainly that he has been a Republican since that time. He married Miss Emma Dench field in 1855, to whom one daughter was born — the mother and child dying the same Aveek, in September, 1864. In 1867 he married Mrs. Sarah Smith Denchfield, who is the mother of the popular' A. N. Otman, now seventeen j^ears of age. In 1.851 he joined the Masonic Lodge here, ancl is noAv also a member of the Chapter. He is one of the original members of DeWolf Post here. During the years 1850-3 he Avorked at the carpenter's trade, and this Avork, with his professional labors in school, his military career, and his commercial experiences, have contributed a share to give to Stark county one of her very best citizens. ( Vide general history). Benjamin Packer, son of Benjamin and Polly (Johnson) Packer, was born in Plainfield township, Otsego county, N. Y., August 23, 1818 His father Avas a son of Jeremy Packer of- Bennington, Yt., Avho served through the Revolution against the British, ancl his mother, a daughter also of a revolutionary soldier, Ebenezer Johnson of NeAV York. In 1824 the family moved to Windham county, Yt., in 1828 to Saratoga, N. Y., Avhere Benjamin Avas raised and received a practical education. In 1851 he moved west ancl purchased 160 acres in Toulon township, which he sold, ancl then purchased 400 acres. Of this last jmrchase he exchanged 320 acres for his present property of 240 acres, to which he has added 560 acres, making 800 acres, a part of Avhich he has divided betAveen his sons. He was married in Saratoga county, OH' TOULON TOWNSHIP. 385 N. Y., in 1851 to Miss Hannah, daughter of Ezra Lyon, avIio is buried in the cemetery near Northville. Of the ten children born to them, five sons and three daughters are liA'ing. Eli is a Baptist minister in Linn county, la., Avho studied five years at the University of Chicago, and two years at the NortliAvestern Theological Seminary, Morgan ark ; Mortimer A. is a theological student ; Ezra Lionel and Charles Lee, both farmers of Toulon toAvnship ; Camilla May, the Avife of Millar Patterson, of Wyoming ; Frances Hannah, Elmer Benjamin, and Maggie E., still at home. By his first marriage Avith Miss Rebecca Leggett there were four children, two sons and tAvo daughters, three of whom are dead, and one of the daughters, Sylva Paulina, is Avife of Henry AValton of Black Hawk county, residing near Jessup postoffice, IoAA'a. Mr. Packer is one of the original members of the Stark county Agricultural Society, and one of its most acthe members and officials. He has been a member of the Baptist Church since the age of eighteen, and Mrs. Packer has held membership since the age of thirteen. Politically Mr. Packer is a Republican. In the history of the toAvnship as well as in the general history the parts taken by Mr. Packer in jiublic and religious affairs is very fully shown. Chartes S. Payne, son of John and Asenath (Mattoon) Payne, was born at Hartford, Conn., October 25, 1818. His father, a native of Long Island, N. Y., served Avith distinction in the Revolution, subse quently settled at Homer, N. Y., and erected one of the first buildings there ; thence moved to Hardforcl, Conn., near Avhich city he died. His mother Avas of French extraction, and descended from the pioneers of Connecticut. Their daughter, at Avhose home John Payne died, was the wife of a nejmew of Ex-Governor Tompkins of New York. Charles S. Payne sjient his boyhood in the east. -In his youth he worked in a Avooden-screw factory ; at the age of fourteen years he en gaged in sash and blind making ; at the age of tAventy years Avent to NeAV York City, and in partnership with Mr. McKenzie established a business there, Avhich they conducted until 1845, Avhen Mr. Payne visited the South. In 1846 or 1847 he traA'eled to Chicago, via St. Louis, and there engaged in the lumber, sash, door and blind business. In 1848 he established the first sash ancl blind factory at Peoria, Avhich he carried on jointly with his Chicago concern — it being related that there he made the first diamond sash manufactured in the West. In 1851 he sold out his western interests ancl returning to NeAV York City purchased the interests of his former partner, McKenzie, in a large manufacturing house. In 1853 he disposed of this interest, and returning to Illinois, settled on lands in Valley township, which he had previously purchased. These lands he imjiroved ancl cultivated until 1857, Avhen he moved to Wyoming, built and opened a large store here, next erected a flouring mill at a cost of $40,000, laid out a park, established tile Avorks, constructed an opera house, ancl altogether placed about $100,000 in building up his own industries at Wyoming. The part he has played in the several acts of the drama of citizenship is only partly related here. In the general history as well as in that of Wyoming more precise mention is made of him, even the fact of his 33 386 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES monument in the cemetery being erected, let us hope, a quarter of a century before he will seek its shelter, is not omitted. Mr. Payne was married in NeAV York city to Miss Elizabeth Ange\dne by Rev. Dr. Tuttle of the Protestant Episcopal Church. This lady is descended from Charles of Anjou ancl Beatrice, daughter of Raymond de Beren- ger, famous in French history of the thirteenth century. The Paynes also came of old French stock, snrnamed Paien from the well-knoAvn skejiticism of the family in religious matters. Mr. Payne is a demo crat of the old school ; but an earnest Avorker Avith that party. ( Vide general and township) history. Harvey Pettit, son of Josejih ancl Polly (Nichols) Pettit, Avas born at GalloAvay, Saratoga county, N. Y., October 4, 18l9. At the age of fourteen years he Avent to KnoAvlesville, Orleans county, where he served an apprenticeship in a mercantile house. Subsequently, he moved to Westfield, Chautauqua county, N. Y., and there learned the woolen business. From 1840 to 1843 he resided at Napoleon, O. Re turning in the latter year, he married Miss Phoebe E. Whitman, a native of New York state, born at Milton, September 11, 1824 Moved Avith his family to Najioleon, O., in 1844; one year later (1845) to Peoria county, 111. ; a feAv years after, they settled in Stark county, where their seven sons ancl three daughters Avere raised and edu cated. Their children are named as folloAvs: William 11., of Texas, born in llenry county, 111., January 21, 1844; Susan A., Avife of Abram Buffington, of Trego county, Kan., born in Peoria county, 111., February 22, 1846 ; Elijah B., a farmer of Stark county, 111., born in Peoria county, 111., October 14, 1849 ; Sylvester L., a merchant of Ster ling, Col., born in Bureau county, 111., October 8, 1851 ; Joseph, born in Marshall county, 111., October 23, 1853 ; George C, of Peoria, born in Marshall county, 111., Alay 18, 1857; Mary, Arthur and Alonzo, resid ing at home; Clara B., Avho married Ezra King, is dead. She was born in Stark county, 111., August 22, 1862; Mary A. was born May 29, 1885, in Jasper county, la.; Arthur was born Alarch 13, 1859, in Stark county, 111. ; Alonzo was born June 10, 1865, in Stark county, IU. Dr. Allen McArthur Pierce, son of Samuel and Mary Louisa (AIc- Donald) Pierce, AA'as born in Ross county, 0., December 19, 1836. In 1847, his father and family of six children moved to Chillicothe, 111., and subsequently to Stark county, Avhere he died September 13, 1879. His AvidoAv survives him, Avhile his children, with the excejition of Dr. Pierce ancl his sister, Mary L., reside outside this state. Frank and John are engaged in mining operations in Colorado, ancl Charles E. is a mill-OAvner at PaAvnee City, Neb., Avhere he has a family. Dr. Pierce spent his earlier years in Ross county, O. On coming to Illinois, he devoted himself to study, ancl at the age of tAventy-one entered the office of Dr. Thomas, at Wyoming; subsequently attended Rush Medical college, and graduated from that institution in 1861. The following tAvelve months were devoted to practice at Toulon, and then he entered the union service as army surgeon, under commission of Governor Yates. In the fall of 1862, he returned home on "sick- leave," and early in 1864 Avas commissioned first assistant surgeon, OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 387 One-hundred-and-thirty -ninth Illinois A^olunteer Infantry, in Avhich service he remained until the close of the Avar. Locating at Peoria in 1865, he had his office with Dr. Robert Boal, was pension surgeon there, and continued in active practice until 1869, when he Avas induced to move to Galesburg. In 1870, he took up his residence at Wyoming, and has practiced there Avith marked success for over six teen years. The doctor is an active member of DeWolf Post, Grand Army of the Rejmblic. Mrs. Pierce belongs to the Methodist society here. He married Miss Mary W., daughter of 'Squire Isaac Thomas. Their children are Harry L., of the Peoria bar ; Mary E. and Jerome T. Pierce, residing at home. Henry Ranger Pierce, native of NeAV York state, came to Stark county about the year 1849. He resided in southern Illinois for several years prior to 1849 ancl Avas engaged in mercantile life in this state from his boyhood. After coming to this county the gold fever took him to California, where he passed about three years, Avith success. Returning, he located a farm just north of Toulon ancl subse quently located in 'town, where he died in 1861; leaving a family of three sons and one daughter: Isabella A., Harlan W., Corrance and Harry M., an attorney of Chicago. His Avife was Miss Martha A. Catterlin. daughter of Joseph Catterlin, a pioneer merchant, who came from Virginia in 1849, as referred to in this chapter. Mr. Pierce was a strong supporter of the Methodist Episcopal church and an old member of the Masonic lodge here. Harlan Pierce spent his boyhood here, and here received a good common -school education, sup plemented by a course of commercial study at Quincy. He began clerking at the age of eighteen years, in 1866, in the store of Hiram Willett ; Avas subsequently clerk in the store of George S. Lawrence, and again clerk ancl overseer of the lumber business of the Stark county lumber headquarters, at Wyoming, for three years ancl a half. Returning to Toulon, in 1885, he engaged Avith his brother, Corrance, in business here. F. 0. Phelps, a brother of E. H. Phelps, died in August, 1875, at " Riverhead, L. I., Mrs. Franklin Pratt died near Wyoming, in June, 1870. Henry T. Prentiss, of the firm of Bogue & Co., Wyoming, Avas born at Monroeville, O., November 26, 1851. His father, Charles P., also a native of that county ancl postmaster at Monroeville, is a son of Thomas Prentiss, of Lebanon, N. Y., avIio settled in Ohio in her pioneer clays. llenry T. was educated in Ohio, ancl was interested in his father's manufacturing interests until 1880, Avhen he accepted a position Avith Bogue & Co., at Chicago ; coming to Wyoming in April, 1884. He was married at Plymouth, 0., to Miss Jennie Beekman, daughter of 'Squire Abram Beekman, an old settler of that toAvn. Mr. Prentiss is an important addition to the citizenship of Wyoming ancl is well estab lished here. John Prior, Avhose cabin in 1842 Avas transformed into a church, and in 1844 into a school-house, presided over by John W. Henderson, was the pioneer chair-maker of Toulon. Mrs. Shallenberger, referring to him and his home, says : " The fireplace was rough and large, into 388 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Avhich good-sized logs could be throAvn Avhen occasion required ; a pole, the dimensions of a common hand-spike, served as poker, or lever, and an old saAV inverted played shovel. Then, as a pointed illustration of the proverb, 'shoemakers' Avives always go barefoot,' there never Avas a Avhole chair seen in this establishment. A number of frames Avith shingles laid on them accommodated the adult listeners, Avhile a turn ing lathe in the corner afforded perching jilaces for the little folks. Thus the people gathered, the men wearing patches without shame, ancl the girls in sun-bonnets and coarse shoes, or the little ones Avithout any, and listened to the PoAvells and Blakes, the Wilkinsons and Boyers of old ; but Avhat our memory still retains of those meetings Avith jieculiar jileasure is, the rich, full tenor of Caleb Flint, Avhich, Avhen Avedded to some of Wesley's glowing lines, bore all hearts aloft and made a sanctuary of the rough dwelling Avhere we met. ' Brother Prior,' too, Avas Avont to sing with the spirit, if not with the under standing; ancl Ave recall an occasion, after fashion or more thorough culture had rendered the congregation a little fastidious as to its music, and a, T Brother Woollascroft ' led well, both the circuit ancl singing, this ' Brother Prior ' was cantering on a measure or so in adA'ance of his leader, despite his earnest gestures to arrest his course. When human nature could endure no more, Mr. Woollascroft said, in his most decided tones, ' Brethren, Ave Avill commence that verse again ; ancl not so fast, Brother Prior.' " Nelson Prout, son of William and Jane (Davis) Prout, was born in Greene county, N. Y., in 1812. His jiarents were nath'es of Greene county, N. Y. Mr. Prout moved to Newark, N. J., Avhere he married in 1832, Miss Sarah A. Gardner, daughter of John Gardner, of NeAvark, N. J. They Avere the parents of ten. children, all of whom. Avere born in Newark, N. J. When the family moved to Stark county in 1855, they Avere accompanied by tAvo of their girls and three boys. Albert is in Kansas, Frank is a lawyer in Nebraska, and Fred, Avho served in the First New Jersey Infantry in 1861, died in Jersey City. All the daughters are married except Miss Anna, who conducts a millinery store at Toulon. Mr. Prout, sr., has been janitor at the court house for the last ten years, ancl by his precision in all matters relating to his duties, has made himself, in fact, a part and parcel of the court house. Mrs. Elijah Ransom died at Oregon, 111., November. 26, 1881. Francis Rennick (deceased), Avas born near Enniskillen, Fermanagh county, Ireland, April 16, 1819. He lived in his native country till his tAventy-second year, AA'hen he came to Canada, AA'here on the 16th of April, 1844, he Avas united in marriage to Miss Sarah Cousens, of Montreal, and during the time of his residence in Canada,, his family of ten children Ave re born, the eldest of Avhom died there. In the year of 1867, he moved with his family to Stark county, Avhere he continued to reside until the time of his death, December 21, 1886. Jo.srjJi D. Rhodes, one of the pioneers of Stark county, died at Toulon, in February, 1880, aged sixty-one years. {Vide Goshen town ship.) Eugene Rhodes, born in Toulon township, August 13, 1859, is a son OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 389 of Charles and Caroline (Cram) Rhodes. He Avas raised and educated in this county and here married Miss Clara Wright, a daughter of T. J. Wright, of Toulon, to Avhom one son — Arthur Rhodes, was born. He gives some attention to stock groAving ancl has always taken an active part in agricultural matters. Mr. Rhodes has held a member ship in the Stark county Agricultural Society since coming of age, and is considered one of the most popular of the younger farmers of this county. Mrs. Byrne Riley, whose husband died in Ireland while on a visit, in March 27, 1886, is now a resident of Lincoln, Neb. Mr. Riley settled at Peoria in 1840, Avas a large landholder in this state and OAvner of ten acres at Wyoming. Anthony Robinson, an old settler of Wyoming, died May 2, 1886, aged sixty-one years. George Rockwell, of Toulon, Avhile jumping off the cars at Platts- mouth, Neb., in January, 1882, fell under the Avheels ancl was killed. James Morris Rogers, born in Mamaroneck, New York state, April 17, 1824, is the son of Benjamin W. and Hannah (AXeland) Rogers, and grandson of Benjamin W., also a native of that state, who served in the Avar of 1812-15. The Vreeland's Avere one of the Knickerbocker families. In 1837, his father moA'ed to Illinois, settled tAvehe miles west of Peoria, near Kickapoo town, where he died in 1846, leaving a widoAV, one son and three daughters. Here James greAv to manhood, and received a practical education. In 1851, he came to Stark county, purchased land in Valley township and improved two farms. He has given considerable attention to fine stock-growing, ancl it is said that his Chester white hogs and short horns have carried off many good premiums. In 1 874, he retired from farm life, ancl locating at Wyoming, carried on a large hardware trade there until 1878, when he retired from business. From 1854 to 1870 he Avas justice of the peace in Valley toAvnship, meantime served on the school board and as supervisor, rejiresented the toAvnship on the county board as related in the sketches of Ar alley and Essex townships. In 18S2, he Avas elected police magis trate of Wyoming, a position he has since filled A'ery acceptably. He was married in Peoria county early in 1847, to Miss Harriet Beall, daughter of Asa Beall, a native of Kentucky. They have an adopted son, Henry J., a farmer here and iioav the head of a family. During Avar times Mr. Rogers served actively in collecting funds for the aid of the soldiers, and in other local measures for the defense of the Union. A reference to the sketches of the Stark county Agricultural Society, ancl of the Central Agricultural Society Avill point out at once, the jiarts he has taken in building each organization up. He is also a member of the Blue Lodge, chapter and council at Wyoming ; while Mrs. Rogers is a member of Easter Star. Himself and lady haA'e been members of • the Methodist Episcopal church for many years. Frank Rosseter, formerly principal of the Toulon schools, and more recently a lawyer of Kewanee, moved to Chicago in March, 1886. William R\ Sandham, came to Illinois from Herkimer county, N. Y., in MarCh, 1867, taught school in Henry county several terms, and came to Stark county in September, 1871, to take charge of the Brad- - 390 • BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES ford schools. In 1873 he was chosen principal of the South Side school at Wyoming, Avhich position he held until the end of the spring term in 1879. During the last named year he purchased and assumed the editorship of the Wyoming Post. In November 1882 he was elected County Superintendent of schools, ancl reelected to that office in Nov ember, 1886. He Avas educated in the common schools of the state of NeAV York and at Fairfield Seminary, one of the leading institutions of learning in that state, located at Fairfield, Herkimer county. In Aug- gust 1873, he applied for ancl receh'ecl a state certificate, which entitles him to teach in any school district in Illinois. In the year 1885 he Avas appointed a member of the State Board of Education by Governor Richard J. Oglesby, in recognition of his thorough practical knoAA'ledge and ability in school affairs. He was married at Atkinson, 111., July 16, 1871, to Miss Rhoda S. Tuttle, a native of New Haven county. Conn., then a resident of AnnaAvan, 111. The}' had but one child,' a son named Arthur, born December 13, 1874, who died Ma}' 15, 188|^ A reference to the sketches of Wyoming ancl Bradford schools to the chapter on the press ancl to the political history will point out very definitely the important parts taken by Mr. Sandham in the latter- day progress of the county. Peter Sanner, born in the Grand Duchy of Nassau, Germany, Aug ust 28, 1844, came Avith his parents to the United States in 1851, and settled with them in Wisconsin, locating for a short time at Mihvau- kee, but subsequently settled at Janesville. In the last named toAvn the youth greAV to manhood, learned the harness-maker's trade there, ancl became, so to speak, an American of Americans. In 1861 he en listed in Company A. Fortieth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, ancl after two years' active service Avith that command was honorably discharged. In 1870 he came to Wyoming, and worked steadily at his trade here until 1886, when be leased the Truax House. In 1881 he Avas married at Wyoming, to Miss Bertha E. Dalrymple. They are the parents of three children; Laura E., Rosa M. and John P. Like her husband, she gives much attention to the hotel, so that the house is considered one of the best conducted hostelries to be found outside the large cities of the state. Winfield Scott, son of John and Minerva (Hubbell) Scott, Avas born at Sidney, Shelby county, Ohio, September 13, 1827. In October, 1836, he came Avith his mother, Mrs. John Leidley, to Tazewell county, 111., Avhere he received a common school education. In 1844 he entered on the work of carving out his course through life in this State, ancl trav eled in search of something permanent until 1854, when he moved from Adams county, 111. to Stark county, and juirchased an 80 acre tract on section 29, Penn township, which he improved. Since that time he ex tended his land holdings considerably, ancl has become one of the first growers of fine stock in Illinois. Mr. Scott Avas married in Adams county to Nancy Ann Haines, a native of AXginia, Their children are George E., a farmer and stock-raiser of Penn toAvnship, John E., of the same township; William A., associated Avith his father in the Wyom ing meat market, is also associated Avith him in fine stock-groAving and in the shipment of all kinds of stock ; ( narlie F., stock-groAver of Ad- OF TOULON TOAVNSHIP. 391 air county, Mo.; Emma M., wife of George Mathewson, of Mayhew, Wis.; Frank W., fanner of Penn toAvnship ; Adeline A., wife of Frank Davis, of Wyoming. Mr. Scott Avas always an active member of the county Agricultural Society, and one of the most prominent builders- up of the Central Agricultural Society, as related in the chajiter on county societies. Mrs. Scott is a member of the Methodist Protestant church. Fie is a supporter of all Christian denominations, is a mem ber of the R. A. chapter, an excellent neighbor and undoubtedly one of the leading spirits among the enterprising men who made Wy oming what it is, and continue to push it forward toAvard its destined place among the large toAvns of Illinois. George W. Scott, banker of Wyoming, was born July 21, 1832, at Fredonia, Chautauqua county, N. Y. His jDarents Avere Ephraim Scott, Jr., and Lydia Sherman, both natives of Ware, Mass., the former of Scotch and the latter of English origin. This Ejihraim Avas a son of Qaptain Ephraim Scott, a soldier of 1812, who commanded a comjiany at Buffalo, when that jiost was burned. Miss Sherman's mother was a daughter of Reuben Sherman, a soldier of the Revolution, ancl a cousin of Roger Sherman, one of the signers of the Declaration of Indepen dence. There are noAV in possession of George W. Scott two commis sions, — ensign in 1802, ancl captain in 1806 — issued to his grandfather by Caleb Strong, Governor of Massachusetts. The original owner of these old parchments died in 1838, but without exjiosing the family to hardships, for although a soldier in manner and spirit, looked Avell to the future of his family. George W. Scott was educated at Millbury Academy, Mass. In 1853 he settled in Peoria county, 111., purchased lands there and engaged in agriculture. Ten years later he moved to Wyoming ancl entered at once on a most successful mercantile career, continuing in trade for seA'en years. In 1870 he established the bank ing house of Scott & Wrigley, ancl by that close attention and most careful management, Avhich have marked the projectors and projirie- tors, it is noAv classed among the leading banking houses of the north- Avest. Mr. Scott's marriage Avith Miss Mary C. Cox, a native of Ohio, was. celebrated December 23, 1858. Of their five children, they have lost two, while three daughters are living. His thoughtfulness ancl liberality are exemplified in the educational opportunities and advan tages he has placed at the disposal of these children. Nor do these virtues cease here, for his interest in educational matters extends to the whole system and to the whole community. A reference to the school history of Wyoming and adjoining toAvnships jioints out his services on the board of education for 13 years, Avhile other j>ages deal definitely Avith his public and business career in this county. He has taken a full part in making Wyoming Avhat it is today, and continuing the good work does not permit the failure of any enterprise which promises or gives public benefit. Mawtin Shallenberger, born in Fayette County, Pa., December 3, 1825, received a common school education in that county, ancl resided there until April, 1838, Avhen the family moved to Illinois. Mr. Shal lenberger is of a SaaIss family, from the Canton Uri, one of the origi nal cantons that Avon independence from the Austrians in 1307. 392 BIOGRAPHY' AND REMINISCENCES The record of this family goes back to that date, Avhen it first ajipears in the history of Switzerland. The name takes its rise from the orig inal home of the race, the Schallenberg, a noted mountain in Uri, which in ancient times Avas the rallying, or mustering place for the first cantons in times of invasion or public danger. It means in English. the " Echoing Mountain." When surnames came in vogue in the eleventh century, the chief dAveller on that mountain was called the Shallenberger. The family first settled in Lancaster County, Pa., but afterwards removed to Fayette County, Avhere the subject of the pres ent sketch was born, as above stated. On coming to Illinois with his parents, he assisted them in making a home in the northern part of Fulton County, and remained with them until 1843, Avhen he Avas sent to the "Peoria Academy," kept by Da\'id Page. Early in 1846, he entered the office of AndreAv Peters, then one of the leaders of the Old Bar of Illinois, a year later Avas examined by the late Isaac N. Arnold and Patrick Ballingall, examiners appointed by the court, Avas admitted an attorney-at-law by Judges Caton and Treat, and the same year took up his residence at Toulon, opened the third law office es tablished in Stark county, and for forty years has practiced in the courts of this county and circuit. His marriage with Miss Eliza J., daughter of the pioneer Dr. Thomas Hall, took place June 25, 1849. This lady Avas born m England in 1830, and came with her parents to Osceola Grove in 1837, as related in the history of the Hall family. To her the people are indebted for the work entitled, " Stark County and Her Pioneers," noticed in the chajiter on journalists and authors, and the literary circles of Toulon for many Avell jirejiared essays. With a feAv members of her family she resides on the old Shallenber ger homestead in Fulton County. Of the children, the tAvo younger ones, Herman and Percy are on the farm in Fulton County. Tlie eldest daughter, Matilda, keeps house for her father at Toulon. The rest are in Nebraska. Thomas M., originally a laAvyer, is noAv a banker at Bradshaw, Neb. Eugene is jwstmaster there ; Anslen P. is a lawyer at Hastings, Neb.; Ashton C. is postmaster and dry goods merchant at Osceola, and Pauline is the wife, of J. M. Ragan, the leading laAvyer of Avestern Nebraska, residing at Hastings, the senior member of the firm of Ragan, McDonald & Shallenberger. Mr. Shallenberger has held office but once. He Avas a member of the legislature of Illinois, in the winter of 1856-57, from the district composed of Peoria and Stark, John T. Lindsay, now of Nebraska, being his coadjutor. This legislature con tained many able men Avell knoAvn in Illinois history : John A. Logan, Isaac N. Arnold, William C. Goudy, William R. Morrison, Shelby M. Cullom, C. B. Denis, Silas Bryan, Samuel W. Moulton, and many oth ers of like character. It goes Avith out saying that Mr. Shallenberger held his own among them. Mr. Shallenberger is often styled " The animated encyclopedia," on account of his vast fund of general knowl edge. He has painted more than 200 pictures, many of them <*f rare excellence, ancl all good. Since 1847 Mr. Shallenberger has been prom inent in laAv circles. Although two lawyers had settled at Toulon be fore his coming, they did not stay long enongh to share the honors of jiioneershij), so that to him is generally accorded the credit of being the OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 393 pioneer attorney, the last of the Old Bar in the count}', and one of the feiv members of that great old circle still residing in the milit ary tract. Hopkins Shivvers, son of James ancl Mary (Cowger) Shivvers, AA'as born twelve miles south of Hillsboro, Highland county, 0., June 15, 1817. His father was a native of Pennsylvania, and his mother of Kentucky. In 1822 the family moved to Washington, Fayette county, 0., Avhere his father died in 1850, and where the subject of this sketch acquired a common education ancl engaged in farming. In 1836 he mar ried Miss Isabella, daughter of Jacob and Druzilla (Harrison) Jameson, a near cousin of President Harrison. To them were born ten children, of Avhom seven are living, namely: James, at Washington, Ia. ; Mrs. Druzilla Trickle, Atkinson, 111. ; Mrs. Sarah Q. AVing, of NeAvton, Kan.; J. Randolph, farmer of Scandia, Kan.; Mrs. Belle Balchvin of Goshen township, 111. ; Charles H., merchant of Scanclia, Kan. , and Davis L., of PaAvnee City, Neb. They are all married, ancl Avith the exception of Davis, are all the heads of families, the grandchildren noAv numbering fourteen. One of his sons servred in the War for the Union, as recorded in the military chajiter. In 1853 Mr. Shivvers came to Stark county, purchasing 196 acres on sections 5 and 6, Essex toAvnship, Avhere he noAv oaviis 232 acres. At one time he Avas owner of 1,000 acres in this county. He has seiwed as supervisor of Essex toAvnship several times ; has been school director for thirty years ; Avas one of the original mem bers of the County Agricultural Society, of the Old Settlers' Associa tion, and representathe of the Farmers' Aid Society at Sjiringfield. For over half a century he has been in full communion Avith the Meth odist Episcojial church, so Avas his first Avife, who died February 22, 1882, a member from her girlhood. Mr. Hojrkins ancl Davis Lowman Avere the original introducers of "Short-horns" into this county. Up to 1876, when he retired from agriculture, he was one of the most enterprising farmers of Stark county. Mrs. Isabella Shivvers, born in Pickaway county, O., in 1816, died near Toulon, February 22, 1882. She married Hopkins Shivvers in 1836, ancl in 1853 moved to Toulon. Mrs. Lydia A. (Strong) Shivvers, born September 27, 1824, in Penn sylvania, came to Illinois in 1842, married Ansel Fuller, of Osceola in 1844. He died in 1863. In 1882 she married Hopkin Shivvers, of Toulon. She died November 16, 1884, and on June 16, 1885, he mar ried Mrs. Lucinda Wright. William, U. Sickles, junior member of the firm of Carlin & Sickles, Avas born Sejitember 24, 1861, in Afarshall county, 111. His parents, William and Abigail (Freeman) Sickles, nath^es of NeAV York state, were early settlers of Marshall county. William Sickles, Jr., came to Wyoming in 1873, engaged as mercantile clerk, and subse quently became a traveling salesman. In 1877 he came to Toulon, ancl on June 15, 1884, joined Mr. Carlin in the manufacture of cigars. Like his partner, he embraced all the joys of matrimony by uniting himself in marriage Avith Miss Nettie, daughter of Charles Rhodes, to whom one daughter, Gertrude Ethel, has been born. Mr. Sickles possesses many qualities AA'hich carry with them success, and in business circles at Toulon and Wyoming he holds a high reputation. 394 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Levi Silliman, son of Minott and Henrietta (Bathan) Silliman, Avas born in Goshen township, Stark county, September 17, 1842. His father, the pioneer county treasurer of Stark, is noticed in the pages of the general and local history. His mother was a native of Ireland and a pioneer of Stark county. Up to 1862 Levi Silliman was engaged in agriculture, having for fifteen years devoted himself to agriculture and education. On August 13, 1862, he enlisted in Company F, One- hundred-and- tAvelfth Illinois Infantry, Avas Avounded at Resaca, Ga., but served to the close of the war, when he resumed farming, and engaged in school teaching winters. In 1876 he established himself in the grain trade. In 1877 joined Mr. Oliver in this business, and. also purchased a lumber yard and carried it on individually. In 1885 he jiurchased H. H. Oliver's and Charles Myers' interests in the grain trade and Avare- house at Toulon, ancl now is sole owner of the tAvo elevators at this point. Apart from this he owns a fertile farm on section eight, Essex township ; is interested in the building trade ; is school treasurer of the toAvnship; an active temperance worker, and representative to the Masonic Grand Lodge of Illinois. Mr. Silliman married Miss Mary E., daughter of Robert and Ellen (Tuttle) McKeighan. They are the parents of three children, viz : Minott, Henrietta and an infant. A reference to the history of Toulon and to the military chapter of the general history Avill point out more clearly the social, military and business enterprises in which he has been engaged. ( Vide Goshen History) Perry Hazzard Smith, third son of Greenleaf and Lettice L. (Sparr) Smith, was born in Essex township, November 8, 1831, being the first male child born in Stark county, within the American pioneer period. His father was born in Maine, Avho in very early years moved Avith his father, Benjamin Smith, to Ohio, and thence to Putnam county, Illinois, in August, 1829, being among the very early settlers. Benja min died here. His son, Greenleaf, father of Perry H., died here on July 12, 1848, followed about 1862 or 1863 to the grave by the mother of our subject, leaving three sons and three daughters, one having pre ceded her a few years. Perry H. Smith Avas educated in the district schools, labored on his father's farm for years, learned the carpenter's trade, and from 1850 to July, 1885, Avas identified with that trade here. He was married to Miss Barbara E., daughter of John Emery. This lady, referred to in sketch of Eastern Star chapter, died on April 21, 1882, leaving one son and one daughter, Charles A. and Linnetta, the Avife of Thurman 11. Francis, of Wyoming. On May 8, 1884, he married Mrs. Anna D. Ewers, nee Hochstrasser. She has four chil dren : Ira, Murray R., Artie and Clark C. Mr. Smith is Republican in politics, but not an office-seeker. He has served earnestly on the school board and in the council. He may be named as the senior old settler ancl member of that association, as Avell as one of the oldest members of the Masonic circle in this count}'. His wife and daughter are members of the Eastern Star chajiter. John W. Smith, son of Joseph and Rebecca (Parsons) Smith, was born near Wheeling, W. Va,, January 25, 1846. His father, a native of Chillieothe, O., was one of the old river steamboat men. His op toulon township. 395 mother Avas a native of AXginia. In 1849 the family moved to Illi nois, ancl locating on a farm in Marshall county, Avas engaged in agri culture there for sixteen years. In 1865 they moved to Valley toAvn- ship, Stark county, and in 1868 to Harvey county, Kan., Avhere the father died in October, 1884, leaving a Avife and eight children. John W. received his early training in Marshall county. Here he Avas en gaged in agriculture from 1865 to 1868, Avhen he entered the lumber business, Avhich he carried on for fourteen years. He Avas married in Peoria county, in 1866, to Miss Clarinda, daughter of Daniel and Se rena (O'Neil) Peppers, natives of Ohio, but old settlers of Illinois. He has always taken part in political matters, has served as supervisor of Toulon for tAvo terms, was elected member of the council of Wy oming several times, ancl is noAv the jiresident of that body. He Avas an acth'e Avorker in the establishment of the Central Agricultural So ciety, is a supporter, but not a member, of the Protestant Episcopal church of Wyoming, and altogether a citizen Avho, laboring Avisely for. himself, is ever ready to exercise the same judicious round of labor in the interest of the community of Avhom he is one. John Smith, born at NeAV Berlin, Pa., in 1805, came to Pekin, 111., in 1848, published the Mirror and Whig until 1856, when he moved to Toulon, and with Judge HeAvitt projected the pioneer journal of this county, the Prairie Advocate. In 1860 he returned to Pekin, in 1862 he moved to Hennejiin, ancl in 1863 to Princeton, Avhere he died July 23, 1880. Mrs. Barbara {Emery) Smith, born in Richland county, O., in 1830, died Ajiril 21, 1883. She moved to AVyoming from Galva Avith her husband, Perry H. Smith, in 1866. Mrs. Phabe H. Smith died at Modena, June 29, 1881, Avhere she settled Avith her husband in 1832. Whitney Smith son of Jonathan Smith, Avho came from Connecticut to Luzerne county, Pa., Avhile yet the Shawnee Indians inhabited the region, was born at AVilkesbarre, Pa., July 14, 1804. He came to Spoon river about 1834, Avith his Avife, a daughter of General Thomas, and established a general store at Wyoming. It is said that he had several copies of a plat of Wyoming printed, shoAving docks along Spoon river, a steamboat, negroes unloading cotton, warehouses, etc., etc. It is further alleged that this very much overdrawn picture of the set tlement Avas distributed throughout the eastern towns and cities, and Avon for its author a A^ery unenviable notoriety. He moved to Galena, 111., in later years, Avhere he died. Isaac B. Spilman, a son of one of the old settlers of Stark county, Avho went to "Egypt" years ago, Avas elected state's attorney for Franklin county, 111, in 1884. Nathan Snare Avas born in Huntingdon county Pa., on February 3, 1826; is the son of John P. and Esther (Baker) Snare, the former a native of Virginia, the latter of Pennsylvania, being one of the old Quaker families, born near Philadelphia. The ancestors of John P. Snare Avere from Germany, coming to this country at an early day, the father of John P. serving as a teamster in the War of' 1812. Esther Baker also had one brother, Joseph Baker, Avho Avas a captain in 396 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES the same war. John P. Snare removed to Pennsylvania while he was yet a boy and engaged in farming. He was married June 8, 1820, to Miss Esther Baker, by whom he had a family of seven children, four of AA'hom still live, namely, Nancy, AvidoAV of Alexander Kissenger, re siding in Penn township, this county ; Nathan Snare, of Toulon town ship ; James and John are married, both residing in Penn township, this county. The mother of this family died in 1840. Mr. Snare re married in 1844 to Mrs. Nancy Gharrett (Kurfman), by whom he had a family of six children, four of whom still live — Cyrus C, married, living in Minnesota; Khesa S., married, living in Penn township, this county; EdAvin, married, living in Valley township, this county; Albert, married, living in Nebraska. John P. Snare removed to Illinois in 1847 ancl settled in Penn township, where he purchased four hundred acres of land and engaged in farming; he remained so en gaged until his death, Avhich occurred in 1872, his widow, Mrs. Nancy Snare, still residing there. In political matters he was in early days a Avhig, but when the republican party was organized he embraced that platform ancl remained a thorough-going member of that party until his death. He was at his death a member of the M. P. church, with Avhich he died in full communion. Nathan Snare passed his younger years on the farm and attending common school. In the year 1846 he removed to Illinois, locating in Penn township and engaged in farm ing. In 1850 he married Miss Lydia A. Davidson, daughter of Chal dron and Abbey (Stark) Davidson, both natives of Luzerne county, Pa. To this marriage three children were born, one of whom still lives, namely, Lily, now residing with .her husband in Kansas. Mrs. Lydia Snare died in 1865, ancl he Avas remarried in 1866 to Miss Isabella H. Williamson, daughter of Samuel ancl Mary (Cook) Williamson, both natives of Pennsylvania. To this marriage eight children were born, namely, Hattie, now living in Kansas ; Charles J., John R., Ernest M., Laura B., Walter D., Albert E., and Edith. The subject of our sketch AA'as engaged in farming in this county until 1867, when he removed to Missouri, remaining there for seven years engaged in farming. In 1874 he returned to Illinois and purchased land in Toulon toAvnship on section 12, where he now resides. In conection with his farm interests he also has several coal mines on his land. In politics he Avas an early- day abolitionist, and Avhen the republican party Avas formed he ac cepted their platform, but of late years has- rather affiliated with the greenback party. He is not a member of any church, but lends his support to the M. P. church. He was a member of the Union League and was a staunch supporter of all things pertaining to the benefit of his county. Perry Stancliff, farmer, stock raiser and horticulturalist, Wyoming, Avas born in Athens county, Ohio, January 21, 1822, the son of David and Amy (Miles) Stancliff, the former of whom was born in Canada near Niagara Falls. He was the son of Stambaugh B. Stancliff, a native of NeAV York state, whose father was a native of Germany. Stambaugh B. Stancliff did action and honorable service in the War of the Revolution, from which he carried AVounds to his grave, but for which he felt himself too patriotic a citizen to ask for or to receive OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 397 indemnity. He moved into Canada (in consequence of business inter ests) some time after the Avar, but upon the outbreak of the difficulties which caused the War of 1812, he chose to abandon his interests there, and selected for himself a home in Ohio. He reared a family of twelve children — seven sons and five daughters — Avhose character istics (that of large-sized and tall peojile) folloAv the Stancliff family. David Stancliff, his son, learned the shoemaker's trade and followed it for many years, but he finally retired from it and died on his farm in Ross county, Ohio. He, lite his father, had a family of tAvelve children, eleven of whom greAV to manhood — six sons and five daugh ters. Perry, the eldest of the family, learned the mason trade in Ohio, and folloAved it there for a few years. In 1844 he came to Illi nois, and in the same year purchased the present jtrojierty ( " Sunny- side Farm") which he has improved and developed to its present handsome condition. He married here in 1848 Miss Martha C. Davis, daughter of Daniel and Rachael (Ennis) Davis, both deceased. The former Avas a native of NeAV York state and the latter of Virginia. Mr. and Mrs. Stancliff haA-e reared eight sons ancl t\vo daughters, all of whom haATe grown to manhood and womanhood, ancl have taken a leading part in the interests of their different localities. Daniel, W. is a worthy farmer of Valley township, and has one daughter. William is a successful farmer and stock raiser, .of Saline county, Neb., ancl has four daughters. George is in the agricultural implement business in Valley county, Neb., and has one son. Stephen Miles is in the ice business in Fairfield, IoAva, and has one daughter. James is in the transfer business in Wyoming, and has a son and daughter. David is located at Fairfield, Iowa. Mary is the Avife of Alfred Neeley, of Peoria. Emma, Herman ancl Albert are still under the parental roof, and help to cheer the fireside and enhance the comforts of their worthy parents. Mr. Stancliff has ahvays been a liberal contributor to measures attending the advancement of the jtublic good of his locality, and in his time here has done an important jiart. He has ahvays held aloof from the snares of public office but has ahvays carried his share of the "load of office" on the school board ancl in township offices. Patrick Sulli-van, born in Rosscarberry Parish, Cork county, Ire land, March 14, 1836, is the son of Cornelius and Catherine (lioAvell) Sullivan, natives of that parish. The father was a linen-Aveaver by trade and manufactured largely. He came to the United States in 1852, settled at Grand Rapids, Mich., and iiiA'ested in city projierty- He died in that city in 1880, in his ninety -second year, leaving a widow, three sons, and one daughter, namely : James A., steamboat man ancl a bachelor ; Patrick, of this county ; John, a brickmason and con tractor, and Mary, Avife of Geo. H. Soule, a merchant of Grand Rapids. Patrick Sullivan passed his boyhood days in his natnre country. Upon coining to the United States, he Avas apprenticed to the moulder's trade at Grand Rapids, but after four years turned his attention to tinsmi th ing at Peoria, 111., where he sensed an apprenticeship. He then en gaged in the hardware trade at Princeville, Avhere he was successful. In 1876 he came to Stark county, and carried on business at Castle ton until he opened his large store at Wyoming. Mr. Sullivan 398 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Avas married at Peoria to Miss Hannah Hanlon, a native of that county, daughter of Patrick Hanlon, of Limerick county, Ireland, but an old resident of Kickapoo, 111. They are the parents of five sons ancl three daughters, namely : John, Mary, James, William, Edward, Robert, Ellen, and Kate. The family are members of St. Joseph's Cathplic church. Charles M. Swank, son of Reuben and Martha A. (Ileaton) Swank, Avas born in West Jersey, Stark county, February 23, 1856. His father, a Pennsylvanian, and mother, a native of NeAV Jersey, came here about 1853 Avhile yet this noAv beautiful township Avas a Avilderness, and, as related in the history, took a full part in building it up to its present prosperous condition. Their children are Flora B., now Mrs. W. H. Johnson, of West Jersey ; Clyde W., student at Knox college ; Eva G., a girl of eleven summers, deceased, and Charles M., of Toulon. The latter received a practical agricultural and common-school educa tion, completed studies at Hedding college, Abingdon, 111., and in 1876 entered mercantile life at West Jersey, continuing in trade there until March, 1883, Avhen he established his house at Toulon. On June 20, this year, he married Miss Cora B., daughter of Charles and Lucinda Emery Potter, of Toulon. They have one boy, Glenn R. Both are members of the Congregational church, and each holds a high jdace in the estimation of the people. Andrew Swartz, who settled near Toulon in 1837, died April 22, 1884. Sylvester Sweet died at Toulon, February 8, 1883,. He Avas born in Rensselaer county, N. Y., in 1795; served through the War of 1812; married Mary Adkins in 1818 (this lady died in 1825). In 1828 he married Cynthia Strong, ancl with his family settled near Saxon in 1841. In 1848 he was living three miles north av est of Toulon, Avhere his second Avife died in 1875. In 1877 he married Catherine Rounds, who survives him. Mrs. Wm. Sweet, who died in Toulon June 16, 1886, added another name to the long list of Stark county jiioneers Avho have crossed over the river. Mrs. SAveet's maiden name was Jane Pearson; she Avas born in OsAvego county, NeAV York, in 1826, and came Avith her parents to Peoria county in 1836. She AA'as brought uj) in the Universalist faith, her father ancl grandfather both being ministers in that denomination. After the death of her father, she came to Stark county in 1844, ancl made her home with a family by the name of BoAven. In 1848 she Avas married to William SAveet. She Avas the mother of three children, two of whom, a son ancl a daughter survive her and are living in this vicinity. Bushrod Tapp, whose name occurs so often in the pages of the general history and of this toAvnship, is one of the old residents of this county. Charles Madison Teeter, the fourth and youngest of the family of John ancl Sarah (Van Brunt) Teeter, the latter a descendant in line from a NeAV Amsterdam family in Avhich Anneke Jans Bogardus was principal, Avas born near Florida, N. Y., June 30, 1817, where his parents occujiied a farm. The beginning of the family was marked in OF TOULON TOAVNSHIP. 399 Orange county, by the settling of John Teeter, grandfather of Chas. M., Avho arrived from BrunsAvick during the Revolutionary war. Charles Madison received a thorough, practical education, and entered mercantile life as clerk on the corner of Front and Fulton streets in NeAV York City. After three years' active service, OAving to failing health, he resigned his position as book-keejier and took up the em ployment of instructor, both public and private. At this he continued for a number of years, ancl while at Chester, NeAV Jersey, he became acquainted Avith ancl married, March 7, 1843, Miss Julia Horton Stout, who Avas born December 25, 1820, being a daughter of Thomas B. ancl Deborah (Terry) Stout, the former a descendant of the union of Rich ard Stout (England) and Penelope Van Princis (Amsterdam) in Ncav Amsterdam about the year 1624. Discontented with the business of teaching, he at length accepted the situation of Station Agent at As- bury, N. J., where he remained until October, 1 854, Avhen, sjiirited by the glowing accounts of the great west, he, together with his wife and tAvo sons, namely : John H., afterward a soldier in the Forty- seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, who sickened and died March 31, 1865 at Camp Butler, and Elias S. came to Illinois ancl settled at Henry, Marshall county. During the three years' sojourn at this place his family was increased by the births of a daughter, Maggie A. ancl Charles W., the third son. Having finally decided upon agricultural pursuits he removed his family to the " Teeter " farm at Bradford, Stark county, Avhich he occupied until November, 1874, Avhen he again changed his residence and located at Wyoming. His career through out was marked as one of industry and integrity, of irreproachable character and Avidespread influence. Finally, surrounded by his family and worldly comforts, he fell suddenly sick ancl departed this life June 13, 1883. A reference to the official and religious history of the town ships shows the part taken by him in jrablic affairs during his residence in this county. Elias Stout Teeter, second son of Charles Madison and Julia H. (Stout) Teeter was born at Chester, Morris county, N. J., Oct. 20, 1847. Early in youth he accompanied his parents to Illinois where the family located at Henry, Marshall county, in October, 1854, and resided there until 1858, Avhen they moved to Osceola toAvnshiji, Stark county, and en gaged in farming until 1874. In this year Mr. Teeter retired from agriculture, took up his residence at Wyoming, ancl made that toAvn his home until his death in 1883. Elias S. spent boyhood's years on the farm, and attending school in Osceola toAvnship until 1869, Avhen he moved to Iowa, and embarked in mercantile life. In July, 1872, he sold his IoAva interests and returning to Stark county in August, purchased a partnership Avith O. G. Smith. In March, 1873, Dr. J. G. Green purchased the Smith interest, Avhich in 1876 Avas bought out by C. W. Teeter, the firm being knoAvn since as Teeter Brothers. Their large house at Toulon Avas not established until February, 1885, although Elias Teeter had an interest in Chas. Wright's drug store from 1878 to 1881. He married in Osceola toAvnship Miss Emma M., daughter of J. M. Huffman, a native of NXv York State. Their chil dren are John R. and Mariam J., both iioav attending school. Mr. T. 400 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Avas one of the original stock-holders ancl directors of the First National Bank, one of the original members and stock-holders of the Central Agricultural Society, has been a member of the Illinois Phar maceutical Society, also holding a certificate since the passage of the Pharmacy Act, a member of the I. O. O. F., and one of the aldermen in the toAvn council. He AA'as appointed notary jiublic in 1886. In the history of Wyoming and of Osceola township references are made to this family. The foregoing record jioints out clearly their place in the industrial history of this county. Isaac Thomas, a resident of Stark county since 1814, is a native of the Green Mountain State. He is a son of David ancl Hannah (DAvyer) Thomas, and dates his birth in Berkshire, Franklin county, Vermont, January 22, 1809. His father was of Welsh and his mother of Scotch- Irish decent. David Thomas Avas a blacksmith by trade, born in East Haddam, Conn., May 27, 1783 ; served as captain of militia in Vermont about the year 1813. Moved Avith his family to Kingston, LaAvrence county, Pa., AA'hen Isaac Avas about 13 years old, the latter finishing his education at the Kingston Academy. When 17 years of age, our sub ject was engaged by his uncle, General Samuel Thomas, who Avas a contractor on the Pennsylvania canal, and Avith whom he remained about two years, sujierintending the men at Avork. Subsequently re turned to Mahoojiany and engaged in the mercantile and lumber bus iness. Served there as post-master under President Van Buren. In the year 1844 moved Avith his family to Wyoming, 111.; engaged for a short time in farming, also served here as post-master under Polk, Tay lor and Fillmore. During his residence in this county, has served as a justice and police magistrate 35 years, and still holds the office of J. P. Has been a member of the M. E. church from early manhood, Avas iden tified Avith the Democrat party until the firing upon Fort Sumter, after which he became a Republican, and Avas active in getting up san itary supplies in Avar time. James 2Lonroe Thomas, son of General Samuel ancl Marcia (Petti- bone) Thomas, Avas born near Kingston. in the Wyoming Valley, Pa,, October 1, 1822. There his mother's two uncles were murdered by the British and Indians during the massacre of July 3, 1778. ThePet- tibones, hoAvever, Avere not driven away for ever, as throughout Luz erne ancl adjoining counties, they are found today, as in the past, both in the trades ancl professions, ancl as ready to defend the country as Avere their fathers of the ReA'olution. James M. Thomas came here in 1834 Avith his father. At an early age he acquired a taste for mechan ics, and here engaged in mill-building, designing invplements, and did construct the first threshing machine in Stark county, as Avell as the first thresher and separator in this or Peoria county. He continues to devote attention to mechanics, having built some of the finest buildings in the county. He Avas appointed master of Wyoming post-office, June 30, 1853. by James Campbell, Postmaster-General, under the adminis tration of President Pierce, and on July 28, 1885, he Avas recommis- sioned by A. E. Stephenson, acting Postmaster General, under the ad ministration of President Cleveland. In' early years he was married at Peoria, 111., to Miss Ellen, daughter of Squire Isaac White, a native of OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 401 Pennsylvania, born at Loudon, Franklin county, in that State. Their children are Frank, a genial and clever member of the Stark county bar, residing at Wyoming ; Payne P., a farmer on the old homestead in Essex tOAvnship ; Samuel, a mechanic, and James M., a student of the University of Michigan, and Isaac, avIio died at AVyoming, 111., De cember 5, 1865, Avhen eight years of age. Both Airs, ancl Mr. Thomas attend the Methodist church, although the former had been a ineinber of the Presbyterian faith up to December 5, 1847, at that elate Mrs. Thomas united with the M. E. church, Avhile the latter has been con nected with the Methodist faith since his nineteenth year. General Samuel Thomas Avas the nominator of AndreAv Jackson for President in 1832, so his son has been equally attached to the old Democratic party. James M. Avas one of the original members of the Stark county Agricultural Society. In 1877 he took an active part in organizing the Central Agricultural Society ; has always been a member of the State Agricultural Society ancl an official of that body, also of the Stark county Old Settlers' Association, ancl of other local organizations established for public benefit, William F. Thomas came from Wyoming Valley, Penn , Avith his father, Gen. Thomas, in 1834. In 1850, he Avas sheriff and ex officio collector, Avas one of the aiders of the American Central railroad, ancl in every sense one of the most useful citizens of the county; died in May, 1875. Frank Thomas, son of James M. Thomas, Avas born here Septem ber 17, 1848. He received the rudiments of his education in the Wy oming schools, then attended for two years the Clark seminary at Aurora, and subsequently passed one vear at the NortliAvestern uni versity, Evanston, 111., ancl taught school for three terms. In his nineteenth year he attended school at Ann Arbor, Mich., then he affiliated Avith the state university, following took a literary and scien tific special course in the university, and took up the study of law there under the preceptorshiji of Hon. T. M. Cooley, L.L. D. He graduated from the university in 1871, ancl, returning to Illinois, was admitted an attorn ey-at-laAv of the state. He married Miss Anna AValsh, of Ann Arbor, Mich., ancl to them tAvo children Avere born. This lady died June 3, 1876, and some years later he married Miss Julia, daughter of Dr. AV. II. Hoover. A reference to the pages de voted to the laAV ancl political chapters of the General History and to the history of Wyoming will point out very clearly the part Mr. Thomas has taken in the jiolitical, legal and social life of the county. Samuel Thomas, born in Connecticut, February 2, 1787, settled in Wyoming Yalley, Pa., in 1806, ancl on May 10, 1807, married Miss Marcia Pettebone, a native of Kingston, Pa., daughter of Oliver Pette- bone. On the breaking out of the War of 1812, he Avas captain of a comjiany of volunteer artillery composed of one hundred young men, none of whom Avere over tAventy-five years of age. Their services Avere tendered to the government, ancl accepted, and the company AA'as ordered to Erie, Pa., where the fleet of vessels were building for the use of Captain (after ward Commodore) Perry. On reaching Erie, Captain Thomas Avas jiut in command of the jiost, ancl a block-house 34 402 1JIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES and breastAVorks built ancl cannon planted thereon to protect the building fleet, Avhile on the stocks, as the British fleet Avere- then cruis ing on Lake Erie with the avowed intention of burning our vessels be fore their completion. Several efforts Avere made by the British to burn our fleet during the time the boats were building, but were driven off by our artillery. After the battle upon Lake Erie, Captain Thomas Avas ordered out into Canada to join the Northwestern army under the command of General William II. Harrison. After the bat tle of the Thames at that place with the British and Indians in Avhich the celebrated Indian chief "Tecumseh" Avas killed, Captain Thomas Avas ordered over to Detroit, which Avas then held by British and hostile Indians. Our forces drove out the hostile English and held Detroit until ordered back into Ohio near the mouth of the Maumee river, ancl thence to Pittsburgh and to Wyoming Valley, Pa. Soon after jieace Avas declared, Captain Samuel Thomas was made brigade inspector of the Northeast Division of the Pennsylvania militia. This position he held until commissioned as brigadier general in 1828, Avhich position he held until moving to Illinois in 1834. He AA'as a member of the legislature of Pennsylvania tAvo terms, Avas a leading Methodist from an early day, and in the early settlement of Spoon River his house was the only chajiel for a number of years. He was also a member of the Masonic fraternity from an early date. He arrived with his family after forty -two days' travel, on the site of the present town of Wyoming, in October, 1834, where his brother- in-laAV, Sylvanus Moore, had a cabin and claim. Purchasing Moore's interest here he entered the land at Quincy in June, 1835, opened a store there and also began farming, and continued to reside here until his death, as noted in the history of Wyoming. Mrs. Marcia Thomas died here July 21, 1865. Their son, William F., avIio came with them into the Avilderness of Spoon River, Avas born in 1817, died at AVyoming, May 25, 1875 ; Ruth Ann, born in 1819, avIio married Giles C. Dana, in May, 1836, died at Peoria in July of that year ancl James M., born in 1822, who in 1847 married Miss Ellen White, has for over half a century been a prominent figure in the history of the district. In the history of the Agard family reference is made to Martha P. Thomas, avIio married J. W. Agard in 1834 and came Avith him in Sep tember, 1836, to Wyoming. Mary Ann Thomas, who married Whitney Smith, of Wilkesbarre, Pa,, one of the early traders here, came Avith him in 1835, and for many years shared his home here-until her sep aration from him, Avhen she married E. S. Brodhead, avIio died at Toulon in 1873. Some time after her second husband's death, she be came Mrs. Chase, of NeAV York City. From 1808 to 1879 the general is said to have voted the Democratic ticket, and as told in the political history, Avas elected on that ticket a member of our legislature, in 1846. The life of this enterprising pioneer of Stark county claims extended notices in many pages of this Avork ; yet this sketch of the family is necessary to complete our history. General Thomas was called to Michigan in 1832 and spent a part of that season there, and in the fall of 1833 was called to old Fort Dearborn, at the time the Indians, who fought under Black Hawk Avere paid off by the United OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 403 States government. After their payment, he Avith tAvo neighbors, traveled >over the entire state of Illinois on horseback ancl oA^er Black HaAvk's purchase, now IoAva. At that time he selected this place for a future home, and bought a section of land before returning to Pennsylvania, Avhich return was made all the Avay on horseback. When he came here he invested largely in land, but sold much of it before his death. Owen Thomas Avas born at Norristown, Penn., December 12, lsl8, and on arriving at manhood married Miss Sarah Pierce in the year 1844, and for nine years longer lived there, following his trade, that of a nail-cutter. In the year of 1853, he Avith .his family came to Stark county, ancl, Avith the exception of a very short time, has lived on the same, place Avhere his last moments Avere passed ever since. Of his ten children, five only are living, two daughters here, Mrs. A. Gal braith ancl Mrs. A. Wilkinson, two daughters, Anna and Mary, living in Missouri, ancl one son, Abraham, that lives near Oskaloosa, la. In 1882, his companion was taken from him. On Saturday, November 6, 1886, he married Mrs. Sarah Lake, and bid her the last fareAvell November 20, 1886. Mrs. Harriet Taylor, sister of II. Shivvers, and mother of Mrs. Henry Harrington, died in Hooper county, Kan., July 13, 1886, aged about sixty years. Captain Bradford F. Thompson, son of Benjamin M., ancl Ann B. (McLaughlin) Thompson, was born at MontA'ille, Waldo county, Me., November 6, 1837. His parents ay ere Scotch and Irish respectively, early settlers of Maine, and among that state's most industrious citi zens. In 1856, the family, consisting of parents and four sons, moved to this county. Here the captain engaged as clerk in a store, but, after the lapse of a feAv years, entered Martin Shallenberger's office at Toulon as a la\v student. The rebellion broke over the land shortly after, ancl in August, 1862, he enlisted in Company B, One-hundred- and-tAvelfth Illinois Infantry, Avas promoted first sergeant on organiza tion of company ; second lieutenant April 10, 1863; first lieutenant in December, 1863; adjutant of the regiment March 7, 1864; and captain of Company B, May 9, 1865. On his return, he engaged in mer chandising at Bradford, and. continued in trade until 1874, Avhen he resumed law studies, Avas admitted to the bar, and has been in practice since that time. In 1859, heXas elected to Avn collector of Osceola, serA'ed one term as supervisor, was toAvn clerk, justice of the peace ancl assessor. In 1868, he Avas elected representative in state legislature, and in 1876, state's attorney. In the latter year he removed to Toulon, Avas reelected state's attorney in 1880, and seiwecl until 1884. Captain Thompson was married in I860 to Aliss Elizaebth A., daugh ter of Zachariah and Lydia (Bevier) BeA'ier, avIio settled here in 1851, coming from New York. Their children are Miss Mary ancl Anna and Earl W. He is prominently connected Avith local ancl district military circles, is secretary of the One-hundred-and-tAvelfth Veteran club, a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, a mason since 1862, and now secretary of the "Old Settlers' society" of Stark county. In every position he has aimed to do Avell Avhat he undertook 404 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES and succeeded. His neAV work entitled "History of he One-hundrecl- and-twelfth Regiment," is exceptionally good, far above the average regimental history. In itself, it points out two characteristics of the man — a love of doing things Avell and fully, ancl a loA'eof the old flag ancl its defenders. Mrs. Harriet Ticknor, born in Peoria county in 1843, moved to Stark Avith parents in 1852, married Allen Ticknor in 1870, died De cember 1, 1874. Leven Echvard Timmons, son of Ananias and Eleanor (Roteau) Timmons — natives of Maryland, was born in Ross county, O., March 13, 1830. His father led a seafaring life for many years, prior to the removal of the family to Ohio, Avhere he engaged in agriculture. LeA'en E. left home in his youth, and began life on the farm. In 1847 he came to Stark county and Avorked for others until he had earned enough money to purchase 135 acres. This tract is known as the " Timmon's Homestead," and was cultivated by him for many years. In 1854 he married in Essex toAvnship, Mrs. Eliza Ann Lake, daughter of David Davis, a native of Orange county, N. Y., and a pioneer of Stark county, 111., in 1836. Their children are named as follows : Matilda D., Avho married Wm. Leighton, deceased ; Lois D., Avho mar ried Samuel Camp, deceased ; Eliza E., Avife of Charles Eagleston, Theodore D., foster-brother of Lois, ancl Mary G. Drummond, deceased. Mr. Timmons retired from agricultural life in 1873. For fourteen years he served Essex toAvnshij) as trustee, and in all relations has been an excellent citizen of the county for forty years. E. Ayers Trimnwr, born at HackettstoAvn, N. Y., April 29, 1849, is the son of John and Catherine (Ayers) Trimmer, and grandson of Morris Trimmer, a name well-knoAvn among the patentees of lands in this and other western counties. In 1854 John Trimmer ancl family settled in West Jersey toAvnship, and carried on farming there until his death in 1872. Of his tAvo sons and five daughters, Mary N. is the Avife of Henry Ballantyne of Boone county, Ia. E. A. Trimmer is a resident of Wyoming ; Sarah E., born in this county is the Avife of Gideon Smith oi' Stafford, Kan., Augusta K., is Mrs. John Callahan of Boone county, la., Eli is a farmer of West Jersey toAvnship, Belle, Avho married Peter Schaeffer of that toAvnshipis deceased, and Alma J. resides Avith the mother. E. Ay res Trimmer Avas educated in this county, and at the age of nineteen years entered on his oavii course in life. He Avas married here to Miss Anna, daughter of Henry Col- Avell of Essex toAvnship, ancl to them one son and three daughters Avere born. In 1881 he moved to Wyoming and established Ids present business here that year and built his large agricultural implement Avare- house. A reference to the history of Wyoming will point out his re lation to the community since 1881. IF. A. Truax, son of David and Caroline (May) Truax, was born at Eaton, Prible county, 0., April 5, 1841. In 1849 the family moved to Sangamon county, 111., Avhere his father carried on the livery busi ness for a number of years. At the age of fifteen years he entered on the task of heAving out his OAvn road through life. He Avas engaged in farming ancl cattle-driving for some time, again carried on a large OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 40 ft liA'ery business at Galesburg, next at Elmwood, and in August 1S78 established his large livery stable at Wyoming. In January, 1879 he opened the Truax House, and this, in conjunction with his livery, he con ducted cloAvn to September, 1886, when he sold the hotel, holding his interests in the stables. Mr. Truax is a stockholder in the Central Agricultural Society prominent in the I. O. 0. F circles, and as told in the municipal history, has been elected and re-elected a member of the town council. He Avas married at Decatur, 111. to Miss Anna E. Michener, a native of Ohio. They are the parents of two children, Harvey and Mamie. Mr. Truax is the owner of eighty acres of rich land in Essex township, and 320 acres in Kingman county, Kansas, a supporter of beneficial projects ancl a shrewd, upright business man. Benjamin Turner, son of Reuben ancl Sarah (Hays) Turner, the former of Kent county, and latter of Sussex county, Del., Avas born at Milford, Kent county, Del., December 11, 1807. In November 1834, the family moved to Avhat is noAv known as Ashland county, Ohio. In 1840 Benjamin Turner came west and settled just south of La Fayette village, moA^ed to Toulon shortly after, Avas appointed postmaster by President Tyler, reappointed by Polk, reappointed by Taylor, reap pointed by ".Fillmore and reappointed by Pierce, serving in the office sixteen years. From 1849 to 1853 he served as treasurer of Stark county, defeating the Avhig Samuel G. Butler, by tAventy-five votes in a total jioll of 413. From 1847 to 1849 — tAvo years — he Avas engaged in mercantile work. For many years he never missed a meeting of the school trustees of Toulon township. On the School Directors' Board he Avas equally attentive ancl sujierintended the erection of the high school building at Toulon. In 1860 he took a leading part in found ing the first democratic journal in the county, and has for almost a quarter of a century been connected Avith every enterprise Avhich prom ised benefits to the toAvn or county. He married Miss Elizabeth Mc Wilbams, at Savannah, Ashland county, Ohio, the mother of Miss Sarah Turner. The lady died at Toulon in 1856. In later years he married Miss Ruth A. Myers, the mother of Chester M. Turner. Mr. Turner is one of the old riiembers of the Masonic lodge at Toulon, and both he and Mrs. Turne^ are members ancl earnest supporters of the Methodist Episcopal church here. Their son Chester M. is a graduate of Knox college, and no\v a law student in the office of Martin Shal lenberger. He has the reputation of being a singularly close student and a young man of more than fair literary ability. A reference to the pages devoted to temperance Avork throughout the count}' and in the Anllage, to the social and literary societies of Toulon, ancl to all those events Avhere the Avomen of the county loaned their moral and physical support, the name of Mrs. R. A. Turner Avill be found practi cally identified Avith the success of every object for Avhich the societies Avere brought into existence. Jesse T. Turner, a former resident of Wyoming, died at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Lucinda Simmonds, at Marietta, Fulton county. 111., April 28, 18S6. He Avas born in Maryland in 1811, was ordained a Baptist minister in 1839, came to AVyoming in 1865. 406 BIOGRAPHY AND UEMIXISCENCES Andrew F. Stickney, son of James M. and Cynthia K. Gill, AA'as born in Penn toAvnship, December 13, 1847. The history of the Bap tist church in this county is almost a history of this excellent old coujile. For tAventy-four years he resided in Penn toAvnship, attending school or laboring on his father's farm. In 1S71-72 he accepted a position as agent ancl telegraph operator on the Davenport & St. Paul R. R., at Hopkinton, Avhere he remained five years. On December 11, 1877, he Avas appointed agent of the R. I. & P. R. R., at Wyoming, Avhich position he resigned three years after to accept that of cashier of the Farmers' Banking Co., of Wyoming, and subsequently of the First National Banking Co., there. On January 1, 1884, he took charge of the R. I. ite P. R. R. Co.'s business at Toulon. He Avas married here in 1871, to Aliss Alary L , daughter of the jiioneer of Toulon, Alinott Silliman, to whom three children Avere born : Eddie C, James AL, and Bessie M. Like the venerable Elder James AL, his father, Mr. Stick ney has ahvays been a member of the Baptist church. In politics he is Republican, but outside his business he seldom meddles Avith jiublic affairs, excejit in church ancl teniperance matters. * J. C. Starr, an employe of the Bethuel Parish for many years, later in the employ of Marsh Mahany, Avas kicked to death by a span of mules in March, 1885. Daniel D. S'onc, born in Litchfield county, Conn., in 1813, came to Stark county Avith his family in 1856, and resided here until his death, February 7, 1883. It'ce. David G. stouffer, jiastor of the Methodist Episcopal church, Wyoming, AA'as born at Harrisburg, Pa., Ajiril 26, 1841. His parents Avere John Stouffer, born in Lancaster county, Pa., a pioneer carpenter ancl builder of Harrisburg, ancl Elizabeth Marklev, of Lancaster county. Rev. Mr. Stouffer obtained a good common school education at Harrisburg. In 1862 he enlisted in Company B., One-hunclred-and- tAventy-seventh Pennsyhania Volunteer Infantry, and folloAved the fortunes of that command for some time. In the spring of 1865 his father died, and the same year Mr. Stouffer came to Peoria, 111., Avith his mother, avIio died in February, 1866. He AA'as the first photo graphic colorist at Peoria, In Harrisburg, Pa., in September, 1857. he became a member of the Alethodist church, ancl in 1866, in Peoria, III., AA'as licensed as local preacher. In- 1873 he filled his first charge at Wyoming ; in 1874 received the AVest Jersey appointment, \Aliich he bekl for three years. The subsequent three years he Avas pastor of the church at Atkinson, 111., ancl again for three years of the church at Toulon. He then served as supernumerary ancl evangelist preacher for tAvo years. In the fall of 1885 he Avas ajipointed to the AVyoming charge — all his labors being attended Avith remarkable success. He Avas married in Peoria, 111., September 26, I860, to Miss Jennie E., daughter of George 0. Babcock, Sr., a native of Marietta, Ohio. This lady has contributed a number of poems, some of sterling Avorth, to the press. Air. Stouffer's talent for painting Avas manifested in early life. For some years he had charge of decorative painting in car-shops, again colorist at Peoria, and in later days has produced some elegant studies in oil and water color work. *A'iilc sketch of .Tunics M. Sticluicy in history of Baptist uhuroh. OF TOULON TOAVNSHIP. 407 William Sturm, son of Henry and Catherine ( Dalrymple) Sturm, AA'as born in Shelby county, Ohio, November 13, 1822. His father Avas born in Kentucky January 29, 1791, ancl mother in South Caro lina, February 5, 1796, the ancestors of the former being of German and of the latter of Scotch origin. Henry Sturm moved to Ohio prior to the war of 1812, and served throughout that Avar. They Avere the parents of eleven children, Peter, of llenry county ; Rebecca, avIio died August 9, 1886; George, a farmer of Kansas; William, of this toAvnship ; Isaac, of Osceola toAvnship ; Elizabeth, of Elmira townshiji ; Abner J., of Bradford; Catherine, deceased ; Nancy, residing in Kan sas ; Margaret, also of Kansas, ancl Rachel, residing in AVisconsin. The father of this large family Avas a blacksmith and farmer. In 1838 he and family settled at Osceola Grove, and resided there until the death of himself and wife, as noted in the history of the pioneers and of the cemeteries. William Sturm passed his younger years on the farm and learnedhis father's trade, Avorking in his father's shoji during the Avinters. He Avas one of the pupils Avho attended the " Log Cabin School " at Osceola Grove. In December, 1843, he married Miss Alary Ann, daughter of John and Margaret (Lane) Swiger. This John SAviger, son of Daniel, a native of Germany, Avas born in Pennsylvania,, and his Avife, daughter of Elisha Lane, Avas born in Maryland. In 1845 Mr. Sturm jmrchased forty acres for $45, Avhich he sold for §75, and purchased eighty acres in this township, Avhich he held for three years, Avhen he moved to Peoria county, Avhere he Avas engaged in agriculture for twenty -tAvo years. In 1872 he returned, and purchasing 135 acres, Avith 53 acres in Elmira, established his present grain ancl stock farm. Mr. and Mrs. Sturm were the parents of tAvelve children, ten of whom are living. Margaret A., died in infancy ; Mrs. Charlotte Harolson resides in Osceola ; Mrs. Cyrena Sarver in Kansas ; William 1L, mar ried Miss Woochvard. resides in Osceola; James, Avho married Miss Mary Slater, resides in Elmira, ; and Wallace, who married Aliss Jose phine Gerard, resides in Kansas; Charles O., deceased; Sarah L., married, residing at home; Leonora, wife of Samuel Rodgers, resides at, Belvidere, 111.; Brayton, Avho married Aliss Leonora Mendenhall, resides in Elmira ; Albert ancl Lorin reside at home. Politically, Mr. Sturm, like his father, has ahA'ays been a Democrat, and supports the Metho dist church, of Avhich his Avife is a member. The name and family are so Avell knoAvn that this plain record is at once their history ancl testi monial. Daniel Tyrrell, M. D;, son of Captain Elijah and Clarissa (Meeker) Tyrrell, Avas born at Tyrrell's corners in FoAvler township, Trumbull county, O., Ajiril 3, 1815. His father Avas a soldier of the Avar of 1812 -15, andhis grandfather, Asahel Tyrrell, of Connecticut, a soldier of the Revolution, who fell in battle just before the surrender of Burgoyne and his British troops. His grandmother, of Connecticut, Avas Hannah Hoyt. The doctor spent his boyhood years in Trumbull county, 0., Avhere the Tyrrells settled in 1806; there received a good common school education and in later years was a student in the academy at Warren, O. Subsequently he engaged in teaching school, ancl thus secured means to " push through " a course of medical studies. Again 40 S BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Ave find him a student at t]ie Meadville academy, Pa., ancl next complet ing an eight months' course at Allegheny college there. Meantime he studied under Dr. Johnson, of AXnna, 0., and later engaged in prac tice Avith his old preceptor. Returning to the farm he found himself still practicing medicine, being so often called ujion. After a term of three years thus engaged, he jiurchased a farm, and at once entered upon agriculture, school-teaching ancl medicine, studying agriculture ancl horticulture as Avell as medical journals and books, continuing in this business, ancl that very actively, for many years. In 1853 he Avent to Hancock county. 111., ancl Avas there engaged in practice Avith his brother for six months, when, being sent for to attend on his Avife, he returned to Ohio. After the death of Mrs. Tyrrell, nee Minerva Alder man, September 27, 1S54, from consumjrtion, of Avhich she had tAvice been relieved years before, he moved to Illinois in 1S55, ancl engaged in practice with his brother, Dr. Abijah Tyrrell, then at St. Mary's. His four sons by this marriage are Edwin II. , (born March IS, lS3,s), of Toulon ; Sylvanus M., of Chicago a, machinist and natural mechanic; Gilbert R., of La Porte, Indiana, first president of the N. AV Indiana Bee-keepers' Association, master mechanic, and Calvin G. born Febru ary 24, 185o, a carpenter, painter, ancl a farmer of Hancock county, 111. In December, 1857, the Doctor moved to Claremont, X. II., Avhere he married (Dec. 27, 1857.) Aliss Frances Augusta Hunt, a graduate of a medical college ancl a lad}' of extraordinary good literary and social attainments, avIio had a large practice among Avomen and children. They jiracticed medicine there until 1861 Avhen they removed to La Porte, Inch, AA'here in the fall she had an ovarian tumor, weighing over thirty pounds, taken out by Prof. A. Curtis, M. D.. of Cincinnati, O., assisted by her husband, Dr. Tyrrell. The eighteenth day after the oper ation she rode out ancl visited jiatients. Their only daughter, Aveigh- ing only three pounds, Avas born the next May 8, 1862, iioav Mrs. Hattie H. Berger, of Salinas, Cal. The doctor's son, Sylvanus, (born Nov. 1, 1S43), enlisted in the 5th N. 11. regiment in the summer of 1S61, after writing in NeAV Hamp shire to La Porte. Inch, for his father's consent, Avhich Avas freely given after telling his son of the hardships, exposures, and privations of a sol dier, ancl that he thought there Avould be more danger in the hospitals than of Rebel bullets. Sylvanus Avas in every battle and skirmish that bis regiment Avas in for three years, and Avas bit but twice by Rebel bullets. He Avas Orderly Sergeant Gilbert, born Xov. 1, 1846, in Ohio, enlisted in La Porte, Inch, in the 35th Indiana, Regiment, and Avas Avounded in battle near Kennesaw Mountain, July 20, 1S64, and sent back to Nashville, Tenn. lie gets a small pension and lives in a. nice large residence, of his oavu construction, on Indiana avenue, in La Porte, Ind. The doctor himself served as surgeon in the armv in 1864-5. In the hospitals in Rome, Ga,, he Avas frequently called to visit other surgeons' jiatients after it was known that such cases as were dying clay and night under " Old School" treatment Avere getting Avell under his Botanic treatment. He Avas Avith the Fifth-third Illinois regiment on the march through Georgia, and Avas surgeon-in-charge of the olficets' hospital and a rebel hospital, in Savannah, Ga., in the Avinter. OP TOUI.OX TOAVNSHIP. 409 In Alarch 1S<>~> lie avus surgeon-in-charge of the small-pox hosjiital at Blair's Landing, in South Carolina ; and at other times and places Avas in other hospitals, fields, and convalescent camps, ancl Avas called "The Soldiers' Friend." He Avas an officer on the medical staff at Gen. Sherman's grand reA'ieAV in Washington, D. C, and surgeon of the Thirty-second Ohio regiment on Georgetown Heights, D. ('., and of a hosjiital on AVashington Heights. Being in AVashington frequently, he visited all of the government buildings, inside and out, from the AVhite House ancl Capitol to the magnificent hosjiitals. The tents Avhitened the country as far as he could see from the dome of the Cap itol. In July, 1865, he was surgeon of the Pioneer Corjis, near Louis ville. Ky. While the Doctor Avas in the army Mrs. Tyrrell Avent to Emjioria, Kansas, to visit her mother and sister, and AA'as soon engaged in a good practice, and they persuaded him to move to Emjioria. On the way there he came to Toulon, on account of the " land sharks " taking jios- session of 16o acres of land near Toulon, after the Doctor had a war ranty deed and had jiaid the taxes eleven years. He has an eighty acre farm of it yet. On arriving at Fort Leavemvorth, Kan., he first heard of his wife's death, which took place at her mother's Oct. 12, 1865. The next fall he came to Toulon, just within the old settlers period of this county. On Nov. 27, 1807, he married Louisa (Stoddard) Goodheart, formerly of NeAV York state, then the mother of five children. His present wife's children are Calvin C. Goodheart, of AVymore, Neb.; Mrs. Alice Rice, of Colville, AVashington Territory ; ancl Samuel II. Goodheart. of Toulon toAvnshiji; Airs. Mary Addis, of AVest Jersey township, ancl Joseph O. Goodheart, of Albion, Harper county, Kan. Airs. Tyrrell, Avith her family, are members of the Chris tian c aurch, are (the Doctor and Avife) the OAvners of a beautiful home at Toulon, of a rich farm of 160 acres, Avith large residence, in Han cock county, 111., 16o acres tAvo miles east of Nelson, Neb., and of two lots at Hastings, Neb., besides the eighty acre farm ancl a feAv lots and extra houses at Toulon, for rent. The Doctor has received three med ical diplomas. After receiving the second he attended lectures in five other medical colleges, ancl clinical lectures in the hospital, ancl engaged in jiractice Avith Prof. A. Curtis, in the Infirmary and city of Cincinnati, O. ancl Covington ancl Newport, Ky. He has frequent calls yet from different states, from Ncav Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indi ana to California, Oregon ancl AVyoming Territory, for jirescriptions and advice. He advocates temjierance in all things, and is ojmosed to all strong drinks and tobacco. Having studied all systems of medicine, he holds fast to the botanic ancl hygienic (physio-medical), using nature's remedies. He had four sisters ancl three brothers. The first four AA'ere born in Fairfield, Conn., the others Avere born at Tyrrell's Corners, Trumbull, O. His father ancl brothers appeared to be natu ral mechanics. The oldest brother, Avhen a small boy in his father's blacksmith shop, made jeAvsharps, pocket knhes, etc., then different kinds of bits, augurs, and all kinds of joiner ancl carpenter tools ; then built barns, bouses and sawmills, and later, steam engines for mills and factories. His brother, Capt. Abijah Tyrrell, M. D., Avas called out, 410 BIOOKAPMY AM) REMINISCENCES Avith his company, by the governor, at the time of the Mormon Avar at Nauvoo, 111 2Irs. Gertrude Wagner, a native of Germany, born in 1818, came Avith her husband and family to the United States about 1834, and ul timately settled at Toulon, Avhere she died June 5, 1884. David J. Walker, clerk of Stark county, Avas born at Philadelphia. December 19, 1840. His jiarents, Samuel and Elizabeth (Charlton') Walker, were natives of Ireland, avIio, on coining to the United States, engaged in agriculture. They removed west Avith their children in 1849, locating in Henry county. In 1868 or 1869 Samuel Walker died. His AvidoAV resides in Hardin county, IoAva, where her sons, William and James, are, farmers. Their daughters, six in number, are all married, and residents of the western states. David J. Walker spent his earlier years on the farm, alternating hard Avork with school pleasures, thus securing a practical, liberal education. In 1861 he returned from IoAva to Illinois, ancl entered the office of M. A. Fuller, as deputy county clerk. Fie served in that position until 1866, when he accepted a clerkship in the banking house of Dewey & Burge. Here he had the peculiar experiences of witnessing the victory of this financial in stitution over the jianic of 1873, and of the anxiety of many depositors, some of Avhom Avould call daily to borrow a neAVspaper, or hear the neAvs of collapse after collapse read to them. In 1873 he was elected county clerk on the Republican ticket by 128 majority over J. Armstrong on the A. M. R. ticket. He has been reelected since that time, and men of all parties believe that the office is his so long as the same executive ability and genial consideration for the peojile which marked the last thirteen years of his official life continue. In 1866 he married Miss Stella D., daughter of N. AV. Rhodes. They are the parents of two sons and four daugters, namely, George S., Harry W., Ada, Pauline, Lois, and an infant. Both Mr. Walker and Avife are members of the Congregational church. Their social and literary affiliations are noticed in the history of the toAvn of Toulon. Dexter Wall, son of William Wall, of Rhode Island, and great grandson of one of the Irish pioneers of the little state, was born in Luzerne county, Pa., August, 6, 1809. In later years the western fever took jiossession of the young Pennsylvanian, and at the age of 26 years we find him in the Sjioon Rh'er country of Illinois. He married Miss Sarah Stark, Avho Avith him shared all the joys and sor rows of pioneer clays here, ancl lived to see the country which they found a Avilderness, transformed into one of the the fairest portions of the State. For years he has been identified with the agricultural, mercantile, milling and grain interests of this section of the county. Of his children, Jerusha, avIio married Harvey B. Harris, is dead ; Rebecca is the Avidow of James Harwood ; Thomas B. is United States guager at Peoria, and William C. is the druggist of Wyoming and Toulon. A reference to pioneer history Avill not fail to disclose many interesting items relative to the Walls, to " Wall's School House" and their settlement in Stark county. W. C. Wall, born March 13, 1854, is a native of Stark county and today stands prominently forAvard among her business men. He received a practical education in the OP TOULON TOWNSHIP. 411 home schools, then entered on mercantile work, and in ls82 estab lished his drug house at Wyoming. As a pharmacist he AA'as duly registered. In 1S85 he opened the extensive drug store at Toulon, in the Opera House block, and this Avith his AVyoming house, confirms the truth of his motto: "Spend no time on that Avhich is not Avorth doing Avell." His marriage Avith Miss Emma, Cooper Avas celebrated at Princeton, Bureau countv, March 25, 1S85, to AA'hom was born one son, William Earl, October' 12, 1886. Rev. William Walters, first pastor of the Congregational church, Wyoming, 111., was born at Mayfield, Staffordshire, England, May 26, 1828. The Walters family had lived in the county of Derby, England, for many generations, ancl Ave re a hardy, long-lived, temjierate race, AA'hose members filled the ordinary aArocations of life meritoriously. His. father, AVilliam Walters, Avas one of the early Methodists, and was mentioned in a lecture of the late Spencer Hall, as one who combined jilain living Avith high thinking, ancl adorned an humble jiosition.Avith true mental ability ancl moral Avorth. His mother, Anne Pegge, Avas an enthusiastic worker in the church of England. Her brother, Rob ert Pegge, fell in the ranks of the First Regiment of Foot Guards at Waterloo. On Sejitember 14, 1852, William Walters Avas married to Sarah, daughter of John and Mary Neal, at St. Peter's church, Derby. John Neal, a tall, clever man; was a sergeant, of the Derby militia, on garrison duty at Dover Castle, during the anticipated invasion of Eng land by Napoleon. Tavo of his brothers were killed in the English campaigns in Spain. On his marriage Mr. Walters engaged in busi ness as Avatchmaker, clockmaker and jeAveler, at the toAvn of Ash bourne, Derbyshire, Avhere he bad for many years resided. He fol- loAvecl this business successfully until his departure for America. In 1840, at the age of thirteen years, he became a member of the AVes- leyan church, ancl at the age of seA'enteen Avas licensed as a local jireacher. From the first he Avas Avell received, ancl preached Avith increasing acceptance, both in the AVesleyan and the Congregational churches, Avith Avhich latter church he had become identified. During these years there Avere but feAv Sundays in Avhich he was not em ployed, preaching sometimes as many as three or four times on a Sun day, and Avalking often to his ajipointments ten to fifteen miles. The folloAving letter, dated Gerard street, Derby, England, July 15, 1870, is one of a feAv testimonials issued to Mr. Walters, in view of bis emi gration : " The bearer, Mr William Walters, of Ashbourne, eight miles from Derby, is about to emigrate to America. * * '"" He was originally a member of the AVesleyan societies. In the disruption which took jilace in 1849, he became one of the Wesleyan reformers, * * * but subsequent circumstances led the Reform church at Ash bourne to connect itself Avith the Congregational Union. Mr. AV alters is highly esteemed for many miles around, in consequence of having held for many years the office of Lay Preacher. AVhen I have occasion to leave home and obtain a supjily for my pulpit in Derby, for the last fifteen years I have felt satisfied that the pulpit would be Avell filled Avhenever I Avas able to secure his services. His labors on these occasions have been very acceptable to the church ancl congre- 419 HIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES gation under mv pastoral care." This letter Avas signed by Rev. William Griffith, and addressed to his brethren in religion. On Octo ber 5, 1870, the family sailed by steamer Italy for America, landing at New York October 17, ancl arriving at Wyoming October 22, Avhere his neAV house, erected under supervision of his friend, Dr. Cojie- stake, was ready to receive him. Here he engaged in business. No vember 17, 1872, Mrs. Walters, after a long illness, died, and was buried by Rev. L. N. Benedict in the Wyoming cemetery. He AA'as one of the original thirteen members of the Wyoming First Congrega tional church, and was its first pastor, assuming that office in 1873, ancl remaining until his resignation {vide history). During his pastorate the church was erected, and placed free from debt, ancl the membershij) increased from thirteen to 110, 150 names having, during his ministry, been jdacecl upon the rolls. Preaching services were by him maintained for considerable time at Duncan, and at the Pauli school house, Toulon toAvnshiji. In 1882 he revisited his old home in England. In August, 1883, he became pastor of the Union church, Lacon, 111. In November, 1882, he was married to Miss Susan Hood, of Ashbourne, England. On January 1, 1886, he removed to the pas torate of the First Congregational church, Hastings, Nebraska, which position he noAv holds. He is an earnest worker, and effective speaker, a close student, social in manner, and of broad and liberal views. His children, all born at Ashbourne, England, are John William, of the firm of Hammond & Walters, Wyoming, 111.; Mary, iioav of Hastings, Neb.; Alfred Neal, married to Miss Lillian Hawkes; now residing at Kearney, Neb.; Lydia Fanny, now Mrs. Albert Snare, of Kearney, Neb.; Sarah Annie, died in England, aged seven years ; Rose Rebecca, now Mrs. Lewis Castle, of Wyoming, ancl Mabel, Avho died in infancy, John W. Walters Avas born at Ashbourne, England, July 26, 1854. Received his education at St. John's Commercial School there, and came to the United States October 5, 1870. In November, 1871, he entered the old Boston store of Otman & King as clerk. On the 13th of June, 1877, he AA-as married to Aliss Allie B., daughter of Samuel Wrigley ancl adopted daughter of John Wrigley, of the firm of Scott & Wrigley. In May, 1878, he became the junior partner of the firm of Hammond & Walters, in the store he had entered as clerk seven years before. He has been identified Avith the Congregational church of Wyoming since its formation, and has esteemed it always a pleasure to do what he could in its Avork. Mr. and Mrs. Walters have five chil dren, Arthur John, born March 28, 1878; Sarah Annie, born October 15, 1879 ; Florence Louise, born October 27, 1881 ; William Alfred, horn February 25, 1883; ancl Edith Alice, born May 30, 1885. Joseph Walther, born at Wissembourg, Alsace, France, March 10, 1823, is the son of John Adam and Catherine (Sumpman) Walther. Josejm learned cabinet-making there, and at the age of tAventy-five years came to the United States, remained in NeAV York City for a short time, and then located in the Avestern part of the state, where he learned the habits and customs of Americans and gained a farther knoAvledge of the cabinet-maker's business. In 1852-3 he moved to Ohio, and in 1854 came to Toulon, Avhere he embarked in business for OF TOULON TOAVNSHIP. 413 himself. He married here Miss Ella Johnson, daughter of P. P. Johnson. They are the parents of tAvo sons, Ernest ancl Joseph AVal- ther. Mr. Walther supports the Christian Church, of which his wife is a member. Since coming here he has apjiliecl himself strictly to his OAvn business, and has by strict economy, accumlated a competence, ancl by industry ancl integrity built up a good trade. Oliver Whitaker, president of the Old Settlers Association, was born near OAvego, Tioga county, N Y., April 12, 1807. He is des cended from Philip, born in Connecticut in 1722, Avho died in 1775. This Philip Avas the son of Eliphalet, and nepheAV of Jonathan, Avhose original settlement dates to 1690. The seventh son of Philip Avas Gideon, born April 27, 1761. Referring to this matter, Ephriam S. Whitaker, the geneologist of the family, of Cincinnati, AA'riting in March, 1881, says: "In Schoolcraft's history of the Indian tribes, vol. 1, pp. 670-2, is given a statement by Mrs. Whitaker, who was a daughter of Sebastian Strope, ancl I have been tracing until I find that she is identical Avith your mother." Then he gives the statement and asks Mr. Whitaker is it correct. On March 12, the latter replied : " My mother was a daughter of Sebastian Strope of Wysox as you have it. She first married Jeremiah White of Connecticut, and settled near OAvego. Of her daughters, Hannah married Hull and Lydia married Olney. Her son Avas Hewes White. Jeremiah AVhite Avas killed in a gristmill Avhere he first settled. A feAv years later, in 1805 or 1806, his Avidow married Gideon Whitaker. A daughter, Eliza Ann Avas born, who married one Randall and died in 1849. Gideon died near OAvego in 1822 or 1823, Avhile his son, subject of this sketch, was residing in Pennsylvania, Avith his half brother, Hewes White. Mrs. Oliver Whitaker's father, Samuel A. Broadhead, a native of DelaAvare, and Hannah S. Shoemaker his Avife, born near Strods- burg, Pa., Avere descended from the British ancl German settlers of Neiv York. The Broadheads, tAvo brothers, came Avith the British as officers, but cast off that uniform and were neutral afterwards. Sam uel A. Avas a son of Daniel. Samuel A. settled m Tioga county, N. Y., long before its organization, ancl married Miss Hannah S. Shoe maker near Stroudsburg just before moA'ing. Mrs. O. Whitaker is the tAvelfth child of this marriage, ancl the second survivor, her sister, Hannah Foreman of Tioga county, being the other. The children of Mr. ancl Airs. Whitaker are Hannah J., born at Mansfield, Pa., in 1836, married Dr. S. S. Kaysbier, the pioneer druggist of Toulon, noAv re siding at Nehemah, Kan., Charles H. Whitaker, born in 1838 at Osceola grove, died in 1842; Isaac S., born in 1840, at the groA'e, re sides in Kansas; Mary W., born in 1842 there, is iioav Mrs. E. II. Phelps of Kansas city ; Frederick II., born in 1843, is a partner Avith Air. Phelps ; AndreAv J. Avas born in 1845 ; Delphine died at San Antonio, Tex., in 1875; Kate is Mrs. Henry F. Blood of Kansas city, and Stella is Mrs. Frank MattheAvs of Los Angeles, Oal. As the his tory of every member of this family in their relation to Elmira, Toulon or the county is very fully ghen in the tOAvnship and general history, Ave Avill omit it here, content Avith giving the folloAving account of Mr. and Mrs. Whitaker's golden Avedding, celebrated September 3, 1885. 414 BIOGRAPHY' AND REMINISCENCES The account is based on a contemporary neAvspaper description of the festival. — The county, from Osceola GroA'e to Niggers Point and from historic Spoon river to Lafayette sent venerable representatives of jiioneer days ; Avhile of the fifty-three persons comprising the Whita ker family, thirty-four Avere present, seven children all married except Fred ; tAventy grandchildren, ancl tAvo great-grandchildren. General Thomas J. Henderson Avrote a, letter, Avhich contained this passage: "I remember AA'hen a boy to havje shared your generous hosjiitality in your log cabin in Osceola Grove. AVhen I Avas a young man I found for some years a pleasant home in your family at Toulon; later I Avas associated Avith you in business for a number of years and from early manhood my associations Avith you and your family haA'e been inti mate ancl pleasant." M. A. Fuller addressing the jiioneer couple said : " You gave sixteen years of service in the most important county offices. The records Avhich you there made, stand as monu ments of your fidelity. * * * * There are feAv here to-day who have not on many occasions been partakers of your hospitality and admirers of that easy jioliteness with Avhich your guests Avere made to feel they Avere ahvays Avelcome. In ever}' public enterprise you Avere each in your proper place among the most active workers'. You never acquired great Avealth, because you ahvays found ample time to, aid the poor and nurse the sick. ";:" "' ~::" In the hour of mourning you avc re always seen, and none could conduct "the funeral rites and none else were so frequently called to do so. The large number here bear witness to the esteem in Avhich you are held, and trust that after many more years of useful life you will ' wrap the drapery of your couch about you and lie doAvn to pleasant dreams," John E. Rhodes deliv ered a memorable speech, so thoroughly original that it made his hearers laugh AA'hen they should Aveeji and Aveep AA'hen they should laugh. On his signal a fine phaeton, furnished with whiji and lap robe Avas drawn up, presented to Mr. ancl Mrs. Whitaker. He also handed them a roll of money, Avhich he said Avas left OA'er and no one kneAv Avhat to do Avith it. They Avere then escorted to the carriage, took their seats, ancl Avere drawn round ancl round by a number of gray-haired pioneers, and afterwards by their grandchildren. Dur ing the festival visitors and members of the family Avho flocked hither found a genial Avelcome at any home Avhere they wished to stay. Mr. AV hi taker has in his possession the old German Strojie family bible, Avhich was cast into the fire by Indians during the Wysox Mas sacre, ancl rescued by Mr. Whitaker's mother's uncle as he ran jiast in his flight. The book Avas jirinted at Amsterdam in 1716. The cover is oak-board bound in leather, Avith heavy brass clasps. John Whitaker Avas born in Queens county, Ireland, April lo, 1846. lie is the son of John ancl Susan (Carter) Whitaker, also natives of Ireland, who came to the United States in 1847, Avith a family of five sons ancl one daughter, of Avhom four sons and one daughter are living. John greAv to manhood in Millbrook tOAvnship, Peoria county, where the father died in December, 1885. Me tock up farming and Avorked at it until 1882, Avhen he purchased his present jiroperty, "-Greenlawn Farm." Mr. Whitaker Avas married in Peoria county to Miss Emma OK TOUI.ON TOAVNSIIII' 415 Levitt, daughter of Robert Levitt. She departed this life August 24, 1870, leaving tAvo sons, Andrew G. and Harry. He remarried Miss Sarah Hughes, daughter of Price Hughes a native of London, Eng., who came to this country in 1853, and settled in Peoria county. They are the jiarents of two sons and three daughters, Emma, Ida May, Mor- roAV, Garfield and Sarah. Mr. ancl Mrs. Whitaker are both members of the Methodist church. He has held a membership with it since nineteen years of age, ancl she since the age of fifteen years. Britain Whiffen, born at Kimbolton, Eng., in 18o5, came to the United States in 1848, ancl to Wyoming in 1850, Avhere he Avas one of the first members of Lodge 244, Independent Order of Odd FelloAvs. He died here December 5, 1879. John Whitcher, a member of Company I, Sixty-fifth Illinois Volun teer Infantry, died at Wyoming, May 15, 1880. William Williams, born in 1794, came to America in 1839, to Knox county, 111., in 1840, to Toulon in 1855, died at Hastings, Neb., Janu ary 6, 1885. Mrs. Davis LoAvman is his daughter. Capt. Benjamin Williams, aaIio died while in the union sendee, January 1, 1864, was his son. Warren Williams. {Vide General and Township history.) Marshall Winn, son of Thomas ancl Mary A. (Johnson) Winn, Avas born in Toulon toAvnshiji, AjXl 18, 1842. His father was born in Ken tucky, ancl grandfather in Ireland. The latter came to America prior to the reA'olution, and serA'ed as fifer and fighter throughout, under "Mad Anthony Wayne" (a son of a felloAA'-countryman) until the sur render of CornAvallis ancl all his army at Yorktown in 1782. The Winns Avere among the jiioneers of Stark county, as noted in other pages, and here the men of the present time Avere raised ancl educated. In August, 1862, Marshall AVinn enlisted in Company II, First NeAV York Marine Artillery, and Avas sent to Staten Island, N. Y., to enter on coast service, making first trip to North Carolina, but spent greater part of time on the United States gunboat "AXlette"; again was tem- porarily attached to Seventeenth Massachusetts Infantry ; Avas jireserit at the battles of SouthAvest Creek or Kingston, AVhitehall, Dudley Sta- . tion ancl Goldsboro, all in North Carolina. On the close of this cam paign, he resumed service on the " Vidette," and, in February, 1863, jiarticipated in the exjoedition against Charleston, S. G, under Dupont. On abandoning the attack, the men Avere returned to Hilton Head, ancl mustered out in April, 1863. Returning home, he remained here until Alarch, 1864, Avhen he enlisted in Battery A, Second Illinois Artillery, or Peoria Artillery, joining the command at XeAV Orleans in April, and serA'ing there until July, 1864, Avhen he joined in the expe dition against Mobile; Avas at the capture of Fort Gaines and Morgan, Ala.; returned to New Orleans, Avhere the battery Avas dismounted, converted into heavy artillery, and ordered to Fort Brashier, January, 1865. In July of that year, he received honorable discharge, ancl, returning to Toulon, engaged in his trade. In December, 1866, he moved to Wyoming, where he established his harness ancl saddle shop, noAv in operation about twenty years. He Avas married at Lafayette, Stark county, to Miss Cedelia L. Shore, daughter of John and Mary 416 BIOGRAPHY' AND REMINISCENCES A. (Brandenburg) Shore, old settlers of that village. John Shore came from Eugland, his Avife from Maryland. Mrs. and Mr. Winn are the parents of one son, Edgar A., noAv in high school. Mr. Winn is an official of the Baptist society here, an old member of DeWolf Post, Grand Army of the Republic, and jiresent commander, and has ahvays been a staunch republican, and a zealous worker in the cause of tem perance, He does not seek public office, but devotes the time Avhich candiclatential duties might require to painting and drawing, arts which have claimed some attention from him since 1876. James Woods, born in Brown county. Ohio, in 1808, married Par- memia Estis in 1831, moAred to Stark county in 1857 and became a most active teniperance Avorker. He died here December 3, 1878. Stephen G. Worley, now upAvards of 80 years of age, moved from Wyoming to Henry county in 1852. In 1850 he Avas a candidate for sheriff. Rev. S. G. Wright. {Vide history of Congregational Church of Toulon. William Wilberforce Wright, son of William W. ancl Annie M. (Oreighton) Wright, old settlers of Fulton county. 111., was born near Canton, 111., September 10, 1842. His father AA'as a native of Hanover, N. II. , Avhere his ancestry dates back to 1665 ; and mother, a daughter of John Creighton, of Cavan county, Ireland, Avho with her husband moved to Fulton county in 1835, and to Stark county in 1851. Mr. Wright, Sr., was killed at Resaca, Ga.,as stated in the military chapter, his remains taken to Toulon, ancl the G. A. R. Post at Toulon is named in his honor. His motto was: "The fittest place for man to die is Avhere he dies for man." Judge Wright jiassed his earlier years on the farm in Goshen toAvnship, ancl attended school, completing his educa tion at the Galva High School. During the Avar he served in the 139th 111. Inf.; studied laAv, ancl on November 13, 1866, Avas admitted an at torn ey-at-1 a av at Mt. Arernon, 111. Since that time he has served as Master in Chancery for a, term. In 1873 he Avas elected county judge on the Republican ticket over Davis Lowman, on the A. M. R, ticket by 90 majority ; and has held that office doAvn to the present time. In 1884 he AA'as delegate from the 10th district to the Republican National Convention, ancl may be said to be one of the staun chest and most up right supporters of the great jiolitical party, of Avhich he has been a member since his youth. He Avas married at Graceville, Putnam county, to Miss Mary, daughter of J. W. Hopkins, president of the National Bank, Peru. Their children are Eleanor M., William W., and Helen G. A little one named Mary lies in the family lot in the Graceville cemetery. Mrs. Wright is a graduate of the Boston Conservatory of music. In the social and religious circles of Toulon and indeed of the count}', Judge ancl Mrs. AVright haA^e been very active, earnest Avork- crs. No matter where we search in the sketches of Toulon toAvnship, or in some of the chapters of the general history, their names are found ahvays among the builders up and supporters and workers in one or other of the institutions that exalt by precedent and example. Susan D. Wriyht, daughter of Orrin Maxfield, died. September 23, 1856. Mrs. MinerA'a, wife of Rev. Samuel G. Wright, died at Brook- OP TOULON TOWNSHIP. 417 ville, Kansas, September 14, 1879, aged 03 A'ears. 0. AV. AVright, a druggist, of Toulon, died March 9, 1884. Miss Wright, his daughter, resides at Wyoming. John Wrigley, of the banking house of Scott & Wrigley, Avas born in Lancashire, Eng., March 18, 1829. His jiaternal grandfather, John Wrigley, Avas a manufacturer of cotton goods at the A'illage of Gigg, Eng., and reared a family of seven children ; three boys and foor girls. The eldest of his sons, folloAving the natural inclination of the family, engaged in the manufacture of cotton goods at Glossup, ancl other branches of the family noAv carry on the largest jiaper mill in England at lleepbridge near Berry. Mr. Wrigley Avas a man Avidely knoAvn, and his brother Avas one of the prominent Methodist ministers in that vicinity. Edmund- Wrigley, the youngest child of the family, learned the trade of a Aveaver Avhen but a boy. His chances for obtaining an education Avere but limited ; but by industri ous apjdication he obtained a jiractical one, that Avas considered good for those days. At the age of tAventy-tAvo years he married Miss Alice HoAvarth, the daughter of Samuel ancl Alice (Collins) Howarth. Her father's people Avere farmers, and her mother's, manufacturers. She was born upon the farm on Avhich later Avas built the village of Hooleybridge. She Avas a good tailoress, Avhich occujiation she fol- loAved in connection Avith the home duties until 1816, when in her tAventy-third year she Avas married to Edmund Wrigley. They at once removed to Bamford, Avhere Mr. W. became salesman and finan cial agent of the Dearden Collieries. Here for tAventy years they remained, and then her husband became a gardener near the same place, in Avhich business he continued until 1854, when, leaving his wife in England, he proceeded on a prospecting trip to America. He came at once to Stark county, Avhere he remained until, hearing of his Avife's serious illness he hastened to return to his native land ; but before reaching it, his faithful wife had jiassed from earth, in her sixtieth year. The following sjiring he returned to America, bringing Avith him the younger members of his family, and his second wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Wrigley, to Avhom he Avas married just prior to starting. The remainder of his life Avas spent in general Avork in Yalley town- shij), Avhere he purchased a farm. In 1872, Avhile three of his children Avere on a visit to the old home and friends in England, he passed from earth's cares in his seventy-fifth year. The first Avife bore him nine children, Mary, deceased ; Annie, Mrs. Thomas HeyAvood, of Wyom ing; Charlotte and Samuel; both died in infancy. Betsy, Mrs. J. T. Eagleston, of Penn tOAvnship ; John, our subject ; Samuel, of A'alley toAvnship ; Sarah died in girlhood ; Jane, who married Mr. II. Ingram. of Essex tOAvnship, deceased ; Alice, Mrs. George Kerns, of Toulon toAvnship. The children of his second marriage are, James and Edmund, in Nebraska, and Robert, in Peoria county, Illinois. Mr. Wrigley had been a member of the Odd FelloAvs in England. John Wrigley resided at Bamford on the river Roach, until 1850, Avhen in his t Aventy -first year he formed an attachment for ancl became betrothed to Miss Ann Buckley, the daughter of John ancl Ellen Buckley, Avho Avas born in 1827, and had spent her earlier life as a mill operative in her 25 418 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES native town. Realizing that the chance for advancement in his native land was poor, he turned his thoughts toward a foreign shore, but Avas undecided between Australia, Cape Colony, and America. He finally decided in favor of the latter. His finances Avere so limited that he Avas compelled to accept assistance from various friends to pay his ex penses to the neAV world. Landing at NeAV Orleans he proceeded at once to Peoria, where for a Avhile he engaged in his trade of black smithing and steel- Avorking, which he learned in England. A feAv Aveeks later he removed to Wyoming, and there remained working at the forge for tAvelve years. In 1852, after largely repaying the bor roAved amounts, he sent to Europe for his betrothed wife, who, coming to Wyoming, they were married here May 2, 1852. In 1863 Mr. Wrig ley formed a partnership Avith G. W. Scott for the purjiose of engagin g in the general mercantile business, and this partnership continued until 1869, Avhen they sold out their business, and in January, 1870, estab lished their banking house and real-estate business. In this latter, as in all his other undertakings, Mr. Wrigley has been very successful, and the firm has prospered, jirobably doing a larger business and handling more real estate than any other in the county. Mr. Wrigley is a mem ber of the Congregational church, and for years was one of the leaders of the choir. He is a Master Mason of Lodge No. 479, a Royal Arch Mason of Lodge No. 133, and a Sir Knight of the Peoria Commandery No. 3. Politically he is a rejmblican. In short, he is one of the brightest examjiles of a self-made man that the county can furnish, ancl his example may Avell be followed. He has done much for the ach'ancement not only of himself, but also for his toAvnship ancl his county. Mrs. Wrigley is a woman highly esteemed by all, a member of the Congregational church and also of the Eastern Star chapter. No children have ever been born to them, but several have been raised ancl educated by them. ( Vide history of County and Toulon and Valley.) David De Wolf. — In closing this chapter a reference must be made to Captain David De Wolf. He enlisted early in the Avar from this place, ancl was commissioned captain of Company K, 47th Illinois Infantry, a company he Avas instrumental in recruiting. He Avas knoAvn by his comrades to be an honorable, conscientious, and brave officer, ancl fell mortally Avounded, ancl lived but a few minutes, Avhile leading his company in a desperate charge at the Battle of Corinth, Mississippi. As stated in the history of De Wolf Post, the organiza tion is named in his honor. Mrs. Keziah {Dextei) Young, born at China, Me., in 1799, married Stephen Young in 1822, came with him to Toulon, and died here Feb ruary 3, 1886. Her son died here July 22, 1886. B. F. Young died in July, ancl Avas interred July 22, 1886. His sons, Walter and Frank Young, who resided at Geneva, Neb., arrived in time to see this old settler take his last sleej). His resolution to see them extended his lease of life at least a day. DeWolf Post, G. A. R. — The history of this post Avas just obtained in time to have its place among the societies of Wyoming. The roster Avas just delivered as the printers Avere setting up the last paragraph OF TOULON TOWNSHIP. 419 of this chapter, so that soldiers can realize Avhat a " Forlorn II ojie " the capture of this part of the Avork appeared to the writer to be. He is indebted to the Post Commander for this roster, for all attempts made by him to obtain the register from the officials, and thus make a complete roster and record of members, Avere not successful. The roster is as folloAvs : Armstrong, Alfred B., E 112, 111. Inf. Alderman, Michael, E 112, 111. Inf. Beall, William, B 7, 111. Inf. Beman, David, F 124, 111. Inf. Boyer, Wellington H., E 151, 111. Inf. t Cosgrove, Hugh J., B 7, 111. Inf. JCopestake, John C, — 114, 111. Inf. Crone, Thomas, B 7, 111. Inf. Cross, William J., 1 151, 111. Inf. ' *Colhurn, Carey G., E 112, 111. Inf. Dixon, William, K47, 111. Inf. * Dugdale, Thomas, E 90, 111. Inf. Ditman, James, B 7, 111. Inf. Foreman, Harvey J., E 86, 111. Inf. Graves, Jacob, E 148, Ohio Inf. § Hawks, John, K 47, 111. Inf. * Holgate, William, E 112, 111. Inf. Hanchett, Ancil H., E 112, 111. Inf. Harvey, John, E 112, 111. Inf. Hamilton, Charles F., E 86, 111. Inf. Hochstrasser, H. H., I 65, 111. Inf. Jordan, John, B 7, 111. Inf. Kinney, James, F 7, Ohio Cav. Kellogg, Edwin J., F 146, 111. Inf. * Kerns, David, -E 112, 111. Inf. Kellogg, Dennis D., A 17, 111. Inf. Lane, Peter, E 38, 111. Inf. McDaniels, Jacob, F 65, 111. Inf. Moats, John, B 112, 111. Inf. Morse, N. B., G 83, 111. Inf. Murna, George, E 13, Iowa Inf. Maloney, Patrick, A 5, Ohio Inf. McCorkle, Charles P., F 13, N. Y. H. A. Nash, Leroy, A 2, 111. L. A. f Otman, S. F., E 112, 111. Inf. Oakley, John Hoyt, Bl.N.Y.L. A. | Pierce, Allen M., — 139, 111. Inf. Pratt, Franklin, B 7, 111. Inf. Price, John W., A 65, 111. Inf. Peve, Joseph, H 51, 111. Inf. Selders, Thomas, E 86, 111. Inf. Sparr, Matthew M., H 3, Cal. Simmons, A., A 11, Kan. Cav. Timmons, Frank, K 86, 111. Inf. Timmons, Ananias, E 112, 111. Inf. Thurston, Hiram, K 42, 111. Inf. Thomas, William B,, E 17, 111. Inf. White, John G, K 47, 111. Inf. Winn, Marshall, A 2, 111. L. A. Wolf, Alfred D., I 5, W. Va. Cav. * Prisoner in hands of Rebels; f Captain; J Surgeon; | Assistant Surgeon; § Second Lieutenant. The present officers of the Post, as elected for 1887, are as follows : Marshall Winn, Commander ; Alfred D. Wolf, S. Y. Commander ; A. Simmons, J. Y. Commander; N. B. Morse, Surgeon; John Hawks, Chaplain; James Kinney, Officer of the Day; John Jordan, Quarter master ; Thomas Dugdale, Officer of the Guard ; Charles F. Hamilton, Adjutant. CHAPTER NYII. KLMIRA TOWNSHIP. PERIOD of time, little over half a century, has passed aAvay since the American pioneers of this division of the county made their first settlements here. Those years have been rejilete Avith changes, social, political, religious, even physical change. The visitor of today, ignorant of the past history of Elmira, could scarcely realize the fact that within five decades a large population greAV up, Avhere, in the second quarter of the Nineteenth Century, Indian tepees stood, and the savages themselves had worn the Avar- jiaint and retained their scalp-belts. The peojile have not only increased in number, but also in wealth, refinement and all those characteristics of advancement Avhich mark the older settlements of the North Atlantic states. Culth'ated fields now occujry the hunting grounds of the aboriginal races; while a people endoAved Avith the highest faculties have taken the place of the Illinois and Pottawatomies themselves. There are but feAv left of the old landmarks — still a smaller number of old settlers. Civiliza tion ancl its demands have conspired to raze ever}' monument of the red man — to obliterate almost every trace of bis occupancy. Old time, too, has not looked calmly on ; but, by Avay of reprisal, has driven many a jiioneer to the promised land beyond the grave, or led others from the old homestead AvestAvard in the track of the Indians, to reenact beyond the Mississippi the drama of early settle ment. As a general rule, the men ancl women avIio first settled in this toAvnship were fearless, self-reliant and industrious. No matter from Avhat state or what country they came, there was a, similarity of char acter. In birth, education, language and religion, there. Avere differ ences ; but such differences did not interfere Avith harmony; on the contrary, they Avere lost in association ; forgotten in that common inter est which united all. In such a community there Avas a hospitality, a kindness, a benevolence, and high above all, a charity, unknown and unpracticed among the older, richer and more densely populated set tlements of trans-Alleghany counties, just in the same manner, per- hajis, as there Avas a higher faith animating the early Christians than that Avhich marks our latter day Christianity. The very nature of the surroundings of those pioneers taught them to feel each other's Avoe, to share each other's joy, and live in communal integrity. Therefore it is not strange that, among the old settlers of this toAvnshij), a deeji- seatcd friendshiji existed and greAv ancl strengthened with their advancing years. The incidents peculiar to life in a new country — the privations and trials of early settlement in the Avilderness, were ' 420 KLMIBA TOAVNSHIP. 421 Avell calculated to test, not only the physical poAvers of endurance, but also the moral, kind, generous attributes of true womanhood and man hood ; and bring to the surface all that Avas in them of good or evil. In this chapter, taken in connection with others, a full effort is made to deal in a thorough manner Avith the pioneers and old settlers. Almost the Avhole story is based upon the authority of records, and thus, at least, claims authenticity — a fact which must go'far to com pensate for the absence of legendary or unauthenticated relations. This division of the county is certainly one of the fairest parts of Illinois. Prior to 1834, it was a common hunting-ground for the Indians, and even that year the pojiulation of the settlement therein was made up of two families. In 1835 the Peoria colony arrived, set tlements extended, and Avithin forty-five years the number of residents increased to 978, including the population of Osceola, sixty-nine, and of Elmira, eighty-four. With the exception of the Avild land, along Spoon river, the toAvnship presents a rare scene of pastoral beauty. With very feAv exceptions, the homes of the peojile may be classed as residences, for they are generally large houses, surrounded by av ell- kept lawns or gardens — in every house a library, ancl in eA'ery garden, fioAvers. The fields, too, are laid out regularly, enclosed by Osage orange hedges, and in each miniature swail, a fine or grove of avUIoavs, sometimes trimmed to correspond with the hedge, but oftener alloAved to attain full growth for shade or shelter. On the Avest and north the townshij) is bounded by Henry ancl Bureau counties, on the east by Osceola Township, ancl on the south by Toulon Township. The coal fields of the toAvnship are extensive, but the industry has not claimed much attention. One mile north of Elmira post office, is Thomas OhVer's coal shaft, opened in the winter of 1885-86. The coal produced is large block, equal to any hitherto mined in the county. There are small outcrops in the river region of the toAvnship, Avhich have been Avorked for years. Native and cultivated groves are scat tered throughout the toAvnshiji, Avhile in the river valley plenty of na tive timber is still to be found. In a feAv instances, as at Dr. Board- man's, groves of thrifty pine are found, ancl on the lawns several spe cies of ornamental pine, junrper and cedar find a home. The progress of the district Avithin a half century Avas entirely unexpected by the great majority of the pioneers. Robert Hall in his reminiscences of 1837, relates that Avhile aiding in building a barn for Major Robert Moore, the son of the latter, noAv of Toulon, remarked that the time Avould come Avhen a railroad Avould stretch across the prairies from Chicago to Burlington through this county. Mr. Hall thought over the matter, conversed Avith other pioneers, ancl ultimately appealed to David Currier for an opinion. The latter declared emphatically, that the " projihet was crazy." The prophets in other branches Avere also set doAvn as a species of madmen. The original entries of the lands of Elmira, with the names of pres ent owners of farm tracts, are jilaced on record as follows : Matthew B. Parks, lot 2, and E. hf. lot 1, n. e. qr., sec. 1. March 11, 1852. Mat thew B. Parks and W. Parks. William Briggs, av. hf. lot 1, n. e. qr. and all of n. w. qr., sec. 1. July 23, 1851. Ditto. 422 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Preston McClellan, s. av. qr., n. e. qr. sec. 1 ; July 23, 1851. Charles Stuart. Godfrey Reemer, s.e. qr. n. e. qr., sec. 1; Oct. 6, 1817. C. Stuart and J. E. Gardner. Aaron Harvey, lot 2, e. hf. lot 1, w. hf. lot 1, n. e. qr., sec. 2; Nov. 28, 1849. Rob ert Hall, all n. e.qr. Aaron Harvey, lot 2, n.w. qr. and s, hf . n.w. qr., sec. 2; Nov. 28, 1849; Robert Hall, all n. e. qr; Aaron Harvey, s. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 2; Nov. 10, 1843. John Bates, e. side n. w. qr. Robert Hall, e. hf. lot 1, n. e. qr. sec. 2; Dec 6, 1850. Geo. W. Eyer, w. side n. w. qr. James Thomas, s. w. qr. sec. 2; Jan. 29, 1818. Robert Hall, n. hf. of s. w. qr. Al gernon P. Spencer, s. hf. s. w. qr. William Shepherd, s. e. qr., sec. 2; Jan. 29, 1818. Simeon Spencer, s. e. qr. Thomas Hamilton, n. e. fr. and n. e. qr , s. e.., qr., sec. 3; Nov. 7, 1851. John Ham ilton, n. hi, G. W. Eyer, s. hf. . John T. Sturm, e. hf. lot 1, n. w. qr., sec. 3; March 7, 1851. David Currier, all n. av. and s. w. qr. John Dement, w. hf. lot 1 and lot 2, n. w. qr. sec. 3; March 7, 1851. David Currier, in n. w. and s. w. qr. David Currier, n. e. qr. ; s. w., sec. 3; July 2, 1852. John Dement, w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 3; Dec. 12, 1849. Geo. W. Eyer, n. e. qr. of s. e. qr. Charles Dement, s. e. qr. s. w. qr. and w. hf. of s. e. qr. sec. 3; April 18, 1853. M. B. and J. Parks, w. hf. of s. e, qr. Aaron Harvey, s. e. qr. s. e. qr., sec. 3; Jan. 28, 1852. Isaace Spencer, s. e.qr. of s. e. qr. Ewen Davis, n. hf. and s. w. qr., and e. hf. lot 1, n. e. qr., sec. 4; July 7, 1847. Ew- en Davis, n. e. qr. John Dement, lot 2; s. e. hf. lotl, n. av. qr., sec. 4; Nov. 21, 1849. Ewen Davis, e. side n. w. qr. M. A. Green and W. F. Beatty, w. hf. lot 1, sec. 4; Nov. 3, 1849. John G. Turnbull, w. side n. w. qr. Reuben Close, s. w. qr., sec. 4; July 16, 1818. John G. Turnbull, e. hf. s. w. qr. John Anderson, w. hf. s. av. qr. I. Spencer and W. B. Bunnell, n. e. qr. s. e. qr., sec. 4; May 27, 1854. Case heirs, n. w. cor. s. w. qr. John Lyle, n. w. qr. s. e. qr., sec. 4, Sept. 12, 1851. Ewen Da\ds, n. hf. s. e. qr. John Disbrow, s. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 4, April 3, 1852. James Green, s. hf. s. hf. s. e. qr. John Dement, lots 1 and 2, n. e. qr., sec. 5: Nov. 21, 1849. John G. Turnbull, n. e. qr. John Dement, n. w. qr., sec. 5; Nov. 21, 1849. John G. Turnbull, e. side n. w. qr. James Murphy estate, n. w. qr. John Hughes', s. w. qr., sec. 5.; Feb. 24, 1818. Ewen Davis, e. hf. John M. Hatch, w. hf. Charles Armstrong, s. e. qr., sec. 5; Feb. 24, 1818. John G. Turnbull, s. e. qr. Thomas Lyle, lots 1 and 2 n. e. qr. and lot 2 n. w. fr. sec. 6; Sept. 5, 1851. John M. Hatch, n. e. qr. sec. 6. Wm. Lyle, w. hf. lot 1 and s. e. qr., n. w. fr. qr., sec. 6; Feb. 2, 1851; Feb. 12, 1846. Tunnard Longmate, n. w. qr. Wm. Lyle, s. w. fr. qr., sec. 6. ; Feb. 3, 1851. Franklin Lyle, s. w. qr. Wm. Walsh, s. e. qr., sec. 6; Nov. 14,1818. Carlos S. Smith, s. e. qr. Elias B. Siles, n. e. qr. ; (cancelled). Joseph Park, n. e. qr., sec. 7; March 27, 1852. Tunnard Longmate, e. side, n. e. qr. ; Joseph Park, middle of n. e. qr ; William- Anderson, w. side of n. e. qr. John Lyle, n. w. f. qr., sec. 7; Aug. 6, 1851. A. C. Smith, G. Purdom, J. Pask. Alex. Murchison. lot 1, and n. hf. lot 2, s. w. qr., sec. 7; Jan. 25, 1851. John Mc- Rae, guardian. Thomas Lyk, s. hf. lot 2, s. w. qr., sec. 7; Jan. 14, 1851. John McRae, guardian. John Flemming, s. e. qr., sec. 7; Oct. 14, 1818. Ann Park. A. O. Smith, n. e. qr., sec. 8; May 6, 1818. J. M Hatch, e. hf.; D. Murray, av. hf. David Armstead, n. av. qr., sec. 8; May 6, 1818. D. Murray, n. w. qr. Owen Reese, s. w. qr., sec. 8; Oct. 18. 1851. D. McLennan, D. Murray, Jos. Pask. Richard Lloyd, s. e. qr. , sec. 8; Sep. 29, 1852. Adam Jackson. R. Kern, n. e. qr., sec. 9; April 14, 1818. Jas. Green, n. hf.; Jos. Armstrong, s. hf. Jacob Martin, n. w. qr., sec. 9; April 14, 1818. John M. Hatch, n. w. qr. Jas. Arey, s. w. qr., sec. 9; Nov. 29, 1817. W. Turnbull, e. hi'.; A. Jackson, w. hf. KIJAIIRA TOAVNSHir. 423 Henry Atkins, s. e. qr., sec. 9; Nov. 29, 1817. W. G. Perkins, s. c. qr. John Hamilton, n. e. qr., sec. 10; Nov. 21, 1851. J. Hamilton, n. e. qr. of n. e. qr. Madison Weaver, P. C.Rear, John G. Turnbull, and Alex. Turnbull, small lots on n. e. qr. John Bates, s. w. qr. of n. w. qr., sec. 10; March 5, 1851. J. G. Turnbull, J. ,Green, John Bates, Robert Hall, S. R. Scott, lots on n. w. qr, John Dement, n. hf., n. w, qr., sec. 10; Dec. 12, 1849. J. Hall, s. e. qr., n. w. qr., sec. 10; Jan. 24, 1844. Thomas Lyle, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 10; June 21, 1843. J. T. Currier, Sam. Macock, Asa Bunton, Adam Jackson, John McBeath, D. Fulk, Franklin Lyle, Charles Stuart, W. G. Perkins, lot owners on s. w. qr. Leonard Carter, n. w. qr. s. w. qr., sec. 10; Feb. 19, 1845. Small lots on above. W. Lyle. s. w. qr. s. w. qr., sec. 10; Feb. 14, 1844. Small lots on above. Isaac Spencer, s. e. qr., sec. 10; May 15, 1843. Isaac Spencer, s. e. qr. Thomas Madden, n. e. qr. , sec. 11; June 8, 1818. Isaac Spencer, 153J^ acres of n. e. qr. On the 63^ acres are the Baptist Church, Milo Boardman, E. O. Boardman, Samuel Mix, J. C. Meigs, W. V. Wolff and George Currier. O. Whittaker, w. hf. and e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 11; Nov. 10, 1843. W. H. Hill, n. w. qr. Richard Gates, s, w. qr., sec. 11; Dec. 3, 1817. Chas. Busswell's 90 acres on s. side, s. w. qr. ; I. M. Spencer's 65% acres on n. side, s. w. qr. ; other small lots on the n. side, s. w. qr. Charles Smith, s. e. qr., sec. 11; Dec. 3, 1817. Chas. Busswell, s. e. qr. or 145 acres. Other small lots on s. e. qr. Mary Jones, n. e. qr., sec. 12; Oct. 6, 1817. W. W. Busswell, n. e. qr., sec. 12. Fred. Jenkins, n. w, qr., sec. 11; Oct, 6, 1817. T. J. Turnbull Bros., 140 acres on n. w. qr. ; Charles Stewart, 20 acres on n. w. qr. Daniel Crottnell, s. w. qr., sec. 11; Feb. 9, 1818. John G. Turnbull, 117 acres on s. w. qr. ; L. H. Austin, 43 acres on s. w. qr. James Patterson, s. e. qr., sec. 11; Feb. 9, 1818. Russell C. Briggs, 160 acres. Moses Sears, n. e. qr., sec. 13; Feb. 24, 1818. Russell C. Briggs, 160 acres. Richard Howard, n. w. qr., sec, 13; Feb. 24, 1818. Russell C. Briggs, 160 acres. Henry Shannon, s. w. qr. , sec. 13; Jan. 1, 1818. D. Fulk, A. F. Winslow, s. av. qr. Ephraim Small, s. e. qr., sec. 13; Jan. 1, 1818. D. Fulk, A. F. Winslow, s. e. qr. John Carroll/n. hf. n. e. qr. , and e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 14; Nov, 28, 1849. D. Fulk, L. B. Thompson, J. G. Turnbull, on n. e. qr. R. M. Moore, s. w. qr. n. e. qr., sec. 14; Feb. 7, 1848. Same. Thomas Lyle, s. e. qr. n. e. qr., sec. 14; Oct. 19, 1852. Same. Riley Chamberlain, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 14; Nov. 10, 1843. Joshua Gilfillan, Mrs. H. J. Boardman, T. J. Turnbull Bros., C. P. Buswell, R. Grieve, Henry Scott, W. W. Buswell, E. O. Boardman, on n. w. qr. C. L. Winslow, w. hf. and e. hf. s. av. qr., sec. 14; Nov. 10, 1843. D. Hudson, C. Fuller, O. Brace, Iantha Brace, Lucy Brace, M. M. Brace, C. H. Brace, S. B. Spencer, E. P. Wright, C. Girvin, on s. w. qr. Wm. Hall, e. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 14; Feb. 11, 1851. William Hall, s. e. qr. Wm. Hall, w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 14; Nov. 10, 1843. Wm. Parks, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 15; Feb. 19, 1845. G. C. Parks, Wm. Parks, Ewen Davis, Thomas Oliver, H. H. Oliver, A. Oliver, on n. e. qr. Ewen Davis, n. w. qr. n. e. qr., see. 15; Nov. 21, 1849. D. Murray, H. H. Oliver, John Anderson, Wm. Stevenson, Alex. Rule, n. w. qr. Adam Oliver, s. w. qr. n. e. qr., sec. 15; Feb. 19, 1845. Moses. H. Weaver, Abel Armstrong. Robert Rule, n. e. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 15; Jan. 20, 1853. John McRae, W. M. Fuller, Moses H. Weaver, John Turnbull, on s. w. qr. John McClennan, n. w. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 15; July 21; 1852. Jerome Porter, s. w. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 15; Feb. 17, 1853. John Turnbull, 70 acres; James Turnbull, 10 acres; and Adam Oliver, 40 acres. Carlos B. Lyle, Mary L. Bunton, John Lyle, W. and D. Jackson, 20 acres each on sec. 15. Oliver H, Smith, s. e. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 15; Jan. 10; 1852. Ambrose Fuller, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 15; Nov. 10, 1843. Thomas Lyle, n. w. qr. s. w. qr., sec. 15; Oct. 20, 1852. John Turnbull, s. w. qr. s. w. qr., sec. 15; Jan. 23, 1850. John Turnbull, e. hf. s. e: qr., sec. 15; Nov. 10, 1843. John Lyle, w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 15; Jan. 12, 1843. John M. Hatch, lot 1, sec. 16; Jan. 1, 1852. S. D. Stoughton, 43 acres. . John Leason, lot 2, sec. 16; Dec. 23, 1847. James McKeighan, 36% acres. 424 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. George White, lot 3, sec. 16; Nov. 15, 1845. Wm. Turnbull, 140 acres. Philip Munson, lot 4, sec. 16; June 17, 1845. W. D. Blanchard, 20 acres. Wm. Turnbull. lots 5 and 7, sec. 16; Sep. 26, 1849. J. H. Turnbull, 120 acres. Richard P. Belangey, lots 6 and 8, sec. 16; April 16, 1850. J. Turnbull, 80 acres. Joseph Blanchard, lot 9, sec. 16; Nov. 15, 1848. E. B. Boardman, 40% acres. David W. Bennett, lot 10, sec. 16; Dec. 24, 1847. Chas. Decker, 40 acres. John A. GrisAvold, lot 11, sec. 16; Dec. 4, 1847. Moses H. Weaver, 22% acres. Lewis Fitch and Ezra Hines, lot 12, sec. 16; Dec. 4, 1847. G. B. Spencer, 9 acres. John Pollok, lot 13, sec. 16; Dec. 3, 1847. John McRae, 79% acres. Nelson Bonham, lot 14, sec. 16; Dec. 3, 1847. Isaac Spencer, 4% acres. I. Spencer and Wm. Hall, lot 15, sec. 16; May 19, 1845. C. M. S. Lyon, 2 acres. Wm. Winter, lot 16, sec. 16; May 19, 1845. Thomas W. Rule, 1 acre. John Leason, lot 17, sec. 16; May 19. 1845. Wm. Fowler, H acre. Lewis Austin, lot 18, sec. 16; Nov. 23, 1847. Samuel Maycock and Jas. Kins, lot 19, sec. 16; Feb. 6, 1847. John Round and J. Dack, lot 20, sec. 16; July 19, 1847. Henry J. Rhodes, lots 21 and 22, sec. 16; Nov. 23, 1847. N. Wilson Rhodes, lot 23, sec. 16; Nov. 23, 1847. Myrtle G. Brace, lot 24, sec. 16; Nov. 30, 1846. Jonathan Hodgson, lot 25, sec. 16; Dec. 4, 1847. - Robert Mitchell, lot 26, sec. 16; Jan. 12, 1848. John Leason, lot 27, sec. 16; Dec. 23, 1847. H. R. Halsey, lot 28, sec. 16; Jan. 20, 1848. Philip Munson, lot 29, sec. 16; June 17, 1845. John Turnbull, lot 30, sec. 16; June 7, 1851. John Leason, lot 31, sec. 16; Dec. 3, 1847. G. Roberts, n. e. qr., sec. 17; Feb. 9, 1818. J. H. McLennan, n. e. qr. J. Stenbert, n. w. qr., sec. 17; Feb. 9, 1818. Duncan McClennan, n. av. qr. Michael Conway, s. w. qr. , sec. 17; Nov. 22, 1817. Robert Armstrong, s. w. qr. Aaron Burbank, s. e. qr., sec. 17; Nov. 21, 1817. Carlos B. Lyle, s. e. qr. Rufus Bastin, n. e. qr. , sec. 18; Feb. 14, 1818. Mary L. Bunton, n. e. qr. Alex. Murchison, n. hf. lot 1, n. w. fr. qr. , sec. 18; Jan. 25, 1851. Alex. Murchison, n.w. qr. Duncan Murchison, s. hf. lot 1, n. w. fr. qr., sec. 18; July 2, 1851. John Lyle, lot 2, n. w. fr. qr., see. 18; Aug. 6, 1851. Robert Rule, n. hf. lot 1, s. w. w. qr., sec. 18; Aug. 15, 1851. Thomas Lyle, s. hf. lot 1, s. w. qr. , sec. 18; Jan. 14, 1851. Harrison Cole, s. w. qr. Robert Rule, n. hf. lot 2, s. w. qr., sec. 18; June 13, 1851. Robert Rule, s. hf. lot 2, s. w. qr., sec. 18; April 8, 1851. Rufus Bastin, s. e. qr. sec. 18; Feb. 14, 1818. Mary L. Bunton, s. e. qr. Francis Herbert, n. e. qr. sec. 19; May 5, 1818. Donald McDonald, n. e. qr. Robert Rule, n. hf. lot 1, n. w. qr. sec. 19; March 21, 1851. Mary Buchanan e. side, n. w. qr. Robert Rule, n. w. qr. of n. av. qr. sec. 19; July 14, 1847. Betsy Buchanan, w. side, n. w. qr. Robert Rule, s. hf. lot 2, n. av. qr. sec. 19; Sept. 28, 1849. Robert Rule, s. hf. lotl, n. w. qr. sec. 19; Sept. 28, 1849. John McLennan, lot 1, s. w. qr. sec. 19; March 13, 1851. John McLennon, est. s. w. qr. Barbara McLennan, n. hf. lot 2, s. w. qr. sec. 19; Nov. 17, 1848. John McLennon, s. hf. lot 2, s. w. qr. sec. 19; March 13, 1851. Duncan McLennan, est. s. e. cor. of s. w. qr. and s. e. qr. Daniel Gaskel, s. e. qr. sec. 19; May 5, 1818. Samuel Lucas, n. e. qr. ancl n. w. qr. sec. 20; Oct. 6, 1817. Thomas Oliver, n. e. qr. and e. hf. of n. w. qr., Andrew Oliver, w. hf. n. w. qr. and Mary Mc Rae, % acre on n. w. qr. Isaac Smith, s. w. qr. sec. 20; Dec. 23, 1817. J. McRae, guardian, n. side of s. w. qr. Adam Armstrong, s. side of s. \v. qr. Ambrose Fuller, s. e. qr. sec. 20; Jan. 12, 1843. W. Henninger, A. Dore, D. J. Moon, Laton Fuller, John Stires, W. Stevenson, Isabella McDonald, trustees of Knox Church, trustees of U. P. Church, C. Fuller, W. W. Fuller, all lots on sec. 20, W. W. Fuller owning 10534' acres here. ' Richard Lloyd, e, hf. n. e. qr. sec. 21; June 30, 1852. Israel T. Hallock, 80 acres; E. R. Boardman, 79% acres ; John Turnbull, 160 acres, Robert Armstrong, 163%' acres, Horace E. Lyle, 72 acres, Geo. O. Broadman, 78 acres; AndreAv Creighton, trustees of ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 427 Knox Church, W. McBride, W. Stevenson, and M. Risedorph owners of small lots on sec. 21. Myrtle G. Brace, n. w. qr. of n. e. qr. sec. 21; July 1, 1852. Alfred Woodward, s. av. qr. of n. e. qr. sec. 21 ; June 27, 1845. John Turnbull, n. e. qr. of n. w. qr. sec 21; March 21, 1851. John Turnbull, n. w. (jr. of n. w. qr. sec 21; Sept. 26, 1851. John Turnbull, s. w. qr. of n. w. qr. sec. 21; Jan. 23, 1850. John Turnbull, s. e. qr. of n. w. qr. sec. 21; Feb. 15, 1844. William Thompson, s. w. qr. sec. 21; Feb. 26, 1818. John Barnett, s. e. qr. sec. 21; Feb. 26, ISIS. Thomas Lyle, n. hf. of n. e. qr. sec. 22; Oct. 2, 1852. Horace E. Lyle, 120 acres; I. T. Hallock, 160 acres; Brady Fowler, 40 acres; W. J. Hunt, 10; lantha Brace, 70; ('has. H. Brace, 80; David Jackson, 40; Thos. Lyle, 40; L. M. Buchanan, 80 acres. Wm. D. Blanchard, s. w. qr. of n. e. qr. sec. 22; Oct. 6, 1852. Jerome Porter, s. e. qr. of n. e. qr. sec. 22; Feb, 17, 1853. Francis Lloyd, n. w. qr. sec. 22; June 16, 1852. Elias Hughes, s. w. qr. sec. 22; June 2, 1818. John G. Turnbull, n. e. qr. of s. e. qr. sec. 22; October, 1, 1851. Alonzo Abbey, n. av. qr. of s. e. qr. , sec. 22; Feb. 9, 1853. R. Turnbull, s. av. qr. of s. e. qr., sec. 22; Feb. 15, 1844. John T. Sturm, s. e. qr. of s. e. qr., sec. 22; March 7, 1851. F. B. Hallock, 47; La ton Fuller, 10; Wm. Murray, 20; J. H. Turnbull, 7; James Medearis, 3; Clinton Fuller, 25; Henry Scott, 18; D. D.'McLennan, 10; Matthew Bell, 20, on n. e. qr. sec. 23. Malbry Palmer, n. e. qr., sec. 23; Nov, 29, 1817. John Potter, n. w. qr., sec. 23; Nov. 29, 1817. James Kidd, n. w. qr. .Elias B. Stiles, n. e. qr. of s. w. qr., sec. 23 Nov. 23, 1853. Norman H. Pratt, n. w. qr. of s. \v. qr., sec. 23; July 15, 1854. I. M. Jones, n. hf; James Kid, s. hf. s. av. qr. Thomas Lyle, s. w. qr. of s. w. qr., sec. 23; June 10, 1854. Isaac Demerick, s. e. qr. s. w. qr., sec. 23; April 28, 1853. Henry Sturm, n. e. qr of s. e. qr., sec. 23; Dec. 1, 1843. Robert Hunter, s. e. 150. Henry Sturm, w. hf. of s. e. qr. ; sec. 23; Nov. 14, 1843. Ruth Jones, n. ay. 10 acres of s. e. qr. David Morrison, s. e. qr. of s. e. qr., sec. 23; July 3, 1852. Juliana Ricker, n. av. qr and e. hf. of n. e. qr. , sec. 24; June 10, 1846. Juliana Ricker, n. e. qr. ; John Eagelston, n. w. qr. of of n. e. qr. ; R. C. Briggs, s. hf. of n. e. qr. Isaac Spencer, s. w. qr. of n. e. qr., sec. 24. Sept. 6, 1851. Wm. H. Winslow, n. w. qr. of n. w. qr., sec. 24; Feb. 3, 1851. Frank B. Hallock, and also, n. hf. of s. w. qr. of n. w. qr. Wm. H. Winslow, e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 24; Nov. 14, 1843. W. W. Winslow. Franklin Pratt, s. w. qr. of n. w. qr., sec. 24; Sept. 8, 1851. James Armstrong, s. hf. of s. w. qr. of n. w. qr. Mallhias Sturm, e. hf. and w. hf. of s. w. qr. , sec. 24; Nov. 14, 1843. Wm. Stev enson, 68% acres in s. w. qr. ; J. O. H. Spinney, D. Phenix, Homer Martin, A. Louden- burg, S. Montooth, Ann Pask, T. Mellor, Charles Wilson, owners of lots, in s. w. qr. John^ones, s. e. qr. , sec. 24; Oct. 15, 1818. David Fulk e. hf. of s. e. qr. ; Martha Morrison and W. Stevenson, w. hf. of s. e. qr. Nicholas Sturm, n. e. qr. of n. e. qr., sec 25;- March 23, 1846. Leggitt estate, e. hf. n. e. qr. Servis Austin, av. hf. of n. e. qr., sec. 25; Nov. 14, 1843. B. Fowler, Wm. Cade, Edgar Austin, W. S Austin, James Jackson, J. M. Jackson, on av. hf. n. e. qr. P. Pratt, s. e. qr. of n. e. qr., sec. 25; Jan. 25, 1844. John Leeson, n. e. qr. of n. w. qr., sec. 25; April 15, 1846. John McRae, LeAvis Austin, G. Murray, James Cinnamon, James Sturm, L. Buchanan, on n. w. qr. Benajah Orsman, w. hf. of n. w. qr. , sec. 25. July 1, 1847. W. D. Blanchard, s. e. qr. of n. w. qr. sec. 25; Sept. 24, 1847. Charles Bolt, n. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 25; March 6, 1851. Charles Vandijje, s. hf. of s. w. qr., sec. 25; Sept. 8, 1853. Charles Bolt, n. hf. of s. e. qr., sec. 25; March 6, 1851. W. & D. Jackson, 80. A. II. Loudenburg, 80 on s. w. qr; Lewis Osborne, 80, and A. H. Loudenburg, 80, on s. e. qr. Charles Van Dyke, s. w. qr. of s. qr., sec. 25; July 7, 1847. Archibald Van Dyke, s. e. qr. of s. e. qr., sec. 25; Sept. 19, 1844. Benjamin Barrett, n. e. qr., sec. 26; Nov. 29, 1817. Robert Hunter, 86; G. Murray, 74, on n. e. qr. Missing Page Missing Page 428 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. John Wood, n. av. qr., sec. 26; Nov. 29, 1817. W. & D. Jackson, 160, n. w. qr. Thomas McFailden, s. w. qr., sec. 26, Feb. 20, 1818. Miles Miner, 80; G. Murray, 80, on s. w. qr. Neely Man, s. e. qr., sec. 26; Feb. 20, 1818. Miles Miner, 77; John Kunkle, 3; Geo. S. Maynard, 80, on s. e. qr. John Crowell, n. e. qr., sec. 27; Oct. 6, 1817. Lochlin M. Buchanan. Wm. Cowenhaven, n. w. qr., sec. 27; Oct. 6, 1817. D. Jackson, 53; Thos. Jack son, 107 acres. James D. Wells, s. w. qr., sec. 27; Feb. 18, 1818. George Murray. Henry Davenport, s. e. qr., sec. 27; Feb. 18, 1818. George Murray. Jesse Stacker, n. e. qr., sec. 28; Jan. 8, 1818. Horace E. Lyle, 120; W. & D. Jack son, 40.John Vandergraft, n. w. qr., sec. 28; Jan. 7, 1818. W. & D. Jackson. Henry Eldridge, s. w. qr., sec. 28; Oct. 6, 1817. D. Hudson, 107 acres; Cinnamon, 53 acres. Bela Dexter, s. e. qr., sec. 28; Oct. 6, 1817. Lochlin Buchanan. Philip Logue, n. e. qr., sec. 29; Nov. 29, 1818. Clinton Fuller, 76%; W. M. Ful ler, 78[4 ; Robt. Armstrong, 4% acres; Mary Adams, 1 acre, on n. e. qr. Francis Lincoln, n. w. qr., sec. 29; Nov. 29, 1818. Adam Armstrong, 127; W. M. Fuller, 36 acres, on n. w. qr. James Tiner, s. w. qr., sec. 29; Jan. 1, 1818. W. M. Fuller, e. hf., and Adam Armstrong av. hf., s. w. qr. Bird Lavender, s. e. qr., sec. 29; Jan. 1, 1818. Clinton Fuller, s. e. qr. Bradford Willis, n. e. qr., sec. 30; Feb. 26, 1818. G. Armstrong, e. hf . ; P. McLen nan, w. hf . John McLennan, n. hf., lot 1, n. w. qr., sec. 30; March 13, 1851. Duncan McLen nan, n. hf. n. w. qr. Adam Oliver, s. hf., lot 1, n. w. qr., sec. 30; Sept. 29, 1851. Adam Oliver, s. hf. n. w. qr. John McLennan, n. hf., lot 2, n. w. qr,, sec. 30; June 23, 1851. Adam Oliver, s. hf ., lot 2, n. w. qr., sec. 30; Sept. 29, 1851. Wm. Oliver, lot 1, s. w. qr., sec. 30; Jan. 25, 1751. Adam Oliver, s. w. qr., 149 si. Wm. Oliver, n. hf ., lot 2, s. w. qr., sec. 30; Jan. 25, 1851 . Adam Oliver, s. hf ., lot 2, s. av. qr., sec. 30; Nov. 17, 1848. Geo. Armstrong, 2% acres, s. e. qr. Stephen Benjamin, s. e. qr., sec. 30; Feb. 6, 1818. Henry H. Oliver, s. e. qr., 157%. Charles Board, n. e. qr., sec. 31; Dec. 9, 1817. Henry H. Oliver, n. e. qr. Thomas Oliver, e. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 31; July 14, 1847. Adam Oliver 6 acres, and PI. H. Oliver 74. Andrew Oliver, w. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 31; July 14, 1847. Andrew Oliver, w. hf., 70 acres. William Oliver, s. w. qr., sec. 31; Jan. 25, 1851. Andrew Oliver, s. w. qr. Henry Cruser, s. e. qr., sec. 31; Dec. 9, 1817. Robert Armstrong, s. e. qr. John Rodgers, n. e. qr., sec. 32; Jan. 14. 1819. Robert Armstrong, n. e. qr. Henry Bradford, n. w. qr., sec. 32; Jan. 14, 1819. James Armstrong, n. w. qr. John Timherlake, s. w. qr., sec. 32; Oct. 6, 1817. George Armstrong, s. w. qr. Wm. S. Tompkins, s. e. qr., sec. 32; Oct 6, 1817. Lochlin Buchanan, 120; James Haswell, 40 acres, on s. e. qr. W. D. Blanchard, n. e. qr. of s. e. qr. and w. hf. of n. e. qr., sec33; 1843 and 1847. Lochlin Buchanan, n, hf. n. c. qr.; S. C. Flemming, 26 acres, and W. D. Blanch ard, 54 acres on n. e. qr. Lewis Bronson, n. w. qr., sec. 33; Jan. 3, 1819. James Cinnamon, n. w. qr. Timothy Weston, s. av. qr., sec. 33; April 20, 1818. A. Buchanan, e. hf.; Wm. Murry, % acre; James Haswell, w. hf . s. w. qr. JohnXhitlock, s. e. qr., sec. 33; April 20, 1818. AA'illiam Murray, s. e. qr. Benj. Jackson, n. e. qr., sec. 34; March 16, 1818. Flora Cinnamon, e. hf.; J. M. Jackson, w. hf., and Cumberland Presbyterian church, 1 acre. David Norton, n. av. qr., sec. 34; March 16, 1818. S. C. Fleming, w. hf.; Geo. Murray, e. hf. Robert Goodwin, s. w. qr. sec. 34; Feb. 2, 1818. J. M. Jackson n. side; C. Van dyke, s. side. Lewis Green, s. e. qr., sec. 34; Feb. 2, 1818. J. M. Jackson, n. side; W. Sturm, s. side. Richard Scott, n. e. qr., sec. 35; Dec. 11, 1817. Richard Scott, n. e. qr. John Davis, n. w. qr., sec. 35; Dec. 11, 1817. John Jackson, n. w. qr. ULMIRA TOAVNSHIP. 429 John Gicrs, s. w. qr., sec. 35; Feb. 4, 1818. H. Prouty, 80; Eli Mix, 80, on s. w. qr. Seeward Walters, s. e. qr., sec. 35; Feb. 4, 1818. Abram Loudenburg on s. e. qr. Conrad Sarr, n. e. qr., sec. 36; Dec. 15, 1817. E. M. Funk, 40. D. Phenix, 80; D. Fulk, 40, on n. e. qr. William Jears, jr , n. w. qr., sec. 36; Dec. 15, 1817. C. L. Gerard, n. w. qr. H. Edwards, s. w. qr., sec. 36, April 7, 1818. James Cinnamon, s. w. qr. James Joyce, s. e. qr., sec. 36; June 3, 1818. Sam'l Montooth, 88%; B. G. Rowell, 71%. First Settlement. — The settlement of the tOAvnshiji is graphically and correctly gi\'en by Mrs. Shallenberger, as folloAvs: "In December, 1835, a number of resolute men had pushed their Avay from Peoria to Avhat has since been called Osceola Grovre. Among them were James Buswell, Isaac Spencer, Thomas "Watts, Giles C. Dana, Peter Pratt and Dr. Pratt. They came out under the ausjiices of Major Robert Moore, who had obtained a map of the lands in toAvnship four teen north, range six east, designating the patent and unentered lands ; and he now encouraged emigration hither, Avith a view to building tiji a toAvn, which he had surveyed and called Osceola. Major Moore Avas an intelligent, active business man, ever ready to take advantage of circumstances and fond of adventure. He subsequently went to Ore gon, Avith one of the first parties that ever crossed the mountains Avhither his family followed him some years after, with the exception of his youngest son, Robert Moore, Esq., who is at this date a resident of Toulon. But, at the time of Avhich this narrative treats, Major Moore OAvned a ferry that crossed the river at Peoria, and to this he gave his personal supervision; and, as emigrants crossed, which the}' did frequently, he Avould take the opjiortunity to recommend the Osceola- country to them. In this Avay probably originated the com pany he led there in 1835. Quoting Clifford's history in regard to this enterprise. ' The parties above named Avere all from Vermont — Avhich Saxe says is a good state to come from, but a poor one to go to — except Moore, Avho Avas from one of the southern states, and Day Avho Avas from Massachusetts. When these persons reached the Grove there Avas no one living there excejit Henry Seeley, Avho then had a cabin near Avhere he lives now, and LeAvis Sturms. A portion of the party stopped the first night at Sturms', and Avere hos pitably entertained. It Avas a dark, dreary, rainy night ; they all slept on the floor in the small cabin, and from the day's fatigue, having come on foot from Prince's Grove, they soon fell asleep, to be dis turbed soon after by a loud hallooing outside, occasioned by the arrival of the Sturms family jiroper, the number of whom our inform ant Avas unable to state, further than they filled the little cabin -'chuck full.' They Avere made up of men, women and children, wet, worn, fatigued and hungry. Our informant says one of the Avomen came on horseback Avith twins in her arms, and in a sorry plight from having been 'pitched off' her horse in sloughs and gullies concealed by the darkness of the night. Some of the party Avere taken over to Seeley's Avhile the remainder filled the floor. The next day the balance oi the Peoria jiarty came in from Boyd's Grove, having lost their reckonings ancl strayed out of their direction. The whole party then moved west for the jiurpose of surveying and making their claims. For one Aveek 430 HISTORY' OP STARK COUNTY. they camped out, in the severest Aveather of the month of December, that week being the coldest of any during the whole season. The pro visions Avhich they had brought with them from Peoria were exhausted, and nothing was noAv left them to sustain life, except corn they had brought to feed their horses during the excursion. For the last day or two they subsisted entirely upon nubbins of corn burned by the fire, Avhich culinary operation Avas jierformed in the morning, each one taking a feAv burnt nubbins of corn in their pockets for dinner. At night they A'aried this luxury by burning the corn, pounding it up and making coffee of it. Clifford further states that the parties named moved ujion their claims in May, 1836. This is certainly a slight mis take as regards some of them. They probably built cabins as soon as that, or sooner, but some of the families referred to did not arrive in the settlement till later in the summer, or in the fall. There is no doubt, hoAvever, that during some portion of that year many neAV names must be added to our list of pioneers. In June came William Hail and wife, Robert Hall ancl their sister Mary, noAv Mrs. Hasard of Nejionset, ancl occupied for a short time the cabin OAvned by Mr. Buswell, Avho was still with his family in Peoria. With the Halls came the Vandyke brothers, Archie ancl Charles, the former bringing his wife with him, and Mr. Brady Fowler, Avho had been their comjianion up the river, soon folio Aved them to the Grove. Myrtle G. Brace, Esq. (father of our present county treasurer), E. S. Brodhead, and a large family by the name of Davis, the latter from the then frontier land of Tennessee, all located in this neighborhood about the same time. The Sturms family had some of them reached Seeley's Point in 1834, and detachments continued to arrive from time to time, making claims near the South part of Osceola Grove, till they had a settlement of their OAvn. They were regular frontier's men, every one ' mighty hunters ; ' of tall stature, combining strength and activity in an unusual degree. Wearing an Indian garb of fringed buckskins, their feet encased in moccasins, Avith boAA'ie-knife at the belt and rifle on the shoulder. No Avonder many a neAV-comer started from them in affright, supposing they had encountered genuine ' scalpers.' But these men Avere by no means as savage as the}' seemed, but had hearts to Avhich friend or stranger never appealed in vain." The beginning of the Scotch " jilantation " or settlement of the township may be said to be made in February, 1838. The Turnbulls and OhVers set sail for America, June 17, 1837, were six Aveeks on the ocean ancl almost as many more en route from Quebec to Chicago, Avhere they remained a short time before moving to Joliet. At Joliet they found two vacant cabins into which they were ordered to move, and Avhile there met Avith many kind attentions from the settlers, and each family jiurchased a coav from a jiassing herder. The subsequent events in the history of settlement here are Avell told by Mrs. Shallenberger as follows : " Of course, these people Avere looking for land to enter (everybody Avas in those days), and they fell in Avith a Kentuckian named Parker, who had a jiatent on the quarter afterward owned by Myrtle G. Brace, on the state road ; but the man supposed his land lay near "Wyoming, and so agreed with Mr. Turn- KI.MIKA TOWNSIIII'. 431 bull to meet him there; 'thought the}' could probably strike a trade.' Parker left Joliet on horseback, Mr. Turnbull on foot, to make their Avay over a trackless expanse of snoAV, and with but a very indefinite idea of Avhere they Avere to meet, but it Avas to be some Av'h ere in the neighborhood of Wyoming. This journey Avas undertaken January 1, 1838. Occasionally, Mr. Turnbull could catch glimpses of the horse man as he rode over some high ridge in the distance ; and this was all he had to guide his steps, save a general idea, of the points of the com pass. After this lonely, tiresome tramp of sixty or seventy Aveary miles, he found himself at the house of General Thomas, but only to learn that the land he Avas in quest of lay some ten or tAvelve miles to the northwest, the Kentuckian being mistaken as to its locality. He must then retrace his steps. Upon reaching Mr. Holgate's, hunger ancl fatigue compelled him to seek rest ancl food, and such comforts Avere never denied a stranger there; and, beside, Mr. Holgate had learned by some means that Parker had gone to the Osceola settle ment, so Mr. Turnbull Avas again upon his trail, and found him ere nightfall at the cabin of Mr. William Parks, then in Osceola Grove, as old settlers Avill remember, not far from AA'here the first school-house in the toAvnship AA'as built, on the road to Spoon river bridge. While resting by the Avide fire-place built of rough stones, in the jambs of Avhich a recess had been constructed, capable of holding a feAv common books, curiosity prompted the traveler to withdraw one from its jilace, that he might see Avhat kind of books the people read in this strange country, still he Avas wondering all the time if it AA'as not a jiiece of impertinence to do so without permission. But Avhat Avas his surj>rise, his delight eAren, upon finding he held in his hands a Avell-Avorn copy of Burns! Strong though he Avas, and cajiable of bearing all things with out murmuring, still he could not refrain from tears as his eye traced the familiar Scottish lines, ancl he thought how far, far a\vay he was from his native hills. Mr. Turnbull did not buy the title of the Ken tuckian, after all his trouble, having a dread of patents ancl complica- tions, of which he heard many sad rejiorts; but shortly after purchased from the Lyle brothers, John and Thomas, forty acres in Osceola GroA'e, with a cabin thereon, with the understanding that if the 01iArer family saAV fit to come on, the Lyles should sell them fort,}' acres more. He then trudged leisurely back to Joliet, got his Avife and Andre av Oliver, rigged out an ox sled, to Avhich they yoked a couple of half- broken steers, ancl about the middle of February started for Dorr's, Avhose house stood near Avhere the toAvn of Providence iioav is. The weather continued to groAV colder, the wind to blow more ancl more fiercely, and glad were the Avanclerers to find shelter for the night. Avith the hosjtitable family referred to. In the morning the sun came up flanked by ' dogs ' on either side, the snoAV crunched ancl squeaked under the feet with the peculiar sound every backwoodsman knoAvs as indicative of extreme cold; the thermometer indicated some tAventy degrees below zero. Mrs. Dorr, clearly comprehending the suffering ancl danger that must attend a journey that day, kindly urged them to remain until the storm abated, saying "she would board them very cheaply.' But they had no money to pay board bills, be they ever so 432 HISTORY' OF STARK COUNTY. small, and the inborn pride of their race forbade their 'being beholden' to any one, so there was but the other alternati\'e to push ahead. Mrs. Dorr was standing in her cabin door silently Avatching the prepara tions for departure going forAA^ard; but, when all Avas ready, plaids folded tightly, Scotch caj>s tied firmly, sled draAvn round to the door, steers awaiting the Avord of command to start, she exclaimed Avith tears in her eyes: 'Men, go if you Avill, but for God's sake leave this woman Avith me ! she Avill surely perish in the cold today. It shall cost you nothing, and Avhen the weather moderates you can return for her.' But Mrs. Turnbull preferred at all hazards to share the fate of her husband ancl brother. We fancy such jiluck would be hard to freeze; at any rate, despite all obstacles they arrived intact at Seeley 's point before bed-time, stiff ancl hungry doubtless, but such ills Avere curable by a good fire and supper, Avhicli Avere quickly at their disposal, ancl they retired to rest Avith grateful hearts. The next morning Avas still very cold, but they had a sheltered route through the woods by the old road that formerly led by the house of Calvin Winslow in the timber, south of William Hall's place, Avhich they passed about noon, February 14, 1838. Soon after they reached home, as they called the cabin of the Lyle brothers a little farther on. They jiromptly paid for the first forty acres, which contained the cabin, but as by arrangement the Lyles were to remain Avith them until they could obtain possession of the Dukes farm, Avhich they had bought, and the rest of the Oliver family coining from Joliet, the four fam ilies, consisting of eight Lyles and thirteen Turnbulls ancl Olivers, con trived to live, till spring oj>ened, in one room, and that one sixteen by eighteen feet. That they succeeded in doing this harmoniously, ho that the survivors can iioav look back through the mists of nearly forty years, and make merry over the experiences of that first winter in Osceola, is creditable to all concerned." Elmira Cemetary. Prior to going farther into the history of this toAvnship, a reference to the jiresent resting- jilace of many old residents is made, and a brief sketch of the cemeteries given. Elmira Cemetary, on sections 20, 21, Elmira village, dates back to May 30, 1845, Avhen Ambrose Fuller Avas interred on lands of Clinton Fuller. It was incorporated October 3, 1882, Avith H. H. Oliver, presi dent ; Robert Grieve, secretary, and W. M. Fuller, treasurer, the latter two being reelected to date, Winfield Fuller, superintendent, and D. Moon, sexton, Avith John Turnbull, A. Oliver and William Jackson, trus tees. The names of the old jieople buried here, with the year of death, are given as follows : Tabitha Abbey, 1867 ; James Armstrong, '76 ; John Adams, '79 ; Anna Brace, '55 ; Myrtle G. Brace, '(!(J ; Phoebe Brace, '73 ; John Buchanan, '60 ; Alex. Buchannan, '73 ; W. D. Blanchard, 81 ; John Buchanan, '60; Allen Boughman, '82; Mary Bartell, '85; William Brace, '50; Walter Brace, 51; Webster Brace, '50; John Clark, '65; Eliza Clark, '60; Hannah Creighton, '78; James Craig, '54; Margaret Craig, '66 ; Davis McPherson, '<',!) ; Margaret McPherson, '76 ; Mary McPherson, '67; Charlotte Darby, '74; James Darby, '83; Alison Davis, '80 ; Rebecca Fleming, '07 ; Eliza II. Fuller, '83 ; Mrs. Han nah Fuller, '84 ; Ambrose Fuller, '45 ; Hannah Fuller, '46 ; Jehiel Ful- o KI.MIKA TOAVNSHI1'. 433 ler, '71: Mary Godley, '71; Martha Garley, 'si; Ellen (Scott) Grieve, '85; Daniel Hudson, ' 74 ; John Holmes, '79; Whitney Hudson, '55 Mary Harris, '67 ; Thomas Jackson, '55 ; Janet Lyle, '49 ; Wm. Lyle! '58 ; Margaret Moon, '66 ; James Moon, '71 ; Alex. McKenzie, '"64 ; Alex. Murchison, '73 ; Ann Murchison, '69 ; David Moffitt, 54 ; Will- helmina Moffitt, '65 ; Finley Murchison, '72 ; Roderick McBeth, '77; Theodosia Moon, '81 ; Finley MattheAvson, '82 ; Silas Norris, '86 ; Mar garet OliA'er, '58; Thomas Oliver, '67; Wm. Parks, '57; Amy Perkins, '61 ; Nancy Parks, '75 ; Agnes B. Parks, '77 ; Marv Ravell, '75 ; Jane Rule, '54; Robert Scott, '65 ; Ellen Scott, '68; Henry Scott, '51 ; Thos. Scott, '55; Mary Turnbull, '59 ; Marv Turnbull, '73; Allen Turnbull, '43 ; Robert Turnbull, '74 ; Margaret G. Turnbull, '81 ; George White,* '38 ; Heber Amy, '73. AndreAv Oliver was president in 1885 ancl is still serving. James HasAvell, William Jackson, and George Murray are the present trus tees, Avith Robert Grieve, secretary. Osceola Cemetery is the successor of the old burial ground which was located between Sjioon river bridge and the village. Within it are the remains of the folloAving old residents : Wealthy Stuart died in 1864 ; Mark E. LockAvood, "75 ; John Hamilton, '73 ; Cassandra B. Hamilton, '83; Mary J. Wever, '67; Samuel Case, '62 ; Virginia WeA'er, '61 ; Cathleen Wever, '60 ; Otis Garder, '80; George Garder, '63; Eliza P. Blake, '64; Mary J. Blake, '56; Daniel IWer, '65; Edmund WinsloAv, '46; Eliza P. Miller, '55; Calvin WinsloAv, '57; Betsy Win- sIoav, '58 ; LeAvis Pratt, '69 ; Henry Carpenter, '71 ; Marvin Terpen- ning, '61; DaA'id Dana, '48; Rachel Dana, '61; Mary E. Dana, '59; Mary Gilfillan Varnum, '62; Phoebe A. Currier, '61; James BusAvell, '52; 'Albert G. Buswell, '46; John Bates, '75 ; Hezekiah Balcomb, '79 ; John Sloan, '6S ; George W. Willey, '65 ; Hannah J. Blanchard, '79 ; Catherine Pattridge, '65 ; Joseph Pattridge. '73 ; Samuel Maycock, '80 ; Augusta Maycock, '83 ; W. LL BarstoAV, '76 ; Mary FoAA'ler, '58 ; Elias Fowler, '59 ; Julia Stone, '53 ; Mary J. Duklin, '54 ; Robert Conley, '66; Jonathan Huckins, '62 ; Abigail Rollins, '80; Sally Currier, '73 ; Asa Currier, '68 ; Wm. Douglas, '68 ; Margaret Gunning, '80 ; Ansel Gardner, '80 ; Morgan Wever, '62 ; Susanna Ballard, '65 ; Eleanor Bishop, '53, and Amasa Drury, '52. Pioneer Neighbors. — The northern neighbors of the jiioneers of Elmira Avere the first settlers of Henry county. Dr. Baker came from East St. Louis to section 16 in Colona toAvnship in 1835. A few days later came James and Thomas Glenn ancl Anthony Hunt, Avho settled near Dr. Baker. In 1836 John Kilvington settled near KeAva nee, and shortly after, John F. Willard and Henry G. Little settled near Wethersfield. In 1837 Jacob Kemerling settled at Burns, Wil liam Stackhouse and James Mascall at Sugar Tree Grove, near Cam bridge. During those years the Geneseo colony from NeAV York ar rived, then the Andover colony from New York City, next the Wet hersfield colony from Connecticut folloAved by the MorristoAvn, X Y colony and the La Grange (Pittsfield, Mass.) colony. The toAvn of *This interment was made in the timber between Spoon River Bridge and Osceola. 434 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY'. Oxford, in Henry county, Avas the financial centre of the county uji to 1860. In that year the Avild cat bank, called " Bank of the Mississippi Valley," existed here. After the Scotch settlement of Elmira, other immigrants of that nationality settled across the line, making the dis trict almost distinctly Scotch — either Highland or LoAvland. The Highlands, Avhich comprise Sutherland, Ross, Inverness ancl Argyle shires are inhabited by a race of Celts Avho passed over from Ireland in the third century. In their first invasion they Avere repulsed by the Picts, but later assisted them against the Anglo Saxons. In 503, under King Fergus they erected a kingdom in a part of Scotland, and about the year 900 were masters of the country Avhich AA'as called Scotia. The croAvns of England and Scotland were united in 1603, Avhen James VI. of Scotland ascended the English throne. In 431 Pope Celestine sent St. Palladius, a Roman, to jireach to the Scots, av ho eagerly received the faith. Calvinism Avas introduced under the Presbyterian form of church government, and this movement Avas much opposed by James VI. and his successors. In 1688 the Scots estab lished Presbyterianism as the national religion ; but all other forms of Christianity Avere tolerated. Pojie Pius IX. reestablished the Roman Catholic church there, which,' in 1861 embraced one-fourth of the popu lation ; Avhile dissenting churches embraced fully another one-fourth. The royal tragedies ending with the execution of Mary Queen of Scots, the massacre of Glencoe, the Battle of the Clans and the reign of patriotism under William Wallace and Robert Bruce tinge her his tory AA'ith romance. The condition, hoAvever, of the " crofters," labor ers in town and country, and of the entire third and fourth orders of the people abolishes romance in the heart of the inquirer, and fosters the Avish that some day the toilers there may reap the reAvards of honest labor. The Bishop Hill colon}', composed exclusively of Swedish dissenters from the Lutheran, or Royal church, elates back to 1845-46. At that time Olaf Olson settled at what is known as Red Oak Grove ; and ivas soon joined by Jonas Olson and Eric Janseu. Like almost all foreign pioneers of our jirairies they Avere poor, and, being so, excavated large caves and in those subterranean huts lived during the first year or two of settlement. The colony subsequently erected a communial residence in Avhich each one slept ancl boarded at a common expense to all. In 1853 the colony Avas chartered, ancl its affairs placed under the control of seven trustees. This Avas three years after the murder of Eric Jansen by John Root — the first evi dence of disintegration Avithin the colony. In 1860 the government, by trustees, fell into disrepute, ancl in 1871 a suit in chancery Avas commenced to close up the affairs of this colony as an incorporated bod}'. Prior to this, hoAvever the SAvedes became independent in thought and cast off the communal system, under which they came here ancl lived for some years. The grading of the American .Central railroad through Stark count}' Avas in greater part, the labor of the men and Avomen of this colony. Schools. — The question of organizing the township for school pur poses was decided January 10, 1838, AA'hen ten Alters, then all in the toAvnship, assembled at Robert Moore's house ancl voted in favor of ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 435 organization. At this time Robert Moore, Mathias Sturms, Robert Hall, Thomas Watts, M. G. Brace and James Buswell were elected trustees. Three years after organization there, Avere no less than 148 pupils under tAventy-one years old. In 1845 forty-nine legal voters petitioned for the sale of school lands, and a feAv lots were sold that year, but the section Avas not entirely sold until 1852. In 1856 there were 83 pupils in District No. 1, 54 in District No. 2, 160 in District No. 3, 84 in District No. 4 ancl 51 in District No. 5, or a total of 432 pupils. In 1S58 David Currier Avas president ancl W. M. Fuller AA'as reelected treasurer of the school board. In October, 1858, the question of dividing the toAvnship into tAvo school districts avms voted on, AA'hen 62 votes ojiposed the division ancl 16 Avere content, thus leaving the five old districts in existence. In 1858 Miss Emma Hall, George Currier and others taught in District, No. 1, Clara Pike in No. 2 ancl Wm. Spen cer in No. 3. In No. 4 Miss Harriet Rhodes taught in I860, Henry B. Upton in District No. 3 in 1861. In March, 1862, J. AV. Watts taught in District No. 1 at $20 per month. The average attendance out of 52 enrolled pupils was 38. In District No. 2 S. Fast presided over a school of 21 at $22, ancl Miss E. S. Lyman taught in District No. 3 at $25 — pupils enrolled, 47. E. J Griffin received $25 per month in District No. 4, AA'here 52 pupils were enrolled. District No. 5 Avas not opened. A. G. CraAvford in No. 6 taught 36 pujiilsfor $28 per month. The first regular record of the Elmira toAvnship schools is dated April 7, 1862. Andrew Oliver, John Turnbull ancl Charles Rood Avere trus tees. In 1865 Laton Fuller, Alex. Murchison, Jr., and MattheAV B. Parks Aveie trustees, Andrew Oliver in 1867 ancl Charles Stuart in 1868. In 1870 David Currier, Thomas Oliver and Andre av Oliver Avere chosen. In 1871 M. B. Parks Avas elected trustee; in 1872 Thomas Oliver: in 1873, John T. Thornton; in 1874, Joseph Parks; in 1875, Thomas Oliver; in 1870, Laton Fuller; in 1877, Joseph Parks; in 1878, Andrew Oliver; in 1879, Laton Fuller; in 1880, Joseph Parks; m 1881, AndreAv Oliver; in 1882, Laton Fuller; in 1883, Robert Hall; in 1S84, Andrew Oliver; in 1885, Laton Fuller; in 1886, George Murry. In 1886 there Avere 201 males ancl 200 females under tAventy-one-years ; seven ungraded schools, attended by 126 male ancl 117 female pupils, and jiresided ov^er by five male and eight female teachers ; the former earning $1,288 ancl the latter $1,025. The district tax AA'as $3,000 ; value of property, $8,900; total receipts, $6,032.74; total expenditure, $3,936.90. AV. M. Fuller served as treasurer and clerk. Officials. — The organization of the townsliip is noted in the organic chapter. Since that time the folloAving supervisors have served : 1854, Mrytle G. Brace; 1855, Isaac Spencer; 1856-58, James BusAvell ; 1858-61, John Turnbull; 1S01, James Buswell; 1862, II. II. Oliver; 1863, Charles Stuart; lS(',4-66, Andrew Oliver; 1866-8, Matthew li. Parks; 186S, Lewis Austin; 1869X1. Charles P. Bussed; 1871X4. Thomas Oliver; 1874X7, Matthew B. Parks; 1877-80,11. II. Oliver; 1880-82, M. B. Parks; 1882-84, Robert Armstrong; 1884, Robert Armstrong; 1885, Wm. Jackson; 1886, AndreAv Oliver. The justices of the peace elected since 1853 are named as folio avs: 1853, James Bus well and AV. M. Fuller; 1X57, Walter M. Fuller; 1860, 26 436 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Joseph Blanchard ; 1863, M. G. Brace ; 1865, James Buswell and John Turnbull ; 1869, John Turnbull and H. B. Upton ; 1873, H. B. Upton and John Turnbull; 1875, Seth W. Stuart; 1877. John Turn- bull and M. B. Parks; 1878, David Currier: 1881, John Turnbull; 1882, Gideon Potter ; 1885, John Turnbull ancl R. S. Scott. In 1853, M. G. Brace Avas clerk. Walter M. Fuller was elected clerk in 1854-59 ; M. B. Parks served 1859-60 ; Geo. Currier ; 1860-61, Wm. Fuller, 1861-86. F. 21. F. d- L. L Co. — The Farmers' Mutual Fire ancl Lightning Insurance Comjiany of Elmira, was incorporated September _0, 1876. The folloAving named Avere the policy holders : Clinton Fuller, Wm. Murray, Horace Lyle, E. R. Boardman, $3,000 each ; Martin Rist, $2,500'; John Turnbull, W. P. Caverley, S. Longmate, Sarah Bates, $2,000 each ; Robert Hall, Donald McDonald, C. Stuart, M. B. Parks, John McKenzie, S. C. Fleming, and David Murray, $1,500 each ; Adam Jackson, Gideon Murray, John Weir, J. W. Fowler, Wm. Jackson, AVm. Turnbull, and James H. NeAvton, $1,200 ; J. PL Turnbull, Gus Goodale, Joseph Newcomer, Carlos Lyle. and Wm. Sourky, $1,000 each; Robert Grieve, Z. NeAvton, $700 each; Eli Mix, $600; Geo. Hall, James HaclAvell, $500; W. B. Turnbull, Thomas Hogg, $400; Thomas Wales, $300; Wm. SteA-enson, $250; Wm. Stevenson, David Jackson, $200 ; Harrison Miner, $100. In September, 1876, Robert Grieve Avas elected jiresident, John Turnbull, treasurer and James IlasAvell, secretary. The first directors were James Haswell, Martin Rist, Wm. Jackson, E. R. Boardman, John Turnbull, Robert Grieve, Harrison Miner, M. B. Parks, Clinton Fuller, ancl Wm. Steven son. In October the folloAving named were ajipointed auditors; M. B. Parks, Osceola ; Harrison Miner, Goshen, ancl E. R. Boardman, El mira. The president, treasurer and secretary named above have held office continuously doAvn to the present time. On January 8, 1878, there Avere 97 members holding policies A'alued at $108,532. The direc tors included the jiresident, treasurer, John Weir, W. P. Caverley, J. M. Hatch, M. B. Parks, John H. Turnbull, and Wm. Jackson. In 1879 the name AA'as changed to " Farmers' Mutual County Insurance com pany." David Currier, Elmira ; B. R. BroAvn, W. Jersey, took the places of J. M. Hatch ancl Wm. Jackson. In 1880, Mort. A. Packer, of Toulon ; Robert McBocock, of Penn ; John Lackie, of Osceola ; E. R. Boardman, Wm. Jackson and John Turnbull, of Elmira; Martin Rist and Robert Grieve, of Toulon, and John Weir of Goshen, Avere chosen directors. On January 1, 1880, there AA'ere 207 jiolicies repre senting $217,836. The first claim against the company Avas that of M. B. Parks for $1,315, destroyed by fire March 12, 1880. The second fire Avas that of J. J. Spencer's, West Jersey, December 16, 1881, cost ing the com pan}' $872.15, and the third and last fire Avas in June, 1884, when J. G. Turnbull's house Avas destroyed. This cost the com pany $2,300. In 1881 AndreAv Oliver, E. R. Boardman. R. Grieve, J. M. I latch, M. A. Packer, James Snare, John Lackie, John Weir, John Turnbull Avere elected directors. In 1882 Francis J. Leggett ancl Har rison Miner took the places of Messrs. Snare and Lackie. In 1883 D. Murray, E. R. Boardman, John Turnbull, John Weir, Harrison ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 437 Miner, R. Grieve, J. J. Spencer, M. A. Packer, E. P. Wright Avere direc tors. At the close of this year 296 policies, represented $350,274. In 1884 W. M. Fuller. J. M. "Hatch, Daniel Whisker were chosen vice Messrs. Murray, Miner and Wright. In 1885 M. B. Parks and Wil- lian NoAvlan, vice Messrs. Weir and Boardman. In January, 1886 Dr. E. 0. Boardman, George E. Holmes, AVilliam Nowlan, T. J. Bocock, Myron R. Cox Avere appointed appraisers, Wm. Murray, John Turnbull, E. 0. Boardman, J. M. Hatch, AV. M. Fuller, R. Grieve, G. C. Holmes, W. W. WinsloAv, J . J. Spencer, Joseph Chase were elected directors, who in turn elected the officers of 1876. The number of policies Janu ary 1, 1886, Avas 290, valued at $361,252. Elmira. Grange, No. 1062, AA'as organized February 7,1874. Avith the folloAving named members : John, William, DaA'id, James M. and Cy rus Jackson; Mrs. David Jackson, Mrs. William Jackson, Mrs. James M. Jackson, Mrs. John Jackson, Mrs. James Cinnamon, Miss Emma Fleming, Mrs. Jesse Funk, Mrs. R. E. George, James ancl William Cin namon, Jesse Funk, S. C. and Benjamin Fleming, Eli Mix, D. B. Pitts- ford, Charles, Theodore and Charles H. Vandike, Joseph Sharer, Wil mot ancl Zera NeAvton, James Turnbull, Laughlin Buchanan, James Bullard. Later the names of James Boulier, Mrs. Liza Jackson, Mrs. F. Cinnamon, Wm. Sturms, II. LL Jackson, C. S. Thompson, (died in 1877), Thomas and Mrs. AVinters appear upon the records. Of the 37 persons admitted to membership, there Avere only 17 belonging January 1, 1880. The last entry in the record book or documents is a receipt from the State Grange secretary to Wm. Jackson, dated March 20, 1880. In 1874 Wm. Jackson was. elected Master and A. M. Fleming, secretary, Avho was succeeded by James Cinnamon. In 1876-77 David Jackson Avas elected master, ancl Wm. Jackson, secretary ; in 1878 Wilmot Newton, master; in 1879, C. H Vandike, master. During the year 1879 membership decreased. G. A. R. Post, No. 244, of Elmira, was chartered March 11, 1867, Avith the folio Aving members : Orlando Brace, Robert Turnbull, John Styres, William Jackson, Frank Hudson (in IoAva), David Jackson, James Cinnamon, Asa Clark (in the East), Marshall Lecox (in IoAva), ancl John McLean (gone West and supposed to have died there). Wil liam Jackson was first commander, folloAved by Thomas Rule. Among the other members Avere A. M. Palmer, now of West Jersey, and Daniel J. Moon. James Jackson Post, G. A. R., No. 37, was chartered March 6, 1876, with the following named members: William Jackson, Archi bald Campbell, David Jackson, Samuel Montooth, F. L. McLennan, James Cinnamon, Theo. Arandike, Joseph Sharer, Asa Adams, John T. Thornton, Gustave Anderson, ancl Thomas Murray. The past com manders of this post are, AVm. Jackson, 1876-83; James Cinnamon, Samuel Montooth and David Jackson, Avith James Montooth jiresent commander. The record ancl roster of Elmira soldiers are given A'ery fully in the military chapter. Here, however, the record ancl roster of this pioneer post apjiear, Avith date of enlistment and term of service. James -Cinnamon, Ireland, June 12, 1861 ; 36 months; 19th 111. Inf. William Jackson, Scotland, June 12, 1861; 36 months; 19th 111. Inf. 438 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Joseph Sharer. John Stiers, New Jersey, Jan. 1, 1862; 43 months; 2nd 111. Art. Chas. Sharer, Pa., June 1, 1864; 12 months; 139th 111. Inf.; in Nebraska. Asa Adams, Maine. Theodore Vandike, Pa. Thomas Murray, Scotland, Feb. : 112th 111. Inf. ; in Iowa. David Jackson, Scotland; 19th 111. Inf. Archibald Campbell, Scotland, Feb. 17, 1864; 26 months; 11th 111. Cav. and 5th Cav. ; in Iowa. Gustave Andersen, Sweden; moved away. - John Q. Adams, Maine, June 12, 1861; 36 months; 19th 111. Inf.; Minonk, 111. Carlos Lyle, Elmira, May 18, 1864; 100 days; 134th 111. Inf. George B. Gerard, New York, Oct. 26, 1861; 36 months; 14th Wis. Inf. SethD. Stoughton, Pa., Aug., 1862; 36 months; 93d 111. Inf. ; Bureau county. Samuel Montooth, Pa., June 12, 1861; 36 months; 19th 111. Inf. James Montooth, Pa., June 12, 1861; 36 months; 19th 111. Inf. John C. Cumming, 111., March, 1865; 126 days; 15th 111. Inf. Walter A. Fell, Scotland, Feb., 1864; 124th ancl 133d 111. Inf. ; Chicago. Joseph R. Hunt, Ind., June 17. 1861; 19th 111. Inf.; Minn. Joseph C. Meigs, Vt., June 17, 1861; 19th 111. Inf. Benj. J. Whitcher, Vt., May 2, 1864; 100 days; 139th 111. Inf. John Whitcher, Vt., May 5, 1862; 36 months; 65th 111. Inf.; died at Wyoming. Artemus B. Ewers, New York, March 9, 1862 ; 39 months ; 65th 111. Inf. and 14th U.S. A.; died Oct. 4,1879. William Douglass, Scotland, June 12, 1861; 36 months; 19th 111. Inf.; in Neb. Norris Lyle, Illinois. Theodore McDaniel . B. F. Mehew; in Kansas. Wm. H. Winn; in Nebraska. James P. Palmer, N. Y., 1862; 12 months; 176th N. Y.; Rock Island Co. James W. Karney, O., Feb. 12, 1862; 39 months; 65th 111. Inf. EdAvard Somers, Pa., Sept. 6, 1861; 24 months; 47th 111. Inf. Wm. W. Stuart, Ireland, Aug., 1861; 36 months, 47th 111. Inf.; in Neb. Peter Risedorph, N. Y., Aug., 1861; 55 months; 42d 111. Inf. Leo Gulg, Germany, Aug., 1862; 36 months; 77th 111. Inf. Henry Grife, Pa., Aug., 1862; 36 months; 86th 111. Inf.; in Neb. Edward Holmes, England, Aug., 1862; 36 months; 112th 111. Inf. AndreAv D. Neeley, N. Y., Aug., 1861; 36 months; 42d 111. Inf.; in Bureau Co. Lewis W. Thomas, Pa., 1861; 36 months; 33d 111. Inf. Edward P. Wright, 111. ; 112th 111. Inf. : in IoAva. A. H. Loudenburgh, Pa., May, 1864; 139th 111. Inf. Geo. L. Talbot, Pa., March, 1864; 14 months; 19th Iowa Inf. John A. Kunkle, Pa., Aug., 1863; 22 months; 149th 111. Inf. S. K. Conover. {Vide history of Wyoming.) Dr. Selden Miner, N. Y., Oct. 1, 1861; 55 months; 9th 111. Cav.; in Kan. Robert Freeland. O., May 1, 1864; 100 days; 139th 111. Inf. Lewis Osborne, O., Aug. 12, 1862; 34 months; 112th 111. Inf. Alfred Diefenderfer, Pa., Aug. 7, 1862; 36 months; 83d 111. Inf. F. B. Hallock, 111., Jan. 22, 1862; 36 months; 53d 111. Inf. Joseph W. Pask, England, June 12, 1861; 36 months; 19th 111. Inf. Wm. F. Horahan, O., Aug. 12, 1862; 17 months; 1st U. S. M. A D. J. Moon, Pa., June 12, 1861; 36 months ; 19th 111. Inf. The adjutants Avere, Arch Campbell, 1879 ; Samuel Montooth serA'ed eight years; Wm. Jackson 1884-86; W. F. Horahan, 1886. The Elmira Horse Company Avas organized in April, 1858, with Charles Stuart captain, to compete for the Agricultural Society's prize. Wm. T. Leason, of Elmira, was the only pensioner located there in 1883. He received $6 jier month. Elmira Library Association Avas organized January 18, 1856, at the Elmira school house. AVilliam Moffitt was secretary with Adam Oliver, jiresident. The original members were William McBride, Andrew Oliver, William Moffitt, Adam Oliver, Thomas Oliver, Jr., M. KIMIRA TOAVNSHIP. 439 G. Brace, Alexander Cameron, Walter M. Fuller, Llenry Scott, James Nicholl, George Rutherford, Joseph Fell, John H. Turnbull, Angus McLennan, Gideon Murray, W. PL Turnbull, Jonathan GoodAvell, William Oliver, Peter Ingalls, A. S. Murchison, E. R. Boa.rdman, MattheAv Bell, John Murchison, R. H. Turnbull, J. J. Turnbull, Abner J. Stearms, Laton Fuller, Robert Grieve, John Rule, Gideon Purdom, D. Murray, Gideon Murray, and Joseph Blanchard. On January 25, W. M. Fuller, Andrew Oliver, and William Moffitt Avere apjiointed a committee on constitution and by-laAVS, ancl Dr. Boardman, W. H. Turnbull, and Adam Oliver a commmittee on book lists. On February 8 the committees reported. At this time Alexander Rule, Adam Jackson, William Smith, and William Jackson joined the Association. Adam Oliver Avas elected president, William McBride, vice-president; William Moffitt, secretary ; AValter M. Fuller, treasurer ancl librarian. LeAvis Austin, William Porter, Benjamin B. Adams, ancl Clinton Ful ler joined the society at this time. In April 1856 W. B. Turnbull was elected assistant librarian. In Ajiril 1857 Clinton Fuller was elected treasurer. and librarian. In January 1858 William McBride Avas chosen president, AndreAv Oliver, vice-president; John Oliver, secretary, and Clinton Fuller treasurer and librarian. In 1860 Laton Fuller Avas elected president and secretary and librarian continued. In 1861 Laton Fuller, Gideon Murray and Clinton Fuller, jiresiclent, secretary and librarian, respectively. The president and librarian Avere re-elected in 1863 and in 1864-71. In 1871 William Stevenson Avas elected secretary, vice Thomas Oliver. In 1872 the officers Avere re-elected, also in 1873-9. In January 1880 James HasAvell Avas elected secretary. In 1886 Winfield Fuller Avas elected secretary, the other officers holding over. In 1885 the old board Avas re-elected and in 1886 James HasAA'ell Avas chosen secretary, the other members being re-elected. The present members of the Library Association are William Murray, W. M. Fuller, Samuel C. Fleming, David Jackson, W. M. Fuller, Robert GrieA'e, David Murray, PL LI. Oliver, James HasAvell, Robert Armstrong, William Jackson, Adam Jackson, John Turnbull (Uncle Johnny), William Stevenson, Abel Armstrong, John LI. Turnbull, Clinton Fuller, Alex ander Murchison, Laton Fuller, George Murray, Dr. E. R. Boardman, Thomas Oliver, George Rutherford, Andrew Oliver, Orestes A. Blanchard There are many others whose names are on the roll, but owing to dues not being paid are not counted as members. The library consists of about 50(> or 600 A'olumes — said to be one of the best selec tions in the district. Elmira Village. — The pretty hamlet, called Elmira Village, dates back to 1843, when Ambrose Fuller entered the southeast quarter of sec tion tAventy. Here the Fuller store Avas established, ancl shortly after it became the Mecca of the Presbyterian and Methodist Christians of this district. A cemetery Avas opened here, churches erected, a school established, a feAv settlers gathered around and the nucleus of the present village formed. In the folloAving church and school history of this portion of the township, but more jiarticularly in the jiersonal history of the men and women avIio settled or greAv up to manhood and womanhood here, the minutiae of its history is well related. 440 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. United Presbyterian Church. — Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church of Elmira may be said to date back to the fall of 1 849, Avhen Rev. N. C. Weede came here from Marshall county and preached to the people. A permanent organization Avas effected November 30, 1852, at the house of John Turnbull, with Robert Rule presiding and John Turnbull, secretary. It Avas resolved that Finley Murchison, noAv (in IoAva), William B. Turnbull (in Iowa), Robert Rule and Henry H Oliver (residing here) be a committee on building, and R. Turnbull, Robert Rule ancl William McBride, a committee to locate a site. On December 24 John Turnbull, Robert Turnbull and Gideon Purdom Avere elected first trustees. A subscription paper Avas clraAvn up, to AA'hich sixty-six names were Avritten, representing $892. The first members Avere N. C. Weede, preacher; William McBride, Robert II. and John Turnbull. Robert Turnbull*, Gideon Purdom, W. B. Turn- bull, Robert Rule*. James Turnbull, T. W. Embleton, (noAv of Mon mouth, 111.), Walter Louzle, (in Nebraska), Finley Murchison, H. II. Oli ver, Robert Scott*, Adam Lyons (in IoAva), Robert Ingles (in Nebraska), James Bayless*, Thomas Oliver, Sr.*, Thomas Jackson*, John Mercer*. William Turnbull, Sr.*, Thomas Turnbull*, John McLennan, Jr.*, Adam Oliver*, Alexander Murchison, Jr.*, Andreiv Oliver, John Mc Lennan, Sr., Adam Jackson, Alexander Rule, James Nicholl, (in Nebraska), Samuel ancl William Carson (moved), Henry Scott, George Rutherford, John H. Turnbull, David Murray, Robert Grieve, John Rule, William Oliver, W. H. Turnbull*, John Holmes*, Samuel Mc- Caughen (in Iowa). In January, 1853, the name A. R. P. Congrega- gation of Elmira took the place of A. R. P. Congregation of Osceola. At this time $20 Avere paid Clinton Fuller for one acre of land, and a contract made Avith Isaac W. Searl to build the church 30x40 feet for $1,275. The foundation Avas built by Robert Nicholson. In Decem ber,' 1854, Thomas Turnbull, William Turnbull ancl William OliA'er Avere elected trustees. On January, 1855, the seats Avere numbered and a jirice for renting adopted. At this time some money Avas borrowed, $200 of Avhich brought twenty jier cent. The peAV rent brought $225. In January, 1857, John Rule ancl William B. Turnbull Avere elected trustees. Robert Grieve was subsequently elected. On March 30, 1857, the Associate Presbyterian and Associate Reformed Church united as the United Presbyterian Church of Elmira, by Avhich title it has since been knoAvn. In January, 1857, Rev. Mr. Dixon snjiplied, vice Rev. Mr. Weede. In October, 1858, the name of Rev. J. M. Graham ajmears as pastor. In January, 1859, Andre av Oliver, James Turnbull ancl John McLennan Avere elected trustees. In 1860 the church AA'as reseated and painted under the supervision of Messrs. Graham, Oliver and Grieve, ancl the following year rents Avere abol ished, ancl the church remodlecl. In 1861 James Bayless, W. H. Turnbull and Ancl re at Oliver Avere elected trustees. About this time a church tax was raised by regular assessment, something like county taxes. This continued a U-w years until it gave place to voluntary contributions. In 186:1 William Oliver, John and William Turnbull * lleeeaml. ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 441 Avere elected trustees and re-elected in 1865. Subsequently Mr. Graham purchased a farm, resigned his charge, ancl in 1867 the "name of Rev. N. C. Weede reappears on the record, but not as jiastor. AVilliam D. Thomas and PI. PL Oliver Avere elected trustees. Rev. Mr. Mont gomery succeeded Mr. Graham. AArilliam ancl Thomas Oliver ancl David Murray Avere elected trustees in 1871 ancl re-elected in 1873. In 1875 the name of Rev. John M. Henderson appears, although he came here in 1S73 and still remained as pastor until 1884. Since 1884 the church has been supplied by various ministers. In the fall of 1886 the Rev. Ross Avas called, ancl took charge, Mr. llenderson moving to Traer, Iowa. In 1875 William Oliver, James Turnbull and John Holmes Avere elected trustees, succeeded in 1877 by Robert Grieve, AndreAv Oliver and John Turnbull, as trustees, Mr. Grieve acting as clerk since that time. In January, 1879 a motion providing that the trustees jirocure substitutes for hats to take up the Aveekly collections Avas adopted. The trustees were re-elected in 1881. In December, 1881, the question of admitting organ music Avas decided negatively by eleven for, to sixteen against. In. January, 1883, Robert Grieve, Wm. Murray and, William OliA'er Avere elected trustees ; Robert GrieA'e, Maggie Rule and Janet Jackson, chosen a committee to select books for the library. In February the library committee just named, Avith Mary Oliver, Janet Grieve, George T. Oliver and Adam Jackson Avere appointed a committee to collect the Quarter Centennial Fund. This committee collected $277.45, which Avas ajiplied toAvard church work. In January, 1885, the trustees Avere re-elected. In 1885 elections were held in the matter of calling a jiastor, but none being unanimous the question was held over until June 1, 1S86, when Rev. Mr. Ross was called. The number of communicants is 87. In the Sunday-school library are 400 volumes, scholars in Sunday school 101. It is notable that the three Presbyterian churches of this toAvnship jiay $3,000 as salaries annually, and about the same amount for other church pur- jioses. Methodist Episcopal Church of Elmira- dates back to the beginning of the Osceola society. Prior to 1859 the Fullers, Clarks, Ferris, Hud- sons families may be named as the only Methodists here, and members of the Osceola church. In 1859 Rev. W. J. Smith held reAXal meet ings here, AA'hen all the others named beloAV became members of the church. A meeting Avas held here March 7, 1859, to consider the ques tion of building a church. Rev. Wm. Smith presided, Avith W. M. Fuller, secretary. The trustees elected were : John M. Clark,* AV. M. Fuller, Elijah Ferris, Matthew Bell, William Cade,* Elisha Clark and Daniel Hudson.* John M. Clark and W. M. Fuller Avere ajipointed a committee on land, and W. M. Fuller, Elisha Clark ancl Matthew Bell, building committee. Those men went to work with a will, ancl the present M. E. church was completed ancl dedicated that fall, on a half acre of land donated by M. G. Brace. Among the early members were the above named officers : Ann Clark, Chloe M. Fuller, Jane Bell, Phoebe Brace,* Caroline Brace, Mary Brace,* Charles Brace, C. H. Brace, Will iam G. Craig, Nancy Craig, Lucy C. Lyle, Joseph Likes, Deborah Likes, Peoria Likes, Sarah J. Likes, Mary E. Likes, Maria J. Clark, Thomas 442 HISTORY OP STARR COUNTY. Walter Clark, Asa ( Hark, James. L. Ferris, Malinda Fuller, Ben F. Pludson, Carlos B. Lyle, lantha Brace, Keziah Brace,* Ellen J. Green, Isaiah Coon, Maria Rogers, Echvard Nixon,* Margaret Nixon, E. F. Simpson, Helen Thornton, Mary E. Stuart. The present membership Clark, Mary Pludson, Edwin Clark, Rachel Clark, Mary E. Clark,* comprises Walter M., Chloe M., Malinda ancl Augusta fuller, Luella (Fuller) Oliver. Mary Pludson ancl lantha (Brace) Myers. Elmira Bible Society Avas organized June 24, 1857, ivith John Turn- bull, president ; W. M. Fuller ancl Joseph Blanchard, vice-president ; Dr. E. R. Boardman, treasurer, ancl M. G. Brace, secretary ; William McBride and Joseph Blanchard, local agents. In 1858 Rev. J. M. Gra ham Avas chosen president, and Rev. McIIale, agent. In 1860 AVilliam McBride Avas chosen president. In 1861 Josejih Blanchard was presi dent, with A\T. M. Fuller elected treasurer in 1860, re-elected. The lat ter has served the society as treasurer and dejiositor doAvn to the present time, ancl Avas elected president in 1862, Avith H. PL Oliver secretary. In 1863 J. M. Clark AA'as elected president, succeeded by W. M. Fuller in 1864, and he by H. IP. Oliver in 1865, who has acted as president down to the present time, with Mr. Fuller secretary and treasurer. The society now is in existence so far as contributions are concerned, but for a number of years no meetings have been held. Presbyterian Church of Elmira AA'as organized May 8, 1881, by Rev. John Weston and Rev. T. G. Scott. The original members Avere Abel, Anne, John, Robert, Mrs. Jane and George Armstrong, George Rutherford, William Beattie, Mrs. Catherine "Scott, Mrs. Elizabeth Oliver, Miss Mary OliA'er, Mrs. C. Stevenson, Miss Adclie Steven son, Miss Carrie SteArenson, Daniel Dodd, Mrs. Irene Dodd, Mrs. Mary Buchanan, Murdoch Buchanan, Miss Mary ancl Miss Rebecca Mc Kay, Miss Mary Adams, Miss O. Vanda Beaver. At this time Abel Armstrong and George Rutherford were elected ruling elders, and the latter clerk of church. In June, 18S1, there Avere added to the congre gation : Elizabeth Hinclmarsh, Charlotte Adams, Esther Oliver, Jennie Armstrong, Maggie Rutherford, Jennie Rutherford, Sibella E. Ruther ford, Ellen Scott, Isabella Hunter, Ellen Turnbull, Mary Beattie and John Hinclmarsh. In August there were admitted to' membership : Tena Miller, Emora Fleming, M. Sibelle Oliver, Thomas and Joseph Chapman; and in January, 1882, Mrs. Mary McLennan. In June, 1882, there Avere admitted John ancl Bessie' Glendenning, Elizabeth Anderson, Jennie Loch, Sibella F. Armstrong. In November, 1882, Miss D. McKinzie; in April, 1883, Duncan Buchanan; in June, Jose phine E. Hand, Elizabeth E. HasAvell, William E. and Ella M. Scott and Mrs. C. B. Rutherford ; in November, John and Sarah FoAvler, Marion F. Tuttle, Florence Gerard, Alvero McCurcly, and Jane Ander son; in 1884, George E. and Maggie Holmes, Abner and Mary E. Hid sizer, John RedshaAv ancl Maggie L. HasAvell, James 11. Carpenter and Avife, Cynthia Horahan, Belle Semple, Robert Dodd, Alary Armstrong, J\Tils Swanson ancl William E. Grieve. In June, 1885, there were added to the church the following named members,: William Ander son, Thomas R. Turnbull, William A. Martin, W. PI. Holmes, James H. Haswell, James Armstrong, Misses Katie Mc Williams, Letitia Hunter, HLMIRA TOWNSHIP. 443 Lizzie Beattie, Christiana E. Armstrong and Mary HasAvell. In No vember, 1885, AndreAv Oliver, Oliver Turnbull, ancl Martha J. Ander son became members. In June, 1881, Rev. T. G. Scott jiresided a,s moderator; in June, 1S82, Rev. John Weston; in November, 1882, Rev. William Keery; in March, 1883, Rev. J. M. Waddle; in April, 1883, Rev. C. M. Fisher (in June, 1833, Rev. J. (I Brace was here) ; in November, 1883, Rev. A. F. Irvin ; in February, 1884, Rev. T. G. Scott; in March, 1S84, Rev. Silas Cooke; in June, 1S84, Rev. J. 0. Brace ; in December, 1884, Rev. AVilliam Keery ; in March, 1885, Benjamin Y.- George; in June, 1885, Rev. A. R. Mathers; in Novem ber, 1885, Rev. John Weston, in June, 1886, Rev. A. F. Invin, and July 1, 1886, Rev. John Weston, avIio came here on a call extended June 7, 1886 ; George Rutherford serving as clerk since 1881. Rev. John Weston came here July 1, 1886, as pastor of the church, and was installed October 6, 1886. Abel Armstrong has been superintendent of Sunday school since organization. At a meeting held December 20. 1881, presided over by John Arm strong, the question of erecting a church was carried. John Roberts, George Armstrong, Josejih Chapman, AVilliam Beattie, George E. Holmes, Alex Buchanan, John Hinclmarsh, Henry Scott, AVilliam Stevenson, James Cinnamon, John G. Turnbull, Daniel Dodd ancl John FoAvler, executive committee. On December 28, the jiresentation of a building lot by Clinton Fuller was reported and accepted. In the fall of 1882 the building was completed, at a cost of $5,000, and meeting held therein December 15, 1882, George IP. Holmes serving as secrteary of the executive committee. The jiarsonage Avas built in 1885, at a cost of $2,500, but not completed until 1886. This residence stands on the P'oulon road, southwest of the village. Knox Church has passed its thirtieth year of existence. In the year 1856, a number of Scotch families united to apply to the synod of the Presbyterian church, Canada, for a minister that could preach in Gaelic ancl English. Rev. Duncan McDermid Avas sent to them for two Sabbaths, after Avhich they were Avithout sujmly for several years. In 1862, Rev. Adam McKay visited them for tAvo Sabbaths. In 1864, ReA'. Lochlin Cameron, of Acton, Ont., visited them, and remained for six weeks. After him Mr. Forbes, a divinity student, supplied them for the summer of 1864. During this year (1864), the congregation applied to be received into the Presbyterian church in Canada, Avhich AA'as granted, ancl at London the presbytery appointed on the 27th day of September, 1864, Rev. Archibald McDermid, to organize the con gregation, ancl to have elders elected. The elders were James Arm strong, John McLennan, ancl Donald McDonald. At a congregational meeting held in Knox church, Elmira, Rev. Dr. Burns, of Chicago, presiding, it Avas unanimously agreed to extend a call to the Rev. Al exander McKay, of Canada, to be their pastor, dated at Elmira, Janu ary 30, 1868. This Mr. McKay Avas their first settled pastor. On Oc tober 17, 1873, Rev. Alexander McKay left this congregation, having accejited a call back to Canada, after serving the said congregation dur ing five years. The congregation Avas supplied by ministers from Canada from the time Mr. McKay left, until April 21, 1880, when Rev. Neil 444 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. McDermid, from the Presbyterian church in Canada, Avas settled over them, Avho is their present pastor. In October, 1868, Rev;. Miller, of the old school Presbyterian, of Toulon, and Rev. P. Baker, of the Cumberland Presbyterian church, here are named as assisting in services. The elders now are llenry PL Oliver and Duncan Mc Donald. The original members of session at ere : James Armstrong, Donald McDonald,* John McLennan, Mrs. John McLennan,* Margaret Davis, Mrs. James Armstrong, Frances Davis, Mrs. Donald McDonald,* Mrs. Wales, Duncan McLennan,'"' Mrs. D. McLennan, ividow,*'Mrs. Duncan McLennan,* Mrs. C. Grahame, Mrs. Robert Lidclle, Mrs. John Murchi son,* Mrs. Jane Anderson, George Rutherford, Thomas Wales, Mrs! George Rutherford, AVilliam Beattie, Mrs. AndreAv Oliver, Henry Oliver,* Mrs. Henry Oliver,* Abel Armstrong, Mrs. Abel Armstrong, Mrs. Henry Scott, Peter Inglis, Mrs. Peter Inglis, Finlay Murchi son, Mrs. Finlay Murchison,* Mrs. Lochlin Buchanan,* John Cam eron, Mrs. John- Cameron. Walter Loch, Mrs. Walter Loch,- John Armstrong, Mrs. John Armstrong, Margaret Chisholm, Mrs. Mc Donald (widow), Mrs. William Stevenson, Mrs. John G. Turnbull, Margaret M. Lennan, Alexander Buchanan, Mrs. Alexander Bu chanan, John McLennan.* Mrs. John McLennan,* Mrs. Cameron (\vidoAv), John McLennan,*" Mrs. John McLennan, *Mrs. Roderick Math- eson,* Mrs. McLennan (Avidow),* Duncan McBeth, Mrs. Duncan Mc Beth, William Turnbull,* Mrs. William Turnbull,* Angus McLennan, Mrs. Angus McLennan, Michael Anderson, Mrs. M. Anderson, Jessie McRae. The present membership comprises the names in aboAre list marked thus *, ancl Mrs. Neil McDermid, Mrs. John McRae, Kate Oliver, David Lyle, Grace Lyle. Mrs. Kate McRae, Lottie Oliver, Mary McLennan, John Turnbull, Mrs. Hutchinson, Duncan McKenzie, Mrs. John McKen zie, John Lyle ancl wife, David W. Oliver, James Wright and wife, Maggie Oliver, David Oliver, Olaf Johnson ancl Avife. Meetings Avere held in the homes of the members or in the Metho dist Ejiiscopal church, until 1866, Avhen the record of the first meeting in the " Gaelic ancl English meeting house " is made, ancl in August, 1867, the first mention is made of a meeting held in the Canada Pres byterian church building. In July, 1868, mention is made of Knox church for the first time. Cumberland Presbyterian Church, reference to Avhich is made in the history of the old school Baptist church of Modena, is not now exist ing. Their house of Avorship, " The Mound Church," is noAv occupied at intervals by the Baptists. Every reasonable effort Avas made to ob tain the records of this church, and here, it must be said, the only fail ure to hunt doAvn a church record in this county was made. Fortu nately its members find mention in the sketches of the other churches with which they were connected prior to the establishment of the Cum berland church, ancl have been since its dissolution. Schools. — In the history of the township, all the authentic history of the Elmira village and other schools that could be collected is given. The first record of District No. 3, in Colonel Jackson's possession is ELMIRA TOAVNSHIP. 445 dated August 26, 1861. The directors were Clinton Fuller, MattheAv Bell and Myrtle G. Brace. In 1863, James Turnbull, Daniel Pludson Charles PI. Brace, the latter also was ajijiointed clerk. Miss Jennie Sargent (Mrs. Clark, of IoAva) was teacher in 1866. In May, 1867, the contract for building the jiresent school house, Avas sold to Daniel Clark for $1,428. At this time W. G. Craig Avas elected a director vice Daniel Hudson. Ed Avin Butler was engaged as teacher, and the same year Mrs. E. J. (Sargent) Clark, taught here. In August, 1868, Rev. J. PI. Montgomery and E. S. Tallady (noAv of Neponsett) were elected directors. In November, 1869, Miss S. A. Fa ver was engaged to teach the Avinter school, and Miss PI. J. Hall, the summer school. J. W. Tut tle ancl Isaia,h Coon, Avere elected directors vice Folladay and Craig, re signed. In April, 1870, William Jackson Avas elected director for three years vice Isaiah Coon. Mrs. Clark and Andrew Turnbull were the teachers. In 1871 Rev. J. H. Montgomery was reelected ; Miss Mary J. Lecox, (iioav of IoAva), and Miss Anna Rule, Avere engaged as teach ers. In April, 1872, J. W. Tuttle Avas reelected director. In 1873 Or lando Brace, J. IP. Turnbull and William Stevenson, vice Messrs. Mont gomery, Jackson and Tuttle. Winfield Fuller ancl James Smith were employed as teachers. In 1874 J. PI. Turnbull took the place of Mr. Brace, who moved to Toulon. Matthew Bell took Mr. Brace's jilace on the board on December 29, 1874. AndreAv Turnbull took J. W. Smith's place as teacher, t-he latter having moved to Bradford, as teacher of the graded school. MissTena Stevenson was engaged to teach the sjiring term of 1875. In 1875 William Stevenson ancl M. M. Brace, Avere elected directors, the latter vice MattheAv Bell, moved to West Jersey. In December, George Mattheson was appointed teacher. John H. Turnbull was elected in April, 1876, ancl F. N. Treat, teacher. (This is the same Treat Avho Avas in the charge of militia on duty there, Oct. 9, 1 871, Avhen he shot a physician.) F. W. Ward Avas also em ployed as teacher. In April, 1877, Miss Eliza Gurney Avas appointed teacher, and in December, B. G. Hall. In July, 1878, Miss Nellie E. AAreed, was apjiointed teacher, and W. W. Fuller, director. In 1879 John PL Turnbull was reelected. In 1880, J. T. Clark Avas elected direc tor; Thomas OliA'er in 1 882, AVilliam Jackson in 1882; J. T. Clark, reelect ed in 1883, resigned in 1884; Thomas Oliver and Donald McDonald in in 1884, AVilliam Jackson reelected in 1885, ancl Clinton Fuller, 1886. In April, 1883 J. F. Reed was employed as teacher, and has since filled that position most satisfactorily. Business Circle. — The business and professional circle of Elmira village is made up .as folloAvs: Dr. E. R. Boardman, Clinton Fuller, general store ; J. F. Reed, school principal ; Wm. McBride, blacksmith ; Wm. Henninger ancl Alex. Dose, carpenters ; Rev. Neil McDairmid, Knox church ; Rev. John Weston, Presbyterian church ; John Turn- bull, justice ; AV. M. Fuller, tOAvnship clerk ; W. IP. Stires, painter ; H. H. Oliver, Wm. Jackson, grain and cattle: Wm. Stevenson, plasterer and bricklayer, ancl George Meisner, shoemaker. In the neighborhood are the Oliver coal mines, while throughout the district some of the most practical farmers and stock-groAvers in the State may be found. 446 History of stark county. Osceola Grove and Village — A reference to the original entries will point out the names of the first actual owners and residents of lands in the neighborhood of this village. In 1837 there did not exist an idea of laying out a toAvn here, and when the postoffice was estab lished the location was called Elmira, as related in the personal history and reminiscences of OliA'er Whitaker. In 1836 Robert Hall and sister and William Plall and wife, Anne Hall, Archibald ancl Charles Van dyke and Brady FoAvler, came by way of Pittsburg, doAvn the Ohio, and up the Illinois to Peoria, Avhere they arrived in June. There they learned that Major Moore, Watts, ancl Spencer had completed the sur vey of Elmira toAvnshiji, and that BusAvell and Winslow had visited' the grove, set their stakes, ancl built cabins. In June the Halls and Vandyke brothers set out to visit the 'grove. Traveling tv'a Wyoming, they found William Parks and others already established there. With out delay, the Halls determined to make a claim at the grove, ancl hired William Parks to return Avith them to Peoria to bring uj> to the new settlement their Avives ancl personal jrroperty in his huge boat- shaped Avagon and unique carry-all. Parks well filled his contract, but not until June 26, 1836, did the party arrive 'at Buswell's untenanted cabin, a mile from Parks' original home in this county. In 1837 and 1838 members of the family and others named in this chapter as Avell as in the general history, settled here, and in 1839 the jiioneer circle was formed. Presbyterian Church of Osceola may be said to have been called together May 25, 1839, Avhen Rev. Wm. F. Vaill convened a meeting of evangelical church people to consider such an organization under the neAV or old school rules. On that clay there were united under the old school Presbyterian constitution the following members : John and Polly Davis, Margaret, Frances, and Rosana Davis, Helen Brydon, AvidoAv of Robert Turnbull, deceased ; Thomas and Margaret Oliver, Adam OliA'er, John and Margaret Turnbull, Robert and Margaret Turn- bull, Margaret, Avife of Robert Moore ; Calvin and Betsy Winslow, Mary Wiserncler, William and Agnes Parks. Of the nineteen members, fifteen voted for the adoption of the old school form and four for the new school. On June 8, 1839, the society was permanently organized, Liberty ancl Julia M. Stone Avere added ; John Davis and William Parks elected ruling elders, ancl the latter clerk. In 1841 Elizabeth and Charlotte Oliver, Eliza Parks, and Rebecca J. Currier, Robert Rule. David Currier, and Sarah McLaughlin, Polly A. Parks joined; in 1844 Peter Inglis, in 1845 Joseph and Ann Blanchard, in 1846 Phoebe Brace. In 1844 Rev. R. B. Dobbins preached here ; in 1845 Rev. W. J. Fraser, in 1848 Rev. R. Freese, in 1849 Rev. Samuel McCune, and the pastor, Rev. E. Scudder High, who Avas connected Avith the church since 1839. The first baptism was that of Robert. Alex. Turnbull, born August 2, 1840, baptised September 26, 1840, died January 10, 1841. There were forty-three members belonging between 1839 and August, 1855, Avhen the record ceased. 2fethodist Episcopal Church, of Osceola is almost contemporary Avith the Hall settlement of the grove. Beyond the references to it con tained in the records of this church at Wyoming, and of the Lafay- ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 447 ette Circuit, nothing positive could be learned at Osceola village. Osceola Class, which met at the Osceola school-house in 1851-2, Avas presided over by Caleb 0. Flint. Among the members Avere the leaders, Dianna A. Flint, Asa, Sally and Mary Currier, William and Ann Hall, Jacob ancl Eliza Stidham, William IP. ancl Hannah Jones. This Jones was local preacher. In 1865 Rev. Mr. Smith was preacher, then Rev. Geo. Guy, and so on to the present time. William Hall Avas first leader of the old class at AValls, seven miles distant, ancl never missed an appointment from 1836 to 1846. Subsequently bis Avifeand himself deAroted their attention to the Osceola class, of which they Avere central figures until their decease. Sturm's Class met at the Sturm's school-house in 1851-2, with Peter Sturms, local preacher and leader, Jane Sturms, Jacob P. and Wealthy Jones, Jacob ancl Elizabeth Sticlham, Ariel Jones, Ann Orsman, Aimes Kirkpatrick and John E. and Nancy Dalrymple. In 1853 this class Avas transferred to Seeley 's Point, where John Drawyer was leader. Baptist Church, of Osceola, Avas organized February 10, 1860, at the school-house. Dr. E. R. Boardman presided with J. G. Boardman. clerk. The original members were William Weaver,* Isaac Spencer,* E. R. Boardman, Granville Parks, James G. Boardman, Eunice C. Spencer,* Miranda House, Martha G. James, Mary Vamvey, Rachel Vanwey* and Hannah Boardman, of those members. Names marked * are deceased. Rev. 0. A. PleAvitt Avas first pastor. Shortly after Mrs. Susannah Weaver,* Lucinda Case, moved aAvay ; Mattison Weaver, Mary Gardner,* Matilda Case, moved away ; Morgan Weaver,'-" Dr. John S. Pashley,* Otis Gardner,* Joseph Parks, Nathan SAveet, removed ; Lorinda Weaver,* Almeda Pashley, in Wisconsin ; A. Mur chison Jr., Nancy Parks,* Eliza Wood, removed ; Russell Briggs, Persis Briggs, Sarah Parks (Mrs. Tomlinson), Deborah Hill, Jane (Roe) Parks, Jennet Graham. In October, 1860, Dr. Pashley took J. G. Boardman's place as clerk, serving temporary until February 9, 1861, Avhen J. G. Boardman resumed, and served until his enlistment. In December, 1861, Dr. E. R. Boardman was appointed clerk, avIio serA'ed until May, 1863, Avhen Dr. Pashley Avas reappointed. On January 12, 1861, E. R. Boardman, Isaac Spencer, Otis Gardner, M. PL Weaver, M. J. Weaver were chosen as a building committee. In 1863 the work of church building AA'as commenced. In March, 1864, M. PI. Weaver Avas appointed church clerk. In 1865 the society contributed fifty dollars toward the Lincoln Monument. In Sep tember, 1866 Rev. Mr. HeAvitt's term may be said to cease. In the fall of 1866 Rev. Air. Estee Avas here as an Evangelist, and in January, 1867 Elder Moore jireached here, ancl continued to July, 1870. In February, 1871, Elder L. D. GoAA'en came. In May Dr. E. R. Board- man Avas chosen clerk. In March, 1875, Rev. AXentine Ingram Avas called. D. M. Stuart AA'as appointed clerk in June 1, 187S. ancl in July E. O. Boardman filled that jiosition pro tern, also J. M. Robinson in 1879, Mr. Stuart still being clerk. In October, 1880, Dr. E. O. Board- man Avas appointed vice, D. M. Stuart (iioav of Nebraska). In March, 1883, Rev. V. Ingram resigned. During his pastorate of ten years the membershij) increased three-fold, and at his dejiarture genuine expres- 448 * HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. sions of approbation were heard on all sides. In May, 1885, Rev. M. Parsons, from Morgan Park Baptist Seminary, came and remained four months. Rev. Chas. Ege took charge January 1, 1886, as regular pastor ; Dr. E. O. Boardman, clerk ; Joseph Parks, Dr. E. R. Boardman ancl Mr. IP. Weaver, trustees. The two first named trustees, ivith R. C. Briggs and Samuel Weaver are deacons ; R. L. Scott is superintencl- ant of the Sunday school, the membership of which is about, up to June 26, 1884, there Avere 167 persons received into the church, of Avhom 94 removed or were expelled, and 23 died. The membership at present is 107. Total received being 173. The Baptist Church Avas erected in 1863 by Otis ancl Ansel Gardner, carpenters. The frame is of native oak, hewn out here, and the siding purchased at KeAvanee. During the progress of building the frame was blown clown, but occasioned only the delay of replacing. The building is a large gabled one, Avith sjiire and shoAvs very little signs of its tAventy-four years of use. Free Will Baptist Society of Elmira, used to meet at the Osceola Grove school house years ago. Adaline Condell, avIio was a member over forty-one years ago, remembers the names of Deacon John Lea son and every member of his large family ; the GrisAvold's of Boyd's Grove ; the Berry's, the Lanes, Charles Bolt, Mrs. Elizabeth and Mrs. James WinsloAv, the Blood's and Fairbank's. Throughout the jiages devoted to the eastern and northern toAvnships of Stark, very many references are made to this pioneer society. Other Societies. — The neighboring religious societies Avere : T'he Congregational church of Nejionsett, organized April 21, 1855 (at Kent- ville, near the Stark county line), by Rev. S. G. Wright, Avith Eben Kent, Charles Kent ancl Hall G. Wright, trustees. Of the original members, Hall Wright ancl Margaret AVright reside at Lombard. The Baptist church of Neponsett, Avas organized March 26, 1864, by Rev. C. A. Hewitt. The Methodist church of Neponsett, originated in the John Norton class, north of the village, in 1841. At this time William Studley's and AArilliam Norton's log cabins Avere the only residences in the toAvnshiji. The Second Advent church, of Neponsett, AA'as organ ized in 1868, Avith thirty members. The I. 0. G. T. installed the folloAving officers in August, 1866: W. C. T., George Boardman ; P. W. C. T., F. E. Saunders ; W. V. T., Bertha Scott; W. M.. L. Boadle; W. D. M., F. I. Hill ; W. F. S.. F. E. Buswell ; W. T., Nellie Briggs ; W. S., L. C. Briggs ; W. O, E. S. Prosser; W. I. G., John Duncan; W. O. G., Morgan House, August. 1886. The Osceola Cemetery, the tenants of Avhich are noticed in a former page, is regularly laid out north of the village. There are some very fine monuments here. Of all who went forth from this toAvnship in defense of the princijdes ancl integrity of the Republic, only a feAv rest here. The greater number of fallen comrades found graves on the ensanguined fields of Virginia, Tennessee and Georgia. The tell-tale headstones, which form a guiding lamji to mothers, fathers, sisters or brothers avIio Avould seek their soldiers' graves, to cover them with gar lands, or, perchance, remove the ashes of those they love to this north- ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 449 ern soil Avhich nourished them in earl}' years, are feAv. The cemetery beyond the village is wanting in that one respect, and only in that, to tinge it Avith a deeper romance. Osceola school house, a brick structure, Avas presided over by Miss Harriet J. Rhodes, in June, 1856. She received $3 per week and board, and taught thirty-five pupils. The inspector failed not to notice "the vicious habit of clieAving gum." Miss C. K. Pattridge Avas also employed there at a similar salary to teach twenty jiupils. She had ten classes in reading. This was due to her pupils having so many different reading books. The school, like the times, has changed. Noav a large school building, standard books, regular classes, ancl a corjis of skilled teachers have taken the place of the little school of thirty years ago. The business circle of Osceola comjirises Dr. E. O. Boardman, Gid eon Potter, merchant ancl postmaster ; R. L. Scott, harness ; I. M. Spencer, grist and saw mill ; A. B. Smith, agent. In July, 1800, C. Roods store, at Osceola, Avas burglarized. The burglars were pursued and cajitured — NeAvton Brown ancl Jerry Bai ley, of Wyoming, and R. Shockley, of Toulon, "an accessory after the fact." " The Osceola, mills, OAvned by John Farmer & Brother, Avere de stroyed by fire October 9, 1S5«;. They carried no insurance. A neAV firm, Stone, Farmer & Co., Ayas organized, ancl in 1859-60 neAV buildings Avere erected. This was opened in November, 1860. The mills are now operated by I. M. Spencer. There is a saAV mill in connection. Elmira in the War. — In closing this first jiart of the chapter, it seems but just to say something of the action of Elmira people during the troublous days of 1861, ancl indeed until the close of the Avar. In the general history ancl foregoing pages of this chapter, every name and item officially recorded, is given ; but from unofficial sources some thing additional may be learned, and for this reason the folloAving jiages are reprinted from Mrs. Shallenberger' s Avork, as she had them rejirinted from the Chicago Tribune or local journals of the time. The first extract relative to the "Elmira Rifles," organized in the sjiring of 1861, serves to show not only how this company was called into existence, but illustrates the spirit that jirevailed throughout the county and led to the rapid formation of the " Lafayette Rifles," and other companies and "squads" from time to time. "The officers of the company known as the Elmira Rifles were: Caj)tain, Charles Stuart ; First Lieutenant, Stephen M. Hill; Second Lieutenant, Alex. Murchison. Non-commissioned officers — First Or derly Sergeant, John S. Pashly ; Second Orderly Sergeant, William Jackson; Third Orderly Sergeant, John II. Hunter; Fourth Orderly Sergeant, James G. Boardman; First Corporal j James Jackson; Sec ond Corporal, James Montooth; Third Corporal, Charles PI. Brace; Fourth Corporal, Robert A. Turnbull. Privates — Josejib Blanchard, D. W. Aldrich, Josejih C. Meigs, J. G. Duncan. Alfred S. Plemmant, Jas. Cinnamon, Isaac Bannister, Henry F. Davidson, A. Arinson, John Bourke, Wm. PL Flemming, John 0. Spalding, Alason Jordan, Adam Fell, Thomas Turnbull, George P. Richer, Robert T. Scott, Samuel 450 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Montooth, Comfort Morgan, L. C. Dravvyer, Plenry C. Hall, Aaron T. Currier, John Q. Adams, Walter Clark, Charles W. Lesan, George CroAvden, William Douglas, Jr., Henry Burrows, George Dugan, F. P. Bloom, George Sharrer, John Blackburn, Charles BlackAvell, Alonzo Luce, George W. Ryerson, Chester P. Harsh, AVilliam Ingalls, John Douglass, John G. Lamper, Daniel J. Moon, Joseph W. Pask, William A. Cacle, John McLanay, Louis Williams, John Webber, John L. Ken nedy, James Huckings, J. O. Ives, Isaac Kinyon, Henry C. Shull, De Forest Chamberlain, James Merrill, OAven Carlin, Thomas Robinson, William N. Nelson, Thomas Renick, A. W. Wemper, J. A. Case, David Allen, Echvard Envm, J. M. Lamper, Frank A. CroAvder, John Thornton, E. W. Goodsell, Thomas Robison, Philip Galley, Isaiah Bates, William Johnson, James L. Atherton, George Miller, George Stone, Springer Galley, Marvin Sjiencer, George Hutchinson, J. DreAvry, William NeAvcomer, George Greenfield. Drummed out. — James Yuly, John Wood, John Sherry, Derrington Good, John Maher. •' Captain Charles Stuart, not SteAvart, as generally sjielled, is from the Green mountains of Vermont, a pre-eminently fit place for breed ing military commanders. The climate healthy, bracing and vigorous ; the landscajie bold, rough, mountainous and sublime, make the best cradle for incipient heroes ; beside, the moral tone of the jieople gives them strength and force of character quite as necessary as hard}' con stitutions in the field. Men got in sickly swamps of ague-shaking j>ar- ents, nursed on malarious effluvia, and reared in moral ancl mental ignorance, may mojie through the Avorld half asleep, ancl may haA'e bile enough to be venomous enemies, but never to be great military commanders. Nature ahvays imparts to animal beings ancl vegetable life its local character. Bold, rugged, dashing, sublime scenery favors the groAvth of bold, dashing, sublime men, and vice versa. Men, Avhose boyhood ancl youth have been passed in mountain scenery, come upon the field of life Avith strong, hardy constitutions ancl invigorated intel lects — sound minds in sound bodies. Vermont is famous for good horses and stalwart men. Though Stuart is not one of the Vermont "six-footers," yet the material for such a man is compressed and refined into his organization of five feet six. "Cajitain Stuart is not the birth of the jiresent AA'ar excitement; he long ago showed a talent for military command, a strong penchant for a soldier's life, even in the most piping times of peace. Everything pertaining to the camp or field in history, or in the commotions of the old world AA'as ahvays seized upon by him as the choicest reading or neAvs. Over a year ago he had so infused his military ardor into the cpiiet, orderly, ancl unexcitable Scotch settlement of Elmira as to set on foot the organization of a. rifie company, ancl in May, 1860, the company was organized under the old militia huv. Stuart Avas elected captain by unanimous vote of the com pan v. Stephen AV Hill at the same time Avas elected first lieutenant, and Alexander Murchison, Jr., second lieutenant. He found in the settlement just the material for his company ; the Scotch in their characters are not, dissimilar to the Vermont mountaineers. P'he company achanced as far as they could, ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 451 but were unable to obtain arms from the state, probably for the very good reason that the state hadn't any. "So matters remained until the bombardment of Sumpter. No sooner had the neAvs reached Elmira, than Stuart set about filling up his company to tender them as volunteers. With his officers and part of the old company, as a nucleus, he drummed for recruits in different parts of the county ; he found no difficulty, only that most Avanted to enlist as officers, if he and his fellows would throw up their old coin- missions. His company was filled and tendered to the government, but Avas not accepted, though he spared no effort to get them in, ancl the company was disbanded, and the brave volunteers reluctantly gave up all hope of getting into serA'ice. " AfterAvard a special town meeting was called Avhich was attended by the people. The tax-payers of Elmira tOAvnship turned out gener ally; unlike the board of supervisors, they didn't stop to find out impediments in the Avay of being patriotic, but with unanimity and hearty zeal they voted a tax upon themselves of $700, for the purpose of uniforming volunteers; and responsible individuals on the spot sub scribed over $1980 for the support of families of volunteers in service — near twice the amount appropriated by the Avhole of Stark county for the same purpose. Individuals, sound and prompt, subscribed as high as $200 each. A new company Avas reorganized under the amended militia laws. Captain Stuart ancl the commissioned officers of the old Rifles joined it, and, unsolicited, threAv up their commissions, but ujion a neAV election they were all reelected to their former rank, ancl the company reported to headquarters. The members were scattered over considerable territory, and could not well be got together for drill oftener than once a Aveek. Seeing no immediate prospect of being called into service, they Avent about their ordinary pursuits, putting in crops, making brick, or Avhatever else they would have done if the country was at peace. AVhat followed is best related by a correspond ent of the Chicago Tribune of the 18th, AA'hich AA'e copy: " The Chicago Tribune of the 8th inst. announced the fact that the Elmira Rifles, Captain Stuart's company, had been accepted, and were required to be in Springfield on Thursday, the 13th inst. Of course such intelligence created no small stir in our midst, and not only the company, but the Avhole community were thrown into some degree of consternation. Ancl Avhat seemed to add to the difficulties in the way of being snatched off so suddenly, Avas the fact that Captain Stuart, who is a minute man, ahvays so active, energetic and indomitable, was at the time in the east, and no one here knew very well Avhere. In removing this difficulty, the other officers deserve much praise for the prompt itude with Avhich they acted. Lieutenant Hill took the lead, as was fitting he should, and Lieutenant Murchison Avorked uji to all just expectations; ancl all seemed determined to let no obstructions prevent them from coming up and responding to the demand. On Monday, the 10th, a very large meeting, consisting of the volunteers and citizens of the townships of Elmira and Osceola, was held to make some arrangements for the departure of the volunteers. At this meeting difficulties seemed to increase by a dispatch arriving from the Adjutant- 27 452 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. General from Springfield, stating that none Avould be received enlisting for a shorter term than three years. At that time the company's roll contained fifty-nine names, and in tAvo days after this, between eighty ancl ninety started en route for the service of their country. At the meeting on Monday, a committee was apjiointed to canvass the adjoin ing county, Avhich committee reported at an adjourned meeting held on Tuesday evening, that between 100 and 200 men had pledged their sacred honor ancl their every means for the support of the families of volunteers during their absence. At this meeting, also, arrangements Avere made for the departure of the soldiers on Wednesday, at 12 m. The ladies, who are ahvays so ready to work, Avere busily employed, and prepared and set a most excellent ancl sumptuous dinner before the volunteers and some 1,200 citizens. In the village of Osceola, the A'olunteers AA'ere met by tAvo military companies — a horse company, commanded by Cajitain Palmer Blanchard, ancl a foot comjiany by Captain Merrill. Three martial bands were in attendance — Dalrymple's band Avith our volunteers, and the other companies each had a band. The Avhole multitude assembled on the west side of the church, and after prayer, Ave had a sjiirited, patriotic, stirring farewell address from George Clifford, Esq., of Toulon. The dejiarting volunteers and other military companies present AA'ere then marched into the church, AA-here four tables', the Avhole length of the building, Avere groaning under the burden of good things Avhich they supported ; but though these Avere so temptingly displayed, prepared Avith so much care by the Avilling hands of the kind-hearted ladies, yet the soldiers seemed to baA'e little desire to partake of the food ; their hearts seemed to be so enlarged that the stomach had no room left in Avhich to jierform its functions. It is a good thing to knoAv that soldiers have hearts. After partaking of the dinner inside of the church, and the great multitude outside, the order was issued to fall into jirocession and march to Kewanee, the place of embarking on the cars for Chicago. The whole Avas under the direction of the marshal of the day, Captain Mark Blanchard, of Osceola, assisted by George Gray, Esq. The procession consisted of betAA'een one and tAvo hundred conveyances of various kinds. A num ber of four-horse vehicles Avere loaded to their utmost capacity. Ar riving at KeAA'anee, ancl being kindly received by the citizens of that place, the volunteers were marched up in front of the KeAvanee House, Avhere a few parting Avords Avere addressed to them by Rev. J. M. Graham, of Elmira, ancl Rev. Mr. R. C. Dunn, of Toulon. Captain P. Blanchard, of Bureau county, proposed that a collection be taken uj) for a little pocket money to bestoAv upon the A'olunteers. l^his being done, it amounted to something short of $100. It is proper here to say that every mark of kindness ancl respect avus sIioavh bv the citizens of KeAvanee to the company about to leave, and to their many friends Avho attended them to this point. Supper was furnished to the company, and all others, so far as Avas knoAvn by the writer, Avere pressed by various jiersons to take tea at different jilaces. The mul titude Avhich assembled in front of the Kewanee House at the time the Avords of fareAA'ell Avere being addressed to the soldiers has been variously estimated at from 2,000 to 4,000. All Ave knoAv about it is, ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 453 that it was an immense crowd, ancl all seemed to enter into the spirit of the occasion, and feel that it was an occasion of importance, such as never before was witnessed by most of those present. "We read here Avith a degree of mortification that the Elmira Rifles, citizens of our county, bound to us by every tie of citizenship, going forth from 'Molly Stark' to fight our battles, tearing them selves from home and friends, man}' probably never to return to us, were compelled to accept an escort from strangers from a for eign county. As much painful feeling exists upon the part of our El mira and Osceola friends because the Home Guards from Toulon did not do this duty, Ave have this apology to offer for them : First, that the sudden departure of the Elmira Rifles Avas not generally knoAvn to them, as it was expected they were not to leave before Friday, the Chicago Tribune announcing they were to report themselves at Spring field on the 15th, ancl not the 13th as stated in the above corre spondence. Second, and principally, because the treatment received by them at the hands of the board of supervisors was such as to dishearten and discourage the Guards to such a degree that it was impossible to rally them for any purpose. The just blame should rest on those Avho jiroduced that state of feeling, and not upon the community here, ex cept that portion of them who Avould gladly break up all volunteer com panies and freeze out the life-blood of patriotism in our county ; men Avho discourage the formation of volunteer companies. We can as sure our Elmira and Osceola friends that in spite of officials Ave shall do our duty hereafter. Right here we have an anecdote which ought to be saA'ed to history. On the second day of the meeting of the board of sujiervisors Avhen ' our member ' of the board had moved a reconsid eration of the vote appropriating six dollars to each volunteer for uni forming jiurposes, and the matter AA'as engaging discussion before the board, one said he thought the volunteers could drill without uniforms, and Avas opposed to giving them the first cent before called into ser- A'ice, and another had drilled many years in Ohio at his OAvn cost. A pious, devout member of the Elmira Rifles was in town bidding adieu to his friends. He is a prominent member of Mr. Dunn's church, and a A'ery quiet unexcitable man — J. B. are his initials. He was at din ner with the family of the orderly of the Home Guards. Noav said sergeant can, good-naturedly, and Ave think not very Avickedly, do a good business at swearing; in fact he is rather voluble in the emission of some naughty words which church-goers call SAvearing. J. B. saying to him that the board of supervisors had reconsidered their vote and he Avas afraid they Avere going to defeat the volunteers, he clinched his indignation against the board as folloAvs : ' Air. AV., you knoAv I can't SAvear, I Avish you Avould go doAvn ancl attend to those supervisors.' AA7. replied, ' I don't believe I can do the subject justice. but I'll go doAvn toAvn and see if I can't get T — , avIio can SAvear them to h — 1 and gone.' "To return to the Rifles. Captain Stuart has a Avife and tAvo chil dren. He is a farmer and well respected in the community Avhere he lives. He is in stature of medium size ancl put together for action rather than bulk. He is quick of perception, being of quick temper- 454 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. anient, and will at a glance decide the best position for his command, and Avill as quick execute his movements. A man of quick percep tions is as necessary upon the battle field as a man of courage, jiro- viding he does not lose self-control by too great an excitability. He is a man of warm heart, and will endear his comjiany to him. We predict a brilliant career for Captain Stuart. The responsibility of a commander is great ; the wives, families, friends ancl people of Stark county have committed to Captain Stuart the gravest responsibility, the lives, the honor of their husbands, fathers, brothers and sons, ancl the good fame of the county itself, ancl Ave shall hold him to a faithful account of his Stuart (Steward) ship. " First Lieutenant Stephen M. Hill is not unlike Stuart in his make ancl 'git up.' He leaves at home a, family — a Avife, and Ave believe eight children. Pie is highly esteemed at home, ancl we have no doubt he Avill fill his post Avith honor ancl credit to himself, his comptiny ancl county. He is a native of the State of New York as we are informed. Second Lieutenant Alexander Murchison, jr., is a young, unmarried man; by birth a Scotchman, but in America one of the Avarmest friends of the constitution, the union, ancl the free institu tions of our country. First Orderly Sergeant John S. Pashley, evi dently put up for the very jrarjiose of being an orderly sergeant of just such a company as the Elmira Rifles. He is a young man, married hoAvever, of the highest order of natural qualifications for an official position in the army. Pie Avill come out raised in rank. His manners are agreeable ancl he is bound to have Avarm friends. Second Orderly Sergeant William Jackson is a young, unmarried man, emi nently qualified for his post. He is a Scotchman, too. Third Orderly Sergeant J. IP. Hunter is a married man, ancl leaves a wife and several children. Pie is very highly spoken of. Fourth Orderly Sergeant Jas. G. Boardman is a young man, brother to Dr. Boardman, so Avell and favorably knoAvn in Stark county. He has been a medical student and just come home from his second course of lectures. He is said to be every Avay worthy, ancl Avill make an excellent officer. First Corporal James Jackson is a young Scotchman, brother of William Jackson. Every Avay worthy. Second Corporal James Montooth is every inch a man. We would caution the enemy not to get in striking distance of ' Jim.' Pie's pluck to the backbone ; he's game to the last. If you don't be lieve it, ask that volunteer who stayed in Chicago drunk and didn't go doAvn to the camp to be sworn in. Jim met him in the street and just took him out of his shirt and brought the shirt back to camp. Third Corporal, Charles PL Brace, is a young man. son of Myrtle G. Brace, Esq., of Elmira. ' Charlie' will give a, good account of himself. Fourth Corporal, Robert A. Turnbull is a young man, a nepbeAv of 'Uncle John,' Avhich is a sufficient guaranty that he is all right. Had Ave space and time it Avould afford us pleasure to speak more at length of all the officers ancl privates. We do say that the officers seem to be exactly qualified for their respective posts, ancl that they have been placed in their jiositions Avith a single vievv to their qualifications. The privates include some of the best men of our county, and Ave are not surprised to notice that the comjiany ranks the best in the service of ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 455 the state, best in orderly, sober materials for a company. Chicago papers and peojile so regard them, and justly, too." * * * This organization, Avhich became, after they Avere mustered into service, Company B, Nineteenth regiment, United States A'olunteers, was the first to leaA'e our county for the defense of the Union ; and the next Ave think was the "Lafayette Rifles," known after enlistment as Com jiany B, Thirty-seventh regiment, United States volunteers. The first named Avere SAVorn into the service of the United States in June, 1861 ; the second in August of the same year. " The Lafayette Rifles " Avere commanded by Captain Charles Dickinson, a man who Avould perhaps bear "lionizing" as Avell as Captain Stuart, of the Elmira comjiany, but penned in the cooler at mosphere of 1876 such gushing tributes would apjiear over-wrought. So Ave leaA'e Cajitain Dickinson to be praised by his honorable record, and that of his comjiany. They rendezvoused near Chicago, at a place named Camp Webb, in honor of their colonel. They were at Vicks burg from the 11th of June, 1862, till the surrender, July 4, 1863. Then Avent to Yazoo City, had a skirmish there, then to NeAV Orleans, and BroAvnville, in at the capture of the latter. This about concluded their first term of service, and they Avere permitted to come home on " veteran furlough " and to vote for President Lincoln, but Avith ranks sadly thinned by the risks of battle ancl the diseases incident to camp life. During the summer of 1865 they Avere on garrison duty nearly all the time, along the Mississippi river, Avere present at the surrender of Mobile, and helped storm the works at Fort Blakely. Yet Captain Dickinson says their regiment Avas more famous for marching than fighting. BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. The general history and foregoing pages of this chapter may be said to contain every name and event connected Avith the settlement and jtrogress of this division of the county. Here many of the lead ing actors in those stirring scenes, Avhich mark the history of Elmira for over half a century, are portrayed, so that these pages, taken Avith the former ones, constitute at once a most complete history of this dh'ision of Stark county. John Adams, born in Cumberland county, Me., in 1794, served in Cajitain Knight's company in 1812, as drafted for the defense of Port land, came to Illinois in 1853, died in Elmira toAvnship Jan. 21, 1879. Israel Adams, his father, died at Freejiort, 111., served under Arnold in the Quebec expedition, ancl his grandfather, Moses Adams, was a son of one of the tAvo Adams Avho came after the Plymouth settlement Avas made. James Armstrong, Sr., avIio came from Scotland in 1855, died in Elmira toAvnship in August, 1876, aged eighty-three years. Louis Austin, of Elmira, died NoA'ember 15, 1878, finishing his apprenticeship as pioneer of that tOAvnship. Matthew Bell, who came with his parents to Hamilton, Canada, in 1832, came to Valley toAvnship in 1852, and in 1853 moved to Elmira. In 1849 he married Jane Mulholland, of Wentworth county, Canada. Wm. D. Blanchard, an old settler of Elmira, died May 13, 1881. .- 456 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Mrs. Abby 21. Blanchard, widow of W. D. Blanchard, died August 18, 1885. She Avas born in Maine in 1811, married in 1853, and came here that year. Eugene, the youngest son of Mark Blanchard, of Elmira, died at Stuart, la., in September, 1883. On November 12, 1886, Mrs. Ann Blanchard, wife of J. Blanchard, aged sixty -five years, died. She was the daughter of Hugh and Anna White, pioneers of the county, and more recently of Harvey county, Kan. Dr. Edwin Bowland Boardman, was born in Luzerne county, Pa., March 3, 1829. His father, Orlando, was a native of Massachusetts; grandfather, a native of Connecticut, and great-grandfather a native of Great Britain. His mother, Mary Brace, Avas born in NeAV York state, to which her father's people moved from Connecticut prior to the Revolution. Orlando Boardman was born in 1789 ; moved to Pennsylvania in 1828 ; having jireviously been engaged in the drug trade in Saratoga county, N. Y "., Avhere he Avas married, and Avhere three of his children Avere born, namely : William PL, Jane E. and Persis P. Their son, Edwin, was born in Pennsylvania. Airs. Alary (Brace) Boardman died in 1832. Five years later he married Miss Ann Goble, to whom were born James G., Alary and Margaret E. In 1840 the family moved to Illinois, and settled on a farm in Paw PaAV Grove, Lee county. There his Avife died in 1866 and himself in June, 1873. Dr. E. R. Boardman was educated in the schools of PaAV Paw, studied medicine there under Dr. G. W. Hunt, subsequently attended the Indiana Medical School at La Porte, from which he graduated in 1849, ancl commenced practice in this township. His marriage Avith Miss Hannah, daughter of Ambrose ancl Hannah (Munson) Fuller was solemnized September 12, 1850. To them ten children were born, namely : Charles 0., deceased ; Mary H., married at Creston, IoAva ; Edwin O., a jihysician of Osceola, this county ; Nancy J., married, of Kuya Paha county, Neb.; Sarah O, deceased ; James A. deceased ; Adella S., deceased ; George D., William H. and Anna L., residing at home. In 1852 the doctor purchased a farm, Avhich he carried on in connection with his professional duties. In 1881 he Avas appointed public administrator for this county. For forty-three years he has been a member of the Baptist church, his Avife being also a member. He has been a Republican since the organization of the party ; but his busy professional life and farm Avork left him little time to be active in politics. ( Vide eh. on Physicians.) Dr Edwin 0. Boardman, son of Dr. E. R. and Hannah (Fuller) Boardman, pioneers of this township, Avas born here, May 18, 1855. The summers of his early years were passed on his father's farm and the winters in attendance on school. In 1871-3 he Avas at the East PaAV Paw schools; then read medicine under the direc tion of his father; subsequently was a student of Rush Medical College, Chicago, ancl graduated in the spring of 1878. In July of that year he married Miss Mila J., daughter of Miles and Alary L. (Ames) Huestis, natives of New York. Her grandfather Huestis "was a native of France, a shoemaker by trade, and her grandmother Huestis an Alsatian or Lorrainer. Her grandfather and grandmother Ames were natives of New York and were farmers of that state. Miss OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 457 Huestis Avas born at Victor, De Kalb county, 111., May 20, 1858, and resided in De Kalb county until her marriage. She attended the Teachers' Institute ancl Classical Seminary at East PaAV Paw from 1871 until 1S74; from 1874 until 1877 attended the graded schools of Sandwich, 111. Her parents died while she was quite young, leaving her to fight the battles of life alone. Dr. Boardman commenced practice here with his father in 1878 ; but soon after moved to Osceola village, Avhere he established an office and still shares the full confi dence of the people. In religious matters he belongs to the Baptist church, is tolerant as all intelligent men must be, and fully recognizes Avhat is good in all other denominations The children of Dr. ancl Mrs. Boardman are Miles E. and Mary Alice. ( Vide History of Board- man Family) Charles Bolt, deceased, son of James ancl Catherine (Aron) Bolt, natives of Scotland and Bucks county, Pa., respectively, was born in Philadelphia, June 19, 1814. James Bolt was a seafaring man. The son, Charles, on coming of age, learned the blacksmith's trade, and worked at this trade until he left his native city, in 1841, for Osceola Grove with his children by his first Avife, Samuel and Catherine Bolt. Here on January 19, 1842, he married Catherine Slifer, a sister-in-law of the Vandykes. Samuel Bolt married Miss Mary Snell, iioav Mrs. Mary Gleeson, before the Avar. Catherine was also the head of a family of three children when she died, March 10, 1879. To the second mar riage there 'were no children, but the family adopted three, namely : Rebecca BroAvn, married, residing in Osceola toAvnship ; Lamont Palmer, married, a resident of Penn township, and Josephine Ploadley, married, residing at Salem, O. Charles Bolt followed blacksmithing and farm ing for a number of years after moving to Illinois, his first farm being in Elmira tOAvnship, biit afterward he purchased a land warrant of eighty acres in Penn tOAvnship, Avhere he erected his residence. A few years after his removal here, he engaged in store-keejiing, and carried on this in connection Avith his farm until his death, February 23, 1884. In jiolitics he AA-as a member of the Greenback jiarty, in religion a Free Will Baptist, and in business and social matters a man who claimed the resjiect of every one. He served as school director and col lector for several terms, and ahvays took a lively interest in anything which promised benefits to his district. His widoAv, Mrs. Catherine Slifer Bolt, resides in Elmira township, just norttuvest of Modena. Like the Vandykes and Slifers, she is a member of the Old School Baptist church. 2lyrtle G. Brace, born in Washington county, N. Y., in 1808, settled in Stark county in 1835 or 1836, preempting a one-quarter section in Elmira township, subsequently purchased 170 acres, and set out the groves and orchards, and in 1850 built a large farm-house. His sons Orlando and Charles, served in the One-hundred-and-twenty-fourth Illinois Infantry and Nineteenth Illinois Infantry, respectively, the former being wounded at Spanish Fort. A reference to the general history points out his service as justice of the peace and representative. While returning from Chicago, where he was a juror in the United States court, he died on the cars. ( Vide History of Orlando Brace) 458 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Lochlin Buchanan, son of John and Margaret (McLennan) Bu chanan, Avas born in Rossbire, Scotland, September 16, 1834. His parents were married there in 1816. They came to the United States in 1852, bringing with them their four children, Alexander, deceased ; Catherine, avIio married Duncan Matheson, noAv living in Wisconsin ; Lochlin, the subject of this sketch, and John, a resident of Colorado. One of the family, Betsy, who married Duncan Murchison, came. Avith him to America in 1849 and both died here, while another daughter resides still in Scotland. John, the father of this family died on his farm here, September 14, 1860. Lochlin Buchanan married Miss Christina McLennan, January 1, 1857. Her parents, John and Bar bara (McKenzie) McLennan, came to NeAV Hampshire in 1832, and after several removals settled in Elmira, Avhere her father died in 1872. Her mother iioav resides at KeAvanee, 111. Lochlin removed to his farm shortly after his marriage. In 1861 he visited California, Avas a gold miner in Oregon, Idaho, Montana, at Plelena, and Fort Benton, ancl other places, but after six years returned to his family, ancl re sumed the development of his original purchase. He purchased 280 acres additional on section 2S, Avhere he noAv makes his home. Of their seA'en children, six are living, John D. resides in Henry county; Lochlin, Jr., is a resident of Elmira; Barbara A., Christina L., Margaret A. and George R. reside Avith parents. Plis Avife is a mem ber of Knox church, and he is a supporter of that church. In politics he is decidedly Republican, earnest in school matters, prominent in Masonic circles ancl altogether a citizen of excellent, parts. Lochlin 21. Buchanan. Avas born in Elmira March 12, 1860. He is the son of Lochlin and Christina (AlcLennan) Buchanan. His younger years Avere passed on the farm ancl in attending the district schools, until he greAV to manhood, Avhen he engaged in farming. In 1881 he Avas married to Miss Clara E. Jackson, daughter of James and Eliza beth (Sturm) Jackson, the former being a native of Pennsylvania, the latter a native of Ohio. After his marriage the subject of onr sketch engaged in farming and stock-groWing, and in connection with his farm interest, added a steam thresher ancl other machinery of advan tage to his immediate locality. He has also of late years been buying and shipping stock, buying the greater amount of stock that he fed on his farm. In jiolitics he has ever voted the Republican ticket. He is not a member of any church but lends his support to the American Presbyterian church of Elmira. His family consists of three children, namely: Harry Ross, Georgia Monroe and Maud Gertrude. Mr. Buchanan is a young man Avho has lived in Elmira toAvnship all his life, built around him a fine home ancl Avon the respect and confidence of all Avith whom he has had any dealing. His farm embraces 240 acres Avell improved. Asa Abbott Bunton, deceased, born in CharlestoAvn, Mass., June 14, 1834, came to this toAvnship in 1854, and here engaged in farming for a short time. Being a machinist by trade, he moved to Chicago and there took a position in the shops, subsequently Avorked in the shops at Rock Island, and in 1858 returned to this county, where he married Aliss Mary L., daughter of Thomas and Mary Jane (Craig) Lyle. Her OP ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 461 father Avas born in Scotland, in March, 1809, came to the United States in his youth, learned the stone- cutter's trade in Vermont, and there married Miss Mary J., daughter of James ancl Margaret Craig — natives of Vermont — in February, 1837. They came to Osceola Grove that year, ancl were engaged in agriculture on the old home stead until their removal to KeAvanee, 'in 1877. Of their ten children, Plelen L. is married, residing in Page county, Ia. ; Mary L. married Mr. Bunton ; Lucy C. married, residing at Kewanee, Ills. ; Carlos B. married a resident of this toAvnship ; James B. and an infant, deceased ; Emily, unmarried, residing Avith her father at KeAvanee; Plorace E., married, residing on old homestead, and tAvo younger children deceased. Thomas Lyle, Avhile a supjiorter of all churches, is not a member of any religious society. In politics he is decidedly Republican. Asa Bunton continued farming, after his marriage, until August 9, 1862, Avhen he enlisted in Company A, One-hundrecl-and-tAventy -fourth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Avith Avhich command he served honorably until August, 1865. Of his three children, George Bartlett, married, resides in this toAvnship; Mabel J. died June 7, 1886, ancl Fred. L. resides at home. In politics he was Republican, but not aggressive ; in religion a member of the Congregational church of Kewanee, ancl in social matters a sound, honest citizen. He held the office of school director for years. James Buswell, born at Peacham, Vt., in 1793, came to Illinois in 1833, brought his family in 1834, ancl in 1835 came to Elmira toAvn- ship, with ten friends, known as the " Peoria Party," Avhere each en tered a quarter section. Early in 1837 he came here Avith his family, bought a second quarter section from Governor Duncan, Avhere he built a house in 1845, drawing the lumber himself from Chicago. He served as Justice of the Peace for many years, as related in other pages, had seen the prairie turned into cultivated fields, and the unten anted wigAvams of the Indians give place to pleasant, Avell ordered vil lages. One of his sons, Nicholas C. Buswell, of Princeton, was Lieu tenant Colonel of the Ninety-third Illinois Infantry. James Cinnamon, son of John ancl Sarah (McGinnis) Cinnamon, Avas born in DoAvn county, Ireland, in March, 1826. His ancestors are said to haA'e settled there during the invasion of England by " William the Conqueror," and today several representatives of the family may be found there. James left Ireland in 1847, and coming to Canada, settled at Kingston. Eighteen months later Ave find him at Chicago, ancl January 1, 1849, at Lacon, 111., engaged as house carpenter. On May 8, 1851, he married Miss Flora A., daughter of Robert ancl Phoebe (Newton) Sharer, the father a native of NeAV York ancl the mother of Luzerne county, Pa. Robert Sharer, son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Taylor) Sharer, was born April 13, 1803. Samuel AA'as a native of Ireland ancl his Avife of England. Of their children, Robert, William and James Avere born in York state, and Joseph, David, Sam uel, Thomas, Elias and Sarah A. after their removal into Luzerne county, Pa. Robert Sharer married Phoebe NeAvton July 5, 1830, to Avhom five children, Mrs. Flora A. Cinnamon being the only one noAv living. He and family moved to Wyoming, this county, in 1835; es- Missing Page Missing Page 462 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES tablished a shoemaker's shop here, but after a short time took up a claim of 160 acres in Elmira, toAvnship, on Section 35 ; remained there for eleven years, AA'hen he purchased 80 acres on Section 34, where he resided until his death, February 3, 1873. His Avife died August 4, 1*78. Hei' father was a soldier of 1812. James Cinnamon, after his marriage, remained at Lacon a feAv years, moved in April, 1857, to El mira toAvnship, purchased 80 acres on Section 33, and farmed up to 1861, Avhen he, being a member of the "Elmira Rifles," was mustered into the United States service on June 17, with Company B, Nine teenth Illinois AXunteer Infantry, and served until mustered out July 9, 18(U. He resumed farming here that year, and now cnvns 463 acres of land in this toAvnship. Mr. C. is a Royal Arch Mason, supports the Presbyterian church, although not a member, has served several terms as school director, was Commander of James Jackson Post No. 37, G. A. R., for one year. He is Republican in politics. Mr. and Airs. Cinnamon are the jiarents of eleA'en children, seven of whom are living, namely: George, married, ancl iioav liA'ing in Clay county, Ne braska ; William James, residing at home ; Mary B., married, ancl is living in this county ; Hugh, Flora E., Echvin and Thomas A., all re siding at home. Mr. Cinnamon Avas one of eight children, namely : William, married, and lives in Canada, East ; John, deceased ; George ancl Joseph, deceased; James, herein named; Robert, married, and lives in Marshall county, this state ; Elizabeth ancl Jane, married, ancl living at London, England. David Currier Avas born in Caledonia County, Vt., January 3, 1S16. Plis father, Asa Currier, (son of David ancl Elizabeth (Peabody) Currier, natives of Massachusetts) was born in the. same county April 1, 1790. Asa married Miss Sally Willy in Vermont, and resided there until 1838, when they came to Elmira Township, purchased a claim of 160 acres of land here, on Avhich he resided a few years. Moving to Osceola Township, he purchased a second tract, and Avas engaged in farming there until his death, Alarch 18, 1868. His Avife died March 1, 1873. Asa Avas the second son of David Currier-, ancl one of a fam ily of eight children, namely : Jonathan, Asa, David, Joseph, Betsy, Sarah, Abigail ancl Victoria. Prior to his migration to Illinois he supported his family, learned shoemaking, but during his life here he devoted all his attention to farming. David, the subject of this sketch. received a common school education in his native state, and Avorked on the farm for a number of years. Pie migrated westward in 1836, and arrived at Peoria, October 14, that year. On January 20, 1837, he came to this township (toAvnship 14, range 6, Putnam County) and took up a claim of 160 acres, the same on Avhich he iioav resides. In 1839 he married Miss Rebecca J., daughter of William and Agnes Parks, natives of Virginia, AVashington County, avIio settled here before this time. To this union seven children were born, of whom three are living — William P. and Martha B., residing here, and Oliver B. (Currier) married Rebecca Olive BarloAv, avIio lives at Blandville, McDonough County. The mother of these children died January 5, 1855, and in May, 1857, Mr. Currier married Miss Caroline K. Pattridge, daughter of Joseph and Catherine (Willard) Pattridge, na- OP ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 463 tives of and married in New Hampshire, moved to Caledonia County, Vt., and thence to Osceola Township, in 1864, where Mrs. Pattridge died in February, 1865, ancl her husband in September, 1873. Mr. Cur rier served on the first grand jury ever called in this county, has filled several toAvnship offices, is a member of the American Presbyterian church, and in politics a Douglas Democrat. Pie is the OAvner of 385 acres of fertile land in this township, and for half a century one of the foremost farmers of the county. Brady Fowler, son of Maurice ancl Sarah (Bell) Fowler, Avas born in Philadelphia, Pa., of Avhich city his parents were natives, September 24, 1S08. With his wife, Rebecca Wiseman, and three children, he settled in Elmira ToAvnship, on Section 4, in 1836, ancl resided there for forty-two years, Avhen he moved to Toulon village. Of his chil dren, Jane (married), John, Martin, Goshen ; John resides in Toulon Township ; Kirk H. is in Colorado ; Jonathan W. in Iowa ; Tillie is wife of J. Mosher, of Fairmont, Neb.; Sarah married Alex. McKen zie, of Toulon ToAvnship, and Mary is unmarried. Mrs. Fowler died in 1882, and Avas interred in Elmira cemetery. Air. FoAvler's name occurs in the general history, and is often mentioned in the toAvnship sketches. Mrs. Rebecca N. (Wiseman) Fowler died at Elmira, Octo ber 14, 1882, aged seA'enty-seven years. She was born in Cumberland County, Pa., in 1806; married Brady FoAvler in 1831, ancl in 1836 came with her husband to Osceola, Grove. Laton Fuller, son of Ambrose ancl Hannah (Munson) Fuller, was born in Luzerne county, Pa., August 9, 1818. His father was born in Connecticut, September 7, 1790 and his mother was born, March 15, 1797, the date of marriage being March 19, 1816. Of their eleven children, nine are living, namely : Ansell, born February 19, 1817, died April 30, 1863; Laton, referred to above; Clinton, born October 3, 1820, residing here; Walter, born April 20, 1822, residing here; Lucy M. born September 25, 1824, married, residing in Osceola tOAvn- ship, lantha, born June 10, 1827, married, residing at MarshalltoAvn, la., Ambrose, jr., born November 19, 1829, a widower, also residing in IoAva; Hannah, born January 28, 1832, married, residing here; Melinda, born August 30, 1834, unmarried ; Emilene, born April 18, 1838, died October 8, 1847; and Nancy, born March 30, 1842, married, residing in Iowa. The parents of this large family came to this state and county in 1839 and to this toAvnship in 1840. When the lands came into market he purchased the claim on Avhich he built his cabin, ancl resided here until his death, May 30, 1845, his wife surviving until December 16, 1884. Laton Fuller passed his earlier years on a farm or working in a saw and grist mill. Some time after the family came, here, he purchased eighty acres in Henry county, Avhich he im proved, sold and moved to this townshij), where he purchased a quarter section. Another feAv years, ancl he sold his second farm, moved into the village, ancl has led a retired life doAvn to the jiresent time. His first vote AA'as for Harrison, and every vote since has been for aa big or republican. During the war he Avas a member of the Union League, has been school trustee of the township for several terms. He is not a member of any religious society. 464 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Clinton Fuller, son of Ambrose and Hannah (Munson) Fuller, was born in Luzerne county, Pa., October 3, 1820. IPis earlier years were those common to boys in the Wyoming Valley during the first part of the century. In 1839 he came here Avith his parents and assisted them in building up their home. In 1853 he purchased 160 acres on section 29, stocked and improved it ancl in 1855 added eighty acres to the original purchase. Here he Avas engaged up to 1865, Avhen he estab lished the Puller store at Elmira, and this large business he has carried on in connection Avith his farm doAvn to this time. In 1858 he married Miss Eliza, daughter of Isaac ancl Ann (Wicks) Harris, natives of Duchess county, N. Y. To them one child was born, avIio died in infancy. The mother died January 25, 1882. Mr. Fuller cast his first vote for Henry Clay, ancl Avhen the Republican party Avas formed be Avas among its first adherents, and is today one of the great party's most faithful members. In 1852 he was elected sheriff of Stark county. In 1865 he Avas appointed postmaster at Elmira, holding the office down to the jiresent time. In townshiji and school matters he has been trusted Avith several official positions. During the troublous days of 1861-5 he Avas a member of the Union League, ancl other or ganizations, but today only claims membership with the Odd FelloAvs. A reference to the history of the toAvnship points out the several parts he has taken here ; so also does the general history contain references to his dealings Avith the county. Walter Munson Fuller, son of Ambrose and Hannah (Munson) Fuller, was born in Pennsylvania, September 20, 1822. His father moved to Pennsylvania Avith parents in his youth, worked on the homestead farm, there learned the millwright's trade, married Miss Munson, and in 1839 came to this count}', settling on lands Avhich he purchased on section 20, Elmira toAvnship. Walter M. received a liberal and practical education. On January 1, 1849, he married Miss Chloe M., a daughter of James ancl Diana RoAve, natives of Maine. Her father died in 1827; her mother married again, and Avith her Mrs. Fuller came here in 1 839. (In 1854 her mother and step father moved to IoAva, Avhere she died in 1859.) They are the parents of four children : James A., deceased ; William W., head of a family in this toAvnshiji ; Augusta, unmarried, and Luella May, married and residing here. After Mr. Fuller's marriage he jmrchased the interests of his father's heirs in the homestead farm of 110 acres, to which he has since added 190 acres of farm land and 50 acres of timber lands, all in this townshiji. Mr. Fuller has been a member of the Methodist Ejiiscopal church for over thirty years, his wife and daughters being also members. He has been toAvnship school treasurer for thirty-four years, justice of the peace for ten years, ancl toAvn clerk thirty years. To learn of the part he has taken in building nji the social and indus trial interests of Elmira, the reader is referred to the chajiter on the history of that townshiji. William Winfield Fuller, son of Walter and Chloe (RoAve) Fuller, Avas born in Elmira, toAvnship, Stark county, 111., July 16, 1852. IPis father Avas a Pennsylvanian, and mother a native of Maine, as related in other jiages. William W. passed his earlier years on the farm or OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 465 attending the district schools. At the age of sixteen he entered Hed- ding College, at Abingdon, 111., and at the age of nineteen years took charge of a school in this toAvnship, over Avhich he jiresided four terms. On February 9, 1874, he married Miss Sarah Frances, daughter of Elliott and Eleanor (McCoy) Boggs, and grand-daughter of AndreAv ancl Hannah (BoAven) Boggs, natives of Virginia, avIio Avere married there in 1800; moved to Gallia county, O., AA'here he died in 1840 and she in 1846. Elliott Boggs Avas born in Ohio, April 27, 1813, Avas mar ried in 1839 to Eleanor McCoy, to Avhom were born three sons ancl four daughters. Of these, Lavinia J., married, resides at Yates City; Elizabeth, married, resides in Kansas; AVilliam, married, is a citizen of Nebraska; Addison, married, of IoAva, and Sarah F., AA'ife of AV. W. Fuller. The mother of those children is the daughter of James ancl Elizabeth (Gillan) McCoy, natives of Virginia, Mrs. McCoy being a daughter of James and Lydia (Armstrong) Gillan, an old Virginia family. Elliott Boggs was a carpenter, avIio, in 1840, after his mar riage, moved to Virginia ancl engaged in farming, in connection with his trade. In 1862 he returned to Ohio, and in 1864 came to Knox county, 111., where he resided until 1875, when he moved to Iowa, where he died, September 28, 1883. AV. AV. Fuller, after his marriage, engaged in farming, in partner ship Avith his father, here; and is still interested in agriculture. In 1883 he accepted a position as clerk in a mercantile house at Elmira. In politics be is republican, in church membership ind ejien dent, but a supporter of the Methodist Episcojial society here. As related in the history of Toulon, he is a member of the Odd FelloAVS lodge there. Mr. ancl Mrs. Fuller are the parents of two children, Frank R. ancl Laura L. Fuller. Charles L. Gerard, son of Nicholas and Frances (Lignon) Gerard, both natives of France, was, born in LeAvis county, N. Y., January 24, 1834. The grandfather's family came to the LTnited States in 1829, ancl settled in Lewis county, N. Y. In 1854 they removed to Calumet county, Wis., and there grandfather Avas engaged in farming until his death in 1862, aged 110 years. In 1856 he walked three miles to cast his vote for Buchanan. In religion he belonged to the Catholic church, with his Avife ancl eight children. One of his sons — Nicholas, father of Charles L., Avas married in France, settled in LeAvis county, N. Y ., in 1826, resided some time at Albany ancl Cleveland, dying in the last named city in 1844. His AvidoAV remarried and resides in Kansas. Like his father, he Avas the jiarent of eight children. Tavo died in infancy. Eugene and Joseph are among the dead. John resides in Minnesota, Charles L. in Elmira, Frank in Wisconsin, ancl George in Elmira. He served under Napoleon at Waterloo. Charles L. Gerard passed his early years in Ohio. Moving from Cuyahoga to Huron county, Ohio, at the age of fifteen years, ancl to Fond du Lac, Wis., tAvo years later, Avhere he learned the carpenter's trade. On August 23, 1855, he married Miss Henrietta M., daughter of William and Han nah (Blood) Leason. Her father Avas born in Lincoln county, Maine, October 9, 1803, and her mother in Merrimac county, N. H, August 20, 1804. They settled in Stark county in 1844, moved to Wisconsin 466 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES in 1857 and after a feAv years returned to Stark. Mrs. William Leason died in 1880. To Mr Gerard and Avife nine children were born — Hannah E., of Osceola; Mary M., deceased; Martha F., of Elmira; Caroline A., Sylvia E., Anna L., Charles N., James L. and Edith M. In 1857 he and family came to Stark county. In 1864 he jiurchased a small tract on section thirty-six, Elmira, and now owns 200 acres mostly improved. In 1861 he became a republican. At one time he Avas a member of the United Brethren Church, but no av supports all Christian churches. He is an Odd Fellow, has served as school director, and since 1860, Avhen he made the overland trip to Pike's Peak, has been steadily engaged in building up the agricultural and social interests of his toAvnship. The Hall Family. — The immigration and settlement of this family in Elmira haA'e been so ably dealt Avith by Mrs. Shallenberger, a daughter of one of the pioneers, the Avriter finds it only necessary to add to the original, a sketch of the late Mrs. Ann Hall, and one rewritten from Air. Moffit's notes, of Robert Hall. Mrs. Shallenberger says : "The Halls, of Avhom I Avrite, are directly descended from Thomas Plall and Sarah, his Avife, nee Cokayne, of IPulland, Derbyshire, England. T'here they once formed a large ancl vigorous family, brothers and sisters a dozen in number, living to pass the meridian of life an unbroken band. ' Mansel Park,' the old English homestead, is still enshrined in the memory of the farthest Avanderer of them all. At different times dur ing the years 1836, 1837, and 1838, nine of these brothers ancl sisters crossed the sea, and settled in what is noAv Stark county, Illinois. The first installment Avas Robert and his sister Mary, William and his Avife Anne. Next came Langley, by the Avay of New Orleans, that he might at less expense bring with him a few fine sheep ancl dogs with which to begin life in the neAV world. He suffered shipAvreck off the Florida coast, but after being- reduced to great straits of hunger and fatigue was in common Avith his shipmates rescued, and he finally arrived at the Osceola settlement. Then in 1837, came Thomas, with his wife ancl four children, bringing also with him his aged father, Elizabeth (Mrs. Harvey), her husband and five children. Some months later, John, George ancl Fanny, accompanied by Miss Sarah Ligo, who shortly afterAvards married Langley Hall. After about tAventy years' residence here, John Langley and George, lured by promises of a more desirable climate, again took up the line of march Avestward, and settled upon the farther slojie of the Rocky mountains, where they still reside. Mary became the AA'ife of Mr. Orrin Hasarcl of Nejionset, Bureau county, 111.; and Fanny, the youngest of the family, married Hon. Josejih Harris, of Boyd's Grove, in the same county. Mrs. Plarvey and AVilliam rest beside their father in the family burial ground at Osceola., AA'hile their mother sleeps beneath the sea. At this Avriting, in 1876, Thomas and Robert and the Avidow of William, alone remain to Stark county of those Avho Avere adult at the date of the first emi gration. Their father was a plain, sturdy Englishman, of tall stature and rugged features; in faith, a Metnodist, and contemporary with John AVesley and Aclam Clark ; in politics a radical ; making no pre tension to aristocratic tastes or descent, he Avas yet a man of strong OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 467 common sense and strict integrity. But in their mother's A^eins ran gentler blood. Her progenitors had come from Normandy with the 'conqueror;' some old writers say Avere allied to him, but hoAveArer that may be, they carried his banners on the bloody field of Hastings, ancl were reAvardecl for their valor by princely gifts of land ancl honors. They seem to have been ever an eminently loyal race, always fighting for or Avith their king. A great grandson of the Cokayne knighted at the 'taking' of Edinburg Avas Sir Ashton Cokayne. * * * * But in 1780, or thereabout, the male line of this old family became extinct, tAvo sisters only being heirs to the traditions of the Cokaynes of Derby shire.* These sisters became in course of time, Mrs. Earp ancl Mrs. Hall. Thus the old name was extinct, or preserved only as a prefix among their descendants, ancl it is curious to observe that few of them have failed to pay this sly tribute to pride of blood, even in the midst of a republicanism that professes to sneer at such distinc tions. The marriage betAveen Thomas Hall and Sarah Cokayne, occurred probably in 1797. In 1837 this aged couple set sail for America, in company with the family of Dr. Thomas Hall, ancl their eldest daughter, Mrs. Harvey ; but the weary sea voyage of over six Aveeks' duration Avas too much for the already failing health of Mrs. Hall, who sunk from exhaustion induced by excessive sea sickness, a feAv days before the vessel reached the harbor of New York. The rec ollections of that sad funeral can never fade from the memories of those avIio Avitnessed it, even in their early childhood, or the aged husband's last tribute to the virtues of his Avife, Avrung from his breaking heart as she Avas carried past him on the ship-deck, all shrouded in sail-cloth and weighted, preparatory to her burial beneath the sea. These Avere his Avorcls : ' FareAvell, thou best of Avomen.' The solemn rites of the English church Avere performed over one avIio had ahvays loved them Avell. The body Avas then reverently loAvered to the surface of the Avaves which silently closed over it and told no tales of soitoav. P'he remainder of this group of emigrants Avith smitten hearts pursued their journey toAvard a land of strangers. Passing up the lovely Plud son, its banks clothed in all the freshness of early summer, they came to Albany, thence to Buffalo by the Erie canal, then by steam to Cleve land, from Cleveland to Portsmouth by Ohio canal, again to Cairo ancl St. Louis by so-called steamboats, but Avhich Avere hardly more than a caricature of the boats that have since plied our Avestern Avaters. Our * John Savage makes the only modern reference to the Cokayne family. On page 51, he says : "At length, in 1794, the arrest and trial of Rev. William Jackson (a Prot estant clergyman) drew the suspicions of the English government upon Tone. Jackson. on the r presentations of an old Irishman named Madget, engaged in the department of foreign affairs at Paris, was sent l>y the French government lo sound the people of Ire land respecting their inclination for French aid. He was accompanied from England by one Cokayne, an English attorney, to whom he indiscreetly opened his mind, being seduced by the lawyer's apparent truth. With Wolfe Tone, as the chief mind of the rev olutionary parties, Jackson had many conferences ; but Tone, disgusted with the rash confidence placed in Cokayne. never spoke in the presence of that person. ' This busi ness,' said he to Jackson, 'is one thing for us Irishmen, but the Englishman who engages in it must be a traitor or a common informer.' As Tone foresaAv, the Englishman Avas as he thought he was. Jackson was arrested on his information, and by his death proved his truth to that cause which he so foolishly jeopardized." — Ed. 468 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES travelers left St. Louis on the ' Swift Sure (?)' on Friday morning, and did not reach Peoria until Tuesday night. They passed Alton on Sunday morning as people Avere going to church, and on Monday morning were still just above the city tied to a tree ! as through some defect in her engine the Swift Sure could not stem the current and there AA'as clanger of her being drifted back during the night. So much for the pleasures of traveling in 1837. But Peoria was finally reached on the night of Jul}' 4, and the emigrants learned something, new to them, of the confusion ancl disorder following a celebration of Independence day. Several days passed ere teams could be secured ancl drivers sober enough to manage them, to convey the tivo families ancl their effects to Wyoming, their ultimate goal being Osceola Grove. Peoria Avas then but a hamlet on the lake. A half-built hotel on the corner of Main and Water streets, kept by Garrett, afforded shelter to strangers. On the evening of July the 8th, the tAvo families, and Thomas Plall, sr.,- arrived at the house of General Thomas, at Wyo ming, ancl had seen but one log hut since leaving Peoria. Early oil the morning of the 9th, the doctor hired a horse of General Thomas, and made his Avay to 'Vandyke's ford,' there received fresh directions by means of which he found his brother William's cabin in clue time. Soon an ox team and big Avagon Avere on their way to Wyoming, and after sundry experiences, novel as trying to the occupants of the big Avagon, home Avas at last reached, and brothers and sisters, parted Aveary months before in England, Avere noAv re-united in Illinois. But the congratulations of what would otherwise have been such a happy meeting, were droAvned in tears at mention of their honored mother whom they could no longer eA'en hope to see again on earth. " We must now go back in the order of time some eighteen months, or to Februarv, 1836, Avhen the first installment of this family sailed for the neAV world, and, as might be expected, met even greater obstacles ancl privations in the course of their journey than were encountered by the second group, to which Ave have briefly alluded, as at this period of history every subsequent year rendered emigration easier and pleas- anter; some one has said 'a Avinter passage of the Atlantic is but a short cut to a watery grave,' ancl too often it proves so, even in these days of improved navigation. Let those avIio can, imagine its horrors in 1836, before the invention of ocean steamers, ancl when the financial ruin that had overtaken this family compelled them to content them selves Avith cheap accommodations on a sailing vessel. Head Avinds ancl rough seas made their voyage unusually tedious, ancl when in mid ocean, they encountered icebergs chat threatened certain destruction. But after over seven Aveeks buffeting Avith the Avaves, they anchored in the harbor of NeAV York. Mrs. William Hall had an uncle in Pennsylvania, who made a quiet resting place for them, but after recruiting for a little Avhile, they resumed their journey westward, crossing the mountains by a ' horse railway,' a means of transit that had neAV terrors for the Avomen, at least. At Pittsburg they took a boat cIoavii the Ohio. They had reason to fear they had been exposed to small-pox, and soon discovered that tAvo of their party (Robert ancl Mary) had fallen victims to this terrible mal- OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 469 ady. This was a sad trial to these strangers in a strange land ; they feared to have their condition known lest they should be summa rily set ashore and abandoned to their fate. So they nursed their sick as quietly as possible, asking aid from no one, until the boat exploded one of her cylinders, scalding tAvo engineers to death, and filling every nook and corner Avith hot steam ; then the sick Avere snatched from their berths ancl hurried on deck, not knoAV- ing what shape death would meet them. But so great Avas the ex citement on board, that althongh the faces of the sufferers Avere then a mass of eruption, no one seemed to notice them, ancl they crept back to their beds without experiencing any serious results from their fright and exposure. By the time they reached St. Louis they were able to pass muster without attracting attention, ancl arrived in Peoria early in the month of June, 1836, all in jiassable health. On the boats they had made the acquaintance of Archibald and Charlie Vandyke and Brady Fowler. These men were all in search of homes in the ivest ; so a common interest made them friends. When the Halls left England they all looked toAvard Jacksonville as a place of residence, but for some reason changed their minds. While at Peoria they met Avith those who recommended the Osceola region highly. Major Moore, Watts and Spencer had just completed the original survey. Messrs. Buswell and Winslow had been to the grove, made claims, built cabins, and then returned for a time to Peoria. Under directions from Moore, the Had and Vandyke brothers started early in June to walk across the pathless prairies that then stretched from Mount Hawley to Wyoming. After resting at Wyoming for a short time, as did nearly all who journeyed this Avay in those days, and being refreshed by a good meal, they proceeded toward the grove. Here they found several families encamped, some sheltering in cabins half built. Among these were Mr. William Parks ; he had moved from Virginia Avith his teams, had a huge boat-shaped Avagon, drawn by four stout horses, one of Avhich he rode, postillion fashion, when on the road. He also OAvned a 'carry-all' that cut quite a figure in the social life of that neighborhood for many years. The Hall brothers hired this man, his big wagon and team to return Avith them to Peoria after the women and goods, the latter only amounting to four teen large boxes. " Since the men had left Peoria a drove of cattle had jiassed through, and Anne and Mary each bought a coav. So noAv they loaded up — women and goods in the wagon, Mr. Parks on his horse, and the men on foot to drive the stock. They provided themselves Avith bread and cheese for refreshment at noon, fully expecting to enjoy supper and bed at the house of General Thomas, at Wyoming. The Avagon Avas covered, and so fully loaded that the Avomen had to sit in a constrained ancl uncomfortable position, and Avould often have jireferred to have Avalked for a time, but as the grass Avas nearly to their Avaists and they had an English horror of snakes, this Avas a poor relief. The day wore sloAvly aAvay ; they Avere all very weary, the horses often floundering in treacherous sloughs, the wagon rocking like a ship at sea, while the driver hallooed to his team in a manner that startled, 28 470 BIOGRAPHY ANO REMINISCENCES almost frightened those unaccustomed to such sights and sounds, but still no AVyoming dawned upon their anxious eyes. At length night came on, the team was exhausted, the driver confessed himself lost, and there was no alternative but to wait the dawning of another day upon the open prairie. The horses ate eagerly of the grass around them, the women crept faint and hungry under the shelter of the wagon cover, and the men threw themselves upon the ground beneath. They were all too excited to sleep much ; the women's minds were busy thinking of the homes ancl friends they had left, contrasting the comfort of that life with the hardships of this, for although they had braced their minds to meet bravely whatever befell, yet this was a performance not thought of Avhen the programme was made out. When Mrs. William Hall had in her English home revealed to her mother her plan, to be married shortly, and two Aveeks thereafter to set out for America, the good woman exclaimed : ' Oh, Anne, you are going to suck down sorrow by the spoonful.' That night on the prairie, and many a night afterwards her daughter remembered those Avords, and perchance thought them prophetic. When they suspended their journey the lightning Avas playing about the horizon, and by midnight a storm broke ujion them such as they had never conceived of, and such as is rarely Avitnessed here, of late years. But morning came at last, the ram had ceased, and they started again for Wyo ming, or any other point where food and shelter could be obtained, and about ten o'clock a. m., the cabin of General Thomas was reached. Refreshed by a good breakfast ancl a brief rest, the emigrants again started forward, only to reneAv the experiences of the previous day with new complications. They first made for Mr. James Holgate's place, ancl there got directions for Seeley's Point, pretty Avell to the east of the grove. By this route they hoped to reach the unoccupied cabin of Mr. BusAvell, of which they Avere to take possession until they could build one. But Spoon river niust be crossed by a deep and dan gerous ford, where the chances were very good that the Avhole load Avould capsize down the steep bank into the water, and by the time this difficulty was disposed of. the shades of evening Avere again clos ing around them. " William Hall, who it will be remembered had been over this route but lately, to make his claim, noAv proposed to leave the party and make his way on foot directly to the cabin, kindle a fire to guide the rest, ancl have some food in readiness when they arrived. He Avas spurred on to this course, more especially as his young Avife was already ailing under the combined strain of fatigue and excitement, and he feared if rest and refreshment could not soon be jirocured she would be seriously ill. Pie succeeded in carrying out his part of the contract without much difficulty, and by nightfall a bright fire was blazing on the rude hearth of the cabin. But no Avagon put in an appearance, and the solitary watcher looked ancl listened in vain for any sight or sound of the' Avanderers. In fact they Avere far to the northeast of the grove, near Avhere the town of Osceola was afterAvards laid out — the team floundered hopelessly among the big sloughs, and the driver again pretty Avell confused as to the points of OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 471 the compass. For miles the women had been driving the cows ; Robert aiding the driver and keeping a sharp lookout for signals from William, or for game that Avould add to the repast if they reached the cabin fire. Mrs. Hall had been sloAvly groAving Avorse, and finally craAvled back into the crowded Avagon in blank despair. Robert had been dis charging his gun and bloiving his bugle, in the vain hojie of making somebody hear; but the dull and distant echoes were their only response. At last Mary's quiet courage began to give Avay, and she turned to the beAvildered Mr. Parks, and said : ' For goodness' sake, take us someAvhere ; another night out now will kill Anne.' ' If there is nowhere to go to, Iioav can I take you?' curiously enough inquired the poor man. Soon after things had reached this crisis, somebody noted a glimmer near the western horizon ; at first they feared it Avas but a star, but as they gradually dreAV nea,rer, concluded, not that it Avas ' a light in the windoAV for thee,' for Avell they kneAv the home they sought had no Avindows, but a light issuing from the open door of a cabin. Robert again bleAv a blast upon his bugle horn, which was answered by a shot from the cabin. So they made their way through the dense wood, over hills and through IioIIoaa's, over fallen logs and swampy sloughs, and finally, about eleven o'clock p. m., drew up at the cabin door. A bed was soon made for the sick woman, arid they carried her in, gave her tea and wine, composed themselves to rest with thankful hearts after their long and perilous journey of nearly five months' duration. And this was the strange coming home, the first ' house- warming' of the Halls in Illinois, and occurred on Friday, June 26, 1836. Mr. Parks went a mile or more to reach his own home. Mrs. Hall slept but little if any that night, and as she Avas restless and anxious to see what the surroundings Avere, as soon as day daAvned she arose, partially dressed, and quietly slipped out. As may be imagined, all that met her eye Avas a Avild unbroken solitude, nothing save the rude hut that bore the impress of human hands, or that showed a human foot had eA'er approached the spot. The grass and weeds were tall as herself, and a heavy dew hung on them, glittering in the daAvn- ing light like frost-work. Whether overcome by conflicting emotions or by increasing iveakness, she knows not, but she swooned and fell. When the men arose they Avere distressed to find her lying in an unconscious state beside the cabin Avail. Again they carried her to her resting place in the corner, administered the best restoratives their circumstances permitted, and hung over her Avith anxious hearts. She soon rallied and begged them not to be alarmed ; she said, ' It Avas only Aveakness induced by fatigue.' It was Saturday noAv, and knoAV- ing that the Sturms at Seeley's Point had horses to sell, Robert Avent to buy a team, which he did, getting Dick and Queen, tAvo horses deservedly famous in the annals of the family for tAventy years there after. But Mrs. Hall greAV Avorse instead of better, ancl during the second (Saturday) night, Avas quite delirious, raving so piteously of jiast scenes that the courage of all faltered, ancl on Sunday morning her husband was about starting back to Peoria, only fifty miles away, for a physician. Just then Mr. Parks rode up to inquire after the welfare of the new-comers, especially after the one he had left so sick. They 472 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES told him their fears ; he said what he could to allay them, and advised them not to go to Peoria yet. ' He Avould fetch Nancy (his Avife) Avho had a good deal of experience among sick folks.' And soon the good woman came, and then and there began a series of ministrations to the sick and suffering for Avhich she has long been held in grateful remem brance. Her knowledge of simple remedies, her words of encourage ment and kind attentions in times of affliction were a real boon to the infant settlement. This kind old lady yet lives, having entered her ninety-third year, and an honored old age is hers. ' Her children have risen up to. call her blessed,' and though her flesh is subject to many infirmities, yet is her spirit tranquil, and her faith looks stedfastly towards that brighter country, 'where the inhabitants never say, I am sick.' But to resume our story. Mrs. Hall soon recovered under good and. careful nursing, and preparations for building themselves a house went rapidly forward. First, of course, trees must be felled for the logs, and this was aAvkward Avork for the Halls, as probably neither of them had ever sAvung an axe before, at least not such an axe as is used by the American backwoodsman to such advantage. But they worked with a will and Avhacked away at the trees all round, until by the time they were ready to fall they Avere literally whittled off to a point. This style of work could be seen as long as the first cabin stood and Avas the butt of numberless jokes among the neighbors touching the cajiabilities of Englishmen as woodchojipers ! But the logs answered a good purpose, nevertheless ; a story-and-half house Avas raised, a sawpit Avas dug in Avhich a large tAvo handled saw could be worked, and thus they made their OAvn boards; the tools AA'ere unpacked and as William had some practical knoAvledge of their use, they soon had floors and battened doors, and windoAvs with glass in them, which advantages were almost enough to make them 'take airs ' over their neighbors, in those times. This house became a sort of headquarters for all incoming detachments, and if its half floored loft was sometimes so crowded with beds and their occupants, that some luckless wight occasionally made a sudden descent to the next floor, he Avas pretty sure to find a bed ready to catch him there, so no serious results folloAved, only some slight re-adjustment to secure safety the balance of the night. Here the weary ' itinerant ' always found a home, and the pious of every name a Avelcome. Within its walls were assembled some of the first congregations that ever met for religious Avorship in the settlement. Often ancl again, have roof and rafters rang Avith the grand old hymns learned across the sea. ' Den mark' and 'Coronation,' 'Old Hundred' ancl 'Silver Street,' Avere 'the familiar paths their souls oft trod toAvards God.' The clear, full treble of the sisters chord ed well with the deep bass of William's voice and the tones of his great viol, making harmony that Avould have be fitted better surroundings. In recalling this group, Mr. Cummings, the first missionary but lately said, ' They Avere right loyal Methodists of the true Wesleyan type.' And it AA'as William Hall avIio led the first class, formed at Wall's by this missionary (to which reference is made in another jilace) seven miles from his home, Avith an unbridged river intervening, ancl never missed an appointment in ten years! OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 473 But the cabin long since gave place to a more modern and commodi ous structure, and the once familiar name of William Hall lives there no more save in memory, or on sculptured marble. A son who bore it, gave his life for his country in 1862, expiring in a Memphis hospital. ***** Edgar died at White's Station near Memphis in 1863." Mrs. Ann Hall (deceased), who settled at Osceola Grove, June 26, 1836, died there October 24, 1886, aged eighty-two years. As noted in other pages, she came with her husband from England, and for fifty years resided on the same spot, where over fifty years ago she saAV their first humble home in America raised. Pier husband, one son and two daughters preceded her to the grave. Four sons and eleven grandchildren now represent this branch of the pioneer Halls of •sceola Grove. She was one of the first persons in this district to join a Methodist class, and for a number of years her deceased husband was class leader. Even up to the period of her death she was looked upon as the only one Avho could speak authentically on the early history of that church in her neighborhood. Robert Hall, son of Thomas and Sarah (Cokayne) Hall, came to the United States in 1836, and settled on the northeast quarter, section two, Elmira, on Avhich he has since resided. He at once engaged in cultivating this claim, and as soon as the land came into market he pur chased 160 acres. He was married January 9, 1840, to Miss Harriet Marsh, to Avhom nine children were born, six of whom are living, namely : Jane, James (married, living in Iowa), Esther (married, liv ing in Iowa), Matilda, Charles (married, living on the old homestead), and Ellen (married, living in Osceola township). Mrs. Robert Hall Avas the daughter of Daniel C. and Esther (Pettibone) Marsh, the former being a native of Connecticut, Who moved to Pennsylvania while in his youth, and the latter, Esther, was a native of Pennsylvania,. Pier grandfather, Oliver Pettibone, at the time of the Wyoming massacre was eighteen years old, and his father at that time removed to Mas sachusetts, and remained there until OliA'-er Pettibone married Martha Payne. After this marriage he returned to Wyoming, Pa., his father returning with him. The Pettibones are, as far as known, in Penn sylvania yet. Daniel Marsh, father of Mrs. Hall, remained in that state until his death in 1865. Her mother, Esther Marsh, came to Ill inois in 1834, to see a daughter, Mrs. Judge Holgate, and she Avas taken sick and died while there, and is buried on the Holgate farm. Robert Hall has ahvays been engaged in farming and stock-growing. He has added considerable land to his original purchase, but has given it to his children, retaining only the old homestead of 160 acres, on which he now resides. Pie is a republican in politics, but has ahvays been opposed to office, yet the people have elected him to several township positions. He is not a member of any church, but gives with a liberal hand to all denominations that are in need. John M. Hatch came from Vermont to Elmira township, in 1851. James Monroe Jackson, son of Cyrus and Zaravia (Winters) Jack son, was born June 4, 1825, in Luzerne county, Pa. His father and mother were born in Connecticut. It appears both families moved to Pennsylvania, where Cyrus Jackson married. In 1831 the family 474 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES moved to New York state, and in 1837 to what is now Penn township of Stark county. Their children are named as follows : Melinda, mar ried, a resident of Henry county ; James M., a resident of this town ship ; Sylvia, who died in 1845 ; Sylvester, married, a citizen of Iowa ; Andrew, married, also in Iowa, and Clarissa, married, a resident of this county. The father resided in Penn township until his death in March, 1844, and the mother died in later years as related in pioneer history. James M. came with his parents to this State and shared their pioneer labors until after his father's death. On August 11, P844, he married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Henry and Catherine (Dall) Sturms, also pioneers of this county. They are the jiarents of ten children, namely : Henry, of this township, married ; Cyrus, of Ringold county, Iowa, single ; John, of the same county, married ; Brady F. and Walter, of the same county, married; Rebecca, married in Toulon township; Washington, of Hayes county, Neb., married ; Tilly, married, a resi dent of Toulon township; Ella, married, residing in this township and Ernest, single, residing Avith parents. Mr. Jackson at one time Avas a member of the United Brethren Church, but of late years has attended the American Presbyterian Church. For over 15 years he has served as school director and in political life is a Douglas Democrat. His agricultural and stock-growing interests claim his sole attention. Col. William Jackson, born in Rosshire, Scotland, May 11, 1834, is the son of Thomas and Isabella (Hyslop) Jackson, the former born in Roxburghshire, Scotland, in 1800, was the son of Adam and Ellen Jackson, descended from a family (in Scotland) of shepherds. Adam Jackson was in his day a famous hunter, earning the title of " King of the Hunters." Adam and Ellen had a family of seven children, Thomas being the third son. He married Miss Isabella Hyslop in 1827 in Roxburghshire, and removed to the Highlands of Scotland in 1833, still following the vocation of shepherd. They had, when they emigrated to the Plighlands, two children, namely, Elizabeth and Adam. Isabella, the "wife of Thomas Jackson, Avas the daughter of Adam and Elizabeth (Balentine) Hyslop, both natives of Scotland, Adam Hyslop being a laborer, and the Balentines, like the Jacksons, being shepherds. Thomas Jackson remained in the Highlands for eighteen years, Avhere six more children were born to them, namely, AVilliam, now colonel of the Fourth Illinois National Guards ; John. James, Walter, David ancl Ellen. Thomas emigrated to America in 1850, and settled in Elmira township, where he purchased 107 acres from Thomas Turnbull on nortliAvest quarter-section 27. There he engaged in farming, ancl remained on his first purchase until his death, Avhich occurred August 6, 1855. IPis Avife still survives him, living at the advanced age of eighty-three in Elmira Avith her son William. William Jackson remained Avith his father during his boyhood as a sheeji-herder, receiving a part of his education in Scotland. He came with his parents to America in 1850, ancl engaged in farming up to the beginning of the rebellion of 1861. On the 12th of June, 1861, he enlisted in AA'hat was known as the Elmira Rifles, commanded by Cajit. Charles Stuart, ancl Avent into Camp Douglas, Chicago, June 1 2th, Avhere the command was mustered into the service by Capt. Pitcher on the OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 475 17th of June of the same year, and assigned to the Nineteenth Ehnois Volunteer Infantry as Company B. He enlisted as first sergeant ; pro moted to orderly sergeant ; promoted to second lieutenant October 13, 1861; promoted to first lieutenant July 15, 1862; served his term of enlistment, and was mustered out at the expiration of service on the 9th of July, 1864, at Chicago. Returning to this county, he engaged in farming and stock-growing, jiurchasing a farm in Elmira township. He was married to Miss Louisa A. Stone, February 3, 1869, daughter of Liberty and Julia (Winslow) Stone, both of whom are noticed in the history of Osceola. They are the parents of seven children, named as folloAvs: Rollo S., Walter T., William H, Nellie M., Julia W., Chester R., and James E. Colonel Jackson has been for years con nected Avith the militia of the state. On July 7, 1874, he organized a militia company known as the Elmira Zouaves, and Avas elected caji- tain. When this command Avas attached to the Fonrth regiment, Illinois National Guards, second brigade, he Avas elected major; he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel; commissioned colonel of the Fourth Illinois National Guards, April 7, 1880, as related in the military chapter. This regiment was in active service during the strike of 1 877 at East St. Louis for ten days, and assisted in restoring order in that town. While they were in service, they also assisted in restoring order on the several lines running out of East St. Louis through IoAva, and along the Chicago, Burlington ancl Quincy lines at Galesburg and other points. The colonel is a member of the Masonic lodge, joining the order in 1877; also being a Royal Arch Mason; he is also a charter member of James Jackson Post No. 37, Grand Army of the Republic, and junior vice-commander of the department of Illinois. He has been commander of his home post for eight years. He is not a member of any church, but lends his support to the Presbyterian society. In politics he is a staunch republican, and boasts of the fact that he has never scratched a ticket. He has held the supervisor's office for one term, and has been commissioner of highways for nine years. In school matters he has ahvays been interested, and has assisted largely in bringing the school system of his toAvnship ap to its present high standard, being director for a number of years. IPis home near Elmira is one of those referred to at the beginning of the chapter. David Jackson, born in Rosshire, Scotland, March 15, 1844, is the son of Thomas and Isabella Jackson, old settlers of this county, whose history is given in this chapter. For eighteen years he shared their pioneer labors, and in September, 1862, enlisted in Company B, Nine teenth Illinois Infantry, completing his term of service in 1865. In 1866, with his brother William, he purchased two hundred and thirty acres on Section 28, and has since devoted his attention to agriculture. He married Miss Elizabeth J., daughter of Robert and Mary Ann (Macgraell) Rainey. Her parents came to America in their youth from Ireland, settled at Philadelphia, and there Avere married in 1851. Af ter his marriage, and up to the period of his death, he was engaged in weaving ingrain carpets. His widow remarried, and now resides at Modena, Avhile the survivor of his two children is the happy wife of Captain Jackson. A reference to the history of the United Presbyte- 476 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES rian church, to the G. Army Post, Odd Fellows, history of schools, po litical and military chapters, and other sections of this work will point out minutely the place which this family has held here. For eight years he was a member and Lieutenant of the Elmira Zouaves, and when that company was mustered into the Fourth Illinois National Guards elected Captain, July 25, 1877, and again promoted to Majtir of the Fourth Illinois National Guards, April 7, 1880. During the unfor tunate "strike" of 1877 he was on active service with his command. His farm adjoins that of his brother William, and the two homes are connected by private road. In addition to his large acreage of rich Elmira land, he holds eighty acres of timber land, is interested in stock-growing, and from a period prior to coming of age, has held an important place in the esteem of his acquaintances and the history of the townsliip. John Jackson, born in Rosshire, Scotland, August 15, 1836, is the son of Thomas and Isabella (Hyslop) Jackson. He passed his younger years as a shepherd in Scotland, received a common school education there, and emigrated to America with his father in 1850, and settled in this township. He was married September 10, 1860, to Miss Eliza Ann Montooth, daughter of Samuel and Jennie Montooth, both natives of Ireland. Plis wife lived but four years after their marriage, her death taking place in October, 1864. He married July 3, 1879, Miss Abby Stuart, daughter of Seth and Sally (Harvey) Stuart, both natives of Vermont, noticed in the history of Osceola township. His first purchase of land was in Osceola township, in 1863, being 160 acres. This he sold in 1864, and in 1868 he purchased 160 acres m Elmira, his present place of residence. To his second marriage four children were born, namely : Myrtle J., Isabella F., Ida S., and Charles M., all residing at home. In politics he is a Re publican, but takes no active part in campaigns. Like his brothers, he takes a deep interest in school matters, having been director for years, and at present clerk of the board, of directors. He was a member of the Union League Avhile that was in existence. Mr. and Mrs. Jackson are members of the American Presbyterian church, of Elmira and are considered among the first supporters of everything bearing on the social and agricultural progress of this division of the county. Adam Jackson, son of Thomas and Isabella (Hyslop) Jackson, and grandson of Adam ancl Ellen Jackson, was born in Roxburghshire, Scot land, August 9, 1831, of which county his people were natives. One of his uncles served under Wellington at Waterloo. His father was married in 1 827. They were the parents of eight children, namely : Betty, married here ; Adam, abovre named, William and John, married, citizens of this township ; James, killed during the Rebellion ; Walter, deceased ; David residing here, and Ellen, married in Toulon Town ship. Thomas Jackson came to America with his family in 1850, pur chased 106 acres of land here, and was engaged in farming and stock- growing until his death, August 6, 1855. Plis wife still lives here with one of her sons, at an advanced age. Adam Jackson's boyhood was passed as a Scottish shepherd. On coming here he assisted his father in making the family home. On March 20, 1862, he married ^^^Cc^2^n ^cZt^^t^ OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 479 Miss Agnes, daughter of Thomas and Janet (Scott) Murray, natives of Scotland, avIio immigrated hither. The same year he purchased 160 acres of land, erected a house thereon, and here has resided down to the present time. Of their fifteen children, ten are living, the eld est, Janet, being married and a resident of this townsliip. Mr. Jackson, in business matters, has devoted his attention solely to farm ing. He has never been a member of a secret society, but for tAventy- four years has been a consistent member of the United Presbyterian church. He has served as director of his school district for several years. In political affairs he votes with the Republican party. James L. Jackson, a former settler of the county, died in Taylor County, Iowa, in January, 1883. John Leason, better knoAvn as Deacon John Leason, finds mention in several pages of this work. In the marriage record many members of his family find a notice. On June 27, 1861, the venerable Deacon Avas taken from his home at dead of night by a number of men avIio entered his house. An alarm Avas given and the people turning out, promptly hunted the assaulting parties to their den. Horror stricken, one confessed, and as a result, Charles Wilson, Enos Mix, George Bodle, Robert Alexander, Miles Avery and George Whitehead were arrested. They Avere tried before Justices Buswell and Winslow ancl a jury of twelve men, and fined $25, Avhich the jury considered then equal to $100 in ordinary times. William Leason. { Vide sketch of C. L. Gerard.) Thomas Lyle. { Vide sketch of Asa A. Bunton) Carlos B. Lyle, son of Thomas and Mary J. (Craig) Lyle, was born in this township, November 1, 1842. Thomas Lyle came to the United States with his father, Avhen seven years of age, and with him resided in Vermont. Carlos B. Avas with him during all his earlier years until sent to Abingdon to attend Hedding college. Even after spending two terms there he enlisted as soon as he got home in 1864, in Company H, One-hundred-and-thirty-fourth Illinois Infantry, with which command he served until mustered out, as shoAvn in the military chapter. On March 21, 1865, he married Miss Mary S., daughter of Levi and Tirza (Powell) Ingles, natives of Virginia and Ohio respect ively. To this union seven, children were born, namely : Noble A., Charles M., Daisy E., Nellie E., Thomas E., Emma M., and one who is numbered among the dead. His farm on section 17 is a model one. Subjected to systematic culthation since the war by him, it shoAvs the effect of his care. Here, too, he is engaged in stock-groAving. In religious matters Mr. Lyle is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and Mrs. Lyle, of the American Presbyterian church. In politics he is a characteristic Rejiublican, Avas a member of the Union League in Avar times, and is today senior vice-commander of James Jackson Post, No. 37, G. A. R. A reference to the pioneer chapter of the general history and to the sketch of Elmira township will point out more definitely the part taken by the family, of which Mr. Lyle is a member, in the settlement and progress of this county. Horace E. Lyle, son of Thomas and Mary Jane (Craig) Lyle, was born in this township May 3, 1852 ; was educated here, and shared in 480 BtOGRABHY AND REMINISCENCES all the labors of his pioneer father until 1876. On March 23 of that year he married Miss Ida M., daughter of Wilham and Elizabeth (Lyle) Perkins. In this year also he engaged in agricultural work for him self, and continued solely on the farm until 1880, when he pur chased Fell & Starrett's meat market at Toulon, which he carried on there for two years, meantime attending to his farm. On disposing of this market, he engaged in buying and shipping stock, and this business he noAv carries on in connection Avith the farm of 352 acres. To Mr. and Mrs. Lyle four children were born : Mabel, in 1877, died September 7, 1880; Gertrude, born December 2S, 1878; Horace B., July 1, 1881, and James Bartlette, June 29, 1883. Mr. Lyle has ahvays been a Re publican. In religious matters he supports every church needing or asking help ; in business he is energetic and enterprising, ancl in social and township affairs, like his parents, ahvays prominent and reliable. Finley Mathison, an old settler of the township, referred to in other pages, died January 11, 1883, in his sixty-third year. George S. Maynard, son of Ephraim and Betsy (Hubbard) Maynard, was born in Franklin county, AAt., April 7, 1827. Ephraim was the son of an English emigrant, who settled at Oakham, Mass., avIio on account of lameness did not serve in the Revolution. In 1801 this Ephraim removed to Vermont (tAvo years after his marriage Avith Miss Hubbard in Massachusetts), and Avas a farmer there until his death, in August, 1856. Of his fifteen children, three are living : Mrs. Vashti Field, of Fairfax, Vt. ; Charles T., of Bakersfield, Vt., and George S., named above. George S., on coming of age, entered a boot and shoe factory at Westboro, remained there six years, and then moved to Osceola toAvnship in 1853 or 1854. In the fall of 1856 he settled in Minnesota, and farmed there until the spring of 1868, when he settled in Elmira, where he purchased eighty acres, on section 26. In August, 1856, he married Miss Esther A. Dugan, a native of Massa chusetts, of Avhich State her parents were also natives. Their children are : Helen M., noAV Mrs. F. J. Fuller, of Wyoming ; Clara, also mar ried, residing at home, ancl Charles E., of this toAvnship. On February 26-, 1868, Mr. Maynard married Miss Rose, daughter of James and Jane (Woods) Plamilton, natives of Vermont, and granddaughter of Petiah and Hannah (Hallanan) Plamilton, of Maine and Massachu setts, respectively, ancl of Ebenezer Woods, a soldier of the Revolution and subsequently of the secret police or revenue force. To this union three children were born, of whom Pearl H. and Cora A. are living. He has been a Rejrablican since 1856; he leans toward Methodism, but is not a member of any church: for over twelve years he has served on the district school board, and for years has been connected Avith Bradford Lodge, 579, I. O. 0. F. Mrs. Maynard is a member of the Gaelic church of Elmira. In business affairs his ex cellent farm and stock farm have claimed all his attention since his second settlement in this county. Outside business, anything which seems to affect the county, claims his close study, and on its merits his support or opposition. Donald McDonald, born in Shieldag, Parish of Applecross, Rosshire, Scotland, July 20, 1820, is the son of John and Ann (McKenzie) McDon- OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 481 aid, and grandson of Finlay and Mary (Frazer) McDonald, descendants of the few brave men of that clan avIio escaped English treachery at the massacre of Glencoe. John Avas married in 1808, and to this union eight children were born, four of whom are living, Finlay, in Marshall county, Kan., Donald, of Elmira, John of Union county, Ore., and Anna Belle, Marshall county, Kan. P'he father died in 1857 just on the eve of his departure for America. Four weeks later his widoAv left Scotland forever, ancl died in Kansas in 1866. Donald in early years Avas a fisherman and at one time a postman (letter carrier). He well remembers when the postage on a letter from Carolina to Ros sbire was $1.25, and from Nova Scotia, 624, cents ; from Gasgaiv, 26 cents, and from Inverness to Sheldag, 60 miles, 16 cents. In 1840 he apprenticed himself to a gardener, subsequently worked in Yester gar dens, next at Edinbnrg, and also in several gardens ancl nurseries in England. In 1849 he married Miss Ann, daughter of Finlay ancl Catherine (McLean) Murchison, relatives of Sir Roderick Murchison, secretary of the foreign missionary society of London, England, Avho died there some time ago. In 1850 a short time before Mr. Mc Donald Avent on the Glasgow jiolice force, one child Avas born, to them, William, avIio died December 31, 1851, here as the family left GlasgOAv for Canada in July. 1851, arrived at Quebec in August, and ultimately settled in Elmira. On the A'oyage Charley E., Avho died March 23, 1860, was born July 26, 1851. On arriving here he husked corn at fifty cents per day, worked a second month for $10, then started out in search of Avork, found employment on a railroad at Utica on the R. I. R., at one dollar per day, but not relishing this work moved to Peoria, where he secured a position in a nursery. There he labored over tAvo years, Avhen he purchased a tax title to a quarter section on 19 Elmira, settled there in 1855, and has since been engaged in agriculture and stock-groAving. He has raised and edu cated tAvo nejihews, and now has tAvo adopted children, Charley and Tilly. Mr. McDonald and Avife are members of Knox church; he is a school director, Rejiublican in politics, and, as a citizen, is all that one Avith such experiences should be, useful ancl intelligent. Harriet J. {Woods) McKenzie was, born in Indiana April 24, 1845, and came to her sister's, Mrs. Mauck, in Elmira, about the year 1864. On January 17, 1865, she Avas united in marriage to John C. McKenzie, died January 6, 1887, in her forty-second year. William Moffitt, son of David and Elizabeth (Nicholl) Moffitt, natives of Antrim county, Ireland, Avas born in that county and died here in April, 1879, aged fifty-five years. William Moffitt received a liberal education in his native country, and coming to the United States in 1845, Avorked at the Aveaver's trade in Philadelphia until 1854 when he moved west to Elmira, Avhere his brother-in-law, William McBride, had hitherto settled and carried on a blacksmith shop. Here he learned the trade, Avorked a few years for McBride, ancl established his OAvn shop in the " Oliver settlement." In a short time after he established a carpet-weaving factory, bringing a loom from Philadel phia. Both industries he carried on up to the time of his death. Before leaving Ireland he promised to marry Ann Jane Leech, and 482 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES from his first earnings in Philadelphia he sent her money to come over. Like a true girl she responded and on the day of her arrival in Philadelphia they were married in 1848. The lady died in 1866, and is buried in the Elmira cemetery. Both of them were rare lovers of literature, the old gentleman being thoroughly conversant with all the leading writers, ancl a supporter of fifty-two Aveekly newspapers. William Moffitt's parents came to Philadelphia in 1848 with a young family- Some time later they moved to Henry county, 111., purchased a farm near Weathersfield where the father died in 1854. The mother is still a resident of KeAvanee, residing with her daughter, Mrs. Eliza beth, Avife of John Moffitt. Of William Moffitt's children, six are living, namely, John L., a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church in Col orado ; George W., a resident of Stark county, referred to in local history ; Margaret L., wife of Fred Fleming, of Toulon township ; Eleanor L., Avife of George Critzman, of Kewanee, and Anne J., wife of Jesse Fleming, a farmer of Elmira. The great-great-grandfather was James Moffitt, Avho Avas the father of five children, James, born in 1789, David, Jane, William and John. William came to Philadelphia in 1831, James in 1840, ancl David in 1845. Jane and her family settled in Australia early in the forties. David and his family moved from Philadelphia to Illinois ; John went first to Scotland, but ulti mately came to the United States. Robert Nichol, David Moffitt's father-in-law, was a soldier in the British army, Avas in Jamaica fifty years ago, and it is supposed that some of his children are still there. Many of the grandchildren of those Moffitt's are today scattered throughout the country, but the greater number of their children have crossed the unknoAvn ocean. Samuel Montooth, born in Tyrone county, Ireland, in 1799, and his wife, born there in 1810, came to the United States in 1830 and to Elmira township in 1858. Lieutenant Hunter, Avho married their daughter, was killed at Murfreesboro. Robert Moore, named in the history of Elmira township, who mar ried Margaret Clark, moved from Lancaster county, Pa., to St. Gene vieve county, Mo., in the spring of 1822, and operated a mill there until 1835, when, as one of the Peoria colony, he purchased some claims in Avhat is noAv Elmira toAvnship, this county, and took a full share in its first improvement. His family consisted of four sons and six daughters, all deceased with the exception of Robert M. Moore, of Toulon. The latter carried on his Elmira farm for thirty years. In 1844 he married Miss Maria, daughter of Hewes White ; in 1874 this lady died, and the same year the family moved to Toulon. Samuel, Orlando and Corydon, her sons, are faA'orably known here. The tAvo first-named are residents of Barton county, Mo., and the last of Toulon township. His second marriage was Avith Mrs. Lucina Petteys Van Dewater, a native of Oneida county, N. Y. This lady's two daughters are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs. Moore died January 3, 1887, in her fifty-fourth year. George Murray, son of Thomas and Janet (Scott) Murray, Avhose history is given in this chapter, was born in Roxburghshire, Scotland, May 12, 1840. He came to the United States with his parents in 1853, OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 483 and here completed a liberal education. On growing to manhood he purchased eighty acres and at once engaged in agriculture and stock- raising. In 1867 he added eighty acres, sold the 160 acres in 1874, and the same year purchased 240 acres on sec. 27 ; 80 acres on sec. 26, and eighty acres on sec. 24, to Avhich he has since added 160 acres. With this well-improved farm of 560 acres he has one of the finest farm residences in the Avhole county, which Avas comjileted last year, laAvn and grounds well laid out and planted Avith ornamental trees and shrubbery, one of the best equipped farm yards in the county — all the result of a quarter century's attention to his business ancl an intelligent appreciation of the true position Avhich a farmer should occupy. Pie was married in 1866 to Miss Lusetta, daughter of Smith and Sarah (Jordan) Woodward, natives of Pennsylvania. Of eight children born to them, seven are living, namely : — Or ville, Margaret J., Nina J., Smith A., Lusetta, John T., ancl Evalina, all residing at home or attending sphool. In politics he is a Republican, but farther than inquiring closely into a candidate's principles he does not meddle much in them. School interests ahvays claim his attention ancl he is iioav school trustee. In religious matters he is not a church member but supports the United Presbyterian Society. He commenced his battle Avith the world '' bare handed " and conquered it. William Murray, son of Thomas ancl Janet (Scott) Murray, natives of Scotland, was born in Roxburghshire, May 22, 1835. Mr. Murray's father was born September 10, 1807 ancl his mother 1806. Both Avere descended from along fine of farmers, and Avhen coming to America, in 1853, with their six children, their intention was to adhere to this independent life. The father died here August 8, 1854, his wife sur vived to see her highest hopes for the family realized, and died here May 27, 1873. William Murray is the third son of this family. David and Gideon, his elder brothers, reside in Elmira ancl Toulon, respec tively : Agnes and George also reside here, Avhile Thomas, the young est, lives at Des Moines, Iowa. In Februarv, 1863, William married Miss Isabelle, daughter of Robert A. and Hannah Faerbairn. Scottish farmers, who came to the United States in July, 1859. Mr. Murray purchased eighty acres in Elmira, which he sold in a feAv years and settled on a farm of 160 acres in Toulon township. After a residence of nine years there, he sold that farm and purchased 240 acres in Elmira, where he has made . his home since and erected one of those comfortable farm residences common in this toAvnship. To Mr. and Mrs. Murray seven children were born, the oldest dying in infancy, six now living, namely: Hannah, Thomas S., James, "Janet E., Agnes J. ancl Eliza, all residing with parents. The family belong to the United Presbyterian Church, ancl like their father are Republican in sentiment and practice. To folio av Mr. Murray's connection with the social, offi cial and industrial life of the toAvnship and county rather belongs to history than to biography, and therefore, in the pages devoted to his tory, many references to him are made. Thomas Nicholas died at the house of James Cinnamon July, 1883, aged seventy -two years. He came from Pennsylvania in 1843, settling at Lacon, Ills. 484 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES- Adam Oliver (deceased) Avas born December 14, 1814, in Roxburgh shire, Scotland. His parents, Thomas and Margaret (Fife) Oliver, were also natives of that country ; Avere married there in 1814; moved to the Plighlands some years later, and in 1837 came with their ten children to the United States. The names of this large family are given as folloAvs : Adam (deceased), Margaret (married), of this town ship ; Betsey (married) a resident of Henry county ; Andrew (married), of this toAvnship; Charlotte (deceased); Ann (unmarried), residing here; William (married), residing in Henry county; Thomas (mar ried), a resident of this township ; Henry PL (married), also residing here, and John (married), of Audubon county, Iowa. The head of this family in the United States pushed AvestAvard without delay, settled at Osceola Grove, but moved in 1840 to the west side of the toAvnship, Avhere he resided until his death, May 8, 1885. There also his wife died. Adam jiassed his earlier years on the lowland farm, ancl later assisted his father in the duties of shepherd in the Highlands. Plis father instructed him in Avriting, reading and figures so well that Avhen of age he engaged in teaching school. On coming here he took charge of much of his father's business ancl remained Avith him until 1846, Avhen he married Miss Polly Ann Parks. This lady died at the birth of her only child who bears the same name. In 1849 he married Miss Agnes Davidson, a grand niece of James Davidson, the " Dandy Din- mont" of Scott's " Guy Mannering," and daughter of George and Jessie (Robertson.) Davidson (married in 1824), who came from Roxburgh shire, Scotland, to Marshall county, 111., with their five children in 1841. Her father died there in October, 1865. Adam and Mrs. Oliver Avere the parents of six children, of Avhom four are living — Margaret F., of this township (married) ; Jessie (married), residing at Harvard, Neb.; George T. (married), residing on the homestead, and Ella M., residing here Avith her mother. It is said that he never had an enemy. In political life he Avas a Republican ; in religion, a member of the United Presbyterian church, ancl in all relations strictly upright. His death took place May 8, 1885. {Vide History of Elmira.) Andrew Oliver, son of Thomas and Margaret (Fife) Oliver, Avas born in Roxburghshire, Scotland, March 20, 1820. He is a brother of the late Adam Oliver referred to aboA^e, and like him a pioneer of this county, coining here Avith the family in 1837 and sharing all their fort unes until 1849, AA'hen he married Miss Ellen, daughter of William and Mary Turnbull, a native of Scotland, and like himself a pioneer of this section. Of their six children Mary, the eldest, is the only survivor. In 1846 AndreAv Oliver traveled to Dixon, 111., and then entered and purchased his first farm on section 31, Elmira toAvnship. To this original tract he has added 700 acres here, together with owning 2,000 acres in PaAvnee county, Neb. In 1860 his first Avife died, and in NoA'ember, 1861, he married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of James Arm strong, a notice of Avhom appears in this chapter. They are the parents of four children — Esther (married), residing at Toulon; Belle M., Agnes J., and an infant who is deceased. Mr. Oliver has filled the position of supervisor of the township for three terms, assessor for several terms, and almost all the minor offices. He is a stockholder OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 485 in the first National Bank of KeAvanee and in the Plaxtun steam heater company.* He has been ever identified with religious matters, and is named among the founders of the American Presbyterian Church of Elmira. The several jiarts taken by members of this family in the set tlement and progress of this county are told in detail in these pages. Henry Hall Oliver, born in Rosshire, Scotland, in January, 1832, is the son of Thomas and Margaret (Fife) Oliver, whose family history is given above ancl whose settlement here is noted in the general as Avell as in the tOAvnship history. In 1837 he came to this county Avith them, but afterwards resided Avith his brother-in-laAv, John Turnbull for fifteen years. During this time he studied in the district schools and labored on the farm. In 1851 he entered the Presbyterian College of Macomb, studied engineering, and for tAvo years folloAved this pro fession in the employ of a railroad company. In 1856 he entered the Monmouth College ancl took a scientific course. Also filled the posi tion of tutor there, as he had previously done Avhile attending the col lege at Macomb. His health failing, he was forced to forego the pleasures of .college life, ancl the Avide field of success in his profession, Avhich appeared open to him, and so returned to Elmira and resumed farming or rather entered upon the agriculturalist's life in earnest. In 1857 he married Miss Mary, daughter of Finley ancl Catherine (McLean) Murchison, Avhose history is given in that of Donald Mc Donald's family. Of nine children born to this marriage, six are, liv ing, namely : David W., engaged in farming on the homestead ; Mar garet E., a teacher in the Toulon Academy ; Katie E., attending the Northwestern University ; William IP. and Charlotte J., students of the Toulon 4-cademy, and Agnes B., residing at home. Mrs. Oliver is a member of the Highland or Canadian Presbyterian Church, and of this also her husband is a member and official. Since 1862 Mr. Oliver has been extensively engaged in buying ancl shipping stock as Avell as in stock-groAving and farming. The home farm, which he inherited from his father, he has increased to four hundred acres, on Avhich stands his fine residence. This farm is among the richest in this dis trict of fertile lands, is fully improved ancl equipped in buildings, machinery and implements. In politics he is decidedly republican ; zealous, yet tolerant in religion, unostentatious ancl refined in manner. His home is a synonym for genuine hospitality. In official life, the testimony to his character is indeed substantial, as he has for tAventy years been a school director ; supervisor of Elmira for several terms, and also surveyor of the county. Thomas Oliver's residence Avas destroyed by fire on the morning of September 15, 1886. His father-in-laAV, AV. it. Turnbull, Avas burned so badly that he died the afternoon of that day. Building, furniture, records, etc., Avere a total loss. The origin of the fire is a mystery. The flames Avere first discovered by Mr. Oliver's daughter. Mr. Turn- bull, Avho Avas about seventy-five years old, Avas sleeping in an upstairs chamber, and succeeded in getting cIoavh stairs to the kitchen, Avhere he became overpoAvered by the heat, ancl Avas dragged out badly burned. This prominent old settler has resolved to re-enact the pioneer drama in the west. 486 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Matthew Buchanan Parks, son of William and Agnes (Buchanan) Parks, was born in Washington county, Va., August 15, 1818. His father was born in Cumberland county, Pa., March 7, 1777, Avhere Joseph Parks (a native of Ireland and a tailor by trade), grandfather of Matthew, had settled prior to the Revolution. Joseph's wife, Rebecca Clark, was a native of England who came to America with her people before the Revolution, and met and married Mr. Parks in Cumberland county, Pa., and moved to Augusta county, Va. The founder of this family in the United States noAv lies in the cemetery near his Virginia home. In 1810 William Parks, a millwright, married Miss Agnes Buchanan. This lady Avas a daughter of Matthew Buch anan, Avho serA'ed in the Revolution under General Campbell at Kings Mountain, and with two companies sent against the Indians in Ken tucky. Plis wife was Elizabeth Edmondson. To them seven children Avere born, namely : Granville O, a Avidower of Bureau county ; Eliza, unmarried, residing here; Rebecca Avho died in 1855; MattheAv B., of Elmira, Polly Ann died March 29, 1847; Joseph, unmarried, and Nancy PL, unmarried, residing here. The family moved from Vir ginia to Macon county, 111., in 1835 ; but after a very brief stay there, William located 160 acres of land in what is hoav Elmira township, erected the first house ever built in Elmira on this land, and resided therein until 1842, when he moved out of the timber "onto the prairie," and there, so soon as the lands were offered for sale, entered 280 acres. He Avas engaged in farming and stock-raising until his death. His Avife was born in Washington county, Virginia, October 13, 1785, of Avhich state her parents Avere natives, of the descendants from Scotch-Irish Buchanans of Lancaster county, Pa. She died in 1877. Matthew B has ahvays been a bachelor citizen, represented his township on the supervisors' board for a number of terms, and filled nearly all the townsliip offices. He resides on the old Park Homestead Avith his sisters, Eliza and Nancy PL, and his brother Joseph. The latter is a member of the Baptist church, while Matthew B. is not a member of any society, though a sujiporter of the Presby terian Church. In the family circle all cjuestions affecting their inter ests are thoroughly discussed, and dissenting opinions so expressed as to leave no room whatsoever for discord. William G. Perkins, born in Orange county, Vermont, January 19, 1819, is the son of Lemuel and Lucretia (Gentleman) Perkins. Lemuel Perkins was a nath'e of New Hampshire. He Avas the son of Timothy Perkins and Betsy Gentleman. Timothy Perkins, a native of England, was a soldier in the revolutionary Avar, and after the Avar he engaged in farming in the state of New Hamjishire, remaining there until his death. Betsy Gentleman was a native of Connecticut, her parents coming from Erance. Lemuel Perkins enlisted for the Avar of 1812 at the age of fourteen, served seven years in the army, ancl after the Avar he engaged in the cooper trade. He Avas married in 1817 to Lucretia Gentleman, and had by her two children, the subject of our sketch being the oldest. Daniel died when two years old, in the town of Tapsham, Orange county. Vt. His wife died in 1823, and in 1833 he married Miss Hetty Pomeroy, a native of Vermont, by whom he OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 487 had one child, Jane, who married and is living at Tapsham, Vt. He remained in Vermont the greater part of his life, and died there about the year 1838. The subject of our sketch passed his boyhood on a farm. When he Avas old enough to take part in heavy labor he helped to cut the timber and then assisted in building the second steamboat that ever ran on Lake Champlain, called the Burlington, commanded by Capt. Sherman. He became a boatsman on the boat, followed the lake marine for a short time, and in October, 1840, he left Buffalo, N. Y., for Chicago, 111., being nine days making the trip. After landing in Chicago he removed to OttaAva, of this state, and engaged in team ing and breaking prairie. He Avas married in November, 1846, to Miss Elizabeth Lyle, daughter of William and Atlanta (Darling) Lyle. After his marriage he was employed on the Chicago & LaSalle or Illinois canal, and worked at this untibthe canal was finished, being the man who dreAv the last stone, and also helped to place the last stone on this great public work. After he finished, his canal job he engaged in farm ing, and remained so engaged until 1856, when he removed to Kansas, Avhere he made a stay of a few months. For a short time afterwards he traveled around, first from one state to another, but in 1857 he set tled in Elmira toAvnship, purchased 160 acres on section 8, and engaged in farming and stock-raising. Remaining on his first purchase until 1866, he purchased 160 acres on section 9, and removed to it, and has remained on this purchase up to the present, having added forty acres more to his last purchase in Elmira, and 330 acres in Osceola township. He has, since coming to Stark county, been engaged in farming ancl stock-growing. In politics he is democratic ; is not a member of any church, but supports all denominations alike. He has a family of ten children, namely : Hazen H, married and living at KeAvanee; Char lotte, married, liA'ing at Chicago ; Charles E., married, living in Penn township; Mary, married, living in Elmira tOAvnship; William L., un married, living in Osceola toAvnship ; James, unmarried, living in Osceola townsliip , Ida M., married, living in Elmira township ; Phoebe, married, living in Osceola tOAvnship ; John, at home ; George, married, living at home. The subject of our sketch in an early day was looked upon as being king of the hunters in this county, having, in company with his old hunting friend, David Fulk, of Osceola, killed the last deer that there is any record of in this toAvnship. Gideon Potter, son of Thomas and Olive (Northrup) Potter, natives of Yorkshire, England, and Michigan, respectively, Avas born at Ham ilton, Canada, August 21, 1847. His father Avas a sash and door maker, who enlisted in the English army, and came Avith a division of that army to Canada, in 1837-8, to beat back the patriots avIio sought liberty for their country. On being discharged, after his term of ser vice, he moved to Michigan, married there, returned to Canada where he resided until 1853, Avhen he left en route to Missouri. At Chicago he was taken sick and died there. His family scattered, Thomas and Ann are known to be deceased, while Gideon resides here. The latter, at the age of seA^en years, Avas " bound out " to a Missouri farmer named AV. H. Elliott, with whom he remained until 1859, Avhen, OAving to the hardship of his Avork, he eloped, found his Avay to Nauvoo, 111., 29 488 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES and worked for a man named Bartlett thereuntil 1864, when he moved to the Bartlett, Sr., farm near town. In 1865 he left him and was variously engaged until May, 1867, when he enlisted in Company F, 13th United States infantry, and served three years at Ft. Ellis and Ft. Shaw, M. T. Subsequently he engaged in herding and farming in that territory for Chiji Travis, returned to Illinois and for thirty months engaged in fruit-growing in Hancock county. He next Avas a farmer near Denver, Col., returned to Sonora, 111., and on November 30, 1874, married Miss Emily Thompson, daughter of Harvey and Lois (Crosby) Thompson, of Osceola, 111., who Avas born there, her parents being natives of Vermont and Massachusetts respectively, but both of old families in the latter State. For five years after this he engaged in fruit-growing, and then came to Osceola village, where he purchased the mercantile interests of A. F. Spencer ancl established his present business. His children are : David, born October 13, 1875, and Rollin, September 25, 1880. In jiolitics he is a Republican. Religiously he inclines toward the Baptists, but is not a member of any church. Offi cially he has served as school director and on the board of cemetery trustees. Though not a pioneer of this celebrated pioneer neighbor hood, he claims many warm friends, and stands as high in the com munal circle as he does in the commercial. John F. Reed, born at Reed's Grove, Will county, UP, September 7, 1851, is the son of George W. and Mary (Straeder) Reed, both natives of Indiana, as related in the chapter on Osceola toAvnship. Mr. Reed passed his boyhood days in assisting his father in farm Avork, or attend ing the school of the district. At the age of nineteen years he attended the graded schools at Toulon and subsequently studied in the Bradford schools. Adopting the profession of teacher, he Avould preside over a school for one term, and the next attend school at the AVesleyan Uni versity, Bloomington. He also studied in the Illinois Industrial Uni versity, at Champaign. Since completing his education he has been engaged in teaching school, and is noAv in the thirteenth year of his professional Avork. On June 19, 1878, he married Miss Frances I. Searl, daughter of I. W. and Charlotte (Furness) Searl, natives of Pennsyl vania. To them three children Avere born, namely : Mary E., Ralph L. and George IP. Reed. Mr. Reed has ahvays been Republican in politics, and, it is said, Avields the pen for the good of his party, Avhen- ever the thought of doing so occurs to him. Pie is an excellent teacher and is now filling his fourth engagement in the schools of District No. 3 or Elmira village. While Mr. Reed is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, his wife is a member of the Baptist Church, and in these societies they exert their influence for good. ( Vide, also, history of Osceola township) Simon B. Spencer, born at Peacham, Vt., December 27, 1821, is the son of Samuel, born October 26, 1777, and Betsy (Currier) Spencer, nath'es of Windham county, N. PL, and Boxford* Mass., respectively; and grandson of Ebenezer and Mary (Robinson) Spencer, descended from one of the three Spencer brothers Avho came from England, and from the Robinsons, Avho settled in NeAV Plampshire among its pioneers. Betsy Currier is the daughter of David and Elizabeth OF ELMIRA TOWNSHIP. 489 (Peabody) Currier (the latter raised by Gen. Putnam's sister), natives of Massachusetts. She married Samuel Spencer about 1803, Rev. Leonard Wooston officiating. To them six children were born, viz., Sarah, born in 1804, residing in Rock Island county ; Isaac, born March 26, 1812, died in Elmira, December 27, 1884; Betsy, born January 1, 1817, married Dan N. Beall in 1836, resides in Rock Island county, and celebrated their golden Aveclding in 1886 ; Simon B. resides here, ancl tAvo died in infancy. In 1842, Simon B. Sjiencer set out for the AA'est, arrived in Elmira, May 19th, and Avorked for his brother Isaac at eleven dollars per month. Early in 1843, he revisited Vermont, returned in the fall with his father, mother and elder sister, and completed the Spencer settlement here. From 1844 to 1848, his health did not permit him to engage in any kind of Avork. In the spring of 1852, he purchased the southeast quarter of section 2, and here has since been an agriculturalist ancl stock -grower. The forty acres Avhich he entered in 1843, on section 14, he still holds, together with seven acres of coal land on section 16, eighty acres on the west half of section 2, and his residence in the village of Osceola. He belonged to the Union League (1861-65), has ahvays been republican, but is content with going to the polls. In religion he is a Baptist. Isaac Spencer, born in Vermont in 1812, came to Peoria in 1835, ancl to the northeast quarter, section 10, Elmira toAvnship, in 1838, and subsequently purchased more lands, all of which he improved, his steam flouring mill being one of the early industries of the county. Sturms Family. — Much has been written of this family in the sketches of Osceola and T'oulon townships, as well as in that of this township. Again in the general history many references are made to them. For the purposes of this part of the chapter, the folloAving notice of the family is given: Louis Sturms, who came to LaSalle Prairie, 111., about the period the first settlement was made in Essex township, came to Spoon river about 1834; in 1835, visited Avhat is now Elmira toAvnship, remained some time, but returned to Ohio. Matthias Sturms, who came in Sejitember, 1834, brought with him his wife and ten children, thus giving a population at once to this part of the Avilderness. In the history of the Methodist Episcopal church throughout the county, many references are made to this jiioneer, for in his cabin Avere held the first Methodist services north of Avhat is noAv Wyoming, in this county. Among his sons were Henry S. (not Plenry Sturms, avIio settled here in 1838), Nicholas, Avho was a juror in 1839, Samuel, Matthias and Simon. Of this number, there AArere assessed in 1839, Matthias, junior, Henry S., Samuel and Nicholas. Henry S. Avas married to Miss Osborne in Ohio, and brought his Avife Avith him, as his sister, Avho married John Kirkpatrick, brought her husband Avith her in 1834. Another sister married the pioneer — Peter Pratt. Matthias Sturms died in February, 1862, aged seventy-six years ; but prior to this time the old people had passed aAvay. PPie records of the cemeteries all around Elmira and in the toAvnship contain the names of this family, even as the marriage record tells of the beginnings of other families of the same name. John Turnbull, commonly knoAvn as " Uncle John," was born in 490 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Roxburghshire, Scotland, November 23, 1806. His parents, Robert ancl Ellen (Brydon) Turnbull, Avere also natives of Scotland, the former (a soldier under General Elliott) participated in the siege of Gibraltar, and, after his honorable discharge from the British army, married and engaged in farming in Scotland until his death in 1809. Uncle John, in his boyhood (aged 84, years), served eight years as cowherd for Thomas Stavart, subsequently had charge of a flock of sheep, and in 1826 removed to Lochcanon, Rosshire, where he was shepherd for Adam Scott on the Tullich farm, serving for eleven years. During this time, on February 22, 1834, he married Margaret, daughter of Thomas and Margaret (Fife) Oliver. On June 14, 1837, he and wife sailed from Greemvich for America, landed at Chicago, September 1st, moved in a few days to Joliet, and thence, in February, 1838, to Osceola Grove. Here he purchased a squatter's claim of 160 acres for twenty-five dollars (on section tAventy-one) the same year; subsequently purchased it from the United States, and has made this his home eA'er since. He added 120 acres to his original purchase, ancl has followed farming and sheep-raising here since 1838. He takes pride in the fact that his first vote was cast for Henry Clay. " I lost it," says he, " but he Avas a grand old man." Uncle John has been justice of the peace for over thirty years, was supervisor for three terms, and school director for a number of years. He was one of the original members of the United Presbyterian church here, ancl one of its most earnest supporters since organization. Mr. and Mrs. Turnbull never had chil dren, but by adoption reared a number of nepheAvs and nieces, namely, Thomas Rule, married, living on the frontier; Will Rule, married, a resident of Iowa; Jane Rule, deceased, and Anna Rule, "married, resid ing in Iowa. The two orphans, Mary and Matthew Phelan, Avere raised and educated by "Uncle John" and his wife; also, they reared IP. PL Oliver and William B. Turnbull, giving parental care in each instance. Mr. T. is one of the most honored members of the Old Set tlers' association, the annual meetings of which he attends. In polit ical matters he is republican, versed in all public subjects, and now, in his eighty-first year, a synonym for health and vigor. John G. Turnbull Avas born in Dumphrieshire, Scotland, December 20, 1828. His parents, Robert and Margaret (Graham) Turnbull, re sided in Roxburghshire so early as 1799, for there the eldest son, Thomas, noAv deceased, Avas born. Of their six children, all born in Scotland, John G., of this township, and Sophia, married, residing in Bureau county, survhe. The family settled in Canada in 1837, moved to Joliet, 111., in 1838, where Margaret Turnbull's mother and two brothers Avere attacked ancl carried off by some disease, and Avere buried there. During the following Avinter the survivors of this party moved to Elmira toAvnship, the father purchasing a farm on section twenty-two. Here there were five more children born to them, among Avhom are Robert, married, in Page county, Ia. ; James, married, a citizen of Missouri ; Adam, married, of Fremont county, Ia. ; George, deceased. In politics Robert Turnbull, Sr., AA'as democratic, in relig ion an Old School Presbyterian. He died in 1874, ancl later his Avife, who for years shared all his disappointments and successes, followed OF Elmira township. 491 him to the grave. John G., when of age, purchased 160 acres in Bureau county. In 1859 he married Miss Helen, daughter of Matthew and Catherine (Temple) Scott, natives of England and Scotland, re spectively. Mrs. Scott was a daughter of Robert and Eliza (Elliot) leniple, natives of England, her father being a physician, who on graduating moved to NeAvcastleton, Scotland, Avhere they died. Mat theAv Scott, her father, Avas a shoemaker of Roxburghshire, ancl re sided there until his death. Mrs. J. G. Turnbull came to the United States Avith a cousin in 1858, and, as stated, was married in 1859. She is the mother of ten children, seven of whom are living, viz. : Thomas R., widower, residing here ; Margaret J., married, residing in this toAvnship ; Anna, Henry, Charlie, Cora, and Irvine, all residing at home. In 1860 Mr. Turnbull owned 240 acres in Bureau county, ancl from that year until 1873 made his home there. He purchased 702 acres additional in Elmira township, where the family took up their residence in 1873. He began life's battle as a farm laborer, now owns 942 acres of fertile lands, and one of the most elegant homes in the county. While his wife and some members of his family are members of the Presbyterian church, he is not a member of any society ; but his moral and financial support is given freely to all Christian organiza tions. ( Vide history of township.) William II. Turnbull Avas born on the line of Roxburghshire and Northumberland, bordering on England, February, 1809; Avas married to Miss Mary Hume, of Roxburghshire, in 1837. He came to the United States in 1852, stopping in Oswego county, New York; in 1853 came to Henry county, Illinois, where he engaged in agricultural pur suits. In October, 1859, death claimed his beloved companion, from Avhich time he made his home with his son-in-law and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas OliA'er. On September 14, 1886, while the family were all quietly resting in sleep, little dreaming of the destructive element consuming their dAvelling, they were suddenly aroused by the crackling flames. Only by the greatest efforts of Mr. Oliver Avas his body rescued from the flames, but so badly burned that death resulted ill twenty-four hours later. He Avas the father of seven children, two of Avhom died in early childhood — one in Oswego county, NeAV York, and the other at Elmira. Four sons and one daughter survive him. Two sons are Presbyterian ministers, one noAv pastor of a thriving church in Detroit, Mich., and the other of one in Nova Scotia, Canada. One son lives in Pawnee City, Neb., and the other is in Chicago. William Turnbull, born in Roxburghshire, Scotland, came to Stark County in 1850, died July 12, 1882. Archibald Vandyke, son of Jacob and Alice (Craven) Vandyke, was born in Bucks County, Pa., 'January 10, 1806. His brother Charles Avas also born in that county, Ajiril 12, 1814. The father, Jacob, Avas born in Pennsylvania, October 6, 1764, the mother was born in Penn sylvania, May 17, 1773, of Avhich state her parents, William and Alice Craven, Avere residents, but natives of Holland. Jacob Vandyke was a stone-mason ; Archibald, his son, learned the tailor's trade, and with his brother Charles, are the only representatives of a family of nine children. Archibald was married in March, 1835, to Martha, a daughter of 492 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Abram ancl Martha Slifer, both natives of Pennsylvania, but of Ger man and Welsh descent. That year, Avith his brother, he engaged in mercantile business in Bucks County, Pa., but in 1836, he moved to Osceola Grove, located 160 acres, ancl farmed and worked at his trade here until the lands were placed on the market, when he entered his claim. Archibald ancl wife have no children of their own, but raised four, namely : Anne Sweet, deceased ; Orsinus Sweet, Carlos NeAvman, deceased ; ancl Emma Leonard, married and living in Minne sota. In 1874 he sold his lands at the GroA'e, moved to Kewanee, es tablished a private boarding house, but on the death of his wife in 1877, sold his KeAvanee interests, returned to Elmira, and resides with his brother. In politics he is Democratic, and for over fifty-four years has been an earnest member of the Baptist church. Charles Van dyke married Eleanor, his brother's Avife's sister in April, 1836, and the same month came to Illinois Avith his brother. After a stay of a feAv months at the Grove he returned to Pennsylvania, Avhere he left his neAvly-Avedded Avife in April, engaged in agriculture there until 1811, Avhen he revisited Elmira, purchased eighty acres, to which, within a feAv years, he added 240, and cultivated this tract until 1875, Avhen he sold the farm, ancl purchased sixty acres a point south, to Avhich he has added 126 acres of choice land. Of their eight children five are living, namely : Abram, of Osceola ToAvnship ; Theodore, single ; Charles PL, single ; Alice, married, residing at Osceola, and James H., residing here. Charles Vandyke has ahvays been a far mer. In politics he is Republican like his sons. Adeline Condelle has been Avith the family over forty-five years. Since 1845, Charles has been prominent in the public affairs of the township, and like his brother has always been a leading member of the old Baptist church. Socially, the family hold a high place, ancl are noted for their hospital ity. They have in their possession a Welsh dictionary, a China boAvl, center table, and clothes chest,- brought to America in 1738. Charles and Ellen {Sliper) Vandyke settled at Spoon river in 1836, the same year of their marriage, Avhen they erected their cabin, laid the puncheon floor, put in an old-fashioned fire-place, swung the crane, hung on the kettle and opened up in grand style, Avith one table, four chairs, one bake-kettle, one mush-pot, one bed, a rolling-pin, a hickory broom, two stout hearts ancl as many full groAvn ajDpetites. The Van dykes' golden wedding took jilace April 21, 1886. Hewes White, one of the pioneers, was the father of Wells White, born at Mansfield, Pa., June 7, 1836, came with his parents, IPewes and Anna (Williamson) White to Illinois in 1837 and settled at Osceola in 1838-9. HeAves White carried on blacksmithing there until 1847, Avhen the family moved to Toulon. Here the father died in 1863 and the mother in 1876, leaving three sons ancl five daughters. Wells White carried on the wagon, carriage and blacksmith business Avhich his father established at Toulon. He married a Miss Hill, of Michigan, to whom a son and a daughter have been born. This son, Frank, is also the head of a family, his Avife being Miss Mary, daughter of John Johnson, of Toulon. CHAPTER XVIII. ? ESSEX TOWNSHIP. JPIIS division of the county was settled in 1829 by the Essex family, in whose honor the name was given to it in 1853, by Calvin Eastman, Henry Breese and T. F. Hurd, the "com missioners under the act of 1851 for dividing the county into ¦ townships. Essex forms the center of the trio of Stark's southern divisions. It is a full congressional town ship ; but owing to the fact that the vagrant Spoon river and rambling Indian creek selected it as a special section for their wanderings, the area under cultivation is not of equal extent. The population in 1880, including part of Wyoming village, was 1,452, the village claiming 434. The. villages of Duncan, Slackwater, and Stringtown form the leading settlements. Moulton on its northern border, and Massillon on its western border long since passed aAvay, ancl their sites Avere plowed over by the modern husbandman. Princeville township, adjoining on the south, was settled by Daniel Prince, in 1822, but the family of Stephen French was the first there. Miss Esther Stoddard taught the first school ; Theodore F. Hurd was the first male teacher. Rev. Robert Stewart, a Presbyterian, was the first preacher, while the first death was that of Isaac Essex's father-in- laAv. Princeville village Avas platted for W. C. Stevens, in 1837, where the Presbyterian church of 1834 was built. Monica is a new village. About the time the first settlers came into this district of Spoon river, the Indians were residents. Subsequently they moved some miles westAvard ancl did not return until 1830, Avhen they remained a few years. At this time the forest presented its huge trees without under brush, Avith Indian trails stretching out in every direction. The largest log ever cut in Stark county was that cut in Abner Kerns' timber, just west of Thomas Falkner's farm, in 1876. It is known as the " Centennial Walnut Log." It measured 13 feet long, 5ts feet in diameter, and 17 feet in circumference. Payne, Thomas, David, James, Richard and Abner Kerns assisted in hauling it to the depot at Wyoming for shipment to Chicago. The original entries of lands in toAvnship 12, north range 6, east, together with the names of present OAvners, are given as follows : Edwin Hutchinson, e. hf., n. e. qr.,sec. 1; Aug. 12, 1836. Q. and D. Kerns, 78; A. D. Gilchrist, 57, and E. Hartley, 20 acres. Whitney Smith, w. hf . n. e. qr., and e. hf. n.w. qr., sec. 1; April 11, 1836. Whitney Smith, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 1; Feb. 9, 1836. A. P. McVicker, 38; J. C. Decker, 28^; T. Pox, 4%; B. Drummond, 4; R. Hight, 4%. John Trask, s. w. qr., sec. 1; Oct. 6, 1817. W. H. Cooke, 41; P. Stancliff, 110. William Ely, s. e; qr., sec. 1; Oct. 6, 1817. James Hartley, 98; E. Hartley, 60. 493 494 HISTORY OE STARK COUNTY. Samuel Thomas, n. e. qr., sec. 2; June, 1835. J. M. Thomas, 45; J. E. Decker, 18%, and small lots. Sylvanus Moore, n. w. qr., sec. 2; June 13, 1835. J. M. Thomas, ru w. 145; C. P. McCorkle, 3. John McCloud, s. w. qr., sec. 2; April 9, 1818. Simon Cox, 147%, and small lots. Abram Walton, s. e. qr., sec. 2; April 9, 1818. S. Cox, 70; H. Ingram, s. 80; C. G. Colburn, 10. Herman Leek, n. e. qr., sec. 3; June 13, 1835. D. Guyre, 79; M. P. Vicker, 67%; Jackson, 2%. Whitney Smith, n. e. qr. of n. w. qr., sec. 3; April 11, 1836. John B. Dodge, w. lvf. n. w. qr., sec. 3; June 26, 1835. John Leffler, n. w. 150. John B. Dodge, s. e. qr. n. w. qr. , sec. 3; Nov. 14, 1835. John Newkirk, s. w. qr., sec. 3; Nov. 29, 1817. Miron R. Cox, s. w. 160. Aaron Graham, s e. qr., sec. 3; Nov. 29, 1817. Abner Kerns, s. e. 160. Ira Ward, e. hf. n. e. qr., e. hf. n. w. qr., and w. hf. h. w. qr., sec. 4; June 26, 1835. A. Wilkinson, n. 102%; Sol. Wilkinson, s. 195%. Jenkins Evans, w. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 4; June 26, 1835. Ralph Tucker, s. W. qr., sec. 4; Jan. 3; 1818. Sylvester Wilkinson, s. w. 160. Peter Lawrence, s. e. qr., sec. 4; Jan. 3, 1818. Sylvester Wilkinson, s. e. 160, and Joseph Cox, %. Lewis Perry, n. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 5; July- 3, 1835. Wm. Ogle, 120, and small lots. George S. Evans, s. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 5; Aug. 22, 1836. Stephen G. Worley, n. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 5; Aug. 28, 1835. Hopkins Shivvers, 113, n. w. qr. Seth C. Sherman, s. w. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 5; March 30, 1837. Howard Ogle, s. e. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 5; Sept. 26, 1836. Southward Shaw, Jr., s. w. qr., sec. 5; June 15, 1836. John H. Ogle, s. w. qr. George S. Evans, s. e. qr., sec. 5; Nov. 17, 1835. John H. Ogle, s. e. qr. James K. McLanahan, n. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 6; May 11, 1835. Hopkins Shivvers, 52; B. Turner, 87; Ogle, 10. Robert McLanahan, s. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 6; Sept. 12, 1835. William Mahoney, n. e. qr. and n. w. qr., of n. w. qr., sec. 6; July 3, 1835. Oliver Mahany w. 146; B. Turner, 4, n. w. qr. Samuel Jackson, s. hf. of n. w. qr., sec. 6; March 22, 1836. William Ogle, s. w. qr., sec. 6; April 9, 1836. Wm. Ogle, s. w. qr. James McCray, s. e. qr., sec. 6; Nov. 29, 1817. H. Shivvers, 40; J. II. Ogle, n. w. and s. hf . s . e. qr. William Lloyd, n. e. qr., sec. 7; April 17, 1818. J. H. Ogle, 121, and M. B. Trickle, 39. Southward Shaw, Jr., n. w. and s. w. qr., sec. 7; June 16, 1836. M. B. Trickle, n. w. 158, and 39 of s. w. qr. ; J. Trickle, 39; and McDaniel, 78 s. w. qr. John Meeks, s. e. qr., sec. 7; Aug. 10, 1818. John H. Slater, n. 80; S. Deaver, s. 80. Nathan Cox, n. e.,qr., sec. 8; May 21, 1836. Jesse Cox, n. e. 160. Southward ' Shaw, Jr., n. w. qr., sec. ,8; June 15, 1836. John H. Ogle, 40; Levi Silliman, 120 n. w. qr. Gilman Smith, s. w. qr., sec. 8; April 3, 1818. Levi Silliman, s. w. 160. Gardner Herring, s. e. qr., sec. 8; Aug. 31, 1818. Jos. Cox, 4%\ Levi Silliman, 71%, and small lots. James Zings, n. e. qr. sec. 9; Jan. 1, 1818. Jos. Cox, n. e. 160. John A. Newhall, n. w. qr., sec. 9; Jan. 1, 1818. Wilkinson Bros., 60; Jos. Cox, s. 100, n. w. qr. Javille Chaffee, s. w. qr., sec. 9; June 10, 1818. C. H. Cox, s. w. 137, and 19 acres in small lots. , Nathan Bennett, s. e. qr., sec. 9; June 10, 1818. Moffltts, e. 80, and Monroe Cox, w. 80. Robert King, n. e. qr., sec. 10; Feb. 18, 1818. Abner Kerns, 146; Bailey, 4; Faul- coner, 10. Benj. Davis, n. w. qr , sec. 10; Feb. 18, 1818. Monroe Cox, n. w. 160. John B. McKenny, s. w. qr. sec. 10; Sept. 24, 1818. Moffltts, s. w. 160. John Wortsbough, s. e. qr., sec. 10; Sept. 24, 1818. Perry Stancliff , 50%; A. Kerns, 74%; A. Bailey, 29. John Odam, n. e. qr., sec. 11; Dec. 23, 1817. Abner Kerns, n. e. 160. Tryon Fuller, n. w. qr., sec. 11; Dec. 23, 1817. Simon Cox, n. w. 160. Solomon Libby, s. w. qr., sec. 11; Jan. 23, 1818. Augustus Bailey, s. w. 160, ,-T--- . ,._JX FIBST SCHOOL BUILDING IN STARK COUNTY — -FROM DRAWING BY WINN. ESSEX TOWNSHIP. 497 Joseph Wright, s. e. qr. sec. 11; Jan. 23, 1818. J. Harvey Cox, s. e. 160. Roswell Post, n. e. qr., sec. 12; Dec. 13, 1818. Ann Hartley, n. e. 147. Harvey Sperry, n. w. qr., sec. 12; Dec. 13, 1818. J. Hartley, e. 80; H. Ingram, w. 78. Joseph Woodmansee, s. w. qr. and s. e. qr. ; sec. 12. Nov. 7, 1817. II. Ingram, n. 141; J. McMillen, s. 18, s. w. qr. ; Michael Colgan, s. e. 148. James Selah, n. e., qr., sec. 13; May 22, 1818. J. H. Simms, n. e. 154. John H. Martin, n. w. qr. sec. 13; May 22, 1818. John McMillen, n. w. 160. James Reed. s. w. qr., sec. 13; June 10, 1818. J. O. Smith, s. w. 160. J. H. AVinney, s. e. qr., sec. 13; June 10, 1818. J. H. Sims, 115; J. O. Smith, 39%'. Benj. Lovell, n. e. qr., sec. 14; Oct. 6, 1817. Joseph H. Cox, n. e. 160. John Lovell, n. w. qr., sec. 14; Oct. 6, 1817. A. Bailey, 120; P. Stancliff, 25; R. Jordan, 5; H. Dixen, 10. John Baptiste, s. w. and s. e. qr., sec. 14; April 23, 1818. B. F. Graves, 62; James Graves, 81 s. w. qr. ; Thomas Graves, s. e. 160. Rufus Stanley, n. e. qr., sec. 15; Oct. 28, 1818. Perry Stancliff, 109; Marshall Graves, 100; T. Timmons, 110%. John Bruce, n. w. qr., sec. 15; Oct. 28, 1818. A. Bailey, 23; Josiah Moffitt, 60; A. Timmons, 67%. Isaac B. Essex, e. hf . s. w. qr., sec. 15; June 13, 1835. N. Graves, 5; J. P. Car penter, 80. Nathan Cox, w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 15; May 21, 1836. F. F. -Brockaway, 80; W. K. Cox, 5, sec. 15. John B. Dodge, e. hf . and w. hf . s. e. qr., sec. 15; June 26, 1835. Wm. Holgate, e. hi, s. d. 139%, and w. hf ., s. d. 139%. Vide History of Township. Sec. 16. Joseph Cox, part of div. 2, sec. 16; Jan. 18, 1854. Arvilla Sumner, 108. Mounts family, part of div. 2, sec. 16; Jan. 18, 1854. S. M. Adams, 36; C. H. Cox, 100, and small lots on sec. 16. Joseph Elliott, n. e. qr., sec. 17; Nov. 5, 1818. All in small lots. Aaron Scott, n. w. qr., sec. 17; Nov. 5, 1818. Wilson Trickle, n. w. 160. Samuel Banner, s. w. qr., sec. 17; Oct. 6, 1817. Philip F. Earhart, n. 80; W. Sheets, s. 80. George Blanchard, s. e. qr., sec. 17; Oct. 6, 1817. Wm. Sheets, s. e. 159%. Jacob House, n. e. qr., sec. 1§; Nov. 27, 1818. Charles Potter, n. e. qr. David Barber, n. w. qr. and s. w. qr., sec. 18; Aug. 13, 1836. John Caldwell, n. w. 154; Theodore Whitten, s. w. 157. Thomas Hamilton, s. e. qr., sec. 18; Nov. 27, 1818. John Scott, s. e. 160. George W. Woods, n. e. qr., sec. 19; Feb. 25, 1818. John Finley, n. 80; C. At kinson, s. 80. Stephen Trickle, n. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 19; June 19, 1837. John Finley, e. 89; Sarah Finley, w. 70. Calvin Powell, s. hf. n. w. qr. and n. e. qr. s. w. qr., sec. 19; April 10, 1837. W. H. Twiss, 69; Trickle, 89. Edward Trickle, w. hf. and s. e. qr. s. w. qr., sec. 19; Oct. 13, 1836. John Union, s. e. qr., sec. 19; Feb. 25, 1818. Amelia Standard, e. 80; C. L. Gin grich, w. 80. John Cassady, n. e. qr., sec. 20; Oct. 20, 1817. A. J. Scott, n. e. 160. Thomas Boles, n. w. qr., sec. 20; Oct. 20, 1817. A. J. Scott, e. 22%; Jared Jones, w. 137%. Jacob Yost, s. w. qr., sec. 20; Jan. 7, 1818. F. F. Brockaway, e. 132; A. Standard, 28. Thomas Briggs, s. e. qr., sec. 20; Jan. 6,-1818. E. Trickle, 50; A. J. Scott, 66, and other small lots . Abram Parker, n. e. qr., sec. 21; Nov. 29, 1817. F. F. Brockaway, n. e. 159; Trickle, 1 . Abram Prior, n. w. qr., sec. 21; Nov. 29, 1817. James Kerns, n. w. 160. Cornelius Overlook, s. w. qr., sec. 21; Dec. 12, 1817. E. Trickle, s. w. 153; A. J. Scott, 7. Henry Harmon, s. e. qr., sec. 21; Dec. 12, 1817. Mason Trickle, s. e. 160. Josiah Moffitt, n. e. qr., sec. 22; Nov. 28, 1838. W. K. Cox. Edwin Hutchinson, n. w. qr., sec. 22; March 15, 1837. Thomas Nicholas. Timothy Green, s. w. qr., sec. 22; April 30, 1818. A. J. Fautz, 80; T. Nicholas, 80. John Miller, s. e. qr., sec. 22; April 30, 1818. W. K. Cox, 120; J. Chaffee, 40. Taylor Hardin, n. e. qr., sec. 23; March 3, 1818. Thos. Graves, 140; W. K. Cox, s. e. cor. 20, 498 HISTORY OE STARK COUNTY. Israel D. Towle, n. w. qr., sec. 23; March 3, 1818. James Graves, 80; Thomas Graves, 80. Dirk A. Myers, s. w. qr., sec. 23; Feb. 14, 1818. J. Graves, 35; B. F. Graves, 40; W. K. Cox, 5; W. H. Graves, s. 80. John Murray, s. e. qr., sec. 23; Feb. 14, 1818. W. K. Cox, s. e. 160. Henry Smith, n. e. and n. w. qr., sec. 24; Oct. 6, 1817. L. Dixon, 86 and other lots; Walter Cox; n. w. 160. David Bell, s. w. qr., sec. 24; Dec. 13, 1817. Jeremiah Sullivan, s. w. 160. Charles Cain, s. e. qr., sec. 24; Dec. 13, 1817. Maria McCorkle, 40 and other lots. Michael Colebough, n. e. qr., sec. 25; Nov. 8, 1817. R. Jordan, 80; C. White, s. 80. Edward Keough, n. w. qr., sec. 25; Nov. 8, 1817. R. Jordan, 105; G. Shebel, 49. Herman Fisher, s. w. qr., sec. 25; Oct. 29, 1817. G. Shebel, s. w. 160. Jeffrey Worthington, s. e. qr., sec. 25;. Oct. 29, 1817. Wm. and Rosa Kelepfer, s. e. 160. ^— "' Abe Lucky, n. e. qr., sec. 26; Nov. 3, 1818. W. K. Cox, n. 80; C. Hull. s. 76. George Miller, n. w. qr., sec. 26; Nov. 3, 1818. L. E. Timmons, e. 135; J. Chaffee, 25. John Francis, s. w. qr.,sec. 26; Feb. 19, 1818. A. E. and D. M. Gingrich, s. w. 155. Amos L.' Smith, s. e. qr., sec. 26; Feb. 19, 1818. R. Davidson, s. e. 154. George Phipps, n. e. qr., sec. 27; Dec. 24, 1817. Jarville Chaffee, n. e. 160. Orra Bardsley, n. w. qr., sec. 27; Dec. 24, 1817. J. Chaffee, 80; Jos. Smith, 80. Peter Pilgrim, s. \v. qr., sec. 27; Oct. 6, 1817. Conrad Smith, s. w. 160. J. V. Feagles, s. e. qr., sec. 27; Oct. 6, 1817. D. H. Gingrich, s. e. 160. John McLaughlin, n. e. qr., sec. 28; Nov. 29, 1817. Sylvester Bamber, n. e. 160. Thomas Wynn, n. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 28; Feb. 9, 1836. Mason Trickle, 68; A. J. Scott, 52. Seth C. Sherman, s. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 28; March 30, 1837. E, F. Meeker, 40; n. w. qr. S. Little, s. w. qr., sec. 28; March 27, 1818. E. F. Meeker, 33; A. J. Scott, 127. Joseph Lutz, s. e. qr., sec. 28; Nov. 29, 1817. E. F. Meeker, 40; A. E. and D. Gingrich, 120. John Dickaman, n. e. qr., sec. 29; Nov. 29, 1817. A J. Scott, e. 80: F. F. Brock away, w. 80. Edmund Deady, n. w. qr., sec. 29; Nov. 29, 1817. J. R. Gelvin, n. w. 160. Therrygood Smith, n. e. qr., s. w. qr., sec. 29; Nov. 7, 1836. Henry Colwell, s. w. 158. Joseph Smith, w, hf. and s. e. qr. of s. w. qr., sec. 29; Nov. 7, 1836. Southward Shaw, s. e. qr., sec. 29; Juno 15, 1836. A. J. Scott, e. 80; F. F. Brockaway, w. 80; s. e. qr. Abram Birch, n. e. qr., sec. 30; Feb. 25, 1818. Noah Springer, e. hf.,0. L. Gingrich, w. hf. n. e. qr. Therrygood Smith, n. e. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 30; Nov. 7, 1836. Edward Trickle, av. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 30; Oct. 13, 1836. Oliver Sheridan, s. e. qr. of n. w. qr., ande. hf s. w. qr., sec. 30; Aug. 23, 1836. E. Trickle, n. 120, C. L. Gingrich, 19; D. Gingrich, 20, n. w. Therrygood Smith, w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 30; Aug. 20, 1836. S. B. Gingrich and Dan, 156 on s. w. qr. Jeremiah Hillers, s. e. qr., sec. 30; Feb. 24, 1818. A. A. Gingrich, n. 110; C. Smith, 60 on s. e. William Hollings, n. e. qr., sec. 31; Jan. 7, 1817. U. B. Church, 1; C. Smith, 76; J. Chase, 80. Joshua Nelson, n. w. qr., sec. 31; Jan. 29, 1818. D. D. and Geo. Springer, 159, n. w. Tyre Nelson, s. w. qr., sec. 31; Jan. 29, 1818. M. P. and D. Gingrich, 160 s. w. Stephen Trickle, e. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 31; April 4, 1836. C. Smith, e. 24%; J. Chase, e. 58, s. e. Charles Ballance, w. hf . s. e. qr., sec. 31; April 20, 1836. Joseph Chase, w. 80, s. e. * Southword Shaw, Jr., n. e. qr., sec. 32; June 15, 1836. F. F. Brockaway, n. e. Stephen Trickle, e. hf. n. av. qr., sec. 32; Aug. 20, 1836. F. F. Brockaway, e. 80, n. w. Stephen Trickle, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 32; April 20, 1836. Conrad Smith, w. 80, n. w. ESSEX TOWNSHIP. 499 Edward Trickle, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 32; Oct. 13, 1836. F. F. Brockaway, 66; T. Darley, 23; C. Smith, 11%; D. Gingrich, 23; E. S. Garrison, 12; W. H. Twiss, 23%. Stephen Trickle, w. hf . s. w. qr., sec. 32; June 10, 1836. South word Shaw, Jr.. s. e. qr., sec. 32; June 15, 1836. F. F. Brockaway, 115; B. S. Scott, 45. Charles Austin, n. e. qr., sec. 33; Feb. 19, 1818. J. Graves, 75%; J. S. Graves, 80; G. Springer, 4. Thomas Merritt, n. w. qr., sec. 33; Feb. 19, 1818. A. J. Scott, n. w. 160. James Coleman, s. w. qr., sec. 33, Nov. 5, 1818. B. S. Scott, s. w. 160. Wm. H. Haskill, s. e qr., sec. 33; Sept. 30, 1836. G. W. Springer, 80; J. M. Estep, 80. Consider Yeames, n. e. qr., sec. 34; Feb. 9, 1818. Martha L. Riuer, J. Colwell, A. E. Gingrich, 159, n. e. S. Hodsdon, n. w. qr., sec. 34; Feb. 9, 1818. Ezra Hutchings, s. w. qr., sec. 34; Jan. 11,1818. Jacob and Joseph Graves, n. w., 160. John J. Dunbar, s e. qr., sec. 34; Jan. 6, 1818. J. Estep, 80; H. Springer, 80; s. w.; A. J. Scott, 153, s. e. qr. Francis Morrow, n. e. qr., sec. 35; Oct. 21, 1818. G. Shebell, 80; J. F. Fox, 80. Reuben Rowe, n. w. qr., sec. 35; Oct. 21, 1818. A. E. and D. H. Gingrich, 57; J. F. Fox, 56; and small lots. John Hyatt, s. w. qr., sec. 35; Jan. 1, 1818. Andrew J. Scott, s. w., 160. Charles Maynard, s. e. qr., sec. 35; Jan. 1, 1818. A. J. Lair, 94%; B. H. Per kins, 65%. Wm. Goodman, n. e. qr., sec. 36; Oct, 6, 1817 G. Klepfer, n. e. 160. Richard Ford, n. w. qr., sec. 36; Oct. 6, 1817. F. Mahle, n. 80, J. Friedman, s. 80. Charles Frost, s. w. qr., sec. 36; Feb. 4, 1818. H. J. Adams, E. 105; J. Aly- ward, 55. Andrew Gott, s. e. qr., sec. 36; Feb. 4, 1818. Joseph Friedman, s. e. qr. There are no records noAv existing to point out the end of a large number named in the foregoing list : but to the majority many refer ences are made in the previous and succeeding chapters, as Avell as in this one ; for the early settlers of Essex spread out through adjoining toAvnships, ancl as a rule aided in their advancement. Madison Winn takes us back to 1828, Avhen Isaac B. Essex moA'ed Avith his family from Virginia to Fort Clark, noAv the city of Peoria, and tarried there that winter, teaching school, and it lays betAveen him and Hiram Currier as to Avhich taught the first American school in that city. In 1829 he came to what is now Stark county, it being then an entire wilderness, and built a cabin on the south eighty of the northeast quarter of sec tion 15. His nearest neighbor Avas Daniel Prince, one and one-half miles soutlnvest of Princeville. Some time afterward he Avas appointed postmaster, the office being called Essex, the neighbors carrying the mail by turns from Hicks', on LaSalle Prairie, in Peoria county. 1832 he was appointed special commissioner by the legislature to sell school section of Essex township. A little farther east Avas Greely Smith and his father, Avho came from Ohio in 1830 and settled on a farm now owned by James Graves, and east of him was J. C. Owens, who was made the first Justice of the Peace in the county, being elected in August, 1831, at the house of Benjamin Smith, and held the office until 1834, Avhen he moved to Canton, selling out to Moses Boardman. This is noAv the Thomas Graves estate. In August, 1834, Benjamin Smith Avas elected Justice, and in August, 1835, Major Silliman Avas elected constable to fill the place of John Dodge. Further up the river was Thomas Essex and David Cooper, who came from Virginia in 500 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. 1830. Mrs. Cooper, later Mrs. Ennis, is still living in Wyoming, and is 89 years of age. The farm they settled on is now owned by Mr. Kerns. A little farther up the river and near where Mr. Kerns' house noAv stands lived Coonrad Leak, and still farther on Avas old man Leak, who moved from TazeAvell county, this state, in February, 1832, and built a saAV and grist mill on Spoon river, southAvest of Wyoming, Avhere vou could get your clapboards saAved, corn cracked and Avheat mashed. A freshet in 1836 Avashed the mill away, yet traces of it may be seen today. Still up the river and on the east side was Sylvanis Moore, on the place now known as the General Thomas homestead. Also Jesse Heath kept a little store near by. A little south of here lived John Dodge, on the place now OAvned by Simon Cox. Up and west of here, near the Methodist camp-grounds, lived Wesley and Peter Miner. In 1832 Samuel Seeley moved from Indiana, leaving his family at Moscville, Peoria county, came to Spoon river, made a claim and built a log cabin a few rods south of Avhere Mr. DuckAvorth's house now stands, northwest of Wyoming. While himself and tAvo other men Avere building this cabin it turned cold and they started for MossA'ille, and Avhen they got to Camp run found it frozen OA'er, and in attempting to cross on the ice Avith a yoke of oxen and span of horses, it broke through and let them in the Avater ; the horses got tangled in the har ness, and Seeley to save them, jumped in himself and had to be dragged out, and finally all got out and across. Mr. Seeley's clothes immedi ately Avere frozen stiff, Avhen the men stripped off everything but his shirt, and rolled him up in bed quilts and straw, and drove in that con dition, one walking and driving and the other rubbing Seeley, ancl save frozen hands, got through all right. One mile south of Toulon lived Samuel Merrill, B. Turner now own ing the place. Further south was Major McClennehan, Avho lived where -lames Biggs now resides, ancl part of that house Avas built 54 years ago. South of this lived Stephen Worley, on the farm now OAvned by Hopkins Shivvers. Mr. ancl Mrs. Worley are still living, having moved to Henry several years ago. Mr. Worley is over 80 years of age. Ben jamin Essex came from Virginia in 1830, and settled a little to the west of where Joseph Cox now lives. Mrs. Essex is now living in North Wyoming, and is 85 years of age. Henry White lived on Avhat is known as the Peter Sheets farm, and John Marrow on the James Ballentine farm. Charles Pierce settled here in 1834, erecting a log cabin a little north of the Sheets cemetery. Thomas Winn came from Switzerland county, Ind., in October, 1831, stopping near Peoria ; in 1834 he came to Stark county, and built a cabin in the old Spoon river fort, on section 16, noAv owned by Samuel Adams. Jarville Chaffee came from Michigan in May, 1 834, and stopped with Miner's until fall, when he built a cabin where C. H. Cox's fine house stands. Thinking to get up something extra he split the logs, Avhite- Avashed the inside, and had an upstairs reached by a ladder. This was the entire settlement on Spoon river and Indian creek from 1829 to May, 1834. Dr. Ellsworth came from Ohio in the fall of 1834, and was the first practicing physician in the county. Up to this time there ESSEX TOWNSHIP. 501 was no school nor schoolhouse, and on the 4th of July, 1834, the peo ple came together for the purpose of building one. * * * * * In 1839 several families moved from Pennsylvania and settled in Wyoming, and while they did not particularly want the county seat, they thought themselves entitled to the postoffice, so got it changed from Essex to that place, William Godley being appointed postmas ter. The Eastmans came from New. Hampshire in 1838, and started a blacksmith shop in Moulton, a little south of John Letter's. Here yon could get anything done, from the Avelding of a knitting needle to iron ing a Avagon. It is claimed they ironed the first wagon and buggy : that Avas made in the county, and that Calvin L. made the first ploAv that would scour in this soil. Up to 1835 most of the trading Avas done in Peoria. In August of this year the Essex and Cooper families ran short of groceries, so they filled two grain sacks Avith meat, saddled tAvo horses, Cooper taking- one and Madison Winn the other, and Avith sacks across the saddle, started for the city, taking an Indian trail, going through Princeville and crossing the Kickapoo at Dunlap, arrh-ed at Thomas Essex's late in the afternoon. The clay was exceedingly Avarm, and Avhat bad become of the meat in the sacks was a mystery. Winn Avas a mess of grease from his waist to his heels. They made the trip in three days. Henry Cohvell came from Ross county, Ohio, in 1837, and Avas the first stock auctioneer in this county, and has noAv been ah auctioneer for forty-nine years, being seventy-four years old. He is the father of nineteen children — nine sons and ten daughters. Other pioneers and old settlers of Essex are named in the pages devoted to biography in chapter 16, as Avell as in this part. Sheets Cemetery. — The interments in Sheets Cemetery are listed as follows : Lettice L. Smith, '62 ; Greenleaf Smith, '48 ; Benj. Smith, '47; David Cooper, '60; Argelon Graves, '56; Ann Boardman, '47 ; Moses Board, '47; Mary Baylev, '51; Charles L. Lake, '51; Nero W. Mounts, '47 ; Matilda Edwards, '59 ; Mary J. Timmons, '58 ; Nancy Mounts, '42 ; Ellen Drummond, '60 ; William Johnson, '56 ; Susannah Ely, '66 ; Eunice Johnson, '43 ; Mary Drummond, '65 ; Nathan Cox, '40; Ann Cox, '44; John Cox, '01; Abigail Cox, '77 ; Sarah Cox, '59 ; John Stewart, '53 ; Ealy A. Whitcher, '75 ; Jarville Chaf fee, '46 ; JohnF. Leseur, '63; Elizabeth Cox, '56 ; Margaret Timmons, '75 ; Eliza Ackley, '57; Paulina Ennis, '72; Daniel Davis, '72; Elizabeth Cornish, '60 ; J. Elizabeth Graves, '75 ; George Umbaugh, '55; Avis J. Harris, '58; Francis M. Sollars, '64; Amanda Earhart, '64; Mary A. Drennin, '63 ; Henry Graves, '71 ; Alice Graves, '80 ; Malinda Simmer man, '47; Peter Sheets, '80; William Colwell, '63; Robert Cohvell, '68; Esther Cohvell, '57; Margaret Ballentine, '5S; Mary Turner, '66 ; AndreAv Turner, '49 ; Hannah Cohvell, '54 ; Edman DaAVSon, '54 ; Elizabeth Cohvell, '47 ; Jonas E, Ballentine, '83 ; Matilda Echvards, '47; Mary EdAvards, '54 ; Isaac Echvards, '47. John Cox and F. M. Sollars are the only soldiers resting here. Pleasant Valley Cemetery. — The soldiers and old people interred in Pleasant Valley Cemetery are named as folloAvs, the date of death being given : George Springer, '86 ; Eve .Springer, '72 ; Jacob NeAV- ' 502 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. man, '79 ; Christian Gingrich, '76 ; Joseph Armentrout, '63 ; Susannah Honze, '70 ; Christian Gingrich, Sr., '39 ; Eliza A. Gladfelter, '63 ; Polly Gingrich, '49; Isabella Slaughter, '76; Reuben Collwell, '74; Catherine Smith, '84; Mary M. Nicholas, '68: Mary Coleman, '56; Martha M. Waldron, '71 ; David Waldron, '75 ; Calvin White, '70 ; Malon Cox, '83 ; Samantha Springer, '62 ; Amy Graves, '77 ; 'Clarinda Colwell, '80 ; Nancy Trickle, '81 ; Mary Huffman, '83 ; Sarah Huffman, '73; George Springer, Sr., '49; Henry Springer, '45; Eleanor GraA'es, '71; Elizabeth Barr, '70 ; Elizabeth Barr, '67. The soldiers buried here are: Michael Springer, '63 ; Calvin Vulgamott, '65 ; William B. Barr, '64; Ezra Gingrich, '65; Noah Fantz, '64 ; John Gingrich, '155. In Shebel's cemetery are the remains of Elizabeth Ebv, '85 ; Joseph Eby, '82 ; William Dawson, 85 ; Gottlieb Klepfer, '81 ; Sarah S. Smith, '85 ; SeAvell Smith, 73 ; Edwin L. Smith, '62 ; Gottlieb Schultheis, '71. E. L. Smith served in the Eighty-sixth Illinois Infantry. Schools of Essex. — In 1832-3 the question of establishing a school in the Essex settlement AA'as brought before the legislature, and on March 1, 1833, an act Avas approved creating Isaac Essex commissioner of the school fund and authorizing him to sell section 16. On February 4, 1834, this section ivas sold for $968.70. The day prior to this sale, the voters assembled at the Essex cabin and elected Sylvanus Moore, Green leaf Smith and Benjamin Smith, trustees. Moses Boardman Avas elected in 1835. Madison Winn, in his paper of 1886, says : " On the fourth day of July, 1834, the people came together for the purpose of building one. The site chosen Avas near the northeast corner of the northeast quarter of section 15, in Essex tOAvnship. The building Avas planned to be twenty feet square, and all went to work with a will, some cut ting, some hauling, some making clapboard, and others building. By noon it Avas built up AA'aist high ; and there coining a shower, Ave arranged the clapboards over the Avail and underneath ate our Fourth of July dinner. The first day the Avails were built up to the roof, which Avas soon covered, ancl from Leak's mill slabs aa ere brought for seats. A post Avas drh'en into the ground and a slab laid on it for a teacher's desk, Avhile mother earth was the floor. Adam Perry com menced school about July 15, Avith about thirty scholars, out of Avhich number I am the only one living. (This Perry received $55.50 for teaching the Avinter school of 1834-5 for three months. Sabrina Chatfield, later Mrs. B. Hilliard received $13 for a three months summer school in 1835, and Mary Lake $6.31J for six Aveeks' teaching during the fall term.) In the fall the house was fin ished — a floor put in above ancl beloAV, three AvindoAvs sawed out, the east one haA'ing a light of glass in it, the other two covered Avith cloth, cracks plastered up Avith yelloAv clay, holes bored in the Avails in Avhich pins Avere inserted ancl slabs laid on for desks, and a sod chimney built. Sabrina Chatfield, better known as Grand mother Hilliard (Avhose death is recorded elseAvhere), of Lafayette, hoav taught, and Avas the first female teacher conducting a school in the county. Next was Jesse W. Heath, Mary Lake, Joseph R. NeAvton, William Samis, ancl James Dalrymple. At the close of Mr. Dalrym- ple's school, in March, 1839, he gave a school exhibition, the first in \, ESSEX TOWNSHIP. 503 the county. C. L. ancl S. W. Eastman ancl Jarville Chaffee took part in this exhibition, C. L. speaking the first piece. All three are still living here today. Great credit is due the Eastmans for the interest they took in this exhibition. The first Sabbath-school Avas organized in this building, by one Seigle, in lS37. The Methodists held meetings here for some years, coming from Lafayette ancl Princeville, bringing their dinners and staying all clay. On June 30, 1840, tAventy -three votes AA'ere cast in favor of organization for school purposes. In December. 1856, Cox's school-house, Essex township, Avas completed, on land donated by Joseph Cox. In April 1862, Avhen the present record in possession of treasurer A. G. Hammond Avas opened by W. S. Bates, then treasurer, SeAvell Smith presided over the board Avith Sylvester F. Otman ancl Henry A. Hoist, trustees. In 1863 the board was similarly constituted. In 1864 Sewell Smith, Henry A. Llolst and George Fautz formed the board. In February A. G. Hammond Avas appointed treasurer, vice W. S. Bates, resigned, prior to leaving for IoAva. He Avas a, Universalist preacher at Wyoming ancl other places during his residence here, among his appointments being Sewed Smith's schoolhouse. In 1865 George Fautz was chosen president with Messrs. Hoist, Butler and Jefferson Trickle, ancl in 1866 the name of William II. Butler, Avith Messrs. II. A. Hoist, Philip Earhart and Hammond constituted the board, Avith II. A. Hoist, president. In 1867, 1868 and 1869 the same names appear on the record. In 1869 a petition to change the boundaries of districts 4, 5 and 6 Avas presented, but OAving to a remonstrance the subject Avas adjourned. In 1870 Jarville Chaffee, Henry A. Hoist, Philip Earhart and A. G. Hammond constituted the board. They also served in 1S71 and 1872 until John Barr replaced Mr. Chaffee on the board. In April, 1872 the petition Avas re-presented for a change of school districts and on June 10th, that year, it Avas considered. In order to ansAver this petition favorably it Avas found necessary to change the boundaries of the majority of the districts in Essex ToAvnship, ancl this Avas ac complished after much delay and discussion, a plan ancl chart (formed and dravvn by Mr. Hammond) yas presented to the board by Mr. Hoist. This provided for the ten districts as noAv knoAvn, and seemed so reasonable that its adoption settled this troublesome question. In 1873 the same board transacted school affairs here until the election of Perry Winn and William H. Butler, vice Philip harhart ancl H. A. Hoist, Messrs. Barr and Hammond being continued. In 1876, W. H. Butler's name appears as trustee, and in 1877, A. J. Sheets Avas elected, Mr. Hammond continuing as treasurer. In 1879, Augustus Bailey, C. F. Hamilton and Dr. N. B. Morse, Avere elected trustees, and in April ap pointed Rev. John W. Agard, treasurer, vice Mr. Hammond. In May folio Aving the old treasurer turned his books over to the neAV board, not hoAvever before obtaining an auditing and full business statement prov ing the accounts correct in everj' particular. In April, 1880, John Jordan ancl Royal H. Miller Avere elected to the vacancies occasioned by the removal of Dr. Morse from Essex, and C. F. Hamilton, term ex pired. This election brought up the legal use of length of term ex pressed on ballot, or decision on length of term by new board after 504 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. election. The new board re-appointed A. G. Hammond treasurer vice Rev. J. W. Agard, Avho willingly turned over the records and accounts. The whole legality of the election of trustees was questioned, ancl the supercession of Mr. Agard by the appointee of the new board was tested in a case presented before Judge McCullough, in. September, 1880, at Toulon. Messrs. Fuller and Shallenberger appeared for A. G. Hammond; Messrs. Decker and Wilson, for C. F. Hamilton, who had also been appointed treasurer by a minority of the board of trustees. This Avas decided in favor of the defendant, and Mr. Hammond re tained the office. Messrs. Miller, Jordan and James R. Galvin formed the board in 1881. In 1882 C. P. McCorkle Avas elected trustee. In 1883 N. Monroe Cox was elected, vice J. R. Galvin, Mr. Hammond be ing re-appointed treasurer. In 1884 Philip F. Earhart and N. M. Cox, Avere placed on the board. In 1885, J. R. Galvin was reelected. In 1886 P. F. Earhart, N. M. Cox, J. R. Galvin and A. G. Hammond, consti tuted the board. In 1886 there were 310 males, and 315 females under twenty -one years, or a total of 625,nine ungraded schools, and one graded school attended by 193 males, and 186 female pupils, presided over by six male and seventeen female teachers, the former receiving $1,525.53, ancl the latter $3,636.98 as salary. The district tax, $3,636.98 ; value of property, $16,775 ; of libraries, $300 ; bonded debt, $3,000 ; total receipts, $12,529.16 ; total expenditures, $6,770.45. A. G. Hammond serving as clerk and treasurer. Officials. — The names of all the supervisors of Essex from 1854 to the present time are given below. The name of the first appears in the organic chapter : '54, Samuel Dixon ; '55-7, Josiah Moffitt ; '57-9, Henry Colwell ; '59, John Chaffee ; '60, Samuel Dixon ; '61, John Chaffee ; '62, Jonathan Nicholas ; '63-5, W. H. Butler ; '65, Edward Trickle ; '6&, S. F. Otman ; '67-9, Hopkins Shivvers ; '69, Henrv Col- Avell ; '70, Philip F. Earhart ; '71-4, John H. Ogle ; '74, Timothy Bailey ; '75-7, Jacob Graves; '77, P. F. Earhart; '78, James M. Rogers; '79, William H. Graves ; '80-2, Philip F. Earhart ; '82, John Jordan ; '83-6, Philip F. Earhart ; '86, John Jordan. The justices since 1853 are named as folloAvs: 1853, Isaac Thomas and John Finley; '57, John Finley, S. F. Otman; '61, S. F. Otman and D. Whiffin ; '62, Augustus G. Hammond ; '65, A. G. Hammond ancl Wilson Trickle ; '69, G. B. Lashells, John McMillen ; '73, Philip F. Earhart, J. T. Rhodes ; '74, John M. McMillen, (June); '75, W. J. Al- ford ; '77, Henry Graves and John McMillen ; '80-1, Henry Graves ; '85, John McMillen and A. J. Scott ; '86, Wesley H. Heath. In August, 1870, an election Avas held in Essex township on the ques tion of voting $15,000 in aid of the Court Cr. R. R. or Galesburg and Chicago R. R., and this after a great majority of the citizens of Illinois had voted against the issue of toAvnship bonds for such purposes. The West Jersey people held a similar meeting in July. Pioneer post-office. — *In 1833-4 there Avas a Aveekly mail route estab lished from Springfield via Peoria to Galena. This route ran along the bluffs of the Illinois river, above Peoria up to Hennepin, to Dixon ancl on to Galena. Upon this the early settlers were entirely dependent for their mail matter. There was some sort of an office, or " hole in *• ELMIRA- ^TOWNS HIP. 505 the bluff " just below the present town of Northampton in Peoria county, and a man by the name of Hicks was postmaster. In 1833 a post-office Avas established in the Essex settlement, and Isaac B. Essex Avas appointed the first postmaster Avithin the present limits of Stark county. The mail Avas carried on the volunteer system, the settlers taking turns at carrying it once a Aveek from the office under the bluff. It Avas usually carried in a meal bag, ancl could have been in the crown of a man's hat. " Galena Miner" (as Mr. Harris Miner was often called) generally carried it on foot. The office at this time was an old boot box, set up on pins driven into the Avail, high ancl dry, ancl above the reach of children in the cabin of Mr. Essex. In 1833 only two newspapers were taken in the county, one by Mr. Essex and the other by Benj. Smith. At this date two Aveeks were required to get a paper from Springfield, ancl a proportionately longer time to get intelligence from Washington. This office Avas transferred to Wyoming, where Godley Avas appointed master. The coming of the railroad brought, Avith it the village of Duncan, and with the village returned the post-office. Churches. — The early history of Methodism in this toAvnship, like that of its first settlement is very fully treated in the general history ancl finds mention in the sketches of the Wyoming and Toulon churches. Its establishment is contemporary with the settlement of the Essex family here, in 1829, although a class was not regularly organized until 1835. Rev. Wm. C. Cummings Avrites: "In 1835 I was appointed by Bishop Roberts from the Illinois conference of the M. E. church to (what Avas then) Peoria mission. It extended over a large territory — nearly all embraced noAA' in Peoria and KeAvanee districts, being parts of the following named counties, viz : Peoria, Fulton, Knox, Stark and Marshall. I preached at Father Fraker's, Avhose name is of precious memory in the churches, and rode from there over the ground Avhere Toulon and Lafayette now stand, though they probably had not then been thought of. Not far from the present site of Toulon lived Adam Perry, whom I appointed class leader of a small society in the Essex settlement, and Avhere we held a quarterly meeting in 1835, at which W. B. Mack ancl Stephen R. Beggs Avere present. The circuit preach ers who attended here from 1830 to 1839 are named as folio avs : S. R. Beggs, 1830; Rev. Wm. Crissay, 1831; Zadoc Hall, 1832 ; Joel Arling ton, 1833 ; Leander S. Walker, 1834; J. W. Dunahay, 1836; W. 0. Cummings, 1835-7 ; A. E. Phelps, 1837 ; S. R. Be^gs, 183'J. Since Mr. Beggs' last term, the ' history of Methodism in Essex is that of Tou lon or Wyoming. In church affairs, the Methodists Avere first on the field, but Avere soon followed by the Latter Day Saints, who made some converts here, and, it is said, led some members of the Essex family and others equally prominent, away from their allegiance to Methodism. United Brethren Church, of Essex toAvnship, or Pleasant Valley Church was regularly organized in 1867, ancl the present house* of Avor- ship erected that year. The pastors have been : 1867, B. C. Dennis ; *From Mrs. Shallenberger's Work. 30 506 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. '68, J. L. Condon ; '69, F. J. Dunn ; '71, John Wagner ; '72. P. B. Lee; '74, Geo. H. Varce ; '75, A. Norman ; '77, J. K. Bradford ; '79, A. A. Wolf; '81, A. W. Callaghan and J. S. Smith; '83, J. Lessig; '85, E. O. Norvill; '86, W. E. Rose, the present pastor. The members are Geo. Fautz ancl wife, Noah Springer and wife, Christina Springer, Geo. W. Springer and Avife, Jared Jones and Avife, Henry Springer, Sarah Nickel, Eliza Cohvell, Mary Sheets, AndreAv and Geo. Sheets, * Eliza Eby, Charles Eckley and wife, Peter Sheets, Mary Howell, Mahala Sheets, Geo. Williams, Amelia J. Motes, Cora Cohvell, Arch Jones, Matilda Swanson and Peter Sheets, Jr. Pleasant Valley Church lot and cemetery Avere platted by Edwin Butler, in August, 1873, on two acres in the northeast corner of northeast one-quarter, section 32, township 13, range 7. Duncan. The toAvn of Duncan was surveyed by EdAvin Butler for Alfred H. Castle in June, 1870. Monroe, Adams and Jefferson streets running north and south ; Main, Washington and Galena streets run ning east and Avest, were represented ; but block one forming the ex treme nortliAvestern part of the village and all Galena street Avith northern extensions of Monroe ancl Adams, have been vacated. The first purchasers of lots at Duncan Avere the Scotts, of Wyoming, in 1871 ; Davis LoAvman, Albert D. White, F. F. Brockway, I_. Berg, John T. Fox, in block one, W. O. Cox, Joseph Buck, J. II. Francis, Joab Graves, Rebecca Alford, Nancy Barber, Alex Ivens, Emmett IllingAvorth, Samuel M. Adams, Benj. F. Gharrett, John H. Slater, W. S. Brock- way, and others in blocks two, three, four and five ; Geo. Fautz, Peter Olson, Olof Bergguist, Geo. Cohvell, Louisa Plummer, S. N. F. Westerfield in blocks four and five ; C. M. Jacques, W. J. Alford, Wm. Hobbs, Chris. Gingrich, Jos. P. Paul, Day Bros. & Co , W. H. Nicker- son, the Dixons, Slaters, Gharretts, Scotts and Scott ife Wrigley, Artemus W. Wheeler, in block six. Duncan business circle comprises F. F. BrockaAvay and John H. Slater, merchants ; A. J. Scott, grain and lumber; Geo. Fautz & Co., hardAvare; Wm. Heath, grocer and hotel ; T. C. Thomas, physician ; E. L. Marvin, R. R. agent ; John Barker, blacksmith, with H. G. Slater, postmaster. W. H. Miller was postmaster at Duncan in 1870. The Essex Horse Company Avas organized in April, 1858, on caA'alry plan, but not for military purposes. It Avas to compete with the other townships for the agricultural society's premium for the best twenty- six horses. H. ShivA^ers presided, with J. W. Drummond, secretary. The Essex Township Association Avas permanently organized in Sep tember, 1884, Avith Mr, Chase, of Duncan, president ; Atkinson, vice- president ; Mrs. Wm. Smith, secretary, ancl E. L. Marvin, treasurer. The pensioners residing at or near Duncan in 1883, Avere Andrew S. Scott, receiving eighteen dollars, and W. A. Ellis six dollars per month. In 1834-5 the Indians cultivated their corn-fields along Camping creek and near its mouth ; but their old village on the borders of the Josiah Moffitt farm Avas then deserted, and their council-house in ruins. Even the mimic fortress built at the close of 1832, to commemorate the Avar, was then eroine to decay. A neAV era was introducing itself. ESSEX TO0. Harry Hays, w. hf . s.w. qr. sec. 3; June 17, 1839. Harrison Minor, s. e. qr. Harry Hays, s. e. hf. s. w. qr. sec. 3; June 10, 184,-). H. Johnson and C. Kingman, e. hf. s. e. qr. sec. 3; July 21, 1836. Jeremiah Bennett, 30; Amos Bennett, 10; Harrison Minor, 120 acres in s. e. qr. Harris Minor, n. w. hf . s. e. qr. sec. 3; May 12, 1847. Harris AA'. Minor, s. w. hf. s. e. qr. sec. 3; Oct. 3, 1851. Joseph Norris, n. e. hf . and s. e. hf . n. e. qr. sec. 4; Feb. 13, 1850. George F. Dexter, e. hf.; Jones Peterson, 38; J. W. Dexter, 36 acres inn. e. qr.; O. D. Shaner, n. hf.; J. AA'. Dexter, 36:i4; H. Minor, 3S:t4' acres on n. w. (jr.; J. AAr. Dexter, e. 78 acres; H. Minor, w. 80 acres of s. w. qr.; George F. Dexter, e. 80 acres, and J. AV Dexter, w. 77 acres of s. e. qr. Harry Hays, av. hf . n. e. qr. and all n. w. qr. sec. 4; May 3, 1839. Peter F. Minor, e. hf. s. w. qr. sec. 4; Dec. 3, 1837. Harry Hays, av. hf. s. w. qr. and all s. e. qr. sec. 4; May 3, 1839. Joshua Gear, all sec. 5; June 6, 1836. R. G. Espie, n. e. qr. Dix Ryan, n. w. qr. ; L. Williams, e. hf.;Geo. Eltzroth, e. hf. of s. av. qr. ; Jonathan Carver, e. hf. and Lyman Williams, w. hf. of s. e. qr., sec. 5. Joshua Gear, s. av. qr.'s. e. qr. and n. e. qr., sec. 6; June 6, 1836. AA'. Espie, 100; SAvan Nelson, 49^ acres in n. e. qr., sec. 6; Hiram Nance, n. w. qr.; L. P. Himes, 1561., acres; John Snyder, 13} £ acres in s. av. qr.; E. S. Buifum, 20 acres; H. H. Himes, 60 acres; J. Snyder, 40 acres, and L. P. Himes, 40 acres in s. e. qr., sec. 6. Thomas G. Williams, n. w. qr., sec. 6. ; Oct 6, 1817. Joshua Gear, n. e. qr., sec. 7; June 7, 1836. H. H. Himes, n. e. qr.;E. S. Buffum, n. w. qr.; Peter IT. Wade, s. av. qr.;W. Anderson, n. hf.; Ingel's estate, s. hf. of s. e. qr., sec. 7. Ephraim Dunbar, n. av. qr. and w. hf. of s. w. qr., sec. 7; Aug. 3, 1835. Daniel Hodgeson, e. hf. sw. qr. see. 7; Nov. 3, 1835. Isaac Foster, s. e. qr.sec. 7; Dec. 8, 1817. Joshua Gear, all sec. 8; June 7, 1836. U. H. Brown, n. e. qr., sec. 8; Lyman Williams, n. hf.; John H. Baker, s. hf. of n. w. qr.; Upton H. BroAvu, n. e. 40; A. Anderson, 10; R. C. Baker, 15; Mary A. Baker, 15; A. H. Anderson, 80, on the s. av. qr.;]Nels Lawson, s. hf.; U. H. BroAvn, n. hf. of s. e. qr. of sec. 8. Joshua Gear, all sec. 9; June 7, 1836. Bethuel Parrish, n. e. 40; U. H. Brown, n. av. 40 and s. hf. of n. e. qr. ; E. Carver, n. 120; Jonathan Canrer, s. 40 of n. w. qr. ; same n. hf. of s. av. qr. ; Nels Lawson, s. hf. of s. av. qr.; A. Himes, s. e. qr., sec. 9. Samuel Parrish, e. hf. n. e. qr., see. 10; Dec. 5, 1837. Bethuel Parrish, e. hf. and U. C. Brown, w. hf. n. e. qr. ; Bethuel Parrish, n. av. qr. ; U. C. Brown, s. w. qr.; Bethuel Parrish, e. hf., and U. C. Brown, av. hf . of s. c. qr., sec. 10. Raluff Parrish, av. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 10; April 16, 1838. Joel Parrish, n. av. qr., n. e. qr., sec. 10; Dec. 5, 1837. Azahel N. Harris, n. e. hf. s. av. qr., sec. 10; July 9, 1838. Azahel N. Harris, n. av. hf. s. av qr., sec. 10; July 9, 1838. Jonathan Minor, s. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 10; May 12, 1838. William Bowen, n. e. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 10; Feb. 1, 1836. Azahel N. Harris, n. av. hf. s. e. qr.,sec. 10; April 16, 1851. Charles H. Minor, s. av. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 10; July 16, 1847, GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 527 Jeremiah Bennett, s. e. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 10; Jan. 6, 1849. Alex. Frazier, n. e.-qr., sec. 11; Oct. 6, 1817. D. K. Fell, n. e. 40; J. M. Flint, s. e. 40; Bethuel Parrish, w. 80 of n. e. qr.; Bethuel Parrish, n. w. qr. and s. w. qr.; D. K. Fell, e. hf.;M. M. and S. McKeighan, w.hf. of s. e. qr., sec. 11. Cyrus W Minor, e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 11; Aug. 24, 1836. H. Johnson and C. Kingsman, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 11; July 21, 1836. William Bowen, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 11; Feb. 1, 1836. William BoAven, n. w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 11; Feb. 1, 1836. Jonathan Minor, s. w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 11; May 12, 1838. Francis Tibbins, s. e, qr., sec. 11; Oct. 6, 1817. Daniel Hand, n. e. qr., sec. 12; July 27, 1818. D. K. Fell, n. e. qr.; James Nich olson, e. hf. and M. M. McKeighan, w. hf. of n. w. qr., David Nicholson, s. av. qr.; Robert Nicholson, e. hf ., and John T. Gardner, w. hf. of s. e. qr., of sec. 12. Henry R. Pierce, e. hf . n. w. hf., sec. 12; Sept. 7, 1849. LeAvis Perry, w. hf. n. w. hf ., sec. 12; Oct. 18, 1836. James Matthews, s. w. qr., sec. 12; Nov. 29, 1817. Jesse Bradbury, s. e. qr., sec. 12; Sept. 8, 1818. John Booth, n. e. qr., sec. 13; Feb. 13, 1818. Anne M. Wright, n. e. qr. David Nicholson, e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 13; Sept. 7, 1849. David Nicholson, n . w . qr . Jonathan Minor, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 13; May 12, 1838. George Newton, s. w. qr., sec. 13; Dec. 18, 1817. R. F. Williamson, n. hf.; Geo. Bradley, s. hf. s. w. qr. Henry Webb, s. e. qr., sec. 13; Feb. 13, 1818. Pleasant Follett, e. hf.; T. H. Nicholson, w. hf. s. e. qr. Joshua Gear, n. e. qr., sec, 14; July 13, 1836. John A. Jones, n. e. qr. John Culbertson, n. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 14; May 20, 1836. John A. Jones, e. hf. n. w. qr. Louisa Culbertson, s. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 14; Sept. 1, 1841. William A. Sweet, w. hf. n. av. qr. John Pollock, n. e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 14; Dec. 4, 1848. R. F. Williamson, n. e. 40, and Thomas Gemmell, n. av. 40 of s. w. qr. ; Thomas Gemmell, s. hf . s. w. qr. Robert Mitchell, n.w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 14; Dec. 20, 1848. Robert Mitchell, s. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 14; June 18, 1838. John Pollock, n. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 14; Sept. 25, 1840. T. H. Nicholson, n. e. 40; Mary Pollock, n. w. 40; Geo. Bradley, s. hf . of s. e. 14, sec. 14. Andrew Swartz, s. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 14; July 11, 1839. Jeremiah Bennett, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 15; Jan. 6, 1849. J. M. Stimpson, e. 80; R. B. Jamison, w. 80 of n. e. qr. Jonathan Minor, av. hf. of. n. e. qr. and n. w. qr., sec. 15; July 24, 1837. R. B. Jamison, e. side; Rosa M. Jamison, w. side of n. av. qr, John White, s. w. qr., sec. 15; Dec. 17, 1836. Thomas Church, s. w. qr. Charles H. Minor, s. e. qr., sec. 15; July 24, 1837. Luther Geer, Jr., 43% acres in s. e. qr.; Wm. Farley, 75 acres, and R. B. Jamison, n. w. 40 of s. e. qr., sec. 15. William A. Sweet, lot 1, sec. 16; Feb. 1, 1851 . Joseph Nortman, n. e. qr. and s. hf. of n. e. qr.; Oloff Munson, n. w. 40 of n. e. qr., same n. hf. of n. w. qr.; Edward Nowlan, s. hf. of n. w. qr.; B. H. Snyder, n. e. 40 of s. w. andn. w. 40 of s. e. qr.; Simeon E. Callison, w. hf. of s. w. qr., and T. D. Church, s. e. 40 of s. w. qr.; N. F. Winans, n. end e. hf., and Geo. F. Winans, s. end e. hf., and T. D. Church, s. w. 40 of s. e. qr., sec. 16. Jacob W Rogers, lot 2, sec. 16; Nov. 9, 1850. Lyman O. Riddle, lot 7, sec. 16; Sept. 19, 1848. Lyman O. Riddle, lot 8, sec. 16; Dec. 10, 1850. Jacob W. Rogers, lot 3, sec. 16; Nov. 9, 1850. JohnF. Thompson, lot 4, sec. 16; Jan. 14, 1848. Harry Hayes, lot 5, sec. 16; July 13, 1847. Harry Hayes, lot 6, sec. 16; July 13, 1847. Thomas N. Fitch, lot 11, sec. 16; July 13, 1847. Benj. L. Hilliard, lot 12, sec. 16; July 13, 1847. Benj. L. Hilliard, lot 13, sec. 16; July 13, 1847, John Augur, lot 14, sec. 16; July 13, 1847. Julius Ives, lot 9, sec. 16; Oct. 6, 1848. Margaret Riddle, lot 10, sec. 16; Sept. 19, 1848. John Augur, lot 15, sec. 16; July 13. 1847. Julius Ives, lot 16, sec. 16; Oct. 6, 1848. 528 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Joshua Gear, s. e. qr. and n. e. qr., sec. 17; June 6, 1836. Peter Keckler, e. 104; W. Anderson, av. 59 in n. e. qr., B. M. Jackson, 35; A. H. Jackson 108, and J. Ingel'sest. 13 in n. w. qr.; A. M. Snyder, 98X S. M. White, 10; John A. White, 30, and H. R. Wilson, 20% acres on s. w. qr; A. B. H. Snyder, 75; H. R. Wilson, 27; A.M. Snyder, 9%; John S. White, 19%; A. H. White, 18% on s. e. qr. Heman Knox, n. w. qr., sec. 17; May 11, 1836. John Charles, s. w. qr., sec. 17; May 11, 1836. Jonathan Hodgeson, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 18; Nov. 13, 1835. James Ingels, 90; A. H. Jackson, 53; Happolonia C. Ross, 17 acres in n. e. qr. Hugh Montgomery, w. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 18; August 3, 1835. John Essex, n. w. qr., sec. 18; June 25, 1835. Jonathan Carver, 13; Peter H. Wade, 50; S. White, 5; W. Anderson, 12; Ira C. Reed, 60; James Ingells, 15; Henry Presler, 6, n. w. qr. Henry Dunbar, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 18; August 17, 1835. Ira C. Reed, 60; Frank Atherton, 60, on s. w. qr. William Dunbar, w. hf. s. w. qr. , sec. 18; June 10, 1835. Jonathan Hodgeson, s. e. qr., sec. 18; Nov. 13, 1835. A. M. Snyder, 40; James Jackson, 25; S. M. White, 181.,' and small lots of s. e. qr., sec. 18. John White, n. e. qr., sect 19; August 3, 1835. S. M. White, e. 80; J. A. White, w. 76; S. M. White, 4 acres on n. e. qr. Peter F. Minor, n. e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 19; April 5, 1836. Sam. M. Jones, n. w. 180. Peter F. Minor, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 19; August 3, 1835. J. S. Atherton, s. w. 180. William Haskins, s. e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 19; April 5, 1836. Amos Hodgeson, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 19; June 18, 1836. S. M. White, 40; S. M. Jones, 120 ins. e. qr., sec. 19. Wm. Dunbar, w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 19; June 18, 1836. Dillion Haskins, e. hf . s. e. qr., sec. 19, April 5, 1836. William Haskins, w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 19; April 5, 1836. Edward C. Delavan, w. e. qr., sec. 20; August 12, 1836. A. H. White, e. 80; J. A. White, w. 80 in n. e. qr. Daniel Hodgeson, e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 20, August 6, 1836. John A. White, n. 80; Charles James, s. 80, n. w. qr. Daniel Hodgeson, w. hf. n. w. qr. , sec. 20; August 6, 1836. Edward C. Delavan, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 20; August 12, 1836. Charles James, s. w. qr. Jonathan Hodgeson, w. hf. s. w. qr. , sec. 20; August 6, 1836. Edward C. Delavan, s. e. qr., sec. 20; August 12, 1836. Elijah Eltzroth, s. e. qr., sec. 20. Jesse Bradley, n. e. qr., sec. 21; August 12, 1836. Jesse Bradley, n. e. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 21; August 12, 1836. A. M. Snyder, 120; C. A. Snyder, n. w. 40 of n. e. qr. Henry Buckmaster, av. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 21; October 31, 1836. G. H. Redfield, n. w. 160. Nathan Smith, s. e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 21; March 9, 1838. James Knox, s. av. qr. , sec. 21; April 10, 1837. Charles James, s. w. 160. Ezra Haines, u. e. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 21; May 15, 1840. Marv R. Reafield, s. e. 160, sec. 21. John Dodge, n. w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 21; September 6, 1845. Joseph B. Kowton, s. w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 21; March 11, 1848. E. Brown, s. e. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 2l; July 1, 1845. Charles H. Minor, n. w. qr. and n. e. qr., sec. 22; July 24, 1837. Wm. Farley, 3; Robert Moore, 151 in n. e. qr. Henry T. Ives, n. e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 22; May 4, 1839. Michael Nowlan, w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 22; May 1, 1840. Galbraith Bros., n. w. 151%; C. R. Miner, e. 80; Michael Nowlan, w. 80 of s. w. qr. AVilliam McCormick, s. e. hf. s. av. qr., sec. 22; March 5, 1840. Jeremiah Bennett, e. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 22; September 15, 1838. Hugh Galbraith, e. 100; C. R. Minor, w. 60s. e. qr., sec. 22. Henry Ives, w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 22; September 15, 1838. John Culbertson, n. e. qr., sec. 23; May 26, 1836. Pleasant Follett, n. e. 160; T. Gemmell, 36%; O. Alden, 115, in n. w. qr.; E. S. Garrison, s. w. 160; M. Silliman, n. 110; Pyle it Carlisle, s. 50, in s. e. qr., sec. 23. William Pollok, n. w. qr , sec. 23; June 18, 1838. James Pollok, s. w. qr.,-sec. 23; June 18, 1838. Minot Silliman, s. e. qr., sec. 23; October 18, 1836. * i ^nTTad GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 531 Harris W. Minor, n. e. qr., sec. 24; June 25, 1835. Pleasant Follett, n. e. qr. John Foster, s. e. qr., sec. 24; July 2, 1818. P Follett, n. e. 40; Martha Culbert son, n. w. 35; P. P. Johnson, 5; M. Silliman, 30; P. Follett, 81t£; Emily Culbertson, 9; Patrick Smith, 2; J. Foran, 3^; Tim. Foran, 3% in n. w. qr. ¦ W. Williams, 20; John Hook, 20; J. F. Rhodes, 40; Hugh Rhodes' estate, 40; Thomas Gemmell, 40, in s. w. qr.; William Ogle, Hopkins Shivvers, E. B. Culbertson, M. E. Templeton, J. D. Rhodes' estate, S. L. Johnson, Samuel Burge, D. G. Stouffer, Margaret F. Flint, Mar garet Fell, Cynthia Stickney, Frank Foglesong, M. H. Rounds, W. A. Sweet, Eliza Rhodes, S. Deaver, C. M. S. Lyon, Burge ifc Dewey, Pha'be Rounds, and Patrick Smith are lot owners on s. e. qr., sec. 24. Minot Silliman, e. hf., n. av. qr., sec. 24; July 3, 1835. Minot Silliman, w. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 24; Majr 26, 1836. Minot Silliman, n. e. qr., s. w. qr., sec. 24; May 26, 1836. John Culbertson, n.Av. qr., s. w. qr., sec. 24; Sept. 1, 1841. Samuel Shaw, s. w. qr., s. w. qr., sec. 24; June 27, 1839. Edley Brown, s. e. qr., s. w. qr., sec. 24; Nov. 20, 1840. Herman Johnson, n. e. and n. w. qrs., sec. 25; Feb. 20, 1818. Burge & Dewey, av. hf.; J. F. Rhodes, S1^; S. Lloyd,. 4 acres on n. e. qr.; Franklin Rhodes' estate, 20; Connelly & Flint, 2%; W" F. .Newland, 2, n. e. qr.; Burge & Dewey, n. e. 40; J. F. Rhodes, n. w. 40; F. Rhodes'* heirs, s. 80, n. av. qr.; W. S. Hixon, s. w. qr.; A. Swarts' estate, 8; W. S. Hixon, 128J, and other small lots on s. e. qr., sec. 25. Solomon Dodd, s. w. qr., sec. 25; Nov. 5, 1818. Addison O. Nichols, s. e. qr., sec. 25; July 3, 1835. Edward O. Delavan, all sec. 26; Aug^ 12, 1836. Pyle & Carlisle, 40; J. H. New ton, 80; Hopkins Shivvers, 40, n. e. qr. ; B. S. Garrison, 40; J. H. Newton, 40; Burge & Dewey, 80, on n. w. qr. ; B. Frail, s. w., 160; A. Swarts' estate, 80; George W. DeAvey, Sr., 80 on s. e. qr., sec. 26. Swift Perry, n. e. qr., sec. 27; June 24, 1839. Burge ifc Dewey, n. e. 160; William Ours, n. w. 160; Mary Quinn, s. w. 156; J. H. Newton, n. hf.; J. Demqth, s. hf., s. e. qr". , sec. 27. J. H. Smith, n. w. qr., sec. 27; Oct. 15, 1844. Charles Dement, s. w. qr., sec. 27; Oct. 18, 1848. Joseph H. Newton, s. e. qr., sec. 27; Dec. 16, 1848. David BoAven, Jr., s. e. qr., sec. 28; Aug. 1, 1836. Michael Nowlan, n. 80; O. P. Stisser, s. 80, n. e. qr.; W. Nowlan, n. av. qr.; A. McCurdy, Jr., s. w. qr.; J. H. Quinn, n. hf.; S. S. Clayberg, s. hf., s. e. qr., sec. 28. Hennan Knox, s. w. qr., sec. 28; April 10, 1837. Sardius Brewster, n. w. qr., sec. 28; April 10, 1837. Julius Ives, s. e. qr. and w. hf., n. e. qr., sec. 28; Oct. 18, 1848. Michael Nowlan, n. e. qr. of n. e. qr., sec. 28; March 11, 1848. Edward C. Delavan, all sec. 29; Aug. 12, 1836. James Ingels, n. e. 160; J. A. White, n. 80; J. H. White, s. 80, n. w. qr.; J. H. Winans, s. w. 160; J. Ingels, e. 80; J. H. Winans, w. 80, s. e. qr., sec. 29. Edward C. Delavan, n. e. qr. and s. w. qr. and s. e. qr. and e. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 30; Aug. 12, 1836. Isaac Chatfield, w. hf ., n. w. qr., sec. 30; Aug. 6, 1836. F. A. Jones, 120; S. M. Jones, 40 inn. e. qr.; Martha L. McClenahan, e. 86; Nelson Grant, w. 86, n. w. qr.; E. J. 'McClenahan, s. w. 178 acres; AVilliam Bradley, s. e. 160 acres, sec. 30. Edward C. Delavan, e. hf. and n. w. qr. n. e. qr., sec. 31; Aug. 12, 1836. John Emery, n. e. qr. Edward C. Delavan, n. e. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 31, 1836. Joseph Atherton, n. w. 188 acres. John Montgomery, s. av. qr. n. e. qr., w. hf. and s. e. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 31 March 9, 1836."" E. J. McClenahan, 78; Eliza Berfield, 9; J. S. Atherton, 5; Joseph Atherton', 82 on s. w. qr. ; Eliza Berfield, 80; E. J. McClenahan, 80; on s. e. qr., sec. 31. James Montgomery, w. hf . s. av. qr. ; July 3, 1836. Henry McClenahan, s. e. qr. and e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 31; July 3, 1835. Edward C. Delavan, n. e. qr. and s. e. qr.. sec. 32; Aug. 12, 1836. James Shock- ley, e. 80; Jacob Emery, w. 80, n. ~e. qr.; Jacob Emery, 133; John Emery, 27 acres on n.w. qr.'; Jacob Emery, e. 80, and John Emery av. 80 on s. w. qr. ; James Shockley, e. 80; J. H. Emery, w. 80 on s. e. qr., sec. 32. Edward C. Delavan, n. hf. n. av. qr., sec. 32; Aug. 12, 1836. Coonrod Emory, s. w. qr. n. w. qr. and w. hf . s. w. qr., sec. 32; July and Aug. 1834-5. Jacob Emory, s. e. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 32; July 13, 1836. 532 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Jacob Emory, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 32; Aug. 17, 1835. Joseph Emory, w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 32; Aug. 17, 1835. David Bowen, Jr., n. e. qr., sec. 33; Aug. 1, 1836. S. S. Clayberg, n. e. 160; James Ingels, n. 63; J. Shockley, s. 100, n. w. qr.; Eli Emery, e. 80; Johanna Potter, w. 80, s. w. qr.; Eli Emery, s. e. qr., sec. 33. Edward C. Delavan, n. w. qr., sec. 33; Aug. 12, 1836. Herman Knox, s. w. qr. and s. e. qr., sec. 33; March 17, 1836. Edward C. Delavan, all sec. 34; Aug. 12, 1836. Fred. Rhodes, e. 80; Almira Beam, w. 80, n. e. qr.; James H. Quinn, n. w. 150; James H. Quinn, n. 80; Mary Pyle, s. 80, s. w. qr.; and Wm. Hulsizer, s. e. 160, sec. 34. Edward C. Delavan, n. e. n. w. and s. w. qr., sec. 35; Aug. 12, 1836. John W. Tuttle, n. e. 160; C. C. Rhodes, n. 80; Olivia Patterson, s. 80, n. w. qr.; E. J. Pat terson, n. e. 40; L. H. Baldwin, n. w. 40 in s. w. qr. ; Fred. Fleming, e. 80; D. Flem ing, w. 80, s. e. qr., sec. 35. Jonas Wittiford, s. e. qr., sec. 35; April 22, 1818. Adam Perry, n. e. qr., sec. 36; April 7, 1836. Benj. Turner, e. 53; F. Berfield, s. e. 13; Nelson Burnham, 94 inn. e. qr.; Nelson Burnham, n. w. 160, and n. 114% s. w. qr.; H. J. Ham & Co., s. 46, s. av. qr.; and Frank Berfield, s. e. 160 acres in sec. 36. Edward C. Delavan, n. w. qr., sec. 36; Aug. 12, 1836. Matthew Caldwell, s. w. qr., sec. 36; Feb. 13, 1818. Walter Thornton, s. e. qr., sec. 36; Feb. 13, 1818. Schools. — The appointment of Luther Driscoll, C. H. Miner and Samuel Parrish as school irustees, April 6, 1839, was the initial point in the school history of Goshen. On September 5, 1845, a petition of 75 voters demanded the sale of the school section, and between July, 1817, ancl February, 1851, the whole section Avas disposed of. One of the first, if not the first schoolhouse in Goshen township, was that overlooking the Indian camp, tAvo miles from the Harris farm, on the old state road. Captain Harris, referring to this old school, connects it Avith the capture of the Mormon, Joseph Smith, thus : " One day Avhile the boys were out, he saw a fine covered carriage — the first he ever saAV — drawn by a span of spanking gray horses. Tavo gentlemen were within, Avith nice silk hats, and as they drew up one of them asked Avhich Avas the way to Osceola. Harris gave them the required information, which they acknowledged, and pushed forward with all speed. The pursuing officers soon arrived, inquired of the boys if two gentlemen in a carriage had passed this way, and being ansAvered in the affirmative, the officers also dashed forward toAvard Osceola. At noon the pursued ancl the pursuers returned as prisoners ancl captors. Joseph Smith, the Mormon prophet, was en route to the scene of his tragic death." This reminiscence is given as a legend rather than an historical fact, for the writer cannot fix Joseph Smith's visit to Stark, or connect him in any particular way with the story. The first school election Avas held at Elijah Eltzworth's house, in October, 1840, when Lather Driscoll, Samuel Parrish, Charles H. Miner, Jerry Bennett and Jacob Emery Avere elected trustees ancl T. F. Hurd chosen treasurer. They divided the township into Indian Creek, Lafayette, Emery and Fahrenheit districts. In January, 1841, "a subscription for the pur pose of making up a school" was circulated, and a letter addressed to Colonel Henderson, asking him to introduce a bill providing for the payment to Stark of its quota of the Putnam and Knox counties' school fund. In July, 1843, $36.48 Avas paid to the Lafayette ; $17.32 to the Fahrenheit, ancl $6.56 to the Indian Creek. At this time John T. Guthrie, Abby A. Walter and Abigail A. Lewis were exam- GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 533 ined and received teachers' certificates. Henry T. Ives Avas appointed treasurer. In September, 1843, there Avere 68 children in the Fahren heit; 187 in the Lafayette, ancl 47 in the Indian Creek district. In the fall of 1843 a large number of the pupils attended school at Lafayette and "Ingen Creek." Miss Bradley, John McMurphy, Eliza Rhodes, John W. Henderson, J. B. LeAvis and P. L. Hilliard were teachers here in 1844. In April, 1845, the question of tax for repairing school- houses Avas voted on. In 1843-44 Minott Silliman, W. M. Miner and Israel Stoddard Avere trustees ; in 1844, C. II. Miner, H. Rhodes and Ii. T. Ives. In this year Wm. M. Miner was teacher of the Fahren heit and Abby A. Walters during the summer, Avhile Abigail A. LeAvis presided at the "Ingen Creek" school. George Jackson was chosen trustee in 1844. In 1845 II. J. Rhodes, Joseph Wilbur, George W. Jackson, John White and Harry Hayes were elected. In November, 1845, Lafayette district was divided; and in 1846 the several districts voted a tax of 15 cents per centum of valuation for school purposes. In October, 1847, there were 430 white children reported in the town ship. About this time the schools known as Northwest, Lafayette, Fahrenheit, Toulon, Union and Emery's were changed in name to Nos. 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, respectively. In 1 848 Daniel D. Driscoll, B. L. Hilliard, Harvey J. Rhodes, trustees, and 11. T. Ives, treasurer, approved a plat of the numbered districts. In October, 1851, there Avere 529 children of school age in the township. In 1849 there were 519 pupils in the seven districts of the toAvnship. L. Redfield presided over Dis trict No. 8 school, in February, 1856. He labored for $15 salary ancl board, and of the 28 pupils enrolled 24 generally attended. In Octo ber Miss E. J. Creighton Avas teacher, receiAdng $5 per week. There was a chair in this house but no blackboard. " McGuflfey's Fourth Reader" was the leading book used; but pupils brought with them almost any book which they could obtain. The same trustees served Avith H. T. Ives, treasurer, until April, 1854, Avhen A. Smith was chosen treasurer, with H. Nance, J. F. Thompson ancl J. H. Wilber, trustees. The teachers here in 1056-57 were E. P. Hickok, Miss E. A. Richardson, Leander Redfield, Miss Patience G. Colburn, C. J. Gill, E. K. Evans, Maria Lacy, A. J. Scott, Avis M. Johnson, Miss E: J. Creighton, Lucy W. Morton, S. T. Williams, James B. Emery, H. H. Clock, George Lobinger, J. C. Baker, Harriet P. Dewey, J. J. Clark, Charles Myers (District No. 1, Toulon), George N. Spahr (Stark and Henry), ancl Patrick Nowlan. In this year J. H. Wilber, Benjamin Todd" and Julius Ives were elected trustees with H. Nance, treasurer. In 1857 Ira C. Reed Avas elected trustee vice Thompson, and in October the eleven districts Avere described and established. Among the new teachers Avere Rudolph Babcock, Lydia Church, James Squires, W. B. Moreland, Jennie Goodlander, S. B. Curtis and Salatheel Williams. In 1858 B. M. Jackson Avas elected trustee, and Districts No. 12 ancl 13 were added. Lucretia D. Burgis, Laura Jackson, Ii. Grant, Harriet Snider, Hannah Morey, Amelia L. Halsey, L. E. Miner, T. C. McChes- ness, John W. Ogle, Nelson Atkins, Frances Chapman, Lucy Stiles, Flavia Robinson, Harriet Rhodes and A. M. Herbert were the new teachers. 534 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Isaac L. Hart was trustee in 1858, and in '59, J. W. Rodgers, James Inglis, W.W.Wright ancl Hiram Nance served up to July, 1860, Avhen Daniel J. Hurd Avas appointed treasurer. In 1862, John Emery AA'as elected trustee; in '64, Elijah Eltz worth ancl John A. White; in '66, William Ogle and William Nowlan; in '68, William NoAvlan; in '69, B. L. Hilliard, Looman Himes; in '71, Robert Moore and John A. White ; in '74, George Bradley ; in '76, R. Bruce Jamieson, now of Abingdon, Knox county ; in '77, Robert Moore ; in '79, J. W. Dexter; in '80, George W. Potter and J. H. Quinn ; in '81, John A. White to fill vacancy. In April, 1881, Daniel J. Hurd, after serving as treasurer twenty-one years, gave place to C. M. Beecher. In '82, N. C. BroAvn took his place as trustee ; Frank A. Jones, in '83, vice George W. Potter, John A. White, in '84; F. A. Jones and W. F. Price, in '86. In April, '84, the property deeded by David Smith to the school trus tees, noAv knoAvn as the addition to the old Lafayette burial ground, was deeded hy them to the village trustees. In 1886 there were 271 males, and 260 females under tAventy-one years, one graded school and eight ungraded schools, attended by 230 pupils, ancl presided OArer by fiAre male ancl thirteen female teachers ; the former earning $865.35, and the latter $1,795.45. Tax levy, $2,695; total receipts, $5,610.63 ; total expenditures, $3,321.34. C. M. Beecher was serving as treasurer. Officials. — The first supervisor named in organic chapter served in 1853-4. His successors are named as follows : '55, Lewis H. Fitch; '56-8, Iienry Hayes ; '58-61, Theodore F. Hurd ; '61-3, Jacob Emery ; '63-5, Joseph Atherton; '65-70, James LI. Quinn; '70, Julius Ives; '71, D. J. Hurd; '72, Julius Ives; 73-5, D. J. Hurd; '75-7, Harrison Miner ; '77-9, Luman P. Himes; '79, Joseph D. Rhodes; '80-1, Luman P. Himes ; '82, J. S. Atherton ; '83, James H. Quinn ; '84, Joseph S. Atherton ; '85, John F. Rhodes ; '86, John F. Rhodes. The justices of the peace are named in the following list : 1853, H. R. Halsey ancl H. J. Rhodes ; '55, Henry T. Ives ; '57, Isaac L. Hart ancl Jacob W.Rogers; '61, Minott Silliman and D. M. Kellv ; '65, Hugh Rhodes, H. R. Halsey ; '69, Hugh Rhodes, James F. Thomp son ; '73, W. W. Rhodes ancl J. F. Thompson; Robert Fell (June); '74, .Luther Geer; '75, P. P. Johnson; '77, J. F. Thompson, Payton P. Johnson; '81, James F. Thomson; '82, R. F. Williamson; '85, Perry Winn, James F. Thomson. Pioneer Neighbors. — As stated in the general history the Frakers, Owens ancl Fitch families were the first settlers in the northeastern part of Knox county, ancl consequently the first in the neighborhood of West Jersey and Goshen toAvnships. Fraker had purchased a few quarter sections prior to his coining here, on one of which was an Indian vil lage. When he arrived the Indians strongly objected to his settlement, but in the face of the United States patents they concluded to leave, ancl moved their town to Indian creek of Spoon river, seven miles east of Fraker's grove, to Avhich they often paid visits, and every spring would go there to raise squaw corn and, vegetables and make sugar, their trail running just tAvo miles south of Lafayette village, through what was known as Cedar township, of Knox county. During the Black Hawk war the northeast part of Knox and what are now the GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 535 western towns of Stark, were thrown into great excitement, and set tlers rushed to and fro between Llenderson Fort ancl Essex Fort, but troubles settling doAvn, all returned to their homes except Amelia Fraker (afterwards Mrs. James Jackson, of Lafayette) Avho remained with friends at the fort. The settlement of Lynn township, Knox county, dates back to 1'830, Avhen Michael Fraker settled at the grove. There he erected a hand mill for the use of himself' and neighbors. William Dunbar pur chased the original burrs, and appointed Washington Dunbar miller. Prior to this the Dunbars had a mortar mill. William Hitchcock and Julia Fraker Avere the first parties married, and their example Avas folloAved by Peter Miner and Matilda Smith, Scpiire Fitch officiating. William Dunbar Avas a pioneer of Lynn township, Knox county, as he was of Goshen toAvnship, Stark county. He Avas knoAvn as the " Old Hatter." His hats Avere so substantially built, that it was common for his customers to come in year after year to have them cleaned ancl remodeled. His beaver hats showed the nap, and so on down to the common rabbit skin. It is said that he Avas accustomed to attach a large number of hats to the back of his coat and shoulders, mount his horse, ancl go out on his peddling expeditions so accoutred. He Avas also a shoemaker, and whenever a supply of sole leather failed, he would use bassAvood instead, ancl attach the uppers thereto. A special census of Goshen toAA-nship, taken in the spring of 1866, by LeAvis Perry, gives the folloAving list of the survivors of pioneer times, then residing in the township : Mr. Adams, Susan Miner, C. Driscoll, Lundy Baker, Mary Smith, Caroline Wilson, Sarah Ryan, Olive Newton, Emily White, Hilliard, J. J. Pollok, McClenahan, "W. Ogle, Perry and A. Swarts, Messrs. Harrison Miner, W. M. Miner, L. E. Miner, Harris Miner, Ruloff Parrish, Jeremiah Bennett, Bethuel Parrish, Harry Hays, A. N. Harris, J. H. Wilber, Ira C. Reed, C. S. Driscoll, John Cuncliff, Charles Smith, Abijah Manning, J. A. White, S. M. White, Stephen OrdAvay, Elijah Eltzworth, B. M. Jackson, Israel Stoddard, Marcus Stoddard, Robert Mitchell, Minott Silliman, William Ogle, Andrew Swarts, A. D. Perry, Lewis Perry, J. H. Barnett, Barnabus Frail, Jacob Emery, David Emery, John Emery, Daniel, George ancl Elijah McClenahan, Nelson Grant, Isaac Grant, Nelson Bonham. It is related that Avhen the Frakers, Owens and Fitchs, De Harts ancl Jones settled in the neighborhood of Walnut groA-e and Fraker' s grove, early in 1830, the Frakers Avere not aware of settlers nearer to them than Llenderson, until some travelers informed Jones and De- Hart of Walnut grove of the existence of the Fraker settlement, some distance east. Deilart, his Avifeand tAvo children called on the Frakers next clay, and Avere their first Avhite neighbors. Cemeteries. — Lafayette cemetery dates back to 1837. In it the folloAA'ing named old residents Avere interred: Abiah Manning, 1872; Eliza Manning, '60; Gideon B. Gillette, '49; Mary Ballentine, '77; Sarah J. Grant, '75; Jane A. Smith, '58; Howard Grant, '59; Joshua Grant, '65; Thalia Grant, '53; John Mason, '77; Barzillai Carter, '84; William Rice, '80; William Snyder, '81; Eliza (Snyder) Smith, '61; Ann Fall, '77; Ruluff Parrish, '82; Chloe R. Miner, '78; Horace Miner, 536 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. '53; Harris W. Miner, '58; Susannah Miner, '81; Nancy G. French '70; Stephen D. Easton, '82; Jonathan Ogden, '55; John White, '52 Amelia White, '68; Charlotte Miner, '70; Christopher H. Miner, '52 Walter Scott, '77; Theo. D. Ridgeway, '76; Thomas R. Ridgeway. '50; Jonas Eltzroth, '66; L. H. Jones, '69; Isabella Jones, '72; Maria L. Jones, '78; Moses S. Jones, '65; Ann Jones, '73; Sheridan Jones, '60; Jacob Jones, '56; John Shore, '61; Sarah Shore, '76; Jane Snyder, '56; Elizabeth Schulze, '70; James Chapman, '63; Nathan Bradley, '49; Joseph Potter, '62; Sarah Potter, '74; George F. Hill, '72; Martha C. Hill, '82; Catharine Ericson, '70; William Ayres, '61 ; George Amerine, '68; Abigail A. Walter, '54; Mary Anshutz, '57; Rev. Luther Driscoll, '58 ; Catherine Driscoll, '53 ; Asa Driscoll, '51 ; G. Yale, '82; Abby Yale, '49; Simeon L. Williams, '81 ; Amy Reed, '77; William A. Reed, '73; Eliza S. Charles, '73; Broclie Sellon, '73; Elizabeth Sellon, '73; Sarah Woodcock, '70; Louisa Nichols, '74; Stephen A. Dudley, '78 ; Salome A. Dudley, '81; Jane Frail, '82; Letitia Polhamouse, '46 ; Rosanna Stephens, '37; John Lundy, '64; Margaret Ross, '60; Lydia Calhoon, '57; Susan Watron, '61; Ralph Jones, '70; William T. Dickenson, '59 ; Thomas McNaught, '57 ; Eliza McNaught, '73; Isaac Chatfield, '65; Sabra Chatfield, '54; William P. Lake, '57; Stillman C. Lee, '76; James Ingels, '53; Mary E. Jackson, '84; Ma linda Carver, '85; Charles W. Schultz, '72; Ruth E. Gree, '73; Mary A. Albro. '45 ; Staniev Dunbar, '62; Eliza Callison, '80 ; LeA'i Stephens, '37; Harriet Hayes, ''75; Harriet W. Hurd, '62; B. F. Smith, '65; Erastus BroAvn, '72. The soldiers buried here are William Scott, One- hundred-and-thirty-second Illinois Infantry, in '64; S. W. Gillett, One- hundred-and-fifty-sixtb New York Infantry, '63 ; and Robert C. Reed, Thirty-seA'enth Illinois' Infantry, '61. The figures denote the year of death. The McGlenahan family cemetery in this tOAvnship is an ancient burial ground. There are a feAv interments here, outside of members of the family, which are noticed in other pages. LAFAVETTE VILLAGE. The original town of Lafayette, blocks 1 to 10, of eight lots each, extending from Franklin north to Monroe, and from Timber east to Hoggins, Avas surveyed July 7, 1836, by George A. Charles, for Will iam Dunbar. Main street formed the center of the toAvn, Avith Frank lin. Jackson, Washington, Lafayette, Jefferson, and Monroe running east ancl west. The plat Avas acknoAvleclged by Justice Josiah Witcher, of Knox county. Among the first purchasers of lots at Lafayette Avere B. M. Jackson, 1846; Dan. J. IiuM, '49; Theo. F. Hurd, '50; Sabina Miner, '54; Emeline Headley, '53 ; George Farr, '47; Jacob Ross, "58; Washington Dunbar, '47; Sarah Messenger, '53; Henry Dunbar, '43; George W. Dunbar, '43; James E. White, '46; G. W. Jackson, '40; Peter F. Miner, '37; W. F. Reed, L. B. Leonard, '43; James B. LeAvis, '46; AndreAv Church, Eliza Sellon, '51; Thomas C. Moore, Driscoll & Gooding, '53; William D. Runyan, '47; Nathan BarloAV, '50; Jacob Ross, '53; E. Gunsaul, '48; David W. Brown, James Brink, and James Dunn, '39; Asael Holmes, '41; Harry Flayes, GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 537 '47 ; Hiram Nance, Benj. Brooks, '49 ; James J. Wilson, '42 ; William G. Thompson, '48 ; Robert E. Morrison, '51 ; William L. Marshall, '51 ; V. B. Todd, '52; Eunice Miner, '50; H. R. Halsey, '47; Daniel M. Kelly, '54; William and Charles Pulhamus, '53; John Shore, Mar- cillar Todd, I. C. Reed, James F. Bonham, '40 ; John Thompson, '42 ; S. L. Collinson, '49; John Heclien, '50; Gilbert Ward, '45; Echvard G. Hill, '50; John Fryberger, '41; Elijah Eltzworth, '45; G. W. Jack son, '40; Peter F. Miner, '37; William Kerby. '47; James Carson, '39 ; J. U. Wilber, '40; John F. Thompson, '47; Luther Driscoll, '50; John Augur, '46; school trustees (block 12), '47; Samuel Matheny, '52; Perry Smith, '51; Thomas N. Fitch, '48; Ruliff Parrish, '38-; John Cundiff, '48; Methodist Episcopal church trustees, '62; Thomas Mc Naught, Moses Jarrecl. '47 ; Gideon Hughes, '43 ; Isaac Chatfield, '40 ; Tyrus Himes, '49; William Bowden, '54; Irene Bradley, '40; John White, '51; A. C. Messenger, '47; John Culbertson, '53; A. Lacy, '48; United Methodist Prot. church society, '53; Harris W Miner, '52; Abbey A. Dudley, '45 ; Peter Johnson, '51 ; First UniA'ersalist parish, Lafayette, '76; Abiah Manning, '37; Joshua Woodbury, '43; Enos Pomeroy, '36; Jehial Bouton, '38; R. L. Scott, '55; Walter Llock, '43; F. M. Spring, '53; Samuel Clavcomb, '42; Peter Anderson, '51 ; W. W. Drummond, '51 ; John Zinn, '55 ; D. Ii. Potter, '51 ; William Wheeler, '41; I. C. Webb, '40; Angelet Charles, '36; Almond Walter, '41 ; Alfred Walker, '45. The vote on incorporating the village in 1869 Avas forty-one for, thirteen contra. In September, 1872. a change in charter was desired, ancl on this question twenty-four affirmative and eighteen negative votes Avere recorded. The trustees elected annually are named as follows : 1869 — Thomas W Boss, J. H. Nichols, Dennis Lee, James Martin, D. J. Hurd. 1870— E. G. Hill, D. Lee, James Martin, T. Bidgeway, D. J. Hurd. 1871— J. H. Nichols, James Martin, T. W. Ross, T D. Bidgeway, D.J. Hurd. 1872— J. M. Jones, W. T. Dickenson, T. W. Ross, T. D. Ridgeway, E. G. Hill. 1873— M. S. Barnett, J. Martin, J. H. Nichols, Samuel White, B. H. Snyder, D. J. Hurd. 1873— T. W. Ross, T. D. Ridgeway, D. J. Hurd, J. M. Jones, J. H. Nichols, C. B. Smith. 1874— T. W. Ross, J. H. Nichols, T. D. Ridgeway, C. B. Smith, J. M. Jones, R. S. Jones. 1875— H. R. Wilson, Azro Hilliard, L. E. Morton, T. N. Pitch, I. G. Foster, T. D. Ridgeway. 1876— J. H. Nichols, J. M. Jones, A. Hilliard, L. E. Morton, H. R. Wilson, I. G. Foster. 1877— N. G. Chichester, J. M. Jones, T. A. Jackson, L. E. Morton, H. Presler, I. G. Foster, W. T. Dickenson. 1878— E. G. Hill, A. Bevier, G. H. Hurd, W. W. Ross, AV. Marks, AV. T. Dickenson. 1879— J. F. Thompson, A. Bevier, H. G. Chichester, S. A. Miller, I. G. Foster, W. T. Dickenson. 1880— C. AI. Beecher, A. Bevier, J. F. Thompson, S. A. Miller, I. G. Foster, W. T. Dickenson. 1881— S. A. Miller, James Martin, C. B. Smith, G. N. Kinney, S. White, L. B. Gorham. 1882— R. C. Baker, John Williams, CM. Beecher. 1883— Lyman Williams, J. M. Jones, John Foster. 1884 — R. C. Baker, James Martin, John AVilliams. 1885— J. S. Atherton, E. L. Jackson, J. M. Jones. 1886-87— R. C. Baker, J. R. Crawford, John Simpson. 538 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. The village clerks are named in following list : T. J. Hurd, clerk in 1869; E. G. Hill, '70; T. J. Hurd, '71; E. G. Hill, '72; in '73, the election was declared illegal; in '74, C. P. Jackson AA'as clerk; in '75-77, W. M. Hill; F. A. Jackson, '77; W. M. Hill, '78; R. S. Jones, '80; W. Douglass, '81; J. M. Jones, '82; G. K. Boggs, '83; L. V. Snyder, '84; F. W. EltzAvorth, '85-87. N. R. Halsev Avas police mag istrate in 1876, ancl Charles W. Todd in 1880. The first store Avas built by Jesse C. Ware, on the site of the Lynd House. In 1838, store buildings Avere erected by Barnabas M. Jackson and Theodore Hurd. Ira C. Reed also established his shoe-shop here that }7ear, ancl these, Avith William Dunbar, made up the first business circle of the town. In 1841 the first schoolhouse Avas erected, the hard-Avoocl lumber being saAved at Leek's mill near Centreville. The Lafayette carding ancl woolen mill was established here, but, after running a short time, it closed clown, entailing heavy loss on a feAv of the enterprising men Avho brought it into existence. T. W. Ross Avas postmaster at Lafayette from 1852 to 1860. Lafayette business circle comprises J. S. Atherton, hardAvare ancl postoffice; Beecher & Bailey, W. Simpson, J. F. Thomson, merchants; J. M. Jones, harness; Burns & Haptonstall, meat market ; A. Bevier, Avagons ; T. W. Ross, black smith ; J. R. CraAvford and L. T. Sprague, physicians ; E. G. Hill & Co., lumber, etc., etc. ; F. W. Eltzworth, churn and bee-hive manufacturer and planing mill ; Johnson Bros., farm implements and wagons ; Hough Bros., grain ; C. R. Miner, hotel ; Misses Smith, millinery ; W. B. Smith, grain ancl lumber; Samuel White, brick and tile; John Will iams, boots ancl shoes; James Martin and W. T. Dickenson, carpenters; James Kinney, insurance; W. S. Price, photographer; George K. Boggs, railroad agent. The only men now in Lafayette, Avho Avere here Avhen T. W. Ross settled in April, 1848, and aa'Iio are now in the village, are James F. Thomson, Capt. C. P. Jackson, and E. L. Jackson. Among the Avomen then ancl noAv here AA'ere Mrs. C. A. Wilson, Mrs. Ann Parker, Mrs. Harriet Treachvay, Mrs. Wilbur. Outside the village, a feAv of the old settlers still remain. The pensioners residing at Lafayette in November, 1883, Avere Mary HoAvell, Mary C. Driscoll, Sarah Bevier, Sarah Gillett, eight dollars each ; William Ii. Hurd, E. S. Buffum, and W T. Dickenson, six dollars; W. J. Hamilton, ten dollars; ancl S. W. Haptonstall, twelve dollars. There has been, from the first of August, 1886, to January, 1887, ninety-tAvo cars of stock ancl ninety-six cars of grain shipped from this station. There are tAventy-four cars of oats in store ready for shipment. Societies. — Lafayette Lodge, No. 657, I. 0. O. F., Avas chartered November 20, 1878, with Upton II. Brown,* W. J. Hamilton,* R. O. Phillips,* David B. Cragan and Joseph A. Cisney, members. Of these, W. J. Hamilton* has moved, R. O. Phillips is in California, D. B. Cra gan is not noAv a member, and Joseph A. Cisney moA'ed west. The present members are U. Ii. BroAvn,* G. H. Redfield, J. M. Jones, treas urer 1885-86, S. T. Brown* U. C. Brown,* Samuel White, S. A. Miller,* GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 539 J. F. Smith, W. A. BroAvn, John D. BroAvn,* R. C. Baker, Per. Sec; E. B. Redfield, J. LI. Baker,* and Deputy; C. E. Howell, P. Van Bus- kirk, T. C. Brooks, C. M. Beecher, James Ingals (deceased), A. S. Buffum,* John Williams, George E. Tracy, Joshua Grant,* W. J. Williams, James Kinney,* Abram Files, Willis Pierson, V. II. BroAvn, Ambrose Aten (deceased), Win. Tracy, C. W. Hughey, II. C. Manley, Sec; F. S. Jones, Yr. G.; A. Atherton, Arthur ElzAvorth,* John TitloAv, Jos. Plaxton, John Inglis, Arthur Hough, Peter Keckler, McG. Snider. The lodge has had seA'enty-eight members, but many of them have removed, leaving the above representatives. The Past Grands are marked *. Stark Rebeka Degree Lodge, No. 110, was chartered November 17, 1880. at Lafayette, Avith the folloAving members: S. A. Miller, J. G. Foster, Ii. G. Chichester, G. Ii. Redfield, Samuel White, IT. II. Brown, Mrs. U. C. Brown. R. C. Baker, Mrs. S. Ii. Miller. Mrs. E. G. Foster, Mrs. E. M. Chichester, Mrs. M. R. Redfield, Mrs. H. B. White, Ellen BroAvn, Delia BroAvn and Mrs. Mary A. Baker. There is little or no Avork clone under this charter at the present time, though the circle looks for its prompt revival. Stark Lodge, No. 501, A F. & A. M., of Lafayette, Avas chartered October, 1866, Avith the folloAving members: John B. Smith, f Joseph H. Nichols,* f Austin Smith.* J. M. Jones, Isaac Grant, E. G. Hill,* f G Ii. McClanahan, E. J. McClanahan,* Wm. T. Dickenson,* f Ii. P. Grant, Thomas W. Ross,* and J. S. Atherton.* W. B. Smith Avas first W. M., Jos. H. Nichols, S. W., and Austin Smith, J. W. In May, 1881, a copy of the original charter was issued instead of that de- stroyed in the fire of April 26, 1881, when the old lodge, just north of the present Miner House, Avas burned. The present membership is thirty-one, made up as follows: The charter members marked *, and Abram Bevier, T. C. Brooks, Zack T. Brown, G. K. Boggs, W. I. Adkins, T. D. Church, I. G. Foster, Nelson Grant, jr., John Inglis, Alex. Inglis, Andre av Jackson, Geo. N. Kinney, S. A. Miller, A. II. Nichols, A. B. li. Snvder, A. M. Snvder, Dr. Loyal T. Sprague, W. B. Todcl, W. T. Vanderbilt, J. H. White,f Henry R. Wilson, A. H. White and Daniel White. The deceased members Avere T. D. Ridge- Ava,y,f Walter Scott, Ashael N. Harris, Captain A. N. Harris, J. L. Williams (a druggist ancl postmaster), died in 1881. Among the old members removed are W. B. Smith, M. S. Barnett, a postmaster and druggist, John T. Smith, a preacher of the Christian church. Thomas W. Ross, the present secretary, has serA'ed as such since the fall of 1865, Avhen the lodge Avas organized under dispensation, to the present time. During these twenty-one years he never missed a meeting. Eastern Star Lodge, Lafayette, was organized and instituted Feb ruary 1, 1886, Avith the folloAving charter members: I. G. Foster, T. W. Ross, AndreAv Jackson, J. H. White, T. D. Church, Daniel White, A. H. White, ancl their wives. A. M. Snyder ancl wife were admitted after the lodge Avas instituted. The election ancl installation of officers folloAved. + Worshipful Masters, * also present members. 32 540 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Lafayette Lodge, 421, I. O. G. T., was chartered July 30, 1883, with the folloAving named members : A. S. Atherton, F. S, Jones, H. W. Manley, W. B. Smith, S. A. Miller, V. J. Smith, John Williams, Elmer Beecher, A. M. Jackson, Ella M. Williams, Milla White, Cora Gillette, J. A. Williams, J. M. Jones, Kate Morris, Mary A. Baker. Fred Shore, Mary J. Atherton, Lyman Williams, Harriet Williams, Mary R. Redfield, Kate Jones, George Williams, C. R. Wick, R. C. Baker, C. P. Jackson, Mrs. H. Manley, Nellie Jones and Kate E. Dris coll, W. C. T. and Mrs. Lyman Williams, W. Y. T. Work under this charter is sleeping, OAving to the fact that there are not over four drinkers in the community and not over one "hard citizen." Goshen Township Farmers' Union was organized in the spring of 1 863, Avith Jacob Fall, president, ancl James NoA\ian, secretary. The Union League Avas established at Lafayette during the war. The records Avere ultimately left Avith J. M. Jones, and Avere burned in the fire which destroyed his harness shop. Among the members were J. S. Atherton, J. M. Jones, D. J. Hurd, Squire Kelly, J. Ii. Wilber, and J. Lundy. Churches. — The Baptist church of Lafayette had its beginning in the old "Fahrenheit Church," the history of Avhich is given in the sketch of the Toulon society and much of its personal history carried into the chapter on marriages, as Elder Jonathan Miner joined many of its members in the bonds of Avedlock. The society ivas organized June 15, 1837, and over it he presided until his death in 1844. He also preached at Fraker's ancl at the Franklin church, better knoAvn as " Wall's Schoolhouse." Meetings Avere held at WidoAV Miner's house until April, 1850, AA'hen the church building at Lafayette was com pleted by Mrs. Miner ancl opened for the society. This building is now the planing mill of E. G. Hill. In 1847 Elder Stickney preached at the "Fahrenheit" and at that time the families belonging Avere the Hayes, William and Mrs. Miner, Charles H. Miner ancl Avife, Mrs. Par rish, Elisha Gill and AA'ife and J. M. Stickney ancl yife. In 1848 the church at Toulon Avas organized, a number of members Avithdrew, and the change in location of place of worship became a necessity. A few of the old members, like R. C. Baker, reside here and generally attend the church at Galva or Toulon. The Methodist Episcopal church of Lafayette dates back in the forties. In 1842 the second camp-meeting eA'er held in the county assembled here, and in 1846 there Avas a "Nineteen Days' Revival." In that year a church Avas built here. A. E. Phelps Avas Elder, John G. Whitcomb, P. E.; and Geo. C. Holmes, circuit preacher, Avith W. (J. Cummings, assistant, he being then on the superanuated list. The first names on record of class 1, Avhich met at Sheridan Jones' house at Lafayette in the winter of 1851-2 are as folio avs : Joseph Ii. Wil ber, Wm. M. Pratt, steAvards; Philip J. Anshutz, local preacher; Jon athan and Daniel Hodgson, Sheridan Jones, Lyman O. Riddle, Henry Dunbar, John Auger, James K. Wilson, LeAvis Perry, Wm. Lyman, Henderson Simmons, ancl their Avives, ancl Mary Snyder, Emily White, Eliza Bonham, Rebecca Fraker, Eliza Polhamus. Jane Jackson, Charlotte Miner, all in class 1. In class 2, John Cundiff, Theo. F. Hurd, John Lun- GOSHEN TOAVNSHIP. 541 dy, Elijah Pomeroy, Wm. Stiles, Levi Hodgson, Sil Armstrong, Jas Halsted, Jas. H. Horton, ancl their Avives, Sarah Nance, Abby Walters- Emilene Clarke, Harriet TredAvay, Rebecca Kinby, Amelia Jack-. son, Lydia Church, Rebecca Farr, Eliza Remball or Kemball, Nancy Stephens, Lydia Calhoon ancl Jemima Gacldis. Among the preachers Avho served on this circuit prior to 1873 Avere many of those men tioned in the history of Essex toAvnship. In 1857, Amos Morey ; 1860, Jacob MattheAvs ; 1862, John Chandler; 1864, Henry Sommers; 1865, Wm. Leber; 1868, J. I). Smith and LL Tiffany; 1869, Wm. Under- avoocI, and 1873, G. W. BroAvn. The presiding elders from 1857 to 1872 Avere John Morey, EAving Summers, Jacob Matheney, S. A. Elliott ancl Samuel Hood. The Indian Creek Methodist Episcopal class in 1851-2 held at the Creek Schoolhouse Avas made up as folloAvs : Chas. HoAvater, leader, Peter, Henry, Daniel Howater ancl their Avives ; David, Catherine and Caroline Goshoh, Wm. and Mary Winters, John ancl Jane Dack, Sylvester and Cynthia SAveet, Sylvester, jr., and Mary A. Sweet, Jonathan ancl Amy Rounds, Sophia Parrish, Zeruiah Jackson, Jane Maxfield, Lydia Fuller, Mary J. Smith, Peter and Frances Lutz, Chas. Sarah Fulper, John Uppock, Eliza Senate, Esther Fredley, A rtemus, Amma, Joel H. ancl Mary Goodall, Joseph and Mary Jane Flint. The Methodist Episcopal Church of Lafayette adopted this name for corporate purposes, July 31, 1873, and elected James Martin, EdAvard G. Hill, John Williams, James F. Thomson, ancl Emery Buffum. trustees. Geo. W. BroAvn presided at this meeting. In this year E. G. Hill Avas appointed superintendent of Sunday school ; A. C. Hill, S. King, James F. Thomson, steAvards ; John Williams ancl E. G. Hill, class leaders ; C. Springer, presiding elder, and Rev. G. W. BroAvn, preacher in charge. In 1874, Rev. F. R. Bogges was preacher, P.P. Johnson, steAvard ; Jonas Patterson, class-leader. In 1875-6 E. G. Hill, John Williams, James Martin and Thomas S. Buffum Avere trustees; W. Ii. Hunter, presiding elder, ancl N. C. Lewis, pastor. In 1877, Rev. Jacob Matthews Avas preacher in charge,1 C. Green, recorder ; E. G. Hill, superintendent of Sunday school, G. D. Hitchcock, class leader. In 1879 Rev. H. C. Birch Avas appointed preacher; E. G. Hill, recorder ancl delegate to laymen's convention. In 1880, Rev. D. S. Main Avas pastor ; R. B. Frisby, steAvard ; W. H. Hunter, presiding elder. In 1S81, H. T. BroAvn Avas presiding elder; D. S. Main, preacher; G. D. Hitchcock, local preacher. In 18*2 Rev. L. V. Webber, J. P. For- sythe, presiding elder ; James Martin, steAvard ; Mr. Webber Avas suc ceeded by Rev. A. S. Atherton. In 1883 Rev. L. Springer came with M. V. B. White, presiding elder, folloAA'ed by Rev. Wm. Matheny, and he by Rev. L. G. Cochrane, avIio in 1886 Avas succeeded by W. R. Carr, the present pastor. The Union Church building at Saxon Avas dedicated August 31, 1865. The Presbyterian Church of Lafayette, may be said to have been in existence immediately after, if not at the time the Baptist Society Avas organized at " Fahrenheit," but not until the coming of Rev. S. G. Wright, did an organized Presbyterian body exist there. In 1841 he preached there for the first time, ancl during evening services that 542 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES year induced thirty-eight persons to pledge themselves to temperance. In JanuarA', 1842, twenty-four more signed, and thus temperance and religion Avere preached there until 1846, Avhen some members Avithdrew to join the newly organized Congregational Church at Toulon, the first being Jonathan and Hannah Rhodes and Hugh and Julia Rhodes. In March, 1847, Mrs. Matilda Hall, Eliza ancl Jane Flail, Oren and Sarah Rhodes, Robert and Sarah Nicholson ancl John and Mary Pollok with drew. From this date forward the membership decreased, until, like the Baptist Church, it ceased to be an institution in this township. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints found a footing on Walnut Creek in 1840-7, ancl gained a feAv converts in this county. Among them Avas Deacon Mott, the builder of the old court house. The U. M. P. Church Avas established here in 1853, but of it there is nothing on record. The Universalist Church Avas organized November 29, 1873. by Rev. John Hughs, Avith the folloAving named members : Mr. ancl Mrs. G. H. Redfield, J. A. White, Mr. and Mrs. A. B. H. Snyder, Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Snyder, Mr. ancl Mrs. T. D. Church, Mrs. N. Laffarty, Mrs. A. E. Parker, Mr. ancl Mrs. Samuel White, Mr. ancl Mrs. Chas. B. Smith, Mr. P. LL Smith, Julia Lake, Mrs. Sarah Church, Mrs. Ann Dunbar. The names of pastors ancl date of pastorate are as folloAvs : Rev. John Hughs, 1873 ; Rev. T. H. Tabor, 1874 and '75 ; Rev. John Hughs, 1876, '77 ancl 78 ; Rev. Wiles. 1879 ancl '8b. Deceased that year, Rev. C. R. Gibson, 1881 ancl '82; Rev. Headle, 1883 ; Rev. Geo. Crum, 1884, '85 and '86. The names of secretaries are Samuel White, Miss Mary J. Williams, '79; Mrs. Ii. B. White, '81, ancl Mrs. M. E. Snyder. The trustees were, 1873, John A. White, A. B. II. Snyder, D. A.M. Sny der, and in 1885, J. A. White, Austin Grant ancl A. M. Snyder were elected. The church Avas built in 1875 at a cost of OA'er $3,000, John A. White, G. H. Redfield ancl Samuel White forming the building committee. The present membership is forty-five, ancl value of prop erty, $4,000. The Church of Christ at Lafayette adopted this corporate name, August 1, 1873, ancl elected the folloAving named trustees: John Boyd, HarA^ey J. Quinn ancl James Ingles. John T. Smith Avas secretary. It Ava,s organized some years before by Rev. Milton King, ancl greAV so rapidly that the building of the present church Avas entered upon and carried through successfully. A reference to the history of the Stark County Sunday-School Association will point out the early history of this society in Goshen toAvnship. In August, 1867, Rev. H. Tiffany, J. II. Wilber, Mrs. S. A. Chirk, Avith John W. Clark, alternate, were elected delegates by the Lafayette Sunday-School Association to the Sunday-School Conven tion at Toulon. In June, 1882, the Fourth District Sunday-school Nor mal Institute AA'as organized, ancl the Avork has been successfully car ried on doAvn to the present time. BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. The pioneers and old settlers of AA'hom notices appeared in the press of this ancl adjoining counties, during the last thirty years, as 0E GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 543 Avell as of those who noAv constitute the bone ancl sineAv ancl brain of the township, are referred to in the folloAving paragraphs : Eric Anderson, deceased, born in SAveden in 1810, was married there, ancl Avith his Avife ancl five children came to the United States, locating in this county. During his early years here be Avorked by the month, and by his industry and economy, saved enough from his earm ings to purchase land in Goshen ToAvnship. Fie died April 26, 1876, leaving for the use of his family 160 acres. His Avife is also deceased. Of his ten children, AndreAv, Mary, Elizabeth, Charlotte ancl Sarah J., are numbered among the dead. Christina married Jonas Johnson, noAv of Minnesota ; Catherine and William are at home, Isaac at Wyo ming, and Albert fi. at Toulon. Sarah was born here in 1857, died May 6, 1884. Joseph Atherton, deceased, son of Israel Atherton, of Kentucky, an early settler of Ohio, was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1813. This Israel subsequently settled in H-ancock County, 111., where he died. Joseph came to Stark County in 1845, and with his tAvin brother Mil ton, in the fall of that year, settled south of Toulon. In 1851 they located about three miles south of Lafayette, of Avhich townsliip Jo seph Avas supervisor tAvo terms. He came here Avith little means, but by work and ability left a valuable property at his death, May 1, 1886. lie was married in Ohio, to Miss Eliza Simonson, born in 1812, and a survivor of pioneer clays. They were the parents of tAvelve children, namely: Jesse S., of Lafayette; Milton, deceased ; Charles, a- Meth odist minister in Kansas ; William B. resides in McDonough County, 111.; Sarah J., deceased ; Henrietta, Nancy, Hester, Ann, Lusetta, Franklin P., ancl Paulina. Mr. Atherton was a member of Toulon Lodge, 93, A. F. & A. M., a life-long Democrat, and a citizen of un doubted worth — public ancl private. Jesse S. Atherton, eldest son of Joseph, was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1835, received a com mon school education, ancl folloAved farming until he AA'as nineteen years of age, when he learned the carpenter's trade, AA'hich he followed for a number of years. In June, 1883, he moved to Lafayette, and established his hardware business that year. He was commissioned postmaster in 1885, ancl took possession of the office July 1, 1885. This Avas given as a testimonial of his father's ancl his OAvn unswerving de mocracy. HeAvas married in 1858, to Miss Lois, daughter of Nelson Grant. They are the parents of Allen, Lucy, ancl Charles Atherton. Mr. Atherton is a member of Stark Masonic Lodge, has filled the office of supervisor two terms, and given promise of being as useful a citizen as his father was. Mrs. Allen Atherton died July 31, 1886. She Avas the daughter of LeAvis Williams, of Toulon. R. C. Baker, vide history of county ancl tOAvnship. Jeremiah Bennett, born in NeAV York state in 1795, married Sarah Winnie there, and Avitli her came to this county in 1837, first settling at Farmington, and in 1838 on Avhat is noAV the " Galbraith Farm." In later years they moved to the present farm of Amos Bennett, where Jeremiah died in 1870, aged seA'enty-six, ancl his wife in February, 1886, aged eighty -three years. Both were members of the Protestant 544 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Methodist Church. Amos Bennett Avas born in New York state in 1832, and at the age of five years came Avith his parents to this State. In 1860 he married Miss Hannah, a daughter of Josiah Bunton. They are the parents of nine children : Sarah W., Walter, Ella, Bertie, Amos, Thomas, Lizzie, Laura ancl Emma. lie is the owner of 225 acres, Avell improved. His father was an old line Whig until 1855, when he joined the neAV party, of AA'hich the son is a staunch supporter. A. R. R. Bevier, born in Ulster county, N. Y., in 1820, and Adalme (Misner) Bevier, his wife, born in Sullivan county, N. Y., Avere early settlers here. U. LL Brown, born at Baltimore, Md., in 1822, is a son of Vachel and Sarah (O'Hagan) BroAvn, natives of Baltimore and Richmond, Va., respectively. Both died in Carroll county, Md., Avhere for years they resided. The BroAvns were originally from England and the O'Hagans from Ireland, coining out in colonial clays. U. H. was married in Mary land, in 1844, to Miss Ellen Brangle. In 1857 moved with his ivife and five children to Knox county, 111., and in 1866 into Goshen tOAvn- ship, Stark county, ill. To them twelve children have been born, seven of whom are living, one of whom served in Company F, One Hundred and TAvelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, as related in military chap- ters. Mrs. Brown is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Lafayette. Mr. BroAvn, to Avhom many references are made in the history of the township and village, is a member of the I. O. O. F. and of the Galva Encampment. Emory S. Buffum., a soldier of the late Ava.r, enlisted in Company B, Thirty-seventh Infantry, as related in the military chapter, ancl Avas in active service Avith that command for nineteen months, Avhen his wounds rendered him incapable of further service in the army. He was born at Rock Island, 111., in 1841, but resided in Knox county from the age of seven to the age of twenty, Avhen he enlisted. In 1864 he settled in Stark. A reference to the political chapter Avill point out his services to the republican party since that time ; the school history credits him with being director of his district for a number of years, Avhile that of the I. O. O. F. at Lafayette, points him out a member. Mad be been a member of the county posts of the G. A. R. instead of that at Galva, his military record would be found there as Avell as in the military chapter. The year of his settlement here he married Miss Anna L., daughter o+' Charles Himes, of whom a complete family history appears in this chapter. Of their eleven children, nine are liv ing, namely : Laura L., Charles A., Edwin E., Clara L., Elmer Ii., George N.', Perry Ii., Royd L., ancl Anna M Mr. Buffum is one of those citizens of modern days whose history is so closely identified Avith the last tAvo decades of this count)', that much of it belongs to the county and necessarily finds a place there. Jon.as Biotler, born in Beaver county, Pa., in 1815, moved to Ohio Avith parents in his youth ; to Fulton county, 111., in 1837 ; to Llenry county in 1855, ancl to Lafayette a short time prior to his death in July, 1881. Mrs. P. Cavanaugh, of Saxon, died in August, 1886. She had been long and favorably known, the family being one of the first to settle 0E GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 545 in that vicinity. Her husband, commonly knoAvn as " Old Pat " at all the neighboring fairs, who died about tAvo years ago, was about the first to indulge in high-priced thoroughbred shorthorn cattle, and to him may be traced much of the improvement of the stock of Stark as Avell as Iienry county. She was buried in the cemetery which the family donated for the uses of a Catholic burying ground. Melwida {Nelson) Carver, born at Augusta, Me., in 1810, moved to Ohio in 1817, thence to Indiana, Avhere she married Jonathan Carver in 1830, and both mo\'ed to their home, just north of Lafayette, in 1867. Mrs. Carver died there February 15, 1885. Dr. J. R. Crawford, physician and surgeon, a native of Washing ton county, IoAva, obtained an elementary education in the schools of that county, and completed a literary course at Keokuk, IoAva. He entered the study of medicine under the direction of his brother, Dr. W. D. CraAA'ford, of Coal Valley, 111., avIio Avas his preceptor until he matriculated in the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Keokuk. Ia., in 1879. He took a full course of lectures there ancl won the graduate's diploma in 1882. The succeeding year he practiced in Mills county, Iowa, and coining to Stark county established his office at Lafayette in the spring of 1884. Since that time he has built up a lucrative practice ancl a very enviable reputation as a physician. In 1881 he married Miss S. M. Phillips, of Coal Valley. He is a member of the Military Tract Medical Society. Wm. L. Dalrymple, who settled in Wethersfield toAvnship, Iienry county, in 1853, ancl served that county as clerk for about tAV en ty -three years, ancl treasurer for four years, died December 27, 1885. Elder Delle Avas an old member of the Congregational church of Lafayette. Mrs. Dickinson, mother of W. T. Dickinson, died at Lafayette, September 12, 1885, aged eighty-six years. Mrs. Rebecca {Delerga) Dickinson, born at Orwell, Vt., in August, 1805, died at Galva, 111., June 24, 1886. At the age of fifteen years she came with her parents to St. Lawrence county, N. Y., AA'here in 1823 she married Norman Church. In 1847 she moved to Lafayette, since Avhich time she has lived in or near the place. She Avas the mother of ten children, seven of whom are living ; three, T. D. Church, Mrs. O. B. StoAvell, and Mrs. C. V. Dickinson, Avere Avith her in the dying hour. Jeremiah Demuth, son of J. A. ancl Jane (Rist) Demuth, was born in Fayette county, Pa., June 26, 1830. In 1852 he married Miss Jane Robinson, in that state, and five years later moved to Goshen town ship, settling on his present farm. In 1863 he purchased an eighty- acre tract, Avhich he brought to the highest state of cultivation. He also owns land in Nebraska. Mr. D. has served as school director and highway commissioner several terms, and- also filled other township offices. His family consists of seven children, namely: Elvira, residing here; Clark, a. physician, residing in Michigan ; Smith, in Nebraska ; Anna, residing at home; is skilled in hair work ; Diantha, in Nebraska, Oliver, in Nebraska, ancl Eugene at home. Mr. Demuth is republican in politics, and both he and Avife are old and earnest members of the 546 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES M. E. church. Miss Elvira Demuth is a teacher in the district school. This is her thirteenth year in the profession, during which she missed but three terms, presiding from four to six terms over one school. Lotan Dexter, deceased, Avho settled at Toulon in 1854, Avith his brother-in-law, O. Maxfield, in 1855 in Goshen, ancl avIio in 1856 es tablished his permanent home at Toulon, Avas born in Kennebec county, Me., January 30, 1S01. He married Miss Ruby Fish there, ancl in 1853, Avith five children moved AvestAvard. Those children Avere Bethana, of Newton, Kan.; Marshall, of Henry county, 111.; George F., of Goshen; Henry, deceased, ancl James W., of Galva. The father died in 1873, lea\'- ing a widow and large family, the former still residing at Galva. Henry served in the Thirty-seventh Illinois Infantry, was AA'ounded at Pea Ridge, from Avhich Avound he died in 1873, in his thirty-seventh year. ( Vide mil. eh.) James W. enlisted i n Ilyslop's Battery, Marine Artillery, ancl Avhen this command Avas disbanded, reenlisted in another regi ment. George. F. Deader is the only representative of the family of Lotan in this county. He Avas born in Piscataquis county, Me., January 11, 1832, came to Stark county in 1853-54, ancl here married Miss Laura, daughter of Wesley ancl Susannah (Smith) Miner, in November, 1855. Of their children, Eliza J. is dead, Ruby J., George G, Iienry H. and Fred A. reside here. The family belong to the Baptist church. A reference to the history of the Miner family in Stark county, given both in the sketches of Goshen and Toulon as Avell as in the general history, Avill show Avho the ancestors of Mrs. G. F. Dexter Avere. Mr. Dexter OAvns 300 acres of well improved land in this tOAvnship. Daniel Dodge, formerly a citizen of Goshen, died in Missouri in July, 1869. 2/rs. S. A. Dudley, at ho Avith her husband came to Illinois in 1853, and moved to Galva in 1869, died at Ansonia, Conn., August 1, 1881, ancl Avas interred at Lafayette. Stephen D. Eastern, born at Drakesville, N. Y., in 1809, married Miss FoAvler in 1825, moved to Peoria in 1850 ancl in 1853 to Lafay ette, Avhere he died June 10, 1882. Flis wife died seven years prior to that date. Elijah Eltzroth, one of the oldest living settlers of Goshen, Avas born in Warren county, O., July 13, 1817. His parents, Valentine and Patience Elizabeth were natives of Maryland and New Jersey respect ively. At the age of seAren teen years Elijah moved to Goshen, Cler mont county, O., and there learned the cabinet trade. Tn 1835 he Avent to Alton, 111., worked there for some time, revisited his Ohio home, and in 1838 returned to Illinois, taking up his residence at La fayette. Here he carried on the cabinet trade after he married and conducted the village hotel for about five years — from '44 until '49. At that time he had many to entertain, and at prices that Avould startle the modern hotel man. Meals 12-V cents, lodging 12^ cents, and livery equally cheap. In 1850 he purchased the 160 acres on Avhich he noAv resides at $2.25 for one eighty acres, ancl $3.50 for the other eighty acres. This Avild land he brought to the highest state of cultivation. In 1843 he married Miss Betsy M, daughter of Wm. A. Reed, of Knox OF GOSHEN TOAVNSHIP. 547 * county. Of their nine children, six are living, namely : Fanny, Forrest, Arthur, Clara, George ancl Ehvood. He and Mrs. Eltzroth were origi nally members of the Congregational church of Lafayette, but since its disorganization they have not united with an}' other denomination. Up to 1855 Mr. Eltzroth voted Avith the democracy, but since that time has supported the republicans in all national affairs. Connected with this family there is the name of one other pioneer of the county — Rachel (Eltzroth) Coburn, who settled here in 1839, and in 1840 located at Princeville. Conrad Emery, deceased, who settled here August 7, 1835, was born in NeAV Jersey. Was reared principally in Pennsylvania, where he was married to Sarah Fisher before they removed to Holmes count)', Ohio, Avhere they lived until 1835, the time of settlement here. The journey Avest was made with ox teams ancl wagons, the party compris ing four families, viz.: Jacob Emery ancl wife, Deboclota, Joseph Emery and wife, Hannah, Jesse and wife, Margaret, and Conrad, the father of three sons. Conrad purchased 240 acres of Avild lands at congress prices, and on this land he settled and lived during his life. He Avas a soldier of the Avar of 1812, and did duty on the frontier in defense of the homes ancl lives of the border settlers. To them Avere born thirteen children, eleven of whom came to Stark county Avith their parents, viz.-: Jacob (Gah'a), Catherine (deceased), Joseph (de ceased), Edith Russell, Jesse (Princeville,- 111.), Sarah McClennehan (deceased), Conrad (deceased), Milly (IoAva), David (Iowa), Mary (IoAva), and John, who resides on the old homestead. John Emery is the youngest son of the family of Conrad Emery, and the only representative of the family in Stark county. He Avas born in Holmes county, Ohio, in 1827, Avas eight years old Avhen his parents settled on the prairies of Illinois ; received a common school education' ; was married to Sarah, daughter of Joseph Potter, an early settler, noAv deceased, in the year 1849, Avho has borne him six children, five living, viz. : Estella O., Charles A., Everett (deceased), Luellen A., Gilbert C. He owns a farm of 267 acres of good land, which com prises the old homestead; is a member of the I. O. O. F., Lafayette lodge, ancl votes the Republican ticket upon all questions at issue. Jacob Fall, born at Eaton, Ohio, in 1810; settled Avith his family in Goshen township, this county, in 1857. In 1869 he moved to Abing don, Avhere he died April 19, 1885. Mrs Farr. On October 2, 1865, four sisters, Mrs. Farr, of Lafay ette ; Mrs. KnoAA'lton, of Indiana, and Mrs. Tufts and Mrs. Tullis, of Iowa, met at Lafayette, being the first meeting for forty years. Mrs. Farr at as then seventy-five years old. Barnabas Frail, avIio settled one mile south of Wyoming in 1835, Avas one of the three pioneers 'of that immediate neighborhood; — Gen. Thomas and Capt. Butler being the others. In the vicinity were Peter Miner, Samuel Seeley, Elijah McClenahan and James liolgate avIio settled hear, ancl also Whitney Smith, S. Moore, Lemuel Dorrance, Dexter Wall, John Phoenix, Peter Shaffer, George Wentin, Robert Sheeley, A. Avery, Henry Sheeley, M. Sbiellaman, Adam and Lewis Pay, H. Lick, Nelson Grant, B. Smith, J. P., Moses Boardman, Thos. 548 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Winn or Wing, Ira Ward, John ancl Borden Dodge, William Mahany, Major McClenahan, and perhaps a few others. Mr. Frail was born in Donegal count)', Ireland. After a voyage of seven weeks he and his brother landed in New York, he being then nineteen years old. For some time they worked on the Erie canal and other public works, and in 1835 came to this county, each bringing a Avife and child. In 1837 Barnabas moA'ecl to Avhat is now Goshen township, squatted on a piece of land and next purchasing 160 acres. His brother moved to Knox county, Avhere he died in 1843, and was the second body interred in the cemetery at Lafayette. Mr. Frail married Jane Fairchilds in Pennsylvania. Of their ten children eight are living, namely : James, John, Susan, Thomas, Elizabeth, Sarah, Margaret and Kate, all resid ing in this county except Sarah, avIio lives at Burlington Junction, Mo.; Lydia and Hugh are deceased. Mrs. Frail died in 1882, aged up- Avards of sixty-nine years, in full communion with the Catholic church, Avhich is also the church of the family. Prior to settlement here Mr. F. belonged to the Pennsylvania citizen volunteers. Politically he is a democrat. He started farming in this county over fifty years ago, Avith some means, ancl now OAvns 160 acres of fine farming land. D. K. Fell, son of James and Isabella (Kyle) Fell, Avas born in Roxburghshire, Scotland, November 22, 1842. Some years later the father died there, and in the summer of 1852 the widow (hoav eighty- one years old) and children came to America and settled in Elmira. She noAv lives Avith her children. The eldest son, William, emigrated from Scotland to the Falkland Islands, and thence to South America in 1 854, and has resided there since ; James is in Henry county, Margaret and Isabella in Toulon, Elizabeth in Llarrison county, Mo., Robert in Toulon township, Elliot in Clay county, Neb., Adam, deceased ; D. K. in this county, Walter at Chicago, ancl Jemima in Erie county, O. Adam G. Fell served Avith Company B, Nineteenth Illinois Infantry, and Com pany K, Fourth United States Cavalry, as related in the military chap ter, was made prisoner near Atlanta in 1864, and endured the horrors of prison life at Andersonville, Milan, and Florence, Ala., and died while en route home at Annapolis, Md. Robert also served in the same commands until the close of the war ; Walter Avas in the One-hundred-and- tAventy-fourth, and served Avith his command to the close. D. K. Fell Avas educated here, and worked on rented farms until 1866, when he purchased 160 acres, to which he has added 200 acres here, and 160 in Nebraska. He married, August 27, 1867, Miss Helen, daughter of Thomas and Isabella Jackson, natives of Roxburghshire, Scotland, and to them eight children have been born : Adam G., Thomas F., Willam A., Jennette I., Elizabeth LL, Mary A., Henry O., and Luella, deceased. In politics he is Republican. Gideon B. Gillette was born in Sullivan county, NeAV York, in the year 1815, of English and French parentage. He Avas married to Sarah A. Dixon in 1837, came Avith his wife and four children to Stark county, 111., in 1842, where he settled upon and OAvned a part of the farm now OAvned by Austin Grant. Iiere he spent the few years allowed him, dying in the year 1849, of consumption, leaving a widow and three little daughters, Cynthia having died a few years previous. Theda, OP GOSHEN TOAVNSHIP. 549 the eldest daughter, noAv the Avife of C. II. Fuller, of Galesburg, 111., master train-dispatcher in the employ of the Chicago, Burlington et Quincy Railroad Company, they having one son, Fred. O, married to Nellie Hill, also of Galesburg, they residing in Bloomington, 111., he being in the employ of the Chicago, Burlington 6z. Quincy Railroad Company at that place. Abbie, second daughter of Gideon B. and Sarah A. Gillette, wife of F. J. Bush, banker at Clear Lake, la., have two children, Mabel and Grant A., Mabel being the Avife of A. D. Da\'is, Avith Perry & Co., Chicago, 111., they having one little daughter, Maud B. Grant A. is an attorney at laAv, Lincoln, Neb., a member of the firm of Barnes & Bush, married Mabel A. Barnes, of Lincoln, Neb. Mary Jane, third daughter of Gideon B. ancl Sarah A. Gillette, married James Balentine, of Toulon, 111. Mary Jane, noAv deceased, leaving tAvo children, Charles ancl Blanche. It is said of Gideon B. Gillette by those to whom he was best known, that an enemy Avas unknoAvn to him. On the contrary, he Avas blessed with the happy faculty of making many friends; the poor ahvays found in him a Avilling helper. He was public spirited and successful in his business undertakings, and had he lived would have been, no doubt, as he intended, an extensive land OAvner. He died as he had ahvays lived, a true Christian. J. T Gardner settled on the Avest line of Toulon in 1866, purchasing at this time seventy-six acres there. In 1880 he sold this farm and pur chased his present eighty acres in Goshen. He Avas born in Adams county, Pa., March 27, 1833, of Avhich county his parents, Barnhart and Mary Gardner (Avhose maiden name Avas Mary Trostle) Avere natives. T. J. Gardner learned the miller's trade from his father, and Avorked Avith him in his mill until 1854, Avhen he came to Fulton county, 111. He Avas engaged in agriculture there until 1862, Avhen he moved to the Pacific coast, and there, in Oregon and Idaho, Avas en gaged in mining until 1865, when he mounted an Indian pony ancl made the return journey to Fulton county in safety. In 1855 he mar ried Miss Philura Bliss, to whom four children were born, three of Avhom are living, namely : Alice, Eddy and George. His Avife and two children are members of the Methodist church of Toulon. Polit ically Mr. Gardner is a Republican, ancl Avhile voting with his party on all questions, never fails to recognize Avhat is just in the principles or platform of his opponents. Hugh Galbraith, son of James and Jane (McCaslan) Galbraith, natives of Donegal county, Ireland, Avas born in 1811. His parents came to Philadelphia in 1828, where they died. Hugh Galbraith was married to Miss Anne Wolson, daughter of Thomas and Ann Wolson (also natives of Donegal), July 3, 1833. Of their eleven children seven are living, namely : James, born in April, 1836, now at home; Annie, noAv Mrs. John Ogle, of Essex tOAvnship, born in 1843 ; AndreAv, ex- sheriff of the county; Hugh, born in 1846; Eliza Jane, born in 1849, now Mrs. Samuel LoAvman ; Rebecca, iioav Mrs. Moore, of Peculiar, Mo., born in 1851; Robert, born in February, 1857. Andre av enlisted in the Marine Artillery ancl re-enlisted in the Illinois Volunteers and served until the close of the Avar. Mr. Galbraith owns 260 acres of the finest lands in the county, and is engaged in stock-raising. Mr. 550 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Galbraith has been a Republican all the time. In 1858 he moved with his family to Stark county and has resided here since that time; Eph. Garrison, a nath'e of Clinton county, O., died July 2, 1882, in Goshen, after seventeen years residence here. He married a daughter of Jonathan Pratz, of West Jersey. Luther Geer, one of the old settlers of Goshen, died Monday, June 27, 1881. He Avas born in NeAV London, Conn., in 1817, married Abby Hempstead, and came to Illinois in 1840, settling in this county. Nelson Grant, son of Joshua and Thalia Grant, natives of Connect icut, Avas born in Brown county, N. Y., February 16, 1810. His parents moved from Connecticut to NeAV York and thence to Illinois, both ending their days in Knox county. Nelson received a practical education in the district schools here, but the greater part of his time was devoted to farm work. On September 12, 1834, he married Miss Polly, daughter of Isaac ancl Sabra Chatfield, pioneers of Peoria county, 111. In 1835 he and his wife moved into the original western part of Putnam, then a part of Knox county ,and now Stark, settled near Lafayette, where he purchased eighty acres of prairie and erected a bass-Avood log cabin. Here the young couple began life in its real form and resided for about forty years. In 1835 deer, Avolves and many other animals of the chase were nath'es or visitants of these prairies, but like the wild grass and flowers, ancl even the lazy reel man, they disappeared before civilization. Mr. and Mrs. Grant were the parents of eight children, seven of whom are noAv living, namely : HoAvard P., Isaac, Lois, wife of J. S. Atherton ; Nelson, Jr., Julia, Avife of William Gibbs ; Orsin, deceased ; Caroline, wife of A. D. Scott, ancl Joshua. Mrs. Grant was born in New York state, November 10, 1814. Mr. Grant is one of the feAv pioneers left us, if not one of a trio of the first settlers hoav in the county. For years he was a devoted Republican until the newly-organized goddess of Prohibition won his allegiance. His connection with pioneer times and the official history of his township and county is related in other pages. Orson Grant, of Lafayette died June 14, 1883. He vvas born here in 1847 ; married Miss D. C. Sherman in 1866. Llis father, Nelson Grant, settled here in 1855. Ruth Graves, daughter of Joseph Graves, Avas accidentally shot by her cousin on August 11, 1869. She died within thirty minutes. Thomas Gemmell Avas born in Ayreshire, Scotland, in the year 1837. He is a son of Thomas, Sr., ancl Elizabeth Gemmell, natives of Scotland, the former of Avhom died in his native land. Our subject Avas raised in the village of Maypole, where he received the • rudiments of his education. In 1851, at the age of fourteen years, he emigrated to America, coming Avith John A. Regan, present editor of the Elmwood Observer, Avho Avas his guardian. Landing in this country he secured employment with a William Leightner, of Knox county, with whom he resided tAvo years, after AA'hich he learned the wagon making trade with Bassett & Booth, of Knoxville, staying nine months. Disliking the trade he returned to his previous employer. In 1861 he enlisted, in Mercer county, 111., in Company A, Thirtieth Illi nois Volunteer Infantry. He served during the war. Veteranized in 0E GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 551 fall of 1863 same company and regiment, ancl was in the engagements of Belmont, Ft. Iienry, Ft. Donaldson, Corinth, Vicksburg, Jackson, Nashville, through the Atlanta campaign ancl was Avith Sherman in his memorable campaign to the sea, ancl the grand revieAV at Washington. Private soldier ; upon his return home took up the avocation of farm ing. In 1867 he sent for his mother ancl three half-brothers, avIio were residing in Scotland, who came directly to him ancl took up farming Avith our subject. Tavo reside in Penn toAvnship, viz.: Robert ancl Joseph Parker — the other deceased, viz.: John. Flis mother died in Peoria, April 18, 1886, aged seventy-three years. Our subject Avas married in 1871 to Miss Anna Shearer, having settled the year pre vious in this county, purchasing land in Valley township, residing there till 1872, Avhen he purchased in Toulon toAvnship, residing there till 1873, the time of his settlement on present place Avhich contains 160 acres. He has another tract of forty acres in the township. He and his Avife are members of the Baptist Church, Toulon, with Avhich they have been connected some time. To them have been born seven chil dren, viz.: Elizabeth, Maggie, Sarah, Anna, Tommy, Gracie ancl David. Politically he formerly voted the Republican ticket, ancl at present is independent in politics. William J. Hamilton was a member of Company F, One-hundred- and-tAvelfth Regiment; discharged at close of Avar. Andrew Hamilton serA'ed in the Sixty -sixth Regiment through the Avar ancl was honorably discharged. Asahel N. Harris ancl family settled in Fulton county in February, 1836, at Wethersfield, Henry county, in 1S39 ; in 1841 settled on Indian creek of Spoon river, ancl in 1843 located on sections 9 ancl 10, Goshen, where, it is alleged, a division of Black FlaAvk's Indians camped in 1832. This land was purchased in 1843, from one of the early settlers of Goshen, avIio joined the Mormons at Nauvoo. Harry Hayes, born in Saratoga county, N. Y., in 1806; there married Harriet Wright, also a nath'e of NeAV York. They, Avith their daughter, Julia A., came to Goshen toAvnship in 1837. Mr. Hayes en tered half section on 4, Avhich he improved, lived on thirty years, ancl ultimately removed to Knox county. During his residence here be took a very prominent part in public affairs, as shoAvn in the history of the tOAvnship. Mrs. Hayes died in 1875, aged sixty-seven years. Of her four children, Margaret is deceased; Julia, named above; Mary E., wife of A. M. Snyder, and Eugene K. are living. The family claimed membership Avith'the old Baptist church of Lafayette. John. S. Ilaxton, born near Hudson, N. Y., in 1801 ; moved Avith parents to Bradford, Pa., in 1807; to Wisconsin in 1855; settled in Stark county in 1856, ancl made his home at Lafayette in 1857; died September 13, 1S81. Mrs. Martha C. {Carrie) Hill, born in 1800, died at Lafayette March 10, 1882. She married G. F. Hill in 1S24 ; emigrated to Canada in 1831, ancl came here in 1857. Her husband died in 1872. Mrs. Sabrina {Chatfield) Hilliard, the first female school-teacher in Stark county, died at NeAV Virginia, la., January 28, 1886, aged sixty- nine years. " She married here in 1834, ancl resided near Lafayette 552 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES until 1873, AA'hen she moved to Iowa. Mrs. Nelson Grant, of La fayette is her sister. Azro Hilliard was born in Vermont, December 8, 1813. He is a son of Rev. John and Mary (Telly) Hilliard, the former of New Hamp shire, the latter of Vermont. He learned the carpenter's trade, obtained a practical education and learned the cabinet trade in Vermont, at the same time he was engaged in carpentering. He Avon the reputation of a skillful Avorkman in the manufacturing of any thing his ingenious mind devised. In 1843 he located at Chicago, landing Avith his chest of tools and seventy-five cents. He soon became in great demand in that enterprising village, AA'here his services were largely sought in building houses and the construction of articles in skilled mechanism. lie prospered and accumulated a good property, residing in the city of his adoption till 1866, the time of his removal to Lafayette, Avhere he noAv lives in retirement. He owns considerable real estate, consisting of toAvn property and over one hundred acres of good farming land in Knox county, Illinois. He has served on the village board two terms. He Avas married in Chicago to Mrs. Thersa J. Sherman, daughter of F. A. Flowe, a pioneer of Chicago and an early laAvyer, in the year 1852, who has borne him tAvo children, viz.: John A. and Fred. L., both on farms in Knox county, 111. Mrs. II. settled in Chicago Avith her parents in about 1833. She informs the Avriter of this sketch that she, in her girlhood, picked hazel nuts at Avhat is noAv Lake street, ancl that she, too, distinctly remembers the issuing of goods to the Indians. Before their removal sheds were im provised for houses and the population was very small. Charles Himes (deceased), ivas born in Rutland, Vt., in the year 1810, on April 25, ancl is a son of Amos Himes and Anna Adams, his Avife. Our subject Avas taken Avith his parents to Pennsylvania (Brad ford county), where he greAV to manhood. In 1837 he came to Farm ington, this state, and resided a year, then returned to Pennsyh'ania, Avhere he resided till 1846, Avhen he remoA'ed Avith his Avife ancl children, five in number, to Stark county, settling in what is now Goshen toAvn- ship, purchasing at that time 160 acres of prairie land. Here he settled, broke up, and got in cultivation his land and improved it, living there on during his life ancl prospered. He Avas an energetic, public-spirited man, devoted to the cause of education and a supporter of the public school system, and lor years stood at the head of school work in his district as a director. Fie also seiwed his toAvnsmen in the capacity of road commissioner. lie was a member of the Disciple church, Avith Avhich he connected himself in Pennsyh'ania, and it Avas through his personal efforts that the Disciple church Avas organized at Lafayette. In about 1855 he connected himself with the Baptist church, of Avhich he Avas a member at his death. lie Avas married in Vermont to Laura Greno, Avho bore him nine children, viz.: Franklin, deceased ; Moses A., deceased ; Inman P., Arkansas ; Austin G, Anna L., Clarisa L., Emma L., Jennie, Homer H. Mr. H. died November 21, 1876. Mrs. II. died January 10, 1869, born in 1809. In her early life she was a member of the Disciple church, and later in. life joined the Baptist church. Mr. Ii. Avas a Whig up to the formation of the Republican OF GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 553 party, when he joined it and was a warm supporter of its principles. All of his children, save Jennie, reside in Stark county, she in Kansas. Austin C. Avas born in Bradford county, Pa., in 1840. He was six years old Avhen his parents settled on the. prairies of Illinois, Avas reared on the farm land ; in the district schools obtained a practical education. He Avas married to Miss Louisa M., daughter of A. M. Starr, in 1872, who has borne him seven children, five living, viz.: Charles A., Mary E., Ralph J., Ruby, and one deceased, unnamed. He ancl Avife ancl family are members of the Baptist church. Politically, he votes the Republican ticket. He enlisted in 1862 in Company F, One-hundred-and-tAvelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served until the Avar Avas over. Was in the battles of the regiment up to the time of the Atlanta campaign ; Private, discharged in 1865. Inman P. was a member of Company B, 'hirty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, enlisting in 1861 ; went out as corporal, rose to the first-lieutenant, ancl was breveted captain ; was discharged in 1866. Homer H. Himes, the youngest son of Charles Himes, whose history is given here, Avas born in 1853. Mr. Himes was educated in the schools of Goshen, and here on November 25, 1880, married Miss Kate, a daughter of John Williams of Lafayette. To them tAvo children were born — Mabel E. and Rena M. The family reside on the old Himes homestead, to Avhich a tract has been added, making a fully improved farm of 220 acres. In politics he is a republican. Since 1867 he has been a member of the Baptist church at Gah-a, ancl for seven or eight years past, one of its trustees. Mrs. Ilimes is also a member of this church. Cadwalader Howell, a soldier of the War of 1812, died in Goshen, April 20, 1877, aged 86 years. Daniel J. Hurd, born in New Jersey in 1820 ; came Avith his brother to Lafayette in 1842, and clerked for him tAvo years, Avhen he succeeded to the business Avhich his brother established here in 1840. He mar ried Miss P. M. Smith, daughter of one of the soldiers of the Revolu tion, in 1848. James Ingels, formerly of Lafayette, Avas accidentally killed in Florida in January, 1 883. James Jackson, son of Jonathan ancl Mary (Pellington) Jackson, Avas born in Orange county, N. Y., July 21, 1812. The family moved to Clermont Co., O., in 1819, and ultimately to Stark county, 111., Avhere his parents died. James resided in Ohio until 1838, AA'hen he traveled westward and selected the neighborhood of Lafayette for his home, working here at various employments, sometimes farming and again assisting in his brother's store. ' In 1841 he moved to Knox county, where he resided until 1869. In that year he purchased lands near Lafayette at $100 per acre. He noAv oAvns 230 acres in Knox county and 26 acres surrounding his present residence, lie married Miss Amelia, daughter of Michael ancl Elizabeth (Coleman) Fraker, well- known pioneers of Knox county, avIio settled among the Indians, and were twice driven from their homes during the Indian troubles. This Michael Fraker was the father of tAventy-four children by three Avives. Mr. ancl Mrs. Jackson are the parents of AndreAv (still living), and 554 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Mary E., Avho is gone with the majority. Mr. Jackson cast his first vote for "Old Hickory," ancl has been an advanced Democrat down to our own times. He has never been a member of secret or religious societies, and revels in the ideas of free citizenship. His wife is an exemplary Christian lady of the Methodist faith, and his son is a mem ber of the Masonic society of Lafayette. Barnabas 21. Jackson (deceased), born at Goshen, Orange county, N. Y., in 1807, was a son of Jonathan and Mary (Pellington) Jackson, Avhose parents Avere nath'es of Ireland ancl England respectively. The family moved to Goshen, Ohio, Avhen Mr. B. M. Jackson was 11 years old. In that toAvn he entered a store as clerk, Avhere he labored for tAventy years. In 1833 he married Miss Jane Meek, and in 1838 they moved Avith their two children — Casimer ancl EdAvard — to Lafay ette in this toAvnsh p. The trip AA'as made by river to Peoria, thence by wagon road to Lafayette, AA'here he opened a general store, being one of the first merchants here, ancl for sixteen years one of the leading residents of the county. In 1854 he purchased 200 acres of land adjoining the village, Avhere he resided during the remainder of his life. In 1844 he AA'as elected to the Legislature on the Democratic ticket, and served therein Avith profit and credit to his constituency. He Avas the second recorder of this county, serving one term. Though not a mem ber of any orthodox church, he Avas kindly disposed toward all, and gave to each liberally of his means. A man of remarkable executive ability, he made all his dealings profitable solely by correct and methodical Avork, and at his death, March 14, 1877, a profound sorroAV AA'as manifested by the great number of his acquaintances in this ancl other states. Mrs. Jackson died December 24, 1880, aged 67 years, after a most useful life here of 42 years. She Avas an exemplary mem ber of the Methodist church through all those years. Of their eleven children, nine are living, namely: Casimer, Echvard, Albert, Barney, Lucius (in this county), Charles (in Nebraska), Luna (in Knox county), Fred (in Iowa), and Phineas (in Nebraska). Margaret died in Ohio Avhen two years old, ancl Myra died in this state. Barney, one of the sons, enlisted in the One Hundred ancl Thirty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry in 1865, ancl served until the close of his term. A. II. Jack son, the eldest son, born here in 1840, noAv resides on the old home stead, which comprises 164 acres, all well improved. The members of this family have taken a full part in the progress of this township, and a few of them now are re-enacting pioneer times beyond the Mississippi. Capt. C. P. Jackson the eldest son of Barnabas Jackson, Avas born at Goshen, O., in 1833, Avas educated in the common schools, enlisted in 1S61 in Company B, One Hundred and Thirty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry as a private, Avas transferred to the front Septem ber 15, '61, AA'as elected First Lieutenant, but on account of disability, caused by sickness, resigned his commission July 9, 1862 — recovering his health, re-enlisted in 1864 in Company I, One Hundred and Fifty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry, was elected Captain on the organi zation of the company and served as such until the Avar Avas over, when he was honorably discharged. Upon his return to civil life he engaged as a clerk in the mercantile buisness Avhich since has been OF GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 555 principally his avocation. Married Miss E. LL Todd in 1857, Decem ber 24, aa'Iio bore him one child, viz.: E. Ii. Mrs. Jackson died June 2, 1859, aged about eighteen years. His second marriage Avas celebrated March 15, 1864, with Mary Lacy. avIio has borne him one child, viz.: Ecldis L. Mrs. Jackson died January 1, 1S65. Captain Jackson votes the democratic ticket upon all questions at issue. J. 21. Jones, son of As bury and Hannah Jones, natives of NeAV Jersey, was born in Guernsey county, 0., in 1836. There his parents settled at an early date, and there both died. The boyhood clays of Mr. Jones Avere passed on the farm. About 1850 he Avas apprenticed to a, harness-maker at New Philadelphia, O. In 1851-2 he traveled some in the east. Avorked principally in Pennsylvania until 1857, Avhen he first came to Lafayette. In 1859 he located permanently here ancl established his harness ancl saddlery house, Avhich has since been suc cessfully conducted by him. As a Avorkman and straight dealer he is unequaled, as tiiose long years of business testify. He Avas a charter member of the Masonic Blue Lodge, of Lafayette, from which he Avas demitted. For years he has been prominent in Odd FcIIoav circles as told in the history of Lafayette Lodge, and is also a member of the Galva Encampment. Up to 1884 he affiliated with the Republi can party ; but in that year cast his fortunes with the prohibitionists, he being an earnest advocate for temperance. A reference to the polit ical chapter of the general history, as Avell as to the sketch of Lafay ette, av ill portray the part taken by Mr. Jones here since 1857. He Avas married February 14, 1860, to Miss Kathern S. Atherton. They are the parents of t\vo children, Miss Nellie M. one of the successful school teachers of the county, and Francis Asbury, station agent of the California Southern R. R. at Temecula, Cab Sheridan Jones (deceased), born in Scotland, is a son of Jacob Jones, a native of Scotland, avIio settled first in Muskingum Co., 0.,Avhere the family lived seven years; moved to Indiana and in 1839 located at Lafayette, ancl in the folloAving year located on land noAv OAvned by Samuel Jones. They purchased 160 acres of land OAvned by Sheridan at Congress prices. Ou this land Jacob Jones lived and died. He AA-as a Methodist in religious belief. He Avas aged Avhen he came ancl lived only tAvo years after settling here. Sheridan Jones was married to Ann Meek in Ohio. They came OA'erland ivith team ancl Avagon Avith their family. On the land he settled he lived during his life-time and prospered. Both he and Avife Avere members of the Methodist Episcopal church anclexemplary Christian people. To them Avere born six children, namely: S. M. and F. A., living in this county; John Z., deceased ; Moses S., deceased ; Rufus S., Atkinson, Neb.; Margaret J.. Avife of Thomas Jones, Indian ola, IoAva. Moses Avas a member of Company B, Thirty- seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry; enlisted in 1881; seVved his time of three years ; Avas A'eteranized and served till close of Avar as corporal ; died at home, as stated. John L. Avas a mem ber of the Eighteenth Missouri Regiment ancl served through the Avar as private; died from being struck by lightning. Mr. Jones died in 1861". His Avife is also numbered with the dead. Mr. J. Avas an uncom promising Republican and a staunch supporter of its doctrines. S. M. 33 556 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Jones Avas born in Clermont county, Ohio, in 1829 ; Avas ten years old when his parents settled in Stark county, where he received a- limited education in the common schools. He Avas married to Martha Ii. Red- field, aat1io Avas born in West Jersey. He has resided in the township continuously since 1839, ancl carries on a farm of 355 acres of well- improved land. To them have been born a family of four children, namely: Delia A., Avife of John A. White; Frank S., Emma A., wife of B. F. Jackson, in IoAva, and Ida May. Mr. Jones votes the Repub lican ticket. Frank S. married Miss Emma Mauley. ( 'apt. F. A. Joins, second son of Sheridan Jones (deceased), was born in Clermont county, Ohio, August 13, 1831. He was in his ninth year Avhen the family settled in the Avilds of Stark county. Here he obtained the education Avhich the district schools offered, and the more practical one Avhich labor on the farm gave. About 1S52 he entered life for himself and Avas engaged in agriculture until the breaking out of the Avar of the rebellion, Avhen he enlisted in Company B, Thirty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, ancl Avas elected Second-Lieutenant on the organization of the company. He was ordered to Camp Webb, Chi cago, and thence to Missouri, aa here for two years his command Avas engaged in active service at Pea Ridge and other places. In 1863 the regiment Avas ordered to take part in the Vicksburg campaign, and later dispatched to Ncav Orleans; thence to Brownsville, Texas, where it veteranized. Prior to this he Avas promoted First-Lieutenant ; returned home on furlough; again at the front served in Florida ancl Alabama; Avas commissioned Captain of Company B, but Avas never mustered in under that rank; returned on sick-leave, and while here the Avar be- tAveen the North and South was closed, let us hope forever. Capt. Jones received bis honorable discharge through the Avar department. On returning to civil life he resumed farming, in Avhich be is still en-' gaged, OAvning 120 acres of fine land. On February 26, 1857, he mar ried Miss Maria. Locy, daughter of Aretus Locy of Ncav York, then residing in this countv. Their children arc Eddie F., of Washington Territory, ancl Charlie E., deceased. Mrs. Jones died March 20, 1878. His marriage with Miss Martha J., daughter of Thomas W. Ross, tool- place April 17, I>s79. They are the parents of live children, namely : Lena, lb, Fred R., Wilna M., Ella M. and Hattie E. Mr. Jones is a Republican in politics, and, like other members of that family, a most useful citizen. William Marks, son of Daniel and Margaret (Wike) Marks, was born in Berks county, Pa,., in 1S15. His father at as a native of Ger many, his mother of America,; both old settlers of Berks, Avhere they died. William Marks AA'as educated there and worked on the barm until 1839, AA'hen he moved to Ashland county, O., where he labored on a farm for $10 per month. In December, 1848, he married Miss Re becca,, daughter of George and Catherine (Cline) Butler. In 1852 they came by Avagon road to Goshen toAvnship, and purchased eighty acres of land together Avith the timber tract, Avhere be resided until 1873, when they, retiring from active life, settled at Lafayette. Their chil dren are Elva F., Avife of Barton Redfield, of Knox county, 111.; Mary C, died, aged tAventy-two years; and John W., in infancy. Mrs. OF OOS1IEN TOWNSHIP. 557 Marks joined the Presbyterian church in Ohio long years ago, and has since been a consistent member. Mr. Marks Avas a Wing up to 1855, Avhen he joined the Republican party, of which he continues to be a staunch supporter. James 2/artin, son of William and Jane Martin, Avas born in Eng land October 22, 1833. About 1S37 his parents migrated to Canada ancl settled near Paris, where James resided until 1854, when he came to Lafayette. lie learned the carpenter's trade from his brother-in- law, E. G. Hill; subsequently attended the Northern Illinois Institute at Henry, ancl returning to Lafayette has folloAved his trade doAvn to the present time, being counted among the skilled mechanics of the county. In 1861 he married Miss Mary, daughter of Zeba Nicholls, of Sussex county, NeAV Jersey, and sister of Dr. Nicholls, of Lafay ette. They are the parents of four children: Attie B., William, Ed Avard G. and Robert J. Effie M. died May 30, 1886, aged twenty-two years. Mr. and Mrs. Martin are members of the Methodist church. He is an official of that church ; has served as trustee of the village several terms, and also as constable and collector. For years he voted with the Republican party, but since the organization of the Prohibi tion party has proA'en one of its warmest supporters. William 2Itson, born in Fayette county, Pa., 1806, moved with his parents to Ohio in 1S14 and to Illinois in' 1837, Avhere his father died in 1S39. He settled tAvo ancl one-half miles south of Lafayette, until he moved south of Toulon in later years. His Avife, Mattie Mc Will iams, died August 10, 1854. John A. 2/a,i field. ( Vide general and township history.) Oren 2Ia,efield, born in New Hampshire, moved with parents to Maine in infancy, ancl there in later years bought the southeast quarter of sec tion 30, Stark county, Avhere lie settled in 1839. ( Vide general history.) Henry 2lcClenuhun, son of Elijah and Elizabeth (Camp) McClena han, natives of Pennsylvania, Avas born in Pendleton county, Ky., in 1798. His parents moved to Kentucky at an early day, thence to Ohio. In 1831 settled in TazeAvell county, 111., and a year or so later moved into the Spoon River neighborhood, settling in Avhat is iioav Essex township. Both Avere early members of the Church of Christ, here. Elijah died in Essex, in 1851, folloAving his Avife to the grave, who died there in 1847. Of their children — John, Henry, Sarah, Anna, Elizabeth, Jane, Jemima, Maria, Elsie, James, Robert and Elijah, Avere favorably knoAvn in this county. All deceased with the exception of Anna, of Iienry, 111., ancl Elizabeth, of Salt Lake, U. T. Elijah served in the War of 1812. against the British, doing gallant service. After wards, in all his settlements in the West, his neighbors were the Indi ans Avhom he aided in subjugating. Henry McClenahan Avas married in Kentucky to Miss Sally ShaAvhan. In 1S26 they with their tAvo children moved to Rush county, Inch, and in 1834 came to Avhat is iioav Goshen toAvnship. Here he entered 240 acres, on Avhich he resided until his death, June 16, 1857. His wife died here May 19, 1880, aged seven tv-seA'en. Of their children Mary is in IoAva; Elizabeth and Elijah J. reside here; George is a citizen of IoAva, and Daniel S. is deceased. Elijah J. 2IcClenahan Avas born in Rush county, Inch, in 1827, 5.00 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES came to Illinois with his parents, ancl has a distinct recollection of the pioneer days of Goshen. He received a practical education on the farm and in the district schools, ancl resided on the old homestead until 1874, Avhen he located on his present farm of 416 acres of fine land. This tract extends into Knox county. Fie is also the OAvner of large prop erties in Iowa and Minnesota. In 1873 he married Miss Margaret, daughter of W. M. Thomas, of Knox county. They are the parents of five children: Edna D., Daniel LL, Carl D., Frank C. and Burt C. Mr. McClenahan is a member of Lodge 501, Lafayette, and in political affairs entirely independent, voting for men rather than for party. Though not seven years old Avhen he settled in Goshen township he must be considered the only living pioneer of what 'is generally called " The McClenahan Neighborhood." ( Vide general history.) James 2IcStimpson, born in Allegany county, N. Y., in 1825, is the son of Luther and Amy (Daney) McStimpson, natives of Massa chusetts, avIio moved to NeAV York state, Avhere both died. James Avas raised on the farm there until seventeen years of age, Avhen he migrated AvestAvard ancl settled for a time in this tOAvnship ; moving to St. Louis, Mo., in 1844 ; returned to Stark in 1846, ancl with the excep tion of tAA'O years in Henry county, has resided here ever since. In 1855 he purchased eighty acres of his present farm. He married Miss Sarah, daughter of Squire Parrish, as related in this chapter ancl mar riage record. This lady is an old member of the Baptist Church — it is . thought, of the old Fahrenheit Church. Politically, her husband be longs to the Greenback Labor party. Harris W. 2Iiner, deceased, Avho is said to have effected a settle ment in Essex ToAvnship so early as 1829, Avas the son of Harris Miner, a nath'e of Vermont, avIio in 1827 made a tour of inspection through this district, ancl selected land for future location in this county. In 1829 this explorer, ancl son, Harris, came here. In 1854, the father moved to Kentucky, to enter the soldiers' home there, as he served from 1812 to 1815, in the Union army against the English and Indians, and died in Kentucky in 1857. His Avife, Charlotta Reynolds, Avho is buried at Lafayette) bore him a family of Avhom Ffarris T., noAv living at La fayette ; Peter, Jesse ancl Christopher, deceased, came to Lafayette, ancl subsequently made settlements here, figuring for years among the leading citizens. Harris W. married Miss Susannah Smith, as noted in the chapter on marriage records, ancl at once entered on the earnest working life of the pioneer, Avhether living on the banks of Spoon river, in the Indian Avigwam near Toulon, in the soldier's camp of 1832, or on the Goshen farm where he made his permanent home, and accu mulated a large property. To bis second wife four children Avereborn, namely : Laura, who married George F. Dexter ; Addison, deceased ; Carlos, of Independence, Kan., and Harrison, of Goshen. Flis first wife Avas Miss Nancy Grasse, who died in 1831, to whom Horace, Avho died in 1853, Avas born. His second Avife passed away, July 16, 1881. [As all marriages prior to 1867, ancl all deaths of the people buried here, from the beginning of the county to the present time, are noted in the general and township histories, the reader is referred thereto for dates.] Harrison, the youngest child, and only male representative of OF GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 559 Harris W. Miner in the county, was born on the place where be now resides, in 1840. lie married a daughter of Ruloff Parrish, an old settler of Goshen, often referred to in this Avork. By this marriage there are five children, namely : Ida L., Edgar S., Ernest A.. Everett FL, and Carlie Roy. Mr. Miner is a thorough representative of his father ancl grandfather. No matter AA'here Ave look in the general or toAvnship history, Ave find their names, and iioaa' Ave find that of a son and grandson folloAving in the same course of usefulness, ahvays reli able, Avhether on the board of supervisors, in his home, or out on his broad acres, of Avhich he has 620. Susannah {Smith) Miner, died near Saxon, July 16, 1881. She was born in Lincoln County, Mass., in 1798, moved to Virginia in 1814, to Ohio in 1816, and to this county in 1829. At the time of her death she was the oldest resident. Robert Moore, born in Ireland in 1816, settled in Fulton County, Illinois, in early times, moved to this county in 1868 or 1869, ancl died in Goshen, October 26, 1881. He owned the farm purchased by him from Wm. Miner prior to 1870. Iienry S. Newcomer, born in Fayette County, Pa., in 1822, died in Toulon, July 19, 1883, in his sixty-second year. He settled in Goshen Township in 1864, moved to Toulon in 1877. Dr. J. II. Nichols, physician and surgeon, Avas born in NeAV Jersey, December 18, 1818. His parents Avere Zaba ancl Margaret (Smith) Nichols, natives of New Jersey. The doctor received the rudiments of an education at home, the practical part of Avhich Avas acquired on the farm. When a lad he entered commercial life in the village of Sparta, N. Y. In 1839 he moved to Connersville, Inch, came to Lafay ette, 111., in 1840 ; subsequently studied literature at Tolsbury college, next taught school at Rising Sun, W. Tenn., ancl studied medicine under Dr. Lamb, until he entered the Ohio Medical College in 1843. In the winter of 1844-5 he graduated from this institution, and in the spring of 1850 located permanently at Lafayette. In those years he was called to attend the sick ancl AA'ouncled over a large area — duties generally attended with dangers, difficulties ancl privations. The horse and saddle formed the locomothre of this olden time — a monotonous, slow means of travel, but the best means Avhich the military tract then assumed to be practicable. Notwithstanding those years of labor and hardships the doctor is still sound in mind and body, giving promise of holding his place among the pioneer physicians of Central Illinois for years to come ; though now retired from active professional Avork. He was married at Connersville, Ind., to Miss Louisa Woodcock in 1848. Their children are Luella Butler, wife of G. H Butler, of Iliff, Cob, ancl Albert II. Nichols. His Avife died in 1874, in communion Avith the Congregational church. In 1881 he was appointed an officer of inland revenue at Peoria, 111., seiwed four years, going out with the Republi can party, of which he has been a life-long member. In 1878 he married Mrs. Emily HoAvell, of Lafayette. Dr. Nichols is a charter member of the Blue Lodge at Lafayette, and took a prominent part in building up the social ancl industrial interests of that village, credited to him in this work. 560 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES James Nicholson, a native of Scotland, came to the United States in 1819, locating in St. LaAvrence county, N. Y., where he resided until 1838, Avhen he migrated to Sangamon county, 111. In 1842 he settled in this toAvnship and died here in 1 856, aged sixty -six years. His Avife died prior to the removal of the family from York state. Six of his children settled in Stark county, namely : David, Jane, Avife of James Johnson, Toulon ; James, a citizen of California, Elizabeth (deceased), Peter, in Nebraska, and William, of Company B, Thirty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Avho died in hospital at St. Louis, Mo., in 1862. David Nicholson Avas born in Scotland, in 1818, accompanied his par ents in all their travels, but preceded his father in settlement here, having located one-half mile Avest of his present home in 1841, and entered the eighty acres on Avhich his house noAV stands. In February, 1843, he married Jane, daughter of Thomas Johnson, then residing near Springfield, 111. After the ceremony he had only twenty-five. cents left to begin life on, ancl this im'estinent is now represented by 485 acres of well improved land — all the result of his own thrift and enterprise. Of the eleven children born to Mr. Nicholson ten are liA' ing, namely : Louisa, Margaret, James and Thomas, tAvins, Mary, Robert DaA'id J., Carrie, William F., Francis B., ancl Nancy (deceased). Mr. ancl Mrs. Nicholson have been members of the Congregational church at Toulon for over thirty years. Politically he is a Republican. Eric 17 Norberg, Avas born in Wasbo county, in the District of Wester- gotland, Sweden, June 22, 1813. There his father died in March, the folloAvmg year, and Avith his mother, Eric Avorked on the farm and attended school. Subsequently he clerked in a factory for one year, then Avas appointed an officer of the government in one of the counties, Avhich position he filled up to May, 1342, AA'hen he emigrated to Amer ica. On his immigration he settled near Milwaukee, Wis. In 1S44 he moved to Ludington, Mich., where he was the first settler. In 1848 he joined the Bishop Flill colony, ancl in 1863 settled in Goshen tOAvn- ship. He Avas married at Bishop Hill to Miss Britta Johnson in 1848. Of their three children, tAvo are living: Caroline, Avife of John A. Jones, and Gustavus, an attorney of Holdrege, Neb. Mr. Norberg is, in religious life, a SAvedenborgian ; in politics he is very liberal, ahvays voting for men rather than for party. 2Iich,ael Nowlan, one of the old settlers of Stark county, Avas born in CaiioAV county, Ireland, in 1800; emigrated to NeAvfoundland in youth, and there, for several years, Avas engaged in the fisheries. Mr. NoAvlan Avas married in NeAvfoundland. Moving into the United States the family made a home at Boston for some time, ancl next set tled at Worcester, Mass., the father being engaged in the construction of America's first railroad. In 1840 he sought the Avestern prairies as a home for his la,rge family, and came to this county via. the Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi and Illinois rivers — the trip, even forty- seven years ago, being a long ancl weary one. He settled on the Avest half, south Avest quarter, section 22, Goshen, Avalking to Rock Island en route to Galena, to make the entry. Subsequently he entered the north half, northeast quarter, section 28, but made his home on the homestead of 1840, where his AvidoAv still resides. His sons, Patrick, OF GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 56l of Hastings, Nebraska ; James, of Toulon ; William, of Goshen ; and John, deceased, came Avith the family in 1840. There Avere born here — Edward, of Goshen; David, of Ilavelock, la.; Michael, deceased; Mary, a sister of the order of the Holy Cross, Baltimore, Md.; Iienry, of Goshen; George, cashier of the Exchange Bank, Toulon, and Joseph, who for some years Avorked ou the Neivs, iioav in Peoria ; David serA'ed in Company B, Thirty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, subsequently transferred to Davidson's Battery, retransferred to Thirty-seventh and mustered out after three years' sendee. The father of this large and popular family died March 5, 1881. William Nowlan, son of Michael NoAvlan, an old settler of this county, Avhose history is given aboA'e, Avas born at Worcester, Mass., August 4, 1837. He came to Illinois Avith his father Avhen three years old, attended the common schools here, entered the University of Notre Dame at South Bend, Inch, and returning, took all those parts in building up the school system ancl teaching, credited to him in the chapter on schools, ancl the school history of Wyoming, Toulon and Lafayette. In 1862 his marriage with Miss Ellen B. Lynch, of Peoria county, 111., was solemnized. To them Francis E. ancl John Avereborn — the latter deceased. He was elected surveyor of Stark county in 1860, as shoAvn in the political history, ancl filled all these positions credited to him in the history of Goshen toAvnship. He owns 160 acres of land southeast of Lafayette, which is fully improved. His home is ahvays open to temperance, intelligence, and their great associate, virtue. No- Avhere can genuine hospitality display itself in a higher degree than in his family circle. Philanda {Risdon) Pomeroy, born in Franklin county, Vt., in 1814; died at Lafayette, March 19, 1884. She settled in Illinois in 1847. Elijah Pomeroy, avIio died at the close of the war, settled here about 1840. One of his sons resides at West Jersey ancl the other in Kansas, as noted in other pages. Iienry Presler, born in Fairfield county, Ohio, in 1823, Avas edu cated partly in the district schools and partly at Lancaster, Ohio. In 1854 he came to Stark county, settled in Goshen toAvnship, and for over thirty-tAVO years has called this his home. Prior to coming west he married Miss Angelina Murphy, of Indiana, avIio died prior to 1855. For second wife he married Mrs. Sarah Ann, AvidoAV of Gideon B. Gillette, an old settler of Goshen, Avho died here at an early date. She is a daughter of Flenry Dixon, of NeAv lrork, and came Avest Avith her first husband about, 1842. Her children were— Sheda, Abigail, Cynthia and Mary. By her second marriage two children were born —Cora ancl Frank, both deceased. For many years Mr. Presler has been prominently identified Avith the Christian church, and, indeed, with all religious work in his district. His wife is also a member. Up to 1844 he Avas an ardent supporter of republican doctrines, but in that campaign he embraced the cause of the prohibition party, and be came one of its most devout advocates. Samuel Parrish, founder of the Parrish family in this county, Avas an Eastern man, a soldier of the Revolution, who settled in Canada and came from Canada to Illinois in 1837, locating on lands which he 562 BIOGRAPHY' AND REMINISCENCES entered in Goshen township. One year later he, his wife, one son and three daughters embraced the Mormon faith, moved to Nauvoo, Avhere the parents resided until their death, Avhile their children followed the fortunes of that church to Salt Lake, Avhere, today, one of their sons — Joel Parrish — is a celebrated Mormon preacher. Of his ekwen children, AA'ho accompanied him from Canada to Stark county, Lydia is Avife of Jacob Emery of Galva, and Sulfina is the Avidow of Edward Mott, also a Mormon (who built the old court-house), are living. Ruloff Parrish, aged seventy-eight years, died in 1882. 'Squire Parrish, son of Samuel Parrish, and his Avife, Sophia, Alt- house, came from Canada with their family to Goshen township in 1 S37, making their Avagon a sleeping-room, ancl eighty acres their liv ing-room for tAvo weeks, until their basswood log house Avas completed — the pioneers aiding in its building. . The logs were first gathered, then split in halves, the bark peeled off and used for roofing; but, to keep this " species" of roof in place, poles had to be laid over it. It is related that Avhile 'Squire Parrish was "To mill at Utica," his wife, tAvo children ancl a visitor kept house during that Avinter of 1S37-8. One night a storm came on, the efforts of the AA'ife and visitor to keep the roof on failed. The snow began to pour in, so that some other plan had to be adopted. This Avas simply to take cIoavii the children's trundle-bed, and, Avith the ropes belonging to it, tie doAvn the rebellious bark. The plan Avas adopted, the end of the rope tied to the stove and the family slept out the storm Avithout further interruption. On the return of the father the roof Avas thoroughly repaired. Some time later Mr. Parrish. added another eighty acres to his first purchase, and resided in Goshen until 1850, when he moved to Toulon, Avhere he died in 1877. Mrs. Sophia Parrish is still a resident of the county sea:. Their children Avere : Bethuel, of Goshen ; Sarah, Avife of James McStimpson ; Hiram, of Union county, Ia. ; Happy, Avife of George Dugan, of Taylor county, Ia. ; Cynthia, Avife of George Maxfield, of Nebraska ; Lucy Cooley, deceased; Sophia, wife of D. Maxfield, of Nebraska; Ruloff, residing with his mother, and one son named Peter, deceased, who was a blacksmith at Toulon. 'Squire Parrish AA'as not a member of any church, though raised a Quaker. His Avife has been a Methodist for years. Bethuel Parrish, eldest son of 'Squire Parrish, AA'as born in Canada, September 15, 1832. He was educated in this county, receiving a lib eral education in the high schools of Toulon ancl Galva. lor tAvo years after coming of age he worked on his father's farm. He married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of John Strayer, born in 1839 and married in 1856, as told in the marriage record. To them one son Avas born, Feb ruary 16, 1857 — William FL, noAv a farmer of this toAvnship. Since this time Mr. Parrish has been engaged in agriculture and stock groAv- ing. He first purchased eighty acres of the homestead farm on section 11, three years later be acquired the other eighty acres. To this he has since added 240 acres, or the "BoAven Farm;" also 80 on section 10, Avhich Samuel Parrish entered; also 80 acres on section 11, pur chased from Samuel Burge; again he purchased 200 acres from A. N. Harris, on sections 9 ancl 10 — aggregating 760 acres fully improved. OF GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 563 After the death of his Avife, and on February 4, 1861, he married Miss Celestia (born June 24, 1842), daughter of Elijah ancl Lydia Ferris, both natives of Canada. To them ten children Avere born : Lillie M., born December 14, 1862, died in 1877, and. George F., born October 7, 1864, deceased in 1883 ; Bertha A., born September 28, 1866 ; Flerman A., born August 22, 186S ; Blanche S., born August 11, 1873 ; Lizzie E. and Lucy M. (tAvins), born September 18, 1877; Sarah P., born NoA'ember 8, 1880; Jessie L. and Bessie L. (tAvins), born October 1(1, 1883. Mr. Parrish is not a politician, although Avhen a boy he remembers the voters taking a "jug" of Avhisky with them to the polls; be also remembers the corn mortar and mill, and fully appreciates the improve ments in voting ancl milling. In school matters he is earnest, ancl has for eighteen years been a, director ; in agriculture he ranks among the first farmers in the state, and as a citizen among the most useful and excellent. ( Vide history of Joel and Ruloff Parrish.) Joel Parrish, referred to in the sketch of David W. BroAvn, came to this county in 1838 Avith his Avife and children. In 1843, he and his Avife died in IoAva, and Avere buried in the cemetery at Montrose. Susannah, Avife of Ruloff Parrish, resides on the old homestead. Lydia Parrish married Asa Driscoll, and secondly Jacob Emery ; Aurelia, AvidoAv of John Sturm, married Isaac Stewart ; Sylvania also married a second time, her husband being Edward Mott ; Electa married Lyman Mott ; Zerinah also married ; Olive, Avife of Mr. BroAvn, and Lucy mar ried one Haskins. Those, Avith Samuel, 'Squire, Ruloff ancl Jason con stituted the family. Ruloff Parrish Avas born in Canada in 1804. In 1827 he married Miss Susannah Morris, in NeAV York state, and en tered a, half section in Goshen township, Avhere his AvidoAv noAv resides, erecting a small board shanty until a better house could be completed. Here he lived until his decease, March 12, 1882. Of his family, Avis is Avife of Harrison Miner; Eurania and Phoebe both married and raised families, but are noAv dead. Ruloff Parrish Avas one of the most es teemed citizens of the county and one of Stark's Avealthiest farmers. J. II Quinn, to Avhom so many references are made in the general and toAvnship history, was born in Preble county, Ohio, in 1826. When about ten years old his father died, and soon after he Avent to live with a neighbor farmer, Avith whom he lived until eighteen years of age, Avhen he learned the shoemaker's trade and Avorked at that trade lor some years. In the year 1849 he, in company with another young man, opened a boot, shoe, hat and cap store in his native toAvn of Eaton, Ohio. In July, 1851, he married Miss Mary, daughter of Jacob Fall, of Preble county, Ohio, to whom seven children Avere born, of Avhom six are living, namely : Ann Eliza, Ida Belle, William D., Frank F., Horace G. ancl James A. In the year 1858 he sold his in terest in the store ancl took a trip to the then far west ancl bought 240 acres of unimproved prairie land in Goshen toAvnship. On his re turn home he engaged as a salesman in a mercantile house, in Avhich position he remained until the beginning of the year 1855, Avhen he ao-ain went Avest, driving through with a team, during which year he built a house on his previously bought land, ancl in March, 1856, he moved his family from Eaton, Ohio, into it, where he still resides. 564 ¦ BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Mr. Quinn has taken all the parts attributed to him as member of the County Board, of the Agricultural Society, of the ToAvnship Board, of the I. O. O. F. at Toulon, of the Christian church at Lafayette, and of other local organizations. His farm of 480 acres is considered one of the most productive and best improved in this section of Illinois. His Durham or shorthorn herd of forty cattle, his Poland China hogs, and large herds of other graded stock have, for some years, been cele brated throughout the country. The beginnings of the Quinn family date back to Ireland. Robert Quinn, a native of Maryland, married Elizabeth Lacev. and they were the parents of James Quinn, Avho settled with them in Preble county, Ohio, in 1805, and there married Sarah, daughter of John and Ann Glines, of Massachusetts, early settlers of Ohio, Avho were the parents of J. H. Quinn. 2/rs. Reed, AA'idow of W. B. Reed, came from Connecticut in 1840, to Goshen, and died here April 12, 1877, in her eighty-second year. Win. A. Reed, or " Boss Reed," born in New London county, Conn., in 1815, came to Goshen toAvnship in 1840 and resided in this and Knox county up to February 16, 1882, Avhen he died. Isaac 0. Reed, born in Litchfield county, Conn., in 1822, came ivith his parents, William A. and Amy Reed, to Lafayette in 1S40, Avas married there to Miss Luna A., daughter of Elijah Pomeroy, and moved to Missouri with his family in May, 1871. Ernest A. ancl FI. L., sons of this pioneer, are regular visitors to this county. Hugh Rhodes. { Vi tie following sketch.) John Flaville Rhodes, son of Hugh and Julia (Kingsly) Rhodes, Avas born in Knox county, 111., April 11, 1841. His father was born near Sacket's Harbor, N. Y., ancl his mother a native of Massachusetts. In their early married life they moved from Pennsylvania to Trumbull county, Ohio, returned to Pennsyh'ania, and in 1839 moved to Knox county, 111., locating near where the village of Hermon hoav stands, In 1844 he sold his improved farm in Knox county and opened one in Goshen tOAvnship, this county, Avhich he sold in 1854, then moved nearer Toulon, and improved another farm. Here, December 3, 1861, his Avife Julia died, and November 26, 1864, he married Mrs. Hannah Beatty, Avho still survives him. Fie died July 14, 1882. This old set tler Avas county judge for eight years, toAvnship supervisor, etc., and among the earliest and best supporters of the Congregational church at Toulon, as related in the history of that church. His remains lie in the private cemetery on the first farm he improved in Goshen town ship, Avhere his first Avife, his parents, Jonathan ancl Hannah Rhodes, and his son, Franklin, are interred. The family of Hugh Rhodes con sisted of eight children, namely : Sophronia E., noAv Mrs. Caleb Lyon, of Toulon ; Charles, a retired farmer residing at Toulon ; Harriet, Avife of Daniel Bryan, of Guthrie county, Iowa ; Achsa, Avjfe of Joseph Curtiss, of same county ; John F., of Goshen township ; Henry F., a farmer of SedgAvick county, Kan.; LeAvis, of same county, and Frank lin, Avho died, leaving a Avidow, Catherine (Wood) Rhodes ancl four children. John F. Rhodes spent his earlier years on the farm and in attendance at school. On the breaking out of the Rebellion ancl after the death of his mother in 1861, he enlisted in Company F, One- OF GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 565 hundred-and-tAvelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantrv. At Resaca he AA'as Avounded in both arms, recovered at the Marine Hospital, Chicago, and received honorable discharge in 1864. On arriving home he aAvaited the total recovery of his right arm, and in 1866 resumed the active life of the agriculturalist ancl stock-groAver. In 1870 he em barked in the harchvare and agricultural implement trade at Toulon, Avhich he carried on successfully for fifteen years, returning to the farm in 1884. lie married Miss Clarissa Robinson, a native of Ohio, to Avhom Avere born Thadius Ii., Ruby G. ancl Bayard C. Rhodes. Both Mrs. ancl Mr. Rhodes are members of the Congregational church, the latter being superintendent of Sabbath School the last seven years; He served as supervisor of Goshen tOAvnship two terms, served as county coroner six years, is an old member of W. W Wright Post, G. A. R., and of the County Agricultural Society. ( Vide also History of Goshen, Toulon and County) T W. Ross, son of James S. and Martha A. (Watson) Ross, Avas born in Philadelphia, Pa. in 1827. His parents were natives of NeAV Jersey, noAv both deceased. Mr. Ross passed his early years in New Jersey or attending school at Reading, Pa. In 1842 he moA'ed to Bel mont county, Ohio, and in the village of Pleasant Grove, learned his trade of blacksmith. In 1848 he moved to Peoria city, but soon after located at Lafayette, Avhere he carried on his business of blacksmithing until 1857, Avhen he engaged in mercantile Avork. In 1860 he resumed his trade. lie was appointed postmaster at Lafayette in 1852, during the Pierce administration, serving until 1860 when he resigned. He was the first clerk of Goshen township in 1853, one of the village trus tees and A'illage treasurer. Of all the men avIio Avere in the village Avhen Mr. Ross came, there are only three noAv living in the town, ancl of the Avomen, only the feAv named in the history of the village as sur vivors of pioneer times. Mr. Ross was married in 1849 to Miss Mar garet J. Armstrong. They are the parents of six children, namely : Martha J., Ella E., Wm. W., Emma E., James A., and Thomas S. Mrs. Ross died in 1860. In 1866 he married Miss Happalonia C. Wilber, Avho is also the mother of six children : Edna M., Edith A., Fred., Max. W., Rena L., ancl Chas. F. A reference to the history of masonry in Lafayette, to the municipal history, ancl to the political chapter of the general history, as Avell as to other pages of this volume, will be necessary to learn the varied and unostentatious parts taken by this old settler in the social and industrial progress of the county. Jacob Ross died at Clifton, Kan., May 22, 1882. He was born in NeAV Jersey in 1804, moved to Ohio, thence to Peoria county, 111., in 1836. and in 1850 to Lafayette. In April, 1872, he moved to Kan sas. A daughter of T. W. Ross, of Lafayette, Avas accidentally shot in the breast by a careless boy Avho Avas playing Avith a revolver. Lucretia' ( Beasley) Rus'ton, born in Pensacola, Fla., in 1 821, mar ried Iiomer Himes, a native of Goshen toAvnship, in October, 1851, and in 1854 married Chas. Ruston Avho died in 1876. She died February 27, 1886. Minott Silliman Avas born in DelaAvare county, N. Y., September 24, 1810. His parents, Gershom, born May 24, 1783, and Polly 566 BIOGRAPHY and Reminiscences. (Coleman) Silliman, born August 16, 1787, were natives • of Connecti cut. Minott Silliman's father served in the War of 1812 to its close. He settled in Ohio in 1815, and continued to reside there until Sep tember 1, 1828, AA'hen he moved to Peoria county with his family. There he died December 2, 1856. His wife, Polly, died December 24, 1864. Gershom Avas one of the pioneer Baptists of Peoria county, and the same Elder Silliman who assisted or accompanied Essex to his first location in this county. Minott moved to Toulon iii 1834, and settled there until 1836, AA'hen he opened a farm, afterwards known as the Culbertson farm. In 1837 he moved to Goshen township and opened the lands which he entered in 1835-6, building a cabin near the creek on section 24, moved to section 23, in 1840. In August, 1839 he was elected the first treasurer of the county and served until 1854. In 1850 he Avas elected coroner. He served as justice of the peace for some years. In 1870 he Avas United States Marshal 'for census. Mr. Silliman voted the Democratic ticket up to 1856, Avhen he'votecl for the Republican candidates. He has been a Republican since that time. In 1861 he ancl Oliver Whitaker were chosen to take charge of the sustenance fund until the Toulon company was mustered m AA'ith the One-hundred-and-twelfth. His son Levi entered the One- hundred-and-twelfth Regiment, where he Avas Avounded, but served out his term. Mr. Silliman Avas married in Essex township in 1833 to Miss Rhoda, daughter of Benj. Smith, one of the first settlers. This lady died May 9, 1841. He married Miss Henrietta Bethen for second , Avife, avIio died November 6, 1846. He married his present wife, Latitia Oziah, daughter of Anthony Oziah ancl Anne (Layne) Oziah, November 4, 1847. His children noAv living are Clarissa, now Mrs. Wilcox of Blair, Neb.; Levi, born September 17, 1842, now a resident of Toulon ; Sarah, residing at home, and Mary, born March 22, 1853, noAv Mrs. A. F. Stickney, of Toulon. He owns 110 acres of his entry in 1836, and thirty of his entry of 1835. His present residence Avas erected in 1864-5. C. F. Spillman, born January 31, 1800, in Campbell county, Ky., moA'ed to Indiana Avith his mother in his youth, married Catherine McCance in 1829, and in 1855 came Avith his family to Stark county. In 1864 this lady died, when he ancl the children moved to Franklin county, 111. William Snyder, deceased, born in Berkeley county, Va., in 1802, settled in this township in 1840. In his youth he crossed the mount ains to Greene county, Pa., Avhere he resided ten years ; thence to Richland county, O , in 1829, ancl next to this county in 1840, Avhere he rented land and resided until his removal to Knox county, Avhere he died in 1881 in his eightieth year. He was married in Pennsylvania to Miss Mary, a daughter of David Weiss, in 1821. They Avere the parents of ten children, namely : Lucinda, John, Alfred M., Sarah J., Elizabeth (deceased), Mary, Delila, Minerva, Maria and David. Mrs. Snyder Avas born at Greensburg, Pa., in 1802, and her four eldest children were born in that state. This lady, now over eighty years, is mentally and physically Avell preserved, and ranks among the oldest Methodist members in the county. OF GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 567 Alfred M. Snyder, son of William and Mary Snyder, Avas born in Greene county, Pa., in 1827. He came to Stark county with his parents, ancl, Avith the exception of the years from 1853 to 1857 spent in California, has been a permanent resident of the county since 1840. In 1859 he purchased 160 acres where he lived twenty -five years; then moved to section seventeen, where he improved a farm of 150 acres, Avhere he iioav resides. On March 10, 1858, he married Miss Mary E. Hayes, born here in 1840, a daughter of Harry Hayes, a settler of 1837. They are the parents of fh'e children: Bradford II., Charles A., Herbert E., Harry A. ancl George A. In his time he has experienced all the A'icissitudes of pioneer life in Central Illinois, and of the Argo nauts of 1853-7. Mr. Snyder is a member of the Blue Lodge of Lafay ette, ancl he ancl AA'ife belong to the Universalist church there. A. B. II. Snyder settled at Lafayette in the spring of 1855, Avas born in New York, Ulster countv, in the year 1826, April 7, ancl is a son of John A. and Jane (Bevier) Snyder, natives of the same state, AA'ho came to Goshen township in the year 1855. Mr. Snyder, Sr., re sided in Lafayette fourteen years, returned to NeAV York, where he died in 1882, aged sixty-eight years. Mrs. Snyder died in Lafayette in 1856 aged sixty-two years. Three children came with their parents, viz.: Bevier, Jane, wife of J. Tyrel, ancl A. B. H. The elder Snyders Avere members of the Congregational church. Our subject, alone, of the family, resides in Stark county, others in Texas. Mr. Snyder engaged in stock buying from 1855 to '75, a period of twenty years, and dealt very extensively, traveling over a vast area of country. In 1875, purchased 100 acres Avhere he noAv resides, on which he settled, and has since re sided, ancl makes an occasional shipment. He Avas elected assessor of Goshen township in 1870, and has consecutively assessed the property of the township since the year 1881. Collected the tax of the town ship in 1862, is a member of the order of A. F. ancl A. M., Stark Lodge No. 502, AA'as made a Mason twenty years ago. He Avas married in 1850 to Cecilia M., daughter of Alexander Black, of Sullivan county, N. Y., avIio has borne him three children, two living: McGuire ancl Levally, Charles, deceased. Votes the Republican ticket upon all questions at issue. -/. F. Thomson, son of William ancl Sarah A. (Ganson) Thomson,- AA-as born in Fairfield toAvnship, Franklin county, Vt., June 24, 1831. His father was a native of Edin'bnrg, Scotland, and was educated there. J. F. Thomson obtained a good common school education in Ver mont, traveled Avest in 1841, ancl resided m Kane county. 111., until September. 1847, Avhen he moved to Lafayette. In 1853 he joined the California stampede, returnecHX the Isthmus, in 1855-6, ancl folloAved the carpenter's trade at Lafayette until his enlistment in the One-hun dred-and-fifty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry, in AA'hich command he Avas a non-commissioned officer of Company 1. In 1859 he married Miss Margaret A., daughter of Alexander Todd, of this county. Of their seven children, six are living, namely : Cora A., Ethel, aged six years ; John C, Susan E., Mary Edna, Kate and Maud. In 1868 Mr Thomson was elected justice of the peace, ancl has served continu ously since that time. In 1874 he was commissioned notary public 568 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES and in 1885 elected collector of the township. After the war he established his grocery business at Lafayette, Avhich he noAv carries on. V. Todd, of California, formerly resided at Lafavette. Mrs. 7ibbie Ann (Jackson) Todd, avIio died at Lafayette, March 16, 1885, AYas born in Orange county, N. I"., March 12, 1809. Shemarried Geo. W. Dudley, in Ohio, moved to Illinois in 1809 or 1840, where her husband died. She married 0. W. Todd, April4, 1847. Smith Tuttle, a native of Orange county, N. Y., moved to Pennsyl vania, on attaining his majority, and there married Miss Rebecca Wort. Before leaving for OhiotAvo of their children, William and Mary, Avere burned to death. The family moved to Stark county, from Ohio, in 1846, resided in Osceola township that year and the next moved to Elmira, toAvnship. Both old settlers are buried in Appanoose county, IoAva. Of their nine children tAvo died, as related above. Sarah, Smith, Ira, Israel and Thomas are also dead. Rosalie resides in Davis county, la., Avhile John W. is the only representative of the family here. lie Avas born in Luzerne county, Pa., in 1833, came to Illinois with his par ents, and here, in 1857, married Miss Maria J., daughter of Samuel and Rebecca (Bonsall) Fleming. In 1852 he joined the Argonauts in the California stampede, crossed the plains in seven months ancl returned in 1856 Avith a pack-train. Since that time he has made Stark county his home, residing on his present place since 1883. Mr. ancl Mrs. Tut tle are the parents of tAvelve children and tAvo numbered among the dead, namely: Mary ancl Emma. The others a,re Charles, Marion, Anna, Aba, Alice, Rebecca, Echvin, Harry, Lotta, Willie, Samuel and Maude L. Mr. Tuttle is a member of the Masonic society, ancl polit ically a, Republican. Peter II. Wade, who located in Goshen in 1853, a mile east of the present home, resided there for three years Avhen he moved to Henry county ancl made his home there until 1869, when, returning, he made the beginning of the present farm of 250 acres, all highly improved. Mr. Wade Avith his parents, William and Margaret, settled in Edgar county in 1837, Avhere his mother died, and eventually in Knox county, Avhere his father died. Mr. Wade Avas born in Prince EdAvard county, Va., January 1, 1825. His marriage, Avith Miss Sarah Shively, Avas cel ebrated in 1852. Mrs. Wade Avas born in Muskingum county, Ohio, August 31, 1832. Her parents, William and Mary Shively, Avere born in Loudoun county, Va., and since their marriage nine children Avere born, namely: Mary Emily Wade, born February 19, 1855, in Stark county, III.;' Frances Marion Wade, born May 16, 1857; Alice May Wade, born June 8, I860 ; Sarah Belle Wade," born October 2, 1862 ; Willie Lincoln Wade, born February 26, 1865; Clara Wade, born Sep tember 26, 1868, died April 2, 1881. The live last named Avere born in Henry county. Hattie Evena Wade, born May 10, 1870; Lillie Viola Wade, born September 22, 1874; infant son, born and died November 2, 1854, the three last named being-born in Stark county. dnh/i White, the founder of this family in Stark county, ancl his Avife, Amelia (Metcalf) Manning, were natives of Massachusetts. In 1833 they moA'ed to Cuyahoga county, Ohio, ancl 1836 to Goshen town ship, this county, making their first home in Illinois on the very ground OF GOSHEN TOWNSHIP. 569 Avhere the WidoAv Mary J. White noAv resides, purchasing 160 acres of congressional land at tlie prices Avhich then ruled. In religious affairs Mr. White was a Universalist, AA'hile his Avife ahvays Avas identified Avith Methodism. Of their children, Samuel M.; Mary, Avife of G. II. Redfield ; Sarah, Avife of T. D. Church, ancl John A. are residents of this county. The father died October 29, 1852, in his fifty-fourth year, and the mother September 27, 1868, in her sixty-fourth year. John A. White, the second child of John aboA'e named, Avas born in Cuyahoga county, O., October 10, 1801, came to Stark county with his parents; receh'ed a good common school education here; married April 26, 1854, Miss Mary J. Anderson ; took up his residence in the old home stead ancl resided there until his death. May 8, 1886. For over thirty years his energy and industry Avon success for all his enterprises, and integrity marked all his dealings. For a number of years he Avas trus tee of the township schools, one of the leading supporters of the Uni versalist Church, a staunch member of the Republican party, and active in all those affairs Avith Avhich his name is connected in the local ancl general history of the county. In 1855 he commenced buying stock, a business he continued uninterruptedly until his death. In addition to this he established a heavy grain trade at Lafayette, Avhich he carried on for many years. Of his thirteen children tAvelve are liA' ing, namely : John li. or Hanson, Sarah E., Minnie E., Mary V., Anna A., Charles F., Luna J., George A., Phoebe P., Asa G., Lucy B., Frank L., Harriet E. died at the age of tAventy-tAvo months. Mr. White Avas a practical temperance Avorker ancl aimed to reform by example rather than by force. His Avide acquaintance and the equally Avide esteem in Avhich he Avas held tended much to make his influence felt in social, political ancl business matters, so that today not a, feAA' remember him as the one to whom they looked for example, and folio Aving this exam ple prospered. John II. White, eldest son of John A. White, Ava,s born in Goshen toAvnship, July 9, 1855. He Avas married November 19, 1879, to Miss Delia E., daughter of S. M. Jones. They are the parents of t\vo chil dren, Bessie M. ancl Lloyd. Mr. White OAvns a farm of eighty acres, but cultiA'ates about tAvo hundred acres. He is a member of Stark Masonic Lodge, No. 5ol, and politically a Republican. Samuel 21. White AA'as born at Providence, It. I., August 0, i829, moved Avith his parents to Ohio in infancy, ancl in 1836 came Avith them to Goshen toAvnship. He Avas educated at the mute asylum, Jacksonville, 111. In 1853 he married Miss Elizabeth A. Easton, of Pe oria county, 111., and settled permanently on the farm Avhere he noAv resides. Seven children Avere born to them, of Avhom fh-e are living. The names are: Abel H, Sarah M., Avife of John Hilliard, Stephen E., Willie R., Mabel V.,. Phoebe J. and Samuel A. Mr. White's farm con sists of one hundred ancl fifty-three acres of improved land, all under cultivation. - Both he ancl Mrs. White have been members of the Con gregational church for many years. Politically Mr. White is Republi can, the principles of that party being made a, study by him. Simeon Williams, a native of Pennsylvania, who settled in Goshen township in 1855, died in August, 1881. 570 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. Rev. John Lester Williams, born in Washington county, Pa., in 1808, died at Lafayette December 16, 1881. In 1833 he became a preacher of the Methodist Episcopal church ; in 1849 went on the Wis consin mission ; in 1865 Avas superannuated, and about this time settled at Lafayette. John Williams, located 'in Lafayette in 1864, ancl established him self in the business in which he is now engaged. He carries a full stock in ready made goods, and does custom work. In 1886 he erected a neAV store building. He Avas born in Scotland (GlasgOAv) in the year 1831. Came to America in 1848, settling in Auburn, N. Y.; folloAved his trade there eighteen months. Thence removed to Ovid, N. Y., Avhere he plied his trade tAvelve years. Married here Mary Hanlon subsequently he moved to Ohio, liA'ing there a short time, and then continued his journey to Lafayette, Avhere he has since resided and prospered. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, Avith Avhich they have been connected tAventy-one years. He is one of the present trustees, and has been steward ancl class teacher, al- AVays taking an active part in all church work. Is a member of the I. O. 0. F., of the Lafayette Lodge. He is the father of eleven chil dren, nine living, viz.: Jennie, Mary, Katie (deceased), and George, minors; Maggie, Ella, Lena, Johnny, Ed., Guy; Lizzie, deceased. Votes the Prohibition ticket, ancl is a Avarm advocate of its principles. Captain William. Wilberforce Wright, son of Royal and Diantha (Martin) Wright, Avas born at Hanover, N. H, April 3, 1820. His father Avas a native of Iianover, born November 12, 1778. The fam ily dates back to 1639, Avhen Deacon Samuel Wright first settled at Springfield, Mass. lie returned to Northampton, Mass., in 1655, ancl died there October 17, 1665. He Avas the father of James, of Northampton, ancl he is the father of Samuel, avIio married Rebecca Sikes, and be the father of Samuel, Avho married Hannah Loomis, and he the father of Nathaniel, avIio married Irene Sprague, of Plymouth, Mass.; died November 26, 1796 ; he the father of Nathaniel, avIio mar ried Jemima Bartlett, and for second Avife, Mary Page; died July 27, 1828. His first wife died in 1784, his second in°1813, ancl he the father of Royal, born of Jemima Bartlett, November 12, 1778, died at Can ton, III., January 3, 1864. His son, William W., died June 24, 1864, at Nashville, Tenn., from wounds received at Resaca, Ga. He enlisted in One-hundred-and-tAvelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and was elected Captain of Company F. He married Miss Anne M., daughter of John Creighton, then of" Canton, 111., a native of Ireland, September 1, 1840. This lad\- is residing at Chicago with her three youngest children, namely :' Sophia L., born July 17, 1856 ; Eliza M., November 17, 1858, and John E., October 14, 1860, the latter noAv on the local staff of the Daily News. The elder children are Nathaniel W., born June 9, 1841; William W., September 10, 1842; Curtis, March 6, 1844; Amelia A (iioav Mrs. R. Ii. McKeighan, of Toulon Township), September 2, 1845 ; R. Creighton, February 15, 1852. Tavo children died here in infancy. About 1 838 Mr. Creighton ancl family came from Cavan County, 'Ireland, to Chillicothe, Ohio, ancl the following year took his place among the early settlers of Canton, Fulton County, OSCEOLA TOWNSHIP. 571 111. Mr. Wright came with his parents to Canton, 111., in 1832, and resided there until 1851, when the family moved to Goshen Township, and settled on the farm AA'hich he purchased, being the northeast quar ter, section 13. This property is still in the family, ancl rented to Jack son Anderson ancl William Marshall, both Scotchmen. At the time of his enlistment he Avas deacon, trustee ancl Sunday-school superintend ent of the Congregational church at Toulon. For years he was sta tion agent on the underground railroad near Canton, ancl one of the trustiest conductors on the road ; the locomotive — a roan pony, Avas called " Old Mog," afterwards OAvned by OAven Lovejoy. Gad. L. Yale, born in Connecticut in 1810, settled at Lafayette in 1840. He lost his first Avife prior to settlement here, but in 1839, mar ried Mary M. Wilsey, of Henry county. In 1865 he received a sun stroke, and in 1877 Avas stricken Avith palsy, from which he suffered up to his death in April 1882. CHAPTER XX. 080 KOLA TOWNSHIP. HIS township, like the village of the same name in Elmira Township, OAves its name to the fact that, during the Semi nole Avar, a number of persons settled in the neighborhood, who admired the desperate valor of the half-breed chief of that tribe. This Avar began in 1835 and lasted seven years, though the last four years of the struggle did not reflect as much credit on the Indians as the first three, Avhen they Avere led by the brilliant Osceola. His father was Willis PoAvell, ancl his mother a Creek Indian woman. Osceola Avas born in Georgia, but his mother removed to. Florida, Avhere he became the leader of the Seminoles. He opposed their removal, ancl led them in many desperate encounters, until he was captured and imprisoned at Fort Moultrie, Avhere he died in 1838, a year prior to the organization of this county, ancl only a feAv years after the first settlement was made in this township. The population of the township in 1880, was 1,519, including 506 credited to Bradford, ancl 104 to Lombardville. The fact that, during the year 1886, 300 acres of Avheat produced 9,000 bushels, oats aver aged 55 bushels, some acres yielding 100 bushels, and corn averaged about 28 bushels, is the best index to its agricultural wealth. Throughout the township there is a heavy coal deposit, banks ancl shafts Avhich have been Avorked for a number of years. In 1861 John McLoughlin worked the Foster coal bank, two and a half miles Avest of Bradford, and sold in the neighborhood at that time. Here his brother, Levi McLoughlin, was accidentally killed. The Aitkins and 34 572 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. other mines in the neighborhood of Spoon river, and the Lombardville shafts are the principal centers of the coal supply here. In 1862 a gas well was tapped on A. J. Nevitt's iarm, four miles east of Bradford. In 1883, in the same neighborhood, gas ancl oil AA'ells Avere tapped. Gas was found in Milo township and a company Avas organized in Mar shall county to work the Avells, but did not find oil or gas in paying quantities. The original entries of lands in toAvnship 14 north, range 7 east, and names of present owners, are as folio avs : Richard Lloyd, n. e. fr. qr., sec. 1; May 12, 1852. -L. D. "Whiting, 118. Richard Lloyd, e. hf. and w. hf. a. w. fr. qr., sec. 1. May 12, 1852. L. D. "Whit ing, 108. John "Wingneld, s. w. qr., sec. 1; Nov. 11, 1817. M. Cahill, 118; J. O'Brien, 32. Daniel Prestman, s. e. qr., sec. 1; Nov. 11, 1817. M. Oahill, 160. Thomas S. Cook, e. and w. hf. n. av. fr. qr. and n. e. fr. qr., sec. 2; April 18, 1851. T. Mellor, 90; W. M. Pilgrim, 29, n. e. qr. ; W. M. Pilgrim, 44; C. F. Ware, 74, n. w. qr. John Cochran, s. w. qr.; sec. 2; Oct. 6, 1817. Mrs. Latimer, 32X C. F. "Ware, 1273^, s. w. qr. Richard Marshall, s. e. qr. sec. 2; Oct. 6, 1817. C. and Mrs. Latimer, 137X F. Davies, 8, s. e. Thomas S. Cook, e. h. n. e. qr. , sec. 3; April 18, 1851. Chas. F. "Ware, e. hf. n. e. qr. Joseph Wilson, n. w. qr. and w. hf . n. e. qr., sec. 3; March 12, 1850. Geo. Sted ham, w. hf. n. e. qr.; F. P. Kapp, n. w. 119. Levi Spaulding, s. w. qr., sec. 3; Jan. 23, 1818. Charles Stewart, 160. John Spencer, s. e. qr. sec. 3; Jan. 23, 1818. Charles Stewart, 160. Amy Voorhees, lot 1, n. e. qr., sec. 4; March 22, 1852. C. Gil-Ulan, e. 62 ; C. R. Town send, w. 62. John Masters, lot 2 and lot 2, n. e. qr., sec. 4; March 22, 1852. John Stidham, n. w. qr., sec. 4; Nov, 22, 1836. Edward Seeds, n. w. 121. Isaac Irvine, s. w. qr., sec. 4; Feb. 17, 1818. Romulus Riggs, s. w. 160. Geo. Rowland, s. e. qr., sec. 4; Nov. 11, 1817. Mrs. Black, n. 80 ; J. Black, s. 80s. e. H. J. Balch, n. e. qr., sec. 5; Nov. 19, 1817. Jacob Kopp, 125. Nathan Webster, n. w. qr., sec. 5, Sept. 10, 1836. Daniel Whisker, 122. Jacob Seeders, s. w. qr., sec. 5; Nov. 20, 1817. Charles Girvin, 160. John Stidham, s. e. qr., sec. 5; Nov. 22, 1836. E. P. Wright, 160. John Lyle, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 6; Sept. 10, 1836. Myrtle G. Brase, w. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 6; Jan. 23, 1837. Jonathan F. Currier, ii. 248. Robert Hall, n. w. qr., sec. 6; July 21, 1838. Wm. Hall, s. w. qr., sec. 6; July 21, 1836. C. A. Gardner, s. w. 154. John Swisson, s. e. qr., sec. 6 ; Jan. 14, 1818. C. Girvin, Jr., e. 80; D. Whisker, w. 80. Timothy Carter, n. e. qr., sec. 7; March. 9, 1818. D. Whisker, 160. John Armstrong, n. w. qr. sec. 7; May 31, 1836. W. W. Buswell, 80; D. Whisker, s. 76. James Buswell, s. w. qr., sec. 7; May 5, 1836. John Lackie, 156. Timothy Carter, s. e. qr., sec. 7; March 9, 1818. James T. House, 160. Margaret Smith, n. e. qr., sec. 8; June 8, 1818. Joseph Fleming, 160. John Pilsbury.n. w. qr., see. 8; June 8, 1818. F. P. AVright, 80; E. P. Wright, 80. Samuel Adams, s. w. qr., sec. 8; Oct. 6, 1817. James House, 160 Alanson Adams, s. e. qr., sec. 8; Oct. 6, 1817. A. H. Brock, 80; C. Wilson, 40; J. N. Seely, 40. Stephen Whipple, n. e. qr., sec. 9; Dec. 27, 1817. S. Seeds, 40; James Black, 40; Samuel Seeds, s. 80, n. e.; Mrs. John Black, 40; John Black, Jr., 120, n. w. James C. Angell, n. w. qr., sec. 9: Dec. 27, 1817. John T. Swords, s. w. qr., sec. 9; July 16, 1819. Geo'. Sturtevant, 82; I. Seely, 35; J. N. Seely, 40. Alex. McConkey, s. e. qr., sec. 9; May 15, 1819. Silas Seely, s. e. 160. Samuel Shannon, n. e. qr., sec. 10; Dec. 15, 1817. Charles Stuart, 160. William Weaver, n. w. qr., sec. 10; Dec. 15, 1817. Charles Stuart, 160 OSCEOLA TOWNSHIP. 573 Charles Avery, s. w. qr., sec. 10; May 15, 1818. Fred. Dickman, 160. Nathan Brown, s. e. qr., sec. 10; May 15, 1818. Mark Booth, n. 80; T. and I. Hall, s. 80. John Gowen, n. e. qr., sec. 11; Jan. 7, 1818. Luke Code, 36, and small lots. Stephen Bridges, n. av. qr., sec. 11; Jan. 7, 1818. J. P. Erkskine, 160. Ransaeleer Lee, s. av. qr., sec. 11; Nov. 29, 1818. T. and I. Hall, 40: I. Hall, 80; J. Hall, 40. Shelton Lockwood, s. e. qr., sec. 11. See next. Morris Fowler, s. e. qr., sec. 11; March 16, 1853. James McGifford, s. e. 160. Isaac H. Day, n. e. qr., sec. 12; Nov. 1, 1850. William F. Horton, 160. Joseph Cutler, n. w. and s. w. qr., sec. 12; Feb. 14, 1818. Wm. Leet, n. w. 148, also s. w. 148. Isaac H. Day, s. e. qr., sec. 12; Nov. 1, 1850. W. F. Horton. s. e., 160. J. C. Hamilton, n. e. qr., sec. 13; Dec. 4, 1849. W. F. Horton, 80; J. Lennon, 80. David Flagg, n. w. qr., see. 13; Dec. 11, 1817. B. Mehan, 80; D. Donavan, w. 74. Jonathan Pike, s. w. qr., sec. 13; Dec. 11, 1817. M. A. Ames, s. w. 154. John C. Hamilton, s. e. qr., sec. 13; Dec. 4, 1849. Nelson Woodruff, w. 80; P. Finnegan, e. 80. Wm. Brower, n. e. qr., sec. 14; Jan. 24, 1818. John and James Hall, 160. Frederick Devoe, n. w. qr., sec. 14, Jan. 24, 1818. John ancl James Hall. 160. A. Campbell, s. w. qr., sec. 14; Feb. 20, 1818. Jonathan Hall, s. w. 160. Asel Stanley, s. e. qr., sec. 14; Feb. 20, 1818. James Hall, 60; Geo. I. Searl, 100. Timothy Thompson, n. e. qr., sec. 15; Dec. 8, 1818. T. Hall, n. 80; J. Hall, 80. Gerard Tracy, n. w. qr., sec. 15; Dec. 8, 1818. Levi Fulk, 160. Ephraim Pratt, s. w. qr., sec. 15; Nov. 5, 1817. Jonathan and W. Hall, 80; James Hall, 80. John Barker, s. e. qr., sec. 15; Nov. 5, 1817. Jonathan and Martha Hall, 160. John L. Fowler, lots 1 and 8, e., n. e. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850. Levi Fulk, 82; I. Seely, 81. Madison Wever, lots 2 and 7, w., n. e. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850. Jackson S. Osburn, lot 3, n. e., n. w. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850. Israel Seely, 40; I. Sturm, 121. Isaac Sturm, lots 4 and 5, w., n. w. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850. George D. Sturm, lot 6, s. e., n. av. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850. Joshua Gilfallen and Otis Gardner, lots 11 and 14, e., s. w. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850. Samuel Craft, 81; W. D. Fulk, 82, s. w. Isaac Ridgeway, lot 12, n. av., s. w. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850 Matthias Sturm, lot 13, s. av., s. w. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850. John E. Dalrymple, lots 9 and 16, e., s. e. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850. I. Dalrym ple, 119; Israel Seely, 40. Upton Nelson, lot 10, n. w., s. e. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850. Daniel Phenix, lot 15, s. w., s. e. qr., sec. 16; April 8, 1850. John Carroll, n. e. qr., sec. 17; April 23, 1818. Isaac Sturm, e. 80; Charles Wil son, 80. James Wiley, n. w. qr., sec. 17; April 23, 1818. Charles Wilson, 160. John Langfitt, s. w. qr., sec. 17; Dec. 31, 1817. George Bodle, 80; W. W. Searl, s. 80. Jacob Sticker, s. e. qr., sec. 17; Dee. 31, 1817. C. D. Sturm, 120; John Elli ott, 40. Amos Bunnell, n. e. qr., sec. 18; Dec. 18, 1817. George Sturtevant, n. e. 160. Isaac Spencer, n. w. qr., sec. 18; July 12, 1836. Otis Gardner, n. av. 114; J. A. Gardner, 23; W. W. Winslow, 19. Isaac Spencer, n. e. qr., s. w. qr., sec. 18; July 13, 1836. W. W. Winslow, s. w 156. Thomas H. Watts, w. hf . s. w. qr., sec. 18; July 12, 1836. Thomas H. Watts, s. e. qr., s. w. qr., sec. 18; Feb. 17, 1837. Asa Manning, s. e. qr., sec. 18; Dec. 18, 1817. Elijah Stevens, s. e. 160. William Kurnin, s. e. qr., sec. 19; Oct. 6, 1817. Elijah Stevens, n. e. 160. James Clark, n. w. qr., sec. 19; Nov! 19, 1836. James B. Winslow, n. w. 160. D. Salisbury and E. Nichols, s. w. qr., sec. 19; June 8, 1836. R'. M. Scott, n. 78; John Lackie, s. 78, s. w. qr. Samuel Love, n. e. qr., s. e. qr., sec. 19; June 13, 1836. W W Searl, e. 78; C. Sturtevant, w. 78, s. e. qr. John Watts, w. hf . s. e. qr., sec. 19; Feb. 19, 1837. Samuel Love, s. e. qr., s. e. qr., sec. 19; June 10, 1836. 574 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. James Bush, Jr., n. e., and n. w. qr., sec. 20; Feb. 20, 1818. William Leet, 320. William Pratt, s. w. qr., sec. 20; May 17, 1836. W. Liggett, 40; Alex Liggett, 120, s. w. qr.; H. S. Sturm, 36; Champion, 4; William Liggett, 120. s. e. qr. Mathias Sturm, s. e. qr., sec. 20; May 5, 1836. Eli Brady, n. e. qr., sec. 21; May 1, 1818. James Hall, 85; Jane A. Phenix, 43. Andrew Groynne,,n. w. qr., sec. 21; May 1, 1818. J. M. Liggett, 156; C. W. Woodward, 4. John Lyle, n. hf. s. e. qr. and s. w. qr., sec. 21; Sept. 10, 1836. Jane A. Phenix, 60; Liggett, 60; Champion, 40. Mathias Sturm, s. hf . s. e. qr., sec. 21; May 5, 1836. Jane A. Phenix, 110; Jona than Hall, 40; J. Hall, 10. Jabez Graves, n. e. qr., sec. 22; Jan. 23, 1818. Amelia Hall, 80; Wm. Hall, 80. William Graham, n. w. qr., sec. 22; Jan. 23, 1818. James Hall, 160. William Crowson, s. w. and s. e. qr., sec. 22; Feb. 10, 1818. D. Fulk, s. w. qr.; J. D. Hatfield, s. e. qr. James Taylor, n. e. qr. sec. 23; June 5, 1818. J. E. Vail, n. 80; S. A. Foster, s. 79, n. e. qr. Isaac McCarter, n. w. qr., sec. 23; June 5, 1818. Jonathan, William and Martha Hall, n. w. 160. Samuel Allen, s. w. qr., sec. 23; Nov. 29, 1817. F. J. Liggett, e. 80; L. L. Foster, w. 80. Philip Andrews, s. e. qr., sec. 23; Nov. 29, 1817. D. G. Plummer, 44; M. Fowler, 76% and 14 town lots, s. e. qr. Elijah Nickerson, n. e. qr., sec. 24; Nov. 29, 1817. Nathaniel Coleman, n. e. 160. Samuel Neal, n. w. qr., sec. 24; Nov. 29, 1817. Wm. Leet, n. w. 155. Fred. Honn, s. w. qr., sec. 24; Nov. 30, 1818. Wm. Leet, e. 103, and town lots, s. w. George Stall, s. e. qr., sec. 24; Nov. 30, 1818. Maria Owens, s. e. 160. F. K. Robinson, n. e. and n. w. qr., sec. 25; March 4, 1818. Mordecai Bevier, 60; H. Whitley, 100 in n. e. qr.; B. M. Thompson, 64; J. V. Bevier, 38; II. J. Wilcox, 38, and town lots in n. w. qr. Job Haskell, s. w. qr., sec. 25; Dec. 10, 1817. Mordecai Bevier, n. 80; B. G. Howes, s. 80, s. w. qr. Hudson Knight, s. e. qr., sec. 25; Dec. 10, 1817. William Blake, s. e. 160. John Coon, n. e. qr., sec. 26; Nov. 7, 1817. J. E. Noyes, 40; Decker & Co., 40; H. Phenix, 17, and town lots in n. e. qr. J. C. Parker, n. w. qr., sec. 26; Aug. 14, 1818. A. J. Sturm, 150 in n. w. Orason Menard, s. w. qr., sec. 26; April 23, 1818. H. J. Wilcox, 36; F. Leggitt, 40; A. E. Whitcher, 78. Josiah Brantley, s. e. qr., sec. 26; Aug. 14, 1818. John Whitcher, s. 80; H. J. Wilcox, n. 80. R. Hardy, n. e. qr., sec. 27; Jan. 31, 1818. Sturm, 2; N. Sturm, 78; J. E. Noyes, 16 %, and A. A. Seely, 73 }i n. e. Amos Small, n. w. qr., sec. 27; Oct. 6, 1818. N. Sturm, n. 80; A. A. Seely, s. 80. E. F. Nicholls, s. w. qr., sec. 27; Feb. 18, 1818. John Seely, 80; S. Montooth, 60; J. A. Phenix, 20. W. F. Reed, s. e. qr., sec. 27, Dec. 15, 1817. N. W. Foster, 1; H. C. Sturm, 78; F. Pratt, 80, sec. 27. H. Seely and L. Sturm, n. e. qr., sec. 28; July 3, 1835. Doyle & Damon, 40; B. F. Newton, 40; Israel Seely, 40; Nathan Downing, 40. Jos. Newton, n. e. qr. n. w. qr., sec. 28; May 2, 1836. Napoleon Enos, 120; John Milkey, 40; Jane A. Phenix, 40; Wm. Moore, 115, are the large lots on sec. 28, the others being in town. John Stedham, n. w. qr., sec. 28; Nov. 22, 1836. Joseph Newton, s. w. qr., sec. 28; Jan. 14, 1836. Henry Breese, s. e. qr., sec. 28; Jan. 14, 1836. William Eaton, s. w. qr., see. 28; Dec. 31, 1817. George Stanton, s. e. qr., sec. 28; Feb. 18, 1818. Alfred Foster, n. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 29; Sept. 24, 1852. W. Leggelt, 40, in n. e. qr. Nicholas Sturm, s. w. qr. aud s. c. qr. n. e. qr , sec. 29; Oct. 3, 1849. David Coder, n. hf. of n. w. qr., sec. 29; July 14, 1837. O. Golder, 110, W. Moore, 40, in n. w. qr. Wm. Moore, s. w. qr. of n. w. qr., sec. 29; Dec. 5, 1853. W.J. Eagelston, 140, in s . w . qr. Nicholas Sturm, s. e. qr. of n. w. qr. and n. e. qr. of s. w. qr., sec. 29, Oct. 3, 1844. OSCEOLA TOWNSHIP. 575 John F. Phenix, n. w. qr. of s. w. qr., sec. 29'; Dec. 5, 1853. Wm. Gray, s. w. qr. of s. w. qr., sec. 29; Sept. 1, 1835. Sylvanus Moore, s. e. qr. of s. w. qr., sec. 29; July 3, 1835. W. Moore, 100; W. & B. Phenix, 40; Elijah Stevens, 40, in s. e. qr., are the only large tracts in this section, the remainder being town lots. Moses Vansickle, s. e. qr., sec. 29; Sept. 1, 1835. Isaac Spencer, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 30; July 14, 1837. E. Stevens, 120; M. H. Weaver, 5, and Otis Gardner, 35, in n. e. qr. J. and W. Gray, n. w. qr. and w. hf . n. e. qr., sec. 30; May 2, 1836. Levi Fulk, 75; Geo. Currier, 38, and Elijah Stevens, 38, in n. w. qr. W. H. Boardman, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 30; March 6, 1837. Dexter Hall, w. hf . s. av. qr., sec. 30; May 23, 1836. R. C. Briggs, 76% on the s. w. qr. Nemennah Merritt, n. e qr. s. e. qr., sec. 30; July 14, 1837. H. H. Drawyer, 60, and Doyle s Bocock, born in Fulton county, 111., May 4, 1854, is the son of Bobert Mc. and Elizabeth (Culton) Bocock, and grandson of Elijah ancl Barbara (McKinney) Bocock, natives of Virginia ancl Penn sylvania, respectively, ancl on the maternal side of John J. ancl Abigail (Mitchell) Culton, of Virginia ancl Indiana, respectively, of Irish ances try. Bobert Bocock came to this toAvnsbip in '54. Here William C. Avas educated ancl here resided on the homestead until January, '79, AA'hen he married Miss Maria A. Holmes, daughter oi Echvin ancl Salina (Savill) Holmes, naX'es of England, and granddaughter of Eli ancl Maria (Baily) Holmes, also natives of England. For tAvo years after his marriage he was engaged in farming on land rented from his father; but in '81 he purchased eighty acres on section 15, on which he took up his residence, ancl has since made his home. Mr. Bocock has 622 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES added to his agricultural duty that of stock-growing and dealing in stock of all kinds in which his father was extensively engaged up to his death. In political life he is thoroughly Republican, in church matters, Christian, but not denominational. Though a young man he has filled several township offices creditably, and is noAv director of the Castleton graded school district. John Bentley Brown, deceased, was born in Augusta count}', Va. in 1806. When of age he married Miss Betsy, daughter of Thomas and Jane Johnson, all natives of Virginia, and in '37 migrated westward with his family, settling in Peoria county, 111., near what is noAv known as Edwards Station. In '53 he removed to Wyoming, engaged in mercantile business and so continued in trade until his death, May 23, '80. His AA'idoAv died there June 30, '81. Of their eight children, five are living : C. W., of Penn, the senior ; John M., whose history ap pears in the chapter on Toulon, Newton G., married, residing in Allen county, Kan., Martha, wife of C. G. Colburn of Wyoming, ancl Isa bella, a teacher in the public schools. John B. Brown was recognized as, a man of zeal ancl earnestness in religious, temperance and political affairs, Avas a staunch member of the M. E. Church for fifty years pre ceding his death. Cranmer W. Brown, born in Hampshire county, Va., July 31, 1834, is the eldest son of John Bentley Brown Avho settled in Peoria county in '37, ancl came to Stark county in 1853. He shared all his father's traA'els and pioneer labors in Peoria county and Wyoming, ancl in the latter place Avas connected Avith his father's business for some years — thus obtaining a very practical education in the school, on the farm, and in the store. In November, '56 he married Miss Elizabeth O, daughter of James F. and Elizabeth Henderson, natives of Pennsylvania, but pioneers of TazeAvell county, 111., Avhere Mrs. BroAvn was born March 5, '36. In '61 he engaged in agricultural Avork, south of Wyoming, ancl in August, '62, enlisted in Company E, One-hundred-and-tAvelfth Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Avas chosen first lieutenant and made the record credited to him in the military chapter of this work. On the close of the War, he pur chased a farm on section 14, Penn township, and has since been prom inent in adding1 to the live-stock ancl agricultural Avealth of the coun- ty. In politics he is Republican, and in religion a supporter of the Methodist Church of which Mrs. Brown is a member. In public affairs he has always manifested and felt a deep interest in advancing what ever appeared to be for the best interests of the people, has repeatedly been called upon to fill offices of public trust ancl responsibility, and has ahvays performed the duties of such offices with credit to himself and satisfaction to his constituents. Of his three children, William is married and a resident of Nebraska; James, unmarried, and George, married, are farmers of this toAvnship. Erastus Brown and his wife, Amanda (Stafford) Brown, natives of Vermont, removed in 1S43 to DeKalb county, 111., Avhere they re mained only a short time, Avhen they removed to Peoria county. There Mr. Brown purchased a farm and began its improvement; there Mrs. Brown passed to her last sleep. About a year later Mr. OF PENN TOWNSHIP. 623 BroAvn married Miss McCumpsey ; immediately after came to Stark county, ancl settled in Toulon tOAvnship, but after a few years removed to Lafayette, AA'here he died, October 18, 1870, being then in his seventy-fourth year. He avus a soldier of the Avar of 1812. Harlow Brown., son of Erastus Brown, Avas born in Vermont, in 1821, remained Avith his parents until be AA'as tAA'enty years of age, Avhen he came to Peoria, Avhere he Avas engaged in various occupations for seven years. On August 1, 1847, he married Harriet Stoffer, a daughter of Jacob ancl Mary (Tyson) Stoffer, avIio Avas born. October 6, 1826. Ller parents AA'ere natives of Pennsylvania, Avho settled in Ohio, ancl in 1844 settled in Peoria county, 111. Some years later they came to Stark county, where her mother died in 1885, being then eighty-nine years of age, thus surviving her husband some years. About a year after their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. BroAvn came to Penn township, where they purchased land and began its improvement, amid all the privations of pioneer life. Their union has been blessed by twelve children, seven of Avhom are still living: Effie J. (deceased) ; Amanda P., now Mrs. William Cross, of Kansas; Nellie J., noAv Mrs. EdAvin Snare, of Valley tOAvnship ; Eliza, noAv Mrs. N. Foster, of Os ceola; Sherman (deceased); Samuel (deceased); Lemuel (deceased); Emma C. (deceased); Dora E., iioav Mrs. E. Pettit, of Penn town ship; H. B., now engaged in the hardAvare trade in Castleton, 111.; Franklin W., ancl Herbert D. Bolitically, Mr. Btoavii is a Bepublican, having voted that ticket since the Buchanan campaign. He now oavhs 640 acres of the choicest lands in Stark county, the greater part- being in Penn township, on Avhich is situated his large pleasant residence. Mrs. BroAvn has been an invalid for the last five years. In speaking of pioneer life, Mr. ancl Mrs. Brown relate many events, among others being kept aAvake by the hoAvling of the AA'olves, which surrounded the cabin as soon as dark came on. Their cabin Avas 12x12, and on one occasion Mrs. BroAvn held a "quilting," and, on account of lack of room in the house, they quilted out doors, Avith no cover but a small shed. Benjamin. B. Bunnell, son of John Bunnell, Avas born in. Pike county,' Pa., 1811. His early life AA'as spent Avith his parents, assist ing in the duties of the farm, or attending school. On January 7, 1833, he married Miss S. A. Little, a daughter of Robert ancl Elizabeth (Armstrong) Little. Her parents Avere natives of New Jersey, Avhere she was born in 1811. The paternal grandparents of James A. and Robert E. Avere John Bunnell, born August 13, 1790, avIio died August 11, 1872 and Marv Place, born September 7, 1793, who died November 3, 1851, Benjamin being one of a family of fourteen children, tAvelve of whom reached manhood and womanhood. After this marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Bunnell began farming in Pennsylvania, Avhich occupa tion they folio Aved tAventv years. In 1854, he sold his farm, and with his familv remoA'ed to Illinois, purchased a section in Penn toAvnship, and there resided until 1864, when he Avent to Nashville, Tenn., to nurse his son John, avIio Avas lying in the hospital, and who never recovered. Returning, he sold his farm to his son Robert, and removed to Neponset, 111., where he resided ten years; then returned to Penn 37 624 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES tOAvnship, making their home with their son. Here Mrs. Bunnell died August 16, 1876. Mr. Bunnell is still living, ancl, at present writing, although noAv in his seventy-sixth year, is quite active. The first rec ord of the ancestors comes from London, Eng., coming to America about the year 1600. Mr. Bunnell is an uncle of Senator F. C. Bun nell, of Pennsylvania. He is the father of six children, four of Avhom are still living: James A., iioav of Penn toivnship; Inis M., noAv Mrs. J. S. Moffit, of Nebraska; John H, avIio died of his Avounds at Nash ville; Bobert E., of Penn to AA'nship ; Mary (deceased) ; ancl Amanda E., noAv Mrs. G. M. Wright, of this toAvnship. James A. Bunnell, son of Benjamin and S. A. (Little) Bunnell, was born in Pennsylvania in 1834. He passed his youth at the home of his parents. In his fifteenth year he entered Wyoming Seminary, studying there about three years, Avhen he returned to his home and began teaching in the public schools. This profession he followed several years. In his twenty-sixth year he married Miss N. Irene Chamberlin, a daughter of John F. and Susan (Terry) Chamberlin, who Avas born in Bradford county, Pa., in 1838, Avhere she Avas married September 25, 1860. Her parents were natives of Pennsylvania, AA'here her mother still resides, her father having died in 1881 in his sixty -sixth year. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Bunnell returned to Illinois ancl settled on an unimproved quarter on section 17, Penn toAvnship, on Avhich he had previously built a house which, on account of its height, was the Avonder of the country, people coining from far and near to see the building, and all prophesied that it would surely bloAV awa}'. It still remains and is today one of the finest farm residences in Stark county. Four children have blessed their union, three of Avhom are living: Ida M., Susie E., Jennie A., and Bena C. (deceased). Mrs. Bunnell is a member of the M. E. church and is interested in all works of benevolence. Mr. Bunnell has never voted any but the Re publican ticket, ancl has held several of the township offices. He has been a hard Avorker, and as the result of labor, now OAvns 500 acres of the choicest lands in Penn township, about one ancl one-fourth mile from Castleton. In connection Avith his large farm is his stock- groAving establishment, which like the farm, is fully equipped and well managed. Robert E. Bunnell, son of Benjamin and Sally Ann (Little) Bunnell, AA'as born in Wyoming county, Pa., September 25, 1839, ancl is the fourth child of a family of six children. In his fifteenth year he en tered the Wyoming Academy, remained there a short time, Avhen he returned to his home. In his tAventy -seventh year he purchased the farm of his father ancl assumed control at once. Four years later, September 15, 1870, he married Miss Matilda H. Jackson, a daughter of George W and Harriet (Jackson) Jackson, Avho was born June 15, 1847. Her parents Avere natives of Pennsylvania, who removed to Illinois. Here her mother died in 1849. Mr. Jackson having mar ried again, the family settled at Clayton, Adams county, where her father engaged as superintendent of the foundry, and Avas also a preacher. He is the inventor and patentee of the "Jackson" scales. In 1861 he organized Company A, of the One-hundred-and-forty-first OF PENN TOWNSHIP. 625 Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, and was elected Captain. In a short time, on account of failing health, he Avas compelled to return home. In 1870 the family removed to Burlington, Iowa, Avhere he en gaged in the manufacture of his scales. Tavo years later Mr. Jackson died, his widoAV being iioav a resident of Peoria." Mrs. Bunnell, until her marriage, had been engaged in teaching in the graded schools. Since marriage Mr. and Mrs. Bunnell have resided in Penn toAvnship, where five children have been born to them, namely : Nellie E., John O, Beulah O, Fred. J. and Bernice M. Mr. Bunnell now OAvns 1,240 acres of the choicest lands in Penn township, on which is situate one of the finest farm residences in Stark county. He also OAvns a large amount of real estate in Nebraska. Mr. Bunnell has ahvays been a Republican. His wife is a member of the M. E. church. Daniel Coghlan, born in Brown county, Ohio, in 1811, came to Ill inois in pioneer times, ancl to the Snareville neighborhood about 1858, died there in October, 1879. , Samuel Crum, born in Huntingdon county, Pa., April 6, 1825, is the son of Frederic -and Catherine (Snare) Crum, both Pennsylvanians ; the former born in 1794, was the son of a German settler, the latter, daughter of a German settler also. To them nine children were born, eight of whom are still living, namely : Samuel, of Penn township ; Daniel, of Huntingdon county, Pa. ; Nancy, Avife of Byron Haack, of that county ; Ellen, Mrs. Joseph T. Fisher, of Johnson county, Mo.; Reuben H., a resident of Pennsylvania ; Margaret, Mrs. John Clark, of Huntingdon county, Pa.; George W., also residing there, ancl Ann, Mrs. John C. Lytle, residing in that county. The father died there in 1876, ancl the mother in 1877. Both were of the Pennsylvania agricultural class. Samuel Crum in early years Avas a Avoodchopper, schoolboy, miller and farmer — about all a pioneer boy could be. In 1848 he married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Henry and Margaret (Wise) Hess, ancl paternal granddaughter of Jacob ancl Elizabeth (Zimmerman) Hess, Germans. Jacob being born in 1781, died in 1869, and Elizabeth, born in 1789, died in 1859. Her mother was born in 1768, died April 8, 1857, and her father, Henry, born in 1758, died January 27, 1837. After Mr. Crum's marriage he became a farmer, came to this township in 1859, engaged in grain ancl stock-growing, purchased eighty acres on section 20 in 1869, came to reside on it in 1873, added eighty acres on section 17, erected a fine farm-house, and has resided here clown to the present time. Their children are : Mar garet, wife of B. S. Snare ; Winfield B., married, residing in this town ship, and John W., a druggist at Castleton. Mr. Crum and "his two sons control 263 acres here. He has served as supervisor one year, assessor three years, school director ancl in minor offices. Both he and wife are members of the Snareville Methodist church. W. B. Crum is the genial clerk of the tOAA'nship school board, ancl like his father, one of the most popular men in the township. The farms and homes Avhich this family made here are the results of their _ own labors since 1859. Their reputation rests on industry and integrity. Chauncey II. Davison, who married Eliza E. Wheeler, Avas born in Wyoming county, Pa., December 12, 1819, son of James and Catherine 626 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES (Stark) Davison. He moved with his parents to Lorain county, Ohio, in 1834, AA'here he married Miss Wheeler, in 1840. In 1851 they moved to Stark county, 111., and thence in February, 1875,' to Wayne county, IoAva, Avhere they noAv reside. Archibald Wheeler, born in England, in 1800, emigrated to St. LaAvrence county, N. Y., Avhere he married Narcissus Gardner, a natiA'e of that county7, of Scotch descent. She Avas living fifteen miles south of Ogdensburg Avhen that settlement Avas burned by the British in 1812. Wheeler ancl family moved to Lorain county, Ohio, in 1834, cleared 100 acres, and lived in the log cabin he then built until 1850, AA'hen a dwelling house was erected in which they resided until their death a feAv years ago. George D. Eagelston, son of William and Emeline S. (Fargo) Eagelston, was born in Kickapoo toAvnship, Peoria county, April 26, 1849. His father Avas a native of Albany, N. Y., ancl mother of Ash tabula, O., as related in the history of the Eagelston family of "Wyoming. In 1852 the family moved from Peoxia count}' to Stark county, and here George D. received his early education, and completed a course of study at Cole's Business College, Peoria, in 1872-3. From this per od until the spring of 1874 he was engaged in the cattle trade in Texas. On returning he began farming and dealing in horses, making a shipment of horses to the eastern market during the season of 1874. Since that time he has been engaged in,, stock-growing and agriculture here. On September 10, 1874, his marriage with Miss Phoebe A., daughter of James ancl Parmelia (Eustis) Woods, Avas celebrated. Her parents Avere natives of Ohio ancl Indiana, respectively, ancl her pater nal grandparents, Jeremiah and Margaret (Wooster) Woods, Avere natives of Ohio. To this marriage four children Avere born : James W., Mav 20, 1875 ; Harry PL, February 8, 1877; Henry M., February 21, 1878, ancl George W., March 1, 1881. In 1874 Mr.' Eagelston pur chased eighty acres on section 22, which he sold in 1878, and pur chased ninety-three acres on section 5. In politics he was Bepublican up to 1878, when the Goddess of Greenbackism AA-on his affections. For four years he, has served as school director, is at present clerk of the board ancl highway commissioner. In Masonic circles he belongs to the Blue Lodge, Chapter, Council and Eastern Star, as related in the history of Wyoming. In religious thought he is Christian, but not a member of any particular sect. 2lury Farwell, born at Dublin, N. IL, in 1795, died at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Gleason, near Castleton, March 9, 1886. Her hus band died in NeAV Hampshire in 1S56. James W. Fleming, son of Samuel C. ancl Bebecca (Bonsall) Fleming, both natives of Pennsylvania, Avas born in Clearfield county, there, July 21, 1842, received his education in that county and in Ohio, where he settled with his father .in 1854, and subsequently in Elmira toAvnship, of this county, Avhere the family settled in 1855. On Sep tember 9, 1869, he married Miss Clara E., daughter of James and Nancy (Akerly) Griffin, both naXes of NeAV York, of Avhich state their parents were also natives. James W. purchased 160 acres on section 13, in Toulon toAvnship in 1872, removed the same year to Castleton ancl engaged in the grain trade, a business he has folio Aved to the pres- OF PENN TOWNSHIP. 627 ent time. Lie has also given attention to agriculture and stock-grow ing during these years. In political and religious affairs he has always been liberal and tolerant, giving his support" to Avhat appears to him just rather than folloAA'ing party or sect lines. In society matters he is a member of the Blue Lodge at Toulon. The two children born to Mr. and Mrs. Fleming: Everett J., born February 7, 1874, and Ger trude M., January 22, 1877, are pupils in the Castleton schools. Levi Fouts, born in Wayne county, Ind., June 2, 1827, is the son of Jacob and Eleanor (Dougan) Fouts, both natives of North Carolina and of German descent. In 1831 the family moved to Fulton county, 111., near Canton, Avhere Jacob died October 9, 1874, after forty -three years of agricultural life in that county. His Avife died November 17, 1858. Of their eleven children seven are living : Jacob, a AvicloAver ; Salem, at the head of a family, both residing in Kansas, near Ottawa ; Elizabeth, in Fulton county, near Canton ; Levi and LeAvis in this county, near Bradford ; Francis, near Sedan, Kan., and Malcom, near Canton, 111., on the old home place. Levi Fonts married, in 1851, Miss Nancy, daughter of Elijah and Barbara (McKinney) Bocock, of Virginia ancl Pennsylvania, respectively. To them six children Avere born, namely : Barbara Eleanor, Avife of Simeon Bell; residing near Keota, IoAva ; Alice Jane, Avife of John S. Koof, near Viola, 111.; Jacob O, married Mar garet Ann Eagelston, residing near Camp Grove ; Hannah Maria, wife of John Mahler, near Camp Grove ; Elijah A. and Cyrus E. are at home. In 1854 Mr. Fouts sold bis eighty -acre farm in Fulton county and coming here purchased 160 acres on section 13, to AA'hich he has added 220 acres. For thirty-three years he has been engaged in agri culture and stock-groAving here with marked success. In political life he Avas a Bepublican, but has changed to an earnest Greenbacker. In church affairs he is undenominational but a supporter of all Christian societies. Zura Fuller, son of Chauncy D. ancl Lydia (Avery) Fuller, was born in Toulon township, Stark county, December 21, 1851, as related in the history of the Fuller family of Toulon. He received a liberal education in the schools here, at the commercial college, Davenport, Iowa, and at Pe.oria, completing at the latter place, and returning, engaged in mercantile work at Modena. After some short time he moved to Texas, engaged in the cattle trade and became one of the most popular " cow-boys " in that state. With the honors of one season's Texan life he returned to his native county, and Avas engaged in mercantile busi ness at Modena until March, 1886, when he purchased the business interests of Cyrus Bocock at Castleton, where he is noAv residing. His marriage with Miss Fannie M. Clark Avas celebrated September 16, 1886. This lady is a daughter of William F. ancl Diana Clark, of Pennsylvania. She came to Modena in 1883, took a position in a mercantile house there until 1885, when she returned to her Pennsyl vania home, but in 1886 returned and married Mr. Fuller. In religion Mr. Fuller is a member of the M. P. church, in society affairs belongs to the Masonic Lodge; was director of the Modena district schools for some time, and always a quiet but earnest supporter of Avhatever enter prise promised public benefit. A letter from C. D. Fuller, El Dorado 628 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES / Springs, Mo., dated October 10, 1886, in reply to request for informa tion regarding this family, gives the following particulars : " Father Avas born in West Stockbridge, Mass., in the year, 1787 ; his father moved to Pennsylvania Avhen father Avas quite young. Mother AA'as born in Genesee Valley, N. Y. I have not the year of her birth. I Avas born in Luzerne, now Wyoming county, Pa., May 5, 1817. The family came to Illinois in 1836, and settled in Avhatis now Stark county. That is as far back as I can trace my ancestors. My father was a medical doctor, but unfortunately. Ave never had any preachers or lawyers among the old stock, that I knoAv of." Benjamin F. Gharrett, born in Huntingdon county, Pa., September 1, 1832, is the son of iienry and Nancy (Kurfman) Gharrett, who are referred to in other places. Mr. Gharrett came with his stepfather to this county in 1847, received a liberal education at Henry in this state, and in February, 1858, married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of James and Nancy (Akerly) Griffin, of New York State, ancl grand-daughter of Parant and Thena (Pelham) Griffin, and John and Elizabeth (ToAvn- send) Ackerly. To Mr. B. F. Gharrett ancl Avife, tAvo children Avere born — Olive II. , Avife of Charles E. Jordan, of Bed Cloud, Neb., and Jennie N., a school teacher of Modena, spoken of in the chapter on edu cation. In 1882, Mr. Gharrett purchased eighty acres on section 17, ancl in 1865 added a second eighty, all of which he rented in 1872, moved to Castleton, and engaged in the stock business, to Avhich he subsequently added his interests in the elevator and grain business at Castleton. In 1878 he disposed of these interests, moved to Hastings, Neb., near Avhich toAvn he purchased 160 acres, had it improA'ed, an"d meantime engaged in mercantile trade there. In 1880 he traded this store for 160 acres in Nebraska, and some property in this state, returned to Penn ToAvnship, purchased eighty acres on section 1,6, which he rents, Avhile himself and family reside in Castleton, Avhere he is also interested in real estate. Mr. Gharrett cast his first A'ote for Fillmore, Avas a member of the Union League, and has ever been a thorough-going Be publican. In toAvnship matters he ha,s been Justice of the Peace for several terms, a director of the Castleton graded schools for years, and has filled almost every township office. In religion he is undenomina tional. William D. Grant sold to Judge Holgate land in Penn ToAvnship, in ] 833. The land Avas resold in 1881 to Bobert E. Bunnell for $75 per acre. George Green, born in Limerick county, Ireland, March 14, 1834, is a son of John ancl Elizabeth Green, natives of England and Germany, respectively. The latter Avhile en route to America Avas shipwrecked and drifted on the Irish coast. There she met ancl married Mr. Green, Avho died in Ireland in 1S33. Of their seA'en children only tAvo are living — Mrs. Sommerville of Ohio, and George of this toAvnship. The avicIow ancl children came to America in 1837, settled in Muskingum county, Ohio, Avhere the mother engaged in school teaching. In 1841 she married George Smith, and to them three children Avere born — William, deceased ; llenry T., of Kansas, ancl Charles E., of Ohio. Mr. Smith died in 1849, and in 1853 she married Daniel SAviger, and resided Avith him in Ohio until her death in 1880. OF PENN TOAVNSHIP. 629 George Green's earlier years Avere passed at school, later he worked in the coal mines for seven years, Avhen in '55 he moved to McLean county, 111., and engaged in farming. On March 1, '58, he married Miss Neta A. BroAvn, born in that county, August 19, '41, Avhose par ents were natives of Tennessee ancl Indiana, respectively. In '84 the family moved to this tOAvnship, where Mr. Green purchased eighty acres in section 28. Their four children are among the dead : Bennett, born March 24, '59, died September 12, '64 ; Alfred, born September 12, '60, died November 5, '73 ; William O., born April 28, '62, died July 22, '63 ; and Lucy M., born December 6, '63, died February 25, '78. Mr. and Mrs. Green are members of the M. P. church of this tOAvn- ship. In earlier years he Avas a Bepublican, but changed his political faith in favor of the Democracy. In addition to his property here he is the owner of forty acres of land in McLean county, 111. Andrew Harty, born November 27, '33, in Tipperary county, Ire land, is the son of John ancl Sarah (O'Brien) Harty, ancl grandson of John and Mary (McCormick) Harty, Avhose ancestors for generations were known in Ireland. On the mother's and grandmother's side the descent is clearly Milesian, while on the paternal side it is Pictish or Scotch. The children of his grandparents Avere Dominic, Avho came to the United States ancl settled at NeAV Orleans ; Andre av, Patrick and Julia, died in Ireland, Mary emigrated to Chicago; John, father of Andrew, died in Ireland, December 18, '66. He Avas born in 1797, a year before the great rebellion, married in '23 to Miss Sarah O'Brien, Avho Avas born in 1798., Of their eight children, John came to the Uni ted States in '50, died here in '79 ; Edward came in '48, died June 30, '76; Patrick died in Australia in '83; AndreAv settled in Penn town ship ; Sarah, avIio married Patrick McGuire, came in '63, died here in '68; Dominic came in '67, married here, and is a resident of Penn; Michael came in '63, married here ancl resides here. James died in Ireland in '48. AndreAv Harty receiA'ecl a liberal education in his na tive parish, as the penal laAvs Avere relaxed a feAv years before his birth. In '52 he came to Baltimore, Md., tAvo years later came to Illinois, en gaged as a farm hand in this township, and in '60 purchased eighty acres here, improving it the same year. On August 15, '62, he enlisted in Company F, One-hundred-and-'tAvelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, promoted corporal ancl sergeant, ancl at Decatur, Ga., was elected first lieutenant. He participated in all the battles credited to the regiment in the military chapter, until honorably discharged at Greensboro, N. C, June 20, '65. While the regiment was at Raleigh, N. O, he visited Baltimore, there met Miss Sarah Marie Byan, daughter of William ancl Ann Byan, of Tipperary County, Ireland, ancl this lady he married at Baltimore in September, '65. Returning, he resumed Avork on his farm, purchased 160 acres additional, to Avhich he has since added 320 acres in this tOAvnship, and 260 in Marshall County, or 820 acres devo ted to grain, farming and stock-growing. In political life Mr. Harty is democratic ; in toAvnship affairs he has been school director for seven teen years ; is a charter member of Dickerson Bost, G. A. R., ancl in religious life is a strict Catholic. Mrs. Harty, a lady distinguished for many excellent traits, died July 28, '86, in her forty-second year. Of 630 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES their twelve children five are liA'ing — Sarah A., Ada M., Mary E., Nora, Laura M., all residing at home. Mr. Harty's Avhole life here, and the success attending it, is such a commentary on his native coun try's government as any sane man can understand and appreciate. It is the victory of honest labor unchained by any species of tyrant. James Holgate, deceased, Avas born at Philadelphia, Pa., July 26, 1S04, Avhere his parents, Jacob and Elizabeth (Sheets) liolgate, then resided. His grandfather came from England and carried on a fulling mill, which the son, Jacob, converted into a paper mill and finally into a cotton factory. His mother, Elizabeth, was born in Pennsyh'ania, of German parents. In 1820 James Holgate moA'ed to Luzerne county, Pa., learned milling there, but turned his attention to Avoolen manu facture, ancl in 1829 established a store at Kingston. In April, 1827, he married Miss Sylvina Trux, of Troy, Luzerne county, Pa. In 1833 he sold his woolen mill and store, came to this county, and purchasing a claim of eighty acres, settled three miles northeast of Wyoming, in Penn township, ancl there resided until 1 875, Avhen he moved intp the toAvn. For eight years he was county judge ; for sixteen years, assessor of Penn township ; served as justice of the peace, member of the leg islature, ancl in other offices of trust. He voted for Jackson, in 1828, and continued Democratic to his death. Of his twelve children, ten are living. Jacob and Erastus are in Oregon ; Maria married John Snare, of Penn tOAvnship ; Elizabeth married William P. Buswell, of Neponset ; Charles is in Washington territory ; Mary Ann married Calvin Hart, of Nebraska ; Harriet is the Avife of E. Gharrett, of Mon tana; James is a physician at Castleton; William resides at Wyoming, ancl Reuben at Osceola. The mother of this family died in November, 1872, ancl the father has only just crossed the river Avhich old time bridges. Dr. James R. Holgate, son of James ancl Sylvina (Trux) Holgate, Avas born September 24, 1841. His early years were passed in attend ing school or assisting in the home-farm Avork ; but in 1866 he aban doned the idea of agricultural life, ancl the same year became a stu dent of Rush Medical College, Chicago, from which institution he graduated in February, 1869 ; the same year established his office at Castleton, and built up a reputation that is no disgrace to his family. On April 26, 1876, he married Miss Emma O, daughter of David and Harriet (BigloAv) Stimpson,°both natives of Canada, and granddaugh ter of Joseph and Nancy Stimpson, natives of England, of Scotch an cestry. Harriet BigloAv is the daughter of Abel ancl Amelia BigloAv ; the former of Massachusetts, the latter of NeAV Hampshire, who set tled in Canada. Mrs. Holgate, hoAvever, was born in Ragor, N. Y., to which state her parents moved from Canada. Dr. Holgate and Avife are the parents of five children, namely : Winser R., Leslie M., Jane, Reha ancl Bliss B. In politics he is Bepublican ; in social matters, a member of the Masonic society ancl I. 0. G. T.; ancl in religious mat ters, Avhile conservatively christian, like his people, is not a member of a,ny one denomination, but a supporter of all. "Edwin. Holmes, born April 9, 1832, at Hycle, near Manchester, Eng land, is the son of Eli and Maria (Baily) Holmes, both natives of that OF PENN TOAVNSHIP. 633 country. At the age of fifteen years he bound himself apprentice to Captain Jacob Gilh's, of the ship " Queen," bound for Mobile, and served on the ocean until March, 1849, Avhen he bid farewell to the sea at NeAV Orleans, ancl by April Avas tit Canton, 111. There he engaged in mining for eight, years. Lie married Miss Salina, daughter of Abram and Ann Savill, all natives of England. In 1860 he purchased land in this county, on which they resided until August 12, 1862, AA'hen he enlisted in Company B, One-hundred-and-twelfth Illinois Infantry, ancl aided to make the record credited to that command as given in the military chapter, in Avhich also his OAvn military record is given. lie AA'as Avounded at Cleveland, Tenn., made prisoner, hauled to Dalton, Ga., from Dalton to Cassville, thence to Atlanta in January, 1&63, suf fered all the horrors of rebel treatment there, ancl the even Avorse hor rors of Andersonville, to Avhich he Avas transferred in April. On Sep tember 28th, the third report of exchange of prisoners Avas circulated, ancl this time there Avas some foundation, for he, with others, was re moved to Charleston ; but the rebel scourge Avas cruel. There the Union prisoners Avere kept under fire of the Union guns, and ultimately moved back into the country to experience the terrors of Florence. After fourteen months and tAvelve clays of the vilest treatment Avhich men could inflict on a Avounded and sick man, he Avas released Novem ber 30, 1864. The forty acres Avhich he purchased in 1860 noAv claimed his attention. This tract he managed so well that he has since added sixty acres to it, arid erected a substantial residence together with other buildings. In politics he is Bepublican ; in religion, non-denom inational, but a supporter of christian churches ; in society affairs he is a member of James Jackson Post, G. A. JR., and for three years past has served as Post Surgeon. In tOAvnship affairs he has held several offices, and served as director of his school district. Of four children born to Mr. and Mrs. Holmes, three are living, namely : Maria A., wife of W. C. Bocock ; Mrs. Walter S\vetts, of Marshall county ; and Al fred E., residing at home. ( Vide military chapter.) Leo Julg, son of AndreAv and Rosanna Julg, both natives of Baden, Germany, Avas born there March 30, 1835. In 1852 he came to the United States, landed at New Orleans, proceeded to Peoria, 111., ancl there learned the shoemaker's trade. In 1856 he moved to Woodford county, farmed there one season, resumed his trade at Penola, in that county, Avhere he resided until 1859, When he returned to Peoria, worked there a few months, AA'hen he moved to Minonk, 111., ancl estab lishing a shop remained there until August, 1862, when he enlisted in Company H, Seventy-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He Avith seven others Avere captured at Mansfield, La., ancl shared the terrible ordeal of life in rebel prisons for thirteen months and nineteen days, being exchanged May 29, 1S65. There is one bright memory con nected Avith his imprisonment. It Avas the celebration of July 4, 1864, by 3,500 Union men in prison. One of them read the Declaration, Avhile another brought forth a Union flag, fastened it to a pole, and raised it over the brush Avakiup, which they built for shade. The pris oners cheered lustily, AA'hile the guards looked sullenly at the old flag as it floated above a rebel stronghold. In June, 1865, heAvas mustered Missing Page Missing Page 634 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES out, hurried to Minonk to meet his wife — Miss Ernestina Happert, a native of Oldenburg, Germany, to whom he vvas married in 1861- — and resided there until 1874, when he came to Castleton, where he has since followed his trade. In society matters he is a member of James Jackson Post, G. A. R., and of the Odd FelloAvs' society. To Mr. and Mrs. Julg two children were born, both of whom are numbered among the dead. Michael Kitterman, born in Virginia in 1800, came to Illinois in 1830 and squatted on the site of the Cyrus Brant home, built a cabin, returned to Indiana for his family, but on coming back found his claim jumped. He then located where he resided up to his death, in August, 1885. Alexander Kissinger, deceased, son of David and Mary (Marks) Kissinger, was born at Martinsburg, Pa., in 1821. His father was a native of Beading, Pa., but moved to Martinsburg in 1819, where he carried on a tailoring house until his death, in 1878, in his seventy -ninth year. His mother, like his father, was of German ancestry. Alexan der Kissinger's youth Avas devoted to school and in learning the tailor's trade ; again, he taught school near Martinsburg, ancl later engaged in the tailoring business there. On February 23, 1845, he married Miss Nancy, daughter of John P. and Esther (Baker) Snare, and tAvo years after settled in this toAvnship, but in 1848 purchased property at Henry, Marshall county, 111., Avhere he folloAved his trade and dealt in real estate for six years. Beturning to this township, he purchased 160 acres on section 20; on Avhich he resided some years, when he added eighty and moved thereon, where he made his home until his death, October 18, 1880. Of his twelve children, eleven are living : Luema, who married Robert Woods, deceased ; Charlotte, Avife of William Hol gate; Arthur S., residing in Osceola; Josephine A., Mrs. John Draw yer, of Osceola; Frank; Ella V.; James E. ; William A., all of this county; Ida B., wife of Leslie Foster, of Osceola: Jennie L. ; Albert D., and Lena L. residing at home. Mr. Kissinger was a Democrat, but in later years accepted the principles of Greenbackism. In church affairs he was undenominational yet very liberal, and in toAvnship matters always earnest, filling seA'eral offices as well as being identified with school interests here. His Avidow resides on the old homestead Avith three of her daughters ancl tAvo of her sons. Thomas Leadley, who came to the United States in 1835 and to Illinois a few years later,, moved to Iowa in 1852; died June 1, 1882, aged sixty-nine years. He came here to find his brother and sister. The former died in 1878, the latter in the spring of 1882; not finding them he died himself, in Penn toAvnship. "Auntie 2IcLaughlin" died at Elmwood, September 21, 1886, aged eighty-three years, and Avas buried at Camp Grove. Her husband died near Castleton, some years ago, when she moved to Wyoming, and thence to ElmAvood in 1883. James McNulty died at his home, three miles south of Bradford, June 29, 1886. George W. Miller died at Peabody, Kan., March 29, 1885. He moved to Kansas in 1880. OF PENtf TOWNSHIP. 635 Warren Pettit, died May 4, 1886, aged seventy-four years. Virgil Pike, who died May 28, 1879; aged seventy-eight years, came from Pennsylvania, in 1837 and located on what Avas afterAvards the village of Dorrance, AA'here he resided until his removal to Bradford, shortly prior to his death. Charles llenry Perkins, born at Ottawa, 111., August 4, 1851, is the son of William G. ancl Elizabeth (Lyle) Perkins, both natives of Ver mont, references to Avhom are made in this volume. Charles II. spent his boyhood clays assisting on his father's farm, attending school, or Avorking in the Perkins coal mine at Osceola. In March, 1872, he visited California, remained one year there freighting and operating a threshing machine. Beturning, he was married February 21, 1S73, to Miss Mary J., daughter of Samuel ancl Julia A. (DraAvyer) Brees, Avhose history appears in the chapter on Toulon tOAvnship. After this marriage, he engaged in agriculture, ancl during the av inters carried on coal mining. From his boyhood he has been engaged in operating threshing machines, and for the last five years has OAvned and operated a steam thresher, the first introduced into Benn toAvnship. To Mr. and Mrs. Perkins four ohildren were born : Sarah J., December 26, 1874; Lulu J., November 3, 1877; Effie E., July 28, 1882, ancl Henry O, the youngest. In politics he is decidedly Republican, ancl in re ligious affairs as decidedly tolerant. Physically, he is above the average man, and his poAvers of endurance ancl ability to Avork have suggested the new proverb, " lie has done about as much as Perkins." . Wm. Ryan, born in Tipperary county, Ireland, in 1818; came to the United States in 1847; settled near Camp Grove in 1854; died June 19, 1880. Henry and Elizabeth (Sharer) Seely, the former born in York State, the latter a, natiA'e of Indiana, Avere married in Indiana. They Avere the parents of seA'en children, two of Avhom are living: John" Seely, born in Stark county, 111., March 1, 1836, and Lydia A., Avife of Zara Barnett, hoav of Nebraska. On the death of this lady, he married Harriet A. Boardman, and on her death married Almira C. Smith, by Avhom he had three children, namely : William H, a resident of Brad ford ; Rose E., ancl Sophia, living Avith mother at Bradford. Henry Seely Avas engaged as a farmer in Indiana until his removal to this State, as told in the general history. Lie entered 320 acres of land on sections twenty-seven and tAventy-eight, Penn. When he first com menced farming his nearest neighbors Avere eight miles aAvay, he being the first settler in Osceola toAvnship. He at one time Avas the only stock dealer in the toAvnship. Lie OAvned the land on Avhich the grove stands, knoAvn as " Seely's Point." In political matters he Avas a Bepub lican, and held several offices ; Avas a member of the Methodist church until he died in March, 1876. William S. Smith, born in Pennsylvania, February 19, 1829, is the son of Peter ancl Margaret (Searls) Smith, natives of that State, of German origin. They were the parents of eight children, of Avhom are' living : Catherine,"Mrs. AndreAv Adams, of this toAvnship ; Mary A ., AvidoAv of Silas Bunnell, of Bureau county ; Charity, Mrs. George Albright, of Livingston county ; Wm. S., of this toAvnship, and Joseph, 636 BIOGRAPHY AND , REMINISCENCES married, residing in Bureau county, all in Illinois today. The father of this family moved to Bureau county, 111., April 10, 1852; purchased land there, and Avas engaged in agriculture until his death in 1860. William S. Smith received a practical education on the farm and in the schools of his district. From the age of eighteen to the close of his tAventy-first year he served an apprenticeship to the blacksmith's trade, but on moving Avith his father in 1852 he aided him in improA'- ing his Bureau county farm ; subsequently he vrorked at his trade there until September 17, 1861, when he enlisted in Company B, Fifty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry, serving steadily with that command until September, 1864. In the spring of 1865 he married Miss Elizabeth D., daughter of Thomas and Elvina Cole, natives of Virginia, but early settlers of Illinois, Avhere their daughter was born. After this marriage he moved to Wisconsin ; in tAvo years returned to Bureau county, and four years after settled at Castleton, being engaged at his trade all the time, and since coming here in blacksmithing and manufacturing. Their children are : William S., a telegraph operator on C. I. B. B. in Knox county ; Edith M., Mrs. Walter Eagelston, Keokuk, Ia. ; Lillian M., Bose JE., Katie S., ancl LaAvrence E., pupils of the Castleton schools. Mr. Smith is a member of Dickerson Post, No. 90, G. A. B. ; a member of the I. 0. G. T. Lodge at Castleton, and botli he and Mrs. Smith are members of the M. P. church. John Snare, son of John P. and Esther (Baker) Snare, Avas born at the old home in Pennsylvania, January 5, 1828, in 1847 came to Illi nois ancl located in Penn township. His first land purchase Avas made on section 12, Toulon, of 200 acres. On March 4, 1854, he married Miss Maria T. Holgate, daughter of Judge Holgate, (whose history is given in this chapter), and to them five children Avere born, of whom three are living, Wilclen P., married, residing in Toulon toAvnship ; Wilna P., wife of Watt P. Mansker, now of Kansas, and Wilbur P., married, residing in Penn toAvnship. Since his marriage Mr. Snare has added 400 acres to his original purchase, aggregating 600 acres in Toulon ancl Penn townships. He has always been a true Republican, a part of the time an unconditional Abolitionist. Lie Avas elected justice of the peace for Penn township, but moving to Toulon, did not hold this office, ancl Avas supervisor of Penn. Religiously, he is one of the old members of the Methodist Protestant church, and in school Avork, an earnest friend of the system and conscientious official of his district for years. A reference to the history of Nathan Snare, given in the chapter on Toulon, contains much of the history of the family in this county. James Snare, son of John P. ancl Esther (Baker) Snare, Avas born in Huntingdon county, Pa., July 7, 1827. Lie attended school and Avorked on the home farm until thirteen years of age, Avhen he Avas indentured to a tailor, who did not at all suit the young aspirant for this trade, so that he Avas transferred to the shop of J. M. Cline, also a tailor combined Avith the calling of a Dutch Winebrenarian preacher. For two years he labored Avith this man, when he entered the employ of John P. Gable, a tailor and Methodist class leader. Subsequently he Avorked at his trade at Newburg, purchased an interest in the Kis- OF PENN TOWNSHIP. 637 singer tailor shop, which he held about four years. He married Miss Rebecca, daughter of Amos and Alley (Baker) Clark, November 13, 1845. Her parents were natives of Pennsylvania. Her mother was daughter of Captain John Baker of the War of 1812, Avho as a private soldier led a forlorn hope against the English, Avhich resulted in the victory for the patriots. For this deed of A'alor he Avas commissioned on the field. Mr. Snare continued at the trade after marriage, ancl also sold goods on commission. For years he was connected with the state militia, held tAvo commissions as First Lieutenant from Governor Johnson of Pennsylvania. Besigning his lieutenancy in the fall of 1852 and selling his business interests, he migrated to this township, Eurchased sixty acres on section 18, Avhere he resided five years, when e traded his home ancl tract for his brother's property, and in 1860 moved to his neAV farm of 118 acres on section 7, to which he has since added 197 acres, giving a total acreage of 315. In connection Avith his large farm ancl stock interests he also carries on the auctioneer's busi ness. Of eight children born to Mr. ancl Mrs. Snare, six are living: Millie J., aa'icIoav of George McClyment, iioav residing at Wyoming; Martha L., Mrs. Thomas Dryden, of West Jersey ; John Charles Fremont, married, resident of Buffalo county, Neb.; Lincoln O, Jesse and James, residing Avith parents. Mr. Snare's first vote Avas cast for Fremont. In 1859 he was elected justice of the peace and holds the office doAvn to the present. In 1886 he AA'as elected supervisor, has served as school trustee of Penn, also collector. For over forty-six years he has been a member of the Methodist Protestant church, of Avhich his Avife is also a member. During the Avar he belonged to the Union League. At the breaking out of the rebellion he helped to raise a company ancl was elected Captain. But as more companies Avere offered than could be received, the members of this company Avent off and joined other companies that AA'ere received. For over thirty-four years he has played a complete part in the drama of Stark's progress. R. S. Snare, born in Huntingdon county, Pa., January 27, '47, is the son of John P. ancl Mrs. Nancy (Gharrett-Kurfman) Snare, both natives of that State, as related in the history of the Snare family in the chap ter on Toulon. Mrs. Snare is the daughter of David ami Susan (Bar nett) Kurfman, whose ancestors came from Germany to Pennsyh'ania, Avhere they Avere born. R. S. Snare came to Penn township with the family in '47, Avas raised and educated here, ancl during his whole life, with the exception of four years, has been identified Avith the agricultural ancl stock interests of the county. His first land purchase was fifty-four acres on section eighteen, ancl forty acres on section tAventy-four. His mar riage with Miss Margaret A. Crum Avas celebrated September 19, '73. This lady is a daughter of Samuel Crum, Avhose family history is given in this chapter. To this marriage two children were born, one of Avhom only is living. In '78 the family moved to Jefferson county, Colorado, where for three years he Avas engaged in agriculture, and for one year traveled, in company Avith his wife, through that country, vis iting every point of interest, if not every settlement then existing there. While there he served as director of schools, and gave the name 638 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES — Rockland — to district tAventy-three of Jefferson county. In this township he has also served as director of schools. Politically he has ahvays been a Republican, and in religious affairs a supporter of the Methodist Protestant Church at Snareville. Edward Somers, son of EdAvard ancl Margaret (Standring) Somers, Avas born at Philadelphia, August 12, 1834. His father was German ancl his mother English. The former AA'as a dyer and folloAved his trade at Philadelphia until his death, Avhere his Avife also died a feAv years after him, having filled the position of head-matron in a hospital there for a number of years. Echvard, jr., passed his early years in a factory, Avhen not attending school. From '56 to '58 he was engaged in agriculture in Clearfield county, Pa , ancl in August, '58 he moved to Illinois, set tled in this toAvnship and engaged in farming ancl stock-growing. On September 6, '61, he enlisted in Company K, Forty-seventh Illinois, at Peoria. He Avas Avounded at Corinth, October 2, '62, but the moment he felt ready to resume active service reported for duty and shared the fortunes of the command until August 27, '63, Avhen be Avas honorably discharged on account of wounds. On June 11, '66, he married Miss Elizabeth A., daughter of Levi T. and Ann (Johnson) Ellis, natives of Virginia, where their daughter AA'as born, November 21, '38. This lady died March 16, '76, leaving to her husband's care their six children: Mary E., born June 10, '67; Levi E., a farmer of Clay county, Neb.; George E., James, William li. and Elizabeth A., born March 16, '76. Mr. Smith married Mrs. Mary (Fletcher) Henderson, May 2, '77, After his first marriage he superintended his grain and stock-groAving interests, being unable himself to labor. Lie is Republican in politics, is a member of James Jackson Post, Elmira ; assisted in the organiza tion of Jackson Post, is a supporter of the Methodist church, and alto gether is said to be a man of excellent parts. Elisabeth Sturm died here in November, 1886, in her seventy-eighth year. She was born in Clermont county, 0.; married to Henry S. Sturm in 1831; emigrated from Ohio in 1835 ancl settled in Osceola Grove, Avhere she lived until recently. Her husband, died about nine years ago. She leaves live children, fifty-one grandchildren, ancl thirty- nine great-grandchildren. 2licagy Swiger died February 9, 1886, in his sixty-fourth year. He came from Ohio in 1841 to Peoria county, ancl thence moved to Stark. William, II Wliitten was born December 25, 1819, in the city of NeAV York, of English parents. His father died before he had any knoAvledge of him ; his mother died in the fall of 1824, leaving two children of which he Avas the youngest ; his sister died in 1844 or '45, the last ancl only relative he knew of in the world; she left two children, the youngest died at the age of three years, the other, Frederic Ike Leaycrof't, lived Avith him until he Avas twenty - two years old, when he enlisted in the One Hundred ancl Twenty- fourth Regiment, Illinois Infantry, ancl serA'ed during the Avar and was honorably discharged ; he (Frederic) is now living in Kansas. In the month of November, 1829, the subject of this sketch Avas indentured as an apprentice by the commissioners of the almshouse of the city of NeAV York, to Thomas Elliott, a farmer OF PENN TOWNSHIP. 639 of MiddletoAvn, Delaware county, N. Y., to learn the art, trade ancl mystery of a farmer. At the age of eighteen his master died, and he still remained with the family until March, 1841, and got an honorable discharge. In 1844 he married Miss Nancy, daughter of Peter and Sarah Weaver, of DelaAvare county, N. Y., engaged in farming there until 1854, when he settled at Pleasant Grove, Osceola toAvnship, pur chasing eighty acres on section 34, where he engaged in grain ancl stock-growing. In the spring of 1860 he joined the Pikes' Peak stampede, traveling from March 22 to May 7 overland. There he Avorked in the gold mines, also prospected, all with such success that the $23 he started out Avith increased to $27 on his return home in NoA'ember, 1860. In 1865 he sold his Osceola farm and purchased 160 acres on section 3, Penn. In February, 1868, his first AA'ife died and in November of that year, he married Mrs. Ellen Philhower, daughter of William and Sarah Schuyler, nath'es of NeAV Jersey. To them four children were born: Ira J., Charles W., John H, and Fred. A., all residing here or in attendance on school at Bradford. In politics Mr. Whitten is Bepublican. For six years he has served as justice of peace, Avas road commissioner for a number of years and also school director. He Avas formerly a member of the old Free Will Baptist church, but noAv supports the Methodist church of AA'hich his Avife and some of his children are members. ThefiA'e children of Mrs. Philhower are : Ann, Avife of Beuben Bedding, of Nebraska; George, of Springfield, 111.; Sarah, AA'ife of Henry Wm. Budine, of Henry, HI. ; Jennie, residing here, and Peter, a resident of Bureau countv, 111. C. Wilson, father of Bev. G. T. Wilson', of the M. E. church, died in April, 1883, aged seventy years. He came to Illinois from Ohio over sixty eight years ago. Lydia White, wife of Henry White, died at Snareville, January 30, 1880, aged sixty-four ancl one-half years. She was born in Pennsyl vania in 1815, married in 1832; ancl came Avith her husband to Stark county in 1836. Abram Zimm, aged seventy-eight years, died October 20, 1878. In the pages devoted to personal reminiscences and biography, much of the unwritten history of the toAvnship finds a place and also many of the leading families an authentic record. rr^> CHAPTER XXII. VALLEY TOWNSHIP. HE toAvnship received its name in 1853 from the commis sioners appointed to divide the county into toAvnships, under the laAV of 1851. The prairie character of the soil, ancl its location, at the foot of the highest divide ill the State, sug gested the name " Valley." The streams credited to this township in the topography of the county form at once a water-supply ancl drainage system. Unlike a regulation prairie tract, deep Avells afford a never-failing supply of ex cellent water, and this, in connection with a most fertile soil, tend to render Valley one of the finest agricultural toAvns in Illinois. Throughout the tOAvnship evidences of thrift ancl industry are manifest, and it is said that of the 986 persons claimed by the census of the toAvnship in 1880, not over forty had the time or inclination to indulge in those crimes Avhich lead the evil-doers before the police justice, justice of the peace, or circuit judge, ancl this m a toAvnship inhabited by people of seA'eral nationalities. The original entries of lands in township 12, north, range 7, east, Avith the names of the present owners, are given as follows : Charles Gibhard, n. e. qr., sec. 1 ; June 3, 1818. David Hickey. Linus Gilbert, n.w. qr., sec. 1 ; Aug. 12, 1850. Anthony Ryan. Samuel D. Sterns, s. w. qr. and s. e. qr., sec. 1 ; Dec. 6, 1817. Julius Barnes, s. 80, W. McConnell, n. 80, s. av. qr., Asahel Wilmot, s. e. qr., sec. 1. John T. Eagelston, n. e. qr., sec. 2; June 21, 1851. Bernard Colgan. Laurence Harman, n. av. qr. , sec. 2; Nov. 21, 1850. John Kelly, n. 80; F. Beall, s. 80, n. av. qr. Thomas Edwards, s. av. qr., sec. 2; Nov. 5, 1817. Thomas Beall. Justus Cobb, s. e. qr see., 2 ; Nov. 5, 1817. John Kelly. John T. Eagelston, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 3; June 21, 1851. W. Atkinson, e. 80, T. Beall, w. 80, n. e. qr. Edwin Hutchinson, w. hf., n. e. qr., sec. 3; March 15, 1837. Edwin Hutchinson, n. av. qr., sec. 3 ; March 15, 1837. W. Atkinson, e. 80, Jane Atkinson, av. 80, n. av. qr. Joseph McCord, s. w. qr., sec. 3; Feb. 16, 1818. Anthony Ryan, s. av. qr. John Thornburg, s. e. qr., sec. 3; Feb. 16, 1818. Thomas Beall, s. e. qr. Edwin Hutchinson, n. e. qr., see. 4; March 15, 1837. George W. Duryea. James M. and Edward Colburn, n. w. qr., sec. 4; Feb. 6, 1850. H. M. Rogers est. Charles Young, s. w. qr., sec. 4; Oct. 6, 1817. John Bateman. John Vinchane, s. e. qr., see. 4; Oct. 6, 1817. Anthony Ryan, e. M.; P. Ryan, av. hf . , s. e. qr. ffm. C. Cummings, n. e. qr., see. 5; Sept. 12, 1836. "W. W. Jarneau, n. 85; J. M. Rogers, s. 77. A. Russell and D. SalTord, n. av. qr., sec 5.; June 4, 1836. Gharret H. Voorhees. Welcome Butterworth, s. e. qr. ands. av. qr.,sec. 5; Jan. 28, 1818. S . AArrigley, s. w. 80; J. McGinn, 80, s. av. qr.; ,T. T. Rogers, 156 acres; J. M. Rogers, 4, s. e. qr. A. Russell and D. Safford, n. e. qr., sec. 6; June 4, 1836. Gharret H. Voorhees. Titus Hutchinson, Jr., n. av. qr., sec. 6; Aug. 12, 1836. Andrew Shearer. 640 VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 641 James Sawyer, s. w. qr., sec. 6; June 10, 1818. Samuel "Wrigley, s. 80; A. Shearer, n. 80. John Sargent, s. e. qr., sec. 6; June 10, 1818. Samuel Wrigley. Isaac Paulding, n. e. qr., sec. 7; May 9, 1818. B. A. Crone. Charles Pope, Jr., s. w. and n. w. qr., sec. 7; Nov. 4, 1836. Richard Kerns, 40; B. A. Crone, 82; and Geo. Pail, 38 in n. w. qr. Samuel P. Stegner, s. e. qr., sec. 7; May 9, 1818. Michael Colgan, s. av. and s. e. qr. Nehemiah Wood, n. e. qr., sec. 8; March 3, 1818. Edwin Snare, n. e. qr. Hugh Robb, n. w. qr., sec. 8; March 3, 1818. B. A. Crone, 120; W. Saxton, 40, n.w. qr. JohnErskine, s. w. qr., sec. 8: Dec. 27, 1817. M. Colgan, s. w. qr. Isaac Childs, s. e. qr., sec. 8; Dec. 27, 1817. Harlow Brown, e. 80; M. Duffy, w. 80, s. e. qr. William Herrald, n. e. qr., sec. 9; Oct. 18, 1817. Perry Stancliff, e. 80; H. M. Rogers, w. 80. William W. Sickles, n. w. qr., sec. 9 ; Oct. 6, 1817. A. J. Traphagan, 150; T. Col gan, 10 n. w. qr. Richard Horton, s. w. qr., sec. 9 ; Jan. 5, 1818. Thomas Colgan. Nicholas Van Steyke, s. e. qr., sec. 9 ; Jan. 15, 1818. Patrick Moran, n. 80; John Ryan, s. 80. John Vanderbeck, n. e. qr., sec. 10 ; Nov. 10, 1817. Philip Welsh, n. 60; Thomas Gerry, s. 100. Benjamin Fall, n. w. qr., sec. 10 ; Nov. 10, 1817. John Dexter. Caleb Johnson, s. w. qr., sec. 10; Dec. 3, 1817. P. Colgan, n. 80; J. A. Colgan, s. 80. Leverett Richardson, s. e. qr., sec. 10; Dec. 3, 1817. John A. Colgan. John Green, n. av. and n. e. qrs., see. 11 ; May 6, 1818. Carl Stagg, n. e. qr. and Henry Wingert, n. w. qr. David Page, s. w. qr., sec. 11 ; Nov. 23, 1818. J. A. Colgan, e. 80; John Kelly, w. 80. Edward Wyman, s. e. qr., sec. 11 ; Nov. 23, 1818. Julius Barnes. John Pritchard, n. e. qr., sec. 12 ; Aug. 13, 1818. Andrew Cain, e. 80; Thos. Ryan, w. 80. William Heath, n. w. qr., sec. 12 ; Dec. 22, 1818. Julius Barnes, Thomas H. Parker, s. e. and s. w. qrs., sec. 12; Oct. 6, 1817. Robert Fennell, s. w. and s. e. qrs. Thompson White, n. e. qr., sec. 13 ; July 11, 1818. David Shearer. Robert Brown, n. w. qr. , sec. 13 ; July 11, 1818. Patrick Cain. Philip Clarke, s w. qr., sec. 13 ; Oct. 6, 1817. Patrick Cain. Robert Cockles, s. e. qr., sec. 13 ; Oct. 6, 1817, Denis Ryan, e. 80; R. O. Caldwell, w. 80. John Coffey, n. e. qr., sec. 14 ; Dec. 8, 1817. William Gill, e. 80; Mrs. Green, w. 80. Charles Kitchen, n. w. qr., sec. 14 ; Dec. 8, 1817. John A. Colgan, n. 80; Thomas Fox, s. 80. Oliphant Coleman, s. w. qr., sec. 14; Oct. 6, 1817 James L. Dawson. Zerah Call, s. e. qr., sec. 14 ; Oct. 6, 1817. P. Colgan, e. 80; T. Colgan, av. 80. John O'Neil, n. e. qr., sec. 15; April 9, 1818. Edward Weston. John O'Neil, n. av. qr. , sec. 15 ; April 9, 1818. John Dexter. ¦ , James Briggs, s. av. qr. , sec. 15 ; Oct. 6, 1817. , Thomas Beall. LodoAvick Blackley, s. e. qr., sec. 15 ; Oct. 6, 1817. Thomas Wickham. Richard Schofield, lot 1, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 16 ; Nov. 3, 1851. W. Dwyer, Edward Colgan, John Duckworth, Edward Gaffeney, Daniel Stancliff and Thomas Mernan are the present owners of school section ;. E. Colgan having 241 acres, the others 80-acre tracts on sec. 16 Jacob Schofield, lot 2, w. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 16 ; Nov. 3, 1851. John Wholenstenholme, lot 3, e. hf. n. av. qr., sec. 16; Nov. 3, 1851. Andrew Dawson, lot 4, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 16 ; Nov. 3, 1851. James Jackson, lot 6, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 16 ; Nov/ 3, 1851. Andrew Dawson, lot 5, w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 16 ; .Nov. 3, 1851. Keller Strass and Peter Fries, lot 8, e. hf . s. e. qr., sec. 16 ; Nov. 3, 1851. James Jackson, lot 7, w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 16 ; Nov. 3, 1851. George Armstrong, n. e. qr., sec. 17; Dec. 9, 1817. John Duckworth, 60; Pat. Cain, 140; John Jordan, 280; Homer Marlatt, 80; Wm. Marlatt, 80, on sec. 17. Hampton Owens, n. w. qr., sec. 17; Dec. 9, 1817. 38 642 HISTOET OF STAKE COUNTY. John Thompson, s. w. qr., sec. 17; Jan. 24, 1818. John Concannon, s. e. qr., sec. 17; Jan. 24, 1818. Pleasant Meredith, n. e. qr., sec. 18; Nov. 29, 1817. Ann Gorman and Andrew Simmerman, onn. e. qr.; Thomas Faulconer, n. w. qr.; A. Simmerman, 28%; Alfred Castle, 133^, on s. av . qr., and Andrew Simmerman, s. e. qr.. sec. 18. James Beardwine, n. w. qr., sec. 18; Nov. 29, 1817. Peter Rotis, s. w. qr., sec. 18; Jan. 29, 1818. Isaac Ackerman, s. e. qr., sec. 18; Jan. 29, 1818. John Bingham, n. e. and n. w. qr., sec. 19; May 16, 1818. Alonzo Kingsley and Richard Parker, on n. e. qr. ; Robert Kingsley and Abby Murphy, on n. w. qr. ; Rob ert Jordan, s. w. qr.; Wm. Dunn, s. e. qr., sec. 19. N. Collins, s. w. qr., sec. 19; April 17, 1818. B. R. Meredith, s. e. qr., sec. 19; April 17, 1818. Daniel Burnis, n. e. qr., sec. 20; Aug. 20, 1818. M. Marlatt, 80; G. Marlatt, 80, n. e. qr.; John Jordan, 80; H. Hampson est., 80, n. w. qr.; H. Hampson, s. w. qr.; Thomas Heagney, s. e. qr., sec. 20. Wm. Dillon, n. w. qr., sec. 20; Aug. 20, 1818. Philip Kiniston, s. w. qr., sec. 20; March 24, 1818. Nathaniel White, s. e. qr., sec. 20; March 24, 1818. William Walker, n. e. qr., sec. 21; April 25, 1851. John Ryan and Peter Carroll, n. e. qr. John Booth, n. w. qr., sec. 21; Nov. 29, 1817, Ellen Welsh, J. Wall, E. Gaf- feny, n. w. qr. Gerard Gibson, s. w. qr., sec. 21; Nov. 29, 1817. Wm. Down est. JohnL. Griswold, s. e. qr., sec. 21; Aug. 27, 1851. John Dexter. .David Durand, n. e, qr., sec. 22; Oct. 6, 1817. Jacob Shulaw, n. e. qr. John L. Griswold, s. w. qr. and n. w. qr., sec. 22; Aug. 27, 1851. Michael Ryan, n. w. qr.; J. L. Griswold, s. w. qr. Thomas Guerin, s. e. qr., sec. 22; Oct. 6, 1817. Thomas Beall, n. 80; E. H. Mal lory, s. 80. Charles Tabonr, n. e. qr., sec. 23; March 24, 1818. C. P. Stisser, 160; P. Cart- ney, 80; Thomas Wickham, 80; J. L. Dawson, 80; John Melcrist, 80; C. P. Stisser, s. e. 160, sec. 23. John Andrews, n. w. qr., sec. 23; March 24, 1818. Isaac Garritt, s. w. qr., sec. 23; Nov. 29, 1817. Nathan Hall, s. e. qr.,sec. 23; Nov. 29, 1817. Wm. McGlynn, n. e. qr., sec. 24; Nov. 25, 1817. John Flynn, n. e. qr.; J. L. Dawson, n. 80; T. Butler, s. 80; John Heinz, s. w. qr.; F. Leibelle, e. 80; Charles Sagger, w. 80, s. e. qr., sec. 24. Wm. T. Graves, n. w. qr., sec. 24; Nov. 25, 1817. Owen Riley, s. w. qr., sec. 24; July 13, 1818. Charles Curran, s. e. qr., sec. 24; July 13, 1818. Joseph Yates, n. e. qr., sec. 25; Nov. 29, 1817. A. J. Speers, 120; John Speers, 355; A. Ghert, 5; M. Hinman, 80; S. Pinkney, 80. Thomas Carty, n. w. qr., sec. 25; Nov. 29, 1817. James Sprout, s. w. qr., sec. 25; April 13, 1818. Samuel Adams, s. e. qr., sec. 25; April 13, 1818. Frederick Cook, n. e. qr., sec. 26; Nov. 29, 1817. George Groner. Benjamin Tarr, n. w. qr., sec. 26; Nov. 29, 1817. Jacob Wilson. Frank Lowder, s. w. qr., sec. 26; Jan. 5, 1818. John Schanck. John McCormack, s. e. qr., sec. 26; Jan. 19, 1818. Ambrose Ghert. Ichabod Colby, n. e. qr., sec. 27; Feb. 4, 1818. D. Joh est. 80; J. Wilson, 80, n. e. qr. JohnL. Griswold, n. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 27; Aug. 27, 1851. T. Heagany, n. 80 of n. w. qr. ; George Jackson, John Powers, James L. Dawson (90), John Powers and William Petersen (100), owners lots 1 to 7 inclusive, of remainder of section. James Jackson, s. hf. n. av. qr., sec. 27; Aug. 10, 1850. Thomas Harris, s. w. qr., sec. 27; Sept. 9, 1818. Conrad Mandall, s. e. qr., sec. 27; September 9, 1818. John L. Griswold, n. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 28; Aug. 27, 1851. John Dexter. James Jackson, s. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 28; Aug. 10, 1850. William Blackwell.- John S. Peterson, n. w. qr., sec. 28; Sept. 7, 1849. C. and H. Blood, e. 80. A. W. Hendricks, w. 70. Clement C. Minor, s. w, qr,, sec, 28; May 8, 1818. Charles Blood, e. 80; Henry Blood, w. 80. VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 643 Carlton A. Fox, s. e. qr., sec. 28; Feb. 24, 1849. William Blackwell, e. 100; Eliza Ferbrache, w. 60. David Guthrie, n. e. qr., sec. 29; Feb. 25, 1818. H. Blood, e. 80; C. Hampson, w. 80. David Bringman, n. w. qr., sec. 29; Jan. 30, 1818. W. N. Dewhurst, s. 60; Han nah Kingsley, n. 100. Francis Dudley, s. av. qr., sec. 29; Nov. 29,1817. W.N. Dewhurst, 40; A. Kingsley, 40, and John Morriss}', w. 80, s. w. qr. Moses Hamphill, s. e. qr., sec. 29; Oct. 28, 1817. George R. Jackson, s. e. qr. A. Waistcoat, n. e. qr., see. 30; Dec. 27, 1817. Percy Jackson, 80; J. L. Daw son, 123X Hull est., 29; C. N. Hull, D. Martin, Erastus Morrow, George L. Jackson, J. L. Dawson, C. T. Newell, J. N. Brown, Joe Anderson, John X. Berg, C. P. Stis ser, Nathan and George Eby, William Dawson, Sr. ; M . Smith, W. F. Speers, and Percy Jackson, are also the owners of lots on sec. 30, all on this section. J. Archibald, n. w. qr., sec. 30; Dec. 27, 1817. Joseph Sulliman, e. hf. s. av. qr., sec. 30; Nov. 28, 1836. Joseph Sulliman, av. hf. s. w. qr., see. 30; April 19, 1837. B. S. Snyder, s. e. qr., sec. 30, April 23, 1818. Daniel Palmer, n. e. qr., sec 31, Jan. 1, 1818. Michael Gabheart, n. w. qr., sec. 31; Jan. 7, 1818. Henry Emery, s. w. qr., sec. 31; March 31, 1849. P. Chase est., 139; C. P. Stis ser, 160; B. Germain, 79; J. Friedman, 82; Anna K. Chase, 78%; H. Whitehouse, 40, and W. B. Kackley, 38% acres on sec. 31. John Ayler, s. e. qr., sec. 31; Dec. 31, 1817. Samuel Chatterton, n. e. qr., sec. 32; Jan. 1, 1818. W. F. Speers. Silas Beverstock, n. av. qr , sec. 32; Jan. 1, 1818. John Morrissy. John Lackey, s. av. qr., sec. 32; Dec. 13, 1817. W. Cunningham and O. Aldrich. Calvin Hoit, s. e. qr., sec. 32; Dec. 13, 1817. John Morrissy and James Long. Wm. Martland, n. e. qr., sec. 33; April 3, 1818. W Dickerson, 80; D. Hodges, 80. Horton Wood, n. w. qr., sec. 33; April 3, 1818. O. Dewey, 66%; P. Blood, 93%. Wm. Hearn, s. w. qr., sec. 33; August 11, 1818. C. Dewey, 33%; P. Blood, 46%, D. Hodges, 30; James Harker, 50. Aaron Turner, s. e. qr., sec. 33; August 11, 1818. David Hodges, 160. Daniel Woolford, n. e. qr., sec. 34; Dec. 10, 1818. B. F.Burbanks. Peter Holloway, n. w. qr., sec. 34; Dec. 10, 1818. W. Peterson, 60; J. Melchrist, 100. Isaac Smith, s. w. qr., sec. 34; Dec. 8, 1818. Perry Burdick. Wm. Tapp, s. e. qr., sec. 34; August 7, 1818. Lewis Streetmather . Putnam Conouss, n. e. qr., sec. 35; Feb. 9, 1818. Michael Ghert, 80; Am. Ghert, 80, n. e. Ahaz Cook, n. w. qr., sec. 35; Feb. 9, 1818. Michael Ghert, 160, n. w.; Michael Ghert, 160 s. e. ' James H. Rowland, s. e. qr. ands. w. qr., sec. 35; Oct. 6, 1817. A. Ghert, 80, e.; Streetmather, 80, s. w. Moses Davis, n. e. qr., sec, 36; Nov. 29, 1817. S. Pinkney, 20;L. Kittridge, 140, n. e. qr. Luke Barton, n. w. qr., sec. 36; Nov. 29, 1817. John Speers, n. w. 160. ZebaParmely, s. w. and s. e. qr., sec. 36; July 29, 1818. R. Green, w. 100; N. Brimmer, e. 60, s. w.; R. Green, e. 105; N. Brimmer, w. 50; and E. W. Dodge, s. e. cor. 5, s. e. qr. The toAvnship Avas organized for school purposes in 1847, and on July 17, five voters assembled at David Bouse's house ancl elected David Bouse, William Cummings ancl Z. G-. Bliss, trustees. At this time there were only nine families, comprising forty-one children, in the toAvnship. In 1S51, tAventy-three of the tAventy-seven voters then in the toAvnship petitioned for the sale of the school section, AA'hich AA'as granted. On January 21, 1856 the trustees organized by appointing Charles S. Bayne, president; W. D. McDonald, treasurer; J. S. Hop kins, secretary, ancl Wesley King. In March, 1856, the large districts were subdivided into six' school districts, each tAvo by three miles. Briorto this the school of district No. 2 Avas taught by B. A. Ferbrache. 644 HISTORY OF STAEK COUNTY. In district No 1, Ithamer Daybault taught. At this time the house in district No. 3 was erected, and in April the house in district No. 2 re moved. In August, 1856, James M. Bogers Avas appointed treasurer. In April, 1858, John Schanck succeeded C. S. Bayne as president, J. M. Bogers was continued as treasurer, and J. Hopkins, member of the board. In October, 1859, the names of John Speers, John Schanck, and S. Dixon. In April, 1862, Messrs. Schanck, Beal and Nicholas formed the board, the first.named being still president, James M. Bogers acting as treasurer and clerk. In April, 1864, B, S. Kilgore and Peter V. Van Patten petitioned for the formation of t\vo neAv districts. James M. Bogers served up to 1 867, Avhen he was succeeded by Charles S. Blood. In 1870 the name of Hinman appears as trustee, with W. M. Speers, Schanck and Blood. In 1872 Henry F. Blood's name appears as trustee. In 1873 the trustees were J. M. Bogers, II. F. Blood and Henry Duckworth, Charles S. Blood still serving as clerk. On March 10, 1874, the present treasurer, Samuel Wrigley,' Avas appointed and served uninterruptedly since that date. In October the names of John Graves, W. Down, ancl H. Duckworth, Avith Mr. Wrigley, formed the board. In October, 1875, John L. DaAvson was elected vice Graves, and in 1876, G. W. Duryea was chosen trustee vice DuckAvorth. In 1877 W. Down, J. L. DaAvson, and G. W. Duryea formed the board, Avith Samuel Wrigley, clerk. In 1878 Messrs. Duryea, William F. Speers and Eri H. Mallary. They Avith Mr. Wrigley served until 1882, when D. M. Crone took a place on the board, and he as president, Avith Samuel Wrigley, treasurer, W. F. Speers and Eri H. Mallary continue to serve to the pre'sent time. In 1886 there Avere 280 males and 211 females under tAventy-one years, or 356 scholars, nine ungraded schools, 256 attending pupils, four male and thirteen female teachers, one brick and eight frame school houses; district tax $2,929; value of property, $5,660; three illiterates; total receipts, $5,192.01; amount paid to male teachers, $1,765.55; to female teachers, $2,256,36 ; expended, $2,597.69 ; fund invested, $843.66. Samuel Wrigley Avas serving as secretary and treasurer. Officials. — In pioneer days, this district was a part of Spoon Biver Precinct. The first toAvn meeting, under the laAv of 1851, was held on the 4th day of April, 1853, at the brick schoolhouse in what now is school district No. 7. Z. G. Bliss was chosen chairman ancl James H. Hath way clerk of said meeting. Charles C. Wilson (now Judge Wil son, of Henry county) AA'as chosen supervisor, George Marlatt, toAvn clerk (the Marlatts still reside here) ; J. S. Hopkins, assessor ; Harry Hull, collector; Paul Bouse, jr., o\'erseer of the -poor; E. C. Stowed, Joseph Eby, James M. Bogers, commissioners of highways; David Bouse, overseer of roads ; P. Chase, Z. G. Bliss ancl D. Whifnn, a com mittee to divide the toAvn into three road districts. The supervisors of the toAvnship have been : '53-4, Charles C. Wilson; '55, Jacob Speers; '56, Charles C. Wilson; '57-60, J. S. Hopkins; '60, Simon Dixon, Avho died this year, Avhen Henry M. Bogers Avas elected; '63-5, James M. Bogers; '65, Nathaniel Smith; '66-8, James M. Bogers; '68, John Speers; '69-75, Henry M. Bogers; '75, John Jordan; '76, Henry M. Bogers; '77-87, Edward Colgan. VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 645 The justices of peace elected in Valley are named as follows : '54, D. D. Furbrache and J. M. Bogers ; '58, Joseph WoodAvard, Jacob Spears and J. M. Bogers; '60, Simon Dixon; '61, Joseph Woodward, T. Beall ; '65, Joseph WoodAvard, George Wier; '69, George W. Nixon, Joseph Wolf, Thomas Beall, Echvard Colgan ; '73, Echvard Colgan and Eli H. Mallary ; '77, C. F. Newell and E. Colgan ; '81, Jacob Shullow, C. T. Newell; '82, Morris Smith; '83, W. F. Speers; '85, Michael Byan, Eli H. Mallary ; '86, Erastus Morrow. William T. Ditmon was elected clerk in 1879, and still continues to fill that office most acceptably. On March 26, 1869, Valley toAvnship voted $20,000 aid to the D., P. & PI. B. B. Neighboring Settlements. — LaAvn Bidge dates its settlement back to 1845, Avhen Charles Stone made his home there. He was followed b " Deacon " Smith and Joshua BoAvell, the deacon being the first black smith. Alden Hull settled in the township about 1845, and shortly after the United Bresbyterian Church Avas organized there. In 1846 the Congregational Church of Blue Bidge Avas founded, and in 1850 the Methodists organized at the Centre. On October 5, 1864, Lawn Bidge Lodge, No. 41.5, was chartered. Close by, the lost towns of Chambersburg ancl Troy City were laid out in 1836, — the former by John T. Shepherd and Jesse J. Cox, and the latter by Sanford Klock. The AvOlf hunt of 1830 Avas organized December 25, 1830, with the Boots, Sillimans, Beddicks, Clevelands, Coopers, Holmes, Miners and Beecls leading hunters. In 1845 the great hunt Avas organized. Akron ToAvnship, of Beoria county, was first settled by Hugh Montgomery, in 1831. The same year D. Prince, James Morrow ancl Thomas Morrow settled there. In 1832 Bev. Hill, of the Methodist Episcopal circuit, preached at James Morrow's house, and four years later Mrs. Hester Stoddard taught in the first schoolhouse. In 1871 the first house of worship was erected by Seventh Day Baptists. Valley Cemetery. — In Valley cemetery are interred the folloAving well-known residents: W. DoAvn died in 1878; James Jackson, '71; Jane Hodges, '59; Margaret Jackson, '82; Lovina Ann Eby, '70; Harry Hull, '78; Sally Hull, '62; Carlton A. Fox, '72; William Mar latt, '86. A number of young people are interred, among whom are George O. Marlatt, Company E, One-hundrecl-and-tAvelfth Illinois Vol unteer Infantry, died April 8, 1864, in Libby prison; Joseph M. Mar latt, died in 1873; Lizzie Down, died in 1882; and William Down, Jr., in 1883. At Camp Grove, LaAvn Bidge, Wyoming, and other resting- places for the dead in the vicinity, many old settlers are at home, Avhile throughout the west others have found the end of life's journey. Stark Village was never platted. It greAv up spontaneously, so soon as the railroad Avas opened, as the competitor of Wady Betra for the trade of the township. The business circle is made up as follows: Joseph Anderson, grain and tile ; Simpson & Smith, general store ; William Speers, live stock and insurance ; Mrs. BothAvell, millinery ; Erastus Morrow, creamery ; Charles N. Hull, merchant ; Joseph Brown and D. Martin, blacksmiths; John Burr, shoemaker; John Brooks, res taurant ; Eric Weberg, railroad agent ; E. MorroAV, postmaster. Mr. 646 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Anderson built the first residence there some years ago. Many cot tages have since been erected, and Avith the stores, depot, grain ware house, and stores and shops named, give the hamlet a business-like ap pearance. The pensioners residing at Starkville in 1883 were William Peter son, receiving $10 per month ; Erastus Morrow and Alonzo Kingsley, $8 each ; and David Martin, $i. The neAV depot at Stark, built to replace the one recently burned, was completed in October, 1886. The Stark Congregational Aid society, organized March 3, 1885, at the little Adllage of Stark, collected $309.50, ancl expended $282 the first year. Mrs. C. T. Newell is secretary. Congregational church originated in a series of meetings Avhich from 1880 to 1885 were held in various places in the vicinity. The first effort to,organize a meeting was made by holding services in the Avarehouse of Simpson & Smith, but subsequently held in an unused cheese factory. Here a Sunday-school was started in 1883, which, in connection with regular services, continued until it was proposed to build a church. This enterprise was to be known as the Union church. Accordingly, on the evening of February 19, 1885, many citizens of Stark and vicinity met to complete arrangements. M. S. Smith presided, with W. F. Speers, secretary. A committee of five, consisting of M. S. Smith, H. Blood, W. F. Speers, Charles Hampson and L. Dixon, were elected as a financial committee. On February 21st, this committee met and elected M. S. Smith treas urer. By February 26th, $620 was subscribed, and 'April 19th a meet ing was called to consider the question of organization, at which meet ing M. S. Smith presided. A committee to call a council to organize a Congregational church, comprising H. F. Blood, M. S. Smith ancl L. E. Brown, was appointed April 28th, with M. S. Smith, chairman, and William Simpson, secretary, and a Congregational church was organ ized Avith the folloAving members holding letters from other churches : H. F. Blood, Morris S. Smith, Susan Anderson, Albert Jordan, Erilda Jordan, Louisa DeAvey, William Peterson, Mary Peterson, Eunice Blood, Kate Blood, J. M. Brown, L. E. Brown, Elizabeth Speers, nee McCoAven, and Prescott Blood, Sr. On April 29th, H. F. Blood and Morris S. Smith Avere elected deacons ; WiUiam Simpson, clerk ; Sister L. E. BroAvn, treasurer ; and Albert Jordan, trustee for one year, Pres cott Blood, Sr., for two years, and J. Anderson for three years. On May 31st, Bev. J. Mitchell, of Wyoming, was called as pastor to preach once each Sunday for the consideration of $300 per annum, and H. F. Blood, William Peterson, ancl William Simpson appointed a committee to solicit subscriptions. On September 20, 1885, the church, which in the meantime had been erected and finished at a cost of about $2,000, Avas dedicated, the sermon being preached by Bev. J. K. Tomkins of Chicago. On the day of the dedication, $334.78 was col lected to liquidate all the indebtedness of the church. From its foundation the church has continued to groAv. The names of additional members of Stark Church are as follows : Brescott Blood, Jr., Olive Blood, Arthur Hull, Geo. Thomas Garside, VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 647 James H. Garside, Fred Blood, Albert Peterson, Emory Peterson, Thomas Jackson, James Peterson, Orrin Peterson, John Garside, John Nelson, Maud Hull, Louisa Hull, Maggie Jordan, Bertha Newell, Anna Brooks, Sadie Speers, Isabel Beterson, Florence Beterson, Mary Peterson, Alice Hull, Kate Hull, Abbie Blood, Lora Simmerman, Dora Simmerman, Oran McCraAv, Edson Smith, E. A. Weiberg ; sis ters: S. Davis, E. Dawson, C. A. Merrin, Clara Marlatt, M. E. Newell, Ella Hull, Dora DeAvey, C. Stisser, S. E. Smith, Nellie M. Smith ; brothers : Jas. L. Kingsley, C. T. Newell, C. A. Forbes. Edgar Stisser, Charles Harman, Lorin Smith, J. W. Davis, E. L. MarAdn, Joseph Smith, Allan G. Smith, Otto Smith; sisters: Ella Hampson, Sarah Kalseh, Minnie Kalseh. Wady Petra. — The village of Wady Petra stands on the northeast Juarter of section 31, township 12, range 7, comprising tAventy acres. t was surveyed in 1873 by Edwin Butler for Anna K. Chase, just east of the Bock Island & Pacific Bailroad. The plat shoAvs Chase and Front streets running north and south, with Main ancl Hamilton stretching east from the depot grounds. At the time of survey an Osage orange hedge formed the northern and southern boundaries. The purchasers of lots were John Brombaugh in 1876 ; Harry A. Hammond in 1879, Henry I. Chase in 1873, Thomas B. Selders in 1876 ; Wm. F. Speers and John Freeclman in 1878; Joseph Freedman in 1882. The business circle comprises Heber Chase & Co., general merchants, railroad agents and lumber dealers, and agents for E. S. Eaton & Co., grain ; T. B. Selders, builder ; A. K. Chase, lime and stone. Church and Society. — The Methodist Protestant Church of Valley was organized in February, 1868, Avith the following named members: Welden Beagan, Sarah Beagan, Maria Luper, Bichard ancl Ann Hight, Daniel S. and Clarinda Thurston, John C. and Bachel Wright, Thomas and Ann Heywood, Emma Pilgrim, Alice and Nancy A. Scott, Eliza beth Pettit, Joseph ancl Bebecca Essex, John and Mary Haines, Viola (Haines) Keeling, Elizabeth Simms. Of the above six removed. Emma Pilgrim died in 1884 and Joseph Essex also died. There Avere 123 receptions into the church up to June 13, 1886, no less than six teen becoming members during the revival meeting of January, 1884. Wady Petra Grange was presided over by Jacob Taylor, with William Peterson, secretary. BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. The settlement of Valley was postponed beyond that of any other division of the county owing to the fact, that many of the soldiers of 1812 selected their land grants there as shown in the list of original entries. In taking up the personal history of the representative fam ilies now in the toAvnship, several brief notices of men and Avomen, who resided here, are given, each little sketch being based on neAvs- paper reports or collected from other recorded matter, Avhile the ma terial for the complete family histories here given was collected by Messrs. Moffitt and Barringer, rewritten in the office here, revised by a member of each family, and then rewritten ancl printed. In the his- 648 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES tory of Toulon township, which embraces the history of the town of Wyoming, very many pages are devoted to former residents ancl pio neers of Valley township. Joseph Anderson, son of John and Hannah (Davis) Anderson, was born in Butler county, O., March 18, 1827, to AA'hich state his father removed from his native Pennsylvania. About 1821 John married Miss DaA'is, of Ohio, and for the ten folloAving years made his home there. The family moved to Tazewell county, 111., in 1831, and there were knoAvn among the leading farmers until 1851, Avhen John Ander son retired, selling the farm. Sixteen years later Mr. Anderson, Sr., died in Indiana in his eighty-second year; his Avidow residing Aviththe children until her death, in 1880, at her son?s home in her eighty-third year. Of their thirteen children seven are living. Joseph Anderson, the fifth child in order of seniority, resided with his parents on the farm until twenty-one years of age. At this time he married Miss Susanna McGinness, of Peoria county, remained tAvo years in Tazewell county, then moved to the farm in Peoria county, Avhere for tAventy- five years they made their home, prior to their removal to Stark county. Here he built a modern residence for his home ancl an elevator for the grain trade which he established, together Avith other buildings, accom plishing as much to build up Stark village as any other one man. Politically he is Bepublican, in society matters, holds a high place in Odd Fellows circles. His. Avife is a member of the Congregational church ancl prominent wherever woman's work is called for. Of their eleven children, George W. is deceased ; James W., conductor on C. I. B. B.; Mary J., in Kansas ; Frank M., in Stark ; Sarah E., deceased ; John IL, engineer at Bock Island ; LeAvis W., Bobert C, and Ulyssus L., in IoAva ; Nathan A., here ; and Edward E., deceased. U. L. Ander son is yard-master of the Central IoAva Bailroad at Keithsburg, 111. Mr. Anderson is iioav about sixty years old. He Avas an infant pioneer of Ohio ancl came to the military tract of Illinois Avhile it Avas a wilder ness, so that in tAvo states he has passed through the pioneer period, ancl appears today to be a man of forty rather than sixty summers. Idleness has not brought him this look of youth, for in every part he has taken, Avhether on the farm, in the grain warehouse, or lumber yard, he has ahvays been a worker. With Mrs. Anderson- his home at Stark is a model one. Margaret {Cowley) Brain. { Vide history cf II. Chase.) William, Atkinson, son of William and Jane (Lambert) Atkinson, was born in England, March 14, 1835. His father Avas born there, May 24, 1796. On February 4, 1826, he Avas united in marriage Avith Miss Jane, daughter of James ancl Mary Lambert, the latter born July 23, 1804. Several years after their marriage they emigrated to America ancl settled at Philadelphia, Pa., Avhere Mr. Atkinson Avas bookkeeper for a large avooI purchasing firm. Several years Avere spent in various parts of the East and in 1853, be and tAvo of his sons came to Illinois to prepare a home for the family, avIio followed them hither in 1854, making a home in Marshall county for three years. Having purchased eighty acres on section three, Valley township, they came while the place Avas Avild, unbroken prairie. On February of Mi*3iMP$Hs JKptynJJL- OP VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 651 1866, Mr. Atkinson, after an illness of three weeks, slept his last sleep in his seventy-first year. His widow remained with her children until 1884, Avhen the last summons came to her also, in her eightieth year. Of their ten children live are still living, four of Avhom are in Stark county and one in England. William Atkinson ancl his sister Mariah J., Avith filial affection clung to their parents ancl their old home, ancl since the death of their parents they have together taken the management of the farm. The original farm has been considerably increased, as shown in the list of present landowners. Perry C. Burdick, son of Clark and Permelia (Coon) Burdick, was born in Otsego county, N. Y., March 26, 1824. His father was born in Vermont, December 1, 1798, and his mother in New York, Decem ber 31, 1800. The Burdicks were knoAvn here in the mercantile marine prior to the Bevolution. Clark Burdick moved from Vermont to York state at an early date, dying there January 1, 1862. In May, 1853, Perry C. came direct from his NeAV York 'home and purchased 160 acres on section 29, Valley, Avhich he sold in a short time after ancl bought the southwest quarter of section 34. In 1863 he married Miss Mary Ann Hickson, to whom tAvo children Avere born, Grant, residing here, ancl Sherman, deceased. His wife died in 1869. In 1871 he married Mrs. Sarah (D\vall) Stout, a native of Virginia, whose father died there, ancl Avhose mother died in Missouri in 1884; removing there on the death of her husband. Mr. Burdick holds to no church in par ticular, but is a friend of all Christian denominations. In political affairs he is decidedly Bepublican, but as decidedly non-aggressiA'e. Both in NeAV York state as Avell as in Illinois he has given his undi vided attention to farming — the common school alone, of all institu tions, claiming such attention as he can give outside his business. Since his settlement here he has served as school director for tAvelve years. Heber Chase, a native of Jubilee, Beoria county, 111., removed Avith his parents, Philander and Anna K. Chase, to Stark county at the age of four years, ancl for the six succeeding years resided Avith them on the homestead farm on section 31, Valley. He then attended a Avinter term of school at Jubilee, returned home and some time later took a course in the Normal University ancl in Jubilee College. Then resum ing AA'ork on the farm, he resided there until 1871, Avhen he was appointed postmaster at this place, of Avhich his father Avas founder, and by Avhom the name Wady Petra (Stone Valley) was given. Very soon after he received the appointment of railroad and express agent. In the spring of 1878 he sustained a heavy loss in the death of his father, Avhen the responsibility of head of the family, and indeed of the community, Avhich his father had gathered around him, fell upon him. About this time he formed a partnership Avith his brother, William J. Chase, to carry on the mercantile house which his father established. In 1874 he married Miss Emma Isabelle, daughter of George ancl Margaret Brain, of Burlingame, Kan. Her father had been dead a number of years, but the lady and her mother Avere then visitino- here ancl with Mrs. Chase's cousin at Galva, Thomas Milcrist. 652 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Mrs. Brain died at Wady Petra in July, 1886. She married Geo. Brain in 1854, six years after her emigration from the Isle of Man, and eight years preceding the death of her husband. To Mr. and Mrs. Chase four children were born, of Avhom Virginius H. and Victor P., are at home. In politics he is Bopublican, and in all local and county affairs liberal and enterprising. Bernard Colgan, one of the most prominent farmers of Valley toAvnship, Avas born in DoAvn county, Ireland, in 1836. He remained in his native land until tAventy years of age, and then started to make a home in the neAV Avorld, landing at Ne\v York. He came at once to Stark county, 111., and began Avorking as low as twelve dollars per month. After several years he rented land AA'hich he Avorked until 1865 Avhen he purchased an eighty tract on section 16. In Jan., 1867, he married Miss Ann Slogan, who is also a native of Ireland. After their marriage they remained some seven years upon this place and then removed to a farm on section 2, Avhich he had purchased. Here they have since resided, ancl built up their present beautiful home. Eight children have blessed their marriage, all of whom make their home Avith their parents. Mary, Francis, EdAvard, James, John, Bernard, Margaret, Bose. Thomas is numbered among the dead. Mr. Colgan is a member of the Catholic church, of Avhicn his family are all members. In politics he is decidedly Democratic. He has noAv 240 acres of choice farming land, and is well knoAvn as one of our best farmers. John A. Colgan, born at Greencastle, Down county, Ireland, Feb ruary 14, 1836, is the son of Edward and Sarah (Brennan) Colgan, and grandson of Patrick ancl Catherine (Fitzpatrick) Colgan, of Lisnacree, in that county, who Avere the children of Edward Colgan, of Aughiogu- hill, and Denis Fitzpatrick, of Ballymacdurphy, of Down county, the former a AveaA'er, and the latter a farmer and blacksmith. The mater nal grandparents of John A. were James and Bose (Lands) Brennan, of Ballamena, and on both sides the family history can be traced back to the Irish Brians and to the illustrious Colgan family, one of Avhom Avas the celebrated historian. To Patrick and his Avife Catherine nine children Avere born, one of Avhom came to the United States. Edward Colgan AA-as married in 1834 ; moved to Greencastle, Avhere he died in 1848. His AvidoAv came to America in 1865, and noAv resides Avith her son, John A. Her children are John A. Colgan, James, who Avas drowned at St. John's, Patrick, Mary, Kate, now .Mrs. Wm. Gill, Peter, drowned near Liverpool, and Thomas, all survivors of the fam ily residing in this toAvnship. John A. Colgan Avas taken by his pater nal grandparents in 1837, and lived with them eighteen years. He then moved to Liverpool to learn the ship-carpenter's trade, but re turned in a short time and remained at home until 1856, when he came to Illinois, residing near Brimfield for three years. Subsequently he freighted between Kansas City ancl Ft. Leavenworth and Ft. Union, N. M., but after seven months, returned to Peoria county. In the . spring of 1863 he purchased eighty acres in Valley. In February, 1867, he married Miss Sarah Colgan, a very distant relative, Avho shared his fortunes until death took her aAvay in June, 1882. On OP VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 653 August 16, 1886, he married Miss Emma Williams, of Valley. Of seven children born to the first marriage, Mary M., Sarah A., Patrick E., John, Bosa ancl Peter V. reside here ; Katie died. Mr. Colgan has increased his acreage to 400, all excellent land, ancl Avell improved. Politically, he is independent, and as a citizen, ranks Avith the best in Stark county. Thomas Iienry Crone, son of Benjamin ancl Mary (McDonald) Crone, Avas born in Fayette county, Ohio, January 20, 1829. His grandfather, Henry Crone, Avent.to Canada to learn the carpenter trade, from Pennsylvania, of which state he was a native like his wife, and during the year the family spent there, Benjamin Avas born. In 1812 Henry returned to the United States and was a soldier in the Union service, even as his father was a soldier of the BeA'olution Benjamin Crone married Nancy McDonald in 1828. Her parents Avere natives of NeAV Jersey. They were the parents of seven children: Thomas H, Albert W., John, Henrietta, James F. (deceased), Wm. A. ancl Douglas W. Thomas H. learned the carpenter's trade at an early day, ancl at the age of twenty years married Miss Eliza J., daughter of Ananias and Elizabeth Allen, a native of Madison county, Ohio. Six years later this lady died, leaving tAvo children : William, now of NodaAvay county, Mo., ancl Ammia E., iioav of CraAvford county, IoAva. After the death of his Avife he came to Stark county, 111., Avorked at his trade until 1854, when he settled on his present farm, ancl in 1856 revisited Ohio, AA'here he married Miss Catherine, daughter of Dr. and Ann (McClean) Bobinson. They are the parents of seven children : John B., married, May, married, both of CraAA'ford county, IoAva; James F., of Valley township, married ; Henry L., of Essex toAvnship, married ; Bosella, married, residing here ; Thomas S. and Nancy A. Avith parents. Like both his grandfathers, Thomas H. also Avas in the Union service, having enlisted in the Seventh Illinois Volunteer M. Infantry in February, 186."), ancl served until the close of the Avar. For thirty years he has filled the office of school director, is a member of the Central Agricultural Society, a supporter of the Meth odist church, ancl in political life, a Bepublican. William Dawson, born in Boss county, Ohio, in 1809, moved with his parents to HaAvkins county, Ohio, where he passed his youth and received his education. About 1831 he married Miss Amelia Dorman, with Avhom he Avas a playmate from childhood. For nine years after this marriage they made their home in Hocking county, engaged on their farm, and there four children Avere born to them. In 1839-40 the family moved to Henry county, 111., and tAvo years later settled in Stark county, AA'here Mr. Dawson had purchased lands. Here nine children Avere born to them, live of Avhomare living, and two, John L. and Minerva, residents of this county. The father of this large family, a pioneer of Iienry, a pioneer of A' alley and an old settler of Stark county, Avas called aAvay by death September 10, 1885. Forty clays prior to this eA'ent he fell, receiving such injuries as would cause the death of a much younger man. Mrs. William DaAvson Avas born in Boss county, Ohio, January 1, 1805, but in her youth accompanied her parents to flocking county, Ohio, Avhere she was also educated ancl 654 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES where she met and married her late husband. She was among the very earliest settlers of Valley, coming here when Peoria had only one store, while yet it was a day's journey to a neighbor's house. She is considered one of the foremothers of the township, for, with her hus band, she participated in the drama of settlement and progress, and has even distanced old Time. Since her husband's death she has re sided on the homestead with her daughter Minerva. John L. Dawson, son of William and Amelia (Dorman) Dawson, was born in Essex, Stark county, September 9, 1842. Here he was educated and continued to reside until August, '62, when he enlisted in Company E, One-hundred-and-twelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantry J ancl for three years participated in the fortunes of that com mand as related in the military chapter. He received honorable dis charge June 20, '65, returned to his father's house and resided there until February 2, '71, Avhen he married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob and Alice (Howart) Taylor, and took up their residence on sec tion thirty, Valley, where he was owner of 124 acres. Of three children bormto them, William A. and Jacob S. are living. Mrs. Dawson was born in Lancashire, England, January 5, '50. In her ninth, year she accompanied her parents to America, and settled Avith them in Valley, Avas educated here ancl remained with them until her marriage in '71. Mr. DaAvson is a republican in political life, in social matters a member of the I. O. O. F., has served one year as collector, ancl since '62 has proven a most creditable citizen, Avhether in war or peace. James L. Dawson, son of Andrew and Mary (Little) Dawson, was born in Boss county, O., in 1826. His father Avas born near Pittsburg, Pa., Avhere he married Miss Little, of the same county. In the fall of '43 the family moved to Chillicothe, 111., and thence to Stark county in '47-8. Here both of them died as recorded in the sketch of the cemeteries — Mr. Dawson dying in '64. Of their nine children, three are liA'ing. James L. resided Avith his parents — Avorking on the farm or attending school in his youth. In '47 he came to this county, ancl two years later purchased his farm here. Owing to the fact that the notes on his family history Avere returned Avithout corrections and with complaint of inaccuracies, the greater part is omitted rather than knowingly publish Avhat is alleged to be incorrect. Mrs. Elizabeth Down, daughter of James ancl Elizabeth (Hammot) Cutler, was born in Suffolkshire, England, in 1832, came to Buffalo, N. Y., via Quebec, with her parents in '36, and after tAvo years removed with them to Batavia, N. Y., where they reared a family of eight children of whom five are living. In '57 Mrs. Down, accompanied by friends, came to Kickapoo Town, and here she married William DoAvn, also a native of the same shire in England, Avhose parents, Thomas and Mary Doavu, never left England. This William Down left England at the age of sixteen years, came to Batavia, N. Y., there learned the shoe maker's trade, and there met Miss Cutler, to whom he was married December 25, '56. They at once settled in Stark county, where Mr. Down died September 29, '78, — typhoid fever, from Avhich he suffered only one Aveek, being the direct cause. He was collector of this town ship two terms, and filled the office of assessor several terms, Mrs. OF VALLEY TOAVNSHIP. 655 Down resides upon the homestead, surrounded by her family of six children : John, Mary, Thomas, Samuel, Cora and Bertha. The eldest son, William, is deceased. He married Miss Lizzie Torrington in '82, who died the same year, he folloAving her to the grave in September, '83. Both lie in the Fox cemetery. Mrs. Mary A . Dewhurst, born near Heywood, England, died near Stark village April 2, 1S80, aged fifty-eight years. She came to Peoria county in '50, ancl for years resided in or near Wyoming. Lawrence Duckworth, Sr., born in 1800, came to the United States in '49, resided in Peoria county for thirteen years, AA'hen he moved to Valley toAvnship, thence to his son's home at Shenandoah, Page county, IoAva, died near Yates City, 111., April 6, '80. G. W. Duryea, son of Wesley ancl Elizabeth (Barnum) Duryea, was born at Mt. Sterling, BroAvn county, 111., in 1835. His parents were natives of Kentucky, avIio after marriage, removed to Brown county, 111., about the year '33, Avhere he continued his profession of law, at AA'hich he labored so earnestly that he became totally blind, Avhen our subject Avas but six years of age. A few months later he passed to the "better land." During his illness his property bad been about consumed, ancl after his death Mrs. Duryea labored hard to keep her family of four children together. Since they have groAvn up she has made her home Avith her daughter near Cuba, 111. G. W. Duryea, Avhen but nine years of age, left home and Avent to live Avith a, mer chant of Mt. Sterling, Avorking in the store there for five years, Avhen he removed to Canton Avhere he was a clerk until '61, Avhen he married. Miss Louisa M., daughter of James ancl Sarah A. (Carver) Turner, avIio was born in December, '41. Her parents Avere both natives of Mercer county, Ky., Avho in '31 and '33 removed to Menard county, 111., '32 to Fulton county, AA'here they Avere married April 25, '37. Of their thirteen children, nine are living, three of them in Stark county. {Vide page Jf7o, Fulton county history) Mr. and Mrs. Duryea began farming in Woodford county, 111., where they remained for eight years, Avhen they removed to their farm in Valley township about the year '72. In ''83 Mr. Duryea, after several months' illness, resolved to go to the Straits of Mackinaw for his health, and, being taken suddenly worse, died at Berrien Springs, June 4, '83. His remains iioav rest in Pleasant Valley cemetery. He was an active member of the Methodist Protestant church, ancl in politics a republican, having held various offices of trust in his toAvnship. About tAvo years prior to bis death he rented the farm and remoA'ed to La Harpe to educate his children, but being restless for some occupation he returned to Avork as partner in a store at St. David. The year folloAving her husband's death Mrs. Duryea returned to their beautiful home on the farm Avhere she still resides. Of her seven children, two died in infancy. Charles E. resides at Washington, D. G, Minnie Blanche, James, Frank, Otto G, Atina, B. C. reside at home. In the history of Fulton county, brief notices of the Turner ancl Carver families appear. Joseph My, Avho resided in Valley township for over thirty years, died at Stark in February, 1882, in his eighty-fourth year. Andrew J. Fcmlkner, son of Thomas J. and Lucy (Arthmgton) 656 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Faulkner, was born in Peoria county, 111., March 10, 1857. His father, a Virginian, moved to Boss county, Ohio, when but seventeen years of age, Avhere he engaged in the mercantile trade ancl also tended the locks on the canal. At the age of tAvehty he married Miss Ellen Dit- mon, Avho died about fourteen years later. To his first marriage five children were born, only tAvo of whom are noAv living. About three years after the death of ids first wife, he married Miss Lucy Arthington. Immediately after their marriage they came to Illinois in 1852, ancl set tling in Peoria county, began farming. Six years after they removed to Valley township, where they purchased a farm, ancl where, in 1863, Mrs. Faulkner died, leaving five children, all of Avhom are living. On March 19, 1885, Mr. Faulkner Avas called to his reAvard, in his seventy- third year. Andrevv J. Faulkner is the third child of a family of five children. His early life Avas spent at home with his parents, assisting in the duties of the farm. In 1 880 he married Miss Minnie F., daughter of William and Elizabeth (Killinger) Bedding. She was born in Boone county, Inch, December 30, 1860. Her parents, natives of Ohio, removed to Indiana at an early clay, Avhere they engaged in farming. In 1864 they came to Illinois and settled in Benn township, Stark county, Avhere, one year later, April 24, 1865, Mr. Bedding's death occurred, in his fifty-sixth year. He Avas the father of nine children, six of Avhom Avere living at his death. After her husband's death Mrs. Bed ding removed to Wyoming with her family. She Avas married, in 1868 to Mr. Charles Andress, with Avhom she lived until her death, April 13, 1876. By her second marriage she AA'as the mother of one child. Minnie, after her eleventh year, made her home in the family of Mr. Thomas Timmons until her marriage, in 1880, with Mr. Faulk ner. Mr. and Mrs. Faulkner have resided in Stark county, and at present live on their farm about three miles south of Wyoming. Their union has been blessed by tAvo children, Hattie B. and Matie E. Politically Mr. Faulkner is, like his father AA'as, a Democrat. Ambrose Gehrt, born in Saxony, Germany, in 1837, came to the United States Avith his brother sixteen years later, landing at Balti more, June 13, 1853 They pushed westward at once; remained in Jefferson county, Ohio, tAventy-one months; early in 1855 he came to Beoria county, 111.; Avorked by the month there for three years; then commenced farming as a tenant, and next established his oavii farm, Avhich he improved until August, 1862, when he enlisted in Company E, Eighty-sixth Illinois Infantry. He took part in all the battles and skirmishes of that command, as related in the military chapter, and came out at the close of the Avar Avitbout a Avound. Beturning to Beoria, he resumed farming, and in 1868 bought a farm in this county. The folloAving year he married Miss Margarite G. Wessensee. daughter of George ancl Catherine (Zinck) Wessensee, of New York City. After this marriage he resided on the purchase of 1868 for nine years, and then moved to his farm of 165 acres on section 26, Valley, where they have since lived. Of seven children born to them there are living: Clara L., Albert G , Emma L. (deceased), Martin J., Joseph L., Annie, Wilhelmina ancl Otelia A., all residing here. For almost tAventy years this gentleman has labored here successfully. . He has increased his OF VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 657 65 acres to 325, all improved. In religious life he is a member of the Lutheran church ; in politics, a Bepublican, and in society, a member of the Grand Arm}', and altogether a most useful citizen. A. W. Hendricks, son of Jonathan and Luranae (Morey) Hen dricks, Avas born in Bensselaer county, N. Y., in 1812, of AA'hich state his parents Avere also natives. In 1875 his father moved to Illinois, and in 1877 died in Livingston county in the eighty-seventh year of his age. His Avife, the mother of A. W". Hendricks, died in New York State in 1827. Up to this time ancl for seven years after, the son re sided at home. At the age of tAventy-tAvo years he married Miss Betsy Becord, also a native of his countAr, and for ten years after this marriage he AA'as engaged in a variety of Avork, but then adopted a, farmer's life ancl resided on the same tract until 1864, AA'hen the family moved to section 28, Valley ToAvnship, this county, AA'here for tAventy- three years he has been an agriculturalist. Of their nine children five are living : Alexander in Michigan, George in Kansas, Lucy in New York; Mary, noAv Mrs. E. Hampson, of Valley; Lottie, noAv Mrs. M. Graves, of Essex. The deceased Avere : Joel, the third son; Francis, the fourth son, died in the Avar of the Bebellion; Sally S., died here, ancl also an infant. This family gave two sons to the Union, whose records are given in the military chapter. The father has always been a, Unionist, and today while yielding hearty support to the Bepublican party, votes for men and measures according to his judgment of them. Mrs. Hendricks is a member of the Baptist church. Mrs. Surah Hampson, daughter of David ancl Elizabeth (Hearst) Gihvorth, of Cawthorn, England, was born there in 1811, AA'heie her paternal grandparents, Thomas and Mary Gihvorth, also resided, Avhile the maternal grandparents, Joseph ancl Mary Hearst, Avere natives of Wakefield. DaA'id was one of seven children. At the age of tAventy-nine he married Miss Hearst, and to them seven children Avere born, of whom Mrs. Hampson is the only one surviving. Her father died at the age of fifty-nine years, ancl ' her mother died tAventy years later. Mrs. Hampson resided Avith them until 1825, Avhen she moved to Newton- nian, Cheshire, and there, at the age of eighteen, married Henry, son of NeAvton, and grandson of Thomas and Nancy (NeAvton) Hampson. For seventeen years she resided there, and there seven children were born to them, who came with them to America in 1846. The folio av- ing eighteen months Avere passed at NeAvport, B. I.; the succeeding four years at Salem, Mass.; thence moved to Yonkers, N. Y., Avhere they remained one year. Meantime the father had visited Illinois and pur chased a farm'in Essex ToAvnship, and in 1853 the family came by rail to LaSalle, bv boat to Beoria, and by Avagon to their Essex farm, where they resided" three years. Then the Essex farm Avas sold, and 160 acres in Vallev purchased, Avhich Avas increased to 255 acres prior to Mr. Hampson's death in December, 1871. Here Mrs. Hampson and family continue to reside. Her children are: Elizabeth, Alice (noAv Mrs. Harris, of Attleborough, Mass.), Mary (iioav Mrs. Simmons of At- tleborough), Anna (Mrs. Jackson, deceased), Jane (Mrs. Mills, of Mid- dletoAvn, N. Y.) ; Sarah (Mrs. BoAves), Charles, ancl Emeline (wkIoav of Mr. Kelsch), residing here ; Martha A. (Mrs. Jones, of Missouri) ; 658 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES David H., of Massachusetts ; Emma M., of New York, all deceased. Mr. Hampson, Sr., was democratic in politics, as his son is today. Dur ing life he Avas a most industrious worker and good citizen, and gave to this county a family who have aided in its building up as they shared in its prosperity. Thomas Heaghney, son of Charles ancl Bosa (McGurk) Heaghney, Avas born»in Tyrone County, Ireland, in 1834. Twenty years later he moved to NeAV York State, Avhere he labored as a farm hand for two years, Avhen he came to Illinois and Avorked on a farm here until 1861. In this year he married Miss Margaret Kinsley, of Stark County, rented a piece of land AA'hich now forms a part of his estate, and other tracts until 1864, when he purchased eighty acres, residing there in a 12x16 house until his lands Avere paid for, Avhen he built his present residence. Mr. Heaghney has now a tract of 240 acres of excellent farm land, together Avith seA'eral quarter sections in the west. Of their eight children six are living. He has in little over tAventy years wrung from labor a just reAA'ard, ancl today holds an enviable place in the es teem of his neighbors. In religious life he is Catholic, in political life Democrat, ancl in agricultural affairs a hard worker and close calculator. David Hodges, born in Kentshire, England, February 5, 1822, is the son of Thomas and Mary Hodges, natives of England. As near as can noAv be ascertained Thomas was married in 1818 or '19, and in 1834 he came to America, and settled at Saratoga Springs, N. Y.; but after a short time moved six miles north of the springs, purchased a farm and engaged in farming. Of their eight children six are liA'ing Matilda, of Worcester, Mass.; Harriet, of Washington county, N. Y. Edwin, of Saratoga county, N. Y.; Amos, of Page county, IoAva George H., of Greenfield, Saratoga county, N. Y.; and David, of this county; all the heads of families. Thomas Hodges remained Avhere he last settled, engaged in farming, until his death, in 1853. His wife survived him until the year of 1880. David Hodges was thirteen years old Avhen he left England. In America he remained with his father, helping to clear the farm, until 1851, Avhen he came to Illinois, pur chased land in this county. Returning home he AA'as married in 1852, to Miss Jane Stanclish, a native of NeAV York, to whom AA'ere born Harry, residing Avith parents, and Joseph, married, of Kingsbury county, Dak. The year folloAving his marriage David settled on the land he had purchased in this county in 1851, building a house thereon. On March 23, 1860, bis Avife died, ancl on February 1, 1861, he married Miss Mary Hutchison, a, native of Ohio, Avhose parents removed.from Ohio to Illinois about 1851, ancl settled in Beoria county, Avhere they remained until their death. They are the parents of five children, namely : Otis, Clark, Fred, Frank, and one deceased. The first pur chase of land Mr. Hodges made Avas the southeast quarter of section 33, and since that time he has added 540 acres to this, all of which is avcII improA'eo. He is not a member of any church, but is a liberal supporter of the Methodist church. In politics he is a Bepublican, takes a great interest in schools, and in all matters pertaining to the public benefit. Pie has held several township offices, and is at present commissioner of highways. OF VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 659 Charles M. Hull, son of Harry ancl Sarah (Shaw) Hull, was born in St. LaAvrence county, N. Y., in 1836. His father, a native of Ver mont, Avas born near the NeAV Plampshire line in 1799, and his grand father in New Hampshire in 1758. This latter man served through the Bevolution, soon after was married ancl settled in the village of Kane, Essex county, N. Y., Avhere he was an agriculturalist, until his death, in '41, his Avife dying about '51. Of their nine children all lived over sixty years, ancl four are still living. Pie vvitk five of his sons served in the War of '12. Harry Hull Avas married about '24, moved to St. Lawrence county about '26, ancl tAventy years later to Wisconsin. In '47 he came to Peoria county ; in January, '50, settled in Stark, purchased one hundred and sixty acres on section 30, Valley, and died here in '79. His first Avife died here in '62. In '64 he mar ried Mrs. Alice Surnberger, of Victoria, 111., Avho survh'es him and re sides on the homestead. To his first marriage tAvelve children were born, and to his last, two children. Of the first, six are liA'ing: Silas, Charles N, Nathan PL, John D., Mrs. B. E. Dickenson, ancl Mrs. Sarah A. Boutan, of whom Charles N. resides in Valley Avith Euphra sia and Catherine, children of the second marriage. Charles PIull shared in the travels and fortunes of the family until '52, when he Avent to Princeville to learn the blacksmith's trade. In '60 he moved to Osceola and followed his trade there. In '61 he married Miss Calista E. Bales, of Orange county, O., then visiting her sister at Brinceville. On September 20, '62, he enlisted in Company A, Second Illinois Light Artillery, and was in active service Avith the battery for thirty-four months without receiving a Avouncl. On returning he worked at his trade until '70, when he removed to his Valley farm, Avhich he had purchased prior to the war. In '76 he established a general store at Stark village, the first business there. In '82 Mr. Speers and he built the grain elevator there; in '84 he purchased his partner's interest therein, and since has carried on his large interests alone. In politics he has ahvays been a Bepublican, avoiding office, ancl ever attentive to his OAvn business and the development of his district. ( Vide military and Valley histories) George L. Jackson, son of B. ancl Jane (Lonsley) Jackson, Avas born at Marrick, Eng., in 1818. His father Avas born ancl lived there forty-four years. Plis mother Avas born at Heley, in 1788, married at nineteen years of age, and fifty-two years later her husband died, she folloAving him to the grave in a feAv years. They came to Orange, O., in '35 with their eleven children, purchased tAvo farms there, ancl there died, as noted. George L. came Avith his parents to Ohio, and en gaged in farming there until '47, Avhen he revisited his native country for ten months, married Miss Margaret Carse there at Bichmond, re turned in '48, ancl after spending the winter in Ohio, moved to Brim- field, 111., Avhere he Avas engaged in agriculture for eight years, and then purchased one hundred ancl sixty acres on section 28, Valley. In '82 his wife died here. One of her children died in '59, but three still reside here • Thomas C. ancl George B. on the homestead, and Percy near Stark station. In June, '82, Mr. Jackson deeded his lands to his boys, lived with them until '85, Avhen he built a residence near Stark 39 660 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES station, and on December 1, that year, married Miss Lydia Danley, of Peoria county. In politics he has always been Democratic. Mrs. Judith S. Joh, daughter of Peter and Elizabeth (Frum) Fur- brushe, was born in Guernsey county, Ohio, in 1820, Her father was born on the Island of Guernsey, a French possession, in 1797. Came Avith the Guernsey colony 'to Ohio, and here in 1818 married Miss Frum, a' native of Virginia. A number of years later the family moved to Preble county, Ohio, and moved thence in 1854 to this county. Peter Furbrushe died here in 1855, and twenty years later his widow followed him to the grave. Of their seven children four are living; Mrs. Joh, however, being the only one residing here. Mrs. Joh remained with her parents until 1841, when she married David Joh. David Joh was born in Virginia about 1816. In 1832 he moved with his parents to Preble county, Ohio, where he met and married Miss Furbrushe. After four years they moved to Butler county, and eight years later settled on a farm in Valley township, of this county, where, after a long illness, he passed to rest in August, 1879. Of their seven children, Elizabeth A. is deceased, John A. resides in Kansas, Mary E. is Mrs. H. Martin, of Castleton ; Emma S., Mrs. A. Schanck, resides here ; George L., in Colorado ; Clara L., engaged in school teaching in this county, and Nellie E., residing at home. Mrs. Joh has been for years a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which her husband Avas also a member up to the period of his death. She resides on the old homestead in Valley Avith two of her children. Thomas Kelly died at his home in Valley June, 1884. He leaves a wife and four children. Was buried in the Camp Grove Catholic burying ground. Gotlieb Klepfer^s body was found in the creek near Stark by his son and Michael Heggenberger May 23, 1881. Pie was one of the old German residents of the county, wealthy, but the death of four of his children within a few months preyed so heavily on his mind, he was driven to commit the rash act. Alonzo Kingsley, son of John and Hannah (Bussed) Kingsley, Avas born in Peoria county in 1839. His father was born at Brattleboro', Vt., in 1815, learned the mason's trade there, and at the age of twenty- one years married Miss Bussell, and both came to the Avilds of Peoria county, where their family was raised and educated, and themselves have resided. Of their four children three are among the best citizens of the state, ancl one crossed over the river of time. John Kingsley, the father, was an ardent politician until his sudden death in Novem ber, 1878. His widow resides on the old home. In 1861 Alonzo mar ried Miss Hannah, daughter of James and Mary A. Dewhurst, native of HeyAvood, Eng. This lady Avas born therein 1811, and followed her father, who came in 1848. In 1850, with other members of the family, all settled at Peoria, and five or six years later settled in Valley, section 29. There the Dewhursts resided for sixteen years, when they moved to Wyoming. Mrs. Dewhurst, while visiting Mrs. Kingsley in 1880, died. Pier husband moved to OsAvell, Burton county, Inch, Avhere he died, in 1S85. He was a soldier of the late war. Alonzo Kingsley enlisted in Company K, Seventy-seventh Uli- OF VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 661 nois Infantry August 6, 1862, but suffered so terribly on the march that his Aveight reduced to ninety pounds, so that he Avas left sick at Ft. Pickering; was honorably discharged, and is noAv a United States pensioner. His son, James L. Kingsley, resides at home. Tavo years after his return from the Avar the family moved to the DeAvhurst home. In politics he is Bepublican, ancl in Avorks of beneA^olence ancl charity ahvays foremost. Mr. Kingsley, Jr., twenty-two years of age, Avas the first member of the Sons of Veterans in Stark county, Avas first in the move to organize the Sons of. Veterans Camp at Wyoming, and is the commander. He is also connected in Sunday-school Avork, being superintendent of the Stark Sunday-school. He is also a Kepublican. Mrs. Malinda Marlatt, Avidow of the late George Marlatt, ancl daughter of Alexander and Betsy (Chatham) Borter, Avas born in Gal latin county, Ky., in 1817. At the age of seA^enteen she moved with her parents to Indiana, ancl the folloAving year married George Mar latt. In 1838 she moved with him to Pittsburg ancl in 1848 came with him to Illinois. Her father was born in Mercer Co., Pa., October 12, 1806, and her mother in South Carolina. Alexander Porter moved Avuh his father to South Carolina, AA'here they engaged in weaving. There the son Avorked hard, studied at night, ancl at the age of eighteen years opened a school ; afterward he studied engineering and became a good surveyor. Pie married Miss Chatham, removed to Kentucky, ancl for several years they remained there in the Avilds as the friends of Daniel Boone. In 1805 Mr. Porter enlisted in the exploratory party under LeAvis and Clark, but owing to his Avife's illness did not go. After several years he moved to Indiana ancl engaged in farming ancl teaching there until his dqath in 183s, his wife having preceded him to the grave several years before. Of their tAvelve children Mrs. Marlatt is the only survivor. As has been stated, Malinda Porter married Mr. Marlatt in 1835. In 1848 they came by river to Pern, but the folio w- ing year settled in Stark county, Avhere Mr. Marlatt refitted the Spoon river mill north of Wyoming, ancl found shelter in a log-cabin Avhich had no floor ancl little roof. Meantime he built a house, saAving all the lumber, framing ancl erecting with his OAvn hands. In 1850 the family mo\'ed into this house — with Avolves as the most numerous neighbors and frequent visitors. There they resided for years ; the father in creased his original farm to 320 "acres, built a neAV house, and AA'hen death came, October 15, 1886, the grim monster called on one Avho did a life's work Avell. George Marlatt Avas born October 12, 1806. In 1817 he moved Avith his parents to Adams county, Ohio, and worked with his father as milhA-right for tAvo years, AA'hen he joined his brother at Pittsburg in shipping coal to the New Orleans sugar refineries. After his marriage he built a warehouse at the mouth of the Anderson river and conducted a general store there for several years; returned and resumed coal-shipping at Pittsburg, ancl in June, 1848, set out for Illinois. Of their nine children two died in infancy ; Druscilla mar ried Edward Colgan, of Valley ; James and Joseph M. are dead, the latter leaving a widoAv and two children ; George O. died in the rebel prison at Belle Isle ; Emeline is Mrs. Barrett, of Peoria ; Wilham, Homer J F. M. and Myron P. All reside here. The boys have all 662 • BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES grown to manhood here, and like their father, fill a place in the economy of the county completely. Myron P., who resides on the homestead Avith his mother, was born July 20, 1860, in the present home. On September 15, 18S4, he married Miss Kate, daughter of James and Mary (Ah/Avard) Walsh, of Peoria. To them a little girl, Malinda M., has been born. Thus runs the history of a family who for almost forty years have added largely to the wealth of this district, Avhile aiding themselves. William McConnell, son of Robert and Martha (Scott) McConnell, Avas born in Down county, Ireland, in the year 1814. At the age of twenty-five years he married Miss Susanna Jelly, daughter of John ancl Margaret (McBride) Jelly. In 1854 they came to America and settled with the son of old Bishop Chase, at Jubilee, Beoria county, 111. Here they spent nine years, then removed to Valley toAvnship, Stark county, and purchased a farm of eighty acres on section 1. Three children have come to their home, namely : Margaret (Mrs. S. Malone, of Stark county); Mary Ann (Mrs. J. Kelly, of Valley township), and Martha, residing at home. Mr. McConnell and his family are members of the old Presbyterian church, in which faith he and his wife Avere both reared. He has always been a Democrat. Sarah McGinnis, born September 20, 1812, is the daughter of John and Elizabeth (Harris) Montgomery. The former, born in North Caro lina in 1764, at the age of sixteen enlisted as a soldier in the Bevolu- tionary War, and served until liberty was secured. At the close of the Avar he moved to Bussell county, Va., and taking from the govern ment a title to a piece of land, called a " corn right," began its im provement. His first wife, to Avhom he was married at the close of the Revolution, removed with him to Virginia, Avhere after several years she died, leaving him a family of eight children, four boys and four girls. He Avas again married to Miss Elizabeth Harris, of Vir ginia, Avith Avhom and his family he moved to Russell county, Va., Avhere he purchased land and continued farming for a time, when once more he removed Avith.his family to Floyd county, Ky. At the end of three years he took his family in wagons, and, carefully avoid ing the Indians, arrh'ed safely in Franklin county, Ind. There he re mained for seA'en years, Avhen he and his faithful wife removed with the subject of this sketch, AA'ho in the meantime had married, to Beoria county. 111., in 1835, Avhere he died in 1845 in his eighty-second year; some eighteen months later his wife followed him. This union Avas blessed by four children (the first two boys died in infancy), and two girls, Sarah and Susanna, the latter deceased, leaving Mrs. McGinnis, the sole representative of the family. At the age of eighteen she Avas married to Geo. I. McGinnis, ancl settled on a farm in Park county, Ind., where she remained some nine years, ancl then with her husband ancl two children moved to Avhere Princeville now stands. There Mr. McGinnis died at the age of seventy-two years. Mrs. McGinnis still resides upon the farm, one ancl a half miles north of Princeville. Of their twelve children nine are still living, namely : Susanna, Sarah Ann (deceased), John, James, Nancy, Mary, Elizabeth, Temperance (de ceased), Jane, William (deceased), George L, Charles PL Susanna, OF VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 663 the wife of J. Anderson, resides in Stark county, 111. John and James are at Rochester; Nancy resides on homestead; Mary resides at Wyoming; Elizabeth is postmistress at Stark; Jane is in the Indian Territory ; George I. at Princeville, and Charles PI. in Peoria county. The father of the subject of this sketch was for a time a friend ancl companion of Daniel Boone, being with him at Fort Boone when it was besieged by the Indians. John Morrissy, son of John and Margaret (Knox) Morrissy, was born in Kilkenny county, Ireland, in 1820, and there he resided for twenty-eight years, when he moved to Boston, Mass. Later he Avorked on railroad in NeAV Hampshire as section hand, but after one year engaged in farm Avork in Virginia, Avhere he remained eighteen months, then moved to Peoria, 111., where he remained three years. While there he married Miss Joanna Prendergast, who in 1856 settled with him in Valley on 160 acres which he purchased on section thirty- two, an area since increased to 400 acres. Mrs. Morrissy died here in May, 1875, folloAving three of her children to the graA'e and leaving five, namely : John, James, Bobert, Kate, ancl Bridget. In 1850 his parents came to the United States, settled in Peoria county, where the father died in his eighty-fourth year, and the mother in her eighty-second year. Mr. Morrissy has ahvays been a Democrat, and prominent in national election matters. His industry lias won for him an excellent social position, ancl, what is next best, a good estate — a something Avhich neither manliness, honor, nor industry could accom plish under British haws in his native land. William Peterson, born in Franklin county, Inch, August 23, 1842, is the son of Henry and Ziporah (Halberstadt) Beterson, ancl grandson of John Peterson, of llrenton, N. J., who settled in Indiana in 1823, eight years after his marriage with Miss Edith Gaines. After spend ing thirty-four years in Indiana the family moved to LaSalle county, 111., where they resided nine years, when they removed to Philo, III, where parents died, each in the eightieth year. Of their fourteen children thirteen became heads of families, of whom seven are still living. John Peterson held a claim to a tract of 'land on Avhich the Union depot ancl other valuable buildings of Philadelphia now stand, but this claim was set aside by sharpers, Avho produced false titles. Being a man who desired peace he submitted to this robbery, but his heirs con template taking steps to recover the millions of Avhich Mr. Beterson was defrauded. Henry Peterson Avas born at Trenton, N. J., Avhere his twin brother died at the age of one year. He shared his parents' labors and travels until the age of twenty-one years, Avhen he married Miss Halberstadt. In 1850 he moved to Lee county, IoAva, Avhere he remained until 1862, when he removed with his family to the Missouri boundary. His sons, Samuel and William, who enlisted, did not join in this migration. Later the family removed to Philo, 111., where, on March 14, 1873, he bid fareAvell to his church brethren, stating that he would never meet them again. On the succeeding day, while drawing corn across his meadow— the sky showing but a single cloud— he was struck by lightning and instantly killed. His Avidow resides upon the homestead at Philo. Of their family of ten children : Samuel G. is in 664 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Missouri ; William resides here ; Nelson, deceased ; Mary E. is in Mis souri ; B. F. in IoAva ; C. W. in Kansas ; Margaret A. at Philo ; John in Missouri ; Thomas at Philo, and Charlotte in IoAva. Samuel Avas one of the first to respond to the call for troops in 1 861, then entering the TAventy-first Missouri Infantry, served ninety clays ancl enlisted in the Fourth IoAva Cavalry, serving to the close of the war ; Avas pro moted several times for bravery in different battles. William Peterson removed to Lee county, IoAva, .with his parents when' eight years old, ancl at the age of eighteen enlisted in the Fifteenth IoAva Infantry, participated in the battles of Shiloh, Bolivar, Iuka and Corinth ; Avas discharged for wound received at Corinth, Miss., in October, 1862. On returning he married Mrs. Mary Woodin, daughter of James and Elizabeth (Town) Jackson. After his marriage they settled on their present Valley farm, Avhere.all their children were born: Florence, Mary, James W., Belle, Albert M., Henry A., Orion E., all residing at home, ancl one, Henry, deceased. In politics he is decidedly Bepublican, but takes no active part in political contests — his farm and stock claim ing the attention of all his business hours. Himself ancl family are all members of the Congregational church, and prominent in all matters relating to the Avelfare of the county. In Masonic circles he belongs to the Chapter. James Jackson, his father-in-laAV, AA'as born in York shire, Eng., in 1796 ; married Miss Town, of London, Avhen twenty- five years old ; six years later came to America ancl settled in Dutchess county, N. Y., and in 1841 moved to Peoria county, 111., ancl to Stark county in 1852. Here James Jackson died in 1870 in his seventy-fifth year, and his wife in 1876 in her eighty-second year, leaving seven chil dren, of Avhom four are living — Mrs. Peterson being the youngest member of the family. John Schanck, who died at Wady Petra April 27, 1880, aged fifty- eight years, was born in Preble county, Ohio, January 16, 1823 ; moved Avith his family to Valley township in 1854. In 1875 he pur chased the Chase store and Avas in business there until his death. A. J. Simmerman. son of Jacob and Malinda (Sheets) Simmerman, AA'as born in West Jersey, October 11, 1846. His father was a native of Wythe county, Va.; born in 1815. Came with his parents to Han cock county, 111., in 1833, overland, and in 1835 to Stark county. He worked on the father's eighty acre farm until 1838, Avhen he married Miss Sheets, and took up their residence on a farm Avhich he purchased near the David Simmerman farm in West Jersey. Eight years after his young wife died here, leaving three boys. Some feAv years later Jacob traded his farm for another in that township and resided on his neAV farm until i860, Avhen he moved to his father's homestead, remain ing there until his migration to Linn county, IoAva, in the spring of 1884. In 1848 he married, for second Avife, Mrs. Permelia Lane. To the first marriage were born : James H., deceased ; George IP., iioav in Fillmore county, Neb.; and A- J., the subject of this sketch. To the second marriage Avere born : Malinda, Sarah A., Albert ancl Lydia, all of whom are married ancl residents of Linn county, Iowa. In politics he Avas a Democrat ; in religion a Methodist, and in the social and busi ness circle one of the. county's first and most useful pioneers. A. J. OF VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 665 Simmerman passed all his earlier years on his grandfather's (Peter Sheets) lands or attending school in the district. He Avas but six months old AA'hen his mother died. Pie resided with grandfather Sheets tAventy-one years, and in 1868 moved to his farm of ninety acres on section 18, Valley, with his young Avife — Miss Susan M., daughter of Jonathan and Loraney (FoAvler) Luce, of Indiana, to whom he had been married only a short time. To them six children were born : Mary L., Isadora M., Ada J., Daisy B., Ernest M., and Boy, all residing here. His wife was born near Indianapolis in 1848. In 1852 moved with her parents to Fulton county, and in 1855 came to Essex, remain ing Avith Jefferson Trickle's family until her marriage. Mr. Simmer man has now 270 acres of prime land, and since 1867 has taken all the parts credited to him in history. Edwin Snare, son of John P. and Nancy (Kurfman) Snare, was born in Penn township, 111., April 24, 1849. His father Avas a native of Pennsylvania of German descent. Ed av in received a practical education on the farm and in the district schools. In 1872 he married Miss Nellie J., daughter of Harlow and Plarriet (Stouffer) Brown, of Benn toAvn- ship, and soon after purchased a farm there, on Avhich he resided until 1879, when he sold his interests there, and removing to Valley, pur chased his present farm. Of three children born to Mr. and Mrs. Snare, only* one — an infant, is living. This little one with an adopted daughter constitute their family. He is a supporter of the M. B. church, in political life a Bepublican, ancl in everyday affairs a lib eral helper of every enterprise which gives promise of public benefits. ( Vide also sketch of II. Brown and Snare family, Penn township.) Captain John Speers, son of Henry and Esther (McCreary) Speers, was born in Washington county, Pa., January 13, 1822. His grand father, of German descent, was a Baptist preacher of Pennsylvania, and died there in 1840. His mother AA'as of Scotch-Irish origin. Of her nine children, three are noAv living : William, in California ; Plessy, wife of E. Baker, of Springfield, Mo., ancl John, of Valley toAvnship. Samuel Speers, uncle of John, served in the Bevolution, ancl was wounded — remaining a crippled victim of British tyranny up to the period of his death. Abraham, a brother of our subject, served in the Mexican Avar. His father was a soldier of 1812, and Avas present at the capture of New Orleans by " Old Plickory." He avenged there the wounds inflicted on his older brother by the British during the Revolution. Captain Speers passed his early years on the farm or attending school. At the age of fifteen he entered a machine shop, remained five years there, and then took the position of engineer on a western river steamboat. For thirteen years he was in this service, being captain of the vessel for two years. Early in 1855 he came to Val ley township, purchased a quarter section to Avhich he has since added 360 acres together with presenting eighty acres to one son, 120 acres to another and the cash equivalent of eighty acres to a third son. He also owns a section in Washington county, Kan., half of which is fenced and stocked. In 1844 he married Miss Sarah Cartwright, a native of England who came to the United States with her aunt, Mrs. Sarah, wife of George Price, a machinist, who settled at Brownsville, Pa., 666 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES moved to Jackson county, Ohio, in 1852, where he died, and where Mrs, Price still resides, in the eighty-sixth year of her age. Both of Mrs. Speers'" parents died in England, but a brother ancl sister reside there still. Captain Speers and wife were the parents of eleven chil dren, two of Avhom died in infancy : William F., the eldest, Avho served three years m Company E, Eighty-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, lost his Avife in 1882, leaving three children. He married Mrs. Eliza beth (McCowan) Boughton, for second Avife and resides at. Stark Sta tion. Henry C, who ser\red one year in the Avar, married Miss Mary Nixon, resides in Kansas. Albert J. is a farmer of Valley township ; Mary R. was a school teacher until her marriage Avith William Gray, of Chillicothe, November ,25, 1886 ; Thomas M. died in his tAventy-ninth year, February 21, 1886 ; Oliver C. died March 7, 1868, in his eighteenth year; Esther C, Ella M. and James A. reside with their parents. The father of this large family is a staunch Republican, ancl declares his boys and girls to be also of that political faith. Is a member and stockholder of the Central Agricultural Society, liberal in religious matters, and equally liberal in his financial support of all Christian churches. He has been school director for tAventy-three years ; has served as supervisor, road commissioner, justice, collector, and filled other township offices, and during his residence here of over thirty-one years has never been plaintiff or defendant, but 'served as jujyman sev eral times in a court of justice. Many of his children attend the Con gregational church, and some of them are members thereof. At the date of his marriage he had eighteen dollars capital. Carle Stagg, son of Isaac and Mary (Carle) Stagg, was born in Montgomery county, N. X, in 1840. His paternal ancestors were French, who came to America at a very early date and settled in New York. His father when a young man learned the trade of a carpenter, and at the age of twenty was married to Miss Mary, daughter of John and Lucretia Carle, also natives of New York. Since his marriage, he has divided his attention between farming and his trade. Their home has since been in their native state, although seeking rest from hard labor. They now reside in the toAvn of Canajoharie on the New York Central. Of their family of six children, four still live, Carle Stagg being the only one m Stark county. Carle remained at home until the age of tAventy-two years. Pie taught school two terms in New York, ancl then removed to Wisconsin, and engaged as a farm-hand for the summer, and as teacher for the Avinter. In the spring he removed to Whiteside county, 111., ancl, desiring to learn the trade of his father, he began work with a carpenter, but soon returned to agriculture. After seven months, he visited Story county, la., in search of land, but, finding none to suit him, he Avent to Cedar county and purchased eighty acres of prairie, which he soon had in good con dition for farm work, although beginning work with only 150 cents. The season following, he sold at a bargain, returned to prairie break ing, and doing Avhatever work promised remuneration until the next summer, Avhen, in partnership Avith a brother, purchased eighty acres, which they improved. Tavo years later, he married Miss Anna, the daughter of Plenry and Eliza (Scott) Wingert, a native of Peoria OP VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 669 county, 111., whose parents were natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Maryland, and settlers of Peoria county since 1846, Avhere they still reside. Some three years after their marriage, they removed to their present farm in Valley toAvnship, AA'hich Avas then but little and very poorly improved, now, however, one of the finest and most pro ductive farms in the county. In 1880, Mr. Stagg built his present substantial home, together Avith barns and out-buildings. Their family consists of three children, Mary, Fred, and Everett, all at home. Mr. ancl Mrs. Stagg are members of the Methodist Episcopal church of La Prairie. Mr. S. is a Republican in sentiment, although not tied to party, but uses his judgment to support those whom he considers the best suited for public position. Charles D. Stisser, son of Solomon and Catherine (Bane) Stisser, was born at Lenox, Madison county, N. Y., March 15, 1828. Solomon Avas born in Seneca county, N. Y., Avhere his father, Dr. Stisser, and wife, both natives of Germany, settled after the Bevolution. During the Bevolution he Avas surgeon, and Avon a national reputation. After the Avar he settled in Seneca county, and practiced medicine there until his death. Solomon received a fair education, and selected the black smith's trade, Avhich he followed until the Avar of 1812 broke out. He served throughout this last struggle of the British to strangle freedom in her home. After peace Avas declared he married Miss Kate Bane, to whom was born three children, the subject of this sketch being the only surA'ivor. This lady died at Lenox, N. Y.. in 1830. A year later Solomon married his late wife's sister, moved to Orleans county, and resided there until his death in 1875. Charles D. passed his boyhood years in York State. In 1852 he moved to Chicago, and was in the river and canal marine for a number of years, being the OAvner of seven canal boats, and of the steamer Wenona, which he sold at St. Louis, Mo., in 1863. While there he purchased a farm in Stark county, ancl in 1866 purchased a second farm in Peoria county, on Avhich he resided tAvo years. In 1868 he added to his acres in VaUey tOAA'nship, sold his Peoria farm, came to reside here, ancl has since made it his home, OAvning 488 acres in Valley and 80 in Goshen. In 1863 he mar ried Miss Carrie F., daughter of Sylvanus ancl Permelia Mallory, the former a native of Vermont, who, moving to York State, was married there, and with his family came to Marshall county, 111. In 1 852 he moved to Adair county, la., returned to Marshall county after the Avar, and died there in 1882. To Mrs. Stisser five children were born, four of whom are living: Edgar E., Alicia B., Atta W., Charles L. and Nettie D. Mrs. S. is a member of the Congregational church, of AA'hich her husband is a supporter. Politically, he is Bepublican, and in school matters zealous and earnest. Being of a domestic nature, he refrains from active participation in local or state affairs, but what is worthy of moral or financial aid finds ahvays in him a patron. George C. Van Osdel, son of James M. ancl Margaret (Bates) Van Osdel, was born in Fishkill, Dutchess county, N. Y., December 13, 1842. His ancestors migrated from Holland to NeAV York at an early day; his parents Avere natives of NeAV York, Avho removed to Illinois in 1854- settled in Kendall county, Avhere his father engaged at his trade Missing Page Missing Page Missing Page 670 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES of blacksmith, and continued so engaged at Millington until his death, January 16, 1884. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and always held the position of class-leader. His mother, now aged sixty-four years, resides at Yorkville, Kendall county. George C. Van Osdel is the second child of a family of ten children, of whom seA'en are still living; one brother being engaged in the ministry. He spent his early life at home, assisting m the duties of the farm. His educational advantages were limited to the common schools, but apply ing himself diligently to study he acquired a practical education. At the age of tAventy-one he entered Bryant & Stratton's college, at Chi cago, and, completing his studies there, in 1864, returned to Kendall county, Avhere, at Newark, he engaged in clerking. After a short time he joined Company F, One-hundred-and-forty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Avas promoted corporal, and at the close of his term of enlist ment returned to his duties at the store. In 1865 he went to Aurora, where he engaged as clerk for a short time, Avhen he was attacked by sciatic rheumatism, from Avhich he suffered about a year. Becoyermg from this attack sufficiently to resume business, he was engaged as instructor in the public schools of La Salle and Kendall counties. In 1867 he was granted a license to preach in the Methodist Episcopal church. In 1868 he married Miss Clara A., a daughter of Edward P. and Hannah (Gridley) Bibbins, born in Kendall county, 111., December 13, 1847. In 1871 Mr. Van Osdel became a member of the Baptist church, and was engaged in the ministry at Nevvark, Somonauk, Wyo ming ancl Toulon, 111. In 1876 he came to Wyoming and assumed charge of the Baptist church there, for one year ; he moved to Toulon, Avhere he was engaged as pastor of the Second Baptist church. He Avas instrumental in uniting the two churches. He Avas also engaged in photography, Avhich he still folloAvs, being the onlv photographer at Toulon. On February 16, 1883, Mrs. Van Osdel died. Of the four children Avho blessed this union, one died during infancy. In 1884 he married Miss Isabel Stuckey, of Washington Courthouse, 0., who Avas born in Fayette county, O., in 1843. Bolitically, Mr. Van Osdel is a Bepublican. In 1881 he was elected justice of the peace, which office he still holds. He has been quite active m political affairs, ancl has held the office of village clerk. His penchant for home studies has accompanied him in his later years and he is now reading law, with a vieAv of becoming a member of the bar of Illinois. Harriet N. Wilmot, daughter of William and Harriet N. (Morrill) Bicker, was born in Topsham, Me., November 17, 1845. Her father was born in Maine, August 12, 1812, receh'ed a liberal education, and from the age of eighteen to thirty-three Avas engaged in school teach ing every winter. At the age of twenty-one he moved to Topsham, ancl AA'as identified Avith mercantile interests there until 1851, when he moved to Marshall county, 111., purchased land, and in 1853 Avas joined there by his wife and children. He married Miss Morrill October 1, 1840, at Topsham. Eleven children blessed this union, seven of whom are living: Mary E. L., Lyman J., Harriet N., Samuel M., Willie C, Annie E., Susannah I., B. A., Timinicus, Lucy O. and Freddie 0. In 1867 the family moved to Peoria county, where Mr. Ricker Avas engaged OF VALIKV TOWNSHIP. 671 in mercantile life until his death, in 1878. His AvidoAv resides at Cham paign, 111., since 1880. Mrs. Wilmot shared the travels and fortunes of the family until 1863, AA'hen she married Asahel Wilmot, of Steuben county,' N. Y. He was the son of Stephen B. and Betsy (Clawson) Wilmot. At the age of thirteen years he came to Marshall county, 111., Avith his parents. In 1852 his brother, brother-in-law ancl himself orossed the plains to California, met Avith disappointments, and turned his steps toAvard the silver mines of Mexico, but Avould not be allowed entrance Avith firearms. Beturning on foot to California, raised a crop of Avheat, which Avas rusted so badly that he turned in a drove of hogs to fatten, but bears came ancl carried the hogs off. He then engaged in splitting rails, and in 1857 left the " golden land," coming home via the Isthmus, the Mississippi ancl Illinois rivers. Pie remained on a farm in La Prairie until 1861, when he enlisted in Co. G, Forty-seventh Illinois Infantry, and served at Shiloh ancl in all subsequent actions for fourteen months, receiving honorable discharge October 15, 1862. In the fall of 1862 he purchased eighty acres in Valley, ancl after his marriage with Miss Bicker, in November, 1863, settled here. After nine years he removed to his Chillicothe farm, but in 1878 returned to Valley, ancl died January 19, 1881, at his home, Avhere the family still reside. Of eight children born to them, Asahel G, Lillie B., Ambrosia D., Fred L., Boyal W., Clawson M., Ethan A., are at home ; Willie B. is numbered with the dead. This large family has held an important dlace in the history of Stark for almost a quarter of a century, and since its youth the Wilmots ancl Bickers were known here. Samuel Wrigley, son of Edmund and Alice (HoAvarth) Wrigley, Avas born at Plooleybridge, England, in 1830. There he first worked in the cotton factories, and afterward learned the blacksmith and machinist's trade. In 1853 he came to the United States, and settling at Wyo ming, followed for five years his trade. In 1858 he moved to his farm on. section 6, Valley tOAvnship, Avhere his home has since been made. Before leaving England he Avas married to Miss Betsy, daughter of Jos. Garred. Tavo years later she joined her husband in America; to her five children Avere born here ancl here she died, in 1862, as re lated in other pages. Mr. Wrigley was married to Miss Joanna E. Armstrong. They are the parents of six children. Politically, he is a Bepublican. In tOAvnsnip matters he has for about thirty years been prominent, having held the positions of assessor and treasurer of the township, and school treasurer, filling all Avith credit to himself and the township. Pie is a member of the Masonic fraternity. For fifteen years he has been engaged in stock-growing, ancl has converted his farm of 320 acres from the wild prairie which it Avas Avhen he moved upon it, into one of the finest ancl most productive tracts of Avhich his township can boast. His home is modern in style and conveniences. CHAPTER XXIII. WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. |HE township called West Jersey since 1853, the date of its organization, was formerly known as Massillon Pre cinct. Unlike the other townships of the county, the en try of its lands was not made under the soldier's homestead act, as the advisors of the men of 181 2, to whom permis sion was granted to locate "floats" in Illinois, did not look favorably on this portion of Walnut Creek Valley, and accordingly their selections of quarter sections here Avere very few. In 1836 the speculator as well as the settler came, and before 1 852 almost every acre had passed into their hands. With the exception of the "Barrens" a small tract of sand, the township presents one of the finest agricultural districts in the whole Walnut Creek region. Spring wells, such as are on the Mahany farm, and spring creeks are common, and in minerals, such as coal and fire-clay, it is not wanting. The population in 1880 was 1,207, including ninety-four in West Jersey village. Tlie church and school have been institutions here almost from the beginnings of settlement, and for years the village of West Jersey and hamlet of Starwano have been centers for mutual benefit and literary associations. The original entries of lands in toAvnship 12 north, range 5 east, and the names of the present owners of each tract are given as follows: Solomon Marshall, n. e. qr., sec. 1, April 6, 1818. John Ham. Herman Knox, n. w. qr., sec. 1, July 19, 1836. John Ham. Robert P. Coates, s. w. qr. , sec . 1 ; Nov. 7, 1836. J. V. B. and J. W. Mahany. Herman Knox, s. e. qr., sec. 1; July 19, 1836. J. V. B. Mahany. Herman Knox, n. e. qr., sec. 2; July 19, 1836. John Ham, e. hf ; John Jackson, w. hf. David Barber, n. w. qr., sec. 2; Aug. 13, 1836. Charles Potter, west side; John Jackson, e. side. Robert B. Coates, s. w. qr. sec. 2; Nov. 8, 1836. Charles Potter. Onille H. Browning, s. e. qr., sec. 2; Sept. 5, 1836; Carlon Rice, east side; Charles Potter, w. side. Orville H. Browning, n. e. qr., sec. 3; Sept. 7, 1836. Thomas Terry. Orville H. Browning, n. w. qr., sec. 3; Sept. 7, 1836. Thomas Pyle, n. e. qr. of; B. R. Brown, n. w. qr. of, and s. hf . of. David Barber, s. w. qr., sec. 3 ; Aug. 13, 1836. Philip Knoff, n. hf . of; George Leigh, s. hf. of. David Barber, s. e. qr., sec. 3; Aug. 13, 1836. Daniel D. Addis, e. hf.; R. A. Boyd, w. hf. Andrew Johnson, n. e. qr., sec. 4.; Aug. 13, 1836. B. R. Brown. George A. Charles, e. hf . n. w. qr., sec. 4; May 10, 1836. B. R. Brown. David Simmerman, w. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 4; Feb. 29, 1836. George Simmerman. Daniel Trash, s. w. qr., sec. 4; Nov. 29, 1817. J. C. Atherton, n. hf.; J'. L. Young, s, hf . 672 WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 673 Andrew Johnson, s. e. qr., sec. 4; Aug. 13, 1836. George Simmerman, n. hf . ; J. L. Young, s. hf . Silas Richards, e. hf ., n. e. qr., sec. 5; Feb. 29, 1836. George Simmerman, e. hf . and s. w. qr. of. Silas Richards, w. hf., n. e. qr., sec. 5; Nov. 2, 1835. J. H. Emery, n. w. qr., and part of e. hf . Jesse Emmery, n. e.„n. w. qr., sec. 5; Aug. 13, 1836. Hannah J. Emmery, e. hf . of Isaiah Berry, w. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 5; May 26, 1836. James H. Emery, w. hf. of. Silas Richards, n. e., s. w. qr.,sec. 5; Nov. 2, 1835. Sarah J. Wilson. Samuel Moore, w. hf . s. w. qr., sec. 5; June 16, 1836. Sarah J. Wilson. Jesse Emmery, s. e., s. w. qr., sec. 5; Oct. 19, 1836. Sarah J., Wilson. George Simmerman, n. e., s. e. qr., sec. 5; July 19, 1836. G. Simmerman, e. side of n. e. qr. of. Francis C. Moore, s. e., s. e. qr., sec. 5; July 7, 1851. J. C. Atherton, w. side of n. e. qr. of, and also w. hf . David Simmerman, w. hf., s. e. qr., sec. 5; Feb. 29, 1836. James Addis, s. e. qr. of. Joseph Morton, e. hf. and w. hf., n. e. qr., sec. 6; June 25, 1835. Joseph Pal mer, n. e. qr. Joseph Morton, e. hf . and w. hf . n. w. qr., sec 6; June 25, 1835. Willard Palmer, part n. w. qr. ; H. C. Cree, part n. w. qr. Conrad Emmery, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 6; July 25, 1835. Town lots. Samuel Moore, w. hf., s. w. qr., sec. 6; June 6, 1836: ToAvn lots. Joseph Emmery, n. e. qr. s. e. qr., sec. 6; Aug. 3, 1835. Town lots. Jacob Emmery, w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 6; July 25, 1835. Town lots. David Simmerman, s. e. qr. s. e. qr., sec. 6; Feb. 29, 1836. Town lots. Isaiah Berry, e. hf. n. e. qr., see. 7; May 26, 1836. Philip Cromier. David Simmerman,w. hf . n. e. qr., sec. 7; Feb. 29, 1836. Syl. Orwig and P. Cro mier. William Cue, e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 7; May 9, 1836. Irvin Addis, n. e. qr. of; Ja cob M. Jones, w. hf. of s. e. qr., of; S. P. Smith, e. hf. of s. e. qr. of; Addis S. Jones, parts of w. hf . of; J. M. Jones. William Kent, w. hf . n. w. hf., sec. 7; Aug. 3, 1836. William Kent, s. w. qr., sec. 7; Aug. 3, 1836. Alexander Mosher, s. e. qr., sec. 7; Aug. 20, 1853. A. B. Smith, e. hf. of; S. Or wig, n. w. qr. of; O. B. Smith, s. w. qr. of; J. L. Young; G. Simmerman, Shadrach Morris, I. L. Newman. R. R. and Arch. Williams, n. e. qr., sec. 8; Aug. 15, 1836. R. R. and Arch. Williams, n. w. qr., sec. 8; Aug. 15, 1836. W. E. Cook. Ebenezer Bacon, s. w. qr., sec. 8; Nov. 5, 1836. Elizabeth Newman. Stephen Griggs, e. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 8; July 27, 1835. Isaac L. Newman. Ebenezer Bacon, w. hf . s. e. qr., sec. 8; Nov. 5, 1836. Isaac L. Newman. Andrew Johnson, n. e. qr., sec. 9; Aug. 13, 1836. James Addis. Milcon Richards, e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 9; Aug. 13, 1836. Eli Emery. John Field, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 9; Nov. 9, 1836. Eli Emery. Andrew Johnson, s. w. qr., sec. 9; Aug. 15, 1836. I. L. Newman, Margaret Sim merman. Andrew Johnson, s. e. qr., sec. 9; Aug. 13, 1836. S. V Addis, Margaret Sim merman, Isaac L. Newman. John B Burlingam, n. e. qr., sec. 10; Oct. 5, 1836. R. A. Boyd, C. L Hazen. David Barber, n.w. qr., sec. 10; Aug. 13, 1836. D. O. Addis. Robert E. Little, s. av. qr. and s. e. qr., sec. 10; Oct. 5, 1836. E. Newman, s. w. qr .; J. R. Henrv, s. w. qr.; C. L. and S. R. Hazen, s. e. qr. EdAvard C. Delavan, all sec. 11; Oct. 5, 1836. I. V. B. and J. W. Mahan; R. Stonier, John and R. M. Hazen. Herman Knox, n. e. qr., sec. 12; July 19, 1836. Poor farm. David Barber, n. w. qr.,sec. 12; Aug. 13, 1836. Sam Cree. David Barber, s. e. qr., sec. 12; Aug. 13, 1836. J.W.Cole Henry Emmery, s. w. qr., sec. 12; March 30, 1849. S. Cree and J. W. Cole, S" toward Ogle, n. e. and s. e. qr., sec. 13; Sept. 22, 1836. Theo. Whitten, D. Ad 1S' Jonah LewisTn. w. and s. w. qr., sec. 13; July 31, 1838. W. A. Currie, B. H. Trickle. 674 HISTORY OE STARK COUNTY. Jonah Lewis, n. e. qr. and s. e. qr., sec. 14; July 30, 1838. J. Hazen, J. W. Cole and S. W. Newton, n. e. qr. Jonah Lewis, e. hf. of n. av. qr., e. hf. of s. w. qr., sec. 14; Nov. 2, 1841. John B. Burlingame, w. hf . of n. w. qr., sec. 14; Oct. 5, 1836. John W. Cole, R. Stonier, n. av. qr. Royal Arnold, w. hf. of s. w. qr., sec. 14; May 6, 1839. Levi Silliman, W. Newton, John McKinstry, s. e. qr. Charles Akin, n. e. qr., sec. 15; Oct. 5, 1836. J. E. Smith, A. Kamerer. Charles Akin, n. av. qr., sec. 15; Oct. 5, 1836. I. L. Newton, John H. Anthony. Philander Arnold, s. w. qr., sec. 15; July 31, 1838. Francis Anthony and W. H. Givitts. Philander Arnold, s. e. qr.,sec. 15; July 31, 1838. Andrew Kamerer. Philip Knoff, pt. lots 1 and 2, sec. 16; June 25, 1847. Philip Knoff, E. Newman, A. Johnson, G. Sheets, C. W. Young, A. Vansickle, S. J. Fox, AVatson Henry, Ellen Nelson, J. H. Emery and W . C. Henry are taxed as owners of property in this section. Thomas Clark, pt. lots 7 and 8, sec. 16; May 21, 1847. Aaron Johnson, pt It. 3, sec. 16; June 3. 1851. David Emmery, pt. lot 4, sec. 16; Aug. 7, 1848. Jacob Young, pt. lot 5, sec. 16; Aug. 8, 1846. < George Sheets, pt. lot 6, sec. 16; Sept. 4, 1848. Joel S. AVilson, pt. lots 11 and 14, sec. 16; June 20, 1848. Jacob Young, pt. lot 12, sec. 16; Dec. 16, 1846. William Locey, pt. lot 13, sec. 16; June 10, 1850. John AV. Hanna, pt. lot 9, sec. 16; Nov. 30, 1846. John W. Hanna, pt. lot 10, see. 16; Sept. 16, 1848. Jacob Young, pt. lots 15 and 16, sec. 16; Aug. 8, 1846. A. and R. li. Williams, n. e. qr., sec. 17; July 25, 1835. I. L. Newman, Reuben Swank, A. Brazee. W. Swank, inn. e. qr. Daniel Bane, n. hf., n. av. qr., sec. 17; July 12, 1852. E. Newman, J. Dryden, A. Brazee, R. Swank, J. B. Newman, in the n. w. qr. Carson Berfield, s. hf ., n. w. qr., sec. 17, April 4, 1836. John Berfield, n. hf., s. w. qr., sec. 17; April 18, 1836. R. Swank and M. Bell in s. w. qr. John Berfield, s. hf., s. w., qr., sec. 17; Oct. 8, 1836. Hezekiah Adcock, s. e. qr., sec. 17; Dec. 7, 1817. Elisha Swank and Reuben Swank, in s. e. qr. Robert G. Rankin, n. e. qr., sec. 18; March 23, 1837. John and Thomas Dryden, in n. e. qr. Andrew Johnson, e. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 18; March 18, 1837. P. Cromier, J. Dry den and James Coleman, in n. w. qr. Morris C. Miller, av. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 18; Nov. 8, 1852. Morris C. Miller, n. hf., lots 1 and 2, s. w. qr., sec. 18; Dec. 16, 1851. Michael Plankael, James Coleman and Samuel Coleman, in s. av. qr. J. B. Gilpin and C. B. Lawrence, s. hf., s. w. qr., sec. 18; Sept. 12, 1853. Robert G. Rankin, s. e. qr., s. w. qr.,sec. 18; March 23, 1827. Thomas Dryden, J. B. Newman and M. Bell, s. e. qr. Michael Jones, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 19; June 19, 1837. M. Bell, J. B. Newman, W. Peve and J. J. Shockley, in n. e. qr. Peter Nicholson, w. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 19; Jan. 7, 1854. David McCoy, lot 1, n. w. qr., sec. 19; Nov. 22, 1851. John Caton, n. w. qr. Samuel McCoy, lot 2, n. w. qr., sec. 19; Nov. 24, 1851. Almond Soule, Jr., e. hf. s. av. qr., sec. 19; April 26, 1837. Theo. F. Hurd, n. w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 19; July 30, 1851. John Lafferty, s. w. hf. s. w. qr. , sec. 19; Jan. 3, 1854. Summer Shaw, n. e. hf. se. qr. , see. 19; Aug. 3, 1836. John Caton, all except AVm. Peve's part of av. hf., and S. F. Rice, in s. w. qr. of s. w. qr. Nathaniel McClure, av. hf. and s. e. hf. of s. e. qr., sec. 19; April 26, 1837. Nathaniel McClure, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 20; April 26, 1837. B. N. Fox, J. J. Shock- ley, W. P. Clifflord, G. AV. Shockley, J. Bodine, John AViley and A. Van Sickle, in sec. 20. Allen Grunlee, av. hf. n. e. qr", sec. 20; June 7, 1838. Michael Jones, n. w. qr., sec. 20; April 19, 1837. Loring H. Reynolds, s. w. qr. , sec. 20; April 27, 1836. Charles Davis, s. e. qr., sec. 20; Jan. 31. 1818. Elisha Barton, n. e. qr., sec. 21; July 23, 1846. W. H. Little, n. e. cor.; M. R. Hurd, n. end e. hf of n. e. qr. ; David Webster, s. end of same, and C. Chamberlin, e. WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 675 hf. of w. hf. qr. of n. e. qr. In this section also are H. R. Swank, W. Johnson, C. W. Young, Brown & Adams and A. Vansickle. Henry R. Swank, n,-e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 21; April 18, 1850. Nathaniel McClure, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 21; April 26, 1837. Ezra Witter, s. e. hf . n. w. qr. sec. 21; March 5, 1852. Benj. Shearman, s. w. qr., sec. 21; Oct. 6, 1817. William Riggin, e. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 21; March 24, 1837. John Riggin, w. hf., s. e. qr. sec. 21; May 13, 1N37. Nathaniel McClure, n. e. qr., sec. 22; April 26, 1837. S. H. Huffman, W. Egbert. John Smith, Jr , n. w. qr., sec. 22; July 20, 1837. M. A. SAvank, S. J. Fox, Cath erine Saunders and A. D. Perrine, in n. av. qr. Wm. Kent, e. hf . s. w. qr., sec. 22; March 24, 1837. Perrine D. Webster in s. av. quarter. John Smith, w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 22; May 11, 1837. Nicholas Walsh, s. e. qr., sec. 22; Jan. 7. 1818. Jonathan Pratz, s. e. qr. Nathaniel McClure, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 2i; April 26, 1837. Daniel Huffman. Henry Emer}^ av. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 23; May 16, 1848. Robert Stonier. John Smith, n. av. qr., sec. 23; May 11, 1837. M. A. Swank, E. G. Swank and U. W. Swank, n. w. qr , and in the s. w. and s. e. qrs. are L. C. Egbert, Stephen Mer- riam, D. Huffman and Hattie McCormick. Harrison Armstrong, s. av. qr., sec. 23; Dec. 2, 1836. Stephen Trickle, s. e. qr., sec. 23; May 13, 1837. George Clayburg, n. e. qr., sec. 24; May 13, 1837. Levi Eckley, Catherine Spencer, Sylvester Bamber, Wm. White, D. B. Shutts, Edward Trickle, sec. 24. Wm. Porter, n. w. qr.. sec. 24; May 31, 1837. Edward Porter, s. w. qr., sec. 24; May 31, 1837. Lewis Finch, s. e. qr., sec. 24; Oct. 17, 1836. Ezra Witter, n . e. qr.,sec. 25; Oct. 17, 1836. Isaac Addis, D. B. Shutts, D. Gingrich, Catherine Trimmer, H. Proutz, Levi Eckley, John Adams, and A. W Hotch kiss, in sec. 25. John Carter, n. w. qr., sec. 25; May 13, 1837. George R. Eckley, e. hf. s. av. qr., sec. 25; June 4, 1836. Ephraim Barnett, av. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 25; July 20, 1836. George Dearborn, s. e. qr.. sec. 25; Jan. 20, 1818. Jamesl. C. Carpenter, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 26; Dec. 3, 1836. A. J. Finley, Hattie McCormick, Jonathan Pratz, Levi Eckley, AVm. Whitten, John Adams, in sec. 26. Ellis Dwire, av. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 26; Aug. 11, 1836. Harrison Armstrong, e. hf. n. av. qr., sec. 26; Dec. 2, 1836. Harrison Armstrong, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 26; Nov. 7, 1836. John Smith, n e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 26; May 11, 1837. Philip Keller, w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 26; Aug. 3, 1836. John BroAvn, s. e. qr. s. w. qr. , sec. 26; June 4, 1836. Ephraim Barnett, e. hf . s. e. qr., sec. 26; July 20. 1836. Stephen Trekell, n.w. hf., s. e. qr., sec. 26; April 21, 1837. John Brown, s. w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 26; June 4, 1836. Jacob Clayburg, e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 27; Aug. 3, 1836. L. J. Hazen, S. R. Hazen, W. O. Leigh, Samuel Leigh, A. J. Johnson, J. Pratz, J.E. Pratz, in sec. 27. William Kent, n. w. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 27; Sept. 3 1836. Jacob Clayburg, s. av. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 27; Aug. 3, 1836. Newton Matthews, n. av. qr., sec. 27; Oct. 10, 1836. Newton Matthews, e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 27; Oct. 10, 1836. Augustus Moore, w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 27; July 20, 1&36. Harrison Armstrong, s. e. qr., sec. 27; Nov. 7, 1836. Enos Holmes, n. e. qr., sec. 28; Aug. 12, 1836. N. B. Leigh, F. Dugan. Sheldon Clark, n. w. qr., sec. 28; Feb. 9, 1818. S. II . Saunders. James Main, s. w. qr., sec. 28; Oct. 28, 1817. A. D. Vansickle. Nehemiah Wycoff, s. e. qr., sec. 28; July 27, 1836. Joseph Reed and Boyd estate. Charles Higgins, n. e. qr., sec. 29; Nov. 29, 1817. The present oAvners of sec. 29 are John Wiley°and Vincent Dancer, in n. e. qr.; Julia A. Stratton, V. Dancer, Daniel Smith, in n. w. qr. ; V Dancer, D. Smith, Thomas Riggin, and Darms Sanders, in s. av. qr. , and J. P. Bodine, in s. e. qr. Washington Trickle, e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 29; April 11, 18.-ib LoringH. Reynolds, w. hf. n. av. qr.. sec. 29; April 27, 1S36. Washington Trickle, e. hf. s. av. qr., sec. 29; Jan. 26, 1836. Washington Trickle, w hf. s. w. qr., sec. 29; June 19, 1837. 676 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY. Charles Hoover, s. e. qr., sec. 29; Nov. 29, 1817. Nathaniel McClure, n. e. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 30; July 20, 1837. On sec. 30 are the following named landholders: D. P. Srhith, John Caton, John Ingle, E. II. Gale, James A. Stargell, G. W. Elliott, David Stargell, Sylvester Cravens, Samuel W. Smith, A. Vansickle. Nathaniel McClure, n. w. hf . n. e. qr., sec. 30 ; Aug. 3, 1836. Therrygood Smith, s. hf. n. e. qr., sec. 30; Jan. 6, 1836. James W. Slocum, n. w. qr. n. e. qr., sec. 30; Dec. 25, 1835. Almond Soule, Jr., n. e. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 30; April 26, 1837. Lewis D. White, s. e. hf., s. w. qr., sec. 30; May 3, 1855. Washington Trickle, w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 30; Nov. 5, 1836. Nathaniel McClure, s. e. qr., sec. 30; July 20, 1837. John Smith, n. e. qr., sec. 31; May 23, 1836. On sec. 31 are: S. W. Smith, John Wiley, John W. Gross, Sylvester Cravens, I. H. Schrider, John Hart, William Gross and Bernard Whitmore. Lewis D. White, n. e. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 31; May 3, 1855. Robert Armstrong, w. hf., n. sub., sec. 31; Sept. 28, 1844. Gilbert Arnold, s. hf. n. sub., sec. 31; Aug. 30, 1837. Gilbert Arnold, e. hf. s. av. qr., sec. 31; June 14, 1837. John Smith, n. w. hf . s. w. qr., sec. 31; May 23, 1836. , John Lesley, s. w. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 31; June 14, 1837. Enos Holmes, s. e. qr., sec. 31; Aug. 12, 1836. Elijah Smith, n. e. qr., sec. 32; Nov. 24, 1818. The tax payers on lands in sec. .32 are: Aaron Vansickle, Joseph Bodine, Vincent Dancer, John Wiley, S. W. Smith, Watson Egbert, James McGinniss, Thomas Riggin, F. M. Hazen, J. W. Cole, John Hazen, AVilliam Whitten, Samuel Leigh, J. D. Webster, Philip Beamer, Henry Webster, J. D. Webster. John Riggin, e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 32; Jan. 26, 1836. Washington Trickle, n. w. hf . n. w. qr., sec. 32; Dec. -25, 1835. John Riggin, s. av. hf., n. w. qr., sec. 32; Jan. 26. 1836. William W. Webster, s. w. qr., sec. 32; Oct. 22, 1835. Ebenezer Nichols, s. e. qr.. sec. 32; Nov. 23, 1818. William W. Webster, n. e. qr., sec. 33; Oct. 22, 1835. On sec. 33 are: Henry Webster, J. D. Webster, A. B. Jones, James Webster, Henry Sweet, Carl Rich and Bernard Winter. Peleg Tupper, n. w. qr., sec. 33; July 30, 1818. John Scott, s. w. qr., sec. 33; July 30, 1818. OliA'er Whiltaker, e. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 33; May 12, 1855. Patrick Butler, w. hf. s. e. qr., sec. 33; Dec. 20, 1851. Edward Stewart, n. e. qr., sec. 34; April 17, 1818. On sec. 34 are: Mary J. Young, Sarah E. Coleman, Daniel Leigh's heirs, J. H. Mcintosh, D. R. Gilvin, Solomon Johnson, John Sargent, A. J. Johnson. Joseph Wright, e. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 34; February 11, 1836. Augustus Moore, w. hf. n. w. qr., sec. 34; May 7, 1836. Augustus Moore, s. w. qr., sec. 34; May 7, 1836. Robert C. Jackson, s. e. qr., sec. 34; April 17, 1818. Cromwell Bullock, n. e. qr., sec 35; April 14, 1818. On sec. 35 are: A. J. Finley, Eliza A. Lorance, John E. Pratz, Jackson Lorance, Sarah H. Stimmell, Vir- gennie Brady, F. L. Stimmell, Missouri Griffin, Sarah H. Stimmell, Isaac L. Stimmell, and Jonathan Pratz . Cato Bunnell, n. w. qr., sec. 35; April 9, 1818. Henry S. Hunt, s. w. qr., sec. 35; Jan. 3, 1818. Jacob Smith, s. e. qr., sec. 35; February 11, 1836. John Phillips, n. e. qr., sec. 36; Dec. 4, 1817. The owners of sec. 36 are: Isaac Addis, M. P. Gingrich, Levi Eckley, John Adams, Edward Trickle, Dan Gingrich, and C. L. Gingrich. David Bowen, n. w. qr., sec. 36; March 18, 1818. George R. Eckley, e. hf . a. w. qr., sec. 36; April 20, 1836. Ephraim Barnett", av. hf. s. w. qr., sec. 36; June 4, 1836. Edward Trickle, e. hf. s. c. qr., sec. 36; Oct. 14, 1836. George Weaver, w. hf . s. e. qr., sec. 36; May 23, 1836. Schools. — West Jersey Avas organized for school purposes -April 5, 1842, Avhen twenty-tAvo voters assembled at Bhil. Arnold's house and voted for incorporation. The toAvnship Avas divided into two districts WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 677 in April, 1842, by the trustees. In 1845 there were 106 pupils in the township. In 1846, Wash. Trickle, C. M. S. Lyon,and A. G-. Dunn were trustees, Avith the latter treasurer. D. V. Frazer taught in district No. 6. A. C. Cohvell Avas also a teacher. John Berfield Avas appointed treasurer in 1847, and Fhilander Arnold and John Berfield, trustees. Miss S. E. Bbocles taught in district 4. In 1818, John Emery, C. M. S. Lyon and W. W. Webster trustees. In '49, C. M. S. Lyon appointed treasurer. Ih '50, Carbon Berfield, Isaac Heiner and Sylvester H. San ders, Avere trustees. In '52 W. W. Webster Avas trustee. In '54, John Wolf, William M. Bratt and Aaron Aten. Avere elected trustees. The teachers Avere E. C. Dyer, M. DAvire, J. C. Buchanan, J. E. Hitchcock, and Eliza Yocum. In '54, James C. Egbert Avas appointed treasurer. In '56, Jacob Young was elected trustee. M. Dwire, Sarah J. Lamper, S. M. Winchester, E. M. Cooper, B. H. BoAver, Lucy W. Norton, Justin Denis Avere teachers. In '62, Eph. Markley, S. A. Munson and LeAvis Olmstead, Avere trustees, Avith James C. Egbert, treasurer, succeeded in '63 by C. W. Young. In '64, Jeff. Baymond, I. L. NeAvman ancl S. A. Munson, were trustees, avIio serA'ed until October, '68, Avhen Norman E. Bomroy, I. L. Newman ancl Jefferson Baymond, Avere elected, (there was no election held in '67), Avho served until '73, when James McGin nis took Mr. NeAvman's place, C. W. Young still acting as treasurer. In '74, Bobert Stonier Avas elected trustee, and Jesse McKinstry, treas urer. In '75, I. L. Newman AA'as chosen trustee ; A. J. Johnson, in '76, John W. Cole in '77; in '78, G. M. Hazen; in '79; D. B. Shultz ; in '80, G. M. Hazen ancl Frank Berfield; in '81, B. B. Worley and Thomas Dryden, and Joseph SAvank, appointed deputv treasurer. In '82, Thomas Dryden, James McGinnis ancl John Hazen, were elected trustees, ancl Joseph Swank AA'as chosen treasurer and clerk ; James B. Henry, trustee in '85, and Henry SAveet in '86. In December, '55, Henry Seymore taught a school of eighteen pupils near Jacob Smith's, West Jersey, for $20 per month and board. Like other schools of the county at that time, there were no regular books in use. In June, '56, Miss' S. J. Lamper was teacher, at $4 per week ancl board ; thirteen pupils attended. A school near W. Trickle's house, West Jersey, Avas opened November 1, '55, by S. LaAv, teacher, with fifteen or twenty pupils. On June 4, '56, Miss M. E. Cooper pre sided over thirty-five pupils, although there were fifty enrolled. She received $4 per "week ancl board. In '57, C. M.'S. Lyon, Jacob Young ancl S. H. Sanders, were elected trustees. Among the teachers Avere : S. LaAv, D. B. Gelvin, George B. dimming, C. F. Conklin, E. J. Creigh ton, M. E. M. Cooper, and J. J. Clark. In '58, John H. Anthony, Jackson Lorance ancl W. M. Bratt, Avere trustees. The names of Sarah BaldAvin, Wilson Spencer, B. B. Bobinson, Julia II. Bratt and James E. Squiers, appear among the teachers. In '60, Daniel Olmstead, E. Mar- key ancl W. W. Biggen, Avere trustees, J. C. Egbert still holding the treasurer's office. The total number of children in the twelve districts in '62, was 638. In '86, there Avere 283 males and 238 females under twentv-one years, nine ungraded schools attended by 219 males ancl 182 females.' presided over by eight male and sixteen female teachers, the former receiving £1,393.67, and the latter $981.50. The tax levy 40 678 HISTORY OE STARK COUNTY. was $2,820, value of property, $6,050; total receipts, $4,214.64; ex pended, $3,101.15. Joseph Swank served as treasurer and clerk. Officials. — The supervisors, other than the one referred to m organic chapter, are named as follows : '53-6, W. W.Webster; '56-8, C. M. S. Lyon ; '58, S. H. Sanders ; '59, Ephraim Markley ; '60, C. M. S. Lyon ; '61, Aaron Schmuck ; '62, C. M. S. Lyon ; '63, Milton Atherton ; '64, Isaac L. NeAvman ; '65-8, Nelson Jone,s ; '68, Levi Eckley; '69-71; Isaac L. Newman; '71-3, AndreAv J. Johnson; '73-6, Daniel B. Gel- vin; '76, James McGinnis ; '77, A. J. Johnson; '78, I. L. Newman ; '79, I. L. Newman; '80, H. C. Hyde; '81, George M. Hazen; '82, Lewis Eg bert ; '83, Lewis Q. Egbert; '84, Fhilip Beanier; '85, Lewis C. Eg bert; '86, John Hazen. The justices were : '53, Washington Trickle and Jacob Young ; '56, John H. Anthony, Jacob Young; '61, S. F. Farrar and Jeff. Bay mond ; '65, C. W. Young and D. B. Gelvin ; '69, Charles W. Young and A. J. Finley; '73, A. J. Johnson and C. W. Young; '77, J. H. An thony and B. C. Laing; '78, Joseph Swank; '81, Joseph Swank and J. H. Anthony ; '82, John W. Cole ; '85, Joseph Swank and J. H. An thony; '86, J. W. Cole. As stated in the general history, this township and Goshen opposed affiliation with Coffee county in 1837, but supported connection with Stark in 1838-9. It was organized in 1853, and the name conferred in honor of the number of New Jersey people, who had then made set tlements here. Pioneer Neighbors. — Before proceeding to notice the pioneers of the township, let us examine Avho were their neighbors on the south and Avest. Millbrook ToAvnship adjoining, was first settled in '33 by William Metcalf and his family. In '36, John Smith, jr., platted the village of Bochester, Clark Stanton being the only other settler there then. About this time one Hurd opened a store there, but was soon succeeded by Stacy, & Holmes. In '37, a mill was erected here ; in '46, Therrygood Smith was chosen first postmaster. Dr. John Fifield prac ticed therefrom '38 to '45. In '44 the Christian church Avas organized there by Milton King ; the Congregational in '41, by S. G. Wright, at the house of Elias Wycoff, Avhich was known as Spoon Biver Congre gational church until '66. In '36, Bev. William Cummings organized the Methodist church, and George G. Sill, the Old School Presbyterian church. In '36-7, Caleb North taught the first school for $10 per month. Victoria Township, of Knox county, adjoins West Jersey on the Avest. In '35 the Fraziers, John Essex and Edward BroAvn made the first settlement, ancl folloAving them came Moses Moody and Archibald Bobinson ; William Overlancler, John ancl Conrad Smith, Charles Bos- tic, John Arnold, B. Aldriclge and Ii. Shurtliff. Sarah Bobinson Avas the first Avhite child born there (November 16, '36), and Mrs. Frazier, Avho died in '37, the first death. In '36 Feter Sornberger ancl Bhoebe Wilbur, were the parties to the first marriage ; G. F. Beynolds built the first house near the village in '37 ; P. Aldndge Avas the first justice in '37, and Charles Bostic, a local Methodist preacher, held the first relig ious serA'ices in '36. Salem schoolhouse, built in '37, was the first WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 679 school ; J. L. Jarnaghan Avas the first supervisor in '53 ; Bev. S. G. Wright organized the first church in '51 ; the Swede Methodist church was built in '54; the Methodist Episcopal, Free Methodist church. Mor mon church, and Second Aclventists all followed. . Pioneer Memories. — West Jersey toAvnship, or Prairie de Fun, OAves its name to the fancy of NeAV Jersey settlers, Avho came after the organ ization of- the county and settled around the village of that name. So late as 1S50 it Avas almost an unbroken prairie from Edward Trickle's, on the east, to Washington Trickle's, on the Avest. In 1835 Jacob B. Smith, the first actual settler, came to Fulton county from Ashland county, O., ancl in the spring of 1836 settled on the southeast quarter of section thirty-five, Avhere he put up a log cabin. George Eckley came from Seneca countv, O., the same year to Fulton, and with his family — Mrs. Eckley, Levi, George, Daniel, John and Margery — moved into West Jersey in 1836, and settled on section thirty-six. Though Smith was the first settler, the Eckleys Avere the first improvers. Later, in 1836, Philip Keller, Jacob Clayburg, Michael Jones, John BroAvn, Washington and Stephen Trickle, Ephraim Barnett and the WidoAv Dunn came in. Early in 1837 came John Pratz, Newton Matthews, Nehemiah Wykoff ancl Wm. Webster, Avhile just near the line the Biggen family made their home. At this time the Avomen would become entangled in the weed known as the devil's darning-needle, whenever they ventured out, or if escap ing this, bad to fly from the snakes, Avhich Avere found eA'eryAvkere. The men had their milling clone at Ellisville, Bernadotte or Peoria for some time, ancl there, also, Avas their marketing done. Twenty-five cents a bushel was the price of the best wheat, Avhile calico sold for, thirty -eight cents per yard. To escape the trials of going to mill, the old corn-mortar was brought into use. In 1836 Daniel Prince erected a log mill, 14x16 feet, at SlackAvater, with a capacity of five bushels cracked corn per diem. Later, a distillery was connected with this concern. Some Spoon river men, enraged at the poor quality of the whisky produced, attacked the distillery part of the building one night, and put an end to the enterprise of Prince in this direction. The Bar nett, Jones and Trickle mill, on Walnut creek, begun in 1838, was completed in 1839. Harvey Barnett heAved the timbers ; his brother Ephraim, Michael Jones ancl Stephen Trickle helped to erect it. Stephen Trickle became OAvner of this concern, AA'hich in later years was known as "Bound's Mill." In 1838-9 Stanton's mill, at Rochester, Avas erected and entered into fair competition Avith " Trickle's mill," doing aAvay forever Avith the prospect of long journeys, delays, etc., attending the old-time " going to mill." The first regular ball in West, Jersey Avas at Joseph Palmer's, on Walnut creek, July 4, 1838. Palmer contracted to giA'e dinner to tAventy-one couples for forty-two dollars, provided that number presented themselves. Forty-six per sons Avere present. Caleb North delivered the oration. Wm. Mason, then residing near Toulon, Avas the orchestra, for which he was paid nine dollars, " the first money," says G. A. Clifford, " he ever took in for music." . ' The first school in the township Avas taught by Miss Columbia Ann 680 HISTORY OE STARK COUNTY. Dunn, a sister of Bev. R. C. Dunn. The schoolhouse Avas erected m 1837 or 1838. Begarding the first white child born in the county: Wilson Smith was born tAvo miles south of West Jersey in 1829, and is now a resi dent of Eola, PottaAvattamie county, Ia. Washington Smith was born tAvo miles south of West Jersey in 1832, now residing at LeAvis, Cass county, la. They are the sons of Jacob Smith, who died in 1885 at Galva. Bert Smith, noAv Avith C. W. Brown, of Penn, states positively that his grandfather settled in West Jersey in 1827. The first postoffice was kept by Silas Richards where Wm. Pratt resided in 1862. In the summer of 1838 Washington Trickle erected the first frame house, which in later years stood south of his modern buildings. W. Trickle ancl Charles Yocum erected a carding mill on Walnut creek in 1842. This Avas in the extreme south Avest corner of the toAvnship. The underground railroad passed by Nigger Point, near Avhere Nehemiah Wykoff settled in 1837, and thence via the Webster settlement toAvard the northeast, as related in the general history. Pioneer Census. — The census of pioneers or persons here when the county AA'as organized and residing here in the spring of 1866, was taken by W. Trickle — the committee appointed by the old Old Settlers' Society. The names are as folloAvs : Sumner ShaAv and wife, Eunice Nelson, Andrew McClure, Francis Webster, Whitfield Matthews and wife, Oliver Smith and wife, George Albright, Hiram Albright and wife, David Gelvin ancl wife, Jonathan Pratz and wife, A. J. Findley and wife, Levi Eckley and wife, Daniel Eckley ancl wife, John Eckley and wife, James B. Witter and wife, Wm. White and wife, Andrew Full and wife, Washington Smith and wife, Berry Smith ancl Avife, Joseph Smith and wife, George Sheets ancl Avife, John Bounds, James Bounds ancl wife, John Shockley and Avife, George Simmerman and Avife, David Simmerman, David Simmerman and wife, George Simmer man, Jacob Simmerman, John Simmerman, Bemsley Richard and wife, Williard Palmer and Avife, Joseph De Wolf ancl Avife, Hannah Emery, Jacob Wiley and wife, W. Trickle and wife. West Jersey Cemetery. — Interred in the cemetery near the village are the remains of the folloAving-named old residents, the name and year of death being given: John Biggen, 1854; Eliza Biggen, '54; David Cumming, '76; Jesse Cooper, '70; Mitchell Tull, '70; Jane Tull, '53 ; Mary Stetzler, '77 ; Thomas Price, '74 ; Phoebe Price, '75 ; Amanda Albertson, '53; Lucinda Dancer, '82; Jennie D. SAvank, '81; Susan Smith, '85; W. B. Masters, '71; Lucius Hotchkiss, '49; W. S. Hotch kiss, '56 ; Stephen A. Munson, '76 ; James G. Egbert, '63 ; William W. Shannon, '59; Jacob Hazen, '47; Jane Hazen, '69; llenry Swank, ' — ; Eliza Sanders, '69; William Barr, '51 ; Archibald Ayers, '80; Barbara Kane, '81 ; Charlotte Coleman, '79; Mary L. Horseley, '71 ; John Mc intosh, '82; Alex Mcintosh, '58; Beter Huber, '81; John Beve, '62; Charlotte Laing, '67; Samuel W. Laing, '67; Nathan IL Daniel, '68; Sarah Dugan, '82; Grace W. Bentley, '68; John McDaniel, '56; Ama Young, '65; Ann Mcintosh, '62; Maria Biggen, '54; John Wetzell, '54; Elizabeth Wetzell, '57 ; John McKinstry, '72; Daniel Leigh, '85; Elizabeth Forge, '62; Edward Forge, '62; Henry S\vank, '61; Rebecca WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 681 Swank, '73 ; Aaron Vansickle, '74 ; Mary Vansickle, '75 ; Eunice Wilev, '65; Euphemia Denis, '60; Martha Denis, '57; Gertrude Groff, '57; Mary Trickle, '56; Oliver B. Webster, '70; Anna Kirkhuff, '68; Mat thias Kirkhuff, '68; Anna Wiley, '54; Bev. Samuel Coleman, '75; Will iam Bovd, '75; Mary Calhoon, '63; Caroline Shannon, '52; Bev. James Cowden, '71; Marcus Garner, '65; Lucy M. Dougherty, '86; Wilson Garner, '61; Sarah Heath, '70; George' W. Leigh, '76; John Pilgrim, '83; Lucinda Packer, '56; Jane Pilgrim, '56; Amanda Aly- Avard, '54; Benj. Alyward, '54; John Knoff, '71; Philip Knoff, '76; Mary Heaton, '64; Caleb Heaton, '63; John Smith, '66; Eliza Henry, 'S3; A. D. B. Chamberlain, '78; Boderick Triplett, '71; Mary Triplett, '61; Beason Williams, '60; John S. Trimmer, '72; Belle Shafer, '85; Francis Anthony, '70; Beuben SAvank, '72; Elmira An thony, '53. The soldiers buried in the West Jersey cemetery are named as follows: George T. Cumming, Company H, One-hundrecl-and-second Illinois Volunteers; William Boyd, One-hundred-ancl- twelfth Volun teers ; Morris T. Ayers, and William W. Hughes. West Jersey village. — The original town of West Jersey was sur veyed by Carson Berfield for Jacob Young early in 1856, and the plat Avas acknowledged February 19th that year. Tavo streets, Jersey and Seminary, with Plum alley, are shoAvn, and lots 1 to 20. The pur chasers of lots at West Jersey, prior to the beginning of the War of the Bebellion, are named as follows: W. H. Pierson, 1858; Perry H. Smith ancl Henry SAvank, Jr., '59; James Ferguson, '56; Jesse Cooper, '61. During the war the buyers Avere John Smith, E. B. Pomeroy, G. L. Smith, T. J. B;ggens, Jacob Young, Amy Clouse, Newton Mat thews, S. M. Farrar^ Bobert B. Worley, S. J. Fox, Bobert W. King, ancl Emanuel Kissell. To the close of 1866, there Avere tAventy-four purchasers of lots, and to the close of 1884, thirty -eight additional pur chasers. In June, 1869, the Methodist society secured lots 4, 5, and part of 8 from Beuben SAvank, who bought the property from C. M. Johnson that year. The business ancl professional circle of the village is made up as follows : J. H. Anthony, lawyer and justice ; S. J. Fox, W. H. Johnson, merchants; John Cotton, coal mines; Fox & Swank, meat market; Girvits & Son, planing mill; Miss I. Bell, millinery; William Atkinson and W. H. Girvits, blacksmiths; A. Snedicor, miller ; W. Ii. Little, harness ; W. C. Henry, carpenter ; C. E. Girvits, painter; B. W. King, druggist and physician; W. S. McClenahan, M. D. ; E. SAvank, barber; Dr. B. W. King, postmaster, successor of S. J. Fox, Avho held the office from November, 1870, to August 31, 1885, and Avas the successor of C. W. Young. Methodist Episcopal church. — The establishment of this church in the township post-dates its settlement by only a feAv years. All around churches were in existence. The only authentic records AA'hich could be found give the folloAving facts : The Methodist Episcopal class, at Hazen's schoolhouse in 1851-52, comprised Arch. Ayers, Dan. P. Steward ancl Eleanor Beed, Jane B. Hazen, Bachel Leigh, Ellis and Tacy DAvire, Eliza Groft, John and Mary E. Mills, James R. and Eliza Henry, Garret and Amanda Albertson, Amanda Barr, 682 HISTORY OE STARK COUNTY. Joseph E. Dyer, Caleb Eaton, Martha Hotchkiss, James F. Bunch, and Prudence Dyer. This was practically the West Jersey class. The Methodist Episcopal class at Finch's schoolhouse, on the east line of West Jersey township, in 1851-52, comprised James B. Witter, leader; Margery, Ezra, Evisson, Isaac M., and Lora M. Witter; Henry ancl Catherine Williams, Catherine Moffitt, Clarissa Powell, Clarissa Porter, George B. and Sarah Berger, Esther A. Eckley, Conrad Schwakhamer, Susan Updyke, Heflry and Ann Bartshe, John and Sarah Adams. Isaac M. Witter was local preacher. In 1858, all the classes were reorganized, ancl in this Ave find the names of Beuben and Martha SAvank, William Price, Nelsons and the Coopers, in 1859-60. James B. Witter was class-leader there for over a quarter of a century. Trickle's Methodist Episcopal class was presided 0Arer by Mitchell Tull m 1852, it being formed May 30th. The members Avere Mitchell and Jane Tull, Washington ancl Eleanor Trickle, Aaron and Dorcas Eaton, Mary J. Eagon, William and Harriet Metcalf, Jacob and Han nah Wiley, Widow Mary Cummings, Sarah, Harriet, Mary, ancl David Cummings, Eliza A. Sanders, Mahala Metcalf, and Celia Tull. Jane Tull died in 1852; Mary J. Eagon joined the Campbellites, ancl Mahala Metcalf married one Pierce, ancl moved Avithout a letter. Meetings were held for many years at the Trickle schoolhouse, prior to the transfer of the class to West Jersey in 1868-69. The membership of the West Jersey class is 101 of the 177 received. Rev. Mr. Adams is preacher in charge, with Watson Henry, clerk. The Presbyterian church is said to date back to 1839, but there are no records. Prior to 1841, a Presbyterian society existed at West Jersey, among the members of which were Elder Mcintosh, Mc- Kinstry, Elder Eaton, Elder Shannon, Elder Hiner, Francis Anthony, James Hulsizer, Wesley Heath, Ayers, Groffs, Elder Stark, Mrs. Jacob Young, Philip Knoff, John Rarick, Mrs. Joseph Bodine, Samuel Leigh, Newton MattheAvs, Thomas Beard and Avife, and Mrs. Beard, Sr., Mrs. Egbert, Sr., Mrs. Louis Egbert, and others. The pastors were Elder Breese, S. G. Wright, Dr. Frazer. J. C. Hannah, John Turbitt, James Ferguson, Bev. HaAvkins, Bev. A. C. Miller, T. S. Vail, Bev. Hough. J. C. Hannah (1877) the last regular preacher. Bev. James Ferguson was called June 5, 1857, at a meeting over Avhich Bev. J. C. Hannah, presided with J. H. Anthony secretary. He was to preach at Toulon every other Sabbath. In 1858, Jacob Young was chosen trustee, vice Joseph Bodine and Iienry Hiner, a member of the financial committee. Bev. Dr. Frazer preached the division sermon betAveen the old- and new-school Fresbyterians. Thomas S. Vail was pastor in 1868, and Thomas Price one of the trustees. In 1 886 the old church building was sold for fifty dollars to J. V. Newman, who moved it from the original site to a lot south of Dr. McClenahan's store, where it Avas repaired, re-roofed, etc. So terrific was the anti-union feeling among some of the members during the Avar, that, on the burial of a Union soldier there, the Union flag was torn to shreds. About 1854 a quarter of an acre of land was donated by Francis Anthony to the Presbyterian church, and a church WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 683 built thereon opposite the present Fox store in 1855, where it stood until removed this year. In November, 1849,' Jacob and Anna Young donated to the trustees of the Presbyterian church at West Jersey — Milton Eckley, Samuel Leigh and Philip Knoff — one acre ancl thirty-two perches near the northeast corner of the southeast quarter of southeast half of sec tion 17, township 12, range 5. This was devoted to cemetery pur poses. Mrs. Egbert Avas the first buried in the cemetery, Mrs. John Anthony, Mr. Barr, Miss Mary Hulsizer, ancl others shortly after. The names of the old settlers and soldiers interred herein are given on a former page. ( Vide also sketch of Rev. A. C. Miller.) The officers of theWest Jersey Sunday-school for 1887 are Superin tendent, W. H. Johnson; assistant superintendent, W. C. Henry; sec retary, Azora King ; treasurer, Charles Swank ; librarians, Fred Wyer- man and A. F. Girvits. In March, 1868, the S. S. was organized Avith nine teachers ancl seventy-two members. During the first fiVe months of its existence, there Avas an aA'erage attendance of forty-five scholars. Miscellaneous. — The pensioners residing in West Jersey in 1883 were Catherine Porter, receiving $8; and Thomas E. Horseley, $6 per month. The Farmers' and Mechanics' club of West Jersey disbanded in January, 1875, ancl the money in treasury ($16.15) Avas donated ,to the Kansas Belief fund. West Jersey Lodge of Odd Fellows, No. 234, was instituted March 29, 1886, by D. G. M. Hewitt, of Stark Lodge, Toulon. It Avas organ ized on the 22d, with the following-named members : Alex. Ingles, J. H. Emery, S. J. Fox, W. M. Grey, G. B. Vansickle, N. E. Pomeroy, and J. W. Wick. Since that time the following have joined the lodge : A. J. Johnson, J. D. Webster, Joseph SAvank, E. B. SAvank, O. J. Johnson, Ed. L. Johnson, Omar Cummings, W. H. Bell, John B. Quick, Dr. W. S. McClenahan, C. M. Manley, ancl J. M. Dougherty. Alex. Ingles Avas N. G., with S. J. Fox, B. S., and G. B. Vansickle, P. S. The first hall of the lodge is on the second floor of Dr. Perry's building, noAv owned by Mrs. C. Sanders. The first meeting to organ ize was called by S. j!' Fox in December, 1885, after consulting with the charter members. Starwano is the neAV name of an old settlement near the eastern line of the township. For years the little place has been the head quarters of a Methodist class, ancl even in '40-7 the Mormons came hither'to inculcate the faith of their new church, and succeeded in win ning some new members. The neAV M. E. church building was completed in '68, at a cost of $2,200, and was dedicated July 26, that year. The old members of this class find mention on a former page. The D. B. Shults sorghum molasses factory at Starwano was an important industry in '85. The destruction by fire of the county infirmary building took place December 5, '86. The building was sold by contract to Wm. B. Caverly for $16,000 in the fall of '68, ancl was built just about eighteen years ago. It was always wed kept in repair, and recently a steam heater put 684 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES in. It Avas also Avell furnished, and under the superintendency of Mr. Morrison, well managed. There Avas $5,000 insurance on the building, $2,500 in the _5Ctna and the same amount in the Phoenix, of Hartford, Connecticut. There was no insurance on the contents, and Mr. Morri son, having his private apartments well furnished, suffered heavy loss. BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. S. V. Addis, born in Somerset county, N. J., November 26, 1804, is a son of Daniel ancl Margaret (Van Dyke) Addis, grandson of Simon, whose father, Bichard Addis, came from Great Britain and settled near the NeAV BrunsAvick line, Avhere he married a Miss Wykoff. Moving to Philadelphia, he purchased 300 acres, Avhere the Centennial buildings stood in '76, ancl 500 acres fifteen miles distant, where is no'w the town of Addisville. Daniel, Simon and Bichard were well- known citizens of NeAv Jersey and PennsylA^ania. Daniel served in the Avar of 1812, and died at the age of fifty-five, the victim of profes sional malpractice. Simon served seven years in the Revolution against the oppressor Avho Avould strangle a liberty -loving people. S. V. Addis' brothers and sisters AVere Eleanor ancl Peter, deceased; John and Ephraim. S. V. Addis received a common school education in his native county, Avorked on his father's farm some years, and in '51 moved westward to this township. In 1830 he married Miss Elizabeth A., daughter of John R. and Mary (Beavas) Little, natives of Hunter don county, N. J. Her father Avas killed in Canada during the war of 181 2. His -father, James Little, was a native of Ireland — one of the many polished revolutionists which that unfortunate little island sent to America to aid in founding liberty here. To this- marriage nine children were born: MaryE., in Nebraska; John L., in IoAA'a; Daniel and James, in this county ; Sarah M., in IoAva, and Irvine, in Knox county. Caroline, Catherine ancl Gideon are numbered Avith the dead. , Mr. and Mrs. Addis are members of the M E. church since their marriage. Mrs. Addis was born in Hunterdon county, N. J., February 7, 1810. Her husband cast his first vote for Andrew Jack son ; but in 1860 voted for Lincoln, ancl has since been a firm Bepubli can. Daniel O. Addis, son of S. V. ancl Elizabeth Ann Addis, Avas born in New Jersey, in 1839. In his tAvelfth year he came with parents to Stark county and remained Avith them until his tAventy-third year. In his twenty-fourth year he married Miss Nancy M., daughter of Salltis and Elizabeth Caskey, Avho Avas born in Ohio in 1843. In 1860 her parents came to Stark county, remaining here a feAv years when they sold their property ancl removed to Missouri, Avhere they still reside. Her grandfather, a native of Ohio, enlisted to serve in the Avar of 1812. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Addis began farming in West Jersey toAvnship. Tavo years later they purchased a farm on section 10, Avhere they still reside. Their union has been blessed by seven children, five of Avhom still iive : Franklin V., Will iam A., Laura E. (deceased), Grace E. (deceased), Florence O., Eva B. and Bearl H. Mr. ancl Mrs. Addis are both respected members of the M. E. church, and are interested in all Avorks of benevolence. They OF WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 685 have been hard workers, ancl, as a, reward of their labors, now own 340 acres of the choicest land, and one of the finest farm residences in Stark county. Mr. Addis has never voted any but the Bepublican ticket. James P. Addis, son of S. V and Elizabeth Addis, Avas born in NeAV Jersey, in the year 1816. ancl five years later came with his parents to this county. James remained with his parents until his tAventy -fifth year, Avhen he married Miss Mary E., daughter of Benja min and Louisa F. (Stoddard) Goodheart. She Avas born at Poland, O., in 1849. Her paternal ancestors coming to America from Ger many, her father a Pennsylvanian, was born there September 21, 1818. Her mother Avas born in NeAV York, September lo, 1825. In 1865 the Goodhearts removed to Toulon, Avhere about a year later, her father died, being then forty-eight years of age. Her mother, hoav Mrs. Dr. Tyrrell, resides at Toulon. After their marriage, Mr. ancl Mrs. Addis began farming on section 9, and have increased their origi nal holding to 200 acres. Six.children have been born to them; one of them died in infancy. Mrs. Addis is a respected member of the Christian church. In politics Mr. Addis has ahvays voted the Bepubli can ticket. He is not a member of any secret organization. Mrs. Addis AA'as formerly a member of the Good Templars. Ella (Gingrich) Addis was born in Essex toAvnship, May 8, 1856, and Avas united in marriage to Isaac Adclis, February 16, 1874, and in the township Avhere she Avas born her entire life Avas spent, until her death, January 6, 1887. John H. Anthony, who settled on his present farm in 1851. pur chased his first eighty acres of prairie from Oliver Whitaker that year. He Avas born in Warren county, N. J., in 1826. His parents were Francis ancl Elizabeth (Hagar) Anthony, natives of Londonderry, Ire land, ancl Warren county, N. J., respectively. The former came to the United States in 1819 ancl to New Jersey in 1820, Avhere be married Miss Hagar in 1824, Avho Avas born in Warren county of that state. They came to this county in 1853, Avith one son and seven daughters. As related in the history of the Fresbyterian church, they Avere among its early members ancl supporters. The children Avho accompanied them hither Avere Lydia, noAv Mrs. Pomeroy ; Eliza, noiv Mrs. John Hazen ; Sarah J., now Mrs. W. H. Adams, of Elmore ; Mary A., AvidoAv of David Cummings, of Knox county, 111.; Martha, noAv Mrs. Cuming, of Dallas Center, IoAra ; Cyrus A. and Margaret, tAvins, the latter Mrs. R. K. Worley, of KeAvanee, Caroline, wife of Robert Barr, a laAvyer of Aclel, IoAva, Jacob resides at Newark, N. J., ancl never settled here. The father of this large family died in December, 1876, his widow is living here at the good old age of eighty-nine years. Cyrus Anthony served in the Fifty-first Illinois Infantry, ancl AA'as promoted gradually from the ranks to captain of Company G. He en listed in 1861 and 'in the spring of 1864 reenlisted. In 1867 he com menced to study laAv, was admitted to the bar, ancl is iioav a distin guished laAvyer of Marysville, Mo., Avhere he has resided since 1870. He represented his county in the Legislature tAvo sessions and served as prosecuting attorney for NodaAvay county. He was born in New 686 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Jersey in 1839. in 1886 he was candidate for judge of the twenty- ninth judicial circuit of Missouri, comprising the counties of Andrew, Atchison, Holt and Nodaway, getting a majority in every county. His majority over Judge Kelley (who carried the district six years ago by 1,700) is 2,772. John H. Anthony was raised on his father's farm in NeAV Jersey, was educated in the schools there until December 10, 1848, Avhen he married Miss Elmira Drake, to whom tAA'o children were born, namely : Adeline and Francis E. This lady died August 6, 1853, ancl tAvo years later he married Miss Frances E. Egbert, mother of Harriet, Isabella ancl Grace Anthony. Adeline, Avho accompanied her father to this township in 1851, is now Mrs. William 0. Leigh. Mr. Anthony was elected justice of the peace in 1857 and has been re elected four terms since that time. In the fall of 1885 he was com missioned notary public by Governor Oglesby. Apart entirely from his official life in the township, he has been a most useful citizen in every sphere. His residence and grounds near West Jersey, form an index to his character and point out. forcibly Avhat he can teach by example. Mrs. Anthony, Sr., commonly known as " Grandma Anthony," born in Warren county, N. J., in 1798, died January 10, 1887, having survived her husband about eleven years. Mrs. Allen Bennett, a resident for upAvards of thirty years, for the first time visited the village of West Jersey in August, 1886. William Bishop, one of the oldest settlers of Brimfield, died at Shelby, August 8, 1886, at the age of ninety. John P Bodine, son of Joseph and Bebecca M. (Painter) Bodine, Avas born in NeAV Jersey, October 26, 1841. In 1846 his parents came to this toAvnship, AA'here they purchased a farm, and Avhere they re mained until 1858, when they, removed to Bochester, Peoria county, Avhere the father engaged in his trade of carriage-building. After some years he retired from active life and is now enjoying the fruits of their successful labors, he in his seventy-fourth year and she in her seventy-second year. Mrs. Bodine, Sr., is a respected member of the Presbyterian church. John P. Bodine is the third child of their fam ily of four children. His early life Avas spent assisting his parents on the farm. His education was limited to a district school with the exception of one year spent at Lombard University. On Septem ber 11, 1867, he married Miss Bachel D., daughter of John and Kezia (Davis) Keller, who was born in West Virginia, of which state her pa rents were natives, March 19, 1849. In 1856 her people settled in Peoria county, 111., and purchased a farm in Millbrook township. In 1857 a hurricane completely destroyed their house, the family escaping injury. Mr. Keller AA'as born October 16, 1817, Mrs. Keller, January 12, 1822. Mrs. Bachel Bodine is the third child of their family of six children. She remained with her parents until her marriage. After' their marriage they moved to Victoria, Knox county, 111., Avhere Mr. Bodine engaged in milling, having an interest in a steam mill. Three years later he traded this interest for a farm in West Jersey toAvnship, and here he remained eight years, Avhen he sold that place and pur chased land on section 29, AA'here he now resides. Their union has been blessed by two children : Addie H., born July 28, 1868, and Don OP WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 687 L, born March 11, 1881. Politically, Mr. Bodine is a Greenbacker, and has been active in political matters, ancl has filled seA'eral of the township offices creditably. He OAvns 173 acres of choice lands in this tOAvnship, with a home considered one of the finest in the county. David J. Bodine, son of Joseph ancl Rebecca M. (Painter) Bodine, was born in Warren county, N. J., in 1845. A complete sketch of his parents' lives is given in this work. In 1846 he came to Illinois with his parents and lived for the most of the time in West Jersey toAvn- ship. When about eighteen years of age he entered Lombard Univer sity, and two years after went to Mt. Pleasant, la., where he remained nearly tAvo years; then returned to his home at Rochester, Beoria county, ancl engaged in stock-buying AA'hich he folloAved for eleven years. On December 1, 1875, he married Miss Mary Ann, daughter of Alexander ancl Susannah (Hare) McCoy. She was born in Wayne county, near Wooster, O., in 1847, Avhere her parents, Bennsyhanians, had settled. Some years later they removed to Auglaize county, Ohio, where September, 1852, her father died. After her husband's death Mrs. McCoy remained on the farm about two years, when she removed to Knox county, 111., Avhere she remained ten years, then settled at French Grove, Peoria county, where she purchased a farm. After nine years she sold this farm and made her home with her daughter, Mrs. Bodine, until her death May 6, 1883, in her fifty-ninth year. Mrs. Bodine is the second child of a family of three children. In 1854 she entered Knox College, where she remained one year. On account of failing health she Avas compelled to return to her home, Avhere she remained until her marriage. After this marriage Mr. Bodine folloAved stock-buying for about a year, and then came to West Jersey township and began farming, where they iioav reside. Their union has been blessed by one child, Joseph Clyde, born Decem ber 13, 1886. Politically Mr. Bodine is a member of the Greenback party, but formerly Avas'a Democrat. He is an expert hunter and en joys a clay's sport in the field Avith his rifle as much as in his younger years. R. A. Boyd dates his settlement in this township to January, 1858. He was born in Warren county, N. J., in May, 1833, of which state his parents, James and Elizabeth (Moore) .Boyd, were natives, Avhere his mother died in 1854, ancl Avhere his fatherstill resides. In 1858 hecame to Illinois as a visitor, but liking the country made the visit so endur ing that he has remained with us almost thirty years. For a year or tAvo he worked by the month, and then settled on his present place, eighty acres of Avhich av ere purchased by his father prior to B. A. Boyd's western visit. In 1868 he married Miss Sarah J., daughter of Jacob Kissed, Avho, Avith their son, C. Ii. Boyd, are exemplary members of the Methodist Episcopal church. His elder brother, John J. Boyd, settled here in 1850 and resided here eighteen years prior to his removal to Iienry county, Avhere he now resides. Mr. B. A. Boyd oaviis an excellent farm of 160 acres. In political life he is an admirer of what the Be publican party accomplished since 1861, ancl a staunch supporter of the party's platform. David W. Brown, born near Brookville, Canada West, in 1802, 688 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES was reared and educated there, and there also married Miss Olive, daughter of Joel and Sarah (DeWolf) Parrish. In 1838, with his wife ancl three children, he came here by Avagon road and located in the northeast quarter of section 2, Goshen, AA'here he resided six years. In 1844 the family moved to DuPage county, 111., where his wife died in 1846. He subsequently went to Michigan, AA'here he died in 1861. Their children are B. B. Brown, of Stark county ; Lucy, Sarah and Alva W., the latter born here in October, 1839. Alva voted for Lincoln in 1860, and in 1861 enlisted in Company B, Thirty-seventh Illinois Infantry, served over his three years' term, reenlisted and Avas honorably discharged after the war. He was slightly wounded at Pea Bidge. On his return he married Miss Sarah F. Hodson, a native of Goshen township. Bemoved to Harrison county, Iowa, some years ago, Avhere his Avife died June 23, 1886. The father of this family was an old member of the Methodist church and a zealous Avorker. His Avife Avas daughter of Joel Barrish, a Pennsylvanian, resident of Can ada, Avho came to Stark county in January, 1838, died in Iowa in 1843 or 1844, followed in a few days by his Avife. B. R. BroAvn AA'as born in Canada in 1835, came with his parents to this county ancl has resided here almost continuously for the past half century. In January, 1858, he located permanently his present home, ancl for ten years has served as commissioner of higlnvays. In 1857 he married Miss Maria J., daughter of Joseph and Barbara (Heckert) Cain. They are the parents of six children, viz.: C. Morrow, Lucy E., Charley E., Alva C, Joseph W. ancl Olive B. Lucinda Dancer, Avho died February 2, 1882, Avas born in Beaver county, Pa., in 1816; married Vincent Dancer in 1832 in Bichmond county, Ohio ; moved to Fulton county, 111., in 1856, and in 1867 came to Stark. John Dryden, son of Thomas and Margaret Dryden, was born in Northumberlandshire, Eng., April 28, 1821, Avhere his father's death oc curred September 6, 1874, at the age of eighty-six, ancl his mother's in. 1876, in her eighty-fourth year. John Dryden is the fourth child of a family of nineteen children. His early life Avas spent at farm labor until his tAventy-first year, Avhen he began mining. In 1847 he mar ried Miss Margaret, daughter of George ancl Mary Bemvick, born in Cumberlandshire, Eng., June 22, 1820. In 1854 he came to America; proceeding at once to Stark county, 111., and purchased a piece of land near Wyoming, remaining there three years, during which time he Avas engaged at mining. He revisited England for his Avife, and the same year (1857) they returned, and in five, years after they removed to West Jersey township. In 1864 they purchased a farm on section 18, Avhere he is engaged in agriculture, owning 160 acres, Avithin three miles of the village. Five children haAre blessed their union, three of Avhom are. still living: Thomas J., George (deceased), Mary J. (deceased), Maggie A. and John G. Politically Mr. Dryden is a Greenbacker, and has held several toAvnship offices. In 1873 Mr. Dryden Avas called back to Eng land on account of the illness of his father, and at his death Avas engaged in the settlement of the estate, he being the eldest son. Rebecca {Moore) Dunn, a native of Augusta, Ga., where she married OF WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 689 Dr. Charles A. Dunn, and Avhere her husband died, moved to Cincin nati, O., in 1831 Avith her family, and five years later, in September, 1836, settled in West Jersey tOAvnship of this county, Avhere her son, Augustus A., had built a cabin early that year, ancl Avhere he remained to Avelcome his mother, brothers and sisters to their neAV home in the Avilderness. Mrs. Dunn was accompanied by her children : Columbia A., avIio married Mr. Tillson; Bichard O, noticed in the history of Toulon ; William E. and Caroline E., Avho married O. II. Smith. In 1847 this pioneer woman moved to Galesburg, and died there, May 10, that year. Augustus A. Dunn, son of Dr. Charles A. and Bebecca (Moore) Dunn, Avas born in Georgia, moved with his AvidoAved mother to Ohio in 1831, and early in 1836 settled in Avhat is noAv West Jersey toAvn- ship, erected a log cabin, in AA'hich the mother ancl family — who came in September of that year — took up their residence. He Avas elected first sheriff of this county, in 1S39, subsequently graduated in medicine and practiced at Cambridge, 111., until 1862, Avhen be enlisted in Com pany D, One-hundrecl-and-twelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. His left hand Avas shot aAvay at Kelly's Ford, Tenn., and again Avounded at Franklin ; the results of the latter leading to his death, March 2, 1869, in his fifty first year, he then residing at Chicago. George Eckley, vide general and township history. Hannah Gaffney Emery, one of the pioneers of Stark county, died at Galva, October 18, 1884, as related in the history of the family given in other, pages. John Finley, Avho settled on section 19, Essex, in 1839, Avas born in Fayette county, O., in 1802. His parents, Bobert and Mary (Craig) Finley, natives of Indiana, settled in Avhat is noAv Ashland county, O., prior to the War of 1812, where they resided until their death. John Finley married Miss Bebecca Gaffney in Ohio, came with her in 1834 to Fulton county, 111., ancl five years later settled here. As shoAvn in the organic ancl political chapters, he Avas a member of the first commissioners' court and second sheriff, Avas county judge, justice of the peace, and in all points a most excellent citizen. Of their eleven children nine are living: Andre av J., William P., Avho was killed be fore Knoxville, November 18, 1863, aged thirty-three years, while serving Avith the One-hundred and-twelfth Regiment; Priscilla J., John L., MaryE., Albert E., Robert M., James E., Caroline R. and Willis 0. John L. Avent to California in 1852, enlisted in Third Massa chusetts Cavalry in 1863, was made prisoner, escaped from Danville, ancl Avas commissioned second lieutenant for bravery ; Albert B. served Avith the Third Illinois CaA'alry from 18(11 to 1864; James E., of the One-hundred-ancl-tAvelfth, Avas' Avounded before Atlanta, Ga., all of which is told in the military chapter. The father of this great family died at Toulon, February 28, 1883. His first wife died in 1856, aged forty-nine years ; but his" second Avife, Miss Sarah D. Adams, survives him" AndreAv J. Finley AA'as born in Ohio, in 182S, came Avestward with his parents, married Miss Margaret J. Carter, October 6, 1850, and has been a permanent resident of this county for about fifty years. Their children are: Arabella, John L., William J., Mary A., Ella B., 690 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Walter B., Oscar E., Margaret C, Daisy N., and two, an infant and Lenora, deceased. Mr. Finley has served his township as justice of the peace and assessor, ancl was collector of Essex. He has been a member of the Agricultural Society since its beginning. His farm of 460 acres is among the best in Stark county. Samuel J. Fox. son of Julius W. and Mary E. (Johnston) Fox, was born in Bichland county, 0., January 28, 1835. His father Avas a native of NeAV York, Avhere he A\'as born in 1796. His mother, a native of Bennsylvania, Avas born 1804. They removed to Ohio from NeAV York at an early day, and again in 1848 to Wisconsin, settled in Bich land county, thus passing through the pioneer period of two States. There, in 1860, Mr. Fox., Sr., passed way, being preceded to the grave two years by his Avife. Samuel J. Fox assisted his parents on the farm, or attending the pioneer district school in his early years. In his tAventy-second year he married Miss Mary E., daughter of John and' Bhoda Myers, avIio was born in Ohio, December 31, 1840. Her parents removed to Indiana, Avhere her father died. Her mother remarried, and in a short time was again a avi'cIoav. She removed with her family to Wisconsin, and settled in Bichland county, Wis., in 1850, and there Mary met Mr. Fox, to Avhom she Avas married April 2, 1857. Mr. Fox folloAved farming one year after this event, then joined a prospecting party, ancl Avent to Colorado ; engaged in mining for one year, Avhen he returned to his home at Bichland Centre, Wis., and the same fall moved to Princeville, 111., and engaged in the mercantile business. Bemaining there a short time, he moved to Wyoming, 111., Avhere he remained about two years. He then purchased a store at West Jersey, Avhere he is noAv proprietor of a general store in the village ancl of a stock farm close by. Mr. ancl Mrs. Fox are the parents of seven chil dren, namely : William W., Charles L., Frank A., Bollin S., Gilbert T., Ernest A., and Effie M., all at home. They are members of the Bresbyterian church, ancl are interested in all movements of a chari table or progresshe nature. Mr. Fox is also a member of the I. O. O. F., ancl in politics a Bepublican. He served as postmaster at West Jersey twelve years; has also been elected and reelected toAvnship clerk, and has been A'ice-president of the Agricultural Society of Stark county. Sarah George, who married Frank Dugan, Avas born in West Vir ginia in 1835, and died in West Jersey, July 26, '82. Jacob N. Hazen, deceased, Avas born in NeAV Jersey in 1804 ; mar ried Miss Jane B. Mitchell there, ancl Avith her and their five children moved to Fulton county, 111., in July, 1839, and to section tAventy-seven, West Jersey, in the spring of 1842. Here he purchased 120 acres of Avild land at &2.50 per acre, erected a frame house, which Avas the family home, school, Methodist class-room, ancl general meeting-house of the toAvn for many years, the Hazens making every one Avelcome. Only five years did this strong man stand the wear and tear of pioneer times here, for he died in March, 1847. His partner in all the toils and troubles of early years outlived him tAventy summers, dying in 1867, as shown in the cemetery record in history of West Jersey. John Hazen, the second son, was born in NeAV Jersey, December 1, OF WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 691 1831, and has almost as distinct a recollection of pioneer clays in Fulton and Stark as if he had been of age Avhen he shared in them. In 1857 he married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Francis Anthony, and the folloAving year settled where he iioav resides, on his fine farm of 206-J- acres. As shown in the official ancl school history of the toAvnship, he has served as trustee ancl super Adsor. In politics he is, like his father was, always Democratic in national concerns, but independent in local affairs. His wife and children, Frank M. ancl Edna V., are associated with the Presbyterian church. Mr. Hazen is one of those pioneer men Avhose Avorcl is his bond and Avhose opinions are considered. Sedgwick R. Hazen, son of Jacob N. Hazen, AA'hose history is giA'en in this chapter, Avas born in New Jersey in 1833. He Avas one of twins, the sister dying in infancy. He accompanied his parents to Illinois in 1839 and here his youth was passed in the manner common to boys of the pioneer period, having to Avalk two miles to attend the winter school of his district. In October, 1856, he married Miss Mary Isabelle, daughter of William ancl Amanda Barr, Avho in 1851 came from Ohio to this county. After his marriage he settled on the Hazen farm Avhere he resided until 1875, Avhen he established a mercantile house at West Jersey, Avhich he carried on for eighteen months, when failing health compelled a change. Disposing of his stock, he re sumed agricultural life, and in the fall of f 876 took up his present residence, OAvning one hundred acres of the best improved land in the toAvnship. In official life he has been assessor, road commissioner ancl school director for a number of years. Mrs. ancl Mr. Hazen are mem bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, a reorganization of the old class of "Hazen's Schoolhouse." Their son, LeAvis J., born here December 16, 1857, is also a resident of this township. In political life Mr. Hazen votes the prohibition ticket, — his strong ideas on tem perance questions urging him to break aAvay from the old line politics. James R. Iienry, son of John and Martha Henry, Avas born in Hunterdon county, Nbav Jersey, March 1, 1822. His father Avas born in Ireland inl786^came to America ancl settled in NeAV Jersey, married Martha 'Swears, avIio Avas born in NeAV Jersey in 1802. His father died in 1852 at the age of sixty and his mother in May 25, 1885, in her eighty-fourth year. James' B. Henry is the second of their seven children. His early life Avas spent on the home farm, up to the age of twenty-two years, Avhen he married Miss Eliza Boyshur. Her par ents, natives of Germany, dying' in NeAV Jersey Avhen she Avas but a child. After their marriage Mr. Henry folloAved farming in NeAV Jersev six years. He came to Illinois in 1851, journeying oA'erland by wagon, the trip lasting six Aveeks. They purchased land in this toAvn- ship, ancl there braved the dangers of pioneer life Avith the Avolves ancl deer for neighbors, and their worst enemies, rattlesnakes, Avith Avhich the country abounded. On July 1, 1883, Mrs. Henry died suddenly, being then in her sixty-second year. They Avere the parents of eight children, four of Avhom died in infancy; those liA'ing are: Theodore P., minister in Kansas; Watson C, West Jersey ; George W. principal of the Lafayette schools; and Charles W., noAv Dr. Henry of Vermont, 111. After his wife's death Mr. Henry rented his 692 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES farm, and has since made his home with his son Watson in West Jer sey village. Mr. Iienry, as was also his wife, is a member of the Meth odist Episcopal Church. He has ahvays been a Bepublican, and has held several township offices, although he has never sought them. He has spent some time visiting the scenes of his childhood, from which he has recently returned. He is in his sixty-fifth year, ancl although his locks show the inroads of time, he is quite active. Mrs. Boone Ingels, who died at El Paso, Tex., in July, 1883, resided near the south line of West Jersey. John Jackson born in Fayette county, O., in the year 1832, is a son of John and Elizabeth (Bouse) Jackson, natives of Pennsyh'ania, who settled in Ohio, Avhere Mr. Jackson died in 1846. Mrs. Jackson is liv ing at the age of ninety years. Our subject was reared on the farm and in 1854 came to Illinois and settled in Toulon, Avhere he resided till the folloAving spring, Avhen he secured work ou a farm near Toulon, as a hand, Avhere he has since resided. In 1861 he purchased 136 acres in West Jersey toAvnship. In 1857 he married Miss Paulina Ann, a daughter of William Mahany. They were the parents of five children : Lydia E., Laura B., William A., Ursula and John. This lady died in 1875, aged thirty -eight years. In 1876 he married Miss Susan, daughter of Barnabas Frail, to whom tAvo children were born: James T. and Jennie E. This lady is a member of the Catholic church, Avhile Mr. Jackson is liberal in religious matters. Politically he is a Democrat. ( Vide sketch of Frail family) Levi Johnson, a native of New York, Avas born October 13, 1769. He followed the occupation of a milhvright. He married Hannah Buss, Avho Avas born December 18, 1770. Her father, Abraham Buss, Avas murdered by the Indians on the Allegheny river, March 2, 1790. He (Levi Johnson) Avas the father of five children, three boys and tAvo girls. Henry, the eldest of these, Avas born January 9, 1793. He learned his father's trade. When he was about seventeen years of age he removed to Kentucky Avith his parents, enlisted during the Avar of 1812, but on account of a Avound on his arm caused by the slipping of a hand ax, he AA'as rejected. On March 28, 1816, he married Mary, daughter of Amaziah Davidson, born in Kentucky, September 14, 1799. Her parents were Scotch avIio came to America and settled in Ken tucky, as companions of Daniel Boone. In 1827, Mr. Johnson with his Avife settled in Bike county, 111., but on account of the troublesome Indians they Avere compelled to return to Kentucky. In 1830 they braved the clangers of a frontier life ancl returned to Bike county, Avhere he followed bis trade of mi]hvright. Here on September 11, 1816, Mrs. Johnson died in her forty-seventh year. In 1851 Mr. John son settled near the place Avhere the village of Sparland, Marshall county, noAv stands. In 1865 he came to Stark county, where he died September 17, 1878, in the eighty-sixth year of his age. A. J. Johnson, son of Iienry ancl Mary (Davidson) Johnson, Avas born in Chambersburgh tOAvnship, Pike county. 111., October 23, 1833. He is of Irish descent, his paternal ancestors coming to America prior to the time of the Bevolution ancl settling in New York. AndreAv J. is the eighth child of their family of eleven children. In 1854 he married OF WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 693 Miss Margaret, daughter of William and Margaret (Bunn) Campbell born in Pennsylvania, December 16, 1833. Her father, a Pennsylvania^ died in 1835. In 1848 she came with her mother, Avho had married a Mr. Placher, to Peoria, where she met Mr. Johnson, as before stated, and married him m 1854. After this marriage he folloAved farmino- in Marshall county several years. In April,' 1865, thev came to Stark county Avhere they had previously purchased one hundred acres in West Jersey township where they still reside. Nine children have blessed their union, eight of whom are still living: Charles W (deceased), William H., Oscar J., Edgar L, Frank G, LeAvis O., Bobert B., Ida A. and Fannie M. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson are members of the M. E. church, as are also all of their children. Politically Mr. Johnson is a Bepublican, and has held several offices of trust, among them, justice of the peace, ancl supervisor for several terms. That he honor ably discharged his duties to the satisfaction of the people is signified by his numerous reelections. He has increased his original farm of one hundred acres to 240 acres of choice lands, located within two miles of the village. Mr. Johnson has for se\'eral years been an officer and member of the agricultural society of this county. William II. Johnson, son of Andrew J. ancl Margaret J. (Campbell) ' Johnson was born in Marshall county, 111., August 6, 1859. In '65 he with his parents settled in West Jersey toAvnship. In '76 he entered Hedding College, Abingdon, 111., ancl after a study there of four years he returned to his home on account of ill health, and at various times was engaged in teaching school. On December 5, '83, he married Miss Flora, a daughter of Beuben and Martha (Heaton) Swank, born in Stark county, September 22, '60. Previous to his marriage Mr. John son had purchased a store at West Jersey village, which he now owns. Mr. Swank was a native oi Pennsylvania, born November 14, '30, and died April 14, '72. Mrs. Swank Avas born in NeAV Jersey. November 23, '33. They came to Illinois at an early day, and after their mar riage settled near West Jersey, where Mr. SAvank died. At the age of fourteen Miss Flora entered Hedding College, Avhere she studied for about three years, when she entered the Wesleyan University at Bloomington, 111. Subsequently she spent some time at Chicago in the study of the fine arts, and in '83 she married Mr. Johnson, as be fore stated. Since their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have resided at West Jersey. They are both respected members of the Methodist Episcopal church, interested in all Avorks of a progressive nature, ancl are held in high esteem. In politics Mr. Johnson, like his father, is a Bepublican, ancl has honorably filled the office of toAvn clerk. R. W. King, M. D., one of the old physicians of the county, AA'as born in Columbiana county, 0., in 1819. His parents, William and Elizabeth (Ware) King, were Virginians, avIio settled in Ohio about 1810, Avhere both died. The father served in the War of '12, which resulted in the total banishment of the British from our coasts. Dr. King was educated in the early subscription schools of his district. In '45 he entered the study of medicine at Akron, O., under Dr. Bartges. He practiced in that city for eleven years, until coming to Peoria county in '56, Avhere he practiced tAvo years ; resided at Brimfield two years, 41 694 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES and in '60 established an office at West Jersey. In addition to his professional duties he served as school director for sixteen years, col lector one year, and in '85 Avas appointed postmaster. He is also en gaged in the drug trade there, his son, now of Toulon, assisting in the store. Dr. King was married in '39 to Miss Sarah Bartges, to whom six children were born, of whom two are living — Catherine E., now Mrs. James Jones, of Omaha, Neb., and Elizabeth, Mrs. George Slo-' cum, of Ford county, Kan. A son, John W., enlisted in '62, but died at Fort Hudson before muster-in. The mother of this family died in May, '56, ancl three years later the doctor married Miss Fannie E. Hunt. They are the parents of five children : Fannie B., deceased, Frank, Allen, Bert and Azora M. In political life Dr. King was de cidedly Democratic up to a few years ago, when the fascinating god dess of Greenbackism won his allegiance. Jacob Kissel, Avho settled in West Jersey about 1862, removed to Nebraska, and after a residence of nine years there returned to this county. Mr. Kissel was born in Lancaster county, Pa., in 1808, moved to Ohio, ancl subsequently resided in Indiana, Wisconsin and Nebraska, settling down here. In 1833 he married Miss Hester Clouser in Pennsylvania. Of their children, Reuben, Nathaniel, Mary, Emanuel, Sarah, Arabella, Henrietta, James (deceased), George and Jehial Kis sel, are names Avell knoAvn. Emanuel served three years with a Peoria battery, escaped Avounds, and is noAv a useful citizen of Dodge City, Kan. * Philip Knoff, deceased, was born in New Jersey, February 7, 1805, where his parents, Peter and Susan (Simmons) Knoff, then resided. In 1832 he married Miss Sarah Young, in 1845 moved to Ohio, and the folloAving year set out for this county by wagon. On the journey hither, and after traveling forty miles, one of his horses died, Avhen he returned to Ohio ; but in the next spring made the journey and here purchased eighty acres of congressional land, built a log cabin, and entered on pioneer life. Here he resided until his ddath, October 11, 1876. He saw his original farm increased to 160 acres, and tAvo sur vivors, of his five children, settled in life — Mrs. Kate Cross, of Toulon, and Mrs. Margaret ShoAv, of West Jersey. In politics he Avas demo cratic. Jacob Young, brother of Mrs. Knoff, settled in West Jersey in 1846. For thirty years he Avas a pioneer here, and then became a pioneer of IoAva, Avhere he noAv resides. Mrs. Knoff Avas born in New Jersey in 1809. Her parents, John ancl Susan (Daly) Young, died in that state about 1824. She has been connected Avith the Presbyterian Church of West Jersey since her settlement here, and has ahvays been looked upon as a most exemplary member of the community. William Mahany, deceased, settled in Toulon toAvnship, on the line of Essex, in 1836-7. He was born in the Shenandoah valley, in 1803 ; came to Illinois a single man and here married Miss Lydia McMullen. The farm which he purchased on coming here was improved by his own hands, ancl on it he resided until his death, in 1875. His wife died in 1866, at a time when her husband's success in life was assured and her young family proA'ided for. Their children were : Paulina A. (deceased),. James V. B., John W., residents here; Baxter M., died OF WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 695 while in the army; Marshall, residing here, and Oliver, deceased. J. V. B. Mahany married Miss Belle C. Cain, of this county. He is the OAvner of 350 acres of fertile land in West Jersey township, all Avell improA'ed ancl thoroughly cultivated. Like his father, he is democratic in political life, but liberal and enterprising as a citizen. ( Vide general history and sketch of loulon township.) W. S. McClanahan, physician and surgeon, a native of Monmouth, 111., is the son of T. S. ancl Mary J. (Martin) McClanahan, nath'es of Ohio, but old settlers of Warren county, 111., of Avhich T. S. McClan ahan Avas surveyor for many years. The doctor completed his literary education during a tAvo years' course at Monmouth College. He taught school, principally at Ber Avick, for three years; read medicine under his brother, Dr. J. M. McClanahan, of KirkAvood, 111.; in the fall of 1881 matriculated at Bush Medical College, Avhere he took a full course in medicine and surgery, ancl from Avhich he graduated in 1883. He began practice immediately after in Mercer county, 111., and six months later settled at West Jersey, Avhere he has confirmed himself in the confidence ancl esteem of the people. As related in the history of the village, he is a member of the new I. 0. O. F. lodge there. His mar riage with Miss Mabel S. Matteson, of BerAvick, 111., was celebrated in 1 884. They are the parents of one child. Earl M. Rev. Allen Coioen Miller, born in Fayette county, Fa., February 12, 1807, Avas the fourth son of James and Agnes Miller. His father died early in the twenties, for in 1826 his mother resided at Sewickley, Pa., Avhere her son united Avith the , Presbyterian church that year. From this period until 1829 he devoted all his leisure hours to study. In this year he Avas employed by Dr. Jennings, of the Christian Her ald, to canvass for that paper throughout Northern Pennsylvania and Eastern Ohio, ancl continued in this position until the fall of 1831, when he entered the Bassenheim Manual Labor Academy at Zelieno- ple, Pa. In 1832 he entered Jefferson College, and with the exception of the summer of 1835, studied there until 1837, when he graduated ancl entered the Western Theological Seminary, from Avhich he grad uated in 1840. He was licensed by the Ohio Presbytery June 17, 1840, ancl in June, 1841, Avas installed pastor of the church at Mar seilles, Ohio. He presided over that church for seven years, and while there married Miss Mary Pierson, who died at Toulon, August 22, 1872. From 1848 to 1851 he presided over churches at Edna ancl Caroline, Ohio. On coming to Illinois in 1851, he preached at Boscoe one year and then became pastor of the church at White Rock, where he remained for nine years. During that time he organized the Pres byterian church at Rochelle ancl also preached there for tAvo years. In the fall of 1861 he Avith his family settled at West Jersey, ancl in the spring of 1863 removed to Toulon and for four years supplied the pul pit at West Jersey. Subsequently he rested from ministerial labor, again preached to several congregations throughout this district, acted as bible agent and colporteur, ancl in 1873 revisited his old home and friends in Pennsylvania and churches in Ohio. On returning in Januarv 1874. he received a call from his old society at White Rock, which call he accepted. There he died May 12, 1874, and his remains 696 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES were taken to Toulon to rest. Of his three sons, two are leading lawyers of Stark county, and the youngest lies buried beside his parents in the cemetery at Toulon. I. L. Newman, born in Warren county, N. J., July 7, 1827, is a son of Abraham and Eleanor (Lanning) Newman, natives of that state, and still residents there. His grandparents Avere Abraham and Mary (Hankinson) NeAvman, whose ancestors Avere British. Grand father Abraham entered the service of the Continental Congress when fourteen years old and served throughout the grand struggle for free dom. At one time his brother and a man named Wykoff were capt ured by Indians who tomahawked one, while Wykoff escaped. This murder Abraham Avell aA^enged, both on the Indians .and their teachers of England. After the war he settled in New Jersey, became a preacher of the M. E. church, and died there in his seventieth year. Isaac L. NeAvman Avas educated in the schools of Warren county. In 1851 he left his home in a one-horse buggy, and in forty-tAvo days ar rived at West Jersey Center with a capital of $300, ancl began life on the prairies. He purchased a tract of forty acres on section 15, at $3 per acre, and this small tract has groAvn, so to speak, into a magnifi cent farm of 600 acres. On September 12, 1857, he married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of James B. and Anna (Tuttle) Waibasse, Avhose brother Joseph came from Germany, ancl in 1858 settled here. Her father Avas the first to break sod in Sussex county, N. J. To this marriage there Avere born: Jerome, September 22, 1859; Anna,. Feb ruary 14, 1862 ; Melden A. and Selden A. (twins), March 24, 1866, all of whom are living. As related in the tOAvnship history, he has been supervisor of West Jersey for five years; is a member of the Blue Lodge at Toulon, and politically a member of the Bepublican party. In 188i Mr. NeAvman married Miss Permelia, daughter of John and Lydia (Maines) Pevey, who came from NeAV Jersey to the toAvnship about 1850. Here her father died in 1863. aged about fifty- six years, ancl here her mother still resides in her seventy-sixth year. They Avere the parents of ten children, namely : Bachel, Joseph, Iienry, John, Catherine, Permelia, William, Arthur, Jane, Aaron, Elizabeth and Clarrissa. Arthur resides in Peoria county, Aaron in Fulton county, 111., and Elizabeth in Kansas. The other children are residents of Stark county. ( Vide General History.) Joseph Pedmer Avas born at Brattleboro, Vt., in 1802. In 1827 he moved to Ashland county, O., ancl ten years after came here, settling on the farm noAv in possession of his son. He Avas married in Ashland county to Mary, a daughter of Elias Slocum. On coming here in 1837 he purchased 320 acres and made this township his home until after the Avar, Avhen he moved to Galesburg. He Avas one of the old Board of County Commissioners, and for years the postmaster at Walnut Creek. Of his children, Willard resides here, James lives at Galesburg, Anna is Avife of James E. White, of Garnett, Kan.; Averella and Bose (the latter known as Mrs. McChesney) are deceased. Mr. Palmer still sur vives pioneer hardships, and is a resident of Galesburg, 111. Willard Palmer was born in Ashland county in 1837, and when seven months old was brought into the wilds of Spoon river. He :*«3rm "J of West jersey township. 699 received a practical education here, ancl here in 1861 married Miss Elsie, daughter of Wilson Garnu, of Michigan, who subsequently set tled in this county. Mr. Palmer carries on a large farm ancl devotes much attention to stock-growing. While appreciating the value of good men in official positions, and like his father, unpartisan in political affairs, he votes Avith the Democratic party on all state and national issues. . John Pratz (deceased) was born near Carlisle, Pa., April 17, 1798. His marriage with Miss Nancy Layman took place there about 1819, ancl the folloAving year this lady died there. Subsequently he married Miss Sarah Wetzell, and in 1S27 unwed to a point near Avhat is iioav Ashland City, 0. In 1837, Avith their eight children, ancl in company Avith the families of Elias Wycoff, Elias, Jr., Nehemiah. Wycoff and NeAvton Matthews, they came to Illinois. Each family had Iavo ox teams, a span of horses ancl a light wagon, with Avhich they made the journey overland. Mr. Pratz settled on the east half of southeast quarter of section tAventy-eight, and also entered a second eighty on the same section, built a log cabin, the chinks of Avhich Avere filled Avith clay ancl chopped prairie grass. For a quarter of a century he lived here, moved to Bochester, Avhere he died December 23, 1862, ancl Mrs. Pratz September 19, 1865. They AA'ere old members of the Congrega tional church, but later connected themselves with the Christian church, of Avhich they Avere members at the period of death. Jonathan Prats, their only surviving son residing here, was born in Pennsylvania February 14, 1820, came Avith his parents here when seventeen years old, was married here February 8, 1841, to Miss Eliza J., daughter of James ancl Maria (Trickle) Murphy, began farm life for himself, and in 1846 settled on his present farm. Of their eight chil dren, five are living: Anna M., in IoAva; Bosetta L., Sarah C., John E. ancl Hiram N. The deceased were : Mary F., Boyal L. and Ora E., who died in August, 1883. For thirty-five years they have been mem bers of the Christian church, but prior to that time Avere Congregation- alists. He owns 220 acres, apart from the broad acres AA'hich he gave to his children. He has been successful in all his dealings, strictly upright, ancl noAv lives in the midst of peace ancl plenty. Sylvester H. Sanders, born in Morris county, N. J., December 16, 1812, is a son of Darius ancl Mary (Lochman) Sanders, natives of New Jersey, AA'here both died. At about the age of seventeen years he learned the carpenter trade, which he folloAved until 1845, Avhen, with his wife, Miss Eliza Ann Bryan, to Avhom he was married October 8, 1836, and three children, he made the journey to Illinois by wagon, ancl located a farm of 160 acres in West Jersey, on the north Avest quar ter of section twenty-eight, where he resided for a number of years. On this journey he was accompanied by Thomas Fox, his brother-in- law, and family. Here his wife died August 17, 1869, in her fifty- fourth year. Of the three children who came with them, and six born here, Bev. Jacob H. is a Methodist minister, Beter K. is dead, Mary J is wife of Bev. A. Atherton, Susan E. is deceased, Sophroma is Mrs Wm. Sterler, Susan A. deceased, Fred E., Darius E. and Lucy M wife of Rev. R. A. Brown. In 1879 Mr. Sanders and wife moved 700 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES into West Jersey village, where their residence was then erected. Mr. Sanders owns 160 acres, together with village property, all the savings of years of labor. In religious matters he is a Methodist of over thirty years' standing. His second marriage Avas .solemnized April 13, 1871, Avith Miss Catherine Egbert, avIio, like her husband, is a devout church member. Brior to 1856 Mr. Sanders Avas a Democrat, but since that time has been faithful to Bepublican doctrine and party. Darius Sanders, born in Morris county, N. J., in 1816, died March 27, 1884. In 1868 he settled in West Jers"ey township. Elder John Sargent, born in Maryland, October, 1793, served two campaigns in the War of 1812, after moving to Ohio Avith his parents; came to Henry county in 1850, to Stark county in 1853, later to Mis souri, horn Avhich he Avas driven by the Jay-haAvkers in 1861. He re turned and settling at Millbrook, Peoria county, died there July 14, 1882. Belle (Trimmer) Shafer, born in West Jersey township in 1863; married Peter Shafer in 1884; died March 15, 1885. Mary L. Swank (Shannon), died at Grimes, Iowa, February 1, 1885, aged twenty-eight years. Peter Sheets, deceased, son of Michael ancl Elizabeth (Wygell) Sheets, Avas born in Hampshire county, Va. His parents Avere of Ger man origin and Avere married in West Virginia in the spring of 1836 ; removed to what is now Essex township ; purchased 280 acres on sec tion 16 for $1,000, including a small house and thirty-acres broken. Seven children accompanied them hither, namely : Malinda (deceased), Irene, Mrs. Alexander Christy ; George, Valentine (deceased), Bosanna, Benton county, Iowa; William M., Florida (deceased), AndreAv J., of Nodaway county, Mo., was born here. Jacob Wygell, brother of Mrs. Sheets, came Avith them, remained two or three years and returned to Virginia. Peter Sheets ancl Avife have passed aAvay from their pioneer labors here as stated in the history of Essex toAvnship. George Sheets Avas born in SAvitzerland county, near Patriot,' in 1825, ancl was tAvelve years old Avhen he settled Avith parents in Essex tOAvnship. He AA'as married. December 24, 1844, by Justice Edward Trickle, to Char lotte, daughter, of David Simmerman, Avhose history is given in this Avork. In 1848 he located in West Jersey township, and oavus today an eighty-acre farm well improved. Their children are Eliza A., Mrs. J. PL Emery, Sarah E., Mrs. G. B. Varside, Elmira J., Mrs. E. B. SAvank, all residents of this toAvnship. Mrs. George Sheets Avas born in West Virginia in 1828, ancl for over forty years has shared her hus band's labors ancl successes. ( Vide History of Essex Township.) Jacob B. Smith, deceased, born in Beading, Pa,., in 4801, settled near Ashland, Ohio, where he married Mrs. Maria Murphy, nee Trickle, and in 1835 came to Illinois, making the journey by wagon and four horses. They settled near Canton, ancl in February, 1836, settled on 160 acres, section 35, West Jersey. There he built a log- cabin 16 by 16, and resided there for many years. He spent his later days at Galva. Both were members of the Christian Church, as Avere Julia A., now deceased ; Eliza J. and Mary A., of Peoria county, daughters of Mrs. Murphy. After her marriage Avith Mr. Smith, Wil- OF WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. 701 son A., Algernon, noAv in Iowa; Washington T. and Oliver J. in Iowa, were born, the two last natives of Stark. Mr. Smith died in Septem ber, 1884, and Mrs. Smith at Galva, in 1S69, in her seventy-first year. Sarah II. {Lorance) Stimmel, widoAv of Jacob Stimmel, was born in Virginia November 6, 1812. Her parents, Virginians, in 1815 settled near Columbus, Ohio, AA'here they engaged in farming. Here, in 1825, her father, Mr. Lorance, died, death being caused by being out in a storm assisting a neighbor to erect a log cabin. Some time after her husband's death Mrs. Lorance married a Mr. Dill. Again in 1836 she was left a Avidow. Several years later she started for Missouri, but changing her mind on the road she settled in Stark county, Illinois, In 1861 she died at her son's home, in Knox county, in her eighty- second year. Sarah Lorance is the fourth child of their family of ten children. On March 16, 1843, she married Jacob Stimmel, Avhose Vir ginian, parents AA'ere also settlers of Ohio, near Columbus, AA'here they both died. Plis father, Peter Stimmel, died at the age of seventy, and his mother, Elizabeth (Lantis), at the age of sixty-four. Jacob Avas the eldest of a family of eight children. He Avas born May 13, 1818. His early life was spent assisting his parents on the farm. After his mar riage he began farming in Ohio. Six years later they moA'ed into the village of Groveport. He came Avestward in search of a home, and before moving made three visits. In 1857 they moved to Knox county, 111., remained on their farm for one year, then removed to Peoria county and remained three years, ancl next settled in West Jersey township. A year later they purchased the place where Mrs. Stimmel now resides. At the time of their settlement Illinois Avas a Avilderness; their most numerous neighbors being Avolves, the howlmgs of Avhich could be heard every night. On March 24, 1885, Mr. Stimmel died, having passed through the pioneer period of two States. Pie Avas a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and of the I. O. O. F. They were the parents of nine children, five of Avhom still live : Vir ginia A. (deceased), Jacob W., noAv residing in Missouri ; Isaac L., also in Missouri; Peter (deceased), Josephine (deceased), Franklin (deceased), Missouri, noAv Mrs. Griffin, of IoAva; Virginia, now Mrs. Brady, of West Jersey; ancl Frank L., residing at home. Mrs. Stimmel is noAv in her seventy -fifth year. She has been crippled for tliirty-nine years, and for nearly three years has been unable to Avalk, but she bears'her affliction with patience and forbearance. Her farm consists of 250 acres, well improved. Robert Stonier, son of James and Ziporah (Davis) Stonier, was born in Plerefordshire, England, on Foxhall farm, May 2, 1819. Plis ances tors were of old English descent. His father died April 10, 1849, m his eighty-third year, and mother in 1851-, being about the same age as her husband. At the age of fourteen Bobert Avas apprenticed to a car penter receiving for his labor one shilling a AA'eek, this being increased as he 'progressed. His father paid £30 to secure him this position with Henry Iiaines, of Cheltenham, Gloucestershire. After seven vears he began working at his trade, first at Cheltenham a short time, next at Bristol, then at London, AA'here he remained about three years; when he removed to Southampton, and in 1850 came to America. 702 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES Landing at New York he worked there at his trade about a year, when he Avent to Buffalo and remained a short time. While there he sent to England for Miss Elizabeth Bisco, met her at NeAV York, where they were married in Trinity church, June 5, 1851. Returning to Buffalo, they remained a feAv months, and the same fall removed to Peoria, 111. Elizabeth Bisco is a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Arnold) Bisco, born in Gloucestershire, Eng., June 4, 1820. Her father was proprie tor of a large linen manufactory, until his death in 1857 at the age of eighty-three, being preceded by his Avife three years, who died in her eighty-first year. After the arrival of the Stoniers in Peoria, Mr. Stonier followed his trade about sixteen years. They then purchased a farm in West Jersey toAvnship, where they still reside. At the time of their settlement here Stark county was without a railroad, and the people hauled their produce to Peoria. Seven children have been born to them, only tAvo of Avhom are living: John J. (deceased), Bobert A. (deceased), Arthur F. (deceased), Charles E. (deceased), Harry P., farmer of West Jersey toAvnship; Albert B., at home, ancl Eva E. (deceased). Mr. ancl Mrs. Stonier Avere formerly members of the Pres byterian church. Their tAvo sons are members of the M. E. church. Mr. Stonier was a member of the I. O. O. F., and had taken the fifth degree. In politics he Avas formerly a Democrat, but is noAv a sup porter of the Bepublican party. While living in Beoria Mr. Stonier Avas one of the first to sign the first petition for the abolition of slavery. Pie now owns 240 acres of choice lands, a little over tAvo miles from the village of West Jersey. Charles W. Terry, son of Thomas and Harriet Ann (Hopper) Terry, was born at Wood Church, East Kent, England, April 25, 1849. In 1853 he came Avith his parents to America, the ocean journey lasting thirteen weeks. His parents first settled in NeAV York for two years, then removed to Peoria county, 111., settled near Elinwood ; four years later moved to Knox county and purchased land, and for several years followed farming. In 1883 they moved to Yates City AA'here they still reside. When Mr. Terry first reached Illinois he had but fifty cents in his pocket, but by industry ancl economy he has amassed a fortune and can uoav enjoy life to its fullest extent. Mr. Terry cul tivated corn Avhere the city of ElmAvood noAv stands. He also helped to build the first railroad in Illinois, and has seen much of pioneer life in this state. Both he and Avife are members of the Methodist Episco pal church, ancl are at present strong and active. Mr. Terry is noAv sixty-five and Mrs. Terry seventy-three years of age. Charles W. Terry is the oldest of their family of two children. His early life was spent at hard labor. At twelve years of age he began school for the first time. The schoolhouse being built of logs, and the benches of planks. On September 23, 1873, he married Miss Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Eccless B. and Jerusha (Smith) West, born in Tazewell county, 111., September 29, 1850. Her father Avas a natiA'e of Ohio, and her mother's people come to Chicago from Massachusetts, journey ing overland with oxen, the trip lasting three months. He purchased forty acres where Chicago now stands, but removed to TazeAvell county Avhen Jerusha was but a child, having been born in Chicago. Her OF WEST JERSEY TOWNSHIP. . 703 father came to Putnam county, where he first met Miss Smith. He afterAvards came to Tazewell county AA'here they were married When Mary was but seA'en years old they came to Stark countv, ancl settled m Essex township, ancl later came to West Jersey township where they remained until 1886, Avhen they removed to Missouri. Mr ancl Mrs. West are members of the Christian church. Mr. West is now sixty-eight and Mrs. West sixtv years of age. Of their ten children five died m infancy. Mary, iioav Mrs. Terry, is the eldest child. Her early life was spent at home assisting her parents. Pier advantages also Avere only those of the pioneer period. Since their marriage in 1873 Mr. ancl Mrs. Terry have resided on their farm in West Jersey township, Avhich Mr. Terry had previously purchased. Three children have blessed their union. Mary L, Harriet J. ancl William (). Polit ically Mr. Terry is a Bepublican, and is opposed to secret organizations. Mr. ancl Mrs. Terry are descendants of Illinois' earliest .pioneers, as this sketch will shoAv." They haA'e a pleasant home four miles from Toulon, Avhere they own 145 acres of well-improved lands. Washington Trickle. — Mrs. Wiley's father is the son of Christopher and Mary Trickle. He was born near Baltimore, Md., February 1, 1805. May 15, 1828, he married Miss Eleanor Smith, Avho was born in Delaware in 1807. In 1835 he came to Fulton county, 111., and one year later to Stark county, ancl began farming. On July 15, 1883, Mrs. Trickle died at their 'home in Elmrwood, 111. Since her death Mr. Trickle has made his home Avith his son-in-law, Mr. Wiley. He is now eighty-two years of age, strong ancl active. In 1811 Mr. Trickle re moved to Ohio from Maryland, Avhere on account of the Indians he was quartered in the fort. Almost a quarter of a century later he came to Illinois. Aaron D. Van Sickle, son of Aaron ancl Nomey (Decker) Van Sickle, was born in Warren county, N. J., March 24, 1831. His parents, New Jerseyians, came to West Jersey toAvnship, AA'here his father died June 1, 1874. His mother is still living, and is seventy- eight years of age. Aaron D. is the second child of their family of ten children. In 1850 he married Miss Mary Kelly, a natiA'e of Ireland. After their marriage, Mr. Van Sickle was employed as a farm hand, he working for $90 per year, which occupation he followed six years. In 1856 he came to Stark county, ancl in 1863 he purchased a farm and began its- improvement. In 1875 Mrs. Van Sickle died, her health having been failing for some time. She left fh'e children, one of whom died in infancy ; Harriet, now Mrs. Barr, of Bucla, 111. ; George, a farmer of West Jersey ; Josephine, Mrs. Laing, of Missouri, and Willie, at home. In 1877 Mr. Van Sickle married Miss Martha Ann Wiley, a daughter of Jacob and Julia Ann Wiley, born in Stark coun ty, 111., Ma,rch 26, 1860. Her father, a native of NeAV Jersey, being born in Morris county, April 27, 1802, removed to Illinois in 1853, and settled in Stark county. Here, in 1854 Mrs. Wiley died. In 1855 Mr. Wiley married Mrs. Julia Ann White. She AA'as born in Ohio, May 27, 1872. Again Mr. Wiley was left a AvidoAver, Mrs. Wiley's death occurring March, 16, 1872. She left the children, Mrs. Van Sickle being the third child. Since his wife's death, Mr. Wiley has for 704 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES the most of the time made his home with his children, recently at Mr. Van Sickle's. He is now in his eighty-fifth year, and for so old a man is strong ancl active. Since Mr. Van Sickle's marriage with Miss Wiley in 1877, he has resided on his farm, about two and a half miles from the village of West Jersey. This marriage was blessed by tAvo chil dren, Bertha A. and Charles E. He has always been a Republican, and has held several township offices. He has increased his original farm of 100 acres to 500 acres of choice lands in West Jersey. John Wiley, son of Jacob ancl Anna (Sanders) Wiley, was born in New Jersey in 1834. His parents, both born in NeAV Jersey, came to Illinois in 1852. They settled in West Jersey township where, in '54, his mother died. His father is still living, being now eighty-five years of age. John Wiley is the third child of a family of seven children. In '52, when he Avas eighteen years of age, he came Avith his parents to Stark county, Avhere he was engaged in agriculture, most of the time working by the month. In '65 he married Miss Eunice, daughter of Washing ton ancl Eleanor Trickle, born in 1836. After their marriage Mr. Wiley began farming in West Jersey toAvnship, Avhere he now resides. By his first marriage four children were born, three of whom are liv ing : Arthur J., Ella, Laura A. George W. is numbered with the dead. In '65 Mrs. Wiley died in membership Avith the Christian Church. In '66 Mr. Wiley married Miss Sarah C, daughter of Aaron and Dorcas Aten, born in Fulton county, 111., in 1837. In '80 this lady died, leaving five children : Alma A., Ira L., Thomas It,'., Emma T. and Clara L. Politically he is a Bepublican. He has increased his original farm of eighty acres to 290 acres, all well improved. ( Vide sketches of Jacob Wiley and W. Trickle.) W. W. Webster, to whom many references are made in the political and pioneer chapters, was for years prominent among the pioneers of Knox county as well as of Stark. In '56 W. W. Webster, two daughters, and Miss M. E. Mcintosh, a friend, all of West Jersey, Avere stricken with disease, Avhich ended in death. W. W. Webster was one of the first temperance Avorkers in Stark county, and certainly one of the most earnest abolitionists in the State. ( Vide general history.) Mahala Young, died June 1, 1883, aged fifty-four years. She Avas born in Maryland in 1859 ; moved with parents to Ohio in '37, and to Illinois in '44. In '46 she married Mr. Young. C. W. Young, retired merchant, was born in Washington county, Md., in 1825, of Avhich state his parents, William and Mahala (Roby) Young, were also natives, where the latter died about 1833. In 1838, before Stark was organized, Mr. Young, with his five children, located in Peoria county, 111., and died there in 1844 in his fifty-first year. Of his children who accompanied him to Illinois, IP. S. is in Minnesota, Dorcas is deceased, C. W. resides here, Mary in Missouri, and Amanda, of Princeville, Illinois. William, Nelson and Charlotte remained in Maryland for some time, but ultimately came here. William now resides in Iowa, Avhile Nelson and Charlotte are among the dead. C. W. Young Avas in his thirteenth year when he came to Illinois. He passed through all the pioneer vicissitudes of those times. In 1851 or 1852 he engaged in business at Kickapoo town, 111., and in 1853 opened of valle v township. 705 a general store at West Jersey, where his family settled in 1854 For twenty years he carried on large trade here an d'was successful in every enterprise he touched. In 1855 he was appointed postmaster, which office he he d until 1872. For twelve A'ears he was justice of the peace and school treasurer here, also served as assessor, and a member of the Republican Central Committee of Stark countv. He owns two hundred acres on section 16, all Avell improved and highly cultivated. Since 1872 he has abandoned many business cares, noAv devoting himself to the care of his landed property. Mrs. Voting, an old member of the M. E. church, died -here in 1883, aged fifty-four years. In 1885 he married Mrs. Martha A. (Pleaton) Swank, who is also a member of the M. E. church. Mr. Young's life has been eminently active ancl suc cessful. J. Q, Young, born in Warren county, N. J., in 1826, is a son of Silas ancl Sarah Young, natives of that state. Plis parents died there. In 1852 Mr. J. Q. Young visited Fredericksburg, Va., ancl resided there four years, coming to this toAvnship in 1856. For some time he worked by the month, meantime acted the part of a land prospector and ultimately purchased the 160 acres on which he now resides. He Avas married to Miss Julia Ann, daughter of Wilson Garner, who came from Michigan years ago, returned ancl is noAv among the pioneers of a higher land. Mr. Young is a member of the Greenback party though formerly a Bepublican. VALLEY TOWNSHIP. Bishop Philander Chase, born December 14, 1775, in New Hamp shire, graduated from Dartmouth College in 1795. He Avas brought up in the Congregational faith, but after leaving college became a member of the Protestant Episcopal body, studied for its ministry ; AA'as ordained in New York in May, 1798, and was missionary in that state for several years. From 1805 to 1811 he was pastor of the Protestant Episcopal church at NeAV Orleans ; next rector of the church at Hartford, Conn., ancl in 1817 Ave find him on the Ohio mis sion, of Avhich state he was elected bishop in 1819. In 1823 he visited England and secured $30,000 aid for his church, then purchased 8,000 acres in central Ohio, and laid the foundation of Kenyon College. A dispute Avith the trustees of the college about funds led to his resigna tion as president of the college, ancl also of his position as bishop, in 1831. Some time after he purchased land near Gileacl, Mich., ancl re sided thereon until 1835, Avhen he Avas elected Bishop of Illinois, and settled in Peoria county. Revisiting England he secured $10,000, with which he founded Jubilee College, Peoria county, ancl there he resided until his death, September 20, 1852. It is said of him that he AA'as the most useful, indomitable, earnest pioneer of Protestant Episcopalian- ism in the Avest, ancl indeed the history of that church does not point out a more distinguished Avorker on this continent. Bishop Chase married Miss Mary Fay. of Vermont, in 1795. She died, leaving three children: Philander, George and Dudley. The first named was a clergyman until his death in 1823 ; George became a lawyer, but died in early manhood ; and Dudley, a clergyman, resides at Philadelphia, 706 BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES. To his second wife, Miss Sophia M. Ingraham, three children Avere born : Iienry, manager of the Chase Elevator Company, Chicago ; Mary, Avife of- Bev. Jacob S. Chamberlain, of Topeka, Kan.; and Phi lander, avIio resided in Stark county until his death in 1872. Philander Chase, youngest son of Bishop Chase, Avas born at Worthington, Ohio, June 8, 1824; educated at Jubilee College, and ordained in 1846. For many years lie AA'as missionary preacher in Peoria and Stark counties. In November, 1852, he, Avith his family, settled in Valley tOAvnship. In 1856 he removed to Wyoming, as pas tor of St. Luke's church; but early in I860 returned to his farm, still conducting services at Wyoming. In February, 1864, he moA'ed to Jubilee, preached in Fulton and Iroquois counties until 1S6S. Early in 1869 he returned to Valley township, ancl resided on his farm until his death, April 23, 1872. He was married to Miss Anna K. Ingraham, May 14, 1842. Of their children, Heber is a merchant at Wady Petra; Philander, a farmer of Wyinore, Neb.; William I., publisher of the School Herald, Chicago; Elliott, a merchant of Wichita, Kan.; Henry E., a teacher, of Clarksburg, W. Va.; Alice C, on the editorial staff of the Inter Ocean. Chicago; Laura, iioav Mrs. B. PI. Freeman, of Freeport, Kan.; L. Sophia M., teacher at Biverside, 111., and Anna Content, a teacher of this county. ( Vide Histories of Toidon and Valley.) CONCLUSION. The expenditures of the county from 1839 to the close of the fiscal year 1885, are given as follows : 1839-40 $ 566 59 1841 1,298 02 1842 1,020 85 1843 1,217 31 1844 1,200 41 1845 760 00 1846....' 685 00 1847 934 76 1848 1,438 02 1849 2,106 85 1850 1,701 01 1851 1,864 53 1852 4,921 32 1853 3,586 17 1854 4,603 64 1855 4,418 07 1856 13,068 60 1857 13,016 66 1858 8,563 67 1859 5,841 11 I860 3,910 52 1861 8,128 98 1862 '.. 9,691 78 1863 14,914 86 1864 15,037 58 1865 17,149 70 1866 14,680 65 1867 27,645 70 1868 10,131 19 1869 9,416 99 1370 8,867 77 1871 19,260 91 1872 9,474 72 1873 7,117 73 1874 4,585 20 1875 18,309 65 1876 10,982 24 1877 12,585 28 1878 12,334 05 1879 12,135 41 1880 10,035 57 1881 9,309 97 1HS2 9,821 62 1883 10,952 05 1884 11,723 58 1885 17,841 72 The committee on equal ization of lands of the state board of equalization, places the value of lands in Stark county at $14.54 per acre. This is really J 0f the true value or only 20 per cent of the present average market value. STATISTICS OF THE CENSUS RETURNS FROM 1840 TO 1880, ARE GIVEN AS FOLLOWS : 1840 1850 TOAVNSHIPS. do "+- M 3 ftO Ph Osceola Toulon Valley ¦ Essex West Jersey Stark County 1576 3710 1855 1855 1855 1860 1865 1865 1865 1870 1870 1870 _, 'i. a | -3 ¦3 i a 'S ¦3 ^ & o H S r~ t_ £ rX 6 281 58li 1000 537 527 1064 1148 130 1278 :m 304 Ii70 954 554 544 1H0K 891 217 1108 275 243 5 1,H 990 578 467 1045 972 149 1121 4: to 3?J 800 1783 OSO 962 1042 1842 218 2060 4t;ii 38K 854 10K 040 615 1264 1123 147 1270 227 m 402 876 611 524 1135 845 20; 1061 iH< 407 805 1198 002 519 1121 1431 107 1538 35li 408 764 1160 0!i] 5162 568 4726 121!) 9888 12,23 9475 02 1315 21113 2585 5498 0004 1276 10751 1880 1510 078 1216 2657 1192 986 14521207 112n7 In 1860 there Avere 8,037 native ancl 967 foreign born citizens. In 1870 the nationality of our foreign population at as as follows : British, 308; Canadian, lo7; Irish^ 359; Scotch, 147; German, 158; Scandinavian, 178; French, 9. In 1880 there Avere lO,0(>7 native ancl 1,200 foreign born residents. These numbers are made up as follows : 1 Bohemian, 145 Dutch, 359 Irish, 267 English ancl Welsh, 142 Scotch, 707 708 CONCLUSION. 108 Canadians, 7 French, 151 Swedes and Norwegians, and 4 Swiss. The native population comprises 6,711, llliAois; 167, Indiana; 531, NeAV York ; 868, Ohio ; 628, Pennsylvania ; 40, Kentucky ; 63, Mis souri ; 23, Tennessee; 116, Virginia; and 29, Wisconsin. In 1850 the population of the county seat and toAvnship was only 377. The population of the toAvns in 1870 Avas as follows: Toulon, 904; Wyoming, 640 ; Lafayette, 284; Bradford, 280. In 1855, Toulon had 355, and Lafayette 350. In 1880 the population of Wyoming was 1086 ; of Toulon, 967 ; of Bradford, 506 ; of Lafayette, 265 ; of Castle ton, 149 ; of Lombardville, 104 ; of West Jersey, 94 ; of Elmira, 84, of Modena, 76, and of Osceola, 69. The population of 1880 Avas made up of 5,854 males and 5353 females ; 1751 males and 1645 females being DetAveen the ages of 5 ancl 17 years inclusive. ¦ , ELMIRA. A son of Bev. Mr. McDermott, of the Knox Presbyterian church, Elmira, was accidentally shot by another boy, Walter SteA'enson, in April, 1885. There was no coroner's jury, as Dr. Boardman, the examining physician, did not deem the case as one requiring official examination. The matter Avas subsequently brought, before the grand jury, that body discharged the case, crediting the death of young McDairmid to boyish recklessness rather than to intent. In a state ment made before Judge Wright August 12, 1885, by Mrs. Mary McDair mid, the folloAving explanation of this sad affair is given: 'When John McWilliams first saAV Nelson (McDairmid) ancl Walter Steven son) they Avere shooting in the pond, then they lay doAvn on-the grass, Walter having Nelson's gun; he gaA'e it to John McWilliams, saying, "There are three balls in it." John saAV the balls himself. He shot once at the fence, Avhen Walter took the gun ancl pointed it at Nelson, when Nelson said, " Don't you point that gun at me; I don't Avant any one to point a gun at me like that." Walter snapped, the chamber was empty. Walter continued pointing the gun at Nelson, Avhen the latter moved back, bent his head nearly to the ground, held up his arm over bis head. Walter folloAved, pointing, snapped the second time, the gun was discharged, the ball entering Nelson's head. John McWill iams Avent for Avater, brought some in a hat and bathed Nelson's head, when Nelson said, "That is nice." Bringing water a second time, he asked Walter if he should go ancl tell that Nelson Avas shot. Walter said, " Yes." Johnny said that one of the Armstrongs stated it was a play the boys were playing out of a book; but as he saw no book, he did not believe it was any play." -As stated in the history of the township, the general belief was that the affair was accidental.