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GEORGE LAMB WILLARD.
First Lieutenant, Eighth Infantry, United States Army.
(From Photograph Taken in 1856.)

©
A REGIMENTAL HISTORY

THE

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH
NEW YORK STATE VOLUNTEERS.

BY
CHAPLAIN EZRA D. SIMONS,
Author of "Divine Pictures of the Christian Centuries."

ILLUSTRATED.

PUBLISHED BY
EZRA D. SIMONS,
9 Murray St., New York.
1888.

Entered according to Act of Congress, by
EZRA D. SIMONS,
, the Office of the Librarian of Congress in the year 18
Cos s^s

PRESS OF
The Judson Printing Co.,
l6 BEEKMAN ST.,
NEW YORK,

The Survivors

I he Kiine "Hundred and rwenty-fiftl] J\. Y- Volunteers,

AND TO THOSE WHO KIMBER KINDRED AM) l-'RIF.NDS AMONG

Its Honored Dead

ARE THESE PACES RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED.

EZRA D. SIMONS,

Chaplain of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth N. V. Vols, from March, 1863,
to June, 1S65.

PREFACE.

A quarter of a century has passed since the regiment whose
history is here recorded entered upon active service in the
War of the Rebellion. Comrades who formerly moved side
by side in duty and danger are rapidly dropping out in the
march of life. It has seemed fitting that some special me
morial of their service and heroism should be prepared, to be
bequeathed to their children and children's children. To one
who shared with them the hardships of the march, the ex
posures of camp-life, and the dangers of the battle-field ; who
witnessed their life and valor amid all the vicissitudes of
almost three years of service, the task of preparing this record
is at once a sacred duty and an affectionate tribute to their
manly worth. He writes as an eye-witness, at the extreme
front, of their deeds in over twenty battles.
In accordance with the desire of survivors of the regiment,
its history will be set in a framework of general facts of the
war. Its place may thus be traced relatively to the entire
progress of the war.
Its history runs as a single thread in the fabric of the war;
but each separate thread was a vital part of the whole strug
gle, and had to do with presenting at the last to the world a
flag unrent in any fibre of its starry folds.
To write the history of a regiment or the biography of a
man, it is not needful, as their valor and sacrifice are recorded,
to exalt the subject by seeking to reflect upon other organi
zations or men. Brave men will be slowest to depreciate
others ; will be ready, rather, to speak of others, fighting in

VI PREFACE.
the same line of battle, the word of merited praise. The
writer gladly takes occasion to give honor to all to whom
honor is due.
The writer desires to express special thanks to the follow
ing named persons, for help rendered in various ways in pre
paring and publishing this history : To Mrs. Mary G. Wil
lard, Captain George E. Lemon, Captain E. A. Hartshorn,
Captain F. A. Morey, Colonel Levin Crandell, Colonel Ben
jamin R. Townsend, Surgeon William S. Cooper, Comrade
William Bolton, Brevet-Major Lee Churchill and Captain
William D. Taylor. The last two, in addition to other im
portant things, have been especially helpful in preparing a
faithful roster of the regiment.
E. D. Simons.

INTRODUCTION.

I cannot do better by way of introduction than to give an
account of the reunion of the regiment at Troy, N. Y., Au
gust 30th, 1887. All the papers in Troy made kind refer
ences to the event, but the fullest report appeared in The
Evening Standard oi August 31st. We present its account
in full, not withholding an address by the writer, because the
address furnishes a synopsis in advance of the entire regi
mental history :
AFTER TWENTY-FIVE YEARS.

THE SURVIVORS OF A GALLANT BAND MEET — THE STORY
OF A REGIMENT WHICH WENT OUT WITH 1,255 MEN ANI>
NOW HAS BUT 200 — RECALLING OLD WAR SCENES.
Among the many reunions which have been held in and
about Troy recently, not one was more successful than that
of the 125th Regiment, New York Volunteers, which took
place at Young's Grove yesterday afternoon. The day was a
delightful one and everything was in harmony with the happy
spirit of fraternity and old comradeship. The old command,
which on August 30, 1862, left Troy under the gallant Colonel
Willard, with 1,255 men, mustered 190 as they drew up in
front of the City Hall and took up the line of march previous
to mustering at Young's Grove. As they passed the house of
Mrs. Mary G. Willard, the band stopped playing and the mne
uncovered their heads out of respect to the widow of their
old commander. As the men reached the old Bulls' Head a
ringing cheer went up for "Old Camp Halleck," the first in

viii INTRODUCTION.
which the regiment was put, and the band played "Auld
Lang Syne." On the grove ground
THE OLD ORIGINAL ROLL
was called, but alas! out of 1,255 but little more than 20°
answered. Those present were :
Colonel Levin Crandell, New York.
Surgeon W. S. Cooper, Troy.
Surgeon Washington Akin, Troy.
Chaplain E. D. Simons, Bloomfield, N. J.
"A" COMPANY.
Captain, E. A. Hartshorn ; Calvin E. Agan, Ichabod Bump,
Jerome Brown, Charles A. Bates, J. Davis Ball, Joseph Coon,
William Galangher, John Snyder, Courtland Green, Peter H.
Jones, Danford P. Millias, Thomas V. McCumber, George
McDonald, John N. Niles, M. V. B. Mattison, John Rising,
Warren A. Shibley, Henry L. Snyder, Charles L. Wager,
William H. Reynolds, Ed. Louvelette, Charles Corbin.
"B" COMPANY.
Lieutenant, Henry M. Clum ; Henry Buttery, Charles
Boshen, Edwin B. Caswell, John A. Cole, William Fairbanks,
George B. Grant, Lester Grant, Horatio V. Green, Leonard
L. Lewis, John H. McFall, Abner Quitterfield, Eleazer Rey
nolds, William H. Rose, William H. Sterling, George L.
Wallace, James H. Cross. "C" COMPANY.
Lieutenant, William Blair; Frank Chamberlin, John At
kinson, William Bolton, Henry Glen, Charles Gillman, C. E.
Morris, David McNeely, William Todd.
"d" company.
Captain, T. F. Sheldon; Lieutenant, Stepnen Bates; Henry
Wheeler, Hamilton N. Hewett, H. J. Force, C. I. Wilkins,
Edmund Wilson, William Allen, Fred Ametrano, William
Bates, Mathew Cass, Eugene L. Demers, George W. Frith,
Josiah Green, Jr., Andrew Hilton, George W. Hazer, Michael

INTRODUCTION. IX
Larkins, E. B. Griswold, N. T. Perault, Charles Philo, Henry
Russell, James H. Rogers, N. Schermerhorn, James Thomp
son, William R. Trotman, David F. Smith, Hiram A. Ford.
"e" company.
Lieutenant, David Brainard ; Nelson P. Andrews, C. F.
Bradway, C. H. Bills, L. D. Bebee, S. H. Bailey, George W.
Bateman, H. D. Coleman, Theodore Cummings, B. F. Clark,
George Coutant, George Davis, B. L. Greenman, James E.
Hassan, John S. Harris, C. A. Haynes, John H. Kirby, John
McGill, Daniel Nye, H. C. Simmons, J. C. Saxby, George W.
Snow, H. J. Tooley, Perry Wolcott, Peter Witbeck, N. E.
Warden, A. G. Warren, E. O. Willie, William A. Osterhout.
"f'' company.
Captain, W. D. Taylor; Lee Churchill, John Brown, Henry
Bennett, Andrew Corbet, William Cropsey, R. M. Cook,
Henry L. Dempsey, Sylvester Defreest, Henry E. Herring,
A. J. Kirkpatrick, John McGill, William F. Mullin, Peleg H.
Mason, Josephus Perry, Cyrus M. Pinney, James Snyder,
Ezra Sipperly, Robert I. Winnie, George Wickes.
"g" COMPANY.
Lieutenant, B. G. Barto; G. A. Lord, J. P. Andres, J.
Hammond, B. H. Peckman, William Bicknell, Joseph H.
Barber, Martin Higbie, Augustus Houngstein, George W.
Northup, William Rock, W. S. Schermerhorn, George
Tobias, J. N. Van Buren, J. H. Russell.
"h" COMPANY.
Captain, G. W. Pettit; Lieutenant, David Hagadorn ;
Charles M. Austin, D. H. Bonesteel, George E. Bonesteel,
John Bryant, H. Cunningham, Daniel W. Defreest, Francis
Daniels, Philip A. File, Zebulon Gibbs, Willard D. Green,
James H. Hyde, R. Hurlburt, John E. Hoffman, Benjamin
F. Hayner, James L. Smith, Charles H. Dick.
"I" COMPANY.
Captain, Joseph Egolf ; Lieutenant, Charles Bates; Ser
geants, William Neilon, Charles Vanderpool, George W.

X INTRODUCTION.
Sweet, Giles Pease; corporal, Henry Pease; privates, Charles
Johnson, William Nible, Quincy Wood, Lorenzo Warren,
Ezra Stillman.
" k" company.
Lieutenant, W. P. Hagadorn; James H. Anthony, John
Bacon, William Doty, A. J. Doty, Warren Hoyt, W. H.
Holden, Michael McMurray, William McGowan, Thomas
Rain, Jason Robbins, Charles H. Wolf, Amos Ward, Wm.
Gallagher. AFTER THE ROLL-CALL,
Colonel Crandell welcomed the comrades as follows :
" It gives me great pleasure to meet so many of my old
comrades in the field. It is a wonder that so many of us
have been spared to answer to the roll-call on the 25th anni
versary of the day we left this camp to assist in putting
down the rebellion and preserving the Union. The regiment
was made up from some of the best and most patriotic
young men of this vicinity, and did excellent service in
the field. While we are so happy in seeing and greeting
each other here to-day, we feel sad and cannot help drop
ping a silent tear when we call to mind those who are
absent on this occasion. The remains of Colonel George L.
Willard, Lieut.-Colonel Myer, Captains Wood and Jones, and
many other officers, non-commissioned officers and privates
who fought valiantly, lie in your cemeteries here and in
this vicinity; others were buried on the battle-field and at
Andersonville. When the last trumpet shall sound and the
dead shall arise and we are all marshaled in heaven to meet
our reward, if in the crowns placed on the heads of our fallen
comrades there should be found one more gem than in ours,
I think we would all cry out with one accord, Amen ! Amen !
Glory be to God ! "
The Colonel was heartily greeted and was moved to tears
by the devotion of his men.
Then Rev. Ezra D. Simons, Chaplain of the regiment,
delivered the following address:

INTRODUCTION. xi
Comrades and Friends : It is with peculiar emotions of
gladness and gratitude that I greet you at this first reunion
of the regiment, which to us was noblest and best of all the
regiments that rendered service and sacrifice, in the time of
danger and trial, to fatherland.
What memories spring to the front to-day ! It seems to
us as if we were back amid the old scenes forever memorable
to us. The curtain is drawn aside, and the twenty-two years
since we parted — with all their experience — fade from sight,
and we are again, in thought, in the camp, on picket, on the
march, behind the earthworks, in the battle.
I regret that the time will not permit, to-day, that review
of our history which would be worthy of the occasion. But
it would scarcely do to keep you listening now, for upwards
of an hour, to the record you made in the war. Longer
time by far than that would be required to present in detail
the history of our regiment — a history extending through
almost three years of service.
I engaged to write the history, and have performed the
task. But it is deemed best, owing to its necessary length,
that it should not be read to-day. You will want to greet one
another personally on this occasion, to shake hands with
each other, and to talk together of the old times. And
would that I could be everywhere present to gather from
your lips the memories you shall this day voice forth. For
it is thought well that the history of the regiment should be
put in permanent form, provided it is your desire that it
should be done, and provided, moreover, it is your wish to
possess copies of the book. If this is done the circumstances
of the organization of the regiment will be given ; a com
plete list of the officers, with the name of every enlisted man
who served will be printed, with a note whether wounded
or killed ; and the campaigns will be traced, and the various
battles in which we fought described, and so far as possible a
sketch of our fallen heroes be made. Possibly also faces
of officers and enlisted men, maps and engravings of battles
will be added. The history would perpetuate among our

Xll INTRODUCTION.
children and children's children, the story of your service
and sacrifice. It would be a chapter written from personal
records of the war, and which I have kept all these years.
With its record, statements of where and when any were
wounded or killed, it would serve as a help for any just
claims upon the Government for honorable pension. As
time passes such a record becomes increasingly valuable, and
ought to be in the hands of every survivor of the regiment.
The service of preparing and publishing it would be freely
rendered as a tribute of sincere affection to my old comrades,
to whom I feel bound by a hundred precious and sacred
memories. The project of publishing such a history receives
to-day the promise of success. I have received the follow
ing dispatch, dated at Washington, D. C. :
" I have just returned from Montana. I regret much that it is im
possible for me to be with you. The cause is business engagements.
I think the scheme of a regimental history in book form is good. If the
reunion endorses it I will contribute $250 towards $1,000, probable
cost, provided the balance is raised at the reunion. I don't want the
scheme to drag. Please remember me to all, especially my old com
pany "G." George E. Lemon."
LOOKING BACK.
The quarter of a century that has nearly passed since
Charles Eddy, Aldermen Prentice and Smart came to us
from the Common Council, and on the Albany road greeted
us and escorted us to this city, where on Cannon Place square
John A. Griswold spoke the words of home-welcome — all
these years, forming more than half the lifetime of most, if
not all of the comrades here gathered, have doubtless been
filled with activities and earnest thoughts — of business and
home — but I question whether they and double the number
of those years have had, or could have, so much in them as
was crowded into the almost three years of our service at the
front, when an hour in the height of battle seemed as a day,
and days as years. Yes, those were stern days, and now we
glance only at the prominent names of battles and the fea-

INTRODUCTION. xiii
tures of chief interest of those years of danger and strife and
death. TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO TO-DAY,
as the guns of Second Bull Run were booming, and the
southern sky was dark with the thunder-clouds of disaster,
we were summoned to the scenes of strife. We are hurried,
via New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, to Martinsburg,
Va. We spend ten days here in the mingled experiences of
the first days of soldiering. Then our faces are turned towards
Harper's Ferry, where our feet are at once entangled in a
fatal net, for already, with Maryland Heights deserted by our
men, the end of dishonor is at hand.
WE ARE IN A TRAP,
and after three helpless days, in which our regiment is not
permitted to fire a shot, we are surrendered. Quickly paroled,
we make a rapid march of IOO miles to Annapolis. Then —
who of the old soldiers will forget it ? — came Chicago and
Camp Douglas. Not all pleasant was the life there. Rats and
"graybacks" and disease were all awaiting us. But, despite
all, in after experiences a comparison made Camp Douglas,
with its good barracks and abundant provisions, appear as a
soldier's paradise.
Two months later, and — sifted as a regiment and trained
as soldiers — we are again on the " sacred soil " of Virginia.
Union Mills, Wolf Run Shoals, Fairfax Court House, Wood-
yard Ford and Centreville become well-known places to us ;
especially the last, where we spend the best days of all our
soldiering, in the spring and early summer of '63. Then,
after Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, in which we take
no part, the Army of the Potomac marches by our camp, and
we soon hasten after it to join it as henceforth, to the close
of the war, a part of it. We are placed in the Second Corps.
THE MEMORIES OF GETTYSBURG.
Most vivid will be your memories to-day of Gettysburg —
of that fierce, dreadful, long struggle of two or three days
on the hills of Pennsylvania, where the tide of the war was

XIV INTRODUCTION.
turned ; where the " backbone " of the rebellion was broken ;
where the east joined with the west in the song of victory,
and Gettysburg and Vicksburg became the Nation's glory.
But in that fierce strife — down in the swale, and when Pick
ett's charge was turned back in disaster to the rebel arms, we
lost one-fourth of our regiment, in killed and wounded.
There fell THE GALLANT WILLARD,
still mourned and loved ; and there died the devoted Wood —
Captain E. Wood of " H" Company. There fell Corporal John
W. Defreest, and others ; and there some of you here to-day
¦ — Eugene Demers and Henry Wheeler — left blood and limbs
in sacrifice for country. In our published history detailed
descriptions of that great battle must have place. We hasten,
after the battle, in pursuit of the retreating enemy. Williams
port, Loudon Valley — with " Blackberry" and " Mutton"
camps— ^Cedar Mountain and Robertson River are succeeded
by that backward movement, which brought us to Auburn
Ford and Bristoe Station ; both worthy of a detailed account,
at the latter of which fell, among others, Comrade Cole and
Captain William H. Plumb. We cross Bull Run at Black
burn Ford, not far from the old camp-ground at Centreville ;
and soon we are again pressing after the rebels, falling, in
turn, back to their old positions.
November of '63 brings with it the Mine Run expedition,
where we gain naught, but leave on picket duty forty-one of
our noble men, most of whom came never to us again. Their
bones have crumbled with the many who died in rebel prisons.
The winter of '63—64. will exalt before some of us the rude
log chapel at Stevensburg, where many of our men entered
the service of the Captain of Salvation. It will bring to
some of you recollections of visits of home friends. It has
its remembrances of kindly tokens sent to our soldiers from
the people of Troy.
THE BRUSH AT MORTON'S FORD
will not be forgotten to-day. I have always accounted one

INTRODUCTION. XV
feature of it a happy one. The fording of the stream, up to
our armpits, and the cold, freezing rain of the day, with the
absence of fires, gave at least one person a good reason to
shiver without the suspicion of another kind of shaking in
the presence of the enemy.
And how, Comrades, shall I recount to-day in a brief word
that awful campaign of '64, when the " spell " of the Rap
idan was broken, and that river no longer seemed as a provi
dential line, tracing the limits of our forward movements ;
when we broke through the barrier of the Wilderness ; when
at Po river you fought — how nobly ! — when you were longest
at the front and did bravest service, as I was personally wit
ness then, and in a score of your battles. Then stood in
our way the " bloody angle " at Spottsylvania ; and you
smote it and crushed it, albeit
YOUR HANDS DRIPPED BLOOD
from the torn and mangled flesh. And again at the same
place on May 18th, '64, you dashed in victory against that
front line of the enemy's works. Yes ; I have read the self-
glorying words of rebels, written in recent days, proclaim
ing your failures, but as one who was an eye-witness, I know
their words to be false. Then the North Anna and Toto-
potomoy and Cold Harbor were inscribed upon your ban
ners. For sixty long days, with the sound of firing and of
fighting absent no day of the sixty, you pressed forward.
But ere the sixty were completed, you stood
IN FRONT OF PETERSBURG.
Stood there? No, no, there was no standing there. Again
and again you hurled yourselves against the enemy's works ;
you were the "hammer" that smote the anvil, but, alas, the
hammer had heart and life, and it was bruised in pain by
the heavy blows. And later they put you at the front, in
that death-trap, at Ream's Station ; in that fearful blunder
of ambitious men. But you fought and you merited well.
But after all this long, long campaign— connecting you
with all the places named and with still others — like Deep

xvi INTRODUCTION.
Bottom — where is Colonel A. B. Myer, and where Captain
Jones, and Lieutenant Charles Cleminshaw? Where is Ser
geant German, and Sergeant Perry, and Corporal Albert
Smith and Sergeant Jacob Houck? And where are Lieuten
ants Coleman and Bryan, and Color-bearer A. B. Green? And
where Lieutenant Hull, and Adjutant Merritt Miller? Let
the Wilderness, and Po River, and Spottsylvania, and Peters
burg and Ream's Station answer. And where are the scores
and hundreds who started with us from Stevensburg? Dead,
many of them; wounded, more of them — many score of
them. Some of them could come not again to us at the
front. They are here to-day, not a few of them, Colonel
Crandell and Colonel Egolf, and Captains Taylor and Chur
chill, and like Color-Sergeant Harrison Clark, Corporal James
Rogers and Sergeant Hoffman, with the marks of their hon
orable service upon them. Yes, I could call the roll of the
wounded in that dreadful march through the wilderness, and
and in those fierce assaults at Petersburg. You will remember
to-day Fort Steadman and
THOSE AUTUMN NIGHTS
when the air was made brilliant by the bombardments which
painted on the sky our victories under Sheridan in the Val
ley, and under Sherman at west and south.
Then came that short, jubilant campaign dating from
March 29th, ' 65, to April 9th. Yes, we pressed the enemy in
his rapid flight, day by day, at Sutherland Station, where we
left the gallant Quay in his hurriedly-made grave ; then, at
Sailor's Creek, Amelia Court House and at Farmville ; and
finally our voices joined in the glad shout of victory at
Appomattox Court House. And our faces turn with our
footsteps homeward. We take part in
THE GRAND REVIEW
at Washington and soon speed with glad hearts back to the
old familiar places. The three years of service made changes
among our officers. Of all the original officers of the regi
ment only three remained at the last with us — Colonel Joseph

INTRODUCTION. XVli
Hyde, Surgeons William S. Cooper and Washington Akin —
men meriting well of all our comrades. Sad havoc was
wrought in the original number of officers by the flame of
battle. Some were wounded again and again ere they relin
quished the service. All who were line officers in the regi
ment at the close of the war had risen from the ranks. It
were easy to recount to-day the coolness, skill and valor of
those who were in command of the regiment and served in
companies. But we must reserve the story of their heroism
to the printed record. And thus, in like manner, would I
need to speak of the enlisted men who carried the musket
and who did the hard work of the war.
THE DEATH RECORD.
While the facts were yet fresh in mind I made the follow
ing memoranda of the regiment, giving approximate figures :
Killed in battle 150
Died from disease 150
Died as prisoners 5°
Wounded, from . . 5°° to 6o°
Some were wounded more than once. We left Troy 25
years ago about 1,000 strong. We received by recruiting about
250. About 130 were in hospitals or on detached service at
the close of the war, and less than 200 of the 311 mustered
out at the last, marched through the. streets of Troy in June,
'65. We brought back to you two flags — one worn out in
the service and clinging with tattered folds to the staff, but
every thread a line of honor; and the other, carried in equal
honor, bears to-day upon it the names — whose honorable men
tion belongs to both — of
Harper's Ferry, Mine Run,
Gettysburg, Morton's Ford,
Auburn Ford, Wilderness,
Bristoe Station, Po River,
Robertson's Tavern, Spottsylvania, May 12,

XVI 11 INTRODUCTION.
Spottsylvania, May 18, Strawberry Plains,
North Anna, Ream's Station,
Totopotomoy, Petersburg,
Cold Harbor, Boydton Plank Road,
Front of Petersburg, Sutherland Station,
Jerusalem Plank Road, Farmville,
Deep Bottom, Appomattox.
Twenty-four engagements in all, besides skirmishes not
numbered. Did ever a regiment go forth from this city that
rendered greater or even equal service? Albeit we seek not
this day of reunion, public display, but rather meet to re
count among ourselves the scenes and experiences of other
days. Did we not lay down our portion of lives for our
country — 350 out of 1,000 who served at the front? — one-
third of the number, and but few escaping without wounds,
even the chaplain being struck, but declining to put it on
record. But the number of those sacrificed for our country
is not formed alone of those who died during the progress of
the war of wounds or disease. The list is swelling from those
who for years carried the seed of death
PLANTED IN THEIR BLOOD
by the exposure and hardships of the march and camp.
Be our hats uplifted, as with uncovered heads we bring them
to mind. And shall we forget at this hour our comrades
scattered over the land, who are unable to be here in person,
to-day, where their hearts mingle with ours in this reunion,
or the others whose whereabouts we know not of ? No !
they are one with us; we, with them. I speak no word of
disparagement of other regiments. I, with you, honor all
who rendered true and faithful service to the country in its
hour of need. But, with all confidence do I say that of our
number who fell were those who deserve to be placed side
by side with the past heroes of our land. They rank in
intellect and ability of character, in pure and lofty patriotism
and manly valor with the noblest of those whose life-blood
was shed on battle-field in the great war for the Union and

INTRODUCTION. xix
Liberty. Of all the many hundreds of regiments enlisted in
the country's service, none gave better blood or laid dearer
sacrifices on its altar than the One Hundred and Twenty-
fifth New York Volunteers. The regiment endured hard
ships and performed labors equal to those of any other regi
ment. It occupied its place at the van in the deadly fray as
often and as long as any ; and it is becoming that by such
means as this reunion and in all lawful ways its memory
should be cherished and its service for the Nation extolled.
And now, comrades, may the benediction of heaven, which
has kept you unto this hour, rest abidingly with you. May
the divine blessing attend you in all the future of life, and
bring us together in that reunion which awaits all true heroes
in the Paradise of God. Thus speaks one who asks no
higher earthly title than to be known as the " soldier's
friend." CAPTAIN HARTSHORN.
Following Rev. Mr. Simons came Captain E. A. Harts
horn, who said :
"At Harper's Ferry, Chaplain Simons, then commissary
sergeant of. the regiment, came to me in the thickest of the
rebel cannonading and requested me to show him how to load
and fire a rifle. It affords me great pleasure now as then to
aid the Chaplain loading and firing. This time it is his pen ;
he knows how to use it, and it is loaded to the muzzle. But
it will cost $1,000 to print the first 500 of the proposed his
tory of the regiment. One hundred and fifty have already
been subscribed for at $2.00. We must subscribe for 500 at
this price to insure the printing of the history. This is a free
will offering on the part of our Chaplain, who will not consent
to accept a penny's profit, or take anything for his labor.
" Let every comrade present write or speak to one absent
comrade, and get him to send his subscription to me at Troy,
N. Y., for one copy, and the success of the work is assured."
CLOSING THOUGHTS.
Colonel MacArthur, Rev. Mr. Langworthy of Stephen-

XX INTRODUCTION.
town and Captain W. D. Taylor made brief addresses, and
Captain Taylor exhibited a design for a monument to be
erected to the memory of Colonel Willard on the battle-field
of Gettysburg. The monument will stand near the famous
old stone wall, where Willard fell. It will be 1 1 feet high, 4
feet broad and 2 feet thick. The monument will be of pol
ished blue Scotch granite and on the base will be the regi
mental and corps badge, as well as the State coat of arns. A
bronze medallion of Colonel Willard will have under it the
lines:

COLONEL

GEORGE

L.

WILLARD.

ONE

HUNDRED

AND

TWENTY-

FIFTH NEW YORK VOLS.

KILLED JULY

2d

1863.

The cost will be $1,500. The model for the monument is
to be placed in Colonel Egolf's relic rooms. Before the
comrades parted it was voted to accept the design, and to
send greeting as a regiment to members scattered in distant
parts of the country. There are about 100 of them. Those
who contributed to the success of the reunion were given a
vote of thanks, and it was decided to keep up the regimental
association, which will meet the first and third Thursday of
each month in the Board of Health rooms in the City Hall.
HOOSICK FALLS.
Comrade Charles Bates of Hoosick Falls said he had been
instructed by the friends of old soldiers in Hoosick Falls to
invite the regiment to hold its next reunion there, and the
invitation was accepted. Letters of regret were received
from Colonel Joseph Hyde, Stockton, California; Captain
George E. Lemon, Washington, D. C. ; Captain Fred. Morey,
Fairbury, Nebraska ; Captain Edward C. Jackson, Blair,
Nebraska; Lieutenant L. H. Stevens, New York; W. C.
Lincoln, Fergus P'alls, Minnesota ; W. C. Hyde, Stockton,
California; Quartermaster George W. Jenkins, Rochester,

INTRODUCTION. XXI
New York; F. N. Clarkson, Peoria, Illinois; C. I. Wilkinson,
Avril, New York; and General S. C. Armstrong, Hampton,
Virginia. Before finally parting the comrades were photographed by
one of their number, and the glorious reunion closed with
cheers for Colonel Crandell, Surgeons Cooper and Akin,
Captain Taylor and others.

HISTORY

OF THE

One Hundred and Twenty-fifth
NEW YORK STATE VOLUNTEERS.

CHAPTER I.
THE PREPARATION.
' I ^HE men of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth New
-*- York Volunteers had not been disinterested observers
of the progress of the war up to the time of their enlistment,
but had been eagerly concerned in the success of the Union
arms, and evermore deplored any triumph on the part of the
Confederates. Many of the men had passed through an undesigned pro
cess of preparation for their own part in the struggle, by
their participation in the "Wide Awake" companies which
frequently paraded the streets of Troy, New York, as in
other places, during the exciting political canvass which
resulted in the election of Abraham Lincoln to the Presi
dency. Besides which, an event of little importance in itself,
yet at the time of considerable weight, had awakened mili
tary enthusiasm in many parts of the country. It was the
trip of Ellsworth's Chicago Zouaves. The visit of this com
pany to Troy, among other places, and its marvelous display
of military movements, created an interest which ripened in
the formation of a company of Zouaves, of which some were

2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. VOLS.
members who afterwards became connected with the One
Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment.
If a year of the war was allowed to pass ere the regiment
"was gathered, many of its number had kept thus long invol
untarily at the rear. Every call for men had been met, and
recruiting discontinued. Some of the men had been re
strained by various just reasons. One man — Henry Wheeler
— on the noon of the day on which he came of age, laid aside
his work in the office of the Troy Times, and marched
straight to a recruiting office and enrolled his name under
Captain S. C. Armstrong, in " D " Company.
All had caught the inspiration of service when the North
was electrified and united by the flare of the guns of Sumter,
on April 12th and 13th, 1861. The writer was in the crowd
gathered in Union Depot, where, among others, George W.
Demers spoke forceful words of patriotism. Then the stream
of life, headed by Honorable John A. Griswold, poured down
to First Street and the home of one in whom Troy had long
taken pride — General John E. Wool. Here Mr. Griswold
appealed to the General to buckle on his sword and lead his
countrymen to renewed victories, and that veteran gave
eager pledge of service.
Among the first to respond to the call of the Government
for troops were the men of Troy and Rensselaer County.
The Second Regiment, New York Volunteers, which failed
in securing the number " First " by a brief delay made neces
sary to correct a slight technical error in the preparation of
its papers, was a Troy regiment. Its colonel was likely to
have been the one who afterwards led forth the One Hun
dred and Twenty-fifth Regiment, but who, as a regular army
officer, was not at first permitted to enter the volunteer ser
vice, Major George Lamb Willard. The choice had then
fallen to one who by faithful service arose to the rank of
Major-General, Joseph B. Carr, subsequently honored by his
fellow citizens with high office in State.
Eagerly were the papers scanned that brought intelligence
from the "front," and the news of battles served as larger

THE PREPARATION. 3
incentives to enlistment when another call should come from
Washington. Thus had the word been read of not a few
battles, in a part of which Troy men had been engaged.
On April 19th, 1861, Massachusetts soldiers (the Sixth
Regiment) were mobbed on the streets of Baltimore. This
brought the reality of war nearer home than Sumter had
done. It meant struggle at the very doors of the North.

THE SIXTH MASSACHUSETTS MOBBED IN BALTIMORE.
Following this, on May 24th our troops crossed the Poto
mac to Arlington Heights, and farther down the river occu
pied Alexandria. Here the gallant Ellsworth, while bearing
in triumph the rebel flag torn from the staff on the top of
the Marshall House, was shot on the upper landing of the
stairs by the proprietor — one Jackson — who was quickly
punished for his dastardly act by a bullet from the hand of

4 ONE HUNDRED AND TWFNTY-FIFTH N. Y. VOLS.
a Troy boy, Francis E. Brownell, a schoolmate of the writer.
Brownell escorted the body of his dead Colonel to Troy,
and to its resting place at Mechanicsville, New York, and
was subsequently, by the efforts of Honorable Martin I.
Townsend, made a lieutenant for his gallantry.

SEEGEANT BBOWNELL.
Colonel Ellsworth's Regiment had been forwarded to
Washington by Major-General John E. Wool, who, at a
critical time, assumed charge of military affairs at New York,
and gave directions of great importance, that favored the
relief of Washington, sorely threatened by men in full rebel
lion against the Government. Later, he was placed in com
mand of the Department of Southeastern Virginia, with
headquarters at Fortress Monroe, and rendered good service
there, leading our troops in their entrance into Norfolk, Vir
ginia, when this city fell into our hands.
Baltimore — and with it, Maryland — was made secure to
the Union cause by the energetic action of General Benjamin
F. Butler, who, if not among the most successful generals of the
war, nevertheless at times displayed a practical sense and a
courage of action that solved pressing difficulties. By his
determined course in May, '61, a pathway was permanently
opened through Baltimore for the tens of thousands of troops
passing to Washington and the front.
In that same month of May, Troy troops, with others, took

THE PREPARATION. 5
possession of Newport News, Va., and on the 10th of June
the Second New York Volunteers was in the engagement at
Big Bethel, Va., which at the time awakened no little excite
ment in Troy, and whose details were eagerly listened to by
the people ; but which, beside subsequent service on the part
of that same regiment, was a very little Bethel.
The months of June and July were for the most part
marked by skirmishes in Maryland and Virginia, and in Mis
souri. But little account is made in general history of these
smaller actions, to be numbered in the progress of the war
by hundreds ; yet many of them, counting but a few killed
and wounded, made their impress of sorrow in homes North
and South with which the names of places, standing for no
great battles, became forever associated, because of the death
of loved ones. Thus, in June, there were shirmishes at Fair
fax Court House, Patterson's Creek and Frankfort, Va., and
at Seneca Mills, Conrad's Ferry and Edward's Ferry, Md. ;
and, in addition to Big Bethel, actions at Philippi and Rom-
ney, Va. (afterwards West Virginia), and near Booneville, Mo.
The results were victories to the Union arms, and the exalta
tion of the names of General George B. McClellan and Gen
eral Nathaniel Lyon, the former of whom, a month later, won
the battles of Rich Mountain and Carrick's Ford, which
opened the way for his promotion to the high command he
subsequently filled, never afterwards, however, showing the
celerity of movement that marked his career when in com
mand of 20,000 men in Western Virginia. General Lyon
was, soon after the Booneville action, killed in the battle at
Wilson's Creek, Mo. The first triumphs of the war were on
the side of the Union.
July brought with it more numerous skirmishes and en
gagements — some larger, some smaller — in Virginia and Mis
souri, and marks on its calendar the most considerable battle
thus far in the war. It was fought on Sunday, July 21st.
That the army was moving on that day was known among
those who afterwards formed the One Hundred and Twenty-
fifth Regiment, some of whom will remember that in the

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

places of worship on that Sunday prayer was offered for the
guidance of the God of battles, a form of supplication that
became familiar as the months of strife swelled into years of
war. The place of the battle secured even a more bloody
prominence a year later. The battle itself — of Bull Run —
has been carefully narrated in general histories of the war,
and described by the pens of individual actors in the scene.

BULL EUN BATTLE-FIELD.

The above picture represents the field as the writer passed
over it some months after the first battle of Bull Run. The
Commander of the Union forces was known as a Troy man,
General Irvin McDowell. Beyond a doubt his plan of battle
was most admirable. Purposing at first to turn the enemy's
right at Blackburn's Ford ; and, thwarted in this through the
betrayal of his plan, he quickly formed another to assail the
enemy on the left and rear of their position by way of Sudley
Church, and despite the delay which precluded a surprise., the
Union troops were for the most part successful up to 3
o'clock, P. M., when the additional reinforcements under
General E. Kirby Smith, from the Shenandoah, gave the
Confederates the advantage, and, our right and rear assailed,
the Union forces were completely disorganized and crowded
in disorder to the rear. Considering the untrained con-

THE PREPARATION. J
dition of the men who fought at Bull Run, many of them
being three months volunteers, their gallant conduct, until
flanked and assailed in rear, revealed the good material of
our army.
Real fighting had now been entered upon, as was plainly
seen when the number of killed on the Union side was 481 ;
of wounded, 1,011 ; and of missing 1,460: while on the other
side the killed amounted to 269; the wounded to 1,483 ; and
at least 900 were taken as prisoners to Washington. In the
battle was the Second Maine, Second New Hampshire, Sec
ond Vermont; First, Fourth and Fifth Massachusetts; First
and Second Rhode Island ; First, Second and Third Connec
ticut ; Eighth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Sixteenth,
Eighteenth, Twenty -seventh, Twenty-ninth, Thirty-first,
Thirty-second, Thirty-fifth, Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth
New York Volunteers; Second, Eighth, Fourteenth, Sixty-
ninth, Seventy-first and Seventy-ninth New York Militia;
Twenty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers ; First, Second and
Third Michigan ; First Minnesota; First and Second Ohio;
detachments of the Second, Third and Eighth United States
Infantry, and a battalion of marines; of artillery — batteries
D, E, G and M, Second Artillery; E, Third Artillery ; D, Fifth
Artillery, and the Second Rhode Island battery ; of cavalry —
detachments from the First and Second Dragoons. Among
the killed were Brigadier-Generals B. E. Bee and Barton,
C. S. A. Though a sore defeat, it was a needful lesson ; and, if
the South was elated to press forward the conflict, the slower
kindling North came to burn with a deeper determination to
battle for the Union. It was the anthracite against the bitu
minous ; as one of our poets expressed, the "pine" against
the "palm."
In an article on Bull Run by General Beauregard, with the
usual characteristic of Southern generals to magnify Confed
erate victories by depreciating their own resources and mul
tiplying Federal forces, he represents the rebel army as
fighting against an overwhelming force ; whereas, according
to his own figures he had 21,923 infantry, cavalry and artil-

8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
lery, and 29 guns ; while a fully authenticated statement
shows that General McDowell crossed Bull Run with 896
officers, 17,676 rank and file, and 24 pieces of artillery. Had
not reinforcements come to Beauregard at a critical time,
or had McDowell received reinforcements from the Shen
andoah Valley, the first battle of Bull Run would have been
numbered on the list of Union victories. As it was, the
rebel army was in no condition to follow up its triumph.
Following this battle began the days of the " Little Napo
leon " in connection with the Army of the Potomac. He who
would depreciate General McClellan's service in the war
must overlook his inestimable achievement of organizing one
of the greatest and best armies that ever confronted foe on
difficult fields. If it be said that he took too much time to
"organize victory"; that nearly a year passed ere he was
ready to advance, and that then his chief and reiterated call
was for reinforcements ; if it be said that the brilliant officer
who shot up into prominence in Western Virginia became
conservative to an extent that cast suspicion upon his ability
as an army commander, upon his moral courage to fight his
men, and even upon his loyalty, what he did for the country
in perfecting the discipline of one of the chief armies of the
Republic should not be forgotten. His ringing "orders"
captivated the Government, thrilled the country, and inspired
confidence in his men who sincerely loved " Little Mac."
And greatly would we be rejoiced if his words that flashed
"all around the sky" had actualized in lightning which more
than once might have smitten prostrate the centre of the
rebellion, Richmond.
Amid a multitude of skirmishes, "actions," " engagements,"
and expeditions that crowded the time in ever increasing
number, and widened the area of the operations of the con
tending forces, at the West and East, and along the sea-
coast — all of which had brief notice, from time to time, in
the daily press, which served so large a purpose in the war —
were some battles of startling magnitude. The accounts of
these were more eagerly scanned, for it came to pass that

THE PREPARATION. 9
people thirsted for news of large engagements whose cas
ualties ran into hundreds and thousands. From Missouri
the conflict spread into Kentucky, and the name of General
John C. Fremont, whose candidacy for the office of President
had been among the elements preparing the North for the
impending struggle, came anew into prominence. And
another name appeared above the horizon, destined steadily
to grow brighter and to abide and be revered by his country
men in all after time — the name of General Ulysses S. Grant.
The inactivity for the most part of the Army of the Poto
mac, now grown to a strength of 200,000 men, during the
Autumn and early Winter of 1861 — still remembered as a
season unusually favorable for military operations in Vir
ginia — created not a little dissatisfaction, which was shared
by the people of Troy, New York. The feeling was increas
ing, that failure was to be the outcome of the Nation's
struggle, when the triumphs of General Grant at the West
revived and intensified hope throughout the country. The
news of the capture of Fort Donelson worked as a tonic.
"Unconditional Surrender" Grant became a watchword.
Thirteen thousand five hundred men were captured; and
three thousand horses, forty-eight field pieces, seventeen
heavy guns, twenty thousand muskets, and a large quantity
of military stores formed the spoils. The losses in actual
battle were larger on the Union than on the Confederate
side ; numbering four hundred and forty-six killed, one thou
sand seven hundred and forty-five wounded, and one hundred
and fifty prisoners ; while the estimated loss of the Confeder
ates was two hundred and thirty-seven killed, and one thou
sand and seven wounded.
The capture of Island Number Ten was another inspiriting
element during the early part of 1862. The battle of Pea
Ridge in March was followed by that fierce strife at Shiloh
in April. The fighting on the 6th of April, the first day of
the battle, was against the Union forces ; but the temporary
disaster was anything but a rout, as must appear when the
point mentioned by General Grant is remembered, viz. : that

IO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
from early morning until the darkness of the night, the
Union army was forced back only the short distance of a
mile ; while on the 7th of April, Grant, with unwavering pur
pose and hope undaunted, pressed forward his lines to a
complete victory. It is the end of a battle that marks vic
tory or defeat for one side or the other, and the end of Shi
loh was defeat to the rebels, with the loss of one of their
ablest Generals, A. S. Johnston — by many at the South as
well as at the North deemed their very ablest officer. This
was the largest battle of the war up to the Spring of 1862.
On the Union side fell 1,735 killed and 7,882 wounded, with
3,956 missing. On the rebel side were killed 1,728, wounded,
8,012, and missing, 959: the number of killed and wounded
on either side being surprisingly near. The Union troops
engaged were the 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, 5th and 6th Divisions,
Army of the District of West Tennessee; 2d, 4th and 5th
Divisions, and 21st Brigade of the 6th Division, Army of the
Ohio ; and gunboats Tyler and Lexington. In addition to
Major-General Albert Sidney Johnston, the Commander-
in-Chief of the Confederate forces, Brigadier-General A. H.
Gladden of their army was killed ; and Major-General W. S.
Cheatham, and Brigadier-Generals C. Clark, B. R. Johnson,
and J. S. Bowen were wounded. On the Union side no
general officers were killed, but Generals W. T. Sherman and
W. H. L. Wallace were wounded, and General B. M. Prentiss
was captured.
It is not needful for the purposes of this work to follow
minutely all the incidents of the war. But in tracing the
steps of preparation for the call of 300,000 men, of which
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment New York
Volunteers formed a part, we are brought more immedi
ately to events in Virginia that created the demand for more
men, a demand which was responded to by many who had
been watching the progress of affairs and waiting the time
when duty should point to army life. It may appear in the
aggregate a small matter that a particular regiment came
into service, but to its members it was event of chief im-

THE PREPARATION. 1 1
portance, for it brought the war closest home and involved
nothing less than imperilled life to themselves.
The writer attended the funeral services of General George
B. McClellan in New York, where over closed coffin was re
peated simplest form of burial service, and at this late date,
we may well close the lid over much of failure on the part of
one who had the most magnificent opportunity of the war,
but who — as event proved — was not large-handed enough to
wield in serious campaign a large army. His long-continued
inactivity and a growing sense of p'ersonal authority at last
provoked decisive measures on the part of the patient Lin
coln; and towards the last of March, 1862, the Army of the
Potomac began its real career of service. With a grand
army, full one hundred thousand strong, McClellan made his
way to the Peninsula, with starting point at Fortress
Monroe. Before this, on Sunday, March 9th, occurred the famous
battle, off Newport News, between the Merrimack and the
little Monitor. The victory of the latter craft, whose ex
ploit dated a revolution in naval appliances, removed serious
danger by water from McClellan's movement.
On May ioth, 1862, General John E. Wool captured Nor
folk, Va. He — a hero of two wars (of 18 12, and the war with
Mexico) — made good his word given to his fellow citizens
on the evening of April 13th. To the best of his opportu
nity he crowned with success a service which had reached to
his advanced age of seventy-two, and he well merited the full
rank of Major-General in the United States Regular Army,
conferred upon him May 16th, 1862.
We cannot close this chapter without giving full account of
that meeting in Troy, N. Y., that called to the front one of
the most eminent soldiers of that city; and at which, with
others named, appeared prominently one who, before the war
and during its continuance, and since its close, gave and has
devoted an eminent ability of mind and eloquence of tongue
and nobility of character, to the service of his country and of
his fellow men — the Honorable Martin I. Townsend, who-

12 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. VOLS.
still with abiding vigor is ready to plead for all that is good
in patriotism, in society and in religion.
The account of the meeting mentioned is taken from the
Troy Times of April 15th, 1861. It is a link in the chain of
this history. It reads : Monday, April 15.
The call for a meeting of citizens to be held at Harmony Hall to con
sider the present crisis in public affairs. The Hall at half-past seven
o'clock was filled to its utmost capacity, and a spirit of enthusiasm from
the beginning was manifested. The stars and stripes were raised over
the platform and every allusion to them by the speakers drew forth thun
ders of applause.
At 8.30 Hon. Isaac McConihe called the meeting to-order and George
"W. Demers moved the following list of gentlemen as the officers of the
meeting :
President : Hon. John A. Griswold.
Vice-Presidents : Hon. Isaac McConihe, Hon. G. Robertson, Jr.,
Hon. Jonas C. Heartt, N. B. Starbuck, Henry Ingram, Hon. George
Gould. Secretaries : W. E. Kisselburgh, Jas. S. Thorn, W. H. Merriam, A.G.
Johnson. The motion was adopted unanimously. The president upon taking
his seat addressed the meeting. A committee, consisting of Messrs,
Kisselburgh, McConihe and Lottridge, were appointed to draft resolu
tions expressive of the sense of the meeting in relation to the great ques
tion of the hour. A call being made for Isaac McConihe he addressed
the meeting. He made an excellent and patriotic speech.
Mr. Starbuck was next called upon, but excused himself from speaking,
choosing to adopt the sentiments and expressions of the previous speak
ers. Martin I. Townsend was next called upon, and while speaking was
interrupted by Mr. Wm. Barton, who stated there were thousands out
side the building unable to get in, and requesting to adjourn to the Union
Depot, The crowd at once seconded the motion and adjourned to the
depot, where at least 5,000 people assembled. Mr. Townsend then re
sumed his address. The Troy Glee Club then rendered " Vive l'Amer-
ica" in a very effective manner. G. W. Demers was then called out and
spoke about 15 minutes. Mr. Clarence Buell then appeared in response
to numerous calls.
Upon the conclusion of Mr. Buell's remarks, Mr. Townsend moved
an adjournment to the residence of General Wool, so that the immense
assemblage might pay their respects to the veteran, who, being sick, was
unable to attend the demonstration. The vast concourse of people, with

THE PREPARATION.

'3

the stars and stripes at their head, moved to the residence of the general,
where a scene of wild enthusiasm took place. Mr. Townsend addressed
him in complimentary terms, to which the gallant old hero made a loyal
reply. President Griswold then addressed a few parting words to the
multitude. The meeting then adjourned amidst loud cheering for the
Union. The meeting was one of the most successful and spirited demonstra
tions ever witnessed in this city. It fully established the loyalty and
patriotism of our citizens, and if there were any who before sympathized
with the traitors, they must hide their heads in shame at the impotent
party spirit which can render them so base as to hold country secondary
to political associations.

FOBT SUMTEE.

CHAPTER II.
ORGANIZATION — TROY — LEAVING HOME.
*" I "'HE call for troops which summoned the One Hundred
-*- and Twenty-fifth Regiment, with tens of thousands of
other troops, was immediately preceded by one of the most
trying times of the war ; and, while the regiment was assem
bling, the threatening clouds were growing denser, and did
burst in a flood of disaster the very day the regiment was
summoned to the front.
The time demanded enlarged effort on the part of the
Government. Useless was it to allow regrets over disap
pointed hopes to lower the flag of the Union.
On the Peninsula the advance of the Army of the Poto
mac had been discouragingly slow. After a check of a
month by a feebly supported line at Yorktown, which yielded
at the first serious move of our forces ; and, after Williams
burg had with one day's dash been swept aside, nearly two
months pass in " organizing victory." Day followed day of
unexecuted purposes repeatedly declared, and the Chicka
hominy, with its fever-breath, served as a potent ally of the
Confederates. When action began the activity was on the
other side. On the 31st of May the left of the Union army,
divided from the right by the Chickahominy, was assailed at
Seven Pines and Fair Oaks. The battle was named Seven
Pines by the rebels, and Fair Oaks by our side. The blow
fell suddenly and was well-nigh fatal. But the day was
retrieved by the Second Corps, under the intrepid Sumner.
If Seven Pines was won by the Confederates, Fair Oaks was
won by the Union troops; and the battle closing June ist,
terminated as a whole in our favor. Then might Richmond
have been taken. Hooker pushed unopposed after the re
treating foe within four miles of that city, only to be sharply

PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN. 1 5
recalled. After the surrender of Richmond in 1865, the
writer was told by a citizen of that city that the expectation
was general after Fair Oaks that our army would march into
the city. Preparations were made to fire the place in the
event of capture, a step which was taken when the city was
captured in '65. Seven Pines and Fair Oaks cost the Union
forces 890 killed, 3,627 wounded, and 1,222 missing; while
the Confederates lost in killed 2,800, wounded 3,897, and
missing 1,300. Besides which, the Commander-in-Chief of
the rebel army, General Joseph E. Johnston — who divides
with Albert Sidney Johnston the honor of being the fore
most general of the South — was severely wounded ; and
others of their general officers were killed or wounded. At
Fair Oaks our General O. O. Howard lost his right arm.
Needless is it to detail in a regimental history the record
•of the Peninsular Campaign. But Troy men were there ;
General Joseph B. Carr, with his Second New York Regi
ment was there ; and the echo of the guns which for seven
days blazed lightning in front of Richmond reached the men
whose history these pages trace, and to the loud call they
responded, " Present."
What better fighting could be demanded than that of the
Union troops at Beaver Dam Creek, where the rebels were
repulsed with fearful slaughter to their men? Or, even at
Gaines' Mill, where one to two our men fought the rebels —
27,000 men (50 regiments and 20 batteries, some of which
were not engaged), against 129 regiments and 19 batteries,
amounting to 65,000 men; among these the 35,000 men of
"Stonewall" Jackson, just returned by forced marches from
his brilliant campaign in the Shenandoah. Here, against
overwhelming numbers our forces hurled back repeated
charges, and were victorious until after sunset ; and then the
line gave way through misconduct of some of our cavalry on
the left.
How could men do better than did the Union forces at
Allen's Farm and Savage Station, on the 29th of June, or in
that fierce strife on the 30th, at White Oak Swamp and Glen-

l6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWFNTY-FIFTH N. Y. VOLS.
dale, in each of which dire encounters our forces were victor
ious! What triumph more decided than that at Malvern
Hill! In every engagement but one our army was victor
ious ; yet the morale of the campaign was against us : for even
after Malvern Hill the word was "yet backward" — to our
"supplies." Is it true that the brave Hancock broke his
sword at Malvern Hill and cried "Treason?" We could
almost credit such report heard afterwards in the army. An
enthusiastic soldier of McClellan's army exclaimed in the
hearing of the writer: "McClellan made the greatest retreat
in history!" But, it was a retreat. The new "base" brought
the Army of the Potomac no nearer Richmond. The move
was bravely made, it was bravely fought ; and the enemy was
sorely punished, losing 2,820 killed, 14,01 1 wounded and 752
missing; to our 1,582 killed, 7,709 wounded and 5,958 miss
ing. I give the figures contained in the official records of
the Adjutant-General and Surgeon-General of the United
States. General Walker in his history of the Second Army
Corps makes our losses 1,734 killed, 8,062 wounded, 6,053
missing; in all 15,849.
Altogether, the campaign meant — the end farther off ; it
meant more men for suffering and sacrifice, ere the war should
close and the Union prevail. Malvern Hill was fought July
ist. The next day sounded forth the call for 300,000 more
troops. It was the fifth of the fifteen calls issued for men.
The citizens of Troy, N. Y., were alive to the need. Hon.
John A. Griswold obtained authority to recruit a regiment,
and entered with zeal upon the task. A camp was estab
lished on the Lansingburgh road, but within the limits of the
city, at the extreme northern boundary of Troy. It was
located near the Hudson River, and was termed "Camp Hal
leck." Barracks and " mess" room were erected, and enlist
ment under various officers and under general charge of a
War Committee, began. The first man to give his name was
Charles H. Main, who enlisted July 12th, 1862, and proved
to be, unto the end, a faithful soldier. The writer com
mended him to General Seth Williams on the 8th of April,

ORGANIZATION — MUSTERED IN. 17
'65, as a suitable person, because of his bravery, to carry a
flag of truce beyond the lines. General Williams had
brought to the skirmish line the letters of General Grant to
General Lee concerning the surrender of Lee's army. On
August 27th a full complement of officers and the maximum
number of enlisted men (about 1,000) were mustered into the
United States service to serve for a period of three years
unless sooner discharged. In the days of its assembling the
regiment was under immediate charge of Levin Crandell,
colonel of the Twenty-fourth New York State Militia. The
men, as fast as they reached camp, were placed at once under
military discipline. At sunrise the roll of each company was
called; at eight o'clock guard was detailed, and at nine
came "squad" drill. From 5 to 6, P. M., occurred company
drill, followed at 6 by dress parade. Evening roll-call took
place at 9.30 and at 10 o'clock taps sounded and lights were
put out. The early camp life was by no means an easy one.
Meanwhile, the necessity of service was intensifying. By
the first of August the rebel army began its aggressive north
ward movement. On the third of August was ordered the
removal of the Army of the Potomac from Harrison's Land
ing to Acquia Creek, Va., which removal began on the sev
enth of that month. Events were ripening for another and
more dreadful harvest of death at Bull Run. Crimination
and re-crimination among Union officers; the dishonorable
discharge of one prominent officer who had fought full well
at Gaines' Mill, and who recently has been exonerated of
blame by Congress for his conduct at Bull Run: all that may
be said in excuse does not do away with the fact that our
forces under General Pope suffered at Manassas a serious de
feat, losing in killed 800, wounded 4,000, missing 3,000; while
the rebels lost in killed 700, wounded 3,000 and number of
missing unknown. Only a part of our available forces were
used, and herein was the fatal mistake.
Honorable John A. Griswold was prevented from muster
ing as colonel of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regi
ment. It was now found that Major George Lamb Willard,

1 8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
who had been at the front in the Peninsular Campaign, and
part of the time in command of his regiment, could be trans
ferred from the regular to the volunteer service. His ser
vices were gladly secured. His social relations made him a
Trojan, and his military career had awakened a just pride in
him as a man and a soldier. He arrived in camp August 22d,
impressing the men at once as a strict disciplinarian and a
thorough soldier.
Levin Crandell, who had been in charge of the regiment in
its formation, by request of the War Committee was ap
proached on its behalf by Mr. Charles Eddy, who offered to
him the commission of lieutenant-colonel. Although having
no definite plan of going to the field, yet deeply interested in
the cause of the Union, Mr. Crandell — for years a personal
and respected friend of the writer — saw in the proffer a call
to service, and accepted the commission.
As fully organized the regiment comprised the following
officers: Colonel, George L. Willard ; lieutenant colonel, Levin Cran
dell; major, James C. Bush; adjutant, Elias P. Sheldon; quar
termaster, L. Chandler Ball ; chaplain, Joseph L. Barlow ; sur
geon, W. S. Cooper; assistant surgeons, H. E. Benedict,
Washington Akin.
Company A — Captain, D. E. Cornell ; first lieutenant, E.
A. Hartshorn; second lieutenant, W. H. Hakes.
Company B — Captain, A. B. Myer; first lieutenant, Charles
H. Taylor; second lieutenant, John Quay.
Company C— Captain, F. S. Esmond ; first lieutenant, W.
H. Plumb, jr. ; second lieutenant, David Comeskey.
Company D — Captain, S. C. Armstrong; first lieutenant,
T. F. Sheldon ; second lieutenant, P. Carden.
Company E — Captain, William Dimond; first lieutenant,
Calvin Bush; second lieutenant, Egbert Jolls.
Company F — Captain, Nelson Penfield; first lieutenant,
Frank Chamberlain ; second lieutenant, W. D. Taylor.
Company G — Captain, George E. Lemon ; first lieutenant,
W. K. Newcomb; second lieutenant, L. H. Stevens.

TO THE FRONT. 1 9
Company H — Captain, Ephraim Wood ; first lieutenant,
Joseph Hyde ; second lieutenant, D. Hagadorn.
Company I — Captain, E. P. Jones; first lieutenant, A.
Buchanan, jr. ; second lieutenant, E. Fink.
Company K — Captain, J. V. W. Vandenburgh; first lieu
tenant, Charles A. Pickett ; second lieutenant, McG. Steele.
As the organization was completed the eagerness of the
men to leave for the seat of war increased almost to impa
tience. The desire was soon granted. Marching orders
came on the morning of August 30th. The day was exceed
ingly fair. Friends and kindred flocked to the camp-ground
for leave-taking. The bustle of preparation was mingled
with the good-bye of loved ones. As the evening came on
the men formed in line with songs of joyfulness, full of patri
otic zeal. Parade through the city was dispensed with, and
the regiment was marched to the nearest convenient point,
not many rods distant, where twenty-eight cars with two
locomotives were in readiness to convey us to New York.
We boarded the train about eight o'clock in the evening.
Colonel Willard now formally assumed command of the reg
iment. As we passed through Union Depot in Troy, we saw an
immense crowd there gathered, formed in part of a war pro
cession, which amid the blaze of Roman candles and the
shoutings of good-cheer greeted us. The cars were stopped
about an hour just below Adams Street, where a few men
stepped off the train and forgot to step on again.
The regiment arrived in New York at an early hour Sun
day morning, August 31st. We were marched at once to
the Park Barracks, where we remained until three o'clock in
the afternoon. We then took the steamboat John Potter
for South Amboy, N. J. As we sailed down the bay, from
the shores, on either side, the regiment was hailed with
cheer after cheer. At every little hamlet the windows and
housetops were brilliant with the " stars and stripes " waved
by many a fair hand.
Although it was midnight when we reached Philadelphia,
the hospitable and patriotic people of that city were ready

20 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
to welcome us with a substantial meal — a kind of welcome
repeatedly extended to us in that same " City of Brotherly
Love. "
After a short rest we took cars for Baltimore, which city
we did not reach until September ist. A part of the men
were here armed with Enfield rifles. Dinner was served ;
and, after a delay of hours — during which we were driven
under shelter of the depot by a rain-storm — we were placed,
about midnight, on cars destined for Virginia. We had
expected to be sent to Washington, but we now learned that
we were to proceed to Martinsburg, Va. Regrets were ex
pressed at this change of destination. But other new regi
ments which at that time passed through Baltimore to Wash
ington soon found themselves in the Army of the Potomac
and plunged in the bloody baptism of Antietam.

CHAPTER III.
MARTINSBURG  HARPER'S FERRY.
* I ""HE necessities of the service forbade taking into ac-
-1- count the total ignorance and inexperience of men in
military affairs. A man might never have loaded or fired a
rifle ; he might never have gone through company or regimen
tal evolutions ; yet as needs were, if he had put on the uni
form of a soldier, a gun was placed in his hands and he was
told to fight. And, for the most part, men so summoned did
fight and fought well ; and they learned in brief while in the
school of experience what no amount of camp instruction
could teach. The recruits under Grant at Fort Donelson
and at Shiloh knew more of the art of war after the days
passed at those places under fire than many in the Army of
the Potomac learned in months of skilled training out of dan
ger. If not so much could be expected of newly enlisted
men as of old soldiers, yet on many a hard fought field was it
proved that the heart of valor speedily taught the hand to do
valiant service for the country.
We have therefore no apologies to make for the early days
of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth New York Volun
teers. No apologies are needed for any want of courage on
their part in danger.
At midnight of September ist the men, sleeping on the
floor in the depot at Baltimore, were aroused for their depar
ture to the immediate seat of operations. They knew what
their new destination meant to them. Armies were moving,
battles were fighting and more were impending; and the men
nerved themselves for a speedy contact with the foe.
We reached Martinsburg, Virginia, on the 2d of Septem
ber and were marched to the hills to the east of the village.
The first night we passed here gave us a taste of things to

22 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
which we had been unaccustomed. The regiment was with
out shelter ; and the night brought with it dew as heavy as
rain and as chill as frost.
On Wednesday, September 3d, tents were pitched and the
camp was placed in order. Never was the camp of the regi
ment in anything but good order when it was located for any
considerable length of time in a place. The time passed at
Martinsburg was devoted to the usual duties of a soldier's life.
The men were "drilled" daily ; guard and picket duty was per
formed. Our first Sunday was spent in building earthworks.
Frequent "scares" were the order of the day. Some cavalry
stationed with us enlivened our interest and gratified our
curiosity by bringing into camp, from an expedition towards
Winchester, a few veritable, live "graybacks." They were
shabbily dressed, but to some of us they were clothed with
the interest of veterans.
Chaplain Barlow sought to do his duty by gathering the
men on the company streets and at his tent for religious ser
vices. Those early days of military life dated the enlistment
of some of the men under the white banner of the Cross.
By the nth of the month the rumors thickened of the ap
proach of "Stonewall" Jackson with an overwhelming force.
The rumors were true. The rebel army was on the move in
the first great invasion of northern soil. We are able to
write of Maryland as northern soil. Jackson was making one
of his bold strokes — akin to that at Manassas a short time be
fore, and like his daring exploit afterwards at Chancellorsville.
His plan was nothing less than to detach himself from the
main army and by a quick move to capture our forces in the
Shenandoah and at Harper's Ferry. Ordinarily success in
such a movement must depend upon its concealment from
the commander of the main army opposing ; and especially
if the latter is within striking distance. If that commander
was known to be slow of movement somewhat might be
jeopardized on this fact. But if the plan is disclosed then
surely slowest-footed general will quicken his pace to meet
the threatened danger.

HARPER'S FERRY. 23
And here comes in one of the strangest records of the war.
By what would be deemed event most fortunate into Gen
eral McClellan's hand came the order of General Lee that
pointed out the purpose to capture our forces at Martins
burg and at Harper's Ferry, and the entire plans of the rebels
were uncovered. At Frederick, Maryland, on the 12th of
September, General Lee's order was secured. It was dated
on the 9th. It reads : [Confidential.]

Head-Quarters, Army of Northern Virginia, ',
September <$th, 1862, \

Special Order, 1

No. 191.

III. The army will resume its march to-morrow, taking the Hagerstown road.
General Jackson's command will form the advance; and after passing Middleton
with such portion as he may select, take the route toward Sharpsburg, cross the
Potomac at the most convenient point, and by Friday morning take possession of
the Baltimore and Ohio railroad; capture such of the enemy as may be at Mar
tinsburg and intercept such as may attempt to escape from Harper's Ferry.
IV. General Longstreet's command will pursue the main road as far as Boons
boro', where it will halt with reserve, supply and baggage trains of the army.
V. General McLaws with his own division and that of General R. H. Ander
son, will follow General Longstreet ; on reaching Middleton will take the route
to Harper's Ferry, and by Friday morning possess himself of the Maryland
Heights, and endeavor to capture the enemy at Harper's Ferry and vicinity.
VI. General Walker, with his division, after accomplishing the object in which
he is now engaged, will cross the Potomac at Check's Ford, ascend its right bank
to Lovettsville, take possession of Loudon Heights if practicable, by Friday morn
ing, keep the ford on his left, and the road between the end of the mountain and
the Potomac on his right. He will, as far as practicable, co-operate with General
McLaws and General Jackson in intercepting the retreat of the enemy.
VII. General D. PI. Hill's division will form the rear guard of the army, pur
suing the road taken by the main body. The reserve artillery, ordnance and sup
ply trains, will precede General Hill.
VIII. General Stuart will detach a squadron of cavalry to accompany the com
mands of Generals Longstreet, Jackson and McLaws, and with the main body of
the cavalry, will cover the route of the army and bring up all stragglers that may
have been left behind.
IX. The commands of Generals Jackson, McLaws and Walker, after accom
plishing the objects for which they have been detached, will join the main body
of the army at Boonsboro' or Hagerstown.

24 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
X. Each regiment on the march will habitually carry its axes in its regimental
ordnance wagons, for use of the men at their encampments, to procure wood, &c.
By command of General R. E. LEE.
R. H. Chilton, A. A. General.
For Major-General D. H. Hill, commanding division.
The route of General Jackson was well defined. The fol
lowing map will place it before the eye :

SCALE OF MILES.
0 5 10
I I I I I I I I I Cfa

EEBEL MOVEMENTS ON HARPER'S FERRY AND ANTIETAM.
A A Jackson's march from Frederick to Harper's Ferry. C C McLaw's and An
derson's march from Frederick to Maryland Heights. D D Walker's march from
the Monocacy to Loudon Heights. A C D Enemy's line of march from Harper's
Ferry to Antietam. B B Longstreet's march to Antietam. H H Franklin's march
from Pleasant Valley to Antietam.
Now is McClellan's opportunity. He can by quick move
ment make the fifteen miles to South Mountain, and pass
through Crampton's Gap and gain Maryland Heights. He
can strike the rebel army in detail and gain a masterly victory.

harper's ferry.

-5

But the golden opportunity is neglected by sluggish hand,
and Harper's Ferry is virtually left to its fate.
We return to our regiment. On the evening of the
nth the orders were obeyed for the men to "sleep on their
arms." About 3 o'clock on the morning of Friday, Septem
ber 1 2th, the men took up the line of march for Harper's
Ferry, to which place we were directed, for the enemy was
approaching in overwhelming numbers.
That place has not a little of exciting association. Its
natural scenery is that of rugged magnificence. Jefferson
had commemorated it in his "Notes on Virginia," written
while he was overlooking from commanding rock the scene
where the Potomac and the Shenandoah unite between the
heights of Loudon and Maryland, with Bolivar Heights in
rear, and to west of the Loudon. Of the entire scenery Jef
ferson declared that " a sight of it was worth a voyage across
the Atlantic."
It was at this place that the vanguard of freedom crossed
the Potomac, for it was here that the brave John Brown, with
his little band, attempted the impossible task of seeking to
liberate the slave by an armed uprising under his standard.
He was in advance of the times. He essayed to do what in
few years Providence did accomplish, and through force of
arms. As, on way from Baltimore to Martinsburg, the regi
ment passed through Harper's Ferry, a theme of thought
were the scenes enacted in the old engine house, then and
still standing, and which now is marked by large sign as John
Brown's Fort. How utter was his failure ; how his men were
massacred one by one in cold blood ; how he was led to the
gallows ; how this little local expedition of a man incited by
frenzied love of freedom, attracted the eyes of the North and
South and became an index of feeling in both sections —
these things are matters of history. The writer was one of
the few who went to the Union Depot in Troy, N. Y., when
the encoffined body of the dead hero was there en route for
its burial ; and there saw the pale, brave-faced widow, who

26 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
was leaning on the arm of one of America's foremost orators,
Wendell Phillips.
It is a point of not a little interest, that the United States
officer who directed the assault of the force on the engine
house, that resulted in the capture of John Brown, was
Robert E. Lee, then a colonel in the United States army.
That was in October, 1859.

HARPER S FERRY FROM THE NORTH.

Early in the history of the Government, during the admin
istration of George Washington — in 1794 — Harper's Ferry
was selected as the site of a National armory. Immediately
after Virginia passed an ordinance of secession, and as a force
of Virginia militia was marching towards Harper's Ferry,
Lieutenant Roger Jones, in command at the armory, fired
and partially destroyed the Government buildings, the ar
senal being totally consumed, with about fifteen thousand
stand of arms. The place was an early rendezvous of the
Confederate forces, " Stonewall " Jackson, who had been for

HARPER S KERRY.

2 7

years a professor of the Virginia Military Institute at Lexing
ton, being at one time in command. Under the direction of
his successor, General J. E. Johnston, the railroad bridge
across the Potomac was burned. Nine times in the progress
of the war was the bridge rebuilt and destroyed.
The march of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regi
ment to Harper's Ferry — distant twenty-two miles — was to
men making their first march, trying. It was rendered harder
by the fact that the men labored under the impression, usual
to recruits, that they must carry as much luggage as they

REBEl ^ \
BATTERIES

HARPER'S EERRY.
could well load on their persons, pockets as well as cartridge-
boxes being filled with cartridges. But, before our destina.
tion was reached, not a little of the burden had been thrown
aside. We accompanied in the march the Sixty-fifth Illinois
Infantry, the Twelfth Illinois Cavalry and an Illinois battery.
When about four miles from Harper's Ferry, the regiment
was drawn up in line of battle to meet an expected encounter
with the enemy.- But the forces seen approaching proved to

28 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
be Union troops, consisting of the Eighth New York Cavalry,
which came from Bolivar Heights to meet us.
The rebel forces under the immediate command of General
Jackson were following close after us.
About seven o'clock Friday evening, September 12th, we
were led on the field of Harper's Ferry. Our regiment was
placed in an open field. In front and east of us were Loudon
Heights, with the Shenandoah River between us and the
Heights beyond. To the left and north of us was Camp Hill,
below which and to the left was the village of Harper's
Ferry. Beyond towered Maryland Heights, between which
and Loudon Heights the Shenandoah and Potomac meet and
move eastward. Just behind us were Bolivar Heights. The
last named, with Camp Hill, the village and Maryland Heights
were in our possession. Maryland Heights formed the key
of the position. Here were stationed the Thirty-second Reg
iment Ohio Volunteers and two companies of the Thirty-
ninth New York, with a few Maryland troops who had fallen
back to this position from the advancing enemy. On the
morning of the I2th, the One Hundred and Twenty-sixth
New York Volunteers was added to the force. This regi
ment with the Thirty-ninth afterwards were parts of the brig
ade with which the One Hundred-and Twenty-fifth was
connected. Colonel Dixon H. Miles was in command of all the Union
forces at Harper's Ferry, General White, who led the troops
from Martinsburg, waiving his seniority in favor of Colonel
Miles. This officer had been ordered on the 15th of August
by General Wool, then in command of the Department inclu
ding Harper's Ferry, to fortify Maryland Heights. This he
had refused or neglected to do. He knew the importance of
the position, for he had served here in the May previous. On
the evening of the 12th he visited the Heights and consulted
with Colonel Thomas H. I1 ord' who was directing at this
point. When he retired he left word with Colonel Ford, that
if he found that he must withdraw he should first spike the
guns. But no adequate effort was made to put the position

HARPER S FERRY. 29
in readiness for an assault. And when on the morning of
the 13th the rebels under McLaws advanced up the Heights
from the east, a feeble, broken resistance was followed by
the spiking of the guns ; and rolling these down the hill, the
Union forces were withdrawn to Harper's Ferry, leaving
Maryland Heights to the rebels, and with it the mastery of
the situation. The guns which all the morning had been
flinging shells down the Potomac at the rebels crossing the
river in that direction, and shelling the woods to the north
and south, now became silent. In the afternoon of the 13th
we saw waving from a tree on the top of Loudon Heights a
rebel signal. A shell from our guns was hurled immediately
above it and the flag quickly descended. But it had sig
nalled to General Jackson west of Bolivar Heights that the
investment of the Union forces was complete.
There remained now only one hope for our beleaguered
troops, and that was in relief from the Army of the Potomac,
only a few miles away. But the relief came not. General
D. H. Hill exultingly attributes the failure to the "lost order,"
which ought to have insured success. But he overlooks that
while General McClellan had been led to suppose that Long-
street, with ten thousand men, stood between him and Mary
land .Heights, yet sending, as McClellan did, 30,000 men to
wards the endangered point, only success should have been
contemplated. But the forces moved with snail-like pace.
No ! McClellan was not equal to the demand. He missed
at once the opportunity to relieve the invested forces and to
crush Lee's army in detail. He failed through an over-cau
tion. He failed through that want of moral courage which
consists of a greater confidence in your own men than fear
of your enemy. McClellan's brilliant imagination played him
false on the 13th of September, as it did in the four days
which followed — days which ended in a partial victory at An
tietam, but which might have been crowned with a magnifi
cent success.
Late in the afternoon of the 1 3th the regiment was ordered
into line and was led southward from Bolivar Heights and

30 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
was placed in support of the Sixth Illinois Battery. The
men lay here all night without blankets or overcoats. Picket
firing was kept up through the night. In the morning the
rebels were seen advancing. Colonel Willard passed along
the line asking the men, " Are you ready to fight them ? " The
response was one — "Come on!" The enemy did not come
within firing distance, and we were soon relieved by the Third
Maryland, and marched back to camp Sunday morning.
It was a beautiful Sunday. But here we were — completely
surrounded by one half of the rebel army : and the men were
for the most part unconscious of the condition of things or
of their danger. And away beyond Maryland Heights were
sounding the guns of South Mountain, where the Union forces
were victorious. There was no Sunday in the army — none
if duty was to be done or danger to be met. The war laid
its demoralizing hand upon a day of religious rest. On this
particular Sunday effort was made for divine worship. On
the open plain Chaplain Barlow was conducting a service
when the rebel batteries on Loudon Heights sent their first
shell at us. It came plunging and tumbling down in front of
the Colonel's tent. Fortunately it did not explode or the
hand writing these lines might have lost its " cunning."
Then was there a scampering of teams parked near us.
By order of Colonel Willard the regiment fell back in hasty
form to a ravine in the rear of our camp and near Bolivar
Heights. Some of Jackson's forces advanced against this
point but were driven back by the Third Maryland. Our
men were placed in support of a battery until after dark, when
they were sent south of the battery on Bolivar Heights. It
was a very cold night and our men suffered severely, as they
were destitute of the overcoats thrown away on the forced
march from Martinsburg.
That Sunday night the cavalry with us, under Colonels
Arno Voss and Davis, cut their way through the enveloping
line and reached Greencastle, Pennsylvania, capturing on the
way a large rebel train of over fifty wagons. That night
the entire beleaguered force might have escaped the net

HARPER S FERRY.

31

entangling them. If cavalry could make their way out, surely
infantry could have done likewise ; abandoning if needs were,
the guns.
The next morning our regiment was back in the old camp,
and when the enemy opened anew upon us, the regiment
was divided. Colonel Willard took command of the five
right companies and placed them across the open field on the
left of a battery to support this, and Lieutenant-Colonel
Crandell was sent with the five remaining companies to the
left, in a narrow grove, the left of his line resting near a
stream which empties into the Shenandoah. The men were
exposed to a heavy artillery fire but were well covered. At
no time was our regiment within easy firing distance of the
rebels. Early Monday morning the firing was resumed on the part
¦of the rebels. The field was completely swept by the guns
from Loudon and Maryland Heights, and the prolongation
of Bolivar Heights where were massed Jackson's men ready
for an assault. Yet it was possible to have constructed
earthworks at Camp Hill and at Bolivar Heights that would
have served as a partial defence, and that might have enabled
our forces to maintain the ground another day. The day
would doubtless have been marked by an assault from the
rebel infantry, but the natural defences on all sides would
have been in our favor. At the point where Jackson had
prepared to charge, such was the lay of the ground, that
after the surrender it required a half-hour for the rebels to
reach Bolivar Heights. Evidently there was no disposition
on the part of the commanding officer to make effectual
resistance. The appearances indicated a purpose on his part
to yield the place. On the 13th — the day that Maryland
Heights were abandoned, and our position was completely
invested — he paroled sixteen rebel prisoners, authorizing
them to pass beyond our lines into the lines of the enemy ;
and "another rebel, an officer named Rouse, who had been
captured and escaped, being retaken, was allowed a private
interview with Miles, and thereupon paroled to go without

32 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS
our lines. He, still under parole, appeared in arms at the
head of his men, among the first to enter our lines after the
surrender.' That man had filled effectually the office of a
spy, and Colonel Miles was apparently in collusion with him.
About 8.30 o'clock Monday morning, the 15th of Septem
ber, the white flag of surrender was displayed by Colonel
Miles' order. Just before this, by advice of General Julius
White, the brigade commanders had been called for counsel,
and advised surrender ; but they did so reluctantly, giving as
their first and foremost reason that " the officer commanding
has lost all confidence in his ability further to defend the
place and was the first to advise surrender." The rebel fire
continuing after the display of the white flag, Colonel Miles
took another and while waving this was cut down by a shot
from the enemy, and died the next day. But the surrender
was soon a fact, General Julius White being appointed to
arrange the terms.
Was Colonel Miles incompetent? — Was he drunk? — Was
he a traitor? These questions have divided judgment. That
he erred in judgment at more than one place is beyond
doubt. But he did on the 13th send Major Russel of the
First Maryland Cavalry to General McClellan telling him
that he could not hold the place more than forty-eight hours.
This gave that general double reason for haste. But neither
"lost order" of General Lee that came into his hands, nor
word from Colonel Miles moved him from his usual slowness.
The surrender caused deep and widespread indignation
among officers and enlisted men. But there was no help
for it. Colonel Willard was approached by officers of the
regiment who offered under his lead to cut their way out.
But he, as a subordinate commander, declared that as true
soldiers we were bound by the acts of our superior officers.
Yet he shed tears of regret and indignation. Thus, also, did
Lieutenant-Colonel Crandell, who, hanging his head, said to
the writer : " Rather than have had this happen, I would gladly
have left my bones on this field." Oh, the shame of it ! Oh,
the blame of it !

HARPER S. FERRY. 33
The men were ordered into line to stack arms. Before do
ing so the regimental flag was torn into shreds and concealed
by the men. Some guns were made unfit for farther use.
As the line was formed, General " Stonewall " Jackson rode
by, an object of great curiosity to the Union troops, who had
for him a higher respect than for any other rebel general.
Two of our men had been killed — one down by the rail
road, and the other while the regiment with arms at right-
shoulder-shift was moving on the double-quick to the place
of formal surrender. The names of the men are Edward De
Forest, Company F, the first man of the regiment killed ;
and Wm. Seers of Company A, the second on our list of
killed. As soon as it was known that the white flag had been
run up, one officer of the regiment, Captain Ephraim Wood,
Company H, determined not to fall into rebel hands, called
upon his company to follow him. His action was at first
mistaken. But the writer has most positive evidence from
Brevet-Major Lee Churchill, who was near Captain Wood at
the time, that it was not until the white flag was raised that
he attempted to leave the field. Some one had shouted :
"They have raised the white flag!" Captain Wood asked:
"What is that you say? Upon being reassured that we were
being surrendered, he called upon his company to follow
him. Only two responded — Daniel W. and John W. De
freest. The Captain and these men did make their escape,
at times concealed in bushes in speaking distance of the
rebels. They made their way to Baltimore, where, shortly
afterwards, they rejoined the regiment, Captain Wood being
promptly placed by Colonel Willard in command of his com
pany. The act of leaving as he did was a brave deed on
Captain Wood's part. It manifested a degree of valor which
in its subsequent display cost him his life. About thirty
more of the regiment escaped surrender. Lieutenant W. H.
Hakes, with thirty men, had been assigned special duty at
Martinsburg. In the performance of his duty he was separa
ted from the regiment. He gained the Union lines and sub
sequently reported at Chicago.

34 ONE HUNDRED AND TWFNTY-FIFTH N. V. VOLS.
To show that the spirit of the men up to the time of the
surrender was undaunted, I will give an extract from a letter
that has come into my hands, of Lieutenant-Colonel Cran
dell. Describing the battle he says: "The rebels opened fire
on the camp with two batteries of artillery throwing shell.
The first shell fired was aimed at the Colonel's tent. I was
packing my saddle-bags near by the tent. The shell passed
about four feet over my head and struck about six feet in
.front of the Colonel's tent. We got out of camp as soon as
possible, and got into a ravine near by. We had not been
there to exceed fifteen minutes before we were attacked on
the west by artillery and irfantry. We had a hard brush for
about three hours. The shells whistled and musketry cracked
right smartly all the time. The darkness put an end to the
fight. A little after daylight on Monday the rebels opened
fire on us again, and kept it up for an hour and a half or two
hours. Colonel Willard says it was the sharpest artillery
fight that he ever witnessed. The infantry did not come
near enough to be reached by us with small arms on Mon
day. The balls whistled above our heads wonderfully for
about three quarters of an hour of the time. The battle
field is not half as terrible as I expected. Two men only, of
our regiment, were killed during the engagement. Our regi
ment was the last to leave the field. I am proud to say
that every company staid right on the spot where they were
placed. We were all taken prisoners by the cowardly sur
render by Colonel Miles, who was in command of the post.
There is no doubt but that we might have held the post two
days longer. We were all surprised when the white flag was
displayed." The language of Colonel Crandell is a true expression of
the general feeling among the men. But we are compelled
to add that when ranks were broken after the surrender, and
while the papers were preparing, a spirit of demoralization
was quickly excited. Rebel emissaries mingled freely with
our men. A groundless rumor was started that we were to
be sent west to fight the Indians. The rebels told our men

harper's ferry. 35
that the Government had no right to hold us together while
under parole. False impressions were made as to the terms
of the parole. The seed of discontent was sown that ripened
in the troubles to be described in the next chapter.
The rebels made an exchange of one sort with us on the
spot. They exchanged rations, taking our good fare and
leaving with us some bacon and hard-tack that had not im
proved with age. The writer does not vouch for the story,
but it was said, that as details from the companies were going
for the rations, they met these walking towards them. He
can, however, as an eye-witness declare that the bacon was
truly alive, and, to add to the other signs of life, when the
large box was fully opened a big rat jumped out and scam
pered away. He can also say that he was witness to the
spoliation by the rebel cavalry of the officers' baggage which
was, according to the terms of the surrender, to remain un
touched. Happily the head-quarter wagon of the One Hun
dred and Twenty-fifth was exempted. The writer had the
privilege of saying to those who were ready to appropriate
its contents, " Hands off !"
He may mention a little incident which occurred in the
place where the wagons were parked. Being ordered, during
the firing on Sunday afternoon to take a horse and find the
baggage and aid in guarding this, he made his way to the
wagon-park near the Shenandoah. Here came " Stonewall "
Jackson with his staff, after the surrender. While the Gen
eral, clothed in dingy gray, was looking through a field-glass
up at Maryland Heights, a pompous Union quartermaster
in new and full rig — sword and all — came galloping to the
spot, and, approaching the General, began to make a com
plaint. Jackson said shortly: " I leave all such matters to
my Quartermaster-general ; you will have to see him, and,
lifting his hat, concluded the interview, returning to his ob
servation of Maryland Heights, which he knew were imper
illed by events just beyond, in Pleasant Valley.
Our loss at Harper's Ferry was 11,583 officers and men
surrendered, 80 killed, 120 wounded; the rebels losing 500

36 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. V. VOLS.
in killed and wounded. But, our disaster was greater than
in actual numbers. It consisted of the lasting shame of the
surrender, and the demoralization of our men. Colonel
Thomas Ford, who deserted Maryland Heights, was cash
iered. As severe ii not greater punishment would have been
visited upon Colonel Miles, had'not Providence cut short his
career. The Commission which subsequently examined this
disgraceful episode of the war reached this just conclusion :
" Had the garrison been slower to surrender, or the Army of
the Potomac swifter to march, the enemy would have been
forced to raise the siege, or would have been taken in detail
with the Potomac dividing his force."
By the morning of the 16th everything was in shape for
our departure. As we marched out of Harper's Ferry to the
Maryland side of the Potomac, Hill's men were marching in ;
and the guns of Antietam were loading by men who were
soon to encamp on Maryland and Bolivar Heights in a long
rest, for here came the Army of the Potomac after that battle.
We need not describe that bloody engagement, begun two
days too late, and fought by the Union troops in detail, and
won at a sacrifice of 2,010 Union men killed, 9,416 wounded,
and 1,043 missing; while the rebels lost in killed 3,500, in
wounded 16,299, anc^ m missing 6,000. Well might General
Lee withdraw ; and well might one soon be removed from
command who renewed his old tactics of inactivity until the
shattered nerves of his soldiers should recover from the shock
of battle, and every man in the ranks have his shoes mended
and his clothes repaired.
The Maryland campaign had cost Lee dearly, for added to
his frightful losses at Antietam were the casualties at Turner's
and Crampton's Gap, South Mountain, where to 443 Union
killed, 1,806 wounded and 76 missing, were 500 rebel killed,
2,343 wounded and 1,500 missing.
Our faces were turned towards Annapolis, Md. We passed
on the 1 6th some of Franklin's men, and while Antietam was
fighting we were moving in rapid march of twenty miles a
day away from the enemy.

HARPER'S FERRY. 37
It will be remembered that when the first shot was fired at
the regiment Sunday afternoon of the 14th, religious services
were in progress. It was no indication of an irreligious spirit
when, on the way to Annapolis, a wag in the regiment (the
regiment was blessed with some such characters, who enliv
ened many a rough spot with their wit) accosted the worthy
Chaplain (Barlow) with the words: " Hello, Chaplain ! I have
been waiting ever since Sunday to hear you say Amen to
that prayer you were making." The Chaplain was ready to
pardon the allusion ; and, with keen sense of the ludicrous, to
enjoy the reference to the quick conclusion of that service.
Our road to Annapolis was sandy. The days were hot and
the nights damp and cold. Yet from early daylight until
dark we marched as to the relief of a beleaguered city, making
the distance of one hundred miles in five days, and reaching
our destination Sunday afternoon, September 22d.
We remained at Annapolis only two days. Here the men
gained needed rest ; had opportunity to bathe, and to try the
quality of Maryland oysters. Here came the word of the
Proclamation of Emancipation, which thrilled the minds of
the thoughtful with new hope and to intenser purpose ; for
while the war was begun with the one object to preserve the
Union, many shared in the firm belief that in some way —
through the blows of the war, or by its consequences — Prov
idence would break the chains of the bondman. This result
has been accomplished, and is accepted by the South. It
remains for the South to renounce thoroughly its heresy of
State Sovereignty, else "history" may "repeat itself" — that
a second war is oft needed to settle the first, and the great
question fought over twenty-five years ago be the occasion
of a renewed and more bloody strife, if not in our time, then
in the days of our children and children's children.

CHAPTER IV. w
CHICAGO AND CAMP DOUGLAS.
\ TRUE history of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth
-^*- Regiment must present a chapter which its friends
would gladly leave out of the book. But it is due in justi
fication of the regiment, and in explanation of a fact which
cannot escape the eye of a careful reader. At Chicago the
regiment lost by desertion about two hundred men. These
men are marked on the Government records as deserters.
Yet they cannot justly be so numbered, in the usual sense of
desertion. They did not leave in the presence of the enemy;
but many of them acted from the honest conviction that the
Government had no right, under the terms of the Harper's
Ferry parole, to keep them together, or to exact from them
any military service until duly exchanged. When the regi
ment was exchanged some of the men returned to duty, and
some enlisted in other regiments. The writer met on the
march in the last campaign of the war, one of those account
ed a deserter at Chicago, but who had been serving in
another regiment all through the war.
I think it well to let another tell the story of Chicago and
" Camp Douglas." At the time of our encampment at Chi
cago, the correspondent of the Troy (N. Y.) Times was Axiel
H. Ellis, who previous to his enlistment had been employed
in the office of that paper. He was an estimable man, and
a clear and forcible writer. A mournful interest is added to
the reading of extracts from his letters by the fact that he
was at Chicago prostrated by disease ; and four days after
the regiment left that place for the seat of war, he passed
from earth, truly regretted by his company and by the entire
regiment.

CAMP DOUGLAS.

39

I shall give only those portions of his letters that describe
the morale of the regiment and its general condition and
health. Many little details will now have lost their interest.
Writing under date of September 30th, 1862, Mr. Ellis said:
I do not think a more appropriate appellation could be bestowed upon this reg
iment than that of the " Wanderers." Since our departure from home, we have
scarcely had a " local habitation," though I think we have earned a " name."
From Martinsburg we made a forced march to Bolivar Heights, and then, after
the battle of Harper's Ferry, and our capture by the rebels, we made a march
from that place to Annapolis, Md. ; thence by transport, on Friday, the 26th inst.,

CAMP DOUGLAS.
we went to Baltimore, and from Baltimore, by rail, we made a continuous jour
ney day and night until we reached Chicago, about noon on Monday, the 29th
inst. The cars furnished us were common freight cars, with no arrangements
for sleeping, and with forty men in each car. We consequently suffered much,
and were much exhausted on our arrival at this place. It was a difficult matter
to obtain any rest at all, such was the terrible jolting and "shaking up" we
experienced in the springless and uncomfortable vehicles furnished for our trans
portation. Our rations consisted of hard bread and partially cooked fat pork,
and had we not been supplied by the patriotic pSople on the route, many of us
would have suffered from hunger.
At Baltimore we took the Erie and Sunbury railroad, which we followed until
its junction with the Pennsylvania railroad, over which we rode to Pittsburg.
Here we changed cars, taking the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago railroad to
the latter place. While on our march through Maryland, it was with great diffi-

40 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
culty that the men could obtain anything to eat from the inhabitants, even by
offering fabulous prices. We were therefore surprised as well as immensely
gratified by the generous manner in which the good people of Altoona received
and entertained us during our short stay at this place. Spontaneously, and ap
parently without organized effort, the people turned out with baskets filled with
nice bread and biscuits, spread with butter and preserves, as well as coffee,
peaches and apples, which they liberally dispensed among the boys. Others
invited the poor hungry soldiers into their houses and seated them at well-
spread tables. As you may well imagine this timely donation was properly appre
ciated by the regiment.
At Pittsburg, at which city we arrived about half -past nine Saturday P. M., we
were treated to a good supper at the City Hall. All soldiers passing through
Pittsburg are thus received. After we left Pittsburg, we saw no very consider
able towns; but every little hamlet seemed rife with patriotism, and baskets of
food greeted us on all hands; even at midnight noble men and women stood
ready to greet us with good cheer. We could not help contrasting this generous
treatment with the "cold shoulder" and extortion with which, save in a few
isolated instances, the people of Maryland received us. Monday afternoon we
arrived at Chicago and were encamped in the vicinity of " Camp Douglas " and
but a short distance from the grave of the eminent statesman, on the shore of
Lake Michigan. The men were very much in need of soap and water, not
having enjoyed that soldier's luxury since we started on our journey. We were
consequently marched down to the lake by companies, and as the waves were
beating in heavily, many of the men enjoyed fine sport bathing in the surf. We
were supplied with ' ' shelter " tents for our temporary comfort — if comfort it can
be called. This afternoon we moved into the tents at " Camp Childs," which
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Illinois occupied previous to their departure
to Louisville, Ky., which took place to-day. Our quarters are very comfortable.
Captain Wood, whose escape from Bolivar Heights during the progress of the
bombardment of that position was mentioned in a former letter, met us at Balti
more, much to our surprise. We had regarded his escape from the rebels as
impossible. He, however, with two men, the Defreests, succeeded in making
his way to McClellan's lines, and consequently, unlike the remainder of the regi
ment, is not a paroled prisoner. He passed over the battle-field at Sharpsburg,
and described the slaughter as terrible beyond imagination.
It may not be inappropriate to say a few words in regard to the feeling which
at present very generally prevails in the regiment. It cannot be denied that
much dissatisfaction is prevalent among the men, from the fact that they were
not taken back to their own State instead of to Chicago. They do not desire a
discharge, and express their readiness to take up arms and fight for the suppres
sion of the rebellion with the same alacrity, cheerfulness and enthusiasm that
they always manifested before their capture, as soon as they are honorably ex
changed. But they think that, under present circumstances, it would be no un
reasonable indulgence to grant them a short furlough, to say the least. ' This
granted, they declare their readiness to return to camp and remain, if desired.

CHICAGO. 41
From time to time did Mr. Ellis write the story of our
experiences at " Camp Childs." Friends from home made
their way to Chicago to visit the regiment. Citizens of
Troy in various ways gave expression to their continued in
terest in the welfare of the men who only a short time before
had left home with high expectations of service, but who
now were to learn that it is harder to wait than to serve, to
endure than to do. Yet the weeks which followed the arrival
of the regiment in Chicago gave opportunity to gain a
knowledge of camp duty and of the manual of arms. With
only a few exceptions, even the officers were wholly inex
perienced in all military affairs ; and one feature of the life in
Camp Childs, and later at Camp Douglas, was the " officers'
drill." Of the friends of the regiment, one whose name was grate
fully cherished at Chicago, and which remains to this day a
grateful memory, was Roger A. Flood. Troy had many
patriotic citizens, who were ready not only with word of
cheer, but with deeds of generosity ; but it had none who
surpassed Mr. Flood in practical support of the Union
cause. Chicago, at the time of the regiment's encampment in
its vicinity, was a large city ; but the Chicago of that day
compares but poorly with the Chicago of the present. The
uneven streets were then a feature of the city, broken as they
were by long flights of steps. Recently the writer slept in
an elegant home, as the guest of Rev. W. W. Everts, D.D.,
who in 1862 was a pastor in Chicago, and who now, with
abiding strength, there resides. And the house stands, like
many more, on the old camp ground ; for the city, in its
large growth, has swept far beyond the limits once marked
by Camp Childs and Camp Douglas.
To say that the " paroled " prisoners found means of
enjoyment in the city of their semi-captivity is to revive
many pleasing memories in survivors of the One Hundred

42 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
and Twenty-fifth Regiment. It was not an easy matter to
keep a thousand men, with nothing particular to do but to
perform half-planned and imperfectly understood duties,
from walking beyond the limits of the camp and strolling
"down street." The strolling necessitated measures to re
cover the wanderers, and guards were dispatched for the
duty. One instance will illustrate this manner of service. A
number of men have ordered in a comfortable eating-house
an oyster supper. The supper is ready, and the oysters
have just been placed before the men, who in the few weeks
of rough experience have grown hungry for a good warm
supper. Just as they were about to apply themselves to the
well-spread tables, in marched a large guard under command
of Captain George E. Lemon. The men plead for respite
from arrest until the meal should be disposed of. Finally, on
their word of honor, given separately and unitedly, that if
they are allowed to remain until the guard shall return from
duty still farther into the city, they will be in readiness to
be marched back to camp, they are permitted to proceed
with the supper. But Captain Lemon was not fully ready
to act unquestioningly on a hungry soldier's word ; so,
before moving off, he quietly stationed a detail around
the house, and with the rest of his command marched
away. An hour passes, and the tramp of that guard
as it returned, is heard on the wooden pavement near
the house of feasting. The sound was the signal for a
stampede of the men within doors, who quickly found them
selves caught in the network of the special guard. Those
men, when they reached camp, did not have the laugh on
Captain Lemon The smile had faded at the sight of the
sentinels. When in the barracks at Camp Douglas, the men found
means of amusement and diversion. The bunks were built
one above another three stories high. It was a serious mis
take for a man to do much dreaming in the top bunk, if he

SOLDIER'S LIFE. 43
was at all given to illustrating his dreams. One of the men
of G. Company had this latter habit. He had in his wake
ful hours been given, since we left Virginia, to imitating the
peculiar music of a mule's voice, a sound with which we be
came afterwards quite familiar. The man, somewhat accord
ing to the laws of dreaming, did one evening in his sleep
what he had been attempting while awake. While some of
the comrades were yet busy at candlelight, writing letters
home and the like, the dreamer, arising in topmost bunk,
began to give forth the ever-to-be-remembered notes of a
mule's song ; but he leaned a little too far over the side of
the bunk, and fell. The last mulish sound was quenched on
the floor. But, he awoke.
Men began to learn to take care of themselves, to wash
and to cook, and sew for themselves at Chicago. The writer
heard of one " mess " that rather " overdid " matters. They
had a camp kettle. In this they first cooked their coffee ;
cleaned it out, and cooked beans in it ; cleaned it again, and
then washed their clothes in it. To wash one's clothes was
certainly an evidence of cleanliness.
Many an evening was cheered in camp by the voice of
song. Among so many men it had been remarkable if there
were not some good singers. And the songs were of home
and of country. Often, at Chicago and onward, did the
men remind one another in song that

' John Brown's body lies mouldering in the ground,
His soul is marching on,"

and

" Sour apple trees"
were not numerous enough to " hang Jeff Davis to " if he
had been hung as often as the men sang the word.
"The star spangled banner "
was not forgotten ; and, they

44 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
" Rallied around the flag, boys ;
Rallied once again,
Shouting the battle cry of Freedom !
The Union forever !"
To our noble President they sang,
"We're coming, Father Abraham, 600,000 more."
— sometimes they sang this as a night charge was made on
a suttler's tent. The rhythm of
" Tramp, tramp, tramp, the boys are marching,"
stirred the air with music, and almost made the ground
quiver, as with measured tread.
" Do they miss me at home, do they miss me?"
sang the soldier, as he thought of " The vacant chair." And,
as he looked forward to what possibly awaited him, he took
up the words : " Just before the battle, mother,
I am thinking, dear, of you."
" When Johnnie comes marching home, boys.
Hurrah, hurrah ! "
frequently rang out in the cheery tones of the soldier's voice.
" So we sang the chorus from Atlanta to the sea."
Anon, they " Sang of love and not of fame,
Forgot the Nation's glory ;
Each heart recalled a different name,
But all sang ' Annie Laurie.'"
The writer regards as two of the best songs born of the
war, " The battle hymn of the Republic," and " Tenting on
the old camp ground," a song he has hummed on battlefield.
Looking back, after twenty-five years, to Camp Doug
las and the men who there mingled, of not a few of the
many comrades who there sang together, and who after
wards moved over fields made red with their own blood, do
words of Theodore O'Hara in his " Bivouac of the Dead "

CAMP DOUGLAS.

45

appear most appropriate, as they are among the choicest
ever penned of hero dead.
" The muffled drum's sad roll has beat
The soldier's last tattoo ;
No more on life's parade shall meet
That brave and fallen few.
On Fame's eternal camping-ground
Their silent tents are spread,
And glory guards with solemn round
The bivouac of the dead.
No rumor of the foe's advance
Now swells upon the wind,
No troubled thought of midnight haunts
Of loved ones left behind ;
No vision of the morrow's strife
The warrior's dream alarms,
No braying horn or screaming fife
At dawn shall call to arms.
Their shivered swords are red with rust,
Their plumed heads are bower],
Their haughty banner trailed in dust
Is now their martial shroud —
And plenteous funeral tears have washed
The red stains from each brow,
And the proud forms by battle gashed
Are free from anguish now."
"Nor shall your glory be forgot
While Fame her record keeps,
Or Honor points the hallowed spot
Where Valor proudly sleeps."
" Nor wreck, nor change nor winter's blight,
Nor time's remorseless doom,
Can dim one ray of holy light
That gilds your glorious tomb."
The larger part of the time that the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth Regiment spent at Chicago was passed in Camp
Douglas. We moved to this camp from Camp Childs,
October 18th. Mr. Ellis wrote of the change as follows :
This morning we received orders to pack up our "traps " and get ready for re
moval to barracks in Camp Douglas. We should have much preferred to have
received orders for Camp Halleck, Troy, but no opposition was made and to-night
we find ourselves located in comfortable quarters. No longer will the men be
obliged to lie on the damp, cold ground and rise with cold and rheumatism. Our
quarters are furnished with comfortable bunks, with hay, if desired. Each com-

46 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
pany's quarters are separate from the others, with cook-room and dining hall in
the rear. The non-commissioned officers are quartered separate from the men —
;n many respects an improvement. Of course the barracks are vastly superior to
tents at this season of the year, and it is expected that the regiment will soon re
gain its wonted health. The greatest objection which the men have to being
stationed here is the strictness with which they apprehend we shall be confined
within the enclosure, having been accustomed to almost unrestrained liberty while
at Camp Childs.
Apart from the sickness of many of the men at Camp Doug
las, everything was favorable to the enjoyment of camp life.
The usual drill and daily duties gave exercise, the discipline
of the regiment was improved, rations were abundant and
good, and the men were comfortably clothed. Passes to visit
the city were regularly given, and the people of Chicago
manifested a kind interest in the soldiers. The Young Men's
Christian Association sought to supplement the work of the
chaplains of the regiments. Among those representing the
Young Men's Christian Association was Dwight L. Moody,
since widely known in the Christian world, and at that time
a zealous Christian worker. His earnest appeals will still be
remembered by many who listened to him in the board chap
el at Camp Douglas. The writer, then an enlisted man, was
greeted by him on the streets of Chicago and kindly invited
to his home, where pleasant time was passed in conversation.
Our abode at Camp Douglas extended through a month,
when on the 22d of November, having been duly exchanged,
we were taken again eastward to the scenes of action.
The journey eastward, like our trip westward, and our first
travels to the front, was attended by tokens of the good will
of the people who at various points entertained us bountifully.
The names of Altoona, Pittsburg, Baltimore and Philadel
phia are fragrant memories to the men of the One Hundred
and Twenty-fifth, who at these places witnessed a practical
expression of the patriotism of the people. Letters written
by the soldiers to the press, and private letters to friends at
home, that have been carefully treasured during all the years
which have followed the war, are full of words of gratitude
for the generous tables at which the men were made to par-

CAMP DOUGLAS.

47

take. Moving westward, we approached Altoona of a Sun
day. The word was received there that ten thousand troops,
who had been without suitable food for several days, were
expected. The people were assembled in the churches. The
services of prayer and praise were concluded, when the pas
tors told of the coming of the soldiers, and advised that
instead of preaching that day, there should be practicing,
and dismissed the people to prepare food for the men. Roy
ally did the people respond, and a bountiful repast was the
result. But at no place were the troops more generously

UNION REFRESHMENT SALOON, PHILADELPHIA.
¦entertained than in the " old cooper shop," and in the Union
Refreshment Saloon, Philadelphia. A short path to a sol
dier's heart was by way of his stomach. Napoleon said that
"Armies moved on their bellies." Certainly a well-filled
stomach made the soldier move with greater cheer. But, a
maxim of the same General was : "The first qualification of
a soldier is fortitude under fatigue and privation. Courage
is only the second ; hardship, poverty, and want are the best
school for the soldier." By that test were our men approved,
for cheerfully did they, when necessity demanded, press for
ward with empty haversacks to duty and danger.

CHAPTER V.
IN VIRGINIA AGAIN.
CAMP CHASE — WOLF-RUN SHOALS — WOODYARD FORD — UNION MILLS — FAIRFAX:
COURT-HOUSE — CENTREVILLE.
"V\ 7HILE the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment
* ^ was under parole and was encamped at Chicago, bat
tles were fighting at the West. At Iuka, Mississippi, Septem
ber 19th, was fought the battle which bears the name of that
place. Following the Battle of Iuka occurred — on the 3d
and 4th of October — the battle of Corinth, Mississippi, where
the Union forces, under General W. S. Rosecrans, gained a
brilliant victory, inflicting upon the rebels a loss of 2,017
killed, 7,854 wounded, and 4,350 missing; while our losses
were 315 killed, 1,812 wounded, and 232 missing. General
Rosecrans reports that his men buried 1,423 rebel officers and
men, and numbered 2,268 prisoners taken. The official Con
federate report gave their losses as 505 killed, 2,150 wounded
and 2,183 missing. This last report is undoubtedly erroneous.
In this battle an inferior force of Union troops defeated dis
astrously a largely superior force of Confederates.
On the 7th and 8th of that same month of October was
fought the battle of Perryville, Kentucky, where also the
Union Army was victorious, losing 916 killed, 2,943 wounded
and 489 missing. The rebels lost in killed about 1,300,
wounded nearly 3,000 and missing about 2,700.
In the time from September 16th to November 26th the
expeditions, reconnoissances, scouts, skirmishes, actions, en
gagements, with battles, numbered together two hundred
and forty-eight. The large battles are the salient points, the
high peaks ; but the other events were parts of the great
mountain-chain of the struggle, and often had to do with
the success or failure in more general engagements.

IN VIRGINIA AGAIN. 49
Our first encampment in Virginia, after our " exchange, "
was at Arlington Heights, in " Camp Chase, " opposite Wash
ington, D. C. Opportunity was now afforded many of our
men to see for the first time the Capital of our Nation. The
opportunity was gladly availed, many being greatly impressed
by a sight of the public buildings. But the city itself was
far less then, with its muddy streets crushed by heavily laden
army-wagons, than it is now with all of its varied and attrac
tive improvements.
Our arrival in Washington was on Monday, November 25th ;
and Tuesday night, November 26th, we were marched across
Long Bridge, reaching Camp Chase about eleven o'clock-
We were now in possession of " shelter" tents, consisting at
that time of rubber blankets so arranged that they could be
fastened together and shaped by means of two upright sticks
and one cross-piece, into a tent.
Our encampment at this point was brief. At eight o'clock
on December 3d, we marched to Alexandria, where we
boarded platform cars for Union Mills. The road was by no
means in good shape, and the jostling produced by the rapid
movement of the train excited genuine fear of disaster. The
night that followed at Union Mills Station was passed shel
terless. The next day was given in part to unloading cars.
In the afternoon we were marched to Wolf-Run Shoals,
making the distance between the hours of two and five
o'clock. A battery of artillery and a company of cavalry
were stationed here that came at once under command of
Colonel Willard. As it was reported that the enemy was
near, the regiment was at once prepared for action ; but the
enemy did not appear. The experiences at Wolf-Run Shoals
are classed among the " rough " times, snow falling as the
men were pitching their tents. At this point the regiment
was armed with new Springfield rifles.
Thursday morning, December nth, found us again on the
move. This time it was to Woodyard Ford. Mr. Henry
Wheeler, who succeeded Mr. Ellis, deceased, as correspon
dent of the Troy Times, in a letter to that paper describes

50 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
the move, and gives some facts o_ interest. Writing from
Woodyard Ford under date of December 14th, 1862, he
says :
" Again we make another move. After having arranged
our tents and laid out the company streets — to do which we
were obliged to fell a large number of trees — the One Hun
dred and Twenty-fifth was ordered to this camp, a distance of
about four miles. We " struck " tents on Wednesday night,
the ioth inst., and at an early hour on Thursday morning
started on the march for this camp. We have pitched no
tents this time, but are enjoying camp life in earnest in the
woods. It is not very cold here through the day, but at
night and early in the morning it is quite chilly.
" A part of General Sigel's army, under command of Gen
eral Schenck, has arrived and is now encamped at Wolf-Run
Shoals. I do not know what their destination is, but I am
pretty certain that their stay here is only temporary
" Captain F. S. Esmond, of Company C, has resigned and
his resignation has been accepted. Lieutenant Plumb is in
command of the company.
" There are quite a number of vacancies of line officers to
be filled. Already three of the captains have resigned, and
one has been cashiered. There are few vacancies among the
lieutenants. The places will be filled soon. I do not think
we will remain here long, but probably will winter at Union
Mills. Our pickets extend to that place, where they meet
those of the One Hundred and Twenty-sixth New York Vol
unteers." The regiment was at this time complimented in an order
from the commanding officer of the brigade to which the
regiment was now attached. The order reads :
Headquarters, Provisional brigade
Union Mills, Va., December I2t/i, iS6z
Colonel C. L. lVilla?d, Commanding forces at Woodyard Ford, Virginia.
Colonel . Conjointly with circular of this date, I desire to express to you my
best thanks for the able manner with which you have managed your forces during

IN VIRGINIA AGAIN. 5 I
the time that you have been attached to my brigade ; and to request of you that
you may tender to your officers and men my satisfaction for the cheerfulness and
military spirit with which they have borne the many privations incident to a new
organization, made more difficult to bear through the inclemency of the weather.
Believe me to be fraternally yours,
F. C. D'UTASSI,
Col. Commanding First Provisional Brigade.
How little men knew at times in movements made and
vexations endured, the part they were filling in a large plan.
Often weeks passed and no intelligence, save in form of vague
report, reached them of the general operations of the war.
While the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment was
being moved from " pillar to post " during those December
days, the men in the ranks were for the most part ignorant
of the frightful scenes enacting in front of Fredericksburg.
The shifting of the rear line, of which we were a part — al
though miles distant from the front, conformed to the possible
demands of the line pressing across the Rappahannock and
up Marye's Heights. Slow movements had given place to
rapid movements, so far as the army was concerned. Now
the authorities at Washington fail in their part. McClellan
has been replaced by Burnside, a reluctant successor to the
command of an army which he declared himself unable to
handle. On the 7th of November the former commander
made, at Warrenton, a formal adieu to the Army of the Po
tomac. He was the only one of its commanders who with any
parade took leave of his command. A forward movement is
at once decided upon. Pontoon bridges are called for, to
span the Rappahannock in front of Fredericksburg. No
vember 17th is the day set for their arrival. They come to
hand on the 25th. In the meantime, the rebel army reached
the ground, and the awful slaughter of brave men followed, in
one of the bravest attempts ever made in the civil war or in
any war to capture strongest works over most difficult grounds
in the face of a doubly intrenched army of great strength.
Alas, for Burnside ! — alas, for the brave men who fell with
utmost valor before an impregnable position — as then

52 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
manned — against which they hurled themselves unflinch
ingly ! Alas, for the Army of the Potomac ! Alas, for the
Nation ! Three to one we paid the price of unavailing valor.
We suffered in killed 1,180, in wounded 9,028, in missing
2,145 ; while the rebel loss was only 579 killed, 3,870 wounded,
and missing 127. But those Union missing were for the
most part forever missing. Only 900 were prisoners in the
rebel hands, the other 1,200 were buried indiscriminately
with graves marked " unknown."
General Burnside made another brave endeavor to accom
plish something worthy of his command. But his efforts
proved vain ; and confronted by a divided support among
his subordinate officers, he was relieved of his command.
The Battle of Fredericksburg was fought chiefly on the
13th of December, the whole series of operations extending
from the ioth — when the crossing of the Rappahannock be
gan — to the 17th, when the Army of the Potomac was back
again at Falmouth.
On the 15 th, our regiment was marched from Woodyard
Ford to Union Mills. Mr. Henry Wheeler, in another letter,
describes the movement. Under date of December 22nd,
at Union Mills, he writes :
" As was anticipated in my letter from Woodyard Ford,
we have moved to this place, and from the preparation made
I should judge that the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Reg
iment will spend the winter here. We moved from Wood-
yard Ford on Monday morning, the 15th inst., and after a
five mile march reached here. The tents not having arrived,
we encamped on the ground that night ; but we had not
been long on the ground before a heavy rain-storm set in,
completely wetting the men through. It was a tough night,
indeed. Next morning the tents arrived and were pitched
by the men in a short time, the rain continuing to fall until
nearly noon. Since then the weather has been somewhat
cold, and every night large fires can be seen in the company
streets, with the boys sitting in front of their tents enjoying
them. We were also favored with a little flurry of snow on

IN VIRGINIA AGAIN. 53
Friday last. The camp is well laid out, and is situated on
the hill northeast of the railroad station. There is quite a
large number of soldiers here. The United States Military
Railroad — formerly the Orange Railroad — runs from this
place to Washington daily. The road is only used in trans
porting stores to the troops in the vicinity. Lieutenant F.
Chamberlin, of Company F, has resigned, and I understand
that several other line officers intend resigning soon. This
regiment is very unfortunate in the loss of its officers. It
does not number over five hundred men at the present
time — the rest either being sick in the Chicago and Washing
ton hospitals or are absent without leave. Company E, with
Lieutenant Bush in command — Captain Dimond having re
signed — and Company G, Captain Lemon, left here on the
1 8th inst., for Fairfax Station, on detached duty. Lieuten
ant-Colonel Crandell is at present in command of the regi
ment — Colonel Willard being absent at Washington. We
had an alarm in camp on Saturday morning. About half-past
ten o'clock word was dispatched to Colonel Crandell to have
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth in readiness for an attack.
The boys were in line with pieces loaded in double-quick
time, and seemed anxious for a " brush " with the rebels, but
they were disappointed. The cause of the alarm, I under
stand, was the firing by our own pickets — the Garibaldi
Guards into some of our cavalry who were scouting. It is
reported that two of the cavalry were killed but I cannot
vouch for the truth of the report. A court-martial was con
vened at Union Mills this afternoon of which Lieutenant-
Colonel Crandell and Captain E. P. Jones, of the One Hun
dred and Twenty-fifth Regiment, are members. The regi
ment seems to be greatly improving in drill and promises
well. I forgot to mention that the One Hundred and Twen
ty-fifth Regiment is in General Casey's Division, and Acting
Brigadier-General D'Utassi's Brigade. General D'Utassi is
colonel of the Thirty-ninth New York State Volunteers, bet
ter known as the 'Garibaldi Guards.' "
While the regiment was encamped at Union Mills, one af-

54 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
ternoon — as the men were drawn up in line at dress-parade,
up the road from Union Mills came riding at rapid pace two
horsemen. The road ran a little one side from the camp and
passed into the woods towards Fairfax Court-house. The
camp-guard extended on a line within the woods. The wri
ter was in the chaplain's tent, when the chaplain from out
side called to him to hurry out. As he stepped out, the
horsemen dashed by, and before the guards had recovered
from their surprise the riders were beyond reach. One was a
rebel officer, and the other a negro attendant. It was a bold
dash. It was at the time of a rebel cavalry raid to the rear
of our position. That night a company was sent out under
the lead of several volunteers, who followed in the wake of
the rebel horsemen, and were stationed by Colonel Crandell
at a point where met some cross-roads reaching to the camp.
But the rebels put in no further appearance that night. Only
one shot was fired during the progress of the affair. The
writer owns that he fired that shot. It was intimated that
the offending object was a bush swaying in the night air. In
the dim distance of years he is constrained to acknowledge
the possible justness of the intimation. But afterwards, reb
els became at times as numerous as bushes, and like mistakes
were less likely to occur.
Before leaving Union Mills, a Young Men's Christian Asso
ciation was formed in the regiment and work was attempted
on a chapel. But another change in location defeated the
latter plan, and subsequent demands of the service rendered
futile the former organization.
While we were yet at this place, the word was flashed over
the country of the fierce battle at Murfreesboro, or Stone
River, Tennessee, on the last day of 1862 and the first three
days of the new year. It was one of General Rosecrans' larg
est battles. The Union losses are stated at 1 .533 killed, 7,245
wounded and 2,800 missing ; while the rebel losses are given
at about 9,000 killed and wounded, and 16,560 missing. The
right and left of the Union line were driven back a short dis
tance, on successive days, but finally repelled the rebels, who

IN VIRGINIA AGAIN.

55

retreated from the field, leaving Murfreesboro in the posses
sion of the Union troops.
The Times ( Troy, N. Y. ) correspondent dates his next
letter at Fairfax Court-house, January 23d, 1863. His letter
reads :
" Contrary to general expectation, the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth Regiment has again shifted its quarters. The
order of General Casey, requiring our removal to Fairfax
Court-house, was read to the regiment, while on dress-
parade, Monday night last, and on the following morning the
march for this place was taken up. The boys were greatly
surprised to learn that they were again to move, as only a few
days previous they had stockaded their tents, by order of
Lieutenant-Colonel Crandell, and made everything comforta
ble for winter. We have taken up our quarters on the camp
ground recently occupied by the Fifteenth Vermont Volun
teers, who, like us, had also stockaded their tents and gone
into winter quarters, only to be ordered somewhere else. I
will not venture to state that we are to stay here any great
length of time. The mud in the roads is almost a foot deep,
and they are in some places almost impassable.
" Stephen W. Washburn, of Company K, died in the hospi
tal at Camp Casey, Union Mills, on the 6th inst., and was
buried with military honors on the 7th. His disease was
chronic diarrhoea. From a private letter, I understand that
George Bullson, of Company D, recently died in the Marine
Hospital, at Chicago, of gastric fever. Lieutenant Comisky,
of Company C, has resigned and his resignation has been ac
cepted. Lieutenant Newcomb, of Company G, has been ap
pointed Chief of the Ambulance Corps of General Casey's
Division. The selection was well made. A military board
for the examination of non-commissioned officers, consisting
of Captain Myer of Company B; Captain Armstrong of
Company D ; and Captain Vandenburgh of Company K, has
been in session some time, and I am informed that several
orderly sergeants have been recommended for promotion by
the board. Colonel D'Utassi has been superseded in the

56 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
command of the Third Brigade, Casey's Division ( to which
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth is attached) by Briga
dier-General Alexander Hays of Pennsylvania."
The non-commissioned officers referred to in the above
letter were : ^Edward O'Conner, Merritt Miller, L. H. Cran
dell, Donald Gillies, Bennett G. Barto, William Milner, Sher
man Cleminshaw and George A. Bryan. We give another
letter which tells its own story.
" We are again on the march. We had made everything
comfortable in camp at Fairfax Court-house, when, on Mon
day night of last week, orders came for the regiment to
report immediately at Centreville, and the following morning
the march was taken up and we arrived here about noon.
The distance was only about seven miles. The men suffered
from the cold while marching, and that night were obliged
to sleep on the ground in their tents without fires. The
night was an awful one and the men suffered terribly. The
next morning they could be seen busily engaged in building
fire-places in their tents, and making themselves otherwise
comfortable. We have experienced the severest weather,
since we have been here, of any yet while in the service.
" Captain Hartshorn, of Company E, returned to the regi
ment yesterday afternoon, and has assumed command of his
new company. Lieutenant Taylor, of Company F, has also
just returned this afternoon to his company. Both officers
are looking well and hearty. Second Sergeant Lee Churchill,
of Company F, has been appointed Second Lieutenant of
Company K, vice McG. Steele, resigned. The regiment is
fast improving in discipline and efficiency and promises to be
one of the best among the three years' volunteers. Lieuten
ant-Colonel Crandell is still in command ; the men love and
respect him, both as an officer and a gentleman. Our new
sutler, James Cole, of Nassau, arrived here a few days since,
and is well patronized by the boys. The ' long roll ' was
sounded in camp last night, and the regiment was formed in
line of battle, ready to meet the enemy. But no enemy was
to be seen."

IN VIRGINIA AGAIN. 57
Following this letter is one dated at the same place, Feb
ruary 1 8th, and still others that give account of our life at
Centreville :
" Again your correspondent takes the opportunity of in
forming your readers as to the doings of the One Hundred
and Twenty-fifth regiment. ' All is quiet along the lines,' in
this neighborhood. General Casey has refused to accept the
resignation of Lieutenants Plumb, Chamberlin, Pickett,
Buchanan and Fink — he not deeming their reasons for re
signing sufficient. ¦ Those of Lieutenant Joles, of Company
D, and Lieutenant Bush, of Company E, have been accepted
and they intend returning home in a few days. Chaplain

STONE CHURCH AT CENTREVILLE, VIRGINIA.
Barlow has also tendered his resignation, on account of ill
health, but it has not yet been accepted. Quartermaster
Ball has been recommended for the position of paymaster in
the regular army, with the rank of major. In the event of
the appointment being confirmed — which is deemed certain
— Quartermaster-Sergeant George Jenkins will undoubtedly
be appointed to fill the vacancy occasioned by Mr. Ball's
promotion. Mr. Jenkins is a capable and efficient officer, and
if appointed, will make a good and worthy quartermaster.
Mr. George H. Owen, our new assistant surgeon in place of
Surgeon Benedict, resigned, arrived here a few days since,
and has commenced his duties. He is highly spoken of by
those who are intimately acquainted with him.

58 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
" In order to let your readers know the exact amount of
duty required of the members of this regiment, I submit the
following calls : Reveille, 6 A. M.; sick call, 6.30 A. M.; break
fast call, 7 A. M.; guard mounting, 8 A. M.; officers' drill, 9 A.
M.; squad drill, 10 A. M.; recall, 12 M.; dinner, 12.30 P. M.;
battalion drill, 2 P. M.; recall, 4 P. M.; dress parade, 4.30 P. M.;
supper, 5 P. M.; tattoo, 7.30 P. M.; taps, 8 P. M. We have to
do picket duty two out of every six days. The Drum Corps
has been fully organized under the leadership of George L.
Wallace, of Company B. It consists of ten snare drums,
one base drum and five fifes, and is continually improving.
On the night of the 15th inst., the entire corps sounded the
' tattoo ' and the regiment gave three hearty cheers. It is a
singular fact, and one worthy of note, that this cheering
was the first done by the men since we left Martinsburg.
The night of the 16th was a merry one in camp. Several of
our officers, after prevailing on the drum corps to furnish the
music, started a dance in front of Adjutant Sheldon's quar
ters, and in a very few moments the officers and men were
engaged in tripping the ' light fantastic toe.' All seemed to
relish the sport hugely, and when ' taps ' sounded, retired to
their tents perfectly satisfied with the evening's entertain
ment. " Sergeant Sherman Cleminshaw, of Company F, has
received a commission as Second Lieutenant, but has not
as yet been assigned to a company. Commissions in the
negro regiments about to be raised have been tendered to
the non-commissioned officers of the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth. The Thirty-ninth, One Hundred and Eleventh,
One Hundred and Twenty-fifth New York, and the Eleventh
Massachusetts battery, are stationed at this place, and are
under the command of Colonel D'Utassi, of the Thirty-
ninth New York.
" Since my last letter to your valuable sheet, quite a num
ber of promotions have been made in the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth Regiment. They were announced at dress
parade on Monday afternoon last, and are as follows : First

IN VIRGINIA AGAIN. 59
Lieutenant Wm. H. Plumb, Jr., of Company C, to be Cap
tain of Company F ; First Lieutenant Frank Chamberlain, of
Company F, to be Captain of Company C ; Second Lieuten
ant L. H. Stevens, of Company G, to be First Lieutenant ;
B. R. Townsend, of Company D, to be First Lieutenant of
Company F ; Orderly Sergeant Edward O'Conner, of Com
pany A, to be Second Lieutenant of Company B ; Orderly
Sergeant B. G. Barto, of Company I, to be Second Lieuten
ant of Company A ; Orderly Sergeant Merritt Miller, of Com
pany G, to be Second Lieutenant of Company G ; Orderly
Sergeant G. A. Bryan, of Company K, to be Second Lieu
tenant of Company D ; Sergeant L. H. Crandell, of Company
G, to be Second Lieutenant of Company E. Second Lieu
tenant Sherman Cleminshaw has been assigned to Company
C, in place of Lieutenant Comiskey, resigned. It will be ob
served that with but one exception these officers have been
promoted in other companies than their own. It is due to
the Orderly Sergeant of Company E, I. DeWitt Coleman, to
say that he peremtorily refused to be considered a candidate
for promotion, rather than obtain it in another company,
and be obliged to part with his comrades, with whom, he
says, he shall share the fate that may be meted out to them.
If he doubted his ability to sustain himself in the examina
tion, none else in the regiment did. He has shown by this
noble act that he is prompted by a higher motive than dis
tinction or money in serving his country. It would be well
if more men of Sergeant Coleman's sentiments could be found
in the army.
" Three deaths have occurred in this regiment within the
past few days. Private Trueman Sweet, of Company E,
(Captain Hartshorn,) died in the hospital here on Saturday
night, February 2ist, of congestion of the lungs. He had
been sick about a week. His remains were interred on Mon
day morning, the whole regiment attending his funeral. He
was aged 31 years, and was an unmarried man. Private
George Green, of Company K, died in the brigade hospital
at Union Mills, on the morning of the 24th inst., of typhoid

60 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
fever. He was 19 years old, and was first taken sick while
the regiment was at Chicago. Corporal Robert Hollings-
worth, of Company C, died on the 21st inst., of typhoid in
flammation of the lungs, at the brigade hospital, Union Mills.
His father has been notified of his death, and it is intended
to send his remains to Troy for burial. Thus have three
good soldiers passed to another and better world. May they
rest in peace. Lieutenants Buchanan and Fink, of Company
I, have tendered their resignations, on account of physical
disability. They will no doubt be accepted. These gentle
man have been ill for some time past, and have with great
reluctance at last been obliged to resign."
Under date of March 2d, he writes :
" Your correspondent is obliged to inform your readers in
this letter of the first accident which has occurred in this
regiment, resulting from the careless use of fire-arms. The
particulars are as follows : This evening about six o'clock,
a private of Company D, named Michael Larkins, who was
on camp guard, was sent to escort a prisoner — a member of
Company I — to his quarters for supper. While standing in
the company street, private William Alexander, of the latter
company, commenced to play with Larkins, upon which the
latter, in a joking manner, supposing the piece unloaded —
believing it his own — took aim and fired. Unfortunately, it
proved to be loaded, and the ball entered Alexander's head,
and into his brain and passing out at the upper lip, glanced
across the street and lodged in the fleshy part of the leg of
Isaac Wager, of Company A. Wager was splitting wood at
the time in front of Captain Sheldon's quarters. Both men
were immediately conveyed to the hospital, but upon arriving
there Alexander was found to be dead. His face was terribly
mangled. The wound in Wager's leg is not considered dan
gerous. Drs. Cooper and Akin did their utmost to extract
the bullet from Wager's leg, but could not find it. It has
undoubtedly passed down into the muscles of the limb, where
it will remain. Larkins says that his piece had not been
loaded, and he supposed he had it with him. But unfortu-

LN VIRGINIA AGAIN. 6l
nately he made a mistake and took a loaded musket belonging
to William A. Allen, of Company D, who was also on guard.
Hence the accident. Larkins was placed under arrest, but
he will undoubtedly be released, as it was purely accidental.
Alexander will be remembered by your citizens as an actor
at the Adelphia theatre, previous to his enlistment in this
regiment. This fatal accident will serve as a terrible warning
to the members of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth against
the careless handling of fire-arms in the future. I believe the
unfortunate man has a wife residing in your city. The regi
ment was mustered for two months' pay on Saturday last,
and the prospects are that we will be paid about the middle
of the present month. On the occasion of the muster, the
men never looked or marched better — the drum corps doing
their very best.
" On Saturday night, the ' long-roll ' was again sounded in
camp and the men turned out in quick time. After standing
out in the rain for about two hours, they were ordered back
to their quarters, to sleep on their arms, and be ready in case
of an emergency. But we were not disturbed during the
remainder of the night. The rebels are reported in large
force some twelve miles distant from this place, and should
they attack us, they will meet with a warm reception in the
shape of leaden bullets and glistening steel. The One Hun
dred and Twenty-fifth, if attacked, will, I am certain, prove
themselves equal to the emergency.
" Lieutenants Buchanan and Fink of Company I, having
tendered their resignations on account of ill health, have been
honorably discharged from the service. Their departure is
much to be regretted, as they were competent and efficient
officers. A general court-martial convened at Union Mills
this morning for the trial of various offenders against military
laws. Mr. E. Chamberlin, father of Captain Chamberlin,
and W. S. Hartshorn of Petersburgh, brother of Captain
Hartshorn, have been here on a visit to their friends.
"Your correspondent has just been informed of another
rebel raid in this vicinity. The particulars are as follows :

62 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
t
A party of rebels, about forty in number, succeeded in getting
within our picket line, near this place, about 4 o'clock this
morning, and had it not been for the vigilance of the senti'
nel on the fort occupied by the Eleventh Massachusetts Bat
tery, they would undoubtedly have made a large haul of
horses. Being baffled in this, they made their way to Fair
fax Court-house, a distance of seven miles, and succeeded in
taking Brigadier-General E. H. Stoughton, of the Vermont
Brigade, prisoner, and captured a horse belonging to the
well-known Colonel Wyndham. Lieutenant-Colonel Robert
Johnson, of the Fifth New York Cavalry, made his escape by
jumping out of a window in his night-clothes. The rebels
then took their departure for their own camp. The manner
in which they effected an entrance through our picket lines,
as far as I can learn, is thus explained. The rebels established
a post on our picket line, and thus obtained the countersign
from our ' grand rounds ' when it made patrol about mid
night, the ' rounds ' supposing, of course, that it was one of
our own picket posts. For the benefit of the boys, I state
that the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment was not
doing picket duty on that night. Therefore the blame, if
there is any, does not rest with this regiment.
" Refugees from Richmond are daily arriving here, by way
of the Warrenton road. They present a pitiful tale of the
sufferings of the people at that place. William Alexander,
who was accidentally shot by the discharge of a musket in
the hands of Michael Larkins, on the night of the 2d inst.,
was buried with military honors on the Wednesday afternoon
following. The ball entered his face on the right side of the
nose and passed out at the back part of his head. Wager's
wound in the leg is slowly improving. It has been found
impossible by our surgeons to extract the ball, without as
suming a great deal of risk, as it has lodged in the muscles of
the limb. An examination has been had in the affair and
Larkins honorably discharged from arrest, the whole proving
purely accidental. First Lieutenant Hakes, of Company B,
(Captain Myer) has again tendered his resignation. It has

IN VIRGINIA AGAIN. 63
not yet been accepted. Chaplain Ezra D. Simons arrived
here a few days ago, and was warmly welcomed. He brought
on some fifty fatigue caps, donated by a benevolent Trojan
lady, which proved very acceptable to those who were lucky
enough to obtain them. Sergeant Charles R. German, of
Company D, has been acting commissary sergeant in place
of Mr. Simons, and his efficient performance of its duties
has proved him competent for the position. He will no
doubt be appointed to fill the vacancy. Some fifteen mem
bers of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth are about to be
discharged, on account of physical disability."
Writing March 16th, he says :
" Sergeant-Major Harry L. Haskell has received his com
mission as Second Lieutenant of Company F, in place of
Lieutenant W. D. Taylor, promoted ; and First Sergeant
Wm. Milner, of Company D, has received a like commission
in Company H, vice Lieutenant Hull, promoted. Lieuten
ants Haskell and Milner are well qualified for their positions,
and will prove themselves worthy of the compliment be_
stowed upon them. They are well liked throughout the regi
ment. Hospital Steward Frederick A. Morey has been pro
moted to the rank of sergeant-major. A better selection
could not have been made. Colonel Willard is president of
the general court-martial now sitting at Alexandria. He
will probably be detained from joining the regiment for sev
eral weeks longer than was anticipated.
" Captain A. B. Myer, of Company B, intends to return
home on a leave of absence in a few days, on account of ill
health. He has not been well for some time. Lieutenant-
Colonel C. D. McDougall, of the One Hundred and Eleventh
New York Volunteers, has superseded Colonel F. G. D'Utassi
in the command of the post at Centreville — the latter officer
having been ordered to report at Washington some time
since." Under date of March 28th, the following facts are recorded :
" Sergeant Aaron Goodrich, of Company I, has recently
been appointed Second Lieutenant by Governor Seymour.

64 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Lieutenant Goodrich has been assigned to that position maoe
vacant by Lieutenant Fink's resignation. The headquarters
of the Third Brigade, Brigadier-General Alexander Hays,
was removed from Union Mills to Centreville a few days
since, and General Hays has already assumed command of
this post."
On the 31st of March a sad occurrence was described :
" An affair of rather serious nature occurred in the camp
of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment about
nine o'clock last night. The following are the particulars :
Private Philip Gibbs of Company H, of this regiment, (but
detached as an ambulance driver for the brigade), undertook
to pass outside the guards, near the main entrance to the
camp, without giving the countersign. As soon as perceived
he was ordered to ' halt ' by the guard several times, but
paying no attention whatever to their commands, one of
them, Albert Youmans, of Company I, took aim and fired at
him. Gibbs immediately fell to the ground and commenced
to groan as if in great pain. He was taken up and conveyed
to our hospital, where proper surgical aid was given him by
Drs. Cooper aud Akin. The ball entered at the posterior
part of the leg, about two inches above the ankle joint, pass
ing upwards in an oblique direction, wounding the posterior
tibial artery, and shattering the lower extremity of the tibia
badly. The ball passed directly through the leg. It is an
exceedingly painful and dangerous wound, but our skillful
surgeons have some hopes of saving the limb, although Gibbs
will no doubt be rendered unfit for military service hereafter.
He refuses to answer any questions pertaining to the affair,
and it is strange indeed what must have been his reasons for
not halting when commanded to do so by the guards. When
fired upon he was about fifteen rods distant from the camp.
Colonel Willard justifies Youmans in the course pursued by
him, as he was acting in obedience to orders, and according
to the regulations. The affair created considerable excite
ment in camp, but through the exertions of our officers all
was again quiet in a short time. The health of this regiment

IN VIRGINIA AGAIN. 65
is fast improving under the watchful care of our surgeons,
and the sick in the hospital are few.
Writing still from Centreville under date of April 13th,
he records:
" We are about to make another move. The Third Brigade,
to which the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth is attached, has
received marching orders ; and a ' general order ' was pub
lished on dress parade last evening, by our worthy Adjutant,
Lieutenant E. P. Sheldon, requiring the regiment to be in
readiness to march at an early hour this morning. We were
all ready, according to orders, for the forward movement ;
but at this hour (8.30 P. M.), we still remain at this place.
When the march is taken up, the tents of the officers and
men are left behind, and it is very probable that we are about
to see active service. Our destination is unknown, but your
correspondent will take the first opportunity to inform your
readers of the whereabouts and doings of the One Hundred
and Twenty-fifth. A general court-martial convened at Cen
treville on the 3d inst., of which Colonel George L. Willard
was President. Captain S. C. Armstrong, of Company D,
was also a member. The court has been busily engaged for
several days past in th# trial of a member of the Thirty-
ninth New York Volunteers, who is charged with having
murdered a comrade-in-arms of the same regiment. The
crime was committed in their camp at this place some weeks
since. " Quartermaster-Sergeant George W. Jenkins has been pro
moted to be Quartermaster of the One Hundred and Twenty-
fifth, vice L. Chandler Ball, promoted to paymaster in the
regular army. During the short time Mr. Jenkins has been
officiating as Quartermaster, he has shown himself to be fully
competent in every respect to discharge the arduous duties
of the position, and has also given perfect satisfaction to both
officers and men. He was warmly recommended for the
appointment to Governor Seymour by every officer in the
regiment. The wants of the men are in the best of hands,
and a more satisfactory appointment could not be made.

66 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. V. S. VOLS.
A regimental inspection and muster was had on Saturday
morning last. The strength of the regiment is about 700 —
including the officers. The battalion made a splendid ap
pearance, and was highly complimented by every person who
witnessed the inspection. In the evening, we were all recip
ients of a serenade from the brigade brass band, which very
generously tendered their services at our dress parade. After
discoursing some fine music, they returned to headquarters.
Our drum corps is daily improving, and promises to be one
•of the best in the service.

LIEUTENANT GEORGE W. JENKINS, QUARTERMASTER.
" Second Lieutenant Edward O'Conner, of Company B, has
been promoted to be First Lieutenant of Company I, vice
Buchanan, resigned ; and First Sergeant Donald Gillies, of
Company I, to be Second Lieutenant of Company B, vice
O'Conner promoted. These promotions were deserved ones,
and the gentlemen appointed are fully qualified for their
positions. William D. Durkin, of Company C, has been
appointed Hospital Steward, vice F. A. Morey, promoted to
Sergeant-Major. The selection was a good one.
"Captain Vandenburgh, of Company K, who has been ab
sent from the regiment for some time, owing to ill-health, has
rejoined the command of his company, much to the general

IN VIRGINIA AGAIN 67
satisfaction of the regiment — he being a well-disciplined and
genial officer. During Captain Vandenburgh's absence, and
the sickness of Lieutenants Pickett and Churchill, the
command of Company K has been in the efficient care of
Lieutenant Quay, of Company A.
The following graphic letter was written by Rev. J. S.
Lemon, a brother of Captain George E. Lemon, under date
of April 22d, '63, at Centreville, Va. :
" I am becoming decidedly pleased with this portion of
Virginia. We have had some pleasant weather since I arrived
and thus I have had some opportunity to acquaint myself in
part with the locality. Captain Lemon being officer of out
post, it was his duty to visit each picket station once during
the night. I accompanied him, and in this manner greatly
familiarized myself with the neighborhood of Centreville.
Captain Lemon had a horse, and ex-officio Lieutenant W. K.
Newcomb, who as chief of the ambulance corps on General
Abercrombie's staff, controls the disposition of about two
hundred horses, kindly furnished me one. The line picketed
by the Third Brigade, in which is the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth, extends about five miles. We visited each post
on the entire line — that is, from Blackburn's Ford on the left
to the Stone Mill road on the right. I have perfect confi
dence in our pickets. They are becoming very vigilant and
critical. It seems almost an actual impossibility to pass these
without complying with the conditions. The men are now
well trained and for the most part understand their duty.
Another fact is evident. They do not hesitate to perform it.
They do not fear to shoot. They seem rather to be fast to
let fire. This is so true that in several instances our own
men have been imperiled. It is exceedingly dangerous to
tempt them. An attempt to pass, especially our outpost
guard, is no proof of bravery, but rather of foolhardiness.
There are several reasons for this : first they have been so
often deceived by rebel intruders and even our own men that
they see near the line ; second they are ordered to shoot any
one who does not halt when thus demanded three times.

68 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Should the wind be blowing in a contrary direction, or some
other contingency occur, a man might be forthwith shot ;
third, there are some men who are exceedingly ambitious to
rise. Faithfulness in military duty is of the greatest import
ance to a soldier in the way of promotion. Many men would
seek such a reputation, though it might not be by the most
legitimate means. A man of this character might not be
specially careful to raise his voice to the highest key when
giving the warning word ' halt.' A halt, expressed for the
third time with a suppressed voice, not meeting with imme
diate response on the part of the intruder, he might be either
shot dead or wounded ; fourth, there are many Germans,
French and other foreigners in our army. An officer will go
forth to instruct these as to picket duty. They will say,
'yes, yes,' and act as though they understood it fully. But
when a man approaches the line they are as apt to shoot him
and to shout afterwards, as to do the reverse ; fifth, another
reason is the punishment and reproach attending them should
they allow anyone to pass without doing so properly. A
faithful picket is one of the best style of soldier, and is well
worthy our praise and sympathy. Through the long hours
of the night — far from the bright and cherished home circle,
and on the very border of a land infested with murderers
and rebels — drenched with rain and still facing the storm —
he patrols, gun in hand, to protect his friends and to warn
the camp of the approach of the enemy.
" At a later time in the spring one could much more enjoy
visiting in this part. The scenery is very fine. The country
is quite hilly but not too much so to render it pleasant. One
in driving with a team or on horseback, is not at all troubled
with bars, gates or fences. Nothing of the kind is seen in
this locality. Look as far as we are able, no fence appears.
Earthworks are thrown up all about us. Rifle-pits extend
for miles. All manner of temporary fortifications are num
erous. The forts constructed here are evidence of good
skill. This is true both as to the forts themselves and their
relative position to each other. As is well known, these were

IN VIRGINIA AGAIN. 69
prepared by the rebels and for very wise reasons evacuated.
It was in these that the celebrated Quaker guns were found.
Near by are the remains of a railroad which was being con
structed for the conveyance of supplies from Richmond for
their soldiers in this section. Parts of a corduroy road also
exist. On every hillside are skeletons of horses, cattle, and,
at a little distance in the Bull Run section, even of human
beings. Evidence of the horrors of war strike one on every
side. Discharged bullets and shells are picked up in every
walk. Bent-up bayonets, gun-locks, barrels, rods, etc., knap
sacks and cartridge-boxes, and numerous other war utensils,
strew the ground. I here give but an idea of what meets
one as he goes forth from our encampment."

CHAPTER VI.
CENTREVILLE — CONTINUED.
~|\ /TUCH space is purposely given in this regimental history
-*-*¦*¦ to its early experiences. In the history of but few reg
iments can the many-sided nature of army life in time of war
be more fully seen than in the records of the One Hundred
and Twenty-fifth. While yet in crude shape the regiment
was cast into the furnace of a disaster for whose hot shame it
was in no way or degree responsible. Then it was poured, in
unsolidified form into a parole camp whose whole atmosphere
tended to divide rather than to unite. Feeling still the heat
of its former trial, it was sent anew to the front ; and amid
hardships and changes and masterly training it was moulded
into a model regiment of intelligent, disciplined and brave-
spirited soldiers, ready for hardest service in actual conflict.
Rev. J. S. Lemon, a visitor to the regiment, a letter from
whom appears in the last chapter, in writing again to the
Troy Times from Centreville, described in highest terms of
commendation the discipline and general good character of
the regiment. He had made careful inquiry among the men
of the motives which had brought them into the service, and
learned by mingling with them of their present spirit, and
extolled their patriotism and predicted for the regiment a fu
ture of most honorable service, a prediction which was fully
realized. On Monday, the 27th of April, the regiment, with the ex
ception of Companies A and E, was called upon to march to
Ox-road Junction, near the old Chantilly battle-field. Lieu
tenant-Colonel Crandell was in command. Two regiments
of cavalry and two pieces of artillery were already on the

IN CAMP AT CENTREVILLE 7 1
ground. Our lines were threatened. The danger passing,
after four days the regiment returned to its former camp,
reaching this about eleven o'clock Friday morning, May 1st.
On the early nights of May — from the ist to the 5th — was
to be seen by us from the heights of Centreville the flash on
the southern horizon of the guns of Chancellorsville, whose
work ceased not with the oncoming of the darkness. Then
was occurring that magnificently planned, but miserably exe
cuted campaign, in which was dimmed in blood another name,
which from star of first magnitude faded to its true propor
tions as star of second magnitude. The brilliant Hooker, who,
before and afterwards, displayed, as division or corps com
mander, most commendable qualities, proved, like Burnside,
unequal to the direction in time of action of so vast an ar
my as the Army of the Potomac. After the first able move,
to left and right, across the Rappahannock, followed gravest
indecision ; a grand position towards Fredericksburg is re
linquished, high ground is given up for low ground, provo
king the earnest Meade to exclaim : " My God, if we cannot
hold the top of a hill, we certainly cannot hold the bottom
of it !" The right of the Union line hangs " in air," two mag
nificent army corps are allowed to remain inactive, ammu
nition is permitted to be exhausted, with a petulant neglect
to replenish the empty cartridge-boxes ; and Chancellorsville
is named a Confederate victoiy, despite the Union forces
were at least two to one of the Confederates. True, some
grand fighting was done by the Union army, yet this suffered
a miserable defeat.
But General Lee and the Confederacy lost the equivalent
of an army at Chancellorsville when they lost " Stonewall "
Jackson, the most brilliant of all the rebel generals. He
displayed the qualities of a Napoleon. He was in " dead
earnest." He took largest risks to gain a vital point, and
he generally succeeded. Other rebel generals attempted feats
like those of Jackson, but they failed. His loss was irrepar
able to the rebel forces, and his death was a large gain to the
Union cause. For the death of Jackson the loss of Chan-

72 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
cellorsville might well be sustained. That battle really dates
the decision at Washington for the removal of General
Hooker. It was only a question of the proper time to make
the change. The purpose was firm that he should not lead
the army in another general engagement.
An event of importance to our regiment was the return
from special duty of Colonel Willard. His high soldierly
ideas, gained through years of honorable service, were not at
first appreciated by men whose life-thoughts had been those
of citizens. But the leadership of Lieutenant-Colonel Cran
dell, during the months of Colonel Willard's absence, had
prepared them to appreciate all that is noble in a soldier's
bearing ; and when Colonel Willard again laid his hand on
the regiment he found material plastic and ready for his far
ther moulding. He found men in whom he could take a just
pride, and whose interests became one with his own, and who
thrilled at his touch with an admiration which survives all
these years. The officers of the regiment extended to him
tokens of their good-will, and the men became lavish in their
expressions of confidence and affection. On his part, kind
ness with firmest discipline and utmost care for their welfare
were manifested. The regiment now reached an unsurpassed
condition of soldierly bearing and fidelity to duty.
During the month of May, Private Henry B. Beebe of
B Company was appointed quartermaster-sergeant, and Ser
geant David E. White of E Company was promoted to
commissary-sergeant. Lieutenant Joseph Hyde was ap
pointed brigade-inspector on General Alexander Hays' staff,
in which position he was soon called upon to render valuable
service on the field of battle. Private George L. Wallace was
made principal musician of the regimental drum corps.
While the regiment was at Centreville, Companies A and
E were detached for a long time and were kept at Accotink
Station, eleven miles from Alexandria, Virginia. They were
employed in guarding wood-choppers and wagon-trains.
Captain E. A. Hartshorn was in command, reporting direct to
General Heintzleman at Washington. Their camp was on

IN CAMP AT CENTREVILLE. 73
the Widow Fitzhugh estate. At one time it was suspected
that General Fitzhugh Lee, a nephew of Mrs. Fitzhugh, had
entered our lines and was in her home. A detachment, under
command of Lieutenant L. H. Crandell, was directed to
search the mansion, and, despite tears and protestations on
the part of Mrs. Fitzhugh, they were compelled to discharge
their duty. But, if the rebel general was in the house,
searching failed to bring him to light.
Our camp at Centreville was on ground occupied by the
rebel army after the first battle of Bull Run. A fort on one
of the hills near by gained its name in a peculiar way. Just
before the first battle of Bull Run quite a number of civilians
came from Washington to witness the fight. They brought
provisions for a good repast. On a hill their dinner, with
wine and champagne, was spread. While they were feasting,
the repulsed Union soldiers came pouring by the place. It
can readily be imagined that the citizen friends joined in the
retreat and were not the last in the line. The rebels coming
up later to the vacated spot, and, finding among other things
the champagne bottles, built a fort in that place and called
it Fort Champagne, a name which it still bore when we were
at Centreville
Major James C. Bush was mustered out at Centreville. He
was a kind officer, whose goodness of heart impressed itself
upon the men. It mattered not who the person might be —
private or officer — that desired help from him, in word or
deed, the person received a kind welcome and a helping hand.
After his retirement from military life, he rendered, in con
nection with the Sanitary Commission, valuable service to our
men. Of this the writer was personally a witness. Captain
A. B. Myer became major in place of Major Bush.
Quartermaster L. Chandler Ball, who left the regiment at
Centreville, having been promoted to major and paymaster,
was a man of decided ability and culture. His age was
against his endurance of the exposures of field-service, yet
he had thus far bravely sustained all hardships ; and, at Har
per's Ferry, in the discharge of his duties, he displayed most

74 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
positive courage ; braving danger in bringing the head-quar
ter wagons from under fire. At one time, after the surrender,
he came suddenly upon a company of rebel officers seated
among some trees. His rapid approach and sudden appear
ance came near costing him his life. Thinking that there
might have been an assault by Union forces, known by them
to be near at hand, the rebels were on the point of firing
upon him ; but he coolly said, "You surely would not shoot
a man moving peacefully in the line- of his duty." Quarter
master Ball did much towards the formation of the regiment,
and during his time, of service with us, he labored hard and
faithfully for its interests. His promotion was a worthy one.
Subsequently, he repeatedly visited the regiment, and his
coming was doubly welcome, as he brought with him the ever
welcome greenback. He is now numbered with the dead.
Chaplain Rev. Joseph Lansing Barlow, who also left the
regiment at Centreville, was a worthy man. He was one who
had fought bravely the battle of life. He was for years a
printer and was connected with the press editorially. He
served in the Gazette office in Danbury, Connecticut. At
one time he tried the life of a sailor, making a trip to British
Guiana in South America, subsequently going on several
whaling trips, ©n the last of these that he made, he was
severely injured by a whale, which caused him to relinquish
a sea-faring life. Returning to a printer's life, he originated
the Bridgeport (Connecticut) Standard. Afterwards he was
editor and half-owner of the Western New Yorker. Later,
he was employed at Bridgeport, Connecticut, where his life
was in peril through disease, recovery from which he attri
butes to direct answer to prayer. In 1850 he started at Deck-
ertown, N. J., the Sussex County Home Journal. Sub
sequently, he edited and published at Port Jervis, N. Y.,
the Mirror of Temperance. He connected with this duty
occasional preaching, to which latter calling he was now be
ing drawn. He rendered true service as preacher and pastor
at Seymour, Connecticut; Montville, Massachusetts; Green
field Center, New York ; Stillwater, New York ; and when

IN CAMP AT CENTREVILLE. 75
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment was forming,
he was pastor of the Baptist church, Lansingburg, New York.
He was a zealous patriot. His voice was heard in defense of
the Union, and he accepted the position of chaplain of the
regiment with the earnest desire of rendering efficient service.
But it was soon manifest that his health was not equal to the
demands of active campaigning, and he resigned his position.
Great success attended his pastorate at Broadalbin, New
York, after his army service. He baptized in one year one
hundred and eleven converts. He has since been settled as
pastor in Illinois, Wisconsin, Connecticut, Canada, and at the
time of this writing is located at Grundy Centre, Iowa.
Among the other officers whom the regiment had thus far
lost by resignation was Captain William Dimond of E Com
pany. He was a brave officer and true man, and was deserv
edly popular in his company. But he was that sort of man
who could not see what use there was for an officer's sword.
A line officer's sword was more ornamental than useful.
Captain Dimond said after Harper's Ferry, that if he could
have a good hickory stick in his hand he could do better ser
vice in battle than with a sword. At a reunion of the regi
ment in Troy, in August, 1887, the writer learned of the re
cent death of Captain Dimond, one of whose last expressed
wishes was that he might have lived to be present at the
first reunion of his old comrades.
Those were golden days of soldiering at Centreville during
the early spring and summer of 1863. The camp was a
model. The location was magnificent — beautiful in itself,
and commanding wide and diversified view of ground at
once attractive in vale and hill and clothed with historic in
terest as already the scene of great struggles. Friends —
wives and other kindred — of officers and men visited the
camp. Among those visitors were Mrs. Crandell, wife of
Lieutenant-Colonel Crandell ; Mrs. Ezra Defreest, who had
two sons in the regiment, members of Company H, and Mrs.
Hartshorn, wife of Captain E. A. Hartshorn.
For the most part, the service at Centreville was the

76 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
poetry of a soldier's life, with all the benefits and but little
of the bane of outdoor life, which in its better features was
truly wholesome. But this order of things was not destined
to continue. When the camp was arranging for the hot
summer weather, events were shaping for the hot work of
actual conflict. General Lee's army had begun another
northward movement and General Hooker's forces were
marching to overtake the rebel army. On the 14th of June
the head of the Army of the Potomac came within the vicin-
tiy of Centreville. The Eleventh and First Army Corps were
soon followed by the Third and Fifth Corps. The entire
army during the following days marched through Centre
ville, officers and banners and men objects of intense curios
ity to us, shaming us, as the old soldiers named us, " bandbox
and white-glove" soldiers, while we envied them as veterans.
But, white gloves were soon to be things of the past, and
the band-box was to be forever laid aside, as we became
parts of that greatest Army of the Republic, the sharers of
its toils, mingling blood with that of its heroes and identified
in honor and destiny with its triumphs.
The campaign, marked by the nearness of that army to
Centreville, dates from June 3d, just one month after Chan
cellorsville was fought. Events of momentous interest were
progressing. A necessity was pressed upon the rebel army
in Virginia to attempt a decisive move. The folly of any
direct attempt on Hooker's forces at Falmouth were appar
ent to every one who has seen the lay of the ground. A bold
stroke was planned. It was aimed at the North and at Wash
ington. The urgency of the need will explain the boldness
of the plan.
On the 19th of May, Vicksburg at the West was fully in
vested by the army of General Grant. In a move surpassing
anything ever attempted by Lee or " Stonewall " Jackson ;
in a campaign which disclosed the super-eminent genius of
General Grant, placing him foremost of all the generals of
the war, on either side, and ranking him with the greatest
captains of all history, he had with inferior numbers fought
and won, in quick succession, five battles ; striking in front

IN CAMP AT CENTREVILLE. JJ
Port Gibson and at Raymond ; to right, at Jackson ; and to
left, at Champion's Hill, and the Big Black, until he had
hemmed a large hostile army into a position where, with
bull-dog tenacity, he was choking out its life.
That move below Vicksburg — made against judgment of
President Lincoln, against counsel of General W. T. Sher
man (next to Grant the greatest of the Union generals), made
against all regular laws of military operations ; made without
awaiting for scarcely anything deemed necessary to success
in warfare — that move was threatening full triumph in the
capture of an entire army, when General Lee took up his
northward march. That alone had been sufficient reason for
a sharp, aggressive, counteracting measure on his part who
was never lacking in courage and skill to meet any emergency
arising in the rebel cause.
But, added to the reason given were other considerations
of great weight. The Union army had been depleted by the
expiration of the term of service of many of its number.
There was a restlessness at the North, a partisan disposition
to resist the national war policy — a disposition which did
soon break forth in riot, notably in the city of New York.
France and England were manifestly anxious to recognize
the Southern Confederacy. The former nation had abetted
Maximilian in his Mexican operations, now in full tide of
success. Swinton, in one of his works, makes the credible
statement, that it was understood between the South and
Europe, that " If Lee, after the astonishing successes he had
achieved on the soil of Virginia, should carry his army into
the North, and there make a lodgment promising some de
gree of permanence, the South would receive the long-
coveted boon of foreign recognition." Mr. Pollard, a South
ern writer, records that " the conjuncture which had been
reached was the most critical of the war." All these con
siderations entered into the rebel invasion of the North, one
of the most daring of all their plans, and the most fatal to
them of all their campaigns.
It is not the least part of the glory of the One Hundred

7§

ONE P1UNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. V. S. VOLS.

and Twenty-fifth Regiment, that it had part, at most critical
moments, in inflicting an overwhelming defeat upon a defiant
foe. When wc were ready to leave Centreville to join the Army
of the Potomac, Captain George E. Lemon was directed to
remain with his company at the old camp with instructions
to destroy all government stores which had accumulated at
Centreville, when the rebel forces should reach Union Mills ;
and then to follow and rejoin the regiment. The task was
left in faithful hands, and the torch was made at proper
moment to do its work effectually.

CAPTAIN WILLIAM D. TAYLOR.
Lieutenant (afterwards Captain) William D. Taylor had an
e.xciting experience about this time. He was detached, June
20th, 1863, to command the ambulance train of Abercrom-
bie's Division, Twenty-second Army Corps, and was ordered
to Alexandria, Virginia, with part of the train. While he
was at this place, the Division left Centreville. He was then
ordered to Washington, and, after a few days, was directed
to report at Edward's Ferry, where the army was expected

IN CAMP AT CENTREVILLE. 79
to cross that day, June 28th. Then occurred an incident which
would have tried the nerve of any soldier. While on his
way to Edward's Ferry he ran into the rebel cavalry on their
wide detour around the Union army in that exploit which
cost the rebels so dearly in their subsequent operations in
Pennsylvania. He was captured about ten miles from Wash
ington, on the road to Rockville, Maryland. The rebels
reached no point nearer the Capital during the entire war than
at the time of Captain Taylor's capture. Immediately after
he was made a prisoner, he was met by General J. E. B.
Stuart, in command of the cavalry expedition. This general
drew his navy revolver, cocked it, and placing the muzzle
less than two feet from Captain Taylor's face, threatened
to shoot him on the spot if he failed to give true answers to
any questions asked him. The rebel general then questioned
him of the distance to Washington ; as to how many Union
troops were within and outside the fortifications, and plied
him at many other points of value. The captain will allow
that he was a little shaky as he looked into the black mouth
of that revolver, but he thinks that he forgot to tell all he
knew. Certainly General Stuart, while expressing the judg
ment that Captain Taylor had over-estimated the number of
Union forces at hand, gave up any attempt to enter Washing
ton. Captain Taylor was taken to Rockville, Md., and was
paroled that night with about one hundred and fifty other
officers and enlisted men. He returned to Washington the
next day, tramping about twenty miles. He remained in
Washington until the latter part of August, when he rejoined
the regiment at Elk Run ; but, not having been "exchanged,"
he did not assume command of D Company until early in
October. Another of the efficient officers of the regiment in its early
history, was Captain E. A. Hartshorn. He was prostrated
with fever before we left camp. He was moved first to an
improvised hospital in Centreville, thence was hurried to the
officers' hospital at Georgetown, and, while he was able sub
sequently to return to the regiment, his health had become

So

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

so impaired that he was compelled to resign, and was hon
orably discharged on surgeon's certificate of disability.
Previous to the war Captain Hartshorn displayed at an early
age unusual intellectual ability. When only nineteen years
of age he was a successful teacher. The war developed his
earnest patriotism. On the ioth of July, 1862, he received
recruiting orders from Governor E. D. Morgan, and entered
with great zest upon the work of enlisting a company, being

S. CbJ^a4^dJurrH,%

THEN. NOW.
CAPTAIN E. A. HARTSHORN.
seconded in his efforts by Honorable Martin I. Townsend
and other prominent citizens of Troy. He enlisted the first
men for the regiment then forming. His promotion from
lieutenant to captain was cordially favored by Colonel George
L. Willard, who wrote to General Hillhouse as follows : " A
sense of justice governs me in this recommendation. It is
due to Lieutenant Hartshorn to say that his energy and zeal
in the performance of his duties since the organization of the
regiment, and particularly during the very trying march from
Harper's Ferry to Annapolis, command my unqualified ap-

IN CAMP AT CENTREVILLE. 8 1
probation. He is the senior first lieutenant in the regiment
and worthy of the promotion, and I hope he will receive it."
Since the war he has been a resident chiefly in Troy, New
York, and engaged in the flax-spinning business. He is at
the present writing a member of John A. Griswold Post 338,
G. A. R., an active member of the State street M. E. Church,
and connected with the famous Troy Praying Band. He is
a trustee of the Round Lake Association, and one of the
managers of the American Protective Tariff League, a
National organization for the protection of the industries of
the country. He has written several books in defense of the

CHAPLAIN JOSEPH L. BARLOW.
protective system, entitled " Wages, Living, and Tariff " and
" Industrial Miscellany."
The regiment had lost up to the last of June, 1863, a dis-
couragingly large number of its original roll of officers.
But, the loss was compensated for by the excellent material
promoted from the ranks, and coming through outside ap
pointment. Including those already mentioned, from us had
gone, in various ways, Major James C. Bush, Quartermaster
L. C. Ball, Chaplain Joseph L. Barlow, Assistant-Surgeon
Abijah G. Benedict, Captains Dudley E. Cornell, F. C. Es-

82 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
mond, Wm. Dimond and J. V. W. Vandenburgh; Lieuten
ants Charles H. Taylor, Calvin Bush, Archibald Buchanan,
Charles A. Pickett, David Comiskey, Patrick Carden (who is
now a Presbyterian clergyman, and is located in California,)
Egbert Jolls, David Hagadorn, Edward Fink and McGregor
Steele. Most of the men who were promoted to fill vacan
cies proved to be brave, competent men ; and the two who
came to the regiment by outside appointment — Benjamin R.

LIEUTENANT DAVID HAGADORN.

Townsend and Egbert B. Hull, made a most commendable
record — the latter of the two laying down his life for his
country. These two, as well as other officers, will be further
noticed. It is due to one who left the regiment " under a cloud "
that the record should be brightened by facts subsequently
made plain. The officer, to whom Colonel George L. Wil
lard was a true friend, was Captain John Van Wort Vanden-
burg, who, of all our officers, excepting Colonel Willard and

IN CA.MP AT CENTREVILLE. 83
Lieutenant-Colonel Crandell, was, at the outset of the regi
ment's history, best versed in military affairs. Born at
Schuylerville, New York, March 25, 1833, and granted the
opportunity of acquiring a fair education ; then learning the
carpenter's trade and becoming a master-builder ; subse
quently entering the hardware business ; he, in addition,
became — even before the war, interested in military affairs,
and organized in 1856 a company which he named "The
Black Plumed Rifles." In 1858 this company was reorgan
ized and called "The Ellsworth Zouaves." Captain Van-
denburgh was drilled by the celebrated Colonel E. E.

CArTAIN WILLIAM DIMOND,
Ellsworth, and was considered at the time the best drilled
officer in the New York State Militia. In the month of July,
1862, he gave up his hardware business and in ten days
enlisted a company of one hundred men for the war. This
company became K Company of the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth Regiment. He was with the regiment at
Martinsburg, Harper's Ferry, on the march to Annapolis, in
its transfer to Chicago, and return to Washington, D. C. On
December 23d, he was granted a sick-leave for thirty days.
At Stillwater, N. Y., he received a furlough on doctor's cer-

84 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
tificate for twenty days, which was renewed for twenty days
more. This last extension he claimed was lost in the mails.
Returning to Washington, still sick, he reported at General
Hospital, and was placed on detached duty. While on such
duty he was dismissed the service for " absence without
leave." After vexatious delays, upon a hearing, his disability
was removed by special order of the President, dated Sep
tember 25 th, 1863 ; and he was re-commissioned captain, and
subsequently was promoted to be major, but did not muster.
Later he was appointed A. A. Q. M., by President Lincoln,
with pay and emoluments of a major of cavalry. Later still,
he was associated with Major-General O. O. Howard in the
" Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands,"
remaining in this service until April, 1868. He then entered
upon the business of a contractor, in Washington, D. C. He
still continues in this occupation, having served also for years
as senior aid, with rank of colonel, on the staff of Henry D.
Cook, while Governor of the District of Columbia.

CHAPTER VII.
GETTYSBURG — FIRST DAY.
A FTER Centreville, the regiment entered upon its history
Jr*~ of conflicts to be continued to the end of the war.
The order to march was published on the 24th of June.
The next day we broke camp and joined the Second Army
Corps at Gum Springs, Virginia. The One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth Regiment, with the Thirty-ninth, One Hundred
and Eleventh, and One Hundred and Twenty-sixth New
York Volunteers, stationed together at Centreville, now

liADGE OF SECOND ARMY CORPS.
formed the Third Division, Second Army Corps. General
Walker, in his History of the Second Corps, writing of the
bivouac of the corps at Gum Springs, records :
" Here joined, for the first time, a body of troops destined
to bear a conspicuous share in all the future labors and
dangers of the Second Corps, from the fast approaching
conflict on the bloody slopes of Gettysburg to the final
triumph of April, 1865. This was the brigade commanded

86 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

by the dashing Alexander Hays, General Hays had been
colonel of the Sixty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, and, as
such, had greatly distinguished himself on the Peninsula."
" On joining the Second Corps, Hays took command of the
Third Division, the conduct of his brigade devolving upon
Colonel Willard." Lieutenant-Colonel Crandell was now
placed in full command of the regiment.

MARCH OF THE UNION ARMY TO GETTYSBURG.
On Friday, June 26th, we crossed the Potomac at Edward's
Ferry and went into camp the next morning. From thence
we marched, June 27th, to Sugar Loaf Mountain, Maryland,
and here bivouacked for the night. Sunday night, the 28th,
found us at Monocacy. On Monday, June 29th, we made
one of the severest marches of our entire term of service.
The army seldom made a longer march in a single day : from
Monocacy to Liberty — to Johnsville — to Union Bridge — to
Uniontown, Maryland, a distance of thirty-three miles.

GETTYSBURG.

87

There was no halting for meals. No coffee was cooked that
day. Ere the camp was reached men fell out on the way by
hundreds. When far into the night the head of the column
halted at the appointed place, only a handful lay down to
rest — to sleep, regardless of the rain which fell on our uncov
ered faces. The next day was devoted to rest and to
mustering the corps.
Another day's march, via Taneytown, brought us within a
short distance of Gettysburg. While halted for the night of
July ist, some of us learned for the first time of the new

GENERAL GEORGE G. MEADE.

change of army commanders. A strange report was circu
lated, that General McClellan was again at the head of the
army. This proved a mistake. A better than he had been
advanced to a position which he retained with credit to him
self and advantage to the army and honor to the country, to
the close of the war. He possessed the quiet and steadfast
confidence of the men throughout all of his leadership. The
transfer of command from General Hooker to General George
G. Meade took place on the 28th of June.
It is not needful to trace the steps of General Lee in all his
movements, which brought a part of his force as far north
and east as Carlisle and York. He was preparing to cross

88 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
the Susquehanna at Harrisburg, where, in waiting to meet
the threatened advance, was, among other troops, the 23d
New York Militia. The rebel cavalry had been sent on a
flying expedition around the Union rear. It wrought some
mischief, capturing — as we have seen — Captain William D.
Taylor of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, seizing prop
erty, encountering the Union cavalry, under Kilpatrick, at
Hanover ; but, depriving General Lee of most valuable aid.
This general, learning of the crossing of the Potomac by the
Union army, changed his plans, and ordered an immediate
concentration of his forces at Gettysburg. The larger part
of his army was within easy march of this place.
The Army of the Potomac, as it rested the night before
one of the greatest of its many important battles, was well
placed, in view of the defensive purpose it was serving, but
not in good shape for a battle at Gettysburg. It was arranged
to cover Baltimore and Washington, being spread out in fan
like form, with the handle at the Capital. The defensive
policy principally ruled.
On the morning of July 1st, the rebel army was in near
vicinity of Gettysburg. The Union army was widely
separated. The First Corps was at Marsh Run, on the
Emmettsburg road, four miles from Gettysburg. The Elev
enth Corps was at Emmettsburg ; the Twelfth, at Littlestown ;
the Fifth, at Union Mills ; the Second, at Uniontown ; and
the Third, at Bridgeport ; while the Sixth was at Manchester,
thirty-four miles distant. Meade was at Taneytown. The
line, described by the position of our troops had a base-line
of some twenty-five miles. Our army was divided into seven
corps ; the rebel army, into three. Only three of our seven
corps were in easy reach of Gettysburg ; and, only one close
enough to dispute the immediate occupation of the place by
the enemy.
It is very difficult to determine the number of the forces
on either side, at the opening of the great crisis battle of the
war. The Count of Paris, an outside judge, gives the Army
of the Potomac 82,000 men and 300 guns ; the Army of

GETTYSBURG.

Northern Virginia 73,000 men and 190 guns. In the battle,
at the time of severest cannonading, only 80 Union guns
were brought to bear upon the enemy, against 138 used by
the latter. The lay of the ground favored a larger use of
artillery on their part. General Plenty J. Hunt writes that :

a>SHARRISBURG

BHIPPOreBURG.

ORAMULRUBURQ

POSITION <>V TIIIp ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, JULY 1.
"The last Confederate return was for May 31st, showing
' Present for duty, under arms,' 59,484, infantry. The morn
ing report of the Army of the Potomac for June 30th, shows
' Present for duty, equipped,' 77,208, infantry. Neither
return is worth much except as a basis for guessing. The long
marches, followed by the forced ones of July 1-2, of the
Army of the Potomac, left thousands of stragglers on the

90 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
roads. These totals are of little importance ; they would
have been of some significance had the larger army been de
feated ; but it was not. At the ' points of contact ' the Con
federates were almost always the stronger."
Neither did General Lee nor General Meade purpose at
the outset to join battle at Gettysburg. This was forced
upon them by unforseen conditions. General Meade had al
ready contemplated and in part arranged for a defensive line
at Pipe Creek, some fifteen miles southeast of Gettysburg.
General Lee, in his official report, declared : " It had not
been intended to fight a general battle at such a distance
from our base ; but finding ourselves unexpectedly con
fronted by the Federal army, it became a matter of diffi
culty to withdraw through the mountains with our large
trains. A battle thus became in a measure unavoidable."
The whole plan of his movement northward, while offensive
in general, was designed to be defensive.
Yet the field which became honored as but few fields have
been honored, as the scene of a great historic struggle, was
peculiarly fitted for a great battle. Some one has remarked
that Providence seems to have shaped the ground for a great,
decisive struggle. Certainly the finger of Providence pointed
to it ; and His plan, not man's purpose, was carried out, in
here bringing together the opposing forces. The first man
who formed a definite purpose and took decisive action that
compelled the fight at Gettysburg, was General Pleasanton,
in command of the Union Cavalry. With his purpose con
curred General John F. Reynolds, in command of the First
Corps — one of the ablest and bravest of the Union officers.
He determined to bring on a battle by seeking to hold the
place. The field of operations may well be described. There
are three roads, from a southerly direction, centering at Get
tysburg. The most easterly of the three is Baltimore pike;
the most westerly, the Emmetsburg road ; and between the
two, running due north, is the Taneytown road. As they
converge at Gettysburg they form a wedge-shaped line, with

GETTYSBURG.

91

the Taneytown road running through the centre of the
wedge. These roads were in our possession ; the Emmetts
burg and the Taneytown forming our line of approach. Ap
proaching Gettysburg from the west, northwest, north, and
northeast, are — in the above order — Fairfield road and
Chambersburg pike, Mummasburg road, Carlisle road, and
York pike. These roads were occupied by the rebels. There

UNION POSITION AT GETTYSBURG.
are two streams of water, one to the east and the other to
the west : the former called Rock Creek, and the other Wil-
loughby Run. These two streams bounded almost the en
tire field of battle. Moving up the Taneytown road, to the
left, on the west, are Big Round Top and Little Round Top.
Reaching Cemetery Hill, on a continuance of the Taneytown
road, one looks down on Gettysburg — to the north. To the
right and east of Cemetery Hill lies Culp's Hill. Turning

92 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
the face to the left and west is to be seen the wooded knoll
known as Seminary Ridge, at the northern part of which is
the Lutheran Seminary, after which the ridge is named.
This ridge is distant from Cemetery Hill about a mile. Be
yond Seminary Ridge, to the west, is still another known
as McPherson Ridge, which passes and slopes, to the left of
Chambersburg pike, through woods to a secondary ridge
which descends to Willoughby Run. Running parallel with
Chambersburg pike — and to the right of this — was then an
unfinished railroad cut. Returning to Cemetery Hill, and
turning the face southward, with back to Gettysburg; can be
seen the Round Tops, passed in moving along the Taney
town road. Drawing a line from the Round Tops to Cem
etery Hill, a distance of three miles, and we have the shaft of
a fishhook ; continuing the line around Cemetery Hill on
ward and around Culp's Hill and a complete fishhook is de
scribed, in the rear of the extreme point of which and at a
short distance is Powers' Hill. The entire line from the
Round Tops around to the extreme point of Culp's Hill is
about four miles long. This was for the most part the main
Union line on the second and third days of the battle. The
Emmettsburg road runs in an oblique direction, between
Seminary Ridge and the shaft of the fishhook, nearing Cem
etery Hill as it nears Gettysburg; and the road rests on
ground somewhat elevated above that part of the Union
line which ran between the Round Tops and Cemetery Hill.
The low ground of the Union line was its one weak part.
Not surprising is it that a zealous dispute should have
continued through a score of years as to the chief honor of
selecting such a field for the Union army. Congress cast
into General O. O. Howard's scales its understanding of the
merit, in a resolution of thanks tendered that Christian
soldier. He relates that when he reached the field and
glanced over it, he voiced his purpose in these words : " God
helping us, we will stay here till the army comes.'' Being in
advance of Lis corps, he rode with his staff to Cemetery Hill
and was impressed at once with the advantage of this posi-

GETTYSBURG. 93
tion; and, turning to the corps' adjutant, he remarked:
"This seems to be a good position, Colonel," to which the
response was made :
" It is the only position, General."
But President Lincoln when approached on the subject of
the chief honor of selecting the field, dismissed it with char
acteristic words : " There is glory enough to go all around."
Coming now directly to the battle: on the night of June
30th, General Pleasanton led his cavalry through Gettysburg,
to the west, out on the Chambersburg pike towards Cash-
town. General Buford's men were in the advance. Between
eight and nine o'clock of Wednesday, July ist, 1863, Heth's
Division of Hill's Corps of the rebel army, on the Chambers
burg pike, took up the line of march for Gettysburg. But
it found itself confronted by a line of skirmishers, a mile or
more beyond Gettysburg. Three Union signal guns sounded
the order to the skirmishers to commence firing, and the
battle was fairly opened. The enemy immediately formed
in double line of battle with a two'brigade front. The Union
videttes were driven back to Willoughby Run, where, on a
ridge to the east of the Run, the cavalry were dismounted.
The fighting of the first day was destined to take place
beyond Gettysburg — to west and north and outside of what
has been already described as the line for the second and
third day. Between one and two hours the struggle con
tinues between a part of our cavalry force — consisting at this
point of a single brigade 'against the advancing lines and
column of the Confederate army. General Buford becomes
anxious. He makes his way to the Lutheran Seminary in
his rear, and ascends the cupola (a place which the visitor
now seeking a view of the field will not fail to visit, if the
writer's advice is heeded,) to see whether our infantry are
near. While there he was joined by General Reynolds, who,
at the sound of firing, has hurried forward in advance of his
corps ; and who, with Buford, now makes a quick survey of
the ground. The one brigade of cavalry is being pressed
back ; the other brigade has been posted to the north to

94 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS-
cover the approach of the town against the rebels advancing
from that direction. General Doubleday has been placed by
General Reynolds in command of the First Corps while he
assumes the general direction of the forces.
The advance of the First Corps now hurries up the
Emmettsburg road, and from column is brought by the left
flank into line of battle and presses through the woods and
over Seminary Ridge, and is placed to left and right of the
Chambersburg road, with a battery on the road. The first
infantry blows are now struck. The rebels advanced with
Archer's brigade to the right (advancing) of the Chambers
burg pike, and Davis' brigade to the left, supported by two
other brigades. On our right the Union forces are struck in
front and flank and give way ; but only momentarily, for the
rebel force at this point now occupying the railroad-cut is in
turn assailed by our troops, changing front for the purpose,
and bringing a force on their left flank in the cut : thus
driving Davis from the field with a loss of all of his field-
officers save two, and a large part of his men in killed,
wounded and captured. The first stage of the battle was on
the Union side.
Archer's men had crossed Willoughby Run and were now
through the woods on the McPherson Ridge. General Rey
nolds saw the importance of the position and rode forward
to direct and inspire the men ; and while looking back to
note their advance and pointing toward the ground to be ta
ken a rebel bullet pierced his brain and he fell dead to the
ground. Meredith's Iron Brigade pressed to the assault, and
struck Archer's brigade in flank and front, routiug this and
capturing its commander with a large part of his force, and
driving the remainder across Willoughby Run. The second
point scored was on the Union side.
Wadsworth's small division had rendered most gallant ser
vice. For the time the front was cleared' and the Union
troops formed on McPherson Ridge and in the woods ; while
the rebels formed on the ground west of Willoughby Run,
and largely south of Chambersburg pike, placing in position

GETTYSBURG. 95
nine batteries and arranging a double line formed of Heth's
and Pender's divisions. The assault on their part was to be
renewed. On our side, at this time, were only four small
infantry brigades. On their side were present eight large
brigades, with other forces near at hand. But there was no
disposition on the part of the Union forces to give way.
Colonel Roy Stone, one of our brigade commanders, voiced
the sentiments of our men in the memorable words : " We
have come to stay." The next advance of the rebels was
meant to be decisive.
The remaining two divisions, of two brigades each, of the
First Corps, arrived on the field at eleven o'clock. One
division was thrown to the front, and Robinson's division
was halted near Seminary Ridge. About noon, General
Howard rode upon the ground ; and, learning of General
Reynold's death, he, as ranking officer, assumed general
direction, placing General Carl Schurz in command of the
Eleventh Corps. At 12.45 p- M- the heac- of the Eleventh
Corps entered Gettysburg, and the rear of the column was
on hand an hour later. Two divisions were made to prolong
the line to the right of the First Corps, while the other
division, under Steinwehr, with two batteries, was placed
on Cemetery Hill.
Buford now reported that Ewell's forces were approaching
from the north. Shimmelpfennig's and Barlow's divisions of
the Eleventh Corps — together only 6000 strong — were placed
in the open field in a long, thin line, leaving a break between
this Corps and the First, the open space being protected by
two batteries. Ewell's men, under Rodes, advancing along
either side of the prolongation of Seminary Ridge, occupied
Oak Hill, which commanded the line of the First Corps.
An artillery fire was opened at once on the Union line, that
caused a withdrawal of a part of this to Seminary Ridge.
The movements of the Union troops, rendered necessary by
the new emergency, led to an assault by a portion of Rodes'
forces occupying Oak Hill ; with the result, that the rebels
lost five hundred men killed and wounded, and three of their

96 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
regiments — aggregating a thousand men — with their colors
were captured. This occurred at 2.30 P. M. The third point
in the battle was favorable to the Union troops.
While the fighting was in progress, one of the citizens of
Gettysburg, an old man seventy years of age, by the name of
John L. Burns, approached Colonel Wistar and volunteered
to fight. The Colonel sought to persuade him to fight

JOHN L. BURNS.
apart from the men, but he insisted on joining the ranks ; and
in the height of the battle he was wounded in three places,
but survived, to be honored for his patriotism and valor.
At four o'clock the rebel line was strong to west of Wil
loughby Run, overlapping for a long distance our left flank.
It extended in force across the prolongation of Seminary
Ridge at Oak Hill; and swept northward and eastward,

GETTYSBURG.

97

where was now Early's division of Ewell's Corps, that had
hastened forward on the York road. Two-thirds of the rebel
army was present in force against less than one-fourth of the
Union army. To left and right, the thin Union line was
outflanked, and its centre was open, save as two batteries of
artillery covered with their fire the ground.
Now followed a general assault by the rebels. The fight
ing was desperate. Stubbornly did our forces contest the
ground, but were compelled to give way. On the right
General Barlow was severely wounded ; and the Eleventh
Corps falls back — not in a panic-stricken rout as at Chancel
lorsville. They are pressed into the streets of Gettysburg,

GENERAL W. S. HANCOCK.
where they are taken in flank and a large number are cap
tured. The First Corps, on the left, yields reluctantly its
last position on Seminary Ridge, and then, in good order,
reaches Cemetery Hill : while the Union cavalry — under
General Buford — plant themselves at this point in solid
phalanx on the open field between the two lines. In illus
tration of the manner of the falling back is the fact, that only
one gun was lost by the First Corps ; and only one, a disa
bled piece, by the Eleventh.
At half-past four o'clock General W. S. Hancock, Com
mander of the Second Corps, rode upon the field. He had

98 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
been sent forward by General Meade, when the word of
fighting at Gettysburg reached him at Taneytown, to assume
charge of the forces at the front, and to report to Army
Headquarters of the advisability of fighting a general battle
on the ground occupied by our men at Gettysburg. The
Union troops were in retreat to Cemetery Hill when General
Hancock appeared on the scene. Some of the men were
hurrying back along the Baltimore pike. But it was not a
panic that greeted him. The men were soon in good line.
A part of the Twelfth Corps, reaching the front, was sent to
the right to Culp's Hill. It was a masterly and timely stroke.
For against that point Ewell's forces were moving, with the
direction, but not the positive orders, of General Lee to
occupy it. Ewell, finding the Union forces in position,
failed to assault.
That was undoubtedly the first fatal mistake made by the
rebels in the battle. So small was our force after the losses
of the day, which had embraced nearly two-thirds of the six
teen thousand Union troops, leaving only about six thousand
all told, that, if Lee had followed up the success of his last
assault (which he had personally witnessed) the result is
scarcely doubtful. General Lee gives as the reason why he
did not order Ewell to follow up the success of the day, that
from prisoners he had learned of the approach of the Army
of the Potomac, and so only directed, but did not command,
that Culp's Hill be occupied. Pollard, a Southern writer,
declares this to have been " the fatal mistake of the cam
paign." By six o'clock the larger part of the Third Corps
and all of the Twelfth Corps were on the ground ; and, night
coming on, the danger passed.
General Hancock, who had passed our regiment as he
hurried to the front, and whom we then for the first time
met, turned his horse to the rear, as soon as the line had
been established on Cemetery and Culp's Hill ; and after
he had located a part of the newly arriving troops on Little
Round Top. As soon as Meade learned of the condition of
things at the front he relinquished his plan of the Pipe creek

GETTYSBURG.

99

line, and ordered the entire army to hurry forward to
Gettysburg. That day was a- well-fought day on the part of the Union
troops. A comparatively small force had kept at bay a large
force from early morning until late afternoon. It had in
three distinct contacts with the foe routed them and cap
tured several thousand prisoners. Time was gained for the
concentration of the Army of the Potomac. Although
Gettysburg itself was in the hands of the enemy, the real
advantage of position was on the side of our army, for the
great roads to Baltimore and Washington, that unite at
Gettysburg with the roads to Chambersburg and Carlisle and
York, were covered by our forces, and high ground offered
strong defense to the Union troops.
The comparative feeling and thought of the commanders
of the opposing armies at the close of this first day of the
battle, and in face of the prospect of renewed hostilities on
the morrow, is worthy of note. That first day's conflict was
only preliminary to the real and great struggle which inten
sified during the two following days. But it excited the
most ardent hopes of complete success in the mind of
General Lee. While in Richmond just after the capture of
General Lee's army, the writer heard a description of the
condition of things in Gettysburg the evening and night of
that first day. The account was from the lips of a gentleman
who was a professor in the Pennsylvania College, and who
was an eye-witness of affairs ; for the college grounds formed
a part of the battle-field, and the building was used as a
hospital. The fact was told in the temporary rooms of the
Christian Commission in Richmond. The speaker was on
that memorable night brought in contact with General Lee,
and he described him as being greatly elated, and in the
highest spirits, and as freely expressing the belief, not only
of defeating the Union forces then, but of following up his
victory with a rapid march upon Baltimore and Washington,
and of dictating terms of peace to a prostrate government.
The importance of the battle was no less than this : a serious

IOO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. .S. VOLS.
defeat to our arms meant — in all probability — all that Gen
eral Lee hoped to gain. That General Meade so realized,
there is no manner of question. To remember the great
responsibility of shielding the nation's capital, and thus of
covering what was regarded as the heart of the nation, will
aid us in understanding his solicitude in the battle and his
caution after this was ended. But there was no hesitation,
and no lack of confidence. He was prompt in decision, and
bold in action, justifying the confidence placed in him by
his exaltation to his high command.

CHAPTER VIII.
GETTYSBURG — SECOND DAY.
A BOUT one o'clock on the morning of July 2d, General
-^*- Meade rode on the field of Gettysburg. He found
Generals Howard, Slocum and Sickles at the Cemetery. He
questioned General Howard of the strength of the position.
The response was given : " I am confident we can hold this
position." Whereupon General Meade remarked : " I am
glad to hear you say so, for it is too late to leave it." The
die was cast !
General Meade is described by one who saw him shortly
after daylight as seeming " utterly worn out and hollow-eyed.
Anxiety and want of sleep were evidently telling on him."
But he was nerved by energy and courage, and was ready at
once to fight ; to take the offensive and move against the en
emy. Had he not been overruled by his generals he would
have promptly assaulted the rebel force on their left flank ;
and he even commenced to arrange for this. He next pur
posed a charge on their right. But he was restrained from
this by the absence of many of his troops. The Second
Corps and two divisions of the Fifth Corps under Sykes, ar
rived about seven o'clock ; Crawford's division of the Fifth
Corps reached the field about noon. Lockwood's brigade,
consisting of two regiments from Baltimore, arrived at eight
o'clock ; De Trobriand's and Burling's brigades of the Third
Corps, from Emmettsburg, at nine ; and the artillery re
serve came from Taneytown, at 10.30, A. M.; while the lar
gest corps of the army, the Sixth, under Sedgwick, did not
reach the ground until 4 P. M.

102 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Early on the morning of the second day of this great bat
tle, the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth was in the line of
march of the Second Corps moving upon the field. As we
neared this, an ambulance, with stretcher at side, turned out
of the road into a field. The stretcher was half covered with
blood. The sight awakened a sense of the bloody work at
hand. Be it remembered, that, although the regiment had
been in service from August, 1862, until July, 1863, Harper's
Ferry was its only record of service, and that was for the most
part bloodless. Moving up the Taneytown road we passed
Round Top and Little Round Top to our left, and when
near Cemetery Hill, we were first halted to the right of the
road. Afterwards we were taken to the left of the centre of
the main line, and placed on the left of Cemetery Hill, with
the Bryan house and Ziegler's Grove to our right. The bands
were playing down in the field. This was one of the very few
times when any music was heard on battle-field, save that-
of cannon and rifle, of shot and shell. In time of action men
were needed for other purposes than to make pleasing music ;
and the musicians were utilized " to bear away the wounded,
and to cover up the dead."
To the immediate right and left of our position in the line
were batteries. Just to the right and north was Gettysburg,
in the hands of the enemy. Off to the northwest, a mile or
more away, was Gettysburg Seminary. In our immediate
front was Seminary Ridge, covered with woods. The ground
directly in front of us sloped down to the Emmettsburg road,
running somewhat parallel with our line, and bordered with
fence on either side. Beyond the road, the land stretched
out in fields to Seminary Ridge. To our extreme left were
Little Round Top and Big Round Top. We were in good
position to see most of the conflicts which followed; and,
during the progress of these, could note the waving of the sig
nal flags on Little Round Top, where was stationed a part
of the signal corps. We were in position, too, to have part
in much of the fighting; and at the decisive point to aid in
bearing the brunt of the battle. To our right, were the First,

GETTYSBURG. 103
Eleventh and Twelfth Corps ; to our left, the Third Corps.
The Sixth Corps and Crawford's Division of the Fifth Corps
were not yet on the field. It was a beautiful July morn
ing. A summer peace was in the air. But the calm, the lull
in nature, only preceded the fiercest storm of conflict, when
the air should be torn by the rough hands of strife and be
hoarse with the voice of passion. At first, from our position
the enemy could not be seen, covered as they were by the
woods and houses. The rumor passed among the officers
that the enemy had retired ; but as the morning lengthened,
in the distance among some brush behind a fence, men were
seen moving into position as skirmishers. The order was given
for the Thirty-ninth to move to the front as skirmishers.
And now they pass down at our right ; down into the field,
and deploy as skirmishers. Brave fellows — brave or stupid,
which is it ? — there they stand in open field, and the crack
of rifles is heard. The rebels are down behind the fence and
are sheltered. " Drop, Garibaldis ! " Yes, they did drop,
one after another, as the bullet did its work. Some to rise
not again ; and here come some of the poor fellows with
shattered jaws and maimed limbs and cut faces.
And the battle is opened anew. Crack ! Crack ! sounds
the skirmish-firing all morning ; and the afternoon is advan
cing. To immediate left of us is a- battery of steel guns ; to
immediate right of us, in Ziegler's grove, is a battery of brass
pieces. But the dark and bright lips are silent. It is mid-
afternoon ; and now from over by the Seminary comes hurtling
a shell. Right over our heads it flies ; and battery to left re
plies with quick, sharp note, and its shell explodes amid the
smoke of the rebel gun. Beautiful piece of artillery practice,
that. '' Boys, lie down !" The men are on the ground under,
the iron hail which now rattles over our heads. The time ?
Three o'clock, as the first shot from artillery is fired. How
long the time seems ! But it is only an hour ; and the fire
slackens. And now off in the woods to our left, and west of Em
mettsburg road, the skirmishers are at it. How the woods

104 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
roar with the musketry, and now with the hurrahs of the
Union soldiers and the yells of the rebels ! They have
struck our line at Peach Orchard ; they sweep beyond it to
wards Round Top. Artillery is pouring flank fire along Em
mettsburg road, and along the line leading at right angle.
Surely our men will not stand it ; they could not stand it.
No defences here. They are taking the fire with uncovered
breasts and sides. The former they can endure, but the
flank fire, not. Our men have yielded the angle, and the
rebels pour in. Now among the rocks of Devil's Den, how
they fight — one side and the other ! Out here, to the north

DEVIL S DEN.

of the Den, is a field of wheat. Over this, now to the right,
now to the left, sweeps the bloody scythe. How the blade
rings, rings, dulled with dripping blood ! Blue and gray fall
in the harvest of death. Up on little Round Top General
Warren stands in plain sight, with signal corps. All day
long we have seen the flags waving their silent but forceful
language. It is 5.30 P. M., and over an hour has the noise of
battle sounded, and now General Warren mounts his horse
and is speeding down Round Top, for a line of rebels has
been seen creeping under cover of the trees towards the hill.
Hurriedly detaching the One Hundred and Fortieth N. Y. V.
from Vincent's brigade, these men with Hazlett's battery are
led hurriedly up the hill, among rocks and stones, and barely

GETTYSBURG. IO5
reach the summit in time to turn back at point of bayonet
the rebels rushing with victorious shouts up the hill. The
position, a key of the field, is saved. But Vincent and Weed
and Hazlett are mortally wounded or dead. Down, down
the hill the rebels are pressed, and the line of battle is drawn
tight across the valley between Little and Big Round Top,
and up the sides and over the summits of both.
But, look ! The fire is creeping towards us along the Em
mettsburg road ! See in the fields how the panting giants are
wrestling ! Their breath is aflame. Now one is pressed
back, and now the other is forced to knee. "Help!" and
down the hillside towards the combatants we march.

LITTLE ROUND TOP.
The sun is declining behind the hills in the west. The birds
start up and fly away, singing in sweet discord with the hoarse
music of battle. We are down on the bloody arena. Back,
Third Corps ; forward, the Second ! Oh, it was grand ! — aw
fully grand ! — as with loud, brave cries we press them ; as
Barksdale, in vain seeking to rally his men, falls ; as the rebel
line is driven back, broken and scattered. Blaze artillery
from the hill beyond in our faces ; sting, like serpents, bul
lets through the air; but, as night sets in, the living of our
men rest in victory, as the dead sleep in a triumph hence
forth unbroken by the turmoil of earthly strife.

106 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
What are these sounds to the right of us, over on East
Cemetery Hill, where Rickett's battery is posted ? Surely
the enemy has broken in. His cries of success are heard.
The guns are in his hands. And now Carroll's Brigade from
our division is sweeping proudly and quickly to right ; on
the double quick they push forward. There is a brief strug
gle, and the Louisiana Tigers, that have dashed up the hill
and among our guns, are swept out of existence. Of their
seventeen hundred, fourteen hundred are cut down by the
fire. Brave night-charge was that. But it was fatal to them.
Rebel writers have deplored that General Lee did not
carry out his design of attacking in force early on the morn
ing of July 2d ; as at that time all of his army, save Pickett's
Division of Longstreet's Corps, was on the field. It was his
design so to do — to strike the extreme left of the Union
line. But his plan miscarried. General Longstreet, who has
been charged with the responsibility of not opening the bat
tle early in the day, indignantly denies having received any
orders to that effect. Opposed as he was to fighting at the
time on the offensive, and remonstrating against assaulting
the Union forces, he nevertheless zealously carried out the
orders when issued. He declares that the command to
charge the left of our line came to him at eleven, A. M.
What, with waiting for troops, in arranging these, and in
making a slow, circuitous path for the purpose of conceal
ment — a course rendered possible by the wooded nature of
Seminary Ridge — four hours passed ere his forces were at
the appointed place and in readiness to strike. While the
hours of the morning passed for the most part uneventfully
on the Union side, save that the Sixth Corps was toiling
bravely on in an unbroken march of nearly twenty-four
hours ; out of our sight Longstreet was arranging and direct
ing into position his men.
In the general description of the day's fighting already
given, no particular word has been said of General Sickles'
position on the Emmettsburg road. Well known is it, that
on his own responsibility — unheeding summons to meet

GETTYSBURG.

107

General Meade and other general officers at army head
quarters, he moved the Third Corps from the line assigned
to this, extending from Cemetery Hill to Round Top. The
question of the wisdom of the move has been minutely dis
cussed, General Sickles freely assuming all responsibility and
glorying, until now, in his act, which he claims was fully
justified ; and that his corps really fought the battle of
Gettysburg. On the other hand, most pronounced against
his course have been General Meade, the Commander of the
Army, and Generals Sedgwick, Hancock, Warren and almost

GENERAL DANIEL E. SICKLES.
all the other prominent officers of the Union army. Certain
is it, that the move forward to Emmettsburg road was made
without knowledge or direction of General Meade ; that it left
the Round Tops uncovered ; that it broke the line at its con
nection with the Second Corps, and that it located the scene
of the second day's fight in advance of the line intended by
the Union Commander. The line presented at Peach Or
chard a salient, exposing the Third Corps to a double enfi
lading fire. But, full bravely did the Union artillery and
infantry fight on that day. The ten thousand men under
Sickles withstood the fifteen thousand men under Longstreet ;
Sickles being aided, as time passed, by portions of the Sec-

108 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
ond, Fifth and Twelfth Corps. General Lee judged that our
extreme left was on the Emmettsburg road. His purpose
was to assault the left, and in event of success, to press our
line towards Cemetery Hill. His order reads : "Envelop the
enemy's left and begin the attack there, following up as near
as possible the direction of the Emmettsburg road." He
wrote afterwards : " It appeared that if the position held by
him [Sickles] could be carried, its possession would give facil
ities for assailing and carrying the more elevated ground
and crest beyond."

LIEUTENANT L. H. STEVENS.

To give a more detailed account of the battle on this day,
as it appeared to those who with the writer watched it from our
position on the left of Cemetery Hill, we need to go back to
the morning and trace anew the events of the day. The
skirmish-firing, with which the renewed contest opened, devel
oped instances of valor. To recount one of these : " The
Garibaldis," who had been sent on the skirmish-line, took
with them their colors. It was event unusual. Colonel Wil-

GETTYSBURG.

109

lard saw the needless peril of their loss, and directed that the
flag be recalled. To Lieutenant L. H. Stevens, of G Com
pany of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, serving as aid
on Colonel Willard's staff, was assigned the duty. Bravely
regardless of danger, he rode over the bullet-swept field to
the skirmish-line and brought in the flag. He was a fair tar
get for a hundred rifles and more ; and he justly received
words of commendation in an order from General Hays re
counting the battle. Later in the day, Lieutenant Stevens
was wounded and was taken from the field.
Lieutenant Stevens was born in Pulaski, N. Y., December
5th, 1842. He entered the Freshman class of the Troy Uni
versity in i860, and had just become a member of the Junior
class when he aided in raising G Company of our regiment.
He became second instead of first lieutenant in a novel way.
He and Lieutenant Newcomb decided the question as to
who should be first and who second lieutenant by tossing
up a penny. Lieutenant Newcomb won the first rank.
The fighting along Emmettsburg road and in fields to east
was in open view of our position. Artillery and musketry
were filling the air with fire and smoke, and were covering
the ground with the wounded and the dead. Through the
thick smoke the belching of the cannon appeared to us like
the fires of a furnace ; as if Titans were at work : they were
at work in a struggle of life and death.
That effort to gain Little Round Top was a masterly move.
General E. M. Law declares that he had sent scouts to the
ground who had reported that it was unoccupied ; and this
led to that attempt to gain it which was on the edge of suc
cess. But, Warren and Vincent turned back at the point of
the bayonet the exultant Texans springing for the heights,
hurrying " over rough steeps and over the precipitous crags."
For a half-hour the fighting at Round Top was terrific ;
surging among the trees and huge stones ; bodies falling
among the rocks and ravines, and caught in most horrid po
sitions. The trees — as the writer saw in passing over the
ground after the battle — were perforated with bullets. Gen-

IIO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
eral Longstreet subsequently wrote : " The defensive advan
tages of the ground enabled the Federals to delay our pur
poses until they could occupy Little Round Top, which they
just then discovered was the key to their position." "The
force thrown upon this point was so strong as to seize our
right, as it were, in a vise."
Fierce was the fighting in Devil's Den below Round Top :
and those charges — over the wheat field at farther end of
which, behind a strong stone fence, was a rebel line, almost as
safely defended as at Maiye's Heights at Fredericksburg —
cost us dearly and were fruitless. Looking down at the
fearful struggle as this had continued for three hours, and

SIGNAL STATION.

noting that the fire was creeping nearer (for Humphrey's
Division was letting go its hold upon the road), the writer was
impressed that it could scarcely be possible that the One
Hundred and Twenty-fifth should much longer remain out
of the heat of the battle. So, he passed along the line of
men who at the time_ were lying on the ground, and again
urged them to be ready for the possibilities immediately be
fore them. But he had not reached the farther end of the
regiment when the ominous command was heard : " Fall in !"
and, rising, the regiment with our brigade took up the line
of march by the left flank down towards the scene of engage
ment — down into the fiercest of the fight — down into " the

GETTYSBURG.

Ill

jaws of death," to close these with the strong hands and
noble forms of our men.
It was now about 7 o'clock in the evening of a long, beau
tiful, warm, July day. As we moved down into the strife
the writer looked to the west. The sun was sinking low
and the heavens were ablaze with its splendors, in marked
contrast with the lurid fires of death towards which we were
marching We were halted amid the smoke in front of some

-mm**' hh»

CHARGE OF THE 111th, 125th, AND 126th N.Y. VOLS,
Gettysburg, July 2(1, 1863.
swale-a new growth of trees-in which we could see, dimly
because of the smoke covering the field-men moving. The
brigade was dressed on the colors, an unusual thing ; under
such circumstances. Our men commenced to fire, but the
word was shouted: "Firing on your own men Upon
Thich the command was given by Colonel Willard "Cease
firinc- '" Officers, as did the writer, rushed m front of our
line "repeating the order. But the interval permitted the en-

112 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
emy to reload, and we speedily learned our mistake. A man
to the left of the writer fell in an instant prostrated by a bul
let. Then, doubt removed, the men await no orders, but
press on, firing as they move. On we rushed with loud
cries! on — with bullets whizzing by our ears, as if messen
gers from the cold, icy regions of the dead — with shells
screaming and cannon-balls tearing the air, like so many
fiends bent on destruction : now bursting above and around
us ; now ploughing the ground at our feet and laying many
of our noble men low in death or bleeding with wounds : on,
on, we rushed, through storm of fire and death, thundering
above and darting around us like the thunder and lightning
of heaven : on, driving the rebels before us, mortally wound
ing General Barksdale at the head of the rebel force, who in
vain sought to lash and lead his men forward, and who died
in our hands.
The purpose was accomplished. The effort of the rebels
was doubly thwarted at Little Round Top, and at Cemetery
Hill. " To urge my men forward under these circumstances,"
writes General Longstreet, "would have been madness, and
I withdrew them in good order to Peach Orchard, that we
had taken from the Federals early in the afternoon." If it
was in " good order, " at one point of the line certainly it
was in quick order.
As night settled down upon the scene, our regiment was
returned to its position on Cemetery Hill. But, he returned
not with us who had led us gallantly, coolly — as the writer
was witness — down into that fiery vortex ; and not all those
came back who had gone forth. With over one hundred of
our regiment cut down in the brief space of a half hour, had
fallen our brave, skilled, loved Colonel. Willard was dead.
He was struck just after the brigade had by orders fallen
back east of the .swale through which it had just charged
and driven the rebels. A piece of shell carried away a part
of his face and head, and he fell from his horse instantly
killed. Among those who saw him fall was Henry M. Clum,
of B Company ; and William H. Babcock, of F Company

GETTYSBURG. I I 3
was one of the four men who carried the dead body from the
front. The two men named became, later in the service,
commissioned officers. His body was taken to the Fry
house, the ground and barn of which were used as a hospital,
as were many of the houses in near vicinity of the field.
That house and barn were on the field, and were on the fol
lowing day exposed to the fire of the rebel guns, shells from
which exploded on the premises. The body was carefully
wrapped in linen cloth ; and was last seen by the writer as it
was lying on the ground ready for faithful and loving hands
to bear it homeward to an afflicted wife and kindred, the
former of whom survives until the writing of these records,
bearing still the sacred memory of one who as man as. well as
soldier was endeared to all who knew his worth. The next
chapter will tell of the general and high esteem in which
he was held.
The losses on both sides in the entire afternoon's- engage
ment were very large. One-third of Longstreet's Corps, ac
cording to his own estimate, were wounded or killed. Our
regiment alone had lost more than one-fifth of its strength,
and Colonel Willard's entire brigade suffered in a larger ratio,
losing between six and seven hundred men out of a total of
about two thousand.
As we passed on the charge through the swale, the color-
bearer, Sergeant Lewis Smith, was instantly killed ; but ere
the colors could touch the ground, Harrison Clark of E
Company bent down and grasped them, bringing them out
of the battle. For his gallantry, he was on the next day
called to the front of the regiment, and was promoted to be
color-sergeant. To a brave man was given the place of one
who had fallen bravely in a position always of greatest dan
ger, and calling for highest valor. For in battle, the flag
was always the first target of the enemy's fire. The flag and
officers were coveted prizes.
The handling of the men in the charge by Colonel Willard
was careful and skillful. On the left flank was placed the
Thirty-ninth Regiment, which acquitted itself nobly, retaking

1 14 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
— as reported — some captured guns. In reserve for a brief
minute was held the One Hundred and Eleventh, which was
quickly directed to the right, to prolong the line formed by
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth and the One Hundred
and Twenty-sixth — to left and right. The charge was
pressed until Barksdale's men, leaving their mortally-
wounded commander in our hands, were driven from the
field ; and the frowning rebel batteries on high ground along
Emmettsburg road were confronted. Question has been
raised as to whether the order for the return of the brigade
was wise. This had accomplished what was needed. Possi
bly it might have carried the batteries on the high ground,
but it was not ordered so to do.
If we err not in the immediate connection of the event, it
was the sight of the long line of our brigade moving down
from Cemetery Hill that caused Longstreet to order Hood's
men back to Peach Orchard. The movement and the charge
had certainly to do in deciding, at a crisis point, the fortunes
of that day. General Hancock, who himself accompanied
the brigade from Cemetery Hill to the scene of action, spoke
later in highest terms of its valor and service. He declared
to Captain Vandenburgh : " The Third Brigade, Third
Division of my old Second Corps, was equal to any regular
brigade I ever saw. Their conduct at Gettysburg was su
perb. The rally of the Third Brigade on their colors at the
time Colonel Willard was killed was a very gallant move
ment under such firing."
That night-charge of the Louisiana Tigers (already de
scribed in brief) on the very centre of our line, was a most
gallant, but desperate effort. The point where it was made
was of so great importance that only a little time before its
occurrence General Ames was explaining to Captain Ricketts,
here in command of our artillery, the value of the position
as a key-point, and the necessity for holding it. Colonel
Wainright, standing by, added : " In case you are charged,
you will not limber up under any circumstances, but fight
your battery to the last." The rebels making the charge

GETTYSBURG. 1 15
formed under cover of the houses in Gettysburg ; and ap
proaching near the rise of ground — by no means high— sud
denly deployed, and sprang forward. Before resistance could
fairly be offered, they were through our lines and upon our
batteries. (This part of our ground is now marked by guns
in position.) The success, as already described, was only
brief. Colonel Carroll's brigade soon swept them from the
field, and " the ' Tigers ' were never afterwards known as an
organization." Out of 1,700 men they lost 1,400. This ac
tion presented a scene unusual in battle. It was marked by
hand-to-hand encounters and deeds of personal daring. Gen
eral Hunt, Chief of Artillery, says that "handspikes, ram
mers and even stones " were used by our men. Colonel
Bachelder describes the scene as embodying " the magnifi
cent charge, the firm defence, the fierce, seething struggle of
armed men, frenzied with the maddening influences of war.
They fought with common muskets, pistols', handspikes, ram
mers, clubs, stones, anything with which an attack could be
made or defense given. Here occurred instances of personal
bravery and intrepidity seldom surpassed." " South of the
wall, at Ricketts' left gun, a Confederate lieutenant dashed
boldly up and seized the battery's guidon. Private Riggin,
its bearer, drew his revolver and shot him dead. At the same
moment a minie-ball severed the staff and Riggin fell a corpse
with that of his adversary. Lieutenant Worcester, Seventh
Louisiana, charged into the battery and laying his hand on
a gun, demanded its surrender, but was instantly brained by
a blow with a handspike in the hands of one of the gunners.
Here, at the third gun from the wall, a Confederate sergeant,
musket in hand, sprang upon Sergeant Stafford and demand
ed his surrender. He was answered by Lieutenant Brock-
way of the battery, who coming quickly behind, with a stone
he had seized, felled him to the ground. Stafford caught
the musket and fired, wounding him severely ; and in the
fury of the moment clubbed the gun and but for the inter
position of Captain Ricketts, would have killed him on the
spot."

Il6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
" The brave color-bearer of the 107th Ohio, Sergeant Geible,
sprang upon the wall, and defiantly waved his flag in the
very faces of his opponents. The satisfaction was but mo
mentary. He was shot, and the colors fell on the opposite
side, but had scarcely touched the ground before Adjutant
Young cleared the wall, and snatched them from the very
grasp of his foe. The color-bearer of the Eighth Louisiana
'Tigers,' in his enthusiasm dashed gallantly forward, waving
his flag as he advanced, seeing which Adjutant Young, re
volver in hand, seized the staff and shot the color-bearer in
his tracks. But he too was shot — a minie-ball passed through
his left arm and pierced his lung. A Confederate officer
aimed a fearful blow at his head, which was skilfully parried
by Lieutenant Suhrer, and reeling to his regiment, still cling
ing to the flag, he sank into the arms of Sergeant-Major
Bricker and was saved. And General Ames promoted him
to a captaincy on his staff for his bravery.''
Of the entire operations of the day, Pollard writes : " The
results of the day were unfortunate enough. Our [Confed
erate] troops had been repulsed at all points, save where
Brigadier-General Stewart [on the extreme Confederate left]
held his ground." We are content with this judgment pro
nounced by a Southern war historian.

GEORGE LAMB WILLARD,
Colonel One Hundred and Twenty-fii-tii N. Y. V,

Commanding Third Btigade, Third Division,
Second . I rm v Corps.

CHAPTER IX.
COLONEL WILLARD DEAD.
"IX) each regiment, losing at Gettysburg — as on other
-*- bloody fields — commanding officers, its own loss
seemed greatest. The sorrow was measured by the depth
and strength of the regard cherished for the man and officer.
Keen, close, fair judges of officers were the men who served
in the ranks. Whether officer was skillful, brave, trustwor
thy — to lead into action and out of battle ; whether the man,
under officer's uniform was true, just, temperate, good or
the contrary — these things soon shaped jndgment, when
character was subjected to the blare and confusion and perils
of battle-field, or even to the milder tests of camp-life and
the march. Thus did the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth
Regiment prove its officers ; and, thus came forth, in its
maturer judgment, approved of all, the one whose death ,
makes Gettysburg a most sacred memory to his surviving
comrades. Had Colonel George Lamb Willard survived the storm of
battle, he would doubtless have borne, at the end of the
service, on his shoulders, instead of a colonel's " eagle," two
well-earned " stars," to reflect his valor and his skill. " He
fell amid the regrets of five hundred men who had come to
respect and love him as a man and emulate him as a soldier,"
— these words were penned by the writer, while yet the
sense of loss was most fresh. After these years writes one :
" I regard that year's training under Colonel Willard, that
rarely accomplished officer, as the best year's education of
my life. He was a complete soldier, and taught us our

Il8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
business." This is the testimony of one than whom none
stood higher among the line officers of the regiment, and
who, ere he left this, was enrolled among its field-officers
— General Samuel C. Armstrong. Declared General W. S.
Hancock of him: " George L. Willard was in my judgment
one of the best officers of his age and rank."
In this chapter we do lay a tribute upon the grave of the
fallen soldier ; a tribute, formed in part of record made in the
press at the time of his death, and treasured from Gettys
burg until now ; a tribute whose fragrance lingers despite a
score of winters have laid their snows above his ashes ; a
tribute that blossoms in yearly freshness, like the flowers
built by the abiding sunlight above his grave. Those who
came closest to him, in the days immediately preceding
Gettysburg, noticed in him an unusually subdued manner;
and some brought in contact with him the night before the
the battle, speak of premonitions expressed by him of his
coming death, and of a subdued, almost tender kindness
voiced by him in word and deed. But he knew not that, in
event of his fall, so large honor would, be poured forth above
his encoffined form. He understood, in advance of the
bloody fight at hand, all the sternness and the danger of
actual battle ; for its dread scenes were only too familiar to
him. But, facing danger he well realized, Jie went to his
death with strong heart and firm face, caring even to the last
for his men.
George Lamb Willard was born in New York City, Au
gust 15th, 1827. His great-grandfather, General John Lamb,
served with distinction in the Revolutionary War ; and his
grandfather, General Anthony Lamb, served with marked
ability in the War of 1812. Colonel Willard's military ardor
was, therefore, somewhat of an inheritance. He early man
ifested an ardent desire for an appointment as a cadet to
the Military Academy at West Point ; but his friends looked
with disfavor upon his purpose, and he was sent to a relative
in Ohio to become a practical business man. Soon after
wards the Mexican War broke out, and he enlisted in the

COLONEL WILLARD.

II9

Fifteenth Ohio Volunteers, under Colonel George Morgan
and was made first sergeant of his company.
He was under General Scott in the movement on the city
of Mexico, and his company was one of the first to scale the
walls of Chepultepec Castle, and for his gallantry on that
occasion, and for distinguished service through the war, he
was, on recommendation from General Scott, appointed a
brevet second lieutenant in the 8th United States Infantry,
June 28th, 1848. He was promoted to full second lieu
tenant in that regiment, August 2d, 1848. He was made
first lieutenant in his regiment, December 31st, 1853 ; and,
captain, April 27th, 1861. About a year later, February
19th, 1862, he became major of the Nineteenth Infantry.
His commission as colonel of the One Hundred and Twenty-
fifth Regiment New York Volunteers bears date of August
15th, 1862.
From 1848 to i860, he served almost contiunously with his
regiment in Texas and New Mexico. From June, 1854, to
June, 1856, he was on recruiting service, stationed at Gov
ernor's Island, New York Harbor. He was at this time
adjutant of the post. In the autumn of 1856 he joined his
regiment at Fort Stanton, New Mexico. In May, i860, he
was ordered on special duty to Fort Leavenworth, Missouri,
and from there was granted " leave of absence " and came
East. Before his leave expired, the Civil War broke out and
he applied at once for duty. But, his regiment had been or
dered from the northern part of Texas to the coast, and was
there captured by General Twiggs. He was, therefore, ap
pointed as Assistant Adjutant-General on the staff of Major-
General John E. Wool, commanding the Eastern Division.
After the exchange of prisoners, the Eighth Infantry was re
organized at Newport Barracks, Kentucky, with Captain
Willard in command. In July, 1861, he was ordered with
his company to Washington, D. C. He left Washington
with orders to join Sykes' Battalion of McDowell's army.
He camped at Ball's Cross Roads on the night of July 2 1st,
and returned to Arlington House, July 23, and joined G

120 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Company, Eighth Infantry, which was with Sykes' Battalion
at the Battle of Bull Run. These two companies were
directed to Washington and were put on duty as Provost
Guard. When the call was issued for two-year volunteers, he was
earnestly interested in recruiting the first regiment raised in
New York State. The regiment just missed securing the
number First ; but became known as the Second New York
Volunteers. It was expected that he would be its colonel ;
but, at that stage of the war, and just when the regiment
was on point of forming, orders were issued forbidding offi
cers commanding volunteer troops to remain in the regular
service. With all of his justifiable pride as a regular army
officer, he was compelled to retain his old command, and re
luctantly to give up the prospect of leading one of the first
volunteer regiments to the field. He served with the Eighth
United States Infantry in the early part of the war, and
through the Peninsular Campaign of 1862 ; and as its com
manding officer a portion of the time. The war had now
grown to wide proportions ; and the need of experienced,
efficient officers to train and direct volunteers was so appa
rent that a change of policy resulted, and Major Willard
was allowed to retain his rank in the regular service, and to
become colonel of the regiment of whose history he became
a vital part, and whose service is here recorded. His death
brought, indeed, another good man to the front as colonel of
the regiment ; but it occasioned a sad loss to the service of
the country.
The news of Colonel Willard's death produced profound
sorrow in Troy, N. Y., and civic and military organizations
took immediate steps to do him honor. The officers of the
late Second Regiment were called together at the Troy
House ; The War Committee was assembled ; likewise the
Troy Citizens' Corps, and the Common Council. The Troy
Times recorded his death in the following fitting words :
" We fear that our pens will be kept busy, for some time
to come, in recording the loss of Troy soldiers amid the

COLONEL WILLARD. 121
recent severe battles. Among the regiments engaged was
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, Colonel George L. Wil
lard, and that noble officer fills a soldier's coffin. There is
every reason to believe that the news is too true. Colonel
Willard was the embodiment of a true soldier — strict when
on duty, cool amid danger, of oft-proven bravery, respected
alike by subordinates and superiors. To a host of friends
in Troy, he was known as a true friend and courteous gen
tleman ; and not long since he was united in marriage to
the daughter of a leading citizen, Hon. Elias Plum. Colonel
Willard volunteered as a private soldier in the Mexican War
— having spent his early life within hearing of the drums of
West Point — and rose from the ranks by merit at a time
when promotion was anything but rapid. He became known
to our citizens while on the staff of General Wool, just be
fore the outbreak of the Rebellion — being then a lieutenant
in the regular army. Compelled to decline the proffered
honor of the colonelcy of the Second Regiment, he con
tributed not a little towards the efficiency of that organiza
tion. He was promoted to the rank of major in the regular
army, but was detached to assume command of the One
Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment. In this honorable po
sition he remained until his death, and fell leading a band of
his brave men against the haughty but discomfited invaders
of the free North. Colonel Willard was of striking personal
appearance and possessed rare soldierly accomplishments.
He will be deeply mourned in Troy, where his talents and
position have been fully recognized. Honor to the gallant
dead !'
Following the above were other like words in the same
representative paper which rendered so efficient service for
the country in its days of trial :
" There is an intense solicitude on the part of those hav
ing friends in the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment,
to learn the names of those who were killed and wounded
among its ranks. Various rumors prevailed in the city yes-

122 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
terday and to-day, as to the fate of prominent officers — all
resting on very slight foundations, and calculated to cause
pain to those interested. Private Wiseman, who has been
with Colonel Willard for two years, and who accompanied
the body to Troy, states that on Thursday the brigade com
manded by Colonel Willard was held in reserve until four
o'clock P. M., when it was ordered into action. It consisted
of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, One Hundred and
Twenty-sixth, One Hundred and Eleventh, and the Gari
baldi Guards. In about half an hour Colonel Willard fell.
His body was borne to the rear by Adjutant Sheldon and
another officer. Wiseman started with it at nine A. M. on
Friday. During Thursday evening's fight the only officers
whom he knows to have been wounded were Lieutenant L.
H. Stevens, Captain T. F. Sheldon (slightly, in the hand),
and Lieutenant Gillis. On Friday the regiment was ordered
into battle again, and is believed to have been hotly engaged.
The loss of officers and men is not known.
" Colonel Willard's remains are deposited in an elegant
coffin. The plate bears the following inscription : ' Colonel
George L. Willard, One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regi
ment, New York Volunteers, commanding Third Brigade,
Third Division, Second Army Corps, killed July 2d, 1863.'
COLONEL WILLARD'S FUNERAL.
"The remains of the late Colonel George L. Willard, of
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment, who fell in
Thursday's battle, reached Troy at a late hour last evening,
in charge of Private Wiseman, and were immediately taken
to the residence of Honorable Elias Plum. Colonel Willard,
while riding at the head of his brigade, was struck by a
shell, which tore the angle of his mouth and shattered his
chin and shoulder. He fell from his horse, which galloped
into the rebel lines at full speed. The gallant rider was dead
when taken from the ground.
" Colonel Willard's funeral will take place to-morrow morn-

COLONEL WILLARD. 1 23
ing at eleven o'clock from Mr. Plum's residence. It will
be attended by military and civic bodies in imposing num
bers — General Allen, of the Tenth Brigade, whose staff will
act as pall-bearers, the Troy Citizens' Corps, Twenty-fourth
Regiment, a detachment of the United States Regulars from
the Arsenal, the officers of the late Second Regiment, the
Mayor and Common Council of Troy. Invitations have
been extended by Mayor Van Alstyne to the Mayor and
Common Council of Albany and the President and Trustees
of Lansingburgh, to take part in the obsequies.
" The Common Council held a meeting last evening, at
which resolutions were passed in reference to the late Colo
nel Willard, and appropriate remarks made by Alderman
Charles Eddy and others. It was certainly fitting that the
Common Council should take action to this effect. General
Darius Allen has also issued a soldier-like order upon this
mournful occasion.
Resolutions and " orders " expressive of his honor were
adopted and published by General Darius Allen, Lieutenant-
Colonel W. H. Lawton, by the War Committee and the
Common Council. The military orders read :

General Order No. 5.

Headquarters Tenth Brigade, \
N. Y. S. N. G., Troy, July 5th, 1863. f

It is with deep regret that the Brigadier-General announces the death of Colo
nel and Acting Brigadier-General George L. Willard of the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth New York State Volunteer forces. By his death the State loses a
patriotic citizen and the military service a faithful officer. Colonel Willard was
stricken down while in command of a brigade, and gallantly leading them into
action at the battle of Gettysburg.
The sacrifice of such a martyr upon the altar of his country will ever remain an
endearing monument to his memory, standing forth as a noble example for the
emulation of the hero and the patriot — calling for equally disinterested efforts in
preserving and transmitting to posterity unimpaired the glorious heritage of our
fathers. As a proper token of respect for his patriotic services, I do hereby order and
direct the officers, non-commissioned officers, musicians and privates of the
Twenty-fourth Regiment, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel William H

124 0NE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Lawton, to meet at the Armory, on Wednesday, July 8th, at ten o'clock in the
forenoon, uniformed, armed and equipped according to law, to act as a military
escort to attend the funeral of the deceased, at the residence of his father-in-law,
Hon. Elias Plum, No. 57 Second Street.
And I do further order that the commanding officers of companies and the
adjutant of the regiment, return to me the names of all the delinquent officers,
non-commissioned officers, musicians and privates, within ten days from the date
of this order, duly certified to as prescribed by law.
The brigade staff will act as pall bearers.
It is expected that a detachment of United States Regulars from the Water-
vliet Arsenal will be present and form part of the escort.
Members of newly organized companies attached to the Twenty-fourth Regi
ment will not be required to attend unless uniformed and equipped. By order of
Brig. Gen. Darius Allen,
Commanding Tenth Brigade, N. Y. S. N. G.
John A. Griswold, Brigade Major, Tenth Brigade.

Headquarters Twenty-Fourth Regiment.
N. Y. S. National Guard,
Troy, July 7, 1863.
In compliance with General Order No. 5, from Brigadier-General Darius
Allen, commanding Tenth Brigade, the commissioned and non-commissioned
officers, musicians and privates of the Twenty-fourth Regiment, are hereby
ordered to assemble at their Regimental Armory, on Wednesday, July 8th, at
ten o'clock A. M., in full dress, to act as a military escort at the funeral of the
late Colonel George L. Willard.
Captains McAuliff, Bowen, Brennan, Timpane, Davis and Rapp, commanding
Companies A, B, C, E, R and L, will forthwith promulgate this Order to their
respective commands.
Captains Cusack, Calder and Upham, commanding Companies G, H and I,
will not be required to parade unless furnished with uniforms and equipments.
The quartermaster will be furnished with cartridge, by applying at brigade
headquarters. The band will report to the adjutant at the Armory, at nine o'clock A. M.
The field and staff officers will report to the lieutenant-colonel at the same
time and place. By order W. H. Lawton, Lieut. Col.,
Commanding Twenty-fourth Regiment N. Y. N. G.
C. II. M. Ferre, Adjutant.

COLONEL WILLARD. I 25
At a meeting of the War Committee of the county of
Rensselaer, held July 7th, 1863, the following preamble and
resolutions were unanimously adopted :
This committee learn with deep sorrow, that Colonel George L. Willard, of
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers, was killed
on the 2d instant, in the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, in the line of duty,
while acting as Brigadier-General in the Third Division of the Second Army
Corps. High qualities as a gentleman and a soldier, a patriot and a martyr have
•endeared the deceased to us, and his early loss has stirred the community with
profound sensations.
Fifteen years of military service, had, by the aid of talents, study, and appli
cation to the principles of the art of war, raised him from the ranks, and while
yet a young man, witnessed his promotion to be major in the regular army, a
colonel of New York Infantry, and in repelling our invading foe, in the com
mand of a brigade, in the Third Division, of the Second Army Corps of the
United States. His contributions to the science of war and the art of gunnery
have already made him respectable among military writers.
He was the first chosen of this community to command the first regiment
{the Second New York) it sent to the field in this war, but it was only after long
•entreaty, in consonance with his desire, that the Government was prevailed upon
to part with his services on the nineteenth of July, to take command of the One
Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment New York Volunteers.
Less than a year of varied experience in the field at the head of this regiment,
which he had by discipline brought to the condition of veterans, has closed his
career. He has fallen as he would have desired to leave this world, in the front
rank of the defenders of the Union, with his armor upon him, in defiance of all
foes, sustaining the Government, with the cause of the country close to his heart
.and mingling with every pulsation.
We feel this loss to ourselves and to the army, and the country, and the
bereavement to his immediate friends and family. Therefore,
Resolved, That in the death of Colonel George L. Willard the service has lost
an accomplished man and gallant soldier, the cause of the Union one of its most
devoted servants and defenders, the community a most estimable citizen, and his
family a cherished object in all the relations of husband, son and brother.
Resolved, That this committee will attend his funeral in a body; and that we
extend our sympathies to the soldiers of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, who
have lost an experienced soldier and valuable officer in the death of their colonel;
and that a copy of these resolutions be presented to the family of the deceased,
and also be published and sent to the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment.
By order of the committee. James Forsyth, Chairman.
E. W. Sheldon, Secretary.

126 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
The proceedings of a special meeting of the Common
Council were as follows : Monday Evening, July 6.
Present — Hon. W. L. VanAlstyne Mayor: Hon. John Moran, Recorder; and
Aldermen Crawford, C. Eddy, Fales, Fleming, Gary, Gurley, Grace, Green,
McKeon. McManus, Rankin, Regan, Smart and Starbuck.
The Mayor stated that the Board had again been called together to consider
the death of a valued citizen, suddenly called away. The intelligence was before
us that Colonel George L. Willard, of the New York One Hundred and Twenty-
fifth, was no more, having been killed in battle on the 2d inst. He left it with
members to propose action in the matter.
Alderman McManus moved the appointment of a committee of three to report
appropriate resolutions. Carried; and the Mayor named as committee Aldermen
McManus, Chas. Eddy and Starbuck.
The committee reported the following:
Whereas, This Council has heard with deep regret of the death of Colonel
George L. Willard, of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth N. Y. S. Vols., a reg
iment recruited here, and under the patronage and partly under the direction of
the city; and whereas, Colonel Willard was admirably fulfilling the duties of his
position and answering both the expectations of his friends and the needs of his
country when he suddenly fell on the battle-field mortally wounded; therefore
Resolved, That we deeply mourn the death of this young and valued officer,
so honorably identified with the military service ; whose life seemed so full of
promise, and whose readiness to serve his country was accompanied by the high
est order of abilities, the most marked aud winning modesty, and the greatest
suavity of manner.
Resolved, That in his military career he showed faculties necessary to the
accomplishment of the true soldier and accomplished general. Entering the
army of his country in the rank of a private, and serving in that capacity in sus
taining the honor of his country on the battle-fields of Mexico — earning and win
ning a reputation for tact, discipline and bravery rarely achieved — rising by the
splendor of his genius and meritorious conduct to the rank of Major, and when
stricken down on the battle-field of Gettysburg in the capacity of Acting Briga
dier-General, and as it were at the height of his military aspirations, the country
has lost a brave supporter, the army a great genius, the youth of our country a
proud example, and society a valued and respected member.
Resolved, That we tender to the family of the deceased our sincere condolence
in their deep affliction ; that as a mark of respect to his memory, the Common
Council will attend his funeral in a body, and wear the usual badge of mourning.
Resolved, That next to the family of the deceased, we sympathise with the
officers and privates of the gallant One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, in the loss
of their able and gallant leader. While his loss to the regiment cannot be sup
plied, it is doubtless a consolation to all of its members that he fell in the cause

COLONEL WILLARD. I 27
to which they are devotiug their lives, and in encountering dangers which to the
true soldier never stand in the way of a faithful performance of duty.
Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions, signed by the Mayor and Clerk,
and bearing the Common Seal of the City, be transmitted to the family of the
deceased, and also to the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment.
Alderman Charles Eddy spoke at some length of the character and services of
the late Colonel Willard aud moved the adoption of the Resolutions.
The Resolutions were adopted.
The Mayor, Alderman McManus, and Alderman C. Eddy were appointed a
committee to confer as to the proper arrangements for attending the funeral.
On motion, the board adjourned. F. B. Huishell, City Clerk.
The funeral services were recorded in the same paper, and
gave expression in deed to the honor voiced in word :
COLONEL WILLARD'S FUNERAL.
"The funeral of the late Colonel George Lamb Willard,
commanding the Third Brigade, Third Division, Second
Army Corps, who fell on Thursday last at the battle of
Gettysburg, took place this morning from the residence of
Honorable Elias Plum, father-in-law of the deceased officer,
in Second Street. More imposing ceremonies have rarely
been witnessed. A large procession of military, the Common
Councils of two cities, with numerous friends and relatives,
contributed to form an unusually large assemblage. The
remains of the lamented dead reposed in an elegant burial-
casket, which was guarded by the faithful servant of the
deceased, Private Wiseman. The glass case was covered
with a profusion of natural flowers. The upper part of the
face looked quite natural, but the lower portion was covered,
to hide the wound which in an instant changed the heroic
leader to a pale corpse. Many hundred persons availed
themselves of the opportunity to gaze upon the features of
the departed hero. Indeed it was with difficulty that order
was preserved among the throng that crowded about the
coffin. " Among the many persons present at the funeral cere
monies were Adjutant-General J. T. Sprague, Mayor Perry r

128 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Chief Engineer McQuade, and the Common Council of
Albany, Mayor Van Alstyne and most of the Troy Board of
Aldermen, Brigadier-General Allen and staff, the officers of
the Second Regiment, and nearly all of our prominent citi
zens. The Episcopal burial service was read by Reverend Dr.
Coit, assisted by Reverend Dr. Tucker, Reverend Mr. Maxey
and Reverend Mr. Wainwright. Its beautiful solemnity was
in keeping with the mournful occasion. At the conclusion of
the services the body was taken to the hearse — the following
officers acting as bearers: Lieutenant-Colonel Olmstead,
Major Tibbits, Major Wilson, Captain McConihe, of the late
Second Regiment ; Lieutenant Cooly of the Regular army,
and Major Burton, of General Allen's staff. The hearse was
draped with the American flag, and drawn by four horses.
The military escort was quite large, and presented a fine
appearance. Lieutenant-Colonel W. H. Lawton was in
command of the battalion. It consisted of the Troy Citi
zens' Corps, Captain Sims, several companies of the Twenty-
fourth Regiment, and a detachment of Regulars from the
Arsenal. Preceded by Doring's Band, they marched with
reversed arms to Oakwood Cemetery, where the usual ser
vices at the grave took place — the last volley over the coffin
being fired by the entire battalion. A long line of carriages
followed the body to its final resting-place.
" Thus were the last honors paid to one of the noblest vic
tims of the struggle for the Union. He fell while resist
ing the advance of a desperate foe, at the threshold of a
sister State ; he reposes among friends in beautiful Oakwood.
Citizens who honored his military talents and respected his
private character while living, have paid the last tribute to
the gallant dead. And when the echoes of this fearful con
flict die away, and the names of the slain stand as an
enduring record, the page will be a bright one that will
contain in letters of living light, the name of Colonel George
L. Willard."

CHAPTER X. t
GETTYSBURG — THIRD DAY.
/^\NE more day remained ere the great battle should end.
^-^ On the night preceding, with a caution and wisdom
which evermore characterized General Meade, he assembled
the prominent commanders of the Union forces at his head
quarters on the Taneytown road. The building, somewhat
altered and improved, still stands. But picture was taken
of the building as this appeared at the time of the battle. If
it was well selected as headquarters in view of its central
location, it was directly on the field and was completely ex
posed to artillery fire. A higher position might, for some
reasons, have been better chosen. But the commanding Gen
eral preferred to be where he personally could best direct
the troops in the engagement. At that night-council the
question submitted was: " What shall be done? Stay, and
fight it out ? If so, wait for the enemy to assault again ? If
so, how long wait, before assuming the offensive and charge
him ?" The Generals consulted, while differing in judgment
of the length of time to wait before assaulting Lee, voted
unanimously to remain and fight it out. General Meade,
fully concurring in the decision, and personally having had
from the afternoon of the first day no other thought, em
phatically announced the decision. He subsequently testi
fied before the Committee of Congress on the Conduct of
the War: "The decision fully agreed with my own views,
that we should maintain our lines as they were then held,
and that we should await the movements of the enemy, and
see whether he made any farther attack before assuming the

130 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
offensive." These words should be noted, inasmuch as three,
and only three, out of the large number of officers who served
under Meade at Gettysburg, have asserted that he had formed
a purpose to retreat; and one goes so far as to assert that
Meade was indignant at the decision of the Council. Gen
eral Meade denied this when living, and his son, Colonel
George Meade, has devoted to its refutation an entire book.
No words could be more conclusive than was General
Meade's own testimony before the Congressional Committee.
Those who knew the man would never question the credibil
ity of such language as the following: "I deny under the
full sanctity of my oath and in the firm conviction that the

general meade's headquarters.
day will come when the secrets of all men shall be known — I
utterly deny ever having intended or thought for one instant
to withdraw that army, unless the military contingencies
which the future should develop during the course of the
day, might render it a matter of necessity that the army
should be withdrawn."
There was no council of war at General Lee's headquar
ters. His purpose was formed. In view of what had been
done on his right by Longstreet, and what promised good
results on his left, he says : " These partial successes deter
mined me to continue the assault next day." Against this,
General Longstreet was most earnestly opposed. He still
adhered to his idea of withdrawing the army and throwing it

GETTYSBURG. I31
in rear of the Union forces, and, taking up a defensive posi
tion, compel Meade to fight at disadvantage. He so urged
upon General Lee, but the latter was persistent. General
Longstreet says of him, as he appeared the day before:
" He seemed under a subdued excitement which occasionally
took possession of him when ' the hunt was up,' and threat
ened his superb equipoise. He appeared to be acting under
the impulse of a great mind disturbed by unparalleled con
ditions. He seems to have been carried away by over-con
fidence in the prowess of his troops, and to have believed
that they could do anything." Afterwards, General Lee ad
mitted and positively declared that he was wrong and that
General Longstreet was right.
The morning of the third day of July dawned bright and
clear on the field of Gettysburg. At the West and around
the heights of Vicksburg, the sun arose upon our arms vic
torious and lit the way for the entrance into that town of
General Grant and his triumphant troops. It was to set
upon the hills of Gettysburg, with the Union banners waving
in victory. We will look upofi the culminating strife of the
battle from both sides of the line. What was not possible
then, is possible now, possessed as we are of the accounts of
leading actors on both sides of the scene. We thus give a
juster view of the climax of the battle. Before doing so,
however, look first to the right of our position. What threat
ened to be a serious misfortune claimed our attention the
first thing in the morning.
The withdrawal of troops from the right of our line to meet
the onset on the left, the afternoon before, left our position
between Culp's Hill and McAllister's Mills wholly exposed.
Thus when at nine o'clock in the evening of the second day,
General Johnson's Division of General Ewell's forces pressed
forward, finding no opposition, and not knowing that they
were inside of our lines, they laid down to rest. If they had
known their advantage and had pressed it, it would have
been greatly in their favor. When that portion of the
Twelfth Corps which had been stationed here, but had been

132 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
withdrawn to take part in the fight on the left, returned at
night to resume their old quarters, they found these in the
possession of the enemy. It was hard, rough ground to take
or retake in face of a determined foe, but dispositions were
made for an early assault ; hands uncovered for hard blows
on the morrow. The morrow came, and with it the blows.
How they pound, pound, pound, through the passing hours
of the morning, until the silence tells that all is well ; and the
extreme point to right on our long fishhook-line of battle
still holds the baffled enemy. Early in the morning, at four
o'clock, the fighting began at Culp's Hill, and by seven it

-«%§*

^mmmvm^

CULP S HILL.

was fully joined. What it was, the visitor now to the battle
ground may better realize as he views the position of the
opposing forces and the intervening space. It raged for five
hours, and was so spirited that General Geary, who was here
engaged, thought it must have been the chief part of the
entire battle. That was a common impression of men in
action, who most keenly realized the sternness of that part
of the strife, whose frightful breath touched their own per
sons. The action resulted in driving the rebels clear over
Rock Creek, and in the re-occupation of our works.
But turn to the left. General Lee is resolved upon an
attack upon our left centre, where was the Second Corps

GETTYSBURG. 1 33
— upon the Second and Third Divisions of which must fall
the force of the blow. (Our regiment was in the Third
Division.) Let us permit General Longstreet of the rebel
army to speak. He says: "On the next morning [of the
third] he [General Lee] came to me, and fearing that he was
still in the disposition to attack, I tried to anticipate him,
saying : ' General, I had my scouts out all night, and I find
that you still have an excellent opportunity to move around
to the right of Meade's army and manoeuvre him into attack
ing us. ' He replied, pointing with his fist at Cemetery Hill :
'The enemy is there, and I am going to strike him.' I felt
then that it was my duty to express my convictions. I said :
'General, I have been a soldier all my life. I have been with
soldiers engaged in fights by couples, by squads, companies,
regiments, divisions and armies, and should know as well as
any one what soldiers can do. It is my opinion that no
15,000 men ever arrayed for battle can take that position,'
pointing to Cemetery Hill. General Lee in reply to this
ordered me to prepare Pickett's Division for the attack."
The morning was consumed in the preparations. The plan
of assault — General Longstreet says — was as follows : " Our
artillery was to be massed in a wood from which Pickett
was to charge, and it was to pour a continuous fire upon the
Cemetery. Under cover of this fire and supported by it,
Pickett was to charge. Our artillery was in charge of
General E. P. Alexander, a brave and gifted officer." "The
arrangements were completed about one o'clock." "At
exactly 1.30 P. M.," the order was penned: "Let the bat
teries open, order great precision in firing."
Hasten back within our lines. At the time mentioned,
while many of our men were resting and sleeping on the
ground ; while some were eating and others smoking, sud
denly the storm of death anew burst forth. From the south
west, west, north and northeast poured the missiles of death.
A hundred and forty guns roared and spit from hot mouths
the thunderbolts, to which our artillery from four score can
non sent lightning reply. For about an hour and a-half the

134 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
fiery storm throbs on. The air all over the wide field was
fierce and heavy with the iron hail. The greater portion
of the field was swept by the fiery shot. Horses and men
dropped crushed and dead. The main objective point was
our left centre, where was our regiment, and near which were
General Meade's headquarters. Swinton writes of this can
nonading : "Asa spectacle, this — the greatest artillery com
bat that ever occurred on the continent — was magnificent
beyond description, and realized all that is grandiose in the
circumstance of war."
About half-past two, by order of the Union Commander,
our guns for the most part ceased firing, in order to give
them an opportunity to cool ; for the object of the rebel
bombardment was divined by our officers as the customary
prelude to a charge. But hurry to General Longstreet's side
again. A note comes from General Alexander to General
Pickett — who is near Longstreet, that reads as follows : " If
you are coming at all you must come at once, or I cannot
give you proper support, but the enemy's fire has not
slackened at all ; at least eighteen guns are still firing from
the Cemetery itself." The note is handed to General Long-
street. He describes what followed : " After I had read
the note, Pickett said to me : ' General, shall I advance ? '
My feelings had so overcome me that I would not speak for
fear of betraying my want of confidence in him. I bowed
affirmation and turned to mount my horse. Pickett imme
diately said : ' I shall lead my division forward, sir.' I
spurred my horse to the wood where Alexander was stationed
with artillery. When I reached him he told me of the disap
pearance of the seven guns which were to have led the
charge with Pickett, and that his ammunition was so low
that he could not properly support the charge. I at once
ordered him to stop Pickett until the ammunition had been
replenished. He then informed me that he had no ammu
nition with which to replenish. I then saw that there was
no help for it, and that Pickett must advance under his
orders. He swept past our artillery in splendid style, and

GETTYSBURG.

'5-.

the men marched steadily and compactly down the slope.
As they started up the ridge, over one hundred cannon
from the breastworks of the Federals hurled a rain of can
ister, grape and shell down upon them ; still they pressed
on until half way up the slope, when the crest of the hill was
lit up with a solid sheet of flame as the masses of infantry
rose and fired. When the smoke cleared away Pickett's

REBEL CHARGE ON CEMETERY HILL.
Gettysburg, July 3d, 1863.
TIIIBD BRIGADE, 3d DIV., 2d COEPS.
Division was gone. Nearly two-thirds of his men lay dead
on the field, and the survivors were sullenly retreating down
the hill. Mortal man could not have stood the fire."
Now, look through Union eyes from Cemetery Hill west
ward. See ! from the woods covering Seminary Ridge that
magnificent line of men— a mile long, three lines deep,
and each line a double line— upwards of fifteen thousand
strong, marching with banners flying, marching as on dress

136 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
parade. One part overlaps to left, and another part to right
the advancing lines. And they are coming towards us in
a last desperate charge, coming over an open, undulating
field a mile in width. Desperation of desperation ! On the
hill is the Second Corps ; and the rest of the Union army is
in good, strong position to right and left. Now, belch once
more, Union guns ! And the solid shot from left and right
and front dart at the desperate men. As they come nearer,
the shell burst among them ; nearer still, and the canis
ter rains upon them. They are at Emmettsburg road.
They mount the fence. Now, at them, men ! Commanded
" to hold the fire until the enemy come near enough," the
moment to strike has come. And the infantry, along the
crest of the assaulted hill, arise and pour full into the faces
of the foe the death-winged bullet. In front of us they fall,
or surrender, or speed back. To left they press forward ;
they touch, at " death angle," the stone wall. The brave
Armistead and four-score men at his call cross the wall, only
to drop wounded or dead ; Armistead, soon to die. Another
two thousand surrender ; the remainder, not dead or helpless,
fly to their rear. And the glad shout of victory goes sweep
ing along the Union lines. Meade is riding forward ; he is
met by an aide who tells him of the rebel repulse. General
Meade lifts his hand and waves it, and exclaims, " Thank
God !" and the loyal people over all the North soon bowed
reverently their heads and responded heartily, Amen !
But, what of the regiment ? Some of its number had been
on the skirmish line all day. Lieutenant Merritt Miller, with
others, had served in command of the skirmishers during the
morning; and another of our officers, Captain Samuel C.
Armstrong, was in charge of the brigade pickets, from before
the cannonading and under its fierce progress. During the
morning the men hugged the ground, for the firing was hot,
the rebels pouring in a flank fire on the picket-line, from the
houses of Gettysburg, killing and wounding some of our
men. About noon, Captain Armstrong withdrew the line
for rest to the reserve station on the Emmettsburg road ; and

GETTYSBURG.

'37

at this point they were under the artillery fire which pre
ceded Pickett's charge. The shot and shell from both sides
passed over their heads. Noticing a lull in the cannonading,
Captain Armstrong looked around and saw the Confederate
lines marching grandly down the slope towards our men. He
immediately ordered the entire picket-reserve and all whom
he could muster — about seventy-five all told — to fall in, and
led them on the " double-quick " about three hundred yards
down the Emmettsburg road, to get at the enemy in flank.

CAPTAIN SAMUEL C. ARMSTRONG.

Finding a rail fence at right angle to their advancing line,
some sixty or seventy yards from their extreme left, he posted
his men along the rail fence. They took position unflinch
ingly ; and, resting their rifles on the top of the fence, took
deliberate aim and poured a murderous fire into the rebel
flank, comprising Pettigrew's men. The Confederate leader
afterwards confessed surprise that this part of the charging
line should have been the first to break. To the Eighth Ohio
has been given the credit for the flank fire which contributed
efficiently to this result. But, distinct record should go into

I38 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
general history of Captain Armstrong's brave and skillful part
at that important point of the battle. From Captain Arm
strong's position the Confederate dead could be seen lying in
heaps. Hundreds of the charging line prostrated themselves
on their backs in the Emmettsburg road, and waved their
hats and handkerchiefs in token of surrender. Some of the
bravest rushed close to the main Union line, and fell a few
yards away. Of the five officers who served with Captain
Armstrong in his brave action, which aided in the great vic
tory secured, he was the only survivor. As he remembers,
the first Confederate line near his position was nearly all shot
down or captured ; the second line did not support the first
efficiently ; and the third did not get at all into the thick of
the fight.
The position of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth during
Pickett's charge was immediately behind the stone wall,
at the place occupied by the regiment during the second
day and before the charge made in the swale, where Colonel
Willard was killed. The position was directly to the left of
the Bryan barn. Some one not connected with the regiment
has located the position on a second line some yards to the
rear of the stone wall. This error will be corrected when a
monument marks — as it soon will — the true ground. Other
troops were mingled with our regiment at the crucial point.
When the rebel line broke, our color-sergeant, Harrison
Clark, sprang over the wall and bore the flag proudly down
the slope to the fence skirting the Emmettsburg road. In
the shelling that preceded the charge, among others killed
was John W. Defreest, a near relative of the writer ; one
who had passed with his brother and his captain, Ephraim
Wood of H Company, through the rebel lines investing Har
per's Ferry.
Bravely standing behind that historic stone wall was the
captain just named, who scorned the defence of even a low
field-marking fence, and with needless boldness faced death.
And death came. A bullet pierced his abdomen, and he
was borne from the field to the hospital at Rock Creek,

GETTYSBURG. 1 39
there — the next day — to die. Willard D. Green, of H Com
pany, saw him the moment he was struck. Sergeant Jacob
Houch and the writer kneeled at the brave dying man's side,
who, after intense suffering, passed away, speaking with last
breath the name of his wife. Captain Wood was always
much interested in military affairs. He was, before the war,
Captain of the Troy City Artillery Company. He was born
May 14th, 1818. He was a man of true, firm principle. The
writer once heard him, when he was asked to put his name
to a paper, of the correctness of which he did not know, say :

CAPTAIN EPHRAIM WOOD.
" I cannot do it." When told, that he might venture to do it,
he replied : " I will do right, though the heavens fall." His
short career with the regiment, displayed, in all of its phases,
from Harper's Ferry to Gettysburg, the qualities of a true
man and a brave soldier. He died a true Christian.
Captain Thomas F. Sheldon was also among the wounded
in the battle. A bullet pierced his arm. The wound was
slow in healing. He returned to the regiment the following
winter. He was with his company at Cold Harbor, and at
the first engagement of the regiment before Petersburg, af-

140 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. Ji. VOLS.

ter which he returned home sick with typhoid fever. Cap
tain Sheldon was a faithful officer, and was unusually cheer
ful of spirit. He was born at Millville, N. Y., March 22d,
1840. When three years old he moved to Troy. Later, he
made his home at Greenpoint, L. I. In 1859 ne returned to
Troy and became shipping clerk in the foundry of Smith,
Sheldon & Co. He was a member of the Troy Citizens'
Corps ; and, filled with military ardor, he united with Cap
tain S. C. Armstrong in raising D Company of the One Hun-

CAPTAIN THOMAS F. SHELDON.
dred and Twenty-fifth Regiment. He is still living at the
time of this writing. He makes his home at Greenpoint,
L. I., and, to the great regret of his old comrades, is suffering
through almost complete blindness. Among others severely
wounded were comrades Henry Wheeler and Eugene L.
Demers. Both of these men were, previous to their enlist
ment employees, in the office of the Troy Times, the former
returning to his old position and there remaining until the
present. Each lost a leg at Gettysburg, and both have been

GETTYSBURG.

141

honored since the war with positions of responsibility. The
former has served as assistant door-keeper, assistant sergeant-
at-arms and sergeant-at-arms of the N.Y. State Assembly ;
and the latter has been honored by the voters of his district
with election to the office of Assemblyman. Mr. Demers is
a brother of the late George W. Demers, who for years was
eminent as a journalist, and possessed rare gifts as a speaker ;
and, for a time, filled — as pastor — the pulpit of the Sand
Lake Baptist Church.
Lieutenants Donald Gillis, an accomplished officer and a

LIEUTENANT LEE CHURCHILL.
brave man, and Aaron J. Goodrich, were among the wounded.
Lieutenant Lee Churchill, although receiving four wounds,
held to his place, failing to go to the rear. He was a man
of few words, but his fidelity and valor were proved in re
peated battles, and his record continues with that of the reg
iment. Abner Quitterfield lost an arm in the battle. The
full record of the killed and wounded in this and the follow
ing engagements of the regiment will be found in the roster.
H. D. Coleman, suffering still from the effects of injuries re
ceived through the concussion of a shell at Harper's Ferry,
remained with the regiment until after Gettysburg. He was

142 O.NE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

one of the men, known as " privates," who under the leader
ship of brave men, wrought the hard work of the war. The
sword filled its important place ; but that place was to point
the way for the rifle and the cannon to deal their effective
blows. Equal honor is due to officers and enlisted men who
fought at Gettysburg and on scores of bloody fields. Lieu-

¦'. \ •¦V--.^,.?.Yu.;

H. D. COLEMAN.
tenant-colonel Crandell received several slight wounds, but
refrained from making mention of them.
The losses in the entire battle were appalling. But they
fell with unusual severity upon the Confederate army, which
had less future resources to draw upon. On the Union side
fell 2,834 killed ; 13,709 wounded ; 6,643 missing. The Con
federates lost 3,500 killed; 14,500 wounded; 13,621 missing;
an aggregate, on both sides, of over 50,000, or considerably
more than one fourth of the entire forces engaged. An
estimate has been made of the casualties as compared with
other great historic battles. It reads:

GETTYSBURG. 1 43
" It is not uninteresting to state what have been the
bloodiest battles of the last hundred years, that is, to com
pute the percentage of loss to the numbers engaged. Within
the allotted time the Napoleonic battles come first. The
battle of Lodi, Bonaparte's first brilliant success, was simply
the daring passage of a bridge, and does not enter into the
computation. Areola was the most sanguinary struggle of
the Italian campaign. The forces engaged numbered about
70,000, and the loss was about 25,000, or about 35 per cent.
At Rivioli there were 80,000 men engaged, and the loss was
40,000, but 20,000 of these consisted of Austrians who sur
rendered to Napoleon, so that the real loss was only 25 per
cent. "After Bonaparte's return from Egypt he fought the battle
of Marengo. In its results this was one of the most momen
tous engagements in history, but all accounts agree that it
was the worst-planned and worst-fought of all Bonaparte's
victories. There were 60,000 men engaged, and the loss was
17,000, or about 18 per cent. At the battle of Austerlitz,
which by many is considered Napoleon's most brilliant vic
tory, the French and Austro-Russian armies numbered
210,000 men, and the loss was 40,000, or about 18 per cent.
At Jena-Auerstadt there were 325,000 men engaged, and
the loss was 40,000, or about 12 per cent. At Borodino-
there were 170,000 men in battle, and 80,000 were killed and
wounded, amounting to more than 47 per cent. At Leipsic
there were 500,000 men in the battle, which lasted three
days, and the loss was 1 10,000, or 22 per cent. At Waterloo
140,000 men were engaged and the loss was 40,000, or 28
percent. In the Crimean War there were 125,000 men at
the battle of Inkermann, and the casualties amounted to
25,000, or 20 per cent. At Magenta there were 225,000 men ;
the loss was about 11 per cent., or about 25,000. At Solfe-
rino there were 250,000, and the loss was 40,000, or 16 per
cent. At Sadowa the hostile forces numbered 425,000, and
70,000, or 16 per cent., were killed and wounded. At Grave-
lotte there were 450,000 men in the encounter, of whom

144 0NE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
35,000, or about 8 per cent, were killed and wounded. At
Shiloh the armies numbered 90,000. and the loss was 30,000
or one-third. At Fredericksburg there were 180,000, and
the loss was 20,000, or 1 1 per cent. At Antietam there
were 150,000, and the loss was 20,000, or about 13 per cent.
At Chickamauga there were 105,000, and the loss was 30,000,
or 29 per cent. At Chancellorsville there were 150,000, and
the loss was 30,000, or 29 per cent. At Gettysburg there
were 160,000, and the loss amounted to 57,000, or 39 per
cent. Thus the figures show that Borodino was the blood
iest battle of modern times, with Gettysburg in the second
place." The fighting on both sides during the three days' battle
was unsurpassed. General Longstreet declares of the en
gagement of the second afternoon, that it was " the best
three hours' fighting ever done on any battle-field." But it
was not a one sided story. For two hours Sickles held his
line, and Peach Orchard, at the salient, was not fairly pene
trated until si.x o'clock. General Graham, in command at
that point, made a brave stand, and fell, severely wounded,
into the hands of the enemy. General Sickles himself was
shot down near the Trostle house, and has since walked a
maimed man. The evening of that day found our men to
west of the wheat-field, and the rebels back at the Em
mettsburg road. Never did the rebels make grander charge
than on the afternoon of the third day, and never was valiant
foe more valiantly repulsed. A thin line of men on Ceme
tery Hill, and along the stone wall turned back the charge,
and gathered the large fruitage, in men and colors, of victory.
Six thousand men defeated a force estimated at from four
teen to nineteen thousand strong. As one rebel officer came
within our line, he looked about and asked, " Where are your
men ?" He was pointed to the line and told " There they
are," upon which he said : "If I had known that this is all
you have, I would not have surrendered." General Alexan
der Hays, in speech more emphatic than pious, said to him :
" Go back and try it over."

GETTYSBURG. 145
The moral effect of the Union triumph was great. Wrote
Pollard : " In twenty-four hours two calamities (Gettysburg
and Vicksburg) changed all the aspects of the war, and
brought the South from an unequalled exaltation of hope to
the very brink of despair.
As the battle closed a shower came up, and on the eastern
sky was painted by the hand of God a beautiful rainbow. It
was a remembrancer of his promises to the world : not only
to the natural world, that the waters of the deluge should
never return to destroy the earth, but of his gracious prom
ise, that Truth and Right should triumph among men ; and
of his assurances given to the hearts of good men at the com
mencement of the war, that our country should prevail in its
struggle for Nationality and Liberty ; to which assurance true
hearts clung with the tenacity of an earnest Christian faith
through all the dark hours of strife in 1862 and the spring of
'63. The hope again inspired was fulfilled. The bow of
promise, bent above the stormy waves of rebellion, was the
forerunner of the final receding of the fierce strife. At
Gettysburg the tide of rebellion was turned back, never to
rise so defiantly again. The battle of Gettysburg was the
turning-point of the war at the East, as the fall of Vicksburg
was at the West ; and in the double victory the East was
joined to the West in that onward series of successes that
overwhelmed the Rebellion and secured the continuance of
the Union.
The shower alluded to was succeeded by a rain which fell
freely, as if to wash the blood-stains from the earth, and heal
the scarred ground, seamed with shot and shell and new-
made graves. But oh ! it did not heal the bruised men nor
the wounded hearts in the tens of thousands of homes —
North and South — of the killed and wounded in the awful
strife. If no pen can faithfully describe such a battle as Gettys
burg, so no hand could picture the scenes between the lines
and at the rear, after rifle and sword and artillery had con
cluded their work. Wrote one soldier, detailed to bury the

146 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
dead : " They lay in great winrows on the ground." And
at the rear were the dead, and the dying, and the suffering
wounded. Barns and houses were crowded with wounded
men. The outlying grounds were covered. On rude benches
the surgeons wrought their needful, merciful work. The
barn — on the Taneytown road, on the very battle-field — that
served as a hospital for the men of the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth and of other regiments, after the fighting of the
second day, was full of the wounded. The stalls were full of
them ; the loft was full ; the yard in front and rear was full.
When, on the afternoon of the third day, the shelling opened
and the barn was found exposed, the surgeons were directed
to Rock Creek, and the wounded who could walk went with
the surgeons, but many wounded remained. One man —
whom the writer has recently learned was Hiram D. Clark —
was lying unconscious, with leg just amputated, on the oper
ating bench, midway on the floor of the barn, as the storm of
shell burst around the place. But he aroused from the
effects of the chloroform administered, with a smile on his
lips, and remained uncomplainingly all that fearful afternoon.
Dreadful was the night which followed. The rain now fell
as in torrents. The densest darkness filled the woods by the
creek, as the sad cries — the very wailings of the wounded
peopled the air with images of distress. That night, given
to the care of hundreds of suffering men — Confederates and
Union men mingled — remains a dark, dread memory. But,
over against the darkness of the suffering was the brightness
of victory ; and the price paid in blood was none too great
for the fruitage to the Nation and the world. Some things
are evermore costly ; and they are the more prized because
their price is paid in blood and death. Rock Creek, in that
night of storm, overflowed its banks, and the ground where
the wounded were lying was flooded. The men were hastily
moved, some of them being taken from a foot depth of water.
The writer had opportunity then to witness the bravery of
men whose valor was equally manifested in enduring suffer
ing as on battle-field.

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1

LEVIN CRANDELL

COL. 125th REGT., N.Y. V. IN F'Y.

CHAPTER XI.
FORWARD AND BACKWARD.
WILLIAMSPORT  CEDAR MOUNTAIN  ROBERTSON RIVER — AUBURN — BRISTOE.
1VTONE too much space has been devoted to Gettysburg,
-*- ^ the great central battle of the war. Well had it been
if that engagement had determined fully the war for the
Union ; as, in the event of disaster to the Army of the Poto
mac, it might have proved decisive against the Union. Opin
ion will always be divided at the point whether General
Meade might have followed Pickett's charge with an aggres
sive blow which could have completely destroyed Lee's army.
Rebel generals claim that had such an assault been made,
Pickett's disaster would have been reversed ; for they hold
that the position at Seminary Ridge and the disposition of
their troops could easily have enabled them to turn back a
charge of the Union forces. General Meade declared that the
mistake of General Sickles on the afternoon of the second
day, that cost us so many men, rendered a counter-charge im
practicable ; notwithstanding the Sixth Corps had remained
out of the fight. Lee put to the front every division of his
army. One Corps, the largest of the Union Army, coming
late on the field, was held, to the last, on reserve. Truth
is, the end was not yet to be. The war must go on until the
South should be hopelessly crippled, and would of necessity
yield all claim to slavery ; and until the North had suffered
so greatly that it would never consent to a revival of the
legalized bondage of the black man. Providence wove its
divine decrees through all the intricate and crimson network
of the long-continued strife.

148 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
If General Meade did not strike immediately after the re
pulse of the final charge made by the rebels on the afternoon
of the 3d day of July, he did move promptly on the morn
ing of the 5th. Lee's forces were withdrawn from the left
of their line on the night of the 3d, and our skirmishers
pressed towards the enemy. Some of our troops passed
through Gettysburg on the 4th. The division skirmishers
in our front were on that day under direction of Lieutenant-
Colonel Crandell, commanding our regiment.
On the night of the 4th, Lee's retreat was fairly under
way. Our regiment with the Corps started in pursuit on the
night of the 5th, moving to Two Taverns, here remaining
the 6th. Taneytown was reached on the 7th ; Frederick
City, on the 8th; Rohrersville, on the 9th; Tighlmanton,
on the 10th ; and by the 12th of the month Lee was con
fronted by our army near Williamsport, north of the Poto
mac. He fortified his position strongly. It is now known
that his ammunition was almost exhausted, which was also
true on the evening of July 3d. This fact was not known
by General Meade at the time. The Union troops were
eager for the anticipated assault. For two hours did they
stand in line under a pelting rain, fervently desiring to be led
forward in a charge upon the rebels. They were full of con
fidence and were nerved by the highest hopes of crushing
Lee and ending the war. It was not deemed best to charge
immediately upon coming up to the enemy. A council of
war was not unanimous in favoring it. When the advance
was made early on the morning of the 14th, it was General
Meade's judgment that was carried out. But then the op
portunity to overwhelm Lee had passed. He had crossed
the river and was on his way in retreat southward. In the
pursuit, now continued, the Second Corps, temporarily under
command of Brigadier General Wm. Hays, crossed the river
at Harper's Ferry. But it was not, as after Antietam, to sit
down on Maryland and Bolivar Heights to rest and await
the offices of the quartermaster. The halt was brief ; contin
uing through only the 16th and 17th. The effort on Gen-

MANASSAS GAP.

I49

eral Meade's part was determined. He sought to strike the
enemy in flank, and for this purpose pushed for Manassas
Gap. That was a rapid, rough march — through brooks and
over stones — that brought us near the firing intended to be
the prelude of a battle. It was so rough that at one point
the writer heard a comrade exclaim : " I wish I was Henry
Ward Beecher." "Why, pray tell?" " Because," said the sol
dier, " I want to swear, and I am not eloquent enough for
the occasion." We were turned back from this movement,
and east of the mountains still pressed southward, following
the direction of Lee's retreat. The river had been crossed
at Harper's Ferry on the 18th, the Corps moving to Hills
boro; on the 19th, to Woodgrove; on the 20th, to Bloom
field. Here the troops remained until the 22d. On that
day the Corps marched to Paris: on the 23d, to Linden; on
the 24th, to Markham Station ; on the 25th, to White Plains ;
on the 26th, to Germantown, where the Corps rested three
days. On the 30th, the Corps moved to Elk Run, and the
next day to Morrisville, where it went into camp.
Atfer crossing the Potomac at Harper's Ferry, and in the
southward move, we passed through Loudon Valley. It was
the season of blackberries. The bushes hung heavy with the
ripe fruit, and the ground was black with the low growth of
the same berry. The whole army had an improvised picnic.
There were more than enough berries to feed an entire army ;
and the soldiers, full well needing just then such a treat,
made the most of a luxury which served as well as a medi
cine. On that march we came also, of a Sunday, to a large
farm owned by a pronounced rebel. His larder was full, his
granary was overflowing, his fields were rich with flocks.
The innocent sheep were enjoying the beautiful summer
day ; and the men were hungry — were hungry for fresh meat.
The barnyard was musical with fowl, and the men were fond
of that sort of music. Some of the enlisted men went to the
door of the Southern mansion and offered to buy food ; for
in the heat of the pursuit, rations were not fully received.
The Southern gentleman would not sell, and despised the ac-

150 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
cursed "greenback." The facts of the case became known.
Then followed what was rarely permitted. No orders were
given, but the commanding officers at our point of the
ground must have been abstracted in thought, or were look
ing in an unfavorable direction ; for the men marched into
the rebel's house and emptied his larder. W'agons backed
to the granary and were filled with corn. The writer, coming
out from a quiet retreat by a brook flowing among a growth
of trees, saw the men — some still at work hunting sheep, and
others broiling mutton. As he passed along, he was saluted
with the words, "Have some mutton, Chaplain?" It was
good. He saw also braces of fowl across the saddles of gen
erals' orderlies ; but the generals looked innocent. " Mutton-
Camp " has still a pleasing, odorous place in the minds of the
survivors of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth.
Our encampment at Morrisville, near Elk Run, continued
through August and a part of September. It was broken in
upon, August 31st, by a two days' expedition to Hartwood
Church in support of a cavalry reconnoissance. On the
27th of July, Captain S. C. Armstrong, Lieutenants John
Quay and L. H. Crandell, with four non-commissioned offi
cers and two privates, started from camp for New York on
recruiting service. Much sickness prevailed among the men
in their long encampment. The weather was very oppres
sive. On the 8th of August, Brigadier-General Joshua T.
Owen assumed command of our brigade. This officer became
quite popular with our men, for he was a man of pleasing
address and an eloquent speaker — who took occasion several
times, during his continuance with the 'brigade, to deliver
spirited addresses. On the 12th of August, General G. K.
Warren was placed in command of our corps, General Han
cock being absent and still suffering from his Gettysburg
wound. General Warren made a most happy impression on
our men, and was doubtless a careful soldier, and in some
respects an able general. His great service at Little Round
Top had favored his advance to a major-generalship ; and
while not prepared to condemn the action which late in the

ELK RUN. I 5 I
war sent him, deprived of command, to the rear, the writer
can but deplore that misfortune which darkened the last
years of General Warren's life.
The Army of the Potomac lost soon after Gettysburg two
of its corps — the Eleventh and Twelfth, both of which had
wrought well at Gettysburg. The break of the former corps
on the 2d of July, '63, was far different from its panic-stricken
rout at Chancellorsville ; while the Twelfth Corps occupied
with great valor the important point of Culp's Hill at Get-

CAPTAIN W. K. NEWCOMB.

tysburg. Both of these bodies of men were henceforth to
be a part of the forces operating at the West.
On the 9th of August the regiment lost one of its choicest
officers — the brave and gifted Newcomb. Lieutenant L. H.
Stevens, who had been intimately associated with Captain
W. K. Newcomb in college life and in army service, writes
of him : " He was a noble fellow. There is nothing you
can say that will exaggerate his noble character. I have
been thrown in contact with many good fellows and many
celebrated men in my later life ; but Newcomb stands as my
beau ideal of a pure, unselfish, Christian character. He was

152 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
generous to a fault, broad and charitable in his views of all
matters, and withal a graceful and eloquent speaker, and
endowed with talents that would have made their mark had
his life been spared." Captain Newcomb fell, not under
stroke of bullet or sword or shell, but through the subtle,
hot shafts of a fatal fever. But, like many another, he as
truly gave his life a heroic sacrifice for his country as if the
hoarse enginery of battle had piped the honors of his death.
On the 1 2th of September the regiment broke camp and
marched to Rappahannock Station. On the 13th, the river
was crossed, the infantry supporting the cavalry, who encoun
tered the enemy at Brandy Station, our forces driving the
rebels to Cedar Mountain. From the 13th to the 16th, the
men were encamped at Culpepper Court House. We moved
next, to Cedar Mountain, where a year before a part of
General Pope's army was stationed. Here General Banks
made a determined fight and lost heavily. We were near
the Rapidan and the rebel pickets were in plain view. Our
picket-line was equally exposed, but, by a tacit understand
ing, there was to be no firing unless a forward, move should
be attempted by one side or the other.
Changes were at this time made in the regiment. Lieuten
ant-Colonel L. Crandell received his commission as Colonel,
with rank from July 2d. Major A. B. Myer was made Lieu
tenant-Colonel ; Captain S. C. Armstrong, Major ; First
Lieutenants W. H. Hakes, John Quay and Joseph Hyde were
made Captains ; Second Lieutenants L. H. Crandell and
Merritt Miller became First Lieutenants ; Sergeant-Major
F. A. Morey was commissioned as Second Lieutenant, as
were also Sergeant I. DeWitt Coleman and Corporal E. L. P.
Clapp. We witnessed here for the first time a scene subsequently
more than once repeated. It was a military execution. Stern
measures had been adopted to prevent desertion. The men
were marched to the place where the deserters were to be
shot. They were made to form three sides of a square, and
when in position, the deserters were escorted by the detail

ROBERTSON RIVER. 1 53
appointed to do the shooting, to the fatal ground, the band
playing the " dead march." The coffins and graves were in
readiness at the open space of the square. The deserters
were seated on their coffins, their eyes were bandaged, and at
the appointed signal the detail fired. At these military
executions the bullet sometimes did its work quickly, and
men were hurled by the force of the fire completely over
their coffins. At other times there was failure somewhere,
and — as at Cedar Mountain — repeated volleys were fired,
officers with their revolvers aiding in the ghastly work. Oc
casionally men were hung. This was done when a deserter
had not only gone into the rebel lines but had joined the
rebel ranks. The writer saw one man hung for " rape."
What of the men executed ? Some of them appeared to
realize the dread reality of death. One man seemed disposed
to brave it out. He had prepared himself for a "scene."
Approaching jauntily his coffin, he deliberately took off his
coat, folded it into a cushion, seated himself upon it, folded
his arms, submitted to the bandaging of his eyes, and then,
in a few seconds was shot dead. What of the men who wit
nessed such scenes ? Many of them were impressed by the
solemnity of the occasion ; others marched laughing, joking
and swearing to the field of death. What of the general
effects ? So far as the writer could judge, desertions de
creased. Our picket-line extended to Robertson River. On the
southern bank of the river was the rebel line, the men on
either side being within speaking distance of one another.
At one point, the bank on the farther side was steep and
high, and at a house on the high ground was the reserve
rebel post. The rebel pickets nearest our position were
missed from their post in the early days of October. Our
regiment was called out in the night to the picket line. An
effort was to be made to determine whether the rebels had
really withdrawn from our entire front. An incident now
occurred worthy of mention, not from its magnitude but as
serving at once the purposes of information, and as display-

154 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
ing the metal and spirit of the men of our regiment. When
this came to the appointed place, General Alexander Hays
called for thirty volunteers to cross the river and to recon
noitre. Between one and two hundred men and a number
of officers stepped at once to the front. The whole regiment
was in readiness to go. The required number was counted
from the right. There was a clamor among the officers as
to who should be permitted to lead the party. Captain
George E. Lemon, with much decisiveness said : " General,
I claim, as senior line officer, the right to lead these men."
His claim was conceded. He was accompanied by Lieu
tenant E. S. P. Clapp of our regiment, and Captain R. S.
Seabury of General Hays' staff. Captain Seabury was
afterwards killed in the Wilderness, and his body was taken
for burial to Bloomfield, New Jersey. The party forded the
stream, made their way to the headquarter house of the
rebel pickets, and found this vacant. After doing all the
duty assigned, they returned to the regiment, and report
was made to the commanding general. The writer can tes
tify as an eye witness of the fidelity of the officers and
enlisted men. The expedition aided in disclosing a fact
soon fully apparent, that General Lee had inaugurated
another forward movement — now on the flank of the Army
of the Potomac.
The Second Corps was relieved from duty on the advance
on Monday, October 5th, and the next day marched back to
Culpepper Court House. From here the steps were still
backward ; for we soon learned of the rebel movement. On
Saturday, October ioth, we were placed in line of battle west
of Culpepper, facing the Blue Ridge. The next day we
marched to Bealton via Rappahannock Station. On the 12th,
the entire brigade was on picket duty. The day following
we marched to Auburn Ford via Warrenton Junction. On
the night of the 13th of October we bivouacked in the woods.
The word passed among the men that we were surrounded
by the rebels. There was a show of reason for this ; for
some rebel cavalry, not wholly with design on their part,

AUBURN.

155

were in a position that placed us between two parts of the
rebel lines. But it was gratifying to hear the expressions
of confidence in General Meade ; and the basis of confidence
given was, that he was a Christian man. The men always
made a distinction in the ability of an officer to " lead them
into battle" and to "lead them out." Some officers, they
believed, were good to lead them into battle, but there their
ability ended. General Meade was accounted good for both
purposes.

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ENGAGEMENT OF THE 125th N. Y. VOLS. AT AUBURN.
Oct. 14th, 1863.
CoL Buffain of N. C. mortally wounded.
Early in the morning of October 14th we filed out of the
woods, the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth being on the lead.
As we moved out we saw to our left and in near proximity a
flying battery hurrying along at the top of the horses' speed.
We judged it to belong to our forces, but the mistake was
soon manifest. It was planted in our front, and with it hur
ried into position a regiment of rebel cavalry. Fire was
opened upon us quick and sharp. The regiment was de-
156 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
ployed to left of the road. The skirmishers fell back, but
the line advanced. Martin Lawler of F Company was killed ;
Private H. L. Green of B Company, and James L. Smith of
H Company were wounded ; and Corporal Francis Wilson
of H Company was mortally wounded. As he came in from
the skirmish line, with one hand pressed upon the wound
and the other waving in triumph, he cried out : " Colonel,
don't let that regiment get whipped. See what the rebels
have done for me. Tell my wife, if I don't recover, that I
am not a coward." He was a brave man and a good soldier.
He soon died from his wounds. Captain William -D. Taylor
barely escaped a stroke from the sword of the rebel colonel,
Thomas Ruffin, First North Carolina Cavalry, who was shot
down by a member of D Company, his sword falling into the
hands of Captain Taylor, who still retains its possession. Dr.
Washington Akin dressed the wounded officer's head. The
regiment, with the brigade, pressed forward scattering the
rebel cavalry and capturing a number of prisoners.
Our line of march was now towards Catlett's Station.
Our Corps formed the rear of our army. We were at this
time moving on the two lines of a triangle. The rebels
were moving on the base line, with the danger to us of strik-
us in the flank. Would they attempt this? The question
was answered that afternoon. About noon we halted at
Catlett's Station, General Meade and his staff being at this
time with us. He will be remembered as, mounted, he was
looking through field-glass in the direction of the enemy.
In the afternoon our pace was quickened by the sound of
firing ahead of us. The enemy nearing Bristoe Station saw
•beyond this the rear of the Fifth Corps; and, judging that
this was the very rear of our army, opened fire and prepared
to press forward. But in reality they struck our flank, and
threatened to come between the Second Corps and the rest
of the army. It was the sound of the artillery assailing the
Fifth Corps that we had heard. At the place where the
rebel guns opened, the Second New York Volunteers, more
than a year before, in the Pope Campaign, had fought the

BRISTOE.

-57

rebels Now another Troy regiment was hurried forward on
the double quick for several hours. It was about four o'clock
in the afternoon when we came upon some high ground,
where was General Warren and his staff. He gave the hasty
command- "Get down to that railroad embankment as
quickly as you can." The men were brought by the left
flank into line of battle and were ordered to charge. They
started on a run, but in good line. Beyond a railroad em-

BATTLE OF BRISTOE. OCT. 14th, 1663.
TIIIED BEIQADE, 3d DIV., 2d COEPS.
Seizing the Eailroad Out.
banliment in sight, several hundred yards away, the ground
arose and passed to some woods. On the open ground was
a dwelling house. The men had scarcely started, when forth
from the woods beyond the embankment issued the rebel
ne of battle. They moved part way down the field and
halting, opened fire. The bullets flew about our heads like
hil. The men paused not to reply, but hurried on ; paused
not, save those who fell, unable farther to move. The wn-

158 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
ter stopped at one after another of the wounded, to render
momentary aid, and by the time the regiment was at the
embankment, and the battle of Bristoe was fully joined, he
was part way down the open field. He dropped at the side
of a wounded man, and though fully exposed, was in the
best position to see the fight. The man at his side received
another wound. The writer saw rebel bullets explode
during the battle, and knows positively, therefore, that this
barbarous means was employed in rebel guns as the battle
progressed. The rebels were falling fast. They had come
this side of the house in the field. They sought to press
forward on their left, and there was a momentary confusion
in our line (not our regimental line) at this point. The writer
saw a Union officer ride along, and with drawn sword drive
the demoralized ones back to their place. Now, some Union
guns to our right are in good position. Shells are hurled at
short range into the rebel line. The execution was fearful.
The line was cut down in great gaps. They could not
endure it. They turned, and essayed to move off in good
order, but, in a minute they scattered and fled like affrighted
sheep. A skirmish line was thrown out from our front.
Up in the edge of the woods is a rebel battery. Our skir
mishers speed forward. The gunners flee. Lieutenant
Harry L. Haskell with others are hurrying the pieces to our
lines. Lieutenant Lee Churchill, who, when the infantry
firing ceased had sought a man whom he had heard called
Churchill, noticing the skirmishers moving, hastened to join
them and seized hold of one of the guns and was drag
ging it to our lines, when a Union officer called to him to
hurry, as the rebel skirmishers were now coming from the
woods. He made his way with the cannon under protection
of the house repeatedly referred to, and, calling to his aid
some men, brought the piece — making four in all of the cap
tured cannon — within our lines. Brave act ! Brave service
the entire battle ! True the victory, and larger this than
we then knew, for a large part of the rebel army was there,
and might have used to great advantage the hours yet

BRISTOE.

159

remaining until dark; for, by misunderstanding, our Corps
was separated from the army by a wide and unfortunate gap
between our Corps and the Fifth Corps. The captain com
manding that rebel battery was cashiered ; and a Richmond
paper expressed considerable mystification at the fact that
the rear of a retreating army (as it was pleased to speak of
our army) should defeat a pursuing force and capture a part
of its guns. Yet the deed was done, and the men of the

CAPTAIN WILLIAM H. PLUMB.

One Hundred and Twenty-fifth retain a commendable pride
in having part in doing it. But, brave men of our regiment
have fallen — wounded and dead. Of the killed were Benja
min Yandau of A Company, and James M. Cole of B
Company. Of the officers wounded was Captain George E.
Lemon, who received a bullet in his leg that could not be
extracted, and that he carries bedded in his flesh to the day
of this writing. One of the men of his company, writing
home, said : " Captain Lemon is a hero ; after he was
wounded he staid and fought until the enemy were re
pulsed." And Captain William H. Plumb was prostrated
with a mortal wound. At Auburn a bullet cut loose

IOO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
the visor of his cap. Passing along the road soon after, he
gleefully waved his hat and exclaimed : " Close call, Chap
lain !" Close call, indeed, and the last call. That shot was
the trumpet blast that presaged the grim messenger. Cap
tain Plumb was universally respected in the regiment. His
death, following speedily the wound received in the charge
at Bristoe, caused unfeigned sorrow among his comrades.
Before the war, he was employed in the National Express

CAPTAIN WILLIAM HALO.N.
Office, Troy, New York, and was regarded with great favor
by his business associates. When his body was brought
home, they followed this, with coffin enwrapped with Amer
ican flag, to Mount Ida Cemetery, where the young hero
was laid away to rest.
Another man was severely wounded, who at the time was
orderly sergeant of B Company, and who afterward was
commissioned as lieutenant, and who had the proud satisfac
tion of leading home, as captain, F Company. William

BRISTOE.

161

Halon — the sergeant's name — was shot through the hand at
Auburn in the morning, and at Bristoe a bullet pierced his
right thigh, disabling him for many months. But, as soon as
he was able to perform duty, he was assigned to important
service, under his commission as lieutenant. He was born
in West Troy, Albany County, New York, August 12th, 1838.
From the age of four he resided in Troy, and as he advanced
towards manhood he learned the moulder's trade. He

LIEUTENANT WILLIAM P. HAGADORN.
became interested in serving as a fireman, and was elevated
to the position of foreman of the locally famous Cataract En
gine No. 8 of Troy, New York. The war found him eager
to serve his country, and he proved a brave and faithful
soldier, well meriting the honors which came to him. He
was one of the men who arose by merit from the ranks to a
commissioned officer's position.
The man at whose side the writer reclined on the field
of battle, was Wm. P. Hagadorn of K Company, who after-

1 62 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
wards was made a lieutenant. He was born at Staten Is
land, N. Y., April 6th, 1843. At the age of ten he published
a boy's paper called " The Little Corporal." In 1861 he had
charge of the printing office of the Troy Budget, at that time
owned by his father. He enlisted as a private in the One
Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment, August 13th, 1862.
At Centreville, when on picket duty, he aided in capturing
four of Mosby's men. At Gettysburg, July 3d, he with a
member of the Second Delaware regiment, brought a rebel
officer and a battle flag into our lines. His wound received
at Bristoe threatened to be mortal. Taken to a house con
verted into a hospital, he was there captured by the enemy
and was taken to Richmond, where he was placed in a hos
pital. He was exchanged at City Point October 26th, and
soon after received his commission and was assigned to hos
pital duty. He subsequently served in various responsible
positions, and sought to combine temperance and Christian
work with his duties as a soldier.
When night closed in we took up the line of march, not
halting until we had crossed the Bull Run at Blackburn's
Ford. The regiment, with the Corps, had marched seventy-
six miles in fifty-six hours ; had fought at Auburn and at
Bristoe, had crossed two rivers, and had successfully guarded
the baggage of the entire army. Such marching and ser
vice were exceptional, and rank with great historic forced
marches. On the north bank of Bull Run, the regiment was
at the front between the two lines of artillery, our guns and
the rebel cannon playing over our heads. We served as skir
mishers. General Hayes fretted to lead us across the stream
and to assault the rebels, but absence of general orders pre
vented. The Union line extended from Wolf Run Shoals
on our left to Chantilly on our right. The rebels "felt" our
position with artillery, and then concluded to retire, not offer
ing general battle. It appears now that Lee purposed to
engage our forces on the Bristoe line ; but General Meade
preferred to fight this side of Bull Run on the Centreville
line. But neither was battle here joined. And with our old

BRISTOE.

163

camp ground at the last named place a few miles in rear of
us, we took a soldier's evening meal and laid us down in
the rain to rest.

BETWEEN THE LINES.

CHAPTER XII.
FORWARD AGAIN.
T^HE falling back of the Army of the Potomac was only
¦*¦ temporary. General Lee, failing to secure his own choice
of battlefield, again turned his face southward, the Union
forces pressing in hot pursuit after the retreating foe. Was
the movement of the rebel army designed to increase any
discontent at the North because of the prolongation of the
war ? The election was near ; and any general movement
of the Union Army in Virginia without culminating in a de
cisive battle would tend to foment a dissatisfaction which
had already shaped itself in form of a riot. If that result
was aimed at, the outcome of the election shamed the expec
tation, for the reserve line, formed of loyal hearts at the
North, held firm. The military situation at the West de
manded activity on the one side or the other at the East.
Chickamauga had been fought on the 19th and 20th of Sep
tember. Longstreet had arrived on that battleground on
the night of the 19th. His division rendered important ser
vice in that bloody engagement. This resulted in a Federal
defeat, save that General George H. Thomas had fought
with a tenacity which gained for him the title of "the rock
of Chickamauga," and which prevented a disastrous rout, the
Union army falling back to Chattanooga. The firmness of
General Thomas, one of the foremost of the Union Generals,
the valor of General Steedman, the courage and forethought
of General James A. Garfield, then chief of General Rose
crans' staff, and the endurance of the Union troops, made of

CHICKAMAUGA. l6g
Chickamauga a " barren victory " for the Confederates. The
forces engaged and the losses sustained were about equal.
The number engaged was about 55,000 on either side. The
Confederates lost, all told, 17,804; the Union forces, 16,179.
Lee's forward movement on the flank of the Army of the
Potomac was at the time of the investment of the Union
army at Chattanooga by the forces of General Bragg. The
ardent hope was cherished by the rebels of starving out the
Union troops. General Rosecrans meditated a retreat which
would have been most disastrous. The hero of Donelson
and of Vicksburg was sent to the rescue. On the morning
of October 20th General Grant started for Chattanooga.
That day found the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regi
ment again near Auburn ; this time following a retreating foe,
who burned bridges and effectually destroyed the railroad.
We took up the line of march Monday morning, October
19th, crossing the Bull Run battlefields and reaching the
scene of the recent battle of Bristoe. Our march on the
20th was very rapid. On the 21st, Captain S. C. Armstrong
returned from recruiting service to the regiment. On the
24th, we were again on the march, and made our camp at
night near Warrenton, Virginia.
In memoranda which the writer has retained since the
war, he finds the following recorded, under date of Tuesday,
October 27th: "Jacob Houck returned this night to his
Father's house. He spoke sincerely, earnestly, penitently."
This occurred at a prayer meeting held around a campfire.
It was our wont to hold such meetings night by night, when
on the march and when in camp. They were held before
battle and after battle, and when no battle was anticipated.
They were held, anon, behind earth-works, with the bullets
of the enemy whizzing about us — a strange accompaniment
to the music of sacred song and the voice of prayer. Record
has been preserved of regular preaching services in front of
the Colonel's tent. But such service could not be held as
regularly as were the prayer meetings. In recent times, arti
cles have appeared from the pen of a Southern writer, enti-

l66 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
tied " Christ in the Camp." Christ was certainly in the camp
of the Union soldier, working here, as amid the Southern
camp, his merciful work of salvation. Not a few of the men
of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth gave evidence of his
saving grace.
Survivors of this regiment will remember Jacob Houck as
a large, strong man physically; as quite profane; as a drink
ing man, who, when under the influence of liquor, was given
to fighting. He was connected with H Company. At Cen
treville, the writer had several conversations with him on the
subject of religion. As we kneeled together, one on either
side of his dying captain, Ephraim Wood, Comrade Houck
volunteered the statement, that out on the battlefield of Get
tysburg he had promised his God that if spared he would
lead a Christian life. But later, on the march southwards
and just after rations of whiskey had been served to the
troops, the writer heard him, under the influence of liquor,
again guilty of profanity. This fact dissipated hope of his
leading a true life. But still onward, after Bristoe, he came
to the campfire prayer-meetings and began to take part, in
the form of prayer. After one of the meetings he told this
story. He said : " I have been hoping that I might be a
Christian and once in a while drink a little liquor. But, last
night after prayer-meeting, as I went to my tent, I thought
it all over, and made up my mind that I could not be a
Christian without giving up liquor entirely, and I resolved
to do it. Immediately hope and peace entered my heart and
I have been very happy ever since." Comrade Houck there
after lived a faithful Christian life, and at the second Spot
sylvania battle was mortally wounded. As he was lying in
an ambulance ready to be driven to the rear, his Bible rest
ing near his head, the writer kissed his brow as he said the
good-bye. Word came afterwards of his death in hospital
at Washington. He passed from earth with the joy of a
Christian victor.
This is only one instance of many that might be related
of the conversion of men during the progress of the war.

RELIGIOUS ACTIVITY. 167
Some confessed Christ just before the summons came for
entrance into that world where there is "no more war."
Officers and enlisted men alike became Christians. Surgeon
William S. Cooper returned to the regiment October 31st
from a brief " leave of absence." In his absence he had pub
licly professed faith in Christ. On Saturday, November 14th,
four of our men were baptized by the Chaplain in a Virginia
creek, and others became ready for that Christian ordinance,
as religious services continued to be held during "winter
quarters " in a rude log chapel which was transfigured as into
a gateway of glory by the presence of " the Holy One of
Israel." The history of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth
Regiment would not be faithfully given were not distinct
record made of the religious activity which prevailed from
the beginning to the close of its service.
On the 8th of November our encampment near Warren
ton ceased, and we marched across the Rappahannock to
Brandy Station. We remained here during the 9th, and
the next day marched a few miles to the Fitz Hugh House.
We remained in this vicinity until the latter part of the
month. The regiment was called upon to part, in the
autumn of 1863, with some of its best officers and enlisted
men, who left us to serve with the colored troops who were
to bear honorable part in the war for the Union and for lib
erty. The calling of the negro into the United States ser
vice was a master-stroke of wisdom ; as the failure on the
part of the South to use the slave, as a freedman, on the
field of battle was one of its fatal errors. How he might
have fought with the chains still clanking behind him on the
limbs of his race is uncertain ; how he did serve with a free
country behind him is a fact of history. If not so valiant
when alone on picket, he was undaunted in the charge, and
merited the confidence reposed in him. The Union "blue''
upon him, the rifle of freeman in his hand, made a man of
him ; and his attitude all through the war, and his career of
progress since the Rebellion was crushed, demonstrate his
manhood and are facts hopeful in their future outlook.

l68 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. YOLS.
Other regiments gave noble men to lead the negro at the
front, but none sent truer hearts or abler hands for the work
than did the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth. Those who
left .us were Sergeants Alexander Springsteen, Jacob F.
Force, Harry F. Thorburn, Quartermaster-sergeant Henry
F. Beebe, First Lieutenant Benjamin R. Townsend, and
Major Samuel C. Armstrong. Sergeant Springsteen was
made captain in the Second United States colored troops ;
Sergeant Force went as first lieutenant to the Twenty-
second colored regiment ; Sergeant Thorburn, as second-
lieutenant to the Ninth ; Sergeant Beebe became quarter
master of the Second ; Lieutenant Townsend was commis
sioned major of the Second ; and Major Armstrong was ap
pointed lieutenant-colonel of the Ninth Colored regiment.
Afterwards, Corporal Henry L. Bliss, another of our most
worthy men, became first lieutenant of the Thirty-second
colored regiment.
Men going from us on such service cannot be passed with
only a word of mention. They were all men of marked
force and of exalted character. They had passed a rigid ex
amination, for only men of special fitness were deemed
qualified to lead in a service demanding not only intelligence
and skill and patience, but unusual daring. What should
be their treatment if they fell as prisoners into the hands of
the enemy was then problematical; that they would be
special marks for the bullet they must necessarily expect.
Captain Alexander S. Springsteen when he left us carried
with him the good-will of the entire regiment, whose regard
he had won by his modest and gentlemanly bearing, as well
as by his attainments as a soldier. He demonstrated while
with the regiment that a young man could be a good soldier
and at the same time be free from the vices of camp life ;
that strict Christian principle could be united with fidelity to
soldierly duty. He made a most excellent officer, as those
under whom he subsequently served affirm. He was atten
tive to his duty and was always ready for service. He was
both respected and loved. He died of yellow fever at Key

LIEUTENANT FORCE.

169

West, Florida, September 6th, 1864. We regret not to be
able to present his face in these records.
Lieutenant Jacob Francis Force was born March 2d, 1843,
at Stillwater, Saratoga County, New York. He received his
education in the public schools and academy of his native
village ; in i860 removed to Newark, New Jersey, and was
engaged for two years in mercantile pursuits ; returned to
Stillwater in the spring of 1862, and on the 13th of August,
1862, enlisted in Captain Vandenburgh's Company K, of the

LIEUTENANT JACOB FRANCIS FORCE.
One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment New York Vol
unteers, then being raised at Troy, New York. He was
mustered in with the regiment and left with it for the front,
August 30th, 1862. Was with the regiment continuously
from that time until January 8th, 1864. At Martinsburg,
Virginia, he was made corporal and was promoted to fourth
sergeant at Union Mills, Virginia, January 8th, 1863, by
Levin Crandall, Lieutenant-Colonel commanding regiment ;
on the 22d of April, 1863, he was made first sergeant of the
company. He was the first orderly sergeant of the regiment

170 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
to call the roll of the Company from memory, which being
noticed by Colonel Willard, an order was issued requiring
all first sergeants in the regiment to commit the roll of
names to memory. December 31st, 1863, he was discharged
as an enlisted man by order of the War Department in order
to accept an appointment as first lieutenant in the Twenty-
second United States Colored Troops, then organizing at
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Before leaving the regiment
January 8th, 1864, he was presented with a sabre, belt and
gloves by the members of K Company, the presentation
being made by Chaplain E. D. Simons. After joining the
Twenty-second U. S. Colored Troops, he was assigned to
H Company; May 3d, 1864, he was promoted captain of
the same company, and with his regiment participated in
repulsing attacks on Wilson's Wharf and Fort Powhatan on
the James River, and on June 15th, 1864, was with the
advance on Petersburg, his regiment leading the first charge.
He performed duty in the trenches and on picket contin
ually from this time until in September, when his regiment
was ordered to Dutch Gap Canal to assist in its construction.
September 29th, he took part in a charge on New Market
Heights, and on September 30th, while repulsing the enemy
in their attempt to retake Fort Harrison, he was wounded
in the left shoulder. Complete removal of several inches of
bone from the upper portion of the left arm was the result,
from which a fair recovery was made, and on April 10, 1865,
he was discharged from the service by Special Order War
Department " on account of wounds received in action."
Since the war Captain Force has taken a medical course
of study, and for thirteen years has practised his profession
at Hern Lake, Minnesota. For the two years preceding this
writing he has been located in his profession at Minneapolis,
Minnesota, at the same time serving as Director and Medi
cal Director of the Northwestern Aid Association, a Life
Insurance Company ; Vice-President and Lecturer on Ma-
teria-Medica in the Minneapolis College of Physicians and
Surgeons, also, Minneapolis College of Pharmacy. He is

MAJOR TOWNSEND.

171

Vice-President of the Third Ward of the Hennepin County
Sunday School Association, and a member of the official
board of the Foss M. E. Church, and is a Sabbath School
teacher. It was of such men that the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth was largely composed.
Major Benjamin Roach Townsend was born November
27th, 1838, at New Orleans, Louisiana, of mixed (Northern
and Southern) parentage. During the struggle for Texan
Independence his father took his mother to New Orleans, re-

MAJOR BENJAMIN ROACH TOWNSEND.
turning to Texas to take part in the struggle At this time
he came into the world and was taken to Texas while yet an
infant His mother died when he was but five years old, and
he then went to reside with an uncle in Oneida County, New
York. He was educated in the States of New York, Louisi
ana, Missouri, Texas and Massachusetts. He was in Texas
at the breaking out of the Rebellion and remained there un
til the 21st of November, 1861. His father entertained
strong Union sentiments, as did all his relatives on his fath
er's side, with one exception. Some of them were original

172 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Abolitionists. His father, Nathaniel Townsend, had left
Texas before the breaking out of hostilities and was residing
in New Jersey when his son joined the family in December,
1 86 1. Early in 1862 they went to reside in Oneida Co.,
N. Y., where the father was born, and where, in August, 1862,
the son enlisted as a private in the Second United States
Sharpshooters, (Berdan's regiment) an old regiment already
in the field. He joined the regiment on the field of the sec
ond battle of Bull Run. On this field a brother was shot
through both legs, while making a charge with his regiment.
As soon as the so-called Confederate authorities learned that
the son was in the Union army, they confiscated and sold all
the property of both father and son. The son remained a
private in his regiment, constantly on duty, and present at
the battle of Antietam and other engagements, until the bat
tle of Fredericksburg, Va., when he received from Govenor
E. D. Morgan of the State of New York an appointment as
second lieutenant in the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Reg
iment. Most of the time while with the regiment he was
doing picket duty at Bull Run. Lieutenant Townsend was
too sick to take an active part at Gettysburg, and for a month
after the battle remained at a farmhouse jn the vicinity of
the battlefield, the regimental surgeon, Dr. Cooper, saying
he believed that Lieutenant Townsend would never recover.
He however rejoined his regiment a month later, though not
fully recovered, and was immediately ordered to act as regi
mental quartermaster. In the battle of Gettysburg Lieuten
ant Townsend had a brother and another relative killed, both
shot through the head. Before this battle Lieutenant Town-
send had been examined and promoted to a first lieuten-
antcy in Company F, Captain Plumb. He had heretofore
served with Company D, Captain Armstrong. At the fight
at Bristoe Station, when Captain Plumb, of Company F, was
mortally wounded, the command of that company devolved
upon Lieutenant Townsend, next in rank. He remained
with the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment until
• October, 1863, when he received from the President his ap-

THEY LEAVE US. 1 73
pointment as major of tne Second United States Colored
Infantry, having been previously examined by General
Casey's board for the position. In May, 1864, he became
lieutenant-colonel of the latter regiment, and in July, 1864,
colonel, his predecessor in the command of the regiment
having died of yellow fever at Key West, Florida. Major
Townsend joined his new command at Camp Casey, Va., and
soon after was ordered to the Department of the Gulf. The
regiment was stationed for a time at Ship Island, and from
thence went to Fort Taylor, Key West. Colonel Townsend
here had a severe attack of yellow fever, five physicians giv
ing him up to die. Two-thirds of the officers of the regi
ment, (who were all white) died of the disease ; but of eight
hundred of the enlisted men, who were colored, only three or
four died, and these through imprudence. A portion of the
regiment remained at Fort Taylor until the close of the war ;
another portion was assigned to duty at Fort Myers and
Cedar Keys, Florida. He remained in command at Fort
Taylor and the post of Key West for some months, when he
was ordered to take command at Cedar Keys, that post be
ing in almost a mutinous condition. After a few months he
returned to his command at Key West. He was in the en
gagement, second in command, under General Newton, at
the Natural Bridge on the St. Marks River, Florida, where
every officer and every light colored man in his command,
with one exception, was killed or wounded. Colonel Town-
send was here slightly wounded and had a cannon ball pass
between his legs, tearing both trowser-legs into shreds. After
this engagement he returned to Key West, where he re
mained until the close of the war. After the war he returned
to Texas, declining an appointment in the regular army, to
look after the interests of his father's family and estate. His
father died in June, 1864. He resided in Texas until the
Spring of 1877, when he removed to Wallingford, Connecti
cut, where, at the time of this writing, he resides.
We take the following sketch of Lieutenant-Colonel, after
wards Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Samuel C. Arm-

174 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
strong, from the Christian Union, to which paper we are in
debted for the engraving of his face, made from a recent
photograph. The sketch, with an account of his work at
Hampton, Va., and with picture of the Normal School build
ings, appears in the Indian supplement to that paper, under
date of Oct. 6th., 1887. But that sketch only meagrely pre
sents the facts of his life and a true portraiture of a charac
ter which exalted the subject in the estimation of the regi
ment which he aided in forming, and that causes his sur
viving comrades to take a just pride in his noble and self-
sacrificing career.
" Samuel Chapman Armstrong was born January 30th, 1839,
at Wailuka, Island of Maori, Hawaiian Islands, his parents,
Richard and Clarissa Chapman Armstrong, being among the
first missionaries to that group. Shortly after his birth his
father entered the government service, and was made Min
ister of Public Instruction, in which position he had charge
of the entire school system of the nation, and controlled the
educational facilities for a population of 65,000 people. His
son Samuel was trained in this atmosphere until his father's
death in i860, when he came to the United States and
entered the junior class in Williams College, Williamstown,
Massachusetts. In 1862 he was graduated, and at once vol
unteered and raised a company in Troy, New York, going
out as captain in the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth.
" In the fall of 1863 Major Armstrong volunteered for the
colored service, and was made lieutenant-colonel of the
Ninth United States Colored Infantry. During the follow
ing winter he was for three months in active service in
South Carolina, and after the battle of the Wilderness,
joined the Army of the James, first with the Tenth Army
Corps under Terry, and later with the Twenty-fourth Army
Corps under Weitzel. With a division of this Corps he
followed Lee to the surrender at Appomattox, immediately
after which, at the request of his superior officer, he was
promoted, with the rank of brevet brigadier-general. He
was then ordered to Texas to garrison the Rio Grande

-

—:  ~

GENERAL SAMUEL C. ARMSTRONG.

176 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
frontier, and watch Maximilian. After four months' service
there he returned, and, with his regiment, was mustered out
at Camp Penn, Pennsylvania.
" He at once applied to General Howard for a position
which should enable him to work among the freedmen, and
was by him sent to Hampton to settle the difficulties between
the thousands of refugee contrabands who had drifted in
there and the returned Confederate families. He was put
in charge of the work of the Freedmen's Bureau at this
point, and was given the supervision of ten counties in
Eastern Virginia, an officer being appointed under him in
each county who administered civil law in military courts
and adjudicated upon the frequently conflicting claims of
the two races. A year spent in this service impressed him
strongly with the importance of establishing an educational
center in this locality, and he urged the American Missionary
Association to buy land for that purpose, they being already
on the ground.
"They accepted his plan, and at their request he took
charge of the work, and in 1868 the 'Hampton Normal and
Agricultural Institute for Negroes ' was opened, with Gen
eral Armstrong as principal. Since that time his life has
been completely identified with that of the school of which
he may fairly be said to have been the founder, and which
has been from the outset an important factor in the devel
opment of the Southern negro."
While with the colored troops, Colonel Armstrong was
through several days' fighting north of the James River, that
established the Union lines before Richmond. For six
weeks he was in the front line of works in advance of Fort
Steadman, close to the rebel lines. This position was at
once a line of battle and a picket line. He was under
constant firing, and continually within range of artillery.
Later, he was in the Negro division that attended Grant to
the left of the line in pursuit of Lee. His brigade stood
early in the morning of Lee's surrender, across the Lynch
burg turnpike on which Lee's advance tried to escape. A

GENERAL SAMUEL C. ARMSTRONG. 177
few shots were exchanged and the rebels fell back.
Since the war, the service he has given to the solving of
the Negro and Indian problem has placed him among the
chief benefactors of these races. The intense devotion of
a tireless energy to his work, the consecration of exceptional
gifts to a truly philanthropic and Christian mission have in
corporated his character into the manhood of the hundreds
who, at Hampton, have come under his moulding influence,
and have placed not only the Negroes of the South under
obligations to him, but the Nation itself is his debtor.
Not many words are here given to Lieutenant Harry N.
Thorburn, but with hand of sincere, fraternal love, would

LIEUTENANT HARRY N. THORBURN.

the writer place above his early grave a fadeless flower of
fervent affection. He was born in Orange County, New
York, in October, 1842. His early life was like so many in
this country that it is hardly possible to give any distinctive
points. He was always studious, and his love of books was
proverbial among his relations. His parents, being in very
moderate circumstances, were unable to give him more than
a common-school education.
At the age of eighteen he was converted and resolved to
devote his life to the service of God in the ministry, and as

178 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
a book-agent, earned the money necessary for his first year's
schooling. Then he taught a country school for a, time to
enable him to continue, but the war broke out, and in 1862
he joined the army as a private in the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifth New York Volunteers. After some service with
them, he obtained a commission as lieutenant in the Ninth
United States Colored Troops, and served with them until
the close of the war, at which time he was in Texas. He
remained in the service of the Government as Collector of
Customs for the Brazos District, until he died of yellow
fever in the fall of 1867.
Between Lieutenant Thorburn and the writer existed a tie
of friendship akin to that which bound together " David and
Jonathan." As therefore death has laid its hand apon one
for whom so deep regard was cherished, David's lament over
his dead friend fittingly expresses the feelings yet warm in
the writer's heart :
' ' I am distressed for thee, my brother.
Very pleasant hast thou been unto me :
Thy love to me was wonderful.
Passing the love of women."

CHAPTER XIII.
MINE RUN — STEVENSBURG — MORTON'S FORD.
A BOUT midnight of Monday, November 23d, orders
-*¦¦*- came to the regiment to be ready to move early the
next morning. Scarcely had the orders been delivered when
a rain set in. By morning a severe storm was prevailing ;
such a storm as speedily drenches men, and shrivels man and
beast, and deepens Virginia mud. Yet at four o'clock in the
morning tents were struck, and the men were in line, ready
to be led forward. Just as the word " march " was spoken,
an orderly came dashing up with message countermanding
the previous orders. With greater cheerfulness than when
aroused from sleep did the men set about to make them
selves again comfortable.
On that day General Grant was directing the forces at
Chattanooga against General Bragg's army, which occupied
a position seemingly impregnable. But, one of Grant's lieu
tenants, General Hooker, led his victorious troops up Look
out Mountain, and, in his "battle above the clouds," dis
played the dashing qualities of which he was largely pos
sessed, and retrieved the shame of Chancellorsville ; Sher
man was scaling the heights on the right of the enemy's po
sition, and the evening of that day found the Union army in
readiness for the final dash against Missionary Ridge. Sher
idan was to be on the lead the next morning at the centre of
the line, and Thomas was at hand. While the Army of the
Potomac was held back by the fast falling rain from a simul
taneous move at the East, the army at the West achieved
one of its m-andest successes on the 25th of November,

l8o ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS;

driving Bragg in utmost disorder from the heights of Mis
sionary Ridge. In that three days' engagement, the Union
forces lost in killed, 757; in wounded, 4,529; and missing,
330. The Union forces were the assailants. The rebels lost
in killed, 361 ; wounded, 2,181 ; missing, 6,142.
The rain had scarcely ceased ere the orders were received
for a forward movement in Virginia. Very early on the
morning of the 26th, the command to march was published.

MINE RUN.

It was Thanksgiving day of that year. The brigade was
brought into convenient form, and General Owen made the
following little speech: "Fellow Soldiers and Countrymen:
On this bright morning, auspicious alike to our country and
the world, I have the honor to announce that General Grant,
that great man, has disastrously defeated General Bragg, and
that the arms of the Western army are triumphant, and the
rebel army is scattered to the winds."

MINE RUN. l8l
We marched the first day across the Rapidan, at Germania
Ford, without any resistance, the rebels falling back from a
strong and well fortified position ; yet one easily flanked by
a large force. The next morning about eleven o'clock, we
came up to the rebel skirmishers at Locust Grove, where skir
mish-firing immediately commenced and continued all day,
with occasional artillery firing on our side. The only rebels
we saw this day were skirmishers. The main body was con
cealed from view by the woods abounding in those parts.
Although the skirmish contest took place in our immediate
front, the regiment was not called into action, and, with the
exception of building breastworks of rails, it remained idle
all the afternoon. The army advanced next morning, skir
mishing with the rebels until we came in sight of their main
position, on the farther side of Mine Run. General Meade's
plan of a surprise had been defeated by delays at the river,
owing to miscalculation in preparing the pontoons ; and
because Gen. French's force, which was to connect with the
right of the Second Corps, was hindered in its progress. The
rebel position was naturally strong, extending along a high
hill, approachable for the most part over an open field, which
they were rapidly fortifying. The sound of the ax was ring
ing out on the air, and their loud words could plainly be
heard. Artillery on both sides opened fire, and the skirmish-
firing was sharp and fatal. Guns were planted ; our lines
were established, and the military telegraph was raised, ex
tending from the headquarters of Corps generals to those of
General Meade. Every preparation was made for a general
battle. Notwithstanding the element of surprise had passed,
and the rebels had secured time to concentrate their divis-
sions, somewhat scattered in winter quarters, there can be
no mistake that General Meade was fully purposed to strike
a severe blow.
Towards night of the 28th, our regiment was sent on the
skirmish line, a duty which of all others the soldiers dreaded
most, as the man who had the best position and was the best
shot had. every advantage. We considered skirmish-firing,

1 82 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
like picket-firing, as little less than murder, unless an advance
was making, or special demand prevailed. In this instance,
the line ran principally over an open field, with no protec
tion whatever for our men, which fact added to the unpleas
antness of the task. Of the regiment we relieved, from
thirty to forty had been shot during the day. A similar
fatality must have been encountered by our men had not
Colonel Crandell, with characteristic skill and regard for his
men, called for volunteers and built scattered shelters for
groups of the skirmishers. The regiment occupied this po
sition during the night of the 28th. Orders recalling the
men from the skirmish line came on the morning of the 29th.
We understood that the troops relieving us at this point
were to have been on hand before daylight. But it was be
tween eight and nine o'clock before they appeared. Now
took place a grim sort of sport. The men must run from
post to post across that open field, to gain the woods. The
rebel pickets were on the keen lookout, and every man run
ning was a target, greeted not only with bullets but with
shouting. But, as a merciful Providence would have it, not
a man of the regiment was harmed. The men would have
preferred to remain at their post rather than to cross that
fiery field, and all wondered at their deliverance.
We occupied our place in the line of the flanking move
ment of the Second Corps, on the 29th of November, led by
General G. K. Warren. The plan was to strike Lee on the
right flank and to the rear of his position. But the movement,
which was designed to be concealed, was made by General
Warren in command as open as possible, with the result,
that when we came to the point of assault the rebels were in
position, rapidly fortifying. The writer remembers well the
attitude and sober appearance of General Warren, as, on this
flank move, we filed out of the woods on the Orange Plank
Road. He made us think of Napoleon. By night we were
in the designated place. We then learned that an attack
was to be made along the entire line at eight o'clock next
morning — the 30th. The duty now assigned to our Corps

MINE RUN.

I83

was to take the earthworks in our front. Our regiment was
to be third in the line of attack of the advance Division.
Such a test was never before put to our men. The charge
they made at Gettysburg was a severe one and a great trial.
As the regiment charged down to the railroad embankment
at Bristoe through that terrific storm of bullets from a long
line of rebels on the hills beyond, it was again tested and
proved its metal to be true ; but the trial here presented was
greater than at Gettysburg or Bristoe, greater, because the
resistance was more formidable ; greater, in that the others
came unexpectedly, while this was premeditated, deliberate.

GENERAL G. K. WARREN.

None who saw the position — as did the writer from the crest
of the knoll over which we were to come in view of the
enemy — could form any other than the one judgment, that
victory if won, must be at the price of most fearful slaughter.
Officers and men who were in the charges made on Freder
icksburg Heights, said, that doubly difficult was the present
position. Full one hundred rods of open ground must be
crossed — ground swept by over thirty pieces of artillery and
by a long line of musketry, to which former our cannon
could not have replied, for want of a suitable position.
Then, in front of their main line were trees felled — with

1 84 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
branches sharpened like bayonets, and in front of these a
strong line of skirmishers in heavily-built rifle-pits. But, as
an eye-witness at the side of our men and with them, the
writer can testify that notwithstanding all this, although our
officers and men knew and could see what was to be done,
and the slaughter imminent, there was but one expression,
"to move forward so long as they could walk;" and they
would have done it. Knapsacks were unloosed and piled
together. Men said: "Tell my mother, if I fall, that I died,
I trust, in a good cause. I have tried to do as she told me :

ABATIS AT MINE RUN.

I have tried to put my trust in God, and hope to meet her
and the rest in heaven."
All is in readiness and in expectation. And the signal-
gun is fired at the right of the line. Boom — boom — sound
the cannon along the line as the signal is taken up. But as
it comes our turn to respond with the crash of the charge,
the orders to " Fall in !" " Forward, Charge !" remain unspo
ken. What means it ? General Warren takes the responsi
bility of withholding the order. It was reported that he had

MINE RUN. 185
sent word to Meade that he could take the position, but
there would be no Second Corps left. As the morning
advances General Meade rides near us, dismounts, and with
field-glass in hand advances to a position to survey the
enemy's works, and acquiesces in General Warren's decision.
That day and the day following are passed in building earth
works in our vicinity. And on the night of December ist,
we are withdrawn and marched backward across the Rapidan,
that river which had come to seem to us as a Providential
line beyond which hitherto the edict of battle had been "thus
far shalt thou go but no farther." We were withdrawn — I
said : withdrawn — all save the picket line, which by strange,
sad mistake of the Division Officer of the Day, was left in
position and was captured ; forty-one from our regiment
alone being among the number, most of whom came not to
us again. Their bones are crumbling to dust in .the soil
under rebel prisons.
The night march we made from Mine Run covered some
twenty-five miles. Starting at 8.30 o'clock in the evening of
December ist, we marched without resting until 8 o'clock
the next morning, when we reached the Rapidan. Here a
four-hour halt was made ; when — at noon — the march was
resumed, and was completed about 8 o'clock in the evening
at the old camp near Brandy Station. The brief campaign
had proved fruitless in good to our army, unless it may have
prevented the sending of added reinforcements from the
Army of Northern Virginia to the rebels defeated at the
West. The weather during the whole time was exceedingly
cold and blustering, with consequent hardship to all the men
and particularly to the wounded.
The loss of so many of our number captured was most
deplorable. One-seventh of the entire brigade were made
prisoners. To follow the two score men of our regiment in
their captivity were to inscribe one of the saddest chapters
in all our history. Our regimental officers were in no
way responsible for their captivity. The prisoners were taken
first to Richmond and placed on Belle Island, where they

186 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
were kept for two months. Then they were confined in
Libby Prison in Richmond, here remaining two weeks.
Their fare at both these places was very poor, consisting
mostly of bean soup and corn bread. While on Belle Island
the men killed and ate the captain's dog. In the fore part
of March they were sent to Andersonville. Disease followed -
in the wake of impoverishing food and necessary uncleanli-
ness, and because of the character of the crowded prison in
cisures. Twice while at Andersonville they were " run off,"
to prevent their release by Union troops. Of the whole

^=^^--- w. pys.'?.- -*-¦

LIBBY PRISON.

number of our men captured at Mine Run only nine sur
vived the dreadful ordeal. War has written on its ghastly
pages no blot more dishonoring to humanity than that traced
by rebel hands in their treatment of Union prisoners. Judge
Robert Ould has sought to cast the blame of the non-
exchange of prisoners upon the National authorities ; but no
manner of pleading can remove the crime of forbidding food
and clothing from passing to men starving to death and per
ishing in their destitution. No fair words can mitigate the
cruelty of withholding bread from a hungry enemy. If the

JOHN W. BOUNDS.

I87

rebels claim that they could not suitably feed their own men,
then aggravated was their wrong in prolonging the war.
The total number of Confederate prisoners taken during
the entire war and sent to depots at the North was 222,847.
The entire number of the Union troops captured and con
veyed to depots at the South was 129,950. This does not
include those paroled upon agreement of commanders, nor
those caotured and paroled at the final surrender of the rebel

JOHN W. BOUNDS.

armies. A much larger number of Confeaerates was cap
tured than of Union soldiers. The number of the rebel
prisoners who died while in the hands of the United States
authorities was as one to eight and twenty-seven one hun
dredths (1 : 8.27). The Union troops dying while in custody
of the Confederate authorities was as one to three and forty-
four one hundredths (1 : 3.44). This makes the proportion of
Union soldiers who thus died as about three to one of the

1 88 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Confederates. The Southern prisons of greatest fatality
were at Richmond, Salisbury, Florence and Andersonville.
These four places were under the direct control of the au
thorities at Richmond. The number of the unknown dead
in these places exceeds by more than 5,000 the whole num
ber of Confederate prisoners who died in the hands of the
United States Government during the entire war. After the
1 2th of December, 1863, the rebel authorities declined to
allow the United States Government to send food and cloth
ing to its men in prison ; and, on the 27th of that month, the
rebel authorities refused to exchange prisoners man for man.
This fatal condition of affairs entangled in its deadly net our
captured men of the campaign of Mine Run.
The treatment of our men was murderous. Did the torch
of war touch houses of worship at the South? Was this
sacrilegious crime ? A thousand-fold worse was it to destroy,
with deliberate intent and in cold blood, needlessly, living
" temples of the Holy Ghost." 29,498 Union men died in
rebel prisons. The One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regi
ment count two officers and sixty-one enlisted men who
perished in captivity. The story of their exposure, their
deprivation of clothing, their neglect, the cruelty inflicted,
their starving, diseased, dying condition is too long for such
a work as this. Comrade John W. Bounds, one of the Mine
Run prisoners, captured with the others as in their effort to
join the army, they neared the ford of the Rapidan, has
written the record of months of suffering and has described
scenes too heartrending to darken even the pages of a war
history. After Mine Run came months of encampment near Ste-
vensburg. The army went into winter-quarters. Officers'
wives made their way to camp. Neat log-houses were
prepared, roofs of Virginia barns being made to cover North
ern men. Mrs. Colonel Crandell and Mrs. Dr. Cooper and
the wife of Captain Chamberlin were among the number of
those who brightened, by their presence, the rude surround.
ings of a soldier's life. Efforts were made to entertain in

MORTON S FORD. I89
pleasing ways, those facing the grim circumstance of war.
The " bands " discoursed music, and " balls " were arranged.
Visits among officers were made. Religious zeal had a
prominent manifestation. The log chapel of the One Hun
dred and Twenty-fifth — to which reference has been made —
when completed, was dedicated in January, 1864, with
appropriate services, the chaplain of the One Hundred and
Eleventh, and Captain Winfield Scott of the One Hundred
and Twenty-sixth Regiments, taking part in the services.
Meetings were held nightly within the rude walls and were
largely attended, and the results were most 0ratifying.
Friends at home took pains to send articles of comfort, the
more welcome because prepared by those evermore cherished
in the soldier's affection, and foremost in his conversation
with comrades about the camp-fire or within the tent. Let
ters were frequent. Some of the people at home wisely
entered into correspondence with unknown soldiers. Some
of the men, advertising for correspondents, received full a
hundred different replies — replies breathing patriotic inspira
tion ; replies, some of them, darkened by sin ; replies, per
vaded by a truly Christian spirit.
Thus two months of relief from actual engagements passed
with the Army of the Potomac. But, Saturday morning
February 6th, about fouro'oclock, an order came to us rather
unexpectedly to be ready to march at seven o'clock. At the
appointed time, we moved forward towards the Rapidan,
which was only four or five miles from our camp. We stopped
awhile, a short distance this side of Morton's Ford, in the
woods, and at eleven o'clock, moved out of the woods, and
were in plain sight of the rebels. Their pickets were being
relieved at the time on the other side of the river, and
seemed at a loss to make out our object in coming — suppos
ing at first, as one of the prisoners told us, that we were
about to form a new picket line on the bank of the river.
The move was entirely unexpected by them. They soon
saw their mistake, and ran into their earthworks that lined
the south bank of the Rapidan. One hundred men of our

I90 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
regiment were formed as skirmishers, supported by some
from the Garibaldi Guards and the One Hundred and Twen
ty-sixth. Our regiment also, was on the very advance of the
column. Firing commenced immediately by the rebels, but
before they could fire more than one volley, our men were in
the river, commanded by Captain Quay, of D Company, and
Lieutenant Merritt Miller, led by Captain Seabury, adjutant-
general of the brigade, who was in command of all of the
skirmishers, and were wading across in the face of the enemy.
The river at the ford was some four feet deep, and was so
rapid that the men could scarcely keep their footing — some,
indeed, being thrown down and completely covered by the
water, which was very cold. The banks up which we had to
climb were high and steep, and very muddy. The men of
our regiment were the first across, and captured twenty-six
privates and two commissioned officers, who were sent to
the rear — seemingly glad to fall into our hands. As soon as
the skirmishers commenced crossing, our column advanced
and forded the river as fast as possible. Skirmishing was
kept up about all the afternoon until six o'clock, when the
rebels made a charge upon us, which was resisted by the
Fourteenth Connecticut — the rebels being driven back. We
lay upon the ground, shivering with cold, until after twelve
o'clock at night, and then fell back to this side of the river,
and on Sunday night, marched back to camp. We had a
rough time, on the whole. It was cold and rainy ; besides we
had no opportunity to dry our clothes from the time we
forded the river until two o'clock the next morning — yet the
men were in good spirits all the time. Quite a number were
wounded in our division, which was the only one that
crossed the river ; but our regiment did not lose a single
man, killed or wounded. A great many had narrow escapes
— their clothes being grazed by bullets. Our colonel, after
the fight was over, found a bullet in one of his boots. We
did not escape because we were not under fire, for we were
exposed almost all of the time. Nor did we escape because
we were in the rear, for, as I have already stated, the skir-

MORTON'S FORD. 191
mishers of our regiment were the first to cross the river.
Our regiment also crossed first, and our brigade did all of
the skirmishing during the day. Nor did we escape merely
because our men are well disciplined and act skillfully and
coolly in battle, but by reason of a merciful Providence that
" covered our head in the day of battle."
The crossing of the river, when the advance was made, dis
played the dashing qualities of our division commander, Gen-.
eral Alexander Hays. He placed himself, dismounted, at

GENERAL ALEXANDER HAYS.

the head of the column. D Company, under command of
Captain William D. Taylor, was on the lead. Captain Tay
lor had just taken from a man an ax. General Hays said to
him : " Give me that ax," and, striking at a bush, he contin
ued, "we will cut them down as I do this brush." He car
ried the ax all day ; the next day, returning it to D Company.
General Hays commanded the unlimited confidence and ad
miration of our men. He was among the bravest. Blunt of
speech, and kind of heart ; he was also an educated, scholarly
man. His name was an inspiration to valor; and his leader-

192 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
ship at Morton's Ford increased his popularity, already fully
established by his courageous conduct at Auburn, Bristoe
and Gettysburg.
During the fighting, as the cannonballs were cutting
through our ranks, the men for a moment appeared demor
alized. But Colonel Crandell called them into line, bade
them dress on the colors ; and then, all being in good order,
he commanded, " Lie down !" This was one of three instan
ces which the writer saw of bringing the men into line in

LIEUTENANT BENNETT G. BARTO.
time of battle, as if on the drill-ground instead of under fire.
It was bravely, wisely done. James Bennett of D Company
had his coffeepot in hand when a shot struck it and carried it
sharply away. He declared, to the amusement of the men:
"It took it away in one sweep."
While we lost none directly at Morton's Ford, which fact
the writer points out, as, in view of our constant exposure,
one of the singular features of that action — as had been true
once before — yet that cold river-crossing, and the chill Df

LIEUTENANT CLEMINSHAW. 193
that February day, cost us several valuable officers and men
who never recovered from the unusual exposure. One of
these men was Lieutenant Bennett G. Barto. Lieutenant
Barto was a lineal descendent of old Huguenot stock. His
patriotism prompted him to enlist as early as October, 1861,
in the Black Horse Cavalry. This regiment was mustered
out March, 21st, 1862. August Ist found him enrolled in
I Company, of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth. He was
promoted from sergeant to lieutenant, and served with the
regiment until after Morton's Ford, where disease was con-

• SHERMAN CLEMINSHAW.

tracted, which compelled him and Lieutenant Edward O'Con
nor to withdraw from the service, their resignations being
accepted with honor to themselves. Notwithstanding his
honorable discharge, Lieutenant Barto, upon finding his
health recovering, again, and for the third time, entered the
service, the last time enlisting on the third of September,
1864, in the First New York Mounted Rifles, remaining in
the service until the close of the war.
Lieutenant Sherman Cleminshaw, and Adjutant E. P.
Sheldon, were not destined to serve longer with the regi
ment than the time passed at Stevensburg. Lieutenant

194 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Cleminshaw, after an honorable connection with the regi
ment, in which he had gained promotion from the ranks, was
on the 12th of February removed permanently from our reg
iment. He was born at Troy, New York, January 28th,
1838. He was a machinist and worked at his trade until the
war broke out. He enlisted as sergeant in F Company of
our regiment. He was promoted to a second lieutenantcy,
January 15th, 1863. He was with the regiment in the bat
tles of Gettysburg, Auburn and Bristoe. Thereafter he was
disabled by disease and was transferred to the Veteran

ADJUTANT ELIAS P. SHELDON.
Reserve Corps. He was acting-assistant quartermaster at
Albany, New York, in 1864; and was acting-assistant com
missary of subsistence at United States General Hospital,
Albany, February, 1865. In 1866, he was military assistant
U. S. A. General Hospital, Keokuk, Iowa. He was honora
bly discharged June 30th, 1866. On his return home he en
tered the manufacturing business, giving attention to inven
tion, and succeeded in inventing the first buttonhole machine
for fine work ever used. Disease contracted in the war
ripened unto death, January 9th, 1881.

GENERAL GRANT. 195
Adjutant Elias P. Sheldon was a son of Cyrus D. Shel
don, Esq., who was a lawyer enjoying a local prominence
in Troy, New York. He was born April 14th, 1838; was
educated at the Troy Academy, and was employed as clerk
in several Troy banks. He was serving as bookkeeper of
the Merchants and Mechanics Bank of Troy, just previous
to his entrance into the regiment. He became Assistant
Adjutant-General on Colonel Willard's brigade staff, and
was at the side of Colonel Willard when the latter fell at Get
tysburg. He aided in carrying from the field our dead Col
onel. Although subsequently returning to the regiment,

GENERAL GRANT.
disease led to his resignation. He was honorably discharged
from the service.
The Army of the Potomac was reorganized in March of
'64, our brigade becoming the third brigade of the first di
vision, instead of the third division, as heretofore, of the
Second Corps. The reorganization took from us our brigade
General, Joshua T. Owen, giving us in his place Colonel
Paul Frank ; and removing from us the loved Hays, and
placing over us General Francis C. Barlow. Repeated " re
views " occurred in April, at one of which appeared a new
face to witness the evolutions and to place himself at the
head of the forces at the East, and to lead us forward in the

I96 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
operations which we knew — as the Spring rains ceased —
were rapidly nearing. The new leader was General Ulysses
S. Grant, coming by his own choice from the West to the
East, and now possessed of a command extending over the
whole area of the war. His coming" to the Army of the Po
tomac awakened increased hopefulness and pointed the way
ot a ceaseless going forward to the victorious end.

CHAPTER XIV.
THE WILDERNESS.
'THE year 1864 was a year of battles in a campaign that
-*- embraced all the wide scene of the protracted strug
gle. At the beginning of May our faces and feet were again
turned to the Rapidan, not to be recrossed until a year later
we should move homeward in final victory. The orders to
advance came on Tuesday afternoon, May 3d ; and between
eleven and twelve o'clock that night we moved from our
camp. The men were confident and hopeful. They real
ized that hard work was before them, but they determined
to endure and to do to the utmost. We crossed the Rapi
dan at Ely's Ford, marching rapidly, and reached Chancel
lorsville at 10.30 o'clock on the morning of the 4th. We
bivouacked near the old Chancellorsville House, with its
memories of the bloody engagement of a year before. We
remained at this point until eight o'clock of Thursday, the
5th. We now marched slowly, resting often. We were in
the "Wilderness." Our regiment was assigned duty at the
junction of the Brock road and a road leading to the Cathar-
pin road. The first gun we heard that day was at noon.
Skirmishing began on our left about 4 oxlock in the after
noon, by dismounted cavalry. The regiment was immedi
ately deployed as skirmishers, pressing forward as the cav
alrymen fell back. We always expected hot work when the
cavalrymen retired. We remained on the skirmish-line until
eight o'clock in the evening. We were then withdrawn and
moved forward in column, for several hours marching on the
ground of the battle of the 5th. The first intimation we re-

198 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
ceived of the hard fighting to the right was after we started
on our night march. The sound of the severe firing had not
reached us. We learned that a part of our brigade that had
marched with the main column had suffered severely. As
we laid down to rest we were ordered to be in readiness to
move at four o'clock in the morning. General Grant pur
posed to take the initiative in the morning; but, by yielding
to General Meade's request to defer the movement until five
o'clock, he gave opportunity for the rebels to strike first.
There was always a moral power in being the first to strike.

THE WILDERNESS.

It inspirited the aggressive force and measureably depressed
the defensive party.
The regiment was occupied until three o'clock in the
morning of the 6th, building earthworks, and gained only
about two hour's sleep. At five minutes of five o'clock on
Friday morning, May 6th, the fighting was resumed. Parts
of the Fifth, Sixth and Second Corps had fought the day
before. The Second Corps was to do much of the fighting
on the 6th of May. Until twenty minutes of ten the firing
was kept up. For three hours without a moment's cessation

THE WILDERNESS. I99
raged and roared the conflict in its fury. The strife in the
woods to our front sounded like the wailing of a tempest, or
the roaring of the sea in a storm. It swelled above the cries
of the wounded and drowned all lesser sounds. But little
artillery could be used. The more terrible rifle was doing
its work among the crowded trees and amid the underbrush
of the great forest.
Our regiment was moved a short distance from left to
the right, our general position being on the left of the
Union line. We were placed on reserve. About seven

LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AARON B. MYER.
o'clock, the larger part of the regiment, all but 104 officers
and men, were detailed, and sent to the extreme left on
picket duty, the remainder being still held on the reserve
line. About nine o'clock, the one-third of the regiment at
hand was moved forward under command of Lieutenant-Col
onel Aaron B. Myer (Colonel Levin Crandell not having re
turned from recruiting service) and was placed in line with
our brigade. Two additional regiments were put under Col
onel Myer's command. The order to advance against the
rebels was now given. For upwards of a mile did our men
drive them, pressing through the densest underbrush. The

200 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
enemy were finally pushed within their earthworks, where
they made a stand, and the utmost effort to dislodge them
failed of success. At this point fell the gallant leader of the
regiment, Lieutenant-Colonel Myer. The men were fight
ing grandly in front of the rebel works. Colonel Myer had
just called Adjutant Merritt Miller to him to give him some
orders when a bullet struck him, and he fell into the arms of
Adjutant Miller, who directed men to carry him to the rear.
The command now devolved upon Captain George E. Lemon,
who acquitted himself with the greatest credit to himself
and to the regiment. Our ammunition giving out, the regi
ment was compelled to fall back, doing so in good order, and
being relieved by another line moving to the front. The
men returned to the trenches extending along the Brock
road. Of the 104 men who moved forward, 34 were killed
and wounded and four were missing. General Barlow com
plimented highly the valor and service of the regiment.
Another of our commanding officers had received his
death wound. Aaron Bennett Myer was born in Hudson,
New York, March ist, 1824, and moved with his parents to
Troy in 1827. He was one of the original members of Old
Franklin Hose, and was seriously injured by the falling of
the front wall of a building in what was known as the Gal-
usha fire in Troy, on River Street, just above Washington
Square, in March, 1845. --n September, 1845, he married
Julia A. Perkins of Hartford, Connecticut, by whom he had
two sons, the eldest now Captain Myer, Eleventh United
States Infantry; the other, Frank E. Myer, a well-known
young citizen of Troy. His widow still survives him. He
was one of the first members of Trojan Lodge of Odd Fel
lows. He was a sergeant in the old Troy City Artillery for
some years until 1861, when he was elected captain to fill the
vacancy created by the departure of Captain Parks for the
seat of war. He held this position until the organization of
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment. He was com
missioned captain of B Company, and was promoted to be
major and lieutenant-colonel in 1863. He served with and

HARRISON CLARK.

20 1

shared the fortunes of the regiment until that fatal shot in
the Wilderness. The writer knelt at the wounded man's
side and took his words of affection for his wife and home
friends. When the really dying man asked if he had not
done his duty bravely, there could be only one response ; and
ere he was sent to the rear, the voice of prayer was uplifted,
at his request, above his prostrate head. He died on the
8th, and his mangled body was buried near the Chancellors
ville House, and, afterwards, was disinterred and removed to
Troy, New York. Just before he was shot he bound up the

LIEUTENANT HARRISON CLARK.

shattered limb of another brave man. Color-Sergeant Harri
son Clark had carried the flag within ten feet of the rebel
line, when, in a few moments, his leg was pierced by a bullet.
He walked back about four rods and then fell. Colonel
Myer seeing him fall, came over to him, bound up the wound
and promoted him to a lieutenantcy on the field. He was
conveyed to the rear ; and afterwards to the hospital in Alex
andria, Virginia. He suffered three amputations of the
wounded leg within a year, and was kept in hospital a year
and a half. He was commissioned lieutenant. After the

202 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
war he was for five years superintendent of the Bureau of Mil
itary Statistics at the new Capitol, Albany, New York. In
more recent years he has been commander of a Grand Army
Post; and, in his business, a dealer in furniture. The flag
borne by his hands was torn by fifteen bullets at Gettys
burg, and it came forth from the Wilderness marked with
many more honorable scars. Philip Brady of I Company
grasped the flag as Sergeant Clark fell, and he was soon
stricken dead with the colors in his hand. Corporal Charles
S. Davis next seized them, and carried them in honor to the
close of the battle.
A worse fate than wounds threatened Sergeant Clark in
the Wilderness. Men who were directed to carry him to the
rear left him, to join in the fight ; and now another enemy
was approaching. The dreadful flames, kindled by the fire
of battle, were sweeping towards him. When only a few feet
from him he was rescued by some comrades. But the flames
of that dread conflagration wrapped others in their fiery folds.
Others of our bravest men had gone down with wounds and
in death. Opposite their names in the roster is recorded the
fact of their wounds and mortality. Among the number
were Sergeant Jesse T. Dunham of A Company, and Ser
geant Charles R. German of D Company. The writer has
always thought that the former would have made a most
efficient chaplain ; and of the latter, as a faithful soldier and
a devoted Christian, naught can be said too commendably.
He was zealous as a Christian before the war ; he was true
during his army life. At one of the meetings in the log
chapel near Stevensburg a hymn had been sung containing
the verse, " Perhaps He will admit my plea,
Perhaps will hear my prayer ;
But if I perish, I will pray,
And perish only there."
After the meeting, he asked of the writer: " Did you notice
a mistake in that hymn?" The reply was, " No." He then
said: "It reads 'perhaps' He will admit my plea. There is

FRED. A. MOREY.

203

no 'perhaps 'in it: it is a certainty." Was he still living,
though helpless on the ground with his wound — or was he
dead when the fire burned> in the woods? We know not;
but the flames enveloped his body, and, as in a chariot of
fire, he ascended to the land where it is most manifest that
the Gospel of the Son of Man and of God is a sublime and a
divine certainty.
Another brave officer was wounded in the battle of the
Wilderness. He was one of the most modest, one of the
bravest, and one of the most faithful of all our officers — Cap
tain Fred. A. Morey. We cannot forbear mentioning his

CAPTAIN FRED. A. MOREY.

devoted service; as enlisted man, as hospital steward, and as
commissioned officer. His wounds were so severe as to com
pel his resignation in the October following the battle. We
would gladly say more of him if data were at hand.
On the evening of May 6th, we stood behind the earth
works lining the Brock road, expecting an assault from the
rebel line. There had been a failure to connect on the left
of our line, and the troops to our front had been forced back
by Longstreet's flanking force. Had the rebel charge been
made, as contemplated, against our position that Friday
night, a most disastrous rout would have been inflicted upon

204 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
the assailants. Longstreet's wound, which prevented the
charge, saved many Confederates from suffering. The wri
ter remembers a question asked in the darkness of that night.
It was this: "After this day, what next?" The answer by
an officer was, " Back to the other side of the Rapidan."
But — General Grant was at the head.
We again took up the line of march on the morning of the
8th of May. We moved to Todd's Tavern, a few miles dis
tant, to the right of which we were placed in line within
some woods, and were called upon to build earthworks.
This kind of service had become a regular feature of the cam
paign on both sides, especially on the rebel side.
An order was read to us on the morning of the 9th, that
the day was to be observed as a " day of rest." But, soon
after, came another order bidding us to "fall in"; and we
were moved out of the woods and a short distance to the
left. We here rested until shortly after noon, when we
moved forward. During the afternoon we were under fire
while supporting Arnold's Battery. Towards evening we
crossed Po river and marched until about midnight. On the
morning of the ioth we were hurried backwards and for
wards in rear of a battery. At about one o'clock we were
marched down through some woods, and, after repeatedly
forming line, were drawn up in battle array in the edge of
woods facing an open field. Some rails had been hastily
thrown up, immediately in rear of where our regiment found
itself. As the rebels were heard rushing with wild cries
through the woods beyond the open field, our men took
their place behind the rude breastworks. When the rebels
reached the edge of the woods which they were occupying,
they fell to the ground, and firing began. To the left of us
was a Pennsylvania regiment. The writer recalls well the
brave voice of an officer detailing men for skirmishers. It
was a needless order, now that the battle was joined. But
bravely did the men respond ; and they started across that
field. And through the smoke of battle they could be seen
as they fell — a line of them — to rise not again.

PO RIVER. 205
Our regiment in its position fought fully an hour. We re
mained here after the line directly to our left had broken, and
partly rallied, and had broken again. We remained until the
woods to our left took fire, the fire sweeping towards us.
We remained until orders came to us to " fall back." As
the regiment was falling back, Arnold's Battery became en
tangled in the thick brush. D Company of the One Hun
dred and Twenty-fifth placed itself in front of the battery,
and defended it until all but one piece, which had been hope
lessly fastened between two trees, were removed. At this
time Captain John Quay, of D Company, was severely
wounded. Of him farther record will be found in this his
tory. Among the mortally wounded was Corporal Albert
Smith, of C Company, a tried and true soldier, a choice
young man and a Christian. George W. Sweet, of I Com
pany received a severe and almost fatal wound. He was
shot in the right side, the ball passing through the centre of
the back. After a weary tramp of three miles, he found an
ambulance and was conveyed from field hospital to Washing
ton. His wound was such, that, although as he recovered
he sought to return again to duty at the front, the medical
authorities would not consent.
That flank fight across Po river was made with the pur
pose of effecting an orderly retirement to join the main army,
as the plan of turning Lee's left had been abandoned. It
was a spirited engagement by our division. It marked the
second stage of the general campaign, as the Wilderness was
its first part.
The next blow was one of the hardest of all the campaign,
and of all the war. Wednesday, the nth of May, was a day
chiefly of skirmishing and artillery firing. Both armies were
busied throwing up earthworks. At night, a detail was
made that marched to some flats or meadows at the front,
where large fires were built to mislead the enemy. Then
came an all night march through the woods and in the dark.
It was slow progress and difficult marching. That night has
connected with it one of those remembrances which serve

206 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
to relieve somewhat the soberness of war memories. A
corral of mules broke loose and charged upon the Garibaldis.
That regiment broke and came dashing into the One Hun
dred and Twenty-fifth. The onset was almost irresistible.
There was likely to have been a stampede ; but the cause
being understood the men earned a good laugh.
But the morning brought the charge of men. Our corps
was led as near as possible to the enemy's works — with some
uncertainty as to the trend of these — near the works at " the

SPOTTSYLVANIA.

salient" of their line — near the point of their wedge-shaped
works — near "the bloody angle." Just as the first flush
of morning appeared, the men were formed in column,
brought to "half-distance," and closed en masse (General
Grant's favorite formation for charging) ; and at the word
" forward," forward they moved. More fortunate had it been
if they had been commanded to move silently, with no war-
cry on their lips. But that was not the wont of charging
lines or columns. The cry of the charge soon aroused the

BLOODY ANGLE.

207

sleeping foe. As it was, so quickly was the move made and
so manifestly a surprise was it, that our men were soon over
the first line of the enemy's works, and captured Johnson's
division of three thousand men including the commander.
Some of the rebels were yet rubbing their eyes at awaking
from sleep when they were made prisoners. The prisoners
were hurried to the rear. And now came the " tug of war."
The second rebel line is aroused, and the battle of Spottsyl
vania took on its most bloody form. " Charge ! " — but the
second line is firmly held. And between the two lines, and

BLOODY ANGLE.

at the second line — and now at the first, the battle rages.
How the men drop ! Captain E. P. Jones, commanding our
regiment in this charge, is dead. Lieutenant Charles E.
Cleminshaw is dead. Lieutenant E. S. P. Clapp has fallen,
pierced by bullet through the leg. The color-bearer, Charles
Davis is wounded. Lieutenant E. N. Barnes is shot. Wil
lard D. Green, Sergeant Stephen Bates, Charles E. Sweet,
Levi Wager, Isaac Lee and many others are disabled — all
brave men and true, each of whom is worthy of extended

208 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
notice. Through the hours how they fight — one side and
the other. General Lee is determined to retake that lost
line ; and the Union soldiers are equally determined not to
yield it. The men are on either side of it ; and raise their
muskets and fire over it and down on the other side. At
last, the rebels give way, and the Union men retain posses
sion of that dearly, bloody bought line of earth ; whose
possession meant a form of victory, but not the victory
sought. For the second rebel line now stretched from side
to side of the wedge, leaving only the salient in our hands.
The rebel main line was not thoroughly pierced. The
" hammer" was striking its great sledge blows. It was bruis
ing and it was being bruised. Which could better endure
the striking was the point at issue : which should wear out
first would determine the war.
Of Lieutenant E. N. Barnes a fuller record occurs later.
Wounded officers and men were taken to the rear. The
surgeon's knife was in demand, and well had it been if even
then the sufferers could have remained quietly in care of
skilled nurses. But the wounded must be taken miles to
the rear. And the ambulances, heavily laden, must move at
times over rough ground, and drivers were not always careful.
Thus it came to pass that what the shock of wounds and the
loss of blood and the weakness resulting from amputation
bad not done, the rough ride and deprivation at the front of
needed care accomplished — and men who otherwise might
have survived their wounds died from the after experiences.
Lieutenant Clapp was one of this number. He had been
promoted as the result of an examination. He was a mod
est, scholarly, gentlemanly man. Young and brave, he was
one of the best sacrifices our regiment gave to our country.
Another, who fell dead between the two lines at Spottsylva
nia Court House, was of equal worth — Lieutenant Charles E.
Cleminshaw. He was just of age when he enlisted in B
Company of our regiment. He was promoted to the non
commissioned staff as quartermaster-sergeant; and just be
fore the regiment left Stevensburg, he received his commis-

LIEUTENANT CLAPP. 209
sion as second lieutenant. There was but one opinion of
him in the regiment. He was universally known as a kind,
genial, courteous young man, of strictly upright character,
giving promise of a noble manhood. He was ambitious and
unusually hopeful. He had marked out for himself a career
of usefulness, if not of glory ; and he chose release from a po
sition which would have exempted him largely from danger,
for a place in the van of the struggle. He fell in his chosen
path of duty and of danger. The writer is not the only one
who retains the kindest and warmest memories of this truly
noble and brave young soldier, who with a smile on his beau-

LIEUTENANT E. S. P. CLAPP.

tiful face took his place in the ranks where he was destined
to fall in death for his country.
Captain E. P. Jones, who also was instantly killed in that
brave charge, may have had his failings. He may have un
wisely urged against the judgment of his superior officers his
long experience as a soldier previous to the war; and may
otherwise have crossed the rules of the service. But the
grave dug for his body at Spottsylvania was an honorable
grave ; and his death was deplored by those who knew his
real worth and who appreciated his soldierly and gentle-

2IO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
manly bearing. He was a Welshman, and came to this coun
try in 1845. He enlisted as a private at Watervliet Arsenal,
West Troy, New York. He was by occupation a blacksmith-
But, he was possessed of musical abilities in a large degree.
He was appointed leader of a band at the arsenal. This
band served during the Mexican war. Discharged from the
service, he made his home in Troy; and here formed a band,
composed chiefly of the arsenal band, and, in its new form it
was justly celebrated as the " Troy Cornet Band." During

LIEUTENANT CHARLES E. CLEMINSHAW.

the war as a body it became connected with the Second
Regiment New York Volunteers. Captain Jones recruited
I Company of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, his old
band passing into the hands of Charles Doring, who at the
date of these pages still leads one of the best musical organ
izations in the country.
In the engagement of May 12th, Michael Burke, of D Com
pany, captured a battle-flag, and received in his brave act a
bullet which cut through his breast. Between fifty and sixty

SPOTTSYLVANIA.

211

of our officers and men fell in the fierce strife at the bloody
angle. Nothing of special interest occurred again in connec
tion with the regiment until the night of the 17th, when we
were again moved with our Corps towards the rebel position.
Again just at break of day the men were formed in column
by division and closed en masse. Again the sledge-hammer
was to be swung — the thunderbolt hurled. About five
o'clock on the morning of Wednesday, May 18th, we were in
readiness behind the works captured on the 12th, and "For-

CAPTAIN EDWARD P. JONES.
ward, Charge !" sounded forth. Scarcely had the men
crossed the works when the rebel artillery opened, and the
shot cut through the dense mass of men. The enemy knew
of our coming and were ready. But despite a withering fire
the men pressed to a victory. The works were captured.
Of this the writer personally knows ; and makes the distinct
record, inasmuch as a contrary statement has appeared from
the other side. He was at the captured works. He heard,
moreover, General Francis C. Barlow express satisfaction at
the result. But the victory was only temporary. After two

212 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
hours, the line to our left gave way and our men were or
dered to " fall back." In the charge we passed the bloated
dead bodies of rebel soldiers that had remained unburied for
a week. The regiment came back from the captured line
over a score of men weaker than when it advanced. An
other stage of our part in the campaign was concluded ; and
. our regiment was smaller by 150 men than when it crossed
the Rapidan.
Now followed another of General Grant's flanking move
ments. If the purpose to crush Lee's army had not been
realized ; and, if events unlooked for prevented the placing
of the Union army between Lee and Richmond, neverthe
less the army was advancing. We left our position near
Spottsylvania Court House about ten o'clock on the night of
the 20th of May, and marched all night, continuing the
quick movement, with only one brief rest, early in the morn
ing, until two o'clock in the afternoon. The men under
stood that an important point was to be sought, and they
were full of good cheer. Never did they march with so lit
tle complaining and so little straggling. We passed through
Bowling Green on the 21st, and bivouacked south of Milford
Station, on the line of the Richmond and Fredericksburg
railroad. Here some very strong earthworks were thrown
up. It was an all-night job. The ceaseless marching by
day, and sometimes by night, the digging and the fighting
were telling upon our men, in some cases almost as seriously
as wounds. One of the noble men said to the writer : "O
Chaplain, it is killing me." It did kill him, and more than
one. We reached North Anna River on the afternoon of the
23d. Some of our troops were already across the river.
While we were halted, Birney's Division was hard at work,
and the rattle of the musketry was fierce. We crossed the
river on the morning of the 24th, the rebels having been
partly forced back and in part retiring voluntarily. But
they were in good position behind strong works. They were
in readiness to stand on the defensive. It was thus for the

NORTH ANNA.

213

most part that they fought in all the campaign. One man
behind good works was equal to nearly six men charging.
We were charging; and our side was losing the larger num
ber. The rebel flags were planted along their works, and
the stars and stripes floated over our heads. Cannon-ball,
"shell and the bullet continued their work ; but the purpose
of the move having failed, there was no farther charging at
this point.
On the 26th a welcome event transpired, in the return to
the regiment of our colonel, Levin Crandell, and the officers
who with him had been absent on recruiting service. They

MAP OF NORTH ANNA.
had brought to the front about 1,000 recruits to be distri
buted in different commands and they had been delayed in
joining us. With Colonel Crandell were Major Joseph Hyde,
Captains Thomas F. Sheldon and L. H. Crandell, Lieuten
ants Lee Churchill and Egbert Hull, and one officer new to
our regiment, but not new to the service, Lieutenant Joseph
Egolf. The coming of these officers met a sore need ; for
only four commissioned officers remained with the regiment.
In addition to those who had fallen on the field, five had
been sent, more or less disabled, to Washington. Captain
L. H. Crandell, although returning to his post, was in a con-

214 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
dition unfit for service. He was afflicted with bleeding of
the lungs, and was compelled soon to withdraw from the
front, and was unable to do farther duty. He was a merito
rious officer and man, and his going from us was a loss to the
regiment. On the night of the 26th our troops were withdrawn from
their position, recrossing the river; and, on the morning of
the 27th, again took up the line of march by the left on a

CAPTAIN LEWIS H. CRANDELL.
renewed flanking movement — the third general movement
of the kind in the campaign. We marched very rapidly,
crossing the Pamunkey River about half-past one on the
afternoon of the 28th. Firing was going on in our front.
We were placed in line of battle and began at once to build
earthworks. We moved forward on the Richmond road about half-past
ten o'clock on the morning of the 29th. On either side of

COLD HARBOR.

215

the road were dead Union and rebel soldiers yet unburied.
Other marks were seen of the fighting of the previous day.
When near the Totopotomoy our regiment was sent on a
road to the left, to guard the left flank of our division until
the remainder of the Corps should arrive. We here lost two
men on the skirmish-line. We occupied at this place differ
ent positions. At times we were in line behind the earth
works, and, again we were serving as skirmishers.

COLD HARBOR.

On the night of June 1st the bands were brought near the
earthworks and favored the rebels with some music. While
these were enjoying the serenade the Union line withdrew
and moved to the left, reaching Cold Harbor on the morn
ing of the 2d. Colonel Crandell had remained in charge of
the division pickets who formed a rear guard. He found
considerable difficulty in withdrawing in safety the picket-
lines. But he led the men safely to the main body of troops,
arriving at the regiment on the evening of the 2d.

2l6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

The new flanking movement was consummated, and we
were now in the vicinity of the operations under McClellan
in 1862. We were assigned a position on the left of the line.
As the men of our regiment were lying on the ground in
their new position, in some pine woods, a rebel shot from a
battery to our front came unpleasantly near. As an assault
was expected the men were ordered into line, and had
scarcely arisen, when another shot came, instantly killing
Harvey Clum and George Manchester. We were located in
tke second line of works at Cold Harbor, doing in part picket
duty, and were in none of the charges which made that place
one of the most bloody of all the battle-grounds of the

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BATTLE OF COLD HARBOR.

lengthening campaign. The line of Union works imme
diately in advance of us was near the foot of a hill, and the
rebel line was part way up the hill. They were separated by
a distance of only a few rods so that it was fatal for any
man to show his head above the works, and many men were
shot at this part of the line — almost all in the head.
On our arrival at Cold Harbor we learned of the nearness
to us of the One Hundred and Sixty-ninth Regiment, which
was recruited in Troy, New York, immediately after our
regiment was mustered into the service. That regiment, to
which we were so closely allied, had just been in action, and
its brave colonel, McConihe, had fallen. The word made a
sorrowful impression upon our men.

COLD HARBOR. 217
What a dreadful harvest had been cut by the bloody scythe
from the Rapidan to Cold Harbor ! In the Wilderness,
from the 5th to the 7th of May, 2,261 Union soldiers were
killed ; 8,785 wounded ; and 2,902 were missing — some of
these last among the forever missing. At Spottsylvania,
including Po River, from the 8th to the 21st, our army num
bered 2,271 dead ; 9,360 wounded ; 1,970 missing. At North
Anna, from the 23d to the 27th, we lost 186 killed, 792
wounded and 165 missing. At the Totopotomoy, from May
27th to the 31st, 99 were killed, 358 wounded, and 52 were
missing. And, in the repeated charges at Cold Harbor, and
in the almost constant firing, continuing from May 31st to
June 1 2th, our loss ran up to 1,769 killed ; 6,752 wounded ;
and 1,537 missing. The dreadful aggregate is 39,289 — an
army by itself. Yet not so great were the casualties as the
losses in battle and by disease of the Peninsular Campaign.
Doubtless mistakes were made. General Grant frankly ad
mits that the bloody, fruitless charge of June 3d ought not
to have been made. But he was bent on closing the war.
What the rebel loss was it is more difficult to determine.
It could not be otherwise than that it should be much less
than on the Union side ; for they fought — as already de
clared — with scarcely an exception, on the defensive, and from
behind earthworks. But they could much less afford to lose
a man than could the Northern army. At a low and imper
fect account their army lost in the campaign thus far 25,000
men. The writter saw General Grant and the generals whom he
assembled in Council of War on the 2d of June, after some
of the hard fighting had been done and before that fearful
charge on the morning of the 3d, when our men were cut
down helplessly in a swamp and in a deserted angle of the
rebel works. However good was the plan of assault, on the
night preceding its delivery a new and more favorable rebel
line of works had been constructed which placed, when the
charge was made, our men in a helpless position. Then, at
another part of the line, when the rebel position had been

2l8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
carried, the supporting line was kept from moving. The
commanding officer could be dismissed, but that was poor
satisfaction for defeat due to his folly.
On Sunday, June 5th, a flag of truce was sent by General
Grant to General Lee to arrange for a respite to bury the
dead and remove the wounded lying uncovered or dying
between the two lines, some of them wounded repeatedly
after they were first stricken down. It was difficult to get a
flag through the lines. The officers from headquarters came
to the left where were our brigade pickets. Lieutenant
Egbert B. Hull was one of the officers in charge. After
repeatedly calling to the rebel pickets, behind earthworks,
and asking whether an officer was present, and, receiving no
reply whatever, Lieutenant Hull stepped over our works. A
number of rifles were at once leveled at him. But he boldly
demanded that an officer be summoned. After some delay,
an officer was brought to the place, and General Grant's
message was forwarded. But forty-eight dreadful hours
passed ere an arrangement was consummated.
At six o'clock on the evening of the 7th, the white flags
along either line told that rifle and cannon were to be silent.
Then passed forth those appointed to bear away any of the
wounded who had been lying unrelieved from the morning
of the 3d, and to bury the decaying bodies of the dead. In
the two hours — from six to eight o'clock — of that summer
evening the Union and Confederate soldiers mingled freely
between the lines. Under the flag of truce friendliness
instead of enmity appeared, and a brief token was given of
the peace of " God's truce" when the white banner of Calvary
shall float perpetually along the line of human history.

CHAPTER XV.
PETERSBURG — DEEP BOTTOM — STRAWBERRY PLAINS.
TN nothing did General Grant more fully display his genius
¦*¦ than in changing his plans to meet new conditions ; and,
when one thing failed, in being quick to strike in another
direction. His purpose to approach Richmond from the
north and to the west had not succeeded. He was soon
ready to move on another line. If his directions had now
been fully and strictly carried out by subordinate officers, his
new move, according to all indications, would have changed
the whole face of the war; and would either have forced Lee
south of Richmond or destroyed the rebel army.
The losses of the campaign had been largely repaired by
recruits received. Yet the new recruits were recruits ; and
40,000 of these could not well fill the place of as many vet
erans. General Lee had been reinforced by nearly the num
ber that had come to the Army of the Potomac. But Gen
eral Lee was using the reserve force of the South. The men
from the North, so far as numbers were concerned, were
scarcely missed. All lines of business were thriving. Mul
tiplying factories were humming night and day. Money
was abundant. The hard times were at the front, and in
desolated homes where the vacant places were noticed and
were bedewed with the tears of affectionate kindred. As the
week progressed, after the evening ,when the dead were
buried, a very heavy line of earthworks was built in rear of
the one we occupied. It constituted a third line. The work
of building this new line could be plainly seen by the rebels.
The indications were that hostilities were to be continued at

220 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
this point. The rebels were deceived. In the last cam
paign of the war, among rebel papers picked up by the
writer on the march, was an order published at Cold Harbor,
that called attention to the manifest design on the part of
the Union army to make another charge. The rebel troops
were ordered to fire low, and were reminded that a wounded
man required more attention than a dead man. But, the
building of that additional line of works was the Mine Run
ruse repeated. A like thing was done at this latter place the
day at whose close the army fell back. Now, however, no
thought of falling back was entertained ; but another and
fourth flank move was planned.
On Sunday night of June 12th, the army began to move
out of our works. We started about eight o'clock, and by
morning the entire army was well on the road towards the
James. It was a marvel of a move. Right from under the
faces of the enemy, at one point only a few yards distant,
passed out our troops. Only about a hundred stragglers
from the entire army were captured by the enemy. After
marching all night we rested about two hours. We then set
out anew, and crossed the Chickahominy about ten o'clock,
and reached Charles City Court House at five o'clock in the
afternoon. We remained here during the 14th, throwing up,
as usual, earthworks. At one time in the war the spade was
predominant. At another, the rifle was held to and the
spade neglected. Experience taught the lesson, that the
spade and the rifle were close allies.
At three o'clock on the morning of the 12th, we took
transports at Wilcox's Landing and crossed the James river
to Windmill Point. We moved at noon and marched un
til midnight. That halt was one of the misfortunes of the
events in progress. It was made under a mistaken concep
tion of an order. It was made for rations, but these were
not received. Hours were precious. Even when the march
was resumed, a wrong road was taken, and a counter-march
was made necessary. A three hours' rest after midnight of
the 15th was followed by a march which brought us in front

VOJAW.DD.E c.h

DEFENSES AT PETERSBURG.

222 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
of Petersburg. On the road, the day before, we were met
by some rebel prisoners, comprising some able-bodied men
and' more old men and boys captured in a fort in the out
works of the city. About three miles east of Petersburg was
a series of redans, with connecting works, on good ground
for the defense of the city. General Grant had intended the
capture of these fortifications by General W. F. Smith. He
had even instructed General Butler, if practicable, to take
possession of Petersburg. He ever afterwards thought that
General Smith might have taken the works, planted his
troops across the Weldon and the South Side Railroads, and
occupied the city itself. At the time of General Smith's ap
proach, less than 3,000 men manned the redans. But, the
opportunity passed ; and with the rebels hurrying into the
fortifications, when the Second Corps came on the ground,
that series of charges was necessary which cost so largely in
men and formed the beginning of the long siege of Peters
burg. The One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, with our division,
was on the left of the line during the 16th. It was moved
to the right about six o'clock in the afternoon and was
assigned a place in the first line of the brigade which was at
the head of the Corps ; and in close column formation the
entire Corps was hurled against the rebel works. It moved
through some woods, down into a deep ravine ; up a hill, and
down into another and worse ravine, and up another hill
on Shand's farm. The rebels opened fire on our men as
these came in sight. The execution was fearful. The
proportion of loss in killed was greater than in any bat
tle in which the regiment ever took part. Over one-third
of those who fell were killed — fourteen out of forty-four.
Color-Sergeant A. B. Green, a noble man and a valiant sol
dier, was among the dead. Colonel Crandell, who was in
command of the four advance regiments, was struck in the
face by a piece of shell. Fortunately, it was a glancing
stroke and not a direct blow. If it had been the latter he
would certainly have been killed. As it was, one of his eyes

LIEUTENANT BRYAN.

223

was closed by the quick swelling of the bruised flesh.
But, two more of our noble officers, noble in every true
sense of the term, were dead. The brave Lieutenant George
A. Bryan was struck down by a bullet. A group of officers
were standing in a ravine after the first rush of the charge
was over, and were conversing, when a company of rebels
brought a cross-fire to bear upon our men, and Lieutenant
Bryan fell. He lingered about a-half hour in agony and
then passed from earth.
With him fell another, as truly brave and noble as any
officer or man, who in any part of the army, or in any

LIEUTENANT GEORGE A. BRYAN.

battle of the war gave up life for fatherland. He was Lieu
tenant I. De Witt Coleman. Truly wrote of him one who in
a few days was to receive his own death-wound — Lieutenant,
now Adjutant of the regiment, Merritt Miller: We shall
not see his like again. He was unusually beloved by officers
and men. He was just to all, very conscientious, and a pro
found Christian. He entered into this struggle because he
felt it to be his duty, and all his conduct while connected
with the regiment was based upon that principle ; and he
freely gave up his life while in the path of that duty. He
valued his life only as it might be of service to his country

224 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

and his God, and when he was called to part with it he died
without a murmur. His last words were : " Boys, all is well :
put your trust in the Lord."
Among those who served their country during the Civil
War, none were actuated by a loftier patriotism than Lieu
tenant I. De Witt Coleman. He was the youngest son of
Rev. I. B. and Mrs. Anna Coleman of West Stephentown,
New York, who served the Free Baptist church of that place
as pastor about forty years. I. De Witt Coleman was born

m

LIEUTENANT I. DE WITT COLEMAN.

in West Stephentown, October 8th, 1837. I-1 early youth
he began to exhibit sterling qualities of a high order, so that
his teachers said he was the best scholar that ever came to
them to a district school. He was often spoken of as a boy
that would make his mark some day. He attended school
at Fort Edward after leaving the district school, and then
taught school for a number of winters, gaining an honored
reputation as a teacher of marked ability. His acquaintance
was sought and enjoyed, by old and young of all classes, and

LIEUTENANT COLEMAN. 225
many predicted for him a brilliant future. When the Civil
War broke out, his patriotism was fully aroused ; and when
the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment was recruited,
he became one of the number. He was chosen orderly ser
geant of Company E, serving in that capacity until he was
prostrated by sickness, and even then he would not leave his
regiment. His father came to see him, and after a long and
tedious search found him at the front, though unable to sit
up. After some delay he came home with his father to re
cruit his health. He remained home about three months.
He had not fully recovered his health when he said, " My
country needs my services and I must go back." Against
the advice of friends and the protest of physicians he set out
for the seat of war. He was promoted for efficiency and
bravery to second and then to first lieutenant. The boys in
his company all loved and idolized him for his kind heart
and genial bearing, and he made many friends throughout
the regiment. The last time he was home on furlough, his
mother said to him, " If your time of enlistment was out
now, you would not enlist again, would you?" He said:
" Yes, I would, mother."
He lived only a few hours after he was shot and was buried
the same evening by his sorrowing comrades. Some weeks
later his remains were disinterred and brought home, where
they now rest, in the burial grounds at West Stephentown.
He conversed freely of his situation when wounded, said he
was not afraid to die, and departed in the hope of immortal
ity. Of him it may be truthfully said, he never shirked any
responsibility, nor faltered in the hour of danger; and no
purer type of manhood, or more patriotic heart was ever sac
rificed in the service of our country. The following notice
appeared at the time in a Troy paper:
" Sadly are hearts impressed with the truthfulness of the
words, ' Death loves a shining mark.' A brave soldier has
fallen, one whose death is deeply lamented by friends and
acquaintances. Highly endowed with intellectual faculties,
a moral character, accompanied with a sweetness of disposi-

226 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS. '
tion that rendered him exceedingly attractive, a favorite in
society, he won the love and admiration of all who knew him.
With a full consciousness of the condition of our country, a
high appreciation of the blessings of a free government, a
deep love for the starry banner and the protection of the
Unon, he left home. Brave, determined, resolute, he chose
the right, and was never known to waver from any duty he
was called to perform. Always at his post, speaking words
of cheerfulness to his comrades, he won the goodwill and ad
miration of his superior officers and soldiers. Among the
brave who have taken an active part in crushing out this re
bellion, and distinguished themselves upon the field of action.
there was none more worthy of honors. Brave, noble Lieu
tenant Coleman has fallen, gloriously fallen for his country.
Sleep, O sleep, brave soldier. Hearts that loved thee will
greet thee no more ; thou art gone from earth forever, trans
planted to a better, higher, holier clime ; thy warfare is
ended, the God of battles has called thee home. Rest, loved
one, rest. Thy kind words and noble acts are graven upon
the hearts of weeping friends, while a father, mother, and
brother mourn thy early departure. The prayers, efforts
and sacrifices thou hast made for thy country's good will
long be remembered, and hearts that loved thee will pray
that peace may be restored, and the star-spangled banner
thou hast loved so well, will ere long, be floating over all the
sister States, uniting them again by one tie, proclaming
friendship and liberty."
On the 17th our regiment was sent out as skirmishers, oc
cupying one of the rifle pits captured from the enemy.
While in this position, two 'more charges, made by the Ninth
Corps, could be seen. The first was made in the early part
of the afternoon, and was only partially successful. The
other was made about dusk, and was a complete success.
The charge was made just to the right of our position ; but,
the regiment being on higher ground, the action was in plain
sight. The massing was done in a ravine out of sight of the
enemy. When the preparations were completed, the word

LIEUTENANT CHURCHILL. 227
" Forward !" rang along the line. The dark mass then moved
along, slowly at first ; but gradually the pace was quickened
until it reached the brow of the hill, when, with a deafening
cheer and guns at a "charge," the men broke into the dou
ble quick. But they were met with a murderous fire — such
a fire as seemed impossible to withstand. Solid shot, shell
and bullets soon wrought great havoc in the column. The
men broke, and then reformed ; and at the last gained the
victory. Our regiment was moved to the right on the night of the
1 8th, and was employed all night in building earthworks.
We fell back with our Corps on the night of the 19th ; and
on the following morning at nine o'clock, marched about six
miles to the left. When we came near the Weldon railroad,
skirmishers were thrown out, and in the firing that followed
five of our men were wounded. We were moved from
point to point on the night of the 21st, being occupied a
part of the night building earthworks.
The skirmish on the 2 ist cost us the farther service of
Lieutenant Lee Churchill, one of our officers who, through
out all his term of service, filled a most honorable place. He
was wounded on that day in the arm, the bullet severing an
artery. If surgeons had not been near he would probably
have bled to death. Their timely service saved a valuable
life. He was afterwards commissioned captain, and later,
brevet-major. He had served in the Second New York
Volunteers as a lieutenant. After resigning from that reg
iment he decided to again 'enter the army, but insisted
upon entering the ranks. He was soon deservedly promoted.
At Gettysburg, although wounded in four places, as recorded
in a former part of this work, he held to his place at the front.
At Bristoe he displayed anew his tenacious courage. He
was with the regiment in all of its engagements, except when
he was absent on recruiting service, until the severe wound
received on the 2 ist of June.
Lieutenant Churchill was born at Troy, New York, in 1836.
At the age of seventeen he began to work with his father, a

228 ONE HUNDRED AND' TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
well-known and highly esteemed Trojan, in the fruit and pro
vision business. Five years later, he entered the employ of
R. H Gardner & Co., his brother being the partner in the firm.
They were shirt and collar manufacturers. He enlisted in
1861, under the first call for volunteers; and finally left the
service only when compelled to do so by the severe wound
which threatened the loss of his arm. In hospital at New
York, where he was sent from City Point, Virginia, the sur
geons, refusing to comply with his request to amputate his
arm, to afford relief from his intense suffering, labored faith
fully for weeks, and with final success, to save the injured
limb. It was officers with the fidelity and the quiet, stead
fast courage of Lieutenant Churchill who led the men in the
successes of the war. When Colonel Crandell requested the
Governor of New York State to confer upon Lieutenant
Churchill, already commissioned as captain, a brevet-major-
ship, he concluded his petition with the words: "Although
I had many excellent officers and men in my regiment, I
frankly admit that I had none more worthy than he." He
was discharged October 24th, 1864, on account of wounds re
ceived in battle.
On the 22d of June occurred what we never dignified with
the name of a battle ; what has always been known by our
men as the "Petersburg affair'; but which in its results was
no trifling matter to the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth.
We now know that the move on that day was designed to be
an important operation. It was nothing less than the first
attempt to gain the Weldon railroad. To the Second and
Sixth Corps was assigned the task, the latter corps being on
the left. We now know that the Sixth Corps did not con
nect on the immediate left. We now know that when we
started the rebels started ; and that they passed beyond the
left of our corps line, and came on our left flank and were in
rear of us. We now know that some one blundered, or
failed in vigilance, or skill, or courage. We then knew what
took place immediately about us. The writer is under the
necessity of speaking in the first person. But it appears

PETERSBURG. 229
needful in order to tell some of the facts of this regimental
history. We were marched about two o'clock in the after
noon out of our works into some woods, moving along a nar
row road about a mile. The regiment, excepting the colors,
was sent on the skirmish. The main line was in no particu
lar order of battle, nor was it in readiness for action. The
men were lying along the road ; when suddenly from three
directions the bullets came cutting savagely about us. Such
was the unformed state of the line, and so completely bewil
dering were the lines of fire that the men did not attempt
any defense, but broke at once. Strenuous efforts were
made to rally a line. An effort seemed successful. The wri
ter debated a moment whether to move with that line of men,
as he supposed starting for the rebels, or to return to the
rear by the path entering the woods. He fortunately de
cided to stay with the men and started with them on the
double quick. But he soon found that they were making for
the works in another direction. Any halting on that rapid
run was quickly replaced with another turn at the double-
quick as the bullets came buzzing and shrieking by. Many
of our men were made prisoners. They were made prisoners
by retreating along that road winding through the woods.
The rebel line had crossed it and caught our men in the
meshes of their own skill and of our folly. Colonel Crandell,
who had, despite his wound received six days before, returned
to duty, barely escaped capture. We could poorly spare the
almost two score men lost on that fatal, shameful day. We
had left too many brave officers on the almost two months
steady campaign to be called upon to mourn three more
cut down with mortal wounds.
But, alas, it was not for us to choose. And now the roll
of honor was increased with the names of the bright, loved,
brave Miller — Merritt B. Miller — at first sergeant; then
lieutenant ; acting as adjutant from the Rapidan, and com
missioned as such before his death. It is not an easy task
to trace lines that quiver with memories reaching back to
boyhood, amid associations of school and church, and other

230 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOL.
scenes ; to tell of the loss of such men as Adjutant Miller,
who would go into battle with smile on his face and gleeful
words on his lips ; yet, knowing what battle meant, and
devoutly grateful at every escape from danger, and penning
home words of appreciation of the noble comrades who fell
before his death-wound came. One of the incidents of this
historic task has been the reading of the home-letters of
Adjutant Miller ; from which have been gleaned some
details which the writer otherwise could not have known.
As an illustration of his character a letter is here given
written to his brother who had sent word of his purpose to

ADJUTANT MERRITT B. MILLER.
enter the service. He wrote August 5th, 1863 : " Remember
the counsel that you have had at home and in the Sunday-
school, and profit by it. Never swerve from the path of
truth and honesty. Avoid swearing. There is nothing more
low and ungentlemanly. Avoid all of the vices of camp life.
They are legion. Another thing you should observe, and
that is : Obey cheerfully the commands of your superior
officers. No matter if they may seem unjust and arbitrary,
the first and best quality of a soldier is to obey orders. I
would not have you think that I have any idea that you have
neglected any of these. Not so. I merely caution you, so

LIEUTENANT HULL. 23 1
that you may avoid the rocks upon which so many have
split. Recollect that the advice which I give you is the
experience of a year's service, where I have had the best
opportunity of observing."
T.he writer knelt beside his loved friend ere he was taken
to City Point. The hope was indulged that he might recover.
He was planning in view of a return home. As late as the
25th of June he wrote a few lines home, bidding the friends
not to worry about him. But the bullet which crushed his
thigh, had struck fatally ; and, at 2 o'clock Sunday morning,
June 26th, he seemed as one falling asleep. He did fall
asleep in the slumber peopled with visions, brighter than
dreams that herald the morning when the crowns of victory
shall press hero brows. Is the record needful, to disclose the
secret springs of his manly life, his unfailing courage, his
brave death ? When the regiment was at Annapolis in 1862,
in a prayer-meeting Merritt Miller used these words : " I
have enlisted in the service of the United States, and I intend
to be a good soldier. I have also enlisted in the service of
Jesus Christ, and I intend to serve him faithfully. I depend
on him for protection and salvation. Through his grace I
expect to live forever." Merritt Miller might have held a
higher commission. He was granted the choice, and he
chose to be adjutant. But such men as he needed not posi
tion to exalt him. He was exalted in his own manly worth.
Lieutenant Egbert B. Hull was another of the worthy men
shot on that fatal 22d of June. He came to the regiment by
outside appointment, and was a man in mature life. He
gained the universal respect of the officers and men. He was
an intimate friend of Adjutant Miller. He was cheerful and
brave, and sincerely and greatly was his death deplored. He
died in rebel hands. John Hammond, captured at the same
time, saw Lieutenant Hull reclining against a tree, severely
wounded. But he was not permitted by the rebels to stop
or hold any conversation with the wounded man, who, in a
few days, within the walls of a rebel hospital, passed from
earth.

232 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Lieutenant Edward N. Barnes also fell on the 22d of June.
He refused to surrender, and received five wounds before he
fell into the hands of the enemy, dying within their lines
June 27th. He was born at Utica, New York, May 2d, 1836.
He was a printer by occupation. Before enlisting in the One
Hundred and Twenty-fifth he had served in Duryea's Zou
aves ; and, later, with Sullivan's Band in another regiment.
He was a man cool in danger, and who won many friends.

LIEUTENANT EGBERT. B HULL.
He was full of good cheer amid discouragements, and com
municated his hopefulness to others. He was promoted for
valor at Gettysburg, where he was wounded. He received a
second wound at Spottsylvania, and the death-blow came to
him in front of Petersburg. He died amid the regrets of his
comrades. Our losses in officers and in men were not all through
wounds or by death on battle-field. Disease was doing its
work, and other causes operated to decimate our ranks.
Lieutenant Eglon L. Green died June 17th, of wounds

CAPTAIN CHAMBERLIN. 233
received on skirmish line May 30th. He was an additional
illustration of the truth that the post of honor was the place
of danger. For the rifle was pointed more carefully at those
recognized from uniform and sword as officers. Lieutenant
Green fell in the path of duty and is named with the honored
dead. He was a good officer, and was mustered as lieutenant
on the march.
On the 19th of June, Captain Frank Chamberlin resigned.
In camp, and in handling men, no officer gave greater
promise of useful and honorable career than did this officer.
Of fine bodily presence, quick and decisive, he was regarded

CAPTAIN FRANK CHAMBERLIN.

with true favor. He left the regiment when the long cam
paign of May and June was nearly concluded, having
accompanied the regiment in its many movements. On the
21st of June, Lieutenant L. H. Stevens, of whom honorable
mention has already been made, was honorably discharged
on surgeon's certificate of disability.
Captain William H. Hakes left the regiment on the 29th
of June. He had been identified with it from its organization,
and had been successively promoted from second to first
lieutenant and then to captain. He laid aside study in
college to enter the service. He was an educated man, an

234 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

efficient and brave soldier, serving faithfully as an officer to
the time of his resignation. His withdrawal from the regi
ment was a true loss.
About this time we were compelled to part with another
of our best officers, Captain William D. Taylor. Disease of
a most painful kind and disabling in its nature had become
confirmed. The exposure of active service had wrought as
effectually in laying him aside from duty as if the bullet had
prostrated him, and on the 14th of July he was honorably

CAPTAIN WILLIAM H. HAKES.
discharged from the service upon his resignation. He was
born at Granville, Washington County, New York, and was
by occupation a carriage maker. He became connected
with the Troy City Artillery, N. Y. S. N. Guards, November
9th, 1859, and was promoted to corporal and sergeant in that
company. He aided in recruiting F Company, and was
mustered as second lieutenant with rank from August 18th,
1862. At Chicago, in September 1862, he was detailed at
Provost Marshal's Headquarters, and while there he was

CAPTAIN TAYLOR

235

taken sick with fever and was sent to camp hospital, and
when the regiment left Chicago he remained in Marine
Hospital, with many other men of the regiment. He was
transferred to Troy, New York, where he was under surgeon's
care until April, 1863, when he returned to the regiment and
was promoted to first lieutenant, D Company, with rank
from February 6th, 1863. He was detached June 20th,
1863, to command the division ambulance train. Soon after
this, the exciting incident occurred that is recorded in an
earlier chapter of this history. He was commissioned and
mustered as captain November 3d, 1863, and assigned to E
Company. He remained with the company until May 14th,
1864, when on account of disability he was sent to the hos
pital at Annapolis, Maryland. He returned to the regiment
June 6th, when this was at Cold Harbor, and remained with
the company until June 15th, when he was placed in camp
hospital on account of inflammation of the knee joints fol
lowing an attack of fever, he being unable to walk except on
crutches. He was with the regiment in the battles of
Harper's Ferry, Auburn, Bristoe, Robertson's Tavern, Mine
Run, Morton's Ford, Wilderness, Po River, Spottsylvania
and Cold Harbor, and in all of these engagements displayed
the qualities of a true man and a brave and faithful officer.
Some who were wounded even severely have long ere these
lines were penned recovered fully from their wounds, but
Captain Taylor has carried through more than a score of
years the affliction, contracted in the service, which took
him from the regiment in the summer of 1864.
Following the Petersburg affair, a temporary consolidation
was made of some of the regiments which had been greatly
reduced in the campaign. Our brigade, with a part of the
Second Brigade, was formed into two battalions. The
Fifty-seventh, One Hundred and Eleventh, One Hundred
and Twenty-sixth and One Hundred and Twenty-fifth were
united under command of our Colonel, Levin Crandell.
About this time Captain Thomas F. Sheldon, whose record
has already been given, was sent home on sick-leave and was

236 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
unable to rejoin his command. The hot weather of that
summer, combined with the poor water, found by much
digging, affected the men unfavorably, and tended to fill the
hospital at City Point, and to send men home, some tem
porarily, and some permanently.
In the last of June we went into camp behind the earth
works. We were here on the Fourth of July. That Fourth
of July was the first day for two months — from May 5th —
in which we heard no firing. Cannon and rifle were now
silent. Thus ought they ever to have been as pointed by
Americans against Americans. The heritage of the memo
ries of July 4th, 1776, ought to have made impossible the
fierce fratricidal struggle from July 4, '61 — and before, until
July 4, '64 — and onward. And now be it hoped that the
dust of the Blue and the Gray, mingling in united graves,
may cement in perpetual oneness the foundations of the
Republic. We were busied in the early part of July in leveling earth
works in our rear, captured by us in the charges during June.
On the 1 2th of July we fell back a few miles, moving at
night on an expedition to the left, afterwards returning, and
marching back into camp near Petersburg.
We remained in this position until the 26th of July, when,
between four and five o'clock in the afternoon, we broke
camp and marched until about three o'clock on the morning
of the 27th. On the march, we crossed the Appomattox at
Point of Rocks and James River at Deep Bottom.
We occupied our assigned place in the line of battle on
the morning of the 27th, but we met with no casualties.
We re-crossed the James on the night of the 29th, marching
all night and reaching position near Petersburg about five
o'clock on the morning of the 30th.
With our Corps had marched Sheridan's Cavalry. The
design was to strike, if practicable, for Richmond, but if
that failed, the demonstration on the north bank of the
James would call rebel troops from Petersburg, and, thus,
the second plan of General Grant might better be carried
out. This second plan was connected with the Petersburg

MINE EXPLOSION AT PETERSBURG.

237

mine explosion. We had known, through rumors, of the
mining operations in progress. The rebels were aware of
them, and sought to defeat them by counter-mining. But the
mine had been successfully dug, the gallery to it being over
five hundred feet long with a cross-gallery under the rebel
lines over eighty feet long. Eight chambers, each contain
ing a ton of powder, were in readiness. The hour had been
appointed for the explosion. Everything promised well.

PONTOON BRIDGE AT DEEP BOTTOM.

Five-eighths of the rebel army was north of the James on
the morning of the 30th of July, and our army was largely
in hand for the move upon Petersburg itself. But, some one
blundered, and some one or more did worse than blunder,
some one, at the crisis moment, proved a coward. The mine
was exploded, the artillery thundered, and the men of the
Ninth Corps moved forward through the yawning gap
opened by the slaughter of hundreds of rebels. But no
general officer was on hand to direct, and the assaulting

238 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
force, instead of pressing through the gap, sweeping the
enemy to right and left, huddled in the awful crater. Min
utes grow into a half-hour, and the first consternation of the
explosion passing, the rebels were led back, and poured into
the crowded mass of men a deadly fire. A large number of
our men surrendered, and what might have been a brilliant
success proved a dreadful disaster. Four thousand formed
the Union loss on that July morning. We learned afterwards
of hot words at a meeting of general officers. General
Burnside sought to defend himself, and he left the army.
But General Grant was positive in condemning Burnside
and the commander of the advance division making the
charge. We understood at the time that the fatal defect
was in a change in the plan of assault made almost at the last
day. We were told, that for weeks the colored troops
had been in training for the work. The drill had been in
evolutions to be followed when the assault should be made.
But, at the last, General Meade decided that white troops
were alone equal to the undertaking. The result proved
his mistake.
To the Union losses in front of Petersburg in June,
amounting to 10,586 all told, must now be added this dis
aster in July of 419 killed, 1,679 wounded, and 1,910 missing.
The rebel loss at the mine explosion was only a little more
than one-fourth of the Union loss.
Our regiment, which left Stevensburg May 4th about four
hundred strong, receiving some reinforcements in the three
months following, by the end of this time was smaller by
two-thirds than at its beginning. Grant was no idler. " Sum
mer quarters " and " winter quarters " were terms that
ceased practically to have a meaning. The rebels too were
on the alert. Early had gone to the Shenandoah, and Wash
ington had been threatened ; and the Sixth Corps had been
sent from our force fronting Petersburg. Sheridan had been
sent to command in the Valley. And, to co-operate with
movements there, another attempt was made at Deep Bot
tom.

STRAWBERRY PLAINS. 239
On the 1 2th of August we were marched to City Point,
and were placed on transports. It was rumored that we
were to go to Washington. There were no stragglers.
We were safely on the boats, when we heard the direc
tions given, and the prows of the vessels were turned up
stream, and we knew that business was on hand.
When we landed we were moved about two miles to the
New Market road. Colonel Crandell was in command of the
brigade. The Irish regiments made a successful charge on
a line of rifle pits. Most of the brigade was on the skirmish-
line on the 14th. At night we were moved a short distance
to the left and threw up temporary breastworks. We were
sent again to the New Market road ; but, with the excep
tion of heavy skirmishing, the regiment did no hard fighting.
Aside from the part taken by our regiment, that the ac
tion at Strawberry Plains was a considerable affair is evi
denced by the fact that the Union troops lost 400 killed ;
1,755 wounded ; and 1,400 missing. The rebels lost between
one and two thousand. Some exciting incidents occurred
with which our Colonel was connected. But any general
attempt upon the enemy was relinquished, and another
night-march brought us back again on the old ground.
This second expedition is named Strawberry Plains, as it
extended farther inland than the first. Neither was pro
ductive of any decisive results in our favor.

CHAPTER XVI.
REAM'S STATION — FORT STEADMAN — BOMBARDMENTS.
TMMEDIATELY after our return from Strawberry Plains,
-*- we were sent with our Corps to the left, to destroy the
Weldon Railroad. We began this work on the afternoon of
August 22d, and continued it for two days. The rails were
torn up, the ties were piled together, and over the piles of
wood the rails were placed. The wood was fired and the
rails, heated red hot at the centre and bent, were rendered
useless. On the afternoon of the 24th it rained. It rained hard.
The ground was low where the regiment bivouacked. The
Government dealt out rations of whiskey that afternoon.
By some arrangement a part of the staff and the non-com
missioned staff were brought together at mess. A rail-fence
had been taken and a bed was formed of those rails. The
writer does not recall how even soldiers' blankets made
that bed of rails smooth. He will not vouch that it was
smooth. But, it was better than lying in water. A fire
had been kindled on ground a little more elevated, and the
coffee-pot was in place. It was now dark, and the Chaplain
had helped himself to his cup of coffee and had retired for
the night, leaving the coffee-pot simmering on the coals.
After awhile the other members of the mess, including the
Commissary Sergeant, Josiah Green, Jr. — who had been on
duty dealing out rations, including the whiskey — came to
gether about the fire. The canteens had been filled with
water ; and the Commissary took up a canteen and filled the
coffee-pot anew. And now, squatted in Indian-fashion about

COMMISSARY SERGEANT GREEN.

241

that fire, those men watched that coffe-pot. Above it ap
peared a bluish flame. An earnest discussion arose whether
steam from water can burn. The question remained unde
cided until the coffee was served. Then was asked quite
loud the courteous question : " Chaplain, have some more
coffee?" But the response was: "No; I have had my
cup." " But, Chaplain, take some more ! " " No ; thanks ! "
The mystery of burning steam was solved ; and with loud
laughter was it proclaimed that the Commissary had by mis
take emptied into the coffee-pot, not a canteen of water, but

COMMISSARY SERGEANT JOSIAH GREEN, JR.
of whiskey. But, the Chaplain escaped the pleasant trap ;
and to the present cannot understand how that whiskey-
coffee kept those who drank it — as they claimed — from taking
cold ; when he, without drinking it, took no cold.
But that Commissary Green was a royal fellow. He had
served in the Commissary Department from the early days
of our regiment ; and had been promoted to be commissary
sergeant. He was, later, granted with decided merit a lieu
tenant's commission. He was one of the faithful number
whose services throughout the entire war contributed to the
comfort of the men. In all the many movements of the

242 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
troops, seldom were these without the rations due; and,
when for reasons beyond control the rations were exhausted
before the time for which they had been issued, the defi
ciency was supplied by an extra issue. The administration
of the Commissary Department throughout the war was a
marvel. On the 25th of August occurred the battle of Ream's Sta
tion. The fight was quite spirited, and lasted from one
o'clock P. M. until dark. The rebels, who had marched
from Petersburg to resist us, made repeated efforts to
break our lines, and were repeatedly repulsed. About six
o'clock P. M. they opened on us with artillery, firing very
rapidly. To all appearance, they designed charging upon
our left, as they shelled our works at that point, giving us an
enfilading fire ; but those in command of our men were not
deceived by this. Captain Egolf came in from the skirmish-
line, and gave information that the rebels were advancing on
the right, upon which our artillery at once opened fire, firing
very rapidly into the woods. The shelling was continued for
some minutes, following which was the rebel charge which
formed the principal feature of the battle. The charge was
made by them in force. The skirmish-line fell back, as it
always did when a line of battle approached. When the
rebels came out of the woods in front of our line, our men
opened a destructive fire on them. They kept advancing
until within twelve or fifteen yards of our lines, when their
line wavered and stopped. This was the turning point of
the fight, and here we failed. The works might have been
held. To be sure, our line was quite narrow, and the centre
of it presented but a narrow front ; true, that in rear of the
front of the centre, only a few feet, was the railroad cut, at
least twelve feet deep, to be crossed with great difficulty ;
true, that it would have been the part of wisdom to have had
our front on the near instead of the far side of the railroad;
yet the works, which were old ones, constructed by the cav
alry some time before, ought to have been held by our men.
There is no excuse to offer that they were not held. The line

REAM S STATION.

243

first gave way on the left, at a point occupied by a regiment
only lately filled with new recruits, many of whom had never
before been under fire, and some of whom were not yet
armed. This created something of a panic, and all of the
centre gave way, which was followed by the disorganization of
the whole line. For some minutes, officers and others tried
in vain to rally the men. Colors were planted, and men
were called upon to rally around them, but only a few would
halt. At length, General Hancock placed himself in front
of the men and said, " Men, will you leave me?" A number
then rallied, when he charged them up to the works. At the
same time, another line was rallied a few hundred yards in
the rear by officers rushing in front of the men and waving
their hats and swords and calling upon the men to follow.
This came up to the support of the other, and thus the
rebels were kept at bay, and soon, by a skillful move to the
right, a flank fire was opened on the rebels, and they were
not permitted to follow up their advantage, and the day was
redeemed. During the night a portion of our men fell back,
by orders, to the Williams House, on the left of our line ;
others remaining until morning, when they joined us. The
rebels hurried away in the night — having suffered, we think,
more heavily than did we in killed and wounded. All of bur
regiment was on the skirmish-line during the last charge.
That is, in brief, an account of the battle. But, there were
details concerning officers and enlisted men that must not be
omitted from this record. Colonel Crandell was Division
Officer of the Day, and was busied along the whole line.
Lieutenant-Colonel Hyde was in command of the brigade.
Captain Joseph Egolf, while in command of the regiment,
did his duty nobly ; as at other times, so on that day which
cost him his right arm. Every inch of the ground where he
fought was contested with the enemy. An old ice-house
stood on the ground beyond the railroad cut. He brought
our men behind the ice-house. Leading the men in an effort
to dislodge the enemy from their position, which afforded a
cross-fire upon our men, he received his wound. He was

244 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
shot when in the railroad cut, where the men had fallen back.
He was at first reported dead and the writer made efforts to
get through the lines to secure his body. But later reports
proved reliable, that, while severely wounded, he was alive.
Captain Egolf was held in the highest estimation in our
regiment and among the citizens of Troy. When the report
of his death reached Troy, the following tribute, appearing
in the Troy Times, under date of August 31st, 1864, voiced
the general regard for him. No one could desire a more

CAPTAIN JOSEPH EGOLF.
grateful tribute ; and, in giving it a place here we give to
Captain, afterwards Major, Egolf, fitting honor. It reads:
"There are few officers whose loss will cause a more pro
found regret in this city and neighborhood than that of Cap
tain Egolf, and our pen can scarcely do adequate justice
to his conspicuous bravery and military services, and his
purity of private character. He was one of the first to 'rally
round the flag,' after it had been fired on at Fort Sumter.
He enlisted in a Troy regiment (the Second) and was made

CAPTAIN EGOLF. 245
orderly sergeant of D Company, commanded by Captain Cas
sidy, and composed mainly of fellow-moulders. He was pro
moted to a lieutenantcy and then to a captaincy, in which
capacity he returned with the regiment.
" He was present in all the battles in which the old Second
took part, and was conceded to be one of its leading officers.
At Bristoe Station, in the Summer of 1862, (August 27th)
he received a terrible wound in the neck, and narrowly es
caped death. He returned home for awhile, and then re
joined his command. When the regiment was mustered out
of the service, he retired to private life for a time. A year
ago he was active in procuring enlistments, and was ap
pointed by the county one of its recruiting officers. A few
months ago he joined the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth as
lieutenant. Less modest men would have claimed and easily
obtained higher rank ; but he soon won his double bars.
Only last week we recorded his promotion to a captaincy.
The chasm of strife has been bridged by the bodies of many
of our noblest and bravest, and the rebel bullet at Ream's
Station added to the roll of heroes a name of deathless mem
ory. He lived without a foe ; he died with regrets on every
lip — for even the frequency of such events does not dull the
popular sympathy over a loss like his.
' Make him a grave where the sunbeams rest,
When they promise a glorious morrow.
They shall smile o'er the turf, like a light from the West,
And brighten the mantle of sorrow.' "
These words were penned of him when he was thought to
be dead. All that is good in them remained when it was
learned that he was living.
Among the mortally wounded was Corporal George Mer
chant of G Company. He captured, while on the skirmish-
line, two rebels ; and received his death-wound when in ad
vance of our line. He served faithfully in his company, and
fell at last as pure a patriot as any man of our regiment. He
might have done duty where dangers were less great ; but he
refused a position removed from peril, declaring: "I enlisted

DAVID MCNEELY, BENJAMIN MONTGOMERY, WILLIAM BOLTON.

CAPTAIN BABCOCK.

247

to fight for my country, and I do not wish my comrades to
do my duty for me."
Among the captured at Ream's Station was William Bol
ton, of C Company. He was one of the faithful men in the
ranks, who like others, was deserving of position of responsi
bility. After his capture he was taken to Libby Prison,
Richmond, to Belle Island, and to Salisbury, remaining a
prisoner six months and three days.

CAPTAIN WILLIAM H. BABCOCK.
Among the others captured at the same time were Lieu
tenant, afterwards Captain, William H. Babcock, and Lieu
tenant Henry M. Clum, both of them men who rose from
the ranks through a fidelity to duty that commanded the at
tention of their officers.
Captain Babcock was born at Whitehall, N. Y., August
1 2th, 1830. He became by trade a house painter, living at
Troy. In 1855 he moved to Chicago, Ills. In 1859, he
went to St. Louis, Mo., from which place he moved to New

248 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Orleans, La. He was at the last named place at the out
break of the war. He was impressed in the celebrated Lou
isiana Tigers; but, he had in mind when he became a rebel
soldier to escape at the earliest opportunity, for his convic
tions bound him to the North. He made his escape and
came to New York ; shortly afterwards enlisting in our reg
iment. He was one of the four men who carried Colonel
Willard's body to the rear at Gettysburg. After his capture

CAPTAIN HENRY M. CLUM.

at Reams's Station, and while a prisoner in Libby prison, he
sought to make his escape, but was thwarted in his plan.
When exchanged, he returned to the regiment and served to
the close of the war.
Lieutenant, afterwards Captain, Henry M. Clum, also men
tioned as taken prisoner, was born in the town of Brunswick,
Rensselaer County, New York, February 2d, 1826. He came
to Troy in 1845. He was by trade a moulder. He had four

WELDON RAILROAD. 249
brothers in the army, and belonged therefore to a truly pat
riotic family. We have recorded the death of one of his
brothers at Cold Harbor. Lieutenant Clum was a good sol
dier, never shirking his duty, and deserved the promotion
which came to him unsought, and which took him from pri
vate to a captaincy. At Ream's Station he saw the man
who shot Captain Egolf. He was staunching Captain Egolf's
wound when he was captured. It is a true pleasure to record
the services rendered by such men as Captain Clum, and the
honors which came to them.
Sergeant Richard Hulbert was also numbered with the
prisoners in the battle at Ream's Station. He had been
wounded on the 18th of June, and had been sent to hospital ;
but, he returned to the regiment in time to take part in the
battle where he was captured. He remained in rebel prison
until paroled in March, 1865.
The move on our part on the line of the Weldon Railroad
immediately followed the capture of the road by the Fifth
Corps under General Warren. All the rebel attempts to re
take the road proved futile. Even a partial success at
Ream's Station did not affect the general result which was
doubly in favor of the Union troops — in that the rebels suf
fered most severely in the engagements at the road ; and, in
that the road remained thereafter in our hands. The loss
on our side was, killed, 212; wounded, 1,155 ; missing, 3,176.
The number of the rebels killed is unrecorded, but it is
known that their entire loss was over 4,000.
It should be recorded, that after our engagement at Ream's
Station, Colonel Crandell called for a court of inquiry to de
termine the responsibility of the affair on the 22d of June,
and to fix the reponsibility of the partial disaster at Ream's
Station. The object was to exonerate the men of his com
mand from all blame, and to disclose mismanagement on the
part of some men in command. As Corps Officer of the
Day on the 23d of June, he was called upon for a report of
the condition of the lines. His report, if pressed, would have
rightly affixed the responsibility of June 22d.

250 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
From June 15th to June 19th we suffered a loss in killed
of 1,298; wounded, 2,943; missing, 1,814. The rebel loss is
not known ; and the Union loss on the 22d and 23d of June
was, killed, 604; wounded, 2,494 ; missing, 2,217. The Con
federate loss was, so far as known, a trifle ; as reported, less
than 1,000.
After Ream's Station, the regiment came under the com
mand of Captain Nelson Penfield, the Colonel being in com
mand of the brigade. Captain Penfield, although injured
painfully at Cold Harbor by the falling of a tree when breast
works were building, remained at his post. In the depletion

CAPTAIN NELSON PENFIELD.

of line officers, the writer was called into the adjutant's office,
and was brought into close relations with Captain Penfield.
He retains most pleasant remembrance of one who sought to
the utmost of his ability to do his duty.
Captain Penfield was born in Ballston, Saratoga County,
N. Y., April 24th, 1818. He was employed for years as a
collar-cutter in Troy ; and was at the same time a member
of the night-police. For fifteen years he was connected with
the Troy City Artillery, and was a lieutenant of this com
pany at the time he was commissioned captain of F Com
pany of our regiment. He was with the regiment in all of

BEHIND THE EARTHWORKS.

251

its battles, except when he was absent on sick-leave, up to
his resignation. He contracted disease incident to exposure
and to camp-fare, that compelled him to withdraw from the
service, which he did before the next and final campaign of
the war. He carried home, fatally fixed upon him, the dis
ease which took him from the front. He was not able to do
a day's work from the time of his resignation until the time
of his death, February 18th, 1886. He was buried with mili
tary honors, in Troy, and fills an honorable grave.
After Ream's Station, although we were for a short time
on reserve, our camp behind the earthworks gained the title
of " Bullet Camp," for the bullets of the enemy curved

BEHIND THE EARTHWORKS.

about us and wounded not a few in the general line, our
regiment not escaping unhurt. The writer remembers a
bullet which cut a hole at the head of the bunk, made of
barrel-staves, within shelter tent, where he was quartered.
Afterwards we were placed in Fort Steadman, memorable
in the following spring, when the rebels at this point made
their last aggressive effort to break through our lines, which
was momentarily successful, but was finally completely de
feated, with a loss of about 4,000 to the rebels to 2,200 on the
Union side. While we were in Fort Steadman, during the
month of September and in the time following, the night-
air above and along our lines was made brilliant with the

252 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

trailing fire of burning fuse from curving and bursting shell.
It was a display of fireworks — carrying danger and death —
attended, nevertheless, with more than a Fourth of July
enthusiasm on the part of the Union troops. For these
night bombardments, from mortar and cannon, were the
jubilant celebration of the victories of Sheridan in the Valley,
of Sherman in Georgia, and on his great march to the sea,
and of Schofield and Thomas in Tennessee. In September
came the word of Sheridan's victories at Opequon Creek and
Fisher's Hill. Then, in October, came that most brilliant vic
tory beyond Winchester, where disaster occurring during

r >l^tAyJLfi-As^7^r..rif

FORT STEADMAN.

Sheridan's absence was not only retrieved, but where the en
emy was most fearfully routed. Early, the commander of the
rebel forces, lost more men, as General Grant relates, "in
killed, wounded, and captured in the Valley than Sheridan
had commanded from first to last." The one engagement at
Opequan Creek inflicted upon the enemy a loss of over 5,500 ;
the Union loss being, killed, 653 ; wounded, 3,719; missing,
618. The wisdom of General Grant in placing Sheridan in
command inthe Shenandoah was justified, and the Cavalry
was now made to do most effective service in battle.
A shotted salute from a hundred guns proclaimed the
successive triumphs of General Sherman in his campaign,

SHERMAN'S VICTORIES. 253
dating from the same time of the Wilderness campaign, and
culminating at Atlanta, where, in addition to all the losses
heretofore sustained on both sides, the rebels lost on the 22d
of July, 1864, alone, 2,482 killed, 4,000 wounded, and 2,017
missing, to a Union loss of 500 killed, 2,141 wounded, and
missing, 1,000. From May 5th to September 8th General
Sherman's muster rolls recorded 5,284 killed; 26,129 wound
ed, and 5,886 missing. The advance was great in the records
of war ; the loss was fearful in the annals of humanity. To
the figures in the latter record must be added the unknown
number of the rebel killed and wounded. But, Sherman's
victories that we chiefly celebrated was his capture of At
lanta, September 2d, 1864, and of Savannah, about Christmas
of that year.
General Hood had been permitted to go into Tennessee,
while Sherman marched towards the sea. But, at Franklin,
Tennessee, the rebels were badly punished by the Union
troops under General Schofield, losing 1,750 killed, 3,800
wounded, and 702 missing, while the Union forces lost 189
killed, wounded, 1,033, ------ missing, 1,104. At Nashville
came the final rout of the rebels, in that winter battle, when
General Thomas crushed and scattered Hood's army. In
that campaign they lost about 20,000 men to about six
thousand on the Union side. The word of all these vic
tories was most cheering to our men, and was made cor
respondingly depressing to the rebels, as Union cheers rang
along our lines after the reading of the orders announcing
the triumphs. Many of the rebels deserted to our lines.
In the latter part of the year we were stationed for a short
time at Fort Patrick Kelly. We formed a part of the forces
sent towards Hatcher's Run in October, but no more fighting
was done by our regiment during the year 1864.
Before the year closed we were called upon to part with
our Colonel. Although greatly regretting his loss, it was a
satisfaction that he was not cut down in death on battle
field as was his predecessor. Wounded slightly three times,
he had escaped a fatal shot.

254 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Colonel Crandell was a son of Otis and Eliza A. Crandell..
He was born at Crandell's Corners, in the town of Easton,
Washington County, New York, on the 22d day of De
cember, 1826. His father was a soldier in the War of
1 812. At the age of ten years his father sold his farm in
Easton and purchased a farm of 135 acres in the town of
Milton, Saratoga County, taking possession on or about the
15th of March, 1836. He was kept at school closely, ex
cepting in planting and harvest time. At the age of
eighteen he was, at a meeting called by proper authority,
elected captain of the militia of the town, under the old
State law, which position he never filled, as on the 5th of
August, 1845, he went to Troy and took a position as a
clerk in the dry goods store of Jared Brewster, No. 3 Canon
Place. In the spring of 1846, he went into the store of
James Buell, in the same line of business, and remained with
him until Mr. Buell went into the banking business. He
followed the mercantile business until March, 1854, when he
took the position of general book-keeper of the Central Bank
of Troy, and remained there until August, 1862. He joined
the Troy Citizens' Corps in 1856, and remained a mem
ber of that organization until he received a commission as
surgeon's mate in the Twenty-fourth Regiment New York
State Militia, dated November 15th, 1858. On July 16th,
i860, he was commissioned adjutant of the same regiment,
under Colonel Joseph B. Carr, and on Colonel Carr accepting
the colonelcy of the Second Regiment New York State
Volunteers, he was elected colonel of the Twenty-fourth
Regiment, over the major and lieutenant-colonel, rank from
June 29th, 1 861, Isaac McConhie being the opposing can
didate. On the morning of the 5th of August, 1862, a delegation
from the War Committee called on him at the Central Bank
of Troy, and requested him to take command of what was
subsequently known as Camp Halleck, saying that George
L. Willard was to command the One Hundred and Twenty-
Fifth Regiment, then being organized, and that he had not

colonel crandell.

255

as yet been relieved from his duties in the field, and it was
necessary that some one should take charge of the camp un
til he arrived, and saying that if anything should happen to
prevent Colonel Willard from taking the position, that he,
Colonel Crandell, would likely be asked to take the regi
ment to the field as its Colonel. He stated to the delega
tion that his time was not his own, but, if he was at liberty
to do so, would gladly accept the position. A meeting of
the directors of the bank was immediately called, and at the
close of the meeting the president informed him that the
directors had passed a resolution to the effect that he might '
assume command of the camp and that his salary would be
continued by the bank until the regiment was organized.
This was about 12 o'clock, and at 3 o'clock the same day
he assumed command and retained the command until the
organization was completed, and the regiment put on board
of the cars for the field. When on board, Colonel George L.
Willard assumed command. On the afternoon of the 28th
of August, 1862, the War Committee waited on him and
asked him if he was consumptive, (as he was tall and slender
at that time.) He asked them why they asked the question.
They replied that the line officers had petitioned to have
him commissioned lieutenant-colonel and sent into the field
with them. On his replying that he was not in any way
inclined to consumption, Mr. Eddy of the War Committee
said to him that he had a commission for him in his pocket
as lieutenant-colonel and asked if he would accept it ; to
which he replied, that up to that time he had had no idea of
going with the regiment, but would consult with his family
about the matter and give them an answer the next morning.
On the morning of the 29th of August he formally
accepted the commission and was mustered into the United
States Service on the 30th of August, the day the regiment
left for the field ; serving from that time until December
14th, 1864, when his resignation was accepted.
The record of Colonel Crandell, even more markedly than
that of other officers, could not be placed on a page by itself.

256 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
It is interwoven in all the history of the regiment. He was
first to lay moulding hand upon our men at Camp Hal
leck, Troy, N. Y., and prepared the material for Colonel
Willard's leadership. In the early history of the regiment,
when for a time Colonel Willard was called away on impor
tant duty at Washington, the men came anew under Colonel
Crandell's training ; and, again, did he favor the subsequent
leadership of Colonel Willard. And when the latter was
finally taken from the command of the regiment, (to which
he would never have returned, for he doubtless would there
after have served in position, and with rank of General) the
men came again into hands not unfamiliar ; and they gave
to the new commander a devotion which at once reflected
credit upon him and upon one who had taught them the
soldier's duty of prompt obedience to those in authority.
Colonel Crandell proved himself a manly man. He was
just to all. He was calm in battle, never losing presence of
mind; skillful in using advantages for effective work that
presented themselves. He served with us from Troy to Mor
ton's Ford — after which he was sent, with a detail of officers
and men, by the Government, to Troy, N. Y., on recruiting
service. Returning to the regiment at the North Anna, he
-was on duty, with the exception of the few days he was ab
sent wounded, until all the hard service of the summer of
1864 was completed. Later he was employed by the Wash
ington authorities on important duty in various parts of the
country. He was compelled near the close of the year to
yield to reasons for his renewed resignation that had long
been urging themselves upon him. The reasons were out
side of himself and were by him earnestly resisted. The
writer knows that the attitude of Colonel Crandell's mind
all along had been, that only serious wounds, or reasons that
would be worthy of him as a man and as a patriot should
take him from the service so long as the country needed him.
But, home conditions laid an imperative hand upon him, and
he reluctantly sheathed a sword on which was never a stain
of dishonor. The estimation in which he was held in the

COLONEL CRANDELL. 257
regiment found expression in words spoken at the time, in
words written home, in words published in the press ; and in
the ready following the men yielded to him in time of dan
ger. The estimation in which he was held by his superior
officers was traced in the lines penned on his resignation,
when this was first presented and was refused. They read:
" Colonel Crandell is a faithful officer and would not send in
his resignation unless he had good reasons for doing so."
" Colonel Crandell is too good an officer to be spared from
the service at such a time as this. His application is disap
proved." " Colonel Crandell's resignation can by no means
be accepted."
As an illustration of his courage and bearing: when at
Strawberry Plains, in command of the brigade, as a part of
this made repeated charges — in a fight lasting from half-past
ten in the morning until late in the evening — he was in the
saddle all the time, directing and inciting, except as he dis
mounted to creep up near the enemy to better determine
their position. Three times was he shot at while seeking to
reach one of our men wounded at the extreme front of the
fighting. A high place is properly assigned Colonel Levin
Crandell in these historic records.

CHAPTER XVII.
PROMOTIONS — APPROACHING THE END.
"VX 7E now gather up some threads in our regimental his-
* * tory — threads by no means light — before tracing the
last campaign of the war.
One officer had been missed from the regiment from the
latter part of May, 1864; but he with other officers had been
employed by the Government on special duty in Washington.
He was Captain George E. Lemon, of whom repeated record
is found in the pages of this history. He was one of the
original captains of the regiment, having in connection with
Lieutenants Newcomb and Stevens recruited G Company.
He was one of the youngest captains in the regiment ; lithe
of form, quick of movement and speech, brave and skillful
in battle, unwilling to withdraw from the field even when
severely wounded. After Bristoe, he returned to his com
mand just before the opening of the Wilderness Campaign,
but he was really unfit for service, as his wound was still
painful because of the unextracted bullet in his leg. It was
difficult for him to walk ; and his return to duty was contrary
to the judgment and advice of his friends in the regiment.
In the battles of the Wilderness he displayed qualities which
would have led to his speedy promotion ; but the roughness
of the ground and the hard marching rendered him unfit for
duty at the front, and he was sent to Washington, there to
serve with other officers, like himself, rendered unfit by
reason of wounds from active campaigning. His retirement
from duty at the front was a great loss to the entire regiment.
At the close of the war he gave himself to the business of

CAPTAIN GEORGE E. LEMON.

CAPTAIN GEORGE E. LEMON.
From recent Photograph.

CAPTAIN LEMON. 259
attending to the claims of officers and enlisted men, with the
result that up to the present over one hundred million dol
lars have passed through his hands, collected for men
entitled to Government aid. He has conducted a large
business, and at the present writing employs nearly two-
hundred clerks. He has conquered success in business by
his financial ability, his indomitable pluck, his unstained
integrity, and an unflagging attention to business. The
soldiers of the Union are largely indebted to him for the best
pension legislation on the statute books of the Nation. He
is the full owner of the National Tribune, the National
soldier's organ, ranking in ability and circulation with the
best journals of the land.
It has ever been to Captain Lemon a source of regret
that his wounds prevented his remaining at the front to
share with the regiment in all of its fortunes. But the facts
already given made such a stay impracticable. After lead
ing the regiment in battles of the Wilderness he was sent to
Washington, where he reported to Dr. Antisell, who was in
charge of wounded officers of volunteers. The following is a
description of the wound that disabled him, as then recorded.
The ball took effect in the right leg, three inches below the
knee joint, passing down and lodging between the bones of
the leg, from which place it could not be extracted. After
Dr. Antisell had examined the wound, probing for the ball,
he decided it would be unsafe to withdraw the missile, the
leg in the interval of two days having become so swollen and
being in such an inflamed condition. He was therefore fur
loughed, going North and remaining several months. Then
he reported to the regiment, as recorded in this history in con
nection with the account of the Wilderness campaign. But
his Bristoe wound necessitated the surgeon to send him to
the hospital for officers at Annapolis. While there he was
ordered by Hon. E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War, to serve
as a member of a Military Commission and General Court
Martial, convened at Washington, D. C, and he was retained
on said Commission until the close of the war. The above

26o ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y S. VOLS.
Commission was composed entirely of officers so disabled by
wounds as not to be able to perform service in the field. A
recommendation by the commanding officer of the regiment
that Captain Lemon be promoted to the position of lieuten
ant-colonel was rendered futile by his continued inability to
perform service in the field. He was honorably discharged,
May 1 5th, '65, on account of wounds and the close of the war.
Captain Lemon is by birth a New York State man. He
was born in 1843, an<-- was therefore only nineteen years of
age when made captain of G Company, which was raised
nnder the order of Governor E. D. Morgan, authorizing the
issue of a captain's commission to any man who should raise
a full company of 105 men. His childhood was spent in
Onondaga County, New York. When the war broke out
he was a student, in the sophomore class, in the Troy (N. Y.)
University. He was an intimate friend of General John A.
Logan, who headed the columns of Grant as they entered
Vicksburg. It was truly SE.id of General Logan, just after
his lamentable death, in the report made in Congress by
a part of the Committee on Invalid Pensions He " was
one of the most distinguished, if not the most distinguished
volunteer general of our late war." " No man gave his coun
try greater measure of service in her hour of supreme peril,
and few gave as great." " His wounds received and disabil
ities incurred in time of war, and his continued sufferings
therefrom during all the years since, even to the last days of
his fatal illness, are facts of such common acceptance as to
make it reasonably certain that his death was the direct re
sult of his military service."
Captain Lemon not only started the movement to raise a
fund for the widow of his friend General Logan — a fund to
which he was first to contribute largely, and which reached
the large sum of sixty-four thousand dollars — but he is favor
ing, through the National Tribune, the erection of a monu
ment to the dead general to be located in Washington. The
soldiers have had few better friends than Captain Lemon.
When, left with that detail of men from the brigade at

COLONEL HYDE. 26l
Centreville, Va., in the Gettysburg campaign, he obeyed or
ders in applying the torch to vast quantities of commissary
and quartermaster stores, including new clothing and im
mense supplies of all kinds, he performed a reluctant duty ;
but since the war he has given willing and incessant labor to
benefit the men who served their country in its hour of need.
Before the last campaign of the war, Colonel Joseph Hyde
came into command of the regiment. He is an example of
that promotion which came to the faithful volunteer officer

COLONEL JOSEPH HYDE.
and soldier. He was at the first a lieutenant in H Company,
and rose from rank to rank until, after Colonel Crandell's
resignation, an eagle decked his shoulders. Colonel Hyde
was born in Washington County, New York, June 5th, 1821.
He lived at home on a farm until the age of seventeen. He
then learned the blacksmith trade, which he followed for
several years, after which time he gave his attention to a
machinist's trade and engineering. He superintended the
construction of several public and private works. For the
few years immediately preceding the war, he was superin
tendent in Troy of the safe works of Lillie, the pioneer in
this branch of industry. While in the service of the country
he served in the responsible position of inspector-general on

262 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
the staffs of Generals Alexander Hays, Joshua T. Owen, and
C. D. McDougall. His commission as captain came to him
after the lamented death of Captain Ephraim Wood. At
Spottsylvania he was promoted to major and assigned the
command of the Thirty-ninth New York Volunteers. While
in front of Petersburg, he was commissioned lieutenant-
colonel, and later — as already mentioned — he was made col
onel and took command of his old regiment. He was with

CAPTAIN WILLIAM BLAIR.

the regiment in all of its battles and skirmishes, except when
he was in command of the Garibaldis. When inspector-
general, he was in the same engagements with our regiment.
He had the honor, as later will more fully appear, of leading
the regiment in its victorious trip homewards. Writing of
Colonel Hyde, while the observation of his leadership was
yet fresh before the writer, the words were penned : " He
has been cool, careful, brave and able."

CAPTAIN CLARKSON.

263

Honorable mention is here made of a group of young
officers who came to the front ere the war closed. Some of
them received their commissions and were mustered the night
before the beginning of the last campaign. Of the number
was Lieutenant William Blair. Record was made at the
time and is repeated here of the soldierly merit of this officer,
who was with the regiment in all of its service and hardship,
and for whom, not the writer alone, but all who knew his
fidelity and worth entertained a high regard.

CAPTAIN FRANCIS CLARKSON.
Another of the group was Lieutenant Francis Clarkson,
who was later commissioned as Captain. He was born at
Poughkeepsie, New York, August 12th, 1834. He passed
his sch'ool days in that place. In March, 1854, he moved to
New York to learn the trade of an iron-moulder. In 1861 he
moved to Troy, New York. He enlisted as a private in B
Company of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth ; and made
his way, by fidelity in camp and on battlefield, to a line-

264 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
officer's position. He was with the regiment in all of its
engagements, except when for a short time he was at home
on "leave of absence."
We place also on distinct record the names and services of
Lieutenant Henry E. Herring, Captain Edward C. Jackson,
Lieutenant Robert E. Myer, Captain James L. Tilley, Lieu
tenant Martin V. B. Mattison, Captain George W. Pettit,
Lieutenant Edward L. Shaw, Lieutenant James L. Smith,
Lieutenant Charles E. Sweet, Lieutenant David E. White,

LIEUTENANT HENRY E. HERRING.

Lieutenant William H. Evans and Lieutenant Charles Bates.
Of the last two the writer has failed to secure a detailed
sketch, but of their valor and good service he has the most
lively and pleasant remembrances. They were both true
men and brave soldiers ; and, like others, made their way
from the ranks to positions of responsibility and to honor
able rank by their good conduct as soldiers.
Lieutenant Henry E. Herring was one of the few men of
the regiment who, always at his post of duty, with the

CAPTAIN JACKSON.

265

regiment in all of its battles and in all of its hardships,
was known as among "the bravest of the brave," yet never
received a wound. He bears until now the deepest sense of
gratitude to that Divine Providence which shielded him com
pletely in all hours of peril. He was born near Troy, New
York, in 1837. He was doubly orphaned before he reached
the age of ten. From this time he waged the battle of life
alone, and brought the discipline of his early struggle into
army life. The regiment had no member more deserving
of honorable mention.

CAPTAIN EDWARD C. JACKSON.
Captain Edward C. Jackson was born December 10th,
1844, at Columbus, Georgia; but of Northern parents, his
mother being a daughter of Amos Allen of Troy, N. Y., well-
known in the earlier days of this city. Captain Jackson be
came a resident of Troy in 1855. Early in August, 1862, he
enlisted in K Company, 12th Vermont Infantry, organized
at Rutland, Vermont. This regiment was a nine months or
ganization. It performed its first service where the One
Hundred and Twenty-fifth was on duty after its return to

266 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Virginia from Chicago. At that time Captain Jackson be
came acquainted with the regiment in which he afterwards
served until the close of the war. While in the 12th Ver
mont, he participated with the First Corps in the battle of
Gettysburg. His brigade was "Stannard's," which did so
effective service in the " pinch " of the battle on the last day
at Gettysburg, when Pickett's Division was crushed. His
regiment was mustered out, July 14th, 1863. In February,
1864, he re-enlisted, this time in A Company of our regiment.
He joined the regiment when this was at Stevensburg. He

CAPTAIN JAMES L. TILLEY.
was made a sergeant May 27th, 1864; was commissioned
first lieutenant December 5th, 1864; and was promoted to
be captain March 28th, 1865. He came home with the reg
iment. From the time he joined this, he never missed a sin
gle engagement in which the regiment took part. While we
were in Fort Steadman he was absent for one week, sick in
hospital ; but, learning that the regiment was under marching
orders, he rolled up his blankets and joined his company and
remained at his post. The writer has the most positive
memories of Captain Jackson's cheerful service, and uni
formly brave bearing. None found a place nearer the enemy

CAPTAIN JACKSON.

267

than did he. His hopefulness led him to speak of such a
battle as Ream's Station as a "little skirmish." Since the
war he has resided, for the most part, at the West ; spending
two years in Omaha and Nebraska, and living, with a de
voted wife, five years on a prairie farm. In 1875 he was
elected county clerk of Washington County, Nebraska, and
was re-elected in 1877. He was also clerk of the district
court during these four years. In 1877 he was admitted to
the bar as attorney at law, and practiced a year or two in
connection with abstracting of titles to real estate. In 1880

LIEUTENANT ROBERT E. MYER.

he became deputy treasurer, serving three terms of two
years each. In the Autumn of 1886 he was elected treas
urer. If the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth was honored in
its members during the war, it has been also honored in the
service of many of them since the close of the Rebellion.
Captain James L. Tilley was a farmer's son, living on a
farm until he was 17 years of age, when he moved to Troy,
New York, where he was employed in the confectionery
establishment of N. H. Clarkson. At the age of 18 he enlisted
in the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, and by his quiet,

268 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
steadfast fidelity to duty he rose, step by step, to a foremost
place in the regiment. In addition to his other commission,
he was granted that of a major; but on this last commission
he did not muster.
Second Lieutenant Robert Emmet Myer, son of Robert
R. L. Myer, a soldier of the war of 1812, was born in Hudson,
New York, December 9, 1825. He moved with his parents
to Troy, New York, in 1827. He is the survivor of four
brothers who served in the late war : Lieutenant-Colonel
Aaron Bennett Myer, of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth

LIEUTENANT M.

B. MATTISON.

N. Y. Vols., Captain Charles F. Myer, of Company A, Ninety-
third N. Y. Vols., and Thomas T. B. Myer, of Company K,
Ninety-third N. Y. Vols.
He enlisted as private in Company B of the One Hundred
and Twenty-fifth, at the formation of the regiment, and was
promoted to fifth sergeant, August 27, 1862. He served
with the regiment until May 6, 1864. He was taken prisoner
in the battle of the Wilderness on that day. He was kept
at Andersonville and Florence until December 9th. He
was paroled in Charleston, S. C, and was exchanged at

LIEUTENANT MATTISON. 269
Annapolis, March 26, 1865. ' He joined the regiment at
Burke's Station, and was promoted to second lieutenant,
February 28, 1865. He was mustered out with the regiment.
Lieutenant M. V. B. Mattison was born in Peterboro,
New York, March 14th, 1839. He was another of our
number who was " brought up" on a farm ; devoting time to
study, and becoming fitted to teach. He moved to Troy in
1862., and soon enlisted. He served at first as corporal, but
was promoted to be sergeant-major of the regiment, which
was only next to a lieutenant's position. He afterwards
received a commission as first lieutenant. He was with the
regiment at Harper's Ferry, Gettysburg, Morton's Ford,
Wilderness, Po River, Spottsylvania, Petersburg, Boydton
Plank Road, and in the closing engagements of the war.
Lieutenant Mattison was a true Christian soldier and merited
promotion sooner than this came to him.
Record is gladly made, also, of Captain George W. Pettit,
who was one of the primmest, bravest, little soldiers that
ever buckled sword. He was born at Hoosick, Rensselaer
County, New York, January 31st, 1844. He moved to Troy
in 1861, and entered the servive of his country August 13th,
1862. He enlisted as a private in G Company, and was
appointed corporal May 15, 1863; he was promoted to
orderly-sergeant February 18th, 1864 ; and was commissioned
second lieutenant September 20th, 1864, receiving promotion
to first lieutenant November 28th, of that year. He acted as
adjutant of the regiment for a time when this was on duty
in front of Petersburg. His final promotion was to captain
of H Company, his last commission dating March ist, 1865.
In this position he completed his term of service. He took
part with the regiment in the engagements at Harper's
Ferry, Gettysburg, Auburn, Bristoe, Robertson's Tavern,
Mine Run, Morton's Ford, Petersburg, Jerusalem Plank
Road, Deep Bottom, Strawberry Plains, Ream's Station, and
in the closing battles of the war. The record made of
Captain Pettit's valor and good service, as of the valor and
good conduct of other officers and enlisted men, is not an

270 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

afterthought, penned only in view of this history ; but
distinct record was made of the courage displayed, and the
ability and fidelity manifested, while yet these were matters
of observation. From that war record even more largely
than from memory, are drawn the lines now traced in their
honor.

CAPTAIN GEORGE W. PETTIT.

Lieutenant Edward L. Shaw was born in Troy, New York,
February 20th, 1847. He was one °f the youngest men in
the regiment. He came to this in January, 1864, having en
listed during the previous month. He was promoted quar
termaster's sergeant ; and ere the war closed was commis
sioned first lieutenant.
Lieutenant David H. Brainerd occupied an honorable
place in the regards of his comrades, with whom he long

LIEUTENANT WHITE. 27 1
served in the ranks ; and who cheerfully followed the lead of
one in whom they had learned to place full confidence as a
careful, true, and brave man.
Lieutenant David E. White was born in the town of Nas
sau, Rensselaer County, New York, January 23, 1828. Af
ter learning a trade he went to California in 1850, and worked
in a gold mine until 1853. He then went to Australia and
worked there in the gold mines until 1857, when he returned
home via London, England. He reached home July 3d,
1857, and was married July 26th of the same year. He en-

LIEUTENANT EDWARD L. SHAW.

listed in E Company of our regiment, and was made second
sergeant. At Centreville, Virginia, in May 1863, he was pro
moted to be commissary sergeant. On April 22d, 1864, he
received a commission as second lieutenant, and was assigned
to H Company. He had command of this company during
the charge of June 16th, and was promoted to first lieuten
ant on July 20th, 1864. On the 13th of August he was de
tailed as quartermaster of the regiment, in which position —
as in all the positions he had previously filled — he served

272 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOL.

faithfully. He continued in the position of quartermaster
until the close of the war. He was in the battles of Harper's
Ferry, Gettysburg, Auburn, Bristoe, Mitchell's Ford, Locust
Grove, Mine Run, Morton's Ford, Wilderness, Po River,
Spottsylvania, May 12th and 18th, Totopotomoy, and Pe
tersburg, June 16th, 21st and 22d. Lieutenant White bears
grateful memory that in the log chapel at Stevensburg, Vir
ginia, he enlisted for life under the banner of the Cross.
Lieutenant Charles E. Sweet was born in Petersburg,

LIEUTENANT DAVID H. BRAINERD.
Renselaer County, New York, June nth, 1842. He there
resided on a farm until twenty years of age. He enlisted as
a private in A Company August 12th, 1862, and was made
a corporal before leaving Troy. He was with the regiment
at Harper's Ferry, and, at Gettysburg, he saw Colonel Wil
lard when the latter fell dead from his horse. He aided Cap
tain Sheldon from the field when this officer was wounded
on the skirmish-line in the same battle on the third of July.
He was soon promoted to be sergeant and was on duty at
Morton's Ford. In that memorable charge on the 12th of

LIEUTENANT DAVID B. WHITE.

273

May at Spottsylvania, he was in the first line. He. helped to
tear away the abatis before the enemy's line and was one of
the first to mount their works. While on the works he was
struck with a minie ball in the leg. He was taken prisoner
in the afternoon ; but, not being able to walk, was left on
the field. This remaining in our possession at the close of
the battle, he was, later, picked up by the Union ambulance

LIEUTENANT DAVID B. WHITE.

corps, and was sent to Washington, afterwards being trans
ferred to hospital at Fort Schuyler, New York. Recovering
from his wound, he rejoined the regiment in front of Peters
burg. At this time he received a first lieutenant's commis
sion. In the last campaign of the war, next to be narrated,
he captured a sword, for which he, with others who had cap
tured side-arms, was summoned before the brigade-general
and complimented for his valor.

274 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
James L. Smith was another of the brave men who was
honored ere the war closed with a lieutenant's commission.
He was twice wounded — once at Auburn, and the second
time in the last campaign of the war. The writer remembers
the noble conduct of this officer on battlefield, and inscribes
an honest word of testimony in his favor. That his face does
not appear on these pages is a matter of regret.
The last adjutant was Lieutenant James H. Hatch, who

LIEUTENANT CHARLES E. SWEET.

was, for his service, justly entitled to the promotion which
came to him.
It may be thought that undue prominence is given in this
history to the commissioned officers. But a second thought
will dispel any such conclusion. For it will be noticed, that
most of the officers who served with us in the battles of the
war were really enlisted men promoted. To record their
service is to give the history of men who joined the regiment
with scarcely an expectation of future advancement. Had
the war longer continued, other names would doubtless have

ADJUTANT HATCH.

275

come to the front, for there were others — not a few — capable
of wielding an officer's sword. The success of the officers
and of the enlisted men was mutual, and the honor of one is
the honor of the other. Had it been possible to pen the full
record of every man who at any time served well in the One
Hundred and Twenty-fifth, that record would freely and
gladly have been here made, and place would willingly have
been given to an engraving of each man's face. As one
who mingled daily with the men, and who heard them speak
freely of one another and of their officers, he places on record

ADJUTANT JAMES H. HATCH
the fact that he never heard an enlisted man called by his
comrades or spoken of by these as a coward. There may have
been a few who managed to get to the rear before battles
began, but they were the great exceptions. If many of the
men, under mistaken judgment of their rights, left the regi
ment at Chicago, this history in its closest reading will fail to
disclose desertions to the enemy. And, of the many officers
who served the regiment in all of its history, only one or two
failed to endure the test of severest battles. One who called
himself a coward was alone in this judgment of himself.
Those who knew him best never believed that his self-
accusation was true. One of our brave men twice wounded,

276 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

once at Spottsylvania and the second time at Hatcher's Run,
was William Keleher, of C Company.
Between the engagements of 1864 and the last campaign,
came an exciting experience on the 25th of March, 1865.
We were aroused early in the morning, and brought into
line. Word reached us of Lee's desperate attempt at Fort
Steadman, and of what might be expected of us. We were
marched beyond the earthworks between the two lines, and
invited, assault. The Irish Brigade was placed at the front.
The One Hundred and Twenty-fifth was moved for a time
to and fro in rear of the front line, and was then placed in

WILLIAM KELEHER.
support of a battery. As this opened fire, a reply speedily
came. One solid shot struck on the extreme left of our line,
instantly killing one man — whose head was nearly carried
away. Another man was mortally wounded, his back being
broken. The chief casualties of that March day were in the
Irish Brigade. Right nobly did they fight, standing up to
the work without any shelter, and fighting unflinchingly.
The time was at hand for the last decisive blows to be
struck by the Army of the Potomac. That rebel assault at
Fort Steadman, intended to accomplish much, did not has
ten by one day, nor retard by one day, General Grant's plans.

CHAPTER XVIII.
THE LAST CAMPAIGN.
TT 7E come now to the closing scenes of the war, and of
* * this regimental history, which began not at the be
ginning of this great struggle, but ends with its triumph.
Marching orders came to us on the afternoon of the 28th
of March, 1865. We broke camp on the morning of the
29th, and marched to the left, crossing Hatcher's Run and
taking up position a few miles beyond. About the middle
of the afternoon, we passed over our earthworks in line of
battle, and moved several miles through the woods, with
every expectation of making a charge. At night a line was
established with considerable difficulty, the men being moved
hither and thither, backwards and forwards, for a long time.
When the line was formed, rude breastworks of logs were
thrown up, and the men laid down to rest as best they could
in the severe storm that set in after dark and prevailed
during the night, the next day, and a part of the morning of
the 31st. We moved, forward again in line of battle early on
the morning of the 30th, through the woods which were ren
dered almost impassable by thick underbrush and numerous
swamps — if anything, surpassing in denseness and difficul
ties the woods of the Wilderness and in the vicinity of Spott
sylvania. Extreme carefulness characterized all of our move
ments on the first days of this campaign, the lines being fre
quently halted and dressed, and breastworks being thrown
up every few hundred yards. Such moving was slow, but it
rendered the men cool, kept them in readiness for action,
and inspired them with confidence in their officers, who, in

278 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

various ways, gained the special respect and goodwill of the
men. Our line officers and enlisted men never entertained
better opinions of our general officers than they did at that
time, all of these seeming to work together carefully, har
moniously and earnestly — if with some lawful reference to
their own honor, yet for the good of our common cause, and
a speedy close of the war. Some sharp fighting was done a
short distance to our left, during the afternoon of the 30th.
Early on the morning of the 31st, we were moved a short
distance, relieving troops that connected with us directly
to the left. About half-past ten o'clock, the storm already
mentioned ceased, and almost immediately after this, severe

LINE OF REBEL RETREAT.

fighting commenced to our left and in front of us. We were
soon moved over our works in line of battle, to join in the
fight. The Fifth Corps had broken, and just before the or
der to advance was given we saw the men of that corps fall
back through the woods in our front.
Our brigade had not been severely tested that Spring.
A week before it was under fire, but not a severe one ; and
a good many were now anxious as to how it would con
duct itself when the severest test should be applied. But lit
tle fear was entertained of the old soldiers, but the major
ity of our brigade, being recruits, we were fearful of these.
But every fear was removed by the truly noble conduct of —
we may say — all of our men. We fought almost on equal

hatcher's run. 279
grounds, although we were the aggressive party. The rebels
occupied the woods and some open ground, when we charged
upon them, and between us lay a deep ravine. But when
the command was given to move forward, there was no
flinching; our men pressed the enemy and drove them, cap
turing a number of prisoners and a stand of colors. Not
content with taking a good position they still pressed for
ward, our regiment and others moving and fighting nobly
over the open field. Our right was then drawn back a short
distance to secure our flank, and we then drove the rebels to
the left, still bringing in prisoners. Our regiment never
fought better. We withhold no honor from all of our en
listed men when we say that their good conduct was much
owing to the noble bearing of all of our commissioned offi
cers. We need mention none in particular, as all — Lieuten
ant-Colonel Joseph Hyde, and each line officer — led and di
rected their men with constant bravery. We might mention
the names of a number of our enlisted men who distinguished
themselves, but we can only speak of our color-sergeant,
Charles W. Belknap, who received the admiration of all our
officers and of the entire regiment for his truly brave and
noble conduct, holding up his colors without wavering during
the hottest of the fight, at times more exposed than the rest,
and pressing forward in advance of the regiment on the
charge. But where he and all of our officers led, the entire
regiment followed, and all deserve notice for their soldierly
conduct. At five minutes of nine o'clock, on the morning of the 2d
inst., we entered the rebel earthworks, which had been evac
uated only a short time before. They gave us a parting
salute, in the form of a solid shot, which they sent into the
woods near where we were. Our men were very jubilant
over their bloodless triumph, and gave vent to their feelings
in frequent cheers. The rebels evidently left in somewhat
of a hurry, as some wall-tents remained standing, and in the
deserted barracks were a large number of their wounded ;
also some who had secreted themselves for the purpose of

28o ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

surrendering to our men. We partly hoped that they had
left altogether, yet the suspicion grew upon us that our pro
gress would be disputed by at least a rear-guard, and we even
entertained fears that they would seek to entrap us. The
skirmish-firing that soon commenced showed that our sus
picions had some grounds, and before the day closed they
were fully confirmed. As firing from musketry and artillery
increased in our front, we were formed in line of battle and

CHARGE AT SUTHERLAND STATION.

were moved forward for the purpose of capturing the bat
tery confronting us. Our men were already greatly ex
hausted by the hard work of the past few days — marching,
working and fighting day and night with but little rest — so
that when we came in sight of the rebel position, unexpect
edly saw before us a line of works, and charged, our men
gave out, and became so scattered, through their exhaustion
and the swamps and tangled underbrush through which a
part of the line had to pass, as to be unable to accomplish

SUTHERLAND STATION. 28 1
the desired object. When we came to the point where the
final move was to be made on their works, our line resembled
a line broken by the fire of the enemy, rather than a line
about to charge against their works. It was deemed best to
be content with fighting them from where we were — at some
points partly under cover of a knoll — which was done for
several hours, when the men gave way to the right and left
and the centre fell back. It was during this charge that a
Dutch soldier was collared and severely shaken for a careless
shot which mortally wounded one of our own men.
A rude line of works was then thrown up. Shortly after
wards we were ordered to charge again upon the rebels. The
men did as well as they could have done, in the emergency
but all were impressed with the uselessness of the charge.
Had the men moved farther than they did, there would
have been a fearful, a fruitless, and a useless sacrifice of life.
As it was, we gave many noble lives, and a number of good
men who were wounded, to secure that which, a few hours
later, was gained without the loss of a man. About three
o'clock, some artillery was brought to bear upon the left
flank of the enemy, and a brigade of our troops was also sent
to the left of their position, when our hearts were gladdened
at the word, " Forward." As soon as the rebels were seen
to rise behind their works our brigade was again formed
in line, passed over our works, moved over the ground on
which we had lately fought, and gained the enemy's works,
capturing a battle flag, two pieces of artillery and 600 pris
oners, the remainder of the rebels making their escape. The
works were rude affairs, indeed, but in such good position as
to challenge a front assault from ten times the number hold
ing them, much more from a single brigade of tired and
worn-out troops. We saw at the time and are sure now that
that position might have been taken at the first charge if a
flanking force had been sent out. The writer was audacious
enough to offer to lead such a move. Taking these works
brought us within sight of the Southside Railroad — a long
coveted prize.

282 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Brigadier-General Madill, commanding our brigade, was
severely wounded in the first charge we made, and, we heard,
afterwards died. All sincerely regretted this, for, although
he had been in command of us but a short time, he had won
the admiration and love of the men, not only by his marked
abilities, but by his unusual calmness and cheerfulness in ac
tion, and his unassuming and kind disposition.
Captain John Quay, universally beloved, was instantly
killed at the second charge. The opinion was general, that
he was shot by one of our own men, as his coat seemed to
have been burned with powder where the ball entered his
body. We are sorry to entertain such an opinion, but it had
some basis, not only in the appearance of his coat, but in the
lamentable fact that in the excitement of both these charges,
some of the men of a regiment in our brigade fired wildly,
without regard to our own men, just before them, and we
saw several who either came near being or were actually
shot by them. We would gladly remove the opinion if we
could, but the only thing we can offer is, that we were only
a few feet behind him when he was killed, saw him when he
was shot, and went immediately to him , nor do we recollect
that there were any in the rear of him who could have shot
him. When the fight was over and our men fell back, we
bore his body from the field and it was carefully buried. He
was indeed a noble soldier and a true man ; as brave as the
bravest — never flinching in the hour of danger — sometimes
standing up while others were lying down. He went from
us some ten months before his death, severely wounded, and
conscientiously resigned, because unable at the time to ren
der service ; and that he was so soon sacrificed after his
return to us, rendered his death doubly sad. He was the
last, as Colonel Willard was the first, of our officers who met
death on the battlefield.
He was born in the North of Ireland and came to this coun
try when he was six months old. He had a common school
-education, and when he was old enough he went to work in a
foundry, where he learned the trade of a moulder. He was

CAPTAIN QUAY. 283
working at his trade when the war broke out, whereupon he
enlisted. His father and two brothers were also in the ser
vice, his father in the 91st New York ; his brother Levi, in
the 2d ; and his brother William was color-bearer in the 5th,
(Duryea's Zouaves).
During the second charge, about the time of Captain
Quay's death, the writer received the only wound he sus
tained during all the service.
We took up the line of march on the morning of the 3d,
following the retreating rebels. Along the road were scat-

CAPTAIN JOHN QUAY.
tered numerous evidences of their hasty retreat, in the way
of destroyed ammunition, burned and destroyed ambulan
ces, caissons and army wagons, which they were unable to
get away on account of the bad condition of portions of the
road. These, with any quantity of headquarter-records, were
strewn for miles along the line of our march, the sight of
which greatly cheered and encouraged our men. The report
of the capture of Petersburg reached us on the morning of
the 2d, after entering the rebel works, and, more reliably,
on the morning of the 3d. It was a most joyous word.
On the 4th we moved forward again. Our brigade was

284 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
sent back a few miles to repair the roads with rails, etc. On
the 5th we marched all day with but little rest. Reports
of the surrender of Johnston to Sherman reached us, caus
ing great joy and high hopes in the hearts of our men.
This surrender was not consummated until the last of April.
Word also came to us that Sheridan, who was leading the
troops, seeking to head off the rebels, was confident of cap
turing General Lee's army. The brigade reached the posi
tion occupied by our troops after dark. Works had been
thrown up already. Some six hundred prisoners were cap
tured at this point. Our line extended across the railroad.
The bands were brought to the front ; and as we were now
lying across the path of the rebels, the air was made musical
with Hail Columbia and kindred National airs. It was a
saucy act, but it was inspiriting to the Union troops.
On the morning of the 6th we moved out to meet the
enemy, who were reported near, and came in sight of them
and their train about nine o'clock. We opened fire with
artillery and pressed forward with infantry. The enemy
showed fight. Our men moved forward in good style, fol
lowing them up the strongest natural positions. Some of
these sights were very grand and the natural scenery was
magnificent. We came under fire about 12 o'clock M., and
were kept moving in line through the woods, being much
wearied by it, our brigade supporting the line of our division
until late in the afternoon, when it was moved forward on
the front line and charged, under fire, upon a train of wag
ons lying in a ravine at Sailor's Creek. We passed a thin
line of our men lying behind a rail fence, a few hundred yards
in rear of the train, and captured the train with two pieces
of artillery. The rebels poured an artillery fire into us, and,
from the lay of the ground, we naturally expected severe
fighting, but the appearance of the artillery just captured
was proof that they had left in a hurry. We pressed forward
to charge upon the battery confronting us, which was hastily
withdrawn. The captured wagons belonged to some head
quarters, and contained an abundance of good edibles, cloth-

APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE. 285
ing, etc., to which our men helped themselves freely, alto
gether too freely to the " applejack " found among the spoils.
We moved forward on the morning of the 7th, crossing
the Appomattox at High Bridge. The rebels were in sight
on the opposite side of the river when we reached the bridge,
but were soon driven away. There were some good works
on both sides of the river at this point, but they were aban
doned, with some ten or fifteen pieces of artillery. About
12 o'clock we came under the fire of the rebels at Farmville.
The fire was quite brisk, one or two shots taking severe
effect in our brigade. Our regiment did no fighting, but was
under fire all the afternoon. The First Brigade made a
charge about four o'clock, and was repulsed with severe loss '
in killed, wounded and prisoners.
Our regiment was on the skirmish-line all day of the 8th,
and picked up a large number of rebel stragglers. During
the day General Seth Williams brought to the line a letter
from General Grant to General Lee, and later in the day a
reply came. The writer remembers the magnificent horse
which the bearer of the rebel letter rode.
On the morning of the 9th, our regiment took up the line
of march cheerfully, marching until about noon, when we
halted beside the road and our banners were unfurled. Here
we rested several hours, when signs.of something unusual be
gan to appear. We could scarcely believe the rumors that
came to us of the surrender by General Lee of the rebel
army ; but about four o'clock, the glad news was given that
it was really true. General Meade, near whose headquarters
we were, announced it to his staff officers, and their cheers
were taken up by the men near by. Soon General Meade
himself rode along the line, with head uncovered, and such
cheers as went up to the skies we never heard before, lasting
over an hour without any interruption. Thus, with cheers
and waving banners, and also with booming cannon and
playing bands, was greeted this greatest triumph of the war.
It was a glad day to our army, and the 9th of April, 1865,
will always be remembered by our men, and will forever

286 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
be an historic day in the annals of our country's and the
world's history. The writer has seen the authentic state
ment that General Grant ordered that there should be no
demonstrations of joy ; but, if the orders were delivered, they
came too late to prevent the spontaneous expression of glad
ness just described.
The part assigned to our corps in the operations just
narrated, appeared to be to follow up the retreating rebels,
while other troops operated on their flank and sought to head
them off. It did its part nobly — captured 5,000 prisoners,

a.vii.
'teSv-IQnrV*---

-^-rt-prt.3 -=¦-

MCLEAN HOUSE — PLACE OF LEE S SURRENDER.
35 pieces of artillery and 400 wagons. It allowed the
rebels no rest, assaulting them daily and always annoying
them. Our division was always at the front and was repeat
edly engaged. It was on the advance, our brigade being
the second in the column, when General Lee surrendered.
Our regiment did its full share of work and bore its full por
tion of suffering.
The writer ventures to repeat here words penned by
himself April 14th ,1864, near Burke's Station, whither we
had marched after Lee's surrender :

THE VICTORY. 287
Our campaign in Virginia is ended. It has been short,
decisive and grand. In skillfulness of design, rapidity of
movement and grandeur of results, it is unequaled by any
previous campaign of the war, and has but few parallels in
history. The fighting has been far less severe than that of
other campaigns in which we have taken part, but the work
has been hard and the sacrifices trying. Some had pre
dicted that the campaign would be made up of rapid and
hard blows, but the results far exceed the expectation of the
most hopeful. All expected hard fighting from an enemy
that had hitherto fought as only-Americans can fight, but all
have been happily disappointed, and can rejoice in a compar
atively bloodless triumph. We can scarcely realize that it is
only a little over two weeks since we left camp in front of
Petersburg, so full of exciting events and interest have been
the past sixteen days. We have lived more in these few
days than in many ordinary ones: — hours passed under fire
and amid the earnest expectations and stern realities of the
battlefield, seem like days to the soldier. Everything has
worked in our favor. It is true that our army greatly out
numbered the rebel forces ; still, according to General Lee's
own statement, he left Petersburg with sixty thousand men,
and, with the unusually fine natural positions that have pre
sented themselves to him for defense, he might have made
terrible work for our army — and we were fearful that he
would ; but he has not only been outgeneraled and outnum
bered, but he has been unable to make his men stand. From
all accounts there never was a more completely demoralized
army than the once splendid "army of Northern Virginia,"
that we have met so often before on bloody fields. Officers
were utterly unable to control their men, who threw away
their muskets at pleasure, marched as they pleased, and de
serted by hundreds and thousands. Truly the prayer of
Christian people, that fear might be sent to the hearts and
confusion into the ranks of the enemjr, has been signally
answered. "The stars in their course fought for us" — the
very elements have worked for our good and to the disad-

288 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
vantage of our foe. The weather, at first stormy, became
very pleasant. The rain that would have impeded us was
withheld until General Lee surrendered ; shortly after which
it set in, and it has stormed several days and nights since,
rendering the roads almost impassable. This fact has been
remarked by many here. Thus the God of Battles, who,
since the commencement of the war, has directed us in this ;
who rules the hearts of the people ; who has at times de
feated the wisest plans of our best generals, in order that in
the end grander results might be realized ; who guides in the
confusion of battle ; — thus has He directed His own elements
in the natural world for our good and the overthrow of the
wrong. Word reaches us of the joy of the people at home
over the great triumphs lately achieved. If our friends at
home rejoice, how much more do the men rejoice who have
worked so hard, suffered so long and fought so stubbornly
for the capture of Richmond and Petersburg and the de
struction of the rebel army. Our friends rejoice chiefly at
the results in their bearing on the country, — we not only re
joice at these, but are glad that at length, in the merciful
providence of God, the hard work of the war is ending, its
sacrifices closing, and the terrible scenes of bloodshed and
death — with which we have become somewhat familiar, but
not enough wholly to seal up our sympathies — are about to
close. We honor our generals and brave soldiers who have
done so well towards securing this long-desired and prayed-
for object ; nor can we withhold the praise that is due
Almighty God, who has so signally led, blessed us, and given
us the victory. This is not the time nor the way to trace
the wonderful leadings of His Providence, but, as we may
not have occasion to write you again, we wish in a word now
to acknowledge God in our great triumphs.
On the day the lines just repeated were penned, was fired
by the hand of a cowardly assassin the fatal shot which took
from the South its best friend, and from the North its loved
idol ; for never did man gain stronger, warmer hold on the
Nation's heart than did Abraham Lincoln. At times not

ABRAHAM LINCOLN.

289

appreciated ; often misunderstood and misrepresented, the
pure gold running in great veins through his nature, came in
time to be fully seen. The land has never produced better
man or more unselfish patriot. It were impossible to de
scribe the mingled feeling of sorrow and indignation that
found expression in the army, when word came of the death
of our martyred President. As lying in tent at night, the
word was called out by Surgeon Cooper, " President Lincoln
has been assassinated," and, as the word was repeated, to
the writer's mind sprang the words of David : " Would God
I had died for thee." This record is made in the belief that
the sentiment expressed by these words had a place in every
true soldier's heart.

ilfc>^y^--rt3pt-lS
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.

CHAPTER XIX.
SURGEONS — GENERAL FACTS — CLOSING WORDS.
' I "HE surrender of General Lee's army meant virtually the
-*- end of the Rebellion ; the other rebel armies soon lay
ing down their arms. Only 28,356 were paroled at Appo
mattox; but in the campaign, 19,132 had been captured.
To these figures must be added the number of their killed,
wounded and missing, which losses General Lee declared to
have been " exceedingly heavy." A large army had been de
stroyed, and the end of the war had been reached. The
boast that one Southerner was equal to five Northeners
proved to be idle ; and it was seen that nine millions of peo
ple, when in the wrong, could be subdued. In no spirit of
harshness, nor of human vaunting is the record here repeated
of their defeat ; but the fact is traced with gratitude, in
view of the greater good resulting therefrom to the South —
both its Whites and Blacks — as to the entire North.
Before these records close a word is demanded on behalf
of the surgeons, and the name of Surgeon Cooper must here
have place. The men of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth
had reason to be grateful for the one who served as surgeon
of the regiment from the beginning to the close of its history.
The carefulness, kindness and skill of Surgeon Wm. S. Cooper
uniformly impressed the writer, who, making his way to field
hospital after each battle, had abundant opportunity to
observe those whose duty it was to care for the wounded.
Great pains was always taken to spare men, so far as possible,
the loss of limbs. The writer has known Surgeon Cooper to

SURGEON COOPER.

291

save to a man one finger of a shattered hand, holding that
the one finger— the " little " finger— might be of some ser
vice. It is possible that the amputating knife was at times
applied when, amid circumstances more favorable, long and
close care might have rendered the loss of leg or arm
unnecessary. But, at the front, with armies moving, ampu
tation was sometimes the more merciful act. Still, this
record is here made, that of the many men who passed under
the surgeons' hands, the writer never saw a needless case of

SURGEON WILLIAM S. COOPER.

the use of the knife. He did have occasion at times to
persuade men, who plead with him to see to it that arm or
leg should not be cut off, that the decision with them was,
" limb or life."
Surgeon William S. Cooper was born July nth, 1819, in
Stane, a village adjacent to Shott's Iron Works, Lanarkshire,
Scotland. He studied medicine in the city of Glasgow from
1836 to 1840. He then went to sea as surgeon of a whaling
vessel. During the voyage in the Arctic regions he had a

292 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
narrow escape from a bear. Of a calm day, a bear and her
cub were seen at a short distance from the ship. A boat was
manned and gave chase. Dr. Cooper stood upon the prow of
the boat with a rifle in hand. The bear was making for the
ice, crossing which she, would be safe, as the boat could not
round the promontory of ice until she should be far out of
the reach of danger. The bear, seeing the party closing
upon her, took her cub on her back, as the cub could not
swim fast enough. When within about fifteen feet of her,
the harpooner, who had a ball-gun, fired and missed her.
But the cub, frightened, dropped from the bear's back, upon
which she turned to defend her offspring. She made for the
boat and was in the act of climbing in to fling her arms in a
death-hug about Surgeon Cooper, when he raised his rifle
and, without particular aim, fired, killing the bear, over whose
dead body the boat glided. The cub was soon dispatched
by a whale lance. The ship in which Surgeon Cooper was
serving was wrecked amid the ice in a severe storm on the
3d of May, 1840, in about 75 degrees north latitude. After
three days he and his companions were picked up and taken
to Scotland. In the following year, undaunted by his former
perils, he shipped on a second vovage. July 26th, 1842, he
sailed for America, and was wrecked on Hempstead Beach,
Long Island, about the 3d of September. Rescued and
making his way to Albany, New York, he renewed his medi
cal studies at the Medical College in that city, choosing in
this way to take a double course. He was graduated at
Albany, and entered upon the practice of his profession at
the Troy Iron Works, where he continued for twenty years,
and until the War Committee of Rensselaer County waited
upon him and requested him to take the position of surgeon
in the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth. More fitting choice
could not well have been made. Dr. Cooper proved himself
not only skillful in his professional duties, but was regarded
as a gentleman of strong convictions, and a man of careful
culture. He returned with the regiment to Troy, where he
has up to the present followed successfully his profession.

ASSISTANT-SURGEON AKIN.

293

A man who could face the dangers which Surgeon Cooper
met in his earlier days, was qualified by valor, as he was by
undoubted ability, to serve even on battlefield. He was, at
the close of the war, very justly brevetted Colonel.
Each regiment was entitled to two assistant surgeons, who
were none too many in active service. The One Hundred
and Twenty-fifth had several such connected with it, as will
appear in the roster. But the one who started from home
and returned with the regiment, was Dr. Washington Akin.

ASSISTANT-SURGEON WASHINGTON AKIN.
Dr. Akin was born at Johnsville, Rensselaer County, New
York, on the 22d of August, 1835. He was graduated from
the Cambridge Academy in 1855. He then pursued a course
in medicine and surgery at the Albany Medical College, from
which he was graduated December 31st, 1858. He became
established in his profession in Troy, practicing here until his
connection with the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth at its
organization. From Gettysburg onward the writer noted in
Dr. Akin the qualifications of a good surgeon. He was quick

294 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. YOLS.
to decide and bold to act when the use of the knife was
demanded. He manifestly was a born surgeon. At Auburn
as related in connection with that battle, October 14th,
1863, he was at hand to dress the wound of the rebel Colonel
Griffin, who fell wounded into our hands. When General
Grant ordered that a certain number of the surgeons should
follow the lines of battle, Dr. Akin was one of the number
detailed, and thus was near to aid in saving the life of Cap
tain Churchill when wounded on the 21st of June, 1864. Dr.
Akin faithfully performed his duty, and has earned the suc
cess which has attended his practice in Trey since the close
of the war.
The hospital service provided by the General Government
was in keeping with the beneficent principles of a Christian
nation. The various agencies that found a field of benevo
lent work in general and field hospitals, combining with the
unremitting care of numerous surgeons, did much towards
securing the most gratifying result, that, while in general
hospitals alone, during the war, 1,057,423 cases were treated,
only eight per cent of deaths is recorded.
The story has gone forth and shall forever be perpetuated
of the beneficent service of the Sanitary and Christian
Commissions. Our first practical knowledge of these organi
zations was acquired at Gettysburg. Their service was
chiefly at the hospitals in the rear of our lines. Chaplains
did not meet the agents of these societies on the battlefield
or at the extreme front, but, occasionally in visiting men of
the regiments, wounded or sick, they learned of the good
work doing by the agents of both the Christian and Sanitary
Commissions. The extent of the good done finds some ex
pression in the amount of money and goods given and used
for the relief of the soldiers. Only a very few times did even
the Sanitary Commission extend its benefactions to the able-
bodied men. The chief labor was given where most needed.
One of the times when its offices were keenly welcomed was
after the Army of the Potomac had reached Petersburg at
the close of the Wilderness Campaign. The work of the

SUMMARY OF EVENTS. 295
Sanitary Commission was more general; the work of the
Christian Commission was more personal. The former of
these organizations was the channel through which fifteen
million dollars worth of supplies was sent to the army, and
five million dollars were given to be expended for the sol
diers. The Christian Commission expended in various ways
six million of dollars. The soil in which was rooted all this
vast beneficence was kept soft and fruitful by the warm
tears of afflicted kindred and friends whose eyes turned
tearfully towards the scene of war. The soil was formed of
the hearts of mothers and wives and sisters and other kin
dred. The hands which ministered the beneficence were in
part the gentle hands of women who braved the dangers and
exposure of life near the front, and some of whom gave their
lives in sacrifice in their holy ministries.
But all that was done in these kindly ways could not
wholly do away with the sad disfigurements of the war, nor
remove wholly the suffering. At best the bullet remained
cruel. The work of bullet and shell and cannon-ball and
shrapnel made its mark on all parts of the body. Men were
wounded in every part, from head to foot, from cap to
boots. The writer questioned one — not an enlisted man,
but an officer, who after battle was walking with one boot in
hand, as to the place of his wound, and learned that it
was in the heel of his boot. But, sadly were many men dis
figured in limb and face. Hands gone, arms gone, legs gone,
ears shot away, eyes shot out, all parts crushed and marred ;
thus the catalogue goes on, to the fatal blows that struck
away heads and pierced heart and vitals. The tender mer
cies of battle were cruel.
The great salient points of the war can speedily be told,
and its chief battles could be almost as quickly recounted.
President Lincoln first called 75,000 troops, April 15, 1861.
The first soldier killed in the war of 1861 was Daniel
Hough, private, Battery E, First U. S. Artillery, and three
other artillerists wounded by the premature explosion of a
gun, April 15, 1861, at Fort Sumter, South Carolina.

296 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
The Confederate Government called for 32,000 men, April
16, 1861.
Colonel Ellsworth was shot at Alexandria, Virginia, May
24, 1 861.
President Lincoln called for 500,000 volunteers July 10,
1861. The first iron-clad naval engagement between the Monitor
and Merrimac, March 8, 1862.
General R. E. Lee, made Commander-in-chief of the rebel
forces by Jefferson Davis, January 31, 1865.
Evacuation of Richmond, April 3, 1865.
President Lincoln held a levee in Jefferson Davis's house,
April 4, 1865.
Lee surrendered, April 9, 1865 ; 26,000 Confederates miss
ing. President Lincoln was shot in Ford's theatre by J. Wilkes
Booth, April 14, 1865.
President Lincoln died at 7:20 A. M., April 15, 1865.
Mosby surrendered at Berryville, Virginia, April 17, 1865;
700 Confederates missing.
General J. E. Johnson surrendered with 27,600 men, April
26, 1865.
Taylor surrendered May 4, 1865; 10,600 Confederates
missing. President Johnson issued a peace proclamation declaring
the war at an end, May 9, 1865.
Sam. Jones surrendered at Tallahassee, Florida, May 10,
1865; 8,000 Confederates missing.
Jefferson Davis captured at Irwinville, Georgia, by the
First Wisconsin and Fourth Michigan Cavalry, May 10,
1865. Jeff. Thompson surrendered at Chalk Bluff, Arkansas, May
11, 1865 ; 7,454 Confederates missing.
Kirby Smith surrendered May 26, 1865 ; 20,000 Confed
erates missing.
But, between the beginning and ending there was a mul
titude of incidents variously classed, and many of them

SUMMARY OF EVENTS. 297
attended with fatality. There were, all told, 2,261 different
battles and engagements, according to the computation of
one writer. From a list of events on file in the adjutant-
general's office the writer gathers the following classifications
and figures: Seizures 48, occupations 37, transfers 2, aban
donments 21, destructions 14, riots 3, captures 70, advances
5, surrenders 10, attacks 4, bombardments 10, evacuations
14, burnings 4, withdrawals 4, pursuits 3, demonstrations 2,
raids 23, scouts 345, expeditions 1,035, operations 294,
reconnoisances 325, actions 325, engagements 168, skirmishes
1,056, and battles 65. Actions, engagements, and battles-
should be classed together as battles. The classification
"battles " stands for the chief, general battles.
Altogether, these many "events" rolled up the long list •
of killed and wounded in all the States and places touched
by the bloody hand of war.
According to the latest revised reports, from first to last
the number of Union soldiers was 2,778,304. Of the number,
178,895 were colored troops. The total number of commis
sioned officers — white, was 83,935. Of the large number
about 1,500,000 were actually employed. Of the entire
number 75 per cent were native Americans, 7 per cent were
Irish and 9 per cent were Germans. The remainder were
English, British Americans or other foreigners.
The losses during the war have been carefully estimated
and present figures of sad interest.
Under the direction of Adjutant-General Drum, Mr. J. W.
Kirkley, an experienced statistician, aided by ten clerks,
was engaged during 1884-85 in making up the record of
the number of deaths that occurred in the Union army.
The report, as completed, is declared to be as near perfection
as possible. All attainable official documents have been
used in the work ; there is lacking, however, the death
records of the Confederate prisons at Americus, Atlanta,
Augusta, Charleston, Lynchburg, Macon, Marietta, Mobile,
Montgomery, Savannah, Shreveport and Tyler, and only
partial records were had from the prisons of Cahawba,,

298 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Columbia, Florence, S. C, Millen and Salisbury. The gen
eral results, as ascertained, are as follows :
Officers. Men. Aggregate.
Killed or died of wounds . . 6,365 103,673 110,038
Died of disease • 2,795 221,791 224,586
Drowned . ... 106 4,838 4,944
Other accidental deaths ... 142 3,972 4,114
Murdered ..... 37 4-7 524
Killed after capture ... 14 86 100
Committed suicide . . . 26 365 391
Executed . — 267 267
Executed by enemy .... 4 60 64
Died from sunstroke . . 5 3°8 313
Other known causes . . 62 1,972 2,034
Causes not stated 28 12,093 12,121

Totals . . . . .9,584 349, 912 359.496
New York's losses numbered 46,534; Pennsylvania's,
33,183 ; Ohio's, 35,475 ; Illinois's, 34,834; Indiana's, 26,672 ;
Massachusett's, 13,941; Michigan's, 14,753; Iowa's, 13,001;
Wisconsin's, 12,301; Kentucky's, 10,774; Maine's, 9,398;
Tennessee's, 6,777 . New Jersey's, 5,754; Connecticut's, 5,354;
Vermont's, 5,224; New Hampshire's, 4,850; West Virginia's,
4,019; Kansas's, 2,630; Maryland's, 2,982 ; Minnesota's, 2,584;
other States, smaller numbers. The losses of colored troops
numbered 36,847; and of the regular army, 5,798. To the
formidable aggregate of nearly 360,000 deaths in the Union
army, there needs to be added a like record of the Confed.
erate dead, in order to know the actual number of the victims
of the civil war. The Confederate loss is placed at 300,000.
The naval record is also wanting. The numbers of crippled
and invalided by wounds and of victims of lingering disease
contracted in the service, would greatly increase the grand
total of the war's casualties.
It is also stated that the number discharged for disability
was 285,545.
The largest number of discharges among the white troops
were for the following diseases : Consumption, 20,403 ;
.diarrhoea and dysentery, 17,389; debility, 14,500; rheumatism,

THE RAVAGES OF THE WAR. 299
1 1,779 . heart diseases, 16,636. More soldiers died from camp
diarrhoea and dysentery than from any other disease.
The nation's dead are buried in seventy-nine national cem
eteries, twelve of which are in the Northern States, including
Cypress Hills, with its 3,786 dead ; Finn's Point, N. Y., where
are buried 2,644 unknown soldiers ; Gettysburg, Penn., with
1,967 known and 1,608 unknown; Mound City, 111., with
2,505 known and 2,721 unknown; Philadelphia with 1,909
dead, and Woodland, Elmira, N. Y., with its 390. The
largest depositories are situated in the South near the scenes
of the principal conflicts, as the following list will show :
Beaufort, S. C, 9,241, of whom 4,493 are unknown; Chal-
mette, La., 12,5 1 1, of whom 5,674 are unknown ; Chattanooga,
Tenn., 12,962, of whom 4,963 are unknown; Fredericksburg,
Va., 15,257, of whom 12,770 are unknown ; Jefferson Barracks,
Mo., 11,490, of whom 2,906 are unknown ; Little Rock, Ark.,
5,602, of whom 2,337 are unknown ; City Point, Va., 6,122, of
whom 1,347 are unknown; Marietta, Ga., 10,151, of whom
2,963 are unknown; Memphis, Tenn., 13,997, of whom 8,817
are unknown; Nashville, Tenn., 26,524, of whom 4,701 are
unknown; Poplar Grove, Va., 6,199, °- whom 4,001 are un
known ; Richmond, Va., 6,542, of whom 5,700 are unknown;
Salisbury, N. C, 12,126, of whom 12,032 are unknown ; Stone
River, Tenn., 5,602, of whom 288 are unknown; Vicksburg,
Miss., 16,600, of whom 12,704 are unknown; Antietam, Md.,
4,671, of whom 1,818 are unknown; Winchester, Va., 4,556,
of whom 2,356 are unknown.
From the foregoing may be gathered the fact that 300,000
heroes who fought for the old flag have found graves in our
National cemeteries. Those who perished in Andersonville
and Salisbury repose in cemeteries bearing the same names
as those prisons; the former cemetery containing 13,714
graves and the latter 12,126, the occupants of 12,032 of which
are unknown.
Of the total number who perished, 145,000 rest in graves
marked unknown. In all, 275,000 found their last resting
place in the soil of the Southern States.

3OO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
The most recent and careful estimate of the losses of the
One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, made at the Adjutant-
General's office in Albany, New York, gives the figures :
Officers. Enlisted Men.
Killed . . ... 7 71
Died of wounds . . 8 35
Died of disease ... I 101
Accidentally killed , — 4
Suicide .... — 1
Died of other known causes . . — 2
Died of causes unknown .... — 7
Totals .... 16 221  237
Of the number, two officers died of wounds in rebel pris
ons, and one from disease. Of the enlisted men who died
of wounds, five were at the time of death in rebel prisons,
while fifty-six died there through disease.
It was not all stern strife at the front. Laughter and song
had their place, and sports and practical jokes did somewhat
to relieve the stern circumstance of war. Chapters might be
written on the pleasant sides of army life, and the memories
of making and breaking camp linger in the minds of soldiers.
A rich harvest in the form of overcoats, blankets, and all
sorts of traps, with not a little food discarded from haver
sacks and knapsacks overladen with eight days rations, was
gathered more than once by Virginia farmers along Virginia
roads after such a break up of camp life as our long encamp
ment at Stevensburg, Virginia.
No particular mention has been made in these pages of
the naval exploits of the war — along the Atlantic coast, at
Mobile Bay, at New Orleans, and at other places, on the Mis
sissippi and on the high seas. But they can be placed with
honor beside the greatest naval exploits of all history, and
they exalt at once the names of Foote, Porter, Farragut, and
of others rendering most valuable service, and the honor of
the American Republic. The blockade of our long Southern
coast was a marvel of success, and distinct naval battles
rank with the bravest and most brilliant, and, to the Union

AT HOME.

301

guns, the most successful in all naval annals. The army and
the navy bore equally honorable part in the great struggle.
The cost of the war in money was by no means inconsid
erable. The debt of the United States on June 30th, i860,
was, $64,769,703. On the 31st of March 1865, it was
$2,423,437,061. January ist, 1886, it was $2,749,491,745.
To the curious, some figures will have interest that were
taken from Secretary Stanton's report made after the close
¦of the war. According to that report, the United States,
during the war, provided 7,892 cannon, 11,787 artillery car
riages, 4,000,000 small arms, 2,225,000 accoutrements for
infantry and cavalry, 500,000 cavalry horses, 1,000,000,000
cartridges for small arms, 1,200,000,000 percussion caps,
3,000,000 rounds of field artillery ammunition, 14,000,000
cannon primes and fuses, 13,000,000 artillery projectiles,
26,000,000 pounds of gunpowder, and 96,000,000 pounds of
lead. But all these things — expenditures of money ; use of
implements ; quantity of clothing ; weight of metal, number
of cannonballs and bullets — all these combined are of less
moment than the outlay of life, and the suffering endured.
The One Hundred and Twenty-fifth marched from its po
sition at Appomattox to Burksville, Virginia, on the 13th of
April. It was at the latter place when the news of the as
sassination of President Lincoln was received. It remained
there through the mouth of April. Then our faces were
turned northward. The regiment marched via Richmond
and Fredericksburg to Arlington Heights, opposite Washing
ton. Here the muster-out papers of the men were prepared.
The regiment occupied its place in the line at the grand
review on the 22d and 23d of May, 1865.
On the 5th of June the regiment left Washington for home.
We arrived in Baltimore 12 M. of the 6th; at Philadelphia,
4 P M., June 6th ; at New York, 7 A M. of the 7th. The reg
iment reached Albany by special transport', June 8th. We
were greeted by a special committee, consisting of Aldermen
Charles Eddy, James R. Prentice and James Smart, from the

302 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Common Council. We marched that same day to Troy, and
were received by the Twenty-fourth Regiment N. Y. S. N. G,
and by the Firemen of the city. In the parade through the
city, the Third Vermont Battery— on its way home — partici
pated. On Cannon Place Square, the Hon. John A. Griswold
gave an address of welcome, to which fitting response was
made by Colonel Joseph Hyde. The Rev. George C. Bald
win, D. D., than whom no better friend of the soldier lived,
offered prayer. The regiment was entertained at Harmony
Hall ; and then returned to the camp-ground on the Albany
road. Here, on the 15th of June, final payment was made
to the men present, and the regiment was mustered out of
the service.
The writer now lays aside from this work a pen which has
wrought at least steadily during months past. He knows-
full well that he has told his story imperfectly. He would
gladly have given in full the record of every man who fought
and fell, or in any way served in the regiment. If he has
erred, it has been in saying too little, rather than too much.
The too much would have swelled this volume into propor
tions too great for the purpose in view — of a regimental his
tory set in a framework of the general facts of the war. If
any of the former comrades miss lines here that they would
have been glad to read, let them not think that the hand
willingly withheld the merited word. The task, begun in sol
dierly love for brave, true men, has been wrought to its close
with heart kindling at the memories of the exciting scenes
of other days. These pages, written amid an exceptional
pressure of imperative duties, are doubtless marred by im
perfections. But the earnest purpose has been to tell a true
story of service and perils.
In one sense the old scenes have faded into the back
ground ; in another sense, do they come more to the front as
the years progress. The war, in its experience to those ac
tually engaged, was a duty to be done, a stern work to be
wrought, with the sense of glory then greatly absent. Now,
it is a task completed, with its meaning transparent, with its

THE WAR A SUCCESS. 303,
glory manifest, with its grand end before us. Yet, the wri
ter cannot forbear the expression of wonder at human na
ture which delights rather in the records of war than in the
annals of peace. To every one who has moved repeatedly
over battlefields, in the height of the struggle, in the din of
the strife, unspeakably dreadful has it seemed that men
should take up arms against one another ; that great causes
have from time immemorial been decided by the capture of
lines of works and positions of strength ; by the capture and
destruction of men. Oft under circumstances of immediate
danger and in actual battle did the question arise : " Does it
pay?" And as the great principles behind and within the con
flict struggled to the front and made stronger impression
than the sense of peril and the dread incidents of battle, the
answer found earnest place : " Yes : There are some things
worth all this — blood and life itself." He who came to give
peace, came also, " not to send peace on the earth, but a
sword." He who conquered spiritual peace by his own cross
and sacrifice, oft traces the path of civil and social peace
over Calvarys of human suffering, and calls the better,
broader, grander life, in resurrection glory, out of the
sepulchres of our dead.
The Civil War in America, beyond doubt, ranks among
the greatest — in its duration, the number and fearfulness of
its battles — of all history. It was the bloody outflowering
of forces long at work in our country. Like the slow accre
tion of elements beneath the surface, manifesting themselves
in rumblings and increasing earthquake shocks, until at last
the pent up forces burst the crust and leap in volcanic fires
heavenward and pour destruction on fiery flood ; — so, through
generations matured those elements in our land that sprang
forth in tongues of flame — of flame that sought to destroy;
but whose tongues, as with Pentecostal force, proclaimed lib
erty to the slave, and heralded a better future for America,
and a grander civilization for the world. Be the lips palsied
that would apologize for the conflict for Liberty and the
Union. Let right hand "forget its cunning" that would

304 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
withhold merited praise from the brave and the true ; and
braver and truer served nowhere and in no armies, than did
the men who fought and suffered, who struggled and tri
umphed in the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth New York
Volunteers.

[With honest reluctance does the writer yield to the earn
estly yet kindly-urged request that the following words ap
pear in this book. Except for considerations of respect to
those who have signed the paper, he would even at the last
withhold it from these pages.]
We, the undersigned,' late commissioned officers of the
125th N. Y. Vol. Infantry, wishing to pay a tribute of re
spect to a worthy officer, respectfully represent :
That Ezra D. Simons enlisted in the One Hundred and
Twenty-fifthRegiment, N. Y. Vol. Infantry, in August, 1862,
as a private ; was immediately thereafter promoted to com
missary-sergeant, which position he held until the post of
Chaplain became vacant.
Lieutenant-Colonel Crandell, then in command of the regi
ment, having known Sergeant Simons intimately for seven
years and over, and knowing that he had prepared himself
for the ministry, and also knowing his peculiar fitness for
the position, recommended him to Governor Seymour for
the position of Chaplain. He was duly commissioned, com
mission bearing date March, 1863, with rank from March 2d,
1863. He obtained leave of absence to go to Troy and was
there duly ordained a Minister of the Gospel, after which he
reported to his commanding officer at Centreville, Va., and
immediately took upon himself the duties of Chaplain of his
regiment. He served the men faithfully as a Christian ; hold
ing meetings as often as circumstances would admit, and
soon won the respect of both officers and men. He was with
the regiment at Harper's Ferry, and at Gettysburg he fol
lowed closely in the charge of July 2d ; assisting and attend-

WORDS OF OFFICERS.

305

ing to the wounded of our regiment, and laboring incessantly
for them so long as they remained on the field. Letters
were written by some of the wounded to their friends at
home, commending the Chaplain for his untiring efforts to
administer to their wants. He was with his regiment at Au
burn Hill and Bristoe Station and was with the reconnoiter-
ing party that crossed Robertson River under command of
Captain George E. Lemon. He was at the side of Colonel
Crandell at Morton's Ford, wading the river and remaining
with the regiment throughout the engagement. He was in
the V/ilderness Campaign, and at the front at Po River,

REV. EZRA D. SIMONS.
Spottsylvania, North Anna, Totopotomoy and Cold Harbor.
On the 22d of June, 1864, he with others tried to rally the
broken line ; and later, at Ream's Station, did lead back a
force into the right of the works. He was at Deep Bottom
and Strawberry Plains in July and August, 1864; and led
the regiment at the side of Colonel Hyde in all the move
ments and charges of the last campaign of the war. He was
brevetted Colonel on the field for meritorious service ; but
the quickly occurring changes of an active campaign, and his
own reticence prevented a formal confirmation of the brevet.

306 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
He was on the skirmish-line on the 8th of April, 1865, when
flags of truce were passing the lines, and was at the extreme
front on the day of Lee's surrender, April 9th, 1865. He
was commissioned Adjutant July 13th, 1864, with rank from
June 26th, but, complying with the expressed desire of the
men, he retained his position as Chaplain. He loved the
men of the regiment and was in return dearly loved and re
spected by them. He was meek in spirit, brave in emergency,
always ready to do his duty regardless of consequences.
Owing to his extreme modesty in writing his own history,
we, the subscribers, knowing the foregoing to be facts, re
quest and insist that the same be published in the History
of the Regiment, now being prepared, with our names and
rank respectively affixed, in order to show our appreciation
of his excellent services, not only as Chaplain, but as Adju
tant, and our kindly feeling and affection for him ; and we
desire to hand the same down in history to future genera
tions, that others may emulate his high Christian character
and patriotism. NAME. RANK.
Levin Crandell, Colonel.
Wm. S. Cooper, Surgeon.
Washington Akin, Ass't Surgeon.
E. A. Hartshorn, Captain.
William D. Taylor, Captain.
Lee Churchill, Captain.
George W. Pettit, Captain.
Joseph Egolf, Captain.
William Halon, Captain.
Bennet G. Barto, Lieutenant.
William H. Evans, Lieutenant.
Henry M. Clum, Captain.
Robert E. Myer, 2d Lieutenant.
Donald Gillies, Jr., 2d Lieutenant.
Samuel C. Armstrong, Major.
George E. Lemon, Captain.

THE NATION'S DEAD.

BY CAPTAIN E. A. HARTSHORN.
Memorial day.
A willing tribute to the silent throng
When comrades living join in requiem song,
And strew the flowers where comrades dead have long
Been laid away.
Till memories fade,
Stern loyalty the grand old Union saves —
And on each sacred mound the old flag waves ;
Thank God, our dead, who sleep in Southern graves —
Rest 'neath its shade.
Brave comrades, rest,
No more the scorpion sting of minie ball,
And crack of solid shot — when thousands fall ;
No more the after-battle's dread roll-call —
Rest, ever blest.
Far from the fight :
No more to hear the shrill Confederate yell,
The hum and flutter of exploding shell,
Nor gaze on bleeding comrades brave, who fell — -
At left and right.
Comrades, prepare.
Many new names on yonder roll appear
Since flowers were strewn and dirges sung last year;
Three brave commanders more, who knew no fear —
Now muster there.
And orders go
For steady step aside to the silent right —
To close our ranks as spirits take their flight —
Detailed for service in the realms of light — •
Where dwells no foe.
Who next — who last,
Death's orders to obey, like veteran true,
To strike the earthly tent — to doff the blue
And don the white ; to march in grand review —
Life's warfare past !

ROSTER,

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH NEW
YORK VOLUNTEERS.

& .^sSSSMi^SSk^.

j'S'ps}1' " ' ' ''

UPRISING OF THE LOYAL NORTH.

EXPLANATION.
This Roster has been prepared with all possible care. Every available source
of information has been used in the effort to make the record complete. But,
notwithstanding all the carefulness, mistakes may here be found by those directly
interested. Such errors have a place even on the records of the Adjutant-Gen
eral's office If there is omission here that detracts from any one; or additions
which reflect upon any one, such must be corrected by the hand of charity. If
mistakes appear, and any one will write to the author of this book, the correc
tions will be made in the second edition of the book.
Readers will please make note, that the figures appearing directly after each
name indicate the age at the time of enlistment; the date, next following, stands
for the day of enlistment. The term "mustered out " means, mustered out with
the regiment at the close of the war.

ROSTER.

ORIGINAL FIELD AND STAFF.
Griswold, John A. Colonel. Declined; not mustered.
Willard, George L. Colonel. Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863.
Crandell, Levin. Lieut.-Col. Promoted Colonel. Resigned Dec. 14, '64.
Bush, James. Major. Resigned March 14, '63.
Sheldon, Elias P. Adjutant. Discharged for physical disability, May 14, '64.
Promoted Brevet-Captain.
Ball, L. Chandler. Reg'l Quartermaster. Mustered out March 20, '63, to take
position of Major and Ass't Paymaster U. S. A.
Cooper, William S. Surgeon. Mustered out with regiment. Brevet-Colonel.
Benedict, Abijah G. Ass't Surgeon. Resigned Nov. 18, '62.
Akin, Washington. Ass't Surgeon. Mustered out with regiment.
Barlow, Joseph L. Chaplain. Resigned Feb. 14, '63, for physical disability.

Promotions in Field and Staff.
Myer, Aaron B. Lieut.-Col. Promoted from Major and Captain. Died May
8, '64, of wounds received May 6, '64.
Armstrong, Samuel C. Major. Promoted from Captain. Appointed Lieut.-
Col. 9th Inf'y. U. S. Colored Troops, Nov. 13, '63.
Hyde, Joseph. Lieut.-Col. Promoted from Major, Captain and Lieutenant.
Mustered out.
Owen, George H. Ass't Surgeon. Discharged March 9, '65.
Jenkins, George W. Reg'l Quartermaster. Promoted from Quartermaster-
Sergeant. Mustered out.
Simons, Ezra D. Chaplain. Promoted from Commissary Sergeant March 2,
'63. Enlisted as private Aug. 13, '62.
Miller, Merritt B. Adjutant. Died June 26, of wounds received June 22, '64.
Promoted from Sergeant, Sergeant-Major and 2d Lieutenant.
Brainerd, W. H. H. Major. Promoted from Adjutant. Mustered out.
Hatch, James H. Adjutant. Promoted from Sergeant-Major. Mustered out.

Original Line Officers.
Cornell, Dudley E. Captain. Resigned Nov. 19, '62.
Myer, Aaron B. Captain. Promoted to be Major.
Esmond, Fred. C. Captain. Resigned Dec. II, '62.
Armstrong, Samuel C. Captain. Promoted to be Major.
Dimond, William. Captain. Resigned Sept. 28, '62.

312 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Penfield, Nelson. Captain. Injured by fall of tree at Cold Harbor. Resigned
Feb. , '64.
Lemon, George E. Captain. Wounded at Bristoe, Oct. 14, '63. Resigned
and mustered out May 15, '65.
Wood, Ephraim. Captain. Mortally wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, '63. Died
July 4, '63.
Jones, E. P. Captain. Killed in action at Spottsylvania, Va. , May 12. '64.
Vandenburg, J. V. W. Captain. Dismissed May 12, '63. Reinstated but not
remustered.

Promotions to Rank of Captain.
Hartshorn, Edward A. Promoted from ist Lieutenant. Resigned Nov. 2, '63.
Sheldon, Thomas F. Promoted from ist Lieutenant. Resigned.
Plumb, William H. Jr. Promoted from ist Lieut. Killed, Bristoe Oct 14, '63.
Chamberlin, Frank. Promoted from ist Lieut. Resigned.
Newcomb, Walter K. Promoted from ist Lieut. Died of fever, Aug. 9, '63.
Hyde, Joseph. Promoted from ist Lieut. , and subsequently to field officer.
Hakes, William H. Promoted from 2d and ist Lieut. Resigned June 29, '64.
Quay, John. Promoted from 2d and ist Lieut. Resigned on account of
wounds.
Taylor, William D. Promoted from 2d and ist Lieut. Resigned on account of
sickness.
Haskell, Harry L. Promoted from Sergeant-Major and 2d Lieut. Resigned.
Crandell, Lewis H. Promoted from 5th Sergeant and 2d Lieut. Resigned,
physical disability.
Egolf, Joseph. Discharged on account of severe wounds received at Ream's
Station, Aug, 25, '64.
Morey, Fred. A. Discharged on account of severe wounds received May 6, '64.
Babcock, William H. Promoted from Lieutenant. Taken prisoner at Ream's
Station. Mustered out.

Original 1 st Lieutenants.
Hartshorn, Edward A. Promoted to Captain.
Taylor, Charles H. Resigned Oct. 21, '62.
Plumb, William H. Jr. Promoted to Captain.
Sheldon, Thomas F. Promoted to Captain.
Bush, Calvin. Resigned Feb. 11, '63, physical disability.
Chamberlin, Frank. Promoted to Captain.
Newcomb, Walter K. Promoted to Captain.
Hyde, Joseph. Promoted to Captain.
Buchanan, Archibald. Resigned Feb. 20, '63.
Pickett, Charles A. Resigned June 22, '63.

ROSTER. 313
Promotions to Rank of 1 st Lieutenant.
Quay, John. Promoted to Captain.
Hakes, William H. Promoted to Captain.
Jolls, Egbert. Resigned Feb. 6, '63.
Stevens, Lyndon H. Resigned Jan. 19, '64, physical disability.
Townsend, Benj. R. Promoted from 2d Lieut. Appointed Major 2d U. S.
Colored Troops, Nov. 9, 63.
Taylor, William D. Promoted to Captain.
Hull, Egbert B. Promoted from 2d Lieut. Died in rebel hospital of wounds
received June 22, '64.
O'Conner, Edward. Resigned March 3, '64.
Barto, Bennett G. Resigned March 14, '64.
Miller, Merritt B. Promoted to be Adjutant.
Crandell, Lewis H. Promoted to be Captain.
Churchill, Lee. Resigned on account of wounds received June 21, '64.
Milner, William. Resigned June 24, '64.
Bryan, George A. Killed in action June 16, '64, near Petersburg, Va.
Coleman, J. De Witt. Killed in action June 16, '64, near Petersburg, Va.
Clum, Henry M. Taken prisoner at Ream's Station, Va., Aug 25, '64. Mus
tered out.
Reynolds, Albert.' Promoted from ist Sergeant. Discharged April 16, '65.
White, David E. Promoted from 2d Lieutenant, from Com. Sergeant and from
Sergeant Co. E. Mustered out.
Brainerd, David. Promoted from ist Sergeant.
Jackson, Edward C. Promoted from ist Sergeant.
Tilley, James L. Promoted from 2d Lieutenant and from private.
Pettit, George W. Promoted from 2d Lieutenant and from ist Sergeant.
Clapp, E. S. P. Promoted from 2d Lieutenant and from Corporal.
Morey, Fred. A. Promoted from 2d Lieutenant.

Original 2d Lieutenants.

Hakes, William H. Promoted.
Quay, John. Promoted.
Coniskey, David. Resigned Jan. 15, '63.
Carden, Patrick. Resigned Oct. 21, '62.
Jolls, Egbert. Promoted.
Taylor, William D. Promoted.
Stevens, Lewis H. Promoted.
Hagadorn, David. Resigned Oct. 21, '62.
Fink, Edward. Resigned Feb. 20, '63.
Steele, McGregor. Resigned Dec. 26, '62.

314 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N.Y. S. VOLS.
Promotions to Rank of 2d Lieutenant.
Townsend, Benjamin R. Promoted ist Lieutenant.
Hull, Egbert B. Promoted ist Lieutenant.
Churchill, Lee. Promoted ist Lieutenant.
Cleminshaw, Sherman. Transferred to Invalid Corps, Feb. 15, 64.
O'Conner, Edward. Promoted.
Barto, Bennett G. Promoted.
Miller, Merritt B. Promoted.
Crandell, Lewis H. Promoted.
Bryan, George A. Promoted.
Haskell, Harry L. Promoted.
Milner, William. Promoted.
Goodrich, Aaron J. Dismissed Feb. 10, '64.
Gillies, Donald. Dismissed July 11, '64. — For a mistaken reason given by him
self. A true man and a brave officer.
Morey, Fred. A. Promoted.
Coleman, J. DeWitt. Promoted.
Barnes, Edward N. Died in rebel hospital of wound received June 22, '64.
Cleminshaw, Charles E. Killed at Spottsylvania, Va,. May 12, '64.
Tilley, James L. Promoted.
Babcock, William H. Taken prisoner Aug. 25, '64, Ream's Station, Va.
Mustered out.
Green, Eglon L. Died June 2, of wounds received May 31, '64.
Carpenter, Risley J. Resigned July 13, '64.
White, David E. Promoted to ist Lieutenant.
Halon, William. Promoted from ist Sergeant.
Keuster, John. Promoted from Sergeant.
Blair, William. Promoted from 1st Sergeant.
Myer, Robert E. Promoted from Sergeant.
Evans, William. Promoted from Sergeant.

Promoted, but for Various Reasons Not Mustered.
Clark, Harrison. 2d Lieutenant. From Color Sergeant. Severely wounded.
Bates, Stephen. 2d Lieutenant. Severely wounded.
Clay, Thomas. 2d Lieutenant. Died in rebel prison, Nov. 10, '64.
Wallace, George L. ist Lieutenant. From chief musician.
Allen, Charles L. Ass't Surgeon. Discharged Dec. 1, '62.
Tyler, Franklin T. 1st Lieutenant.
Simons, Ezra D. Adjutant. Remained Chaplain.
Egolf, Joseph. Major. Discharged on account of wounds.
-Churchill, Lee. Captain. Afterwards Brevet-Major.

ROSTER. 315
Officers Mustered Out With the Regiment.
Colonel, Joseph Hyde. Major, W. H. H. Brainerd.
Surgeon, William S. Cooper. Ass't Surgeon, Washington Akin.
Chaplain, Ezra D. Simons. Adjutant, James H. Hatch.
A Company: ist Lieutenant, Henry M. Clum.
B " Captain, Edward C. Jackson.
2d Lieutenant, William H. Evans.
C " ist Lieutenant, Francis Clarkson.
D " Captain, William H. Babcock.
E " Captain, James L. Tilley.
ist Lieutenant, Charles E. Sweet.
F " Captain, William Halon.
G ' ' No officers mustered out.
H " Captain, George W. Pettit.
I " ist Lieutenant, Charles Bates.
2d Lieutenant, John Keuster.
K " ist Lieutenant, Edward L. Shaw.

Original Non-Commissioned Staff.
O'Connor, William. Quartermaster-Sergeant.
Simons, Ezra D. Commissary-Sergeant.
Haskell, Harry L. Sergeant-Major.
Morey, Fred. A. Hospital Steward.

Promotions to Non-Commissioned Staff.
Jenkins, George W. Quartermaster-Sergeant.
White, David E. Commissary-Sergeant.
Carpenter, Risley J. Sergeant-Major.
Cleminshaw, Charles E. Quartermaster-Sergeant.
Hatch, James H. Sergeant-Major.
Shaw, Edward L. Quartermaster-Sergeant.
Clarkson, Francis. Quartermaster-Sergeant.
Mattison, M. V. B. Sergeant-Major.
Lincoln, William C. Quartermaster-Sergeant.
Green, Josiah, Jr. Commissary-Sergeant.
Wallace, George L. Principal Musician.
Derkin, William D. Hospital Steward.

Regimental Color Bearers.
Lewis Smith. C Company. Harrison Clark. E Company.
Philip Brady. I Company. Charles S. Davis. B Company.
Albert B. Green. D Company. Charles W. Belknap. H Company.
[Three of these Color Sergeants were killed, and the others were wounded.]

316 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
A COMPANY.
[This Company was enlisted at Hoosic Falls, Petersburg and Lansingburg,
July and August, 1862. It left Troy with 3 officers and 108 enlisted men.]
Commissioned Officers
Captains — D. E. Cornell. Discharged, physical disability.
T. F. Sheldon. Discharged, physical disability.
First Lieutenants — E. A. Hartshorn. Transferred to E Company as Captain.
John Quay. Transferred to D. Company as Captain.
E. S. P. Clapp. Died of wounds received May 12, '64.
Henry M. Clum. Returned home with regiment.
Second Lieutenants — W. H. Hakes. Transferred to B. Co. as ist Lieutenant.
B. G. Barto. Transferred to G Co. as ist. Lieutenant.
R. J. Carpenter. Discharged.
Enlisted Men .
Dunhan, Jesse T. 26. Aug. 5. Killed, Wilderness, May 6, '64.
Callan, William A. 27. Aug. 1. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3, '63.
Sweet, A. B. 18. Aug. 5. Killed, Wilderness, May 6, '64.
Coon, L. 31. Aug. 9. Mustered out.
Sweet, Chas. E. 20. Aug. 13. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12, and Peters
burg, June 18, '64. Promoted ist Lieut. Mustered out.
Agan, Calvin E. 24. Aug. 11. Wounded, Bristoe, Spottsylvania. May 12,
'64. Mustered out.
Burrell. Martin E. 22. Aug. 11. Wounded, Bristoe. Prisoner, Mine Run.
Died in rebel prison.
Bennett, Jos. H. 18. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Buckley, Daniel. 21. Aug. 11. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 14, '62.
Baker, Solomon. 18. Aug. 12. Discharged March 20, '63.
Bowers, Albert A. 31. Aug. 13. Discharged Nov. 21, '63.
Bennett, Staley. 31. July 25, Missing, Chicago, Oct. 19, '62.
Bump, Ichabod. 31. Aug. 13. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Prisoner.
Mustered out.
Beagle, Elijah. 25. July 26. Wounded, Totopotomoy, May 31, '64. Mus
tered out.
Burdick, Samuel C. 39. Aug. 1. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison.
Baldwin, E. A. 19. Aug. 4. Wounded, Gettysburg. Transf. V. R. C.
Broch, Ira. 33. Aug. 11. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mustered out.
Barber, Geo. 27. July 27. Mustered out.
Brown, Jerome. 18. Aug. 5. Wounded, Po River. Discharged.
Brimmer, L. D. 27. Aug. 4. Missing, Chicago ; do. Wolf Run Shoals.
Bates, Chas. A. 29. Aug. 1. Promoted Lieutenant. Mustered out.
Burns, John. 19. Aug. 17. Discharged.
Ball, J. David. 21. Aug. 5. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Dischaiged.
Cobb, Daniel L. 41. Aug. 9. Transferred to Invalid Corps.
Coon, Jos. 34. July 25. Wounded, Ream's Station, Aug. 25. Mustered out.
Corbin, Nathan. 24. July 24. Discharged April 21, '63.

ROSTER.

3-7

Crandell, John S. 23. July 24. Transferred to V. R. C.
Crandell, W. C, Jr. 19. July 25. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 20, '62.
Church, Clark A. 24. Aug. 7. Discharged Feb. 8, '63.
22. Aug. g. Prisoner, Mine Run. Discharged.
Aug. 13. Killed, Gettysburg, July 2, '63.
23. Aug. 6. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12, died May

Cutbush, James.
Carmody, B. 18.
Congdon, James.
15. '64-
Dooley, Edward.
Donohue, David.
Durkee, Albert S.
Dumbleton, Chas.
Dill, Almon. 23.
Devine, Zebulon.

Missing, Chicago, Oct. 16, '62.
Prisoner. Mustered out.
Mustered out.

23. Aug. 11.
24. Aug. 13.
18. Aug. 11.
E. 22. July 22. Mustered out.
Aug. 14. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 27, '62.
23. Aug. 15. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 27, '62.
Franklin, Wm. Prisoner, Mine Run.
Estes, Loren. 21. Aug. 5. Wounded. Mustered out.
Gibbins, Thomas. 21. Aug. 15. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2, '63, and
Petersburg, June 16, '64. Mustered out.
Gardner, Charles, 37. Aug. 1. Mustered out.
Gates, Nathaniel. 44. July 29. Discharged Dec. 19, '63. Re-enlisted.
Wounded, Petersburg, June 16, '64.
Galangher, Wm. 30. Aug. 7. Wounded, Bristoe. Mustered out.
Mustered out.
11. Missing, Chicago, Nov. 1, '62.
Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31. Died in
. '65.
12.

Godby, Ed. B. 20. Aug. 5.
Grogan, David M. 18. Aug.
Green, Alonzo. 21. Aug. 11.
Division Hospital, April 6
Green, Courtland. 24. Aug
Hawthorn, Ira D. 27. July 25
Hawthorn, John D. 21. July 25.
Howard, George W. 23. July 24.
Hagner, Charles E. 19. July 25
Mustered out. 25

Transferred V. R. C.
Transferred V. R. C.
Mustered out.
Died August 2, '63.
Wounded, Petersburg,

March 26,

Aug. 1. Wounded, Ream's Station, August 25
Aug. n. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18, '64.

•64. '64.
Mus-

Died

Jones, Daniel B.
Mustered out.
Jones, Peter H. 27.
tered out.
Keach, Israel. 21. Aug. 28.
Kirlin, Patrick, 40. July 23.
Kenyon, George W. 32. Aug
Love, Jason. 18. July 25.
in rebel prison, Dec. 21,
Letcher, Theron P.
Mustered out.
Lockwood, William G. 19. Aug. 2. Transferred to N. Y. Mounted Rifles.
Millias, Danford P. 21. Aug. 4. Discharged Jan. 4, '63.
Main, Charles H. 18. July 19. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16, '64. Mus
tered out.
McChesney, Stephen V. R. 42. July 25. Mustered out.
Morey, Charles E. Transferred to 169th N. V. V.

Mustered out.
Mustered out.
11. Missing, Chicago, Nov. 5, '62.
Taken prisoner, Petersburg, June 22, '64.
64.

18. July 19. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18, '64.

318 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

McCumber, Thomas V. 18. Aug. 9. Mustered out.
Mattison, C. L. 22. July 23. Discharged Jan. 8, '63.
Merithien, Samuel. — Discharged Dec. 19, '62.
McCumber, Charles H. 21. Aug. 9. Mustered out.
McDonald, George. 28. Aug. 12. Mustered out.
Aug. 12. Mustered out.
29. July 28. Transferred to Non-Commissioned Staff,

Aug. 11. Promoted Lieutenant.
Aug. 5. Promoted Sergeant-Major and Lieutenant.

Niles, John N. 18.
O'Connor, William.
Discharged.
O'Conner, Edward. 24.
Mattison, M. V. B. 23.
Mustered out.
Odell, Daniel A. 22. July 24. Transferred 4th Artillery.
Odell, Benjamin. 37. Aug. 11. Discharged March 14, '63.
Odell, Jabez. 21. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Oderkirk, Charles E. 20. Aug. 11. Deserted, Aug. 28, '62.
Patterson, Robert. 30. Aug. 5. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31. Died
April 19, '65.
Porter, Jesse. 42.
Pratt, Charles. 25.
Russell, Samuel E.
Rising, John. 28.

'62.
Mustered out.

Aug. 7. Discharged Oct. 5, '63.
Aug. 8. Deserted, Baltimore, Sept. 1
19. Aug. 5. Promoted ist Sergeant.
Aug. 12. Discharged Feb. 2, '63.
Rising, Charles. 29. Aug. 3. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 27, 62.
Russell, Richard. 24. Aug. 12. Transferred V. R. C.
Reynolds, Lewis. 22. Aug. 11. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 3, '62.
Rodgers, Patrick. 18. July 29. Taken prisoner, Ream's Station. Mustered
out.
Riley, James. 18.
Reynolds, Albert.
16, '65.
Rythenburgh, Levi,
Sibley, Warren D.
Smith, James. 36. Aug. 11. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12, '64. Mus
tered out.
Sweet, Newton. 18. Aug. 4. Transferred, V. R. C, Sept. 23, '64.
Spotten, Samuel L. 27. Aug. 9. Mustered out.
Snyder, Henry L. 23. Aug. 11. Wounded, Petersburg, June 11, '64. Mus-

Aug. 4. Deserted, Troy, Aug. 28, '62.
18. Aug. 4. Promoted Lieutenant. Discharged, April

39. Aug. 2. Transferred V. R. C.
36. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Aug. 11. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12, '64.

Aug. 4. Discharged.
Aug. 13. Discharged April 6, '63.
21. August, a. Wounded, Ream's Station, Aug. 25,

tered out.
Selby, Ralph. 23.
Sweet, Silas, 20.
Tripp, Cornelius. 21. August, d. Wounded, Ream's Station, Aug. 25, '64.
Mustered out.
Thornton, Joseph. 37. July 19. Discharged, disability.
Tilley, James L. 18. Aug. 5. Promoted Lieutenant. Mustered out.
Varnum, Jedediah. 44. Aug. 8. Wounded, Gettysburg. July 3. Died.
Williams, Franklin. 21. July 26. Prisoner; died in rebel prison, Aug. 3, '64.
Watson, Jeremiah. 30. Aug. 25. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 21, '62.
Sears, William. 22. Aug. 14. Killed at Harper's Ferry, Va., Sept. 15, '62.

ROSTER. 319
Wipple, Wellington. 38. July 21. Transferred, V. R. C, Sept. 21, '63.
Wager, Charles L. 33. July 24. Mustered out.
Waite, Irvin L. 21. Aug. 1. Mustered out.
Wilson, David H. 27. Aug. 11. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 27, '62.
Wager; Isaac. 28. Aug. 11. Transferred, V. R. C, Sept. 1, '63.
Yandau, Benjamin. 18. Aug. 7. Killed, Bristoe, Oct. 14, '63.
Haskell, Harry L. 22. Aug. 26. Promoted Sergeant-Major and Lieutenant.
Recruits:
Parks, Rufus J. 18. Jan. 7, '64. Prisoner, Ream's Station. Died in rebel
prison, Oct. 20, '64.
Davis, Eugene. 18. Jan. 7. '64. Died of fever, July 12, '64.
Reynolds, William H. 18. Jan. 7, '64. Prisoner, Ream's Station. Trans
ferred to 4th Art'y.
Jackson, E. C. 19. Feb. 24. Promoted Lieutenant and Captain. Mustered
out.
Carlan, James. 26. April 4, '64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Slavan, James. 26. April 10, 64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Thomas, William. 22. April 12, '64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Armstrong, Joseph. 25. April 2, '64. Missing, North Anna, May 27, '64.
Kade, William. 25. April 7, '64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Kennedy, James. 22. June 25. '64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Conradt, Albert L. 18. June 29, '64. Wounded, Petersburg, March 26, '65.
Died April 20, '65.
Millias, Jacob D. 18. Aug. 29. '64. Transferred to 4th Art'y. Mustered out.
Millias, Danford P. 23. Aug. 29, '64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Smith, David H. 16. Aug. 29, '64. Wounded, Sutherland Station, April 2d.
Thibadeau, David. 19. March 2, '64. Wounded, Ream's Station, August 25,
'64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Gates, Nathaniel. 44. Jan. 6, '64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Lovelette, Edward. 22. April 5, '64. Wounded, Petersburg, June 26, '64.
Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Skye, Thomas. 19. March I, '64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Mulligan, Patrick. 39. March 31, '64. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16, '64.
Discharged May 2, '65.
Cody, John. 19. March 3, '64.
Corbin, Charles. 18. March 24, '64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Frenirieve, Baptiste. 19. March 2, '64. Prisoner, Ream's Station. Trans
ferred, V. R. C.
Sweet, Rowland. 16. Aug. 29, '64. Mustered out.
Cory, John. 19. March 3, '64. Transferred, V. R. C.
Mustered out with regiment . . . . 46
Transferred ...... 31
Died in service . . . . . .19
Missing . . . . . . 18
Discharged . . . . • . 28
142

320 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
B COMPANY.
[This Company was enlisted in Troy, New York, during July and August,
1862. It left Troy with 3 officers and 108 enlisted men.]
Commissioned officers:
Captains — A. B. Myer. Transferred to Major.
William H. Hakes. Discharged.
W. H. Newcomb. Died of disease.
Edward C. Jackson. Returned home with regiment.
First Lieutenants — C. H. Taylor. Discharged.
Lee Churchill. Discharged on account of wounds.
Second Lieutenants — John Quay. Transferred as ist Lieutenant.
Edward O'Conner. Transferred as ist Lieutenant.
Donald Gillies. Discharged.
William H. Evans. Returned home with regiment.
Enlisted Men:
Allen, Robert. 20. Aug. 8. Taken prisoner at Mine Run. Died in rebel
prison, Aug. 6, '64.
Austin, Charles. 21. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Brown, George. 21. Aug. 7. Wounded, Gettysburg, July, 3, '63. Dis
charged Nov. 12, '63.
Brown, Joseph. 23. Aug. 9. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died at Andersonville,
June 13, '64.
Brown, Franklin W. 22. Aug. 9. Discharged Nov. 25, '62.
Beebe, Henry B. 23. Aug. 29. Promoted to Quartermaster-Sergeant and to
Quartermaster, 9th U. S. C. T.
Bulson, Samuel. 18. Aug. 7. Died at Chicago, Nov. 15, '62.
Briggs, Aurie D. 19. Aug. 14. Killed Totopotomoy, May 29, '64.
Bly, Ransom. 23. Aug. 24. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3, '63. Discharged
Feb. 7, '64.
Buckbee, James H. 23. Aug. 9. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mus
tered out.
Buttery, Henry. 18. Aug. 8. Prisoner, Mine Run. Mustered out.
Boshea, Charles. 28. Aug. 11. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12, Mus
tered out,
Connor, John. 25. Aug. 4. Discharged April 8, '63.
Cogger, William. 20. Aug. 4. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died at Anderson
ville, Oct. 11, '64.
Clum, Henry M. 26. Aug. 4. Promoted to Lieutenant. Mustered out.
Clum, Harvey G. 36. Aug. 2. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Rilled at
Cold Harbor, June 2.
Cole, J. M. 28. Aug. 4. Killed at Bristoe.
Cole, John A. 22. Aug. 13. Discharged Feb. 16, '63.
Cleminshaw, Charles E. 21. Aug. 4. Promoted Quartermaster- Sergeant and
Lieutenant. Killed at Spottsylvania, May 12, '64.
Caswell, Edwin B. 27. Aug. 13. Discharged April 11, '64.
Chamberlin, William R. 43. Aug. 2. Discharged Feb. 15, '63.

ROSTER. 321
Cherbenon, Anthony E. 23. Aug. z. Mustered out.
Clarkson, Francis. 28. Aug. 12. Promoted Quartermaster-Sergeant and
Lieutenant. Mustered out.
Delany, Charles E. 21. Aug. 7. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3, '63. Mus
tered out.
Davis, John. 24. Aug. 25. Discharged June 16, '64.
Davis, Charles S. 29. Aug. 9. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mus
tered out.
Davis, Henry J. 23. Aug. 13. Killed at Gettysburg, July 3, '63.
Dutcher, Henry. 22. Aug. 12. Mustered out.
Duffey, John. 21. Aug. 12. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6, and captured.
Eigerman, Ed. 21. Aug. 24. Mustered out.
Ferguson, Alexander. 25. Aug. 11. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18.
Mustered out.
Fairbanks, William. 31. July 29. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Mus
tered out.
Fry, Reuben K. 33. Aug. 6. Mustered out.
Feathers, Adam H. 27. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Fletcher, O. A. 31. Aug. II. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 3, '62.
Feathers, John M. 39. Aug. 12. Mustered out.
Green, Eglon L. 26. Aug. 1. Promoted to Lieutenant.
Gault, James. 25. Aug. 12. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22. Mustered out.
Graham, David. 38. Aug. 7. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Mustered out.
Greenman, Joel A. 26. Aug. 7. Discharged Nov. 20, '62.
Gault, George B. 19. Aug. 5. Discharged Dec. 13, '62.
Green, W. H. H. 22. Aug. 11. Discharged March 10, '63.
Grant, Lester J. 24. Aug. 4. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3, '63. Wounded,
Southerland Station, April 2. Mustered out.
Green, Horatio V. 19. Aug. 12. Wounded, Auburn. Mustered out.
Halon, William. 24. Aug. 7. Promoted to Lieutenant and Captain. Mus
tered out.
Hollenbick, Thomas. 26. Aug. 12. Prisoner, June 22, '64. Died Ander
sonville, Nov. 9, '64.
Hamilton, George. 22. Aug. — . Mustered out.
Hatch, George E. 27. Aug. 4 Died, Nov. 27, '62.
Hatch, James H. 21. July 22. Promoted Sergeant-Major and Lieutenant.
Mustered out.
Higgins, Michael H. 21. Aug. 7. Killed at Gettysburg, July 3, '63.
Hines, Clarence A. 19. Aug. 9. Transferred V. R. C. Nov. 15, '63.
Harrington, Herman E. 23. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Hull, Thomas J. 40. Aug. 8. Killed, Cold Harbor, June 5, '64.
Kennedy, William S. 21. Aug. 13. Wounded, Bristoe. Discharged March
1, '64.
Luther, George A. 27. Aug. 12. Mustered out.
Lewis, Leonard L. 29. Aug. 7. Mustered out.
Lott, Herbert L. 23. Aug. 2. Discharged June 25, '63.
Lamphier, David. 26. Aug. 12. Died, Aug. 27, '63.

322 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S VOLS.
Myers, Robert E. 25. Aug. 6. Prisoner, Wilderness, May 6. Promoted
Lieutenant. Mustered out.
Manning, Thomas. 22. Aug. 2. Prisoner, Petersburg, June 22. Died,
Andersonville, Oct. 2, '64.
Maddigan, John. 28. Aug. 2. Wounded and Prisoner, Wilderness, May 6.
Died, Andersonville, Oct. 21, '64. '
Miller, John L. 33. Aug. 2 Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Transferred to
4th Art'y.
McFall, John A. 33. Aug. 10. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6. Transferred
to 4th Art'y.
Manchester, George B. 19 Aug. I. Killed at Cold Harbor, June 2.
Manchester, Charles B. 18. Aug. 11. Prisoner, Ream's Station. Died at
Salisbury, Dec. g, '64.
Nooning, Thomas A. Aug. — Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Mustered out..
Northrup, Rowland. 23. Aug. 6. Died June 26, '63.
Ogden, Edward. 18. Aug. 28. Mustered out.
Patro, Martin. 18. Aug. 15. Missing, Chicago, Sept. 28, '62.
Padley, Richard G. 29. Aug. 11. Transferred, V. R. C. April 15, '65.
Parsons, Charles S. 18. July 28. Prisoner, Po River, May 10, '64. Mus
tered out.
Porter, Calvin S. 34. Aug. 2. Died in hospital, Sept. 10. '64.
Peckham, Jefferson D. 27. Aug. 2. Transferred, Jan. 16, '64.
Quitterfield, Abner, 18. Aug. 11. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3 '63. Dis.
charged Jan. 4, 64.
Romanie, John A. 31. Aug. 4. Discharged Oct. 31, '62.
Robbins, Joseph L. 30. Aug. 13. Missing, Chicago, Oct 9, '62.
Ripley, Sidney, S. 20. Aug. 7. Wounded, June 16, Petersburg ; also at
Bristoe. Mustered out.
Rich, Aaron P. 33. Aug. 7. Transferred, V. R. C, April 15, '65.
Reynolds, Eleazer. 18. Aug. 5. Wounded, Bristoe. Transferred to 4th-
Art'y.
Rose, William H. 21. Aug. 13. Discharged Jan. 21, '63.
Richer, John H. 21. Aug. 10. Missing, Chicago, Sept. 28, '62.
Roddy, Michael. 18. Aug. 9. Mustered out.
Saunders, John. 22. Aug. 5. Wounded, Bristoe. Died of wounds received
May 18, '64, near Spottsylvania.
Sterling, William H. 23. July 29. Discharged Feb. 16, '63.
Stewart, Hamilton. 28. Aug. 10. Discharged Oct. 31, '62.
Smith, Marion. 18. Aug. 12. Died Aug. 21, '63.
Shumway, Hiram. 28. Aug. 9. Mustered out.
Westropp, Henry, 21. Aug. 8. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died at Anderson
ville, April 12, '64.
Wiswall, John P. 25. Aug. 8. Mustered out.
Walton, James L. 22. Aug. 9. Mustered out.
Weaver, William, Jr. , 19. Aug. 6. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3, '63. Mus
tered out.
Ward, James. 36. Aug. 1. Discharged April 2, '63.
Wise, George. 37. Aug. 4. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6. Prisoner,,
Ream's Station. Died, Andesonville, April 12, '64.

ROSTER. 323
"Wallace, George L. 23. Aug. 15. Promoted Chief Musician, May 15, '63.
Winn, James E. 21. Aug. 20. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, '63.
Mustered out.
Weaver, Charles H. 18. Aug. 10. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Wounded,
Spottsylvania, May 12. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Wilson, Andrew J. 26. Aug. 14. Discharged, Jan. 23, '63.
Landruss, John. 22. Aug. 4. Killed at Spottsylvania, May 18, '64.
Recruits:
James, William. 19. March 3, '64. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Cross, Jamrs H. 24. Sept. 9, '64. Mustered out.
Long, Frederick. 40. Sept. 26, '64. Mustered out.
Bennet, Michael. 26. Sept. 26, '64. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31,
'65. Mustered out.
Annesty, George B. 18. April 1, '65. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Burges, Charles. 40. March 29, '65. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Haight, Louis. 18. March 28, '65. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Kirlin, John. 19. April 10, '65. Transferred to 4th Art'y.
Mustered out with regiment . 38
Transferred .... . 21

Died in service

24

Missing . . . 4
Discharged . . . 28
"5

C COMPANY.
[This Company was enlisted at Lansingburg, Schaghticoke, Cohoes, Pitts-
town and Sand Lake. It left Troy, New York, with 3 officers and 1O1 enlisted
men.] Commissioned Officers:
Captains — F. C. Esmond. Discharged.
F. Chamberlin. Discharged.
First Lieutenants — L. H. Stevens. Discharged.
William H. Plum. Transferred, Captain F Company.
Francis Clarkson. Returned home with regiment.
Second Lieutenants — David Coniskey. Discharged.
Sherman Cleminshaw. Transferred to V. R. C.
William Halon. Transferred, Captain F Company.
Enlisted Men:
Adams, John, (ist.) 21. Aug. 6. Discharged, Oct. 4, '64.
Adams, John. (2d.) 26. July 23. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 28, '62.
Alexander, Joseph A. 18. Aug. 6. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died, Rebel
Prison, June 27, '64.
Atkinson, John N. 34. Aug. 14. Discharged, March 30, '63.

324 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Alexander, George. 18. July 23. Killed at Totopotomoy, May 31.
Blair, George. 25. Aug. 11. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 16, '62.
Bradshaw, Thomas. 26. July 29. Missing, Chicago, Nov. 22, '62.
Burbank, Albert. 20. July 26. Missing, Aug. 28, '62.
Boston, Hiram F. 24. Aug. 5. Killed at Po River, May 10, '64.
Brien, T. W. 40. Aug. 7. Never joined Company. Transferred to 169th
N. Y. V.
Bolton, William. 21. Aug. 15. Taken Prisoner at Ream's Station, Aug. 25,
'64. Mustered out.
Baxter, Francis A. 20. July 28. Mustered out.
Blair, William. 24. Aug. 14. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Promoted
ist Sergeant and Lieutenant.
Brennan, John. 42. Aug. 4. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died March 9, '64.
Bell, William. 26. Aug. 2. Discharged July 17, '64.
Coughlin, Peter. 31. Aug. 15. Missing, Chicago, Aug. 28, '62.
Cole, Charles H. 42. Aug. II. Discharged Oct. 31, '62.
Constable, James W. 22. July 28. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22, '64.
Died at Belle Island, June 25, '64.
Clark, Milford. 19. Aug. 27. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Died of
wounds.
Cassidy, Samuel. 23. Aug. 4. Missing, Chicago, Nov. 22, '62.
Campbell, Charles. 27. Aug. 4. Never joined Company. Transferred to
169th N. Y. V.
Cole, Josiah. 21. July 21. Never joined Company. Transferred to 169th
N. Y. V.
Clark, A. B. 22. Aug. 6. Missing. Fairfax Court House, Jan. 26, '63.
Durkin, William D. Transferred to N. C. S., Hospital Steward. Mustered
out.
Dillenbeck, J. N. 34. Aug. 15. Missing, Chicago, Nov. 20, '62.
Donavan, John. 22. Aug. 14. Transferred to V. R. C. Discharged, June
10, '64.
Domendy, Charles. 22. Aug. 5. Died in Hospital.
Delair, Lewis. 24. Aug. 14. Killed by accidental discharge of pistol, July 7,
'63, at Ladysburg, Md.
Ellsworth, Hiram. 35. Aug. 7. Missing, Sept. 18, '62.
Fordon, C. H. 33. Aug. 9. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 3, '62.
Frear, Chauncey. 29. July 24. Mustered out.
Gains, Anthony. 28. Aug. 14. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 12, '62.
Grady, James. 25. July 20. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Mustered out.
Gowey, Daniel. 20. Aug. 4. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 27, '62.
Gowey, Oliver. 25. July 25. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 27, '62.
Godell, Warren. 23. Aug. 4. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 12, '62.
Glen, Henry. 42. Aug. 4. Missing, March 10, '64, while on furlough.
Garrespy, Octavo. 34. Aug. 6. Transferred V. R. C.
Gass, William. 22. Aug. 12. Discharged, March 5, '64.
Gilman, Charles. 22. Aug. 8. Mustered out.
Hanver, D. C. 35. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Hughes, Patrick. 21. Aug. 6. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Mustered out.

ROSTER. 325
Hollingsworth, Robert. 21. Aug. 12. Died, Feb. 21, '63, at Union Mills.
Hoffman, Andrew. 28. Aug. 11. Discharged, Feb. 18, '63.
Hutchins, George M. 18. Aug. 13. Missing, Gettysburg. Probably killed
July 2.
Hastings, Francis. 19. July 24. Mustered out.
Johnston, John. 40. Missing, Aug. 30. '62.
Kendall, J. W. 39. Aug. 13. Transferred V. R. C, July 30, '64.
King, William H. 25. Aug. Missing, April 1, '63.
Keleher, William. 18. July 24. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12, '64, and
Hatcher's Run, March 31' '65. Mustered out.
Leffler, Jacob. 23. Aug. 11. Missing, Chicago, Oct. n, '62.
Lambert, J. S. 24. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Lamott, Henry. 32. Aug. 6. Missing. Jan. 26, '63, at Fairfax Court House.
Moss, George S. 27. Aug. 14. Died July 11, '63, from wounds received July
2, '63, at Gettysburg.
Morris, William H. 34. Aug. 15. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Mus
tered out.
Moran, John. 20. Aug. 14. Wounded, Bristoe, Oct. 22, '64. Transferred
V. R. C.
Macready, Arthur. 21. Aug. 5. Prisoner, June 1, '63. Mustered out.
Martin, J. 40. Aug. 2. Prisoner, June, '63. Mustered out.
Morris, C. E. 19. Aug. 12. Mustered out.
Morris, A. Jr. 30. Aug. 6. Mustered out.
Montgomery, Benjamin. 21. Aug. 13. Wounded, Strawberry Plains, Aug.
14. Mustered out.
Miller, William R. 19. Aug. 4. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mus
tered out.
McNeely, David. 21. Aug. 13. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mus
tered out.
Morrison, Malcolm. 33. Aug. 14. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Pro
moted ist Lieutenant.
Morrison, Daniel. 25. July 29. Missing, Nov. 2, '62.
Newall, Moses. 44. Aug. 13. Missing, Nov. 13, '62.
Paden, Alexander. 18. Aug. 4. Mustered out.
Paine, E. S. 21. Aug. 13. Discharged Jan. 10, '63.
Pratt, James. 19. July 24. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 13, '62.
Rafter, William. 36. Aug. 13. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Transferred
V. R. C, Jan. 27, '65.
Redfield, A. N. 26. Aug. 11. Discharged.
Redfield, O. T. 22. July 24. Discharged Jan. 13, '63.
Reed, Chauncey. 21. Aug. 9. Discharged Feb. 11, '63.
Rose, R. A. 31. Aug. 5. Discharged April 3, '63.
Robert, N. S. 44. Aug. 4. Discharged April 1, '63.
Sherwood, H. 42. Aug. 13. Wounded and transferred to V. R. C, May
16, '64.
Sipperly, Martin. 21. Aug. 5. Missing, Chicago, Nov. 22, '64.
Smith, Edgar. 20. Aug. 5. Transferred to V. R. C. ,
Smith, Lewis. 38. Aug. 5. Killed at Gettysburg. July 2. '63, with the flag
in hand.

326 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Usaver, J. N. 28. July 20. Mustered out.
Wallace, William. 19. Aug. 14. Killed, June 16, '64.
Smith, Michael. 40. Aug. 9. Discharged Nov. 15, '62.
Simpson, Thomas. 32. July 24. Discharged Feb. 24, '64.
Simmons, D. L. 36. July 28. Discharged March, '65.
Smith, E. D. 21. Aug. 9. Mustered out.
Smith, Albert. 19. Aug. 5. Killed at Po River, May 10, '64.
Snyder, W. L. 18. Aug. 5. Died March 14, '64.
Trainor, Owen. 24. Aug. 15. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 14, '62.
Tucker, Hugh. Never joined Company.
Todd, William. 23. Aug. 18. Mustered out.
Valey, Alexander. 20. Aug. 14. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 12, '62.
Winnery, Joseph. 40. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Williams, George. 37. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Wilson, Alfred. 32. Aug. 13. Transferred to V. R. C, Sept. 11, '63.
Carroll, James. 19. Aug. 15. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 18, '62.
Linnehan, Thomas. 19. Aug. 17. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison
Sept. 4, 64.
Burgess, Henry. 19. Aug. 4. Missing, Chicago, Oct. 18, '62.
Montgomery, Samuel H. 21. Aug. 4. Transferred to V. R. C, Feb. 15, '64.
Carter, Thomas. 15. Aug. 4. Transferred to 169th N. Y. V.
Dricsen, Samuel. 14. Aug. 24. Transferred to 169th N. Y. V.
Youmans, Albert. Mustered out.
Morris, A. J. 30. Aug. 6. Discharged.
Recruits:
Smith, John. 21. May 3, '64. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Died Nov. 18,
'64.
Jones, Thomas. 42. May 25, '64. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Discharged
Nov. 18, '64.
Dargavel, Jas. 21. May 12, '64. Killed, Petersburg, June 16, '64.
Welch, Keron. 27. Aug. 27, '64. Discharged Oct. 21, '64.
Haywood, Moses, 43. Aug. 1, '64. Wounded, Fort Steadman, Oct. 7. Dis
charged March 28, '65.
Hade, Richard. 43. Feb. 23, '64. Taken prisoner, Ream's Station, Aug.
25, '64. Transferred, 4th Art'y.
Alden, Archer B. 18. Feb. 2, '64. Discharged.
Babcock, Lawrence. 24. Aug. 31, '64. Died Jan. 3, '64.
Linderman, Thomas. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died, Andersonville, Sept. 14, '64.
Marl, George. 36. Aug. 31, '64. Discharged Oct. 21, '64.
Redfield, Oliver T. 24. Aug. 30, '64. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31.
Mustered out.
Sipperly, Aaron. 21. Aug. 5, '62. Missing, Nov. 22, '62.
Wallace, William. 19. Aug. 12, '62. Killed at Petersburg, June 16, '64.
Warn, Orville. 35. Aug. 30, '64. Discharged Oct. 21, '64.
Hines, Alfred. 18. Jan. 9, '65. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31, '65.
Died April 1.
Coburn, James. 32. Jan. 6, '65. Transferred.

ROSTER.
Clark, James. 24. Jan. 6, '65. Transferred.
Davis, William. 20. Jan. 1, '65. Transferred.
Hofferman, James. Transferred.
Livingston, James H. 30. March 4, '65. Transferred.
Wilcox, Marcus H. 18. Jan. 9, '65. Transferred.
Mullins, Thos. 39. April 11, '65. Transferred.
Meadozzy, W. 22. Jan. 6, '65. Transferred.
Pavo, G. 41. April 7, '65. Transferred.
Sivan, George. 18. Jan. 9, '65. Tarnsferred.
Sausse, Fred. 39. Jan. 6, '65. Transferred.
William, David. 21. Jan. 9, '65, Transferred.
Underman, W. H. Wounded, Sutherland Station, April 2.
Mustered out with regiment . 23
Transferred . .28
Died in service . 17
Missing . . . . 30
Discharged . . 24

327

D COMPANY.
[This Company was enlisted at Troy, New York, during July and August,
1862. It left Troy with 3 officers and 97 enlisted men.]
Commissioned Officers:
Captains — S. C. Armstrong, Transferred to Major.
John Quay. Discharged. Re-commissioned. Killed.
Wm. H. Babcock. Returned home with regiment.
First Lieutenants — T. F. Sheldon. Transferred to A Company as Captain.
Egbert Jolls. Discharged.
William D. Taylor. Transferred to E Company as Captain.
David Brainerd. Discharged.
Second Lieutenants — Patrick Carden. Discharged.
Benjamin R. Townsend. Transferred to F Company as
1st Lieutenant.
George A Bryan. Transferred to F. Company as ist Lieu
tenant.
William F. Blair. Discharged.
Sergeants — William Milner. 24. July 28. Promoted to Lieutenant, '64.
Discharged, July 21, '64.
E. B. Griswold. 27. Aug. 4. Discharged April 21, '63.
Marshall E. Hiscok. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3, '63.
Henry Wheeler. 21. Aug. 1. Wounded, Gettysburg July 3, '63.
Lost leg. Discharged.
George A. Uline. 22. Aug. 8. Wounded. Mustered out.
Corporals — Charles R German. 23, Aug. 6. Killed, Wilderness, May 6, 64.

328 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S VOLS.
Corporals — Hamilton N. Hewitt. 24. Aug. 6. Prisoner, Auburn. Missing
since Oct. 14, '64.
H. J. Ford. 19. Aug. 11. Discharged, March 5, '63.
W. Finnegan. 23. Aug. 25. Killed, Gettysburg, July 2, '63.
Peter Hogle. 18. Aug. 20. Mustered out.
Caleb Green. 18. Aug. 5. Mustered out.
George F. Heath. 22. Aug. 12. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May
18. Discharged.
William Dollen. 26. July 28. Mustered out.
Musicians — C. I. Wilkins. 27. Aug. 2. Mustered out.
Edmund Wilson. 33. July 31. Mustered out.
Wagoner — Henry A. Oatman. 27. Aug. 13. Missing, June 11, '63.
Privates:
Allen, William. 21. Aug. 13. Prisoner, Mine Run. Mustered out.
Amitrano, F. 25. Aug. ig. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mustered out.
Bennett, James A. 19. Aug. 5. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison,
July 11, '64.
Berdeau, C. W. 20. Aug. 5. Discharged, Nov. 11, '62.
Boyd, Thomas. 18. Aug. 1. Prisoner, Mine Run. Mustered out.
Burke, Michael. 18. July 28. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12, '64. Cap
tured battle-flag. Mustered out.
Bounds, John W. 18. Aug. 9. Prisoner, Mine Run. Mustered out.
Bates, Stephen. 19. Aug. 2. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Promoted
2d Lieutenant. Mustered out.
Borden, John. 27. Aug. 7. Missing, Jan. 25, '63.
Bloomingdale, Joseph. 21. Aug. 11. Prisoner. Mustered out.
Bates, William. 18. Aug. 20. Mustered out.
Bulson, George. 26. Aug. 15. Died, Nov. 30, '62.
Cass, Matthew. 19. Aug. 7. Taken prisoner, Aug. 15, '64. Mustered out.
Cannon, James. 36. Aug. 13. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Died of
wounds.
Cleary, Patrick. 21. Aug. 4. Killed, Po River, May 10.
Callahan, John. 23. July 23. Left regiment, Oct. 11, '62.
Cheever, Samuel J. Transferred, 169th N. Y. V.
Demers, Eugene L. 19. Aug. 4. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Lost leg.
Discharged.
Donovan, Richard. 25. Aug. 4. Left regiment, Nov. 23, '62.
Duffey, Matthew. 18. Aug. 16. Left regiment, Oct. 16, '62.
Evans, William H. 22. July 26. Promoted Lieutenant. Mustered out.
Cannon, John. 16. July 29. Transferred to 169th N. V. V.
Dollar, William J. 26. July 28. Mustered out.
Egan, John. 21. Aug. 4. Taken prisoner. Died, rebel prison, July 3, '64
Evers, John. 34. Aug. 12. Transferred to V. R. C.
Fry, Peter S. 24. Aug. 14. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Taken pris
oner. Mustered out.
Frith, George. 26. Aug. 14. Wounded, Fort Steadman, Oct. 6. Mustered
out.

ROSTER. 329
Fay, Andrew. 19. Aug. 16. Left regiment, Oct. 28, '62.
Ford, Hiram A. 19. Aug. 11. Discharged March 5, '63.
Gillette, George D. 24. Aug. 4. Discharged Jan. 28, 63.
Green, Josiah, Jr. 24. Aug. 11. Transferred to N. C. S. Promoted 2d
Lieutenant. Mustered out.
Green, Albert B. 18. Aug. 5. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16, with flag in
hand. Died, June 17.
Giblon, Barney. 38. Aug. 13. Left regiment, Nov. 25, 62.
Hilton, Andrew. 28. July 25. Discharged June 23, '63.
Hayer, George W. 21. Aug. 15. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Mus
tered out.
Hazy, Michael. 18. Aug. 14. Left regiment, Oct. 12, '62.
Haly, Michael. Discharged Jan. 24, '63.
Hyde, Thaddeus. 22. Aug. 7. Reported died in rebel prison, Oct. 19, '64.
Hyde, Andrew B. 20. Aug. 15. Killed, Gettysburg, July 2, '64.
Holsople, Sylvester. 20. July 26. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Transferred.
Killroy, Matthew. 21. Aug. 15. Left regiment Nov. 8, '62.
Kelley, William. 28. Aug. 14. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Died.
Keeler, Thomas V. 44. Aug. 5. Discharged June 21, '63.
Larkins, Michael D. 22. Aug. 8. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 3.
Mustered out.
Loppy, E. A. 19. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Major, Myron R. 18. Aug. 15. Missing since Aug. 15, '64.
Murphy, Thomas E. 18. July 25. Left regiment Sept. 17, '62.
Mullen, John. 18. Aug. 4. Prisoner, Bristoe. Mustered out.
Langham, William. 33. Aug. 17. Left regiment Nov. 22, '62.
Lincoln, William C. 18. Aug. 26. Promoted Q. M. S. and 2d Lieutenant.
Mustered out.
Mason, William. 44. Aug. 16. Left regiment Sept. 26, '62.
Morey, Fred A. 21. Aug. 22. Trai sferred to N. C. S. and promoted to
Lieutenant and Captain.
Nichols, Daniel A. 28. Aug. 6. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison.
Perault, Nathan T. 18. Aug. 5. Wounded, Bristoe. Mustered out.
Potter, Silas. 42. Aug. 8. Wounded. Mustered out.
Philo, Charles. Transferred,
Pynes, Thomas. 19. Aug. 4. Transferred V. R. C. July 14, '63.
Piser, Theodore. 19. Aug. 11. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Died.
Quarry, John. 33. Aug. r6. Discharged.
Rhodes, C. F. 22. Aug. 8. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Died.
Russell, Henry. 22. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Rysdorph, Lyman. 23. Aug. 11. Missing Aug. 25, '62.
Rogers, James H. 32. Aug. 14. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Mustered out.
Smith, Hiram H. 18. Aug. 11. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mus
tered out.
Hare, Barney S. 18. Aug. 14. Left regiment Oct. 12, '62.
Swim, Peter. 32. Aug. 6. Left regiment Nov. 7, '62.
Simons, Ezra D. 23. Aug. 13. Transf'd to N. C. S. Promoted to Chaplain.

330 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS. •
SUngerland, GeoJge O. 20. Aug. 16. Discharged.
Saunders. William M. H. 21. Aug. 13. Discharged Feb. 24, '63.
Seiler, George. 21. Aug. 13. Killed at Sutherland Station, April 2, '65.
Suydam, William H. 25. Aug. 12. Left regiment Nov. 8, '62.
Sherman, Steams. 19. Aug. 11. Missing, Jan. 24, '63.
Schermerhorn, Norman. 24. Aug. 11. Wounded, Totopotomoy, May 30.
Mustered out.
Thompson, James P. 21. Aug. 8. Wounded, Fort Steadman, Sept. 21.
Mustered out.
Tulley, William. 44. July 31. Discharged June 1, '63.
Trotman, William R. 18. Aug. 23. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Dis
charged.
Usher, A. B. 26. Aug. 20. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Died July 9.
Wing, Charles M. 20. Aug. 6. Mustered out.
Wager, John F. 22. Aug. 14. Killed at Spottsplvania, May 12, '64.
West, John. 19. Aug. 6. Left regiment Oct. 11, '62.
Wade, E. P. 38. July 31. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Mustered out.
Recruits:
Cosier, John A. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Transferred.
Lauriston. Jones. 26. Dec. 8, '63. Wounded. Po River, May 10. Trans
ferred.
Bennett, James. 18. Dec. 23, '63" Transferred.
Bennett, Peter. 41. Dec. 19, '63. Wounded, Strawberry Plains, Aug. 14.
Transferred.
Burke, Patrick. 18. Aug. 8, '63.
McMahon, M. 25. Dec. 21, '63. Wounded, Strawberry Plains, Aug. 14.
Transferred to V. R. C, Feb. 25, '65.
Shaw, Edgar L. 17. Feb. 24, '64. Promoted Lieutenant. Mustered out.
McDermott, A. 36. Dec. 21, '63. Missing since May 12, '64.
Wiley, William. 30. March 31, '64. Missing since June 21, '64.
Bailey, Levi D. 44. May 10, '64. Transferred.
Martin, Robert. 28. May 4. '64. Transferred
Gibson, James E. 18. March 14, '64. Transferred.
Lowey, Morris. 19. March 3, '64. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16.
Martin, Francis. 43. Feb. 23, '64. Prisoner, Strawberry Plains, Aug. 14.
Smith, David F. 25. May 15, '64. Transferred.
Easton, William. 17. March 13, '65. Transferred.
Murray, W. J. 18. March 6, '65. Wounded, Sutherland Station, April 2.
Transferred.
Eagen, James. 19. Feb. 29, '64. Reported died in rebel prison, July 3, '64.

Mustered out with regiment . . . . oj
Transferred ••.... 27
Died in service . . . . _ 2.
Missing ••.... 19
Discharged ...... 26
128

ROSTER.

E COMPANY.

331

[This Company was recruited in Sand Lake, Stephentown, Nassau and
Hoag's Corner. It left Troy, New York, with 3 officers and 96 enlisted men.]
Commissioned Officers:
Captains — William Dimond. Discharged.
E. A. Hartshorn. Discharged.
William D. Taylor. Discharged.
James L. Tilley. Returned home with regiment.
First Lieutenants — Calvin Bush. Discharged.
C. E. Sweet. Returned home with regiment.
L. H. Crandell. Transferred to H Company as Captain.
Second Lieutenants — Egbert Joles. Transferred to D Company as First Lieu
tenant.
I. DeWitt Coleman. Transferred to H Company as ist
Lieutenant
George W. Petitt. Transferred to G Company as ist Lieu
tenant.
Enlisted Men:
Andrews, William B. 40. Aug. 12. Prisoner, Ream's Station, Aug. 25.
Mustered out.
Andrews, Nelson P. 19. Aug. 12. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12.
Mustered out.
Allen, John N. 37. Aug. 26. Left regiment Nov. 20, '62.
Barnes, J. W. 44. Aug. 13. Discharged.
Brainerd, David. 38. Aug. 13. Promoted Lieutenant.
Bradway, C, F. 26. Aug. 12. Mustered out.
Bills, C. H. 18. Aug. 12. Wounded, Totopotomoy, May 29. Mustered
out.
Beebee, Lorenzo D. 28. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Bailey, Samuel H. 35. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Bateman, George W. 23. Aug. 12. Taken prisoner, Petersburg, June 22.
Mustered out.
Babcock, L. G. 26. Aug. 11. Killed, Wilderness, May 8.
Blake, John W. 39. Aug. 13. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Mustered out.
Bently, Clark W. 22. Aug. 12. Wounded, Gettysburg. Killed, Petersburg,
June 16.
Bradt, George. 27. Aug. 19.
Brummagen, Frank. 32. Aug. 14. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel
prison, May 10, '64.
Brown, A. J, 31. Aug. 12. Discharged Feb. 10, '63.
Bennett, Oscar F. 20. Aug. 15. Discharged Sept. 28, '62.
Bush, Calvin. 38. Aug. 13. Promoted Lieutenant.
Coleman, H. D. 31. Aug. 12. Discharged
Coons, George. 44. Aug. 12. Left regiment Nov 23, '62.
Coleman, I. DeWitt. 24. Aug. 12. Promoted Lieutenant.

53- ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Cummings, Theodore. 19. Aug. 12. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Dis
charged.
Carrier, DeWitt. 23. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Clark, Harrison. 20. Aug. 12. Promoted to Color Sergeant, Gettysburg.
Wounded, Wilderness, May 6. Lost leg.
Clark, Benj. F. 36. Aug. 19. Discharged May 8, '63.
Cox, James W. 19. Aug. 11. Transferred.
Cummings, Thos. 19. Aug. 12. Missing, Dec. 10, '62.
Chervoy, J. G. 25. Aug. 13. Left regiment Oct. 25, '62.
Coutant, Geo. 40. Aug. 12. Prisoner, Mine Run. Mustered out.
Cowan, Wm. 18. Aug. 12. Wounded, Strawberry Plains, Aug. 14. Mus
tered out.
Converse, A. F. 21. Aug. 18. Prisoner, May 12, '64. Mustered out.
Clapper, John. 21. Aug. 11. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Wounded, Po
River, May 10. Transferred to V. R. C.
Curley, Patrick. 38. Aug. 19. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison,
May 18, '64.
Davis, George. 2S. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Daboll, Amos J. 21. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Daboll, Clark. 31. Aug. 12. Transferred to V. R. C.
Dunham, D. W. 26. Aug. 12. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Greenman, B. L. 24. Aug. 12. Discharged March 16, '63.
Green, Liba A. 20. Aug. 12. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Transferred.
Green, Benj. F. 26, Aug. 12. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May IS. Died of
wounds.
Goodrich, A. R. 36. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Hollis, H. L. 43. Aug. 21. Wagoner. Mustered out.
Hollis, F. R. 21. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Hassen, James E. 19. Aug. 12. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Mustered
out.
Holsopple, Harry. 35. Aug. 13. Left regiment Nov. 16, '62.
Horton, Luther. 18. Aug. 11.
Hogeboom, Sidney. 20. Aug. 11. Died Aug. 12, '63.
Harris, J. S. 20. Aug. 11. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6, and at Suther
land Station, April 2. Promoted Sergeant, Orderly Serg't and 2d Lieut.
Haynes, C. A. 24. Aug. 11. Appointed 2d Lieut. U. S. C. T.
Hunt, Stephen. 26. Aug. 14. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Transferred to
V. R C.
Jolls, Egbert. 35. Aug. 14. Appointed Lieutenant.
Kirby, John H. 27. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Kittle, E. H. 33. Aug. 13. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison,
Aug. 12, '64.
Lappins, Henry. 19. Aug. 13. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Larkins, L. M. 27. Aug. 12. Transferred to V. R. C.
Little, Albert. 25. Aug. 15. Discharged April 30, '63.
Momroy, W. H. 18. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Marston, A. F, 3g. Aug. 12. Left regiment Oct. 21, '62.
Millins, Adam. 27. Aug. 11. Died.

ROSTER. 333
McGill, John. 44. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Miller, Conrad. 21. Aug. 7. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2.
Nye, Daniel. 20. Aug. 13. Discharged Aug. I, '63.
Pratt, Franklin. 31. Aug. 13. Discharged April 6, '64.
Rogers, E. A. 28. Aug. 11. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mustered
out.
Robinson, Charles. 40. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Robbins, W. L. 28. Aug. 15. Wounded, Sutherland Station, April 2. Died
April 3.
Rice, C. B. 34. Aug. 13. Left regiment Nov. 5, '62.
Simmons, H. C. 21. Aug. 14. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Mustered
out.
Sedgwick, Philetus. 21. Aug. 12. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Discharged.
Sweet, W. N. 43. Aug. 15. Discharged June 11, '63.
Simons, Albert. 2g. Aug. 14. Missing Nov. 23, '62.
Saxby, J. C. 25. Aug. 12. Severely wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Dis
charged March 26, '64.
Shepard, Philander. 26. Aug. 12. Left regiment Nov. 13, '62.
Snow, George W. 30. Aug. n. Mustered out.
Sykes, Horace. 25. Aug. 11. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22. Mustered
out.
Sweet, Truman. 31. Aug. 12. Died, Feb. 22, '63.
Snyder, Robert. 36. Aug. 14. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Tifft, James E. 30. Aug. 12 Musician. Mustered out.
Tifft, Nathan H. 18. Aug. 12. Discharged Oct. 2g, '63.
Trapp, David. 2g. Aug. 15. Severely wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Mus
tered out.
Tooley, H. J. 25. Aug. 12. Severely wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Mus
tered out.
Taylor, John M. 18. Aug. 23. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12, and at
Hatcher's Run, March 31. Mustered out.
Taylor, Abram M. 22. Aug. 24. Discharged.
Vickeny, H. W. 2g. Aug. 14. Transferred to V. R. C. Nov. 21, '63.
11. Left regiment Oct. 21, 62.
Mustered out.
Prisoner, Petersburg, June 22. Died in rebel
Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2, '63. Mustered
Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Died March
11. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Also at
Spottsylvania, May 12. Mustered out.
Waite, Daniel P. 25. Aug. 11. Discharged Feb. 1, '63.
Warden, N. E. 23. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
White, D. E. 34. Aug. 12. Promoted to N. C. S. and Lieutenant.
Wilkinson, C. H. 24. Aug 12. Transferred to V. R. C.

Whiteman, William.

25. Aug.

Wolcott, Perry. 24.

Aug. 12.

Weaver, D. H. 35.

Aug. 13.

Waters, Daniel. 38.

Aug. 12.

prison.

Wilbeck, Peter. 29.

Aug. 12.

out.

Webster, Gilbert. 23.

, Aug. 11.

9, '64.

Waite, Warren C. ii

i. Aug. 1

334 0NE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S VOLS.
Warren, A. G. 39. Aug. 14. Discharged Sept. 22, '62.
Woodward, H. B. 20. Aug. 11. Wounded, Strawberry Plains, Aug. 14.
Died Aug. 16.
Wiley, E. O. 20. Aug. 14. Transferred to V. R. C Sept. 1, '63.
Recruits:
Allen, Henry. 29. April 11. '64. Transferred.
Allen, James. 19. March 10, '64. Died in hospital.
Bloodgood, Chas. 19. Feb. 19, '64. Wounded, Petersburg, June 21, '64.
Transferred.
Conklin. John. 22. May 18, '64. Transferred.
Dolan, Patrick. 22. May 26, '64. Prisoner, Ream's Station, August 25.
Transferred.
Diver, Sidney. 44. May 14, '64. Transferred.
Bryan, Callen. 21. Aug. 11, '64.
Mott, W. C. 21. Aug. 11, '64. Died in hospital Sept. 11, '64.
Moran, Michael. 27. May 2, '64. Prisoner, Ream's Station, August 25.
Transferred.
Mitchell, Jonathan. 25. March 31, '64. Taken prisoner June 23, '64. Died,.
Andersonville, September 10, '64.
McCombs, Robert. 23. March 3, '64. Transferred.
Osterhout, William A. 20. Feb. 26, '64. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16.
Transferred.
Turner, Stephen C. 37. Feb. 25, '64. Wounded, Cold Harbor, June 1.
Transferred.
Teater, David. 37. March 29, '64. Transferred.
Peer, W. C. 19. Feb. 29, '64. Died in hospital, City Point, July 31, '64.
McKernon, Robert. 33. March 3, '64: Transferred.
Harrington, John. 32. Aug. 22, '64. Transferred.
Stevenson, William. 21. May 18, '64. Transferred.
Godlip, Stephen. 32. April 15, '64. Prisoner, June 16, Petersburg.
Maloney, James.  Died in hospital, May 6, '65.
Mustered out with regiment .... 42

Transferred Died in service

3023

Missing ..... 10
Discharged ...... 24
129

F COMPANY.
[This Company was recruited in Troy and at Poestenkill during July and
August, 1862. It left Troy, New York, with 3 officers and 95 enlisted men.]
Commissioned Officers:
Captains — Nelson Penfield. Discharged.
Harry L. Haskell. Discharged.

ROSTER. 335
Captains — William H. Plum. Killed at Bristoe.
William Halon. Returned home with regiment.
First Lieutenants — Frank Chamberlin. Transferred as Captain to C Company.
Benj. R. Townsend. Transferred as Major to U. S. C. T.
George A. Bryan. Killed at Petersburg, June 16, '64.
Second Lieutenant — William D. Taylor. Transferred as ist Lieutenant to D
Company.
Enlisted Men:
Morgan, John T. 32. Aug. 4. Sergeant. Left regiment Sept. 28, '62.
Churchill, Lee. 26. Aug. 13. Sergeant. Wounded four times at Gettysburg.
Promoted 2d and 1st Lieutenant and Captain. Discharged on account of
wounds.
Cleminshaw, Sherman. 24. Aug. 12. Sergeant. Promoted Lieutenant. Trans
ferred to V. R. C.
Babcock, Charles W. 26. Aug. 5. Sergeant. Discharged March ;, '63.
Babcock, William H. 33. Aug. 5. Sergeant. Wounded, Wilderness, May
6. Promoted Lieutenant and Captain. Mustered out.
Jenkins, George W. 23. Aug. 12. Corporal. Promoted Quartermaster-Ser
geant and Quartermaster.
Barton, Henry C. 27. Aug. 12. Corporal. Discharged March 6, '63.
Mealey, John C. 22. July 30. Corporal. Transferred, V. R. C.
Gilbert, Utter. 36. Aug. 14. Corporal. Wounded, Bristoe. Prisoner, June
22, '64. Mustered out.
Vedder, George W. 26. Aug. 12. Corporal. Discharged.
Wright, Thomas. 29. July 28. Corporal. Discharged April 3, '63.
Roberts, Pope C. 25. Aug. 7. Corporal. Discharged Dec. 13, '62.
Dutcher, Edward H. 20. Aug. 13. Corporal.
Snyder, James. 18. July 29. Musician. Mustered out.
Mullen, William F. 19. July 29. Musician. Mustered out.
Parke, Elias R. 41. Aug. 23. Wagoner. Mustered out.
Belden, George H. 34. Aug. 15. Discharged Sept. 23, '62.
Brown, John. 18. Aug. 16. Wounded, Bristoe, June 16, '64. Mustered out.
Brisland, Edward. 19. July 29. Killed, Totopotomoy, May 30.
Bennet, Henry. 25. Aug. 6. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mustered
out.
Bushey, Christmas. 21. Aug. 23. Missing, Dec. 3, '62.
Corbett, Andrew. 22. Aug. 16. Mustered out.
Carroll, James. 25. Aug. 2. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Mustered out.
Campbell, John. 31. Aug. 12. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Transferred
V. R. C.
Canfield, Thomas. 42. Aug. 5. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Dis
charged.
Cipperly, W. J. 23. Aug. 9. Discharged March 29, '63.
Cropsey, William. 21. Aug. 15. Mustered out.
Canaven, Richard. 21. Aug. 29. Wounded, Cold Harbor, June 7.
Cook, R. M. 20. Aug. 22. Wounded. Mustered out.
Devane, Thomas. 37. July 29. Transferred V. R. C.

336 ONE PIUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Dempsey, Henry L. 22. Aug. 10. Prisoner, Mine Run. Mustered out.
Davenport, Henry J. 39. Aug. 9. Transferred 4th Art'y.
De Forrest, Edward. 32. Aug. 11. Killed, Harper's Ferry, Sept. 15,62.
First man in the regiment killed.
Deal, John H. 23. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Defreest, Sylvester. 32. Aug. 23. Prisoner, Mine Run. Mustered out.
Eaton, John T. 24. Aug. 12. Killed, Gettysburg, July 2.
Finnegan, Bernard. 19. Aug. 14. Killed, Petersburg, June 16.
Farrell, Lawrence. 28. Aug. 1. Discharged.
Fleming, John. 22. Aug. 16. Mustered out.
Fennuff, Stanislaus. 30. Aug. 15. Left regiment Sept. 28, '62.
Frear, Charles H. 28. July 28. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Died of
wounds.
Gray, George. 18. Aug. 2. Left regiment Dec. 2, '62.
Gilbert, Uri. 18. July 29. Prisoner, Petersburg, June 22, '64. Mustered
out.
Griffiths, Josiah. 44. Aug. 13. Discharged, Nov. 17, '62.
Healy, Thomas. 22. July 31.
Haynes, George W. 22. Aug. 14. Left regiment Oct. 27, '62,
Hopkins, Thomas. 23. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Hall, Clark. 27. Aug. 18. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6. Mustered out.
Henson, Stephen. 21. Aug. 8. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mus
tered out.
Hagedorn, Ezra H. 35. Aug. 23. Discharged.
Herring, Henry E. 25. Aug. 11. Promoted Corporal, Sergeant and Lieuten
ant. Mustered out.
Henning, William. 35. Aug. 21. Discharged, April 2, '63.
Kaheny, Hugh. 30. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Kirkpatrick, A. J. 23. Aug. 12. Transferred.
Kustin, John. 41. Aug. 13. Died Sept. 7, '63.
Kilmer, Sanford. 19. July 19. Prisoner, June 22, Petersburg. Died in rebel
prison Aug. I, '64,
Lawler, Edward. 21. Aug. 12. Missing, Sept. 14, '62.
Lawler, Martin. 27. Aug. 7. Killed, Auburn, Oct. 14, '63.
Lee, Emerson D. 31. Aug. 15. Discharged March 29, '63.
Moon, James. 18. Aug. 14. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6. Captured.
Died in rebel prison, Oct. 5, '64.
Moon, William H. H. 21. Aug. 14. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel
prison, April 9, '64.
Moon, Alfred. 27. Aug. 15. Discharged March 18, '63.
McGill, John. 16. Aug. 14. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Transferred
V. R. C. April 15. 64.
Mitchell, William. 33. Aug. 2. Left regiment Sept. 28, '62.
Mason, Peleg H. 28. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Mason, L. J. 23. Aug. 14. Discharged March 14, '64.
Martin, William R. 34. Aug. 15. Discharged.
Meeker, John D. 43. Aug. 23. Discharged Feb. 10, '63.

ROSTER. 337
Perry, Josephus. 21. July 20. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Mustered
out.
Perry, Charles H. 21. July 30. Killed, Wilderness, May 6.
Paguin, Raphael. 23. Aug. 15. Left regiment Sept. 28, '62.
Pinney, Cyrus. 32. Aug. 6. Discharged May 23, '63.
Parke, Elias R. 41. Aug. 23. Wagoner. Mustered out.
Raynard, Fitch. 39. Aug. 9. Prisoner. Died in rebel prison, Aug. 12, '64.
Schofield, Andrew. 35. Aug. 13. Left regiment Oct. 4, '62.
Simpkins, Thomas. 23. July 15. Left regiment Nov. 1, '62.
Smith, Lewis F. 19. Aug. 15. Killed near Altoona, Penn., Sept. 28, '62,
by falling from cars.
Short, Joseph B. 18. Aug. 15. Mustered out.
Schollen, Henry G. 27. Aug. 6. Missing Dec. 2, '62.
Schremph, Frank. 19. Aug. 8. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12, and at
Sutherland Station, April 2. Mustered out.
Sipperly, Ezra. 28. Aug. 18. Mustered out.
Taylor, Richard H. 24. Aug. 14. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison
June 26, '64
Town, George E. 42. Aug. 15. Left regiment Nov. 22, '62.
Tompkins, Bethuel P. 20. Aug. 8. Died, Sept. 27, '63.
Upham, Morgan S. 37. Aug. 5. Mustered out.
Vassar, James P. 34. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Vandepool, Garrett. 40. Aug. 12. Mustered out.
Webster, Adolphus. 21. Aug. 7. Missing, Sept. 3, '62.
Winne, Robert J. 22. Aug. 14. Discharged Dec. 2, '62.
Wicks, George. 21. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Wiswall, James A. 18. Aug. 4. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Trans
ferred V. R. C, Feb. 15, '64.
Wadru, Fliram M. 23. Aug. 6. Left regiment Nov. 21, '62.
Wark, William. 40. Aug. 5. Mustered out.
Willis, Henry O. 23. Aug. 18. Left regiment Nov. 6, '62.
Yates, Abram. 20. Aug. 13. Transferred to V. R. C, July 1, '63.
Recruits:
Allard, James. 42. March 18, '65. Transferred.
Barker, Simeon. 40. March 18, '65. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31.
Transferred.
Bumbary, Oscar. 18. April 4, '65. Transferred.
Brownell, A. D. 18. March 29, '65. Transferred.
Benjamin, Wm. F. 17. March 15, '64. Transferred.
Blair, Michael. 29. March 12, '64. Transferred.
Conner, Oliver. 18. March 29, '65. Transferred.
Curtin, Wm. 19. March 16, '64. Transferred.
Crane, Henry. 19. March 16, '64. Transferred.
Corry, Napoleon. 18. March 22, '64. Transferred.
Dunton, Benj. F. 32. March 20, '64. Discharged.
Glyne, Patrick. 30. Dec. 29, '64. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6. Transferred.

338 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Griffin, Daniel, 21.
Transferred.
Gonnir, Joseph. 18.
Handy, James. 35.
Hendricks, Richard.
Halligan, Thos. 26

March 16, '65. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31.

Transferred,
Taansf erred.
'65. Transferred.
Wounded, Wilderness,

April 4, '65.
April 3, '65.
18. April 5,
Jan. 3, '64. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6. Killed.
Hatcher's Run, March 31.
Johnson, James. 18. March 22, '65. Transferred.
March 25, '65. Transferred.
Dec. 23, '63. Wounded, Sutherland Station, April 2.

18. 35-

Khen, John L.
Kinslow, John.
Transferred.
Kurnis, Thomas. 38
Mahoney, John. 41.
McMoore, Edward.

March 24, '64. Transferred to U. S. N., May 2, '64.
March 21, '64. Transferred.
18. Feb. 29, '64. Transferred.

O'Brien, James. 28.
Pickett, James. 21.
Roberts, John. 20.
Rankin, Robert. 34,
Russell, Peter. 19.
ferred.
Tooner, William. 23.
Taylor, William. 32
Transferred.

March 29, '65. Transferred.
March 27, '65. Transferred.
March 16, '65. Missing, Stevensburg, May 3, '64.
March 28, '64. Missing, Stevensburg, May 3, '64.
March 17, '64. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6. Trans-

March 18, '65. Transferred.
Jan. 8, '64. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12.

Taylor, John. 30.
Transferred.
Weidman, John. 20.
Wilkinson, John. 22
Wheaten, Samuel C. 20. April 3, '65.
Youmans, Walter. 18. March 25, '64.
24-

March 31, '64. Wounded, Sutherland Station, April 2.

Young, Berry F.
Transferred.

April 3, '65. Transferred.
March 16, '64 Missing, reported deserted, '64.
Wounded. Transferred.
Transferred.
Prisoner, Ream's Station, Aug. 25.

March 26, '64.

Mustered out with regiment
Transferred Died in service
Missing
Discharged

34
41 18 IS
25
136

G COMPANY.

[This Company was enlisted in Troy, New York, during July and August,
1862. It left Troy with 3 officers and 102 enlisted men.]
Commissioned Officers:
Captain — George E. Lemon. Discharged May 15, '65, on account of disabil
ity owing to wounds received at Bristoe, Oct. 14, '63.

ROSTER. 339
First Lieuterants — W. K. Newcomb. Promoted Captain B Company.
Bennett G. Barto. Discharged.
Malcolm Morrison. Discharged.
George W. Pettit. Transferred to H Company as Captain.
Second Lieutenants — L. H. Stevens. Transferred to C Company as ist Lieut.
Merritt B. Miller. Transferred to K Company as 1st
Lieutenant.
Fred. A. Morey. Promoted Captain.
Enlisted Men:
Miller, Merritt B. 19. Aug. 8. Promoted Lieutenant and Adjutant.
Blackburne. William. 32, Aug. 4. Left regiment Oct. 10, '62.
Bogart, Daniel. 43. Aug. 14. Discharged Jan. 5, '63.
Springsteen, Alexander. 20. Aug. 2. Appointed Captain U. S. C. T.
Crandell, L. H. 23. Aug. 14. Promoted to Lieutenant and Captain.
Ellis, A. H. 25. Aug. 1. Died Nov. 26, '62.
Shaver, E. P. 25. Aug. 14. Missing. Nov. 23, '62.
Lord, G. A. 42. July 26, '62. Discharged Nov. 13, '62.
Andrus, J. P. 26. Aug. 15. After severe illness discharged Feb. 9, '63.
Johnson, S. H. 33. July 26. Mustered out.
Thornburn, H. N. 26. Aug. 15. Promoted, Lieutenant, gth U. S. C. T.
Hammond, J. Jr. 17. Aug. 11. Prisoner, Petersburg, June 22, '64. Mus
tered out.
Andrus, George G. 24. Aug. 15. Transferred V. R. C. April 15, '63.
Peckham, B. H. 18. Aug. 17. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mustered
out.
Allen, Charles P. 44. Aug. 7. Mustered out.
Allen, Charles H. 19. Aug. 7. Discharged June 13, '63.
Babcock, George W. 27. Aug. 9. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Dis
charged.
Brown, Daniel. 41. Aug. 7. Mustered out.
Brown, Solomon. 13. Aug. 12. Transferred to 169th N. Y. V.
Boucher, Excelsior. 36. Aug. 11. Missing Oct. 14, '62.
Bullis, Nelson. 26. Aug. 15. Killed, Petersburg, June 16.
Bush, Sidney. 21. Aug. 5. Discharged June 13, '63.
Bupley, Michael. 24. Aug. 6. Missing, Nov. 5, '62.
Bricknell, William. 24. Aug. 6. Prisoner, Petersburg, June 22.
Barber, Joseph H. 21. Aug. 12. Mustered out.
Bennett, George. 23. Aug. 20. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Mus
tered out.
Bouplon, John. 21. Aug. 21. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22. Mustered
out.
Bill, James P. 18. Aug. 6. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22. Died of
wounds.
Burdick, A. S. 18. Aug. 17. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Wounded,
Strawberry Plains, Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Buckman, H. 25. Aug. 6. Discharged.
Cornwell. J. G. H. 22. Aug. 11. Reported died in rebel prison.

340 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S VOLS.
Cooney, Patrick. 24. Aug. 12. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Campbell, Alexander. 18. Aug. 28. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18.
Transferred.
Cox, Peter. 27. July 28. Missing, Oct. 10, '62.
Costello, John. 24. Aug. 16. Missing, Nov. 5, '62.
Connelly, Patrick. 22. Aug. 18. Killed, Po River, May 10.
Cross, Francis. 34. Aug. 6. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2.
Cipperly, George H. 20. Aug. 18. Killed Petersburg, June 17.
Cornelius, Abram. 31. Aug. 5. Killed, Gettysburg, July 2d.
Carhart, Alfred. 21. Aug. 5. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Transferred
to V. R. C.
Clark, John. 25. Aug. 13. Prisoner, Petersburg, June 22.
Davis, William, Jr. 31. July 29. Mustered out.
Donnelly, Luke. 21. Aug. 15. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Dulfer, Christian. 30. Aug. 16. Discharged.
Ellis, James. 26. Aug. 14. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Ebert, Casper. 34. Aug. 18. Died Aug. 26, '63.
Earing, Joseph. 18. Aug. 9. Missing, Sept. 27, '62.
Fuller E. A. 36. Aug. 6. Orderly at General McDougall's Headquarters.
Mustered out.
Gainor, William 18. Aug. 6. Missing, July 3, '63.
Gillon, Dennis. 16. Aug. 13. Transferred to War Com., Troy, N. Y., '62.
Higbie, Martin. 33. Aug. 3. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Transferred.
V. R. C.
Hines, Joseph. 22. Aug. 16. Missing, Sept. 17, '62.
Higgins, Caleb. 19. Aug. 13. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Died of
wounds.
Harrigan, Michael. 40. Aug. 14. Missing, Nov. 22, '62.
Horton, William. 29. Aug. 19. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Houngstein, Augustus. 20. Aug. 25. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16.
Transferred, V. R. C.
Hough, William. 35. July 30. Brigade blacksmith. Mustered out.
Hogeboom, Charles S. 21. Aug. 1. Killed, Spottsylvania, May 12.
Knapp, Benjamin. 21. Aug. 18. Mustered out.
Kearn, John. 40. Aug. 18. Discharged. Sept. 18, '62.
Lounsberry, James. 28. Aug. 28. Missing, Sept. 28, '62.
Merchant, Joseph H. 27. Aug. 6. Missing, Sept. 28, '62.
Merchant, George L. 37. Aug. 6. Wounded, Ream's Station, Aug. 25.
Died, Aug. 28.
McDonald, George. 28. Aug 12. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
McLoughlin, D. D. 26. Aug. 16. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Morris, Charles H. 18. July 28. Died, Oct. 11, '62.
Miller, Theodore. 21. Aug. 1. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Miller, John. 21. Aug. 2. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Miller, William H. 21. July 30. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Mulford, John H. 20. Aug. 16. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Moore, Anson. 20. Aug. 14. Prisoner, Mine Run.

ROSTER. 341
McGinnis, William M. 20. Aug. 18. Discharged, April 18, '63.
Norton, Daniel. 20. Aug. 8. Discharged, bept. 7, '63.
Northrup, George W. 20. Aug. 8. Mustered out.
Ostrander, N. M. 36. Aug. 6. Prisoner, Mine Run. Reported died in rebel
prison.
O'Neil, Charles. 40. Aug. 5. Missing, Sept. 30, '64.
Pettit, G. W. 18. Aug. 13. Promoted Sergeant, Lieutenant and Captain.
Packard, William H. 29. Aug. 11. Missing, Oct. 1, '62.
Pullen, William E. 18. Aug. 14. Transferred, V. R. C.
Post, Henry E. 38. Aug. 14. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison.
Ricklo, Robert. 26. Aug. n. Reported died in rebel prison, April 6, '64.
Race, George H. 20. Aug. 15. Reported dead.
Rack, William. 25. Aug. 6. Discharged.
Rockerfellow, Abram. 23. Aug. 4. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Disch'd.
Rose, Daniel. 23. Aug. 14. Killed, Gettysburg. July 2.
Simmons, J. F. 32. Aug. 14. Wounded, Totopotomoy, May 30. Mustered
out.
Stancil, James B. 40. Aug. 7. Discharged, Feb. 9, '63.
Shields, Robert. 38. Aug. 15. Transferred, V. R. C, July 1, '63.
Slemmer, William. 23. July 30. Killed, Gettysburg, July 2.
Slemmer, Jacob. 26. Aug. 15. Killed, Totopotomoy, May 30.
Shaughnessy, M. 18. Aug. 6. Transferred, V. R. C.
Slemmer, Charles. 23. Aug. g. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mus
tered out.
Schermerhorn, W. S. 21. Aug. 9. Mustered out. Promoted to Sefcond
Lieutenant.
Southwick, William H. 18. Aug. 15. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Thorn, Francis. 18. July 30. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Wounded, Po
River, May 10. Captured. Mustered out.
Tobias, George. 19. Aug. g. Mustered out.
Van Buren, G. N. 35. Aug. 1. Mustered out.
Watts, Robert. 18. July 2g. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Waters, John. 33. July 2g. Mustered out.
Williams, Samuel. 25. Aug. 6. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Webster, Daniel. 23. Aug. 15. Missing, Sept. 17, '62.
Young, Joseph. 24. Aug. 15. Missing, Sept. 17, '62.
Reciuits:
Brown, Henry. 22. March 18, '64. Transferred.
Brown, Charles. 21. June 5, '65. Transferred.
Belden, Charles. 21. Jan. 3, '65. Discharged.
Clark, J W. 18. March 28, '64. Missing, July 20, '64.
Chapman, Abraham. Transferred 169th N. Y. V.
Careham, Peter. 24. Feb. 8, '65. Transferred.
Close, Peter. 32. Feb. 18, '65. Wounded, Sutherland Station, April 2, '65.
Transferred.
Crandall, John P. 37- Feb. 20, '65. Transferred.

342 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Dalton, Martin. 29. Feb. 22, '65. Transferred.
Daly, Michael. 40. Feb. 7, '64. Died in hospital, Dec. 29, '64.
Evans, George W. Wounded, Totopotomoy, May 30. Transferred.
Hoffman, William. 18. March 12, '64. Transferred.
Kloty, Selon. 18. March 12, '64. Transferred.
Kelly, William. 19. April 29, '64. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Trans
ferred.
Kirwin, Charles. 22. Feb. 6, '64. Killed, Petersburg, June 17.
Myers, E. W. C. 19. March 31, '64. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22. Trans
ferred.
McNulty, John. 21. March 20, '64. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16.
McMahon, Arthur. 30. Feb. 22, '64. Wounded, Totopotomoy, May 30.
Transferred.
Mahon, John. — Wounded.
Maynard, George W. 22. Feb. 15, 65. Transferred.
Nyles, Samuel H. 41. Jan. 4, '65. Transferred.
Russell, J. H. 18. March 29, '64. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mus
tered out.
Shelly, Franklin. 37. Feb. 20, '65. Transferred.
Thompson, William. 20. Feb. 20, '65. Transferred.
Wager, Albert. 20. Feb. 24, '64. Killed, Totopotomoy, May 30.
Winn, James. 18. Transferred
Williams, David. 21. Feb. 15, '65. Transferred.
Mustered out with regiment . . . 22
Transferred . . . . 25
Died in service . . .... 25
Missing ...... 29
Discharged . . . . . .21

H COMPANY,
[This Company was recruited in Troy, N. Y., during July and August, 1862.
It left Troy with 3 officers and 97 enlisted men.]
Commissioned Officers :
Captains — Ephraim Wood. Killed at Gettysburg.
Joseph Hyde. Transferred to Major.
L. H. Crandell. Discharged.
E. B. Hull. Mortally wounded, June 22, '64.
George W. Pettit. Returned home with the regiment.
First Lieutenants — David E. White. Returned home with the regiment.
J. I. DeWitt Coleman. Killed, Petersburg, June 16, '64.
Second Lieutenants — David Hagadorn. Discharged.
William Milner. Discharged.

ROSTER. 343
Enlisted Men :
Adams, Thomas J. 26. Afig. 4. Discharged.
Allendorph, Charles H. 28. Aug. 13. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12.
Discharged.
Austin, Harrison. 40. Aug. 12. Discharged March 26.
Austin, Charles M. 19. Aug. 14. Transferred to V. R. C.
Allen, Daniel. 35. Aug. 18. Died, Sept. 27, '63.
Ashley, James H. 30. Aug. 13. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2, '63. Mus
tered out.
Bills, George. 33. Aug. 14. Transferred to V. R. C.
Butler, Peter E. 27. Aug. 15. Missing, Nov. 19, '62.
Bonesteel, D. H. 18. Aug. 14. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Mus
tered out.
Bonesteel, J. W. 36. Aug. 14. Discharged April 8, '63.
Bonesteel, George E. 23. Aug. 14. Wounded. Gettysburg, July 3. Dis
charged March 17, '64.
Brown, David L. 18. Aug. 12. Mustered out.
Barry, Wm. 19. Aug. 12. Prisoner. Paroled. Mustered out.
Bryant, John. 22. Aug. 10. Discharged March 17, '64.
Barnes, Francis L. 34. Aug. 10. Transferred.
Bassett, Daniel V. 21. Aug. 14. Missing Sept. 28, '62.
Belknap, Chas. W. 24. Aug. 15. Promoted Color Sergeant. Mustered out.
Basset, Daniel H. 27. Aug. 12. Missing Sept. 28, '62.
Clay, Thomas. 41. Aug. 8. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Captured.
Died in rebel prison, Nov. 16, '64.
Clapp, E. S. P. 20. Aug. 11. Promoted Lieutenant. Died of wounds,
June 5, '64.
Carr, Chas. 42. Aug. 15. Discharged March 31, '63.
Cunningham, H. H. 21. Aug. 14. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Mus
tered out.
Colborn, James, 40. Aug. 8. Discharged Oct 31, '63.
Carr, Daniel, 30. Aug. 17.
Carnrich, James. 21. Aug. ig. Missing Aug. 24, '62.
Cole, Albert. 31. Aug. 21. Missing Nov. 17, '62.
Conradt, Darius, 19. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Dwyer, Edward. iS. Aug. 11. Killed, Petersburg, June 16.
Dolan, Jerry. 38. Aug. 13. Came from 93d N. Y. V. Transferred.
Defreest, John W. 18. Aug. 11. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Defreest, Daniel W . 23. Aug. 12. Transferred to V. R. C. and discharged.
Daniels, Francis. 21. Aug. 14. Discharged, May 11, '63.
Faust, Charles E. 30. Aug. 13. Killed, Petersburg, June 16.
Forcey, Theodore. 36. Aug. 13. Missing, March 31, '63.
Feathers, Calvin W. 24. Aug. 14. Transferred, V. R. C, Feb. 15, '64.
Fuller, George L. 34. Aug. 8.
Flannigan, William. 34. Aug. 8. Transferred.
Feathers, Adams. 26. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
File, Phillip A. 26. Aug. 14. Mustered out.

344 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Forrester, Peter. 25. Aug. 11. Discharged.
Forrester, Samuel C. 18. Aug. 11. Discharged May 15, '63.
Frizzel, Joseph. 28. Aug. 18. Discharged.
Gibbs, Zebulon. 26. Aug. 14. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Mus
tered out.
Goyer, Norman. 44. Aug. 14. Transferred, V. R. C.
Green, Willard D, 19. Aug. 14. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Lost
arm. Discharged.
Gibbs, Phillip C. 26. Aug. 14. Transferred, V. R. C.
Green, Patrick H. 26. Aug. 25. Discharged.
Garvin, Michael. 18. Aug. 11. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31. Pris
oner. Paroled. Mustered out.
Houck, Jacob H. 28. Aug. 4. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Died of
wounds.
Hyde, William C. 18. Aug. 13. Promoted Lieutenant, July 13, '64. Dis
charged, July 21, '64.
Hyde, James H. 19. Aug. 13. Prisoner, June 22, '64. Wounded. Mus
tered out.
Hydorn, Timothy. 28. Aug. ig. Missing, Oct. 16, '62.
Hayner, Levi. 24. Aug. 14. Prisoner. Died in rebel prison, Nov, '64.
Hastings, Lemuel. 44. Aug. 14. Discharged, April 3, '63.
Hulbert, Richard. 23. Aug. 14. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22. Prisoner,
Ream's Station, Aug. 25. Mustered out.
Hoffman, John E. 28. Aug. 14. Severely wounded, Petersburg, June 16.
Transferred.
Humiston, Horace. 35. Aug. 25. Mustered out.
Holt, William. 23. Aug. 14. Killed, Po River, May 10.
Hayner, Benjamin F. 18. Aug. 14. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Mus
tered out.
Houghkish, Charles. 25. Aug. 22. Mustered out.
Ives, Charles W. ig. Aug. 12. Killed. Gettysburg, July 2.
Jones, G. H. 32. Aug. 6. Wounded, Bristoe, Oct. 14. Mustered out.
Lee, Isaac B. 22. Aug. 11. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Died of
wounds.
Lane, Albert. 23. Aug. 8. Transferred, V. R. C, Sept. 1, '63. Discharged.
March. 12, '64.
Little, Aleck. 21. Aug. 4. Prisoner, Mine Run.
Lohner, Chauncey H. 18. Aug. 14. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Dis
charged.
Lohner, David F. ig. Aug. 14. Missing, Oct. 20, '62.
Lohner, William II. 21. Aug. 14. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Trans
ferred.
Lazarus, Levi. 25. Aug. 25. Prisoner, Mine Run.
McArdle, Thomas. 24. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
McConkey, J. H. ig. Aug. 11. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Miller, William II. 21. Aug. 14. Missing, Nov. ig, '62.
McGovern, Owen. 21. Aug. 18. Missing, Oct. 28, '62.
Morris, James H. 23. Aug. 20. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22. Mustered
out.

ROSTER. 345
Northrup, David A. 34. Aug. 19. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison,
April 19, '64.
O'Brien, Michael. 33. Aug. 14. Missing, Nov. 25, '62.
Perry, Charles C. 25. Aug. 10. Discharged Feb. 28, '63.
Rogers, William E. 27. Aug. 4. Missing, Oct. 20, '62.
Rosecrans, John E. 44. Aug. 19. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison.
Rifenburg, Calvin. 21. Aug. 14. Died Aug. 28, '63.
Rogers, Aaron. 26. Aug. 14. Prisoner Mine Run. Died in rebel prison,
Aug. 16, '64.
Smith, James L. 23. Aug. 14. Wounded, Auburn, and at Hatcher's Run,
March 31. Promoted Lieutenant. Mustered out.
Saulter, William. 32. Aug. 11. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Mustered
out.
Streeter, Henry. 37. Aug. 15. Mustered out.
Smith. Martin. 24. Aug. 14. Discharged March 1, '63.
Senner, Nicholas. 19. Aug. 14. Discharged.
Tilley, Chauncey. 24. Aug. 13. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Mustered out.
Tuller, George L. 19. Aug. 11. Missing, Sept. 12, '62.
VanBuren, Arthur. 31. Aug. 11. Missing, Nov 17, '62.
Vanderzee, George. 24. Aug. 12. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Mustered
out.
Vandenberg, William H. 18. Aug. 14. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Dis
charged Nov. 20, '63.
Varney, William, 40. Aug. 14. Deserted.
VanVleck, William H. 37. Aug. 14. Discharged Nov. 17, '62.
Van Wie, Isaac. 22. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Wilson, Francis M. 36. Aug. 14. Wounded, Auburn, Oct. 14; died Oct. 15.
Wager, Levi. 37. Aug. 14. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12. Died.
Recruits:
Bonesteel, Jacob W. 37. Dec. 29, '63. Transferred.
Conlon, John. 21. May 18, '64. Transferred.
Diet, Charles H. 22. Aug. 26, '64. Mustered out.
Eagan, James, 19. Feb. 29, '64. Never reported to Company.
Garhart, George. 38. Sept 12, '64. Mustered out.
Eli, Samuel. 19. Sept. 12, '64. Killed, Hatcher's Run, March 31.
McCormick, William. 24. March 28, '64. Transferred.
Miller, Arthur. 27. Sept. 6, '64. Mustered out.
O'Niel, Timothy. 26. Oct. 17, '64. Missing, Nov. 15, '64.
Richards, Francis. 25. Sept. 12, '64. Mustered out.
Schwinder, Joseph. 28. Dec. 16, '63. Transferred.
Scouton, Jacob. 42. Sept. 17, '64. Mustered out.
Shay, William. 25. Feb. 23, '64. Missing.
Wallace, Thomas. 18. Oct. 10. '64. Transferred.
Wager, Charles H. W. 19. Aug. 21. '64. Mustered out.
Wager, James H. 20. Aug. 31, '64. Wounded Hatcher's Run, March 32.
Died of wounds.
Whiteman, James S. 19. Sept. 23, '64. Mustered out.

346 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Mustered out with regiment .... 27
Transferred ...... 20
Died in service ..... 22
Missing . . • 18
Discharged ... 20
107

I COMPANY.
[This Company was enlisted in Troy, New York, during July and August,
1862. It left Troy with 3 officers and 100 enlisted men.]
Commissioned Officers:
Captains — E. P. Jones. Killed, Spottsylvania, May 12.
Joseph Egolf. Discharged on account of wounds.
First Lieutenants — A. Buchanan. Discharged.
Edward O'Conner. Discharged.
William C. Hyde. Discharged.
Charles Bates. Returned home with regiment.
Second Lieutenants — Edward Fink. Discharged.
A. Goodrich. Discharged.
Edward N. Barnes. Mortally wounded.
John Keuster. Returned home with regiment.
Enlisted Men:
Barto, Bennett G. 32. Aug. I. Sergeant. Promoted 1st Lieutenant, G Com
pany. Resigned March 14, '64.
Barnes, Edward N. 25. Aug. 5. Sergeant. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3.
Promoted 2d Lieutenant, Dec. 23. '63. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22.
Died in rebel hospital June 24, '64.
Goodrich, Aaron J. 34. Aug. 15. Sergeant. Promoted Lieutenant, Feb. 20,
'63. Dismissed Feb. 10, '64.
Brown, Clark L. 28. Aug. 7. Sergeant. Killed, Wilderness, May 6.
Vanderpool, Sylvester. 23. Aug. 13. Sergeant. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Dwyer, John. 42. Aug. 15. Sergeant. Discharged Dec. 20, '62.
Townsend, Edward C. 27. July 21. Corporal. Discharged.
Keuster, John. 24. Aug. 18. Corporal. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22.
Promoted Lieutenant.
Pease, Platt T. 36. Aug. 14. Corporal. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31.
Keeney, Samuel. 18. July 29. Corporal. Wounded, Bristoe.
Yakey, Jacob P. ig. Aug. 11. Corporal. Wounded, Petersburg, June 22.
Discharged.
Vanderpool, Charles W. 27. Aug. 6. Corporal. Promoted Orderly Sergeant.
Wounded, Oct. 14, '63. Mustered out.
Sweet, George W. 24. Aug. 8. Corporal. Wounded, Po River, May 10.
Promoted to Sergeant. Mustered out.

ROSTER. 347
Moore, Charles E. 20. Aug. 14. Musician. Mustered out.
Alexander, William. 34. Aug. ig. Shot by accident March 2, '63.
Anderson, William. 28. Aug. 22. Missing, Dec. 4, '62.
Armstrong, William. 34. Aug. 11. Missing, Oct. 11, '62.
Bereau, Edward. 35. Aug. 1. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Bryer, William. 37. Aug. 27. Prisoner. Died in rebel prison Aug. 16, '64.
Bout, George. Missing, Nov. i, '62.
Brady, Philip. 18. Aug. 14. Killed, Wilderness, with flag in hand, May 6.
Brand, John. 26. Aug. 21. Missing, Sept. 26, '62.
Brennan, Charles. 25. Aug. 14. Transferred, V. R. C, Aug. 1, '63.
Carroll, John. 17. July 30. Missing, Sept. 12, '62.
Catlin, Julius. 26. Aug. 8. Died in hospital of disease.
Cawley, Philip. 44. Aug. 12. Discharged April 2g, '63.
Cipperly, George. 27. Aug. 4. Transferred.
Collins, Patrick. 18. Aug. 22. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died.
Costello, Jeremiah. 35. Aug. 20. Missing, Dec. 4, '62.
Doulon, Michael. 19. Aug. 6. Missing, Nov. 22, '62.
Fitzgerald, James. 21. Aug. 21. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Transferred.
Folmsbee, A. P. 22. Aug. 7. Deserted. Not on muster roll at Albany.
Fuller, Clarkson. 17. Aug. 2. Transferred to 169th N. Y. V
Gauders, Joseph. 44. July 25. Missing, Sept. 1, '62.
Brandy, Nath. 29. Aug. 12. Missing, Aug. 29, '62.
Gross, Louis. 28. Aug. 14. Prisoner, Petersburg, June 22. Mustered out.
Gillis, Donald. 18. Aug. 1. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Promoted to
2d Lieutenant, Feb. 20, '63.
Hall, Jordan G. 26. Aug. 9. Died, Nov. 22, '62.
Hollands, Charles W. 21. July 21. Missing, Sept. 4, '62.
Hall, Romaine. 18. Aug. 1. Discharged.
Hamilton, Thomas. 34. Aug. 19. Missing, Sept. 30, '62.
Hardy, John A. 35. Aug. 4. Died in hospital, Troy, N. Y., of disease.
Henry, James. 24. Aug. 16. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Higgins, George. 21. Aug. 9. Missing, Oct. 16, '62.
Holdrich, Jeremiah J. 38. July 24. Transferred V. R. C.
Holdrich, Samuel. 32. Aug. 6. Missing, Sept. 12, '62.
Hutton, John. 43. Aug. II. Discharged March 1, '64.
Holton, Charles. 29. Aug. 18. Missing, Aug. 29, '62.
Johnson, James D. 2g. July 24. Killed, Gettysburg, July 3.
Johnson, John. 43. Aug. 5. Discharged April 6, '63.
Johnson, Charles. 23. Aug. 30. Mustered out.
Jones, Silas A. 33. Aug. 9. Killed, Petersburg, June 16.
Jucharts, Charles. 27. Aug. 12. Musician. Mustered out.
Kane, Michael. 19. Aug. 15. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Mustered out.
Kelly, John. 26. Aug. 6. Drummed out of camp.
Keeny, Samuel. 18. July 29. Transferred to V. R. C.
Kinnaly, John. 18. Aug. 18. Missing, Nov. 22, '62.
Kinney, Benjamin W. 32. Aug. 7. Discharged Sept. 28, '63.

348 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S VOLS.
Kilmer, Milo. 26. Aug. 6. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison in '64.
Leahy, Daniel. 18. Aug. 22. Died.
McAllister, James. 42. Aug. 15. Discharged Sept. 30, '63.
McAllister, James A. 21. Aug. 6. Killed, Spottsylvania, May 12.
McCarthy, John. 33. Aug. 16. Deserted. Not on rolls at Albany.
McKay, Robert. 18. July 26. Prisoner, Petersburg, June 22. Died in rebel
prison.
Mclntyre, Thomas. 23. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
McMahon, Michael. 19. Aug. 15. Prisoner, Mine Run.
Mangier, Patrick. 19. Aug. 6. Missing, Nov. 21, '62.
Melvin, John F. 27. Aug. 16. Missing. Oct 16, '62.
Melvin, Thomas. 22. Aug. 16. Missing, Sept. 27, '62.
Metzger, George. 18. Aug. 8. Wounded,. Gettysburg, July 2; also at Auburn,
Oct. 14. Transferred to V. R. C.
Metzger, Raphael. 43. Aug. 19. Transferred to V. R. C. Aug. 1, '63.
Moritz, Joseph. 43. Aug. 16. Missing, Sept. 19, '62.
Mullin, James. 21. Aug. 30. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Mustered out.
Neelan, William. 24. Aug. 25. Mustered out.
Nible, William. 20. Aug. 6. Mustered out.
Nixon, James A. 36. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Odell, Amos. 43. Aug. 6. Deserted. Not on rolls at Albany.
Patterson, Thomas. 24. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Palmer, James. Not on rolls at Albany
Pease, Henry. 21. Aug. 3. Mustered out.
Pease, Giles. 18. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Pease, Platt T. 36. Aug. 14. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Mustered out.
Peckham, Adelbert. 18. Aug. 18. Died F"eb. 21, '63.
Pierce, Alfred D. 22. July 21. Transferred to Navy, April 30, '64.
Raisch, Jacob. 38. Aug. 20. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 3. Died July 5.
Ralston, Edward. 19. July 4. Missing, Sept. 12. '62.
Salsbury, Albert W. Deserted. Not on rolls at Albany
Shannon, Michael. 18. July 22. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31. Mus
tered out.
Smith, Aaron P. 24. Aug. 13. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Discharged.
Sthob, John. 14. Aug. 17. Wounded, Wilderness. May 6. Mustered out.
Stillman, Ezra Jr. 18. Aug. 5. Mustered out.
Thompson, Jacob. 33. Aug. 5. Transferred to V. R. C.
Thorton, Martin. 22. Aug. 21. Missing, July 28, '63.
Trie, Phillips. 43. Aug. 13. Wounded. Mustered out.
Trember, Gustave. 43. Aug. 16. Discharged.
Van Lewen, George. 34. July 2g. Mustered out.
Warren, Lorenzo. 27. Aug. 8. Mustered out.
Webber, Christian. 37. Aug. ig. Killed, Gettysburg, July 2.
Wiley, William. 43. Aug. 16. Discharged.
Wiley, Rich. 18. July 28. Prisoner, Ream's Station, Aug. 25. Mustered
out.

ROSTER.

349

Wood, Quincy. 31. Aug. 18. Wounded, Fort Steadman, Sept. 30. Mus
tered out.
Youmans, Albert. 21. July 22. Died Aug. 23, '63.
Reciuits:
Cornell, Stephen. 24. March 30, '64. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6.
Conners, John. 26. April 4, '64. Transferred.
Clements, George. 18. June 16, '65. Transferred.
Cullen, Martin. Wounded, Petersburg. June 16. Transferred.
Dwyer, Edward. 28. Jan. 13, '65. Transferred.
Edwards, John H. ig. Dec. 14, '63. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12,
Transferred.
Fitzpatrick, Francis. 26. Oct. 18, '64. Transferred.
King, Thomas. 21. March 31, '64. Missing, April 28, '64.
Lee, William. 22. March 29, '64. Missing, April 28, '64.
Maloney, Patrick. 29. April 10, '65. Transferred.
Multuer, John 40. Jan, 14, '65. Transferred.
Moran, Patrick. 29. April 10, '65. Transferred.
Parker, James. 19. Jan. 19, '65. Missing, April 10, '65.
Ribber, G. 20. April 6, '65. Transferred.
Stone, Henry. 27. Jan. 25, '65. Tranferred. "
Seinbuck, Jacob. 20. April 4, '65. Transferred.
Wilson, Charles. 43. Jan. 14, '65. Transferred
Welch, William. 20. April 1, '64. Transferred.
Mustered out with regiment . . . 25
Transferred ... . . 25
Died in service . . . 23
Missing . . . 26
Discharged . . . . . .22

K COMPANY.
[This Company was recruited in Schaghticoke and Troy, N. Y., during July
and August, 1862. It left Troy with 3 officers and 98 enlisted men.]
Commissioned Officers :
Captains — J. V. W. Vanderburgh. Discharged.
Nelson Penfield. Discharged.
First Lieutenants — Charles A. Pickett. Discharged.
Merritt B. Miller. Transferred to Adjutant.
Albert Reynolds. Discharged.
Edward L. Shaw. Returned home with regiment.
Second Lieutenants — McGregor Steele. Discharged.
Lee Churchill. Transferred to B Company as 1st Lieu-

350 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S. VOLS.
Enlisted Men :
Bryan, George A. 23. July 23. Promoted Lieutenant. Killed, June 16, '64.
Van Schaack, W. W. 41. July 25. Transferred to V. R. C.
Miller, Henry W. 21. Aug. 9. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6. Mustered
out.
Lafayette, Travis. 23. Aug. 9. Killed, Gettysburg, July 2.
Doty, Andrew J. 32. Aug. 5. Prisoner. Paroled. Mustered out.
Force, Jacob F. 19. Aug. 13. Appointed Lieutenant, U. S. C. T.
Grant, Job A. 21. Aug. 14. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison,
July 23, '64.
Holden, William H. 20. Aug. 14. Prisoner. Paroled. Mustered out.
Wood, Morgan L. 21. Aug. 11. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Died
July 21.
Overocher, D. C. 19. Aug. 19. Discharged.
Davis, James L. 24. Aug. 8. Prisoner, Po River, May 10. Died.
Mahar, James. 20. Aug. 2. Died, March 27, '63.
Tooney, Michael. 26. Aug. 14. Missing, July 10, '63.
Hagadorn, Francis F. 16. Aug. 13. Discharged March 6, '63.
Aiker, Philip. 44. Aug. 13. Discharged Nov. II, '63.
Anthony, James H. 25. Aug. 15. Wounded, Sutherland Station, April 2.
Transferred.
Bradley, Charles. Missing, Nov. 23, '62.
Bacon, John. 22. Aug. II. Wounded, Bristoe. Discharged Dec. 12, '63.
Buffit, Levi. 23. Oct. 12. Missing, Oct. 4, '62.
Bliss, Henry L. 19. Aug. 22. Appointed ist Lieutenant, U. S. C. T.
Transferred
Bushey, Levi B. 34. Aug. 12. Missing, Aug. 31, '62.
Brownwell, H. Charles. 21. Aug. 9. Killed, Gettysburg, July 2.
Barren, Daniel. 21. Aug. 14. Discharged April 9, '63.
Beauchamp, Emory. 24. Aug. 22. Missing, Nov. 23, '63.
Burch, Ezra. 21. Aug. 9. Died Nov. 4, '62.
Brand, Thomas. 22. Aug. 12. Missing, Nov 22, '62.
Brown, Thomas. 25. Aug. 5. Wounded, Bristoe. Discharged March 1, '64.
Bastedo, Peter. 27. Aug. 13. Killed, Spottsylvania, May 18.
Curley, Thomas. 30. Aug. 18. Missing, Nov. 26, '62.
Crandell, C. J. 18. Aug. 12. Wounded, Gettysburg, July 2. Died July 9.
Curr, William. 22. July 23. Prisoner. Died in rebel prison, Aug. 1, '64.
Clark, George. 41. Aug. 9. Missing, Nov. 24, '63.
Coulon, John. 44. July 28. Prisoner, Bristoe. Died in rebel prison.
Carpenter, R. J. 18. Aug. 25. Promoted Lieutenant, April 1, '64. Re
signed, July 6, '64.
Clow, Isaac S. 25. Aug. 11. Deserted.
Doty, William. 29. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Doyle, James. 30. Aug. 29. Mustered out.
Daniels, Jacob. 19. Aug. 3. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
Fisher, John. 28. Aug. 13. Transferred.
Felardo, O. 31. Aug. 5. Killed by accident on railroad, Aug. 30, '62.

ROSTER. 351
Fisher, William, 32. Aug. 22. Mustered out.
Fields, Timothy. 20. Aug. 13. Prisoner, Po River, May 10. Mustered out.
Fisher, Archibald. 18. Aug. 21. Prisoner. Paroled. Died, Dec. ig, '63.
Fisher, Douglas. 25. Aug. 19. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison,
June 21, '64.
Guest, Lorenzo. 21. July 23. Discharged.
Groesbeck, William M. 30. Aug. 6. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 12.
Mustered out.
Green, George. 19. Aug. 14. Died, Feb. 16, '63.
Hammond George H. 17. Aug. 25. Musician. Mustered out.
Hagadorn, William P. 19. Aug. 13. Wounded twice at Bristoe. Transferred
as Lieutenant to V. R. C.
Hoyt, Warner. 21. Aug. ig. Wounded, Ream's Station, Aug. 25. Mus
tered out.
Horton, Harvey. 40. Aug. 25. Mustered out.
Houch, Andrew. 25. Aug. 21. Mustered out.
Houch, Charles. 18. Aug. g. Mustered out.
Johnson, David. 18. Aug. 12. Died, June 16, '63.
Kelsey, George. 22. Aug. 12 Mustered out.
Kelley, William. 21. Aug. 8. Missing, Oct. 4, '62.
Kipp, Abram J. 18. Aug. 14. Mustered out.
Kraus, Frank. 41. Aug. 11. Mustered out.
Loomis, Avetus. 18. Aug. 19. Missing since May 9, '64.
McMurray, Michael. 18. Aug. 9. Wounded. Lost arm. Discharged Dec.
11, '63.
McConkey, J. H. 28. Aug. 8. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16.
McGowan, William. 23. Aug. 11. Wounded, Petersburg, June 16. Trans
ferred to V. R. C.
Mabb, James E. 34. Aug. 1. Mustered out.
Milk, David. 44. Aug. g. Severely wounded ; supposed dead.
Martin, William. 38. Aug. 20. Mustered out.
Marshall, John. 19. Aug. 19. Missing Aug. 31, '62.
McCabe, Edward. 23. Aug. 23. Transferred,
McAroy, John. 26. Aug. 6. Missing, Aug. 30, '62.
McPherson, Geo. 22. Aug. 11. Wounded, Po River, May 10. Captured.
Died in rebel prison, Oct. -5, '64.
O'Brien, Timothy. 24. Aug. 11. Missing, July 4, '63.
O'Neil, John. 19. Aug. 15. Missing, Nov. 24, '62.
Rain, Thomas. 32. Aug. 12. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18. Discharged.
Rain, Wm. 26. Aug. 12. Mustered out. .
Robbins, Jason. 18. Aug. 11. Wounded, Bristoe, Oct. 14. Mustered out.
Russell, James. 25. Aug. 8. Transferred.
Roddy, Martin. 19. Aug. 15. Missing, Oct. 16, '62.
Slocum, Josiah. 44. Aug. 22. Discharged Dec. 19, '63.
Slocum, Josiah, 28. Aug. 4. Missing, Nov. 8, '62.
Stratton, Chas. E. 18. Aug. 9. Prisoner. Died in rebel prison June 21, '64.
Scott, James C. ig. Aug. 25. Missing, Oct. 11, '62.

352 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH N. Y. S VOLS.
Simons, James K. 18. Aug. 18. Prisoner, Mine Run. Mustered out.
Scharp, Fred. 23. Aug. 11. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel prison,
Tice, Wm. M. 27. Aug. 7. Mustered out.
Th waite, William. 42. July 28. Prisoner, Petersburg, June 22. Died.
Turner, Lewis. H. 23. Aug. II. Discharged March 13, '63.
Thompson, Smith. 23. Aug. 25. Discharged April g, '63.
Van Loon, William. 31. Aug. 5. Missing, Aug. 31, 62.
Van Antwerp, Jacob F. 33. July 24. Wounded, Spottsylvania, May 18.
Transferred to V. R. C.
Van Schaick, Isaac. Wounded, Hatcher's Run. Transferred.
Washburn, Stephen W. 3g. Aug. 26. Died Jan 6, '63.
White, Chauncey. 27. Aug. 6 Killed, Gettysburg, July 3, '63.
Whyland, Alexander. 33. Aug. 30. Prisoner, Mine Run. Died in rebel
prison.
Wolf, Charles M. 18. Aug. 13. Mustered out.
Wolf, George. 19. Aug. 19. Wounded, Bristoe and at Wilderness, May 6.
Wolf, Wiliiam H. 27. July 26. Missing, Oct. I, '62.
Ward, Amos. 18. July 15. Mustered out.
White, Frederick B. 20. Aug. 13. Wounded, Spottsylvania May 12
Discharged.
Wheeler, Washington. 21. Aug. 6. Wounded, Hatcher's Run, March 31.
Mustered out.
Rea uits:
Church, J. M. 22. Aug. 15, '64. Missing, May, '64.
Dee, James. 24. April 15, '64 Missing, May, '64.
Griffin, Charles. 18. Aug. 15, '64. Transferred.
Hubbell, Lyman. 17. May 10, '64. Transferred.
Kemball, George. 22. April 14, '64. Missing, May 3, '64.
Kelley, William. 32. April 14, '64. Transferred.
Lambert, George. 24. April 12, '64. Transferred.
Lambert, William. 24. April 12, '64. Missing, May 3, '64.
Murphy, John. 19. April 12, '64. Transferred, V. R. C. Aug. 13, 64.
Maloy, Thomas. 19. April 12. '64. Missing, May 3, '64.
Maglo, George. 27. April 12, '64. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6.
Moore. James. 20. April 15, '64. Wounded, Wilderness, May 6.
Ornoff, Dewitt. 19 April 14, '64. Transferred
Smith, John. 24. April 12, '64. Prisoner, Petersburg, June 22. Transferred.
White, Joseph. 18. April 12, '64. Missing, May 3, '64,
Mustered out with regiment . . 23

Transferred Died in service

19
24
Missing ...... 26
Discharged . . . . . . 18

PART II

AN ALPHABETICAL LIST
OP THE
BATTLES OF THE CIVIL WAR,
WITH DATES.

From Fort Sumter, S. C, April 12 and 13, 1861, to Kirby Smith's
Surrender, May 26, 1865.

COMPILED FROM THE

OFFICIAL RECORDS

OF THE OFFICES OF THE

ADJUTANT-GENERAL AND THE SURGEON-GENERAL, U. S. A.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF BATTLES.

Abbeville, Miss., Aug. 12, 23, 25, '64.
Abb's Valley, Va., May 8, '64.
Aberdeen, Ala., Nov. 17, '64.
Aberdeen, Ark., July 9, '62.
Abingdon, Va., Dec. 15, '64.
Abo Pass, N. Mex., July 3, '65.
Ackworth, Ga., June 3 and 4, '64.
Acton, Minn., Sept. 2 and 3, '62-
Adairsville, Ga., May 17 and 18, '64.
Adamsville, Tenn., April 4, '62.
Aetna, Mo., July 22, '61.
Aiken, S. O, Feb. 11, '65.
Albuquerque, N. Mex., April 9, '62.
Aldie, Va., Oct. 9, 31, 62; June 17, '63.
Alexandria, La., Apr. 26, '64; May 2 to
8, '64.
Alimosa, N. Mex., Oct. 4, '61,
Allatoona, Ga., Oct. 5, '64.
Allen's Farm, Va., June 29, '62.
Alliance Steamer, Fla., March 8, '65.
Alpine Gap, Ga., Sept. 11, '63.
Alpine Station, Va., Jan. 4, '62.
Altoona Hills, Ga. , May 25 to June 4, '64.
Amelia Springs, Va., April 5, '65.
Amitie River, La., March 28, '63 ; March
18, '65.
Anandale, Va., Dee. 4, 61.
Anderson's Crossroads, Tenn., Oct. 2, '63
Anderson's Gap, Tenn., Oct. 1, '63.
Anthony's Hill, Tenn., Dec. 25, '64.
Antietam, Md., Sept. 16 and 17, '62.
Antiocb Station, Tenn., April 10, '63.
Antoine, Ark., April 2, '64.
Anxvois Eiver, Tenn., Oct. 20, '62.
Apache Canon, N. Mex., March 26 to
28, '62.
Apache Pass, Ariz., July j5, '62.
Appomattox C. H., Va., Apr. 9, '65.
Arivapo Canon, June 8, '64.
Arkadelphia, Ark., Feb. 15, '63; March
28, '64.
Arkansas Post, Ark., Jan. 11, '63.
Arkansas River, Ark., Dec. 18, '64.
Armstrong Ferry, Tenn., Jan. 22, '64.
Arrowfield Church, Va., May 9 and 10,
'64.
Arrow Rock, Mo., July 29, '62.
Arthur's Swamp, Va., Aug. 29 aud 30,
Sept. 30 and Oct. 1, '64.
Ash Bayou, La., Nov. 19, '64.
Ashby's Gap, Va., Sept. 22, '62 ; July 12,
'63; July 18, '64; Feb. 18, '65.

Ashepoo River, S. O, May 16, '64.
Ashland, La., June 6 to 8, '63
Ashland, Va., May 11 and 30, '64; Mar.
15, '65.
Ashley's Mills, Ark., Sept. 7, '63.
Ashley's Station, Ark. , Aug. 24, '64.
Ashton, La., May 1, '64.
Ashwood, Miss., June 25, '64.
Ashwood Landing, La., May 1 to 4, '64
Assault on Fort Wagner, S. O, July 10
and 11, '63.
Atchafalaya, La., Sept. 9 and 10, '63.
Atchafalaya River, La., Sept. 7, '63;
July 28, '64.
Athens, Ala., Jan. 25, Sept. 23, Oct. 1
and 2, '64.
Athens, Ky., Feb. 23, '63.
Athens, Mo. Aug. 5, '61
Athens Ranch, Col.. Aug. 22, '64.
Atlanta, seige of, Ga., July 21 to Sept.
2, '64.
Atlee's, Va., March 1, '64.
Auburn, Ga., July 18, '64.
Auburn, Va., Oct. 14, '63.
Augusta, Ark., April 1 and Sept. 2, '64.
Augusta, Ky., Sept. 27, '62.
Austin, Ark., Aug. 31, '63.
Austin, Miss,, Aug. 2, 1862.
Averysboro, N. O, March 15, 16, '65.
Avoyelle's Prairie, La., May 14-16, '64.
B
Bachelor's Creek, N. C, Nov. 11, '62;
May 23, '63; Feb. 1 to 3, '64.
Bacon Creek, Ky. , Dec. 26, '62.
Bad Lands, D. T„ Aug. 8, '64.
Bagdad, Ky., Dec. 12, '61.
Baker's Creek, Miss., May 16, '63; Feb.
5, '64.
Baker's Springs, Ark., Jan. 24, 25, '64.
Baldwin, Miss., June 9 and Oct 2, '62.
Baldwin's Ferry, Miss., May 13, '63.
Ball's Bluff, Va., Oct. 21, '61.
Ball's Crossroads, Va., Aug. 27, '61.
Ball's Ferry, Ga., Nov. 24 and 25, '64.
Ball's Mills, Mo., Aug. 28 and 29, '61.
Baltimore, street of, Md., April 19, '61.
Baltimore Crossroads, Va. June 26 and
July 2, '63.
Barber's Crossroads, Va., Nov. 5, '62;
Sept. 1, '63.
Barber's Place, Fla., Feb. 9 and 10, '64.
Barboursville, W. Va., July 12 and Sept.
18, '61.

Bardstown, Ky., Oct. 4, '62.
Barnett's Ford, Va., Feb. 7, '64.
Barnwell's Island, S. O, Nov. 24, '63.
Barrancas, Fla., July 22 '64.
Barren Fork, I. T., Dec. 19, '63.
Bartlett's Mills, Va., Nov. 27, '63.
Barton Station, Miss., April 16 and Oct.
20, '63.
Bastin Mountain, Mo., Nov. 9, '62.
Batesville, Ark. , July 14, '62 ; Feb. 4 '63.
Bath, Va., Jan 4, '62; Sept. 8, '63,
Baton Rouge, La., Aug. 5, '62; Sept. 8,
'63; Mar. 8, May 3, June 16, '64.
Battery Huger, Va., April 18, '63.
Battle Creek, Tenn., June 21, '62.
Baxter's Springs, Ark., Oct. 6, '63.
Bayle's Crossroads, La., Oct. 12, '61.
Baylor's Farm, Va., June 15, '64.
Bayou Barnard, I. T., July 28, '62.
Bayou Biddell, La., Oct. 15, '64.
Bayou Boeuff, La., Dec. 13, '63; May
7, '64.
Bayou Bontecom, La., Nov. 21, '62.
Bayou Bordeaux, La., Nov. 3, '63.
Bayou Cache, Ark. , July 7, '62.
Bayou De Glaize, La., May 18, '64.
Bayou De Mora, La., May 12, '64.
Bayou De View, Ark., July 7, '62.
Bayou La Fourche, La., Nov. 19, '64.
Bayou La Mourie, La., May 7, '64.
Bayou Macon, La., May 10, '63.
Bayou Mason, Miss., July — , '64.
Bayou Metoe, Ark., Aug. 27, Sept. 1, '63.
Bayou Pierre, Miss., May 2, '63.
Bayou Rapids, La., March 21, '64.
Bayou Roberts, La., May 8, '64,
Bayou Sara, Miss., Nov. 9, '63.
Bayou Saint Louis, Miss., Nov. 17, '63.
Bayou Teche, La., Nov. 3, '62; Jan, 14,
'63.
Bayou Tensas, La., June 30 and Aug.
10, '63; July 30 and Aug. 26, '64.
Bayou Tunica, La., Nov. 9, '63.
Bay Springs, Miss., Oct. 26, '63.
Beachtown, Ga., July 22, '64,
Bealington, W. Va., July 8, '61.
Bealton, Va., Oct. 24, '63; Jan. 14, '64.
Bean's Station, Tenn., Dec. 9, '62; Dec
10 and 14, '63.
Bear Creek, Ala., April 17, Oct. 26, '63.
Bear Creek, Mo., Feb. 5, '63.
Bear Creek, Miss., Oct. 27, '63.
Bear Creek Station, Ga., Nov. 16, '64.
Bear River, W. T. Jan. 29, '63.
Bear- Skin Lake, Mo., Sept. 7, '63.
Bear Wallow, Ky., Dec. 25, '62.
Beaver Creek, Ky., June 27, '63.

Beaver Creek, Mo., Nov. 24, '62.
Beaver-Dam Lake, Miss., May 24, '63.
Beaver-Dam Station, Va., May 9, '64.
Beckwith Farm, Mo., Oct. 13, '61.
Beech Creek, W. Va., Aug. 6, '62.
Beech Grove, Ky., Jan. 19 and 20, '62.
Beech Grove, Tenn. , Jn ne 25, '63.
Beersheba Springs, Term., Nov. 26, '63;
March 20, '64.
Belter's Mills, Va., Sept. 2, '61.
Belcher's Mills, Va., May 16 and Sept.
17, '64.
Bellefield, Va., Dec. 9, '64.
Belmont, Mo., Nov. 7, '61.
Bennett's Mills, Mo., Sept. 1, '61.
Benton, Miss., May 7, '64.
Bentonville, Ark., March 6, '62; Feb.
20 and Aug. 15, '63.
Bentonville, Mo., Feb. 19, '62; May 22,
'63.
Bentonsvffle, N. C, March 18 to 21, '65.
Bent's Old Fort, Texas Nov. 24, '64.
Bermuda Hundred, Va., May 4 and 16
to 30, June 2, Aug. 24 and 25, Nov.
30 to Dec. 4 and Dec. 13, '64.
Berry's Ferry, Va., May 16, '63.
Berryville, Va., Dec. 1, '62; June 6, 12,
Oct. 18, '63 ; Aug. 22, Sept. 3 and
4, '64; April 17, '65.
Berryville Pike, Va., Aug. 10, '64.
Bertrand, Mo., Dec. 11, '61.
Berwick, La., April 26, 64.
Berwick City, La., March 13, '63.
Bethesda Church, Va., May 30 to June
6, '64.
Bett's Farm, Mo., July 24, '62.
Beverly W. Va., July 12, '61; April 24
and July 2, '63; Oct. 29, '64; Jan.
11, '65.
Beverly Ford, Va., Jnne 9, Oct. 22, '63.
Bidnella Crossroads, Va., March 1, '65.
Big Beaver Creek, Mo., Nov. 7, '62.
Big Bethel, Va., April 4, '62.
Big Black River, Miss., May 3 and 17,
July 4 and 5, and Oct. 13, '63; Feb
4, '64.
Big Black River Bridge, Miss., Aug. 12
and Sept. 11, '63; Nov. 27, '64.
Big Blue, Mo., Oct. 23 and 31, '64.
Big Creek, Ark., July 10, '63; July 26,
'64.
Big Creek, Mo., Sept. 9, '62.
Big Creek Gap, Tenn., Sept. 4, '62.
Big Hatchie River, Miss., Oct. 5, 62.
Big Hill, Ky., Aug. 23, '62.
Big Hill Road, Ky., Oct. 23, '62.
Big Hurricane Creek, Mo., Oct. 19, 61.

Big Indian Creek, Ark., May 27, '62.
Big Indian Creek, Mo., May 26, '62.
Big Mound, D. T., July 24, '63.
Big North Fork Creek, Mo., June 16,
'64.
Big Pigeon River, Tenn., Nov. 5. 6, '64.
Big Pine Creek, Cal., April 10, '63.
Big Piney, Mo., July 25 and 26, '62.
Big River Bridge, Mo., Oct. 15, '61.
Big Sandv, Col., Nov. 29, '64.
Big Sewell, W. Va., Dec. 12, '63
Big Shanty, Ga., June 6, Sept. 2, Oct. 3,
'64.
Big Spings, Ky., Jan. — , '65.
Binniker's Bridge, S. O, Feb. 9, '65.
Birch Coolie, Minn., Sept. 2 and 3, '62.
Bird Song Ferry, Miss., June 18, and
July 4 and 5, '63.
Bird's Point, Mo., Aug 19, '61.
Birmingham, Miss., April 24, '63.
Bisland, La., April 12 to 14, '63.
Black Bayou, Miss., April 10, '63; Mar.
19, '64.
Blackburn's Ford, Va., July 18, '61;
Sept. 19, '62; Oct. 15, '63.
Black Canon, A. T., May 6, '65.
Black Creek, Fla., July 27, '64.
Blackford's Ford, Va., Sept. 20, '62.
Black-Jack Forest, Tenn., March 16, '62.
Blackland, Miss., June 4. '62.
Black River, La., Nov. 1, '64.
Black River, Miss., July 1 and 2, '63.
Black River, Mo., Sept. 12, '61; July 8,
'62 ; Sept. 17 to 20, '64.
Black Run, Mo., July 8, '62.
Blackville, S. O, Feb. 11, '65.
Black Walnut Creek, Mo., Nov. 29, '61.
Black Warrior Creek, Ala., May 1, '63.
Black Water, Mo., Dec. 19, '61; Oct. 12,
'63; Sept. 23, '64.
Blackwater, Va., Sept. 28 and Oct. 24,
'62 ; March 17, '63.
Blain's Crossroads, Tenn., Dec. 16, '63.
Block House, No. 4, Tenn., Aug.—, '64.
Block House, No. 5, Tenn., Aug. 31, '64.
Block House, No. 2, Tenn., Dec. 2 and
3, '64.
Block House, No. 7, Tenn., Dec. 4, '64.
Bloomfield, Mo., May 11, July 29, Aug.
25 and 29, Sept. 11 to 13, '62; Mar.
1, April 29 and 30, and May 12, '63.
Bloomfield, Va., Nov. 2, '62.
Blooming Gap, Va., Feb. 13, '62.
Blount's Farm, Ala., May 2, '63.
Blount's Mills, N. O, April 9, '63.
Blountsville, Tenn., Sep. 22, Oct. 13, '63

Blue Gap, Va., Jan. 7, '62.
Blue Island, Ind., June 19, '63.
Blue Mills, Mo., July 24, 61.
Blue Mills Landing, Mo. , Sept. 17, '61.
Blue River, Mo., June 18, '63.
Blue Springs, Mo., March 22, '63.
Blue Springs, Tenn., Oct. 10, '63.
Bluff Springs, Ala., March 27, '65.
Bluffton, S. C, June 4, '63.
Bob's Creek, Mo., March 7, '62.
Bogg's Mills, Ark., Jan. 24, '65.
Bogler's Creek, Ala., April 1, '65.
Bole's Farm, Mo., July 23, '62.
Bollinger County, Mo.. Jan. 14, '64.
Bolivar, Miss., Aug. 25 and Sept. 19,
'62; May 3, '64.
Bolivar, Tenn., Aug. 30 and Sept. 21,
'62 ; Feb. 13, March 9 and Dec. 24
and 25, '63 ; Feb. 6, March 29, and
May 3, '64.
Bolivar. Va., July 4 to 7, '64.
Bolivar Heights, Va., Oct. 16, '61.
Bolinger's Mills, Mo., July 29, '62.
Bolton, Miss., July 4 and 5, '63.
Bolton's Depot, Miss., July 16, '63; Feb.
4, '64.
Bone Yard, Tenn., Feb. 10, '63.
Bonfonca, La., Nov. 26, '63.
Boone, N. C, April 1, '65,
Boone Court House, W. Va., Sept. 1,'61.
Booneville, Mo., June 17 and Sept. 13,
'61; Oct. 12, 13, '63; Oct. 9-11, '64.
Boonsboro, Ark., Nov. 7 and 28, '62.
Boonsboro, Md., Sept. 15, '62; July 7
to 9, '63.
Boonville, Miss., May 30 and July 1, '62.
Boston Mountain, Ark., Nov. 28 and
Dec. 4 to 6, '62.
Bottom's Bridge, Va., July 2 and Aug.
28, '63.
Bowling Green, Ky., Feb. 1 and 15, '62.
Boyd's Station, Ala., March 18, '65.
Boyd's Station, Nev., June 3, '65.
Boyton Road, Va., Oct. 27 and 28, '64;
March 31, '65.
Boyken's Mills, S. O, April 18, '64;
April 18, '65,
Bradford's Springs, S. C, April 18, '65.
Brady ville, Tenn., March 1 and May 16,
'63.
Branchville, Ark., Jan. 17 and 19, '64.
Brandenburg, Ky., July 8, '63.
Brandon, Miss., July 13 to 20, '63.
Brandon Station, Miss., July 19, '63.
Brandy Station, Va., Aug. 20, '62; June
9, Aug. 1 to 3, Sept 6, Nov. 8, '63.

Brashear City, La., March 18 and June
23, '63.
Brawley Fork, Term., March 25, '65
Brazil Creek, I. T., Oct. 11, '63.
Brazos de Santiago, Texas, Nov. 2, '63.
Brentsville, Va., Feb., 14, '63; Feb. 14,
'64.
Brentville, Tenn., Dec. 9, '62.
Brentwood, Tenn., March 25, '63; Dec.
15 and 16, '64.
Brewer's Lane, Ark. , Sept. 11, '64.
Briar, Mo., March 26, '62.
Brice's Crossroads, Miss., June 10 '64.
Bridgeport, Ala., April 29, '62.
Bridgeport Ferry, Miss., July 1, 2, '63.
Brier Creek, Ga., Dec. 4, '64.
Briggen Creek, S. O, Feb. 25, '65.
Brimstone Creek, Tenn., Sept. 10, '63.
Bristoe Station, Va., Oct. 14, '63; April
15, '64.
Bristol, Tenn., Sept. .21, '63 ; Dee. 14, '64.
Britton's Lane, Tenn. , Sept. 1, '62.
Broad River, S. O, April 8, '63.
Broad Run, Va., April 1, '63.
Brooklyn, Kan., A„g. 21, '63.
Brook's Turnpike, Va., March 1, '64.
Browne's Crossroads, Ga. , Nov. 27 to 29,
'64.
Brown's Ferry, Tenn., Oct. 27, '63.
Brown's Gap, Va., Sept. 26, '64.
Brown's Springs, Mo., July 27, '62.
Brownsville, Ark., July 25, Aug. 25,
Sept. 14 and 16, '63; Aug. 25 and
Oct. 30, '64.
Brownsville, Miss,, June 18 and Oct. 15
to 23, '63 ; Sept. 28, '64.
Brownsville, Tenn , July 25 and 29, '62.
Brunswick, Mo., Aug. 17, '61.
Bryant's Plantation, Fla., Oct. 21, '64.
Buchanan, Va. , June 14, '64.
Buckhannon, W. Va. , July 6, 1861.
Do. July 26, 62.
Buckhead Creek, Ga., Nov. 27, 29, '64.
Buckland Mills, Va., Oct. 19, '63.
Buckstone Station, Va., May 23, '62.
Buffalo, W. Va., Sept. 27, '62.
Buffalo Creek, Ga., Nov. 26, '64.
Buffalo Gap, W. Va., June 6, '64.
Buffalo Hill, Ky., Oct. 4, '61.
Buffalo Mills, Mo., Oct. 22, '61.
Buffalo Mountain, Va., Dec. 13, '61.
Buffington Island, Ohio, July 19, '63
Buford's Gap, Va., June 21, '64.
Buford 's Station, Tenn., Dec. 23, '64.
Bull Bayou, Ark., Aug. 26, '64.
Bull Creek, Ark., Aug. 6 and 27, '64.

Bull Pasture Mountain, Va., May 8, '62.
Bull Run, Va., July 21, '61; Aug. 30, '62
Bull Run Bridge, Va. Aug, 27, '62.
Bull's Gap, Tenn, Sept. 24, Nov. 13, '64.
Bulltown, Va. , Oct 13, '63.
Bunker Hill, Va., July 17, '61.
Burkesville, Ky., July 2, '63.
Burke's Station, Va., Mar. 10, '62.
Burned Church, Ga., May 26, '64.
Burnt Hickory, Ga., May 24 to June 4,
July 4 and 5, '64.
Burnt Ordinary, Va., Jan. 19, '63.
Burton's Ford, Va., March 1, '64.
Bushy Creek, Ark., Dec. 8, '61/
Bushy Creek, Mo., May 28, '63.
Butler, Mo., Nov. 20, '61, May 15, 26,
Oct. 29, '62.
Butler's Bridge, N. C„ Dec. 12, '64.
Butler's Creek, Tenn., Nov. 22, '64
Buzzard Roost, Ga., Feb. 25 to 27, '64.
Buzzard Roost Block House, Ga , Oct.
13, '64.
Buzzard Roost Gap, Ga., May 8, '64.
Byhalia, Miss., Oct. 12, '63.

Cabin Creek, I. T , July 1, 2, 5 and 20,
'63 ; Sept. 19 and Nov. 4, '64.
Cabin Point, Va., Aug. 5, '64.
Cabletown, Va., March 10, '64.
Cacapon Bridge, Va., Sept. 6, '62.
Cache River, Ark., April 22, '64.
Cache River Bridge, Ark., May 28, '62.
Caddo Gap, Ark., Dec. 4. '63; Jan 26
and Feb. 12 and 16, 64
Caddo Mountains, Ark., Feb. 12, '64.
Cahawba River, Ga. , April 8, '65.
Cainsville, Tenn., Feb. 15, '63.
Cajou DeArivaypo, N. Mex., May 7, '63.
Calf Killer Creek, Tenn., Feb. 23, '64.
Calf Killer River, Tenn., March. 18, '64
Calhoun, Mo., Jan. 4, '62.
Calhoun, Tenn., Sept. 26, '63.
Calhoun Station, La., May 18, '64.
California, Mo., Oct. 9 and 10, '64.
California House, Mo., Oct. 18, '62.
Cambridge, Mo., Sept. 26, '62.
Camden, Ark., April 2, 15, 16, 18 and
24, '64.
Camden, N. C, April 19, '62.
Camden Point, Mo., July 13, '64.
Cameron, Mo., Oct. 12, '61.
Cameron, Va., Jan. 27, '64.
Camp Alleghany, W. Va., Dec. 13, '61.
Camp Babcock, Ark., Nov. 22, '62.

Campbell's Station, Tenn., Nov. 16, '63.
Campbellton, Ga., July, 28, '64.
Campbell ville, Tenu., Sept. 5, Nov. 24,
and Dec. 24, '64.
Camp Cole, Mo., June 18, '51.
Camp Crittenden, Mo., Sept. 22, '61.
Camp Jackson, Mo., May 10, '61.
Camp Marengo, La., Sept. 14, '64.
Camp Moore, La., May 15, '63.
Campti, La., March 26 and April 4, '61.
Camp Verdigris, I. T., Sept. 2, '64.
Canadian River, I. T., Aug. 21, '64.
Cane Creek, Ala., Oct. 26, '63; June 10,
'64.
Cane Hill, Ark., Nov. 28 and Dec. 20,
'62 ; Jan. 2, '63.
Cane River, La., April 24, '64.
, Cane River Crossing, La., April 23, '64.
Canon De Chelly, Jan. — , '64.
Canton, Ky., Aug. 22, '64.
Canton, Miss., July 11 to 18, Sept. 28
and Oct. 15, '63; Feb. 24 to March
2, '64.
Cape Girardeau, Mo., April 26, '63; Feb.
5, '64.
Capture of Fort Hell, Va., Sept. 10, '64.
Capture of Rebel Ram Fair Play, La.,
Aug. 18, 62.
Capture of tug Columbia, Fla., May 23,
'64.
Carnifax Ferry, Va., Sept. 10, '61.
Carrick's Ford, W. Va., July 15, '61.
Carrion Crow Bayou, La. , Nov. 3 and
18, '63.
Carroll County, Ark., April 4. '63.
Oarrollton, Ark., March — , '63.
Carrollton Store, Va. , March 13, '64.
Carsville, Va., Oct. 15, '62; Jan. 30, May
15 to 18, '63.
Carter's Creek, Tenn., April 27, '63.
Carter's Farm, Va., July 20, 64.
Carter's Station, Ark., Sept. 27, '64.
Carter's Station, Tenn., Dec. 20, '62.
Sept. 22, '63; April 25 and 26, '64.
Carthage, Ark., Nov. 27, '62.
Carthage, La., Jan. 23, '63.
Carthage, Mo., July 5, '61; March 23,
'62; Jan. 13, May 16 and 24, June
27 and 28 and Oct. 26, '63 ; Sept. 22
and Oct. 26, '64.
Cass County, Mo., Nov. 3, '62.
Cassville, Ga., May 19 to 22, '64.
Cassville, Mo., Sept. 21, '62.
Cassville Station, Ga., May 25, '64.
Castor River, Mo., April 29, '63.
Catawba River, N. O, April 19, 65.
Catlett's Station, Va., Aug. 21 and 22

and Oct. 24, '62 ; Jan. 10, '63.
Cedar Bluffs, Colo., May 3, '64.
Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, '64.
Cedar Fork, U. T., April 2, 63.
Cedar Keys, Fla., Feb. 16, 65.
Cedar Mountain, Va., Aug. 9, '62.
Cedar Run, Va., Aug. 9, '62.
Cedar Run Church, Va., Oct. 17, '64.
Cedar Springs, Va., Nov. 12, '64.
Celina, Ky., April 20, '63.
Celma, Tenn., Dec. 7, '63.
Centralia, Mo., Sept. 27, '64.
Centre Creek, Mo., Feb. 20, '65.
Centreville, Ala., April 1, '65.
Centreville, La., April 13, '63.
Centreville, Tenn., Nov. 3, '63; Sept.
29, '64.
Chackahoola Station, La., June 24, '63.
Chalk Bluffs, Axk., May 15, '62; March
15, April 1 and 30, and May 1, '63.
Chambersburg, Pa., July 30, '64.
Champion Hill, Miss., May 16, '63; Feb.
4, '64.
Chancellorsville, Va. , May 1 to 5, '63.
Chantilly, Va., Sept. 1, '62.
Chapel's Hill, Tenn., March 2 and 4, 'C3
Chapin's Farm, Va., Sept. 29 and 30,
and Nov. 4, '64.
Chaplin Hills, Ky., Oct. 8, '62.
Chapmansville, W. Va., Sept. 25, '61.
Chariton Bridge, Mo., Aug. 3, '62.
Chariton River. Mo., Aug. 9, '62.
Charles City Crossroads, Va., June 30,
'62; Nov. 16, '63; Oct. 1, '64.
Charleston, Ills., March 28, '64.
Charleston, Mo., Jan. 8, '62.
Chrrleston, S. O, Feb. 18, '65.
Charleston, Tenn., Dec. 28. '63.
Charleston, Va., Oct. 6 and 16 and Dec.
1, '62.
Charlestown, Mo., Aug. 19, '61.
Charlestown, W. Va., May 28 and Sept.
12, '62 ; Oct. 8 and 18, '63 ; June 27,
'64.
Chattahoochie River, Ga., July 3 to 12,
'64.
Chattanooga, Tenn. , Aug. 21 and Nov.
23 to 25, '63 ; Feb. — . '65.
Cheat Mountain, W. Va., Sept. 12 and
13, '61.
Cheek's Crossroads, Tenn., Mar. 14, '64.
Cheese Cake Church, Va., May 4, '62.
Cheraw, S. C, March 2 and 3, '65.
Cherokee Nation, I. T., Jan. 18, '63.
Cherokee Station, Ala., April 17 and Oct.
21 and 29, '63.,
Cherry Creek, Miss. July 10, '63.

Cherry Grove, Mo., June 26, '62.
Cherry Grove, Va., April 14, '64.
Chesterfield, S. C, March 2, '65.
Chester Gap, Va., Nov. 5, '62; and July
21 and 22, '63.
Chester Station, Va., Nov. 17, '64.
Chewa Station, Ga., July 18, 64.
Chickahominy, Va., May 24, June 27, '62
Chickamicomico, N. O, Oct. 5, '61.
Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19 to 23, '63.
Chickamauga Station, Ga. , Nov. 26, '63.
Chickasaw Bayou, Miss. , Dec. 28 and 29,
'62.
Chickasaw Bluffs, Miss, Dec. 29, '62.
Childsburg, Va., May 9, '64.
Chippewa, Steamer, Ark., Feb. 17, '65.
Choctaw Nation, I. T. , Oct. 7, and Nov.
9, '63
Christmas Prairie, Cal., Dec. 26, '63.
Chulahoma, Miss., Nov. 30, '62.
Chunky Station, Miss., Feb. 12, '64.
Church -in-the-Woods, Va., Aug. 6, '62.
City Belle Steamer, La., May 3, '64.
City Point, Va., May 6 and June — , '64
Civiques Ferry, La., May 10, '63.
Clarendon. Ark., Aug. 13, '62; March 15,
June 25 to 30, and July 14, '64.
Clarendon Road, Ark., Jan. 15, '63.
Clarke's Hollow, W. Va., May 1, '62.
Clarke's Neck, Ky., Aug. 27, '63.
Clarkson, Mo., Oct. 28, '62.
Clarksville, Ark., Oct. 28, Nov. 8 and 24,
'63; May 18 and Sept. 28, '64; Jan.
18, '65.
Clarksville, Tenn., Aug. 19 and Sept 7,
'62.
Clay County, Mo. , July 4, 64.
Claysville, Ala., March 14, 64.
Clayton, Ala., March 14, 64.
Clear Creek, Ark., Aug; 19, '62; Feb. 11,
'65.
Clear Creek, Mo., Aug. 2, '62; May 16,
'64.
Clear Fork, Nev., Aug. 29, '65.
Clear Lake, Ark., March 11, '65.
Clear Springs, Md., July 29, '64.
Clendenin's raid, Va., May 20 to 28, '63.
Cleveland, Tenn., Nov. 27 and Dec. 22,
'63 ; Apr. 2 and 13 and Aug. 17, '64.
Clinch Mountain, Tenn., Dec. 6, '63.
Clinton, Ga., Nov. 22, '64.
Clinton, La., Dec. 28, '62; June 4, '63;
May 1, Aug. 25, and Nov. 15, '64;
March — , '65.
Clinton, Miss., July 8 and 16, Oct. 17,
'63 ; Feb. 5, and July 4 and 7, '64.
Clinton, Mo. , July 9, '62.

Clinton, N. O, May 19, '62.
Cloutersville, La., April 23 and 24, '64.
Clover Hill, Va., April 8 and 9, '65.
Cloyd's Mountain, Va,, May 9 and 10, '64
Coahoma County, Miss., Aug. 2, '62.
Cochran's Crossroads, Miss., Sept. 10, '62
Coffeeville, Miss., Dec. 5, '62.
Cold Harbor, Va., June 27, '62; May 31
to June 12, '64.
Cold Knob Mountain, Va., Nov. 26, "62.
Coldwater, Miss., May 11, July 24, Nov.
8 and 9 and Sept. 10, '62; Feb. 19,
April 19, July 28 and Aug. 21, '63.
Coldwater Creek, Miss., Sept. 8 and 11,
'62.
Coldwater Grove., Mo, Oct. 24, '64.
Coldwater, Tenn., April 19, '63.
Coldwater Station, Miss., Nov 29, '62.
Coldwater Station, Tenn. , March 17, '63.
Cole Camp, Mo., Oct. 5, '62; June 8, '63
Cole County, Mo., Oct. 6, '64.
Cole Creek, Miss., Oct. 4, '64.
Coleman's, Miss., March 5, '64.
Coleman's Plantation, Miss., July 4 and
5, '64.
College HiU, Miss., Aug. 21 and 22, '64.
Colliersville, Miss., June 23, '64.
CoUiersville, Tenn., Oct. 11, 25, Nov.
3, Dec. 27 and 28, '63.
Columbia, Ark., June 2, '64.
Columbia, Ky., July 3, '63.
Columbia, La., Feb. 4 and June 6, '64.
Columbia, S. O, Feb. 15 to 18, '65.
Columbia, Tenn., Sept. 9, '62; Nov. 24
to 29 and Dec. 19, '64.
Columbus, Ga., April 16, 65.
Columbus, Mo., Jan. 9 and July 23, '62.
Combahee River, S. C, Jan. 25, '65.
Comfort, N. O, July 6, '63.
Como, Miss., Oct. 7, '63.
Como, Tenn., Sept. 19, '63.
Concha's Springs, N. Mex. , June 22, '63
Concordia Bayou, La. , Aug. 5, '64.
Conee Creek, La., Aug, 25, '64.
Congaree Creek, S. O, Feb. 15, '65.
Construction Train, Tenn. , Jan 25, '63.
Convalescent Correl, Miss. , July 7, '63.
Conyersville, Tenn., Sept. 5, '63.
Cook's Canon, Nev., July 24, '63.
Coon Creek, Mo., Aug. 24, '62.
Coosa Creek, Ala., April 1, '65.
Coosa River, Ala., July 13, '64.
Coosa River, Ga., Oct. 25, '64.
Coosaw River, S. C, Dec. 4, '64.
Corinth, Miss., April 30 to May 30, Oct.
3 and 4, '62; Aug, 16, '63; June 10,
'64.

Corydon, Ind., July 9, '63.
Cottage Grove, Teiin., March 21, '63.
Cotton Gap, Ark., Sept. 1, '63.
Cotton Hill, W. Va., Sept. 11, '62.
Cotton Plant, Ark. , July 7, '62 ; April 21,
'64.
Courtland, Ala., July 25 and 27, '64.
Courtland, Tenn., Aug. 22, '62.
Courtland Bridge, Ala., July 25, '62.
Courtney's Plantation, Miss., April 11,
'63.
Cove Creek, Ark., Nov. 18, '62.
Cove Mountain, Va., May 8 and 10, '64.
Covington, Tenn., March 10, '63.
Cow Creek, Kan., Nov. 14 to 28, '64;
June 12, '65.
Cowskin Creek, Mo., Aug. 5 and 7, '64.
Coxe's Bridge, N. O, March 24, '65.
Coyle Tavern, Va. , Aug. 24, '63.
Crab Orchard, Ky., Aug. 22, '62.
Craig's Meeting House, Va., May 5, '64.
Crampton's Ferry, Mo., Aug. 11, '62.
Crampton's Gap, Md., Sept. 14, '62.
Crane Creek, Mo., Oct. 29 and 30, '64.
Crawford County, Ark., Aug. 11, '64.
Crawford County, Mo., Nov. 25, '62.
Creek Agency, I. T., Oct. 15 and 25, 63.
Creelborough, Ky., Dec. 7, '63.
Crew's Farm, Va., July 1, '62.
Cripple Creek, Tenn., May 16, '63.
Crooked Creek, Mo., Aug. 24, '62.
Crooked River, Ore., May 18, '64.
Crooked Run., Va., Aug. 16, '64.
Crooked Bayou, La., Sept. 14, '63.
Cross Hollow, Ark., Oct. 18 and 28, '62.
Cross Keys, Va., June 8, '62.
Cross Lanes, W. Va., Aug. 26, 61.
Cross Timbers, Mo., July 28, '62; Oct.
16, '63.
Croton Springs, A. T., July 14, '65.
Crump's Hill, La., April 2, '64-
Crump's Landing. Tenn., April 4. '62.
Culpeper, Va., Sept. 13 and Oct. 12
and 13, '63.
Culp's House, Ga., June 22, '64.
Cumberland, Md., Aug. 1, 64.
Cumberland Gap, Tenn., June 18, '62;
and Sept. 9, '63 ; Jan. 29 and Feb.
22, '64.
Cumberland Iron-Works, Tenn., Aug.
26, '62 ; Feb. 3, '63.
Cumberland Mountain, Tenn., April 28,
'62.
Cuyler's Plantation, Ga., Dec. 9, '64.
Cynthiana, Ky., July 17, '62; June 10
and 11, '64.
Cypress Bridge, Ky., Nov. 17, '61.

Dabney's Mills, Va., Feb. 5 to 7, '65.
Dallas, Ark., Jan. 28, '64.
Dallas, Ga., May 25 to June 5, '64.
Dallas, Mo., Sept. 2, '61; Aug. 24, '62.
Dallas County, Mo., Sept. 18, '64.
Dallas, N. C, April 19, '65.
Dalton, Ga., May 9, Aug. 14 to 16, and
Oct. 13, '64.
Dam No. 4, Potomac, Va., Dec. 11, '61.
Dandridge, Tenn., Jan. 16 and 17, '64.
Danville, Ark., March 28, '64.
Danville, Ky., Aug. 26, '62; Mar. 24, '63-
Danville, Miss., June 6, '64.
Darbytown Road, Va., Oct. 7 and 13,
'64.
Dardanelle, Ark., Sept. 9 and 12, '63;
May 10 and Nov. 29, '64; Jan. 14,
'65.
Darksville, Va., July 19 and Sept. 3, '64.
Darnestown, Va., Sept. 15, '61.
Davis Bend, La., June 2 and 29, '64.
Davis's Crossroads, Ga., Sept. 11, '63.
Davis's Mills, Miss., Dec. 21, '62; March
14, '63.
Day's Gap, Ala., April 30, '63.
Dayton, Ark., Dec. 23, '61.
Dayton, Mo., April 27, '64.
Dead Buffalo Lake, D. T., July 26, '63.
Deatonsville, Va., April 6, '65.
Decatur, Ala., Mar. 7, Apr. 17, May 26
and 27, Aug. 18, Oct. 26 to 29, Dec.
27 and 28, '64.
Decatur, Ga. , July 22 and Aug. 5, '64.
Decatur, Miss., Feb. 12, '64.
Decatur, Tenn., Aug. 18, '64.
Deep Bottom, Va., July 21, 27 and 28,
Aug. 14 to 19, Sept. 2 and 6, and
Oct. 1 and 31, '64.
Deep Creek, N. C, Feb. 5, '64.
Deep River Bridge, N. C, April 4, '65.
Deep Water Creek, Mo., Oct. 15, '63.
Deer Creek, Miss., Feb. 23, March 21,
April 8 and 12, '63.
Deer Creek, D. T., May 21, '65.
Denver, Kan., Sept. 7, '64.
Des Allemands, La., Sept. 9, '62.
Des Ares, Ark., Jan. 16, '63; July 26
and Dee. 6, '64.
Deserted House, Va., Jan. 30, '63.
Devaux Neck, S. O, Dec. 6 to 9, '64.
Devil's Back-bone, Ark., Sept. 1, 63.
Diamond Grove, Mo., April 14, '62:
June 3, Aug. 21, '64.
Dickson Station, Ala., April 19 and 23,
and Oct. 20, '63.
Dinwiddie C. H., Va., March 31 '65.

Ditch Bayou, La., June 6, '64.
Dobbin's Ferry, Tenn., Dec. 9, '62.
Donaldsonville, La., June 28 and July
13, '63; Feb 8 and Aug. 5, '64.
Doniphan, Mo., Sept. 17 to 20, '64.
Doubtful Canon, A. T., May 4, '64.
Douglas Landing, Ark., Feb. 22, '65.
Dover, Mo., Oct. 20, '64.
Dover, Tenn., Feb. 14 to 16, '62.
Dover Road, N. O, April 28, '63.
Downer's Bridge, Va., May 20, '64.
Drainesville, Va., Nov. 26 and Dec. 20,
'61; Feb. 22, '64.
Draft Riots, N. Y. City, July 13 to 15.
'63.
Dresden, Ky., May 5, '62.
Dresden, Tenn., May 5, '62.
Dripping Springs, Ark., Dec. 28 and 29,
'62.
Droop Mountain, Va., Nov. 6, '63.
Drury's Bluff, Va., May 10 to 16 and 20,
'64.
Dry Creek, Va., Aug. 29, '63.
Dry Fork Creek, Mo., July 5, '61.
Dry Forks, Mo., July 5, '61.
Dry Forks, W. Va., Jan. 8, '62.
Dry Wood, Mo., Sept. 2, '61; Nov. 9 '62;
Oct. 29, '64.
Duck Creek, S. C, Feb. — , '65.
Duck River Island, Tenn. , April 26, '63.
Dug Gap, Ga., Sept. 11, '63; May 6, '64.
Dug Springs, Mo., Aug. 2, 61.
Dukedom, Ky., Feb. 28, '64.
Dumfries, Va., Dec. 27, '62.
Dunbar's Plantation, La., April 15, '63.
Dunksburg, Mo., Dec. 4, '61.
Dunn's Bayou, La., May 5, '64.
Dunn's Lake, Fla., Feb. 5, '65.
Durhamville, Tenn., Sept. 17, '62.
Dutch Gap, Va., Aug. 5, '63; Aug. 24,
Sept. 7 and Nov. 17, '64.
Dutch MiUs, Ark., April 14, '64.
Dutton's Hill, Ky., March 30, '63.
Duvall's Bluff, Ark., Jan. 16 and Dec.
12, '63 ; Aug. 21 and Sept. 6, '64.
Duvall's Mills, Va., Dec. 1, '64.
Dyersburg, Tenn., Jan. 30, '63.

EaglevUle, Tenn., March 2, '63.
East Pascagoula, Miss., AprU 9, '63.
East Point, Ga., Sept. 5, '64.
East Point, Miss., Oct. 10, '64.
Eastport, Miss, Oct. 10 and Nov. 11, '64.
. Ebenezer Creek, Ga., Dec. 7, '64.
Ebenezer Church, Ala. , April 1, '65.
_Eden Station, Ga., Dec. 7 to 9, '64.

Edgefield Junction, Tenn., Aug. 20, '62.
Edisto Island, S. O, April 18, '62.
Edward's Ferry, Md., July — , '61.
Edward's Ferry, Va., June 17 and Oct.
21, '61.
Edward's Station, Miss., May 16, '63.
Eel River, Cal., Mav 3, '63.
Egypt Station, Miss", Dec. 28, '64.
Elizabeth City, N. O, Feb. 10, '62.
Elizabethtown, Ark., Oct. 1, '63.
Elizabethtown, Ky., Dec. 27, '62; Dec.
16 and 24, '64.
Eliott's MiUs, Mo. , Sept. 22, '61.
Elk Creek, Nev., Aug. 15, '64.
Elk Fork, Ky., Dec. 28, '62.
Elkhorn Tavern, Ark., Mar. 8, Oct. 16,
'62.
Elkin's Ford, Ark., April 4 to 6, '64.
Elk River, Tenn., July 2 and 14, '63.
Elk Shute, Mo., Aug. 3 and 4. '64.
Elkton, Ky., Dec. 12, '64.
Elkton Station, Ala., May 9, '62.
Elkwater, W. Va., Sept. 11, '61.
Ellison's MiUs, Va., June 26, '62.
Ellistown, Miss., July 16 and 21, '64.
Eminence, Mo., June 17, '62.
Enterprise, Mo., Aug. 7, '64.
Eudoro Church, Ark., May 9, '64.
Evlington Heights, Va., July 3, '62.
Ezra Chapel, Ga., July 28, 64.
F
Fairburn, Ga., Aug. 18, '64.
Fairfax, Va., July 13, '62; June 27, '63.
Fairfax C. H., Va., June 1, '61; March
8, '63.
Fairfax Station, Va., Sept. 17, '64.
Fairfield, Pa., July 3 and 5, '63.
Fairfield, Tenn., June 29, '63.
Fair Gardens, Tenn., Jan. 27 and 28, '64.
Fairmount, W. Va., April 29, '63.
Fair Oaks, Va., May 31 and Juue 1, '62;
Oct. 27 and 28, '64.
Falling Waters, Md., July 2, '61; July
14, '63.
Fall of Petersburg, Va., April 2, '65.
Falmouth, Va., April 18, '62.
Farmington, Miss., May 3, 9, 26, 28, '62.
Farmville, Va., AprU 7, 65.
Farr's Mills, Ark., July 14, '64.
Fayette, Miss., Nov. 22 and Dec. 22, '63;
Oct. 3, '64.
Fayette, Mo., Oct. 7, '62; July 1, Sect.
24 and Nov. 18, '64.
Fayetteville, Ark., July 15, Oct. 24, 27
and 28 and Dee. 7, '62 ; April 18, '63 ;
May 19, June 24, Aug. 28 and Oct.
28, '64.

XI

Fayetteville, N. C, March 13, '65.
Fayetteville, Tenn., Nov. 1, '63.
Fayetteville, W. Va., Sept. 10 and Nov.
15, '62 ; May 17 to 20, '63.
Federal Point, N. C, Feb. 11, '65.
Ferry's Landing, Ark. , Sept. 7, '63.
Fiker's Ferry, Ala., AprU 8, '65.
Fillmore, Va., Oct. 4, '64.
Fish Bayou, La., June 5, '64.
Fish Creek, Nev., Jan. 22, '66.
Fisher's Hill, Va., Aug. 15, Sept. 22 and
Oct. 9, '64.
Fishing Creek, Ky., Jan. 19 and 20, '62;
May 25, '63.
Fish Springs, Tenn., Jan. 23, '63.
Fitzhugh's Crossing, Va., April 29 and
30, '63.
Fitzhugh's Woods, Ark., April 1, '64.
Five Forks, Va., April 1, '65.
Five-MUe Creek, Ala., March 31, '65.
Five Points, Va., Jan. 1, '64.
Flat-Lick Fords, Ky., Feb. 14, '62.
Flat Shoals, Ga., July 28, '64.
Flint Creek, Ark., March 6, '64.
Flint River, Ga., Sept. 1, '64.
Flock's Mills, Md., August 1, '64.
Florence, Ala., May 27, '63; Jan. 26,
April 13 and Oct. 6, '64.
Florence, Ky., Sept. 17, '62.
Florence, Mo., July 10, '63.
Florence, S. C, March 3, '65.
Florida, Mo., May 22 and July 22, '62.
Flowing Springs, Va., Aug. 21, '64.
Floyd, La. , July — , '64.
Floyd's Fork, Ky., Oct. 1, '62.
Forsyth, Mo., July 22, '61; Aug. 2, '62.
Fort Abercrombie, D. T., Sept. 3, 6, 23,
and 25, '62.
Fort Adams, La., Oct. 7, '64.
Fort Anderson, Ky., March 25, '64.
Fort Anderson, N. O, Feb. 18, '65.
Fort Bisland, La. , April 12, '63.
Fort Blair, Ark., Oct. 6, '63.
FortBlakely, Ala., Mar. 31 to Apr. 9, '65.
Fort Blunt, I. T., March 27 to June 19,
'63.
Fort Brady, Va., Jan. 24, '65.
Fort Brown Road, Tex., Dec. 14, '62.
Fort Burnham, Va., Dec. 10, '64; Jan.
24, '65.
Fort Cobb, I. T., Oct. 21, '62.
Fort Cottonwood, N. T., Aug. 28 and
Sept. 18, '64.
Fort Craig, N. Mex., Aug. 23 and Sept.
6, '61 ; Feb. 20 and May 23, '62.
Fort Darling. Va., May 12 to 16, '64.
Fort Davidson, Mo., Sept. 26 and 27, '64.

Fort De Russy, La., March 14, '64.
Fort Donelson, Tenn., Feb. 13 to 16,
and Aug. 25, '62, Feb. 3, '63, Oct.
11, '64.
Fort Esperanza, Texas, Nov. 30, '62,
Nov. 27 to 29, '03.
Fort Fillmore, N. Mex., July 27, '61,
Aug. 7, '62.
Fort Fisher, N. C, Dec. 25, '64, Jan.
13 to 15, '65.
Fort Gaines, Ala., Aug. 2 to 23, '64.
Fort Gibson, I. T, Oct. 15, '62, Feb.
28, May 20 and 25, Dec. 26, '63.
Sept. 16 and 18, '64, Sept. — . '65.
Fort Grant, A. T., Jan. 21, '66.
Fort Halleck, D. T., Feb. 20, '63, July
4, '65.
Fort Hatteras, N. O, Aug. 28, 29, '61.
Fort Hell, Va., Sept. 28, Nov. 5, '64.
Fort Henry, Tenn., Feb. 6, '62.
Fort Hill, Miss., June 25 and 28, '63.
Fort Hindman, Ark., Jan. 11, '63.
Fort Johnson, S. C, June 16, '62, July
2, '64.
Fort Jones, Ky., Feb. 18, '65.
Fort Kelly, W. Va., Nov. 28, '64.
FortLarned, Kans., May 22, '65.
Fort Leavenworth, Kans., Oct. 20 to 26,
'64.
Fort Lyons, I. T., Dec. 9, '64.
Fort Lyons, Va., June 9, 63.
Fort Macon, N. C, April 25, '62.
Fort McAllister, Ga., Dec. 13, '64.
FortMcCook, Ala., Aug. 27, '62.
Fort Morgan, Ala., Aug. 5 to 23, '64.
Fort Meyers, Fla., Feb. 20, '65.
Fort Pemberton, Miss., March 13 to-
April 5, '63.
Fort Pillow, Tenn., March 16 and Apr.
12, '64.
Fort Pocahontas, Va., Aug. — , '64.
Fort Pulaski, Ga., April 10, '62.
Fort Rice, D. T., Sept. 27, '64, July 28,
and 30, '65.
Fort Ridgely, Minn., Aug. 20 and 22, '62
Fort Sanders, Tenn., Nov. 29, '63.
Fort Scott, Kans., Sept. 1 and 3, '61.
Oct. 22 and 28, '64.
Fort Scott, Mo., Sept. 2, '61.
Fort Sedgwick, Va., Sept 28, Nov. 5, '64
Fort Smith, Ark., May 15, Aug. 31 and
Sept. 1, '63, July 29 and 31, Aug.
24 and 27, Sept. 1 and 11, and Dee.
24, '64.
Fort Steadman, Va., March 25, '65.
Fort Stevens, D. O, July 12, '64.
Fort Sumner, N. Mex., Jan. 4, '64.

Fort Sumter, S.' C, April 12 and 13, '61-
Fort Taylor, Fla., Aug. 21, '64.
Fort Taylor, Ga., April 16, '65.
Fort Wagner, S. O, July 10 to Sept. 6,
'63.
Forty Hills, Miss., May 3, '63.
Foster's Bridge, N. O, Dec. 10, '64.
Foster's expedition to Goldsborough, N.
C, Dec. 12 to 18, '62.
Fouch La Faix Mountain, Ark., Nov. 11,
'63.
Fourteen-Mile Creek, I. T., Oct. 30, '63.
Fourteen-Mile Creek, Miss., May 12,
'63.
Fox Creek, Mo., March 7, '62.
Frankfort, Ky., June 10, '64.
Frankfort, Va., Nov. 26, '62.
Franklin, La., May. 25, '63.
Franklin, Miss., Jan. 2, '65.
FrankUn, Mo., Oct. 13, '62; Oct. 1, '64.
Franklin, Tenn., Dec. 12, '62; Feb. 1,
March 9 and 25, AprU 10 and 27,
June 4, '63; Sept. 2 and Nov. 30,
and Dec. 17, '64.
Franklin, Va., Oct. 31 and Dec. 2, '62.
Franklin Creek, Miss., Dec. 18, '64.
Franklin's Crossing, Va., June 5, '63.
Frazier's Farm, Va., June 30, '62.
Frederick, Md., Sept. 12, '62.
Fredericksburgh, Mo., July 17, '64.
Fredericksburgh, Va., Nov. 9 and Dec.
11 to 16, '62.
Fredericksburgh Road, Va., May 16 to
20, '64,
Fredericktown, Mo., Oct. 17 to 21, '61.
Freeman's Ford, Va., Aug. 24, '62.
Fremont's Orchard, Col., April 12, '64.
French Broad, Tenn., Jan. 27, '64.
French Point, Mo., May 15, '63.
Frog Bayou, Ark., July 1, '64.
Front Roval, Va., May 23, 30, '62.
Front Royal Pike, Va., Sept. 21, '64.
Frying Pan, Va., June 4, '63.
Fulton, Ga., Oct. 13, '64.
Fulton, Mo., July 17, '61.
Funkstown, Md., July 12 and 13, '63.
G
GainesvUle, Fla., Feb. 14 and Aug. 17,
'64.
•Gainesville, Va., Aug. 28, '62.
-Game's MiU, Va., June 27, '62; June 2,
64.
Gallatin, Tenn., Aug. 12, Oct. 1, '62.
Galveston, Texas, Jan. 1, '63.
Garrettsburgh, Ky., Nov. 6, '62.
Gaucha Mountain, Cal., July 22, '65.
Gauley's Bridge, W. Va., Nov. 10, '61.

Geiger Lake, Ky., Sept. 3, '62,
Georgia Landing, La. , Oct. 27, '62.
Germantown, Tenn., June 25, '62; Jan.
27 and April 1, '63.
Gettysburgh, Pa., July 1, 2 and 3, '63.
Ghent, Ky., Aug. 29, '64.
Gila River, N. Mex., Nov. 5, '63.
Glade Springs, Va., Dec. 15, '64.
GladesvUle, Va., Oct. 2, '64..
Glasgow, Ky., Oct 5 and Dec. 24, '62;
Oct. 5, '63; Oct. 15, '64; March 25,
'65.
Glasgow, Mo., Oct. 15, '64.
Glass Bridge, Tenn., Sept. 2, '64.
Glendale, Ala., Feb. 22, '63.
Glendale, Miss., May 8, 62 ; Apr. 14, '63.
Glendale, Va. June 30, '62.
Glorietta, N. Mex. Mar. 26 to 28, '62.
Gloucester, Va., Nov. 17, '62.
Gloucester Point, Va., Feb. 10, '63.
Golding's Farm, Va., June 27, '62.
Goldsborough, N. O, Dec. 17, '62; Mar.
21 to 24, '65.
Golgotha, Ga., June 16, '64
Goodrich's Landing, La., June 30, '63;
Mar. 24 and July 16, '64.
Good's Landing, Miss., Dec. 16 to 25, '64
Goose Creek, Va.. Oct. 22, ,61; Sept. 17,
'62.
Gov. Moore's Plantation, La., May 2, ,64
Grafton, W. Va., Aug. 13, '61.
GrahamsvUle, S. O, Nov. 30, '64.
Granby, Mo., Sept. 24, '62.
Grand Coteau, La., Nov. 3, '63.
Grand Ecore, La., April 3, '64.
Grand Gulf, Miss., AprU 29, '63; Jan.
16 to 18, July 16 and 17, '64.
Grand Haze, Ark., July 4, '62.
Grand Lake, Ark., June 16, '63.
Grand Pass, I. T., July 7, '63.
Grand Prairie, Ark. , July6, '62.
Grand Prairie, Mo., Oct. 24, '62.
Grand River, Mo., Nov. 30, '61; Aug.
10 to 13, '62.
Grant's Creek, N. O, April 12, '64.
Grassy Lick, Va., May 9 and 10, '65
Gravel Hill, Va., Aug. 14, '64.
Gravelly Run, Va., March 31, '65.
Graysville, Ga., Sept. 10, '63.
Greasy Creek, Ky., May 11, '63.
Great Bear Creek, Ala., AprU 17, '63.
Great Bethel, Va., June 10, '61; AprU
4, '62.
Great Cacapon Bridge, Va., Jan. 4, '62.
Great Falls, Va., July 7, '61.
Greenbrier, W. Va., Oct. 3, '61.
Greencastle, Pa., June 20, '63.

Greenleaf Prairie, I. T. June 16 and
Nov. 12, '63.
Greenland Gap, W. Va., April 25, '63.
Greenland Gap Road, W. Va., June 6,
'64.
Green River Bridge, Ky., July 4, '63.
Green's Chapel, Ky., Dec. 25, '62.
Green Springs Depot, W. Va., Aug. 2, 64
Greenville, Miss., May 20 and 27, '64.
Greenville, Mo., July 26. '62.
GreenviUe, N. C, Nov. 25 and Dec. 30,
'63
GreenviUe, Tenn., Sept. 4 and Oct. 12,
'64
Greenville Road, Ky., Nov. 5, '62.
Greenville Road, N. O, May 31, '62.
Greenville Springs Road, La., Sept. 19
and Oct. 5, '63.
Greenwich, Va., May 30, '63.
Gregory's Farm, S. O, Dec. 5, 9, '64.
Grenada, Miss. , Aug. 13, '63.
Greysville, Ga., Nov. 27, 63.
Griswoldville, Ga., Nov. 22, '64.
Grosse Tete Bayou, La., Feb. 19 and
Mar. 30, '64.
Ground Squirrel Church and Bridge,
Va., May 10, '64.
Grouse Creek, Cal., May 23, '64.
Groveton, Va., Aug. 29, '62.
Gum Slough, Ark., Mar. 16, '63.
Gum Swamp, N. O, May 22, '63.
Gunter's Bridge, S. C, Feb. 14, '65.
Guntown, Miss., May 4, '63;JunelO. '64.
Guyandotte, W. Va., Nov. 10, '61.
Guy's Gap, Term., June 27, '63.
H
Hagar's Mountain, Md., July 7, '64.
Hagarstown, Md., July 6, and 11, '63;
July 5, '64.
Haguewood Prairie, Tenn., Sept. 26, '63.
Half -Moon Battery, N. C, Jan. 19, '65.
Half Mount, Ky., April 14, '64.
Hall Island, S. O, Nov. 24, '63.
Hall's Ferry, Miss. , May 13, '63.
HaUtown, Va., July 15, '63; Aug. 24 to
27, '64.
Hamburg, Tenn., May 30, '63.
Hamburg Landing, Ala., May 29, '63.
HamUton, N. C. July 9, '62.
HamUton, Va., Mar. 21, '65.
Hammack's Mills, W. Va., July 3, '64.
Hampton, Va., Aug. 7, '61.
Hampton Roads, Va., Mar. 9, '62.
Hancock, Va., Jan. 4, '62.
Hanging Rock, W. Va., Sept. 23, '61.
Hankinson's Ferry, Miss., May 3, '63.

Hanover, Pa., June 30, '63.
Hanover C. H. Va., May 27, '62; :
29 to 31, '64.
Hanoverton. Va., May 27 to 31, '64.
Hardy County, W. Va. Jan. 5, '63.
Harney Lake VaUey, Or., April 7, '64;
Sept. 23, 65.
Harper's Farm, Va., April 6, '65.
Harper's Ferry, Va., AprU 18, and Oct.
11, '61 ; May 28, Sept. 12 to 15, '62 :
Oct. 5, '63.
Harper's Ferry Bridge, Va.,'July7, '63.
Harpeth River, Tenn., Mar. 2 and 4,
• Apr. 10, '63.
Harrison, Mo., Sept. 27 and 30, '64.
Harrisonburg, Va., June 6, '62.
Harrison's Field, Ga., Dec. 9, '64.
Harrison's Island, Va., Oct. 21, '61.
Harrisonville, Mo., July 18, 25, and 26,
'61; Nov. 3, '62.
Harrisonville, Mo., Oct. 24, '63.
Harrodsburg, Ky., Oct. 10, '62; Oct. 21,
'64.
Hartsville, Mo. , Jan. 11 and May 23, '63.
Hartsville, Tenn., Dec. 7, '62.
Hartwood Church, Va., Nov. 28, '62;
Feb. 25, 63.
Hatcher's Run, Va., Oct. 27 and 28, '64;
Feb. 5 to 7, '65.
Hatchie, Miss., Oct. 5, '62.
Hatchie River, Miss., Aug. 10, '64.
Hawe's Shop, Va., May 28, June 2, '64.
Hawk's Nest, W. Va., Aug. 20, 61.
Haxal's, Va., July 3, '62.
Haymarket, Va., Oct. 18, '62; Oct. 19, '63
Hayne's Bluff, Miss., April 29 to May 2,
'63; Feb. 3 and AprU—, '64.
Haynesville, Md., July 2, '61.
Hazel Bottom, Mo., Oct. 14, '62.
HedgevUle, Va., Oct. 22, '62; Oct. 15, '63.
Helena, Ark., Aug 11 to 14, Sept. 20, Oct.
11, and 18, Dec. 5, '62; May 25,
Jan. 15, July 4, '63; Aug. 2, '64.
Henderson, Ky., July 21, Sept 25, 64.
Henderson Hills, La., Mar. 21, '64.
Henderson Mill, Tenn., Oct. 11, '63.
Hendrick's, Miss., Sept. 15, '63.
Henrytown, Mo., Oct. 13, '61.
Hermitage, Mo., Nov. 2, '64.
Hernando, Miss., April 18, May 28, and
June 20, '63.
Hiampom Valley, Cal., Oct. 10, '63.
Hickory Grove, Mo., Aug. 23, and Sept.
19, '62.
Hickory Hills, S. G, Feb. 1, '65.
Hicksford, Va., Dec. 9, '64.
High Bridge, Va., AprU 6, '65.

HUlsborough, Ala., April 17, '63.
Hillsboro' Ga., July 31, '64.
Hillsboro' Ky., Oct. 8, '61.
Hillsborough, Miss., Feb. 10, '64.
Hill's Plantation, Ark., July 7, '62.
HiU's Plantation, Miss., June 22, '63.
HodgevUle, Ky., Oct. 23, '61.
HoUand House, Va., May 15, 16, '63.
HoUow Tree Gap, Tenn., Dec. 17, '64.
Holly River, W. Va., AprU 17, '62.
HoUy Springs, Miss., Nov. 12, and 28,
Dec. 20, '62; April 17, '63; May 24,
Aug. 1, 8, 27, and 28, '64.
Holston River, Tenn., Nov. 15, '63;
Feb. 20, '64.
Honey Hill, S. C, Nov. 30, '64.
Honey Springs, Kan. July 17, and Aug.
22, '63.
Hoover's Gap, Tenn., June 24, '63.
HopkinsvUle, Ky., Nov. 6, '62; Dec. 12
and 16, '64.
HornersvUle, Mo., Sept. 20, '63.
Homsboro' S. C, Mar. 3, '65.
Horse Creek, D. T., June 14, 65.
Horse Creek, Mo., Sept. 17, '63.
Horse-Head Creek, Ark., Feb. 17, '64.
Horse-Shoe Bend, Ky., Mnv 11, '63.
Horton's MUls, N. C, April 27, '62.
Hot Springs, Ark., Feb. 4, '64.
Howard County, Mo., Aug. 28, '62; Aug,
28, '64.
Howell's Ferry, Ga., July 1, '64.
Howe's Ford, Ky., April 28, '63.
Hudnot's Plantation, La., May 1, '64.
Hudson, Mo., Dec. 21, '61.
HudsonvUle, Miss., Nov. 8, '62.
Huff's Ferrv, Tenn., Nov. 14, '63.
HumansvUle, Mo., Mar. 26, Aug. 12, '62;
Oct. 16, and 17, '63.
Humboldt, Tenn., Dec. 20, '62.
HunneweU, Mo., Jan. 3, '62.
Hunter's Mills, Va., Nov. 26, '61.
Huntersville, Va., Jan. 4, '62.
HuntsvUle, Ala., AprUll, '62; Oct. 1, '64
Huntsville. Mo., Nov. 9, '62
HuntsvUle, Term., Nov. 11, '62.
Hurricane Bridge, W. Va., Mar. 28, '63.
Hurricane Creek, Ark., Oct. 23, '64.
Hurricane Creek, Miss., Aug. 14, 16,
and 22, Oct. 23, '64.
Hutchinson, Minn., Sept. 3 and 4, '62.
I
Illinois Creek, Ark., Dec. 7, '62.
Independence, Mo., June 17, and Nov.
26, '61. ; Feb. 18, Mar. 22, Aug. 11,
'62 ; Feb. 3 and 8, Mar. 23, AprU 23,

24, '63; Feb. 19, Oct. 22, 26, '64.
Indian Bay, Ark., Feb. 16, Apr. 13, '64.
Indian City Village, La., Aug. 6, '64.
Indiantown, N. C, Dec. 18, '63.
Indian VUlage, D. T., Mar. 27, '63.
Indian VUlage, La., Jan. 27, '63.
Ingham's MUls, Miss., Oct. 12, '63.
Ingraham 's Plantation, Miss., Oct. 10, 63
Irish Bend, La., AprU 12 to 14, '63.
Iron Bridge, I. T., June 19, '64.
Iron County, Mo., Sept. 11, '62.
Ironton, Mo., Sept. 26 and 27, '64.
Irvine, Ky., July 30, '63.
IrwinsvUle, Ga., May 10, 65.
Island Mound, Mo., Oct. 27, 29, *62.
Island No. 76, Miss., Jan. 20, '64.
Island No. 10, Tenn., AprU 8, and Oct.
17, '62 ; Oct. 16, '63.
Isle of Wight C. H., Va., Dec. 22, '62.
Isseqnena County, Miss., July 10 and
Aug. 17, '64.
Iuka, Miss., Sept. 13 to 20, 62; July 7,
9, and 14, '63.
Ivy Ford, Ark., Jan. 19, '64; Jan. 8, '65.
Ivy HUls, Miss., Feb. 22, '64.

Jacinto, Miss., Aug. 13, '63.
Jackson, Ark., Aug. 3, '62; Apr. 26, '63.
Jackson, La., Aug. 3, '63; Oct. 5, and
Nov. 21, '64.
Jackson, Miss., May 14, and July 10 to
17, 29, '63; Feb. 5, July 5 to 8, '64.
Jackson, Mo., April 9, '62; April 27, '63.
Jackson, Tenn., Dec. 18, '62; July 13, '63
Jacksonboro' Tenn., Mar. 10, '62.
Jackson County, Mo., June 2, '6-i ; Apr.
5, '63.
Jackson Crossroads, La., June 20, '63.
Jacksonport, Ark., Dec. 23, '63; AprU
24 and Aug. 26, '64.
Jackson's Ford, Ala., July 14, '64.
JacksonvUle, Fla., Mar. 29, '63; May 1
and 28, '64; April 4, '65.
Jack's Shop, Tenn., Sept. 22, '63.
Jack's Shop, Va. , Dec. 23, '04.
James City, Va., Oct. 10, '63.
James Island, S. O, June 10 and 13, '62;
July 10, '63 ; May 21, and July 1, 2,
5, and 7, '64; Feb. 10, '65.
Jarrett's Station, Va., May 9, '64.
Jasper, Tenn., June 4. '62.
Jasper County, Mo., June 10, Oct. 5 '63.
Jenken's Ferry, Ark. , April 15 and 30,
and May 4, '64.
Jenk s Bridge, Ga., Dec. 7, to 9, '64.
Jennies Creek, Ky., Jan. 7, '62.

Jefferson, Tenn., Dec. 30, '62.
Jefferson City, Mo., Oct. 7, Nov. 3, '64.
Jeffersonton, Va., Oct. 12, '63.
JeffersonviUe, Va., May 8, '64.
Jericho Ford, Va., May 23 to 27, '64.
Jerusalem Plank Road, Va., June 22 and
23, '64.
JettersvUle, Va., April 5, '65.
John Day's River, Or., July 12, '64;
April 16, '65.
John's Island, S. O, July 5 to 9, '64.
Johnson County, Mo., July 16, '64.
Johnson Depot, Tenn., Sept. 22, '63.
Johnson's MUls, Tenn., Feb. 22, '64.
JohnsonvUle, Tenn., Sept. 25, and Nov.
4 and 5, '64.
Johnston, Mo., Nov. 24, '61.
Jonesboro', Ark., Aug. 3, '62.
Jonesboro', Ga., Aug. 19, 20 and 31, and
Sept. 1 and 7, ;64.
Jonesboro', Mo., Aug. 21 and 22, '61;
Oct. 12 and 14, '63.
Jones' Bridge, Va., June 23, '64.
Jones' Crossroads, Miss., May 3, '63.
Jones' Ford, Miss., July 6, 63.
Jones' Ford, Term., July 2, '63.
Jones' Hay Station, Ark., Aug. 24, '64.
Jones' Plantation, Ga., Nov. 27 to 29, '64.
JonesvUle, Va., Jan. 3, '64.
JornadodelMuerto, N. Mex., June 16, '63
Joy's Ford, Ark., Jan. 8, '65.
Julesburg, I. T.. Jan. 7, '65.
Jumpertown, Miss., Nov. 5, '62.
K
Kansas City, Mo., Nov. 22, '64.
Kearneysville, Va., Aug. 25, '64.
Kearnestown, Va., Mar. 23, '62.
KeUer's Bridge, Ky., June 10, '64.
KeUy's Ford, Term., Jan. 27, '64.
KeUy's Ford, Va., Aug. 21, '62; Mar. 17.
and Aug. 1 to 3, and Nov. 7, '63.
KeUy's Island, Va., June 26, '61
Kelly's Store, Va., Jan. 30, '63.
Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 10 to
July 2, '64.
Kernstown, Va., July 23, '64.
Kettle Run, Va., Aug. 27, '62.
KeysviUe, Cal., April 19, '63.
KeytesviUe, Mo., Feb. 17 and 26, '62.
Kincaels, Term., Nov. 6, '63.
Kinderhook, Tenn., Aug. 11, '62.
King George County, Va., Aug. 24, '63.
King George C. H, Va., Dec. 2, '62.
King's Creek, Miss., July 9, '64.
Kingsport, Tenn., Dec. 13, '64.
King's River, Ark., AprU 16, '64.

King's School House, Va., June 25, '62.
Kingston, Ga., May 18, 24, Oct. 12, '64.
Kingston, N. O, Dec. 14, '62 ; Mar. 14, '65
Kingston, Tenn., Nov. 26, '63; Aug. 26,
'64.
Kingsville, Mo., June 12, '64.
Kirksville, Mo., Aug. 5, 6, and 26, '62.
Knob Gap, Tenn., Dec. 26, '62.
Knob Noster, Mo., Jan. 22, '62.
KnoxviUe, Tenn., Sept. 10, '63.
Kock's Plantation, La. , July 13, '63.
Kossuth, Miss., Aug. 27, '62.
L
LabadievUle, La., Oct. 27, 62.
Lacey's Springs, Va., Dec. 20, '64.
Lakija, Ala., Oct. 30, 64.
La Fayette, Ga. , June — , '64.
La Fayette, Tenn., Dec. 25, '63; June 9
and 24, '64.
La Fayette County, Mo. , June 14, '64.
La Fourche Crossing, La., June 20, and
21, '63.
La Grange, Ark., Sept. 6, Oct. 11, Nov.
7, Dec. 30, '62; Jan. 3, May 1, '63.
La Grange, Tenn., Nov. 11, '62; July
16, '63.
Lake Chicot, La. Jnne 6, '64.
Lake Chicot, La., July 6 and 7, '64.
Lake City, Fla., Feb. 12, '64.
Lake Providence, La., Feb. 10, May 27,
and June 10 and 29, '63.
Lake Village, Ark., Feb. 10, '64.
Lamar, Miss., Nov. 12, '62.
Lamar, Mo., Aug. 24 and Nov. 5, '62.
Lamb's Ferry, Tenn., Dec. 25, '64.
Lamonica Springs, N. Mex., Sept. 4, '65.
Lancaster, Ky., Oct. 14, '62.
Lancaster, Mo., Nov. 24, '61.
Dane's Prairie, Mo., July 26, '61 ; May
26, '64
Languelle Ferry, Ark., Aug. 3, '62.
Lattamores MUls, Ga., June 20, '64.
Lauderdale Springs, Miss., Feb. 16, '64.
Laurel HiU, W. Va., July 8, '61.
LaVergne, Tenn., Oct. 7, Nov. 27, and
Dec. 9, '62 ; Jan. 1, '63 ; Sept. 1, '64.
Lawrence, Kan. July 27, Aug. 21, '63.
Lawrenceburg, Ky., Oct. 9, '62.
Lawrenceburg, Ohio, July 14, '63.
Lawrenceburg, Tenn., Nov. 4, '63; Nov.
22 and 27, and Dec. 22, '64.
Lay's Ferry, Ga., May 15, '64.
Leasburg, Mo., Sept. 29, 30, Oct. 1, 28, '64
Leatherwood, Ky., Nov. 6, 62.
Lebanon, Ala., Feb. 3 and 6, '64.
Lebanon, Ky. , July 12, '62 ; July 5, '63 ;
and July 30, '64.

Lebanon, Tenn., May 5, Nov. 11, and
Dec. 6, '62. Feb. 8, '63.
Leesburg, Va., Oct. 21, '61.
Leesburg Road, Va., Sept. 17, '62.
Lee's Creek, Ark., Aug. 1, '64.
Lee's Mills, Va., AprU 16, '62; July 12
and 30, '64.
Lee Springs, Va., Aug. 23, '62.
Lee surrendered, Va., April 9, '65.
Leesville, Mo., Mar. 19, '62.
Leetown, Va., Mar. 7, '62; July 3, '64.
Legare's Point, S. O, June 3, '62.
Leighton, Ala., April 24, '63.
Leiper's Ferry, Tenn., Oct. 28, '63.
Leland's Point, Ark., May 27, '64.
Lenoirs, Tenn., Nov. 15, '63.
Lett's Tan-yard, Ga., Sept. 13, '63.
Lewinsville, Va., Sept. 11, '61.
Lewisburgh, Ark., Jan. 17, '64.
Lewisburg, Va., May 23, '62.
Lexington, Ky., Oct. 17, '62; July 28,
'63; June 10, '64.
Lexington, Mo., Aug. 29, Sept. 12 to 20,
'61 ; Mar. 12, Oct. 17, '62 ; Feb. 22,
June 14, Oct. 19 and 21, '64.
Lexington, Tenn., Dec. 18, '62; June
29, '63.
Lexington, W. Va., June 10, 11, '64.
Liberty, La., Nov. 21, '64.
Liberty, Mo., Oct. 6, '62.
Liberty, Va., June 20, '64.
Liberty Creek, La., Nov. 15, '64.
Liberty Gap, Tenn., June 25, '63.
Liberty Landing, Mo., Oct. 6, '62.
Liberty Mills, Va., Oct. 15, '63.
Liberty Post-Office, Ark., April 15, '64.
Lick Creek, Ark., Jan. 12, '63.
Lick Creek, Tenn. , AprU 24 '62.
Licking, Mo., May 4, '62,
Limestone Station, Tenn., Sept. 5, '63.
Linden, Tenn., May 12, '63.
Linden, Va., May 15, '62.
Linn Creek, Mo., Oct. 15, '61.
Linn Creek, Va., Feb. 8, '62.
Liscomb's Hill, Cal., June 6, '62.
Little Bear Creek, Ala., Nov. 28 and
Dec. 12, '62.
Little Blue, D. T., Aug. 12, '64.
Little Blue, Mo., Nov. 11, '61; April 12,
'62 ; July 6 and Oct. 21, '64.
Little Cacapon, Va., AprU 10, '64.
Little Creek, N. C, Nov. 3, '62.
Little Harpeth, Tenn,, March 25, '63.
Little Lermio, Colo., Aug. 5, '65
Little Missouri River, Ark., Jan. 25 and
AprU 4 and 6, '64.
Little Osage River, Kans., Oct. 25, '64.

Little Pond, Tenn., Aug. 30, '62.
Little Red River, Ark., June 5, 25, '62.
Little River, Tenn., Oct. 20, '64.
Little Rock, Ark., Sept. 10, '63; AprU
26 and May 28, '64.
Little Rock Landing, Tenn., April 26,
'63.
Little Rock Road, Ark., April 2, '63.
Little Salkahatchie, S. C, Feb. 5, '65.
Little Santa Fe, Mo., Nov. 6, 20, '61;
March 23, '62.
Little Washington, Va., Nov. 15, '62.
Liverpool Heights, Miss., Feb. 3, '64.
Eivingston, Miss. , March 27, '64.
Lockbridge's Mills, Ky., May 5, '62.
Lock's Ford, Va., Sept. 13, '64.
Locust Grove, I. T., July 3, '62
Locust Grove, Va., Nov. 26 to 28, '63.
Logans Crossroads, Ky., Jan. 19, 20, '62.
London Lane, Ala., AprU 25, '63.
Lone Jack, Mo., Aug. 11, 15 and 16, '62;
Nov. 1, '64.
Longview, Ark.. March 26 and 30, '64.
Lookout Mountain, Tenn., Nov. 24, '63.
Lookout Station, Mo., Aug. 20, '61.
Lost Creek, Mo AprU 15, '62.
Lost Mountain, Ga., June 9 to 30, '64.
Lotspeach Farm, Mo., July 8, '62.
Lotus Steamer, Ark., Jarj. 17, '65.
Loudon Creek, Tenn., Nov. 15, '63.
Loudon Heights, Va., Jan. 10, '64.
Louisa C. H., Va., May 1, '63.
LouisvUle, Tenn., Nov. 28, '63.
Lovejoy's Station, Ga., July 29 and 30,
Aug. 20, Sept. 2 to 6, and Nov. 16,
'64.
LovettsvUle, Va., Aug. 8, '61 ; Oct. 21, '62
Lew Creek, W. Va., June 21, '63.
Lowndesborough, Ala., April 10, '65.
Lowtonville, S*. G, Feb. — , '65.
Lucas Bend, Ky., Sept. 26, '61.
Lumkin's Mills, Miss., Nov. 29, 30, '62.
Luna Landing, Ark., Feb. 22, 64.
Lundy's Lane, Ala., AprU 17, '63.
Luray, Va., June 30 and July 12, '62,
and Sept 24, '64.
Lynchburg, Va., June 17 and 18, '64.
Lynch's Creek, S. O, Feb. 26, '65.
LynnvUle, Tenn., Nov. 24, Dec. 23, '64.
M
Macon, Ga., July 30, Nov. 20 and 24,
'64. April 20, '65.
Macon, Mo., Feb. 12, '65.
Madeline Plains, Cal., Nov. 17, '62.
Madison, Ark., April 4, '63.
Madison C. H., Va., Dec. 20, 64.

Madison Station, Ala., May 17 and Nov.
26, '64.
MadisonvUle, Ky., Aug. 26, Oct. 5, '62.
MadisonvUle, La., Jan. 7, '64.
Mad River, Cal., July 11, '63.
Magnolia, Tenn., Jan. 7, '65.
Malhuer River, Oreg., July 9, '65.
Malvern Hill, Va., July 1 and Aug. 5,
'62; July 27 and 28, '64.
Manassas, Va., Aug. 30, '62.
Manassas Gap, Va., Nov. 5, '62; July 21,
'63.
Manassas Junction, Va., Oct. 24, '62.
Manchester, Tenn., Aug. 29, '62; Mar.
17, '64.
Mansfield, La., AprU 8, '64.
Mansura, La., May 13 to 17, '64.
Maplesville, Ala., AprU 1, '65.
Maria des Cygnes, Kans., Aug. 31, '63;
Oct. 25, '64.
Marianna, Fla., Sept. 27, '64.
Marianna, .Ark., Nov. 7, '62.
Marie's County, Mo., May 26, '64.
Marietta, Ga., July 3 and 4, '64.
Marietta, Miss., Aug. 31, '62.
Marion, Miss., Feb. 17, '64.
Marion, Va., Dec. 16 and 18, '64.
Marion County, Fla., March 10, '65.
Markham, Va., Nov. 5, '62.
Mark's MUls, Ark., April 5 and 25, '64.
MarksvUle, La., May 14 to 16, '64.
Marrowbone, Ky., July 2, '63.
Marshall, Mo., July 28 and Oct. 12 and
13, '63.
Marshfield, Mo., Feb. 14, Oct. 20, '62.
Martinsburg, Md., July 2, '61.
Martinsburg, Mo., July 17 and 18, '61.
Martinsburg, Va., Sept. — , '62; June 14,
'63; Aug. 19 and Sept. 18, '64.
Martin's Creek, Ark., Jan. 7, 04.
Maryland Heights, Va., July 4 to 7, '64.
MarysvUle, Tenn., Nov. 14, '63.
Mason's Bridge, S. C, Dec. 6 to 9, '64.
Mason's Neck, Va., Feb. 24, '62.
Matagorda Bay, Texas, Dec. 29, 30, '63.
Matapony, Va., Aug. 6, '62.
Mathias Point, Va., June 27, '61.
Matote, Cal., May 26, '64.
Mayfield, Ky., Jan. 12, '64.
Mayre's Heights, Va., May 3, '63.
MaysviUe, Ala., Aug. 28 and Oct. 13, '63.
MaysvUleArk., Oct. 22, '62.
Mazzard Prairie, Ark., July 27, '64.
McAfee's Crossroads, Ga., June 12, '64.
McConnelsburg, Pa., June 24, 28, '63.
McCulloughs Store, Mo., July 26 and
Aug. 3, '61.

McDonald County, Mo., Aug. 5, '64.
McDowell, Va., May 8, '62.
McGsire's Ferry, Ark., Sept. 23, '62.
McKay's Point, S. O, Dec. 22, '64.
McLean's Ford, Va., Oct. 15, '63.
McMinnvUle, Tenn., Aug. 30, '62; Apr.
20, Sept. 28, and Oct. 3, '63.
Meadow Bluff, W. Va., Dec. 12, '63.
Meadow Bridge, Va., May 12, '64.
Mechanicsburg Miss., May 29 and June
4 and 7, '63.
Mechanicsville, Miss., May 24, 29, '63.
Mechanics-rule, Va., June 26, '62.
MedaUa, Minn., AprU 16, '63.
Medley, W. Va., Jan. 29, '64.
Medoc, Mo., Aug. 23, '61.
Meffleton Lodge, Ark., June 29, '64.
Memphis, Mo., July 18, '62.
Memphis, Tenn., June 6, '62; May 2,
Aug. 21, aud Dec. 14, '64.
Mendon Station, Tenn., Aug 31, Oct. 10,
'62.
Meridian, Miss., Feb. 9 to 19, '64.
MerriU's Crossing, Mo., Oct. 12, 13, '63.
Merriweather's Ferry, Tenn., Aug. 15,
'62.
MessiUa, N. Mex., Aug. 3, '61. '
Messenger's Bridge, Miss., Oct. 5, '63.
Messenger's Ferry, Miss., July 1, 2, '63.
Metamora, Miss., Oct. 5, '62.
Metley's Ford. Tenn., Nov. 4, '63.
Mexico, Mo., July 15, '61.
Mezcal River, Cal., May 29, '64.
Michel's Creek, Miss.. May 5, '63.
Middleburg, Miss., Dec. 24, '62.
Middleburg, Tenn.. Sept. 21, '62.
Middleburg, Va., March 28, '62; June
19, '63.
Middle Creek, Ky., Jan. 10, '62.
Middle Creek Fork, Va., July 6, '61.
Middleton, Md., July 7, '64.
Middleton, Tenn., Jan. 5 and 31, May
21 and June 24, '63 ; Jan. 14, '64.
Middleton, Va., May 24, '62; June 11,
'63; Oct. 19, '64.
Middle Yager. Cal., June 28, '63.
Milford, Mo., Dec. 18, '61.
MUford, Va., Julv 2, '62.
MUford Station, Va., May 20, '64.
MU1 Creek, Ga., May 7, '64.
Mill Creek, Mo., April 24, '63.
MU1 Creek, Tenn., Nov. 27, '62.
MiU Creek VaUey, W. Va., Nov. 13, '63.
MUlen Grove, Ga., Dec. 1, '64.
Milliken's Bend, La. , June 5 to 7, '63.
MU1 Point, W. Va., Nov. 5, '63.
MiU Springs, Ky., Jan. 19 and 20, '62.

xvm

MUlsville, Mo., July 16, 61.
MUltown Bluff, S. C, July 10, '63.
Millwood, Va., Dec. 17, '64.
MUton, Fla., Oct. 26, '64.
Milton, Tenn., Feb. 18, 63.
Mine Creek, Kans., Oct. 25, '64.
Mineral Point, Mo. , Sept. 27, '64.
Mine Run, Va., Nov. 26 and Dee. 2, '63.
Mingo Swamp, Mo., Feb. 3, '63.
Missionary Ridge, Tenn., Nov. 25, '63.
Mississippi City, Miss., March 8, '62.
Mississippi Springs, Miss., May 13, '63.
Missouri River, D. T., July 30, '63.
Mitchell's Creek, Fla., Dec. 17, '64.
MitcheU's Station, Va., Aug. 9, 62.
MobUe, Ala., Dec. 22, '64.
Moccasin Gap., Va., Dec. 24, '64.
Moffat's Station, Ark., Sept. 27, '63.
Monaqua Springs, Mo., March 25, 62.
Monday HoUow, Mo., Oct 13, '61.
Monetis Bluff, La., AprU 23, '64.
Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64.
Monroe County, Mo., Sept, 16 and Oct.
4, '62.
Monroe's Crossroads, N. C, Mar. 10, '65
Monroe Station, Mo., July 9 and 10, '61
Monterey, Ky., June 11, '62.
Monterey, Tenn., Apr. 28, May 13, '62.
Monterey, Va., AprU 12, '62.
Monterey Gap, Md., July 4., '63.
MontevaUo, Ala., Mar. 13, 30 and 31, '65
MontevaUo, Mo., Apr. 14, Aug. 6, '62.
Montgomery, Ala., Apr. 12 and 13, '65.
Montgomery, Ga., July 18, '64.
Monticello, Ky., May 1 and June 9, '63.
Monticello, Ark., Jan. 16, Mar. 18, '64.
Moorefield, W. Va., Nov. 9, '62; Jan. 3,
Sept. 5 and 11, '63 ; Feb. 4, Aug. 7,
'64. .
Moore's Bluff, Miss., Sept. 29, '64.
Moore's Mills, Mo'., July 24, 28, 29, '62.
Moreau Bottom, Mo., Oct. 7, '64.
Moresburg, Tenn., Dec. 10, '63.
Morgan County, Tenn., Feb. 2, '62.
Morgan's MiUs, Ark., Feb. 9, '64.
Morgansville, Ky., Sept. 2, '62.
Morgantown, Ky., Oct. 29, '61 ; Oct. 24,
'62.
Morganzia, La., Sept. 29, '63; May 18
and 30, and Nov. 23, '64.
Morning Sun, Tenn, July 1, '62.
Moro Bottom, Ark., April 25, '64.
Moro Creek, Ark., April 26, '64.
Moreausville, La., May 14 to 10, '64.
Morristown, Mo., Sept. 17, '61.
Morristowu, Tenn., Dec. 1, '61; Dec 10,
'63; Oct. 28, '64.

Morton, Miss., Feb. 7 and 8, '64.
Morton's Ford, Va., Feb. 6, '64.
Moscow, Ark., AprU 13, '64.
Moscow, Tenn., Feb. 18, Nov. 4, Dec. 2
and 3, '63; June 15, '64.
Moscow Station, Miss., Dec. 4, '63.
Moses Creek, Ga., Oct. 3, '64.
Mossy Creek, Teim., Dec. 29, '63; Jan.
13, 64.
Mossy Creek Station, Tenn., Dec. 24, '63.
Moulton, Ala., May 28 and 29, '64.
Mound Plantation, La. , June 29, '63.
Mountain Fork, Ark., Feb. 4, '64.
Mountain Grove, Mo., March 9, '62.
Mountain Home, Mo., Oct. 17, '62.
Mountain Store, Mo., July 25 and 26, '62 ;
May 26, '63.
Mount Carmel, Tenn. , Nov. 29, '64.
Mount Cho, S. O, Feb. 26, '65.
Mount Crawford, Va., June 5, '64; Feb.
29, 65.
Mount Elba, Ark., March 30, '64.
Mount Elba Ferry, Ark., AprU 26, '64.
Mount Ivy, Miss., Feb. 22, '64.
Mount Jackson, Va., Nov. 17, '63.
Mount Pleasant, Ala., AprU 1, '65.
Mount Pleasant, Miss., May 21, '64.
Mount Pleasant Landing, La., May 15,
'64.
Mount Sterling, Ky. , July 29, '62 ; March
22, '63; June 9, '64.
Mount Tabor Church, N. C, July 26, '63.
Mount Vernon, Ark., May 11, '63.
Mount Vernon, Mo., Sept. 30, '64.
Mount Washington, Ky., Oct. 2, '62.
Mount Zion, Mo., Dec. 28, '61.
Mount Zion Church, Va., July 6, '64.
Mouth of Monocacy, Md., Oct. 11, '62.
Mud Creek, Ala., Jan. 5, '65.
Muddy Run, Va., Nov. 8, '63.
Mud Springs, I. T., Feb. 8, '65.
Mulberry Gap, Tenn., Feb. 22, '64.
Muldrough's Hill, Ky., Dec. 28, '62.
Mumford's Station, Ala., April 23, '65.
Munfordsville, Ky., Dec. 17, '61; Sept.
14, 16 and 21, '62.
Munson's Hill, Va., Aug. 31 and Sept.
29, '61.
Murfreesboro', Tenn., July 13, Dec. 31,
'62 to Jan. 3, June 6, '63 ; Sept. 3,
Dec. 5, 6, 7, 15 and 24, '64.
Murfreesboro' Road, Tenn., Oct. 4, '63.
Muscle Shoals, Ala., Oct. 30, '64.
Mustang Island, Texas, Nov. 17, '63.
Myerstown, Va., Nov. 18, '64.
N
Namozin Church, Va., April 3, '65.

Nansemond, Va., April 14, '63.
Nansemond River, Va., May 3, '63.
Narrows, Ga., Oct. 11, '64.
Nashville, Tenn., Mar. 9, July 21, Nov.
5, '62; May 24, Dec. 2 to 22, '64.
Natchez, Miss., Nov. 11, Dec. 7 and 10,
'63; April 25, '64.
Natchitoches, La., Mar. 31, Apr. 19, May
5, '64.
Natural Bridge, Fla. , March 6, '65.
Nauvoo, Ala., Jan. 2, '65.
Near Alexandria, La. , May 1 to 8, '64.
Near Blue Springs, Tenn., Oct. 5, '63.
Near Bolivar Heights, Va., July 14, '64.
Near Brownsville, Ark., Oct. 30, '64.
Near Canton, Miss., Feb. 27 and 28, '64.
Near Culpeper, Va., July 12, '62.
Near Dalton, Ga., Jan. 21, '64.
Near Decatur, Tenn., July 15, '62.
Near Lebanon, Mo., March 12, '62.
Near Memphis, Tenn., Oct. 4, '64.
Near Nashville, Tenn., March 8, Oct. 20,
'62.
Near New Berne, N. O, Feb. 27, '63.
Near Pine Bluff, Ark., Sept. — , '64.
Near Point Washington, Fla. Feb. 9,
'64.
Near Romney, Va., Feb. 16, '63.
Near Snicker's Gap, Va., Aug. 13, '64.
Near the Rappahannock, Va., Apr. 1,'64.
Near Tunica Bend, La., April 22, '64.
Near Walkertown, Va., March 2, '64.
Near Yazoo City, Miss., Feb. 28, '64.
Nelson s Farm, Va. , June 30, '62.
Neosho, Mo., Apr. 26, May 31, Sept 1,
to 4, Dec. 15, '62; Mar. 2, Oct. 4,
Nov. 5, '63 ; June 3, Nov. 10, '64.
Neuse River, N. O, April 10 '64.
New Albany, Miss., Apr. 19, Oct. 5, '63;
July 10, '64.
Newark, Mo., Aug. 1, '62.
New Baltimore, Va., Nov. 5, '62.
New Berne, N. O, Mar. 14, May 22, Nov.
11, '62; Mar. 14, '63; Feb. 1 to 4,
and 29, '64.
New Bridge, Va., May 24, '62.
New Cider MiUs, Tenn., Nov. 29, '64.
New Creek, W. Va., June 17, '61; Aug.
4, '64.
New Creek Valley, W. Va., Feb. 1, '64.
New Hope, Ky., July 11, '62.
New Hope, Va., Nov. 28, '63.
New Hope Church, Ga., May 25 to June
5, '64.
New Kent C. H., Va., May 9, '62; March
2, '64.
New Lisbon, Ohio, July 26, '63.

New Madrid, Mo., March 3 to 6, and 14,
'62 ; Aug. 7, '63.
New Madrid Bend, Tenn., Oct. 22, '63.
New Market, Va., May 15, July 27 and
28, and Oct. 7, '64.
New Market Bridge, Va., Dec. 22, '61.
New Market Crossroads, Va. , June 30, '62
New Market Heights, Va. , June 24, Sept.
28 to 30, '64.
Newnan, Ga., July 30 and 31, '64.
Newport Barracks, N. O, Feb. 1 to 3,'64
Newport News, Va., July 5, '61.
New Providence, Tenn., Sept. 6, '62.
New River, La., Feb. 9, '64.
New River Bridge, Va., May 9 and 10,
'64.
Newtonia, Mo., Aug. 5, Sept. 13 and 30,
Oct. 4, 5, 7, '62; Sept. 27, '63; Oct.
28 to 30, '61.
Newton, La., Oct. 4, '63.
Newtown, Va., May 24, '62; Nov. 12, '64.
Newton County, Mo., Feb. 10, '63.
New Ulm, Minn., Aug. 25 and 26, '62.
Nickajack Creek, Ga., July 1 to 10, '64.
Nickajack Trace, Ga., April 23, '64.
Nineveh, Va., Nov. 12, '64.
Niobrara, Neb., Dec. 4, '63.
Nolansville, Md., Sept. 9, '62.
Nolensville, Tenn., Dec. 26, '62; Feb. 15,
'63.
Norfolk, Va., May 10, '62.
North Anna River, Va. , July 23, '62.
Northeast River, N. C, Jan. 17, '63.
North Fork, Va., March 6, '65.
North Mountain, Va., July 3, '64.
Northport, Ala. , AprU 3, '65.
North Shenandoah, Va., Oct. — , '61.
Nose's Creek, Ga., June 17, Oct. 1 to 3,
'64.
Nottaway, C. H., Va., June 23, '64.
Nueees River, Tex., Aug. 10, '62.

Oak Grove, Va., June 25, '62.
Oak Hills, Mo., Aug. 10, '61.
Oakland, Miss., Dec. 3 and 8, '64.
Ocean Pond, Fla., Feb. 20, '64.
Occoquan, Va., Mar. 5, Dee. 19, 28, '62.
Occoquan Bridge, Va., Jau. 29, '62.
Occoquan Creek, Va., Nov. 12, '61.
Offett'sKnob, Mo., April 28, '64.
Ogeeche River, Ga., Dec. 7 to 9, '64.
Okalona, Ark., Apr. 3, '64.
Okalona, Miss., Feb. 22, '64.
Old Church, Va., June 13, '62; May 30,
June 10 and 11, '64.
Old Fort Wayne, Ark., Aug. 22, '62.

Old Oaks, La., May 18, '64.
Old Randolph, Mo., Sept. 14, '61.
Old River, La., Feb. 10, '63 ; May 22, '64.
Old River Lake, Ark. , June 5 and 6, '64.
OUve Branch, La., March 6, '65.
Olive Hill, Ky.,Oct. 2, '62.
Oostenaula, Ga., May 13 to 16, '64.
Opelousas, La., Oct. 21, '63.
Opequan, Va., Sept. 19, '64.
Orangeburgh, S. O, Feb. 12, '65.
Orange C. H, Va., July 25, Aug. 2, '62.
Orange Grove, Va., Nov. 26 to 28, '63.
Orchard. Knob, Tenn., Nov. 23, '63.
Oregon County, Mo., Oct. 23, '63; Mar.
19, '64.
Oregon Mountains, Or., Jan. 28, '64.
Orleans, Ind. , June 17, '63.
Osage Mission, Kan., Sept. 26, '64.
Osage River, Mo., Oct. 6, '64.
Osceola, Ark., Aug. 2 and 4, '64.
Osceola, Mo., Sept. 20, 21, '61; May 27,
'62.
Otter Creek, Va., June 16, '64.
Overall's Creek, Tenn., Dec. 4, '64.
Overton's Hills, Tenn., Dec. 15, 16, '64.
Owensborough, Ky., Aug. 27, '64.
Owensburgh, Ky., Sept. 19 and 20, '62.
Owen's Crossroads, S. O, Feb. 2, '65.
Owen's River, Cal., April 9, '62.
Owen's Valley, Cal., Mar. 3, 19, Apr. 10,
'63.
Oxford, Miss., Dec. 3, '62; Aug. 12, 19,
22 and 23, '64.
Oxford Bend, Ark., Oct. 28, '62.
Ox Hill, Va., Sept. 1, '62.
Ozark, Ark., Oct. 29, '63; July 14, 15, '64.
Ozark, Mo., Aug. 2 and Dec. 2, '62.

Painsville, Ky., Jan. 7, '62.
Paint Rock Railroad Bridge, Ark., April
28, '62.
PaintsvUle, Ky., April 13, '64.
Palmer's Creek, Va., May 12 to 16, '64.
Palmetto Ranche, Texas, May 13, '65.
Palmyra, Mo., Nov. 18, '61.
Palmyra, Tenn., Nov. 13, '63.
Palo Alto, Miss., AprU 21 and 22, '63.
Panther Creek, Mo., Aug. 8, '62.
Panther Gap, W. Va., June 3, '64.
Panther Springs, Tenn., March 5, '64.
PapinsviUe, Kan., Sept. 5, '61.
Paris, Ky., July 30, '62; Mar. 11, July
29, '63.
Paris, Tenn., Mar. 11, Apr. 10, '62; Sept.
13, '63.
Parker's Crossroads, Tenn., Dec. 30, '62.

Parkers ville, Mo., July 17, 19, '61; Dec
6, '62.
Pass Christian, Miss., AprU 4, '62.
Pasquotank, N. O, Aug. 18, '63.
Pass Manchas, La., March 20, '64.
Patten, Mo. , July 26, '62.
Patterson, Mo., AprU 20, '63.
Patterson Creek, Va., Feb. 3, '64.
PattersonvUle, La., March 28, '63.
Pawnee Forks, Kan. , Nov. 25, '64.
Pawnee Reservation, June 20, '63.
Payne's Plantation, Miss., Aug. 18, '63.
Payne's Tavern, Va., Nov. 26 to 28, '63.
Peach Orchard, Va., June 29, '62.
Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 19, 20, '64.
Pea Ridge, Ark., March 6 to 8, '62.
Pea Vine Creek, Ga., Nov. 27, '63.
Pechacho Pass, D. T., April 15, '62.
Pembescott Bayou, Ark., April 8, '64.
Pendleton, Mo., Oct. 29, '62.
Pensaoola, Fla., Nov. 23, 61; Apr. 2, '64.
Peralto, N. Mex., AprU 15, '62.
Perry County, Ky., Nov. 9, '62.
Perryville, Ark., Aug. 26, '63.
PerryvUle, Ky., Oct. 6, 7 and 8, '62.
Perry viUe, I. T., Aug. 26, '63
Petersburg, Tenn., March 2 and 4, '63.
Petersburg, Va., June 10, '64, to AprU 3,
'65.
Petersburg, W. Va., Sept. 7, '61; Jan. 8,
'64.
Petit Jean, Ark., July 12, '64.
Philadelphia, Tenn., Oct. 20, 22, 26, '63.
PhUimont, Va., Nov. 1, '62.
Philippi, W. Va., June 3, '61.
PhUip's Creek, Miss., May 21, '62.
Piedmont Station, Va., May 16, '63.
Pierce's Point, Fla., Oct. 18, '64.
Pierson's Farm, Va., June 16, '64.
Pigeon Roost Creek, Miss., May 14, '63.
Piketown, Ky., Nov. 9, '61.
Pikeville, Ark., June 25 to 29, '64.
Pikeville, Ky., AprU 15, '63.
Pilot Knob, Mo., Sept. 26 to 29, Oct. 26,
'64.
Pinal Creek, Ariz. T., Aug. 1 and 5, '64.
Pinckney Island, S. O, Aug. 21, '62.
Pine Barren Creek, Ala., Dec. 17 to 19,
'64; March 25, '65.
Pine Barren Fork, Fla., Dec. 17, 18, '64.
Pine Bluff, Ark., Oct. 25, '63; Jan. 19,
May 1, 21, June 27, July 2, '64.
Pine Bluff, Tenn., Aug. 19, 64.
Pine Forest, Nev., Nov. 17, '65.
Pine Knob, Ga., June 19, '64.
Pine Mountain, Ga., June 14, '64.
PinevUle, Mo., Nov. 19, '62; Aug. 13, '63.

XXI

Piney Factory, Tenn., Nov. 3, '63.
Piney Woods, La., April 2, '64.
Pink HiU, Mo., June 11, '62.
Pinos Altos, Ariz. T., Feb. 27, '64.
Pinos Altos Mines, Ariz. T., Jan. 29, '63.
Pittman's Ferry, Ark., July 20, Nov. 25,
'62.
Pittman's Ferry, Mo., Oct. 27, '62.
Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., Mar. 2, Apr.
6 and 7, '62.
Plain's Store, La., May 21, '63; Apr. 7,
•64.
Platte Bridge, Dak., June 3, July 26, '65.
Platte City, Mo., July 3, '64.
Plattsburg, Mo., Oct. 27, '61.
Plaquemine, La., June 18, '63; June 28,
Aug. 6, '64.
Pleasant Grove, La., AprU 8, '64.
Pleasant HUls, La., AprU 9, '64.
Pleasant HiU, Mo., July 8, 11, '62; May
25 and 28, '64.
Pleasant Hill Landing, La., April 12, '64.
Pleasant Ridge, Ala., April 6, '65.
Plenitude, Miss., July 10, '64.
Plymouth, N. O, Sept. 2, '62; Nov. 26,
'63; Apr. 1, 17 to 20, '64.
Pocahontas, Ark., Aug. 22, '63.
Pocahontas, Mo., Feb. 10, '64.
Pocotaligo, S. C, May 29, Oct. 22, '62;
Jan. 14 to 16, '65.
Point Lick, Ky., Oct. 23, '62.
Point Lookout, Va., May 13, '64.
Point of Rocks, Kan., Jan. 20, '65.
Point of Rocks, Md., Aug. 5, '61 ; June
9 and July 4, '64.
Point Pleasant, La., June 25, '64.
Point Pleasant, W. Va., March 30, '63.
Poison Springs, Ark., April 18, '64.
Polk's Plantation, Ark., May 25, '63.
PoUocksville, N. C, Apr. 14, '62; Jan.
17, '63.
Ponchatoula, La., Sept. 14, '62; Mar. 24,
May 13, '63.
Pond Creek, Ky., May 16, '64.
Pond Spring, Ala., Dec. 29, '64.
Pontotoc, Miss., July 11, '64.
Poole's Station, Ga., Dec. 7 to 9, '64.
Poolesville, Md., Sept. 7, '62.
Poplar Springs Church, Va., Sept. 30,
Oct. 1, '64.
Port Gibson, Miss., May 1, Dec. 26, '63;
July 7 and 15, Oct. 1, '64.
Port Hudson, La., Mar. 14, May 22 to
July 9, '63.
Port Republic, Va.. June 9, '62.
Port Roval, S. C, Nov. 7, '61 ; Jan. 1, '62.
Port WalthaU, Va., June 16 and 17, '64.

Potosi, Mo., Aug. 10, '61.
Pound Gap, Ky., AprU 19, '64.
Pound Gap, Tenn., March 14, '62.
Pound Gap expedition, Tenn., July 6, '63.
Powder River, Da., Sept. 5 to 11, '65.
Powder's Mill, Mo., Oct 3, '64.
Powder Springs, Ga., June 20, '64.
Powder Springs Creek, Ga. , Oct. 1 to 3,
'64.
Powell's River Bridge, Tenn., Feb. 22,
'64.
Powhatan, Va., Jan. 25, '65.
Prairie Chapel, Mo., Sept. 4, '62.
Prairie D'Ann, Ark., AprU 10 to 13, '64.
Prairie Station, Miss., Feb. 21, '63; Feb.
20, '64.
Preble's Farm., Va., Sept. 30, Oct. 1, '64.
Prentis, Miss., Sept. 20, '62.
Prestonburg, Ky., Jan. 10, '62.
Prince's Place. Mo., Oct. 6, '64.
Princeton, Ark., Dec. 6, 8, '63; Apr. 29,
Oct. 23, '64.
Princeton, Ky., June 10, '64.
Princeton, W. Va., May 15 to 18, '62;
May 6, '64.
Pritchard's MUls, Md., Sept. 15, '61.
Proctor's Creek, Va., May 12 to 16, '64.
Pueblo Colorado, N. Mex., Aug. 18, '63.
Pulaski, Ala., July 15, '63.
Pulaski, Tenn. , May 4, '62 ; May 13, Sept.
26, 27, Dec. 25, '64.
Pumpkin Vine Creek, Ga. , May 25 to
June 4, '64.
Putnam, Mo., Sept. 1, '62.
Putnam's F"erry, Mo., April 2, '62,
Pyramid Lake, Nev., May 14, '65.

Quaker Road, Va., Mar. 29, '65.
Quicksand Creek, Ky., Apr. 6, '64.
Quincy, Mo., Nov. 1, '64.

Raccoon Ford, Ala., Oct. 30, '64.
Raccoon Ford, Va., Sept. 14, 19, '63;
Nov. 26, '63.
Raceland, La., June 22, '62.
Raid— Rocky Mount, N. O, July 18 to
21, '63.
Raid— Tar River, N. O, July 18 to 21,
'63.
Baid to Gordonsville, Va., Dec. 8 to 28,
'64.
Raleigh, N. C, April 7 and 13, '65.
Randolph County, Mo., May 8, '64.
Rapidan, Va., Oct. 10, 17, '63; March 1,
'64.

XX11

Rapidan Station, Va., May 1, '63.
Rappahannock Bridge, Va., Nov. 8, '62;
Oct. 24, '63.
Rappahonnock Crossing, Va., Oct. 22,
'63.
Rappahannock Station, Va., Aug. 20 to
23, '62; Aug. 1, 2, '63; Nov. 7, '63.
Raymond, Miss., May 12, '63; Feb. 4, '64.
Raytown, Mo., June 23, '62.
Ready vUle, Tenn., Aug. 28, '62; Sept. 7,
'64.
Ream's Station, Va., June 22, 29, Aug.
25, '64.
Rector's Farm, Ark., Dec. 19, '64.
Red Bone, Miss., April 21, '64.
Red Bone Church, Mo., Sept. 25, '63.
Red Clay, Ga., May 3, '64.
Red Hill, Ala., Jan. 14, '65.
Red House, W. Va., July 12, '61.
Red Mound, Tenn., Dec. 30, '62.
Red Oaks, Qa., Aug. 19, 20, 28, '64.
Red River expedition, La., May — , '64.
Redoubt before Yorktown, Va., Apr. 26,
'62.
Redwood, Cal., Aug. 4, '63.
Redwood, Minn., Aug. 18, '62.
Redwood Creek, Cal., July 7, '63.
Reed's Mountains, Ark. , Dec. 5, '62.
Reedy Creek, W. Va. ,May 13, '66.
Renick, Mo., Nov. 1, '61.
Rensey's Ferry, Mo., May 31, '62.
Rerock, Ariz., Mar. 24, '65.
Resaca, Ga., May 13 to 16, Oct. 12, '64.
Reynold's Plantation, Ga., Nov. 27 to 29,
'64.
Rhea's MUls. Ark., Nov. 7, '62.
Rahertown, Tenn., Oct. 11, '63.
Richfield, Mo., May 19, '63.
Richland, Ark. , May 3, '64.
Richland, Tenn., Oct. 23, 62; Sept. 26,
'64.
Richmond, Ky , Aug. 30, '62; July 28, '63
Richmond, La., Mar. 30, June 15, '63.
Richmond, Miss., June 14, '63.
Richmond, Va., Sept. 29 and 30, Oct. 28
and 29, '64; Mar. 30 to Apr. 3, '65.
Richmond and Petersburgh R. R., Va. ,
May 6 and 7, '64.
Rich Mountain, W. Va., July 11, '61.
Rickett's. HiU, Tenn., Aug. 6, Sepf 7, '62
Riddle's Shop, Va., June 13, '64.
Rienzi, Miss., Aug. 19, 26, Sept. 9, 18,
'62.
Rincon de Mascaras, N. Mex., Dec. 11,
'63.
Ringgold, Ga. Sept. 11, Nov. 27, '63.
Rio De Los Animus, N. Mex., July 19, '63

Rio Hondo, N. Mex., July 18, '63.
Rio Verde, Ariz. Oct. 13, '65.
Ripley, Miss., July 7. Dec. 1, '63; June
7 and 11, and July 7, '64.
Ripley, Tenn., Jan. 8, '63.
River's Bridge, S. C, Feb. 3 to 9, '65.
Roache's Plantation, Miss., Mar. 31, ' 64
Roanoke, Mo., Sept. 6, '62.
Roanoke Island, N. C, Feb, 8, '62.
Roan's Tanyard, Mo., Jan. 8, '62.
Robertson's Run, Na., Oct. 10, '63.
Robertson's Mills, Miss., Oct. 17, 63.
Robertson's Tavern, Va., Nov. 28, '63.
Rocheport, Mo., June 1 and 18, '63.
Rock Canon, Nev., Feb. 15, '66.
Rock Creek, Dak., July 1, '65.
Rockford, Tenn., Nov. 14, '63.
Rock House, W. Va., Feb. 12, '64.
Rockingham, N. C, March 7, '65.
Rockport, Ark. , March 25, '64.
Rockport, Mo., Sept. 23, '64.
Rockville, Md., Sept. 22, 1863.
Rocky Bluff, Mo., Aug. 7, '62.
Rocky Creek Church, Ga. , Dec. 2, '64.
Rocky Crossing, Miss., June 20, '63.
Rocky Face Ridge, Ga., Feb. 23 to 27,
Mar. 5 to 9, and May 8 to 12. '64.
Rocky Gap, Ky., June 9, '63.
Rocky Gap, Va., Aug. 26, '63.
Rodgersville, Tenn., Aug. 22, '64.
Rodney, Miss., Dec. 17 and 24, '63,
March 4 and Aug. 1, '64.
Rogersville, Ala., May 13, '62.
Rogersville, Tenn., Nov. 6, '63.
Rolla, Mo., Aug. 1 and Nov. 1, '64.
Rolling Fork, Miss., Nov. 22, '64.
RoUing Prairie, Ark. , Jan. 23 and Feb.
4, '64,
Rome, Ga., May 17 and 18, Oct. 13, '64
Rome Crossroads, Ga., May 16, '64.
Romney, W. Va., June 11, Oct. 26, '61.
Rood s Hill, Va., May 14, Nov. 22, '64.
Rosecrans 's Tenn. Campaign, June 23
to 30, '63.
Roseville, Ark., Nov. 12, '63, March 29
and AprU 4, 5, and 15, 64.
Roseville Creek, Ark, March 20, '64.
Ross Lauding, Ark., Feb. 14, 64.
Round Away Bayou, La., March 30, '63
Round Hill, Ark., July 7, '62.
Round Hill, Tenn., Aug. 28, '62.
Rousseau's Campaign, Tenn., June 23
to 30, 63.
Rover, Tenn., Jan. 31, June 23, '63.
Rowanty Creek, Na., Feb. 5 and 7, '65.
Ruckersville, Miss., Oct. 6., 62.
Rural Hills, Tenn., Nov. 18, '62.

XX111

Rush Creek, I. T., Feb. 9. '65.
Russell's House, Miss., May 17, '62.
Russell ville, Ky., July 29, Sept. 30, '62
Russell ville, Mo., Oct. 9, '64.
Russellville, Tenn., July 1, '62.
Rutherford's Creek, Tenn. , Mar 10 '63 •
Dec. 19, '64.

Sabine Pass, La., Sept. 8, '63.
Sacramento, Ky., Dec. 28, '61.
Sacramento Mountains, N. Mex., Auc
25, '64; July 1, '65.
Sage Creek, D. T., April 21, '65.
Salem, Miss., Oct. 8, '63; June 11, '64.
Salem, Mo., Dec. 3, '61; July 6, Aug. 9.
'62.
Salem, N. O, April 3, '65.
Salem, Va., Nov. 5, '62; June 21, '64.
Salem Cemetery, Tenn., Dec. 18, '62.
Sulem Church, Va., June 2, '64.
Salem Pike, Tenn., March 21, '63.
Salem Heights, Va., May 3 and 4, '63
Salin, I. T., Dec. 2, '62.
Saline County, Mo., July 30, '63.
Saline River, Ark-, May 4, '64; May —
'65.
Salisbury, Tenn., Aug. 11, '62; Apr. 16,
Dec*. 3, '63.
Salkehatchie, S. C, Feb. 9, '65.
Salkehatchie River, S. O, Feb. 6, '65.
Salt Lick, Va., Oct. 14, '63.
Salt Springs, Ga., Oct. 1, '64.
Saltville, Va., Oct. 2, Dec. 20, '64.
Salyersville, Ky., Nov. 30, 63.
Samaria Church, Va., June 15, 24, '64.
Sam Jones surrendered, Fla., May 10,
'65.
San Andres Mountain, N. Mex. , July 1,
'65.
San Carlos River, Cal., May 27, '64.
Sand Creek, I. T„ Dec. 9, '64.
Sandersville, Ga., Nov. 26, '64.
Sand Mountain, Ala., AprU 30, '63; Jan.
27, '65.
Sandy Swamp, N. C, Dec. 18, '63.
Sangster's Station, Va., Dec. 15, '63.
Santa Fe, Mo., Julv 24 and 25, '62.
Santa Rosa, Fla., Oct. 9, '61.
Saratoga, Ky., Oct. 26, '61.
Sartoria, Miss. , June 4, '63.
Sauk Centre, Minn., Sept. 10, '62.
Saulsbury, Miss., July 2, '64.
Saunders, Fla., May 19, '64.
Savage's Station, Va., June 29, '62.
Savannah, Ga., Dec. 10 to 21, '64.

Savannah, Tenn., April 16, '62.
Scarytown, W. Va., July 17, '61.
Scatterville. Ark., July 10, Aug. 3, '62.
Scottsborough, Ala., Jan. 8, '65.
Scott's Farm, Ark., Feb. 12, '64.
Scott's Ford, Mo., Oct. 14, '63.
Scott's Mills Road. Tenn., Jan. 27, '64
Scottsville, Ala., April 2 and 3, '65.'
ScrougesvUle, Tenn., Nov. 27, '62 '
Scullyville, I. T., April 16, '64.
Seabrook's Point, S. C, June 1, '62.
Searcy, Ark., June 3, July 4, Sept 6
and 13, '64.
Searcy Landing, Ark., May 19, '62.
Secessionville, S. C, June 16, '62; Julv
16, '63.
Section 37, N. & N. W. R. R., Tenn
Nov. 24, '64.
Sedalia, Mo., April 9, '63. Oct. 15, '64
Selma, Ala., April 2, '65.
Senatobia, Miss., Map 25, '63.
Seneca, Md., June 11, '63.
Seneca Station, I. T., Sept. 14, '63.
Seven Days' Battles, Va., June 26 to
July 1, '62.
Seven Pines, Va., May 31, June 1, '62.
Shady Springs, W. Va., Aug. 28, '62.
Shady Springs, W. Va., July 14, '63.
Shanghai, Mo., Sept 27, Oct. 13, '61.
Shannon HiU, Va., May 4, '63.
Sharon, Miss., Feb. 27, '64.
Sharpsburg, Md., Sept. 17, '62.
Shawnee Mound, Mo., Dec. 18, '61.
Shawneetown, Kans., June 6., '63.
Shelbina, Mo., Sept. 4, '61.
Shelburne, Mo., Sept. 15, '62.
Shelby Depot, Tenn., Oct. 23. '62.
Shelby ville, Tenn., June 27, '63.
Shelby ville Pike, Tenn., June 4 and
Oct. 7, '63.
Shell's MiUs, Ark, Oct. 16, '62.
Shepherdstown, W. Va., Oct., 1,'62;
July 16, '63; Aug. 25, '61.
Shepherdsville, Ky., Sept. 21, '62.
Sheridan's Raid, Va., May 9 to 13, '63;
Feb. 27 to March 25, '65.
Sherwood, Mo., May 18, 1863.
Shiloh, Tenn., April 6 and 7, '62.
Ship's Gap, Ga., Oct. 16, '64.
Shirley's Ford, Mo., Sept. 20, '62.
Shoal Creek, Ala., Nov. 9, '64.
Sibley's Landing, Mo., Oct. 6, '62.
Silver Creek, Ala., Nov. 9, '64.
Silver Creek, Ga., Oct. 13, '64.
Silver Lake, Fla , Feb. 20, '64.
SUver Run, N. C, March 13, '65.

Simmsport, La., May 18, Oct. 6, '64.
Simpson ville, Ky., Jan. 25, '65.
Sinking Creek, Va., Nov. 26, '62.
Sinkpole Woods, Mo., March 23, '62.
Sipsey Swamp, Ala. , AprU 6, '65.
Six Mile Creek, Ala., March 31, '65.
Six Mile House, Va., Aug. 18 to 21, '64.
Skull Valley, A. T, May 26, '65.
Slaughterville, Ky., Sept. 3, '62.
Slaughter Mountain, Va. , Aug. 9, '62.
Smithfield, Ky., Jan. 5, '65.
Smithfield, Va„ Feb. 13, Sept. 15, '63;
Feb. 1, Apr. 14, Aug. 25, 29, 30, '64
Smithsburg, Md., July 4, .'63.
Smith's Farm, N. C, March 16, '65.
Smith's Station, I. T., May 12, '64.
Smithville, Ark., June 18, '62.
Smoky HiU, Col., May 16, '64.
Smoky Hill Crossing, Kans., Aug. 16, '64
Smyrna, Ga., July 2 to 5, '64.
Snaggy Point, La., May 3. '64.
Snake Creek Gap, Ga., May 8 to 10,
Oct. 15, '64.
Snia Hills, Mo., AprU 29 and May 21,
'64.
Snicker's Gap, Va., Nov. 2, '62; July
17, '64.
Snicker's Gap PUce, Va., Aug. 19, '64.
Snicker's Ferry, Va., July 18, '64.
Snow Hill, Tenn., April '2, 3, '63.
Snyder's Bluff, Miss., April 30, '63.
Soldier's Grove, Cal., Sept. 26, '64.
Solomon's Gap, Md., July 7, '64.
Somerset, Ky., March 30, '63.
SomervUle, Tenn., Jan. 3; Mar. 29, '63
SomerviUe Heights, Va., May 7, '62.
South Anna, Va., June 26, '63; March
15, '65.
So. Br. Edisto River, S. C, Feb. 9, '65.
South Br. Watonwan, Minn., Apr.16,'63
South Fork, Fla., Feb. 9 and 10, '64.
South MUls, N. G, April 19, '62.
South Mountain, Md., Sept. 14, '62.
South Quay, Va., AprU 17, '63.
South Quay Bridge, Va., May 1, '63.
South Tunnel, Tenn., Oct. 10, '64.
South Union, Ky., May 13, '63.
Southwest Creek, N. O, Dec. 13, '62.
Southwest Mountain, Va., Aug. 9, '62.
Spanish Fork Canon, €., Apr. 15, '63.
Spanish Fork, Ala , Mar. 20 to Apr. 8,
'65.
Sparta, Tenn., Aug. 4, '62; Aug. 9, Nov.
26, '63.
Sperryville, Va., July 5, '62.
Spoonville, Ark., April 2, '64.
Sporting Hill, Pa., June 30, 63.

Spottsylvania, Va., May 8 to 21, '64.
Spottsylvania C. H, Va., Apr. 30, '63.
Spring Creek, J. T., June 6, '63.
Spring Creek, Mo., Ajig. 23, '62.
Springfield, Mo., Aug. 10, Oct. 5, 20,
'61 ; Feb. 13, '62; Jan. 7, 8, Dec. 16,
'63.
Springfield, W. Va., Feb. 3, '64.
Springfield Landing, La., July 2, '63.
Spring Hill, Mo., Oct. 27, '61.
Spring HiU, Tenn., Mar. 4, 5, '63; Nov.
29, '64.
Spring River, Ark., Mar. 18, '62; Feb.
9, '64.
Spring River, Mo., Sept. 1, '62; Feb. 19,
'63.
StandardsviUe, Va., March 1, '64.
Stanford, Ky., Oct. 14, '62. -
State Creek, Ky., June 11, '63.
Statesboro, Ga., Dec. 4, '64.
St. Augustine, Fla., Dec. 30, '63.
Staunton Bridge, Va. , June 24, '64.
Staunton Road, Va., June 1 and 2, '62.
St. Catherine's Creek, Miss., July 28, '63
St. Charles, Ark., June 17, '62; June 25,
and 29, '64.
Sterling's Farm, La., Sept. 12, 29, '63.
Stevensburgh, Va., Nov. 7, '63.
Stevens' Gap, Ga., Sept. 11, '63.
Stevenson, Ala., Aug. 31, '62.
Stevenson's Depot, Va., July 20, '64.
Stewart's Creek, Tenn., Dec. 29, '62,
and Jan. 1, '63.
St. Francis County, Mo., April 8, '63.
St. Francois Rivei-, Mo. , April 30 and
May 1, '63.
St. George's Creek, Ohio, July 19, '63.
St. John's River, S. G, May 23, '64.
St. Louis, Streets of, Mo. , May 10, '61.
St. Mary's River, Fla., Feb. 9, 10, 64.
St. Mary's Trestle, Fla., July 26, '64.
Stockade, Stone River, Tenn., Oct. 5, '63
Stockton, Mo., Aug. 9, '62.
Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, '62, to Jan.
3, '63.
Stone Farm, Ark., April 5, '64.
Stone's Ferry, Ala., July 15, '64.
Stony Creek, Va., June 28, '64.
Stony Creek Station, Va., May 7, Oct.
11 and Dec. 1, '64.
Stony Lake, Dak., July 28, '63.
Stony Point, Ark., May 20, '64.
Strasburgh, Va. , March 27, June 1 and
2, 62; Oct. 9, '64.
Strasburgh Road, Va., Feb. 26, and
April 23, '63.
Strawberry Plains, Tenn., Jan. 10, '64.

XXV

Strawberry Plains, Va., Aug. 14, 18, '64
St. Stephen's, S. O, March 1, '65.
Stumptown, Mo., Aug. 2, '63.
Sturgeon, Mo.. Sept. 22, '62.
St. Vrain's Old Fort, N. Mex., Nov. 25,
'64.
Suffolk, Va., Dec. 28, '62; Apr. 4, May
15 and 16, '63; March 9, '64.
Sugar Creek, Ark., Oct. 17, '62.
Sugar Creek, Mo., Jan. 8, Feb 17 and
18, '62.
Sugar Creek, Tenn., Oct. 9, '63; Dec.
25 and 26, '64.
Sugar Loaf Battery, N. O, Feb. 11, '65.
Sugar Loaf Hill, N. O, Jan. 19, '65.
Sugar Loaf Mountain, Md., Sept. 10, '62
Sugar Valley, Ga., May 13 to 16, '64.
Sulphur Branch Trestle, Ala., Sept. 25,
'64.
Sulphur Springs, Ala., Jan. 25, '64.
Sulphur Springs, Va., Aug. 25, _62.
Sulphur Springs Bridge, Va., Aug. 11,
'64.
Summerville, Miss., Nov. 26, '62.
Summerville, Tenn, Dec. 24 and 25, '63.
Summerville, Va., Feb. 9, '63.
Summerville, W. Va., Aug. 26, '61.
Summit Point, Va., Aug. 21, '64.
Sumterville, S. O, Mar. 23, Apr. 9,_ '65.
Sunnyside Landing, Ark., June 7, '64.
Supply Train, Tenn., Oct. 23, '63.
Sutton, Va., Sept. 23, '62.
Suwano Gap, N. C, April 23, '65.
Swallow's Bluff, Tenn., Sept. 30, *63.
Swan Lake, Ark., April 23, '64.
Swan's Quarter, N. O, March 4, '63.
Sweetwater, Ga., Oct. 1 to 3, '64.
Sweetwater, Tenn., Oct. 24, '63.
Swift Creek, S. C, April 19, '65.
Swift Creek, Va., May 8 to 10, '64.
Swift Creek Bridge, N. C, June 27, '62.
Switzer's Mill, Mc, Aug. 10, '62.
Sycamore Church, Va., Aug. 3, '62 ; Sept.
16, '64.
Sykestown, Mo., March 1, '62.
Sylamore, Ark., May 28 and 29, '62.
Sylvan Grove, Ga., Nov. 26, '64.
Syracuse, Mo., Oct. 14, '63.
T
Taberville, Ark., Aug. 11, '62.
Taberville, Mo., Aug. 2, '62.
Table Mountain, Nev., May 20, '65
Tabourville, Ark., July 20, '52.
Tab-kah-o-kuty, Dak., July 28, '64.
Tahlequah, I. T., March 30, '63.
Talbot's Ferry, Ark., April 19, '62.

Talbot's Station, Tenn., Dec. 29, '63.
Tallahatchie, Fla., June 18, '62.
Tallahatchie River, Miss., Aug. 7 to 9,
'64.
Talladega, Ala., April 22, '65.
Tanner s Bridge, Ga., May 15, '04.
Taylor's Bridge, Va., May 25 to 27, '04.
Taylor's Ford, Tenn., Nov. 10, '61.
Taylor's Hole Creek, March 15, '05.
Taylor's Ridge, Ga., Nov. 27, '63.
Taylor surrendered, May 4, '65.
Taylorsville, Ky., April 18, '65.
Taylorsville, Va., Feb. 29, '64.
Tazewell, Tenn., Aug. 6, '62; Jan. 24,
'64.
Tebb's Bend, Ky., July 4, '63.
Ten Islands, Ala., July 14, '04.
Ten miles from Columbus, Ky., Jan. 18,
'65.
Terre Noir Creek, Ark., April 2, '64.
Terrisville, Tenn., Jan. 14, '64.
Texas County, Mo., Sept. 12, '63.
The Cedars, Tenn., Dec. 5 to 8. '64.
The Island, Mo., March 30, '63.
The Orchards, Va., June 25, '62.
Thibodeauxville, La., Oct. 27, '62.
Thomas Place, Cal., June 28, '64.
Thomas Ranche, Cal., Nov. 12, '63.
Thomas Station, Ga., Nov. 27 to 29, Dec.
3, '64.
Thompson Cove, Tenn., Oct. 3, '63.
Thompson's Station, Tenn., March 4 and
5, '63.
Thornburg, Va., Aug. 6, '62.
Thorn Hill, Ala., Jan. 3, '65.
Thoroughfare Gap, Va., Apr. 2, Oct. 17,
and Nov. 5, '62.
Tickf aw River, Miss., May 1, '63.
Tillafinny River, S. O, Dec. 6 to 9, '64.
Tilton, Ga., Oct. 13, '64.
Tilton, Tenn., May 13, '64.
Timber Hill, I. T., Nov. 19, '64.
Tobbert's Ferry, Ark., March 20, '65.
Tobosofkee, Ga., April 20, '65.
Todd's Tavern, Va., May 8, '64.
Totopotomoy, Va., May 28 to 31, '64.
Tompkinsville, Ky., July 9, '62; AprU
23, '63.
Tom's Brook, Va., Oct. 9, '64.
Tongue River. Dak., Aug. 29, '65.
Toon's Station, Tenn., Aug. 31, '62.
Torpedo explosion, N. O, May 26, '64.
Town Creek, Ala., April 27 and 28, '63.
Town Creek, N. O, Feb. 20, '65.
Township, Fla., Jun. 26, '63.
Tracy City, Tenn., Jan. 20, '64.
Training Post, Ark., Oct. 24, '64.

Tranter's Creek, N. C, June 5, '62.
Treadwell's Plantation, Miss., Oct. 20,
'63.
Trenton, Ark., Oct. 14, '62.
Trenton, N. O, Dec. 12, '62.
Trenton, Tenn., Aug. 7, Dec. 20, '62.
Trenton Bridge, N. G, May 14, '62.
TrevUUan Station, Va., June 11, 12, '64.
Trinity, Ala,, July 24, '62.
Trinity River, Cal., Nov. 13, '63.
Trion, Ala., AprU 1, '65.
Triplet's Bridge, Ky., June 16, '63.
Triune, Tenn., June 9, '63.
Try Mountain, Ky., Nov. 9, '61.
Tule Rosa Valley, Cal., Feb 26, '63.
Tulip, Ark., Oct. 10, '63.
TuUahoma, Tenn., July 1, '63.
Tunnel HiU, Ga., Jan. 28, Feb. 25 to 27,
May 7, '64.
Tunnel Hill, Miss., Feb. 13, '64.
Tunnel Mountain, Miss., Feb. 7, '64.
Tunstall Station, Va., June 14, '62; May
4, '63 ; March 3, '64.
Tupelo, Miss., May 6, '63; July 13 to 15
and 25, '64.
Turkey Bend, Va., June 30, '62.
Turkey Island Bridge, Va., July 20, '62.
Turman's Ferrv, Ky., Jan. 9, '64.
Turnback Creek, Mo., April 26, '63.
Turner's Gap, Md., Sept. 14, '62.
Tuscahoma, Miss., May 15, '63.
Tuscaloosa, Ala., April 4, '65.
Tuscumbia, Ala. , Feb. 22, Apr. 24, Oct.
24 to 27, '63.
Tuscumbia, Miss., May 30, '62.
Tuscumbia Creek, Miss., May 30, Oct.
5, '62.
Tuscumbia River, Ala., Oct. 5, '62.
Two Hills, Dak., Aug. 8, '64.
Tyree Springs, Tenn, Nov. 7 and 8, '62.
u
Union, Miss., Feb. 21 and 22, '64.
Union, Va., Nov. 3, '62.
Union Church, Miss., April 28, '63.
Union Church, Va., June 8, '62.
Union City, Ky., March 24, '64.
Union City, Tenn., Mar. 30, '62; July
10, Nov. 19, '63.
Union Mills, Mo., Aug. 20 '62.
Union Station, Tenn., Nov. 1 to 4, '64.
UnionvUle, Tenn., Mar. 4 and 5, '63.
University Place, Tenn., July 4, '63.
Upper Missouri River, Ark., Oct. 10, '62.
UppervUle, Va., Nov. 3, '62; June 21 and
Sept. 25, '63.
Upton Hill, Va., Oct. 12, '61.

Utoy Creek, Ga., Aug. 5 and 6, '64.
V
Vache Grass, Ark., Sept. 26, '64.
VaUey Station, Col., Jan. 15, '65.
Valverde, N. Mex., Feb. 21, '62.
Van Buren, Ark., Dec. 21, 28, '62; Aug.
12, '64.
Van Buren County, Ark, Mar. 25, '64.
Vance's Store, Ark., Oct. 2, '63.
Van Wert, Ga., Oct. 10, '64.
VarneU's Station, Ga., May 7 and 9, '64.
Vaughan Road, Va., Feb. 5 to 7, '65.
Vaughan, Miss., May 12, '64.
Vaught's Hill, Tenn., March 20, '63.
Vera Cruz, Ark., Nov. 3, '64.
VermUion Bayou, La. , Apr. 17, Oct. 10,
and Nov. 30, '63.
Verona, Ind., July 12, '63.
Verona, Miss., Dec. 25, '64.
Vicksburg, Miss., May 18 to July 4, Aug.
27, '63; Feb. 13, July 4, '64.
Vidalia, La., Sept. 14, '63; Feb. 7, July
22, '64.
Vienna, Va., June 17, Dec 3, '61; Sept.
2, '62.
Village Creek, Ark., June 27, '62.
Vincent's Crossroads, Miss., Oct. 26, '63.
Vinegar Hill, S. C, Aug. 26, '63.
Vin ng Station, Va., July 2 to 5, '64.
w
Wachita Indian Agency, Tex., Feb. 10,
'63.
Waddell's Farm, Ark., June 12, 27, '62.
Wadesburg, Mo., Dec. 24, '61.
Waldron, Ark., Sept. 11, Oct. 6, Dec.
30, '63 ; Feb. 1, '64.
Walker's Ford, W. Va., Dec. 2, '63.
Walkersville, Mo., AprU 2 and 14, '62.
Wallace's Ferry, Ark., July 26, '64,
Wall Bridge, Va., May 5, ''64.
Wall HU1, Miss., Feb. 12, '64.
Walnut Creek, Mo., Aug. 8, '62.
Walnut Grove Church, Ga., June 24. '63.
Walthal, Va., June 16, '64.
Wapping Heights, Va., July 23, '63.
Wardensville, Va., May 28, '62.
Warm Springs, N. Mex., June 20, '63.
Warm Springs, N. C, Nov. 26, '63.
Warm Springs, Tenn. , Aug. 19, '63.
Warrensburg, Mo., Oct. 18, '61 ; Mar, 26,
28, Apr. 8, June 17, '62 ; May 28,
'64.
Warrenton Junction, Va., Sept. 26, '62;
May 3 and 14, '63.
Warrenton Springs, Va., Oct. 12, 13, '63.

Warsaw, Mo., Oct. 16, '61; Apr. 8, 17,
28, '62; Oct. 8, '63.
Warsaw, N. G, AprU 6, '65.
Wartrace, Tenn., Oct. 5, '63.
Washington, N. C, Sept. 6, '62; March
30 to Apr. 4, Nov. 1, '63.
Waterford, Miss., Nov. 29 and 30, '62;
Aug. 16 and 17, '64.
Waterford, 'Va., Aug. 7, '63.
Waterloo, La., Oct. 20, '64.
Waterloo Bridge, Va., Aug. 23, '62.
Water Proof, La., Nov. 21, '63 ; Feb. 14,
15, Apr. 20, '64.
Water Valley, Miss., Dec. 4, '62.
Waugh's Farm, Ark., Feb. 19, '64.
Wauhatchie, Tenn., Oct. 27, '63.
Wautauga Bridge, Tenn., Dec. 30, '62;
Apr. 25 and 26, '64.
Waverly, Tenn., Oct. 23, '62; April 10,
'63.
Wayne County, Mo., April 26, '64.
Wayne C. H, W. Va., Aug. 27, '61.
Waynesboro' Ga., Nov. 27 to 29, Dec. 4,
'64.
Waynesboro', Va., Sept. 28, Oct. 2, '64;
March 2, '65.
Waynesville, Mo., Aug. 25, '63.
Weaver's Store, Ky., April 28, '63.
Webber's Falls, I. T., Apr. 11, 26, Sept.
9, Oct. 12, '63.
Welaka, Fla., May 19, '64.
Weldon Railroad, Va. , June 22 and 23,
Aug. 18 to 22, '64.
Weldon R. R. expedition, Va., Dec. 7 to
11, '64.
Wellington, Mo., July 8, '64.
WentzvUle, Mo., July 15 to 17, '61.
West Branch, Va., April 14, '63.
West Liberty, Ky., Oct. 23, '61.
Westminster, Md., June 29, '63.
Weston, W. Va., Aug. 31, '62.
West Plains, Mo., Feb. 18, '62.
West Point, Ark., Aug. 14, '63; June 16,
July 28, Aug. 5, '64.
West Point, Ga., April 16, '65.
West Point, Miss., Feb. 21, '64.
West Point, Mo., Oct. — , '61; Aug. 14,
'63; Oct. 26, '64.
West Point, Va., May 7 and 8, '62.
West Point R. R., Ga., July 18, '64.
Westport, Mo., June 17, '63 ; Oct. 23, '64.
Westprairie, Mo., July 23, '62.
Weyer's Cave, Va., Sept. 27, '64.
Whiphy, S. C, Feb. — , '65.
Whistler's Station, Ala., April 13, '65.
White County, Ark., Feb. 9, '64.
White County, Tenn., Jan. 16, '64.

Whitehall, N. C. , Dec. 16, '62.
White House, Va., June 20, '64.
White House Landing, Va., June 21, '64.
White Mountains, Dak., Nov. 25, '02.
White Oak Creek, Ark., Apr. 14, Aug.
11, '64.
White Oak Ridge, Ky., Aug. 19, '62.
White Oak Road, Va., March 31, '03.
White Oak Swamp Bridge, Va., Aug. 4,
'62 ; June 13, '64.
White Post, Va., June 13, Aug. 11, Dec.
6, '64.
White River, Ark., May 6, '62 ; Apr. 26,
'63 ; June 22, 24, Oct. 22, '64.
White River, Mo., Aug. 4, '62; Apr. 17,
'63.
White River, Dak., June 17, '65.
White Sulphur Springs, Va., Nov. 15,
'62 ; Oct. 12 and 13, '63.
White's Bridge, Va., May 9, '64.
White s Ford, Va., Sept 21, '63.
Whiteside, Fla., July 27, '64.
White Stone Hill, Dak., Sept. 3 to 5, '63
White Water, Mo., Apr 24, '63.
Whitlen's Mill, Ark., Oct. 8, '64.
Whittaker's Mills, Va., April 11, '63.
Wier Bottom Church, Va., May 12 to 16,
June 16, '64.
WildCat, Ky., Oct. 21, '61.
WUderness, Va., May 5 to 7, '64.
Wilcox's Bridge, N. O, Mar. 8 to 10, '65.
Wiliston, S. O, Feb. 8, '65.
William s Bridge, La., June 27, '62.
WilUamsburg, Ky., Oct. 28, '62.
Williamsburg, Va., May 5, July 11, and
Sept. 9, '62; Feb. 7, Mar. 29, '03;
March 4, '64.
Williamsburg Road, Va., June 18, '62.
WUliamsport, Md., Sept. 20, '62; July 6,
'63.
Williamsport, Tenn., Aug. 11, '62.
Willicomack, Va., April 3, '65.
Willis' Church, Va., June 29, '62.
Willmarsh Island, S. O, Feb. 22, '64.
WiUow Creek, Cal., Nov. 17, '63.
Wilmington, N. G, Feb. 22, '65.
Wilmington Island, Ga., April 16, '62.
Wilson's Creek, Ky., June 13, '63.
Wilson's Farm, La., April 7, '64.
Wilson's Landing, Va., June 11, '64.
Wilson's Wharf Landing, Va., May 24,
'64.
Winchester, Va., Mar. 23, May 25, '62;
May 19, June 13, 15, '63; July 20,
24, Aug. 17, Sept. 19, '64.
Wireman's Shoals, Ky., Dec. 4, '62.
Wirt Court House, W. Va., Nov. 19, '61.

XXV111

Wittsburgh, Ark., June 6, '64.
Wolf Creek, Bridge, Miss., Sept. 23, '62.
Wolf River, Tenn., April 8, '64.
Wolf River Bridge, Miss., Dee. 4, '63.
Woodbury, Ky., Oct. 29, '61.
Woodbury, Tenn., Jan. 24, Apr. 2, 3, '63.
Wood Creek, Mo., Jan. 11, '63.
Wood Lake, Minn., Sept. 23, '62.
Woodsonville, Ky., Dec. 17, '61.
Woodstock, Va., Sept. 23, Oct. 9, '64.
Woodville, Miss., Oct. 6, '64.
Woodville, Tenn., Oct. 21, '62.
Wormley's Gap, Va., Aug. 29, '64.
Worthington, W. Va., Sept. 2, '61.
Wright County, Mo., July 22, '64.
Wyatts, Miss., Oct. 13, '63; Feb. 5, '64.
Wverman's Mills, Tenn., Feb. 22, '64.
Wyoming C. H., W. Va., Aug. — , '62.
WythevUle, Va., July 18, '63; Dec. 16,
'64; April 3, '65.

Yate's Ford, Ky., Aug. 31, '62.
Yazoo City, Miss., July 13, Sept. 27, Oct.
31, '63; Mar. 5, May 13, Dec. 1, '64;
March 15, '65.
Yazoo City expedition, Miss., May 4 to
13, 64.
Yazoo expedition, Miss., Feb. 28, '64.
Yazoo Pass, Miss., Feb. 16 to 20, '63.
Yellow Bayou, La., May 10, 18, 19, '64.
Yellow Tavern, Va., May 11, Oct. 1 to 5,
'64.
Yellville, Ark. , June 25, '62 ; Mar. — , '63.
Yemasse, S. O, Oct. 22, '62.
Yorktown, Va. , April 5 to May 4, '62.
Young's Crossroads, N. O, July 26, '62.
Z
Zollicoffer, Tenn., Sept. 24, '63.
Zuni, Va., Dec. 12, '62

IST.A.'V'Y-

Apalachicola River, Fla., Oct. 15, '62.
Aquia Creek Batteries, Va., Mar. 16, '62.
Attempt to distroy rebel ram Arkansas,
July 15, '62.
Bayou Teche, La., Nov. 3, '62; Jan. 14,
'63.
Bombardment of Fort Sumter, S. O,
April 7, '63.
Burning of Royal Yacht, Tex., Nov. 7,
'61.
Bute La Rose, La. , April 20, '63
Cape Fear River, N. C. , Oct. 11, '62.
Capture of Atlanta, Ga., June 17, '63.
Chuckatuck, Va. , AprU 23, '63.
Cobb's Point, N. C, Feb. 10, '62.
Coggin's Point, Va. , July 31, '62.
Cypress Bend, Miss., June 22, '63.
Destruction of two blockade runners in
Tampa Bay, Oct. 17, '63.
Dunn's Bayou, La., May 5, '64.
Duvall's Bluff, Ark., Jan. 16, '63.
Empress, U. S. steamer, Miss., Aug. 10,
'64.
Expedition up Yazoo River, Miss. , Feb.
1 to March 8, '64.
Fort Anderson, N. O, Feb. 18, '65.
Fort Darling, Va., May 15, '62.
Fort De Russy, La., March 14, '64.
Fort Fisher, N. C, Dec. 25, '64; Jan. 13
to 15, '65.
Fort Gaines, Ala., Aug. 2 to 23, '64.
Fort Heiman, Tenn., Oct. 28, '64.

Fort Macon, N. O, April 25, '62.
Fort McAlister, Ga., F'eb. 1, Mar. 3, '63.
Fort Morgan, Ala., Aug. 5 to 23, '64.
Fort Pemberton, Miss., Mar. 13 to Apr.
5, '63.
Fort Pillow, Tenn., Apr. 14, May 10,
June 4, '62.
Fort Wright, Tenn., June 4, '62.
Forts Jackson and Saint Philip, La. , Apr.
18 to 28, '62.
Galveston, Tex., Jan. 1, '63.
Gordon's L'd'g, Red River, Feb. 14, '63.
Hampton Roads, Va., March 9, '62.
Harrisonburg, La., March 2, '64.
Hatteras and Alabama, off Tex., Jan. 11,
'63.
Island No. 10, Tenn., April 8, '62.
James River, Va., May 6, June 21, '64.
Judah, rebel ram, destroyed, Fla., Sept.
14, '61.
Kearsarge and Alabama, off Cherbourg,
France, June 19, '64.
LegarsvUle, S. O, Dec. 25, '63.
Little Rock Landing, Tenn., Apr. 24, '63.
Loss of Housatonic, Charleston, S. O,
Feb. 17, '64.
Matagorda Bay, Tex., Dec. 29, 30, '63.
Mississippi River, below Vicksburg,
Miss., Feb. 24, '63.
Mosquito Inlet, Fla., March 21, '62.
Night attack on Fort Sumter, S. C, Sept.
8, '63.

Off Charleston Bar, S. C, Jan. 31, '63.
Pattersouville, La., March 28. '63.
Pittsburg Landing, Tenn. , March 2, '62.
Plymouth, N. O, Oct. 31, '64.
Port Hudson, La., March 14, '63.
Ram Albemarle, N. C, May 5, '64.
Red River, La., AprU 26, '64.
Running the Vicksburg batteries, Miss.,
AprU 16, '63.

Sabine Pass, La., Sept. 8, '63.
Sabine Pass, Tex., April 18, '03.
Siege of Port Hudson, La., May 27 to
July 9. '63.
Siege of Vicksburg, Miss., May 18 to July
4, '63.
Vicksburg, Miss , June 26 to 29, '62.
Yazoo City, Miss., July 13, '63.

INDEX TO SUBJECTS, ILLUSTRATIONS, ETC.

Akin, Assist. Surgeon W  203
Portrait. . 293
Altoona  45
Alexander, Wm  go
Allen's Farm  Ic
Annapolis  ,7
Antietam  06
Armstrong, Capt. S. C  136, 165, 173
Portrait .... 137
Army, Number in  207
Atlanta  253
Auburn  !j-
" Illustration  -^j
Babcock, Capt. Geo. W  247
Ball, Quartermaster L. C  73
Baltimore Riot  3
Barlow, Chaplain  22, 74
" Anecdote  37
" Portrait  81
Barto, Lieut. Benj. G  193
" Portrait .... 192
Barnes, Lieut. E. N  208
Bates, Lieut. Chas  ¦ • 264
Battle, its Marks  295 !
Beaver Dam  15
Blackberry Camp  I4g
Blackburn's Ford  162
Blair. Lieut. W., Portrait  262, 263
Bloody Angle, Illustration  207
Bounds, John W  187
Bolton, Wm., Portrait — Group. . . . 246
Brainerd, Lieut. David H  270
" Portrait. . 272
Bristoe, Illustration  157
Brownell, F. E  4
Brown, John  25
Bryan, Lieut. Geo. A., Portrait. . . . 223
Butler, Gen. B. F  4
Bull Run  5, 73
' ' Picture of  6
Burnside, Gen  52
Bush, Major James C  73
Buford, General  93
Burns, John L., Portrait  96
Burke, Michael  210
Burksville  301
Carr, Gen. Jos. B  2,15
Crandell, Col. Levin, 17, 18, 34, 142, 182,
192, 215, 235, 243, 254
Camp Chase  49
Camp Routine  58
Cedar Mountain  152
Centreville, Illustration  57, 76
Cemetery Hill  102, 112
" " Assault  133

Cemetery Hill, Illustration  13 5.
Position of Regiment 138
Chamberlin, Capt. Frank  233
" Portrait.. 333
Chancellorsville  -,z
Charge of 125th  105, in
" Picture  m
Chattanooga  -^q
Chapel, Log  -;8g
Chicago  jg
Chickamauga  164
Christian Commission  294
Cleminshaw, Lieut. Sherman  193
Portrait  193
Cleminshaw, Lieut. Chas  209
" Portrait  210
Clapp, Lieutenant E. S. P  208, 209
Clark, Harrison  113, i3g) 201
' ' Portrait  201
Clarkson, Capt. Francis, Portrait.. 263
Corinth  ,-g
Coleman, H. D., Portrait  142
Cooper, Surgeon Wm. S  167, 290
" Portrait. . 291
Cold Harbor, Picture  215
Map  216
Coleman. Lieut. I. D. W  223
" Portrait. . 224
Crandell, Captain L. H  214
" Portrait. . . . 214
Churchill, Lieut. Lee  141, 158, 227
" " Portrait  141
Clum, Capt. Henry M., Portrait. . 250
Culp's Hill, 131, Picture  132
Departure from Troy  19
Devil's Den, Picture  104
DeFreest, John W  138
Demers, Eugene L  140
Deep Bottom  236
Deep Bottom, Pontoon Bridge at. . 237
Dimond, Captain Wm  75
" " " Portrait.... 83
Donelson, Fort  9
Douglas, Camp  39
Drum Corps. . . . '  58
Earthworks, Behind, Illustration. . 251
Egolf, Captain Joseph  243
" Portrait. . . . 244
Ellis, A. H  38
Ellsworth's Zouaves  1,3
Engagements, Number  297
Evans, Wm. H  264
Examining Board  56
Executions, Military  152
Fair Oaks  14

INDEX.

Fairfax Court House  55
Farmville  285
Facts, General  296
First Corps  94
Ford, Col. T. H  28, 36
Force, Lieut. J.F  169
Franklin, Battle of  253
Fredericksburg  51
Gettysburg Campaign  77
Start for  85
Maps  86, 89, 91
March to  86
Field  90, 92
Battle, first day  94
" second day  103
" third day  129
" Losses  142
German, Chas. R  202
Gibbs, Philip  64
Gillies, Lieut. Donald  141
Glendale  15
Grant, Gen  g, 217
" " Portrait  195
Green, Lieut. E. L  232
Green, Commissary Josiah Jr  241
" Portrait. . 241
Griswold, John A  2, 16, 17
Halleck, Camp  16
Harper's Ferry  25
" Map, rebel movements 24
" Picture  26
" Battlefield  27
" Battle  30
" Surrender  32
" Loss at  35
Hakes, Captain W. H,. 233, Portrait 234
Hartshorn, Capt. E. A  72, 79
" " Portrait .... 80
Hagadorn, Lieut. David Portrait. . 82
Hancock, Gen. W. S. Portrait  97
Haskell, Lieut. Harry L  158
Halon, Capt. Wm., Portrait  160
Hagadorn, Lieut. Wm. P., Portrait, 161
Hays, Gen. Alex., Portrait  igi
Hatch, Adjutant Jas. H  274
" Portrait. . 275
Hatcher's Run  277
Herring, Lieut Henry E., Portrait. 264
High Bridge  285
Howard, Gen. O. 0  92, 96
Houch, Jacob  165
Hospital Service  294
Home, Return  301
Hull, Lieut. E. B  82, 218, 231
Portrait  232
Hyde, Lieut. Col. Jos., 72, 243, 261, 262
Island No. 10  g
Iuka  4g

Jackson, Stonewall  22, 35, 71
Jackson, Capt. Edward C. , Portrait 265
Jenkins, George W  57, 65
Portrait  66
Jerusalem Plank Road, June 22. . . 228
Jones, Capt. E. P  209
Keleher, Wm. , Portrait  276
Larkins, Michael  60
Lee's Order  23
Lee, Gen  26, 99
Lemon, Rev. J. S. , Letter  67, 70
Lemon, Capt. George. E. 78, 154, 159,
 200, 259
Libby Prison, Picture  186
Lincoln, Abraham  289
Locust Grove  181
Logan, General  260
Losses of War  298
Losses of Regiment  300
Lyon, General  5
Malvern Hill  16
Main, Chas. H., 1st Recruit  16
Manassas  17
Martinsburg  21
Mattison, Lieut. M. V. B  268
" " " Portrait. 269
Materials of War, Amount of  301
McLean House, Picture  286
McDougall, Col. CD  63
McClellan, Gen  5, 8, n, 24, 29
Meade, Gen  87, 101,155
" Hd. Qrs., Gettysburg.. 130
Merchant, George  245
Miles, Col. D. H  28, 32
Miller, Adjutant Merritt B  136, 229
Portrait. 230
Mine Run, Map  180
" " Abatis  184
" " Prisoners  185
Monitor  1 1
Moody, Dwight L  46
Morey, Captain, F. A. 203, Portrait, 203
Morton's Ford  190
Morton, Capt. Fred. A. Portrait . 203
Murfreesboro  54
Mutton Camp  149
Myer, Lieut. Col. A. B. Portrait. 199
Myer, Lieut. Robt. E. 267, Portrait. 268
Nashville, Battle  253
Naval Service  300
Newcomb, Capt. W. K  55, 151
Negro Troops  167
" Officers of  168
North Anna  212
" Map  213
Organization of Regiment  18
Owen, George H  57
Owen, General  150

INDEX.

Ox-road Junction  70
Petersburg Map, Rebel Retreat. . . . 278
Pea Ridge  g
Perry ville  48
Petersburg, June 16  222
" Mine  237
Penfield, Capt. Nelson, Portrait. . . . 250
Pettit, Capt. George W  269
" " " Portrait. . . . 270
Philadelphia  47
Pleasanton, Gen  93
Plumb, Capt. Wm. H  159
" " " Portrait  159
Po River  204
Potomac, Army of  g, 14, 88
Pope, General  17
Promotions  59, 63, 66, 152
Prisons, Southern  187
Quay, Capt. John  205, 282
" " " Portrait  283
Quitterfield Abner  141
Reunion of Regiment  vii, xxi
Reynolds, General  93
Religious Meetings  165
Recruiting Party  213
Ream's Station  242
Round Top. 104, Picture  log
Robertson River  153
Savage Station  15
Sailor's Creek  284
Sanitary Commission  294
Second N. Y. Vols  2, 5, 15
Seven Pines  14
Second Corps  85
Seminary, Lutheran  93
Sheldon, Capt. Thos. F  139, 235
" " " Portrait . . . 139
Sheldon, Adjutant Elias P  194
Sheridan, General  252
Shiloh, Battle of  8
Shaw, Lieut. Ed. L  270
" " " Portrait  271
Sickles, General, Portrait  107
Signal Station, Picture  no
Smith, Color Sergeant Lewis  113
Smith, James L  156, 274

Springsteen, Capt. A. S  168
Smith, Albert  205
Spottsylvania, May 12  206
" Map, 206 ; May 18. 211
Stevens, Lieut. L. H., Portrait, 108, 109
Steadman, Fort, Picture  251, 276
Strawberry Plains  239
Sumter  2, 12
Sutherland Station, Illustration. . . . 280
Surrender, Lee's  285
Sweet, Lieut. Chas. E  272
" " " Portrait  274
Sweet, Geo. W  205
Taylor, Capt. Wm, D. 78, 156, 191, 234
. " " " Portrait  78
Thorburn, Lieut. Harry N  177
"Tigers," Louisiana  114
Tilley, Capt. James L. Portrait 266, 267
Townsend, Hon. Martin I  n
" Lieut. Benj. R  82, 171
Truce, Flag of  218
Union Mills  49, 50, 52
Vandenburgh, Capt. J. V. W  66, 82
Vicksburg  79
Warren, General  150, 182
" " Portrait  183
Wheeler, Henry  2, 49, 140
White Oak Swamp  15
White, David E  72
White, Lieut. David E  271
" " Portrait.... 273
Willard, Col. Geo. L., 2, 17, 31, 72, 112,
 H3
 H7
" Portrait, Frontispiece
 116
" " Funeral  122
Wilson, Francis L  1 56
Wilderness, 197 ; Map  ig8
Losses  217
Wool, Gen. John E  2, 4, n, 28
Wood, Capt E  33, 138
" " Portrait  139
Wolf Run Shoals  49
Woodyard Ford  49
Wounded  146

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