YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 9002 07877 0766 if! iiii^^tiuuti^^iiuHu^^^iiiiMii^^iiiiiiii^^^iiiiibi^^^iiiiai^^iiiinii^^iiiiiiiin^^iiu THE WALPOLE SOCIETY A LIST OF ^ EARLY AMERICAN SILVERSMITHS M AND THEIR MARKS mEBBEISEISEEBEBGaBEl iv uarvari > FRANCIS PATRICK GARVAN, b A.,1897 ^r%jate "University^ — ) m SCHOOL OF THE FINE ARTS/gi A LIST OF EARLY AMERICAN SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS WITH A SILVER COLLECTORS' GLOSSARY OF THIS BOOK THERE HAVE BEEN PRINTED AT THE PLIMPTON PRESS ¦ NORWOOD • MASS • U • S • A • TWENTY-FIVE COPIES ON FABRIANO ITALIAN HAND-MADE PAPER FOR THE MEMBERS OF THE WALPOLE SOCIETY AND ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-FIVE COPIES ON OLD STRATFORD DECKLE -EDGE PAPER FOR GENERAL DISTRIBU TION SILVERSMITHS' MARKS I. yofcft 5«ri 7. William Cowell 13- Paa/ Revere, Sr. 2. 7oin Coney 8. Jeremiah Dummer 14. Benjamin Wyncoope V Paul Revere 9. Samuel Burt i.v Peter Van Dyke 4- Samuel Vernon 10. Robert Sanderson 16. John Hull ?• Edward Winslow 11. Timothy Dwight 17- John Coney 6. Myer Myers 12. 7oin Edwards 18. John Hull THE WALPOLE SOCIETY A LIST OF EARLY AMERICAN SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS BY HOLLIS FRENCH WITH A SILVER COLLECTORS' GLOSSARY ^4> J" NEW YORK PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY MCMXVII COPYRIGHT, I917 BY THE WALPOLE SOCIETY THE WALPOLE SOCIETY LIST OF MEMBERS Francis Hill Bigelow Dwight Blaney Thomas Benedict Clarke George Francis Dow Alexander Smith Cochran Henry Wood Erving Harry Harkness Flagler Hollis French R. T. Haines Halsey Norman Morrison Isham Henry Watson Kent Luke Vincent Lockwood Marsden J. Perry Charles Munn Albert Hastings Pitkin Frederick Bayley Pratt Charles Russell Richards George Smith Palmer Philip Leffingwell Spalding Charles Hitchcock Tyler George Parker Winship Theodore Salisbury Woolsey John Munro Woolsey COMMITTEE ON SILVER Francis Hill Bigelow Dwight Blaney Hollis French Theodore Salisbury Woolsey [vi] PREFACE N continuation of its policy of publishing from time to time information of value to collectors, the Walpole Society issues herewith this list of American Silversmiths and their marks with a Glossary, uniform with its previous publications on Furniture and Ceramics. Nothing at present exists in this country on the subject which is comparable to the exhaustive works which have been published abroad on the English silversmiths and their art, and while it is realized that the time is perhaps not yet ripe for such books on their American confreres, it is believed that these data on American silversmiths, followed by the short glossary of terms used in describing silver, will be of benefit to those interested in collecting early American silver. Most of the information concerning the early workers of silver in this country is scattered through various catalogues of exhibitions or sales, so that there is no place to which a collector can turn for concise data to identify a piece or to understand its description. Although a considerable amount of work was required to collect the information published in this volume, no claim for originality is made, and acknowledgment is freely offered to those who have so laboriously searched the early records for many of the facts herein set forth. The debt which every silver collector owes to R. T. H. Halsey it were almost superfluous to mention. Without the information which he has so patiently gleaned and freely pub lished, especially in his introduction to the catalogue "Ameri can Silver," published by the Boston Museum of Fine Arts in 1906, and in his "Notes on Early New York Silversmiths," printed in the catalogue of an exhibition of silver at the Metro politan Museum of Art in 191 1, it would be difficult to know where to find data on most of the early makers. Special [vii] PREFACE acknowledgment is also made for the many names of silver smiths, and their dates and marks, which Francis H. Bigelow has found in his researches and has so generously given me. . From those other members of our Society, the late George M. Curtis, and his work "Early Silver of Connecticut and its Makers," from Dr. Theodore S. Woolsey, the dean of Ameri can silver collectors, and from L. V. Lockwood, Dwight Blaney, H. W. Kent and George S. Palmer much valuable information has been obtained. To Judge A. S. Clearwater, who so kindly offered the use of his great collection for study, and to Miss Florence V. Paull of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, many thanks are due, and acknowledgment must also be made for data from E. Alfred Jones' work on "American Church Silver," as well as from J. H. Buck's "Old Plate." The Museum of Fine Arts in Boston and the Metropolitan Museum in New York have helped, so materially in the compilation of facts for this catalogue, and both have so kindly permitted the use of data from their publications, that it is a pleasure to acknowledge here their assistance. Very little attempt has been made to collect data on silver smiths working early in the nineteenth century. The growth of the country at that time led to a great demand for silver and consequently to an increase in the number of silver workers, but the decadence of art then prevalent affected the product of the silversmiths, as it did the work of craftsmen in the allied arts. Collectors are, therefore, more interested in the earlier makers, and consequently but little effort has been made to catalogue silversmiths working after 1820. It is a matter of regret that the original intention of publish ing only enlarged photographic reproductions of the marks, a few of which are illustrated in the frontispiece, had to be given up for compelling reasons. There is probably nothing more ac curate or satisfactory than a good photograph for studying marks, but unfortunately many of the latter are so worn that a clear negative is impossible. Under these circumstances only a drawing will properly represent the mark as it was originally. [ viii ] PREFACE It is believed, however, that the reproductions made from these drawings will prove satisfactory, but it should be remem bered that, as a matter of clearness, the imprints are in all cases made about twice the size of the originals. When no copy of a mark could be made, the description has been given by type in a suggestive manner, but there are still many makers of whom no marks have yet been discovered, and conversely many marks which cannot with accuracy be attributed to any known maker. There is still, therefore, much work to be done on the sub ject, and it is realized that the present publication is only a beginning, which it is hoped others will carry on. Rubbings or descriptions of marks other than those here published and the receipt of information concerning them will be gratefully received by the author who is well aware of the deficiencies of the work. The glossary of silver terms following the data on silver smiths has been almost entirely prepared by Dr. Theodore S. Woolsey. Hollis French [ix] LIST OF EARLY AMERICAN SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS The following abbreviations have been used in the text : b = born e = emigrated bap. = baptized f = freeman c = circa m = married d = died n.a.f = not admitted freeman D = directory w = working (?) = in doubt SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Abbott, J. \jnark~] Ackley, E. IE.ACKLEYI Adams, J. \ •„ 1 ' ' bmall shaded Roman capitals [WOODSTOCK | in rectangle c. 1830 Bailey, Simeon A New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Bailey & Co., E. L. Claremont, N. H. c. 1800 [mark] Firm name in Roman letters Bailey & Kitchen Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1846 Baily, John Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1762 Baker Boston, Mass. w. 1765 Baker, E. Conn. (?) c. Shaded Roman capitals in re Providence, R. I. Roman capitals in rectangle [8] I 740-1 790 E.BAKER ctangle Baker, George w. 1825 G.BAKER SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Balch, Ebenezer E.BALCH Hartford, Conn. Wethersfield, Conn. Capitals in rectangle 1723-1808 Balch & Fryer Baldwin, Jabez Albany, N. Y. w. 1784 Salem, Mass. w. 18 10, d. 18 19 Boston, Mass. (Of Baldwin iff Jones) BALDWIN Shaded Roman capitals incised Baldwin, Jedediah Hanover, N. H. c. 1790 Baldwin & Baker Providence, R. I. 1817 Baldwin & Jones Boston, Mass. c. 1815 (Jabez Baldwin y John Jones) y° Ball, John Shaded Roman capitals in scroll w. 1770 \SfOHM} Italic capitals shaded in cartouche Crude capitals in rectangle [J-BALL] Ball, S. S. Boston, Mass. w. 1838 Ball, True M. Boston, Mass. 1815- -1890 Ball, W. Baltimore, Md. w. 1802 Ball, William Philadelphia, Pa. Roman letters in rectangle w. 1752 IW-Ball] M Roman capitals in rectangle IBALLJ Very small Roman capitals in [9] rectangle SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Ball, Tompkins & Black New York, N. Y. (Successors of Marquand & Co.) [mark] Firm name in small shaded Roman capitals in circle Bancker, Adrian New York, N. Y. 1703-c. 1761 Roman capitals in oval Roman capitals, pellet below in heart B^ rd, C. & Son Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1850 Bard & Hoffman Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1837 Bard & Lamont Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1841 Barker & Mumford Newport, R. I. c. 1825 "barker & .mumford _ Capitals in cartouche Barnes, Abraham Boston, Mass. w. 1716 B^ .rrett, Jam ES Norwich, Conn. c. 1800 Jfjg (?) Script capitals in rectangle Barrett, S. Nantucket, Mass. c. 1760 Providence, R. I. (?) [s. barrett] Capitals in rectangle Barrows, James M. Tolland, Conn. b. 1809, w. 1832 Barry, Standish Baltimore, Md. w. 1790 [Barry] Shaded Roman capitals in shaped rectangle Bartholomew, Roswell Hartford, Conn. 1781-1830 (Ward y Bartholomew, 1804) (Ward Bartholomew, tff Brainard i8og) [10] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Bartlett, N. c. 1760 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Concord, Mass. c. 1750-1821 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle 1ST-BARTLETT1 Bartlett, Samuel [S-BARTLETT w.&\ Script capitals in rectangle Bartram, William Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1769 Bassett, Francis Charlestown, Mass. 1678- -1715 Bateman, William New York, N. Y. w. 1774 Battels, A. T Utica, N. Y. w. 1847 Bayley, Simeon A. 1 — 1 New York, N. Y. Roman capitals in shaped rect; w. ingle 1790 | Bayley | | BAYLEY | Roman capitals in rectangle Bayley & Douglas New York, N. Y. w. 1798 Bayly, John Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1793 Beach, Isaac New Milford, Conn. w. 1788 Beach, Miles Goshen, Conn. 1742 -1828 BEACH Litchfield, Conn. Hartford, Conn. Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Shaded Roman capitals in oval Beach & Sanford Hartford, Conn. w. 1785 (See Isaac Sanford) Beach & Ward Hartford, Conn. w. 1 789-1 797 (James Beach 13 Billions Ward) Beal, Caleb Hingham, Mass. 1 746-1 801 [n] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Beau, John Anthony New York, N. Y. w. 1770 Becham Roman capitals in rectangle Lancaster, Pa. c. w. 1740 BECHAM Becker, Philip 1764 [pb] Capitals in rectangle Bedford, John Fishkill, N. Y. c. Script in rectangle 1780- ¦1834 [JJdutdfoTd\ Beebe, Stanton Providence, R. I. (Partner of Jabez Gorham) w. 1818 Beecher, Clement Berlin, Conn. Cheshire, Conn. 1778- -1869 [cb] Capitals in rectangle Belknap, Samuel Boston, Mass. 1751- -1821 Bell & Co. (S. Bell) c. 1825 [mark] Name in capitals in rectangle with rosettes flanking Benjamin, Barzilla I Milford, Conn. Bridgeport, Conn. New Haven, Conn. New York, N. Y. Roman capitals in rectang 1774- le -1844 1 B.BENJAMIN I m Capitals in rectangle Benjamin, Everard New Haven, Conn. (Benjamin iff Ford) 1807 -1874 Benjamin, John Stratford, Conn. 1730 -1796 Crude capitals, pellet between in oval [12] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Benjamin, Samuel C. New Haven, Conn. 1801-1831 (Son of Barzillai) Benjamin, Solomon Bennett, James Bentley, Thomas GS Berard, Andrew Besley, Thauvet TJ Best, Joseph Bevan, Richard Billings, Andrew [A. Billings] Billings, Daniel Baltimore, Md. w. 18 17 New York, N. Y. w. 1769 Boston, Mass. c. 1762 - c. 1800 Roman capitals in long oval with bird's head flanking Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 New York, N. Y. f. 1727 Roman capitals in monogram, crown above, incised Philadelphia, Pa. Baltimore, Md. Roman letters in rectangle with pseudo hall-marks Preston, Conn. QD.&tfiinsl) Script in oval w. 1723 w. 1804 I 743-1 808 w. 1795 Billings, Joseph Bingham, John Bingley [bingley] Black, John UTbI (?) [1. black] Pennsylvania b. c. 1720, w. 1770 Boston, Mass. n. a. f. 1678 Conn. (?) c. 1790 Roman capitals incised Philadelphia, Pa. w. 18 19 Roman capitals, pellet between in rectangle Capitals in rectangle d3] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Blackman, John Starr Danbury, Conn. 1777-1851 (Sons J. C. and F. S. were later silversmiths) Blakeslee, C. Vermont (?) c. 1820 [mark] Name in capitals in rectangle with Pure Coin in rectangle Blakeslee, William Newton, Conn. 1795-1879 (Son of Zeba) Blakeslee, Zeba Newton, Conn. 1768-1825 Blanchard, A. Lexington, Ky. c. 1800 CA.BLANCHAKDp Bliss, I. Blonde ll, Anthony Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 Blowers, John Boston, Mass. 1710-1748 [Blowers] Semi-script letters in rectangle or oval Boehme, Charles L. Baltimore, Md. 1804 [c. boehme] Script in cartouche with eagle displayed Boelen, Hendrik New York, N. Y. e. 1680, d. 1755 (Son of Jacob) Crude capitals in monogram in shield Large Roman capitals in long oval Boelen, Jacob New York, N. Y. e. 1680, f. 1698 Crude capitals in shaped shield \IH/ (?) Crude capitals quatrefoil below in shield (ID) (?) Crude capitals in shield [14] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Bogardus, Everadus New York, N. Y. f. 1698 Bogert, Albert New York,'N. Y. w. 1816 Bogert, N. J. New York, N. Y. ' c. 1820 Bolton, James New York, N. Y. w. 1790 Bond, C. c. 1840 [c. bond] Capitals in rectangle Bond, W. c. 1765 frrr:£r~~~vT$ Shaded Roman letters in scalloped WBond n 1 1 ~~~~J rectangle Bontecou, Timothy New Haven, Conn. 1693-1784 TIB. Capitals incised Bontecou, Timothy, Jr. New Haven, Conn. 1723-1789 (TB) Shaded Roman capitals in oval Botsford, Gideon B. Woodbury, Conn. 1776-1866 Boudinot, Elias Philadelphia, Pa. 1 706-1 770 (Father of Elias of Revolutionary fame) (BOUDINOTI Roman capitals in shaped rectangle Bourdet, Stephen New York, N. Y. f. 1730 Boutelle, James Worcester, Mass. w. 1783 Bowler, Daniel Providence, R. I. c. 1815 Bowne, Samuel New York, N. Y. w. 1800 [SBOWNEJ Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Boyce, Gherardus New York, N. Y. w. 1829 [GiBOYC E 1 Roman capitals shaded in rectangle with four pellets in rectangle (0 (N.Y.} and N-Y- in rectangle (G~~B] Roman capitals, pellet between in rectangle [15] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Boyd, William Albany, N. Y. w. 1810 Boyd & Hoyt Albany, N.Y. w. 1830 Boyd & Mulford Albany, N. Y. w. 1840 Boyer, Daniel Boston, Mass. c. 1725-1779 (BOYEFJ Roman capitals in rectangle Roman letters in cartouche Roman capitals in double circle (T)B) Roman capitals in oval Boyer, James Boston, Mass. 1700-1741 Boylston, E. Stockbridge, Mass. w. 1789 Brackett, Jeffrey R. Boston, Mass. 18 15-1876 [marks] Full name or surname in capitals in rectangle Brackett, Crosby & Brown Boston, Mass. w. 1850 Bradbury, Capt. Phineas New Haven, Conn. w. 1779 Bradbury, Theophilus Newburyport, Mass. ¦ c. 1815 [mark] Surname in Roman capitals in rectangle Bradford, Charles H. Westerly, R. I. Bradbury & Bro. Newburyport, Mass. c. 1810 Bradley, Abner New Haven, Conn. 1753-1824 © [a.BRADLEYJ 0 Shadaed }°f™ Capifls infaangle t flanked by quadranted circles Bradley, Luther New Haven, Conn. w. 1798 Bradley, Phineas New Haven, Conn. J745_I797 PB] Roman capitals in rectangle [16] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Bradley, Richard Hartford, Conn. 1 787-1 867 Bradley, Zebul New Haven, Conn. 1780-1859 (See Marcus Merriman iff Co. and Merriman iff Bradley) Bradley & Merriman New Haven, Conn. w. 1826 (Zebul Bradley, M. Merriman, Jr.) IB 3.M) Roman capitals in rectangle, an emblem above Brady, William V. New York, N. Y. w. 1835 Brainard, Charles Hartford, Conn. 1787-1850 (Of Ward, Bartholomew iff Brainard) Bramhall, S. Plymouth Mass. (?), c. 1800 IS.BBAMHALL] Small shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Brasher, Ephraim New York, N. Y. D. 1786 Shaded Roman capitals in oval EB Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle BRASHER Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle with N. YORK in shaded Roman M.YORK I capitals in rectangle Brasier, A. A* BRASIER J Roman capitals in rectangle Breed, John Colchester, Conn. 1752-1803 Breed, W. Boston, Mass. (?) w. 1750 \ yi&reed] Script in rectangle IVVft'l Roman capitals in rectangle Brenton, Benjamin Newport, R. I. b. 1710 (RR) Small Roman capitals in oval [ 17 ] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Brevoort, John New York, N. Y. f. 1742 ClBV) Crude capitals in oval Crude capitals in trefoil Brewer, Charles Middletown, Conn. 1778-1860 (Hart iff Brewer, 1800-3, Brewer iff Mann, 1803-5) \&(&re(Jjer\ Script in shaped rectangle Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle C.BREWER Brewer & Mann Brewster, Abel Bridge, John (BRIDGE) Brigden, Timothy Brigden, Zachariah (Z *B r-cgden) Middletown, Conn. w. 1803 (See Chas. Brewer) Canterbury, Conn.b. 1775 -w. 1804 Norwich, Conn. Boston, Mass. b. 1723 Crude capitals in cartouche Roman capitals in cartouche Albany, N.Y. w. 1813 Boston, Mass. 173 4-1 787 Script in cartouche \Zi'B\ Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle |Z B\ Roman capitals in rectangle Brigdens, C. Script capitals in rectangle Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle (Q351 fOBl Brigham, John Bright, Anthony Philadelphia, Pa. [18] n. a. f. 1678 w. 1740 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Brinckley, William New York, N. Y. Bringhurst Maine or N. H. [mark] Surname in capitals in rectangle Brinton, Gordon & Quirk Boston, Mass. Broadhurst, Samuel New York, N. Y. Brock, John New York, N. Y. Brookhouse, Robert Salem, Mass. Enlaced script capitals in oval Brower, S. D. Troy, N. Y. Brower, Walter S. Albany, N. Y. Brower & Rusher New York, N. Y. w. 1804 late w. 1780 f. 1725 w. 1833 779" -1866 w. 1834 c. 1850 c. 1834 B&R Roman capitals in rectangle with pseudo hall-marks Brown, D. Philadelphia w. 181 1 ID BR.OWNJ Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Brown, Ebenezer Boston, Mass. 1773-1816 Brown, Elnathan C. Westerly, R. I. Brown, John Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 jTg] ( ?) Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle c. 1810 Shaded Roman capitals in serrated Brown, S. fsiROWN rectangle Brown, T. J. c. 1835 T.J.BROWN' Capitals in rectangle Brown, William Albany, N. Y. w. 1849 [19] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Brown & Houlton Baltimore, Md. c. Brown & Mann Connecticut c. Browne & Seal Philadelphia, Pa. c. [mark] Firm name in capitals in scroll with philada in rectangle Bruff, Joseph Bube, Stanton Buel, Abel 1799 1 805 1819 Buel, John Buel & Mix Buell, Samuel )liver New York, N.Y. w. 1763- -1775 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1767 Providence, R. I. (?) c. 1805 (Partner of Geo. C. Clark) New Haven, Conn. 1742- -1825 (Of Buel iff Mix) Shaded Roman capitals in serrated rectangle Shaded Roman capitals in rayed oval New Haven, Conn. 1744- -1783 New Haven, Conn. w. 1783 Middletown, Conn. w. 1777 Hartford, Conn. C."R| Shaded Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Bull, Caleb Bull, Martin Hartford, Conn. Farmington, Conn. (Partner of Thos. Lee) Bumm & Shepper Philadelphia, Pa. Bunker, Benjamin Providence, R. I. Burdick, William S. New Haven, Conn. (See U fford iff Burdick) [20] 1746- -1797 1744- -182s w. 1819 w. 1810 w. 1814 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Burdock, Nicholas Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 |N«B] (?) Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Burger, John New York, N. Y. w. 1786 \t/o ctrg&r | Script in shaped rectangle \farct\ Crew, J. T Crosby, Jonathan New York, N. Y. Roman capitals in rectangle Roman capitals in rectangle c. 1840 Roman capitals incised Providence, R. I. D. 1824 Newport, R. I. 1 659-1 727 New York, N.Y. w. 1815 Roman capitals in rectangle Script in rectangle Albany, N. Y. w. 1849 Boston, Mass. b. 1743, w. 1796 Roman capitals in double circle Crosby, Samuel T. Cross Boston, Mass. Boston, Mass. Crouckeshanks, Alexander Boston, Mass. Cumming, David B. Philadelphia, Pa. Curry, John Philadelphia, Pa. Curry & Preston Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1850 w. 1695 w. 1768 w. 1811 w. 1831 w. 1830 Roman capitals in serrated rectangle [32] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Curtis, Joel Wolcott, Conn. Cairo, N. Y. b. 1786 Curtis, Lewis Farmington, Conn. 1774- -1845 |L* CURTIS] Roman capitals in rectangle Curtiss, Daniel Woodbury, Conn. (Of Curtiss iff Candee; Curtiss, Candee iff Stiles; Stiles) 1801- Curtiss -1878 y Curtiss, Candee & Stiles Woodbury, Conn. c. 1820 Cutler, A. Boston, Mass. [mark] Name in capitals in rectangle c. 1820 Cutler, J. N. Albany, N. Y. w. 1849 Cutler, Richard New Haven, Conn. 1736- -1810 (Cutler, Silliman, Ward iff Co., Richard Cutler iff Sons) Cutler, Richard, Jr. New Haven, Conn. 1774-18 11 Cutler, William New Haven, Conn. 1785-1817 (Son of Richard) Cutler, Silliman, Ward & Co. New Haven, Conn. w. 1767 (Richard Cutler, Hezekiah Silliman, Ambrose Ward) D Dabrall, Willson Carolinas b. 1749, w. 1774 Dagget, Henry New Haven, Conn. 1 741-1830 Dally & Halsey New York, N. Y. w. 1787 Dana, P. c. 1795 [P. Dana] Roman letters in rectangle Dane, Thomas Boston, Mass. c. 1724-c. 1796 Shaded Italic capitals in oval Shaded Roman capitals in cartouche [33] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Davenport, Samuel Milton, Mass. 1720-1793 Daverne, John Baltimore, Md. w. 1799 David, John New York, N. Y. Philadelphia, Pa. (Son of Peter) Roman capitals in rectangle 1 73 6-1 798 (I-David) © Roman capitals in small oval <® Crude capitals in small oval David, Lewis A. Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1837 David, Peter Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1738 Davis, E. Newburyport, Mass. w. Script in rectangle. i775> d- J78i EDauis] (ED) Davis, Joshua G flDAVlS] Davis, Samuel Davis, T A. I T.A.DAV1 S Davis, William Davis & Babbitt Davis & Brown [DAVIS » BROWN] Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Both marks usually accompanied by a lion passant Boston, Mass. w. 1796 Capitals in a serrated rectangle Plymouth, Mass. w. 1801 Boston, Mass. w. 1824 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Boston, Mass. w. 1823 Providence, R. I. c. 1815 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle [34] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Davis, Palmer & Co. Boston, Mass. c. 1841 (Davi Pal — ft-rf) Small shaded Roman letters or capitals in flat oval with shaded Roman BOSTON capitals in rectangle \P are Si/vet Cow] Italics in rectangle Davis, Watson & Co. I DAVIS "WATSON frCO ) Davison, Barzillai Davison, C. Boston, Mass. c. 1820 Roman capitals in rectangle Norwich, Conn. New York, N. Y. (?) Capitals in oval Philadelphia, Pa. Roman capitals incised Boston, Mass. New York, N. Y. Philadelphia, Pa. New York, N. Y. New Bedford, Mass. (C DAVISON) Davy, Adam Daws, R. R-DAWi Dawes, William Dawkins, Henry Dawson, John Delano, Jabez Demilt [DEMI I, T] Demmock, John Boston, Mass. Denise, John & Tunis New York, N. Y. Capitals with Phoenix's head; 1740-1828 late w. 1796 c. 1800 1 719-1802 w. 1754-1776 w. 1767 1763-1848 c. 1800 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle w. 1798 w. 1798 [J&TPI Denison, T. T.DENIS ON Dennis, Ebenezer and wheat sheaf in three separate rectangles c. 1790 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Hartford, Conn. b. 1753 [35] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Dennis, George, Jr. Norwich, Conn. b. 1753 (Brother of E. Dennis) De Peyster, William New York, N. Y. f. 1733 De Remier, Peter New York, N. Y. f. 1769 Roman capitals in flat oval Ithaca, N. Y. w. 1831 New London, Conn. 1 697-1 781 Boston, Mass. c. 1 764-1 813 Small Roman letters in rectangle (PDR) De Remier & Mead Deshon, Daniel Deverell, John IDeverelU Dewing, Francis Dexter, John Dexter, Minerva Dickerson, John Dickinson, Anson Dilling, D. [d. dilling] Dixon, A. Dixwell, Basil Dixwell, John Boston, Mass. Dedham, Mass. Marlboro, Mass. Middletown, Conn. Morristown, N . J. Philadelphia, Pa. Litchfield Conn. New York, N. Y. (ID) Doane, Joshua IdqaneI Roman capitals Boston, Mass. (Son of John) Boston, Mass. (Son of the Regicide) Roman capitals in oval b. c. 1716 1735- -1800 b. 1785 w. 1778 c. 1800 c. 1760 c. 1800 1711 -1746 1680-1725 Very small Roman capitals in oval Providence, R. I. d. 1753 Roman capitals in cartouche [36] DOBBS Dodge, Ezra Dodge, Nehemiah SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Doane, John Boston, Mass. 1 733-1801 New York, N. Y. w. 1788 New London, Conn. 1 766-1 798 Providence, R. I. w. 1794 Thin unshaded crude capitals in serrated rectangle Providence, R. I. w. 1795, d. 1802 Shaded Roman capitals in serrated rectangle, a star incised at either end c. 1780 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle c. 1820 Roman letters in rectangle Boston, Mass. Boston, Mass. Dodge, Seril Dole, D. N. [DTSr-DOLE] Dole, E. G. tr EGDole] Doler, Daniel Donaldson, John W. Donovan, W. IWDONOVANl Doolittle, Amos w. 1765 w. 1823 c. 1780 Doolittle, Enos Dorsey, Joshua Roman capitals in rectangle New Haven, Conn. 1754-1832 Thin Roman capitals in oval Hartford, Conn. w. 1781 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Douglas, Cantwell Baltimore, Md. w. 1799 Douglas, Robert New London, Conn. 1740-1776 Monogram in shield Monogram in wedge [37] I-DORSEY SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Dowig, George Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1765 (£!)) (?) Roman capitals in oval Dowig, George Baltimore, Md. w. 1789 (Perhaps the same as previous name) Downe s, J. Philadelphia, Pa. (?) c. 1770 [j. Dowries] Roman letters in shaped rectangle Downing, G. R. New York, N.Y. w. 1810 (?) (Possibly of Downing iff Phelps) / , Capitals in rectangle with anchor, |GRD| star and head Downing & Phelps New York, N. Y. (?) w. 18 10 D& P] Roman capitals in rectangle Drewry, George Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1763 Drown, T. P. c. 1800 [t P DROWN] Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Drowne, Benjamin Portsmouth, N. H. w. 1800 Drowne, Samuel Portsmouth, N. H. 1749-1815 (Nephew of Shem) {SxDrOJlAfn&\ Script in rectangle with indented ends |S*Dl Crude capitals, x between, in rectangle Drowne, Shem Boston, Mass. 1683-1774 Dubois, A. Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 [A DUBOIS] Roman capitals in rectangle Dubois, Joseph New York, N. Y. w. 1790 Thin shaded Roman capitals in [J-DUBQISl rectangle [38] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Dubois, T. D. c. 1780 T-D-DUBOIS Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle with sheaf of wheat in rectangle ITD-D) •j Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle with sheaves of wheat in rectangles Duche, Rene Rock New York, N. Y. w. 1804 Duffee c. 1785 [duffee] In capitals Duffield, Edward Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1756 Dummer, Jeremiah Boston, Mass. 1645- -1718 Du Morte, John Dumoutet, I. B. Dunham, R. R DUNHAM Dunkerly, Joseph (?) Dunlevey, Robert Dunn, Cary Roman capitals, pellet between, fleur-de-lys below in heart Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 Roman capitals in scroll Capitals incised Boston, Mass. Philadelphia, Pa. New York, N. Y. w. 1787 w. 1787 f. 1765 (C-Prara) Dupuy, Daniel fPDl ID-DUPUY1 Roman capitals, initials larger, in flattened oval New York, N. Y. 1719-1807 Roman capitals in rectangle Small shaded Roman capitals in rectangle [39] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Dupuy, Daniel, Jr. Durand, Cyrus dusenberry [dusenberry] duvalier Philadelphia, Pa. Newark, N. J. w. 1796 1 787-1 868 c. 1800 DUVAL.IER Duyckinck, D. [d. duyckinck] Capitals in rectangle Dwight, Timothy Boston, Mass. Capitals incised c. 1800 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle New York, N. Y. (?) c. 1790 1654-1691 Roman capitals, six pellets in rose form below, in heart E Eames, Joshua Boston, Mass. d. 1722 Easton, James Nantucket, Mass. (Apprentice of Hadwens) w. 1828 Easton, J., 2D [J. Easton, 2d] [Nantucket Pure Coin] Nantucket, Mass. Roman letters in rectangle w. 1847 Easton & Sanford Nantucket, Mass. w. 1837 [Easton & Sanford] Roman letters in rectan gle Eayers, Thomas St evens Boston, Mass. c. Roman capitals in rectangle Tollard, Conn. 1760-c. w. 1803 E AYRES Eddy & Barrows 1832 Edmechat, Claude New York, N. Y. w. 1790 Edwards, Abraham Ashby, Mass. w. 1763 (Son of Samuel of Natick) [40] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Edwards, Andrew Boston, Mass. 1 763-1 798 Edwards, Calvin Ashby, Mass. b. 1763 (Son of Samuel of Natick) Edwards, John Boston, Mass. c. 1 670-1 746 ?1 pA Crude capitals in plain quatrefoil f^r?) Crude capitals in quatrefoil with four [~^y projections /^"ijp\ Roman capitals in two semi-circles with >£j~/ two projections CiJ^m Crude capitals crowned, fleur-de-lys [ljy below in shield Edwards, Joseph Boston, Mass. J737-I783 (Grandson of John) f— —i , 7-1 Script with Roman capital initials in HEefocrrA) Pre(ftangle Roman capitals, with and without pellet || £| between, in rectangle Edwards, Samuel Boston, Mass. 1 705-1 762 (Son of John) Crude capitals crowned, pellet between, 'j*-I fleur-de-lys below, in shaped shield , Crude capitals crowned, pellet between, *y in shaped shield Edwards, Samuel Natick, Mass. 1726-1783 [4i] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Edwards, Thomas T'Tlldnjarc/s ] TE Edwards, Thomas Elderkin, Alfred Elderkin, Elisha Elleson, Peter Elliot, H. [h. elliot] Elliott, John A. Ellsworth, David Embree Boston, Mass. 1701-1755 (Son of John) Script with Roman capital initials, pellet between, in rectangle (and in oval) Roman capitals in rectangle Crude capitals crowned in shield New York,N. Y. f. 173 1 Windham, Conn. 1759— 1833 Killingworth, Conn. 1753-1822 New Haven, Conn. New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Capitals in scroll Sharon, Conn. b. 1788 (?) Windsor, Conn. 1 742-1 821 lEMBREE Emery, Stephen SE |S-Emery] S •Emery) (SD Large Roman capitals in rectangle Boston, Mass. c. 1752-1801 Shaded Roman letters in cartouche Roman capitals in rectangle Roman letters in cartouche Roman capitals in oval Shaded Roman letters in shaped rectangle Shaded Roman letters in rectangle Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle [42] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Emery, Thomas Knox Boston, Mass. c. 1781-1815 (Son of Stephen) IT-K-EMERYI Large capitals in rectangle fTKE] Emery & Co. England, William Ensign Small shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Roman letters in cartouche Boston, Mass. Philadelphia, Pa. ENSIGN c. 1785-1850 G.EOEF w. 1798 f. 1718 after 1800 Roman capitals in rectangle with pseudo hall-marks Eoff, Garrett New York, N. Y. Capitals in rectangle Letters in rectangle Eoff & Conner New York, N. Y. Eoff & Howell Philadelphia, Pa. (?) Eoff & Phyfe New York, N. Y. w. 1850 E&P] Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Eoff & Shepherd New York, N. Y. (?) late Capitals in rectangle with pseudo hall- G.Eoff w. 1833 EVSl marks Epps, Ellery Boston, Mass. D. 1808 Erwin, John Baltimore, Md. w. 1817 Etter, B. c. 1780 B-ETTER Thin Roman capitals in rectangle with sheaf of wheat [43] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Etting, Benjamin Evans, Henry HENRY EVANS New York, N. Y. f. 1769 New York, N. Y. (?) late Capitals in rectangle with pseudo hall-marks Evans, John Evans, Robert IR.EVANS] GL-U Evertson, John Ewan, J. J.EWANl New York, N.Y. w. 18 16 Boston, Mass. c. 1 768-1812 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Shaded Italic capitals in rectangle, with serrated top and scalloped bottom Roman capitals in rectangle Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Albany, N.Y. w. 1813 Charleston, S. C. c. 1800 Roman capitals in scalloped rectangle Faber, William Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1831 Faber & Hoover Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1837 Fairchild, Joseph New Haven, Conn. D. 1824 Fairchild, Robert Stratford, Conn. I7°3- Roman capitals in rectangle -1794 IRFAIRCHILD] (g£S Roman capitals, x between, in cartouche Fairman, Gideon New London, Conn. I774~ Albany, N. Y. Philadelphia, Pa. [44] -1827 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Faris, Charles Farley, Charles ICFARLEYI Boston, Mass. Script in long oval Script in long oval Ipswich, Mass. Portland, Me. c. 1790 w. 1812 1FARL.EV) Farnam, C. H. |CH FARNAM) Farnam, Henry IH-FARNAM1 Farnam, Rufus [R.FARNAM] Farnam, R. &. H. Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle with spread eagle in oval at each end Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle with spread eagle in oval at each end Capitals in rectangle Boston, Mass. b. 1773 Small Roman capitals in rectangle Boston, Mass. b. c. 1771 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Boston, Mass. w. 1807 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle after 1800 Capitals in rectangle Connecticut w. 18 10 Roman capitals in rectangle IR»H- FARNAM I Farnam, Thomas [th: farnam] Farnam & Ward I FARNAM frWARD] Farnsworth, J. C. [mark] Name incised Farrington, John Boston, Mass. Farrington & Hunnewell Boston, Mass. |FftH] Capitals in rectangle [45] w. 1833 w. 1835 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Fellows Newport R. I. (?) c. 1800 'CJ.Fenno) Shaded Roman capitals in long oval Fellows & Green Maine (?) c. [FELLOWS fr GREEN] Capitals in rectangle Felt, J. S. [j. s. felt] Fenno, J. (FELLOWS) Feurt, Peter w Fielding, George (GF) (?) Fifield, John S. Finch, Hiram Finlayson, Henry Fireng, J. P. Fisher, T. Portland, Me. Capitals in rectangle c. 1825182518251737 Fitch, Allen Fitch & Hobart Flagg, Josiah Flagg, Josiah, Jr. Fletcher, Thomas Small slightly shaded Roman letters in oval New York, N. Y. d Boston, Mass. Heavy Roman capitals, crowned, fleur- de-lys below in shield New York,N. Y. f. 173 1 Capitals in oval Westerly, R. I. Albany, N. Y. Savannah, Ga. (?) Burlington, N. J. Baltimore, Md. (?) Italics in wedge New Haven, Conn. b. 1785 (Fitch iff Hobart) New Haven, Conn. w. Boston, Mass. c. 1713- Boston, Mass. b. Boston, Mass. c. Philadelphia, Pa. c. w. w. c. c. 1840177018301765 1813 -1 741 1738 1810 1830 [t. fletcher] Roman capitals [philad. 1 [46] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Fletcher & Gardner Boston, Mass. Philadelphia, Pa. (Thos. Fletcher and Sidney Gardner) w. 1810 (Wo) Fling, George Flott, Lewis Folsom, John Foot, William Forbes, Abraham G Forbes, B. G. Forbes, Colin V. G. Forbes, G. IG. FORBES Forbes, I. W. [IWFORBES Forbes, W. Roman capitals in rectangle Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1749 Baltimore, Md. w. 18 17 Albany, N. Y. f. 178 1 East Haddam, Conn. b. 1772 New York, N. Y. w. 1769 New York, N. Y. w. 1833 New York, N.Y. w. 18 16 New York, N.Y. w. 18 16 ) Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle New York, N. Y. w. 1805 1 Roman capitals in rectangle, some times with pseudo hall marks Small Roman capitals in rectangles, star between w. 1839 New York, N. Y. W.FORBES ] Roman capitals in rectangle New York, N. Y. f. 1773, w. 1803 Script in rectangle (1803) Large Roman capitals in rectangle (1792) Forbes, William G. W.G Forces t W. FORBES ] Ford, James M. Ford, Samuel Forman, Berwin B. Sometimes with pseudo hall-marks Philadelphia, Pa. Albany, N. Y. [47] w. 1797 w. 1813 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Forrest, Alex. Baltimore, Md. w. 1802 Foster, Abraham Boston, Mass. b. 1728, w. 1800 Foster, George B. Salem, Mass. w. 1838 Boston, Mass. [mark] Full name in rectangle with "Coin" in Gothic Foster, Joseph [FOSTER) IJFOSTERl Foster, N. & T. Foster, Samuel Foster, T. I T.FOSTER Fourniquet, Lewis fFourntgue t] Boston, Mass. 1760-1839 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Newburyport, Mass. (?) c. 1800 Boston, Mass. 1 676-1 702 Newburyport, Mass. (?) c. 1800 Capitals in rectangle New York, N. Y. Italics in cartouche 1796 1785-1862 Francis, Julius C. Middletown, Conn. (Of Hughes iff Francis in 1807-1800) New York, N. Y. w. 1805-1816 Francis, N. [N FRANCIS] Franciscus, George Fraser, William Freeborn, N. |n^fKe^o^ Freemans, J. M. & Co. | J.-M-FREEMANS &Co] Roman capitals in rectangle with eagle in square with serrated top Baltimore, Md. Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1817 w. 1738 c. 1800 Shaded Roman capitals in serrated rectangle c. 1800 Small shaded Roman capitals in rectangle [48] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Frobisher, Benjamin C. Boston, Mass. 1792-1862 (B.C.Frobisher) Shaded Roman letters in rectangle Frost & Mumford Providence, R. I. c. 18 10 Frothingham, Ebenezer Boston, Mass. 1756-1814 Fryer, John W. Albany, N. Y. w. 181 3 Fueter, Daniel Christian New York, N. Y. w. 1754 CPC F) Roman capitals in oval (YORK) Italic capitals in shaped oval Fueter, David New York, N. Y. w. 1789 Fueter, Lewis New York, N. Y. w. 1770 Furer New York, N. Y. G w. 1759 Gadley & Johnson Albany, N. Y. c. 1849 Gale, I. L. c. 1820 [1. L. gale] Capitals in rectangle [1. l. g.] Capitals in rectangle Gale, John New York, N.Y. w. 18 16 [J. GALE] Roman capitals in rectangle Gale, William New York, N. Y. w. 1821 [w. g.] With pseudo hall-marks Gale, Wm. & Son New York, N. Y. c. 1850 [w. g. & s.] or [g. & s.] With pseudo hall-marks Gale & Hayden New York, N. Y. w. 1848 [g. & H.] With pseudo hall-marks Gale & Moseley New York, N. Y. (?) late Gale & Willis New York, N. Y. (?) late [49] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Gale, Wood & Hughes New York, N. Y. w. 1833 Roman capitals between a head and eagle in circles IG.W&H) Gullup, Christopher Garden, Francis Gardiner, B. [b. gardiner] [new york] Gardner, John fJ:GARDNERl m Gardner, Sidney No. Groton, Conn. Boston, Mass. 1 764-1 849 w. 1745 New York, N. Y. w. 1829 Roman capitals on curved band with pseudo hall-marks New London, Conn. 1734-1776 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Capitals in rectangle Boston, Mass. (Of Fletcher iff Gardner) GarnseyGarrett, P. 1EGARRETTJ Gaskins, J. c. 1810 w. 1811 Gay, Nathaniel Gee, Joseph Geffroy, Nicholas N GEFFROY. Philadelphia, Pa. Capitals in rectangle c. 1760 Roman capitals in shaped rectangle Boston, Mass. 1643-1713 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1788 Newport, R. I. 1 761-1839 Shaded Roman capitals in scalloped rectangle Shaded Roman capitals in scalloped rectangle New York, N. Y. w. 1833 [50] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Gelston, Geo. P. Boston, Mass. w. 1830 (Of Wolcott iff Gelston) Gelston, Henry Boston, Mass. w. 1828 Gelston, Hugh Boston, Mass. w. 1816 Gelston, Maltby Boston, Mass. d. 1828 (Of Wolcott iff Gelston) Gelston & Co. New York, N. Y. w. 1836 [gelston & co new york] In capitals Gelston & Treadwell New York, N. Y. (?) late [mark] Name in capitals in rectangle late Gelston, Ladd & Co. [GELSTON LAPP frCO Georgeon, Bernard Germon, G. D. Germon, John Gerrish, Timothy New York, N. Y. Capitals in rectangle w. 1797 GERRISH TG (?) Ghiselin, Cesar (ce. Ghiselin, William Gibbs, Daniel Gibbs, John [J GIBBS] GlBNEY, M. Philadelphia, Pa. Philadelphia, Pa. w. 18 19 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1788 Portsmouth, N. H. 1753-1813 Script in rectangle Capitals in engrailed rectangle Capitals in rectangle Philadelphia, Pa. d. 1733 Crude capitals in rectangle flanked by outlined stars Crude capitals in heart Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1751 Boston, Mass. w. 1716 Providence, R. I. d. 1797 Capitals in rectangle New York, N. Y. (?) [51] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Giffing, C. New York, N. Y. late [c. giffing n. y.] Capitals in rectangle with pseudo hall-marks Gilbert, Samuel Hebron, Conn. w. 1798 ( SG) Capitals in rectangle Gilbert, William New York, N. Y. w. 1783 1 y^-Ql/O^orC] Semi-script in rectangle [VVG Roman capitals in rectangle Gilbert & Cunningham New York, N. Y. w. 1839 Gill, Caleb Hingham, Mass. 1774-1855 Gill, Leavitt Hingham, Mass. 1789-1854 Gilley, Peter Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 Gilman, Benj. Clark Exeter, N. H. 1763-1835 1 BCG J Roman capitals in rectangle Gilman, John Ward Exeter, N. H. 1771-1823 [1. w. g.] Capitals incised Giude, Thomas New York, N. Y. b. I75i,w. 1774 Given, A. Albany, N. Y. w. 1849 Goelet, Philip New York, N. Y. b. 1701, f. 173 1 Crude capitals in oval Goldthwaite, Joseph Boston, Mass. 1706-1780 Crude capitals crowned, fleur-de-lys below in shield Crude capitals crowned, fleur-de-lys below in quatrefoil [52] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Goode, L. [l. goode] Capitals in rectangle Goodhue, John Salem, Mass. w. 1840 (?) [J.GOODHUEJ Capitals in rectangle Gooding, Henry Boston, Mass. w. 1833 (GOODING 1 Small shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Gooding, Josiah c. 1810 [Josiah Gooding] Small Roman letters in rectangle QtoysBuifJtrrg) Smaller Italic letters in long oval Goodwin, Allyn Hartford, Conn. 1 797-1 869 Goodwin, Benjamin Boston, Mass. w. 1756 [¦pT — ; — \ Shaded Roman letters in rectangle 1 OQ ^'"J with triangular dots between initials Goodwin, H. & A. Hartford, Conn. D. 1825 (The Brothers Horace and Allyn) Goodwin, Horace Hartford, Conn. Goodwin, Ralph Hartford, Conn. Goodwin & Dodd Hartford, Conn. Gookin, Daniel Boston, Mass. (Apprenticed to Dummer in 1696) Gordon, A. & J. New York, N. Y. Gordon, Andrew New York, N. Y. CgoSSokI Shaded Roman capitals in serrated rectangle (This mark may be that of Jas. Gordon) Gordon, James New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Gordon & Co. Boston, Mass. w. 1849 Gorham, J. & Son Providence, R. I. w. 1841 [53] 1787- -1864 1793- -1866 w. 1812 b. 1682 w. 1798 w. 1796 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Gorham, Jabez Providence, R. I. b. 1792 Gorham, John New Haven, Conn. w. 1814 Gorham, John Providence, R. I. b. 1820 Gorham, Miles New Haven, Conn. Capitals in rectangle 1757- -1847 (M.GJ [M.GORHAMI Capitals in rectangle Gorham, Richard New Haven, Conn. 1775- -1841 Gough, James Gowen, William [W-GOWENJ (Of Shethar iff Gorham, 1804) Gorham & Webster Providence, R. I. w. 1831 [mark] Name in script in rectangle or scroll New York, N. Y. w. 1769 Charlestown, Mass. 1749-c. 1803 Medford, Mass. Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle West Suffield, Conn. b. 1764 Marblehead, Mass. 1731-1804 Roman capitals in rectangle Marblehead, Mass Philadelphia, Pa. Maryland WG Graham, Daniel Grant, Thomas fT-GRANTl Grant, William Grant, William Gray, Charles Gray, G. fGTGRAYl Gray, John ED (?) 1 766-1 809 w. 1796 b. 1749, w. 1774 c. 1825 Shaded Roman capitals in serrated rectangle Boston, Mass. New London, Conn. Capitals in rectangle [54] 1 692-1 720 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Gray, Robert Portsmouth, N. H. d. 1850 iRQR'r r*R ASH Small shaded Roman capitals in rectangle <-—--•——--———— ' with extremely small scallops Thin unshaded Roman letters in rectangle 1 684-1 71 3 R'Gray | Gray, Samuel Boston, Mass. New London, Conn. (Brother of John) [5-GRAY | Roman capitals in rectangle (GRAYj (0 Roman capitals in rectangle Gray, Samuel Boston, Mass. b. 1710 Gray & Libby late Green, Bartholomew Boston, Mass. b. 1697 Green, Benjamin Boston, Mass. 1712-1776 B -GREEN] Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Boston, Mass. 1 707-1 777 Shaded Roman capitals in waved rectangle Shaded Roman capitals in shaped 1 R.GREENE ] redangle Greene, Rufus [rgreene) Mi (?) (?) Shaded Roman capitals, pellet between, in cartouche Shaded Roman capitals, pellet between, in shaped rectangle Small capitals in rectangle Capitals crowned in shield Greene, William & Co. Providence, R. I. [55] 1815 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Greenleaf, David [D.Green leef Greenleaf, David. Jr. ^RElENLEAFl Greenleaf, Joseph Greenough, Daniel Griffin, Isaiah Griffith, David Grigg, William [CrT'iQQ I Script in shaped rectangle Grignon, Benjamine Boston, Mass. Grignon, Rene (Capt.) Norwich, Conn. Bolton, Mass. i 73 7-1 800 Norwich, Conn. Hartford, Conn. Roman letters in recta ngl e Hartford, Conn. 1765-1835 Shaded Roman letters in scalloped rectangle New London, Conn. 1 778-1 798 Newcastle, N. H. w. 1714 w. 1802 Boston, Mass. D. 1798 New York, N. Y. f. 1765, w. 1779 n. a. f. 1685 d. 1715 RG Griswold, Gilbert Roman capitals crowned, stag courant below, in a shield Guille, Noah Guirna, Anthony Middletown, Conn. Portland, Me. Boston, Mass. Philadelphia, Pa. Gunn, Enos Waterbury, Conn. [e. gunn] Capitals in rectangle Gurley, William Norwich, Conn. Roman capitals in rectangle New York, N. Y. [56] [WGl Gurnee, B. & S. c. 1810 w. 1 701 w. 1796 b. 1770 b. 1764 w. 1833 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS H Philadelphia, Pa. Boston, Mass. Boston, Mass. Haddock, Lincoln & Foss Boston, Mass. [mark] Firm name in small Roman capitals Hadwen, William Providence, R. I. Hackle, William Haddock, Henry Haddock & Andrews w. 1766 c. 1830 w. 1838 w. 1865 incised w. 181 3-1820 Hall, A. B. Hall, Abijah Hall, Charles Hall, David Hall, Drew Hall, Green Hall, Joseph [1. hall] (?) Nantucket, Mass. (Partner of Jabez Gorham) Albany, N. Y. Lancaster, Pa. Philadelphia,. Pa. New York, N. Y. Albany, N. Y. (Of Carson iff Hall) Albany, N. Y. Capitals in rectangle Hall & Brower Hall & Hewson Albany, N. Y. Albany, N. Y. Hall, Hewson & Brower Albany, N. Y. Hall, Hewson & Co. Albany, N. Y. Hall, Hewson & Merrifield Albany, N. Y. Hallam, John New London, Conn. Halsey, Jabez New York, N. Y. 1 1* HALiSEY I Roman capitals in rectangle — ' :s7] w. 1813 w. 1765 w. 1765 w. 1789 d. 1863 f. 1781 w. 1853 w. 1819 w. 1845 w. 1836 w. 1840 1752-18001762-1820 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Halsted, Benjamin Jiafrledt Halstrick, Joseph Halstrick, Wm. S. Ham, George Hamersly, Thomas New York, N. Y. w. 1764- 178 3 Philadelphia, Pa. Newark, N. J. Script in irregular shape Boston, Mass. 1815-1886 Portsmouth, N. H. w. 1810 New York, N. Y. w. 1756 TH Script capitals in oval Shaded Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle New York, N. Y. Hamill, J. [j. hamill, n. y.] Capitals in rectangle c. 1810 Annapolis, Md. w. 1766 Portland, Me. 1810-1900 Providence, R. I. b. 1772 Middletown, Conn. Charlestown, Mass. b. 1732 Providence, R. I. Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Windham, Conn. 173 8-1 8 10 Litchfield, Conn. Ashford, Conn. Hannah, W. W. Albany, N. Y. (?) c. 1850 [mark] Name incised in capitals with pseudo hall-marks Hanners, George Boston, Mass. c. 1696-1740 Hamilton, James Hamlin, Cyrus Hamlin, William Hancock, John [J.HANCOCK) Hanks, Benjamin /G'JTANNERS] Italic capitals in rectangle Crude capitals crowned, pellet below in shield [58] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Hanners, George, Jr. Boston, Mass. 1721-1760 Hansell, Robert Boston, Mass. c. 1823 Harding, C. H. jate [mark] Name in capitals incised Harding, Newell Haverhill, Mass. 1 799-1 862 Boston, Mass. MJIordnig/ Very small Italic letters in scroll iNHar-din 1 ^ery smaM" unshaded Roman letters .. ~" in rectangle Harding, N. & Co. Boston, Mass. c. i860 Hardy, Stephen Portsmouth, N. H. 1 781-1843 (Apprentice of Revere' s and Wm. Simes') (HARDY) Capitals in long octagon HARDY) Roman letters in rectangle Harland, Thomas England 173 5-1 807 Norwich, Conn. I„AD. AiLjr>l ^n rec^ang'e or scroll between profile and eagle displayed Harland, Thomas, Jr. Norwich, Conn. 1781-1806 Harmon, Reuben New York, N. Y. w. 1787 Harris & Stanwood Boston, Mass. w. 1845 [mark] Name in capitals in rectangle Harris & Wilcox Troy, N. Y. w. 1844 Hart, Eliphaz Norwich, Conn. 1 789-1 866 [ E.HART [ Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle |EH] Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle [59] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Hart, Judah Middletown, Conn. 1777-1824 Norwich, Conn. (Hart and Brewer, 1800; Hart and Bliss, 1803; Hart and Wilcox, 1803) [J.HARTJ Roman capitals in rectangle ifJ^tart] Script in rectangle Hart & Bliss Middletown, Conn. w. 1803 Hart & Brewer Middletown, Conn. w. 1800 Hart & Smith late [mark] Name in rectangle with pseudo hall-marks Hart & Wilcox Norwich, Conn. w. 1805 (Judah Hart and Alran Wilcox) [cy] |HfrWf Capitals with index hand, each in rectangle Harwood HAR WOOD Capitals in square Hascy, Alexander Hascy, Nelson Haskell, Barnabas Hastier, John \l M/ Roman capitals in heart I T.Ul Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Albany, N. Y. w. 1849 Albany, N. Y. w. 1849 Boston, Mass. w. 1833 New York, N. Y. f. 1726 Roman ERIETTE Name capitals in rectangle New York, N. Y. in capitals in rectangle [60] with w. c. ea; na Hastier, Margu Hastings [mark] 1771 1830 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Hayden & Gregg Charleston, S. C. w. 183 2-1 840 Hayes, W. Conn. (?) c. 1780 IW'Hoye&l Roman letters in rectangle VyH Large Roman capitals in rectangle Hayes & Cotton Newark, N.J. w. 1831 Hays, Andrew New York, N. Y. f. 1769 Hays & Myers New York, N. Y. c. Newport, R. I. (Meyer Myers) Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Boston, Mass. d. 1765 H#M Healy, Samuel 1773 Hearn, R. [r. hearn] Capitals in rectangle Heath, John New York, N. Y. Capitals in flat oval f. 1761 OHEATK) Hebberd, H. New York, N. Y. w. 1847 Hedges [mark] Name in capitals in rectangle c. 1830 Helme South Kingston, R. I. [helmTi Capitals in wedge Heming, Thomas New York, N. Y. (?) c. 1764 Hempsted, E. w. 1820 Henchman, Danj el Boston, Mass. 1730-1775 [Henchman I Shaded Roman letters in rectangle Shaded Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle [61] DB SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Hendricks, Ahasuerus New York, N. Y. m. before 1679, f. 1698 \/^\) Roman capital monogram in oval Hequemburg, Charles, Jr. New Haven, Conn. 1760-1851 Herbert, Lawrence Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1748 Heron, Isaac New York, N. Y. w. 1768 Heughan, John Scheneclady, N. Y. w. 1772 Hewes, Abram Boston, Mass. w. 1823 Hews, A., Jr. Boston, Mass. c. 1850 [mark] Name in capitals incised Hewson, John D. Albany, N. Y. d. 1862 Heyer, W. B. New York, N. Y. 1798- -1827 WB.HEYER \YY.B.Heyer\ Hiams, Moses Sometimes with \Y\*fy )N or iJ.GALEl Semi-script in rectangle Philadelphia, Pa. b. 1751, w. 1775 1738-1763 Higgins, Abraham Eastham, Mass. (Apprentice of Moody Russell (?) ) Hiller, Benjamin Boston, Mass. b. 1687, w. 1739 )RM( Crude capitals in cartouche Crude capitals, two crescents below, in shaped shield Hiller, Joseph Boston, Mass. (Son of Benjamin) [62] 1721-1758 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Hiller, Joseph (Major) Salem, Mass. 1748-1814 (Grandson of Benjamin) Hilldrup, Thomas Hartford, Conn. d. c. 1795 Hinsdale, Epaphras New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Hinsdale, H. New York, N. Y. c. 1831 Hitchborn, Samuel Boston, Mass. 1752- -1828 Hitchcock, Eliakim [e h] (?) Cheshire, Conn. New Haven, Conn. Capitals in rectangle 1726- 1788 Hobart, Joshua New Haven, Conn. (Of Fitch iff Hobart) Capitals in rectangle w. 1813 [JHOBART1 Hobbs, Nathan Boston, Mass. 1792- Small Roman capitals in rectangle Small Roman letters in rectangle -1868 IHOBBSI iN.Hobbsl Hodgman, T. HODSDON Holland, Littleton Baltimore, Md. c. 1804 Small shaded Roman capitals in angle with pseudo hall-mark rect- (HOLLAND) s Hollingshead, William Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1762 Holmes, Israel Greenwich, Conn. Waterbury, Conn. 1768 -1802 Holton, David Baltimore, Md. w. 1804 Holyoke, Edward [holyoke] Boston, Mass. Capitals in rectangle [63] w. 1817 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Homes, William, Sr. Boston, Mass. 1717-1783 | W-H Om e S] Mixed Roman letters in rectangle \tiOM[E&) Shaded Italic capitals in rectangle Unshaded Italic capitals in rectangle \HOMES\ vm w.h [WhI Shaded Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Small Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Small Roman capitals, no pellet between, in rectangle Boston, Mass. 1 742-1 825 Homes, William, Jr. A comparison of the inscriptions on Homes' silver indicates that father and son probably used some of the same marks, the identification of the maker depending, therefore, upon the period of the piece. The W H marks appear to occur more frequently on the son's silver, while the marks containing the name seem to be found on the father's pieces Hood & Tobey Albany, N. Y. w. 1849 Hookey, William Newport, R. I. d. 1812 Hopkins, Jesse Waterbury, Conn. b. 1766 Hopkins, Joseph Waterbury, Conn. 1730-1801 Hopkins, Stephen Waterbury, Conn. 1721- -1796 Horn, E. B. Boston, Mass. w. 1847 Hotchkiss, Hezekiah New Haven, Conn. d. 1761 HOTCHKISS & SCHROEDER H»S Capitals incised Hough, Samuel Boston, Mass. Capitals in rectangle [64] 1675- -1717 ISH] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Houlton, John Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 Hovy [Hovy] Roman letters How, David Boston, Mass. b. c. Castine, Maine 1745, w. 1805 Howard, Abram Salem, Mass. w. 1810 Howard, William Boston, Mass. D. 1823 Howe, Otis Boston, Mass. Portsmouth, N. H. 1788- -1825 Howell, G. W. c. Script in rectangle Philadelphia, Pa. w. Semi-script in shaped rectangle Albany or Troy, N. Y. c. 1790 &OJMoufeM \ Howell, James 1811 J.H6o*£e\ Hoyt, George B. 1830 [geo. b. hoyt] With pseudo hall-marks Huertin, William New York, N. Y. f. I73i» d- 1771 ($vh) (?) Roman capitals in oval Roman capitals in rectan; er & Co. Baltimore, Md. rle w. WH Huges, Christoph 1773 Hughes, Edmund Hampton, Conn. Middletown, Conn. w. 1804 -1806 (Of Ward iff Hughes, 1805; Hughes iff Bliss, 1806; Hughes iff Francis 1807-1809) Hughes, Henry Maryland [65] b. 1756, w. 1774 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Hull, John England 1624-1683 Boston, Mass. \I Hy Crude capitals, fleur-de-lys below, in heart (JJp) Crude capitals, rose above, in superim- (||f) posed circles (*§tt) Crude capitals, rose above, in rectangle || Hj surmounted by circle Boston, Mass. w. 1652 John Hull and Robert Sanderson each placed his individual mark on pieces made by the firm. These marks will be found listed under their separate names. While prob ably other combinations may have been used, the ones noted at present are given at left after 1800 Philadelphia, Pa. Hull & Sanderson ^ m Hull & Sanger Humphrey, Richard w. 1771 SHI (?) Humphreys, Thomas Hunt, Edward Hunter, Daniel Huntington, Philip (?) Script in shaped oval Capitals in rectangle Philadelphia, Pa. Philadelphia, Pa. Newport, R. I. PM Norwich, Conn. Capitals in rectangle Huntington, Roswell Norwich, Conn. Huntington, S. Maine (?) [mark] Name in rectangle [66] w. 1814 f. 1718 c. 1785 1 770-1 825 b. 1763 late SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Hurd, Benjamin Roxbury, Mass. 1739-178 1 r niTi 1 /jx Crude capitals, arrow between, in rectangle Hurd, Jacob Boston, Mass. 1702-1758 I i3.COb ("JJ-n'T d J Roman letters in cartouche ¦>@fta€j) ^ [HUlVDl IHUKD1 3® (?) Hurd, Nathaniel Sloping Roman capitals in cartouche Semi script with sloping Roman initial letter, in oval Small, shaded Roman capitals, in rectangle Thin large Roman capitals in rectangle Small Roman letters in flat-top cartouche Small Roman letters in cartouche Roman capitals, pellet between, in cartouche 1729-1777 N-Hufd Boston, Mass. (Son of Jacob) Shaded Roman letters in rectangle Very small letters in cartouche [N-HurcT) Small Roman letters in shaped rectangle Hurlbeart, Philip Philadelphia, Pa: d. 1764 Hurst, Henry Boston, Mass. c. 1665-1717 Roman letters in shield Hurtin & Burgi Boundbrook, N. J. [67] w. 1766 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Husband, John Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 Huston, James Baltimore, Md. w. 1799 Hutchinson, J. Hutt, John New York, N. Y. w. 1774 Hutton, George Albany, N. Y. (Partner of Isaac) w. 1796 Hutton, Isaac Albany, N. Y. 1767- -1855 HUTTON] HUTTON ALBANY Hutton, John H-I Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle with eagle in circle Roman capitals in divided rectangle New York, N. Y. f. 1720 Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Hutton, John S. New York, N. Y. Philadelphia, Pa. 1684-1792 Hyde Newport, R. I. Roman capitals in rectangle New Orleans, La. c. 1730 (?) HYDE Hyde & Goodrich w. 1830 Hyde & Nevins New York, N. Y. w. 1798 (Associated with W . B. Heyer) Hyde&Nevins Shaded Roman letters in rectangle Ives, David Ives, L. [68] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Ilsley c. 1830 [mark] Name in capitals in engrailed rectangle [mark] Name in large capitals in serrated rectangle IVERS, B. C. l800 Small shaded Roman capitals, initials larger, in serrated rectangle MVERSJ J Jackson, James Jackson, John [JACKSON) Jackson, Joseph Jacobs, A. [mark][mark] Jacobs, George Jacobs, Moses Jarvis, Munson b. 1756 1 632-1736 w. 1804 c. 1800 w. 1802 Maryland New York, N. Y. Crude capitals in rectangle Baltimore, Md. New York, N. Y. Name in capitals in rectangle Name in capitals incised Baltimore, Md. Philadelphia, Pa. b. 1753, w. 1775 Stamford, Conn. 1742-1825 |M*J] Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Jenckes, John C. Providence, R. I. w. 1795 JJENCKES Capitals incised Jenkins, John Philadelphia, Pa. Jennings, Jacob Norwalk, Conn. Jennings, Jacob, Jr. Norwalk, Conn. Boston, Mass. Shaded Roman capitals, circle above, pellet below, in a circle Shaded Roman capitals, pellet between, in oval [69] Jesse, David ® ® w. 1796 1729-18 17 b. 1779 1 670-1 705 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Johnson, C. Albany, N. Y. w. 1825 [mark] Name in rectangle with pseudo hall-marks Johnson, M. W. Albany, N.Y. w. 1815 Johnson, Samuel New York, N. Y. w. 1783 Crude capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Boston, Mass. w. 1799 Albany, N.Y. w. 1847 Portland, Me. (?) c. 18 10 ^Jl (?) Johnson, William Johnson & Godley Johnson & Reat Johonnot, William Jones, George B. Jones, John Capitals in shaped rectangle with eagle Middletown, Conn. Windsor, Vt. Boston, Mass. I J. J ONES] Jones, John B. [ J.B.JONES | [Pure coin] Jones, Wm. Boston, Mass. (Of Baldwin iff Jones) Roman capitals in rectangle Boston, Mass. Capitals in two rectangles Marblehead, Mass. [^rV'I | Crude capitals in rectangle Jones, John B. & Co. Boston, Mass. Jones & Ward Boston, Mass. Jones, Ball & Co. Boston, Mass. [mark] Firm name incised in capitals Jones, Ball & Poor Boston, Mass. [mark] Firm name in capitals incised C7°] 1 766-1 849 1815-1875 c. 1810 1782-18541694-1730 w. 1838 c. 1815 w. 1852 w. 1846 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Jones, Low & Ball Boston, Mass. w. 1839 [mark] Firm name in capitals in rectangle w. 1774 1725 Judah New York, N. Y. K Kay, Am Crude Boston, Mass. lAJCl capitals in rectangle Keeler, Joseph Capit Norwalk, Conn. IK] als in rectangle 1786-1824 Keeler, T. c. 1800 IT*. KEELER] Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Keith, Timothy Boston, Mass. c. 1800 [t — keith] Capitals in rectangle Kelley, Allen Providence, R. I. c. 18 10 Kelley, E. G. & J. H. Providence, R. I. c. 1820 Kelly, Grael Boston, Mass. w. 1823 Kendal, Charles New York, N. Y. w. 1787 Kenney, Thomas Norwich, Conn. c. 1825 (See Thomas Kinney) [t k] Capitals in rectangle Kettel, Thomas Charlestown, Mass. w. 1784 [t. k] (?) Capitals with pellet between Kidney, Cann & Johnson New York, N. Y. w. 1850 Kierstead, Cornelius New York, N. Y. 1674-1753 New Haven, Conn. £|£ Crude capitals in rectangle {QH) ,y'" Crude capitals, lozenge and two pellets "jelow, i [7i] <|*7 below, in shield SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Kimball, J. [mark] Kind, Jane King, Joseph Kingston, John Kinney, Thomas [t k] Kip, Benjamin Kippen, George [G'KIPFENI Kirk, Samuel GEsKS IS-KIRKI Kirk, Samuel & Son Kirk & Smith Kirtland, Joseph P. Kline, B. & Co. Kneeland, Joseph c. 1785 neeiani Name in rectangle Boston, Mass. 1624-1710 Middletown, Conn. 1 770-1 807 New York, N. Y. f. 1775 Norwich, Conn. c. 1825 (See Thomas Kenney) Capitals in rectangle New York, N. Y. f. 1702 Middletown, Conn. b. 1790, w. 1825 Bridgeport, Conn. Roman capitals in rectangle Baltimore, Md. 1793-1872 Roman capitals in scalloped rectangle Roman capitals in rectangle Roman capitals in rectangle Baltimore, Md. w. 1846 Baltimore, Md. w. 1818 Middletown, Conn. b. 1770, w. 1796 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1837 Boston, Mass. 1698-1760 Script with Roman capital initials, two pellets between, in cartouche Krider, Peter L. [p.l.k.] Krider & Biddle Philadelphia, Pa. Capitals Philadelphia, Pa. With pseudo hall-marks [72] w. 1850 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Kucher, Jacob Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1811 [MCUCHER] Capitals in rectangle Ladd, H. H. Laforme, F. J. Laforme, Vincent V.LAFORME Lakeman, E. K. [EK.LAKEMAN Lamar, Mathias (M7I (?) Lamb, Anthony Lamb, John Lam son, J. J-LAMSON) c. 1800 w. 1835 w. 1850 1S5 Lane, Aaron [a. l.] (?) Lang, Edward [LAKGl Lang, Jeffrey (I-LANG) (LANG) Boston, Mass. Boston, Mass. Roman capitals incised Salem, Mass. c. 1830 Small shaded Roman letters in rectangle Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 Roman capital monogram in rectangle New York, N. Y. w. 1760 New York, N. Y. w. 1756 c. 1790 Thin large Roman capitals in rectangle Roman capitals, pellet between, in cartouche Elizabethtown, N. J. w. 1780 Capitals in cartouche Salem, Mass. 1742-1830 Roman capitals in rectangle Roman capitals in rectangle Salem, Mass. 1707-1758 Small shaded Roman capitals in long oval Small shaded Roman capitals in long oval [73] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Lang, Richard Salem, Mass. 173 3-1 820 | R» LANG | Roman capitals in rectangle Lansing, John G. Albany, N. Y. (Jg]D) Capitals in half oval Lathrop, Rufus Norwich, Conn. Lawrie, Robert D. Philadelphia, Pa. Leach, Charles Boston, Mass. Shaded Roman capitals in scalloped rectangle Boston, Mass. (Brother of Charles) Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1741 Utica, N.Y. w. 1832 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 175 1 (eg Leach, Nathaniel w. 1780 1731-1805 w. 1841 c. 1765-1814 D. 1789 Leach, Samuel Leach & Bradley Leacock, John ULEACOCK) IL Large shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Roman capitals in rectangle [HJ in rectangle ff^) Capitals, pellet between, with emblem above, in cartouche Leddel, Joseph J. New York, N. Y. w. 1752 Lee, Thomas Farmington, Conn. (Partner of Martin Bull) 1717-1806 Legare, Daniel Boston, Mass. 1688-1724 Legare, Francis Boston, Mass. 1636-1711 Lent, John Philadelphia, Pa. [74] w. 1751 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Le Ret, Peter Baltimore, Md. Le Roux, Bartholomew New York, N.Y. Le Roux, Charles New York, N. Y. [c l] Capitals in rectangle c. 1799 d. 1713 f. 1725 Le Roux, John IE Letelier, John I-LT Leverett, Knight (SC) ED Lewin, Gabriel Lewis, Harvey H-LEWIS Lewis, Isaac New York, N. Y. f. 1723 Roman capitals with pellet between, in rectangle Roman capitals in oval Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1770 Shaded Roman capitals with pellet, in rectangle Boston, Mass. I7°3_T753 Script in cartouche Capitals in shield Capitals in rectangle Baltimore, Md. w. 1771 Roman capitals in rectangle Philadelphia, Pa. w. 18 19 Capitals in rectangle Ridgefield, Conn. 1 773-1 860 Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Philadelphia, Pa. w. 181 1 IfrLEWISl Lewis & Smith GsL&JMJ t/\rhl£jtfl) Script in irregular shape [75] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Libby, J. G. L. Boston, Mass. c. 1830 t ,~ , , ., , — > Very small, slightly shaded Roman I J.G.L.Libfarl , • n 1 letters in rectangle [Libby [ [Boston] Letters in rectangle Lincoln, Elijah [E.Llncotn} Lincoln & Green Hingham, Mass. w. 1 818-1833 Shaded Roman letters in rectangle c. 1790 Shaded Roman capitals in engrailed rectangle Lincoln & Reed [mark] LlNTOT Little, William [W L] (?) Littleton, T. Hodgman Lockwood, F. Long, Robert Loring, Eliphalet Boston, Mass. c. 1848 Firm name in rectangle New York, N. Y. w. 1762 Newburyport, Mass. w. 1775 Capitals in rectangle after 1800 New York, N. Y. w. 1845 ortrto — ¦ -^c~ Loring, Henry Loring, Joseph Maryland b. 1753, w. 1774 Barnstable, Mass. b. 1740, m. 1764 Large Italic shaded letters in cartouche Boston, Mass. Hull, Mass. Boston, Mass. 1 773-i8i8 1743-1815 \J L\ GEg \JLor/ri§\ Small shaded Italic letters in cartouche Italics in rectangle Small shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Italics in shaped rectangle [76] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS 1813-1891 Lossing, Benson John Poughkeepsie, N. Y. (The Author and Artist) Loud, Asa Low, Francis Low, John J. Low, Ball & Co. Low, John J. & Co. Lowell & Senter Hartford, Conn. Boston, Mass. Salem, Mass. Boston, Mass. Boston, Mass. Portland, Me. 1765-18231 806-1 85 5 c. 1 800-1 876 w. 1840 w. 1828 c. 1830 [mark] Firm name in capitals incised Lownes, Edward Philadelphia, Pa. [e. lownes] In rectangle Lownes, Joseph Philadelphia, Pa. (&Sg&ume^J Script letters in irregular shape Lownes, J. & J. H. Philadelphia, Pa. Luscomb, John G. Boston, Mass. Luzerder, Benjamin New York, N. Y. Lyell, David Lynch, John Lynde, Thomas w. 1819 w. 1796 w. 1819 w. 1823 w. 1796 f. 1699 w. 1804 I 745-1812 New York, N. Y. Baltimore, Md. Worcester, Mass. [T-EYNDEl Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Lyng, John Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1734 [1. l] Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Lyng, John Burt New York, N. Y. f. 1761 LYNG N.YORK (233 Capitals in rectangle Small Roman capitals, pellet between in rectangle [77] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS M Main, David Stonington, Conn. 1752-1843 Malrid & Co. New York, N. Y. w. 1787 Mann, Alexander Middletown, Conn. b. 1777 (Of Brewer iff Mann, 1803-1805. See Charles Brewer) Manning, Daniel Boston, Mass. w. 1823 Mansfield, Elisha H. Norwich, Conn. b. 1795, w. 1816 (Of Coit iff Mansfield) Mansfield, John Charlestown, Mass. 1601-1674 Marble, Simeon New Haven, Conn. 1777-1856 (Of Sibley iff Marble) [s. marble] Capitals in rectangle Marquand, Frederick New York, N. Y. c. 1800 [f. marquand] Roman capitals in rectangle with pseudo hall-marks Marquand & Co. New York, N. Y. c. 1 820-1 840 [mark] Firm name with pseudo hall-marks Mars, S. c. 1770 1 ,„.. .. \ Script, six pellets between initials, 1 ' in shaped rectangle Marsh, B. Albany, N. Y. c. 1850 [mark] Name and place in incised capitals with pseudo hall-marks Marshall, Joseph Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1819 Martin, Peter New York, N. Y. f. 1756 Martin, V. Boston, Mass. w. 1859 Small shaded Roman capitals in V-MARTIN] rectangle with pure coin, boston, and pseudo hall-marks incised [78] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Masi, Seraphim Washington, D. C. w. 1832 Maverick, D. New York, N. Y. Shaded Roman capital monogram, in cartouche VMf\ (?) Maverick, Peter R. McClinch, John McClymon, J. C. New York, N. Y. Boston, Mass. New York, N. Y. Meredith, N. H. McDougall, Wm. [wm. mcdougall] Capitals in rectangle McFarlane, John yM^EAJtLANE] Boston, Mass. 1755-1811 w. 1760 w. 1805 c. 1825 d. 1796 Shaded Roman capitals in serrated rectangle IJ.M?F| McFee, John McHarg, Alexander McMullin, John [LMcMulUn I.M McMullin & Black Mead, B. Mead, Adriance & Co. Mead & Adriance I MEAD frADRlANCE 1ST. LOUIS] Mecom, John Mecum, George Capitals in rectangle Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 Albany, N. Y. w. 1849 Philadelphia, Pa. 1 765-1 843 Roman letters in rectangle Capitals in rectangle Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1811 Massachusetts (?) Ithaca, N.Y. w. 1832 St. Louis, Mo. c. 1820 Small shaded Roman capitals in rectangle with pseudo hall-marks New York, N. Y. d. 1770 Boston, Mass. w. 1830 [79] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Merick, J. B. U.B. Merick I Roman letters in rectangle Merkler, John H. New York, N. Y. w. 1788 Merrifield, Thomas V. Z. Albany, N. Y. w. 1840 (Of Hall, Hewson iff Merrifield) Merriman, Marcus Cheshire, Conn. 1762-1850 New Haven, Conn. (Of Merriman iff Tuttle, 1802; Marcus Merriman iff Co., 1802; Merriman iff Bradley, 1817) IrVlMj Crude capitals in rectangle ®(?) Roman capitals, pellets below, flanked with spread eagle, wheat sheaf in ovals Merriman, Marcus, Jr. New Haven, Conn. w. 1826 (Of Bradley and Merriman) Merriman, Marcus & Co. New Haven, Conn. w. 1802 Capitals, colons between, in serrated MNWCOJ "F';eaangi: Merriman, Reuben Litchfield, Conn. 1783-1866 Merriman, Samuel New Haven, Conn. 1769-1805 [S. Merriman] Roman letters in rectangle Merriman, Silas New Haven, Conn. 173 4-1 805 (Father of Marcus and Samuel) Merriman & Bradley New Haven, Conn. w. 18 17 (M. Merriman, Sr., and Zebul Bradley) (j) Small capitals in rectangle, above, iMtf-B] a grapevine Merriman & Tuttle New Haven, Conn. w. 1802 (M. Merriman, Sr., and B. Tuttle) [80] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Merrow, Nathan East Hartford, Conn. 1758- -1825 Meyrick, Richard Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1729 Miles, John Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 Millar, J. Boston, Mass. c. 1825 Miller, P. d. 1800 Millner, Thomas Boston, Mass. c. 1690-c. 1745 [TMJ Crude capitals in shaped circle Milne, Edmund Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1761 Minott, Samuel Boston, Mass. 173 2-1 803 \Mvnott\ Script in rectangle Script in shaped rectangle Roman capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Small script capitals, pellet between, in rectangle Script capital in square The first mark above also appears with [XA] Josiah Austin IW.S) Wm. Simpkins Mitchell, Phineas Boston, Mass. w. 1812 Mix, James Albany, N. Y. w. 1817 Mix, Visscher Albany, N. Y. w. 1849 Moffat, F. W. Albany, N. Y. w. 1853 Mood, I. Charleston, S. C. Roman capitals in two [81] (?) rectangles 1800 [II [MOOD | SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Moore, E. C. New York, N. Y. w. 1850 Moore, J. C. New York, N. Y. w. 1836 Moore, J. L. Philadelphia, Pa. Shaded Roman capitals in Maryland b. c. rectangle 1737, w. 1810 J.LMOORE Moore, Robert 1774 Moore & Brown New York, N. Y. w. 1833 Moore & Ferguson c. 1800 Morgan c. 1800 [mark] Surname incised Morris, James Maryland b. 1754, w. 177s Morris, John New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Morris, Sylvester New York, N. Y. f. 1759 Morse, David Boston, Mass. D. 1798 Morse, Hazen Boston, Mass. w. 1813 Morse, Moses Boston, Mass. w. 1813 [M.MORSE I Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Morse, Nathaniel Boston, Mass. c. 1685-1748 Roman capitals, crowned, flower (?) be low in shaped shield (used in 171 1) Roman capitals, crowned pellet between, bird below in shield (used in 1739) NSA] Sloping capitals in a rectangle Morse, Stephen Newbury, Mass. b. 1743, w. 1796 Boston, Mass. C82] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS COBKECTED L.IST OF MOULTOS SIWERifillllli APRIL 1920 Heultco, (fben Boyes or Ebeneaer, Boston, M&ss.) (Brother of la. Moulton 4th, 3,1772) teultoo, Idward, Bewburyport, toss. (Brother cf ^m, Houltoa Sth, and son of Joseph Srd, with whom he was associated In buslaess.) ItoltoB, fiaoeh, Portland, lie. (Brother of Kb. Moulton 4th, B. 1772) teoltoa, I. S. faraltoa, Joseph 1st, Bewboryport, Mast. (Son of William Eod) 'loaltoo, Joseph End, Bewbuiyport, Mass. ;: (Son of William Srd) loultcn, Joseph Srd, Bewbuzyport, M&us. (Soa of William 4th) |Milto», Willie* 1st b. 1617, (ftttltoa, William &b&, Bewbaryport, BSsss. &oa of William 1st) fcwltQB, William Srd, Bewbuiyport, Mass. Marietta, Ohio (Son of Joseph 1st) teulton, Willies 4th, Bewburyport, Mass. (Son of Joseph Bud) towltoa, Willie© Sth, Bewburyport, M&ss. e. 16S8, b.- 1768-18241848-19G7 B. 1780 C. 1780 1C S4-1756 G. 1744-1816 1814-1205 d. 1664 1664-17SE 1720-1795 1772-1861 -1851 (Soa of Joseph Srdj of firm of Moulton & I*unt) SILVERSMITHS AND THFTP a/tapt?q SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Moseley, David Boston, Mass. 1753-1812 |T\|yf y J Italics with shaded Roman initials ^ ^-J in rectangle [DIVI Shaded Roman capitals in rectangle Moss, Isaac Nichols Derby, Conn. 1 760-1 840 Mott, John New York, N. Y. w. 1789 (J.NTOT TJ) Roman capitals in oval Mott, John & Wm. New York, N. Y. w. 1789 Moulinar, John New York, N. Y. f. 1744 [1,^/f I Roman capitals with or without lINTl pellet in redtangle Moulton, Abel Newburyport, Mass. b. 1784 (Brother of Wm. Moulton 4th, b. in 1772) lA-MOULTONj Shaded Roman capitals in redlangle Moulton, Ebenezer Boston, Mass. b. 1768, D. 1796 (Brother of Wm. Moulton 4th, b. 1772) Moulton, Edward Newburyport, Mass. 1 846-1 907 (Brother of Wm. Moulton 3th, and son of Joseph 3d, with whom he was associated in business) His name does not appear on silver Moulton, Enoch Portland, Me. b. 1780 (Brother of Wm. Moulton 4th, b. 1772) E. MOULTON Capitals in serrated redlangle Moulton, E. S. c. 1780 (Ol^uLTrONl Roma" capi,tals in serrated 4 ' rectangle [83] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Moulton, Joseph, ist Newburyport, Mass. 1680-1756 TTGCPf? Roman capitals, pellet between, *-— * in scalloped redtangle Moulton, Joseph, 2d Newburyport, Mass. c. 1740-1818 I f •MOU LTO N | Roman capitals in redtangle Q?Jtf) Script capitals in oval Small, script capitals, cross between, in redtangle II Ml Capitals in redtangle Moulton, Joseph, 3D Newburyport, Mass. 1814-1903 (J-MOULTOK.) Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle j.moulton Very small> sightly shaded Roman capitals incised Moulton, William, ist b. 1602, e. 1638 (Probably a silversmith as all his descendants were) Moulton, William, 2D Newburyport, Mass. b. 1640 (Son of William ist) Moulton, William, 3D Newburyport, Mass. b. 1710 (Son of Joseph ist, b. 1680) Moulton, William, 4TH Newburyport, Mass. 1720-1793 Marietta, 0. (Brother of Joseph 2d and son of William 3d) Moulton, William, 5TH Newburyport, Mass. 1772-1861 (Son of Joseph 2d) tW.MOULTONi Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle IMOULTQNI Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle MOULTON Shaded Roman capitals incised Moulton, William, 6th Newburyport, Mass. b. 1851 (Son of Joseph 3d; of firm of Moulton iff Lunt) [84] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Moulton & Bradbury Newburyport, Mass. c. 1830 Small shaded Roman capitals in rec- IMOULTONl (B) tangle with B in square and two pseudo hall-marks Moulton & Lunt Newburyport late XIX Century (Wm. Moulton 6th) Mulford & Wendell Albany, N. Y. w. 1842 Mumford, Henry G. Providence, R. L w. 181 3 (Partner of Jabez Gorham) Munroe, C. A. Munroe, D. [d. munroe] Capitals in serrated redtangle Munroe, John Barnstable, Mass. 1 784-1 879 f-rrrryrj^r^ Small shaded Roman capitals in serrated redtangle Munson, Amos New Haven, Conn. 1753— 1785 Munson, Cornelius Wallingford, Conn. b. 1742 Murray, John New York, N. Y. w. 1776 Musgrave & James Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797-1811 \MiiSgrave\ Small Italics in shaped redtangle Myer (or Meyer), Gottlieb Norfolk, Va. Myers, John Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 2,-^ 1 Shaded Roman capitals, initials larger, ¦MYERS J in re6langle Myers, Myer New York, N. Y. f. 1746 w. 1790 M'U€T'S Shaded Italics in redtangle (IM/I/C^f) Shaded script in cartouche [85] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS &U*stl) Small shaded script capitals in oval uMWJ Small crude monogram in cartouche Mygatt, Comfort Starr Danbury, Conn. 1 763-1 823 (Son of Eli, brother of David) Mygatt, David Danbury, Conn. 1 777-1 822 (Son of Eli, brother and partner of C. S.) "i^TXr^^T^rry^F^ri Thin crude slightly shaded letters in D-MTOATT r, 1 • 1 r ¦ — ~~~~~~~i redtangle with very fine serrations Mygatt, Eli Danbury, Conn. 1 742-1 807 (Father of D. and C. S., partner of D. N . Carrington and W. Taylor, 1793) N Neuill (or Nevill), Richard Boston, Mass. n. a. f. 1674 Newbury, Edwin Cl Mansfield, Conn. w. 1828 Brooklyn, Conn. Newhall, Dudley Salem, Mass. c. 1730 Newkirke, Joseph New York, N. Y. w. 1716 (T*N) Roman capitals, pellet between, in oval Newman, Timothy H. Groton, Mass. 1778-18 12 [JVyrwna/n) Fine script in redtangle Nichols Albany, N. Y. (?) c. 1840 [mark] Name incised with pseudo hall-marks Nichols, Bassett Providence, R. I. c. 1815 Nichols, William S. Newport, R. I. 1785-1871 [nichols] (?) In long odtagon Nickerson, Baty Harwich, Mass. c. 1825 [86] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Norcross, Nehemiah Boston, Mass. 1 765-1 804 [n n] (?) Capitals in cartouche Norman, John Norris, George North, W. B. North, W. B. & Co. [mark] Northee, David I. IP-I-NORTHEEI Philadelphia, Pa. Boston, Mass. 1748-18 17 [IS Northey, Abijah AN] (?) Philadelphia, Pa. b. 1752, w. 1775 New Britain, Conn. w. 1831 c. 1820 Firm name in capitals in redtangle Salem, Mass. d. 1778 Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Shaded crude capitals in redtangle Salem, Mass. d. 18 17 Crude capitals in redtangle Norton, Andrew Norton, Benjamin Norton, C. Norton, Samuel Goshen, Conn. Boston, Mass. Hingham, Mass. (Apprentice of L. Bailey) Norton, Thomas Farmington, Conn. Albion, N. Y. Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle 1765-1838 w. 1810 after 1800 c. 1790 1773-1834 TN Noxon INOXONI Noyes, John Roman capitals in redtangle Boston, Mass. Crude capitals, ecclesiastical cross below in shield Roman capitals in oval [87] 1 674-1 749 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Noyes, Samuel Norwich, Conn. 1747-1781 Nuttall, Joseph Maryland b. 1738, w. 1774 o Oakes, Frederick Hartford, Conn. D. 1825 (See Oakes iff Spencer) tf^AI^TT'^ Shaded Roman capitals in partly serrated oval Oakes & Spencer Hartford, Conn. w. 1814 (See Jas. Spencer) Capitals in redtangle with pseudo hall marks ovs Ogier, John Baltimore, Md. w. 1799 Oliver, Andrew Boston, Mass. b. c. 1722 1A-OUVER) Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Oliver, Peter Boston, Mass. 1682-1712 Large Roman capitals in heart Olivier, Peter Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 Olmstead, Nathaniel New Haven, Conn. 1785-1860 Farmington, Conn. (Of N. Olmstead iff Sons, 1847) Onclebagh, Garrett New York, N. Y. f. 1698 />» /v* Crude capitals in trefoil Onderdonk, N. & D. New York, N. Y. (?) [n &.d o] In capitals [88] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS O'Neil, Charles New Haven, Conn. w. 1823 (With Merriman iff Bradley) Osgood, John Haverhill, Mass. w. 1795-1817 New Hampshire lJ:QSGOQD| Capitals in redtangle Otis, Jonathan Newport, R. I. 1723-1791 Middletown, Conn. (S.Qtbi) Large ^"Pt in flat oval (Otis) Small crude letters in flat oval OTIS| Large crude capitals in redtangle n capitals, pellet between, Q.Q) Roma in oval Overin, Richard Owen, J. New York, N. Y. P f. 1702 Paddy, Samuel Boston, Mass. b. 1659 Palmer & Batchelder after 1800 Pangborn & Brinsmaid Burlington, Vt. c 1833 P^B Incised Parisien, David New York, N. Y. w. (Son of Otto) 1789-1817 Parisien, Otto New York, N. Y. f. 1769 F P 'arisien, 0. & Son New York, N. Y. w. (See David Parisien) lan capitals in redtangle Salem, Mass. Philadelphia, Pa. [89] 1789-1817 IOPDP Ron arker, Charles H. 1 793-1819 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Parker, Caleb Boston, Mass. 173 i-c. 1770 Parker, Daniel Boston, Mass. 1726-1785 (See Allen, J. iff Edwards, J.) CD:PARKER) Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle (ra> Shaded Roman capitals, colon between, in redtangle Parker, George Baltimore, Md. w. 1804 Parker, Isaac Deerfield, Mass. w. Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle 1780 II- PARKER | Parker, William Newport, R. I. w. 1777 Parkman, John Boston, Mass. 17 16- -1748 Parmele, James Durham, Conn. 17^>'i~ -1828 Parmele, Samuel Guilford, Conn. l737~ -1807 IS-pa/rrrieiei Vertical script in shaped redtangle (IE Small Roman capitals in redtangle (SP) Small Roman capitals in oval Vertical script in redtangle iS-Pa/rmelcl Parrott, T. c. 1760 (^^Rgrf) Italic capitals in cartouche Parry, Martin Kittery, Me. 1756- Portsmouth, N. H. Small Roman capitals in redtangle -1802 IPABRY] Parsons c. Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle 175° IPAJWONSJ Paton, A. Boston, Mass. w. [90] 1850 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Pattit, Thomas New York, N. Y. w. 1796 (See Thomas Petit) Peabody, John Enfield, Conn. w. 1779 1 J.PEABODY Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Peale, Charles Wilson Philadelphia, Pa. 1 741-1827 (The artist) Pear, Edward Boston, Mass. w. 1833 (FpI Roman capitals in cartouche Pear & Bacall Boston, Mass. w. 1850 Pearce, Samuel New York, N. Y. w. 1783 Pearson, John New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Peck, B. Conne client (?) Roman capitals in redtangle c. 1820 [B-PECKI Peck, Timothy Peirce Tin Middletown, Conn. Litchfield, Conn. Boston, Mass. y shaded Roman capitals 1765 c. 181 in reel -1818 0 (?) [PEIRCEl angle Pelletrau, W. S. [w. s. pelletrau] Capitals in redtangle Pelletreau, Elias New York, N. Y. f. 1736-1810 [TTP] Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Pepper, H. J. Philadelphia, Pa. c. 1800 IH.I.PEPPER1 Roman capitals in redtangle 1H.J.PEPPER1 Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Perkins, Houghton Boston, Mass. i735_I778 Taunton, Mass. (Son of Isaac) [91] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Perkins, Isaac Charlestown, Mass. c. 1707-1737 Charlestown, Mass. Boston, Mass. Perkins, Jacob Newburyport, Mass. 1 766-1 849 Philadelphia, Pa. (Partner of Gideon Fairman in N ewburyport, partner of Murray Draper Fairman iff Co., Philadelphia) Perkins, Joseph, South Kingston, R. I. b. 1749 Perraux, Peter Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 [p r] Capitals in redtangle Perry, Thomas Westerly, R. I. Peterson, Henry Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1783 [h. p.] (?) Petit, Thomas Phelps, Jedediah Phillips, Samuel Capitals in a square with pseudo hall-marks New York, N. Y. w. 1796 (See Thomas Pattit) Great Barrington, Mass. w. 1781 1658-c. 1722 1825 Salen%, Mass. Boston, Mass. \SYt\ (?) Crude capitals in redtangle Phinney & Mead IPsM.1 Shaded capitals in redtangle Pierce, John Boston, Mass. c. 18 10 Pierpont, Benjamin Roxbury, Mass. 1730-1797 Crude capitals in cartouche Small shaded Roman capitals, pellet between, in redtangle Capitals in cartouche Roman capitals in oval [92] (PIOOgNT) SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Pinchin, William Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1784 Pinto, Joseph New York, N. Y. w. 1758 Pitkin, Henry Hartford, Conn. b. 1811 Pitkin, Horace E. Hartford, Conn. b. 1832 Pitkin, Job Q. Hartford, Conn. w. 1780 Pitkin, John 0. Hartford, Conn. 1803- -1891 Pitkin, J. 0. & W. Philadelphia, Pa. Q. o. & w. pitkin] Capitals in redtangle w. 1811- -1831 Pitkin, Walter Hartford, Conn. (Brother of J. 0.) 1808- -1885 Pitkin, William L Hartford, Conn. b. 1830 Pitkins, James F. Hartford, Conn. b. 1812 Pitman, B. [b. pitman] In capitals c. 1810 Pitman, John K. Providence, R. I. w. 1805 Pitman, I. Maryland (?) c. 1785 {dff>it£man) Script in cartouche Pitman, Saunders Providence, R. I. [PLtrnam,] Script letters in redtangle PIT MAN | Capitals in serrated redtangle 1 73 2-1 804 Pitman, William R. New Bedford, Mass. c. 1835 Pitman & Dorrance Providence, R. I. w. 1795 Pitts, Abner Berkeley, Mass. Pitts, Albert Berkeley, Mass. Pitts, Richard Philadelphia, Pa. in oval [93] w. 1 741 (Pitts) Script SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Poincignon, Francis Philadelphia, Pa. Poissonnier, F. Philadelphia, Pa. Polgrain, Quom Philadelphia, Pa. Polhamus, J. New York, N. Y. Pollard, William Boston, Mass. (W*P) Roman capitals in flat oval Poncet, Lewis Baltimore, Md. Pons, Thomas Boston, Mass. w. 1796 w. 1797 w. 1797 w. 1839 I 690- I 746 w. 1804 1757-c. 1817 JpQiVjS. Large Italic capitals in redtangle fPONS| Small Roman capitals in redtangle PONS Large capitals in engrailed redtangle Pontran, Abraham New York, N. Y. w. 1727 , Shaded Roman capitals, emblem below j^y in heart Poole, Henry Maryland b. 1754, w. 1775 Poor, Nathaniel C. Boston, Mass. 1 808-1 895 Porter, J. S. [1. s. porter] Capitals Porter, M. S. c. 1830 [m. s. porter] In shaped oval Porter, H. & Co. Boston, Mass. c 1830 [mark] Firm name in capitals in redtangle Post, J. before 1800 Post, Samuel Norwich, Conn. b. 1736, w. 1783 New London, Conn. Potter, Niles Westerly, R. I. [94] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Potwine, John Boston, Mass. 1698-1792 (See Potwine iff Whiting) (I:PottVVnjCj Large script in cartouche Crude capitals, hyphen between in redtangle Shaded Roman capitals, crowned in shaped shield w Crude capitals, pellet between, small shield in Potwine & Whiting Hartford, Conn. (Probably John Potwine) w. 1735 Poupard, James Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1772-1814 Pratt, Nathan Essex, Conn. Shaded Roman capitals in r. Essex, Conn. redt 1 772-1 842 N.PRATT ) angle Pratt, Nathan, J b. 1802 Pratt, Phineas Lyme, Conn. 1 747-181 3 Pratt, Seth Lyme, Conn. 1741-1802 Price, Benjamin Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1767 Price, John Lancaster, Pa. w. 1764 Prie, P. c. 1780 fPFUE] Shaded Roman capitals in cartouche Prince, Job Hull, Mass. Boston, Mass. Milford, Conn. 1680-1703 Pursell, Henry New York, N. Y. [95] w. 1775 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Putnam, Edward Salem, Mass. c. 1810 rp p| /?^ Crude capitals, pellet between, in £^J (-} redangle Putnam & Low Boston, Mass. D. 1822 (Edw. Putnam and J. J. Low) Q. Quincy, Daniel Braintree, Mass. 1651- -1690 Quintard, Peter New York, N. Y. Norwalk, Conn. 1699- -1762 (pa) Crude capitals in square IPT] Crude capitals in square R Rand, Joseph Medford, Mass. 1762- -1836 Rasch, Anthony ¦1) Philadelphia, Pa. Capitals in redtangle w. 1815 (ANTY RASCt Rasch, A. & Co. [mark] Philadelphia, Pa. c. Firm name and city in capitals in redta 1815 ngles Rasch & Willig Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1819 Raworth, E. [e. raworth] Cap itals in redtangle c. 1783 Raymond, John Boston, Mass. d. 1775 Reed, Isaac Stamford, Conn. b. 1746 Reed, Osmon Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1843 Reed & Slater Nashua, N. H. Reeder, Abner Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 [96] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Reeve, G. c. 1825 (G ¦•REEVE I Shaded Roman capitals in scalloped redtangle with pseudo hall-marks Reeves, Enos Charleston, S. C. d. 1807 IREEVES! Roman capitals in redtangle Reeves, Stephen Remier, P. de Burlington, N. J. New York, N. Y. (See De Remier) w. 1 767-1 776 Revere, Edward Boston, Mass. 1 767-1 845 Revere, J. W. Boston, Mass. D. 1798 Revere, Paul, Sr., (Appolos Rivoire) Boston, Mass, PR 1702-1754 Roman capitals in crowned shield PRCVCre) Italics in redtangle Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Boston, Mass. 1735-1818 (The patriot) Shaded Roman capitals, pellet before, in redtangle Same as above, but with better made letters Shaded Roman capitals, no pellet, but with the V connedted to adjoining letters as well as the first R to the E Same as last but with better made letters and final letters connedted Small crude capitals in redtangle Capitals incised Script capitals in redtangle [97] IBREVEREI Revere, Paul IREVERE1 [REVERE] [REVERE! (REVERE (H) PR Revere, Thomas 1765-1817 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Revere, Paul, 3D Boston, Mass. 1760-18 13 Boston, Mass. Crude capitals in redtangle Boston, Mass. Boston, Mass. Philadelphia, Pa. TR] Revere & Son Reynolds, S. R. Reynolds, Thomas Rice D. 1796 after 1800 w. 1786 c. 1780 Rice, Joseph T. [Joseph T. Rice] [Albany] Rich, Joseph Rich, Obadiah O.RICH £r BOSTON -fr Richard, S. [s. richard] [ri chard] Richards, Samuel Small script in flat oval Albany, N. Y. Roman letters w. 1813 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1790 Boston, Mass. w. 1835 Large shaded Roman capitals incised w. 1828 New York, N. Y. Capitals in redtangle Capital in redtangle D. 1796 Philadelphia, Pa. Capitals in redtangle Script in shaped redtangle after 1800 Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Richards & Williamson Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 Richardson, Francis Philadelphia, Pa. f. 1718 [98] [S.RICHARDSI Richards, T. T.RICHARDS SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Richardson, Joseph Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1730, d. 1770 (}R) Capitals in oval [IR] Capitals in redtangle [jpl Capitals in square (JJR) Capitals in square or in oval Richardson, Joseph Philadelphia, Pa. New York, N. Y. Providence, R. I. Boston, Mass. Richardson, Thomas Richmond, G. & A. Ridgway, James Ridgway, John Groton, Mass. Boston, Mass. [JfRIDGWAYI Roman capitals in redtangle Ridgway, John, Jr. Boston, Mass. Ridout, George London, England New York, N. Y. Capitals in a square Philadelphia, Pa. Small unshaded Italics in cartouche w. 1801 w. 1796 w. 1769 c. 1815 D. 1789 D. 1793 1 780-1 85 1 1813- -1869 f. 1745 CR RlGGS d. 1819 Riker, P. [p. riker] Riker & Alexander Ritter, Michael New York, N. Y. Roman capitals New York, N. Y. New York, N. Y. Roath, Roswell Walston Norwich, Conn. Robbs New York, N. Y. Robert, Christopher New York, N. Y. w. 1798 w. 1786 b. 1805 w. 1788 f. 173 1 (CR) (?) \ >** p v- y Capitals in circle [99] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Roberts, Frederick Boston, Mass. w. 1770 Roberts, Michael New York, N. Y. w. 1786 Roberts, S. & E. c. 1830 Roberts, Thomas Philadelphia, Pa. b. 1744, w. 1774 Robinson, E. c. 1780 J^RQBiNSON] Capitals in serrated redtangle Robinson & Harwood Philadelphia, Pa. w. 18 19 Rockwell Bridgeport, Conn. (?) c. 1839 IROCKWELLI Capitals in redtangle Rockwell, Thomas Norwalk, Conn. d. 1795 Roe, W. Kingston, N. Y. w. 1803 iwTTkfXfr) Shaded Roman capitals in redtlangle fW-ROLj wkh indented ends Rogers, Augustus Boston, Mass. w. 1840 Rogers, Daniel Newport, R. I. 1753-1792 [P'ROGERS ) Roman capitals in redtangle [JJjn Crude capitals in redtangle Rogers, Joseph Newport, R. I. d. 1825 Hartford, Conn. \\ R) (Brother of Daniel, partner of J. Tanner) Capitals in redtangle JR Capitals in square Rogers, William Hartford, Conn. w. 1825 |WM ROGERS | Capitals in redtangle Rogers & Wendt Boston, Mass. w. 1850 Rollinson, William New York, N. Y. I 762-1 842 [100] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Romney, John New York, N. Y. f. 1770 Roosevelt, Nicholas New York, N. Y. f. 1735, w. 1763 /v, y\ Roman block capitals; N, pellet, R. V. ^- — -— ' in monogram in oval vfl] Roman block capitals in monogram in wedge Roshore, John New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Rouse, Michael Boston, Mass. b. 1687, w. 171 1 Rouse, William Boston, Mass. 1639-1704 Shaded Roman capitals, pellet between and below, two above with star in shaped shield Crude capitals, fleur-de-lys above and below in circle Royalston, John Boston, Mass. w. 1723 \ JR./ (?) Roman capitals crowned in shaped shield |1 Rj (?) Roman capitals in redtangle Rule Massachusetts (?) c. 1780 Very crude letters in redtangle with upper and lower sides scalloped Russel, John H. New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Russell, Daniel Newport, R. I. c. 1750 IDR] Roman capitals in a bell Russell, Eleazer Boston, Mass. 1663-1691 (Uncle of Moody Russell) Russell, George Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1831 [101] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Russell, Jonathan Ashford, Conn. b. 1770, w. 1804 Russell, Moody Barnstable, Mass. 1694-1761 J fjg] Small Roman capitals in redtangle Large Roman capitals in shaped shield Ryerson, L. c. 1800 \£-!R^&7Hcnh\ Script in cartouche s Sacheverell, John Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1732 Sackett & Willard Providence, R. I. c. 1815 Sadd, Hervey New Hartford, Conn. 1 776-1 840 [H.SADD Roman capitals in redtangle Sadtler, Philip Baltimore, Md. w. 1824 P. Sad tier I Roman letters in redtangle Saint Martin, Anthony Philadelphia, Pa. Salisbury, H. [h. Salisbury] Capitals in redtangle Salisbury & Co. New York, N . Y. [mark] Name in redtangle Sanborn, A. Lowell, Mass. [mark] Name in scroll with city in redtangle Sanderson, Benjamin Boston, Mass. 1649-1678 (Son of Robert Sanderson) KN Large crude capitals in redtangle w. 1796 c. 1830 c. 1835 w. 1850 Sanderson, Joseph 1642-1667 [102] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Sanderson, Robert Boston, Mass. 1608-1693 (See Hull iff Sanderson) Crude capitals, rose above in outline Crude capitals, sun above in outline Crude capitals, sun in splendor above Sanderson, Robert, Jr. Watertown, Mass. 1652-1714 Sanford, F. S. Nantucket, Mass. w. 1830 Sanford, Isaac Hartford, Conn. w. 1793 (Of Beach & Sanford) Sardo, Michael Baltimore, Md. w. 1817 Sargeant, E. Mansfield, Conn. 1761-1843 Hartford, Conn. [e. sargeant] Capitals in redtangles [hartford] Sargeant, Ensign Boston, Mass. w. 1823 Sargeant, Jacob Mansfield, Conn. 1761-1843 Hartford, Conn. (At one time worked with Joseph Church) Q. sargeant] Capitals in redtangles [hartford] Sargeant, T. Connecticut c. 18 10 [t. sargeant] Capitals in redtangle Savage, Edward Philadelphia, Pa. 1 761-18 17 New York, N. Y. [103] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Savage, Thomas Boston, Mass. 1664-1749 Crude capitals, star below, in heart Boston, Mass. w. 1823 Small crude letters in flat oval Sawin, Silas m Sawyer, H. L. iH.L.SAWYER] Sayre, Joel II-SAYREl New York, N. Y. (Of Coe iff Upton) c. 1840 Roman capitals in redtangle Southampton, L. I. 1 778-1 818 New York, N. Y. Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle |c5Cc/<2^7^6[ Shaded script in shaped redtangle Schaats, Bartholomew New York, N. Y. 1670-1758 V3> SCHANCK, J. (JSCHANCK) ISCHANCK1 Scofield, Solomon Scott, John B. [mark] Seal, William Seely [mark] Small crude capitals, fleur-de-lys below in heart New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Small shaded Roman capitals in redtangle with spread eagle and false date letter Small shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Albany, N. Y. w. 1815 c. 1850 Name incised with pseudo hall-marks Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1819 late Name incised with pseudo hall-marks [104] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Sexnine, Simon ssl (?) New York, N. Y. Crude capitals in square w. 1722 Sharp, W. & G. Shaw, John A. [•AS] SheetsShepherd, Robert SHEPHERD Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1850 Newport, R. I. w. 1802 Crude capitals in scalloped redtangle Henrico, Va. w. 1697 Albany, N. Y. c. 1800 Unshaded Roman capitals incised Shepherd & Boyd [SHEPHERD ft BOYD | fSJB] Shepper, John D. Sherman, James Shethar, Samuel Albany, N.Y. w. 18 10 Roman capitals in redtangle Roman capitals in redtangle Philadelphia, Pa. w. 18 19 Boston, Mass. c. 1770 Litchfield, Conn. w. 1 801-1806 New Haven, Conn. (Shethar iff Thomson [Isaac], Shethar iff Gorham [Richard]) Shields, Thomas Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1765 y S] (?) Roman capitals in redtangle Shipman, Nathaniel Norwich, Conn. 1764-1853 [JsJS[ Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Shoemaker, Joseph Philadelphia, Pa. []. shoemaker] Roman capitals Shreve, Benjamin Salem, Mass. Shropshire, Robt. Boston, Mass. Maryland [105] w. 1796 1813-1896 1748, w. 1774 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Sibley, Clark New Haven, Conn. , 1778-1808 Sibley & Marble New Haven, Conn. w. 1801-1806 (See Clark Sibley and Simeon Marble) Silliman, Hezekiah New Haven, Conn. b. 1738 (Of Cutler, Silliman, Ward iff Co., 1767) Simes, William Portsmouth, N. H. 1773-1824 (Apprentice of Martin Parry) f, - «•.¦>¦> jri—orO Large shaded Roman capitals in [WvSiMffsl gredangie fvW Shaded Roman capitals, pellet between in redtangle Simmonds, Andrew Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 Simmons, Anthony Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 Roman capitals, pellet between and after, in oval Ia^tMMDXT^ I Small shaded Roman capitals in ^ ' redtangle Simmons, J. Philadelphia, Pa. c. 1810 \j.SLrrrvmcrru\ Script in redtangle Simmons, J. & A. Philadelphia, Pa. c. 18 10 (J. iff Anthony) [J.^Avf?] Roman capitals in redtangle Simmons, S. Philadelphia, Pa. c. 1797 (See Alexander iff Simmons) [s. simmons] Capitals Simpkins, Thomas Barton Boston, Mass. 1728-1804 [T. B. Simpkins] Roman letters [106] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Simpkins, William Boston, Mass. 1 704-1 780 (W^fMPKWS) Crude capitals in cartouche ( w- 1774 Smith, James New York, N. Y. w. 1797 Smith, John & Thomas Baltimore, Md. w. [107] 1817 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Smith, Joseph U.SMITH] QED (?) Smith, William Smither, James Snow, J. [J-.SNQW1 Somerby, Robert Soumaine, Samuel ED (?) Soumaine, Simeon SS Spencer, George Spencer, James Squire & Bros. Stacy, P. IP. STACY] Stall, Joseph Staniford, John Boston,. Mass. d. 1789 Large shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Roman capitals, pellet between, in redtangle New York, N. Y. w. 1770 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1768-1777 New York, N.Y. c. 1770 Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Boston, Mass. 1794-1821 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1765 Small Roman capitals in redtangle (This mark is smaller than the one attributed to Simeon Soumaine) New York, N.Y. w. 1719 Large thin crude capitals in square Large thin crude capitals in circle Essex, Conn. 1 787-1 878 Hartford, Conn. w. 1793 New York, N. Y. w. 1846 Boston, Mass. w. 1819 Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Baltimore, Md. w. 1804 Windham, Conn. w. 1790 [108] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Stanton, Daniel Stonington, Conn. 1755-1781 ID. Stanton! Roman letters in redtangle Stanton, Enoch Stonington, Conn. 1745-1781 Stanton, William w. 1802 Stanton, Zebulon Stonington, Conn. 1753-1828 ED Rom an capitals in redtangle with emblem Stanwood, Henry B, Boston, Mass. 1 818-1869 Stanwood, James D. Boston, Mass. w. 1846 Stanwood & Halstrick Boston, Mass. c. 1850 Staples, John J., Jr. New York, N. Y. w. 1788 Starr, Jasper New London, Conn. 1709-1792 Starr, R. Roman capitals in redtangle c. 1800 IR-STARRI Stebbins, E. & Co. New York, N. Y. w. 1841 IE.STEBBINSVCO] Capitals in redtangle Stenson, W. S. Stephens, George New York, N. Y. w. 1790 Shaded Roman capitals in serrated end cartouche |G.Sj Stevens & Lakeman Salem, Mass. [STEVENS VLAKEMAK) w. 1825 Small shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Stickney, Jonathan Newburyport, Mass. w. 1770 [I'StICKNEYJ Shaded crude capitals in redtangle sometimes flanked by lions passant in redtangles [109] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Stiles, Benjamin Woodbury, Conn. c. 1825 (Of Curtiss Candee iff Stiles, see Daniel Curtiss) Stillman, Barton Westerly, R. I. 1767— 1858 Stillman, E. Stonington (?), Conn. c. 1 800-1 820 lE.Stillmon) Roman letters in redtangle Stillman, Paul Westerly, R. I. Stillman, William Hopkinton, R. I. 1767-1858 Stockerman & Pepper Philadelphia, Pa. c. 1840 [mark] Firm name in oval Stodder & Frobisher Boston, Mass. w. 18 17 [mark] Firm name in thin shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Stone, Adam Baltimore, Md. w. 1804 Stone & Osburn New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Storrs, N. Utica, N. Y. (?) c. 1800 Large shaded Roman in redtangle capita ds IN. STORRS 1 Storrs & Cooley Utica, N. Y. w. 1832 Stout, J. D. [j. d. stout] In serrated redtangle c. 1850 Stoutenburgh, Tobias New York, N. Y. f. 173 1 [t. s.] Capitals in redtangle Stowell, A., Jr. Charlestown, Mass. [mark] Name in capitals in redtangle, place in small letters in long oval Strong, John Maryland b. 1749, w. 1774 [no] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Stuart, I. (or J.) c. 1700 ttlSttiArt]* Crude letters in redtangle, flanked by suns incised Crude shaded capitals in redtangle Studley, D. F. c. 1830 Very small shaded Roman capitals in redtangle ID. F. STVJ D L EY.l Sutherland, George Boston, Mass. w. 1810 Sutton, Robert New Haven, Conn. D. 1825 Swan, B. Capitals in redtangle c. 1825 IB.SWANI Swan, Caleb Charlestown, Mass. Boston, Mass. 1754- -1816 Swan, Robert Worcester, Mass. Capitals in redtangle w. 1775 IRSWANI Swan, William Worcester, Mass. 1715- -1774 Crude capitals in cartouche ($Tvan) Script in cartouche @) (?) Block capitals in cartouche Symmes, John Boston, Mass. w. 1766 Syng, Philip Philadelphia, Pa. 1676- -1739 PS Roman capitals in redtangle Syng, Philip Philadelphia, Pa. [in] 1703- -1789 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Tanguey, I. Tanner, John Tarbell, E. [mark] T Newport, R. I. (Partner of Jos. Rogers) c. 1825 1713-1785 Name in capitals in redtangle c. 1830 Targee, John & Peter New York, N. Y. D. 1798 Roman capitals in redtangle with pseudo hall marks IfePT] Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle UttP.TARGEEl Taylor, Najah Danbury, Conn. w. 1793 (Partner of E. Mygatt and D. N. Carrington) Taylor, William Taylor & Lawrie Templeman, John Ten Eyck, J. Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1772 Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1841 Carolina b. 1746, w. 1774 Albany, N. Y. c. 1725 Crude capitals in oval IT Ten Eyck, Keonraet o Terry, Geer Crude capital monogram in square f. 1716 Crude capital monogram in square 1775-1858 New York, N. Y. Albany, N. Y. G.TERRYI 1TEB.RYI Enfield, Conn. Worcester, Mass. Roman capitals in redtangle Roman capitals in redtangle [112] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Thaxter, Joseph Blake Hingham, Mass. 1791-1863 (The last silversmith in Hingham) Thibarult & Co. Philadelphia, Pa. Thomas, Walter New York, N. Y. Thomson, Isaac Litchfield, Conn. (See Shethar iff Thomson) Thomson, James New York, N. Y. Thomson, Peter Boston, Mass. Thomson, William New York, N. Y. w. 1797 f. 1769 c. 1800 w. 1839 w. 1817 w. 1830 W^^no-rruccrz) Script in shaped redtangle Tiebout, Cornelius New York, N. Y. 1770-1830 (Apprentice of John Burger) Tiley, James Hartford, Conn. 1740-1792 [ITT LEY ] Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle iTi ley] Shaded Roman letters in redtangle Tingley, Samuel New York, N. Y. w. 1767 Philadelphia, Pa. Tisdale, B. H. Newport, R. I. c. 1825 [mark] Name and place in capitals in redtangles Titcomb, Francis Newburyport, Mass. w. 181 3 IKTITCQMB) Small shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Tompkins, Edmund Waterbury, Conn. b. 1757, w. 1779 Toppan, Benj. Northampton, Mass. c. 1760 (Apprentice and son-in-law of Wm. Homes) Townsend, S. c. 1775 \Zow*vnd\ ^"P1 in Wangle [S.TOWNTSEND 1 Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle [H3l Towzell, John [J. Towzell] [I T] Tracy, Erastus Tracy, Gurdon SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS c. 1726-1785 Trezvant, Daniel Trott, George Trott, John Proctor Salem, Mass. Roman letters Roman capitals Norwich, Conn. (Brother of Gurdon) Norwich, Conn. New London, Conn. Charleston, S. C. 1768-17951 767-1 792 w. 1768 c. 1765 1 769-1 852 (J:P.TRQTT) iJPTlttSon) Trott, Jonathan Boston, Mass. New London, Conn. (Son of J.) Roman capitals in long oval Roman capitals in serrated redtangle Script capitals in oval Roman capitals in divided redtangle Boston, Mass. New London, Conn. 1730-1815 Roman capitals in cartouche [I .TROTT) Roman capitals in redtangle Trott, Jonathan, Jr. New London, Conn. 1771-1813 Capitals in redtangle Boston, Mass. c. 1701-1777 (LTI (?) Trott, Thomas (TjT] ®?(?) T-T Large Roman capitals in redtangle Small Roman capitals, crowned, in cartouche Roman capitals, pellet between, crowned, in redtangle [H4] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Trott & Brooks New London, Conn. (J. P. Trott) Trott & Cleveland New London, Conn. (J. P. Trott iff Wm. Cleveland) iTft'Cl Capitals in redtangle Truax, Henry R. Albany, N. Y. w. 1798 w. 1792 w. 1 81 5 Turner, James Boston, Mass. w. 1744, d. 1759 Philadelphia, Pa. (Well known as an engraver) (?) Roman capitals in shaped shield flT) (?) Roman capitals, small in redtangle Tuthill, Christopher Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1730 Tuttle, Bethuel New Haven, Conn. 1779-1813 (Of Merriman iff Tuttle, 18 02-1 8 06; M. Merriman iff Co., 1806-1813) Tuttle, William New Haven, Conn. 1 800-1 849 Suffield, Conn. Tyler, Andrew Boston, Mass. 1 692-1 741 (/TTj Roman capitals, fleur-de-lys below, in heart Jk-v~I Crude capitals, crowned, emblem below, '**-¦ ' in shaped shield ) A*r>( Gothic capitals, crowned, in shield with \*vy rounded base (A TYLER) Small Roman capitals, in long oval [AT] Roman capitals in redtangle [U5] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Tyler, David Boston, Mass. c. 1 760-1 804 [DT| Roman capitals in redtangle [DTj Roman capitals in book Tyler, George Boston, Mass. b. 1740, w. 1785 (Grandson of Andrew) GT) Roman capitals in redtangle u Ufford & Burdick New Haven, Conn. w. 18 14 (See W. S. Burdick) Underhill, Andrew New York, N. Y. w. 1788 [A'IjMDFRHII t 1 Small shaded Roman capitals in redtangle (@) Small shaded Roman capitals in oval Underhill, Thomas New York, N. Y. f. 1787 Shaded Roman capitals hyphen between, I* MJ in redtangle Underhill & Vernon New York, N. Y. w. 1786 (Thos. Underhill and John Vernon) « . ^ ~ -s Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle and in cartouche V Van Bergen, John Albany, N. Y. w. 1813 Van Beuren, P. New York, N. Y. w. 1790 Shaded Roman capitals in decorated oval [116] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Van Bi-uren, Wm. New York, N. Y. w. 1797 (WVB) Shaded Roman capitals in cartouche Vanderhaul Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1740 Van der Spiegel, Jacobus New York, N. Y. s~^ w. 1685, d. c. 1708 (l.yV) Crude capitals in trefoil Van der Spiegel, Johannes New York, N. Y. 1666-1716 (Brother of Jacobus) ¦—-—-•j Shaded Roman capitals in engrailed ' ' redtangle Van Dyke, Peter New York, N. Y. 1684-1750 PVX/J Roman capitals, pellets between, in oval P VD) Roman capitals, no pellets between, in oval I P-V»D [ Roman capitals, pellets between, in redtangle Qftfi) Shaded Roman capitals, pellet between, in trefoil Van Dyke, Richard New York, N. Y. w. 1750 (Son of Peter) RVD| Roman capitals in redtangle Van Ness & Waterman New York, N. Y. (?) \Wty W Capitals in redtangle Van Schaick, G. c. 1840 G V"jSc hatch j Italic letters in redtangle ~ ["7: D3A] SILVERSMITHS' AND THEIR MARKS Van Voorhis, Daniel Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1782-1787 New York, N. Y. Roman capitals, pellet between, in redtangle with an eagle in lozenge Roman capitals, pellets between, in redtangle, eagle in lozenge Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle with two eagles in lozenges Roman capitals, pellets between, in oval with similar eagles Roman capitals in lozenge, eagle in centre Van Voorhis & Cooly New York, N. Y. w. 1786 Van Voorhis & Son New York, N. Y. w. 1798 Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle ID.V.VJ I D.V. voorhis! :ixva> v.v.vs. Veazie, Joseph Veazie, Samuel & Jos. Vergereau, Peter Vernon, Daniel Vernon, John © jjg)(?) Providence, R. I . Providence, R. I. New York, N. Y. Newport, R. I. c. 1815 c. 1820 f. 1721 b. 1716 w. 1789 New York, N. Y. Shaded Roman capitals in cartouche Shaded Roman capitals in oval with sheaf of wheat in redtangle Vernon, J. & Co. New York, N. Y. w. 1796 Vernon, Nathaniel Charleston, S. C. 1 777-1 843 Roman capitals in redtangle Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle [118] N.VERNON fNV SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Vernon, Samuel Newport, R. I. 1683-1737 \S\/ Roman capitals, fleur-de-lys below in heart N^/ (There are two sizes in this mark, one being quite small for use on little objects?) Vilant, William Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1725 Vvy Capitals, fleur-de-lys, below, in heart Vincent, Richard Baltimore, Md. w. 1799 Vinton, David Boston, Mass. w. 1792 Providence, R. I. r\xr\ ( p\ Roman capitals, pellet below, in — - — ' redtangle Virgin, W. M. c. 1830 [mark] Name in redtangle w Waite, John Kingston, R. I. 1 1 .WA I T E [ Capitals in redtangle [j. waite] Capitals in redtangle Waite, Jonathan Wickford, R. I. 1730-1822 Waite, W. c. 1770 [W:WA I T E] Roman capitals in redtangle Walcott, Henry D. Boston, Mass. 1797-1830 (Of Walcott iff Gelston) Walcott & Gelston Boston, Mass. w. 1824 Walker, George Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 [H9] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Walker, William Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 [w. walker] Capitals in redtangle Wallace, William F. Westerly, R. I. Walraven Baltimore, Md. [mark] Name in script Walsh [walsh] Capitals in redtangle Walworth, Daniel Middletown, Conn. Ward Philadelphia, Pa. (Partner of John Norman) Ward, Ambrose New Haven, Conn. (Of Cutler, Silliman, Ward iff Co.) Ward, Billious Guilford, Conn. w. 1796 c. 1780 1760-1830 w. 1774 1735- -1808 1729- -1777 BWJ Crude capitals in redtangle Crude capitals in oval, engrailed at one end Crude capitals in oval Ward, James Guilford, Conn. 1768-1856 (See Beach iff Ward and Ward iff Bartholomew) [j. ward] Capitals in redtangle b -, > Capitals incised [hartford] ) Ward, John Middletown, Conn. w. 1805 (Of Ward iff Hughes. See Edmund Hughes) Ward, John [Ward, 67 Market St.] Ward, Macock Ward, Richard Ward, Samuel L. Philadelphia, Pa. Roman letters w. 1811 Wallingford, Conn. b. 1705 Boston, Mass. c. 1815 Boston, Mass. w. 1834 [120] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Ward, Timothy Middletown, Conn. 1 742-1 768 Ward, William Wallingford, Conn. 1678-1767 Ward, William Guilford, Conn. 1705-1761 (Father of Billions and Son of William) W.WARD] Capitals in redtangle W.W.] Capitals in redtangle \W.Wcvrd\ Script in redtangle Ward, William Litchfield, Conn. 1736-1826 Ward & Bartholomew Hartford, Conn. w. 1 804-1 809 (Jas. Ward and Roswell Bartholomew) (WARD V BARTHOLOMEW] _ . . . n , , Capitals in rectangle IHARTFORDl r & , Capitals in redtangle I HARTFORD] F & WARD V BARTHOL OMEW. HARTFOR D Capitals in redtangle Ward, Bartholomew & Brainard Hartford, Conn. w. 1809 (See previous firm and Chas. Brainard) Ward & Cox Philadelphia, Pa. w. 181 1 Ward & Jones late Ward & Rich Boston, Mass. w. 1833 Wardin, Daniel Bridgeport, Conn. w. 181 1 Warner, Andrew E. Baltimore, Md. w. 181 1 |A E WARNER] Capitals in redtangle Warner, Andrew E., Jr. Baltimore, Md. w. 1837 [a. e. warner] Capitals in redtangle (Probably used his father's mark) Warner, A. E. & T. H. Baltimore, Md. w. 1805 [121] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Warner, Caleb Salem, Mass. 1784-1861 Roman letters in redtangle Roman letters in shaped redtangle ICWc mer] [Pure Si IverCoin] Warner, C. & J. 1CWJ.WA.RNER1 Warner, D. Capitals in redtangle Ipswich, Mass. (?) c. 1810 Small shaded Roman capitals in scalloped redtangle Warner, Joseph [J. Warner] Warner, S. Philadelphia, Pa. Roman letters in redtangle Baltimore, Md. SW| Capitals in redtangle Warner, Samuel Philadelphia, Pa. Warner, T. [t. warner] Capitals in redtangle with pseudo hall marks w. ion c. 1812 w. 1797 late Warner, Thomas H. Baltimore, Md. Waterman, George Albany, N. Y. Waters, Samuel Boston, Mass. IS -WATERS] Roman capitals in redtangle [S-W] Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle w. 1814 w. 1849 w. 1804 (?) Large shaded Roman capitals, pellet between, in oval Watson, Edward Boston, Mass. w. 1821, d. 1839 [e. watson] Capitals in redtangle [E. Watson] Letters in redtangle [122] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Watson & Brown Boston, Mass. (?) c. 1830 [mark] Firm name in capitals in redtangle Watts, J. & W. Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1841 Waynes, Richard c. 1750 jR^A^ Running capitals in cartouche, with | ,*k I golden fleece in redtangle Webb, Barnabas Boston, Mass. b. c. 1729, w. 1786 Thomaston, Me. lBW| (?) Small crude capitals, in redtangle Webb, George W. Baltimore, Md. w. 1850 Webb, James Baltimore, Md. w. 1817 Webster, H. L. Providence, R. I. w. 1831-1841 Boston, Mass. Wedge, Simon Baltimore, Md. w. 1804 We eden, Peleg North Kingston, R. I. c. 1803 Welsh, John Boston, Mass. 1730-1812 Welles, A. & G. Boston, Mass. c. 1810 [A. & G. Welles] Roman letters in redtangle [a. & g. w.] Roman capitals in redtangle Welles, Andrew Hebron, Conn. 1 783-1 860 Welles, George Hebron, Conn. 1784-1827 Boston, Mass. [WELLES] IBOSTON] Capitals in redtangle Welles & Co. Boston, Mass. c. 1800 [welles & co.] Roman capitals in redtangles Welles & Gelston [Welles & Gelston] Roman letters in redtangle [123] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Wells, Tain, & Hall after 1800 [L. T. Welles] [A. S. Tain] Roman letters [D. G. Hall] Wells, William Hartford, Conn. b. 1766, D. 1828 Wendover, John New York, N. Y. 1694-1727 rTvin^ Large crude capitals, pellet between, f^AvNr I in cartouche Wendt, J. R. & Co. Wenman, Barnard New York, N. Y. w. 1786 fi"WEKMAN) Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle West, B. Boston, Mass. als in redtangle w. 1770 IB.WESTl Capit West, Charles Boston, Mass. c. 1830 Westervell, J. L. Newburgh, N. Y. [j. l. w.] With pseudo hall-marks w. 1852 Westphal, C. Philadelphia, Pa. In cartouche w. 1800 |C.WESt"PHAL] Whartenby, John Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1831 Whartenby, Thomas Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1811 Whartenby, Thomas & Co. Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1850 Wheaton, Caleb Providence, R. I. 1784- -1827 Wheaton, Calvin Providence, R. I. Capitals in redtangle w. 1790 [cwheaton! Whetcroft, William Annapolis, Md. w. 1766 Whipple, Arnold Providence, R. I. [124] D. 1825 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Whitaker & Greene Providence, R. I. c. 1825 White, Amos Haddam Landing, Conn. 1745-1825 Meriden, Conn. White, E. before 1760 [e : white] Capitals in redtangle [e w] Capitals in redtangle White, Peregrine Woodstock, Conn. 1747-1834 [p. white] (?) Capitals in redtangle (This mark may be that of Peter) White, Peter White, Thomas Sturt Whiting, Charles Whitlock, Thomas Whitney, M. Norwalk, Conn. Boston, Mass. Norwich, Conn. New York, N. Y. New England (?) 171 8-1803 w. 1734 1725-1765 w. 1796 c. 1823 iM'WT-nTNiK'V) Small unshaded Roman capitals in redtangle Whiton, Ebed Boston, Mass. 1 802-1 879 Small Roman letters in redtangle and in scroll [E.Whiton.] Whittemore, Edward Boston, Mass. d. 1772 Whittemore, Wil liam Portsmouth, N. H. Italic letters in redtangle Vincennes, Ind. 1710- w. -1770 [Whittemore Whittlesey 1808 Wilcke [wilcke] Capitals in redtangle with hall-marks c. pseudo 1810 Willcox, Alvan Norwich, Conn. New Haven, Conn. (See Hart iff Willcox) [125] 1783- -1865 SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Willcox, Cyprian New Haven, Conn. i79S_l87S (Brother of Alvan) Williams, Andrew [andrew Williams] Capitals Williams, Deodat Hartford, Conn. w. 1775, d. 1781 Williams, Samuel Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 Williams, Stephen Providence, R. I. w. 1799 Williamson, Samuel Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1796 [WILLIAMSON) Sma11 Sh^ed ^°man Capkals in redtangle Willig, George Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1819 Willis, Stillman Boston, Mass. w. 1823 Wilmot, Samuel, Jr. New Haven, Conn. 1777-1846 (Of Wilmot iff Stillman) [wilmot] Capitals in serrated redtangle Wilmot & Stillman New Haven, Conn. w. 1800 (See Samuel Wilmot) Wilson, Albert Troy, N. Y. w. 1834 Wilson, George Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1819 Wilson, Hosea Baltimore, Md. w. 1817 [h. wilson] Roman capitals Wilson, R. & W. Philadelphia, Pa. Roman capitals in redtangle w. 1831 (RSj-WW) Wilson, Richard New York, N. Y. b. 1758 , w. 1774 Wilson, Robert Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1819 Wilson, S. N. Conne client c. 1800 [s. n. wilson] Capitals in redtangle [126] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Wilson, William Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1850 Wiltberger, Christian Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1793 [C.Wiit^'&ny^r] Script in irregular shape Winslow, Edward Boston, Mass. 1669-1753 JEW) Shaded Roman capitals, fleur-de-lys \v below, in shaped shield ]£\y Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle U^WJ Shaded Roman capitals in double circles Wise, W. M. Brooklyn, N. Y. c. 1800 Wishart, Hugh New York, N. Y. D. 1789 and 1816 | H.WISH ART") Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle Shaded Roman capitals in redtangle with Shaded Roman letters in redtangle and without pseudo hall-marks Withers, James Maryland b. 1753, w. 1774 Wolcott & Gelston Boston, Mass. (?) c. 1824 iWblcott frGelstonl Wood, Alfred New England (?) c. 1800 p~ 1 /?n Thin slightly shaded Roman capitals *»-'¦•>£ * in redtangle with fine serrations Wood, Benj. New York,N. Y. (?) w. 1794-1812 [b. wood] Capitals with pseudo hall-marks Wood, J. E. New York, N. Y. w. 1845 [127] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Wood & Hughes New York, N. Y. w. 1845 IWtfH] In redtangle with eagle and head In diamond with eagle and head Woodbury, Dix & Hartwell c. 1836 [mark] Firm name in small capitals in redtangle Woodcock, Bancroft Wilmington, Del. c. 1735-c. 1820 Woods, Freeman New York, N . Y. w. 1 790-1 793 fCO&CCdj Shaded script in cartouche Woodward, Antipas Middletown, Conn. b. 1763, w. 1791 Roman letters with decorative d's in t- _ ^v ^rv Roman letters [Woodward) redlangle [AW] Capitals in redtangle Woodward, Eli Hartford, Conn. w. 181 2 Woodward & Grosjean Boston, Mass. w. 1847 Wool, Jeremiah Ward New York, N. Y. f. 1791 Wriggins, Thomas Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1841 Wright, Alexander Maryland b. 1748, w- 1775 Wright, W. (WWr/^/> t) Semi-script letters in oval Wyatt, Joseph Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1797 Wyer, Eleazer Charlestow^t-, Mass. 1752-1800 Wyer, Eleazer, Jr. Portland, Me. 1 786-1 848 lE.WYER] Large capitals in redtangle JEjWYERj Capitals in serrated redtangle [128] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Wyer & Farley c jg^o [mark] Firm name in redtangle, flanked by eagle in oval Wynkoop, Benjamin New York, N. Y. (C^riAi DaP- 167c w. 1740 \fR*/' Crude capitals, pellet between, in heart CB W) Capitals in long oval Wynkoop, Cornelius New York, N. Y. b. 1701, f. 1727 (Son of Benjamin) Crude capitals in heart Y Yates, S. c. 1825 Th' n shaded Roman capitals in serrated redtangle f S.YATES \ " Yeomans, Elijah Hartford, Conn. 1 73 8-1 794 Yettons, Randal Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1739 Young, Ebenezer Hebron, Conn. w. 1778 Young, Levi Bridgeport, Conn. w. 1827 Young, William Philadelphia, Pa. w. 1761 z ^we. 5. [129] GLOSSARY GLOSSARY Alloy — A baser metal mixed with silver in various pro portions to give it the re quired degree of hardness for working and wear, pure copper being the usual in gredient. See Standard Sil ver: Coin: Sterling. Alm's Basin or Dish — For colledtion of alms in church. Early examples very ornate and varied in shape: later a plain basin or plate. American Makers' Marks. See Dies — Except occa sionally, circa 1800, when an eagle was used by a few, no national or city marks are known, though a city name has been added to his own by several makers. The earlier silversmiths used dies of ornamental shape and sometimes a distinctive sym bol : the later ones employed initials or names usually [133 in plain oblongs or ovals. Some makers had more than one mark and even used them on the same piece. Within the last twenty years much work has been done in identifying the marks and studying the lives of the men, but many puz zles remain. A list of known American silversmiths, of whom a large number worked before 1800, and re productions of the marks of many of them are given in this volume. The shape of the die is always to be noted. Besides the general outline of the marks, for which see Dies, the following are some of the devices used : crescent CD £3 yKSUULA-t -rmrwvv AVVVm 5-kTV-WVV SjULAJLAXT vWWw 17 18 19 ?o I-CAR.TOUCHE, 2.- DIAMOND. 3HEART 4-WNG OVAL. 5-CIRCLE.S- DOUBLE CIRCLET. 70VAL.8-0VAL1n-A,T.90CrAG0ff.lO-QUATR£: TO/L.Il-RECTANGLE.I2.-R.,SHAPED./3-R.,ENGRAILED. I4-R.,SCALL0PED. I57,J?.,SEII- RATED.IS-SC^OLL.I7-SHIELD.l8-5HAPED SHIELD- I2->SQUARE.2o-TREF011_-^~ shapes when used for marks are important and among them the ones above are noted. Dish — A deep vessel to hold food, with rim and (usually) cover, between a plate and a bowl. Two handles if any in same plane as the rim. centre to heat a dish set upon sliding rests provided with feet supporting the cross. Dish Ring — See Potato Ring. Dram Cup — A small shallow circular cup from two to three inches in diameter with one or two ear-shaped handles on side, used for taking a dram of medicine. Erroneously called wine- tasters of late. Drop — The slightly moulded point of union between the handle and the back of bowl in a spoon. Sometimes double. See Body Drop. [140] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS E Ecuella — A shallow bowl, round or oval, with two handles, for broth. The handles are often longitudi nal as in the American por ringer. Body of dish may be richly decorated and fluted, cover as well. Embossed — Decorated with figures or ornament in relief made by a die or tool upon a smooth surface. Engrailed — A border com posed of a series of semicir cular indents. The reverse of scalloped. See Dies. Epergne — An elaborate cen tre piece for table decora tion. The later designs included slender standards on a richly worked base with branches holding baskets and even sockets for candles, or perhaps a solid centre holding a fruit basket with smaller baskets around this superstructure. Escutcheon — An heraldic term used in silver to describe the ornamented place, often shield-shaped, where the owner's arms or initials are engraved. A plate surrounding a key hole. Ewer — A large pitcher, va rying in shape, holding water for rinsing the hands at meals. In use before forks; being handed about with a basin. imported into England to indicate its assay and ster ling quality. A modern usage. — A stamp occasionally Feet — In place of a solid placed upon foreign plate base an objedt will often be [HO SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS supported by three or four legs and the feet in which they terminate. Ball and Claw. A foot com posed of a ball grasped by an animal's or bird's claw. Ball. A foot in oval or round form. DUTCH MOOTED S 1-1 E i- U Dutch. A foot in form of a disc standing flat or raised slightly on a shoe. The usual leg being bandied. Hoofed. A foot carved to resemble a hoof. Shell. A terminal of a leg in ribbed shell form. Fine Silver — Pure silver. Finial — The decorative apex of an objedt. A small cast ornament to finish the lid or cap of an article; fre quently used in tankards, casters, pots, etc. See Tankard. Flagon — An elongated tank ard of large size used as a pitcher, sometimes provided with a lip or spout. Found frequently in the Commu nion sets. The later forms are ewer-shaped. Flask — A receptacle for liquids shaped like an ani mal or bird, or of conven tional form, flattened and rounded. [142] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Flat Ware — The trade but two. Forks of three, name for knives, forks and and later of four prongs, spoons. followed. By 1760-70, four t?it,,tt, __ t „,„ * tines were common in fLEUR de Lys — A conven- „ , „ , , , r ranee and England, but not freely made in America until circa 1800. The fork handle followed the type and design of the spoon handle. Frosted Work — A silver surface finely roughened. Funnel — An article of the tional lily shape often used shape of an inverted hol- with silversmith's marks. low cone or hemisphere Flip Straw -A small hollow terminating below in a tube of silver used instead straiSht or curved P'Pe used of a straw for drinking flip or other hot or frothy drinks. Fluted — A surface orna mented by parallel channels or grooves usually running up and down, like the fluted stem of a candlestick. Foliated — Ornamented with conventionalized representa tion of leaves and branches. Fork— Until XVIII Century of steel with ivory, porce lain or other handles. Silver forks of two tines were, however, known in Italy prior to this, and the first in England had [i43 in decanting wine and liquors. It was usually fitted with a strainer and occa sionally attached to a small tray. The wine funnel of silver or glass was con sidered essential when wine or spirits were served out side the original bottle. ] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS G Gadrooned or Godrooned (latter modern spelling) — A surface ornamented by a se ries of curved convex ruffles or ridges called gadroons va rying in form but joined at their extremities, being in a measure the reverse of fluted. Though long in use it was a favorite decoration in the teapots of 1810-1830. In abbreviated form, the rim of a vessel as well as parts of a base are often similarly treated. Goblet — A chalice -shaped drinking cup. See Chalice. Grace Cup — See Mazer. Gravy Spoon — A very large spoon of the shape and type of a table spoon. Common in England in XVIII Cen tury, but few made in America. H Hall Marks — Ten cities in Great Britain were author ized to assay and stamp plate through their "halls" or Goldsmith Companies. For full details consult the works of Jackson or Cripps. London may illustrate the system of marks. Nation ality is indicated by a lion passant (regardant until [144 1822). The city mark is a leopard's head varying in details. Alphabets of twenty letters, Roman capi tals and script and Black letter capitals and script alternating irregularly, in dicate the year. The maker has his mark and in 1784, a sovereign's head was added as a fifth stamp. Each ] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS mark is also helped in its significance for its cycle by the shape of its die. A certain usage prevails as to where the marks are set on different articles, e.g., in spoons on the back of the handle well down. Eng lish silver can be more accu rately dated by this system than any other nationality. Pseudo Hall marks. — In America after 1800 marks resembling English hall marks were often placed on silver, such as a letter, a line, a head or sheaf of wheat, a bee hive, etc. These are easily distinguished from true hall marks and should not be confused with them. They occasionally had some significance as in Baltimore. Hanap — See Standing Cup and Cover. Handle — That part of an 5 C R.O 1_ L- article by which grasped. See Bail. it is 1. Flat Handle. A thin flat band, sometimes cor rugated, in scroll shape. 2. Scroll Handle. Like a letter S with lower half shrunk.3 . Double Scroll Handle. A handle formed of two scrolls. DOUBLE 3CROLL KEY HOLE 4. Strap Handle. See Flat Handle. 5. Pierced Handle. A pierced silver plate as with porringer. 6. Keyhole. Used to indi cate the ordinary form of porringer handle in which one of the openings re sembles a keyhole. 7. Geometrical. A porringer handle, the openings in and GEOMETRIC WOODEN the exterior form of which [H5] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS is made in geometrical pat terns. 8. Urn and Crown. A por ringer handle in which the piercings are so shaped as to form a crowned urn. 9. Wooden Handle. A straight turned or a curved wooden grip fitting into and pinned through silver sockets. Hinge — The device of over lapping edges, pierced and held by a pin, which fastens a lid to an article while permitting it to swing. Hollow Ware — The trade name for all sorts of dishes vessels, cups, bowls, etc. I Incised — Engraved, cut or stamped in. Used occasion ally in describing certain silversmith's marks in con tradistinction to the result produced by the usual em bossing die. Indented — Notched, as in a border, with teeth or indents. Interlaced — Lines which weave under and over each other as in engraved decora tion. J Jug — A deep plain vessel for holding and pouring liquids with handle, flat base, circu lar body and possibly a small nose. A pitcher, usu ally of earthenware, mounted in silver. [146] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS K Kettle — A silver vessel with spout and bail on a stand with lamp to heat water for tea. English tea kettles of second half XVIII Cen tury are often of great beauty in shape and decoration. The bail may be wound with rattan or insulated. No definite type. Knives — Table utensils con sisting of cutting blades, usually of steel, later of silver, fastened to handles of silver. Knop — The bulge or knob midway in the stem of a chalice, for convenience in holding. Label — The inscribed metal ticket hung by a chain about a decanter, to indi cate its contents. Lacquered — Covered with a thin coating of transpar ent shellac to prevent silver from tarnishing. Ladle — A round or oval bowl with a handle set usu- [H7 ally at an angle to the plane of the bowl. A soup ladle is large with a handle sharply curved, less often straight. A punch ladle is small with straight twisted whalebone handle fitting in a socket. A cream or gravy ladle is like a small soup ladle. ] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Legs — Owing to their insig nificance legs are seldom referred to in describing silver, the words foot or feet being preferred. Techni cally, however, that part of the support between the body and the foot proper, as in the case of Dutch, hoofed or shell and some times claw feet is the leg. This frequently is bandied in form. Lid — The cover of a vessel, usually hinged. See Tank ard. Lip — The edge of a drinking vessel to which the mouth is applied. Loving Cup — A modern un- technical term to denote a large cup on a high base with two or three handles and without lid or cover. Lozenge — Diamond shaped. M Mace — A club-shaped staff or wand of office borne be fore mayor's, bailiffs, or other officers by their ser geants. Silver maces were only occasionally used in America. Marks Stamped on Silver — These must always be distinguished from owners' or other marks, engraved upon silver articles. Die marks were intended to indicate the silversmith, the place of origin, often the date of making, some times the nationality also. A considerable number of [148 pieces in all countries seem never to have been marked. A hall or Government stamp guaranteed the fineness of the alloy after testing. For British marks, see Hall Marks; for American Makers' Marks, see that title. European silver is usually stamped with a city mark and the chiffre or initials of the maker. Some of these city marks give the exact or approximate date. Thus according to Rosen berg the number of dots in the Augsburg pine cone ] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS has a date significance; Liege and Copenhagen used actual numerals; Paris had a series of alphabets crowned, the date letter thus giving the year. The makers' marks or ini- ¦ tials in a die of special shape have been largely gathered in Rosenberg "Der Goldschmiede Merk- zeichen," Frankfurt, 2nd ed., which consult. Marrow Spoon — A spoon with narrow, elongated blunt bowl, and still nar rower grooved handle, thus forming a union of two scoops of differing widths for the extraction of marrow from a bone. Measure — An open drink ing vessel of standard sizes used for measuring liquids. Usually mug or can shape and frequently stamped with the capacity held. Medallion — A round or oval disk decorated with heads or figures; usually cast like a coin, but some times inset in a dish or tankard. Mid Band — See Band. Monstrance — Once a reli quary. Since XIV Century the public receptacle for showing the consecrated host; of glass and precious metal with stones often in laid; varied in form; some times like a candelabrum spired. Mask — • A grotesque head or Monteith — A large punch face often used at the lower end or tip of a tankard handle. Mazer — An antique drink ing bowl shaped like a sec tion of a sphere, banded and mounted in silver, though ordinarily of wood. Rarely on a splayed foot and with a cover, in squat chalice form. Sometimes called a Grace Cup. bowl whose rim — usually movable — is notched and is said to hold wine glasses by the foot, though few [H9] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS examples have ever been found where drinking ves sels could be so supported. XVIII Century. Mote Spoon — A spoon with pierced bowl. Small ones with pointed handles were used for tea, while larger with long handles were used for wine and the com munion. See tea spoon. Moulding — An ornamenta tion made by grooved or raised bands usually applied to the base, rim or edge of silver articles, but occasion ally elsewhere, as in the mid band. Mount — A general term to include the metal base, moulding, rim, cover clamp, or other accessory by which a utensil of wood, pottery, porcelain, or other material is decorated and adapted for use. Also the ornamen tal accessories of sword hilt and scabbard. Muffineer — An upright ar ticle of table furniture usu ally round, with moulded base and pierced detachable cap, for sprinkling sugar. A sugar caster, XVIII Cen tury. Mug — A drinking vessel with straight or tapering sides, scroll handle with flat bot tom, moulded base and no lid. In the earthenware mugs of European make a silver lid is sometimes clamped to the handle. [I5°] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS N Nautilus Cup — A nautilus shell mounted as a drink ing vessel in metal with stem and base, a European fashion XVI and XVII Cen turies. Nef — A cup in the shape of a ship. Nulled — Ornamented with a convex rounded decora tion differing from a gadroon in that the latter is on a rounded, while the former is on a flat or quarter round surface. Nutmeg Grater — A utensil containing a roughened sur face for grating nutmegs. Frequently ingeniously de signed with a receptacle for holding the nutmeg when not in use and often made pocket size. Panelled — Decorated with small surfaces framed either by mouldings, engraving or by the outline of the piece itself. Pap Boat — A small open boat-shaped vessel without feet or cover, but with lip designed for use in feeding infants and invalids. [i5i Pap Spoon — A spoon with bowl partly covered, for feeding infants and invalids. Parcel Gilt — Silver or other metal partially gilded as a band around the rim of a beaker, an escutcheon, the interior of a cup, or a more elaborate decoration where portions of the chased or repousse work are done in gold. Patch Box — A small carved box of varying form and ] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS decoration used for carrying court plaster patches. Paten — A round plate or flat dish to hold the sacra mental bread at communion service, in connection with the chalice. For wafers only it was sometimes fitted to the chalice as a cover. Used occasionally for do mestic service on the table as a salver. Patina — The finish of a sur face obtained by age and use. Peg — One of a set of pins fixed at intervals in a drink ing vessel to measure the quantity which each drinker was to take. Pellet — A small rounded boss used as a period or decoration in makers' marks, as • Box Pepper — Small, round or many-sided vessels, with [i flat bottom, moulded, and with removable pierced cover and handle, used for sprinkling food with pepper. Pepper Caster — See Caster. Pie or Cake Lifter — An article shaped like a ma son's trowel, usually pierced. Made in England as early as 1765- Pilgrim Bottle — A flask- shaped bottle with chains and a stopper. English XVII Century. Pin — The small, cylindrical piece of silver, used to hold two parts of a hinge to gether. Plate — Generic term for silver utensils in the mass. In XVI Century silver bul lion. A flat, shallow dish with edge, round, oval or octagonal, for holding food. Platter — A large plate for serving food, usually oval or octagonal. Plaque — A plate, or flat panel, of thin silver, gen erally ornamented in repousse. Porringer — 1. English Type. A two-handled cup, 52] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS with flat or moulded base, straight sides and a cover; XVII and XVIII Centuries, ENGLISH AP1EH1CAN often gadrooned or repousse. See Caudle Cup and Posset Cup.2. American Type. A round, shallow saucepan, with flat base and a flat triangular handle nearly flush with the rim, of pierced work. The earlier design was geometrical, changing about 173 5-1745 into the keyhole shape so-called from the final aperture. Posset Cup — See Caudle Cup. Posset was milk curdled with wine with spices added. Hot ale also sometimes used. Pot — A large round recepta cle for hot liquids, e. g., a hot water pot for ceremonial tea. Japanese. Potato Ring — A large open work splayed circlet without cover or base, circa 4 in. in height, Irish, XVIII Cen tury. Potatoes were heaped on a napkin inside of ring. Pounced — Ornamented by a series of minute indenta tions made by a fine punch. Often used as a relief to more elaborate decoration. Porringer Spoon — A spoon Pricket — The spike at the slightly smaller than the modern desert spoon, used with a porringer. Posnet — A small pot with handle and three feet used for boiling (English). top of a candlestick upon which the candle was thrust. Still used in church candelabra. Pseudo Hall Marks — See Hall Marks. [153] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS Purchase — The thumbpiece of a tankard; the lid is raised by the drinker's thumb acting upon a pro tuberance next the handle. This may be a simple knob, ribbed upright, or double spiral; or it may be a lion, water witch, eagle, or other objedt in great variety. a Quatrefoil — An ornamen tal figure having four cuspid divisions, usually formed by segments of a circle. See Dies. R Railing — An open fret raised from the surface as used in trays, coasters, etc. Sometimes called gallery. Rat Tail — The ridge ex tension of the handle under the bowl of a spoon, first half XVIII Century. Rarely used also as part of the decoration of a tankard body under the handle. See Drop and Body Drop. Reeded — A surface orna mented by a series of paral lel ridges running up and down. The opposite of fluted. Repousse — A raised pattern or ornament made by beat ing a thin metal from the [154] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS reverse side with hammer and punches. Rim — In general the upper edge of any dish or vessel or the lower edge of a cover. The rim of a drinking vessel is, however, preferably re ferred to as the lip. Rococo — Florid ornamenta tion consisting of scroll, shells, etc., thrown together without proper connection. Rose — A design in the form of a conventionalized single rose, found occasionally in makers' marks. See John Hull's Mark. Rose Water Dish — A large richly ornamented basin for rinsing the fingers at table. Salts — Receptacles for salt, articles of table furniture, in mediaeval times, of great distinction. As made by V colonial silversmiths, salt cellars were mainly (a) built up in a series of mouldings from a larger base with a splayed top in which a de pression held the salt, or (b) a small round or oval [155 dish on three or four legs. See Trencher Salts. Abroad, massive cellars or standing salts, similar to cut, were used early; while in later times small silver vessels frequently pierced, containing glass salt hold ers, were in vogue for in dividual use. Salver — In its early form the salver, often richly deco rated, was used with the ewer for rinsing the fingers. After forks became custom ary, the salver as a tray with a low moulded scalloped or gadrooned edge, was used ] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS socket; and third the candle holder and bobeche to catch for dishes, plates, cards, and many other purposes. Dec oration generally of chased work. Sauce Boat — A boat-shaped dish, generally on short legs, with spout and high curved handle at end, for sauces and drippings. There is no one recognized type. Scrolled — Surface decora ted with scroll work either chased or repousse. Serrated — • A border corn- gravies, XVIII Century. Posed of saw-toothed The earliest had spout at notches. See Dies. each end and handles at the Shoe — A thin plate on the side. bottom of a foot. Scalloped — A border com- Siphon — A silver tube grace- posed of a series of semi-cir- fully bent and often in- cular or otherwise curved projections, the reverse of engrailed. See Dies. Scent Jar — A vessel, shaped like a porcelain jar, with detached cover; often repousse; to hold lavender, rose leaves, and the like. Sconce — A wall bracket to hold candles. The essential parts are the wall plate and socket; the arm, usually scrolled, fitting into said geniously contrived for si- [156] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS phoning liquids, as wine or spirits, from cask or bottle to decanter. Skewer — A solid pointed flat tongue of silver, with a ring in or on the broad end. To pin a round of beef or other articles of food to gether for the oven and to be withdrawn when carved. Snuff Box — A pocket re ceptacle for snuff, with hinged lid, often richly chased or worked. Snuffers and Tray — A scis sors-like contrivance for snuffing a candle and catch ing the wick end. Usually fitted with a tray. The old est, noted, by an American maker, is 1750. Socket — The hollow into which something is fitted, as the handle of a teapot in to the body; the arm of a sconce into the plate; a candle into the candlestick. Soffit — The under horizon tal surface of a moulding. Splayed Base — The out- turned flaring but squat V < base moulding and neck, [1 supporting an object such as a can, coffee pot, etc. Spoon — A handle and bowl solidly joined in the same plane to carry liquid to the mouth in small quantities. 1. Round bowl, or slightly pear shaped with various handles, in a few cases bowl and handle soldered together; in many cases a crystal bowl fastened to a metal handle. This type lasted until circa 1700. 2. Oval Bowl. Throughout XVIII Century. The oval bowl which came in near its beginning has tended to become less and less a per fect oval and more ovoid, so that generally speaking the sharper the point of the spoon, the later its date. 3. Egg Shaped Bowl. The perfect oval is rarely seen after 1750, being replaced by the egg shape which has persisted ever since. 4. Round and Oclagonal Handle. This was usual with the earlier spoons, being often twisted, or in Norway and Sweden flat and twisted, or flat enlarged at the end and chased. 5. Flat Handle. With the 57] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS oval bowl came in the flat solid handle united to the bowl by a ridge of union OCTAGONAL HANDLE FLAT HANDLE gan to be chased with bright cut ornament or feather beneath (rat tail) which was ribbed and later plain. The handle end was first broad ened, notched twice (trifid) and turned up slightly; later broadened, rounded with a blunt point and turned back. The latest type of handle associated with the oval bowl had a rounded end ridged above. 6. Sloped or Shaped Han dles. This name is given to describe the next type of handle with a rounded or pointed end sloping to its junction with the bowl which often appeared as a drop (q.v.), a partial sur vival of the rat tail. By 1770-80, such handles be- [158 POINTED HANDLE edging and an escutcheon. (q.v.) 7 Coffin Handle. For a dec ade circa 1800, the rounded COFFI/M HANDLE handle ended in an elongated octagon like the head of a coffin. 8. Fiddle Back Handle. But by 1 8 10 this changed to a flat handle, broad half way ] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS to the bowl and then shaped F"l DDLEL BACK HANDLE in. Subsequently all types were followed. Spout — The tube, trough or opening through which the contents of pot, pan, flagon, pitcher, etc. are poured. Varying from the curved or long straight pipe of a tea pot, or coffee pot, to the mere bend in the rim of a saucepan. Spout Cup — A small plain covered cup with a curved tube like spout. For an in valid's use in bed. Standard Silver — This term represents fixed pro portions of pure silver com bined with alloy as directed by law. The standards have varied from time to time. See Sterling and Coin. Standing Cup and Cover — A cup of some size and splendour to serve the mas ter's wine. So notable some times as to have a special name. The bowl might be an ostrich egg, or cocoanut or even of wood as well as of silver or crystal. Tall usually with a stem "and richly decorated. Frequent in Germany with a human figure standing on the cover. Steeple Cup — A standing cup, q.v., with steeple sur mounting the cover. Stem — The member of a vase, chalice, candlestick, or cup which unites receptacle and base. Baluster Stem. Bulging like a baluster. Sterling — About 1857 the word Sterling was stamped on silver articles to indicate its fineness, as .925, meaning 925 parts pure silver with 75 parts by weight of pure 59] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS copper in every 1000 parts. This is the same as the English standard of allow ing but 1 8 dwt of alloy and n ounces, 2 dwt silver in each 12 ounces. See Coin. Strainer — A circular shal low bowl of small diameter perforated with holes, usu ally in a symmetrical pat tern. For a tea cup a single clip or handle is used. The teapot spout strainer is a modern idea. For a punch bowl the strainer was fitted with two skeleton handles in the same plane and thus stretched from rim to rim. Handles often gracefully curved. Strap Work — A form of decoration simulating in terlaced bands, made by chasing on silver, or less often by interwoven metal strips. Sugar Bowl — Receptacle for sugar in use on the table, always with a cover. The [1 early type was round on a splayed base, somewhat pear shaped with a lid and finial. The urn type, slim with square base and domed or even pointed cover, suc ceeded to be followed by an oval shape on a high base with two high shouldered strap handles. Then came the tea set period. Sugar Sifter — A ladle- shaped spoon, the round bowl of which is pierced for sprinkling sugar upon food. Sugar Tongs — A tweezer- like article for grasping a lump of sugar. Commonly two arms of solid or pierced work ending in spoon or other tips and broad at their junction. Exceedingly common 1 800-1 825 and since. An early variant is in the form of scissors of ingen ious decorated designs, often with cutting edges for break ing the lumps. Sun — A conventional blem used in some makers' marks. See Robt. Sander son's mark. 60] em- SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS T Tankard — A drinking vessel on a flat or moulded base or low foot, with tapering or bellied sides, handle and FINIAJ- [PURCHASE o« humbpiece: •TIPorEND usually accompanies the domed lid. lid. Known in flagon form in England about 1550, but not in common use until a century later. The early American tankards had a flat lid to which later a low dome was added. Later still the lid consisted of a series of steps usually surmounted by a finial. To describe these three species of lid (the lid more than any other feature distinguishes a tankard), the terms flat, domed, stepped, and stepped and domed, are used. A band was added to the body about 1710 and [16 Tazza — A drinking cup con sisting of a shallow bowl like that of a champagne glass, on a baluster stem and splayed base like a chalice. XVI Century. Tea Caddy — A covered re ceptacle for tea to be used on the tea table, varying in shape from rectangular to round, from a box to a vase, sometimes fitted with lock and key. XVIII Cen tury. Teapot — A pot for the mak ing and distribution of tea, with lid, spout and handle. A few instances prior to 1725; common after 1750. An early type was globular on a moulded base with semi circular handle and short spout. Then succeeded the bell shape with long curved spout and perhaps a double scroll handle. The pear- shaped teapot was the next fashion, often richly chased 1] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS or repousse to be followed by an oval or octagonal form often on its own stand, and with a straight spout. After perhaps 1800- 18 10 the elaborate tea set of three or four pieces was customary where the teapot was large, with heavy orna ment and a much curved spout. In all the various shapes there are knobs or [1 finials for the lids, and sockets for the wooden handles. Since about 1815 the shape, size and orna mentation of the teapot have varied endlessly. Tea Spoon — A spoon of small size, adapted to a tea cup. For types see Spoon. A spoon with pierced bowl and round, sharp, pointed handle, was used in XVIII Century to remove tea leaves and free the teapot spout. See Mote Spoon. Tea Urn — A hot water heater in urn shape with square base on feet, a faucet, two curved handles and a high domed cover with finial. Second half XVIII Century. The contents were in earliest form heated by a cylindrical piece of iron or hot charcoal dropped into a container from the top. Later a burner, finally a lamp, were placed below the urn. Thumbpiece. See Purchase. Tinder Box — A small silver box, usually of pocket size, made with a piece of steel on the outside in position to be struck by a flint, which 62] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS together with the tinder is kept inside the box when not in use. Tine — The prong with which a fork is armed for pierc ing food. Toddy — A mixture of spirits and hot water sweetened. Toddy Cup — Spoon and strainer. Small silver uten sils used in making toddy. Touchstone — A fine, smooth black stone, used for testing the fineness of silver, by comparing the color of the streak made by rubbing on the metal with that made by silver of a known standard, called the touch needle. Tray — See Salver. A shal low, flat-bottomed recepta cle, with or without feet, varying in shape and size, with straight, curved or sloped edges. Used like salver. Occasionally shaped to fit a teapot or other object. Trencher Salts — Small, solid salt cellars, circular, oval, octagonal or triangu lar, with the upper surface hollowed. XVII Century. See Salts. Trifid Handle — See Spoon. Trumpet Base — The out- turned flaring base mould ing with elongated neck supporting an object. It resembles the big end of a trumpet inverted. An American term (?). Tumbler — A small, round- bottomed wine cup, like a bowl without handles, com mon in Germany and North ern Europe in XVIII Cen tury. [163] SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS w Waiter — An untechnical term for a large tray, usually without feet, to carry plate or a tea or coffee service. Handles are customary. Wine-Taster — A small, shal low, solid saucer with one or two handles, for testing the flavor and odor of wine. French. Much like the dram cup. Whistle; Whistling Tank ard — The lower end of a scrolled hollow tankard, han dle was usually provided with an opening used as a vent during soldering. Very rarely, if ever, have vent and tip been used to form the whistle popularly but erroneously supposed to have been for calling the tap drawer. Whistling tankard is, therefore, a misnomer. [164]