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A TRANSLATION

MINOR PROPHETS

With an Occasional Brief Note
Introduced

By BENJAMIN DOUGLASS
Of Santa Barbara, Cal.

FLEMING H. REVELL COMPANY
New York : : Chicago : : Toronto
Publishers of Evangelical Literature
1896

Copyright i8q6 by
Fleming H. Revell Company.

gate/

CONTENTS.

Introduction
Xote os Jonah
HoseaJoel
Amos .
Obadiah .
Jonah .
Micah
Nahum Habakeuk Zephaniah
HaggaiZechabiah
Malachi .

Page. 3
. 1317
. 3441
. 54 57
. 62 71
. 7580
. 8589
. 109

[3]

INTRODUCTION.

All translations made by large bodies of men, and where the
work in its details is done by committees and then voted on by
the body at large, are necessarily compromises. They are such,
because many men of many minds, nominally religious, compose
these committees. Some are half skeptics, some Unitarian,
Universalist, and scholarly critics of every description. The
received version of the Scriptures is, in its doctrinal parts, no
exception to this rule, nor is the revision.
The mystical interpretation which has come down to us, and
is so largely accepted, makes void the word of God to a certain
degree, especially in the reading of the prophets. They ail,
except Jonah, write of the second coming of Jesus Christ and
of events to take place just precedent to, and at, the time of
His personal appearing ; and the translators, failing to catch
the idea, or unwilling to believe it, substitute for the person
the thing, the neuter for the masculine. Very often, the plural
is put for the singular, and prophecies that are yet future are
regarded as already fulfilled. Vide, for an instance, the first
paragraph, of seven verses, in the forty-first chapter of Isaiah,
where there are fifteen futures, changed into pasts or presents.
The translators did this because they thought that the prophecy
was fulfilled by Cyrus ; but there is no reference to Cyrus or his
times. It is to the Anti-Christ, or false Messiah, and his times,
which precede the coming of Jesus Christ, the true Messiah, by
seven years. Jehovah is the speaker.
The spiritualistic mode of interpretation which prevails
among all the evangelical denominations, comes to us from the
dark ages. The churches of the Reformation ought to have
disowned it, but they did not, neither did they affirm it.
The great minds of the churches, in those days, had their
all-absorbing specialties, in settling and defending the funda
mental articles of their faith, order-of church government, etc.
[5]

6 INTRODUCTION.
Meanwhile, gradually, the old "dark-age" view of the pro
phetic portions of scripture acquired strength and retained its
hold. The consequence has been disastrous to the truth. It
is a notorious fact that the ministers do not understand the
prophets, and why is it they regard them as a terra incognita?
I am persuaded it is because of this spiritualistic system of
interpretation. It makes a dead letter of one half of the Bible.
It is a huge tare " the Father of lies " has sown. It makes the
Gentile Church, the kingdom, and Christians sing : "I love thy
kingdom, Lord, the church," etc., and so the error lives and is
passed along. The clergy will never understand the prophets
until they accept the doctrine of the second personal pre-
millennial coming of Jesus Christ, and read the prophets, as
literally as they do Milton or Shakespeare.
For these, with other reasons, the author has made this
translation for the benefit of his children ; and he has now
given it to the public, in the hope that some reader may get a
benefit from its perusal. He took up the work when time
might, otherwise, have hung upon his hands. At long intervals
he has leisurely made his translation, in short studies. He has
followed the Masoretic punctuation, and the translation is given
as originally written, without any attempt at revision. He
united with the Bleecker Street Presbyterian church in New
York City, in March, 1831, and horrible to relate, never heard
a sermon or lecture on the second advent of the Lord Jesus
Christ, or any reference to the subject, for fifteen years there
after ! Then, forming the acquaintance of an Episcopal clergy
man who had left the church in England, because of her
Puseyism and Oxford Tractism, he heard from him the pre-
millennial doctrine of the Lord's return. Opposing lt, at the
outset, with all his might, he was yet subdued by the Scripture
proofs presented. In studying the question exhaustively, as he
did, it became necessary to acquire a knowledge of the Hebrew
and its cognates. Since 1846 the Hebrew has been his hobby,
and he loves it, because it is so simple and sublime, and be
cause it is, as the Jews call it, "the holy tongue."
Surprised to find not only the Presbyterian, but all the
evangelical churches, so hostile to the truth of the Lord's
return, his suspicion was aroused as to whether they had the
proper mode of interpreting prophetic Scripture. He read

INTRODUCTION. 7
Mosheim's Church History to learn what changes of creed and
interpretation took place in the history of the church, century
by century, with the reasons therefor As a result, he totally
repudiates the prevalent traditional "Whitbyan" view, which
is "Origenism " renewed, reads the word of God, and interprets
it, by those common-sense principles of interpretation by which
our courts of justice are guided in interpreting documents
which come before them. God speaks to men in the language
of men, and means to be, and can be, understood, if the gram
matical meaning is accepted. The two comings of the Lord
Jesus, the first time to "suffer," and the second time to
"reign," are equally literal, and are clearly taught in the
Bible, the latter by seven hundred or eight hundred texts
which are allegorically, mystically, and spiritually, so called,
interpreted into meaning almost nothing, if not absolutely
abolishing the coming kingdom of the Lord Jesus. But this
subject is too large for me to comment on in this preface.
Let it suffice to say that our theologians, with few exceptions,
do not discriminate between prophetic and non-prophetic time,
nor do they interpret the' figures and symbols of Scripture by
their respective laws, nor study prophecy as " a light shining in
a dark place. " Of unfulfilled prophetic time there remains but
one week, or seven years, of Daniel's seventy weeks, to close this
economy and usher in the glorious epiphany of our "Great God
and Saviour, Jesus Christ." Is not the neglect to preach this
truth a reason why the churches are so world conformed ? and
is it not an adequate cause why such questions have been cur
rent, as, "Is Christianity a failure ? " and, " Has the pulpit lost
its power over the people ?" I think it is the very cause, and
that man's great enemy has planted, by stealth, this device in
interpretation upon the church with a view to its ruin.
The unfulfilled prophecies predict what is to happen " in that
day," meaning the time of the seven years, and the second com
ing of Jesus. They picture the advent and doings of him who
will become the "Anti-Christ." These prophecies are generally
regarded by commentators as fulfilled some two thousand years
or more ago, and thus they are swept aside as so much rubbish,
or by some they are regarded as simply a terra incognita. The
German scholars for the last hundred years have led the world of
thought in the exposition of Scripture, but as they generally

8 INTRODUCTION.
deny inspiration, and miracle, and the possibility of prophec>,
their views are harmful in the highest degree ; and as they are,
in a worldly sense, scholarly, and are largely in the majority, the
minority submit and are misled by their depraved, infidel
scholarship. By those of this school there is a general denial that a King is
coming to take the sovereignty of earth ; hut it is foretold that
Jesus is to be this coming King, this "King of glory." He will
retake Adam's forfeited dominion over earth. The government
shall then be on His shoulder : and his name shall be called
"Miracle, Counselor, God, Mighty Man [note this change of
translation], the Everlasting Father, the Prince of Peace."
And then, "Behold a King shall reign in righteousness," and
men's eyes "shall be permitted to see the King, in His beauty."
Jeremiah tells us in chapter 23 : 5 that " a King shall reign and
prosper and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth;"
and His name shall be called "Jehovah, our righteousness."
Dan. 7:13, 14, says: "Behold, one like the Son of Man came
with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of Days, and
they brought Him near before him. There was given Him
dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations,
and languages, should serve Him : His dominion is an everlast
ing dominion, which shall not pass away, and His Kingdom that
which shall not he destroyed." No exegesis can properly de
prive these texts of their literal import.
To err is human. All scholars are fallible. The greatest and
best men make great mistakes. Dr. Hodge, of Princeton, N. J.,
is a case of the kind. He was one of the great men of the
nineteenth century, and yet he taught (" Systematic Theology,"
Vol. 2, pp. 597, 599) that "the Kingdom of God has existed, in our
world, ever since the fall of Adam." A more ridiculous proposi
tion was never uttered, it seems to me, by any strong-minded
and godly man, and yet how many preachers followed him in
teaching this dreadful error! Dr. Hodge further wrote: "As
the Kingdom of God on earth was set up immediately after the'
fall, yet, as the Messiah was to come to make all things new and
to take into His hands, as the Theanthropos, the administration
of this Kingdom, the Old Testament predicted and the New
Testament announces the establishment of a new Kingdom, as
consequent on His advent." What a hodgepodge he makes of it

INTRODUCTION. 9'
through his ' Whitbyanism. " A kingdom concurrent with, and
antagonistic to, Satan's for four thousand years, and then a new
kingdom, that is, there were to be two kingdoms after His first
advent, besides Satan's. No ; Satan is now the permitted god of
this world, and there is, for the present, no other kingdom here.
Satan must be dethroned ere Christ can reign, and he will be
deposed when Jesus returns. He got his hold on this world and
race when he tempted our first parents, and he holds it yet. He
is the " World Deceiver." Rev. 12 : 9.
That the personal coming of the King and the setting up of
His kingdom is yet future, is clearly proved by the tenses in the
New Testament relating thereto, which are not properly ren
dered in either the King James' or revised translations. The
Greek grammarians are all agreed, and their views are well
expressed by Dr. Curtius in section 598 of his Greek grammar,
as follows, namely : " Many verbs whose present stem expresses
a state denote in all the aorist forms the entrance into the
state." He gives eight instances, and among them ""Basileuein,
to be king, Basileusai, to become king." Applying this rule, let
me refer to three texts in the book of the Revelation ; to wit,
Rev. 11 : 17 ; 19 : 6 ; and 20 : 4. Rev. 11 : 17 reads : " We give thee
thanks, O Lord God Almighty, which art and wast because thou
hast taken to thee thy great power and hast begun to reign," net
"reigned." This will be on His personal return, His second
coming! Rev. 19:6: "I heard, as it were, the voices of a
great multitude, and as the voice of many waters, and as the
voice of many thunderings, saying Alleluia, for the Lord God
omnipotent has begun to reign." This will be the time of His
entrance on the kingdom ! In Rev. 20 : 4 the three classes speci
fied "lived and began to reign with Christ a thousand years."
The Hebrew verb Malach, to reign, is like the Greek verb
in its past tense. It is twenty-five times rendered "began to
reign," the context deciding, in all cases, whether the begin
ning or end of the reign is referred to. As instances where the
word occurs with its two meanings, in the same verses, see
2 Chron. 25:1, which reads: "Amaziah was twenty-five years
old when he began to reign and he reigned twenty-nine years."
Again in 2 Chron. 29 : 1 :" Hezekiah began to reign when he
was twenty-five years old and he reigned twenty-nine years in
Jerusalem."

10 INTRODUCTION.
In the old Testament, the beginning of that kingdom of God,
which is yet to come, is indicated by a change of translation,
which should be made in eight different texts. They are : Isa.
24 : 23 and 52 : 7 ; Ps. 93 : 1 ; 47 : 8 ; 96 : 10 ; 97 : 1 ; 98 : 9 ; and 99 : 1.
The twenty-fourth chapter of Isaiah gives an account of a
judgment on the whole world, ending in the beginning of the
reign of Jehovah of Hosts. The last verse reads: "Then the
moon shall be confounded and the sun ashamed." Why? —
"Because Jehovah of Hosts has begun to reign in Mount Zion
and in Jerusalem and before His Ancients gloriously."
The fifty-second chapter is in line with the twenty-fourth
chapter. The time of fulfilment, in both, is that of the second
coming. Then, it shall be said, (verse 7) : " How beautiful upon
the mountains are the feet of him that bringeth good tidings,
that publisheth peace ; that bringeth good tidings, that pub
lisheth salvation, that saith unto Zion, thy God has become King."
The forty-seventh Psalm and eighth verse should read: "God
has become King," instead of " God reigneth." All people are to
clap hands, because He has then come back.
Ps 93:1 should read: "Jehovah has become King;" and
the first verses of Psalms 97 and 99 should be changed from
" reigneth " to "has become King."
The time in all these cases is that of the second coming of
Jesus Messiah.
In Ps. 96 : 10 we should read : Say among the heathen that
"Jehovah has become King." As a consequence, the heavens are
invited to rejoice and the earth to be glad ; the sea is to roar, and
its fulness. The field is to be joyful and the trees of the Wood
to rejoice, before the Jehovah Man ; for He lias come [not com
eth] for He has come to judge the Earth."
At Psalm 98 the people will sing a new song ; and this expres
sion, "New Song," the Rabbins, say, always indicates the days
of the Messiah. I would change "cometh" in the ninth verse
to " has come."
These eleven texts point unquestionably, as with an index
finger, to the coming of a King and the setting up of His Kingdom
at that time, in the most glad and happy manner ; and thence
forth, "He will reign in righteousness," yea, "righteousness
shall be the girdle of His loins and faithfulness the girdle of His
reins." He will rule with absolute perfection of rectitude and

INTRODUCTION. 1 1
holiness. If the Scriptures are competent to determine for us
when the kingdom shall come, then these eleven texts are suffi
cient : and they, supported by their contexts, have already,
infallibly and definitely, settled the question. All argument is
at an end, for all the opposing theories of the past and present
are overthrown, and are entirely erroneous and unscriptural, yea,
anti-scriptural.

NOTE ON JONAH.

I put the book of Jonah off to be the last of the "Minor
Prophets " I should translate ; and in so doing, I have deviated
from my custom, in rendering the plural noun Elohim, "the
triune God." This is, I think, its true import; and, as a
Hebrew student, I have believed it to be such for nearly fifty
years. When I look over the history of the past, the reason why
this traditional rendering of Elohim, with a singular meaning,
should have been entailed upon us, and have come down to us,
almost unquestioned, for 1800 years past, is plain. •
After apostolic days, in the second century, the church was
busy in studying the Word of God, which was then the Old Testa
ment. It needed instruction and translation ; and since, in those
days, there were few Hebrew scholars, and these were Unitarian
Rabbis, it became necessary to go to them to learn the meaning
of this divine name, "Elohim." Their teaching was accepted
and traditionally transmitted. In opposition to the polytheism
of all other peoples, the Jews alone thought there was but one
God. In this they were right, but they failed to see that, in the
Godhead, there were three eternal personal relations. In the
New Testament these are first indicated in Matt. 28 : 19 by the
terms "Father," "Son," and "Holy Spirit." These are con
firmed by 1 John 5:7: " For there are three that bear record in
heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Spirit : and these
three are one.''
In the Old Testament, this idea of Trinity in Unity, is plainly
revealed to us. Without a revelation we could know nothing
of God's plan touching the future ; but he has revealed the
plan of redemption fully ; and in doing this much, ¦ He has,
necessarily, disclosed to us His own mode of existence, in its
execution, in detail. This He has taught us clearly and repeat
edly in the Old Testament as in the New ; and this we should
naturally expect, for every time this word "Elohim" occurs
[12]

NOTE ON JONAH. 13
(about two thousand five hundred), it is practically, a reminder
of that disclosure which was made in Deut. 6 : 4. Then, the
people were admonished to "hear," i. e., to give fixed attention
to what was to follow, and it was said : " Jehovah,our Elohim,
[i. e. plural or triune God] is each one, Jehovah." This is that
"great'and dreadful name," which the Jews dare not utter, and
which was pronounced only once a year, and by the high priest
alone, on the great day of atonement. We believe this super
natural revelation, not because we understand it, but because
God has thus revealed Himself. The threefold repetition of .this
great name, Jehovah, in Num. 6 : 24-26 is further and strong
proof to our mind ; and the threefold ascription of holiness, Isa.
6:3, is confirmatory.
It seems shocking and demoralizing to one's faith, for a
Christian to say, like the infidels, that the doctrine of the
Trinity cannot be found in the Old Testament, as in the New.
Some go further, and claim that it cannot be proven from any
text of scripture. I beg leave to disagree with all who hold such
opinions ; and yet the late Dr. Charles Hodge, of Princeton,
N. J., in his "Systematic Theology," Vol. 1, page 446, writes:
"No such doctrine as that of the Trinity can be adequately
proved by any citation of Scripture passages. Its constituent
elements are brought into view, some in one place and some in
another"; and thus he thinks the 'doctrine can be most satis
factorily established." And yet Hermann Warzawiak, a con
verted Jew and superintendent of the "American Mission" to
the Jews, 73 Bible House, N. Y., says, in "The Jewish Chris
tian," Vol. 1, No. 9, of September, 1895, when writing of the
Trinity : " There is no other doctrine, in the Christian religion,
so clearly and forcibly presented in the Old Testament Scriptures as
that of a Triune God, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost." How far
apart are he and Dr. Hodge ? and which is right i
If my translation of Deut. 6 : 4 is allowed, then the reader
will admit that there is one God, eternally existing in three per
sons. Deity is ascribed to the three, not only by the distinct
revelation, but because of their peculiar names, titles, works,
etc. Sacred Scripture speaks of these three persons as distinct
from each other, and yet they are one. One of the original and
eternal three took unto Himself, personally, that "holy thing"
that was born of the virgin, and thus that " holy thing," became

14 NOTE ON JONAH.
very God as well as very man ; and thus He was, and is, and will
ever remain, the God Man. His union with one of the eternal
three seemed to unify Him with the other two ; for we read in
Col. 2: 9, "in Him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead,
bodily " : not one third only, but the entire fulness. The word
"Godhead," "theiotees" (Rom. 1: 20) is used abstractly, and
"theotees" (Col. 2: 9) is used personally, and they signify the
divine nature. Each word denotes that infinite, eternal, and
unchangeable nature or essence which is not peculiar to the
Father, or the Son, or the Holy Spirit, but is common to all the
three. Besides, the essential union between the three persons is so
perfect that, although the begetting of the human was by the
third person, the first person says of Him : " This is my beloved
Son," and in Jesus' prayer to His Father (John 17 : 21) he says :
" that they [believers] may be one, even as we [three] are one."
Here, He speaks of Himself as in the Trinity itself, which He is,
by virtue of His union with the second person. Is it not re
markable, that He, the Man, said to God His Father "I will"
(John 17 : 24) ; and that the Holy Spirit condescends to be " sent "
by Him. John 15 : 26.
As the human nature of the virgin's child was "begotten"
by the Holy Spirit, it will show the God nature in a time to
come. It differs from all other natures of which we know any
thing. The two natures after the union, still remain distinct,
and the union is indissoluble. Hence some things are peculiar to
His human nature and some to His God nature. What a glori
ous man He is !
God is one in three persons ; and is underived, self -existent,
and independent, without beginning and without end. Glory
be to His great name Jehovah, or more correctly, Yahveh.
The traditional pernicious and dangerous Unitarian teaching,
as to the meaning of " Elohim," has led many orthodox men to
question its correctness. Thus, for example, Dr. Elias Riggs,
in his note on Gen. 1 : 1, in his Chaldee grammar, on the use of
"two yodhs," as an abbreviation of "Jehovah by the Jews,"
states: "Others affirm that its original form, which indeed
appears in some editions, was three yodhs to express Trinity;
and that later Jews, rejecting the doctrine of the Trinity, preferred
the other form with two yodhs." And again: On the history

NOTE ON JONAH. 15
of the Fall, from the Targum of Onkelos, he adds in Gen. 3:1,
"The Paris and Antwerp polyglots read with three yodhs. The
title page of Munster's Bibl. Heb. Basil. 1546, exhibits the
form of three yodhs." I have, in my library, a polyglot of six
languages, printed in 1599, in the Chaldee of which the
name "Elohim" has substituted for it the name "Jehovah,"
written with three yodhs. When the two words "Jehovah " and
"Elohim" come together, as in Gen. 2 : 4, then the three yodhs
represent Jehovah, and the Chaldee word for "Elohim" is
written out.
But what do the Jews say ? Aben Ezra writes, on " Elohim "
in Gen. 1:1: "After that we have found Eloah we know that
Elohim, is plural number, and this root is on the footing of the
language ; for there is to every language a form of honor, and
the form of honor of one speaking in a foreign tongue is, that
one should say, the less before the great, in the plural number ;
and in the language of Ishmael, the form of honor that one
should speak of the Great, as the King, should be in the plural
number ; and in the Holy Tongue the way of honor speaking
concerning the Great is in the plural number as: 'adonim'
and ' bealim ; ' and so the words alaiv, ailaiv and adaiv, there
fore it is said, as it is written, bara and not bir coo."
Here are five plural words, so called, Aben Ezra gives, to
show that it was common to the Hebrew language, in certain
cases, to use the plural with a singular meaning. The two first
words are "adonim" and "bealim," and they are plural nouns
and have nearly the same meaning; viz., that of master, or
owner. Servants used the plural form because they were
subject to husband, wife, and children. This was natural
and proper. It therefore proves nothing, that a plural form
was used.
The other three forms are not plural, I would say. They are
all from one form of root, and that the weakest in the language.
They are from what is called " Lamedh He " verbs. Originally
these were "lamedh wav" or " lamedh yodh" verbs, though some
think they were bi-literal roots, that a weak letter was added at
the end of the primary root, and thus they were made tri-literal.
(See note, in Nordheimer's Grammar, under section 439, also
Gesenius' Grammar, section 103 : 3 and foot-note, where it is
stated that these words may be traced back to singular forms.)

16 NOTE ON JONAH.
The Rabbis in Aben Ezra's time thought that alaiv, ailaiv, and
adaiv were plural forms, and they look like them ; but the
scholarship of the present day would, I think, regard them as
singular forms, the weak letter he being supplanted by the return
of the original yodh.
Aben Ezra, is the only one of the great Rabbis of the past
who has undertaken to explain this plural use of ' ' Elohim, ' ' as far
as I have seen. His argument is based mainly on the usage of
language generally and as far as the Hebrew is concerned, lie
fails to prove it. He notices the fact that the verb "create " is in
the singular with its plural nominative, but that only shows that
there is unity in its plurality, since the word is a peculiar name
of Deity and is sui generis.
I quote from Dr. Roy's dictionary as follows: "Rabbi
Solomon ben Joachi says on the sixth section of Leviticus :
' Come and behold the wonderful mystery in the word "Elohim;"
there are three degrees, and each degree distinct and by itself,
and yet they are all one, and formed together in one, and are
not divided nor separated from each other.' "
Matthew Poole makes this same quotation from Rabbi Joachi,
and he remarks on Bara Elohim in Gen. 1:1: "Ad verbum
creavit DU, insinuatur his pluralitas in Deo cum unitate [licat
Judsei conentur frivole refellere] " : and he adds, as making
this remark, the names of "Munster," "Paulus Fagius,"
"Piscator," and "Ainsworth."
It is a traditional Unitarian bias that makes " Elohim " to be,
simply, a plural of excellency.

NOTES TO HOSEA.

Hosea was a Prophet of the Northern Kingdom; i. e., of
Israel. It was S00 to 725 b. c. The kingdom of Israel lasted 254
years (975 to 721). It was destroyed 720 b. c. by Shalmanezar's
deporting the people into Assyria. See 1 Kings 17 : 6 and 18 : 9.
Hosea writes of last things, as follows in part : —
1 : 4, 5, A battle of "Jezreel," yet to be.
1:5, "in that day," a prophetic formula, referring to the
second coming of Jesus. So also at 2 : 18, 19, 22, and 1 : 7.
2:2, or 1 : 11 English Version, "day of Jezreel."
3 : 5, "the end of the days " relates to the future.
4 : 12, "worshiping wood," idolatry to be.
5 : 5 and 7 : 10, "The Proud one," i. e., Anti-Christ. ,
5:8, " He " is the Anti-Christ.
5 : 11, Anti-Christ.
5 : 13 and 10 : 6, King " Jareb " will be Anti-Christ.
5 : 14, The " Great Tribulation " of Daniel.
7:2, the "King " is Anti-Christ.
7:5, Anti-Christ inaugurated "King."
8 : 1, An "Eagle," the Anti-Christ.
3, " Enemy " is Anti-Christ.
5, "He" is Anti-Christ.
10, " King of princes " is Anti-Christ.
9 : 3, the " Slayer " is Anti-Christ.
10:2, "He" and "He" are Anti-Christ.
10, The nations under Anti-Christ.
12, second coming of Jesus.
14, ' ' Shalman ' ' is probably Anti-Christ.
15, King of Israel is Anti-Christ.
11 : 5, "Assyrian" is Anti-Christ.
9, second coming of Jesus.
13 : 9, The "King" is Anti-Christ.
15, He that spoils is Anti-Christ.
2 [17]

18 H08EA.
CHAPTER I.
1 The word of Jehovah that came unto Hosea, Son of Beairi ;
in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Achaz, Jechizchiyah, kings of
Judah : and in the days of Jeroboam son of Joash, king of Israel.
2 The beginning of the word of Jehovah by Hosea: and
Jehovah said unto Hosea, go take to thee a wife of whoredoms
and children of whoredoms ; for the land shall certainly commit
whoredom ; from following Jehovah.
3 And he went and took ; Gomer, daughter of Diblayim : and
she conceived and she bare to him a son.
4 And Jehovah said unto him ; call his name Jezreel : for yet
a little, and I will visit the blood of Jezreel upon the house of
Jehu ; and I will cause to cease ; the kingdom of the house of
Israel. 5 And it shall be, "in that day " : [a future prophecy] that I
will break'the bow of Israel ; in the valley of Jezreel.
6 And she conceived again, and she bare a daughter ; and he
said to him ; call her name ' 'Lo-ruchamah :" f or I will not yet have
mercy with the house of Israel that I should freely pardon them.
7 But with the house of Judah I will have mercy ; and I will
save them by Jehovah their God ; and I will not save them by
bow, nor by sword, nor by battle ; by horses nor by horsemen.
[This miracle is to occur when Jesus returns.]
8 And she weaned Lo-ruchamah : and she conceived and
bare a son.
9 And He said : call his name " Lo-Ammi " : for ye are not
my people ; and I will not be for you.
CHAPTER II.
1 [In Hebrew Bible or 1 : 10 in English version.] And the
number of the children of Israel shall be like the sand of the
sea ; which cannot be measured nor counted ; and it shall be in
the place where it shall be said to them ye are not my people ;
it shall be said of them "sons of the living God."
2 [The future union of the two nations here predicted.] And
they the children of Judah and the children of Israel shall be
gathered together ; and they shall put one head to them, and they
shall ascend from the earth : for great [shall be] the day of
Jezreel. [This will be a second miracle, the first is in 1 : 7.]

HOSEA. , 19
3 Say ye to your brethren, "My people : " and to your sisters,
"beloved." 4 Contend ye against your mother, contend ye ; for she is not
my wife ; and I am not her husband : let her now remove her
whoredoms, from before her; and her adulteries from between
her breasts.
5 Lest I shall strip her naked ; and I shall set her; as in the
day she was born : and I shall place her like thc wilderness, and
set her in a dry land ; and I shall kill her with thirst.
6 And I will not have pity with her children: for they are*
children of whoredoms.
7 For their mother has whored ; she that conceived them has
caused shame : for she hath said, I will go after my lovers, the
givers of my bread and my water ; my wool and my flax ; my oil
and my drinK.
8 Therefore behold me hedging thy way with thorns: and I
will build her wall ; and her paths she shall not find.
9 And she shall pursue her lovers, and shall not overtake
them ; and she shall seek them, but shall not find them : and she
shall say, I will go and I will return unto my first husband ; for
it was then better to me than now.
10 And she did not acknowledge that I have given to her ;
the corn and the new wine and oil : and that I have multiplied
silver to her, and gold they have offered to the Baal.
11 Therefore I will return, and I will take my corn in its
time ; and my new wine in its season : and I will snatch away
my wool and my flax ; for covering their nakedness.
12 And now, I will reveal their folly, to the eyes of hei
lovers : and no man shall deliver her from my hand.
13 And I will cause all her gladness to cease ; her festival,
her new moon and her Sabbath : and all her appointed
feasts. 14 And I will destroy her vine and her fig tree ; which she
said a gift they are to me ; which my lovers have given to me :
and I will make them for a forest ; and the beast of the field
shall consume them.
15 And I will visit upon her, the days of the Baalim, when
she used to burn incense to them ; and she decked herself with
her earrings and her jewelry; and she went after her lovers:
and me she forgot, saith Jehovah.

20 HOSEA.
16 Therefore, behold I am persuading her ; and I will bring
her to the wilderness : and I will speak to her heart.
17 'And I will give to her her vineyards from thence ; and the
valley of Achor for a door of expectation : and she shall sing
there like the days of her youth ; and like the day of her coming
up from the land of Egypt.
18 And it shall be "in that day" [a prophetic formula] saith
Jehovah ; thou shalt call me my husband : and -thou shalt not
call me again my baal.
19 And I will remove the names of the Baalim from her
mouth : and they shall not be remembered again by their name.
20 And I will ratify to them a covenant in that day [of His
second coming] ; with the beast of the field and with the fowl of
the heaven ; and the creeping things of the ground : and bow
and sword and war I will break from the earth ; and I will cause
them to lie down confidently.
21 And I will betroth thee to me forever : yea I will betroth
the? to me in righteousness and in judgment ; and in mercy and
in compassion. 22 And I will betroth thee to me in faith : and thou shalt
know Jehovah.
23 And it shall be in that day [of His second coming], I will
answer saith Jehovah I will answer the heavens : and they, they
shall answer the earth.
24 And the earth shall answer the corn, and the new wine
and the oil : and they, they shall answer Jezreel.
25 And I will sow her to me in the land : and I will have
compassion with Lo-ruchamrh : and I will say to Lo-Ammi
thou art my people, and he shall say "My God."
CHAPTER III.
1 And Jehovah said unto me, Go again, love a woman
beloved of a friend, and an adulteress : like the love of Jehovah
with the children of Israel ; and they are turning to other Gods ;
and are lovers of grape cakes.
2 And I bought her for myself ; with fifteen of silver and a
chomer of barley and a lethek of barley.
3 And I said unto her, many days thou shalt abide [true] to
me ; thou shalt not whore ; nor shalt thou be to [another] man :
and I also [will be true] unto thee.

HOSEA. 21
4 For many days, the children of Israel shall abide ; without
a King, and without a Prinoe ; and without a sacrifice, and
without a standing image : and without an ephod or teraphim.
5 After that the children of Israel shall return ; and they
shall seek Jehovah their God ; and David their King : and they
shall fear on account of Jehovah and on account of His good
ness, in the end of the days. [This is also a prophetic formula
marking the return of Jesus]. CHAPTER IV.
1 Hear ye the word of Jehovah O children of Israel : for
there is contention of Jehovah, with the inhabitants of the
land ; for there is no truth and there is no mercy and there is
no knowledge of God in the land.
2 There is swearing and lying ; and murdering and stealing
and committing adultery : they have broken out and blood
against blood have touched.
3 Therefore the land shall mourn, and every inhabitant in
it languishing, with the beasts of the field, and with the fowl
of the heavens : and even the fishes of the sea shall be taken
away. 4 Only a man should not strive nor seek to set right another :
and thy people are like striving with the priests.
5 And thou shalt stumble by day ; and the prophet shall
stumble with thee at night : and I will destroy thy mother.
6 My people have been destroyed for lack of the knowledge :
for those, the knowledge thou hast rejected, and I will reject
thee from being a priest to me ; seeing that thou hast forgotten
the law of thy God ; I will forget thy sons, even I.
7 According as they multiplied they sinned against me : their
glory into shame I will change.
8 The sin-offering of my people they will eat : and they shall
each one bear the guilt of their iniquity.
9 And it shall be as to the people so to the priest : and I
will visit his ways upon him and his doings I will recompense
to him. 10 And they shall eat, but they shall not be satisfied ; they
have whored, but they shall not increase : for they have ceased
to observe Jehovah.

22 HOSEA.
11 Whoredom and wine and new wine, will take the heart.
12 My people will ask of its wood [as to the future] ; and its
staff will tell it : for a spirit of whoredom has seduced ; and they
have whored from under their God.
13 Upon the tops of the mountains they would sacrifice, and
upon the hills they would burn incense ; under the oak and
poplar, and the terebinths, for her shade is good : therefore your
daughters shall whore, and your daughters in law shall commit
adultery. 14 I will not inflict punishment upon your daughters when
they shall whore; nor upon your daughters in law when they
shall commit adultery; for they with harlots go aside; and
with holy maidens they will sacrifice : and a people that will
not understand shall be prostrated.
15 If thou art whoring, O Israel ; let not Judah be guilty :
and ye shall not come to Gilgal, nor shall ye ascend to Bethaven ;
nor shall ye be sworn "Jehovah liveth."
16 For Israel has been refractory like a refractory cow : now,
Jehovah will feed them like a lamb in a broad place.
17 Ephraim is bound to idols : let him alone.
18 Their carousal is gone: whoring they have whored: her
shields have loved, they have loved shame.
19 The wind hath bound her up in its wings : and they shall
be ashamed because of their sacrifices.
CHAPTER V.
1 Hear ye this O Priests, and attend O house of Israel, and
hearken ye O house of the King; for to you is the judgment:
for ye have been a snare to Mizpah ; and a net, spread upon
Tabor. 2 And slaughtering they that have turned aside have acted
deeply : and I [will be] a chastisement for them all.
3 I have known Ephraim ; and Israel has not been hid from
me : for now thou hast whored, O Ephraim ; thou hast become
unclean, O Israel.
4 They will not give up their doings to return unto their God :
for the spirit of whoredoms is in their midst ; and they have not
known Jehovah.
5 And the Proud one of Israel, [the Anti-Christ to be] shall
speak before him : and Ephraim and Israel shall be stumbled in

HOSEA. 23
their iniquity ; even Judah has begun to stumble with them.
[In supporting claims of the A. C]
6 With their flocks and with their herds will they go to seek
Jehovah, and shall not find [Him] : He has withdrawn from
them. 7 Against Jehovah they have acted treacherously ; for they
have begotten strange children : now, a month shall consume
them with their portion. [This is all future under the A. C]
[Begins a new paragraph and a new, though related, subject] :
8 Blow ye the Cornet in Gibeah ; the Trumpet in Ramah ;
the war-cry Bethaven ; He [the A. C] is after thee O Benjamin.
9 Ephraim shall be for a desolation ; in the day of punish
ment : among the tribes of Israel I have made [it] known, it is
sure. 10 The princes of Judah have been ; like the drawers back of
the boundary line : upon them ; I will pour out my wrath like
water. 11 Ephraim is oppressed, he is broken in pieces by judgment :
for he was willing ; he went according to the commandment.
[To be issued by the A. C]
12 And I will be like the moth to Ephraim : and like the rot
to the house of Judah.
13 And Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah his sore ; and
Ephraim went to Assyria ; and he sent unto king Jareb : [a name
for the A. C] and he shall not be able to heal you ; nor shall he
cure any of you of the sore.
14 For I shall be as the lion to Ephraim ; and like the 3roung
lion to the house of Judah : I, I, I will tear in pieces, and I will
go away ; I will carry off, and there is none delivering.
15 I will go away, I will return unto my place ; until that
they shall suffer the punishment of their guilt, and they shall
seek my face : in their distress [the Great Tribulation foretold by
Daniel] they shall seek me early.
CHAPTER VI.
1 [At the end of the Great Tribulation they say : ] Come ye,
and we will return unto Jehovah ; for He has torn and He will
heal us : He hath smitten and he will bind us up.
2 He will revive us after two days : on the third day He will
raise us up, and we shall live before Him.

24 HOSEA.
3 And we shall know, we shall follow on to know Jehovah ;
His going forth is fixed like the morning : and He shall come to
us as the rain ; like the latter rain shall water the earth.
4 What shall I do to thee O Ephraim ; what shall I do to
thee O Judah : seeing that your favor is like a cloud of the
morning ; and is going like the early dew :
5 Therefore, I have hewed down by the prophets ; I have
slain them by the words of my mouth : and thy judgments are
as a light shall go forth.
6 For I have delighted in mercy, and not sacrifice : and
knowledge of God, more than burnt offerings.
7 But they! like Adam have transgressed the Covenant : there
they have acted treacherously against me.
8 Gilead ! is a city of workers of iniquity: marked with
blood. 9 And as troops lying in wait for man, a company of priests ;
on the road to Shechem they will murder : for they have acted
an evil thought.
10 In the house of Israel ; I have seen a horrible thing : there
is whoredom to Ephraim ; Israel has been defiled.
11 Also O Judah ; he hath placed a harvest for thee : on my
returning the captivity of my people.
CHAPTER VII.
1 About the time of my healing to Israel then the iniquity of
Ephraim shall be revealed and the wickedness of Samaria ; for
they have wrought a lie : and the thief shall come ; a troop has
stripped without.
2 And they shall not say to their heart [that] I remember all
their wickedness : now their deeds have surrounded them ; they
have been before my face.
3 In their wickedness they shall make glad the King : [Anti-
Christ] and with their lies the princes.
4 All of them are adulterers ; like an oven heated by the
baker : he shall cease from stirring ; from kneading the dough,
until it is leavened.
5 On the day of [the inauguration of] our King [Anti-Christ]
the princes became sick with heat of wine : he [the King] has
held out his hand with scorners.

HOSEA. . 25
6 For they have drawn their heart near like an oven in their
plot : all the night their baker is sleeping; in the morning ! it is
burning like a flame of fire.
7 All of them shall he heated like the oven ; and they shall
consume their judges : all their Kings have fallen ; there is none
among them calling unto me.
8 Ephraim ; among the peoples, he shall mix himself :
Ephraim has been a cake not turned.
9 Strangers have devoured his strength; and he did not
know it : yea, gray hair is sprinkled upon him ; and he has not
known it.
10 And the Proud one of Israel shall speak before him : and
they shall not turn unto Jehovah their God ; nor shall they seek
Him for all this.
11 And Ephraim was ; as a simple dove, without heart : to
Egypt they called, to Assyria they went.
12 As soon as they shall go I will spread my net over them ;
like as a bird of the heaven I will bring them down : I will
chastise them ; as a report to their congregation.
13 Woe to them ! for they have wandered from me ; destruc
tion is to them, for the}' have transgressed against me : and I,
I will redeem them ; but they ; they have spoken lies against me.
14. And they have not cried unto me with their heart ; but
they shall howl upon their beds : on account of corn and new
wine they shall assemble themselves, they shall rebel against me.
15 And I, I admonished ; I strengthened their arms : and
against me they will impute evil.
16 They shall return, not to the Most High ; They have been
like a deceitful bow ; their princes shall fall by the sword, for
the anger of their tongue : this shall be for a derision in the land
of Egypt. CHAPTER VIII.
1 The cornet to thy mouth ; like an eagle [the Anti-Christ
cometh] against the house of Jehovah : because they have
passed over my covenant ; and against my law have they
transgressed. 2 To me, they shall cry : My God, we, Israel, have known thee.
3 [God replies] Israel has cast off good : the enemy [A. C]
shall pursue him.

26 HOSEA.
4 They have caused Kings to reign, but not from me ; they
have made princes and I knew it not : [At Isa. 10 : 8 the A. C.
boasts that his princes are all kings] of their silver and their
gold they have made idols for themselves ; in order that he
[Israel] may be cut off.
5 He [the A. C] hath cast away thy calf, O Samaria; my
anger is kindled against them : how long ! they will not attain
to innocency. 6 For it is from Israel, and it ; a carpenter made it ; and it
is no God : for it shall become flames ; the calf of Samaria.
7 For they shall sow the wind and they shall reap the whirl
wind : there is no standing corn, the shoot shall not make meal ;
peradventure it should make it strangers shall swallow it down.
8 Israel has been swallowed down : now they have become
among the nations wherein is no delight.
9 For they have gone up to Assyria ; a wild ass alone to him
self : Ephraim, they have hired lovers.
10 Even, though they shall hire among the nations now I will
gather them : and they shall begin to be few ; from the burden
of the King of Princes [*. e., the Anti-Christ].
11 Because Ephraim hath multiplied altars to sin : altars
have been to him to sin.
12 I would write for him the many things of my law: [but]
they were counted a strange thing.
13 [Of] My sacrificial offerings they are accustomed to slay
flesh and eat ; Jehovah has not accepted them : now He will re
member their iniquity, and He will punish their sin ; they shall
return to Egypt [Deut. 28 : 68, in ships] .
14 And Israel hath forgotten his maker, and he has built
palaces ; and Judah ; hath multiplied buttressed cities : and I
will send a fire in his cities ; and I will consume her palaces.
CHAPTER IX.
1 Do not be glad, O Israel, for exultation like the peoples ;
for thou hast committed whoredom from thy God : thou hast
loved a gift upon all threshing floors of corn.
2 The threshing floor and the wine vat shall not feed them :
and the new wine shall fail in her.
3 They shall not dwell in the land of Jehovah : but Ephraim
shall return to Egypt ; and in Assyria they shall eat the unclean.

HOSEA. 27
4 They shall not pour out wine to Jehovah, nor shall they be
pleasing to Him : their slain offerings shall be to them as the
bread of mourners ; all its eaters shall be polluted : for their
bread is for themselves : it shall not come into the house of
Jehovah. 5 What will ye do for the day of the assembly : even for the
day of the feast of Jehovah.
6 For, behold, they are gone away because of the destruction
[future] ; Egypt shall gather them up, Moph shall bury them :
that which is desirable of their silver, nettles shall possess them ;
the thorn shall be in their tents.
7 The days of the visitation have come, the days of the retri
bution have come ; Israel shall acknowledge it : a fool was the
prophet, a madman the man of spirit because of the greatness of
thy iniquity ; and the great enmit}-.
8 Ephraim is watching with my God : [for help or to see
what He will do] the prophet shall be a snare of a fowler in all
his ways ; enmity shall be in the house of his God.
9 They have deeply corrupted themselves as the days of
Gibeah : He will remember their iniquity ; He will punish their
sins. 10 Like the grapes in the wilderness, I have found Israel ;
like the first ripe in the fig tree, in her beginning, I had seen
your fathers : they, they came to Baal Peor, and the}' were sepa
rated to that shame ; and they were abominable like that they
loved. 11 Ephraim ; their glory shall fly away like the bird : there
shall be no birth, or pregnancy or conception.
12 But if they should rear up their children ; yet I would
bereave them from there being a man : but woe also to them on
my departing from them.
-13 I have seen Ephraim like to Tyre planted in a pleasant
place : but Ephraim is to bring out to the slayer [A. C] his chil
dren. 14 Give to them, Jehovah, what thou will give : Give to
them a miscarrying womb and dry breasts.
15 All their wickedness is in Gilgal, for there I have hated
them ; on account of the wickedness of their doings I will drive
them from my house : I will not love them any more ; all their
princes are revolters.

28 HOSEA.
16 Ephraim has been smitten ; their root is dried up, they
shall bear no fruit : yea, if they shall beget ; yet would I slay the
treasures of their belly.
17 My God will reject them, for they have not hearkened
unto Him : and they shall be wanderers among the nations.
CHAPTER X.
1 Israel is a spreading vine ; fruit it shall set to itself : ac
cording to the abundance of his fruit he hath multiplied the
Altars ; according to the goodness of his land they have made
good images.
2 Their heart is smooth, now shall they suffer the punish
ment of their guilt : he, [the A. C] shall cut off their altars ; he
[A. C] will destroy their images.
3 For, now they will say, there is no King to us : for we have
not feared Jehovah ; and the King what shall he do for us ?
4 They have spoken words ; swearing falsely to ratify a
covenant: and judgment shall spring up like a poisonous herb
upon the furrows of the field.
5 Because of the calves of Beth-aven ; they shall fear, [every]
dweller of Samaria : for its people have mourned on its account,
and its idolatrous priests would rejoice over its glory, but that it
has disappeared from it.
6 Also it to Assyria shall be brought ; a present to King Jareb
[the A. C] : shame Ephraim shall receive ; and Israel shall be
ashamed because of his counsel.
7 As for-Samaria her King has been cut off : like a chip upon
the face of the waters.
8 And the high places of Aven, the sin of Israel shall be de
stroyed ; thorn and thistle ; shall ascend upon their altars : and
they shall say to the mountains cover ye us ; and to the hills fall
ye upon us.
9 From the days of Gibeah ; thou hast sinned, O Israel : there
they have stood ; war against the children of iniquity did not
overtake them in Gibeah.
10 It is in my desire and I will chastise them : and the na
tions shall be gathered together [under the A. C] against them ;
when they are bound for their two iniquities [the two calves].
11 And Ephraim is a well-taught heifer loving to thresh ;

HOSEA. 29
but I have passed over on her fair neck : I will cause Ephraim to
ride, Judah shall plow ; Jacob shall break his clods for him.
12 Sow to yourselves for righteousness, reap according to
kindness ; cultivate for yourselves virgin soil : seeing that it is
time to seek Jehovah ; until He shall come [second coming] and
He shall teach righteousness to you.
13 Ye have plowed wickedness, ye have reaped iniquity, ye
have eaten the fruit of lying : because thou hast -confided in thy
way, in the multitude of thy mighty men.
14 And a tumult shall arise against thy people, and all thy
fortresses shall be destroyed ; according to the destruction of
Shalman [A. C. ?] at Beth-arbel in the day of battle : the mother
upon her children was dashed to pieces. [Nothing is known
concerning this devastation, because it is yet future.]
15 Like this Bethel has done to you ; because of the wicked
ness of your wickedness : in the early morning ! the King of
Israel [A. C] shall certainly be cut off.
CHAPTER XI.
1 When Israel was young then I loved him : and I called to
my son out of Egypt.
2 They called to them : so they went from before them ; to
the Baalim they used to sacrifice ; and to the graven images they
used to burn incense.
3 And I, I taught to Ephraim to walk ; taking them by his
arms : and they knew not that I healed them.
4 With cords of a man I used to draw them, with chains of
love ; and I was to them as those who lift up the yoke upon their
jaws : and gently toward him I caused [him] to eat.
5 He shall not return to Egypt ; seeing that the Assyrian
[A. C] he is his King : because they refused to return.
6 And the sword shall whirl about in his cities ; and shall
consume his bars and devour them : because of their own
devices. 7 And my people are hung in suspense for my return : and
unto the Most High they will call for Him ; together they will
not exalt.
8 How shall I give thee up O Ephraim, shall I deliver thee, O
Israel ; how shall I give thee up as Admah ; shall I place thee as

30 HOSEA.
Zeboim : my heart has been turned within me ; my compassions
have been kindled together.
9 I will not execute the fierceness of my anger ; I will not re
turn [second coming] to destroy Ephraim : for I am God and
not man ; the Holy One in thy midst ; and I will not come [sec
ond coming] in wrath.
10 After Jehovah [when he comes] they will go, like a lion
He shall roar : when He shall roar then the children [the Jews]
shall hasten together from the West.
11 They shall hasten together as a bird out of Egypt ; and as
a dove from the land of Assyria : and I will cause them to dwell
in their own houses saith Jehovah.
CHAPTER XII.
1 Ephraim hath surrounded me with lying ; and the house
of Israel with deceit : and Judah yet rambles away against God ;
and with the Holy Ones [the Trinity] is he faithful.
2 Ephraim is feeding on wind ; and pursuing the East
Wind ; all the day ! Lying and destruction he will cause to
increase : and a covenant with Assyria [see Isaiah 28-15, 17]
they will ratify ; and oil to Egypt shall be carried.
3 And a controversy [shall he] to Judah from Jehovah : and
to punish Jacob according to his ways ; according to his deeds
He will recompense him.
4 In the belly he took his brother by the heel : and by his
strength he strove with God.
5 And he strove with the Angel and prevailed ; he wept and
he himself made supplication to Him : at Bethel he used to find
Him ; and there He used to speak with us.
6 Even Jehovah, God of Hosts : Jehovah is His manchild.
7 And thou, unto thy God thou shalt return : mercy and judg
ment keep thou ; and wait for thy God continually. [The verb
"wait " means to do so with expectation for His coming] .
8 As for Canaan, in his hand are the scales of deceit, he
loveth to oppress.
9 And Ephraim said ; truly I am rich ; I have found wealth
for myself: it is all my labor; they will not find against me
iniquity that is. sin.
10 And I am Jehovah thy God from the land of Egypt:

HOSEA. 31
again, I will cause thee to dwell in tents as in the days of the
solemn feast.
11 And I used to speak by the prophets ; and I, a vision I
have multiplied : and by the ministry of the prophets I would
use similitudes.
12 Is Gilead vain, they have only become nothing; in Gilgal
they will sacrifice oxen : even their altars are like waves upon
the furrows of the field.
13 And Jacob fled to the field of Syria : and Israel served on
account of a wife ; and on account of a wife he kept guard.
14 And by a prophet Jehovah brought Israel up from Egypt :
and by a prophet he was guarded.
15 Ephraim has provoked most bitterly : and his blood he
shall leave upon him ; and his reproach his Lord shall return
to him. CHAPTER XIII.
1 When Ephraim spake there was terror ; he exalted himself
in Israel : and he became guilty in the matter of Baal and he
died. 2 And now they continue to sin, and they make for them
selves molten images from their silver, idols according to their
understanding ; the manufacture of the Artificer, all of it : to
them they are saying ; the sacrifices [among] men should kiss
the calves.
3 Therefore, they shall be like a cloud of the morning ; and
like the early dew is going ; as chaff shall blow away from the
threshing floor ; and like smoke out of the window.
4 And I, am Jehovah thy God from the land of Egypt : and
thou shalt know no God beside me ; and there is no Saviour ex
cept me.
5 I knew thee in the wilderness : in the land of burning tents.
6 According to their pasturing so were they filled ; they were
filled and their heart was lifted up : therefore they forgat me.
7 And I became to them as a lion : like a leopard I would
watch by the way.
8 I used to meet them as a bear bereaved ; and I would tear
open the enclosure of their heart : and I would eat them there
like a lioness ; [like] the beast of the field would tear them in
pieces.

32 HOSEA.
9 O Israel he [the King, A. C] has corrupted thee, but in me
is thy help.
10 I will be thy King now ; and he shall save thee in all thy
cities : and thy judges ; of whom thou didst say ; give me a
King and princes.
11 I will give thee a King [A. C] in my anger ; and I will take
[him] away in my wrath.
12 Bound up in the iniquity of Ephraim ; hidden is his sin.
13 The pains of a travailing woman shall come to him : he is
an unwise son ; for it is a time he should, not stand in the
breaking forth of children.
14 From the power of Sheol I will ransom them ; from death
I will redeem them : I will be thy destruction O Death, I will be
thy cutting off O Sheol ; repentance shall be hidden from my
eyes. 15 For he ; among brethren shall bear fruit : an East wind,
a wind of Jehovah shall come, ascending in the wilderness and
shall dry up his spring and make his fountain dry ; he [A. C]
shall spoil ; the treasure of all the vessels of delight.
CHAPTER XIV.
1 Samaria shall suffer the punishment of her guilt ; for she
hath rebelled against her God : by the sword they shall fall ; her
children shall be dashed to pieces ; and her pregnant women
shall be ripped up.
2 Return O Israel ; to Jehovah thy God : for thou hast
stumbled by thine iniquity.
3 Take ye with you, words ; and return unto Jehovah : say
ye unto Him, wilt thou forgive all iniquity and receive us
graciously ; then shall we requite the fruit of our lips.
4 Asshur shall not save us, upon horses we shall not ride ;
and not shall we say again to the manufacture of our hands
" Our Gods : " for in thee the fatherless shall find mercy.
5 I will heal their apostasy ; I will love them freely : for my
anger is returned from him.
6 I will be as the dew to Israel : he shall blossom like the
lily : and strike his roots like the Lebanon.
7 His sucklings shall go forth ; and his beauty shall be as the
olive : and a scent to him like the Lebanon.

HOSEA. 33
8 The dwellers in His [the Jehovah man's] shade shall re
turn ; they shall revive as corn and blossom as the vine : His
manchild [the Jehovah man] shall be as the wine of Lebanon.
9 Ephraim [shall say] what have I to do any more with idols :
I, I have answered him and I will observe him, I [will be] to him
like a green cypress ; from me thy fruit is found.
10 Who is wise and he shall understand these things? prudent
and he shall know them : for right are the ways of Jehovah,
and the righteous shall walk in them ; but the transgressors
shall stumble against them.

JOEL.

Joel was one of the earlier . prophets. He lived in the '
Southern Kingdom. Some make him to have prophesied even
earlier than Jonah, 870-865, b. c, while others locate him
about 800 b. c. The grand subject before him was "the day
of Jehovah " in all its extent. The Jews are restored ; and the
whole eastern world is redivivus ; and the Millenial Kingdom
comes. He gives an account of an unparalleled calamity, and as
it is to happen in "the day of the Lord," it is yet future. My
explanatory notes are inserted in the text.
CHAPTER I.
1 The word of Jehovah that came unto Joel the son of
Pethuel. 2 Hear ye this, the old men ; and give ear all the inhabitants
of the land : hath this been in your days ; or, in the days of
your fathers ?
3 Concerning it, tell ye [of it] to your children : and your
children to their children ; and their children to another
generation. 4 The leaving of the gnawing locust hath the swarming
locust eaten ; and the leaving of the swarming locust hath the
licking locust eaten : and the leaving of the licking locust hath
the consuming locust eaten.
5 Wake up ye drunkards, and weep ye ; and howl ye, all
drinkers of wine : on account of the new wine : for it hath been
cut off from your mouth.
[A new subject begins here.]
6 For a nation [the Northerner of 2 : 20] has ascended upon
my land ; numerous, yea without number : his [men's] teeth are
the teeth of a lion [this cannot be spoken of locusts] and the
cheek teeth of a lioness are to him [the Anti-Christ leader.]
7 He [A. C] hath placed my vine for a desolation ; and my
[34]

JOEL. 35
fig tree for chips : he [A. C] hath made [it] olean bare and cast
it away ; they [his troops] have made white its branches.
8 Lament thou, like a virgin girded with sackcloth, on
account of the betrothed of her youth.
9 The meal and drink offering have been cut off from the
house of Jehovah : the priests the servants of Jehovah have
mourned. 10 The field has been laid waste ; the ground has mourned :
for the corn is laid waste ; dried up is the new wine, the new
oil is languishing.
11 The husbandmen have become ashamed, howl ye vine-
yardists ; on account of the wheat and on account of the barley :
for the harvest of the field is perished.
12 The vine is made ashamed ; and the fig tree is languishing :
the pomegranate, also the palm tree and the apple, all the trees
of the field have dried up; for joy hath dried up from the
children of men.
13 Gird yourselves and lament O Priests, howl ye servants of
the Altar ; come ye, lodge ye in sackcloth ye servants of my
God : for there has been withheld from the house of your God the
meal offering and the drink offering.
14 Sanctify ye a fast, call ye a solemn assembly ; gather ye
the Elders, all the dwellers of the land ; to the house of Jehovah
your God : and cry ye unto Jehovah.
15 Alas, for the da}' : for near is the day of Jehovah ; and as a
destruction from the Almighty it shall come.
16 Is it not before our eyes food has been cut off : from the
house of our God gladness and joy ?
17 The grains have rotted underneath their clods ; the store
houses have become desolate ; the barns have been pulled down .
for the corn is dried up.
18 How the cattle groan, how the herds of cattle have been
perplexed ; for there is no pasture for them : even the flocks of
sheep have been suffering.
19 Unto thee, Jehovah, I will call : for a fire has consumed
the pastures of the wilderness ; and a flame hath kindled all the
trees of the field.
20 Also the beasts of the field shall bleat unto thee : for the
brooks of waters have dried up ; and a fire : has consumed the
pastures of the field-

36 JOEL.
CHAPTER II.
1 Blow ye the [shepherd's] horn in Zion, and sound an alarm
on my holy mountain ; they shall tremble ; all the inhabitants of
the land : for the day of Jehovah cometh, for it is near.
2 A day of darkness and of gloom, a day of cloud and thick
darkness ; like dawn spread upon the mountains : a people great
and numerous ; like it, there has not been from eternity ; and
after it there shall not be again through the years of endless
generations. 3 Before him [A. C] a fire has consumed and behind him
[A. C] a flame shall kindle: as the garden of Eden the earth
was before Mto [A. C] and after him [A. C] a desolate wilder
ness ; and even an escaped one was not to him [that is, there were
no escapes].4 Like the appearance of horses was his [men's] appearance :
and like horsemen, so they shall run.
5 Like the noise of chariots, upon the tops of the mountains
they shall dance ; like the noise of a flaming fire consuming the
stubble : like a numerous people arrayed for war.
6 From before him [A. C] the people shall writhe : all faces
shall gather paleness.
7 Like mighty men shall they run ; like men of War they
shall ascend a wall : and each in his ways they shall go ; and
they shall not alter their course.
8 And no one shall urge another ; each in his path they shal]
go : and when upon the weapon they shall fall ; they shall not
cut themselves.
9 In the city they shall run about, by the wall they shall run ;
into houses they shall ascend : on account of the windows they
shall enter in like the thief.
10 [The Lord's day has now come] Before Him [Christ] the
earth trembled ; the heavens shook ; the sun and moon gathered
blackness ; and the stars, withheld their shining.
11 And Jehovah uttered his voice before his [A. C's.] army;
for exceedingly great is his camp [A. C's] for numerous are the
doers of his Word: but great shall be "the day of Jehovah"
and exceedingly dreadful and who can abide it?
12 And even now Jehovah saith ; return ye unto me with all
your heart : and with fasting and weeping and with lamentation.

JOEL. 37
13 And rend your hearts and not your garments ; and return
ye unto Jehovah your God : for gracious and merciful He shall
be ; slow of anger, and great kindness ; and He will repent Him
self of the evil.
14 Who knoweth [or acknowledged] He may return and
repent : and cause to remain after Him a blessing ; a meal offer
ing and a drink offering to Jehovah your God.
15 [In response to Jehovah's invitation in verses 12 and 13 a
call will be made as in verses 15, 16, and 17.] Blow ye the
[shepherd's] horn in Zion : sanctify a fast, call a solemn
assembly. 16 Collect ye the people, sanctify the congregation, gather the
elders ; Collect the children ; and the sucklings of the breast : the
bridegroom shall go out of his inner apartment ; and the bride
from her bridal chamber.
17 Between the porch and the altar ; the priests ; the ser
vants of Jehovah shall weep : and they shall say Spare thy peo
ple Jehovah, and do. not give their inheritance to a reproach, for
the nations to speak a proverb against them ; why should they
say among the people "where is their God."
18 And Jehovah was jealous for his land : and He had pity
for His people.
19 And Jehovah answered and He said to His people, Behold
I am sending to you the corn, and the new wine and the new oil ;
and ye shall be satisfied therewith : and I will not make you
again a reproach among the nations.
20 And the Northerner [the Assyrian, or Anti-Christ] I will
remove far from you, and I will cast him into a dry Desolate
land : with his face, toward the East Sea and his rearward to the
Western Sea : and his stink shall ascend, and his stench shall
mount up because he has magnified (himself) to do [great things].
2L Do not fear, O Land : rejoice and be glad ; for J'ehovah
has magnified to do.
22 Do not ye fear, O beasts of' the field ; for the pastures of
the wilderness have germinated : for the tree has borne its fruit ;
the fig tree and the vine have given out their strength.
23 And the sons of Zion, rejoice ye and be ye glad in Jehovah
your God ; for He has given to you the teacher for righteousness :
and He will cause to come down to you, the showers, the early
and the latter rain in the first [month].

38 JOEL.
24 And they shall fill up the barns with grain : and the vats
shall overflow with new wine and fresh oil.
25 And I will recompense to you the years ; which the swarm
ing locust has eaten ; the licking locust and the consuming
locust and the gnawing locust : my great army ; which I sent
among you [as stated in first five verses of first chapter] .
26 And ye shall eat, eating and being satisfied ; and ye shall
praise the name of Jehovah your God; since He has wrought
wondrously with you : and my people shall never be ashamed.
27 And ye shall know that /am in the midst of Israel ; and I
am Jehovah your God, and there is none else : and my people
shall never be ashamed. [Deliverance from the Northern army
of A. C. is now complete.] CHAPTER III.
1 And it shall be after that, I will pour out my Spirit upon
all flesh ; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy :
your old men shall dream dreams, your young men ; shall see
visions. 2 And also upon the men servants and the maid servants : in
those days ; I will pour out my spirit.
3 And I will give prodigies in the heavens, and in the earth :
blood and fire ; and pillars of smoke.
4 The sun shall be turned to darkness and the moon to blood :
before, the coming of the day of Jehovah ; the great and the
dreadful one.
5 And it shall be, every one who shall call on the name of
the Lord shall be delivered : for in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem
there shall be deliverance, according as Jehovah hath said ; and
in the remnant whom Jehovah is calling.
CHAPTER IV.
1 For behold, in those days, and in that time : when I shall
turn the captivity of Judah, and Jerusalem.
2 That I will gather all the nations ; and I will cause them
to come down into the valley of Jehoshapat : and I will judge
with them there, on account of my people and my inheritance
Israel, whom they have scattered among the nations ; and my
land they have divided.

JOEL. 39
3 And for my people they have cast a lot: and they have
given the boy for the harlot; and the girl they have sold for
wine, and they have drank.
4 And also, what are ye to me, Tyre and Zidon; and all ye
coasts of Philistia : is it a recompense, ye are requiting unto
me ? and if recompensers ye are unto me ; quickly, hastily, I
will return your recompense upon your own head.
5 Since my silver and my gold ye have taken : and the best
of my desirable things ye have brought to your Temples.
6 And the sons of Judah and the sons of Jerusalem ye have
sold to the sons of the Javanese : for the sake of removing them
from their border.
7 Behold me arousing them from the place where ye had sold
them thither : and I will turn back your recompense upon your
head. 8 And I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hands
of the sons of Judah ; and they shall sell them to the Sabeans, to
a nation afar off : for Jehovah hath spoken it.
[Begins a new paragraph and a new train of thought.]
9 Proclaim this among the nations ; sanctify a war : wake up
mighty men ; let them draw near, let them come up ; all the
men of war.
10 Beat your plowshares to swords ; and your vine cutters to
spears : the weak one ; shall say [I feel that] I am a mighty
man. 11 Hasten and come ye all nations from round about, and be
ye collected : thither ; cause thy mighty men to come down O
Jehovah. 12 The nations shall be aroused and they shall come to the
valley of Jehoshaphat: for there, I will sit to judge all the na
tions from round about.
13 Put ye in the sickle ; for the harvest is ripe : come, de
scend, for the wine press is full ; the vats, the}' overflow ; for
great is their wickedness.
14 Multitudes, multitudes ; [shall be] in the valley of decis
ion : for near is the day of Jehovah ; in the valley of decision
15 Sun and moon have darkened : and the stars have with
held their shining.
16 And Jehovah from Zion shall roar, and from Jerusalem
He shall give forth His voice ; and the heavens and the earth

40 JOEL.
shall crash : but Jehovah [shall be] the confidence of His people ;
and a stronghold for the children of Israel.
17 And ye shall know that I Jehovah am your God ; dwelling
in Zion the mountain of my holiness : and Jerusalem shall be
holy ; and strangers shall not pass over in it again.
[A new and final paragraph. A conclusion.]
18 And it shall be, in that day, the mountains shall drop down
sweet new wine, and the hills shall flow with milk ; and all the
brooks of Judah shall flow with water : and a fountain, shall go
out from the house of Judah ; and shall water the valley of
Shittim. 19 Egypt shall be for a desolation ; and Edom for a desolate
wilderness shall be : because of the violence of the song of
Judah ; when they poured out innocent blood in their land.
20 And Judah shall dwell forever : and Jerusalem for endless
generations. 21 And I will cleanse their blood [which] I have not cleansed :
and Jehovah is dwelling in Zion.

AMOS.

Amos was of the Southern Kingdom, but was commissioned to
prophesy to the Northern Kingdom. It was 810 to 785 b. c. He
writes, as did all the prophets, except perhaps Jonah, of last
things. In the last three chapters there are five visions recorded.
Then, " in that day," the Millennial Kingdom shall be set up.
CHAPTER I.
1 The words of Amos ; who was among the herdsmen of
Tekoa : which he foresaw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah
King of Judah and in the days of Jeroboam son of Jonah King of
Israel ; two years before -the earthquake.
2 And he said Jehovah shall roar from Zion ; (Joel 3 : 16 ; Jer.
25 : 30) and from Jerusalem he shall give forth his voice : and
the habitations of the shepherds shall mourn and the top of the
Carmel shall wither.
3 Thus saith Jehovah [this expression occurs five times in
this Chapter and three times in the second chapter, and relates
to the Syrians, Philistines, Phoenicians, Edomites, Ammonites,
Moabites, Judah, and Israel] on account of three transgressions of
Damascus ; and on account of four I will not revoke it : because
of their threshing Gilead with iron threshing machines. 2 Kings
10 : 32, 33.
4 But I will send a fire into the house of Hazael : and it shall
consume the palaces of Ben-hadad.
5 And I will break the bar of Damascus ; and I will cut off
the inhabitant from the plain of Aven ; and he that holdeth the
scepter from the house of Eden : and the people of Syria shall go
into captivity at Kir, Jehovah hath said.
6 Thus Jehovah hath said on account of three transgressions
of Gaza ; and on account of four I will not revoke it because of
their carrying away captive the entire captivity to deliver them
up to Edom. [41]

42 AMOS.
7 But I will send a fire on the wall of Gaza : and it shall con
sume her palaces.
8 And I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod ; and he that
is holding the scepter from Ashkelon : and I will turn my hand
against Ekron, and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish ;
the Lord Jehovah hath said.
9 Thus Jehovah hath said on account of three transgressions
of Tyre ; and on account of four, I will not revoke it because of
their delivering up the whole captivity to Edom ; and they have
not remembered the covenant of brothers.
10 But I will send a fire on the wall of Tyre : and it shall con
sume her palaces.
11 Thus Jehovah hath said ; on account of three transgres
sions of Edom ; and on account of four I will not revoke it : be
cause of his pursuing with the sword his brother and corrupted
his compassions ; and his anger tore forever and his wrath he
kept forever.
12 But I will send a fire on Teman : and it shall consume the
palaces of Bozrah.
13 Thus hath said Jehovah ; on account of three transgres
sions of the sons of Ammon ; and on account of four I will not
revoke it : because they have cleaved the pregnant women of
Gilead ; for the sake of making broad their border.
14 But I will kindle a fire on the wall of Rabbah ; and it shall
consume her palaces : On their shouting the war-cry in the
day of battle ; in a storm on the day of the whirlwind.
15 And their King shall go into captivity : he and his princes
together Jehovah hath said. CHAPTER II.
1 Thus Jehovah hath said ; concerning three transgressions
of Moab ; and concerning four I will not revoke it : on account of
his burning the bones of the King of Edom into lime.
2 But I will send a fire into Moab ; and it shall consume the
palaces of Kirioth : and Moab shall die in the tumult ; in the
war-cry, in the blast of the trumpet.
3 And I will cut off the judge from her midst : and all her
princes I will slay with him, Jehovah hath said.
4 Thus hath said Jehovah ; on account of three transgressions
of Judah ; and on account of four I will not revoke it : because

AMOS. 43
they have despised the law of Jehovah, and his commandments
they have not kept ; and their liars caused them to err as their
fathers walked after them.
5 But I will send a fire into Judah : and it shall consume the
palaces of Jerusalem.
6 Thus hath said Jehovah ; concerning three transgressions
of Israel ; and concerning four I will not revoke it : because of
their selling the righteous for money ; and the poor on account
of a pair of shoes.
7 That are panting over the dust of the earth upon the head
of the poor and the way of the afflicted they incline : and a man
and his father, will go unto the maid to profane my holy name.
8 And upon pledged garments they will incline ; beside
every altar : and the wine of the fined they will drink ; in the
house of their God.
9 But I destroyed the Amorite from before them ; whose
height was like the height of the cedars ; and he was strong like
the oaks : and I destroyed his fruit from above and his roots
from beneath.
10 And I, I brought you up from the land of Egypt : and I
led you forty years in the wilderness to possess the land of the
Amorite. 11 And I raised up from among your sons for prophets ; and
from your young men for Nazarenes : is this not so children of
Israel, Jehovah hath said.
12 And ye made the Nazarites to drink wine : and concern
ing the prophets ye commanded saying ; ye shall not prophesy.
13 Behold I am pressing you down : according as the cart is
accustomed to press down ; that which is full of sheaves.
14 And the flight shall perish from the swift ; and the strong
shall not strengthen his power : and the mighty man shall not
deliver his soul.
15 And the carrier of the how shall not stand ; and the swift
on his feet shall not deliver : and the rider of the horse shall not
deliver his soul.
16 And the brave of heart among the mighty men : shall flee
naked in that day [of the second coming] Jehovah hath said.

44 AMOS.

CHAPTER III.

1 Hear ye this word which Jehovah has spoken concerning
you, O children of Israel : against the whole family which I
brought up from the land of Egypt saying,
2 You only have I acknowledged from all the families of the
earth : therefore I will visit upon you all your iniquities.
3 Shall two walk together unless they have consulted.
4 Shall the lion roar in the forest ; and there is no prey for
him : shall the young lion give forth his voice from his den ex
cept he has taken something.
5 Shall the bird fall upon the snare of the ground ; and there
is no trap for it : shall one take up a snare from the earth ; and
nothing shall be taken.
6 Or shall the trumpet be blown in the city ; and the people
shall not be afraid : or shall there be evil in the city ; and the
Lord has not done it.
7 For the Lord Jehovah will not do a thing : except he has
revealed his secret ; unto his servants the prophets.
8 The lion has roared, who shall not fear : [who is symbol
ized by the lion? is it the Anti-Christ?] the Lord Jehovah has
spoken ; who will not be prophesying.
9 Cause ye to hear over the palaces in Ashdod ; and over the
palaces in the land of Egypt : and say ye, be ye collected on the
mountains of Samaria ; and see the great tumults in her midst ;
and the oppressions within her.
10 For they have not known to do the right, Jehovah hath
said, who are storing up, violence and destruction, in their
palaces. [A yet future adversary here referred to — probably same as
the lion in verse 8.]
11 Therefore thus hath said the Lord Jehovah; an enemy,
and he is round about the land ; and lie will bring down thy
strength from thee ; and thy palaces shall be plundered.
12 Thus hath said Jehovah ; like as the shepherd shall de
liver from the mouth of the lion two legs or a piece of the ear :
so shall the children of Israel be delivered who are dwelling in
Samaria on the corner of a bed and on Damascus couches.
13 Hear ye and testify ye in the house of Jacob : the Lord
Jehovah, God of hosts hath said.

AMOS. 45
14 For on the day of my visiting the transgressions of Israel
upon him : [observe the time formula "on the day"] and I will
visit upon the altars of Bethel ; and the horns of the altar shall
be cut off ; and they shall fall to the ground.
15 And I will smite the winter house against the summer
house : and the houses of ivory shall perish, and many houses
shall have an end, Jehovah hath said.
CHAPTER IV.
1 Hear 3-e this matter ye cows of Bashan, in the mountain of
Samaria ; that oppress the poor ; that crush the needy : who are
saying to their masters bring here and we will drink.
2 The Lord Jehovah hath sworn by his holiness ; that behold
days are coming upon you : and he will take you away with
hooks and your posterity with fish-hooks : [The Anti-Christ
will do this.]
3 And breakers shall go out each before her : and ye shall be
cast out toward [or banished to] Harmon, saith Jehovah.
4 Come ye to Bethel and Sin ; at Gilgal multiply to Sin :
and bring ye your sacrifices in the morning ; your tithes for
three days.
5 And kindle a thanksgiving offering from leaven ; and cry
out free will offerings hear ye : for so ye have loved, O children
of Israel ; the Lord Jehovah hath said.
6 And also I, I have given to you cleanness of teeth in all
your cities ; and deficiency of bread ; in all your palaces : and ye
have not returned to me, Jehovah hath said.
7 And also I have refrained from you the rain while yet there
are three months to the harvest ; and I have caused it to rain
upon one city ; and upon another city I have not caused it to
rain : one part should have rain and the part which did not
cause to rain upon it, withered.
8 And two, three cities shall wander unto another city to
drink water and they shall not be satisfied : and ye have not
returned unto me Jehovah hath said.
9 I have smitten you with blasting and mildew ; many times
your gardens your vineyards and your fig-trees and your olive-
trees the locusts shall eat : but you have not returned to me,
Jehovah hath said.

46 AMOS.
10 I have sent pestilence among you in the manner of Egypt;
I have slain by the sword your young men ; with the booty of
your horses : and I have caused to come up the stench of your
camp and in your noses; but ye have not returned unto me,
Jehovah hath said.
11 I have overturned among you like the destruction of God
with Sodom and Gomorrah ; and ye were like a brand delivered
from the fire : but ye have not returned unto me, Jehovah
hath said.
12 Therefore thus I will do to you O Israel : because of this
I will do to thee ; prepare thou to meet thy God, O Israel.
13 For behold the former of the mountains and the creator
of the wind [or spirit] and who is telling to man what is his
thought; that maketh the morning darkness; and he who is
treading upon the high places of the earth : Jehovah of hosts
is his name. CHAPTER V.
1 Hear ye this word, which I am taking up against you, a
lamentation, O house of Israel.
2 The virgin of Israel has fallen she shall not rise again : she
is cast down upon her land, there is none raising her up.
3 For thus the Lord Jehovah hath said, the city that is send
ing out a thousand shall cause a hundred to remain, and that
which sends out a hundred shall cause ten to remain : to the
house of Israel.
4 For thus Jehovah hath said, to the house of Israel : seek ye
me and ye shall live.
5 And do not seek Bethel ; nor Gilgal shall ye enter into nor
shall ye pass over into Beersheba : for Gilgal shall go into cap
tivity and Bethel shall be for naught.
6 Seek ye Jehovah and ye shall live : unless he shall pass over
like fire the house of Joseph ; and consume it and there is none
quenching to Bethel.
7 Who are turning judgment to wormwood : and righteous
ness to the earth the)' cause to rest.
8 Maker of the seven stars and Orion, and he who turneth the
shadow of death into morning and day he darkens to night : he
who calls to the waters of the sea and he pours them out upon
the face of the earth, Jehovah is his name.

AMOS. 47
9 He who causes to break out desolation against the strong :
and desolation against the fortress shall come.
10 They have hated the judge in the gate : and he who is
speaking uprightly, they shall abhor.
11 Therefore because ye have trodden upon the poor, and the
burden of wheat ye shall take from him ; houses of cut stone ye
have built, but ye shall not dwell in them : vineyards of delight
ye have planted ; but ye shall not drink their wine.
12 For I have known your many transgressions ; and your
numerous sins : oppressors of the righteous, takers of atonement
money ; and the poor in the gate ye turn aside.
13 Therefore he who is wise at that time shall be silent : for it
is an evil time.
14 Seek ye good and not evil, that ye may live : and it shall
be so Jehovah Lord of hosts shall be with you, according as ye
have said.
15 Hate ye evil and love good ; and establish justice in the
gate : peradventure, Jehovah God of hosts shall shew favor to
the remnant of Joseph.
16 Therefore, thus Jehovah God of hosts, the Lord ; hath
said ; in all broad places there shall be, lamentation ; and in all
the streets the}- shall say Alas alas : and they shall call the
husbandmen to mourning ; and lamentation ; to those skilled
in wailing. 17 And in all vineyards there shall be lamentation : because
I will pass over in thy midst, Jehovah hath said.
18 Woe to those who are desiring the day of Jehovah : where
fore is this to you a day of Jehovah, it is darkness and not light.
19 Like as a man shall flee from before the lion ; and the bear
shall meet him : Or he shall come into the house, and shall lean
his hand upon the wall ; and the serpent shall bite him.
20 Is not the day of Jehovah darkness, and not light : and
obscure and no brightness to it.
21 I have hated, I have rejected your feasts : and I will not
be satisfied in your assemblies.
22 For if ye shall offer to me burnt offerings and your meat
offerings I will not accept : and the peace offering of your fatted
beasts I will not regard.
23 Remove from me the noise of thy songs : and the melody
of thy viols I will not hear.

48 AMOS.
24 But judgment shall roll down like waters : and righteous
ness like a mighty stream.
25 The sacrifices and the meal offerings ye have brought near
to me forty years o house of Israel.
26 But yet ye would carry the shrine [of the idol] of your
King ; and the pedestal of their images : the star of their God
which ye made for yourselves.
27 Then I will carry you captive from beyond to Damascus ;
Jehovah, hath said, God of hosts is his name.
CHAPTER VI.
1 Woe to those that are quiet in Zion, and who are trusting
in the mountain of Samaria : defined chief of the nations ; and
the house of Israel shall come to them.
2 Pass ye over to Calneh and see ye ; and go ye from there to
Hamath-rabbah : then go down to Gath of the Philistines, are
they better than those kingdoms or is their border better than
your borders.
3 Ye that are driving on to the day of evil : and ye bring
near the seat of violence.
4 Who are lying down upon beds of ivory ; and are stretched
out upon their couches : and are eating lambs from the flock ;
and calves out of the midst of the stall.
5 Who are chanting according to the harp : like David ; they
invent to them instruments of song.
6 Who are drinking in cups of wine ; and anoint themselves
with the chief ointments : and they are not grieved over the
hurt of Joseph.
7 Therefore now they shall go into captivity at the head of
the captives : and shall depart, the cry of the stretched out ones.
8 The Lord Jehovah hath sworn by himself, Jehovah God of
hosts hath said ; and I am abhorring the pride of Jacob : and
his palaces I have hated : and I will deliver the city and its
fulness. 9 And it shall be, if there shall be remaining ten men in one
house, then they shall die.
10 And his uncle shall take him up and shall burn him to
bring out the bones from the house : and he shall say to whoso
ever is in the sides of the house is there yet with thee, and he

AMOS. 49
shall say not one : and he shall say hush for we may not make
mention in the name of Jehovah.
11 For behold Jehovah is commanding: and he will smite
the great house with breaches : and the little house with clefts.
12 Shall horses run upon the rock ; or shall one plow with
oxen : that ye have turned judgment to poison ; and the fruit of
righteousness to wormwood.
13 Ye are rejoicing at what is not a matter : who were saying ;
is it not by our strength ; we have taken to ourselves horns.
14 For behold me raising over you, O house of Israel, saith
Jehovah God of hosts a nation : and they shall oppress you from
the entrance of Hamath unto the brook of the desert.
CHAPTER VII.
[In the last three chapters there are five visions — three in
the seventh chapter, the fourth in the eighth chapter, and the
fifth in the ninth.]
1 Thus the Lord Jehovah hath shown me ; and behold he is
forming locusts : in the beginning of the shooting up of the
latter growth : and behold the latter growth was after the mow
ing of the King.
2 And it came to pass when he had made an end to eat the
grass of the land ; that I said, O Lord Jehovah forgive I pray ;
who shall raise up Jacob : for he is small.
3 Jehovah repented concerning this : it shall not be, Jehovah
hath said.
[Begins the second vision.]
4 Thus hath the Lord Jehovah shewed me ; and behold the
Lord Jehovah is calling to contend by fire : and it consumed the
great deep ; and devoured the portion.
5 And I said, O Lord Jehovah cease I pray ; who shall raise
up Jacob : for he is small.
6 Jehovah repented on account of this : even it shall not be,
the Lord Jehovah hath said.
[Begins third vision.]
7 Thus he shewed me ; and behold the Lord standing upon a
wall with plumb-line : and in his hand a plumb-line.
8 And Jehovah said unto me, what art thou seeing Amos ;
and I said a plumb-line : and the Lord said behold me putting a
4

50 AMOS.
plumb-line in the midst of my people Israel ; I will not add
again to pass over to him.
9 And the high places of Isaac shall be desolated ; and the
sanctuaries of Israel shall be destroyed: and I will rise up
against the house of Jeroboam with the sword.
10 Then Amaziah priest of Bethel sent to Jeroboam king of
Israel saying : Amos hath conspired against thee, in the midst
of the house of Israel ; the land is not able to contain all his
words. 11 For thus Amos hath said ; Jeroboam shall die by the
sword : and Israel shall certainly go into captivity from off- his
land. 12 And Amaziah said unto Amos ; O seer : go flee thee unto
the land of Judah : and eat there bread and there thou shalt
prophesy. 13 And at Bethel ; thou shalt not add to prophecy : for it is
the sanctuary of the King ; and the house of royalty it is.
14 And Amos answered and said unto Amaziah ; I am no
prophet ; nor am I the son of a prophet : but a herdman I was
and a gatherer of sycamore fruit.
15 And Jehovah took me from following the sheep : and Je
hovah said unto me ; go prophesy unto my people Israel.
16 And now hear thou the word of Jehovah : thou art saying,
thou shalt not prophesy against Israel ; nor shalt thou drop [i. e.
prophesy] against the house of Isaac.
17 Therefore thus Jehovah hath said, thy wife shall be a
harlot in the city, and thy sons and thy daughters shall fall by
the sword ; and thy land shall be divided by measuring line :
and thou shalt die upon an unclean land ; and Israel ; shall
certainly go into captivity from off his land.
CHAPTER VIII.
1 Thus the Lord Jehovah hath shewed me : and behold a
basket of ripe fruit.
2 And he said what art thou seeing Amos ; and I said
a basket of ripe fruit : and Jehovah said unto me the end has
come to my people Israel; I will not add again to pass over
to him. 3 And yell ye the songs of the temple in that day; the Lord

AMOS. 51
Jehovah hath said : great are the corpses in every place he has
cast, hush.
4 Hear ye this ; he that gaped for the poor : and to destroy
the afflicted of the earth.
5 Saying; when shall the new moon pass over and we will
cause to sell corn and the Sabbath that we may open wheat : to
make small the ephah and to make great the shekel ; and to
pervert the scales of deceit.
6 To buy the poor with silver ; and the needy because of a
pair of shoes : and the refuse of the wheat we will sell.
7 Jehovah hath sworn by the pride of Jacob : surely I will
not forget any of their works forever.
8 Shall not the earth tremble on account of this ; and every
dweller in it mourn : and it shall ascend like the river the whole
of it ; and it shall drive out and overflow like the river of Egypt.
9 And it shall be in that day, the Lord Jehovah hath said ; and
I will cause the sun to set at noon : and I will cause to darken
the earth in a clear day.
10 And I will turn your feasts to mourning, and all your
songs to lamentation ; and I will bring up sackcloth on all their
loins and baldness upon every head : and I will place it like the
mourning of an only son, and its end like a bitter day.
11 Behold the days are coming, the Lord Jehovah hath said ;
and I will send a famine in the land : not a famine of the bread
nor a thirst of the water ; but rather of hearing ; the words of
Jehovah. 12 And they shall wander from sea to sea ; and from the
north unto the east : they shall run to and fro to seek the word
of Jehovah, and shall not find it.
13 In that day the beautiful virgins, and the young men faint
on account of the thirst.
14 Those who are swearing by the trespass of Samaria ; and
they shall say thy God liveth O Dan and the life of the way to
Beer-she-ba : and they shall fall and shall not rise again.
CHAPTER IX.
[Fifth vision.]
1 I saw the Lord standing by the altar and he said smite the
knob and the thresholds shall crash, and wound them upon the
head all of them ; and the remainder of them I will slay by

52 AMOS.
the sword : a fugitive of them shall not flee ; an escaped one of
them shall not escape.
2 If they shall break through to Sheol ; from there my hand
shall take them : and if they shall ascend to the heaven from
there I will bring them down.
3 And if they be hidden on the top of Mount Carmel ; from
there I will search them and I will take them : and if they shall
be secreted before mine eyes in the bottom of the sea from
thence I will command the serpent, and he shall bite them.
4 And if they shall go into captivity before their enemies ;
from there I will command the sword and it shall slay them :
and I will set my eye upon them for evil and not for good.
5 And the Lord Jehovah of hosts, is he who is touching
against the earth and it shall melt ; and all the inhabitants in
it shall mourn : and it shall ascend like the river the whole of it ;
and it shall overflow like the river of Egypt.
6 He who is building in the heavens his ascents and his troop
over the earth he had founded it : he who is calling to the
waters of the sea, and pours them out upon the face of the earth,
Jehovah is his name.
7 Is it not like the sons of the Cushites ye are to me O sons of
Israel, Jehovah hath said : is it not Israel I have brought up
from the land of Egypt ; and the Philistines from Caphtor and
the Syrians from Kir.
8 Behold the eyes of the Lord Jehovah are against this sinful
kingdom ; and I will destroy it ; from off the face of the ground :
except that I will not certainly destroy the house of Jacob,
Jehovah hath said.
9 For behold I am commanding ; and I will sift among na
tions the house of Israel : according as it is sifted in a sieve and
there shall not fall a grain upon the earth.
10 All the sinners of my people shall die by the sword ; who
are saying, it shall not overtake nor shall it come on our account
this evil.
[From verse 11 and onward the Kingdom of God is set up.]
11 " In that day " ; I will raise up the tabernacle of David
which is fallen : and I will fence their breaches, and I will raise
up its ruins and I will build it as in the days of old.
12 For the sake that they may inherit the remnant of Edom
.and all the nations ; over whom my name has been called upon
them : Jehovah the doer of this hath said.

AMOS. 53
13 Behold the days are coming Jehovah hath said ; and the
plowman shall overtake the reaper ; and the treader of grapes
against the sower of the seed : and the mountains shall drip new
wine ; and all the hills shall melt themselves.
14 And I will bring again the captivity of my people Israel :
and they shall build the desolate cities and they shall dwell ; and
they shall plant vineyards ; and they shall drink their wine :
and they shall make gardens ; and they shall eat their fruit.
15 And I will plant them upon their land : and they shall not
be plucked up again from off their land which I have given to
them ; Jehovah thv God hath said.

OBADIAH.

Obadiah writes of the days which precede the millennium, as
they shall then affect the house of Esau and the house of Jacob.
He was a prophet of the Southern Kingdom, and prophesied be
tween the years 588-583 b. c. There is no reference in his
writing to Maccabean times, nor to the Christian state of things.
The indications of the time when the vision is to be fulfilled are
seen ; First, In the sending of an ambassador who will be not only
against Edom, but against "all the nations," a wicked one, un
doubtedly the Anti-Christ of the New Testament ; Second, At the
eighth verse the prophetic formula "in that day " occurs, which
fixes the time of the second coming; Third, verse 15 marks it
by the expression, "the day of the Lord;" Fourth, The matter
of the twelfth verse proves it ; Fifth, verse 21 does also, for it is
then "the Kingdom becomes the Lord's."
1 A vision of Obadiah : thus the Lord Jehovah hath said con
cerning Edom, we have heard a report from Jehovah, and an
ambassador- [the root conveys the idea that the ambassador will
be an adversary, an enemy, a "wicked," Prov. 13 : 17 or "cruel,"
Prov. 11 : 17; as the root suggests] has been sent among the na
tions ; [he who rouses them, this ambassador, says] arise ye,
and we will rise up against her [Edom] to the battle.
2 [Jehovah speaks by the prophet.] Behold I have made
thee small among the nations : thou art exceedingly despised.
3 The haughtiness [or proud insolence] of thy heart hath de
ceived thee ; dweller in the clefts of the rock, on high is his
habitation : he is saying in his heart who can bring me down to
the ground ?
4 If thou wert to rise as high as the eagle ; or if among the
stars to set thy nest : from there I will bring thee down, saith
Jehovah of Hosts.
5 If thieves had come to thee, if plunderers at night ; how
wouldst thou have been destroyed ? ; would they not have stolen
*t54]

OBADIAH. 55
their sufficiency? ; If vintagers had come would they not have
left gleanings ?
6 How have they [the treasures] of Esau been explored ;
how have his hidden things been sought out.
7 Unto the border all the men of thy covenant have sent
thee ; they have deceived thee, they have prevailed against
thee, the men of thy peace : thy food they will make strange
under thee ; there is no one understanding him.
[This last clause may be rendered in either of two ways, be
sides our Bible translation. First, There is none understanding
because of him, meaning the "ambassador" of verse 1 who will be
the Anti-Christ; or, Second, there is none understanding him.
This refuses to translate the ablative prefix to the "him" re
garding it as pleonastic. The idiom of the language requires its
presence, but it is passed over in translation as it is in the two
cases of Gen. 37 : 10, 11, and in numerous other instances. So
the reference of the "him " would still be to the "ambassador."
He will be energized by Satan and no one, wise or unwise, will
understand him or his ways.]
8 Is it not "in that day," saith Jehovah: and I shall cause
to destroy the wise men from Edom ; and understanding from
the mount of Esau.
9 And thy mighty men shall be terrified O Teman : because
every man of Mount Esau shall be cut off by killing.
[The cause of the ruin of the Edomites is now assigned.]
10 Because of the violence of thy brother Jacob, shame shall
cover thee : and thou shalt be cut off forever.
11 In the day of thy standing opposite ; in the day of stran
gers carrying captive his wealth : and foreigners had come to
his gates, and against Jerusalem they had cast a lot : even thou
wert as one of them.
[Speaking from the time of "the day of the Lord," verse
15, the Lord looks back two thousand five hundred or more
years, and says : ]
12 And there shouldst not have looked on in the day of thy
brother, in the day of his misfortune ; and thou shouldst not
have rejoiced over the sons of Judah, in the day of their de
struction : and thou shouldst not have enlarged thy mouth in
the day of trouble.
13 Thou shouldst not have entered in the gates of my people

56 OBADIAH.
in the day of their calamity; thou shouldst not have looked,
even thou, on his affliction in the day of his calamity : and thou
shouldst not have sent forth against his wealth in the day of his
calamity. 14 And thou shouldst not have stood by the pass way to
cut off his escaped ones : and thou shouldst not have kept in
custody his fugitives, in the day of trouble.
15 For near is " the day of Jehovah," upon all the nations :
according as thou hast done it shall be done to thee ; thy recom
pense shall return on thy head.
16 For as ye have drunken upon my holy mountain ; all the
nations shall drink continually : and they shall drink and
swallow down ; and they shall be as though they had not been.
[The remaining verses show the establishment of the king
dom of Jehovah on Mount Zion.]
17 And on Mount Zion there shall be a remnant, and it shall
be holy : and they shall possess the house of Jacob ; with their
possessions. 18 And the house of Jacob shall be a fire and the house of
Joseph a flame and the house of Esau for stubble; and they shall
burn among them and consume them : and there shall not be an
escaped one to the house of Esau ; for Jehovah hath [so] spoken.
19 And they of the South shall possess the mountain of Esau,
and they of the plain the Philistines ; and they shall possess the
field of Ephraim ; and the field of Samaria : and Benjamin,
Gilead. 20 And the captivity of this host of the children of Israel
that of the Canaanites unto Zarephath ; and the captivity of
Jerusalem that in Sepharad : they shall possess the cities of the
South. 21 And saviours shall ascend in Mount Zion to judge the
Mount of Esau : and to Jehovah shall be the Kingdom.

JONAH.1

Jonah prophesied about 840 to 7S4 b. c. Nineveh, the capi
tal of Assyria, was in Jonah's time the largest and finest city on
earth. As Jonah was three days and three nights in the sea-
monster's belly, so it was foretold the " son of man " should be
three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. Jonah
was a type of Christ in death and resurrection. The Greek word
keetos rendered whale means a large fish, a sea monster and it
was therefore applied to whales, sharks, and thunnies. It does
not mean, necessarily, " whale " but a sea monster.
CHAPTER I.
1 And the word of Jehovah came unto Jonah son of Amittai
saying, 2 Arise go to Nineveh the great city and cry against it : for
their wickedness has ascended before me.
3 And Jonah rose up to flee to Tarshish from before Jehovah :
and he went down to Joppa and he found a ship going to Tar
shish, and he paid her fare and he went down in her to come
with them to Tarshish from before Jehovah.
4 And Jehovah sent out a great wind into the sea and there
was a great tempest in the sea : and the ship it was thought to
be broken. 5 And the sailors feared, and each man cried unto his God
and they cast forth the articles which were in the ship into the
sea to be lightened from them : but Jonah had gone down into
the innermost parts of the ship and had lain down and was fast
asleep. 6 And the ship-master drew nigh unto him and said unto
him what are you sleeping for : arise cry unto thy God ; perad
venture the triune God will think upon us and we shall not per
ish. [" Elohim" always means "triune God." I have so rendered
it throughout this book of Jonah.]
i See " Note on Jonah," page 10. [ 57 ]

58 JONAH.
7 And they said each to his fellow come and we will cause to
cast lots ; and we will know on whose account this evil is to us :
and they cast lots ; and the lot fell upon Jonah.
8 And they said unto him tell us now on whose account this
evil is upon us what is thy business and from whence thou
shouldst come : what is thy country : and from what people art
thou. 9 And he said unto them I am a Hebrew and I am fearing
Jehovah the God of the heavens who hath prepared the sea and
the dry land.
10 And the men feared a great fear ; and they said unto him
what is this thou hast done : for the men knew that he was flee
ing from before Jehovah for he had told it to them.
11 And they said unto him what shall we do to thee ; that
the sea may be calm unto us : for the sea was going and
raging. 12 And he said unto them take ye me up and cast me into
the sea ; and the sea shall be calm unto you : for I know that on
my account is this great tempest upon you.
13 And the men rowed to turn to the dry land and were not
able : for the sea was going and raging against them.
14 And they prayed unto Jehovah and they said we beseech
thee Jehovah let us not now perish on account of this man's life ;
and do not lay innocent blood upon us : for thou Jehovah hast
done according as thou hast pleased.
15 And they lifted up Jonah and they cast him into the sea :
and the sea stood from its raging.
16 And the men feared Jehovah with a great fear : and they
sacrificed a great sacrifice unto Jehovah and they vowed
vows. CHAPTER II.
1 Now Jehovah had appointed a great fish to swallow down
Jonah : and Jonah was in the bowels of the fish ; three days and
three nights.
2 And Jonah prayed ; unto Jehovah his God : from the bowels
of the fish.
3 And he said I have cried because of my distress unto
Jehovah and he hath answered me : from the belly of Sheol I
cried, thou heardst my voice.

JONAH. 59
4 And thou didst cast me in the depth, in the heart of the
seas ; and the waters surrounded me : all thy breakers and thy
waves passed over me.
5 And I, I said I have been cast out from before thine eyes :
but I will add to look ; unto thy holy temple.
6 The waters surrounded me to the soul ; the depth encom
passed me : the weed was wrapped to my head.
7 I went down to the bottoms of the mountains ; and the
earth with her bars was about me forever : and thou hast
brought me up from the pit O Lord my God.
8 When my soul fainted within me I remembered Jehovah
and my prayer came unto thee ; unto the temple of thy holiness
9 They that observe false vanities ; shall forsake their mercy.
10 And I with a voice of thanksgiving I will sacrifice to thee ;
as I have vowed I will repay : salvation is of Jehovah.
11 And Jehovah spake to the fish : and it vomited Jonah upon
the dry ground. CHAPTER III.
1 And the word of Jehovah came unto Jonah the second
time saying,
2 Arise, go unto Nineveh that great city : [this was the
greatest city in the world at that time; Babylon was then
smaller] and preach unto it the preaching ; that I bid thee.
3 And Jonah arose, and went unto Nineveh according unto
the word of Jehovah : and Nineveh was a great city before God ;
of three days walk.
4 And Jonah began to come into the city a journey of one
day : and he cried out and said ; yet forty days ; and Nineveh
shall be overturned.
5 And the men of Nineveh believed in God : and they called
a fast and put on sackcloth from the greatest of them even unto
the least of them.
6 And the word reached the King of Nineveh ; and he arose
from his throne ; and he put off his garment from himself : and
he covered himself with sackcloth ; and he sat among the ashes.
7 And he caused it to be proclaimed ; and published in
Nineveh ; by the decree of the King and his grandees, saying :
the men and the beast the cattle and the sheep shall not taste
any thing ; they shall not feed : nor shall they drink water.

60 JONAH.
8 And men and beast shall cover themselves with sackcloth ;
and they shall cry unto God mightily : and they shall turn,
every man from his evil way ; and from the violence which is
in their hands.
9 Who is knowing but that the triune God may turn and re
pent : and return from his fierce anger that we perish not.
10 And the triune God saw their works ; that they turned
from their evil way : and the triune God repented of the evil,
which he had spoken to do to them and he did it not.
CHAPTER IV.
1 And it displeased Jonah exceedingly : and he was angry.
2 And he prayed unto Jehovah and he said I pray thee
Jehovah was not this my word, while I was yet in my country ;
wherefore I anticipated it by fleeing to Tarshish ; for I had
known that thou art a gracious and merciful God slow of anger
and of great kindness ; and repentest thee concerning the evil.
3 And now Jehovah take I pray my life from me : for better
is my death than my life.
4 And Jehovah said ; doest thou well to be angry ?
5 And Jonah went out from the city and dwelt on the east
side of the city and he made for himself there a booth, and he
sat underneath it in the shade until that he should see ; what
should happea in the city.
6 And Jehovah God prepared a gourd and it came up over
Jonah to be a shade over his head to deliver him from his
grief : and Jonah was glad on account of the gourd with a
great gladness. $.
7 But the triune God had appointed a worm ; on the rising
of the dawn for the morrow : and it smote the gourd and it
withered. 8 And it came to pass on the rising of the sun that the triune
God appointed a vehement east wind ; and the sun smote upon
the head of Jonah and he fainted : and he requested that he
might die ; and he said ; better is my death than my life.
9 And the triune God said to Jonah doest thou well to be
angry on account of the gourd : and he said I do well to be
angry even unto death.
10 And Jehovah said, thou hast had pity on account of the

JONAH. 61
gourd ; for the which thou hast not labored nor macta it grow :
which came in a night and perished in a night.
11 And I, should I not have pity on Nineveh that great city
which has in it more than twelve times ten thousand of men
which have not known between their right hand and their left :
and much cattle.

MICAH.

Micah was of the Southern Kingdom. He prophesied 758 to
699 b. c. He treats of last things, i. e., of the days preceding the
second coming of Jesus ! CHAPTER I.
1 The word of Jehovah, which came to Micah, the Moras-
thite ; in the days of Jotham, Achaz, Yechizkiyah, King of
Judah: which he foresaw concerning Samaria and Jerusalem
[both kingdoms].
2 Hear, O peoples, all of them ; hearken, O Earth and her ful
ness : and the Lord Jehovah shall be among you for a witness ;
the Lord from His Holy Temple.
3 For behold Jehovah is going forth [second coming] out of
His place : and He shall go down and tread upon the high
places of the earth.
4 And the mountains shall be molten under Him ; and the
valleys shall cleave themselves : like wax before the fire ; like
waters that are poured down a steep place.
5 On account of the transgression of Jacob is all this ; and on
account of the sins of the house of Israel : who [is responsible
for] the transgression of Jacob, is it not Samaria ; and who [for]
the high places of Judah ; is it not Jerusalem.
6 And I will place Samaria for a stone heap of the field, for
planting of a vine : and I will pour her stones to the valley ; and
her foundations I will reveal.
7 And all her graven images shall be beaten to pieces, and all
her hires shall be burnt in the fire ; and all her idols I will make
a waste : for from the hire of an harlot she has gathered [them] ;
and unto the hire of an harlot shall they return.
8 ,On account of this, I will lament and howl ; I will go
spoiled and naked : I will make a wailing like the dragons ; and
a mourning like the young ostriches.
[62]

MICAH. 63
9 For her stripes are incurable: for he [Anti-Christ] has
come to Judah; he has touched at the gate of my people, at
Jerusalem. 10 Tell it not in Gath ; weeping, weep not : in the house of
Aphrah ; I have rolled myself in dust.
11 Pass over to you, O inhabitress of Shaphir, naked of shame:
the inhabitress of Zaanan has not gone forth at the lamentation
of the house of Ezel ; he [A. C] shall take from you his
standing. 12 For the inhabitress of Maroth has writhed for good : for
evil has gone down from Jehovah to the gate of Jerusalem.
13 Bind the chariot to the swift beast, O inhabitress of La
chish : she is the beginning of sin to the daughters of Zion ; for
in thee they have found the transgressors of Israel.
14 Therefore thou shalt give presents ; to Moresheth-Gath :
the houses of Achzib shall be for a deceitful thing to the kings
of Israel. 15 Yet, I will bring the possessor [A. C] to thee, O inhabi
tant of Mareshah : unto Adullam he shall come, the glory of
Israel. 16 Make thyself bald and shave thyself ; on account of the
children of thy youth : enlarge thy baldness like the eagle ; for
they have gone into captivity because of thee.
CHAPTER II.
1 Woe to the thinkers of iniquity and to the doers of evil
upon their beds : in the light of the morning they will do it ; for
it is to the power of their hand.
2 And they shall desire fields, and they shall seize them ; and
houses, and they shall take them : and they shall oppress a man
and his house ; and a man and his inheritance.
3 Therefore thus Jehovah of Hosts hath said ; behold me
thinking evil against this family : from which ye shall not with
draw your necks, nor shall ye go loftily ; for a time of evil, it is.
4 In that day He shall raise up over you a ruler [not Mashal,
but MoshaU, like as 5 : 2, and he will become the Anti-Christ, or
prince, of Dan. 9 : 26] and he shall wail a wailing ; it is done he
said ; we have been certainly spoiled ; the portion of my people
he shall change : how shall he move against me ! to an apostate,
our fields he shall apportion.

64 MICAH.
5 Therefore there shall not be for thee ; one casting a cord by
lot : in the congregation of Jehovah.
6 Ye shall certainly not prophesy : ye shall not prophesy for
those ; reproaches shall not depart.
7 Has it been said, O house of Jacob, is the Spirit of Jehovah
shortened ; or are these His doings : shall not my words do good
if that which is right is going on.
8 And as formerly my people shall rise up for an enemy;
from over against a garment; a mantle they shall strip off:
from those who are passing over confidently ; returners from the
war. 9 The women of my people ye will drive out ; from the house
of their delights : from her children ; ye will take my honor
forever. 10 Rise ye, and go ye, for this is not the rest : because it is
polluted, he [A. C] will destroy, and a determined destruction.
11 If a man walking of spirit and a liar has lied ; [saying] "I
will prophesy to thee ; of wine and strong drink : " then he shall
be a prophet of this people.
12 I will certainly gather Jacob all of thee, I will certainly
collect the remnant of Israel : together I will place him like the
sheep of Botzrah : like a flock in the midst of his fold ; they
shall make a humming noise because of men.
13 The breaker [Anti-Christ] has ascended before them ;
they have broken forth and have passed over ; the gate, and
they go out by it : and their King passes over before them ; and
Jehovah is at their head. CHAPTER III.
1 And I said, hear I pray O heads of Jacob ; and rulers of
the house of Israel : is it not for you to know judgment.
2 Haters of good and lovers of evil : strippers of their skin
from off them ; and their flesh from off their bones.
3 And who have eaten the flesh of my people ; and their skin
from off them they have stripped ; and their bones they have
broken to pieces : and they have divided them as in the pot ;
and as flesh in the midst of the kettle.
4 Then they shall cry to Jehovah ; and he will not answer
them : and he will hide his face from them at that time ;
according as they have done evil in their doings.

MIOAH. 65
5 Thus hath said Jehovah ; concerning the prophets who are
seducing my people : who are biting them with their teeth and
they cried peace ; and whosoever will not put upon their mouth ;
then they sanctify war against them.
6 Therefore night shall be to you because of the vision ; and
darkness to you because of divining ; and the sun shall come
over the prophets; and the day shall darken itself over them.
7 And the seers shall be ashamed and the diviners shall be
confounded ; and they shall cover over their lip all of them :
for there is no answer of God.
8 And surely, I, I am filled with power with the spirit of
Jehovah ; and judgment and might : to tell to Jacob his trans
gression ; and to Israel his sin.
9 Hear ye this I pray you O heads of the house of Jacob ;
and princes of the house of Israel ; who are abhorring judgment ;
and every thing that is right they will pervert.
10 Building Zion in blood and Jerusalem in iniquity.
11 Her heads by a gift will judge, and her priests by a price
shall teach ; and her prophets on account of money shall divine :
and upon Jehovah they shall lean saying ; is not Jehovah in our
midst ; there shall not evil come upon us.
12 Therefore on your account Zion shall be plowed as a field :
and Jerusalem shall be heaps and a mountain of the house for
high places of a forest.
CHAPTER IV.
1 And it shall come to pass in the end of the days, the
mountain of the house of Jehovah shall be fixed, in the top of
the mountains ; and it shall be lifted up above the hills : and
peoples shall flow unto it.
2 And many nations shall come, and they shall say, come ye
and we will go unto the mountain of Jehovah, and unto the
house of the God of Jacob ; and he will teach us from his ways ;
and we will walk in his paths : for from Zion shall go forth »
law ; and the word of Jehovah from Jerusalem.
3 And he shall judge, among many peoples; and he shall
justify for numerous nations afar off : And they shall beat
their swords into plowshares, and their spears to pruning
hooks ; nation shall not lift up against nation a sword ; nor
will they learn war again.
5

66 , MICAH.
4 And every man shall dwell, under his vine and under his
fig tree, and there is none making him afraid : for the mouth of
Jehovah of hosts hath spoken.
5 For all the peoples ; shall go ; every man in the name of
his God : and we, we will walk in the name of our God forever
and ever.
6 In that day saith Jehovah I will collect the halting one ;
and the cast out one I will gather : and which I have afflicted.
7 And I will place the halting one for a remnant ; and the far
removed for a numerous nation : and Jehovah shall reign over
them in Mount Zion ; from now and through eternity.
8 And thou tower of the flock, hill of the daughter of Zion,
unto thee it shall come : even the first dominion shall come; the
Kingdom shall be to the daughter of Jerusalem.
9 Now ; why wilt thou cry a cry : is there no King in thee, or
is thy counsellor perished; that writhing has laid hold upon thee,
like she that is bearing.
10 Writhe thou and break forth O daughter of Zion, as she
that is bearing : for now thou shalt go forth from the city, and
thou shalt dwell in the field, and thou shalt go to Babylon, there
thou shalt be delivered ; tliere Jehovah shall redeem thee ; from
the hand of thine enemies.
11 And now, many nations have been gathered against thee :
who are saying she shall be defiled ; and our eyes shall look
upon Zion.
12 But they, have not known the thoughts of Jehovah ; and
they have not understood his counsel : for he has gathered them
like a sheaf of the threshing floor.
13 Rise up and tread under foot O daughter of Zion, for I will
make thine horn iron and thy hoofs I will make brass ; and thou
shalt beat down many peoples : and I will consecrate to Jehovah
their gain ; and their wealth to the Lord of the whole earth.
[In English Bible first verse of chapter 5.]
14 Now, gather thou thyself O daughter of a troop ; a fortress
he has placed against us : with the rod they shall smite upon
the cheek bone ; the judge of Israel : and his goings forth are
from of old from eternal days.
2 Therefore he shall give them up ; until the time a travailing
[woman] hath brought forth ; and the remnant of his brethren ;
they shall return unto the children of Israel.

MICAH. 67
3 And he shall stand, and shall feed in the strength of
Jehovah in the majesty of the name of Jehovah his God : and
they shall dwell ; for now shall he be great unto the ends of the
earth. 4 And this one shall be peace : the Assyrian, when he shall
come in our land, and when he shall tread in our palaces ; then
shah we raise up against him seven shepherds ; and eight,
princes of men.
5 And they shall waste [this is future] the land of Assyria
with the sword ; and the land of Nimrod in her gates : and he
shall deliver from Assyria ; when he shall come in our land ;
and when he shall tread in our coasts.
6 And the remnant of Jacob shall be, in the midst of many
peoples ; like dew from Jehovah ; like showers upon the grass :
which will not tarry for man nor shall wait for the sons of men.
7 And the name of Jacob shall be among the nations, in the
midst of many peoples like a lion among the beasts of the for
est ; like a young lion among the flocks of sheep : who when he
has passed over, both has trampled and torn and there is no de
liverer. 8 Thy hand shall be high over thy distressors : and all thine
enemies shall be cut off.
9 And it shall be in that day [a formula of the future] saith
Jehovah ; and I shall cut off thy horses in thy midst : and I will
destroy thy chariots.
10 And I will cut off the cities of thy land : and I will destroy
all thy fortresses.
11 And I will cut off witchcrafts from thy land : and cloud
interpreters shall not be to thee.
12 And I will cut off thy graven images and thy standing
images from thy midst : and thou shalt not bow down again to
the work of thy hands.
13 And I will root out thy groves from thy midst : and I will
destroy thy cities.
14 And I will execute in wrath and anger a vengeance with
the nations : which they have not heard.

68 MICAH.
CHAPTER VI.
1 Hear now that which Jehovah is saying : rise up contend
with the mountains ; and the hills shall hear thy voice.
2 Hear ye O mountains, the contention of Jehovah ; and the
strong ones, the foundations of the earth : for a contention of
Jehovah is with his people ; and with Israel he will justify
himself. 3 My people, what have I done to thee, and wherein have I
wearied thee : Answer thou against me.
4 For I have brought thee up from the house of Egypt and I
have redeemed thee from the house of slaves : and I sent before
thee ; Moses, Aaron and Miriam.
5 My people, remember now what Balak King of Moab
counseled ; and what Balaam the son of Beor answered him :
from the shittim until the Gilgal ; that thou mayst discern the
righteous acts of Jehovah.
6 Wherewith shall I come to Jehovah ; I will bow to the God
of the high place : shall I come to him with burnt offerings ;
with calves of a year old.
7 Will Jehovah be pleased with thousands of rams ; with
ten thousands of rivers of oil : shall I give my first born for my
transgression ; the fruit of my body for the sin of my soul.
8 He has told to thee O man what is good : and what is
Jehovah requiring from thee but the doing of judgment and
the loving of mercy ; and the walking humbly with thy God.
9 The voice of Jehovah shall cry to the city and help thy
name shall see : hear ye the rod and who has appointed it.
10 Are there yet in the house of the wicked [man] the
treasures of wickedness : and the ephah of leanness the abomi
nable one.
11 Shall I be clean with the scales of wickedness : and with
the purse with stones of deceit.
12 As her rich men have filled up violence ; and her inhabit
ants have spoken a lie : and their tongue has deceit in their
mouth. 13 And also I will make sick him that smiteth thee : making
thee desolate on account of thy sins.
14 Thou shalt eat but thou shalt not be satisfied ; and it shall
bend thee down in their midst : and thou shalt overtake but

MICAH. 69
thou shalt not deliver ; and whomsoever thou shalt deliver I
will give to the sword.
15 Thou, thou shalt not reap : thou, thou shalt tread the
olive but thou shalt not anoint oil ; and new wine but thou shalt
not drink wine.
16 And the statutes of Omri shall be kept and all the work of
the house of Ahab ; and thou shalt go in their counsels : for the
sake of my giving thee for a desolation, and her inhabitants for
a hissing ; and the reproach of my people shall ye bear.
CHAPTER VII.
1 Woe is to me, for I have been like the gathering of the
summer fruit ; like the gleanings of the vintage : there is no
cluster to eat ; an early fig my soul has desired.
2 The righteous has perished from the earth ; and there is
none upright among men : all of them for blood they will lie in
wait ; every man his brother they shall hunt with a net.
3 Their hands are upon the evil [to pretend] to do good ; the
princes asking ; and the judge on account of the reward : and
the great one is speaking the evil of his soul, it is and they inter
weave it.
4 Their best is like a briar ; the upright one than the hedge :
the day of thy watchmen, thy visitation has come; now thou
shalt be their confusion.
5 Ye shall not trust in a friend ; ye shall not confide in a
leader : from her that lieth in thy bosom ; keep thou the doors
of thy mouth.
6 For a son is he who despises a father ; the daughter has
risen up against her mother ; the daughter-in-law against her
mother-in-law : the enemies of a man are the people of his
house. 7 And I, unto Jehovah will look ; I will wait with expecta
tion for the God of my salvation : my God will hear me. [Isa.
8 : 17.] 8 Do not rejoice O mine enemy against me ; for I have fallen,
I have risen again : if I shall sit in darkness Jehovah shall be
light to me.
9 The anger of Jehovah I shall bear ; for I have sinned
against him : until that he shall plead my complaint and shall

70 MICAH.
do my judgment ; he shall bring me out to the light ; I shall see
in his righteousness.
10 And mine enemy shall see it and shame shall cover her ;
she who is saying unto me ; where is Jehovah thy God : mine
eyes shall look upon her ; now thou shalt be for a trampling in
the dirt of the streets.
11 A day to build thy walls : that day the statute shall be far
removed. 12 In that day and unto thee shall he come from Assyria and
the cities of Egypt ; and from Egypt and unto the river ; and
sea from sea and mountain to mountain. [Undoubtedly this
verse alludes to the coming and action of the Anti-Christ.]
13 And the land shall be for a desolation on account of her
inhabitants : because of the fruit of their doings.
14 Feed thy people with thy rod, the sheep of thine inherit
ance ; dwelling alone in the forest in the midst of Carmel : they
shall feed Bashan and Gilead as in the days of old.
15 As in the days of thy going out from the land of Egypt :
I will show him miracles.
16 The nations shall see and they shall be ashamed ; for all
their might : they shall place the hand upon the mouth ; their
ears shall become deaf.
17 They shall lick the dust like the serpent ; like the creep
ers of the earth they shall move out from their prisons : unto
Jehovah our God they shall fear ; and they shall fear because of
thee. 18 Who is a God like thee, a bearer of iniquity, and a passer
over on account of transgression ; to the remnant of his in
heritance : he has not retained forever his anger ; for he de-
lighteth in mercy.
19 He will return [second coming] he will have mercy upon
us ; he will subdue our iniquities : and thou wilt cast in the
depths of the sea all their sins.
20 Thou wilt give truth to Jacob ; mercy to Abraham : as
thou has been sworn to our fathers from the days of old.

NAHUM.

Nahtjm prophesied 720 to 698 b. c, of last times.
CHAPTER I.
1 The doom of Nineveh : the book of the vision of Nahum
the Elkoshite.
2 God is jealous and Jehovah is avenging ; Jehovah is
avenging and having fury : Jehovah is avenging on His adver
saries ; and He is keeping anger for His enemies.
3 Jehovah is slow of anger and of great power ; and will cer
tainly not acquit : Jehovah, in the whirlwind and in the storm
is His way ; and a cloud is the fine dust of his feet.
4 He is rebuking against the sea, and He maketh it dry land ;
and He maketh all the rivers dry : languishing is Bashan and
Carmel ; and the fruit of Lebanon is languishing.
5 The mountains shake before Him ; and the hills melt away :
and the earth heaved before Him; and the world and all the
inhabitants in it.
6 Before His indignation who shall stand ; and who shall rise
up in the heat of His anger : His fury hath poured itself out like
the fire ; and the rocks have been rent by Him.
7 Good is Jehovah ; He is a refuge in the day of trouble : and
He knoweth those who are trusting in him.
8 And with an overrunning flood, he will make an end of her
place : and his enemies, he shall pursue unto darkness.
9 What will ye purpose against Jehovah ; an end He is mak
ing : the trouble shall not rise up twice.
10 For though they be twisted together like thorns ; and as
drunken with their wine : they were consumed like stubble
fully dry.
11 From thee he [A. C] has gone out ; a deviser of evil against
Jehovah : a Counsellor of Belial.
12 Thus saith Jehovah, though they be at peace and so
many ; yet so they have been mowed down and he [A. C] shall
[71]

72 NAHUM.
pass away : seeing that I have afflicted thee I will not again
afflict thee.
13 And now ; I will break his [A. C. 's] rod from over thee :
and his [A. C. 's] bonds I will pluck off.
14 And Jehovah will command concerning thee ; there shall
no more of thy name be sown, from the house of thy God I will
cut off the graven and the molten [image] : I will make thy
grave, for thou art light. CHAPTER II.
1 Behold upon the mountains the feet of him bringing good
tidings, proclaiming peace ; observe thy feasts O Judah, per
form thy vows: for the wicked one [A. C] shall no more pass
over against thee, he [the A. C] is wholly cut off.
2 He that dasheth in pieces [A. C] has come up before thy
face, guard the fortress : watch the way, strengthen thy loins ;
fortify power mightily.
3 For Jehovah is returning the excellency of Jacob ; like the
excellency of Israel : for the emptiers have emptied them, and
they have ruined their vine branches.
4 The shield of his [A. C's] mighty men is reddened, the
valiant men are in scarlet ; with fire of steel weapons the chariot
shall be in the day of his [A. C's] preparation : and the cypress
spray have been trembling.
5 The chariot shall dash madly in the streets ; they shall run
to and fro in the broad places : their appearances shall be like
the torches ; like the lightning they shall flash about.
6 He [A. C] will remember his mighty ones ; they shall he
stumbling in their goings : they shall haste to the wall ; and the
covering shall be prepared.
7 The gates of the rivers have been opened : and the palace
is dissolved. 8 Though he [A. C] has withstood, she has been laid bare,
she has been carried away : and her maids are moaning like the
moan of doves ; smiting upon their breasts.
9 And Nineveh shall be like a pool of waters from the days
of its being : and they are fleeing ; stand ye, stop ye, but no one
is turning round.
10 Plunder the silver, plunder the gold : and there is no end
to the store ; it is abundant of every vessel of desire.

NAHTJM. 73
11 She is empty and void and waste : and the heart has been
melted and [there is] a tottering of the knees, and a pain of the
loins ; and the faces of all of them have gathered paleness.
12 Where is the den of the lions ; and a feeding place it is for
the young lions : where the lion has walked, the lioness is there,
the whelp of the lion, and there is none causing to fear.
13 The lion is tearing for his whelps; and he is strangling
for his lionesses : and he has filled his holes with prey ; and
his dens with spoil.
14 Behold me against thee, saith Jehovah of Hosts ; and I
will burn her chariot into smoke ; and the sword shall consume
thy young lions : and I will cut off from the earth thy prey ; and
not again shall be heard the voice of thy messengers.
CHAPTER III.
1 Woe, city of bloods : the whole of it is full of lie, robbery ;
the prey shall not withdraw.
2 The noise of a whip ; and the noise of a crashing wheel :
and the horse prancing and the chariot dancing.
3 A horseman [A. C] is causing to come up, and there is the
flashing sword and the glittering spear ; and a multitude of slain,
and a heap of carcasses : and there is no end to the corpses ; they
shall be stumbling against their corpses.
4 [And this is] Because of the multitude of the whoredoms of
the harlot [the apostate church] ; beautiful of grace, mistress of
witchcrafts : she who is selling nations by her whoredoms ; and
families by her witchcrafts.
5 Behold me against thee, saith Jehovah of Hosts ; and I will
uncover thy skirts over thy face : and I will show the nations
thy nakedness ; and kingdoms thy shame.
6 And I will cast abominable things upon thee and I will
contemn thee : and I will place thee as a spectacle.
7 And it shall come to pass that all they that see thee shall
flee from thee ; and he shall say Nineveh has been spoiled ; who
shall bemoan for her : From whence shall I seek comforters for
thee. 8 Art thou better than No-Amon ; she that sat by the riv
ers ; waters were round about her : whose bulwark was the sea ;
from the sea was her wall.

74 NAHUM.
9 Ethiopia and Egypt were [her] strength and there was no
end : Phut and Lubim had been in thy help.
10 Also she was for the exile, she went into the captivity ;
also her children shall have been dashed in pieces at the head of
all the streets : and upon her honorable ones they cast the lot ;
and all her just ones were bound in chains.
11 Also thou shalt be drunken ; thou shalt be hidden : also
thou, thou shalt seek a refuge from the enemy [A. C]
12 All thy fortresses are fig trees with early ripe figs : if they
shall be shaken ; then they shall fall upon the mouth of the
eater. 13 Behold thy people are women in thy midst ; to thine ene
mies ; they have certainly opened the gates of thy land : fire has
consumed thy bars.
14 Waters of a siege, draw thou to thee ; strengthen thou
thy fortresses : go into the mire and tread thou inthe clay, make
the brick-kiln strong.
15 There shall the fire consume thee ; the sword shall cut thee
off ; it shall consume thee like the licker : make thyself numer
ous like the licker ; make thyself numerous like the locust.
16 Thou hast multiplied thy traders more than the stars of
heaven : the_ licker has stripped off and shall fly away.
17 Thy crowned ones are like the locusts; and thy captains
are like the swarms of locusts : which are encamping in the
hedges on a cold day ; the sun has risen, and they have been
flown : and it is not known his place where they are.
18 Thy shepherds have slumbered, O king of Assyria [A. C]
thy mighty ones shall lie down : thy people have scattered upon
the mountains, and there is none gathering [them].
19 There is no healing to thy branch ; thy stroke is incurable:
all the hearers of thy report, shall clap the hand over thee ; for
over whom has not thy wickedness passed continually.

HABAKKUK.

Habakkuk was of the Southern Kingdom. He prophesied
612 to 598 b. c.
The first chapter is a complaint that is made to God because
of the coming and doing of the personal Anti-Christ.
The second chapter is God's answer, and the third chapter is
che prayer of the prophet on the second coming of Jesus in His
glorious appearing. CHAPTER I.
1 The doom which Habakkuk the prophet foresaw.
2. How long have I cried, Jehovah, and thou wouldst not
hear : I am used to cry out unto thee "a violent one " [the Anti-
Christ] and thou wilt not save.
3. Why wilt thou shew me an evil one and why wilt thou look
upon a troubler ; and a destroyer and a violent one is before me :
and he has been an adversary, and he shall raise up strife.
4 Therefore the law is accustomed to chill; and judgment
cannot go out forever : for a wicked one is causing to surround
the righteous ; therefore judgment shall go out perverted.
5 See ye among the Gentiles, and look ye ; and be aston
ished, be amazed : for I am doing a deed in your days ; [which]
ye would not believe if it should have been told.
6 For behold me raising up the Chaldeans ; the bitter and
hasty nation : which goeth to the breadths of the earth to
give dwelling places which are not his. [The singular is used to
indicate the head of the Chaldean power, who will become the
Anti-Christ.] 7 Terrible and dreadful he is : from himself ; his judgment
and his sentence shall go out. [He will have no advisor, but
Satan, whose tool he will be.]
8 And his horses shall be swifter than leopards, and they shall
be fiercer than the evening wolves ; and his horsemen shall
spread themselves : yea, his horsemen shall come from a far
[75]

76 HABAKKUK.
distance ; they shall fly ; as an eagle is accustomed to hasten
to eat. 9 Every one for violence shall come ; and the desire of their
faces is eastward : and he shall collect captives as the sand.
10 And he shall scoff at kings ; and princes shall be a derision
to him : he shall laugh at any fortress ; and he shall heap up dust
and take it.
11 Then a spirit [an evil one] has passed through [him] and
he has transgressed and become guilty : this, his power, is be
cause of his god.
12 Art thou not from everlasting, Jehovah, my God, my Holy
One, we shall not die : Jehovah, for judgment thou hast placed
him ; and O Rock, for reproof [or chastisement] thou hast
established him.
13 [Thou art] purer of eyes than to behold evil ; and canst
not look upon iniquity: why shouldst thou look upon treacherous
ones ? Wouldst thou keep silent ; when the wicked man [Anti-
Christ] swallows down one more righteous than he.
14 And thou hast made man as the fishes of the sea : as the
creeping thing without a ruler over it.
15 Every one, by a hook he causes to ascend ; he shall draw
him up in his net ; and he shall gather him in his snare :
therefore he shall rejoice and he shall be glad.
16 Therefore he shall sacrifice to his net ; and he shall burn
incense to his snare : for by them his portion is fat ; and his
food nourishing.
17 Shall he therefore empty his net : and not spare continu
ally to slay the nations.
CHAPTER II.
1 I will stand upon my watch ; and I will set myself upon the
fortress : and I will watch to see what he shall speak with me ;
and what I shall get back because of my complaint.
2 And Jehovah answered me and he said ; Write thou the vis
ion; and engrave it upon the tables: in order that the reader
may run by it.
3 For yet the vision is for the appointed time ; and at the end
it shall hasten and shall not lie : if it should delay wait for it ;
for it shall certainly come, it shall not tarry.

HABAKKUK. 77
4 Behold his soul has been puffed up, it is not right in him :
but the righteous by his faith shall live.
5 And also, because the wine is treacherous ; he is a proud
man, and will not dwell quietly : since lie has made his soul as
broad as hell, and lie is like death and will not be satisfied ; but
he shall gather to him all the nations ; and he shall collect unto
himself all the peoples.
6 Shall not all these take up a proverb concerning him ; and
an interpretation of riddles against him : and one shall say, Woe
is he who increaseth that which is not his ; how long? and who
makes the pledge heavy to him.
7 Shall they not suddenly rise up that shall bite thee? Yea,
they shall awake who shall shake thee violently : and thou shalt
be for booties to them.
8 Because thou hast spoiled many nations all the remnant
of the peoples shall spoil thee : because of the blood of men
and violence of the earth, the city and all the inhabitants
in it. 9 Woe, he who is a plunderer of an evil gain to his house : to
put his nest on high ; to be delivered from the hand of evil.
10 Thou hast devised shame to thy house : cutting off many
peoples, and thy soul sinning.
11 For a stone from over the wall shall cry out : and a beam
from the wood shall answer it.
12 Woe, he is who building a city with blood : and establish
ing a city by wrong doing.
13 Behold, is it not from Jehovah of Hosts : and the peoples
shall labor for fire ; and the peoples shall weary themselves for
vanity. 14 For the earth shall be filled full of the knowledge of the
glory of Jehovah : as the waters cover over the sea.
15 Woe to him that causes his neighbor to drink ; who is
pouring out of thy skin bottle, and also to make him drunk : for
the sake of looking on their nakedness.
16 Thou art more full of shame than honor ; drink thou,
even thou, and be thou uncircumcised . the cup of the right
hand of Jehovah shall turn against thee ; and a shameful vomit
shall be on thy honor.
17 Because of the violence of Lebanon it shall overspread
thee ; and because of the destruction of beasts he shall cause

78 HABAKKUK.
dismay : for the blood of man and the violence of earth ; the
city and all the inhabitants in it.
18 What does a graven image profit, that its maker has
graven it ; what the molten image, seeing that it is a teacher of
the liar [Anti-Christ] : for the maker has trusted in his thought
concerning it ; to make dumb idols.
19 Woe to him saying to the wood awake ; rouse up to the
dumb stone : it shall teach, behold it, it is spread over with gold
and silver ; but there is no spirit in the midst of it.
20 And Jehovah is in His Holy Temple : Be silent before
Him, all the earth. CHAPTER III.
1 A prayer of Habakkuk the prophet : upon Shigyonoth.
2 O Jehovah, I have heard thy fame, I have feared ; Jehovah,
thy work, in the midst of the years revive thou it ; in the midst
of the years thou wilt make it known : in wrath thou wilt re
member mercy.
3 God shall come from Taiman ; and the Holy One from Mount
Paran, Selah : His beauty has [then] covered the heavens ; and
His praise has [then] filled the earth.
4 And there shall be a brightness like the sunlight ; and rays
shall be to Him from His hands ; and there shall be the hiding
of His power.
5 A pestilence shall go before him : and lightning shall go
out at His feet.
6 He has stood and shaken the earth, He looked and made
the nations tremble ; and the everlasting mountains scattered
themselves ; the eternal hills sank down : to Him are the goings
of eternity. 7 Under affliction, I have seen the tents of Cushan : the tent
curtains of the land of Midian, they trembled.
8 Is it against the rivers Jehovah has been wroth? Whether
is thine anger against the rivers ; or, thy wrath against the
sea : that thou wilt ride upon thy horses, thy chariots of sal
vation. 9 Thy bow shall be made bare with barrenness ; sated shall be
the chastisements of His word, Selah : thou wilt cleave the earth
with rivers.

HABAKKUK. 79
10 The mountains [when] they have seen thee shall writhe ;
a storm of waters has passed by : the deep gave forth its voice ;
it lifted up its waves on high.
11 Sun, moon, stood back in their dwelling : at the light of
thine arrows they will go about ; at the brightness of thy glitter
ing spears.
12 In indignation thou wilt march over the earth : in anger
thou shalt stamp down the nations.
13 Thou hast gone forth for the salvation of thy people ; for
the salvation of thine anointed ones : thou hast deeply wounded
the head of the house of the wicked man [Anti-Christ] laying
bare the foundation even to the neck, Selah.
14 Thou didst pierce by his staves the chief of his nobles ;
they shall come out as a whirlwind to scatter me : their rejoic
ing shall be as to devour the poor secretly.
15 Thou didst go in the sea with thy horses : the turbid
mighty waters.
16 I heard, and my belly trembled ; at the voice my lips
quivered ; [He was in alarm and pain, and added] rottenness
shall come into my bones, and within me I shall tremble : since
I would rest in the day of trouble ; for on his coming up unto the
people, he will attack them with his troops.
17 [But] Although the fig tree shall not blossom, and there
shall be no produce on the vines ; though the yield of the olive
has failed ; and the fields have made no food . the flock is cut off
from the fold, and there shall be no cattle in the stalls.
18 Yet, I will rejoice in Jehovah : I will joy in the God of my
salvation. 19 Jehovah, the Lord, is my strength ; and He has placed my
feet as the hinds ; and upon my high places, He will come to
walk : To the Chief Musician of my songs.

ZEPHANIAH.

Zephaniah predicts a judgment upon the whole world, — men,
cattle, the birds of the heaven, and the fishes of the sea. He
treats more fully of the judgment upon the Jews and Jerusalem
as the Jews are, after the judgment, to become again God's
acknowledged people ; but all nations will be involved when the
great and terrible day shall break upon the world. The time
formulas indicate that these events are to transpire at that time.
In the first chapter they are to be found in verses 7, 8, 9, 10, 14,
15, 16, 18. In the second chapter, in verse 2. In the third chap
ter in verses 11, 15 (enemy), 16, 19, and 20.
Bucer wrote in 1528, "If any one wishes all the secret oracles
of the prophets to be given in a brief compendium, let him read
through this brief Zephaniah."
Zephaniah was a prophet of the Southern Kingdom. - He
prophesied 640 to 609 b. c. CHAPTER I.
1 The word of Jehovah which was to Zephaniah, son of
Cushi son of Gedalyah.; son of Amariah son of Chizkiyah ; in
the days of Josiah son of Amon king of Judah.
2 I will utterly sweep away everything from the face of the
ground, saith Jehovah.
3 I will sweep away man and cattle, I will sweep away the
fowl of the heaven, and the fishes of the sea ; and the stumbling
blocks [or idols] together with the wicked : and I will cut off
man from off the face of the ground, saith Jehovah.
4 And I will stretch my hand over Judah and over all the
dwellers of Jerusalem : and I will cut off from this place the
remnant of the Baal ; the name of the illegal together with
the lawful priests.
5. And those who are bowing down upon the roofs, to the
host of the heavens : and those who are bowing down, that have
been sworn to Jehovah ; and that have been sworn by their king.
[80]

ZEPHANIAH. 81
6 And those who have been backsliding from following after
Jehovah : and who have not sought Jehovah, nor have they in
quired for Him.
7 Hush [/. <;.. be silent]; at the presence [or second coming] of
the Lord Jehovah : for near is the day of Jehovah ; for Jehovah
has prepared a sacrifice, He has sanctified His called ones.
8 And it shall be in tlie day of Jehovah's sacrifice ; and I will
punish the princes and the king's sons : and upon all that arc
clothed with heathenish garments.
9 And I will punish every one who is leaping upon the
threshold in that day : which are filling the house of their Lords
with violence and deceit.
10 And it shall be in that day saith Jehovah, a voice of a cry
from the fish gate and a howling from the second ; and a great
destruction from the hills.
11 Howl ye, dwellers of the Maktesh : for all the people of
Canaan have been cut off ; they have been cut off all those laden
with silver.
12 And it shall be, at that time; I will search Jerusalem with
lights: and I will punish the men that are congealed upon their
lees ; who are saying, in their heart ; Jehovah will not do good
nor will he do evil.
13 And their wealth shall be for a spoil ; and their houses for
a desolation : and they shall build houses and not dwell [in
them] ; and they shall plant vineyards ; but they shall not
drink their wine.
14 Near is the day of Jehovah, the great one ; it is near and
hasting exceedingly: the sound of the day of Jehovah; the
mighty man is bitterly crying there.
["In order to depict more fully the terrible character of
this day, " says Kiel, "Zephaniah crowds together in verses 15
and 16 all the words supplied by the language to describe the
terrors of the judgment."]
15 A day of wrath is that day : a day of trouble and distress,
a day of ruin and desolation ; a day of darkness and thick dark
ness ; a day of a cloud and thick gloom.
16 A day ot the trumpet and the war shout: upon the forti
fied cities ; and upon the high corner towers.
17 And I will bring distress upon men, and they shall go
like the blind ; for they have sinned against Jehovah : and their
6

82 ZEPHANIAH.
blood shall be poured out like dust and their flesh like dung balls.
18 Even their silver, even their gold shall not be able to de
liver them, in the day of the wrath of Jehovah ; and in the Are of
his jealousy the whole earth shall be consumed ; for an end, yea
a terrific one He shall make ; with all the dwellers of the earth.
CHAPTER II.
1 Gather yourselves, and gather ye : O nation that hath no
shame. 2 Before a bringing forth of the decree : like chaff the day
has passed : before there shall come upon you the fierce anger
of Jehovah ; before the day of Jehovah's anger shall come over
you. 8 Seek ye Jehovah, all ye distressed of earth ; who have
wrought his judgment : seek ye righteousness, seek ye humility;
peradventure ye shall be hidden in the day of Jehovah's anger.
4 For Gaza shall be forsaken ; and Ashkelon for a desolation :
they shall drive out Ashdod at the noon time ; and Ekron shall
be rooted up.
5 Woe, dwellers of the region of the sea, the nation of the
Cherethites : the word of Jehovah is upon you, O Canaan, land
of the Philistines ; and I will destroy thee that there shall be no
inhabitant. 6 And the region of the sea shall be pastures, wells for shep
herds and for folds of sheep.
7 And the coast shall be for the remnant of the house of
Judah, upon them they shall feed [their flocks]: in the houses of
Ashkelon, in the evening, they shall lie down ; for Jehovah their
God shall visit them and shall turn their captivity.
8 I have heard the reproach of Moab ; and the revilings of the
sons of Ammon : whereby they have reproached my people ; and
made themselves great against their border.
9 Therefore as I live saith Jehovah of Hosts God of Israel,
that Moab shall be as Sodom and the sons of Ammon as Gomor
rah ; a spreading out of nettles and salt pits and a desolation
forever : the remnant of my people shall spoil them and the
residue of my people shall inherit them.
10 This shall be to them for their pride : because they have
reproached and made themselves great against the people of
Jehovah of Hosts.

ZEPHANIAH. 83
11 Fearful is Jehovah over them ; for He has consumed I all
the gods of the earth : and they shall bow down to him, every
man from his place ; all the islands of the nations.
12 Also ye Ethiopians ; slain of my sword [the Anti-Christ]
they shall be.
13 And He [the bearer of my sword] shall stretch out His
hand against the North and shall destroy Assyria : and He shall
make Nineveh for a desolation ; a dry land like the wilderness.
14 And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her, all the
beasts of the nations ; also the pelican, also the hedgehog shall
lodge in her chapiters : a voice shall sing in the window, desola
tion at the threshold ; for he hath uncovered the cedar work.
15 This is the joyous city, she that dwells in security ; she is
saying in her heart ; I am and there is none else beside me : how
has she become a desolation, a resting place for the beast ; every
one passing by her shall hiss and wave his hand.
CHAPTER III.
1 Woe rebelling, and being polluted : the oppressing city.
2 She has not obeyed the voice ; she has not accepted correc
tion : in Jehovah she has not confided ; unto her God she has
not drawn near.
3 Her princes in her midst are roaring lions : her judges are
evening wolves ; they leave not a bone till the morning.
4 Her prophets are vainglorious ; men of treachery: her priests
have profaned the holy place ; they have done violence to the law,
5 Jehovah, is righteous in her midst ; He will do no iniquity :
every morning his judgment He will bring to the light, it has
not been wanting ; but the unjust is not knowing shame.
6 I have cut off nations, their corner towers have been deso
lated ; I have laid waste their streets, without one passing by :
their cities have been destroyed without a man [remaining] for
there is no inhabitant.
7 I have said, surely thou wilt fear me, thou will accept cor
rection ; and her dwelling should not be cut off ; all which I had
appointed unto her : but they rose early they corrupted ; all
their doings.
8 Therefore wait ye for me, saith Jehovah ; for the day of my
rising up for the prey : for my judgment [is near] to gather the
nations, for my gathering the kingdoms, to pour out upon them

84 ZEPHANIAH.
my indignation, all the fury of my anger ; for by the fire of my
jealousy ; all the earth shall be consumed.
9 For then I will change unto the peoples a pure language :
to call all of them on the name of Jehovah ; to serve Him with
one shoulder.
10 From over the rivers of Ethiopia my suppliants, the
daughter of my dispersed ; they shall bring my offering.
11 In tliat day [prophetic formula for second coming] thou
shalt not be ashamed for all thy doings ; which thou hast trans
gressed against me : for then I will remove from thy midst the
exulters of thy pride ; and thou shalt no more be haughty in my
holy mountain.
12 And I will cause to remain in thy midst ; an afflicted and
poor people : and they shall trust in the name of Jehovah.
13 The "remnant " of Israel shall not do inquity, nor shall
they speak a lie ; nor shall the tongue of deceit be found in their
mouth : for they, they shall feed and lie down and none is caus
ing them to fear.
14 Sing, O daughter of Zion ; shout, O Israel : be thou glad
and exult with all thy heart O daughter of Jerusalem.
15 Jehovah hath removed thy judgments ; He hath cleared
away thy enemy [who will be the Anti-Christ] : the King of Is
rael, Jehovah, is in the midst of thee; thou shalt not fear evil again.
16 In that day [prophetic formula] ; it shall be said to Jerusa
lem don't fear : O Zion don't relax thy hand.
17 Jehovah, thy God, in the midst of thee, is an exceedingly
mighty Man, he shall save : he shall rejoice over thee with glad
ness, he will be silent in His love ; he will exult over thee with
singing. 18 The mourners because of the solemn meeting I have gath
ered [to myself] for from thee they were : a burden, a reproach
on her account.
19 Behold me, at that time [another formula] dealing with all
those that afflict thee : and I will save the limping one and her
that has been cast out I will gather ; and I will place them for a
praise and for a name in every land : of their shame.
20 At that time [another formula] I will bring you ; even in
the time of my collecting you : for I will give you for a name
and for a praise among all the people of the earth ; on my turn
ing your captivity before your eyes, saith Jehovah.

HAGGAI.

" Haggai" means "my feast," and his prophecy forebodes
good to the Jews. He prophesied 520 to 512 b. c, after the return
from the captivity. The prophetic portion of the book, is in
chapter 2 : 6-9, 20-23. These eight verses, forming two separate
paragraphs in the Hebrew Bible, describe what will happen at
the second coming of Jesus. It is the time when He shall shake
the heavens, and the earth, and the sea, and the dry land, and
all the nations too. The people that remain, after this shaking,
shall be desirous of visiting the city of Jerusalem for two rea
sons : first, because the King, Jehovah Jesus, having come back
to earth, will be there in person; and second, because He will
have re-built the Temple and in consequence it will be the at
tractive point as Jesus will fill that house with his glory 1 He con
trasts Solomon's Temple with that of His building, and calls
Solomon's the first and His the last. He affirms that the glory of
this last house shall be greater than that of the first house,
although we know from 2 Chron. 7 : 2 that "the glory of Jeho
vah had filled the [first] house."
CHAPTER I.
1 In the second year of Darius the king ; in the sixth month ;
in the first day of the month : the word of Jehovah was by the
hand of Haggai the prophet, unto Zerubbabel, son of Shealtiel,
governor of Judah ; and unto Joshua son of Jehozadak the great
priest, saying,
2 Thus hath Jehovah of Hosts said, saying : this people have
said ; the time has not come, the time of Jehovah's house to be
built. 3 And the word of Jehovah was by the hand of Haggai the
prophet, saying,
4 Is it a time for you, O ye ; to dwell in your wainscoted
houses : and this lies waste. [85]

86 HAGGAI.
5 And now ; thus Jehovah of Hosts hath said : Set your
heart upon your wages.
6 Ye have sown much and brought in little, eating and there
is no abundance, drinking and there is no exhilaration ; clothing
but there is no warmth to it : and he who laboreth for wages ;
works for wages into a perforated purse.
7 Thus Jehovah of Hosts hath said : Set your heart upon
your wages.
8 Ascend ye the mountain, and bring wood, and build ye the
house : and I will take pleasure in it and I will be glorified
Jehovah has said.
9 Looking for much, and behold [it came] to be little ;
and ye brought it home, and I blew against it : for what reason ?
saith Jehovah of Hosts ; because of my house that lieth waste ;
and ye are running every man to his own house.
10 Therefore on your account, the heavens are restrained
from dew : and the earth has withheld her increase.
11 And I called a drought upon the earth and upon the
mountains, and upon the corn, and upon the new wine and upon
the new oil; and upon what the ground shall produce: and
upon man, and upon the cattle ; and upon all the labor of their
hands. 12 Then hearkened Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and Joshua
son of Jehozadak, the great priest and all the remnant of the
people, unto the voice of Jehovah their God and unto the words
of Haggai the prophet for the reason that Jehovah their God had
sent him : and the people feared before Jehovah.
13 And Haggai the messenger of Jehovah said by a message
of Jehovah to the people, saying : I am with you saith Jehovah.
14 And Jehovah stirred up the spirit of Zerubbabel son of
Shealtiel governor of Judah, and the spirit of Joshua son of
Jehozadak the great priest ; and the spirit of all the remnant
of the people : and they came and did the work on the house
of Jehovah of Hosts, their God.
15 "On the four and twentieth day, in the sixth month : in the
second year of Darius the king.

HAGGAI. 87
CHAPTER II.
1 On the seventh ; on the twenty-first day of the month : the
word of Jehovah was by the hand of Haggai the prophet,
saying. 2 Say how, unto Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, governor of
Judah ; and unto Joshua son of Jehozadak, the great priest : and
unto the remnant of the people, saying.
3 Who among you that is left ; who saw this house in its
glory the first : and what are ye seeing now ; is it not as it is, as
nothing, in your eyes ?
4 And now be strong O Zerubbabal, saith Jehovah, and be
strong O Joshua son of Jehozadak the great priest and be strong
all the people of the land saith Jehovah, and work ye : for I am
with you saith Jehovah of Hosts.
5 [In conformity with] The word which I ratified with you
on your coming out of Egypt and my Spirit is standing in your
midst : Don't fear.
6 For thus Jehovah of Hosts hath said ; [the topic is here the
coming of Jehovah Messiah to set up His Kingdom] yet once, a
little time it is : and I, am causing to shake, the heavens and
the earth ; and the sea and the dry [land].
7 And I will cause to shake all the nations; and they shall
come to [Jerusalem] the desire of all the nations : and I will fill
this house [then to be] with glory ; Jehovah of Hosts has said.
8 Mine is the silver, and mine is the gold : saith Jehovah of
Hosts. 9 Greater shall be the glory of this last house than the first;
Jehovah of Hosts hath said : and in this place I will give peace ;
saith Jehovah of Hosts.
10 In the four and twentieth of the ninth [month] in the sec
ond year of Darius : the word of Jehovah was ; by the hand of
Haggai the prophet, saying.
11 Thus Jehovah of Hosts hath said : Ask now the priests
the law, saying.
12 Whether a man may carry holy flesh in the skirt of his
garment and may touch by his skirt against the bread or against
the pottage or against the wine or against the oil or against any
food, shall it be holy : and the priests shall answer and they
shall say, No.

88 HAGGAI.
13 And Haggai said ; if an unclean person shall touch
against any of these shall it be unclean : and the priest* answered
and they said, it shall be unclean.
14 And Haggai answered and said, So is this people and so is
this nation before me saith Jehovah ; and so are all the works of
your hands : and what they shall offer to me there unclean it is.
15 And now, set ye I pray you to your heart ; from this day
and beyond : from before to place a stone upon a stone in the pal
ace or temple of Jehovah.
16 From their so being one came to a heap of sheaves ; and it
was ten : one came to the vat to draw fifty poorah ; and it was
twenty. 17 I have smitten you with the blasting and with the mildew
and with the hail ; with all the works of your hands : and ye are
not [turning] unto me saith Jehovah.
18 Set ye, I pray you, to your heart from this day and for
ward : from the twenty-fourth of the ninth month, from the
day when the temple of Jehovah had been founded, set ye it to
your heart.
19 Is the seed yet in the barn; and even the vine and the fig
tree and the pomegranate and the olive tree hath not borne :
from this very day I will bless thee.
20 And the word of Jehovah was the second time unto Hag
gai ; in the twenty-fourth day of the month, saying.
21 Say thou unto Zerubbabel, governor of Judah, saying: I
am causing to shake the heavens and the earth.
22 And I will overturn the throne of kingdoms, and I will de
stroy the strong one [or sovereign, Anti-Christ] of the kingdoms
of the nations : and I will overturn the chariot and her riders ;
and they shall go down, horses and their riders : every man by
the sword of his brother.
23 In that day saith Jehovah of Hosts I will take thee Zerub
babel son of Shealtiel my servant, saith Jehovah ; and I will
place thee as a seal: for I have chosen thee saith Jehovah of
Hosts.

ZECHARIAH.

Zechariah prophesied 520 to 510 b. c. It was after the return.
This book contains, in the first six chapters, nine visions, all had
in one night. In the seventh chapter, after two years of silence,
the question was asked : "Shall I weep, as I have done these so
many years ?" i. e., during the seventy years of the captivity;
and the question is answered in the seventh and eighth chapters,
with glorious millennial predictions in the eighth chapter. The
ninth, tenth, and eleventh chapters together contain a "bur
den," or sentence, or doom, pertaining to the last days ; and the
twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth chapters to still another doom
for the same time, or closely following.
Twenty-seven times formulas occur, fixing the time as that of
the second coming of Jesus. They are: 1:16; "I am re
turned;" 8:3: "lam returned;" 8:23: "In those days;"
14 : 1 : " The day of the Lord ; " 14 : 3 : " Then shall the Lord go
forth; " 14:5: "The Lord shall come;" 14:7: " It shall be
one day. " And there remain twenty of these formulas indicated
by the expression "in that day," as in 2:11; 3:10; 9:16;
11 : 11 ; 12 : 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11 ; 13 : 1, 2, 4 ; 14 : 4, 6, 8, 9, 13, 20, 21.
The first six chapters contain about thirty symbols ; and
symbols are prophecies of future events. They are : in the first
vision, " horseman " in 1 : 8-11 and " horses " in 1 : 2-8. In the
second vision, "horns and carpenters;" in the third vision, a
"man and a measuring line ; " in the fourth vision, a "stone of
seven eyes ; " in the fifth vision, a " candlestick of gold and its
bowl," its "seven lamps and pipes," its "two olive trees," and its
future house, or ' ' Temple ; " in the sixth vision, the ' ' flying roll, ' '
explained in chapter 5 :3, 4 ; in the seventh vision, the "ephah,"
that "wicked woman," with its "talent of lead" and " two
women " in the ephah, and the " house in Shinar ; " in the eighth
vision, the " four chariots " and "two mountains of brass" and
"four different colored horses," explained in chapter 6:5; in
[89]

90 ZECHAEIAH.
the ninth vision, "four crowns- and horns " disposed of and a
"new temple" is seen, and the "Man" whose. name is the
"Branch." The seventh and eighth chapters are didactic ; and the last
six are prophetical. They all unite in describing events that will
transpire at and after the second coming of Jesus. The com
mentators, without exception, look back to Alexander's con
quests in Syria, and to Maccabean victories for a fulfilment of
these prophecies. Therefore, avoid all commentators.
CHAPTER I.
1 In the eighth month ; in the second year to Darius : the
word of Jehovah came, unto Zechariah, son of Berechyah : son
of Iddo the prophet, saying,
2 Jehovah hath been greatly angry, with your fathers.
3 And thou shalt say unto them, thus Jehovah of Hosts hath
said ; return ye unto me ; saith Jehovah of Hosts : and I will
return unto you ; Jehovah of Hosts hath said.
4 Do not be like your fathers, when the former prophets
called unto them, saying, thus Jehovah of Hosts hath said ; turn
ye now from your evil ways ; and from your evil deeds : but
they would not hear, nor would they hearken unto me, saith
Jehovah. 5 Your fathers, where are they : and the prophets ; shall they
live forever ?
6 But my words and my statutes which I have commanded
with my servants the prophets ; is it not they have overtaken
your fathers : and they returned and said, according as Jehovah
of Hosts has thought to do to us, according to our ways, and ac
cording to our actions ; so He has done with us.
[New paragraph. The first six verses are an introductory
exhortation.] 7 On the twenty and fourth day of the eleventh month, it
is the month of Shebat; in the second year of Darius : came the
word of Jehovah unto Zechariah, son of Berechyah son of Iddo
the prophet, saying,
[First vision.]
8 I have seen this night, and behold a man riding on a red
horse; and He standing among the myrtle trees, which are in

ZECHARIAH. 91
the hollow : and behind Him were red horses ; speckled and
white. 9 And I said, what are these sir : and he said unto me, the
angel that was speaking with me, I will show thee, what
these are,
10 And the man [of verse S] that was standing among the
myrtles, answered and said : these [are they] whom Jehovah has
sent to walk about in the earth.
11 And they answered the angel Jehovah [the man of verse
8] He who was standing among the myrtle trees ; and they said,
we have walked about in the earth : and behold all the earth is
dwelling and resting.
12 And the angel Jehovah answered and He said [the man,
the servant, addressed His Father] Jehovah of Hosts ; how long
wilt thou not have mercy with Jerusalem and with the cities of
Judah : which thou hast been angry with these seventy years.
13 And Jehovah answered the angel who was speaking with
me good words : comforting words.
14 And the angel that was speaking with me answered, cry
saying, thus Jehovah of Hosts hath said I have been jealous for
Jerusalem and for Zion with a great jealousy.
15 And with a great anger I am angry over the nations that
are at ease ; since I was angry a little ; and they aided for evil.
16 Therefore, thus saith Jehovah, Ihave returned to Jerusalem
with mercies; my house shall be built in it saith Jehovah of Hosts ;
and a line shall be inclined over Jerusalem.
17 Again cry thou saying, thus saith Jehovah of Hosts ;
again my cities shall spread abroad for good : and Jehovah shall
comfort Zion again ; and He shall again choose in Jerusalem.
[Verses 18-21 form the first four verses of chapter two in the
Hebrew Bible. They begin the second vision.]
CHAPTER II.
[Second vision]
1 And I lifted up my eyes, and saw ; and behold four horns.
[They symbolize nations, or world powers.]
2 And I said : unto the angel, who spoke with me, what are
these : and he said unto me ; these are the horns [Babylon, Per
sia, Greece, and Rome] which have scattered Judah, Israel and
Jerusalem.

92 ZECHAEIAH.
3 And Jehovah showed me ; four carpenters [or artificers].
4 And I said : what are these coming to do : and he said say
ing, these are the horns which have scattered Judah, so that no
man could lift up his head ; but these [carpenters] are come to
terrify them ; to cast out the horns of the nations which are lift
ing up a horn against the land of Judah to scatter it.
[D. N. Lord, in Vol. 9, p. 326, of his "Literary Journal," says :
"Hoffman has conclusively proven and Baumgarten has more
fully elaborated his view, that the four horns and four carpenters,
as well as the four chariots of Zechariah's vision (1: 18-21 ; 6 : 1-8)
refer to the four world monarchies of Daniel. It is only in the
light of this connection that the prophecy concerning Javan, or
Greece, that Zech. 9 : 13, etc., can be properly understood."]
[Third vision]
5 And I lifted up my eyes, and I saw and behold a man : and
in his hand a measuring line.
6 And I said, where art thou going : and he said unto me ; to
measure Jerusalem ; to see how great is her breadth and how
great is her length.
7 And behold, the angel, he who spake with me, going out :
and another angel ; coming forth, to meet him.
8 And he said unto him, Run, speak to this young man, say
ing : " unwalled towns," Jerusalem shall inhabit ; for the abun
dance of men and cattle m her midst.
9 And I, I will be to her, saith Jehovah, a wall of fire round
about : and for a glory /will be in her midst.
10 Ho, ho, and flee ye, from the land of the North, saith
Jehovah : for like as the four winds of heaven, 1 have spread you
out, saith Jehovah.
11 Ho, Zion, deliver thyself : inhabitress of the daughter of
Babylon. [Rev. 18 : 21.]
12 For thus Jehovah of Hosts hath said: after glory ; He hath
sent me : to the nations which are spoiling you : for he that is
touching against you, is touching against the apple of His eye.
13 For behold me, waving my hand over them , and they
shall be a spoil to their servants : and ye shall know that Jeho
vah of Hosts hath sent me.
14 Shout and be glad, O daughter of Zion : for, behold me
• having come, [second advent] and /will dwell in thy midst, saith
Jehovah.

ZECHARIAH. 93
15 And many nations shall be joined unto Jehovah, in that
day ; and they shall be to Me for a people : and I will dicell in
thy midst ; and thou shalt know ; that Jehovah of Hosts hath
sent me unto thee.
16 And Jehovah shall inherit Judah His portion , upon the
Holy Land . and He shall choose again in Jerusalem.
17 Be silent, all flesh, from before Jehovah : for He has been
roused up from His holy habitation.
CHAPTER III.
[Fourth vision.]
1 And he showed me Joshua the high priest ; standing : be
fore the angel Jehovah : and the Satan standing at his right hand
to accuse him.
2 And Jehovah said unto the Satan, Jehovah will rebuke
against thee, O Satan, yea Jehovah will rebuke against thee ; He
who is choosing in Jerusalem : is not this one a brand, delivered
from the Are.
3 And Joshua was clothed with filthy garments, and standing
before the angel.
4 And he answered and said to those who were standing be
fore him, saying, remove ye the filthy garments from off him :
and he said to him, see, I have caused to pass from thee thy in
iquity ; and to clothe thee with costly garments.
5 And I said : they shall put a clean mitre on his head, and
clothe him with garments ; and the angel Jehovah standing by.
6 And the angel Jehovah testified unto Joshua saying.
7 Thus hath Jehovah of Hosts said, if in my ways thou shalt
walk and my charge thou shalt keep ; and also thou shalt judge
my house and keep my courts : and I will give to thee walkers
as among these standing here.
8 Hear now, Joshua, the high priest, thou and thy friends
who are sitting before thee ; for they are men of wonder : for be
hold me bringing out my servant Tsemach or sprout.
9 For behold the stone, which I have put before Joshua ;
upon one stone seven eyes : behold me engraving her carving,
saith Jehovah of Hosts ; and I will move away the iniquity of
that land in one day.
10 In that day, saith Jehovah of Hosts ; ye shall invite every
man his friend : under the vine and under the fig tree.

94 ZECHARIAH.
CHAPTER IV.
[Fifth vision.]
1 And the angel who spake with me returned ; and he awak
ened me : like a man who has been aroused from his sleep.
2 And he said unto me ; what art thou seeing : and I said, I
have seen and behold a candlestick of gold, the whole of it and
its oil bowl upon its head, and seven lamps upon it; seven
and seven [14, or 49 ?] pipes to the lamps which are upon its head.
3 And two oil trees by it : one from the right of the oil bowl ;
and another upon its left.
4 And I answered and I said ; to the angel who spake with me,
saying : what are these sir.
5 And the angel who spake with me answered and said to me
knowest thou not what these are : and I said no sir.
6 And he answered and said unto me, saying ; this is the word
of Jehovah ; unto Zerubbabel saying : not by might and not by
power ; but by my spirit Jehovah of Hosts hath said.
7 Who art thou, O great mountain [a mountain is a symbol of
a great world government] before Zerubbabel, for a plain: and he
shall bring out the headstone with shoutings : grace, grace to it.
[New paragraph].
8 And the word of Jehovah came unto me, saying.
9 The hands of Zerubbabel have laid the foundation of this
house and his hands shall finish it : and thou shalt know that
Jehovah of Hosts hath sent me unto you.
10 For who hath despised the day of small things : seeing
that they shall be glad and shall see the plummet in the hand of
Zerubbabel, these seven :" the eyes of Jehovah ; they are running
to and fro in all the earth.
11 And I answered and I said unto him what are these two
oil trees; upon the right of the candlestick, and upon her left.
12 And I answered the second time: and I said unto him:
what are the two branches of the oil trees, which by the hand
of the two golden pipes ; are pouring out the golden [oil] from
themselves. 13 And he said unto me, saying ; knowest thou not what
these are ? and I said, no sir.
14 And he said ; these are the two sons of oil : who are stand
ing by the Lord of all the earth.

ZECHARIAH. 95
CHAPTER V.
[Sixth vision. This shows the judgment of the wicked in
Israel, or all the earth, in the "last days."]
1 And I returned ; and I lifted up my eyes, and I saw : and
behold a flying roll.
2 And he said unto me what art thou seeing : and I said, I
am seeing a flying roll ; its length twenty by the cubit ; and its
breadth ten by the cubit. [The dimensions are those of the
temple porch.]
3 And he said unto me ; this is the curse ; [or oath, or execra
tion, or vengeance] which goeth out over the face of all the land
[or earth ?]: for every one who is stealing [up to the present
time, actually] declares [himself] guiltless ; and every one who is
swearing [up to the present time, actually] declares himself
guiltless. [Stealing disobeys the second table of the decalogue,
and swearing, the first.
4 I have brought it forth saith Jehovah of Hosts ; and it
shall come into the house of the thief ; and into the house of the
swearer in my name, to the liar [the Anti-Christ then to be] : and
it shall lodge in the midst of his house ; and it shall consume its
woods and its stones.
[Seventh vision.]
5 And the angel who spake with me went out : and he said
unto me, lift up now thine eyes, and see thou ; what is this that
is going forth.
6 And I said, what is it : and he said, this is the ephah which
is going forth ; and he said : this is the aspect [or iniquity ?] in
all the land.
7 And behold a round weight of lead was lifted up : and this,
a certain woman ; dwelling in the midst of the ephah.
8 And he said, this [meaning another] is that wicked woman ;
and he cast her into the midst of the ephah ; and he cast the
weight of lead upon its mouth.
9 And I lifted up my eyes and I saw, and behold two women
going out, and the wind in their wings ; and to them wings
like the wings of the stork : and they lifted up the ephah ;
between the earth and between the heaven.
10 And I said unto the angel who spake with me : where are
they going with the ephah ?

96 ZECHARIAH.
11 And he said unto me ; to build it a house in the land of
Shinar : and it shall be prepared, and it shall be set there on its
base. [This seventh vision shows, perhaps, the Jewish people sup
porting "the Beast," or Anti-Christ, like the Christian church
in Rev. 17 : 3, 4, 5, Its Babylonish character is fully evidenced
by its position in Shinar.]
CHAPTER VI.
[Eighth vision.]
1 And I turned, and I lifted up my eyes and I saw ; and be
hold four chariots [see note on 2 : 4] going out; from between
the two mountains ; and the mountains were mountains of brass,
2 In the first chariot were red horses : and in the second
chariot black horses.
3 And in the third chariot white horses : and in the fourth
chariot grisled and strong horses.
4 And I answered and said unto the angel who talked with
me, what are these, my lord?
5 And the angel answered and said unto me : these are the
four spirits of the heavens ; they are going forth ; from stand
ing before the Lord of all the earth,
6 As in it, the black horses are going out to the land of the
North ; and the white, have gone out bellied them : and the
grisled have gone out to the land of the South.
7 And the strong ones have gone out, and they have sought
to go to walk about in the earth ; and he said go, walk about in
the earth : and they walked about in the earth.
8 And he cried with me ; and he spake unto me, saying : See
thou, those that are going to the land of the North ; they have
quieted my spirit in the land of the North.
[Ninth vision.]
9 And the word of Jehovah came to me saying.
10 Take from the captivity ; from Heldai ; from Tobiyahoo
and from Yedayah : and thou shalt come, thou, in that day ;
and thou shalt go to the house of Josiah, son of Zephaniah;
when they have come from Babylon.
11 And thou shalt take silver and gold, and thou shalt make
crowns : and thou shalt put [them] upon the head of Joshua,
son of Yehotzadak the Great Priest.

ZECHARIAH. 97
12 And thou shalt say to him saying ; thus Jehovah of Hosts
hath said, saying : behold a Man Tsemach is His name, and from
underneath Him He shall grow up ; He shall build the Temple
of Jehovah. 13 And He shall build the Temple of Jehovah, and He shall
bear the honor ; and He shall sit and shall rule upon His throne :
and He shall be a Priest upon His throne ; and the counsel of
peace shall be between them both.
14 And the crowns shall be, for Helem and for Tobiyah and
for Yedayah ; and for a favor of the son of Tzephanyah for a
memorial in the Temple of Jehovah.
15 And far off ones shall come, and they shall build in the
Temple of Jehovah and ye shall know that Jehovah of Hosts
hath sent me unto you : and it shall come to pass if hearing, ye
shall hearken unto the voice of Jehovah your God.
CHAPTER VII.
1 And it came to pass in the fourth of Darius the King :
the word of Jehovah came unto Zechariah in the fourth of the
month, the ninth of Chislaw.
2 And he sent to the house of God Sharezer and Regem-
Melech and his men : to entreat the face of Jehovah.
3 To say unto the priests which were of the house of Jehovah
of Hosts ; and unto the prophets, saying : shall I weep in the
fifth month ; separating myself ; according as I have done ; this
so many years?
4 And the word of Jehovah of Hosts came to me, saying,
5 Say thou unto all the people of the land ; and to the priests
saying : When ye fasted and mourned in the fifth and in the
seventh, and this seventy years ; was it to me ye fasted?
6 And when ye used to eat and when ye used to drink was it
not ye were eating and ye were drinking?
7 Was it not [because of] the words which Jehovah preached
by the hand of the first prophets ; on Jerusalem's being in
habited and prosperous ; and her cities round about her : and
the South and the plain inhabited.
8 And the word of Jehovah came to Zechariah, saying,
9 Thus saith Jehovah of Hosts saying : judgment of truth
judge ye ; and kindness and services do ye every man with his
brother. 7

98 ZECHARIAH.
10 And the widow and the orphan, the stranger and the
afflicted ye shall not oppress • and the evil of his brother man ye
shall not meditate in your heart
11 But they refused to hearken : and they offered the re
bellious shoulder : and their ears they made heavy that they
might not hear.
12 And their heart they placed an adamant from hearing,
from hearing the law and the words which Jehovah of Hosts
had sent by His Spirit by the hand of the first prophets : and it
came to pass a great anger from Jehovah of Hosts.
13 And it came to pass according as He cried and they would
not hear : so they shall cry and /will not hear, Jehovah of Hosts
hath said.
14 But I will scatter them with a whirlwind over all the na
tions whom they have not known : and the land shall be desolate
after them ; from passing over and returning : and they shall
place the land of desire for a desolation.
CHAPTER VIII.
1 And the word of Jehovah of Hosts came, saying,
2 Thus Jehovah of Hosts hath said ; I have been jealous for
Zion with great jealousy : and a great heat I have been jealous
for her.
3 Thus Jehovah hath said ; I have returned [second coming]
unto Zion ; and I will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem : and
Jerusalem shall be called the city of truth ; and the mountain of
Jehovah of Hosts the holy mountain.
4 Thus saith Jehovah of Hosts ; old men and old women
shall again sit, in the streets of Jerusalem : and every man his
staff in his hand from multitude of days.
5 And the streets of the city shall be filled ; with boys and
girls : playing in her streets.
6 Thus saith Jehovah of Hosts : if it shall be wonderful in
the eyes of the remnant of this people ; in those days : also in
my eyes shall it be wonderful saith Jehovah of Hosts.
7 Thus saith Jehovah of Hosts ; behold me saving my people
from the land of the East : and from the land whence comes
thc sun.

ZECHARIAH. 99
8 And I will bring them ; and they shall dwell in the midst
of Jerusalem : and they shall be to me for a people ; and I, I will
be to them for God ; in truth and in righteousness.
9 Thus hath said Jehovah of Hosts ; make your hands strong ;
ye that are hearing in these days these things ; these words
from the mouth of the prophets : which in the day it has been
founded the house of Jehovah of Hosts, the temple to be built
10 For before those days ; the hire of man was not ; and the
hire of beast was not : and to the goer out and to the comer in
there shall be no peace from the stranger [or Anti-Christ] for I set
every man against his neighbor.
11 But now, not like the first days will I be ; to the remnant
of this people ; saith Jehovah of Hosts.
12 For the seed shall have tin1 peace, the vine shall give her
fruit, and the land shall give her increase ; and the heavens shall
give their dew : and I will cause the remnant of this people to
inherit all these.
13 And it shall be, according as ye were a curse among the
nations O house of Judah and house of Israel ; so I will save you;
and ye shall be a blessing : Do not fear, let your hands be
strong. 14 For thus hath said Jehovah of Hosts ; according as I
thought to do evil to you, when your fathers were angry with me;
saith Jehovah of Hosts : and I repented not.
15 So, again, I have thought in these days ; to do good with
Jerusalem and with the house of Judah : fear not.
16 These are the words that ye shall do : speak ye truth every
man with his neighbor ; truth and judgment of peace ; judge ye
in your gates.
17 And a man, the evil of his neighbor ye shall not think in
your heart ; and the oath of falsehood ye shall not love : for all
this is what I have hated saith Jehovah.
18 And the word of Jehovah of Hosts came unto me saying.
19 Thus Jehovah of Hosts hath said, the part of the fourth
and the part of the fifth and the part of the seventh and the part
of the tenth shall be to the house of Judah for a joy and for
gladness ; and for good feasts ; and the truth and the peace
love ye.
20 Thus hath said Jehovah of Hosts : again, when people
shall come ; and the inhabitants of many cities,

100 ZECHARIAH.
21 And they will go, the inhabitants of one unto another say-.
ing, we will go, going, to entreat the face of Jehovah : and to
seek Jehovah of Hosts : I will go, also.
22 And many people shall come, and numerous nations to
seek Jehovah of Hosts in Jerusalem : and to entreat the face
of Jehovah. 23 Thus hath said Jehovah of Hosts : in those days when ten
men shall lay hold, from all the languages of the nations : and
they shall take hold by the skirt of a Jewish man, saying, we
will go with you ; for we have heard God is with you.
CHAPTER IX.
[The closing six chapters give us two oracles, or dooms. The
first embraces three chapters, and the second the last three. Both
dooms treat of a war between the heathen world and Israel.]
1 Doom of the word of Jehovah against the land of Hadrach ;
and Damascus shall be its resting place : for to Jehovah is the
eye of man and all the tribes of Israel.
[Hadrach is probably the name of a future kingdom, and Da
mascus will be its chief city. The Babylonian conquest of Tyre
had already taken place when Zechariah wrote. The prophecy
does not refer to the time of Alexander, but to the time of the e?id.]
2 And also Hamath shall border by it, Tyre and Zidon though
she be wise exceedingly.
3 And Tyre has built a fortress for herself ; and she has
heaped up silver like the dust ; and fine gold as the mire of the
streets. 4 Behold the Lord will dispossess her; and He will smite her
power in the sea : and she shall be consumed in the fire.
5 Ashkelon shall see and shall fear, and Gaza, and she shall
writhe exceedingly ; and Ekron for her hope has been put to
shame : and the king shall perish from Gaza ; and Ashkelon
shall not dwell.
6 And a bastard shall dwell in Ashdod: and I will cut off the
pride of the Philistines.
[Not yet fulfilled.]
7 And I will take away his blood from his mouth , and his
abominations from between his teeth ; and he shall remain to
our God and bear a prince in Judah ; and Ekron like the Jebusite.

ZECHARIAH. 101
8 And I will encamp [at His second coming] for my house
against an army, from passing over and returning ; and an op
pressor shall not pass over against them again ; for now I have
seen with my eyes.
9 Rejoice exceedingly O daughter of Zion, shout ye O
daughter of Jerusalem, behold thy king shall come to thee ;
righteous and victorious is He ; poor and riding upon an ass ; and
upon a colt the son of an ass. [This was fulfilled at His first
coming. See Matt. 21 : 4-7 The next verse, 10, relates to this
second coming.]
10 And I will cut off the rider from Ephraim and the horse
from Jerusalem ; and the bow of war shall be cut off ; and He
shall speak to the nations : and His rule shall be from sea to sea :
and from the river to the ends of the earth.
11 Also thou by the blood of thy covenant, I have sent thy
prisoners from the pit ; there is no water in it.
12 Turn ye to the stronghold ; ye prisoners of the hope : even
to-day, I am declaring a second time I will return to thee [second
coming]. 13 When I have bent Judah for me. the bow of Ephraim I
have filled ; and I have raised up thy sons of Zion ; against thy
sons O Greece : then I will place thee as the sword of a mighty
man. [Second coming.]
14 And Jehovah shall be seen over them ; and His arrow shall
go forth like the lightning : and the Lord Jehovah shall blow
with the trumpet ; and He shall go forward with the trumpet of
the South.
15 Jehovah of Hosts shall be a shield over them ; and they
shall devour, and shall subdue the sling stones ; and they shall
drink, they shall make a humming noise like wine ; and they
shall fill up like the bowls ; like the corners of the altar.
16 And Jehovah their God shall save them, in that day [of
His second coming] like the sheep of His people : for the stones of
a crown ; lifted up over His land.
17 For how great is His goodness, and how great is His beauty;
corn shall make the young men to flourish ; and new wine the
virgins.

102 ZECHARIAH.
CHAPTER X.
1 Ask ye from Jehovah rain in the time of the latter rain ;
Jehovah is making lightnings ; and He will give showers of rain
to them ; to each herb in the field.
2 For the teraphim have spoken vanity, and the diviners have
seen a lie ; and they will speak vain dreams ; they shall comfort
in vain : therefore like sheep they have journeyed ; they shall be
afflicted because there is no shepherd.
3 Against the shepherds my anger has kindled ; and upon the
he goats I will punish : for Jehovah of Hosts hath visited His
flock, the house of Judah ; He shall place them ; like the horse
of His majesty in the battle.
4 From him is the corner stone, from him the nail ; from
him the bow of war : from him every exactor shall go out to
gether. 5 And they shall be like mighty men, trampling in the dirt
of the streets in the war ; and they shall be fighting ; for
Jehovah is with them : and the riders of horses shall be con
founded. 6 And I will strengthen the house of Judah, and the house of
Joseph I will save ; and I will cause them to dwell, for I have
loved them intimately ; and they shall be as though I had not
cast them off : for I am Jehovah their God, and I will hear
them. 7 And they of Ephraim shall be like a mighty man and their
heart shall be glad as from wine : and their children shall see and
be glad ; their heart shall rejoice in Jehovah.
8 I will hiss for them, and I will gather them, for I have re
deemed them [at the time of the second advent] : and they shall
increase as they have increased.
9 And I will sow them among the peoples ; and in far off
places they shall remember me: and they shall live with their
children and shall return.
10 And I will bring them again from the land of Egypt ; and
from Assyria I will gather them ; and to the land of Gilead and
Lebanon I will bring them ; and there shall not be found for
them. 11 And he shall pass in the sea with affliction: and he
shall smite in the sea [its] waves ; and all the depths of the river

ZECHARIAH. 103
[Nile] shall dry up : and shall be brought down the pride of
Assyria ; and the scepter of Egypt shall depart.
12 And I will strengthen them in Jehovah, and in His name
they shall walk about : saith Jehovah.
CHAPTER XI.
[The nations are gathered vs. Jehovah and his people.]
1 Open thy doors O Lebanon : and a, fire shall consume among
thy cedars.
2 Howl, O fir tree, for the cedar has fallen ; as the mighty
ones have been spoiled : Howl, ye oaks of Bashan ; for the forest
of the defensed has come down .
3 A voice of the cry of the shepherds ; for their glory has
been spoiled : a noise of the roaring of young lions ; for the pride
of the Jordan has been spoiled.
4 Thus hath said, Jehovah my God . feed the flock of the
slaughter. 5 Whom their buyers shall slay and they shall not be guilty ;
and their sellers shall say ; blessed is Jehovah seeing that I am
rich : and their shepherds shall have no pity upon them.
6 For I will not have pity again upon the inhabitants of the
land, saith Jehovah : but behold I am causing the man to come
[the man of sin] a man, by means of his friend and by means of
his king; and they shall break the land [or earth] in pieces;
and I will not deliver from their hand.
7 And I fed the flock of the slaughter ; for account of the
poor ones of the flock : and I took to me two staves, to the one 1
called "beauty," and to the other I called "bands " ; and I fed
the flock.
8 And I destroyed three of the shepherds in one month : for
my soul was weaned against them ; and their soul also abhorred
me. [In Daniel 7 : 3?]
9 And I said ; I will not feed you . that which is dying may
die, and that which is cut off may be cut off ; and those which
are left shall eat ; each the flesh of another.
10 And I took my staff, " beauty " and I cut it : to break my
covenant which I had ratified with all the peoples.
11 And it was broken in that day : and so the poor of the
flock that were waiting on me knew : that the word of Jehovah it
was.

104 ZECHARIAH.
12 And I said unto them, if it is good in your eyes give ye
my wages, and if not forbear : and they weighed my wages
thirty of silver.
13 And Jehovah said unto me, Cast it unto the potter ; the
goodly price ; which I was prised at by them ; and I took the
thirty of silver ; and I cast it in the house of Jehovah, unto the
potter. 14 And I cut my second staff, the "bands " ; to break the
brotherhood between Judah and Israel.
15 And Jehovah said to me ; Take again to thee the vessel of
a foolish shepherd.
16 For behold I am raising a shepherd in the land [or earth]
[the Anti-Christ of verse 6] which shall not visit those that are
cut off, the young man he shall not seek ; and that which is
broken he shall not heal : that which standeth still he shall not
nourish, hut the flesh of the fat one he shall eat, and tear their
claws in pieces.
17 Woe to the idol shepherd, the forsaker of the flock ; the
sword [shall be] upon his arm and upon his right eye : his arm
shall be certainly dried up ; and his right eye utterly darkened.
[The last dooms embrace the three last chapters and the be
ginning of chapter 12.] CHAPTER XII.
1 The burden or doom of the word of Jehovah concerning
Israel ; saith Jehovah, inclining the heavens and founding the
earth ; and forming the spirit of man in his midst.
2 Behold I am placing Jerusalem a reeling basin for all the
peoples round about : and it shall be also against Judah in the
siege against Jerusalem.
3 And it shall be in that day [seven times this time formula,
occurs in this chapter] I will place Jerusalem a stone of burden
to all the peoples [meaning nations] ; all her burdeners shall be
cut in pieces : and they shall be gathered against it, all the na
tions of the earth.
4 In that day, saith Jehovah I will smite every horse with
fear ; and his rider with madness : and upon the house of Judah
I will open my eyes ; and every horse of the peoples I will smite
with blindness.

ZECHARIAH. 105
5 And the princes of Judah shall say in their heart : I will
make strong for myself the inhabitants of Jerusalem in Jehovah
of Hosts their God.
6 In that day I will place the princes of Judah as a basin of
fire by wood, and like a torch of fire by a sheaf ; and they shall con
sume all the peoples round about upon the right hand and upon the
left: and Jerusalem shall dwell again in her place at Jerusalem.
7 And Jehovah shall save the tents of Judah in the begin
ning : that the glory of the house of David, and the glory of the
inhabitant of Jerusalem be not magnified against Judah.
8 In that day, Jehovah shall protect the inhabitant of Jerusa
lem ; and it shall be, he that stumbleth among them in that day,
as David : and the house of David as God ; as the angel Jehovah
before them [not angel of Jehovah].
9 And it shall be in that day : I will seek to destroy all the
nations that are coming against Jerusalem.
10 And I will pour out upon the house of David, and upon
the inhabitant of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and supplication ;
and they shall look unto me whom they have pierced [John 19 : 37] :
and they shall mourn on his account, like the mourning over the
only son ; and to be bitter on his account, as to be bitter over the
first born.
11 In that day, the mourning shall be great in Jerusalem ;
like the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the valley of Megiddon.
12 And the land shall mourn ; each family apart : the family
of the house of David apart and their wives apart ; the family of
the house of Nathan apart and their wives apart.
13 The family of the house of Levi apart ; and their wives
apart : the family of Shimei apart ; and their wives apart.
14 All the families that remain ; every family apart ; and
their wives apart.
CHAPTER XIII.
1 In that day [three times this formula occurs], there shall be
a fountain opened ; for the house of David and for the inhabitant
of Jerusalem : for sin and for uncleanness.
2 And it shall be, in that day, saith Jehovah of Hosts, I will
cut off the names of the idols from the land ; and they shall not
be remembered again : and also the prophets and the spirit of
uncleanness I will cause to pass out of the land.

106 ZECHARIAH.
3 And it shall be, when a man shall be prophesying still ;
then his father and his mother, his begetters, shall say unto him
thou shalt not live ; for thou hast spoken a lie in the name of
Jehovah : and his father and his mother, his begetters, shall
pierce him through when he prophesieth.
4 And it shall be on that day, the prophets shall be ashamed,
every one because of his vision when he is prophesying : and
they will not put on a hairy garment to lie.
5 And he will say ; I am no prophet : I am a man cultivating
the ground, for a man bought me from my youth.
6 And one shall say unto him ; what are these wounds be
tween thy hands : and he shall say ; these with which I have
been smitten in the house of my lovers.
7 Awake O sword [God's sword against His Equal] against
my shepherd and against the man, my companion, saith Jehovah
of Hosts : smite the shepherd [Matt. 20 : 31] and the sheep shall
be scattered and I will turn my hand upon the little ones.
8 And it shall be, in all the land [or earth] saith Jehovah two
parts shall be in it ; they shall be cut off, they shall die : and the
third part shall remain in it.
9 And I will bring the third part into the fire , and I will re
fine them like refining the silver ; and I will prove them as to
prove the gold : he shall call by my name and I will answer him ;
I will say he is my people ; and he shall say Jehovah is my God.
CHAPTER XIV.
1 Behold a day is coming to Jehovah : and thy spoil shall be
divided in thy midst.
2 And I will gather all the nations against Jerusalem to the
battle : and the. city shall be taken, and the houses shall be
plundered and the women shall be ravished : and half of the
city shall go out in the captivity ; and the remainder of the peo
ple shall not be cut off from the city.
[Who is to be leader of "all nations" ? See Joel 3:2; Isa.
29:6; 21 :17; Zech. 12:9.]
3 And Jehovah shall go forth ; and He shall be fighting
against those nations : like the day of His fighting, in the day of
battle. 4 And His feet shall stand in that day [eight times this formula
occurs] upon the Mount of Olives, which is before Jerusalem

ZECHARIAH. 107
from the East ; and the Mount of Olives shall be cleft from its
middle eastward and westward , au exceeding great valley : and
half of the mountain shall remove northward and its [other]
half southward.
5 And ye shall flee to the valley of my mountains, for the
valley of the mountains shall touch unto Azal ; and ye shall flee,
according as ye fled from before the earthquake ; in the days of
Uzziah the king of Judah : and Jehovah my God shaU come; all
the saints with thee.
6 And it shall be in that day: there shall be no light; the
precious ones shall congeal.
7 But it shall be a certain day; it shall be known to Jehovah, not
day nor night: and it shall come to pass at even time it shall be light.
8 And it shall be, in that day, living waters shall go out from
Jerusalem ; their half to the former sea ; and their half to the
hinder sea : in summer and in winter it shall be.
9 And Jehovah shall he for a King over all the earth : in that
day, Jehovah shall be one and His name one.
10 All the land shall be turned like the plain from Geba to
Rimmon ; south of Jerusalem : and it shall be high and shall
dwell in her place, from the gate of Benjamin, unto the place of
the first gate, unto the gate of the corners ; and the tower of
Hananeel unto the vats of the king.
11 And they shall dwell in it ; and there shall be no more a
curse : and Jerusalem shall dwell safely.
12 And this shall be the plague wherewith Jehovah will
smite all the peoples [nations] which have warred against Jeru
salem : his flesh to consume away, and he standing upon his
feet ; and his eyes shall consume away in their holes ; and his
tongue shall consume away in their mouth.
13 And it shall be, in that day, a great confusion of Jehovah
among them : and they shall lay hold, a man the hand of his
neighbor ; and his hand shall ascend against the hand of his
neighbor. 14 And Judah also shall be fighting against Jerusalem : and
the wealth of all the heathen round about shall be gathered, gold
and silver and garments for a great abundance.
15 And so shall be the plague of the horse, the mule, the camel
and the ass ; and every beast which shall be in those camps ;
like this plague.

108 ZECHARIAH.
16 And it shall be, every one that is left from all the nations
which came against Jerusalem : and they shall go up from year
to year to worship the King Jehovah of Hosts ; and to keep the
feast of tabernacles.
17 And it shall be whosoever will not go up from the families
of the earth to Jerusalem ; to offer worship to the King Jehovah
of Hosts : then upon them there shall be no rain.
18 And if a family of the Egyptians shall not ascend nor
come up there not upon them [shall be rain] : there shall be the
plague with which Jehovah shall smite the nations which will
not come up to keep the feast of tabernacles.
19 This will be the sin of Egypt : and the sin of all the na
tions ; which will not come up to keep the feast of tabernacles.
20 In that day, there shall be upon the bells of the horses,
holy to Jehovah : and the pots in the house of Jehovah like the
bowls before the altar.
21 And it shall be, every pot in Jerusalem and in Judah, holy
to Jehovah of Hosts ; and all the sacrificers shall come and they
shall take from them and they shall boil from them and there
shall be no more the Canaanite in the house of Jehovah of Hosts
in that aay.

MALACHI.

Malachi prophesied 420 to 397 b. c. His book contains, as
Professor Keil writes, "one single prophecy, and is condemnatory
throughout." It concerns Israel, with one reference to Edom.
Malachi is the last prophet, and he writes of last things. He
writes of the second coming of the Lord ; and records the com
plaints the Lord will then have made against His people, the
Jews, and the answers they will make thereto. The Jews will
have been gathered to their own land in unbelief, and they will
have their old temple service nominally re-instituted. The
prophet complains, in advance, of what they shall then do and
say. He charges them, (1) with denying God's love (1 : 2), and
the Hebrew reads: "And ye shall say," etc. (2) "The Priests
despise my name " (1 : 6), and the Hebrew reads : "And ye shall
say." (3) They will have " profaned the offering " and asserted
that the table of the Lord is polluted " (1 : 13), and the Hebrew
reads: "And ye shall say." (4) In 2:14 the Hebrew reads:
" And ye shall say, Therefore will God not receive our offering."
(5) In chapter 2 : 17, where the Lord says ye have wearied me,
the Hebrew reads: "And ye shall say." (6) In chapter 3:1
there is a looking back to the first coming of Jesus and His mes
senger, John the Baptist, who prepared the way for that coming
(Luke 1 : 76 ; 7 ¦ 27), and immediately thereon the prophet speaks
of the second coming of Jesus, and of his purifying the Jewish
people that they may offer unto the Lord an offering in right
eousness. Then, it is affirmed, shall the offering of Judah and
Jerusalem be pleasant unto the Lord as in the days of old, and as
informer years. (7) In 3 : 5 there is an allusion to false swearers,
but this clause should read, "And against those who have been
sworn to the false one," meaning the An ti -Christ who will then be
Satan's vicegerent and at the head of all the nations of earth.
(8) In 3 : 7 God charges them with having gone away from His
ordinances, and invites them to return ; and the Hebrew reads :
" And ye shall say." (9) In 3 : 8 they are charged with robbing
[109]

110 MALACHI.
God, and the Hebrew reads, " And ye shall say." (10) In 3 : 13
God says, "Your words have been stout against me," and the
Hebrew reads: "And ye shall say." (11) In 3 : 17 the formula
" In that day " determines the time to be that of the second
coming. (12) In 4 : 1 it is spoken of as " the day that cometh "
that shall burn as an oven. (13) In 4 : 5 there is to be the com
ing of the veritable Elijah, just before the coming of the great
and dreadful day of the Lord.
For the foregoing, and because all the prophets unite, in the
main, in writing of the same time and events ; viz., "the end," I
believe I am therefore the more ready to believe that Malachi has
clone the same thing, more exclusively, probably, than any of
his predecessors.
The Hebrew word that I have so frequently referred to as not
ing what the people shall say in the time to come, is " traamartem,"
a converted future. This form occurs twenty-nine times, and
nine of these arc in this short book of Malachi, where they are
incorrectly rendered because the translators did not discern that
the prophet was depicting a future scene. Eight times out of
the remaining twenty it is properly rendered, "And ye shall
say."
CHAPTER I.
1 A revelation of the word of Jehovah, concerning Israel : by
the hand of Malachi.
2 I have loved you, Jehovah hath said ; and ye shall say in
what hast thou loved us : was not Esau a brother of Jacob saith
Jehovah ; and I loved Jacob.
3 And I hated Esau : and I placed his cities a desolation ; and
his inheritance for the jackalls of the wilderness.
4 If Edom shall say we are broken to pieces, but we will re
turn and we will build the waste places ; thus Jehovah of
Hosts hath said ; they may build, but I will destroy : and they
shall call to them a border of wickedness ; and the people, whom
Jehovah hath indignation against for ever.
5 And your eyes shall see : and ye, ye shall say, Jehovah shall
be great from over the border of Israel.
6 A son should honor his father and a slave his master : but if
I am a father where is my glory and if I am Lord where is my
fear Jehovah of Hosts hath said unto you, O priests, despisers of

MALACHI. Ill
my name ; and ye shall say ; wherein have we despised thy
name. 7 Ye are offering upon my altars polluted bread ; and ye shall
say wherein have we polluted thee : in your saying ; the temple
of Jehovah is contemptible.
8 And because ye will bring near the blind for sacrifice it is
no evil ; and because ye will bring near the lame and tho sick it
is no evil : offer it now to thy governor, shall he accept thee or
shall he respect thy face ; Jehovah of Hosts hath said.
9 And now entreat I pray you the face of God that He will be
gracious to us : from your hand this hath been ; shall He respect
faces from among you ; Jehovah of Hosts hath said.
10 Who is there even among you that would shut the doors ;
and would not light a fire on my altar for nothing ; there is to
me no delight in you. Jehovah of Hosts hath said ; and an offer
ing I will not accept from your hand.
11 For from the rising of the sun and unto its going down,
my name shall be great among the nations; and in every place
incense shall be offered and a pure offering : for great my name
shall be among the nations ; Jehovah of Hosts hath said.
12 And ye, are profaning it : in your saying the table of the
Lord has been profaned ; and its produce, its food is contemptible.
13 And ye shall say behold what a weariness it is and ye
have blown upon it, Jehovah of Hosts hath said ; and ye have
brought the robbed, and the lame and the sick ; and ye have
brought the offering : should I accept it from your hand, Jeho
vah hath said.
14 And cursed is the deceiver, seeing that there is in his
flock a male ; and he is vowing and sacrificing a corrupt thing
to the Lord : for I am a great King, Jehovah of Hosts hath said ;
and my name is feared among the nations.
CHAPTER II.
1 And now, O priests, unto you, is this commandment.
2 If ye will not hear and if ye will not set upon the heart to
give glory to my name, Jehovah of Hosts hath said ; then I will
send against you the curse ; I will curse your blessings : and
also I have cursed it ; because ye are not setting it upon the
heart.

112 MALACHI.
3 Behold me rebuking on your account, the seed ; and I will
scatter dung upon your faces ; the dung of your feasts : and it
shall carry you away with it.
4 And ye shall know ; that I have sent this commandment
unto you : for my covenant is to come to pass with Levi ; Jeho
vah of Hosts hath said.
5 My covenant has been with him, life and peace ; and I gave
them to him for fear, and he feared me : and before my name
he trembled.
6 The law of truth was in his mouth ; and iniquity was not
found in his lips ; in peace and in righteousness he walked with
me ; and multitudes he turned from iniquity.
7 For the lips of the priest should keep knowledge ; and the
law they should seek from his mouth : for an ambassador of
Jehovah of Hosts he is.
8 But ye, ye have departed from the way ; ye have caused
many to stumble at the law : ye have corrupted the covenant of
Levi ; Jehovah of Hosts hath said.
9 And even I, I have made you despised and low to all the
people : in proportion as that ye are not observing my ways ;
but are respecters of faces in the law.
10 Is there not one father to all of us ; has not one God cre
ated us : wherefore, should we act treacherously, a man against
his brother ; to profane the covenant of our fathers.
11 Judah has acted treacherously ; and an abomination has
been done in Israel and in Jerusalem : for Judah has profaned,
the sanctuary of Jehovah, which he has loved ; and married
the daughter of a strange god.
12 Jehovah shall cut off the man that shall do this, the
watcher and the answered ; from the tents of Jacob : and him
that is bringing near an offering ; to Jehovah of Hosts.
13 And this ye shall do a second time ; covering with tears the
altar of Jehovah ; weeping and groaning: for he is no more turning
to the offering ; nor receiving it with acceptance from your hand.
14 And ye shall say, wherefore : on account of that Jehovah
hath been witness between thee and between the wife of thy
youth, because thou, thou hast acted treacherously against her ;
and she is thy companion and the wife of thy covenant.
15 And did He not make one [of the two] seeing that the resi
due of the spirit is to him : and in what manner the one ; he is

MALACHI. 113
peeking a seed of God : therefore ye should be taking heed fn
your spirit and against the wife of thy youth no one shall deal
treacherously. 16 For he hateth divorce Jehovah God of Israel hath said;
and he would cover violence over his garment ; Jehovah of Hosts
hath said : therefore ye should be observant in your spirit,. and
ye shall not act treacherously.
17 Ye have wearied Jehovah by your words ; and ye shall say
in what have we wearied thee : in your saying, every one that
doeth evil is good in the eyes of Jehovah, and in them he has de
light ; or where is the God of the judgment.
CHAPTER III.
1 Behold me sending my messenger ; and he shall prepare
the way before me : and suddenly the Lord shall come to His
temple, He whom ye are seeking and the angel of the covenant
in whom ye are delighting, behold He is coming ; Jehovah of
Hosts hath said.
2 And who can sustain the day of His coming ; and who is he
that is standing on His appearing : for he shall be like a fire of a
refiner ; and like the soap of the washers.
3 And He will sit a refiner and a purifier of silver ; and he
shall purify the sons of Levi and refine them ; like the gold and
like the silver : and they shall be for Jehovah ; those who are
bringing near an offering in righteousness.
4 And it shall be pleasant unto Jehovah ; the offering of
Judah and Jerusalem : like the days of old ; and like the
former years.
5 And I will draw near unto you to the judgment ; and I will
be a swift witness against the sorcerers, and against the adul
terers ; and against those sworn to the false one : [the Anti-Christ
to come] and against the oppressors of the hire of the hire
ling the widow and the orphan and who turn aside the stranger,
and have not feared me ; Jehovah of Hosts hath said.
6 Because I am Jehovah, I change not : therefore ye sons of
Jacob have not been consumed.
7 For from the days of your fathers ye have departed from
my statutes and ye have not observed them ; return unto me
and I will return unto you ; Jehovah of Hosts hath said : and ye
shall say, wherein shall we return.
8

114 MALACHI.
8 Shall a man defraud God, but ye are defrauders of me ; and
ye will say wherein have we defrauded thee : in the tithes and
the heave offering.
9 With the curse, ye have been cursed ; and me ye are de
frauding : this nation, the whole of it.
10 Bring ye all the tithe into the treasure house, and there
shall be provision in my house ; and try me now in this Jehovah
of Hosts hath said : if I will not open to you the windows of the
heavens ; and I will pour out to you a blessing to a superabun
dance. 11 And I will rebuke for you the devourer ; [is he the Anti-
Christ ?] and he shall not destroy because of you, the fruit of the
ground : nor shall he make the vine in the field to miscarry be
cause of you ; Jehovah of Hosts hath said.
12 And all nations shall call you blessed : for ye shaU be, ye, a
land of delight ; Jehovah of Hosts hath said.
13 Your words have been strong against me Jehovah hath
said : but ye shall say what have we spoken against thee.
14 Ye have said ; it is vain to serve God : and what profit is
it, that we have kept his charge ; and that we have walked
mournfully ; before Jehovah of Hosts.
15 And now ; we are calling the proud blessed : also we have
built up the doers of wickedness ; also we have tempted God
and been delivered.
16 Then the fearers of Jehovah were speaking every one with
his friend : and Jehovah hearkened and He heard ; and a book
of remembrance was written before Him, for the fearers of
Jehovah ; and that reverenced His name.
17 And they shall be mine, Jehovah of Hosts hath said ; for
that day ; when I am making a peculiar treasure : and I will
have compassion over them ; acoording as a man should have
pity over a son that serveth him.
18 And ye shall return and discern ; a separation of the
righteous from the wioked : a separation of the servant of God ;
from whomsoever does not serve Him.

MALACHI. 115
CHAPTER IV.
19 For behold the day is coming ; burning like the furnace :
and they shall be, all the proud and all the doers of wickedness,
as stubble ; and the day which cometh, shall burn them, Jeho
vah of Hosts hath said ; which shall not leave them root nor
branch. 20 But to you fearers of my name shall the sun of righteous
ness arise ; and healing in its wings : and ye shall go forth and
spread out like the calves of the stall.
21 And ye shall tread down the wicked ; for they shall be
ashes ; under the soles of your feet : in that day when I am exe
cuting ; Jehovah of Hosts hath said.
22 Remember ye ; the law of Moses my servant : which I
commanded him in Horeb over all Israel ; the statutes and judg
ments. 23 Behold I am sending to you ; Elijah the prophet : before,
there is to come the day of Jehovah ; the great and the dread
ful one.
24 And he shall turn the heart of the fathers upon the sons ;
and the heart of the sons upon their fathers : lest I shall come ;
and I shall smite the earth with a curse.

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Foreign Missions After a Century. By Rev. J. S. Dennis. D.D.
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