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may not reproduce this digitized copy of the book for
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MEMOIR

OF THE LATE

JAMES FILLANS,
SCULPTOR,
W.S.A., S.E.S., AND S.A., LONDON.

"The Sculptor, Painter, and the Bard." — Finlay.

By JAMES ^ATERSON,

EDITOR OF "KAY'S EDINBURGH PORTRAITS;" "POEMS OP THE SEMPIL8 OP EELTREESi" "THE OBIT-BOOK OP AYRj" AUTHOR OF
"THE CQNTEMPOR ARIES OF BURNS;" "HISTORY OF THE COUNTY AND FAMILIES OF AYR," &C.

PAISLEY: ROBERT STEWART, PUBLISHER, CROSS.
GLASGOW: MACLUEE AND SON, 28, BUCHANAN STREET; AND
THOMAS MUBBAY AND SON, 8, AEGYLE STEEET.
EDINBUEGH: JOHN MENZIES.
LONDON : LONGMAN, BEOWN, GEEEN, AND LONGMANS.
AND TO BE HAD OF ALL tEINT AND BOOKSELLEES.
MDCCCLIV.

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GLASGOW:
W. G. BLACKTE AND CO., PBINTEItS,
VIIiLAFJElD.

INTRODUCTION.

We were led to undertake the present Memoir, not only from personal
esteem for Mr. Fillans, but from a conviction that his position as one of
the first sculptors of the age deserved some such mark of respect. Long
and zealously did he labour to exalt the artistic reputation of his native
land — to show that Scotland was capable of excelling in sculpture as
well as in poetry and painting; and when the difficulties against which1
he had to contend are considered, it must be admitted that, prematurely
as his career was brought to a close, he has left behind him ample evi
dence of his success in propitiating the genius of sculpture.
We feel assured that the numerous friends and patrons of the much-
lamented deceased will duly appreciate the effort we have made to pre
serve a record of his struggles and his triumphs, and to gather together —
in at least so far as the pencil can — the more select portion of his works.
These, enhanced by the fact that they are engraved, in numerous instances
from drawings by Miss Fillans, a young lady who inherits much of the
professional talent of her father, will, we have no doubt, constitute the
chief attraction of the publication.
The lives of those who devote themselves to the study of the peaceful
arts, seldom abound in that sort of incident whieh renders biography
attractive to the general reader, and we have refrained from all adventi
tious circumstances, even where a shade of colouring might have been
excusable. We have rather looked upon our task as limited to a judi
cious arrangement of the materials before us — preparing the way, as it
were, for some future biographer, who, with talent and leisure, may

IV INTRODUCTION.
dilate more fully on the many suggestive points in the genius and career
of the departed.. These will be better understood, and probably more ap
preciated, as time advances.
In this view we have been studiously sparing of our own remarks.
Indeed, the letters of Mr. Fillans, addressed from time to time to his
wife, .form an almost uninterrupted journal of his professional transac
tions; and throughout they exhibit not only much fine writing, but
occasional flashes of poetic fire, indicative of a well-cultivated intellect ;
while, by their warmth of feeling, they discover the deep throbbings of a
true and manly heart. From these remains we have drawn, and that
generally in the Avriter's own words, as fully as circumstances seemed to
warrant ; though much yet remains that may be deemed interesting, when
the drop-scene of life shall have fallen on all the contemporary actors.
We have further judged it preferable to quote, from one or other of the
journals ofthe day, some of the passing notices ofthe sculptor's labours,
thus conveying the genuine impression ereated at the time, rather than
trust to our own retrospective account of them. We have, besides, added
one or two poetical effusions by ,the sculptor himself, the result, of
moments of relaxation. If they are not entitled to high literary rank,
they at least show that the writer, like Michael Angelo, had a versatility
of talent and accomplishments truly astonishing in one so little indebted
to fortune as he was. We have also made free with such offerings of the
muse, on the part of others, as his varied creations of the chisel excited.
In this way we have thrown together a melange that may amuse the
casual reader, while to posterity it will convey a more life-like picture of
the artist's career than any, the most elaborate, sketch that could have
been drawn by the most gifted or ambitious pen.
It is a singular and an affecting fact that Fillans, as if foreseeing the
shortness of his career, actually modelled and left behind him subjects
unfinished more indicative of the exuberance and sublimity of his genius
than of a cool calculation of his executive powers. It is deeply to be re
gretted that he did not live to complete at least a portion of these — most
of them being the mature suggestions of his creative faculty. We espe
cially refer to a series of sketches which he has designated the " Liber

INTRODUCTION. V
Novus," taking the idea from Claude Lorraine's " Liber Veritatis." The
plot exhibits great reach of fancy ; and from the finished part of it we
may form some idea of what the rich combination would have been, had
the playful and classic pencil of the artist been wedded to immortal
verse by the author of " Fitful Fancies."* At the same time, we doubt
not that the fragment preserved will be appreciated as it deserves by
the admirers of the lofty and pure. Indeed, we regard this portion of
the work as likely to prove the most acceptable — because it is not less
original in conception, and beautiful in execution, than new to his
admirers. It exhibits, besides, a delightful domestic picture — the young
and fair in search of artistic perfection — and shows how an incident,
apparently simple and unimportant, may be invested with the highest
interest by the power of genius.
To form a just idea ofthe works of Fillans, we must never forget that
he commenced his career under very adverse circumstances, and that his
life throughout was a struggle to maintain an establishment in some
measure proportionate to the position accorded to him as one of the first
of Scottish sculptors, and to bring up his family in a becoming style of re
spectability. To accomplish this he spared himself no labour ; and, in cai'-
rying out the arduous undertaking, it is obvious that little leisure could
be allowed for the indulgence of his fancy in purely speculative pieces. In
other words, he could devote but little time to work not directly com
missioned. Had bis start in life been otherwise, we might have had his
best efforts trebled. He required a competence, as all men do, to give full
scope to his talent.
At the same time, we do not complain of the patronage vouchsafed to
him. On the contrary, we would say that few self-taught men have met
with more early and warm support. He was himself thoroughly sensible
of this. The gentlemen of Paisley and Glasgow deserve the utmost credit
for the manner in which they came forward to befriend the young artist,
* Mr. Kennedy, author of " Fitful Fancies/' had undertaken to write a poem explanatory of
the etchings.

vi INTRODUCTION.
and for the steady encouragement extended to him to the last. In short,
they seemed proud, and justly so, of the aspiring youth, stepping out as
he did in vindication of his country's genius; and we feel it to be no more
than proper, thus publicly to acknowledge their liberality and discrimina
tion. The employment afforded by his private friends, notwithstanding, was
necessarily limited in a great measure to busts and statuettes, and the
practice he experienced in this department of his art, gave him a facility
in modelling portraits which, we are of opinion, has been rarely if
ever surpassed. No man could render marble, in feature and expres
sion, more true to life. But he was ambitious to stamp his name, like
an Angelo or a Canova, on some work of national importance. Many of
. his patrons were not less anxious than himself that he should have an
opportunity of doing so; and we cannot refrain from noticing, to the
honour of Robert Napier, Esq., that the commission for the " Madonna
and Child " came from him, with the generous view that it might afford
the artist an opportunity of proving to the world what flights his genius
was capable of. It was for the same purpose — to exhibit his powers
in an untried walk — that Fillans produced the beautiful series of the
" Wild Horse," working at the time in the face of untoward circum
stances, and with an enthusiasm and assiduity which impaired his health.
It was therefore discouraging in the extreme when he found that, in the
very centre of the district where his talent had been fostered, and amidst
his best friends, the only public statue likely to be erected amongst them
for an age to come, had been secured to a foreign artist, without even
affording him the opportunity of competing. There seems to have been
some strange influence at work. As a proof of the good wishes of at
least some of his patrons, we are aware that more than one gentleman in
timated an intention — should he obtain the commission for the statue of
the Queen — of adding an additional hundred pounds each to their sub
scriptions. We cannot help thinking that the conduct of the committee
on this occasion, in overlooking the claims of native merit, will not be
favourably estimated by posterity. It was not so in Edinburgh, in refer
ence to the statue of the Duke of Wellington, where a native artist

INTRODUCTION. VII
was selected, whose work has fully justified the wisdom of the committee
who appointed him. The overlook made a deep, too deep an impression
on the mind of Fillans. He felt, as all men of high talent and sensi
bility must feel, under a flagrant disparagement of their manifest claims
to public patronage. He appeared to sink in his own estimation, and
both the creative and executive capacity became, as it were, unnerved.
This, we may remark, is not the first time the favourers of foreign
artists in Glasgow have succeeded in diverting the national patronage
from its legitimate object. In 1840, when the present statue of the
Duke of Wellington was about to/be commissioned, a keen contest ensued
on the subject. Before us we have a "Letter to Archibald Alison, Esq.,
F.R.S.E., author of the History ofthe French Revolution, &c, from Archi
bald M'Lellan, Esq., late President of the Glasgow Dilettanti Society, on
Mr. Alison's motion that a foreign artist be employed to execute the
equestrian statue of his Grace the Duke of Wellington, to be erected in
this city," in which the author clearly demonstrates the superiority of the
British school of sculpture, and ably advocates the claims of native
artists. We are tempted to quote one or two passages as corroborative
of what we have stated in reference to the case of Fillans:—" I shall rest
satisfied," says Mr. M'Lellan, "with leaving you [Sheriff Alison] in the
hands of the authors I have named, as a resuscitator of an exploded
theory ; and only add, that the country which in poetry has given birth
to Shakspeare and Milton, to Scott and to Burns; in architecture, to
Jones, Chambers, and Wren; in music, to Locke, Purcell, and Arne; in
painting, to Jamesone, Ramsay, Hogarth, Gainsborough, Reynolds, Hilton,
Martin, and Wilkie, throws off with contempt the imputation of a
national inferiority in the walks of fancy and imagination." Again,
" The instances of neglect of our own most precious flowers of genius for
flaunting exotics, are, unfortunately for the character of the nation, too
numerous ; and, in every walk of literature or of art, we have to endure
the bitter regret of having suffered men of the greatest genius to droop
in penury, or die in despair. In the fine arts, the works of a Wilson, a
Gainsborough, a Hogarth, a Bonnington, and a Hilton, were neglected
during their lives, while the productions of foreign artists were paid for

Vlll INTRODUCTION.
in their weight in gold. Our present high appreciation of tlie works of
these great men has come too late for our character or for their benefit."
With reference to our editorial labours in connection with the present
volume, we may remark, that they have been rendered comparatively
light by the aid received from the family of the. deceased, who devotedly
cherish his memory ; and we have, besides, to acknowledge the kind and
valuable assistance of Archibald M'Lellan, Esq., whose taste and judg
ment in matters of art are well known ; together with that of Captain
D; Campbell, and Mr. John Crawford of the Daily Mail, both of whom
were on terms of familiar intimacy with Fillans.
July, 1854.

Plate 11

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MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.

OBI GIN OF THE NAME-HIS FATHER.
There can be little doubt that tlie patronymic Fillan or Fillans, is derived from the
district in Perthshire called Strathfillan. It may be questioned, however, whether
the «aint of that name conferred it on the locality, or the locality on him. The names
of places in Gaelic are almost invariably descriptive ; and faillean means a fertile or
green spot, so that Strathfillan would signify the green valley At the same time,
there are not a few instances in Scotland of the early saints having given their name
to the place of their ministrations — as,, for example, Kilwinning in Ayrshire, and
Kilpatrick in Dumbartonshire ; and it seems to be taken for granted by most of our
topographical writers, that such has been the case in the present instance also.
Saint Fillan was one of the Culdee propagators of Christianity in Scotland, and
died in 649. Beyond this fact little seems to be known of. his early history.* He was
educated at Kilmun, and became prior of Pittenweem in Fifeshire, where he enjoyed
a high reputation for piety and the power of miracles. He retired, in later life, from
the priorship, to "the sequestered district in Perthshire now called Strathfillan, that
he might enjoy his devotions without intrusion. On the'top of Dun-Fillan, a conical
hill not far from the village of St. Fillan's, a rock is still pointed out as the seat from
whence, it is said, the saint poured down his blessings on the surrounding country ;
and several relics of him, yet in existence, were believed, until comparatively lately,
to be efficacious in the cure of disease, both of the mind and body. Maurice, abbot
of Inchaffery, carried an arm (as supposed) of the saint at the battle of Bannockburn,
where, it is well known, he administered the eucharist to Bruce and his nobles, before
encountering the forces of Edward. The head of the crosier used upon this occasion
was long in the possession of a Highland family who emigrated to America in 1818,
carrying the precious relic with them. It was said to have belonged to St. Fillan,
and to have been in their possession since the period of his death. The custody of it
was confirmed to them by James IL in a letter of -gift, dated 11th July, 1437, which
letter was registered in the books of Council and Session, 1st Nov., 1734. It is
called, in these documents, the Quegrich, signifying in Gaelic, the king's property.
It was about twelve inches long, formed like a shepherd's crook, "of solid silver, gilt,
* Vide Pinkerton's Lives of the Scottish Saints.

10 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
and neatly carved.* In front it had a large pebble, and the figure of our Saviour
on the cross.
Robert the Bruce showed great respect for the memory of the saint. In the heat
of the battle of Bannockburn, it is said he invoked his aid ; and in gratitude for the
victory, erected a chapel and priory on the banks of the Dochart, in Strathfillan,
which he gave to the abbot of Inchaffrey, on condition of one of the canons officiating
regularly in the chapel of Killin.
Near to Killin is the grave of Fingal, whose son Fillan is celebrated by Ossian
as one of the greatest of the Fingallian warriors. If, according to some writers,
Ossian sung in the third century, the name must have existed prior to the days of
the saint ; and may, after all, have been derived from the locality. Whatever the
origin, it is certainly one of the rarest in Scotland. Qilfillan and Fillans are
unquestionably of the same stock. Gil or Gillie is merely a prefix ; and PiUans is
occasioned, according to modern pronunciation, by retaining the letter p in place
of/. In the Gaelic ph sounds- similar to /; and the difference has arisen from the
disuse of the h — in ignorance, probably, of the original necessity for the combination.t
The elder Fillans, father of the sculptor, was himself in the belief that the name
was Fingallian. We have before us his signature, written in full, thus — Ian Mac
Thomas Fillan Mac Fingal.
John Thomson Fillans (his mother was called Thomson) was born in Bathgate
village or parish, and he deserves notice on his own account, as well as from his
connection with the sculptor, having been one of Lord Cochrane's heroes of the
Speedy brig of war. He was the youngest of a large family, and born 9th January,
1775. His father was a gardener. He left home when about fifteen years of age,
in consequence of some pettish feeling, to which high-tempered boys occasionally
give way ; and on learning that he had gone to sea, and determined to remain there,
his father supplied him with the necessary outfit. He joined the naval service in
1791, at the age of sixteen. He was in the fleet in 1794, when, with twenty-five
sail of the line, Lord Howe engaged, on the 1st of June, the French fleet, consisting
of twenty- eight sail. In this well known and glorious victory, two sail-of-the-line
and a frigate, belonging to the enemy, were sunk, and six captured.
The next affair in which he participated was, under Admiral Jervis, at the siege of
Gaudaloupe, where the French had fifteen batteries playing on the British forces
every night for three months. The result was an order from the admiral to spike
the guns, destroy the magazine, and retire in the night, which was done.J

* An engraving of the Quegrich is given in the Illustrated History of Scotland, now in course of
publication. f It is to be borne in mind that celibacy was not practised by the Culdees. It is an ordinance of
the Pope, whose supremacy was unknown to or disputed by that order in the days of St. Fillan.
X Still a mere youth, and offended at something which had occurred to him, he one night made
his escape from the vessel, leaving a considerable sum of money due to him, besides clothes and
other articles, which he never afterwards recovered. It was in consequence of this adventure that
he assumed his mother's name, and called himself John Thomson. One day, when with the Speedy,

ORIGIN OF THE NAME— HIS FATHER. 11
We are not aware whether Fillans was at Portsmouth or the Nore during the
mutinies of the fleets. The next trace we find of him is on board the Speedy brig of
war, mounting fourteen four-pounders, with sixty men, under Captain Dowman,
when, on August 13, 1798, she engaged the French brig Papillon, of eighteen twelve-
pounders and 160 men. After two days' hard fighting the Papillon ran, and Captain
Dowman was not in a position to give chase.
In the same vessel, but under a new commander, Captain J. Brenton, he partici
pated in the capture of three Spanish war- vessels and four merchantmen, which was
accomplished by the Speedy, August 9, 1799, off the Cape de Gata. Subsequently,
in the Gut of Gibraltar, Captain Brenton defeated thirteen Spanish gun-boats within
pistol-shot. About the same time he encountered sixteen gun-boats, beating the
whole of them.
The small brig Speedy was the first command to which Lord Cochrane (now Earl
of Dundonald) was appointed, although he had previously been distinguished by
various gallant actions. He was then only in his twenty-fifth year. With the
Speedy, and his small but daring crew, Lord Cochrane astonished the naval world.
In February, 1801, he engaged a French privateer at Flat Island, off Elba. She ran
into a cove, and the crew erected a battery in an old castle. There being no room for
removing the brig, the crew of the Speedy landed and destroyed her. He was more
fortunate, however, with his next capture, a French brig, the Caroline, which he
boarded off Leghorn. Another privateer, which he attacked at Monte" Christo, ran
into a small cove, where it was impossible to follow. In this action Fillans was
slightly wounded.
On May 5th of the same year Lord Cochrane achieved his first great exploit by
attacking and capturing the Spanish frigate, El Gambo, off Barcelona. The dis
parity between the forces was enough to have appalled the stoutest hearts. The
frigate mounted thirty-two guns, twenty-two of which were long twelve-pounders,
eight long nine-pounders, and two sixty-four -pounder carronades, with a crew of 319
men. His own vessel, the Speedy, had only fourteen four-pounders and forty-four
men and two boys. " But this small crew,v says a writer in Bentley' s Miscellany,
"was worthy of being commanded by such a captain. No sooner did Cochrane
announce his intention of boarding his enemy, than men and boys proclaimed them
selves ready to follow him. The surgeon was obliged to take the wheel. The very
audacity of the attempt disconcerted the Spaniards ; they made a brief, spiritless
resistance, and threw down their arms." The writer of this eulogium does not seem
to have been thoroughly informed on the subject. The prize was not taken without
hard fighting. The captain of the Spaniards, and fourteen men, were killed, and
one of his old commanders came on board with despatches. Our young runaway, having been
ordered to attend to the gangway, was afraid of being recognized, and taken back to his former ship.
The only plan he could think of to prevent so great a calamity was, Proteus-like, to assume as odd a
countenance as possible. Accordingly he puffed out his cheeks and squinted so horribly, that it was
impossible for his companions to recognize him. The officer stared him hard in the face as he
passed, but did not seem to know him.
b2

12 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
forty-one wounded. Of Cochrane's own men three were killed and eight wounded,
including Lieutenant Parker and boatswain Watt. " Many similar achievements
followed/' says the writer alluded to. " During the ten months that Cochrane com
manded the Speedy he captured thirty-three vessels, mounting in all 128 guns, and
manned by 533 sailors and marines."
As Fillans, senior, was in all these affairs, and acted as cockswain to Lord Cochrane,
we shall give a few of the details.
In company with the Kangaroo, Lord Cochrane, July 30, attacked two Spanish
vessels defended by a tower, about two leagues westward of Cape St. Maria. The
tower having been silenced, and the two vessels taken, a landing was effected ; and,
after securing 200 brass guns and a bullock, the tower and church were blown up.
The two vessels also wooded and watered in sight of the whole army, consisting of
horse and foot, of the enemy.
On the 1st of August, in company with the Kangaroo, Lord Cochrane engaged a
Spanish convoy, near Cape St. Maria, covered by a sixteen-gun battery, a twenty-four
gun xebeque, and six gun-boats, with sixteen transports, most of them armed. The
battery was silenced, the xebeque blew up,- and the gun-boats ran round the Cape.
Three of the transports, loaded with provisions, were captured and the remainder
destroyed, as they were incapable of being removed from St. Maria.
Another Spanish brig was destroyed in a similar daring manner. She lay under
the protection of a tower or battery to the east of Gibraltar. Lord Cochrane, darting
in with the Speedy, soon silenced the tower, and the brig, being greatly damaged, was
set fire to. Here Fillans got three of his ribs broken, on account of which he had to
wear a belt as long as he lived.
Fillans, however, had at last the misfortune to be taken prisoner. He was one of
a party of men, fourteen in number, with one twelve-pounder, who attacked a French
privateer off the island of Alboran, near Oran, coast of Barbary, mounting six long
nine-pounders, with sixty- three men. After a running fight of two and a half hours
— their ammunition expended, and many of them wounded — they were turned upon
by the privateer and captured. They were carried into Malaga, in Spain, and con
fined to prison.
Obtaining his freedom — through an exchange of prisoners, probably — Fillans was
shipped on board a six-pounder schooner as a tender to Sir James Saumarez.
This vessel was wrecked on a sand-bank at the mouth of Cadiz harbour, ten days
after his release from prison. The tender split in two, and the men were hanging by
ropes over the sides. In this dilemma six gun-boats came out of Cadiz, and, to use
his own words, " kept blazing away " at them upon the one side, while the British
launches with their carronades, and the barges with their swivels, " peppered away
on the other." Thus, between two fires, they were, almost naked, exposed for a length
of time, till carried off by the pinnace sent for their relief.
This seems to have been his last adventure at sea, having found his way home almost
immediately afterwards. During the entire period of his naval service he had never
once heard from home, and the several letters written to his people had miscarried.

ORIGIN OF THE NAME— HIS FATHER. 13
Some wandering seaman having found his way to Bathgate, gave his friends a circum
stantial account of his death, which they so firmly believed that they put on mourning,
and never again, of course, expected tp see him. On reaching London, Fillans was in
possession of a considerable, sum of money, the proceeds of wages and prize-money.
Sailor-like, he purchased a horse, and resolved to ride, by easy stages, to Scotland. In
this singular journey — singular for that period, when there were smacks by sea and
stagecoaches on land — several weeks were consumed ; and at the inns and hostelries by
the way, he had so accustomed his horse to refreshment as well as himself, that it would
not pass a hanging sign-board without its allowance of corn, and even beer, for he had
taught it to relish a little of the strength of malt. At last he reached Edinburgh, and
felt afraid to go farther lest he might find his friends dead or gone. At the inn where
he put up he found the Bathgate carrier, who, although he had been a schoolmate,
did not at first recognize him, being so much altered. From the carrier he obtained
satisfactory information as to the health of his friends, and by him he despatched a
letter to them, promising to start on his way home next day : but rest he could not
when so near those he loved ; so setting out late that night for Bathgate, he had the
pleasure of intercepting the whole family on their way to meet him. Bathgate held
quite a jubilee for several days in honour of "the sailor's return."
Resolving to " follow war no more," Fillans found employment in connection with
one of the iron-works at Carnwath, and soon afterwards entered into that matri
monial alliance from which sprung the artist whose career we are about to trace. In
choosing a wife he naturally turned his eyes towards his own calf-land, Bathgate
There he and Jean White, of a respectable family in the neighbourhood, were married,
October 14, 1802.* She was nine years younger than himself, having been born
July 18, 1784. They had a numerous family, of whom James, the subject of this
memoir, was- the eldest surviving son.
It will be superfluous to advert further to the hero of the Speedy, as his subsequent
history possesses few points of interest apart from that of his son, than to say that,
upon making certain inquiries about prize-money which he considered due to him, his
old commanders bore honourable testimony to his services, as the following documents
evince : —
" This is to certify that the bearer, John Thomson, served as a petty officer on board H. M.
brig Speedy, under my command, during 1800 and 1801, during which time he is entitled to share of
prize-money, as will appear by the ship's books and prize-lists.
"Hanover Lodge, 12th July, 1836." " Dundonaid.
* An anecdote is told of their courtship which is perhaps worth mentioning here. As in most
cases, " the course of true love did not run smooth " with our hero. Miss White was the belle of
the district, with, of course, abundance of wooers ; and the blunt manners of the seaman were some
what new to the inhabitants of an inland district. Miss White had, it seems, expressed her dis
approval of JacKs suit on that account, and, in high dudgeon, he determined to be off once more to
sea. He accordingly bade his friends adieu, amid great lamentation, and had reached Edinburgh
on his way to the nearest port (Leith), when he was overtaken by a courier with the gratifying
intelligence, that the fair prize had capitulated, and an earnest prayer from his friends that he would
return and have the marriage solemnized immediately. This was done, and his anchor fixed on terra
¦firma for life.

14 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
"I have examined the same John Thomson, and believe that he served on board of H. M.
brig Speedy, under my command, previous to the above dates, for which service he is entitled to shai-e
of prize-money, as will appear by the ship's books and prize-lists. J. Brenton, Pear- Admiral.
"Greenwich Hospital, 12th July, 1836."
We believe Fillans was successful in his attempt to recover the money due to him.
The sum, however, turned out to be very trifling in comparison to what he expected.
While cockswain to Lord Cochrane, it is said he was once called upon to attend
his commander in a duel to which he had been challenged, the emergency of the
circumstances not admitting of a more qualified second. We are, however, unac
quainted with the particulars.
On the late distribution of naval medals Fillans had two awarded to him.
The old man-of-war's-man and his amiable help-mate, who still survives, found a
steady supporter in their truly affectionate son. Latterly both lived with him in
London, where the father died, July 17, 1851, at the ripe age of 78. His remains
were brought down to Paisley, and there interred with every mark of respect and
affection by his family. Fillans designed and modelled a statue, which he intended
to cut out in marble, in memory of the veteran, but death laid himself low ere he had
overtaken the filial task. He had also modelled a bust of his father, and painted a
portrait of him in oil, both remarkable for their fidelity. The latter, of which we
give an engraving, represents him in the ideal character of St. Fillan. He certainly
had a cast of features at once manly and intellectual — hence the fancy of the artist.
It may not be out of place here to record the following facts, as illustrative of
the longevity of the Fillans family ; they are copied from a letter by a cousin in
Bathgate : —
" It may not be improper to mention that there is something particular in the deaths of our grand
father's family — they have all died out according to seniority.
" Jane, Mrs. Shields, the eldest, died first, aged 73 years.
" Margaret, second daughter, died second, aged 73 years.
" William, our uncle, was killed by a blow on the head by a brick, when he was as nimble and swift
as a school-boy, at the age of 65.
" Christina, my mother, the fourth child, died fourth, aged 73.
" John, your father, the youngest, died aged 78.
" Your father has made five years more than any of the family, after all the hardships he had under
went. You will observe that 73 years was the common maximum of the family."

THE BOYHOOD OF THE SCULPTOE.
James Fillans, the subject of our memoir, was born at Wilsontown, in Lanark
shire, on the 27th March, 1808. He was the third born, but the eldest surviving
son of a family of thirteen children. Here he continued until he was about eight
years of age, and had been for some time at the parish school. The family had
hitherto enjoyed comparative affluence, but a reverse came. The concern in which
his father was employed stopped payment — the iron- work was discontinued ; and

THE BOYHOOD OF THE SCULPTOR. 15
thus thrown upon the world, the father, with his young family, removed to Busby,
in the parish of Mearns. Here he rented a small quarry, at the same time devoting
himself to agricultural pursuits. His income, however, was scanty and precarious ;
and the children, as they grew up, had to be put in the way of contributing, however
trifling their aid, to .the common stock. Fillans was, in consequence, only a short
time at school ; and it may truly be said that, in chalking out his future career, he
owed almost nothing to education. Like Castagno, his earliest employment was
that of attending cattle in the fields ; and next, he wrought for a short time in the
Printfield at Busby* His father often carried him on his back to the Printfield,
he having two miles to travel every morning before six o'clock.
Notwithstanding the unfavourable position of the family, it was at this time that
he began to experience the first promptings of genius, and of that ambition which
afterwards became the pole-star of his existence. The mantle fell upon him, not at
the plough, as in the case of the " Bard of Coila," but by the " sunny brae and
broomy knowe," as unwittingly he drank in from the broad and beautiful page of
nature, spread invitingly open before him, impressions of scenes and forms never
afterwards forgotten.
Busby, although no inflated account of it appears in the fashionable guide-books
or gazetteers, is one of the most picturesquely situated villages in Renfrewshire.! It
is placed on the sloping banks of the winding Cart, which here commences its course
through a tortuous but delightful glen of considerable length. Now and again the
banks open up into expansive valleys, adorned with natural wood, and anon jut per
pendicularly forth in huge masses of rock. The house in which the family of Fillans
lived stands within a few yards of one of these gorges, at the lower end of the village.
Two or three bounds, and the youth could be as thoroughly alone in the recesses of
the glen as if no busy wheel or human voice were within miles of him.
The few years spent at Busby may be said to have truly been the inductive period
of his life. As already shown, he owed little to school, and nothing to college.^:
Nature was his chief and best preceptor. In summer, the wild flowers taught him
the beauty and variety of colours ; the birds, by their untutored vocalization, awak
ened the soul of poesy within him ; and in every thing that had .motion, he marked
the wonderful combination of grace and symmetry, the harmony of execution and
design. In what seminary could a youth, gifted with such perceptive powers as the
future sculptor unmistakingly possessed, have drawn lessons of a more impressive,

* His employment here, as a printer's assistant, may have stimulated his taste for design, and the
blending of colours.
t Busby is quite a modern village. The first house erected in it was feued about 1795, by Mr.
William Wallace, now, or recently alive. The mill, printfield, and a few cottages connected with
these establishments, were- previously in existence, but they formed no part of the village properly
so called.
J Since the above was written, we have been informed by Mr. James Wallace, son of the first
feuar of Busby, that the elder Fillans instituted a Sabbath-school in the village, at which his own
-children no doubt attended. He also had tickets printed with verses of Scripture inscribed thereon,
to be given to the children as a reward for good conduct.

16 " MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
though necessarily elemental, character ? In summer, his ideas of construction and
his sympathies were alike exercised in building little houses for his rabbits, and pro
viding them with food. His charge of the cattle did not admit of long absences in
search of rural adventures ; but the scenery around the village of Busby, as we have
already described, is sufficiently picturesque to engage attention within its narrowest
limits. It was perhaps favourable to the early development of his genius that his
youthful steps were, if we may so speak, chained to a circle. It is natural to boyhood
to seek for pleasure in distant objects ; but in his case the mind was thrown back
upon those near at hand, and upon itself. It is curious to notice how slight a bias
sometimes decides our future career.
We are inclined to regard the few years spent by Fillans at Busby with peculiar
interest. He was then at the very age-'— from eight to twelve — when impressions
are most powerfully felt, and the imagination begins to indulge in fancies of ambition.
We have often thought that children brought up in the country have many advan
tages over those immured in towns. The former acquire a knowledge of nature in
aU her varieties of light and shade, which not only may be useful, but afford a con
stant weH of delight in after life ; while the associations of the latter are so tho
roughly artificial, that their respective sources of mental dalliance with the past, are
no more to be compared than are a clump of smoky chimneys to a forest of stately
elms. "The city! the city! ah, weep for him
Of the horny hand, and eye so dim,
Who, reared in the streets half-buried in smoke,
Hath heard of a cascade, a glen, and a rock,
But bright on whose vision hath never awoke,
The forest of hazel-nut trees."
All our great poets, from the days of Ossian downwards, have been " nursed in the
lap of nature." What would Burns have been had he breathed his first inspirations
in the cloudy region of St. Rollox, or mused on the banks of the impure Mollindinar,
in place ofthe delightful land where his lot was cast ? What, too, the Ettrick Shepherd,
had he not been schooled amid the hills and dales of the Border ? Fairyland would
have wanted one of its happiest fllustrators, and the fate of " Bonnie Kilmeny "
remained unsung.
Fillans was essentially a poet. His mental constitution seemed to be wholly
etherial, and he absolutely revelled in the visions of unlimited space. As Words
worth has beautifully said —
" Oh, many are the poets that are sown
By nature ; men endowed with highest gifts,
The vision and the faculty divine ;
Yet wanting the accomplishment of verse,
• Which, in the docile season of their youth,
It was denied them to acquire, through lack
Of culture and the inspiring aid of books ;
Or haply, by a temper too severe,
Or a nice backwardness, afraid of shame."

FILLANS AT THE LOOM. 17
Fillans saw and felt as no one else around him saw or felt. What might appear
common to other eyes, assumed in his a combination of exquisite designs, or of deep
or airy shadowings ; forms the most fanciful, the most delightful, were continuaUy
flitting before the mental retina of his deep set but flashing eye. Unlike Burns—
for in many things the poet and the sculptor resembled one another— he had no early
instructor, such as Murdoch, who took a delight in teaching him the meaning of
words and the grammatical construction of sentences — no one to place books in his
hands, and listen to his measured sentences. Burns could early give expression to
his ideas in appropriate and glowing language. Fillans lacked the ready words to
convey the teeming sentiments of his naturaUy powerful and prolific mind. But
what the tongue failed to do, or perhaps never seriously attempted, the hands were
ready to accomplish. And here it may be remarked, that wherever genius exists,
no matter what the surrounding circumstances, it will work its way, in 'defiance of
all difficulties- Fillans had no model in sculpture, as Burns had in poetry, to excite
him. He had at this time, we believe, never read a sentence in reference to the
glories of ancient art, or even seen a piece of statuary, save, perhaps, some rude
stoneware or stucco-work in his father's or a neighbour's house, or in the village of
Busby; or, peradventure, the statue of Sir William Wallace at Lanark, or of Habbie
Simpson at Kilbarchan ; or he may have caught a glimpse of the far-famed statue of
King William at the Cross of Glasgow— which, as children were wont to believe
from report, always turned round when it heard the clock strike-— upon some
unknown visit to St. Mungo ! We - may aver that he barely knew what statuary
was when he began to fashion forms in the snow ! It was with this wintry element
that he first attempted to model. The snow-ball, rolled by the village youths,
showed him that it might be wrought into other shapes than a sphere. Thus, when
summer no longer invited to the choral bank and his rabbit houses, he plucked, as
it were, the robe from winter, and made it subservient to purposes of intellectual
amusement. "We could dweU long upon this interesting passage of the youthful sculptor's
history. No record remains of his snow-models or their character ; but it is to be
presumed they were such as foreshadowed his future power of design. But we must
hasten from the dreamy land of boyhood, to the commencement of that "battle of
life" upon which he was about to enter.

FILLANS AT THE LOOM.
As his family were now growing up, it appeared to the elder Fillans that Busby
was no longer a proper sphere for him. He therefore removed with his household to
Paisley, where he hoped to find a more encouraging field for the labour of himself
and his children. He opened a small shop for the sale of provisions, fruit, &c, and
continued for many years to struggle hard for a living. James, now fairly into his
teens, had long felt anxious to acquire a trade — some handicraft that he might lean
c

18

MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.

upon in after life ; and as weaving was brisk at the time in Paisley, and no other
advantageous opening occurring, he was apprenticed to the loom, much, it would
appear, against his own inclination ; but he acted from a sense of parental duty, a
feeling which continued strong within him to the last moment of his existence.
The monotonous labour of driving the shuttle was an occupation by no means
suited to the active temperament of the youth ; but he worked on uncomplainingly.
The weaving being then highly paid, the hours of labour were much shorter than
they latterly became, when a less demand, and a greater supply of hands, combined
to reduce the business to long hours and a miserable struggle for existence. Young
Fillans was vouchsafed some leisure in consequence, and those hours were assiduously
devoted to his favourite pursuits. Contrivance in mechanics, and sketching figures
on the walls, or whatever surface most invitingly presented itself, were the absorbing
pastimes of that transition period of his existence, for it was evident that the loom
or the loom's productions would not be the permanent pursuit of his life. The love
of nature, which had, if- we may so speak, sublimed his soul while residing at the
picturesque little village of Busby, still influenced his thoughts and feelings, now that
he was a denizen of the every-day manufacturing world of St. Mirrens. It was this,
no doubt, that actuated him in the fabrication, of a number of bird's-cages — some of
them exceedingly fanciful in design and elegant in construction. " His chef-d'-ceuvre
in this department," says a Glasgow journalist* in noticing his demise, "was a
wheel-cage, turned by a mouse, and surmounted by a model loom, with a weaver,
carved in wood, actually at work, and which went click, click, with a neat regular
movement, as the little imprisoned animal laboured in its dreary treadmill. Of this
achievement the father of the youthful mechanic was not a Httle proud. The auto
maton-weaver was exhibited in the window ofthe house in which the family resided,
and attracted many an admiring group of spectators. Henceforth the boys in the
neighbourhood dubbed him ' the mouse genius/ a soubriquet with which he was not
at all pleased, and which caused him to turn his attention from wood and wire, to a
material in which his strong natural taste for art could be more freely displayed.
" There was then on the banks of the Paisley canal, near Maxweltown Bridge, a
clay-hole, to which, as with an instinctive appreciation of the true bent of his genius,
Fillans, while stiH employed at the loom, began to direct his steps. Under his hand,
to the amazement and delight of his companions, the clay took living shapes, and
represented a variety of curious animals. An elephant, which he had thus modelled,
was regarded as his master-piece ; and the stiff, blue character of the clay imparted
some degree of naturalness, even to the colour of the figure. This early effort at
sculpture he retained for a considerable time."
John Fillans, a younger member of the family, and himself an artist of no mean
pretensions, has a lively recollection of his brother's attempts at modelling. John
was then about five or six years of age. James, older by seven or eight years,
had been reading Blind Harry's Life (modernized) of Wallace ; and, full of heroic
* Editor of the Citizen.

FILLANS AT THE LOOM. 19
ardour, resolved upon modelling the hero's helmet. With this view he prepared a
quantity of clay, had it roUed out, and for want of a better block, clapped it on his
brother's head, and, moistening it well with water, coolly proceeded, to the no small
annoyance of the youth, to model the head-piece of the " wight Wallace !"
Fillans had now been nearly a twelvemonth at the loom; and, but for the indulg
ence of his active mind, when leisure permitted, in the pursuit "of more congenial
employment, the monotony "of his life must have been intolerable. At this period he
could not be supposed to know much of the history of his country, save, perhaps,
what every Scottish boy picks up from the history and traditional stories of WaUace,
and Bruce, and Randolph, and Douglas, and the martyrs, and the Covenanters, and
the " forty-five," told at the ingle-neuk during the long nights of winter. His limited
education and lack of books, though in subsequent years he became a voracious
reader, and a great admirer of old authors, are accountable for this. He knew
enough, however, to appreciate the advent of the celebrated Harry Johnstone at the
Paisley Theatre, in the character of " Rob Roy." This must have occurred about
1824. At that period Johnstone made a very successful starring tour, in company
with the inimitable Mackay, as the BaiUe, of the West of Scotland. The truly
national drama of the "bold outlaw," thus powerfully represented, drew bumper
houses. Amongst others who visited the temple of Thespis upon one occasion, was
the youthful aspirant after artistic fame. Having drawn, to the amount of sixpence,
upon his carefully hoarded capital of coppers, he found himself seated in anxious
expectation in the gallery; and when the curtain drew up, and the .exciting perform
ance proceeded, no one entered more deeply into its varied scenes of rich humour,
thrilling sentiment, and bold and romantic action. The scene between Rob Roy and
the Bailie, when the proposal of the latter to make weavers of his cousin's two sons,
draws from the outlaw the indignant exclamation— " My sons weavers ! I would
sooner see all the looms in Glasgow, beams, treddles, and shuttles, burned in hell-
fire !" made a deep impression on Fillans. AU the manhood of his naturally heroic
mind was awakened. He went home from the theatre, morbidly stung with the
scorn of the M'Gregor, and resolved that, be his future what it might, he should
cease to drive the shuttle ; and be kept his word, though it cost him no small vexa
tion and trouble. Next day, as he worked at his loom for the last time, he kept
humming to the stroke of the shuttle a distich, suggested by the scene he had wit
nessed over-night :— " Heddles and treddles, and shuttles an' a',
Sic a braw bleeze the war? ne'er saw!" *
His resolution to quit the loom was, of course, opposed by his father, until he
should actuaUy find employment of a more suitable description. But he had made
up his mind on the subject ; and dearly as he loved and respected his parents, he
resolved rather to quit the paternal roof than compromise his determination.
Weaver ! weaver ! and the scornful sneer of M'Gregor, was ever in his ears.
* Fillans used himself to relate this circumstance with much hilarity. It was his first couplet.
C2

20 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
And he did leave his father's house, and that too in the depth of winter, when the
snow was deep on the ground, trusting himself to the wide world with only four-
pence in his pocket. With this small sum he purchased a few old ballads, one or
two of which he could sing. He travelled with his little wallet on his back, and
was benighted in Kilmalcolm muir. At. a farm-house he solicited lodgings, and the
inmates, pleased with his appearance, gave him something to eat and a welcome to
stay. After duly inquiring, of course, into his history, he was desired to show them
his wares, and to sing a song, which he did. The farmer kept him for a few days
till the snow-storm abated, made a purchase of several of his ballads, to assist him in
renewing his stock, and amply stored his provision bag. Fillans proceeded on to
Greenock, calling at the farm-houses as he went, and there laid in a fresh supply,
with which he continued his peregrinations.
We mention this little episode to show the firmness of his character. He was
absent for upwards of a fortnight, to the utter dismay of the family, who were totaUy
ignorant of his fate. He had, however, contrived, by honest industry, to come home
richer by several shillings than he went away; and when the old man understood
that his son was at the door, reluctant to enter, he sprung up overjoyed, exclaiming :
" Come awa, Jamie, lad ; ye shall never be bidden gang to the weaving again ! Try
ony trade ye like."

FILLANS A WORKING MASON.
At this juncture less masculine minds than that of Fillans might have been un
settled ; but he at once adopted a plan and followed it up with resolution. It is
probably in" reference to this period that he afterwards selected as his motto— should
fortune favour his ambition— the few but expressive words — -
SKILFULLY DEVISE— BOLDLY EXECUTE.
He at once determined upon giving the rein to his instinctive love of sculpture ; and,
in order to acquire the art of using the mallet and chisel, as weU as to secure the
means of a livelihood, which was indispensable in the circumstances of the family, he
apprenticed himself as a mason to Mr. HaU M'Latchie, a respectable master-builder
in Paisley. This individual had repeatedly expressed himself warmly in praise of
some of the early modellings of Fillans, and master and apprentice were on the best
of terms.In the course of his apprenticeship he had the misfortune to sprain one of his hmbs
so severely by a lift, that he was confined to the house for nearly a twelvemonth.
This accident, felt no doubt as a drawback at the time, had a salutary effect in
developing the genius of the artist. Although his bmb was weak, and occasionaUy
painful, his head and hands were strong, and he was far from remaining idle. With
the pen he earned a trifle for the family by designing window placards for the shop
keepers ; and, more to his own improvement, he was enabled to make rapid progress

FILLANS A WORKING MASON. 21
in the study of that peculiar Une of art by which he hoped to gain admission to the
temple of fame. "Ah, who can tell, how hard it is to climb -
The steep where fame's proud temple shines afar !
Ai, who can tell, how many a soul sublime,
Has felt the influence of malignant star,
And waged With fortune an eternal war."
Captain Maxwell, of the Brediland Pottery, had by some means or other heard of
the artistic bias of the young invalid, and kindly supplied him with clay from, the
works, that he might amuse himself, after the bent of his own inclination. It would
be impossible to describe the high deHght Fillans now experienced. He had both
leisure and the material necessary for exercising his genius, and he at once seems to
have essayed a high flight in modelling. His classic taste must have been to some
extent intuitive, for in his intercourse with the world hitherto, he had met with little
calculated to promote or refine his ideas of Greek or Roman art — its subjects and its
characteristics. In after life he no doubt made himself familiar, by travelling and otherwise, with
the works ofthe best masters, both in sculpture and painting, but at the time we
speak of, his actual knowledge of the imperishable beauties of long past ages must
have been slight indeed. His natural taste, however, was high-toned, and what
others frequently take long years of study to acquire, he overcame without effort. A
true sense of beauty and proportion he had always at command ; it was only requisite
for his imagination to suggest in which form they should be united.
We have seen some of Fillans' copy and sketch books which refer to this period.
They exhibit an ardent anxiety for improvement, both in writing and drawing, and
show how carefully he laid the foundation of that superstructure he so enthusiasti-
caUy hoped to rear in after life. Without considerable proficiency with the pencil,
he never could have been so apt a modeller as his subsequent success proved him to
be ; and well aware of this stepping stone to the art, he became an ardent student
in drawing.
It was probably while confined with the injury already alluded to, that some kind
friend gave him the loan of RoUin's Ancient History, as a means of whiling away a
weary moment. He is said to have perused this work with the utmost avidity ; and
so strongly did it take hold of his memory, that in his later years he had the most vivid
and accurate recollection of its leading passages. Rollin had no doubt the effect, by
his stirring and elegant narrative, of awakening an unconquerable desire to witness
the sceneswhich he so graphically describes, and test his own untutored ideas of art
with the productions of those master-minds of antiquity, which still survive the faU of
the magnificent empire of the Romans. He had also the advantage of another invalu
able loan in the shape of books about this time, and that was the lives of Michael
Angelo, Canova, and other artists of note. The perusal of these at once confirmed
his previous predilection.
Amongst the more classical of our young artist's modellings with the Brediland

22 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
clay, one only is particularly remembered. It was a design of Bacchus seated on a
barrel ; the jolly god crowned, of course, with the bays hy which he is usuaHy dis
tinguished. This spirited juvenile effort was presented to Captain Maxwell as a
grateful acknowledgment of his kindness.
During his apprenticeship, Fillans designed and cut gratuitously a head-stone for
a fellow-apprentice, the stone having been suppbed by the young man's father. This
memorial, which still exists in Johnstone churchyard, has an angel's head, with wings
carved on the top of it.
Mr. M'Latchie, FiHans' master, died some considerable time prior to the completion
of his apprenticeship, leaving a widow, who does not appear to have carried on the
business. There is an anecdote of the young artist at this time, so illustrative of the
noble and generous spirit which reigned within him, that we make no apology for
mentioning it. FiHans obtained employment as a journeyman, under a new employer,
but he still considered himself bound to implement the period of his apprenticeship
to the family of his old master. He therefore paid over his wages regularly every
Saturday to the widow, retaining only the amount to which he would have been
entitled had M'Latchie been in hfe. This act of self-imposed duty was the more
remarkable that his own family were not by any means in affluent circumstances.
His father had never fallen into good or regular employment, and the support of all
under the paternal roof depended chiefly upon himself and his brothers. But such
was the man — in youth as he was in after life — firm of purpose, and warm and
chivalrous in his feelings.
Before he was out of his teens, Fillans had finished his apprenticeship. On an
ashler-fronted tenement at the Cross of Paisley, there are four carvings of heads by
Fillans, executed either before or after he became a journeyman mason ; and over
the front of a house, once a smithy, at Lonend, there is the figure of a horse — a
spirited production, and modeUed from an animal belonging to a farmer in the
neighbourhood — cut by him as a sign for honest Bumiwin, who rewarded the
youthful artist with the sum of two pounds for his trouble. This was the first money
ever earned by him as a sculptor. He wrought as a journeyman for some time in
Greenock, where he assisted in building the gas-works. Here, at his leisure hours, he
designed and carved a time-dial in freestone. It was elaborately wrought with figures
and other appropriate ornaments. His ingenuity gained him the esteem of the foreman,
Mr. Thomson, builder in Greenock (still alive, we believe), and the preference of exe
cuting the finer portions of the mason-work, causing no small envy amongst his
fellow- workmen.
While in Greenock, Fillans and a comrade lodged with an old maiden lady, who
possessed a favourite black cat, which annoyed them by coming to their bed, and
lying at their feet at night. To get quit of puss, and have some amusement at the
old woman's expense, Fillans procured four limpet-shells, and glueing them to the
animal's feet, ushered puss, at " witching time o' night," into the kitchen, where the
landlady slept. The excited state of the cat, her glaring eyes, and- the clattering,
as if of hoofs, on the stony floor, nearly threw the superstitious lady into fits.

FILLANS IN HIS FIRST STUDIO. 23
In 1828, when still in his minority, we find him employed in carving some ofthe
ornamental parts of the Glasgow Royal Exchange, then in course of erection. The
splendid Corinthian capitals in the interior of that building were especially indebted
to his chisel. The superiority of the youth was so conspicuous, and his classic enthu
siasm so weU-known to his feUow- workmen, that they conferred upon him, in aH
kindness and respect, the cognomen of " Young Athens 1"
Previous to his being employed at the Exchange, he one afternoon took a stroll in
his working garb to the Tontine. While promenading backwards and forwards on
the pavement, thinking what he should do, he was accosted by a reeruitingnserjeant
— " WeU, young man, you are a fine-looking fellow, wouldn't you like to join the
army ? Why, look what a fine dress I have compared with yours ! Do you see this
nice coat and fine sash, and these epaulets, aren't they much handsomer than that
ugly jacket ? Now, confess they are fine !" " Very fine, indeed," said FiHans ;
" but I shouldn't like a dog's collar round my neck !" The Serjeant, it is needless to
remark, turned quickly on his heel.

FILLANS IN HIS FIRST STUDIO.
Fillans had other and more ambitious views than simply to excel as a working
mason, and he only waited sufficient encouragement to put his hand boldly upon the
altar of his worship. MotherweH, the weU-known antiquarian writer and poet, had
early noticed the promising efforts of the young sculptor, and favoured him as far as
his influence extended. Having about this period succeeded William Kennedy,
author of Fitful Fancies, as editor of the Paisley Advertiser, he took Fillans
warmly by the hand, and, thus encouraged, the latter returned to Paisley, where,
full of hope and enthusiasm, he set up his first studio.
Fillans was now fairly started on that career he had so long contemplated, and
certainly it was one of no small adventure. Without funds, and, it may be said, with
very few friends, it required considerable self-reliance to see his way in the matter of
sustentation. Genius cannot five upon air more than humbler inteHeots, and it often
happens that the very idea of urgency mars the commonest flight., Even clever men
frequently find themselves amongst "the unready" when most is expected and
required from the exercise of their skill. Nothing but an unconquerable love for the
path he had chosen could have enabled Fillans to clear the many-barred gate that
stood so immovably between him and the object of his eager pursuit.
And now for the maiden commission. This was, we believe, a bust of his patron,
William MotherweH. It is said that he destroyed this first portrait-production of
his chisel, to replace it by one of finer finish, though not surpassed as a likeness.
Another of the early patrons of his studio was the late Mr. David Dick, bookseller in
Paisley. Mr. Dick employed him in modelling several profile portraits, alto-relievos,
and statuettes, which he published in wax and plaster. These commissions proved
highly successful, and brought an essential support to the studio— a return of cash.

24 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
Two groups, modelled for Mr. Dick, became very popular. These were Wilson's
" Watty and Megg," and " Jamie Gemmill," a well-known Paisley character, borne
helplessly along between two policemen. A statuette, modeHed about this time,
deserves notice as exemplifying the pathetic turn of his mind, and his early and
enthusiastic admiration of Burns. It was a figure of " Man was made to Mourn."
This production is somewhat memorable, besides, from the fact of his having made a
present of it to his sweetheart, his future bride. About the same period he painted
a sort of aUegory, by way of advice, to a person in whom he was interested, the
motto of which was — "Temperance is the way to Zion's holy hill —
Take Jacob's ladder, or which way you will."
The grouping was altogether striking and appropriate ; but as the piece has not been
preserved, it is impossible to describe it minutely.
But it would be useless to attempt enumerating the various subjects which
emanated from his studio at this period. We must not omit mentioning, however,
a truly admirable bust of Sheriff Campbell, which, in character and execution, he
rarely exceeded in after and more experienced years. The fame of this very supe
rior production added vastly to the growing reputation of the artist, and brought
him encouraging supplies of cash, as well as orders. While in Paisley, he became a
brother of the St. Mirren's Lodge of Free Masons. Before us is a circular of invita
tion to a meeting on St. John's day, 27th Dec, 1831.

STUDIO IN GLASGOW.
The fame of the sculptor having reached Glasgow, and encouraged by several orders,
Fillans opened a studio in Miller Street in that city. " It was here," says the editor
of the Citizen, " that we first made his acquaintance. He was young, and strong
and handsome, with a noble, artistic head, somewhat grave and silent in his manner,
but full of a deep poetic enthusiasm for his art."
Amongst his first patrons in Glasgow were Bailie M'LeUan, from whom he had his
premises, and who continued to take much interest in his progress, the Messrs. Thom
son and M'Connell, shippers, for whom he executed busts, and through them the
late Mr. David Chapman and Mr. Maclver (of Liverpool), and Robert Napier, Esq.,
one of his warmest friends throughout. Commissions flowed in upon him ; and
with the aid of his brothers, John and Robert, whom he taught to assist him in
the more laborious department of his art, fortune seemed incHned to back up his
adventure. Still anxious to improve himself in drawing, Fillans attended the classes of Mr.
Warren, a celebrated teacher in Glasgow. He was perfectly unknown to him, and
took his seat along with the other pupils. On reviewing the lessons of the evening
and taking up the specimen by Fillans, the teacher stood amazed. " Sir," said he at
length, " you have no need to attend my classes ; you are a greater master of the art

FILLANS ON HIS TOUR. 25
than I am." An explanation was the result, and a close intimacy ensued between
teacher and pupfl, for Fillans continued to attend the classes occasionaHy at the
earnest request of his new friend.
Notwithstanding his acknowledged attainments, FiHans was aware that it would
be essential, not only for his own gratification, if not improvement, but that he might
the better sustain the position he had attained, to visit the Continent. This was a
matter of graver consideration than the- reader may imagine. Ardent and enthusi
astic in all his impressions, Fillans meanwhile had not only fallen in love, but become
a married man and a father, the marriage having taken place on the 16th April, 1833.
The object of his choice, Grace Gemmell, daughter of John Gemmell, manufacturer,
Paisley,* who now lives to lament his premature decease, was then very young, and
they had little more than completed the first three years of their wedded life. It
was therefore no smaU trial on both sides to bid adieu, even temporarily, to each
other. His business, besides, must have presented not a few difficulties ; and, above -
all, considerable funds were necessary to carry him over the circuit of his proposed
peregrinations. By the aid of some good friends, whose names will transpire in the
course of our narrative, every obstacle was overcome, and Fillans took leave of his
native land for a short time in October, 1835.
FILLANS ON HIS TOUE.
In order to make the most of his time, and see as much of the great world as his
limited means permitted, he proceeded to Dublin, where he remained for four days,
viewing the public buildings and such artistic sights as the capital of Ireland affords.
From thence, he sailed to Liverpool, passing two days in that busy shipping depot ;
and taking Manchester in his route, where he also lingered two days; he arrived in
London on a Sabbath afternoon, after a wearisome ride on the top of a stage-coach,
for there were no railways in those days.
Fillans kept no regular journal, but from his punctual correspondence with his
good lady at home, we are enabled to trace his almost every step. In a letter dated
" Keppel Row, New Road, Regent's Park, London, October 17, 1835," he states that
he found out the residence of Mr. James Dick t the night he arrived, and remained
with him a few days until he found apartments for himself. These he describes as in
"a deHghtful situation," and promises to give " a drawing of the splendid view" he
had from his bed-room window in the next letter he should write, at the same time
* He was proprietor of the farm of Bankhouse, in Loudoun parish, Ayrshire, and a lineal descend
ant of Captain Browning, one of the heroes of Drumclog. The flag carried by the Captain's company
upon that memorable occasion is preserved in the family. The following is the inscription1 on the
gravestone of his maternal grandfather : — " Sacred to the memory of John Browning, of Bankhouse,
great-grandson of Captain John Browning, of Biccartoun and Bankhouse, famous in the cause of
civil and religious liberty against the bloody and persecuting house of Stewart, who died May 5, 1801,
aged 76.
f Brother to the late Mr. David Dick, bookseller in Paisley. Mr. Dick was pretty comfortably
situated in London, and behaved like a true friend to Mr. Fillans.
D

26 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
delays attempting any description of the "great Babylon" until he should know
more about it. As this was his first visit to the British metropolis, many and varied
must have been the impressions fixed upon his retentive memory,
One of the objects in visiting London at this time, apart from the all-prevailing
desire of adding to his professional knowledge and reputation, was to caU upon the
Earl of Dundonald, better known as Lord Cochrane, in reference to the naval services
of his father under his Lordship. Fillans was one of the most affectionate of sons,
and he felt a filial pride in the fact that his father had been one of the small but gal
lant band composing the crew of the Speedy. The old warrior's " tales of the sea "
had no doubt been eagerly listened to in boyhood by the son, whose soul was open
from infancy to aH manly and heroic impulses. He was commissioned to inquire into
certain sums of prize-money to which the veteran considered himself entitled. Fillans
met with a hearty reception from the Earl of Dundonald on his father's account, for
his lordship remembered him weH, and spoke warmly of him as a brave and able
seaman. But we must allow Fillans to speak for himself :
"You may tell my father that I had an interview with him [the Earl] yesterday morning ; that he
said he remembered John Thomson well, and that he was a decent, bold, active man ; but, as for
prize-money, that it must be very trifling, otherwise he would not have allowed it to lie over for
thirty years. He [the Earl] never had received any prize-money since that time. The prizes were
all taken into port, sold, and the money divided, according to the best of his lordship's knowledge.
But if my father has any claims, let him state them in a letter to the Earl, giving the time and place
as nearly as possible. Let him speak plain to his lordship, telling him when and where he adopted
the name of Thomson, &c, with a brief sketch of his five years' service in the Mediterranean ; to con
vince his lordship that I am no impostor, for he asked my card, and the name of Fillans startled
him," &c. *
His next letter is dated "Dover, November 5, 1835." He says —
"Dear Wipe, — I suspect you will not find much idleset, from the description you give me of the
young stranger,f and therefore you cannot feel my absence much. When I am speaking of this little
representative of me at any rate, I may as well answer the question you put to me relative to its
name. The child's name is Barbara. I give it this from circumstances which I will now relate.
"After I had been here for two weeks, and upon the eve of departing for France, Mr. and
Mrs. James Walkinshaw, along with her brother, arrived from Scotland. I met both gentlemen
next night in Begent's Park, when they stopped and shook hands with me very cordially."
Mr. Fillans was kindly asked to dinner next day by Mr. Walkinshaw, and he
proceeds : —
"I went to his house, which is a very splendid one, in Begent's Park. There I found a party of
gentlemen, to whom he introduced me. He said he had sent for Mr. Cunningham, % but he was
engaged. He would have him, however, some other night. We sat down to an excellent dinner.
I was placed at Mrs. Walkinshaw's right hand, as being the greatest stranger. But of all the
* At the close of this letter the warm heart of Fillans is displayed in his kind remembrance of all
his friends, not forgetting "Christina Margaretta," his younger sister, whom he had taken to his own
fireside, and little Wilhelmina, his daughter. " Say to her that father often thinks of her ; may God
bless her," &c
t His second daughter, born in his absence, died young.
X The late Allan Cunningham, the poet.

PARIS. 27
varieties at table, Mrs. W. was the sweetest and most delicate to my palate. Her words were so plea
sant and encouraging, that they served as a dessert to all the hardships and toils that I have endured.
She set my spirits afloat, and with consummate wisdom taught me how to arrive at greatness. Her
conversation, which she directed either to me or in my behalf, was assuredly very flattering. She
was determined that I should be looked upon -by the rest of the guests as an artist of note. I believe
she was sincere ; but I did blush ! We finished, and I parted with an invitation to dine with them
again on Wednesday. I did so, and met Mr. Cunningham and several others [part of the letter de- ,
stroyed]. Mr. and Mrs. Walkinshaw both pressed on me an order for £20 in Paris, in case I should
run short of money there, with strict commands to write for more if I should need it.
" The above is but a mere outline of their hospitality towards me, for I have breakfasted, dined
and supped at their house almost every day since I met them.- They told me to come at any time I
liked, and make their house my home. Now, I know, dear wife, that you will join with me in grati
tude to them for their unbounded kindness ; and I am sure you will not hesitate for one moment in
showing it by calling our little child Barbara Walkinshaw, in token of respect for one of the most feel
ing-hearted women I have met with , . . My motives are pure in this. I do not wish any one to know
who the child is named for — not even the lady herself. My only reason is, that it may consecrate
the kind reception I received from the Walkinshaws on my first visit to London."
In a postscript Fillans adds —
" I received £,% 2s. yesterday morning, in London, for a small wax profile which I modelled there.
This is' something better than 12s., is it not?"
Such was the artist's first visit to London, and certainly his reception by the
Walkinshaws was of the most flattering description. The recollection of it must be
gratifying to them, as the above extract shows the object of their kindness was by no
means unworthy of it.
P AEIS.
The first letter of our artist to his wife from Paris, is dated 14th November, 1835.
It is chiefly of a private nature ; yet there are some passages worthy of quotation : —
" I received your letter, dated the 25th November. I am glad to hear that you are all in a tolerable
state of health. I am sorry that my father's eye is not so good as it was ; but he used to say that he
had one in his neck. He must just use it occasionally, by way of a substitute. It is a good thing,
you see, to have something laid past for old age — for even a spare eye may come of use ! Yet I am
glad the case is no worse. I hope my mother does not mean what she says — that I will think more
of her when she is gone, I am sure she knows that is impossible ; for I esteem her now as much as
any son could do a mother, and always did. She must not allow herself to think that it was through
disrespect to her that I named the child after another person. No — the child's name is to be a mark
set, so that whenever we hear it pronounced it will call -to our recollection an epoch of my life (I
mean my first visit to London), an event that will decide, by the help of God and Mr. Walkinshaw,
my character as an artist. It was a circumstance which will be the means of determining whether
or not I am to do any thing for the honour of my mother and her family : it was a circumstance that
will, by its results, show whether or not the predictions of my now deceased uncle are to be realized,
that I am to prove a crown of honour to her gray hairs ! I hope the time is not far off when I will
have it in my power to do more for her than T have hitherto done."
Such was -the kindly disposition and the honourable ambition of Mr. FiHans.
The anxiety to lift his family along with himself in his upward flight, was evinced
from the first moment that success seemed to crown his efforts ; and the same dispo^
sition continued to the last.
d2

28 MEMOIR OF. JAMES FILLANS.
We make no apology for quoting still further from the letter. The subject was
one in which he felt deeply : —
" You mention in your last that my friend Motherwell is gone. If it is the case, I am extremely
sorry. I nursed my grief for two or three days till I made myself believe that you had been misin
formed — that it had been merely a story got up by some of his enemies who would wish it so. Yet I
am doubtful occasionally, and I sometimes think it may be too certain, because the kind of death you
mention very often attacks people of his temperament of body and mind  "
Fillans felt keenly the loss of his earliest and kind patron. The remainder of his
letter is devoted to business matters, to judge from which he would seem to have
left a considerable amount of work in progress at his studios in Glasgow and Paisley.
At the close he promises to'return to Scotland as soon as he finishes copying a picture
by Correggio in the Louvre, a sketch of which he encloses.
His next letter from Paris, dated 20th November, 1835, is of a more amUsing
character, and we shall transcribe it nearly entire : —
" Mr dear Grace, — I thank God for putting into the minds of men, not only the invention pf
letters, but also to institute couriers or posts. Without them, how comfortless would I be in my
present place of exile, were I deprived of the means of communicating my mind to you by writing
when I cannot do it verbally. In fact, the very act of writing to you draws my mind so near home,
or you so near me, that I fancy you sitting beside me darning a pair of stockings, or making an old
bonnet or frock appear ' as guid as new,' and listening attentively to my day's exploits, sometimes
applauding and sometimes disapproving of my actions, but always willing to be pleased with every
thing I say or do.
" You must know that I have been out all day, and that I came to my lodgings about an hour
ago. The room is comfortable, but I have to kindle my own fire, which is, when set a-going, pretty
good, but sometimes deevilish dour ! There are no coals here below four shillings per cwt., so I must
burn wood, or not be fashionable ; and a person may as well be out of France as out of the fashion at
present as regards fire, for it is very coldd We have had frost for four. days. Well, I ordered the
servant to get me a shilling's worth of sticks this morning, and when I came in about five o'clock, I
set about lighting them with matches and paper. I wrought away for about half-an-hour — writing
half-a-line, then blowing five or ten minutes at the fire with iny mouth, cap, shovel, or anything that
would create wind — till, my patience perfectly worn out, I gave it up as a fruitless job, after melting
a three-bawbee candle on't, filthy thing ! I found it prudent to go to the outer door for a little, and,
shutting my room door behind me in wrath, out I went. Returning in a few minutes to resume my
letter, I found, to my astonishment, that I had locked myself out and the key within I It is one of
those doors that lock, but cannot be opened, without a key. I did not know what to do. I ran up
and down stairs, which is no less than one hundred and twenty steps, seeking the servant. I could
not call him, because he does not understand English, nor I French. Nor could I tell, the landlady
what I wanted. All that I could do was to point up stairs, and say, the door, the key, &c. While she
gabbled away in French, I swore in English, without either hurting her feelings or appeasing my
own wrath. At last the waiter made his appearance. I gave him a sign to follow. Up stairs we
went. I pointed to the key-hole, and gave the door a shake. He understood what I meant, ran off,
and returned with about thirty or forty keys (for there is about fifty rooms in the house). Not one
of them would enter, for the devil in the hole was my key sticking inside. After a great deal of
trouble, we thrust the key inside with a wire, and, by the aid of a picklock, succeeded in opening the
door. I gave him four sous for his trouble. He thanked me very kindly, I suppose, but it was in
French ! By this time my fire had not only kindled, but consumed itself and all my wood, which I
had placed round it to dry. I held up my hands, and exclaimed, in the words of Scripture,
' Behold how great a fire a little spark kindleth !' and sat down and wrote without troubling my
head any farther about it 
" Just as I had finished the foregoing, I was disturbed by a knock at the door. Who

rifide :n

Heacteur Jfaiair.

PARIS. 29
was this but a Mr. Young (a Scotchman who has been of great service to me here), with a young
Frenchman, a teacher of French? ' I have brought this gentleman,' said Mr. Young, ' of whom I
spoke to you before. He will teach you French as well as any in Paris. However, he cannot speak
much English.' ' Very well;' said I, ' it matters not for his English. I am glad to see him. Sit
down, gentlemen. But if you had brought him an hour sooner, he might have saved my load of
sticks and a great deal of trouble I had for want of a knowledge of French and their fashions ! '
' How ?' said Mr. Young, very seriously. I then told him what had occurred ; and he interpreting it
to the Frenchman, both had such a hearty laugh at the affair, that the dominie fell to the floor, chair
and all, which, like the sticks at the back of my fire, added- greatly to the intensity of the merriment.
I engaged to take lessons in French from him while I remain here. At parting, I bade him good
night ; but he, to show his knowledge of the English, said very politely, making a low bow at the
same time, ' Got morrow, zir !' Now I have locked jnjiSii in, determined to finish my letter.
Last time I wrote to you was from Dover. Next morning I sailed for France, and, after a
pleasant passage, landed at Boulogne, which is a delightful town. I met with two English gentlemen,
who were very kind and good company. Next morning I started at ten o'clock for Paris in the
Diligence. We arrived here the day after about three o'clock — (a long seat, Grace, wasn't it ?) So,
ever since, I have been wandering about palaces, libraries, picture and statue galleries, gardens,
museums, lecturing-rooms, burying-grounds, and eating-houses. Every place here is free to strangers.
In the Louvre, which is the National Gallery, I counted about 1177 oil paintings, from 3 inches to
10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and some 60 feet in length. The gallery which contains the pictures is about 2000
feet long. There are nearly one hundred and fifty individuals copying the pictures for study. The
principal are from Eaphael, Michael Angelo, Rubens, Correggio, Rembrandt, Titian, David, &c. There
are plenty of animals — many larger than life. There is a holy family too. I will tell you about the
rest of the pictures when I return ; but I may inform you that the original picture is here from
which the old engraving was taken that Sandy Steele gave me when we were at Tranent. It is
-about nine feet in length."
Fillans adds some brief remarks in reference to the people of Paris, and closes his
letter by way, we presume, of showing his progress in French, with hon soir, madam !
In a postscript he adds :—
" I never go out of my lodgings after dusk. I drink nothing stronger than water or small beer,
for strong drink is too cheap. I either write or draw every night for five or six hours ; then I
freeze to death for two hours in bed, sleep four, dream two, then rise again. . . . Tell George
[his brother] that there is no measuring or tracing; allowed in the Louvre, and that many of the
artists copy so correctly, that we can hardly tell the copy from the originaL In fact, the French draw
the most complicated pictures, with the greatest ease. From what I see here, I am quite convinced
that the most, if not all, the pictures sold in Scotland by Jews and other picture-mongers for originals
by old masters,, are nothing but copies."
We know not how many lessons in French Mr. Fillans received from the teacher,
who could speak hut little English ! but this we know, the accompanying graphic
picture of the art of teaching French, with due attention to nasal effect, was not the
least happy result of his studies. The mind of the pupil must have been too busy
with other thoughts, to follow the uninteresting prelections of a linguist, who had
not English enough to make himself intelligible.
From a letter addressed to his friend Mr. James Dick, London, about this time,
though it is dateless, it would appear that the statuary of Paris did not come up to
his ideal standard. He says : —
" I must confess that I have been disappointed in a great measure with the specimens of that
particular branch of art, which is my immediate pursuit ; but if quantity makes up for deficiency in

30 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
quality, we have it here.' In the Louvre, there are two or three statues which are truly sublime.
The others are, I doubt not, old, and of course classic ; for which I look upon them with reverence, with
out any great degree of admiration. Their pictures of the old masters please me very much. And
those of the modern French school go far beyond what I expected from the deprecatory account I
had of them from some of our British artists. Whether it was jealousy or ignorance on their part I
cannot determine, yet I might gay both without robbing them of one virtue.
" However, I am amusing myself by picking up all the information I can get relative to art, whether
it be painting or sculpture, I am not scrupulous. The fact is, I am studying constantly either the
one or the other. I am now employed in Copying a picture, which I intend making a present of to
Mr. Jamieson, a gentleman but for whose warm-heartedness I would not have been at this time in d
Paris. He will be astonished when he sees it, not being aware that I can do anything to painting.
I am a little astonished myself at the manger in 'which I proceed. It is coming out nicely, and I
think it will be worth framing. . But I must not flatter myself— it is only a copy," &c.
We have just one more letter from Fillans, while in Paris, to his " dearly beloved."
It is dated 13th Jan., 1836j and: begins with some quaint verses, which some might
call doggerel, but we look upon them in a very different light. They blend the
serious and the comic in a manner worthy the best of our old authors. At all events
we shall quote them, if it were only for the sake ofthe fine domestic feeling they evince :
" My dearly beloved, my greatest of all bliss !
I have one wish, and that wish is sincere,
That God may be as kind to you in this,
As he has been for many a by-past year.
" May he teach you sacred, substantial good,
Which is conscious peace and virtue pure ;
May he feed thy soul, and knowledge be the food ;
' And should he chastise, may he teach you to endure,
And you will then be blest though e'er so poor.
" My dear, the above you will receive, and know
That it is the only New-year's gift I can bestow :
But should it please the Father of light and life
To return me safe again to you, my wife,
I'll make amends for all my past neglect,
By showing you increased, sincere respect.
Mind I tell you, and it is true, my spouse,
That this is one of my New-year's vows.
I have made many, but I think this the best :
To prove the fulfilment, time must be the test :
Ah, in what splendid garments' our hopes are dressed !
" Of my good wishes give my dear mamma a share,
And my father, too, with heart sincere ;
And my brothers and sisters whatever you- can spare.
As for Wilhelmina, the sweetest of little creatures,
What can I give, since already she's got my features :
I wish her one thing, if Heaven will be kind,
And grant it — it is her mother's sensitive mind.
I have a wish for Barbara, that little child,
Who never yet hath on her father smiled ;
It is that she soon may grace his knee,
With what they term the nurse's fee I

Plate IV

nsss **?*

~^yo
m
m
/Mv
w V \
Plite V

tlaste VI

Jmhob PiUans .

HdLdUu-a fclfiuwlaiialtLjIiiOi-

RETURNS TO LONDON— OPENS A STUDIO. 31
Then with plumping kisses, I'll please all three.
Now with my doggerel rhyme I will conclude,
For I think that prose wUl be as good,
And a great deal more easily understood!"
The remainder of Fillans' letter is chiefly taken up with business. Referring to
certain would-be encouragers of art at home, he says : —
" If the sordid wretches cannot afford to pay two guineas, I must lose a few pounds, that's all."
In a letter addressed to Mr. WiHiam Weir, Paisley, he gives rather a humorous
description of Parisian New-: Year customs; but pays, no doubt, a deserved compli
ment to the sobriety of the people: Having completed his painting at the Louvre,
Fillans only waited a letter from home to take his departure, proceeding by the field
of Waterloo. In the meantime, we are enabled to present the reader with one or
two original sketches from his portfolio at this periods Taking them in the order in
which they appear, the first is
A portrait of Ffllans, painted by himself. He did not crop his beard, we believe,
the whole of the time he was in Paris. It was usual with him, when he had any
particular work to perform, and when he ran little risk of being interrupted by
parties whom he knew, to allow his hair to run wild until his task was finished.
Second. A scene in the Louvre. The weather is intensely cold, and the artists
are crowding round the stove. Fillans himself is painting with his great-coat on,
and beating the floor to keep his toes in animation. The groupingls truly charac
teristic. Third. An octogenarian Frenchman brushing his teeth, which the artist evidently
considered a very superfluous job, seeing that he had only a solitary stump or two
remaining ! EETURNS TO LONDON-OPENS A STUDIO.
Fillans arrived in London on the 17th of February. He had seen much during
his absence, but that much seems only to have Excited more strongly his home feel
ings.- In a letter to his wife, dated 12th February, 1836, he says : —
" I have arrived in England at last, after three months' absence from my native land, and five from
you — a long time to one who loves, but ten times longer to one who adores, as I do, both you and
my native land." ,
He came, as he proposed, by Brussels, visiting Waterloo; thence to Antwerp, and
traversing French Flanders, sailed from Calais.
His sojourn abroad, limited as it was, must have drawn heavily upon his slender
finances, We find him, in consequence, anxiously inquiring how matters stood at
home, and courageously bidding his better-half not to be uneasy about him ; " for,"
says he, "although I had only three-half-pence, after clearing all expenses, on the
day that I arrived here, still I met a friend in Mr. Dick,* who supplied me with
* Mr. Dick often declared afterwards that he had great difficulty in identifying his friend, owing
to the length of his beard, which hung down his breast.

32 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
money, and Mr. Walkinshaw is still as kind as usual. I dined with him last night."
Ever mindful of his family, Fillans brought sundry little articles as a present to each.
After serious deliberation, he resolved upon opening premises in London. In a
letter ofthe 4th March, 1836, he says : —
" " My mind is made up to stop here for a twelvemonth to study ; and as I could not find lodgings
to please me at a moderate rent, I thought it best to take a house unfurnished for that period ; so I
struck the bargain for one this morning, and Mr. Walkinshaw became my security for the rent.
The house is quite a country seat. in a sense, yet it is in London. It is within two minutes' walk of
Mr. Walkinshaw's house, and about a stone-cast from 'the Earl of Dundonald's. There are some
nice flower-beds in front, and a garden behind, filled with fruit trees and berry bushes. The house
consists of five rooms and a kitchen, a washing-house and green-house, and well supplied with water."
" Mr. Walkinshaw," he adds, " is to assist me in furnishing the premises ;" and he
closes by giving directions for the immediate removal of his family to London, to
gether with the work on hand at the time.
An accident to Wilhelmina delayed the departure of Mrs. Fillans. Writing on
the 21st April, he philosophically animadverts on the circumstance, and draws a
moral from it : — ^£,
" It ought," he says, "to be a lesson for us to improve our manner ol walking in this life of heights
and holkrors. For instance, this London step that I have taken, is not only a wide but a very
dangerous one, if not cautiously gone about ; and if I should splinter my character, O Grace ! who
would menditl"
In reference to business, he says : —
" I am wearying for the busts of Mr. and Mrs. Tennent.* Do pack them well, and send them
here." He at the same time gives a flattering account of his opening : —
" I have commenced within these few days three small busts, about the size of Mr. Walkinshaw's
of Parkhouse. My price for that size is seven guineas each, and two guineas for copies. I expect
to begin a large bust next week for a celebrated minister of the Church of England. Mr. Walkin
shaw says I will get it to do in marble. His own bust pleases extremely well. He expects a brother
from China in about a month, who is to sit to me for a companion to his. Mr. W. has introduced me
to several families, who are all canvassing zealously for me. There is every appearance of plenty of
employment, both for John [his brother] and me. Mr. Walkinshaw gave me a list of prices, which
he says I am to adhere to for the present — then raise them as soon as I can  Mr, and Mrs.
W. pay me daily visits, sometimes on horseback, and sometimes in their carriage. They bring many
of their acquaintances to see me. It is quite common to witness a carriage and livery servants
standing at my gate for half-an-hour at a time."
Such was the humble but propitious beginning of our Scottish statuary in the great
metropohs. We see that Mr. and Mrs. Walkinshaw were his first patrons, and
liberal and encouraging they certainly were. Mr. Forrest, also a native, of Scotland,
and truly national and warm-hearted, was another of his early friends. This gentle
man had acquired considerable wealth as a clothier in London, and, though long
estranged from his native land, idolized every thing that appertained to it. The
reader wiU recoHect the impression made upon the young mind of Fillans by the
acting of Johnston in " Rob Roy." From this impression he executed a group, soon
* Of St. Rollox chemical works. They were amongst his early patrons in Glasgow.

pj

INCREASING SUCCESS OF THE SCULPTOR. 33
after his start in London, of " M'Gregor " and the " Baihe." It was commissioned by
his friend, Mr. James Dick, who presented it to Mr. Forrest.
Fillans was joined by his family, including his father, sister, and two brothers, on
the 6th of June, 1836; so that his head-quarters became fixed in the great city.
Before their arrival, Fillans kept house with a somewhat antiquated maid
servant and a sort of man-of-all-work, ^the latter of whom assisted him to beat clay,
morning or evening, as it happened, and wore livery during the day, so as to attend
to his genteel customers. He was a thorough Londoner, and weH up to all the
dodges. One day, a gentleman-coUector of taxes called, and inquired for Mr. Fillans.
Lacquey was not certain if master was at home, but he Would ascertain. Opening
the door of the studio, he whispers — " A tax-gatherer inquires for you — are you at
home, or are you not ?" Filjans, guileless of London strategy, and thinking the
feUow had lost his senses, exclaimed, in a thorough Fingalian rage, " Don't you see
I am in, Sir ? — admit the person." Many a time he laughed afterwards at
his simplicity. It may be imagined with what warmth of heart he welcomed his
wife and Httle ones, the youngest of whom he had not previously seen ; but his
antique house-keeper became alarmed at the "Scotch invasion," and, much to the
satisfaction of aU concerned, fled the next evening, Fillans continued to occupy
.the house in 12, South Bank, Regent's Park, till 1840, when he removed to 82,
Baker Street, Portman Square, where he was accommodated with more extensive-
and suitable premises, though at a much higher rent.

INCREASING SUCCESS OP THE SCULPTOK.
Matters seem to have progressed pretty smoothly with Ffllans from his first start
in London. He wrought hard, and with great care, though there can be little doubt
that big want of capital, and the constant demands upon him by so many dependents,
must have occasioned unknown anxiety. During this, his first year in London
(1836), he found leisure to indulge his fancy in modelling the exceUent and much-
admired alto-rehevo of the " Birth of Burns," in reference to which we beg to append
the foUpwing explanation from the pen of Fillans : —
1. "Janus, to whose care the Kalends of the months were committed, the first of which takes the
name of January, from him. He holds a key in his hand, because he is, as it were, the door through
which we pass into life."
2. Juno, Lucina, or Diana (tor some make no difference between them), who holds a lighted torch,
by which that light of life is signified which all enjoy as soon as they are born. Timseus speaks
very handsomely of her when he relates, that Diana's temple was burned the same night in which
Alexander was born. It is, says he, no wonder she was absent from her house when her assistance
was necessary at the birth of Alexander.
3. Levana, from lifting up ; for when a child was born, the midwife invariably laid it on the
ground, and the father, or in his absence somebodv ppointed by him, lifted it up ; and from thence.
tollere liberos signifies to educate children. E

34, MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
THE FATES.
4. Clotho, ") Clotho draws the thread of life, Lachesis rolls it up, and Atropos cuts the thread
5. Lachesis, V with a pair of scissors ; that is," Clotho gives us life, and brings us into the world,
6. Atropos, j Lachesis determines the fortunes that shall befall us here, and Atropos concludes
our lives.
THE MUSES.
7. Erato, from love, because she presided over lyric, tender, and amorous poetry ; she was also
the inventress of poetry.
8. Euterpe — she presides over the pipes ; she invented music.
9. Thalia, from her gaiety, briskness, and pleasantry, because she sings pleasantly and wantonly ;
she presided over pastoral and comic poetry.
10. Melpomene— she invented sonnets, and presides over tragedy.
11. Calliope — she presides over heroic poetry.
12. Polhymnia presides over singing and rhetoric.
13. Terpsichore — she delights in dancing.
14. Clio, from glory — she is the historical muse, and takes her name from the famousness of the
things she records.
15. Urania, — sings of Divine things, and through her assistance men are praised to the skies, and
by the sciences they become conversant in the contemplation of things celestial.
16. Zephyrus— -he is called the west wind, because he is said to produce flowers and fruits by the
sweetness of his breath, he married
17. Flora, the goddess and president of flowers.
18. Tarn O' Shanter— " Ae spring brought aff her master hale,
But left behind her ain gray tail."
19. Man was made to Mourn —
" Man's inhumanity to man
Makes countless thousands mourn.''
THE VISION.
20. "And wear thou this.''
21. " But they shall be free."
N.B; — I have taken upon me, without any authority but reason to veil Lachesis, leaving only
the arms uncovered, to signify, what we all know, that there is a Hand that rules us, but whether for
good or evil, who can tell 1
As a means of bringing him into notice in London, Fillans was studious' to prepare
some specimens of his skill for the first exhibition of the works of living artists in
the Royal Academy in Trafalgar Square. He had no fewer than seven busts in
marble, amongst which was one of Allan Cunningham, that not only attracted general
attention, but elicited the praise of even Chantrey himself* His principal orders,
however, still came from Scotland. A subscription having been gone into in Paisley
for a bust of Archibald Hastie, Esq., M.P., FiHans was commissioned to execute it.
Mr. Hastie sat to the artist in London ; but the finishing of it, as well as other
* He had been introduced to Chantrey by Allan Cunningham. On their first meeting, Sir
Francis received him very affably. "And so," he says, "you are a young Scotch artist, ambitious of
fame." Fillans, of course, assented. " But are you married 1 " " Yes, Sir Francis, I am." " Then
you will never rise in the world." " How so 1" inquired the astonished artist. " Because your wife
will not allow you to study from nature." "My wife does not rule me, Sir Francis," was the
measured reply.

1 si

> o d
P.

Ify

INCREASING SUCCESS OF THE SCULPTOR. 35
business, brought him to Scotland towards the close of 1837. January 5, 1838; we
accordingly find him writing, in his usual buoyant style, to his wife in London.
Referring to a piece, of marble his brother was employed on in -London, he says —
" I am sorry the marble has turned out so ill ; but it cannot be helped in any way but by trying
another. Mr. Cunningham [Allan] says, that purchasing marble is like marrying a wife. We
cannot determine upon its qualities till we try it, and when they go all to one side, we must just take
another." The bust of Mr. Hastie gave great satisfaction, and brought Fillans various orders
— amongst others, a commission from Mr. Hastie for a model of a jug, illustrative of
the tale of Tarn o' Shanter, in basso-relievo, after the style of Cellini. This beautiful
piece of art, since known as the Tarn o' Shanter Jug, was finished towards the close
of 1837 or 1838, and cast in silver, and is now in the possession of Mr. Hastie. The
accompanying engraving is executed from a cast. Upon the lid is represented fhe
Genius of Coila throwing her mantle over the poet at the plough, and in a compart
ment at the base appears a bust of the bard, while, round and round, we have the
various scenes described in the poem, from the
" Ingle bleezing finely,
Wi' reaming swats that drank divinely,"
till the eventful moment, when
" Ae spring brought aff her master hale,
But left behind her ain gray tail,"
the said tail ingeniously forming the handle of the jug.
Coila crowning Burns was a bass-relief, modelled about this time. The poet is
supposed to be sitting at the "ingle cheek," when the Scottish Muse entprsthe
apartment with the holly wreath —
" A.nd wear thou this, she "solemn said,
And bound the holly round his head."*
Writing to London, on the 5th April, 1838, he inquires how "Heloise standsd'the
frost?" alluding to models of Abelard and Heloise, which he had recently been at
work, upon, but which were never finished. A letter, dated " Paisley, 15th April,
1838," addressed to his friend and early patron, James Walkinshaw, Esq., throws
considerable light upon his labours at this period, Apologizing for not writing
sooner, he says —
" The finishing of Mr. Hastie's, and Mr. and Mrs. Tennent's busts, occupied my time for three
weeks after my arrival here. I then ¦ proceeded to model a bust of a Mr. M' Arthur, and had it all
finished, when one night's severe frost added crystal upon crystal, until he was a queer, hoary-headed
looking personage. I then applied a vapour bath, by way of renewing his youth, when, to use an
expression of a son of his, he bunt. I left him to thaw at leisure, and went out to the Water
Company's new reservoir to amuse myself by looking at the skaiters, sliders, and curlers. . I met with
a kind reception from a number of my old friends, who were playing a match at curling, and .an
invitation to take beef and greens with them. I did so'; and as the custom here is to drink each
other's healths, mine was proposed, with all the honours, for which I returned them thanks in a very
neat but inaudible speech, and sat down amidst great applause. An individual present, with whom I

* A medallion of this was struck in commemoration of the Burns festival in 1844.
E 2

36 . MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
had little or no intimacy, but an admirer of Mr. Campbell of jBlythswood, suggested that there
ought to be a bust got up of the lord-lieutenant of the county,' and that he for one would be a sub
scriber. There was not a dissenting voice. I heard nothing further of it till about two weeks after
wards, when I read the proposal in the newspapers. Well, said I, as soon as this is decided, I will
write to my friend Mr. Walkinshaw. About a month' after, I was requested to state how much I
could make a statue in marble of Mr. Campbell for. I told them seven hundred guineas. A statue
was proposed. 0, thought I, this will be much better news to send. I cannot well write till they
commission the statue. The statue has not been commissioned, and unless there is some exertion
made to raise money, it never will be. ' But Mr. Campbell has been requested to sit to me. He has
promised to do so in London in the course of next month. I like this arrangement, as it will save
me a very great deal both of trouble and expense^ which would unavoidably be incurred were I to
make the bust in Edinburgh.*
" Amongst other flattering hopes held out to my view, was a marble bust of Dr. Kerr in Paisley, to
be presented to him by a few of his friends and admirers ; for itithe money comes but slowly in,
but I am told I may expeot a commission in a few days !
"My dear sir, you will probably recollect of my mentioning to you a Mr. Jamieson, whose muni
ficence, joined with your own, supported me while in France, and that I meant to give him the
picture of the Marriage of St. Catherine, which I forwarded by a friend, who promised to deliver it
to Mr. Jamieson. My friend lost the address, and retained the picture in his possession until my
arrival here, at which I was very much displeased. However, I got the picture under my care, and
set out with it to present it to Mr. Jamieson, with a full statement of the profit and pleasure derived
from his generosity ; but, alas ! on inquiring for him, I was informed that he had paid the debt of
nature several months ago. I will spare you the task of reading a description of my feelings, not at
that moment only, but for days and weeks afterwards — and even now. I may say of him, without
hesitation, that he had a heart without deceit, and wore a purse without strings.
" This is not all that Time, the fell destroyer, has deprived me of. I had another most sincere
friend in a Mr. Thomson, whose bust I sent the other day to London, to be cut in marble. I dined
with him six or ten days before his death, and was to have had three marble busts of ladies to make
for him — Mrs. Thomson being one of them. But death's untimely frost, who spares neither youth,
age, nor sex, has deprived the world of one of the best of men. Mr. M'Connell, with whom the
deceased was in partnership, means to present Mrs. Thomson with a bust of her late and sincerely
lamented husband. I modelled it about four years ago.
" I have finished, since the thaw came, three busts, and have other three nearly so — two of them to
be marble, besides Mr. Thomson's and Dr. Kerr's ; but, with all this, unless the honour to be derived
from them, I really think my visit to Scotland has not at all, in a pecuniary point, been an enviable
one, for it has been attended with great expense. But I am now determined to court Dame For
tune's golden smile, with all the ardent love of green eighteen, and to bolt off with her to Rome. '
There we will perform the nuptials in the Sistine Chapel, before the altar-piece of Michael Angelo,
and hold a sumptuous feast in the Vatican, where Apollo will preside and Yenus blush with modest
air — Diana looking fierce at my presumption, while fauns and satyrs dance for joy."
He was still in Glasgow or Paisley towards the close of October, 1838. Writing,
on the 12th of that month, he speaks of an engagement with Provost Drummond
having prevented his writing sooner. Although. his home and principal studio were
in London, Fillans himself chiefly resided in Scotland, and the passing to and fro
was not only a waste of time, but exceedingly expensive. Again we find him in
Paisley in 1840, putting the finishing touch to the bass-relief of Dr. Kerr. Remit
ting a sum to his family in London (15th January, 1841), he says, "this is the
last of the Kerr testimonial." Dr. Kerr was an amiable and highly popular indi-
* In another letter he expresses his determination to execute the statue — should it prove to be a
statue — in Rome.

t;A

. -3

Sd, (4

INCREASING SUCCESS OF THE SCULPTOR. 37
vidual ; but the gratitude of the inhabitants of Paisley was chiefly due to him on
account of the leading part which he took in promoting a company for the supply of
water, brought in pipes from a distance. The testimonial consisted of a shield, upon
which, in bass-relief, were represented, as shown in the accompanying engraving : —
1. A full-sized medallion of Dr. Kerr, surmounted by his crest, a unicorn, and
laurel. 2. Right of the shield- — the goddess of the fountain supplying water in a cup to the
young inhabitants, one of whom is drinking greedily of the pure stream, while
another is striving to share in it — as emblematic of the scarcity of water.
3. At the feet" of the goddess is the figure of St. Mirren, the tutelary guardian of
Paisley, looking up in gratitude to the goddess of the fountain, his limbs embedded
in water-lilies, while in his left hand he holds a cup of water, and in his right, a
medallion of Dr. Kerr, partly concealed by his tunic, as indicative of Paisley's grate
ful remembrance of the doctor. p -
4. Left of the shield — Esculapius, the god of medicine, healing a child who has
been bitten by an asp. The mother, holding the boy on her knee, is bending over
him, watching returning health, while the asp disappears among the water-lilies
—the whole surmounted by a slab of marble, of a different colour from the shield,
with the inscription — " Presented by tlie Water Company."
Dr. Kerr had spent nearly ten years in agitating the propriety of bringing a supply
of good water into Paisley, before he was successful in forming a company. He had
even written pamphlets on the subject. He latterly removed to Glasgow, where he
died.' His son, also a medical gentleman, emigrated to Canada, taking the testimonial
with him.
While in Paisley, engaged upon this and other works, Fillans painted, in water-
colours, two illustrations for the Renfrewshire Annual, 1841, edited by Mrs. Max
well of Brediland and Merksworth. He refers to these in a letter dated 1 2th Octo
ber, 1840, so that they were in the hands of the engraver before that time. The
accompanying engravings are from the originals. The first represents the death of
Lady Marjory, daughter of King Robert the Bruce, and wife of Walter, High
Steward of Scotland, as related in a historical tale in the Annual, by Mrs.- Maxwell.
.The accident by which she was deprived of hfe occurred while engaged in the
chase. " The infant, almost miraculously saved after the catastrophe," says the fair
writer, "became the sole link on which depended the succession of the Bruce's line.
Thus, the Lady Marjory was the direct ancestress of our most gracious sovereign,
Queen Victoria."
The other engraving iUustrates a story of 1745, entitled " Mora Macivor." Her
husband and sons, aU save one, fought and fell in the service of Prince Charles. The
youngest alone remained as her protector. One night, after the death of her hus--
band, and when the Prince had become a wanderer, her cottage was entered by her
son Norman, and three companions; muffled up in their plaids, accompanied by the
royal fugitive, who was fain to shelter himself in her humble dweUing for the night.
He was, however, roused from supper by the barking of a dog, whose voice gave

38 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS,
notice ofthe near approach of a band of soldiers. There was no time to fly, and to
defend themselves was ouf of the question. In this dilemma, Kenneth, the youngest
son ofthe widow, suggested, happily, though not for himself, that the- Prince should
exchange clothes with him — the youth, who was tall and handsome, putting himself
in the position of the unfortunate heir to a crown. The illustration represents this
incident at the critical moment. Norman and his mother are urging upon the
Prince the necessity of adopting the stratagem, while the son is in the act of
undressing himself. According to the story, the Prince escaped without notic@s but
when the cheat was ultimately discovered, the son fell a victim to the resentment of
the soldiers.
Fillans had about this time undertaken a series of busts of Scottish poets — Burns,
Scott, Cunningham, Hogg, &c. — commissioned by Andrew Johnston, Esq., of Hal-
leath,' Dumfries. In London, he had become acquainted with the sons of Burns ;
but with the view of making himself as familiar as possible with the family features
of the bard, he visited Ayr in 1841, and was introduced to the poet's sister, Mrs.
Begg, and her two daughters. The object of his caU having been explained, he was
warmly received, and obtained all the information he desired. Mrs. Begg is said to
resemble the poet more than did any of his brothers or sisters.* We had the pleasure
of accompanying Fillans on this occasion, and well remember the enthusiasm with
which he roamed over the various scenes hallowed by the Muse, and delighted in
apt quotations from the poet's works. In the record of visitors kept at the cottage
will be found his name, inscribed with characteristic significance.
Another and important matter brought him to the land of Burns— the proposal of
a bust of Richard Oswald, Esq., of Auchincruive, then abroad, and in bad health —
for which a sum had been subscribed as a testimonial by his tenantry. David
Gairdner, Esq., under factor on the estate, acted as secretary to the committee, and
having been some time previously introduced to Fillans in London, he recom
mended him as an artist of high promise. This led to a correspondence with Fillans
on the part of the committee, at the head of whom was David Campbell, Esq., factor.
Writing from Ayr, 2d January, 1841, he requests his letters to be addressed to
M. Cochrane, Esq. (another of his early and warm friends), 101, Hutcheson Street,
Glasgow. In this letter he expresses himself particularly anxious about the educa
tion of his young family, and speaks of having contributed a design for Dugald
Moore'st monument, which was to be executed in stone.

* Not long afterwards Fillans made the acquaintance of another daughter of Burns, Mrs. Thomson,
at Pollockshaws, who, perhaps, resembles her father more than any of the other members of the
family. He was so delighted with the Burns-like talent of this worthy person, that he kept up an
intimacy with her and her family till the last. He felt as if he could never pay enough of respect to
her and hers.
t The poet. His monument was got up by subscription.

Plate Xlll

-Steturfte of K-.X.Jafcaib <Siav

ic^iorc ^^is^aoiuaa jjh.

VISIT TO ITALY— BUST OF OSWALD. 39

STUDIO IN GLASGOW.
• It would be useless to attempt following the artist throughout the finishing of his
various commissions as he progressed in fame and employment. Glimpses of his multi
farious engagements are occasionally supplied by his family correspondence. In a letter,
Feb. 6, 1841, he says — " I have just finished the- model for Bailie Gilmour's bust, and
have nearly got through with one for Bailie Johnston of Glasgow. I made a bust of
him several years ago. This is for marble." He expresses some anxiety about the
exhibition of the Royal Academy, and thinks of sending Davidson's bust to it.' In
the same letter he mentions having got an order for a marble bust of a nephew of
C. Tennent, Esq., of St. RoUox, besides a plaster bust for some other party, which had
delayed his journey southward. He also writes that he had been engaged to paint
"a kit-kat portrait of an old lady, price £10, 10s.," and had several other commis
sions to get through. Orders at this time were pouring in upon him. March II, 1841,
he mentions a bust of Dr. W. Cooper, professor ; hints also as to a bust of Professor
Wilson; Provost Drummond, of Paisley, at the head ofthe subscription. In the same
letter he refers to arrangements for insuring his life for £500, which was done,- but
not kept up. March 27, 1841, he writes that he has been commissioned for the bust
of Professor Wilson, and is about to proceed to Edinburgh to model him. The same
letter announces the arrival of Mr. Gairdner, from Ayrshire, with an order from the
Oswald Testimonial committee to proceed to Pisa, to model that gentleman for a
marble bust or busts.
FiHans was naturally much uplifted with his prospects at this period. The
two last orders' were calculated to elevate him very considerably in his profession,
and the congratulations of his friends were numerous and hearty. " You have now
the ball at your feet ; keep it rolling !" they would exclaim. In the case of the
Oswald bust it appears that he had two competitors, " men of very high standing
too," which made the commission aU the more honourable for him.

VISIT TO ITALY-BUST OF OSWALD,
The finishing of busts and other matters prevented Fillans from leaving Scotland
so soon as he expected, for we find him still in Glasgow on the 20th April. He paid
a brief visit to his family in London, and then proceeded on his mission. He
arrived in Paris on the 5th May, and reached Florence, where Mr. Oswald was
staying, on the 14th. The following letter, dated June 5, gives a pretty full account
of his journey, and is exceedingly creditable to his feelings as a man : —
" I was detained in Paris two days, on account of the fete of the king of the French, which took
place on the Saturday previous to my leaving London. There were so many people in Paris from all
parts of France, that seats in any of the diligences bound for any considerable distance could not be
obtained without giving two days' notice, and as I could not find my old friend James Young, I felt
rather annoyed, while the heat was excessive. However, on Thursday, at two o'clock, p.m., I started,

40 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
and sat enclosed in a diligence all that afternoon and night, all next day and night, and about five
o'clock on Saturday morning I arrived at Chalons. Half an hour after, I went on board a steam-boat
on the river Saone, and at six sailed for Lyons", where I arrived about four p.m. the same day, the
distance being about 100 miles. We had the stream with us, which runs very rapid, otherwise we
could not h^,ve accomplished the distance so soon. Lyons is a beautiful place. It is the Paisley of
France — with this exception, that there is no Paisley, no, nor city in Britain, equal to it in point of
natural and artificial grandeur. I remained there till next morning, when, by four o'clock, I sailed
per steamer, and reached Avignon about three o'clock the same day — a distance of 200 miles. This
speedy conveyance can only be accounted for by the rapidity of the Rhone, as the steamer was rather
a slow one — she could only sail at the rate of eight miles per hour ; but the river runs about ten
miles ; so that our voyage was performed at the rate of nearly eighteen.* I have been told that it
takes these steamers three days to return to Lyons. O Grace, how easy it is to sail when the stream
of fortune is with us ; but the helm requires particular attention ! I said that I arrived at Avignon
by three o'clock P.M;; at six the same evening I started per diligence for Marseilles, and reached that
city about nine next morning. It was a weary night ; but the morning opened splendidly, and
I looked with admiration on that sea (the Mediterranean) where my father fought in defence of his
country — that " blue, blue sea," which divides Europe from Africa. I made up my mind to remain
at Marseilles that night. Towards the evening I had a solitary walk — and
When I looked upon the blue, blue sky,
And on the blue, blue sea,
I dropt a tear, and heaved a sigh —
I thought of my father and days gone by,
I thought of home and thee !
When I looked towards the glassy heavens, which enveloped the whole, it seemed as if it were but one
eternal crystal shade, save where the bright orb of day dipped into the sea — there sea and sky were
mingled in one sheet of burnished gold, in radiance second only to the great orb itself. . . . Towards
the east one lonely star appeared. It was the evening star — the harbinger of peace and rest to man
— that heavenly diamond, for whom the tall tree, and flower, and grassy blade, adorn themselves with
pearly dew in honour of her virgin beauty !
" Next day I took a steamer to Leghorn, and made the passage in about thirty-two hours ; from
thence started in the evening per diligence for Florence, where I arrived by seven o'clock next morn
ing. From this you see I lost very little time on my journey.
"After a few hours spent, in ferreting out Mr. Oswald, I found him, and the next morning, by nine
o'clock, commenced to model his bust. On Tuesday last I finished it ; and I am glad to say that it .
gives great satisfaction. I do not know how it may please the subscribers. As Mr. Oswald is very
much changed since they saw him last, I made him as full in muscle as possible, not to destroy the
likeness. . Lady Lilias Oswald wrote to Mr. Campbell, their factor, concerning my work, and as she
read the letter to me previous to sending it off, it really does her great credit as an elegant writer
and as a generous critic. It was very flattering ; and I told her so ; but she declared she had not
written one word that I did not deserve. Lady Lilias has" been very kind. I have daily, since I
came here, breakfasted and taken tea with her ladyship. Her dinner hour and mine did not suit ;
but in the afternoon I generally drove out with her in her carriage, and saw some of the sights — such
as splendid promenades, churches, picture galleries, artists' studios, &c. Lady Lillias has given me a
commission for a small marble figure of Mr. Oswald.f Mrs. Lindsay, a daughter of Mr. Oswald, has
also been attentive to me, sometimes sending her carriage when I wished to go to see sights. I think
she will have a marble bust of Mr. Oswald, but her husband is to write to me.
* The accompanying sketch was taken from life, while on this passage. It is much to be regretted
that the portfolio, with the greater portion of his drawings while in Italy, was lost on his way home.
t This small statuette was one of the finest pieces of sculpture that ever emanated from the studio
of an artist. Perfect in all its proportions, and an excellent likeness, it was so highly finished that
its texture seemed as soft as velvet, and its surface as flexible as the human skin.

r
as

¦a

YISIT TO ITALY— BUST OF OSWALD. 41
" Lady Lillias, Mr. Oswald, and retinue, left this on Wednesday morning for Switzerland, as this
place is too warm for Mr. Oswald. I intend to leave in the course of two or three days for Rome. . . .
Tell George [Fillans' brottier] this is the place for copying pictures : the British Gallery has nothing
to what is here." >
In another letter, after his return, dated August 20, 1 841, addressed to Robert
Napier, Esq., one of his early patrons in Glasgow, Fillans thus briefly narrates the
particulars of his trip to Florence : —
"I arrived in Florence on the 14th of May, and as Mr. Oswald's arrangements were to leave on the
27th, I had just time to finish his bust, and that to the satisfaction of Lady Lillias and the other
members of his family. After his departure I was visited by several of our country people, and not
a few of the first sculptors and painters of Florence, who, I am afraid, accorded me more credit than
I deserved. "I may mention that I had an introduction to almost all the places of note while Mr. Oswald was
in Florence. Lady Lillias acted more like a mother to me than otherwise. Independently of her
hospitality, each day she had one or more places appointed for me to visit ; and being honoured with
a seat in their carriage, to and from these plaees, and other fashionable resorts, by 'that means I was
soon made acquainted with Florence, and a number of the most respectable of its inhabitants.
" I intended to have gone to Rome, but the weather was so hot, and the arrivals every day from
the imperial city being so numerous, the advice of my friends, coupled with the necessity of my
returning as soon as possible, overpowered the strong desire I had to kiss St. Peter's toe. . . . When
I .considered that Florence contained innumerable works of art, both in painting and sculpture, I
thought that I could not do better than apply all the time I could remain in Italy to the study of
them (I did study, and I hope with some success).
" On my way home I visited Pisa's Leaning Tower. From Leghorn I sailed to Genoa ; from thence
by land to Turin. Crossed the Alps to Geneva. At Yevay, on the lake of Geneva, visited the
hallowed spot where the remains of Mr. Oswald are interred.* (I knew nothing of his death till my
arrival at Geneva.) I visited Lady Lillias, who was, as usual, exceedingly kind. From Yevay I
came on through Switzerland to Basle ; then by the Rhine to Rotterdam. Two days in Holland, then
embarked for London, where I have been for nearly four weeks. I neglected to mention that, on my
way out, I went through Paris ; from that to Lyons ; then down the , Rhone ; and from Marseilles
sailed to Leghorn.
" From this, you will see that I am very much indebted for a most delightful tour, and an oppor
tunity of examining works of art by the first masters, to you and the other gentlemen who procured
me the honourable commission. I beg, therefore, that you will accept my warmest thanks for your
zeal in my behalf, and believe me I shall ever feel most grateful," &c.
FiHans received much gratification and benefit, during his short residence in
Florence, from the magnificent productions of Ghiberti and the other great Floren
tine sculptors. In passing through Pisa he was greatly struck by the architectural
and sculptural works of Nicola Pisano.
The bust of Mr. Oswald was finished towards the close of 1842. Fillans paid a
visit to Ayr in December of that year, and, as it is called, brought in the new-year
with his friends, all of whom were delighted to see him. He, at the same time, pla,ced
the bust in the Assembly Rooms, where the subscribers and the public had an
opportunity of inspecting it. And weU might the sculptor be proud of his labour.
It was universaUy acknowledged to be an excellent likeness ; and, as a work of art,
* He made a drawing of the grave of Mr. Oswald, from which the accompanying engraving has
been taken. F

42 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
nothing equal to it had been seen in Ayr. The local newspapers were warm in their
eulogium of the bust, and high in their estimate of Fillans as a sculptor.
We need hardly remind the reader that the late Richard Alexander Oswald, Esq.,
of Auchincruive, was a very popular and accomplished gentleman. He contested the
county of Ayr, on the Hberal side, in opposition to Colonel Blair of Blair — when a
serious riot ensued — and was returned to Parliament for Ayrshire immediately after
the passing of the Reform Bill. He was twice married. His first lady was Lucy
Johnstone, daughter of Wynne Johnstone of Hilton, Esq., whose beauty and amia
bility of character have been immortalized by the muse of Burns. She died in early
life, leaving a son and daughter, the former of whom predeceased his father, and the
latter became the wife of the Rev. Mr. Lindsay, referred to in the letters of Fillans.
Mr. Oswald married, secondly, Lady Lillias Montgomerie, daughter of the late Earl of
Eglinton, and widow of Dundas M'Queen, Esq., of Braxfield, but had no family by her.
Mr. Oswald was affected even to tears, by the respect shown him by his tenantry.
" No doubt they considered you worthy of it," said one of his attendants, in the pre
sence of Fillans. "I do not know," was the characteristic reply, "I used to think
that I was much indebted to them."
Fillans, we believe, never came to Ayr without paying a visit to the cottage and
monument of Burns. The scenery there, and its associations, were ever new to him.
We were also with him on this occasion, and recollect viewing, amongst other objects
of curiosity, the figures of " Tarn o' Shanter and Souter Johnnie." We remarked,
thinking to elicit something critical from the sculptor on a subject so much his own,
that the limbs of Tarn were far too massive for the body. Fillans smiled, but not a
word of comment. It seemed to be with him an instinctive rule never to say any
thing of any body if he could not speak in their praise. We passed on, and the
matter was forgotten till we met the late Mr. David Auld in the inn, over a glass of
brandy and water. We again reverted to the subject of Tarn, not feeling at all
satisfied that so famous a character as described in the poem should be so question
ably represented in stone, observing that his attenuated body seemed as if in consump
tion compared with the herculean strength of his limbs. " Od, man," said Mr. Auld,
" are you no aware that Robin Affleck, the carter, a man of about six feet four, sat for
the legs, and I for the body ?" Fillans could no longer keep his gravity ; we burst
out into a loud fit of laughter, in which Mr. Auld very complacently joined. And
thus it happened that the figure of Tarn o' Shanter was shorn of its proportions.

THE SCULPTOR. IN THE DUMPS.
We do not profess to follow Fillans throughout the minute windings of his profes
sional career, but the following account of his first visit to the summer residence of
an esteemed friend and patron, is both characteristic and amusing. He had gone
down from Glasgow to put up the bust of this gentleman and place some pictures.

GROUP OF THE BLIND TEACHING THE BLIND. 43
For the first time in his letters do we find him a grumbler. Writing, June 2, 1842,
he says : —
" I am biting my lips with indignation at an old she man. She may be a woman corporeally for
all that. The old beldam has put me into a bedroom, here to sit and mope away the evening, while
there are two excellent sitting-rooms in the house unoccupied. 'Where am I to go?' said I, when I
entered, somewhat fatigued by a long but interesting walk, the scenery of which I meant to have
passed the evening in describing to you in a letter. '¦Show me where I am to go, and will you be
kind enough to provide me with writing materials, if you please 1 ' 'Is that no your room but there ?
Did the lass no let you see't afore when you cam?' 'Yes, she showed me a bedroom, but' — 'Ay,
ay, weel, that's your place in there, an' there is a gude fire. Wad you'll tak' a dish o' tea?' 'No —
I want no tea ! ' * ' What ! you want no tea ! ' ' No, you need not trouble yourself by making tea to
me. I care not about it ! ' 'What — was you no to get your buird here as weel as your bed ? ' 'Yes,
I intend to eat you.' 'Me, sir ! ' ' Yes, to eat you — out of house and hall ! ' ' Very weel, then, you
had better hae a dish o' tea to begin wi' ' — ' I'll gar the lass get it ready for you.' She, the witch of
Endor, is gone an hour ago — but no tea. The library is locked too. I can get no books. I have
plenty of writing to do ; but cannot write but in spleen-i-I am so unhappy. I am so inflamed with
rage, that the wax candles are melting before me ! The night is wet, I cannot get out to walk : I
cannot chew tobacco — that would be against my creed.t I am afraid to smoke, lest I perfume the
furniture of the room. I am now very hungry, but cannot ask for bread, lest the old Jezebel should
be pleased with herself. Sleep ! I cannot sleep. O how miserable it is to be alone."
It is not to be supposed that this unusual fit of ill-humour lasted over the night.
Fillans was repeatedly at the house afterwards, and experienced much kindness and
pleasure in his visits. The old housekeeper had been labouring under some mistake.

GROUP OP THE BLIND TEACHING THE BLIND.
About this time, or shortly before, Fillans had been commissioned to execute a bust
of the late John Alston, Esq., better known as Bailie Alston, so highly appreciated
for his zeal in promoting the prosperity of the Glasgow Blind Asylum. In the course
of this work he had occasion to visit the Asylum more than once, and became deeply
interested in the objects for whose benefit it was instituted. In the course of these
visits the sublime idea of executing the above group occurred to him. Writing on
the 3d July, 1843, he says " I wiU be engaged the most of next week in finishing my
group of ' Blind Children Reading the Bible ' [such was the original title of the
group]. I have great hopes it will be of service to me and my family." This group
was exhibited for the first time in 1845, as " The Blind Teaching the Blind," and
created quite a sensation in Glasgow. The following weu-written description of it
appeared in one of the journals at the time : — ¦
" The Blind teaching the Blind," a group of statuary, of the size of life, has just been completed by
Mr. James Fillans, and is at present at his studio in Queen Street. Our readers will remember that

* Fillans had made a vow that he would never drink tea so long as he lived, as the Chinese war
had ruined one of his earliest patrons, who was an extensive tea merchant, and he kept the vow till
his decease.
+ He had made a merit of abandoning tobacco some time before, having been much addicted to
the weed.
F 2

44 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
Mr. Fillans was engaged some time ago on a marble bust of our townsman, Mr. John Alston, which
has since been erected in the Blind Asylum, in commemoration of the philanthropic labours of that
gentleman on behalf of the blind ; and we presume that it was during this period, and in the course
of his frequent visits to the Blind Asylum, that he formed the idea which he has here embodied with
a degree of truth and delicacy, and with a depth of sentiment, which must add, in a very material
degree, to his already high reputation. So far as we are aware, the subject is perfectly new, and con
sidering how finely it is adapted for sculpturesque illustration, we are not a little surprised that it
should have been passed over by our Flaxmans, our Bailleys, and our Chantreys.* " Mr. Fillans has
not-only the merit of being the first to depict the blind in this interesting light, but he has done so
in a manner which seems to defy any attempt to surpass it. Indeed, we cannot imagine the subject
treated differently and so well. The group is exquisitely simple. A young girl, with beautifully
rounded features, is sitting upon a low seat with the Scriptures, in raised letters open upon her knee,
and her fingers resting on the inspired words ; while another female, somewhat older and taller, but
still young, is kneeling by her side, her head resting affectionately on that of her pupil, and one hand
gently touching her heart, as if to impress the lesson upon her with greater earnestness. The former
is the principal figure, and concentrates within itself the sentiment of the piece. If it be the highest
effort of art to depict, not the mere outward forms of nature, but the invisible essence of mind which
surrounds these like a fragrance, Mr. Fillans has been eminently successful. The whole figure of the
learner is a visible embodiment ofthe ideal. The acute sense of touch almost apparent in the action
of the hand, the half-parted lips — nay, the very sightless orbs uplifted, not in vain, to Heaven, are
instinct with awakening thoughts, and indicative of a radiance within, which burns only the more
brightly from the daylight being quite shut out. Indeed, the darkness which veils her eyes seems
but the shadow of the illumined spirit enshrined in the perishable clay; and we can almost fancy, as we
gaze upon her sainted and beaming aspect, that her eyes are closed only that she may receive the
words of truth through some diviner sense, and, undistracted by earthly visions, commune in secret
with the angels. The draping is simple and appropriate, and the outline and general effect of the
grouping is sweet, expressive, and beautiful. We trust that this delightful work of art will not be
permitted to leave Glasgow, but that there will be public spirit enough amongst our fellow-citizens
to have it cut in marble, and placed in the Blind Asylum, or Some other suitable place to which the
public may have access."
The subject was not only new, as remarked in the foregoing quotation, but one
which required the highest art to embody. The deep sublimity of the sculptor's
genius, however, was fully adequate to the task ; his imagination absolutely reveUed
in creative power ; his command of the ideal seemed to be unlimited.
We have said the exhibition of the group created quite a sensation. The press was
universal in its eulogium, and the lyre itself was strung in celebration of this achieve
ment in art : —
LINES ON A PIECE OP SCULPTURE, ENTITLED "THE BLIND TEACHING THE BLIND," ADDEESSED TO
J. FILLANS, ESQ.
Say, Fillans, if thy noble art can charm
Earth's elements to bright and glowing form ?
Or has thy god-like genius power to tell
Where, in some mountain's marble bondage, dwell
Beings of light, and prophet-like command
Th' obedient rock to yield thy glorious band
Of men and angels forth, to bless our clime
With truth and beauty, through all coming time ?
* The comparatively recent invention of raised letters for the blind accounts for this.

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GROUP OF THE BLIND TEACHING THE BLIND. 45
What magic power produced this sainted pair,
Which, steeped in beauty, glow divinely there ;
Clothed in all heavenly dreaming, that descends
In a soft, silvery shower of light, which blends
In melting sympathy with human thought !
Gazing on these, we weep— the heart full-fraught
With love ! That radiant head — these sightless eyes,
Still heaven-directed, commune with the skies ;
As if, in golden tones, some angel bright
Whispered the soul away to realms of light :
That rising bosom heaves its silent prayer
Through parted lips, which woo the listening air :
These trembling fingers, with perception fine,
Stray o'er that sacred page of truth divine ;
With quick inquiring sense, still feel the way
Through words of promise to eternal day ;
And gifted eyes can see the soul prepare,
On lofty wing, to mount th' aspiring air.
O ! there are moments when the heart will prove
A joyous thing, which pours its fervid love
In flowing song ; and, when th' entranced sight
Rejoices all in sweet celestial light —
Th' enraptured ear with heavenly music teems,
And then we own this world, a world of dreams ;
Past, present," and to come, no cares annoy,
Creation swims in seas of cloudless joy —
Soft, balmy odours breathe a charmed air,
To soothe each sense the soul confesses there ;
And round that fragrant pair, in gifted hour,
Has Fillans flung this heaven-inspiring power ! A. D. Robertson.
Two of the best looking inmates of the Blind Asylum were selected by Mr. Fil
lans to sit for the model. Delicate as beautiful, neither of them seems to have
been capable of resisting those scourges of the sensitive and lovely — consumption and
smaH-pox. The one died, and the other cannot- now be recognized as one of the
originals in this divine group. A friend who accompanied the sculptor to see the
bust of Mr. Alston, saw this girl under very interesting circumstances. She was
walking with a companion in front of the Asylum when Mr. Fillans asked if the
governess was at home. Knowing his voice, she sprang towards him, throwing up
her arms with an exclamation of joy ; but, instantly recollecting herself, stopped
short, huug down her head, and answered his question in a subdued and tremulous
voice. Nothing could more forcibly illustrate the impression produced on the mind
of the blind and desolate girl at the recollection of the kindness and affability of
the warm-hearted and generous sculptor, who seemed much affected at the sight
of her altered appearance, and the death of her still more beautiful companion.

4fi MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.

THE'BOY AND FAWN.
Another exquisite piece of sculpture from Fillans' chisel, exhibited at this time,
was also greatly, admired ; we allude to " The Boy and Fawn."* It eHcited the
two following offerings from the muse ; the first, a sonnet by the well-known
Andrew Park : — " A perfect image of a perfect boy :
How like a thing of life though formed of clay ;
Brimful of health, of manliness and joy —
Ah ! it reminds me of life's early day,
When over verdant lawns I used to.stray
In all the cloudless happiness of heart.
Even while I gaze upon that smile so gay,
I scarcely deem it is a thing of art.
He and his little fawn will never part ;
Still will it cower in calmness by his side ;
Its fragile form, so gentle and so sweet,
Shall ever be his buoyant bosom's pride.
'Twere bliss to live in such perennial love,
So childhood must endure in realms eterne above ! "

" There is my little friend, — I know him well ;
And there his little fawn in silken string,
Bounding in joy across the velvet lawn —
His bright eyes beaming love and innocence.
A gentle voice — which all that hears doth love —
His mother's, made him pause, to hear
Some pretty thing that mothers best can say
To such as he. How gracefully he stands,
Checking with gentle hand the gleesome doe !
His beauteous head with listening air upturned
To learn mamma's desire. That look of love,
That dimpling smile shall win his mother's heart
For aye ; for here, dear boy ! he ne'er grows old ;
For ever happy, and for ever young.
Ay, when his joyous morn of life has passed
Away in sunny smiles to manhood's noon,
When the stray hairs have on his manly brow
Enthroned the power and dignity of mind—
His father's honour then, his mother's pride,
This shall remain, a token of that love
And hope which fills his generous parent's breast.
Thou art a sunny thought, my noble boy !
Who can refrain from love and look on thee ?
And for thy sake the sculptor's art I'll love,
That has enshrined thine innocence for me.

* A statue of a son of D. C. Bait, Esq.

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LAMENT OF "JEANIE MORRISON." 47
O 'tis a glorious art that can arrest
Our fleeting years and evanescent dreams,
Clothe the poor clay with soul and sentiment,
Secure for future bliss the passing hour —
Exalt, refine, ennoble all mankind !
We own thy power, brave sculptor ! in this clay,
You hold the keys of memory, and preside
O'er all the past ; you work your will, and.loj
Hopes bright and high, and sunny joys, and fears,
But half-confessed, again survive renascent ;
And youth we breathe as from a spirit's fount,
The present puts on beauty, and for aye
Th' eternal feelings find expression there ! "

LAMENT OF "JEANIE MOEKISON."
Fillans had a mind of the most active and untiring energy ; not only did he find
occupation for it in his exquisite modeUings and in painting, but he occasionaUy,
although unknown to any one, essayed the muse. The death of his early patron,
Motherwell, continued at intervals to absorb his thoughts. On the occasion of an
excursion to Campsie Glen, towards the end of July, 1843, he composed the follow
ing verses, entitled : — " Jeanie Morrison's Lament,"
with this explanation: — " There had been seen a female, a few days after his [Mother
well's] funeral, planting flowers on his grave. It was believed to have been Jeanie
Morrison, and she is supposed to have sung the lament."
" Nae mair we'll on yon fairy knowe,
In secret fan love's ardent lowe,
Whar blush and sigh were a' the vow,
That e'er we thocht on then, Willie.
" On Sabbath-days, in woody shade,
f Luif locked in luif,' as ye hae said,
We've grat when frae the ' word ' we read
Man's misery and pain, Willie.
" Thy e'e the glow-worm shining bright,
Thy smile to me was morning light ;
Now dancing morn is turned to night,
Since thou nae smile can gie, Willie
" When but a bairn, though aften gay,
Thou spak like ane baith bald and grey,
0' Scotland's wars, and Scotland's fae,
.And said ye'd fecht for me, Willie.
" Since then fause hope aft sidlins flew,
Like weaver's shuttle, as fate drew
The cankered thread of life for you,
Weaving thy wab 0' woe, Willie.

48 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
" Thy spirit's free, it ay was free !
It ne'er was bound, except in me :
A few days hence we'll soar fu' hie,
And leave our bodies low, Willie.
" Ae guileless heart we twa did share,
Ae half is deep, deep i' the lair,
The ither — it will soon be there,
Then will I cease to sigh, Willie.
" This flower, ta'en frae the dewy dell,
Emblem o' thee, my Motherwell !
I'll plant it, sae that it may tell
Whar thou, sae low dost lie, Willie. "
These lines are by no means destitute of poetic merit, and possess deep and genuine
pathos. DINNER TO FILLANS.
About this time, Colonel Mure of Caldwell seems to have given some attention to
the rising artist. In December of the same year FiHans writes to London requesting
his portrait of Mr. CampbeH of Blythswood to be carefuUy packed up and forwarded
to him by a certain time. " I intend," he says, " to make a present of it to the county
of Renfrew, to be placed in the County Buildings, if approved of. I mean to submit
it to Colonel Mure, whom I visit on Monday week."
FiHans paid a short visit to London at this time, going by way of Liverpool, from
whence we find him writing, December J 7, 1843, to the effect that he had to bring
Mr. M'lvor's bust with him, otherwise he would have gone direct to London. He
mentions also that he had got an order for a few casts of Mr. Houldsworth's bust.
Fillans must have spent only a day or so in London, for he was again in Scotland in
the beginning of January.
Paisley was justly proud of the rising fame of the artist, whom they looked upon
as their own ; and it is exceedingly creditable to their discernment and liberality
that they were not sparing in their efforts to encourage and support him. It was
resolved to invite him to a public dinner, ostensibly in honour of his acknowledged
merit as a sculptor. The entertainment came off in the Exchange Rooms on the 6th
of January, 1844. Nearly two hundred of a company, including the most respectable
gentlemen of the district, sat at table * The chair was occupied by Colonel Mure,
now member for the county of Renfrew, and chairman of a most important committee
of the House of Commons, to take evidence and report on the present condition and
future management of the National Gallery. The proceedings were fuHy reported in
the newspapers at the time ; nevertheless, we shall offer no apology for transplanting
both the speech of the chairman and that of the guest of the evening, merely pre
mising that, though a proud occasion for the sculptor, still it must have been one of
* There was a special train of friends from Glasgow on the occasion.

DINNER TO FILLANS. 49
great anxiety, for he was naturaHy of a retiring disposition, and had by no means
been "accustomed to public speaking."
The Chairman, having craved a special bumper to " the health of their esteemed
and highly-gifted guest, Mr. Fillans," proceeded to say " that this was the second
public dinner which had taken place in the west of Scotland, within the last two
months, in support of the fine arts. The one in Glasgow, he might say, was unrivalled
in that city ; and Paisley never witnessed a finer assemblage than the present in sup
port of such an object. This assemblage had done itself honour by paying a marked
compliment to one who had attained so much proficiency in the silent and eloquent
language of sculpture. After recommending a visit to the temporary studio of Mr.
FiHans in Glasgow, where there was sufficient to show that he was a true son of
genius, he said, that in the situation in which he was placed to-night, he felt bound
to say something of the personal history of him whom they had met to honour, and
in whom they had aU an interest. In this country, where men, by inherent talent
and untiring perseverance and industry, had risen from smaU beginnings to the
highest ranks, there could be no disgrace, but rather the reverse, in an humble origin ;
no deHcacy need therefore be felt in saying that their honoured guest was one of
that class referred to. Born in humble circumstances, he, in early life, gave evident
tokens of that genius which had since raised him to eminence. There is a popular
adage, which must be familiar to you all, ' A man must be born a poet— he cannot
be made one.' This is frequently quoted in favour of the professors of the poetic art ;
but with still greater force, perhaps, may it be applied to the sculptor. He had only
to refer to the friend on his right in support of his argument ; unknown and un
friended, with many difficulties to overcome, he had successfully triumphed, and, from
the rank of a mechanic, had risen to the rank of an artist, and had even taken up a
place in the great metropolis as a professor of one of the noblest and highest of the
arts. His success was, in a great measure, the cause of their meeting to-night. In
support of the high opinion they entertained of the merits of their guest, they could
cite no less a personage than the late Chantrey, who, when consulted as to a work of
art required for this country, and which he could not find time to execute, said it
could not be intrusted to better hands than those of Mr. FiHans. This testimony,
from one so celebrated in the art, was the very highest praise, and the compliment
was the more flattering that it had also the approval of their distinguished country
man, now deceased, Allan Cunningham. After referring to the many admirable
qualities of Mr. Fillans as a citizen, friend, husband, and father, he paid a high com-
pHment to his native unassuming modesty. This characteristic, he said, had its
advantages as weU as disadvantages ; and, although Scotchmen were said not, to
be much troubled with it, they could stul appreciate it when exhibited. They were
now about to part with their guest, who was soon to take up his residence in the
great British metropolis ; but let them hope that the influence of their voices at this
friendly meeting would be felt far and wide, and yet benefit their estimable friend
and highly-gifted countryman, to whom he now caHed upon them to dedicate, he was
sorry to say, a stirrup-cup." G

50 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
We need scarcely say that the Chairman was cheered throughout his remarks, and
that the toast was enthusiastically drank.
Fillans rose to reply amidst the most enthusiastic demonstrations of respect.
" Gentlemen," he said, "the eloquent and eulogistic speech of the chairman, dictated
by a tender yet manly heart, has left me but little to speak of, save that of gratitude,
which is not a mean, though a delicate task ; not mean, because it is called for by
honourable men ; delicate, because, when a man speaks of himself, modesty is apt to
throw down the reins and egotism to take up the whip. But I cannot be mute in
the presence of so august an assembly, which appears to me to constitute in itself a
chronicle of aU that I have hitherto accomplished at home or abroad. I can scarcely
fix my eyes upon an individual present in whom I do not find an index of my short
career, and that from my earliest days up to this moment ; those early days, the recol
lection of which make this demonstration doubly dear to me. When I look back
upon those scenes of my solitary juvenile wanderings, from the site of the 'Roman
Camp ' to ' WaUace's Tree,' the ' Dusky Glen ' and ' Stanley Green Shaw,' thence to
the ' Braes o' Gleniffer,' and on to ' Cruikstane's mouldering walls/ I recoUect how
my young breast often heaved with indignation at the enemies of Scotland's beauteous
queen. Whether the day was serene as the evening of hfe, or boisterous as that of
noontide, it mattered not ; for as the meandering rill receives contributions from- sur
rounding nature, so did I participate of her enchantment, and found as much delight
in the martial music of the thunder-storm as in "the 'scented evening gale.' It was
amidst those wanderings that ambition first fired my brain with the desire to do
something for my country, but I knew not what ; for, though I then practised draw
ing incessantly, I knew not that to make such things as pictures or images could be
held as worthy of exultation. Ere my twelfth year, however, I thought otherwise ;
and I have long been persuaded that if there is aught that can inspire the heart of an
artist with the desire to gain an honourable and permanent fame— if there be aught
that can cheer him on to encounter and surmount difficulties, or imbue him with a
patriotic feehng for his art — it is the esteem or admiration of the intelligent and good
of his native land. If so, then, can it be considered vain should I state, in the presence
of so many of my enlightened and virtuous countrymen who have met to do me
honour in the field of my nativity (a reward which falls to the lot of few, however
many deserve it), that the spirit of ambition inspired in Gleniffer Vale, which your
presence this evening has blown into a flame, I hope yet, by laudable means, to place
as a beacon for future aspirants as high on the hill-side of fame as fate wiU permit.
These, and many other endearing ties, will bind my remembrances to you ; and suffice
it to say, that while the true bacchanalian, after participating of the sweets of the cup,
in his elation throws the vessel in the air or dashes it to the ground, demanding, with
every new pleasure, a new goblet, you, my countrymen, have not so dealt with me ;
for while I was yet a tender plant without a name, vegetating in a lowly deU, beset
with weeds, you drew me forth, transplanting me to a more congenial soil, and have
continued, with parental care, to nurture and support the stem, whereon you have
grafted, from time to time, shoots of rare and grateful flavour, and on this night the

DINNER TO FILLANS. 51
rarest and most grateful of them all. I would here stop by thanking you ; but no !
it would be vain in me to attempt the conjuring up of words expressive of the tide of
joy which rolls within my breast. At this moment my heart palpitates with grati
tude to you aU ; a gratitude as unbounded as the enthusiasm with which you have
responded to the call of your gallant Chairman, and which is not to be uttered in
words, but, I trust, by my future actions."
This truly poetical and eloquent reply was loudly applauded throughout and at the
close. The conviviality of the meeting was kept up till an early horn-.
. In the course of the evening the foHowmg song, written for the occasion by the
late Mr. William Finlay, was sung by Mr. R. M'Culloch :—
While Greece and Rome their sages boast,
Their sculptors rare, an' a' that,
Auld Scotland, too, we humbly trust,
May claim her share, an' a' that ;
An' a' that, an' a' that,
The hallowed licht an' a' that,
That lang illumined Greece and Rome,
Blinks nearer hame than a' that.
Now Fillans high his crest may cock,
May crously craw, an' a' that,
For frae the shapeless solid block
He's hewn a name, an' a' that ;
An' a' that, an' a' that,
His talents rare an' a' that,
A' show that Scotland's hills, though bleak,
Rich fruit may bear for a' that.
Beneath obscurity's dark shroud,
His youth was pass'd, an' a' that,
But like the sun frae hint a cloud,
He bursts at last, for a' that ;.
For a' that, an' a' that,
Now there he shines for a' that —
The sculptor, painter, and the bard,
A' three combined, for a' that.
The Venus de Medici, rich
In symmetry, an' a' that,
O'er a' the yirth has been allowed
To bear the gree, an' a' that ;
An' a' that, an' a' that,
Yet Paisley lasses shaw that
An' artist needna gang frae hame
For models braw, an' a' that.
Then let us a' a bumper fill,
To drink the health, an' a' that,
O Fillans, honest, decent chiel,
Our worthy guest, an' a' that ;
G 2

52 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
His talents, fame, an' a' that,
His kindly heart, an' a' that —
I' the words o' our immortal bard —
" A man's a man for a' that ! "

MONUMENT TO CAPT. WILSON AT BEITH.
FHlans returned to London immediately after the foregoing most flattering demon
stration in his favour ; but he had soon again to visit Scotland, where, indeed, his
business chiefly lay. He had been engaged to execute a monument to the late
Captain Wilson at Beith, and accordingly we find him writing from that locality on
the 10th April, 1844. But permit us first to copy the following account ofthe monu
ment, from the Ayr Observer of the 20th of that month : —
" It will be remembered that some time ago, the officers of the 64th regiment of native infantry
sent home a sum of money, for the purpose of having a marble tablet erected to the memory of the
late Captain Wilson, who fell whilst commanding that regiment in the Kyber Pass. It has since
been executed by that eminent sculptor, Fillans of London, and was placed in the body of the parish
church of Beith on the 10th inst. It is in the form of an Egyptian sarcophagus, of white marble,
surrounded by black marble, representing the primitive Egyptian arch. Above is an emblematical re
presentation of eternity. In the centre of the sarcophagus is a tablet, on which the closing scene in the
career of Captain Wilson is exquisitely represented — a scene most powerfully expressive of the esteem
in which he was held by the men under his command — they having borne away, at the risk of their
own lives, from amid the dying and the dead, the lifeless body of their beloved commander to Chris
tian burial, exemplifying that rare evidence of affection — ' for a good man some would even dare to die.'
The first in the group is a young ensign carrying the British colours before the mournful procession ;
but his face is turned to the fallen warrior, expressing the deepest ^sympathy and regret. Four
soldiers are in the act of lifting the lifeless body, which they have wrapped in his martial cloak ; the
sword arm, so lately raised in defence of his country's rights, hangs nerveless and powerless, and his
hand lies back on the neck of one of the faithful band, who, kneeling, seems emulous of the honour of
carrying him on his shoulders, lest the rude bier they have formed of their muskets should injure
the senseless clay. A British soldier, a bold martial-looking figure, worthy of a Michael Angelo, has
left for a moment the falling feet, and in defence of his precious charge, has turned and sheathed his
sword in the body of an Afghan, who had rushed down for the purpose of plundering the dead.
Others beyond are seen firing at the heights occupied by the enemy. Underneath is the following.
inscription : — ' In memory of Captain Alexander Wilson, 64th Bengal Native Infantry, who fell in
action, whilst commanding the regiment in the Kyber Pass, Afghanistan, on the 24th January, 1842.
This tablet is erected by his brother officers of the 64th.' We admire the correctness of taste dis
played in the choice of the Egyptian style, which is the most closely allied to that of India. The
whole design is elegant, and so touchingly and exquisitely delineated, that it powerfully appeals to
the sympathies of all, and we feel awed, as if we contemplated reality."
In his letter from Beith, already alluded to, Fillans describes the satisfaction his
labours had given to all the parties concerned; but it did not pay him, the sum
contributed being inadequate to. the work expended upon it. He was, however,
loaded with presents of curiosities from the East, by the relatives of the deceased,
who heartily thanked him for the con amore manner in which he had executed the
work intrusted to him.

PROFESSOR WILSON— BRILLIANT PROSPECTS. 53

PKOFESSOE WILSON.
The bust of Professor Wilson had now to be set about in earnest. On the 27th
April, 1 844, Fillans writes from Edinburgh, that he had been in search of premises
there to work in, but was unsuccessful. He had also been desirous of seeing the
Professor, but on calling had the mortification to find that Christopher North had
donned his fishing habiliments, and gone to the Highlands. Posting after him, how
ever, FiHans overtook the Professor at Glasgow, and remained with him during the
evening. Wilson kindly invited the artist to join his party in a fortnight's excursion ;
but, however delightful the trip might have been, and flattered as he was by the
invitation, he was compelled, for want of leisure, to plead an excuse.*

BKILLIANT PEOSPECTS-PATEONAGE ON THE INCREASE.
In the same letter he speaks of " finishing the model of Hogg by Monday," and
mentions having been at Bathgate on a visit to " cousin Johnstone," where he was
introduced to an old man, who gave him good hopes that he was the rightful heir to
a large sum of money which had been left by a Robert White, a relation of his
mother. But more of this anon. On returning to Glasgow he found an order for £20
from Dr. Houstoun, in name of himself and his sister, as a present for the superior
manner in which he had executed their uncle's monument.! Also, a note from
Robert Napier, Esq., requesting him to call at the late Mr. Ewing's, M.P. for
Glasgow, who was about to commission a bust of himself and lady.
On the 9th May, 1844, we find him writing thus from Levenside : —
" Mr. Ewing's bust is all right, though I have not wrought more than two half-days on it ; but Mrs.
Ewing's will trouble me, I fear. She is pretty, and exceedingly lady-like in her manners.! Mr. and
Mrs. Ewing are very kind, and the place is delightful. ... At present (just after dinner) there
are in the next room three Misses Smollett, nieces of the great novelist, and three clergymen, one
a Mr. Macdonald, who is on a mission to collect ^50,000 — ,£48,000 of which he has already got — for
* We have heard it stated, that the Professor and his Edinburgh circle of literati felt somewhat
shy at the honour proposed for him by his Paisley friends, while the artists of " Modern Athens "
looked rather doubtingly upon the provincial sculptor's power of manipulation. Fillans, however, in
defiance of all discouragement, resolved to show that he was no vulgar pretender, and set to work
with great coolness. , When thoroughly finished with the model, he said, " Now, Professor, you may
call in your friends." The late Sir William Rae and others were present, and after a minute
inspection, a unanimous and enthusiastic verdict in favour of the sculptor was the result. This
hardly coincides with the statement of Fillans in his letters, but there may be some degree of truth
in it. The Professor was himself so pleased with the bust, that he said to Fillans — " I have sat to
many, but I will never sit to another, that bust is so excellent." It appeared at the exhibition
of the Royal Academy, London, 1845, and was the only bust noticed with unqualified approbation,
as " a work of very high excellence," by the Art Union of that year.
+ Captain Wilson's, we presume.
X His fears were not well founded. His success with Mrs. Ewing's bust was complete.

54 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
the purpose of building schools in connection with the Free Church. He is to preach to-night in
Dumbarton, and we all go to hear him — two carriage loads — at seven o'clock."
Fillans was stiU at Levenside on the 16th May, 1844, but appears to have gone to
London immediately afterwards.
Dame Fortune seemed evidently to smile upon the artist. Amongst his patrons at
this time, the name of Kirkman Finlay of Castle Toward also appears, and a number
of other respectable parties whom we shall not attempt to particularize. He must
have felt proud of his position and his prospects. Not only had he Professor Wilson's
bust on hand, but the subscribers to the "Shaw Testimonial" in Kilmarnock had
either commissioned, or were about to do so, a colossal statue of the late Sir James
Shaw, Bart., some time Lord Mayor, and latterly City Chamberlain, of London. He,
at aU events, was certain that the order would not go past him.
FiHans was again in Scotland early in 1845. Writing from Paisley, 24th January,
he states that he had finished three busts, for marble, and engaged for two others,
aH in Glasgow. He was staying in Dr. Paton's, but intended going to Neilston, to
pass the Sunday with Mr. Cochrane of Kirktonfield. In April of that year we find
him at Kilmun, where he seems to have devoted a spare hour to the muses in the
composition of the following verses : — THE ROWAN TREE.
When moorfoul caw and lambkins play,
And lengthening shadows speil the brae,
I o'er the muirlan' bent my way
To the bonnie banks o' Craigie.
There cozie 'neath the rowan tree,
Whare we frae witchery were free,
I pressed the han' and praised the e'e,
The glowin' e'e o' Aggie.*
As gently yields the tender flower,
When bending 'neath the summer shower,
E'en sae my Aggie's head did cower
Wi' downcast, wat'rie e'e.
By a' the aiths by lovers made,
By a' the vows o' heart an' head,
I pledge my truth to thee, fair maid,
Wilt thou do sae to me ?
As sunny gleams in cloudy day,
Glaik on the hills and flit away,
Sae flushed her cheek as she did say —
My Jamie, O my Jamie !
I for nae ither vow did speir,
But fondly kissed the gratefu' tear
E'er it did fa'; then did we swear,
Ne'er to forget the rowan tree.
* But for the sake of the rhyme, this would have read Grade — Mrs. Fillans.

THE BURNS FAMILY. 55
"Mountblow, 2d July, 1845. — When I wrote you from this last I stated that I had secured the
likeness of Mr. Dunn and his brother. ... I expect to be completed with them on Monday first."
Mr. Fillans appears to have returned soon after this % to London — at least, in
November (14th, 1845), we find him at Fleetwood, on his way to Glasgow, by
Ardrossan. Writing from Paisley on the 2d December, 1845, he says : —
" I met with Captain Thomson and his wife here, and dined with them at Dr. Baton's ; they left
at 3 p.m. for London  Last night I dined with Mr. J. Dunn, and slept in Mr. Cochrane's
house, HiUhead. To-morrow I dine along with twenty gents at Mr. M' Arthur's. On Friday I go to v
Caldwell to ruralize for a few days, and model the bust of the Colonel. On Thursday next I dine
with Sheriff Campbell," &c.
He was kindly entertained at Caldwell House.
In short, his invitations to the country at this period " were numerous and flatter
ing" in the extreme. In the fulness of his heart he exclaims, in one of his epistles to
his better-half — " What think ye of the stucco now !"*
His studio in Glasgow was open to the public at this time. Writing from Paisley,
25th December, he says : —
" At present I am on my way to Mr. Brown's, Auchintorlie, to pass the Christinas, that is, I dine
and remain all night. To-morrow I finish a bust of Mr. Graham Hutchison, and on Saturday finish
one of Col. Mure. . . . My exhibition ought to have been closed to-day, but I am going to give
two days more. On Tuesday I was honoured with a visit of our old friend, the Duchess of Suther
land, accompanied by Lord and Lady Blantyre, the Marquis of Lorn, &e. Mr. Napier, whose works
they had been visiting, brought them."
In a letter, dated " Glasgow, 16th March, 1846," Fillans says : — " While I write, the
Italian is casting the bust of Mr. James Coats, senior," and refers to several other
busts, the casting and packing of which will delay him for a few days. He adds': —
" To-day I send a letter to Mr. Forrest, sixteen pages in length. It is long enough !"

THE BHENS FAMILY-IMAGINAEY INTEEVIEW.
We are uncertain whether Fillans paid a visit to the " Land of Burns " at this time,
but he appears to have done so at least in imagination. His friend, the late Mr.
Forrest, London, having often complained that he never took the trouble of writing
him anything in reference to Scotia's bard, or the scenery of his inimitable strains, he
resolved to silence him by a huge epistle, consisting of more than eight sheets —
sixteen pages— post folio. From some scraps of the draft of this document — the copy
itself remaining in the family of Mr. Forrest — we are enabled to make out the
leading portion of it. It wHl be seen that Fillans wrests more than half-a-century
from the grasp of time, and, with the admirable skill of a painter and poet, intro
duces himself bodily into the family circle at Lochlea. It is one of the most life-like
* During his courtship, it seems he had some trouble in obtaining the consent of his "ladye love"
who had a numerous train of admirers, and her friends and companions had called him stucco, by way
of annoying her ; hence his query — " What think ye of the stucco ?"

56 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
pictures of the family of Burns, and of the bard himself in his more innocent and
happier years, we have seen, and we are sure our readers will thank us for preserv
ing it. It is a fragment, and commences somewhat abruptly :—
..." Gang to see that ungracious lad Burns ! the minister would ne'er forgi'e me.
" Having promised to return to my friend in the evening, I took to the road and he to the kirk.
The morning was rather cloudy ; the roads, though rough, dry ; and myriads of blossoms on the hedge
rows held forth their balmy lips to the joyous embrace of the western winds. I sped like a shuttle;
but, to my great dismay, I soon drew up ; for two magpies, or pyets, attempting to cross my path,*
hovered for a moment on my right wing, over the centre of the road, as if eyeing me, but were beat
back by the winds. Seeing that they did not cross, I thought that I might proceed. I did not think
it long till I arrived at Tarbolton. The kirk was in ; the hum of which accorded beautifully with the
morning breeze. For a time the town seemed to be without an inhabitant ; at last I saw the pale face
of a young man reconnoitring me through a window. I hailed him. He answered by opening the
door. I inquired my way to Lochlea.
" ' Lochlea ! ay, and what may be your erran' there ? '
"'I wish to see the youth Burness.'
" ' Ou, ay, Robie ; I ken him weel enou'. But he'll maybe be at the kirk ; it'll no be out for twa hours
yet. I've been unweel, an' hinna been there for sax weeks. He's a strange lad, Robie ' (and his pale
face glowed at the mention of his name) ; ' I whiles meet him at the club.'
" After a little persuasion he went with me to the neighbourhood of Montgomerie Castle. The
scenery around the castle is gorgeously picturesque.t On returning I felt thirsty, so we went to the
house where the club is held, and had a cup of ale. The house is a long thatch building (an old farm-
steading, I should think). We then went to the kirk-yard ' to muse amongst the tombs ;' but here I
lost my guide, for he ' durst not show face there ;' but previous to parting he pointed out the way to
Lochlea. 3 p.m., a most respectable and devout-looking congregation issued from the kirk. There
was amongst the living throng a female, who seemed to me to be the fairest of the fair. Her figure
was graceful as the pine-tree, her step light as the doe's breath, her head and shoulders a boquet of
flowers, by nature arranged, of benignity, modesty, and love, throwing a grateful halo of serenity over
her countenance. Such charms make woman attractive — all attraction. I fancied I looked on the
daughter of a country gentleman. Next there came forth one who was certainly intended to be to the
fair sex what shade is to a picture, as the Lun' oners call it. Though of itself darkness, yet it serves
to show off the more brilliant and substantial, and, consequently, the more useful objects of the
female creation, since woman was not intended originally to torment, but to soothe the mind of man.
She came forth jostling her gay attire with haughty air. Discontent and self-conceit stamped upon her
brow, she deemed herself of some importance ; and so she was, for a stander-by whispered that ' she
was lady's-maid to  .' He continued, ' She is a — ' ' Stop, my friend,' says I, ' you need not
tell more, for I can see what she is.'
" I then, mingling with the crowd, bent my way by the old lodge towards Lochlea, a farm two miles
distant, the residence of Burns ; for ten years of the best, and probably his finest days of love and
poesy, were spent there. For a time the road was covered with groups of lads and lasses, along with
their sires, which for a time made my journey very pleasant ; but they gradually thinned, some to
the right side, some to the left. I soon found myself alone on a dreary road. I turned towards a farm
house to inquire my way, and was met by a snarling dog, who kept me at bay ; so I had to proceed
* Alluding to the superstition that these birds crossing one's path is unlucky.
t And there, too, is the thorn-tree where Burns used to meet his Highland Mary. In Tarbolton
the most interesting object is the house in which the Tarbolton Lodge held their meetings in the days
of Burns. It was then the chief inn, though now occupied by cottars. I give an outline of it from
memory. At the back was the hall and lodge-room ; the road to Lochlea passes by the end of it. In
this lodge Burns sang "Adieu ! a heart-fond warm adieu,!" and is said to be the last house in which
he was seen in Tarbolton.

' THE BURNS FAMILY. 57
without the necessary information. Show me a man's dog, and I will tell you what sort of a temper
the man has got, thought I, as I trudged on towards "Willie's mill." A little further on and I
arrived at Lochlea.
"As I approached, all had the appearance of the stillness of a Scottish Sabbath. I knocked at a
door ; it was opened by a young man, who calmly asked what was my will. (I afterwards learned he
took me either for a doctor or a clergyman.)
" ' My will is to know something of a youth called Robert Burns.'
" ' Come in, Sir, and be seated.'
" On entering this apartment, which was the kitchen, rather spacious in its dimensions, occupying
the whole width of the house, and extremely clean, tastefully arranged with ornaments on the half-
modernized mantel-piece. At one side of the fire-place was seated a young woman in an easy-chair
made of straw-plait, as bees'-skeps are ; she was most delicate and exquisite in form ; her large dark
eyes, beaming with heavenly light, and massive forehead, were contrasted with the wan, undulating
cheek, and long tapering fingers. All indicated that God was purifying and preparing her for him
self. Dire consumption rankled there.
" ' This is my sister, who has rather been complaining for some time,' said the youth, while in the
act of folding up a large volume, which evidently he had been perusing previous to my unexpected
vjsit. This was the Holy Bible. It had four brass knobs on each board to save the binding ; and a,
large brass clasp for holding the boards together, gave it an antiquated but substantial appearance.
" The large eagle-like eye of the youth caught that of his sister's, while she, in a feeble but kindly
manner, said, 'Robert, this stranger may need refreshment ; will you help him to something ?'
" ' Most certainly,' said he ; ' ye drank before me, sister. I was just thinking of that.' And laying
hold of a luggie he left the apartment.
" ' You will excuse us, Sir,' continued this fair daughter of Zion ; ' for all our people are gone to
church except Robert, who remained at home to keep me company, without whom I should have a
weary time of it in this world.'
" This conversation was interrupted by his re-entrance with a cog of milk in one hand, and a basket
containing mashlam bannocks and cheese in the other.
" ' God helps them that help themselves,' said he, as he placed the food before me. * You see that I
am both housemaid and dairymaid to-day, Sir. Make yourself comfortable ; and as the day is cold,
ye's get a dram to the bargain.' At the same time placing a black bottle on the table, shaped some
thing like a mason's mallet.
"In retiring to his seat at a window recess, alternately opening and shutting the clasps ofthe Bible
unconsciously, he would cast a wistful look on his sister, and then look towards the azure sky, as if
he wished to conceal his grief, and to breathe a prayer in her behalf. His full persuasive lip, broad
massive chin, dark hair, partly concealing a lofty brow and rather bilious complexion, as the sky was
reflected in his translucent eye, gave a dignity of expression to that peasant's features which seemed
to be something more than human.
" ' Who is this,' he exclaimed, ' coming o'er the hill at this hour ? it can't be our people, as their
church is not yet out.'
"'Ay, Robin,' said his sister in a transport of joy which seemed too much for her to bear; 'Ay
Robin, there's Mary Campbell ; open the door, haste ye.'
" The word haste ye seemed to be superfluous, for in an instant Robin was at the door. The name of
Mary Campbell was no sooner mentioned than he sprung forward to welcome her in. A joyous meet
ing it was ; for a time melancholy left his sister's brow, and joy seemed to occupy the zone of her heart.
As Mary Campbell laid aside her plaid she disclosed a head of yellow ringlets, flowing like a wimp-
ling stream, and a beautifully formed neck and shoulders. The expression of her countenance was
more of the sensible beauty than otherwise. In her I recognized the young lady whom I had seen at
church in the forenoon, and jotted down as the daughter of a country gentleman. I never shall forget
the sweetness of expression that played upon the countenance of the invalid as Mary Campbell placed
upon her lap two small porcelain jars, saying, ' This is a jar of jelly which my mistress sent over to
you, and ane of honey frae the skep which your brither Robert gied me last winter.'
" ' May God bless you, and all connected with Montgomerie, for I shall never be able to reward you
H

58 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
and your mistress for your extraordinary kindness to me. But gin ye will, and Robin is an instru
ment in hand, and God will, he'll sing ye a sang o' his ain makin' ; that is the way he pays his debts,
he says.'  He had no sooner crossed the threshold than I grasped his hand, and hailed
him as a ploughman-bard. ' You do me infinite honour,' said he, returning the pressure, ' which I
never shall forget.'
" ' No, it is me who is honoured,' said I, ' having the privilege of conversation with one who has
written some of the sweetest songs that ever were penned.'
" ' They were only the recreation of my bye-hours, and they meet the approbation of my country
men. I have, no ambition but to live to my country's praise. Seeing you like these sangs, there are
plenty mair.ye" havena seen before. Come this way and I will show some which I have just finished,
before our folk come hame frae the kirk.'
" I followed him up a trap-ladder over the spence, with a small window in a gable, consisting of four
compartments, three of which were filled with bull's eyes, the fourth with an old mat, in front of
which was a small rustic round table, covered with papers. The seat was a red painted chest. A
bed and a smaller chest, some old horse-girths, a barrel, a large sack of wool, an Andrea Ferrara,
and a plaid, was, as far as I could see, all the furniture of the place. The floor was nothing but rungs ;
overhead the rafters were exposed.
" ' There is a bundle of papers,' said he, "amongst which are ' Dr. Hornbook,' ' The Death and Dying
Words of Poor Mailie,' and fifty other pieces, some better, some worse ; and here is a few verses in
another style, which I composed to please the mind, and, if possible, to soothe the love of a broken
hearted father and sister ; it is entitled the ' Cottar's Saturday Night' You can only look at the
heads just now, but I will write a copy the first wet day."
" By this time I had opened the parcel of papers, and having observed the poem entitled, ' The Death
and Dying Words of Poor Mailie,' I inquired for Davock, and was informed ' he had gone to the
fields with the cattle, but that he had retained poor Mailie's legacy with great care ; I believe he
has made a purse of it, but where he has it hid I cannot tell, nor whether there is anything in it, for
money is rather scarce in this quarter.'
"Turning over another paper, I came to one named 'Mauchline Holy Fair.'
" ' That is the best thing,' exclaimed the author, ' that I have yet written ; and the individuals,
Hypocrisy and Superstition, whom you admire so much, reside within the town.'
" Next turned up a poem entitled ' The Calf.'
" ' I have been rather severely handled concerning that and several other pieces I have written
about the clergy ; they call me an unbeliever, atheist, and the like ; but, to use the words of a poet
whose name I forget at this moment, ' I am animated to give allegiance to anything that is for my
country's good, but I abhor that set of lazy fat-fed friars who neither plough nor sow, but yet they reap
the fat of all the land, and suck the poor.'
" This patriotic speech was interrupted by the barking of a dog. ' There's Davock and the kirk
folk,' said he, as he descended the ladder.
" I met with Mr. and Mrs. Burns, the poet's father and mother, and Gilbert his brother, and the
collie dog, the latter welcoming them home. On re-entering the kitchen Mai-y Campbell was putting
on her plaid to return to Coilsfield. Robert, in less time than it would take me to tell, was bon
neted and by her side o'er the moor. I thanked them for their hospitality, and took for the road,
and arrived at Nursery Hall about eight o'clock at night, without any mishap, save at that part of
the road where the. magpies attempted to cross in the morning ; the wind blew so furiously that it
turned my umbrella inside out, and carried off my hat ; in attempting to recover which, in a running
and stooping posture, it thought proper to increase my catastrophe, and blew my cloak over my head.
The devil's in the magpies, thought I. It was some time before I got all right again."
Fillans seems to have gone to London soon after this, but we find him again in
Scotland in May of the following year. Writing from home, May 29, 1847, he says : —
" Mrs. Rodger's medallion is now finished. I have called on many of my friends, not all. Next
week will be occupied mostly in visiting — then work I must. Mr. and Mrs. Rodger were to leave

VOYAGE TO MEET THE QUEEN. 59.
to-day for Rothsay. I ,am, if inclined, to make their house at Lonehd my home while here. I will
do so till I commence work in Glasgow."
" Glasgow June 5, 1847. — Till to-day I could not get a place, but it is a good one, being in
Exchange Square. Rent 50s. per week. Rather heavy. Yesterday I engaged for a bust of Robert
M' Arthur, from a picture and medallion by John [his brother] ; one is proposed of Mr. Cochrane,*
and one of Sheriff Campbell. To-day I go to Rothsay. Robert was there on Thursday."
"Paisley, June 12, 184V. — Since I last wrote I have had a commission of a bust of the late Mr.
James Coats. It must be made from a small picture" and memory. To-day I was down at Dun-
tocher, and had a sitting of Mr. Dunn. He is about eighty years of age, and worth hundreds of
thousands of pounds. At one time he was a blacksmith. Lately he added to his great property the
estate of Auchentoshan. To-day I went through the house with him, and felt as if I could have wept
on looking at the chairs on which I had sat some years ago, when they belonged to the late Cross
Buchanan, and reflected that all the grandeur of the place had passed away from his family 
To-night, if I can, I go to Hamilton Palace to see Gairdner."
Mr. FiHans did not find Mr. Gairdner till next day, Sunday. He returned early
on Monday, and proceeded same day to Mr. Dunn's, Duntocher, returning again to
Glasgow on Tuesday.
"Kilmarnock, August 8, 1847. — Just returned from Ayr. Have been at Mauchline — slept
there. Next morning breakfasted with Smith, the snuff-box maker. .... We had a delightful
morning in Mr. Smith's company, and that of his family. Afterwards we called, along with Mr. S.,
on Robert Burns, son of the Burns."
Glasgow, August 12, 1847.' — Fillans had been at Edinburgh that day, arriving
there the night before. Saw Mr. Fife and his " old friend Kennedy from Texas."
Mentions Mr. Scott's having fixed that he should be one of the company on board the
Admiral on Monday and Tuesday first, to meet the Queen, as the Eoyal Family
proceed up the Clyde on their way, by the Crinan Canal, to Balmoral. Mr. and Mrs.
Kennedy were to be of the party. , •
" Glasgow, Saturday.— Yesterday I accompanied Mr. and Mrs. Kennedy to Paisley. To-day I had
a sitting of Mrs. Graham Hutchison ; Mr. G.'s brother, Robert, sits to me. On Monday morning
early I join Mr. Scott and about one hundred of the most worthy of Glasgow, on board the
Admiral, to meet and accompany the Queen for two days. I will write you a description of our
excursion." FiHans was accordingly on board the Admiral, which carried the city autho
rities on their voyage to' meet the royal squadron. He seems to have enjoyed
the splendid scene with the highest zest ; and, in writing home, fairly breaks out
into a song, which he entitles — TO MT WIFE,
Aie — Of a' the airts the win' can blaw.
" Come, Gracie, sit ye by my side,
I'll tell ye whaur I've been —
¦I've sailed far doun 'the river Clyde,'
To welcome hame our Queen.
* Mr. Cochrane died shortly before this. In a letter to Samuel R. Brown, Esq., one of the warmest
of the many warm friends of the statuary, dated 10th April, 1847, Fillans bewails the infliction in
terms of excessive grief. [See Appendix.]
H 2

60 ¦ MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS
" In the Admiral we did sail
For bonnie dayis three,
Ilk magnate his true leman had,
An' sair I sigh'd for thee.
" We saw her leaving Lamlash bay
Whaur lang we'd waiting been —
We doffed our bonnets to hurra —
Hurra for Scotland's Queen !
" Like swallow skimming o'er the deep,
She sailed fleet as the wind ;
We tried 'our best upside to keep,
But aye we lagg'd behind.
" Soon at old Greenock we arrived —
A glorious sight I ween ;
Ye'd thought that the hail warl' had hived,
An' swarmed aroun' its Queen !
" At Dunbritton too, if it be true —
(I was not there to see) —
Queen, Prince, and Lord, look'd on the sword
Wight Wallace drew for libertie.
" Liberty then was bound in chains,
May these days ne'er return ;
But if they do, let the tyrant rue —
Remember Bannockburn !
" Before the sun's last golden rays
On Jura's breast had set,
Heart, home, and hill were in a blaze
When i' Rothsay Bay we met.
" Our Queen ! — -maids danced and sung her praise,
An' rockets stormed the sky ;
Huge cannon too their voices raise —
'She's come — she's come,' they cry.
" Next by Lochfine, a scene divine,
Baith maid and morn serene,
Five hundred Celts, broadsword and kilts,
Came rallying round our Queen.
" And here again the cannons roar
Frae yonder hill sae hoary,
An' echo ran around the shore,
Welcome ! welcome ! Yictory !
" Now sparkling wine by ruby lips
Was quaffed once and again ;
Each to the Queen, and social frien',
And to their only ane.*

* Their sweetheart.

SYMPTOMS OF GLOOM. (J]
" Thus subject an' Queen hae happy been,
Lang happy may they be;
May I and you, our hail lives thro',
Live in like harmonie ! "
Glasgow, September 11, 1847.— Been very busy this week. In a few minutes leave
for Kilmun to spend the Sabbath with Mr. Higginbotham.
Glasgow, September 21, 1847. — Spent the previous Sabbath at Mr. Higgin-
botham's, where he met his old friend, Mr. Scott, and a gentleman from England.
All went to church save himself.
Glasgow, September 26, 1848. — So ill that he could not write on Saturday, in con
sequence of the death of Mr. Hamilton of Lounsdale.
" I have been at Lounsdale, and taken a cast of Mr. H.'s head. He died of apoplexy, in two days'
illness. He has left four children (girls), I believe, unprovided for."
Imthis letter FHlans speaks of leaving for London in a day or two. If he did so,
he must have returned very speedily, for we find him writing as follows in October
foHowing : —
Hamilton, October 28, 1847. — After referring to the bust of Mr. Houldsworth, upon
which he was engaged, he says —
" Last night I visited Mr. Pattison and family, five miles from this. Remained all night, was
kindly entertained, and solicited to return soon, and pass a day or two at Coltness. Saw Lady Bel-
haven last night. She insisted that I should spend a few days at Wishaw House : ' There is a room
ready for you, and stay as long as you like. Be sure and come soon,' was the last of her ladyship's
kind invitation."
" Coltness, October 29, 1847.— I am just finishing Mr. Houldsworth's bust. . . . My works are
drawing near and more near a close, I weary much to get home. ... If I had had time I should
have described this romantic and lovely place to you."
Some of FiHans' letters at this time refer to the statue of Sir James Shaw. He
seems to have been a good deal annoyed with this piece of work ; first, by the delay
or mismanagement of those from whom he purchased the marble ; and, secondly, by
the inattention of his workmen. In directing them how to proceed, he repeatedly
admonishes them to adhere strictly to the model, and not to touch, till his return,
the limbs, hands, breast, or head", or parts where he wished additions.

SYMPTOMS OF GLOOM.
Although the ball seemed thus to be at the artist's foot, and although hope had
hitherto, in appearance, carried all before him with a joyous hand, there can be no
doubt that Fillans often found himself in difficulties ; and he was constitutionally
so sensitive, and withal proud and independent, that annoyances of this kind must
have weighed heavily upon him. We discover no trace of any such feeling, how-

62 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
ever, in his correspondence tiH the year 1847, when we find him writing thus
gloomily : — "Paisley, November 17, 1847.
" My beloved Wife, — You say that you are melancholy. I am sorry for you. ' A fellow-feeling
makes us wondrous kind.' For three weeks past I have had dreadful fits of sadness. Each
morning I awoke in grief, from what cause I cannot tell, if it is not the dulness of the weather and
times. Everybody looks as if there was a plague in the city. Who is down [bankrupt] to-day, and
who shall be the next, are the pass-words of the season here. . . . The want of cash, I believe, is
the cause of my morning's sorrow, and my longing to be with my family is intolerable. However, I
generally get better by about ten o'clock."
In another letter, of the 18th of November, he refers to the same subject, and
relates how many cases of destitution — parties who had once been comfortable, nay
affluent — he had seen in the course of that day. " Eeflecting on these various sights,"
he says, " I exclaimed, Praise God, 0 my soul ! Hence, ye demons, that would
destroy my peace of mind ! Melancholy fled, and. I became a renewed man."
FiHans, however, could not but see and feel that fortune bestowed her favours in
vain. What he gained with the one hand, was in a manner thrown away with the
other. All his employment, it may be truly said, had hitherto come from the west
of Scotland; and yet, for the sake of a name, he felt it necessary to maintain an
expensive establishment in London. The system of centralization, which draws
everything to the capital, absorbed the greater part of his income, without his
deriving any benefit from it. He was himself no niggard at the same time. His
house in Baker's Street, London, was also the house of his aged parents, and of his
brothers ; and what with travelling expenses and boarding while in Scotland, it was
impossible that he could have saved money. He was by no means a person of
extravagant tastes or habits. On the contrary, " what he eat, or drank, or clothed
himself withal," were matters of comparative indifference to him. Indeed, he de
spised the undue consideration of these things as gross and unmanly. But he had
" a hand open as day to melting charity,"* and altogether so unselfish, that how to
make money was perhaps amongst the very last of his thoughts ; still, he could not but
feel doubtful of the future, when, after ten or twelve years of hard appHcation, and
the exertion of no ordinary talent, he found himself repeatedly in want of a five
pound note. Events will cast their shadows before. But enough of this at present.
Although FHlans expected to leave immediately for London, he seems to have
been detained till the close of the year. Writing from Paisley, on the 25th Novem
ber, 1 847, he refers to certain money matters, and seems resolved upon saving cash

* Numerous instances might be given. When the potato crop failed, a few years ago, a bazaar was
got up in Edinburgh for the relief of our suffering countrymen in the Highlands, Fillans modelled a
statuette of the Madonna and Child, similar to the large marble group, and sent it as a contribution.
It realized thirty guineas. About the same period he modelled another for Paisley, which likewise
brought thirty guineas. Two or three years ago, he modelled a figure of our Saviour inviting little
children to come unto him, in aid of funds for the Bagged School in Paisley, which produced fifteen
guineas. Frequently he has been known to give his last sixpence to people in distress.

SYMPTOMS OF GLOOM. 63
— a nest-egg of £50 being in the bank. From Ferguslie House, on the 5th Decem
ber, he says —
"My works are nearly all packed. I am bound to deliver up the keys of my place on Wednesday
first, so by that day all must be cleared out and off. I now weary most confoundedly to be with you
and our little ones. While I write there is a little fellow rolling at my feet. There are "three nice
children in this house, and ' Mr. Fillans' bedroom,' as it is already styled, is fit for any prince in £he
kingdom ; so far well. But these three children are not mine, and the bed is lonely."
" Paisley, December 7, 1847.— To-day I finished the bust of T. Coats, and have just left them—
that is, Mr. Coats, his goodwife, and family. She is one ofthe worthiest of her kind I have met for
some time"
" Ferguslie House, December 16, 1847. — Could not write you yesterday, being engaged at Lonend
finishing two small busts for Mr. Young, whose bust, and that of his lady, I have modelled for marble.
The cabinet ones are for Germany, and I understand they are to be sent off to-day, so as to reach
their destination by Christmas."
StiU expects to leave for London by Wednesday.
" Glasgow, 'December 17, 1847. — On Wednesday last I sent off seven cases, containing — 1st, Mr. Bab
cock, a young man, and Mr. Houldsworth ; 2d, Mr. R. Hutchison,, and Mr. M'Lean ; 3d, Mr.
M' Arthur, and Mr. James Coats, posthumous ; 4th, the Figure of Morn, and Mr. Dunn's bust and
sketch of his statue ; 5th, Mr. Graham Hutchison, and Mr. James Hutchison ; 6th, Mr. Young, and
Mr. Thomas Coats ; 7th, the marble bust of Colonel Mure."
Fillans left for London apparently close upon the end of the year, and remained
there for some time finishing the statue of Sir James Shaw. This he had accom
plished before the end of June, 1848, in which month we find him again in Scotland,
writing — Tuesday (but no date), from Mountblow (Mr. Dunn's) —
" I intended to have written you yesterday, but could not manage it, for this reason — Mr. Gale, civil
engineer, &c, and I had engaged to visit the Mearns parish, for the double purpose of examining the
Gorbals water-work, for which he is engineer, and taking a first sitting of Sir Hew C. Pollock, who
promised, to sit to me last year. Sir H. is so busy he cannot sit at present  Gale and I
examined the water reservoirs, and saw the turning of a burn from its course of ten thousand years.
Pitiful to see the little fishes struggling in the dried-up channel, gasping and dying. Had Richard
[one of his sons] been there he would have been in his glory."
" Glasgow, Thursday. — I arrived at Levenvale about 10 p.m. (Saturday). Mr. and Mrs. Ewing
were well; Mrs. Craufurd was there. She looked uncommonly healthy and stout. This I could not
help remarking, with the addition, that she was several years younger. ' As compliments are going,' said
Mrs. Ewing, 'you, Mr. Fillans, look immensely improved by getting your hair cropped .' , 'Ai,' said
I, 'it was my wife that advised me to that.' ' She must be a person of some sense,' rejoined Mrs. E.
' Humph, growled Mr. M.' Here the compliments dropped."
Next day Fillans accompanied the family to church ; and, on Monday, Mr. Ewing
had a boating party on Loch Lomond.
From Glasgow, on the 21st July, 1848, he writes that he had been at Kilmarnock
the day before, laying the foundation for the Shaw monument.
Dumbarton, Monday. — Passed the Sabbath at Walkingshaw House — weather
stormy — did not go to church.

64 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.

INAUGURATION OF THE STATUE OF SIR JAMES SHAW, BART.
The fuH-length colossal statue of Sir James Shaw was executed, as already stated,
at Fillans' studio in London. In this case, the artist had not the advantage of
modelling from nature, yet he succeeded in completing not only an exceUent statue,
but a striking likeness of the venerable Baronet.* Sir James, as is well known, was
long a distinguished citizen of London, and a kind patron to young men entering
upon the arena of life. Kilmarnock in particular, his native place, and the west of
Scotland generally, experienced, in no measured degree, the liberality and solicitude
of their munificent countryman. Hence the testimonial to his. memory which adorns
the market-place of Kilmarnock — a memorial of his exaltation and character to all
time, and an undying specimen of the sculptor's triumph.
The statue had been open to the admirers of the art, at his studio in London, for
some time after it was finished, and numerous visitors, both royal and noble, had
availed themselves of the opportunity of inspecting it.t AH were alike hearty in
their approval of the artist's skill ; nor was the press slow to give public voice to
their encomiums : —
" Its least merit," says one journal, " is its portraiture of the original, although a perfect likeness.
Many of the burghers of Kilmarnock, where it is to find a resting-place, will recognize their dis
tinguished townsman in this statue, placed at the town cross, without reference to the pedestal on
which his name is inscribed. It is a classic work, in which the ideal has imparted to the reality the
grace and dignity befitting a civic magistrate and an honest public 'servant. His robes of office
hang as gracefully as the toga of the Roman ; nor does the costume of modern times debar the artist
from setting forth the manly developments of a Scot, who stood six feet three inches from his mother
earth. The statue stands eight feet, and is to be placed on a pedestal of equal altitude. It will be
an ornament to the town of Kilmarnock, and an honourable record of the spirit of its inhabitants,
which induced them to erect so splendid a testimonial to the private worth and public services of a
townsman. We have seldom seen a more meritorious work of art. It cannot fail to recommend the
artist to an enlarged public patronage."
The authorities of Kilmarnock had made great preparations for the inauguration
of the statue, and an immense concourse of people were present on the occasion, drawn
from aU the surrounding districts. The foUowing account of the proceedings we
quote from the Glasgow Herald, chiefly on account of the excellent introductory
remarks in reference to the statue itself : —
" Friday, the 4th of August, 1848, will stand forth for the future as a bright day in the annals of
Kilmarnock. On this day the inhabitants placed, in the Market Square of their handsome burgh,
a portrait statue of Sir James Shaw, a native of Kilmarnock, and one who, born to no fortune, but
* He had the use of a full-length portrait of Sir James, in his full robes as Lord Mayor, painted
by James Tannock, Esq., of Kilmarnock, then in London, and presented to the town of Kilmarnock.
It hangs in the Town Hall there.
t Amongst the visitors may be enumerated — the late Duke of Cambridge, the Duchess of Suther
land, Lady Belhaven, Lady Dowager Countess of Glasgow, Sir John Shaw, Bart., the Earl and
Countess of Eglintoun, &c.

Plate XVIL

§hs Jlajrtw ^aio 8 a*

STATUE OF SIR JAMES SHAW. 65
in the humblest circumstances, from his own energy and perseverance, succeeded in amassing a
handsome fortune by the honourable career which commerce opens to every one who has talent and
enterprise sufficient to enter upon it with a spirit of integrity and earnestness. It is not, however,
to commemorate the life of Sir James Shaw, the rich merchant, nor the Lord Mayor of London — for
he was elevated to that high position in the British metropolis by the suffrages of the Court of Alder
men — but of Sir James Shaw the unostentatiously charitable man, the unboasting patron and
encourager of industrious poor men, and the philanthropic gentleman who did good from a love of
virtue — who succoured and cherished the indigent, because he remembered his own unpromising-
infancy ; and of Sir James Shaw, who, when no one moved to lend a helping hand to the children of
Scotland's most gifted poor man — Robert Burns — came forward in the hour of their helplessness, as
their generous patron, wise adviser, and kind protector. His successful worldly career must have
been to him a source of much gratification, seeing that it enabled him to satisfy the nobler wishes of
his humane heart, by feeding the hungry, clothing the naked, by assisting struggling industry, and
by helping those who, but for him, might have sunk into obscure and suffering indigence. His
thoughts must have been serene, for they were Christian. A monument to a man of virtue has the
effect of keeping them perpetually before the minds of the people, and tehds to make the successive
rising generations emulous of his goodness and imitators of his philanthropy. There are other
reasons why the people of Kilmarnock have cause to remember the day we have named above with
no little pleasure. The statue which was then erected in their public square is the first piece of
sculpture which the town has become possessed of ; and, besides, it is the first work of the kind which
has left the studio of Mr. Fillans. Moreover, they have become wisely the patrons and promoters of
native art. The statue, which is an excellent work, is wrought in the whitest Carrara marble; and
from the talent displayed in its execution, it would add an artistic interest to any town or city, though
pretending to far greater architectural beauty than Kilmarnock can lay claim to. This work of art
is of heroic proportions. The attitude is dignified and thoughtful. The bearing of the figure is
perfect, and exquisitely natural. Sir James is here shown with his mayoral robes and collar. His
left hand supports a fold of the furred robe, and in his right hand he holds a scroll. The head and
neckj which are finely placed, bring to mind the statue of General Sir John Moore which adorns our
George's Square, though by no means a copy of that fine work. We scrupulously regarded the statue
from all points of view, and surveyed it narrowly in all its profiles, and must congratulate the artist
on his successful achievement of this his last and greatest effort 
"We must now turn to the ceremonial business of -the day. The morning was beautiful. Every
thing went on well. Not a cloud was to be seen in the sky, and every face was beaming with delight
ful anticipation. A mustering of freemasons took place on the green of Kilmarnock, whence they
moved in procession, decked in the velvet and tinsel insignia of thejr mystic brotherhood, and at ten
o'clock the foundation stone was laid, which, as usual in such cases, was not the foundation stone,
but one far up in the structure. The strange and mysterious formula was gone over with all proper
gravity. A bottle was deposited within the cavity, containing a list of the names of the authorities
of Kilmarnock; together with those of the subscribers to the monument. There was also a copy of
an original history of the burgh, a copy of the. Kilmarnock Journal, and one of each of the coins of
her Majesty Queen Victoria. Thereafter the brotherhood retired. The last stone of the pedestal
had to be placed. From this time the square was filled by a crowd of curious onlookers. About
one o'clock, a cart bearing the statue, in the case in which it was conveyed from London, slowly
moved down Portland Street ; the crowd opened, and the fashioned marble had reached its final
goal. A temporary. crane had been erected. This simple engine speedily held the encased mass in
suspension. From this moment all was anxiety. The masonic brotherhood had again begun to
muster with their flags and music on the green, the statue swung for a few moments upright above
the pedestal ; the lower timbers of the casing were removed ; the base of the statue was exposed, and it
was placed upon the firm and solid resting-place. Mr. Fillans, en House, as the continentals would
say, set to work in good earnest, and bit by bit the rude but substantial boarding was taken away.
There was a low buzz of thousands of voices — the hum of instrumental music came nearer and
nearer ; then the regular tread of a body of men in solemn procession was heard. This was the
brotherhood of Galston, Dunlop, Netherton Holm, Irvine, Muirkirk, Stewarton, Stevenston, Kilmar-
I

66 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
nock, and last of all, the sons of the venerable mother Kilwinning. Forward they came uncovered,
and formed a linked wall of illuminated brethren round the artist and his assistants. The hour was
come — the work was finished — and at five minutes past four o'clock in the afternoon the statue was
unveiled, amid the acclamations of as large a crowd as ever met within the limits pf this prosperous
burgh. The bands struck up the old hundreth psalm, and many voices joined in its solemn cadences.
The Rev. Mr. Graham, of Wallacetown, then invoked the blessing of the Most High, in terms suited
to the time and circumstances. After this, Mr. Johnston, of Redburn, as grand-master, delivered an
appropriate address, in which he adverted to the many virtuous acts of him whom they had met to
commemorate. His was indeed a life of unwearied benevolence and friendship ; for
'  As one
Sole family of brothers, sisters, friends,
He viewed the universal human race ;
The law of love was in his heart alive ;
What he possessed he counted not his own ;
But, like a faithful steward in a house
Of public alms, what freely he received
He freely gave.'
He concluded by hoping that the life and actions of Sir James Shaw might become an example for
others to follow. Bailie Donald of Kilmarnock having made a few brief remarks, the masonic
brethren slowly marched off to their respective lodges, and the crowds began to disperse. At five
o'clock in the afternoon a large party sat down, in the George Hotel, to a sumptuous banquet."
Such is the newspaper account of the interesting proceedings. We may well ima
gine the artist's feelings — a strange and oppressive mixture of anxiety and exultation.
In a letter, written next day to Mrs. Fillans, he describes the scene thus briefly : —
" All this (the placing of the statue) was done by four o'clock. The cloth was withdrawn — the bells
were ringing — the masons forming a circle round- the statue — their bands playing. At the moment
of removing the cloth, the shouts and cheers rent the air. I trembled as if I would have fainted — left
the crowd — got a glass of brandy and water, then joined the dinner party."
And now for the dinner party. G. D. Gairdner, Esq., filled the chair ; Bailie
Dickie acting as croupier. Amongst those present were Sir John Shaw, Bart., the
heir of the late Sir James ; and Robert Burns, Esq., eldest son of the Ayrshire bard.
In the course of the evening, the health of Fillans was proposed by the Chairman,
amid loud and long-continued applause. He said he felt satisfied that he only spoke
the sense of the company and ofthe public generally, when he expressed a desire that
they should all be better acquainted with that distinguished and talented gentleman
than they had hitherto had an opportunity of being. Any encomium on the talents
of Mr. Fillans as an accomplished artist he had fortunately no occasion to pronounce.
The classically beautiful emanation of his genius which they had this day placed
among them, in a conspicuous and fitting position in their rising and important
town, sufficiently tested his eminent qualifications in that respect ; one peculiarity
connected with Mr. Fillans' execution of that noble work, however, it would be
unpardonable to omit to mention; that in the execution of that truly beautiful work
he was not stimulated by the sordid view of putting money in his pocket ; but he
was excited by a strong desire to erect a statue to the memory of so worthy a man
and one which should manifest a reflex display of the many virtues by which he was
so pre-eminently distinguished. That Mr. Fillans has been successful in the realiza
tion of such an arduous desire, was fully attested by the noble work of art he had so

STATUE OF SIR JAMES SHAW. 67
happily completed this day. They might all or any of them easily form some,
although it must be a very inadequate, idea of the anxiety of mind which the artist
must have felt at the uncovering of this his first public statue ; but none of them could
understand the feeling of well-founded delight which he must have experienced when
the mantle was removed, and his splendid work stood revealed to public admiration.
This mantle, if he might be permitted such an expression, when it fell, fell like a
crown on the head of Mr. Fillans. _ (Loud cheers.) His anxiety was then rewarded.
He was sure all would join him in drinking a bumper to his health. May he live
long to wear the laurels he has so proudly won, and may he have many opportunities
afforded him to win more. (The toast was drank amid enthusiastic plaudits.)
Mr. Fillans, on rising, was received with very warm greetings. On their subsiding,
he proceeded to say that if he had consulted merely his own wishes and ease, he would
have contented himself with simply expressing his gratitude for the kindness shown
to him ; but, taken altogether, the circumstances rendered it imperative that he should
say a few words. He trusted he would receive credit for stating that this had been
the most eventful day of his life. It had been, in truth, a day of deep anxiety to
him in many respects, and he felt almost painfully grateful to the gentlemen of the
committee, less probably on account of their kind partiality in selecting him for the
honour of executing a monument to the memory of the distinguished individual they
had met to honour, than for affording him the valuable sympathy and consideration
in its execution which he had so uniformly experienced at their hands. These gen
tlemen, said Mr. Fillans, must have -had as much anxiety and trouble in arranging
the details of this undertaking as I have had. In all the intercourse which I have
had with them, I have uniformly met with the most gentlemanly and considerate
treatment ; and they have invariably evinced the utmost desire to facilitate my plans.
These expressions of my gratitude, while generally due to all the gentlemen who
compose the committee, are peculiarly caUed for in regard to the indefatigible exer
tions of the secretaries, the treasurer, and our excellent chairman. Of the labour
undergone by these gentlemen in connection with this undertaking I am but HI qua
lified to judge ; but I feel warranted in saying for myself, I would rather make another
statue than undertake the correspondence which I know they have been necessitated
to maintain. Some discussion has arisen relative to the site occupied by the statue ;
in reference to that I may be permitted to say, the place occupied by the statue is my
choice, and in choosing it I felt that it possessed many advantages — it is the most
centrical in the town — is the place where the statue will be best seen — and being
constantly before the public eye, it is in the place where it will be best protected from
injury. Other places may undoubtedly be found where it might have been placed ;
but as this is the first erected in the town, I venture to believe that it is in the place
it should occupy ; let the other points of advantage be filled by future statues. To
the brethren of the mystic tie who have come to lend a lustre to our proceedings this
day, my thanks are peculiarly due for the honour they have conferred on the occasion.
To Mr. Moffat, of Ardrossan, for his kind and valuable aid in bringing to a termina
tion the labours of the day, I also feel myself called upon to tender my best thanks ;
I 2

68 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
and thoiigh last not least, to the operative masons who contributed their powerful and
sagacious aid in completing the structure, I have likewise to offer my warm acknow
ledgments. It has been suggested that the pedestal, for the safety of the figure,
should be surrounded by a railing. I would willingly indulge in the belief that such
a protection will not be required, but that the safe keeping of the statue will be best
attained through the good feeling and intelligence of the inhabitants of Kilmarnock.
Let the mothers instruct their children as to the propriety of defending it from injury
— let the clergy enjoin its preservation as a duty — let the schoolmasters inculcate
the safety of that statue, and say to their pupils that the boy who would throw a
stone, or raise his hand to injure the work, need never hope to be Lord Mayor of
London. (Loud and prolonged cheering followed these sentiments by Mr. Fillans.)
The inauguration of the statue elicited the foHowing lines from a local poetess of
considerable reputation : —
" Majestic statue ! genius stamps its power,
In lordly dignity and kingly grace,
Upon thy noble form and breathing face,
Revealing all the master spirit's dower,
That could so mould and picture to the sense
The princely form and mind's benevolence,
And from the rugged rock of snowy stone
Warm into life ' Kilmarnock's Whittington.'
For all who knew that generous man attest
Each lineament of likeness is expressed —
His crowning grace, benignly canonized —
By Fillans' plastic touch epitomized ;
For mercy's dew this stone with feeling fills,
And on our heart the heavenly grace distils.
The Aulic robe of floating symmetry,
Its folds of flowing grace, so full and free,
E'en silken as the rich embroidery,
And flexile as if passing winds had blown
Its frozen snow to velvet-folds from stone,
Soft as the foldings of a vestal rose —
Expressing all the ' Dancing Girl's ' * repose ;
While all Apollo's majesty is thrown,
And mild Medici's beauty, o'er this stone,
With such a Grecian elegance of air,
We never dream that ' soul is wanting there ; '
For shades of Greece and Rome around us start,
'Neath this new trophy of the power of art.
And Fillans here again has graved his name
Amid the loftiest pinnacles of fame ;
Here sermons carved in stone may many read,
And bid example urge the generous deed.
Should children ask, 'What means the stone 1 ' 'twill say
' A stone of witness, teaching charity ! —

* An exquisitely beautiful and famed piece of sculpture.'

STATUE OF SIR JAMES SHAW. 69
As I have done let others likewise do,
And goodness may embalm their memory too.'
Strip of reward all those who grudge the meed
That thus would canonize a virtuous deed,
For, O benevolence, we owe to thee,
All that we are in heart like Deity ! "
Kilmarnock, August 4, 1848. M. Paul Aird.
The statue also provoked the muse of Andrew Park, who emodied the leading
points of Sir James Shaw's character in a baUad : —
" On a lovely autumn evening,
As I walked Kilmarnock through,
v There a noble marble statue,
Like a spirit met my view.
Round his form soft robes were flowing,
In his hand he held a scroll,
And he seemed to look and listen
As the Low Church bell did toll.
" Not a window pane was beaming,
Not a creature on the tramp,
Save a little lone policeman,
Half asleep beside his lamp.
While he leant on the pedestal,
With his little lamp below,
Only points of bold projection
Caught the croozie's lurid glow.
" Rousing up the small policeman,
Thus unto the man I said —
Who is this you've got in marble,
By what sculptor was it made ?
First he gaz'd on me with wonder,
Then he gaz'd upon his light,
Which, with smoke was almost smothered,
For the lid was rather tight.
"Ah ! he said, he was a man, sir,
Great in glory and renown ;
He belonged unto Kilmarnock, '
But was mayor of London town.
He was poor when first he left us,
But became a wealthy knight,
And was mighty in his bounty,
And was manly and upright.
" Many gentlemen among us
Owe their greatness now to him ;
Widows, too, and helpless orphans,
When their grief ran to the brim.
He protected and supported —
Tired he ne'er of doing good — ¦
For he clothed the poor and naked,
And he gave the hungry food.

70 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
" 'Tis but five years since he died, sir,
And a number have combined
To immortalize his worth, sir,
And his charitable mind.
This was only raised last week,
Fillans is the sculptor's name ;
Never was a grander statue
Raised unto a man of fame.
" Thank you kindly, small policeman,
Well his history you have told ;
For thy frankness and discretion,
Take this little piece of gold.
If the world would value goodness
Like this mighty man and thee,
Soon our wars would turn to friendship,
And our land be doubly free."
After the inauguration of the Shaw statue, Fillans, accompanied by his friend Mr.
A. Park, proceeded on a brief tour amongst his friends. Writing from Glasgow, on
the 12th August, 1848, he mentions that, on the Wednesday previous, they dined
with the late James Dobie, Esq., of Crummock House, Beith, where they met a large
party, including a German lady ; and, the same evening, took toddy " with the good
old man," Dr. Houston. Next day, saw Mrs. Wilson and her brothers ; after which
proceeded, along with one of the Messrs. Wilson and Mr. Park, to Caldwell House.
On the way, " visited a very curious old man, who had many curious old swords and
other things. I offered to buy, but he would not sell." Saw Colonel Mure, who
walked with them for half-an-hour, and had a glass of wine. From thence to Neil-
ston, to visit the Messrs. Cochrane. To his dehght he found that Mr. M. Coch
rane had just arrived from the north, and spent a couple of hours very pleasantly.
From thence to Paisley, and on to Glasgow the same evening.

INAUGURATION OF THE BUST OF PROFESSOR WILSON.
This was a busy and exciting season with Mr. Fillans. The Shaw demonstration
over, he had immediately to prepare for the placing of the bust of Professor Wilson
in the Coffee-room of Paisley. This was done publicly, on the 26th of the same
month (August). Sheriff Campbell presided on the occasion, and delivered a very
excellent address. The Renfrewshire Advertiser says, the bust
"Was raised to its place in the niche about one o'clock, covered with a beautiful fancy tartan plaid
from the establishment of Mr. John Macarthur. In about half-an-hour thereafter, it was uncovered
in the presence of a large assemblage of gentlemen, comprising the committee, the subscribers, and
their friends. The bust, which is considered the most striking likeness possible of the renowned
Christopher North, is indeed a masterpiece of art, and reflects the highest credit on Mr. Fillans. On
this occasion its appearance was considered even more admirable than before, by parties who had

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BUST OF PROFESSOR WILSON. 7]
formerly an opportunity of examining its merits. The niche prepared for its reception was declared
all that could be desired, as regards position, size, &c, and the noble features so nobly chiselled, looked
like life itself. The bust was executed some time ago by Mr. Fillans for a number of gentlemen
connected with Paisley, who have thus been the means of raising in turn not only a monument to ¦
Professor "Wilson, but, as Sheriff Campbell very well remarked, a monument to the genius of the
artist. It will long be prized by the community of Paisley as a faithful likeness of their gifted towns
man, and as a memorial of the high genius of Mr. Fillans. Within these two weeks the artist has
inaugurated two works which must preserve his name in undying honour, the bust of Professor Wil
son, and the statue of Sir James Shaw."
After the ceremony was over, the party retired to a refreshment in the Saracen's
Head Inn, where, after the health of Professor Wilson, that of Mr. Fillans was pro
posed, in the most flattering manner, by Sheriff CampbeU.
The press was unanimous, as weH it might, in laudation of the Professor's bust ;
and the muse was not without its offering. We need hardly apologize for preserv
ing such stray waifs of Parnassus, as they show, in fact, more than prose can, the
state of public feeling in reference to these works of art at the time. The first is by
John Mitchell :— " Scotland's hills and Scotland's vales,
Scotland's health-inspiring gales,
On which freedom proudly sails,
Sweetest bards have sung.
" Scott, and Burns, and Tannahill,
Drew from nature's mystic rill,
Strains that1 make our bosom thrill,
Strains that ne'er will die.
" Cold in death their forms may lie;
But while light illumes yon sky,
Fame will time and tide defy,
To obscure their names.
''¦ Nor has Scotland's glories fled ;
Wilson lives her vales to tread ;*
On whose brow the wreaths are spread
That will ne'er decay.
" Fillans' hand may grave on stone
The head that genius calls her own,
But where Wilson's name is known,
Wilson's bust will be.
" In his ' Lights and Shades ' are seen
Scotland's hopes and fears convene ;
From his ' Noctes ' nations glean
Wit, and fun, and fire.
" Then let us, with loud acclaim,
Hail with pride his laurelled name,
On whose brow's been writ by fame,
Paisley's noblest son.

* Professor Wilson died on Monday, 1st May, 1854.

MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
" And though proud Edina may
Win him from our arms away,
In our hearts we will for aye
Wear — Christopher North."

The next is a sonnet, by Andrew Park :-

" How like a lion, in quiescent might,
The noble-soul'd ' Old Christopher ' appears
The mental glory of internal light
Smiles beautiful amid his ripening years.
No petty meanness, no flesh-shapen fears,
O'ercast the noble firmness of his face ;
His brow a dome of thought majestic rears
His eye a thousand fancies seems to trace ;
His flowing locks swim o'er a neck of grace,
And all the aspect of his form is power —
A manliness that time cannot displace,
Free and unbending as in youth's gay hour.
The heathens had their gods ; so, Scotland, thou
May'st trace as proud a form in living Wilson, now ! "

DINNER IN HONOUR OF FILLANS AT BURNS' COTTAGE.
Another scene of honour awaited Fillans, his friends and admirers in Ayr and the
vicinity having invited him to a public dinner, in Burns' Cottage, on the 1st Sep
tember. Enthusiastic in his admiration of the Bard of Coila, this must have been a
gratifying occasion for the artist. At four o'clock, a large party sat down to dinner —
John Paul, Esq., in the chair ; Bailie Bone, croupier. The health of Mr. Fillans was
proposed by the chairman, in a speech which is worthy of being preserved. He said :
" We have met here to-day to honour worth and talent, and surely the birthplace of
our poet is a most fitting place to do honour to a kindred spirit. In doing so, we
also, in so far as in us lies, honour that beautiful science in which our distinguished
friend excels — that sublime art which transfers our likenesses into enduring marble,
and, as it were, renders us to a certain degree immortal. In alluding to sculpture, a
wide field is open to comment. Its different schools and styles in various parts of
the world, and the illustrious names who have earned for themselves a deathless
fame by the sublime productions of their hands — all might be alluded to ; but even
if I were qualified to do the subject justice, it might be out of place here to dwell
upon it at much length, and therefore I shall only remark, that although sculpture —
rude and unpolished no doubt in many instances — has existed since the earliest periods
of the world, yet, like its sister art, painting, it has never been brought to perfection
except in the most civilized nations. In short, the more civiHzed the people, the
finest specimens of painting and sculpture have been produced — a decided proof of
the delicacy and refinement of these arts. In illustration of this I might refer to the
beautiful and graceful statues of antiquity, produced when Greece and other ancient

DINNER TO FILLANS AT BURNS' COTTAGE. 73
nations were in the zenith of their glory ; and even in our own country allusion
might be made to the beautiful chisellings of Flaxman, Chantrey, and Westmacott,
and to those of our talented friend, Fillans, as compared with the rude figures pro
duced at an early period of the history of England. It is, however, remarkable, that
although Scotland has produced statesmen, warriors, and painters, and others famous
in her history, she has done little to advance the cause of sculpture ; and our friend,
Mr. FiHans, if not the first, is amongst the first of our countrymen who have excelled
in the art. By unwearied industry, joined to an excellent taste, he has been eminently
successful ; and while he honours us with his company to-day, we are bound to con
gratulate him most cordially upon his great success in the various works of art he has
produced. His exceUent and beautiful representations of the late Mr. Oswald and
Sir James Shaw, and the bust of that great philosopher and scholar, Professor
Wilson, competent judges have declared to be more than sufficient to entitle him to
be ranked amongst the best sculptors of the present day. Having thus been success
ful in early life, it is reasonable to expect that he wiU add to his fame by future pro
ductions, and, by so doing, confer more honour on his native country and on himself
We rejoice to have this opportunity of testifying our admiration of his talents, and of
dedicating a bumper to the health of Mr. Fillans."
Mr. Fillans made a felicitous reply. "He assured the company that he felt great
pleasure, if not pride, in having the present opportunity of meeting such a concourse
of his fellow-countrymen in such a classic and revered spot as that on which Burns
first drew the breath of existence, and where he received that inspiration of melody
which shall emblazon his name to future ages. With respect tp the object of the
meeting, he could take no credit to himself for what he had accomplished in his pro
fession. They were, on the contrary, to attribute everything which emanated from
his chisel, as weU as those of his contemporaries, to that power which ruled the des
tinies of every art — that genius who presided over the creations of ApeUes, Titian,
and Rembrandt, as weU as those of Praxiteles and of Canova — a genius but for whom
history would have been composed of as many fragments as the time-honoured cities
of the plain— he meant the genius of sculpture. Art in every age accomplished its
own work — as much in the present as the past. Though they found that the Romans
plundered Greece of its innumerable statues, marble and brass, a spirit of refinement
sprang up among the Latins, which communicated an elevating character to the other
nations of Europe. The genius of sculpture unfolded her banners, the veil of ignor
ance feU from the eyes of the nations, and the art came gradually forth with glory
and splendour. Greece and Italy, therefore, became the cradle of art and science, as
they did of literature and jurisprudence. Sculpture, they were sensible, transmitted
to distant ages the most durable records of the actions of man ; it was, like its sister
art, painting, as their chairman had so eloquently expressed, a gratification not only
for the eye, but for the intellect. There were the statues of Apollo, of Diana, Mer
cury, and Juno, rescued from the wreck of Ephesus, showing that the genius of
sculpture had her high abiding-place amidst the temples ofthe gods. But why revert
to these things ? He need not allude to the palace of Persepolis — the tombs of the
K

74 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
Persian sovereigns — to the styles of Phidias and of Praxiteles, their simplicity and
grandeur of conception and design — celebrated by historians and poets — by Aurelius
and Lucius Verus — and the merits of the different modern schools of Europe, to
convince his audience that he stood before them a humble devotee and follower
of those imperishable and gifted men. He was happy to find that, with the progress
of the fine arts in this country, sculpture was not neglected; and that, so long
as the taste for works of art increased, their country would not be tardy in pro
ducing worthy craftsmen. Mr. FiHans concluded by assuring the company that the
proud recollection of that evening would never be effaced from his memory, and that
he esteemed that respectable assemblage as an incentive to farther exertions in the
distinctive walk of his profession."
The day following the dinner Fillans spent, along with Mr. Andrew Park and one
or two friends, in ruminating on the banks of the Doon. For him the scenery had
altogether a witching influence.
In reference to the dinner at Alloway, Fillans, in a letter of August 26, 1848,

"I dine with a few friends in Ayr on Friday first, and will be greatly disappointed if they do not,
as they have promised, procure for me a commission for a colossal statue of Wallace, to be placed in
Ayr." Such a thing was talked of, but it never went further.
In his next Fillans continues a narrative of his proceedings, somewhat in the style
of a journal : —
" Hamilton, September 18, 1848. — After writing you last, I took boat for Dalmuir, then walked to
Mr. Dunn's. Next morning, in place of going to church, I walked to Dumbarton — six miles — and
was two hours locked up with Mr. D  . He is in rather better spirits, aud expects to get out soon.
 I have been busy finishing Mrs. Hutchison's bust, and I am now done with the
sittings, but will require two days or so to finish it up. I have also finished Mr. M'Lean's bust. On
Wednesday I dined with a Mr. Campbell,* a few miles beyond Johnstone. He is married to Miss
Lang, a daughter of Gavin Lang, my old friend. She was but a child when you and I were first
acquaint. He was happy to see me, and presented me with a goblet which was her father's, as a
memento of him. It will hold fully a bottle of wine. That night I slept at Bowfield, two miles
distant. At Mr. Campbell's brother's, next morning, they engaged me to make two busts when I
return. . . . Mr. and Mrs. Hutchison have been very kind. ... I left for Hamilton to see
my friend Gairdner — expecting to write you from this that evening, but found that I was too late
for the mail. Gairdner I did not see till yesterday morning, he being at the railway station till
12 p.m., waiting for the arrival of his mistress, the Duchess of Hamilton. I went to church in the
forenoon — read the destruction of Jerusalem in the afternoon — dined with Mr. G. — then walked five
miles. Had two glasses of toddy — went to bed and slept soundly. Seeing that I am so near Wishaw
House, I will to-day call on Lady Belhaven, then return to Glasgow, finish my bust, then go one day
to Edinburgh to see Blackwood about the bust of Professor Wilson,+ then for London some day next
week." * Thomas Campbell, Esq., Justice of Peace, Procurator Fiscal at Paisley.
t The Messrs. Blackwood were exceedingly attentive to Mr. Fillans.

VISIT OF THE QUEEN. 75

VISIT OF THE QUEEN.
Fillans was in London when he heard of the Queen's intention to visit Glasgow on
her way to Balmoral in August, 1848. Anxious that the city which had so fostered
his genius should make a proper display on the occasion, and understanding that
there was to be an illumination, he immediately set about devising an appropriate
artistic contribution. This he produced in the shape of a transparency of the Temple
of Athena, which was duly forwarded to the authorities. No iUumination took place,
however, and it lay over until his return to Glasgow the following year.
While engaged, in this painting he had occasion to use a scaffold, and in ascending
it upon one occasion he sprained his knee ; an accident which occasioned him much
suffering for some time. On recovering so far as to be able to go abroad, he paid a
visit to his old friend and patron, Mr. Walkinshaw, of Old Park, Isle of Wight. In
a letter, dated September 3, 1849, he has preserved a rather minute account of his
journey. "On leaving Baker Street, I soon arrived at Mr. Henderson's lodgings ; had half-an-hour's conver
sation with him, which was so far satisfactory. I am to correspond with him on my return to town.
Robert and the Messrs. M'Dougald may, if they manage well, become extensive marble merchants
yet. "Left by half-past ten train for Gosport, which is a small place on the opposite side of the river
from Portsmouth. Omnibus, but a short way to the boat, Qd., and 6d. for luggage. There is a short
wooden pier here, for entering on which each person pays 2d., and 2d. for each parcel ; then 3d. for
each parcel put on board. The sail across the Ryde Is. Qd. for half-an-hour's tossing about in a small
steamer -. then the annoyance of another wooden pier-dues, as at Gosport.
" The coach to Yentnor being full, out and in, I had to take a place on the top of the luggage, or
stay till Monday. I mounted, and was the highest of all the party — a sort of triumph, holding on to
a strap that secured the luggage, with my left hand, and my right supported by my gaucie stick.
The position was rather an envious one, as I could from thence see the country better than any of
the party. The country is undulating, not over-fertile ; roads extremely narrow ; hedges high as the
top of the coach, so that if it had capsized we could not have fallen far. Roads narrow, did I say 2
Yes, so much so, that when we met with any carriage, they or we had to stand still till we passed each
other !
" Got to Yentnor about 7 p.m. Ventnor is a picturesque place; no plan of arranging its buildings,
so that they stand at all angles and points of the compass, and are as varied in elevation as the
nature of the locality will permit. It contains several hotels, two print, book, paper, and paint shops,
&c. Here Mr. Walkinshaw's coachman was waiting for me with a neat four-wheeled, double-seated,
one-horse carriage. Darkness came, on, but this was greatly relieved by repeated flashes of lightning,
which cheered me on as we passed along at the base of the high cliffs. On arriving at Old Park, all
the family saluted me from- thedrawing-room window. Mrs. Walkinshaw was the first to meet me
at the entrance with a warm welcome to Old Park. Shortly after supper (then ready), which I
washed down with a glass of brandy and hot, the family retired to bed. I sat up till twelve. Out
next morning by seven.' Heard the gong about eight. Went direct to the breakfast-room, where I
found the whole household on their knees — Mrs. Walkinshaw chaplain, and the two Misses Walkin
shaw responsers."  [Part of letter wanting]. " Now, within two minutes walk, you
see,, we have the sea dashing on the rocks, fifty feet below where we stand, rather a dangerous place
for puppies and children, but no mishaps occur. The coast-guard walk along this cliff at night on
the look-out for smugglers. Turn to the right, and you have a run for miles along the shore. At
the extreme point is a lighthouse, erected a few years ago. That range of cliffs, at the back of Old
K2

76 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
Park, and extending four miles, are several hundred feet above the level of the sea, how many I know
not. They look like a fillet of striped ribbon binding the brow of the island, here and there deco
rated with garlands of heath and evergreens. Next house to this, amongst these ancient trees, is the
residence of a Mrs. Arnold, aged ninety-eight, formerly of Ashby. It is an ancient house ; the ceiling
is not more than seven feet high. There are a number of curious pictures in it : one fine head by Sir
Joshua Reynolds : colour much faded.
" As time for post is at hand, I must curtail, and return to the house. You have not seen it yet,
neither can I describe it farther than -that it is a substantial, convenient, and commodious house,
sheltered from east and north winds." 
In another letter Fillans describes the manner in which he amused himself while
rusticating in the Isle of Wight : — , " Old Park, Isle of Wight, Sept. 9, 1849.
" In my last I promised to give you some account of how the time passes with me here. I neglected -
to mention that the country from London to Portsmouth is flat, poor, and badly cultivated. No place
did I see where we could live for a week without being caught by the jaundice at a country life.
Having, as I formerly stated, arrived at Old Park on Saturday, being lame, it was not considered
incumbent on me to attend church on Sunday ; so, while the whole family here were worshipping
God in a house made with hands, I adored him in his own temple, within whose walls there are
myriads of worlds, defended from the militating attacks of the arch-fiend by the impregnable roof
of heaven itself.
" Monday, after dinner, i.e., one o'clock, Mr. A. Young and I had a drive to Yentnor, where I pro
cured paint and oil for the bass-relief of Cupid and Psyche ; returned ; oiled it ; joined the family in
drawing-room ; supped ; toddied ; went to bed by twelve. Rose next morning by seven. Strolled
about the grounds till one. Mrs. W. drove me about three miles round the coast, accompanied by
Mr. R. Young. She is a good whip, and has an acute eye for the picturesque. We here passed the
house of the late daughter of Mrs. Arnold. You may recollect seeing this lady, along with her husband,
in Baker Street a few years ago. She departed this life about a month ago, leaving, amongst other
children, a baby but a few weeks old. She was a person of great influence here, and had she been
alive, Mrs. W. thinks she would have been of much service to me. When Mr. Walkinshaw arrives,
we are to call on the widower.
" Mr. Young is anxious that I should make a drawing of the house, ground, trees, rocks, &c, in
and about Old Park. Many points of sight have been pointed out to me, and paint-boxes proffered.
I have no enthusiasm for landscapes, and though I have made several attempts, there has yet been
nothing done worth presenting to Mrs. W.
" I have commenced a drawing in chalk of the two Misses Walkinshaw. One, Helen, is mounted
on a sheltie pony, and Miss Jean by her side with a checked plaid about her. At dinner I suggested
to the two young men, Young, the method of making a kite in form of an angel. The idea has been
warmly entertained, and operations have been commenced ; but I find they are not good mechanics. I
have had to assist them. The kite is seven feet in length — now finished, even to the painting. Her
cheeks are rosy, arms crossed over her heart amid rays of prismatic hue. She has been exhibited in
the drawing-room, to the great amusement of all present.
" Thursday Morning. — Again resumed my drawing of the children, and prepared to put Mr.
Walkinshaw along with them. Mrs. Y. requests to be introduced, then the two sons — O, and a pair
of the dogs ! This has altered the face of things. I have to commence anew on a larger piece of
paper, and have preserved a place for Mr. W.
" Twelve o'clock — wind high. — We tried the kite. She went up like a rocket, sat like a great
eagle about to pounce on her prey. But, alas, frail woman ! the storm was too much for her. Her
back-bone broke, and down she came, seemingly deeply afflicted. When we arrived breathless at the
spot where she lay, we might have thought, from her ghastly look, that she could never have again
risen in this world ; but we were agreeably disappointed, for a splice made all right. Up she went
again. Though she appeared calm, it was as much as one man could do to hold her. Here the cord
broke, and away she went over several fields. The lady broke her neck and several ribs. Mr. Y was

SYMPTOMS OF GLOOM. 77
enthusiastic about the kite. Mrs. W., despairing of our success, hinted that we had better leave it
till Mr. W. arrived, which was tq be this evening. He would tell us what she, the angel, wanted to
keep her aloft. I, having my drawing to attend to, set Mr. Y. to the remodelling of the angel,
assisting him occasionally. Recommended cloth in place of paper. Mrs. Y. sewed it together, and
by the evening they had her high in mid-air, and she has been much admired by all who have
seen her. That same afternoon, Mrs. W. insisted that I should accompany her four miles across the
country to meet Mr. W. I did so. It was a pleasant drive through Yentnor as far as Gadshill.
. . . . Mr. W. arrived in a few minutes after. We returned by six. Dinner that day was to be
at seven. There was a party of five or six strangers present, it being the anniversary of Mr. and
Mrs. Walkinshaw's marriage. ....
" Next morning I was all impatience to be introduced to the gentry on the island, but the host did
not make his appearance till past three o'clock. They drove out while I was busy with my crayons.
Made a few calls, and returned in for dinner at seven.
" Saturday (to-day) being appointed for my visiting in the neighbourhood, we drove out by eleven
o'clock. The first place we called at there was a party most anxious to see me. For what, do you
think ? Why, to tell a lady how to prevent clay from cracking, for she had commenced modelling,
but the clay always cracked with her ! The next place wasthe house of the widower mentioned in
the beginning of this letter. Saw some indifferent pictures there, and four children. The gent, was
out calling on his mother-in-law. From this we returned, to be in time for lunch. Met the widower
on our way. He was the most melancholy-looking person I ever saw 
" My knee has greatly improved. I walk on level ground freely enough with a staff. My general
health is much improved. Feel as if I would grow fat if I were to reside here. I don't think I
need write you again before leaving," &c.
FHlans was greatly benefited by the fresh air and kind treatment he experienced
at the Isle of Wight. While there, as he mentions in his letter, he made a chalk
sketch of the Walkinshaw family, a picture in which he felt much interest, as con
taining the portraits of his early and warm friends. When leaving he found his
finances too low to attempt rewarding pecuniarily the various domestics of the esta
blishment, from whom he had experienced much civility, so, calling them to his apart
ment, one after the other, from the cook to the lady's-maid, he sketched to each her
portrait, which pleased infinitely more than if he had given them 5s. or 10s. a-piece.
What with his sojourn at the Isle of Wight and otherwise, Fillans remained in
England nearly a whole year at this time. October 2, 1849, we find him writing
from Liverpool, where he had arrived at Mr. M'lver's on his way to Scotland. " On
Sunday last," he says, "I went to church with- Mr. and Mrs. M'lver. It being the
sacrament day, we were not detained long, but I learned something — an anecdote
from the pulpit. A rev. gentleman in Fife was catechizing a woman as to her fitness -
to partake of the sacrament. To aU of his numerous questions she gave no reply.
Conceiving that she was not in a proper state to sit at the table, he declined giving
her a ticket of admission. She left the house, but in a few minutes returned, and,
with tears in her eyes and faltering voice, said, ' Though I canna speak for Jesus, I
could dee for him !' This expression of faith, worthy of a true apostle, was rewarded
by a passport to the sacrament." After dinner with Mr. M'lver's family he went
home, satisfied with his day's entertainment; "the pleasantest Sabbath that I have
spent for a long time." Mr. Fillans had brought the bust of Mr. M'lver with him.
In a postscript he adds : — " A sturdy old Scotch gentleman whom I met to-day, hav
ing been a short time before on the wrong side of an argument about the French

78 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
Republic, exclaimed, ' I grant you they are doing unco weel ; but they hae nae reli
gion aboot them — damn them!' "
November 3, 1849, he writes from Glasgow, referring to sundry matters of
business ; leaves in half-an-hour for Mr. Walkinshaw's, where he remains till
Monday.

FORESHADOWINGS-SUNSHINE AND GLOOM.
We have already remarked that the expense of Fillans' London establishment — ¦
maintained chiefly for the sake of a metropoHtan name — and the heavy outlay to
which it subjected him otherwise, had a serious effect upon his circumstances, and
consequently upon his mind A lull in his profession, too, deepened the feeling ;
and the strong buoyancy of hope which had hitherto sustained him, began to waver
in. its support. Dunbar has beautifully depictured the changes of life : —
" I seike about this warld unstable,
To find a sentence convenable ;
Bot I can not, in all my witt,
Sa trew a sentence find of it,
As to say it is dissavable.
" For, yistirday, I did declair
How that the sasoun saft and fair
Came in als fresche as pacok feddir :
This day it stangis lyk ane eddir ;
Concluding all in my contrair.
" Yistirday fair sprang the flouris ;
This day thai ar all slane with shouris :
And fouls, in forest that sang cleir,
Now walkis with ane drerie cheir ;
Full cauld ar bayth their beds and bouris.
" So next to symmer wynter bein :
Next eftir comfort cairis kein:
Nixt eftir midnycht the mirthful morrow :
Nixt joy ay cummis eftir sorrow.
So is this warld, and ay has bein."
While in Scotland, FiHans continued to have considerable attention paid him by
the numerous friends and patrons in the better walks of life, whom his professional
reputation had brought around him ; and, when leisure permitted, he was always a
welcome, if not a specially invited guest at their table. Writing from Paisley, on the
7th November, 1849, he states that he had spent the previous Sabbath at Walking-
shaw house ; and he gives a delightful picture of the manner in which Mrs. Walking-
shaw devoted a portion of the day to the moral and religious instruction of her
family. He passed the night there, and " had a bedroom and bed befitting one of the
highest genius." Notwithstanding, he could not sleep weU ; and when " the morning

' FORESHADOWINGS— SUNSHINE AND GLOOM. 79
gong roused him from his lethargy," he describes his feelings as of the gloomiest
description : — " O God ! my swelling heart will break,
Reality I taste no more,
Save poverty and sad neglect ;
Lord grant me hope as heretofore."
Hope again appeared, he says — the gong sounded again — and he went to breakfast.
That day he spent in a sort of tour, partly of pleasure and' partly on business.
Walked across the country to visit the Rev. Dr. Lockhart ; met him on his way to
Paisley. The Doctor asked Fillans to dine with him on Tuesday, and meet some
English gentlemen. Took steamer at Renfrew ; went to Dumbarton; saw Humphrey
Campbell, Esq., late Sheriff there, who insisted that he would, " like an honest
Christian, stay and dine with him." Meanwhile called at Levenvale ; from thence
went to see Mrs. Dr. Buchanan, in reference to a proposed bust. Time being up
for dinner, Dr. Buchanan and he walked over to the Sheriff's, where he spent a
pleasant evening. Here he so far recovered his wonted firmness, that he says, " I find
that, with people of intelligence, it is the easiest matter in the world to be cheerful."
Writing from Beith, 8th November, 1849, Fillans resumes his journal : —
" Yesterday being Wednesday, I thought tinie would be lost in visiting Glasgow, therefore I turned
towards the west.- . . . When dining with Sheriff Campbell, we had, as I formerly stated, a
cheerful night. On my describing the beauty of the diamonds which were to be had in handfuls on
the south coast of the Isle of Wight, Dr. B. inquired of what degree of purity were they ? ' What
degree of purity 1 ' said I, ' they are as pure as the tears of innocence ! ' On the Rev. Mr. M'Naughton
stating to Mr. Gibson that the Rev. ' Dr. Lockhart, of Inchinnan, did not at all look like a clergyman,'
' True,' said Mr. Gibson, ' he looks like a gentleman ! ' "
Mr. Fillans went to Beith ; saw Dr. Houston and family. The doctor joined him
in going west to Ardrossan. On stepping into the train, " found Mr. Chapman, of
Thomson, Chapman & M'Connal.. We chatted briskly. Mr. Chapman said that, when
convenient for me, he would give me a job at his head !" Met a small party in the
evening at Dr. Houston's. Next day he went to Irvine, Ayr, and returned to
Beith in the evening.
Glasgow, November 10, 1849. — Arrived in Glasgow the day previous ; learned
that there was to be an equestrian statue of the Queen : —
" Called on Mr. Scott — as kind as ever — gave me a letter of introduction to the Lord Provost, Sir
James Anderson. He is a cheerful, affable man, the cream of pleasantry. I told him that it was my
desire while here to see the transparency put up somewhere that it might be seen. He expressed him
self very desirous to aid me."
Fillans was referred to Dr. Strang, and latterly to the keeper of the City Hall,
where the transparency was placed, and now remains. In the evening, Fillans dined
and slept at Mr. Hill's. Next day went to Paisley.
"Lonejtd, Paisley, November 11, 1849. — At the table of Mr. R. I met his brother, who, it would
appear, dines with him at least once a-week. 0 how delightful it is to see brethren dwell in unity
Impress this upon the minds of our boys and their sister."

80 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
In this letter Fillans expresses himseH as much concerned about the placing of
Athena in the City Hall : —
" I feel as much interested," he says, " about the position which fortune may turn up for Athena
to-morrow, as I did for that of the inauguration of Sir James Shaw  Met Mr. Ker
yesterday. He is greatly pleased with my bust of the late Mr. Johnstone."
Paisley, November 12, 1849. — Intended to have gone to Shandon the day before,
but was too late. Bent his way again to Paisley. He and Mr. Rodger dined with
Mr. Dunn. " His (Mr. Dunn's) library is the best in Renfrewshire ; was a source of
great delight to Mr. R. and me during the interval of the evening's entertainment."
Slept at Mr. R.'s. Next day (Sunday) so wet that he could not go to Duntocher.*
Next letter we find dated —
"Liverpool, November 19, 1849. — . . . .". Being greatly disappointed in not meeting with the :
smallest success here, which I expected, I have been in bad spirits  In half-an-hour I
eave by the Admiral for Glasgow."
He had no doubt, however, that his visit to Liverpool might turn out advantageous
afterwards. From Paisley, on the 21st November, 1849, he writes in better spirits : —
" I was delighte.4 with the letter which Hector wrote me. . . . There is plenty of room for
holding a Sunday-school- at home. Let her brothers be the pupils, she the monitor, and you the
governess, and there may be much good done; but I do not approve of either she or the others going
out under such pretexts as Sunday-schools and evening sermons."
The reason of his good spirits appears obvious. He was enabled to remit £70. After
having been kindly entertained by Mr. Auld on Sunday, he was invited to dinner by
Mr. Peter Coats on Monday, and there met with Mr. George and Mr. Thomas. Next
day, he says —
" I met Messrs. T. and P. Coats, and they paid me my full account, leaving the old bill against
me to lie over. This they insisted on. God bless their basket and their store."
We shall not attempt to trace Fillans very closely throughout his visits at this
period. He seems to have had httle employment, and endeavoui'ed to pass the time
as pleasantly as he could, at the same time in hopes that business might turn up
His friends were exceedingly kind, and he repeatedly mentions the receipt of presents
for the family. Writing from Glasgow, 22d November, 1849, he says —
" Yesterday, on returning by rail from Paisley, I met a gentleman, who recognized me, and appeared
quite familiar. He is one of the leaders of the Wilson * monument. They have nearly £140, but
expect to raise about .£300. He is friendly towards me. I expect to be commissioned to execute
the work."
FiHans left, as intended, by the Caledonian Railway. Next day visited the iron
works of Coltness, along with Mr.Houldsworth. " They (Mr. Houldsworth's family)
pressed me to stay that evening with them, but I could not ; therefore, dinner was
* The ornithologist.

PI 3 te XIX

Aus TDLuui, StmJp?

I>axmirfWILshraa.'ESMaB .

.flame Ofttth xi£ JjxIrtbaKr^raidUK (fesif:

FORESHADOWINGS— SUNSHINE AND GLOOM. 81
provided for me about two o'clock." He, however, only got the length of Lanark
that evening. In his next letter —
"Glasgow, November 26, 1849.— To-day I had a chat with W. Campbell, of TiUichewan. He is
as kind as ever. I am to see Mr. M'Lellan to-day, to receive the money and a beef-steak.* To-morrow
I go to Hamilton."
In a letter, dated " Edinburgh, 30th November, 1849," he says he had been at
Lanark the night previous, and had a view of the statue of Wallace by moonlight.
There was about this period an attempt made to get up a subscription for a national
monument to the hero of Scotland, which accounts for his visit to Lanark. When in
the contemplation of any work of art, FHlans omitted no opportunity of preparing
himself by all the aids he could think of. While passing half-an-hour at the inn,
waiting for the train, his ears were greeted by the sound of music ; and inquiring .
into the occasion of it, he learned that Mr. Lockhart of Lee, M.P.;;had that day been
installed grand-master of the masonic body in Scotland, and the local lodge at Lanark
were celebrating the event.
"Being a mason," says Fillans, "and having a few minutes to spare, I presented myself, and was
admitted. I found Mr. Lockhart, brother of the Rev. Dr. Lockhart, of Inchinnan, in the chair, Mr.
Smollet, M P. for Dumbarton, and several gentlemen from Edinburgh. I was warmly greeted. Soon
after, Dr. Gray proposed my mother-lodge in a very flattering manner, and introduced me as one at
the head of my profession. I was taken quite aback, but proceeded at once to reply. As you are
always anxious to know how I acquit myself on such occasions, I shall outline what I said. I told
them in a few words the reason of my unexpected visit — letting them know that I had been at Lanark
for the purpose of looking on the statue of Wallace, which I had not seen since I was twelve years of
age. They might think me out of order in mentioning the name of Wallace in a masonic lodge, but
I begged to remind them that Wallace was no ordinary mason ; he was one in soul ! He loved his
country and humanity. Physically he was an operative mason, for few could hew like him ; and he
was an architect too, for he raised a structure of independence, which was the glory of Scotia's sons,
and the admiration and envy of the world. I then likened mother Kilwinning to Wallace — she
having fought single-handed for masonry, when the people were barbarous, &c. By this time the
train was passed. I remained all night. After the meeting broke np, tw;o of the bailies visited me,
and had a chat for half-an-hour." j • *
In Edinburgh, where Mr. Fillans arrived next day, he was kindly received by
various parties ; amongst others, the Messrs. Blackwood, who ordered fifty copies of
Professor Wilson's bust ; and by the Professor himself, who invited the artist to dine
with him, which honour, however, circumstances compelled him to decline.
FiHans left that same day for Bathgate, where, as already stated, his father's rela
tions chiefly reside, and where he intended to make certain inquiries in reference to
a sum of no less than £30,000, which was alleged to belong to his mother, but
respecting which considerable mystery prevailed.
We may as well give the artist's " first impressions " of Bathgate. He says —
* His early friend, Mr. M'Lellan, had an interesting relative, to whom he gave his own name, and
whose bust he employed Fillans to execute in marble. The artist was eminently successful in this
commission. For beauty of expression, and exquisite finish, it is excelled by none of his works.
Fillans has noted a festive meeting in Mr. M'Lellan's mansion at the placing of this fine productions
L

82

MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.

" Bathgate, December 1, 1849. — The people here are very primitive — few direct answers are given
to any question  Last night I met the Provost of Bathgate. He was well acquainted
with my father, and professed, in a warm manner, that he would willingly go thirty miles on foot to
see him ! He is younger, though, than my .father by fifteen years. To-day (Sunday) I went to
church with Mr. Meikleham [teacher*]. Heard a good sermon — learned nought, but that the kirk
was cold. Was afterwards introduced to the clergyman, a worthy and zealous pastor. Remarked to
him that if his discourse had not been warmer than the kirk, I should have left before the end of the,
service. . . . [Some notices of the Academy]. . . . Visited the house and birthplace of my
father. The house is not what it was. The twenty feet hedge of the garden has been cut short —
knee high. The place is seen where his [grandfather's ?] gay daughters used to skip. They too, like
the flowers of that garden, are now mingled with the earth. Johnston said he was a young child
when James Fillans died. He held the old man's head up. Around his bed was his wife (Nanse
Thomson), my father, another son (William), and all his daughters. ' Wife, come near,' said the dying
man. Nanse Thomson drew near. ' Now, Nanse, I die in the presence pf all the children I ever had ! '
Nanse fainted. He died. She survived him three years."
This visit must have been peculiarly interesting to Mr. Fillans. Much he no doubt
experienced to exeitehis keen feelings. He devoted the following two days to genea
logical matters, with the view of making out the propinquity of his mother to the
donor or donors of the large fortune for whom no rightful owner had been obtained.
Mr. Johnston undertook to make further inquiry, and communicated his success in
two well-written letters, one of which we shall insert, as the subject seemed to He
pretty near the heart of Fillans. We do not ourselves properly understand the case,
but the money appears to have been left by some one of the family of White, from
whom the artist's mother was descended. The following is a sort of family tree on
the mother's side : —

Janet White, widow of James Fillans, yourself,
William Watt, East Whitburn, and the rest of your
¦ still living. father's family.

PiSTEB Stark, whom yon
saw, Jane Stark, still
living in Whitburn, an
active old woman, and
eleven other children, all
dead.

First Marriage,
Robert White, who
went abroad,

Second Marriage,
Peter White, Farmer,
East Whitburn,

Jane White, Mrs. Fillans,
your mother,

Jean Morton, their
daughter, who married
John Stark, Farmer,Turn-
high, and Laird of Gate-
side, neax Whitburn,

John White, )
Mason, East Whitburn, }

Brother to-

f George White, }
- < Merchant,
( Whitbu

White, }
lant, >
>urn, ;

f Janet White, who
Brother to 1 married Mr. Morton,
( Whitburn Mill,

* Now master of Glen's Institution, Glasgow.

FORESHADOWINGS— SUNSHINE AST) GLOOM. 83
Mr. Johnston's letter is as follows. It shows what serious barriers lie in the way
of establishing neglected claims. Mr. Johnston is himseK a lawyer : —
" Bathgate, March 2, 1850.
" My Dear Cousin.— I ought to have written you sooner ; but delayed, always expecting to have
further explanation to give you regarding your mother's propinquity. I have been at Livingstone,
and seen the old schoolmaster, and wished him to lower his charge, on account of the great number of
extracts he had all at once ; but he was fixed in his determination to stand by his pedantic rule. I
came the length of £5, but he was steadfast to his charge. If you have not as yet remitted him the
money, send it to Thomas in two Post-office orders, say £A, and £2, as you cannot get a. Post-office
order above £5. I will go with him, and see what effect ready money will have on his obstinate
nerves. He would not so much as show me the copy. I believe he was afraid I would run away with
it. I ordered him not to extract any marriages in the meantime. From what is written below, you
will see if any are necessary. I will condescend on the particular names.
" I have been twice at Whitburn, and discovered a Jane Stark, sister of Peter Stark, whom you saw
in Bathgate, a very intelligent old woman; she gave me a distinct account of the connection with
Whitburn-mill people, as you will observe by the draft of propinquity enelosed, but she could give
me no information of intermarriages with the Whites and Meeks by whom the money comes. I got a
Jane White, not an old woman, a natural daughter of your mother's cousin, Peter White, farmer,
East Whitburn, but she knows nothing more than who her father and mother was.
" I was at Whitburn again, and went and examined the church burying-ground, for the stone
mentioned in your father's letter, and there is no such stone there, or I might have got some infor
mation from it; the footpath to the church door is immediately on the south of Polkemmet tomb,
where no stone can stand) about five or six feet south of the pathway, there is a new stone erected,
by John White, Shotts iron-works, in memory of William White, farmer, Rashyrig, in the parish pf
Shotts, his father ; I remember of that man attending Bathgate market within these twenty years.
William Brown, the sexton, your father mentions, is some years dead, and I have not seen his son
who is his successor; perhaps he may know something, about the old stone ; but I will make inquiry
the first time I am in Whitburn.
" I got a James Johnston, weaver, in Whitburn, who was married to a  Meek, daughter of
John Meek, farmer, East Longrig ; and at the time the money was making a noise in Whitburn, about
twenty-four years or so ago, he obtained a list of the dates of the deeds of settlement made by the
-Meeks of Little Blackburn and East Longrig for five generations, but as he had only an inventory,
and not the titles, I could not discover what their wives' names were ; but he gave me the most infor
mation I have yet got on the subject. He informs me that the money left was by a Captain- Thomas
Meek, in the province of Bengal, belonging to near Whitburn ; that he vas sure he did not belong to
the Royal Navy, nor does he think he was in the Company's service, but was a sea captain, and of
course must have been a country trader, as the trade with India was not then thrown open ; that
about 1766 or 1776, 1 do not recollect which, he obtained a paper from his wife's grandfather, then at
East Longrig, which he said might be as good as £3000 to him, and would remember him, therefore,
which was never done. He farther states that a contested election took place for the burghs of
Queensferry, Stirling, &c, when Downie of Appin was elected member. That Downie of Appin was
acquainted with the state of Captain Meek's affairs, and informed a Mr. Meek, then either a bailie or
councillor of the burgh of Queensferry, about the whole matter ; this Meek — Johnston went himself to
Queensferry to see, and he understood he belonged to the Meeks of Torbane (or Gowkstane), which is
in Bathgate parish, and another branch of the Meeks than those of Longrig and Little Blackburn;
that he heard about Captain Meek's money, which was trifling ; however, this Queensferry Meek sent
his son to India, and he has heard since that the son remitted £22,000, and that his father had left
the Queensferry, and went to reside in London, or somewhere in the neighbourhood ; he farther states
that he was informed Downie of Appin had said that Captain Meek had left two estates in Bengal,
besides his moveable property. Sir William Baillie, of Polkemmet, and Downie were married on
relations, 1 believe sisters, and he (Johnston) went also to Sir William on the subject, but got a frivo
lous answer, as a matter not worth his looking after. This is a matter not to be easy unravelled, as
Downie is dead, and Sir William confined from aberration of mind.
L2

84

MEMOIR OF JjAMES FILLANS.

" I have enclosed a note of the propinquity of your grandfather's family, his brother John's, and his
sister Janet's, up to the present time. If John White, farmer, Roughsyke, near Sideheads, was your
mother's cousin, your grandfather must have had another brother than John in East Whitburn.
Peter White, merchant, Sideheads, is a son of John, who was ih Roughsyke; he is about your mother's
age; I will wait upon him soon, and see what light he can throw upon the subject, and if he knows
anything about the intermarriages of Whites and Meeks ; and I will see what I can make out of these
overcharged extracts of baptisms. I will also make a journey to Queensferry, with the clerk of which
(a Mr. Miller, writer) I am well acquainted. I will ascertain the years Mr. Downie was member for
the burgh (I am sure he was in 1819) ; also the time Meek left Queensferry, where he went to, and
any other information I can obtain. After these are done, the dates may lead you to some information
from Doctors Commons." 
From this statement it is not probable that Fillans, although he had lived, would
have troubled himself further in the matter.
On the Friday after leaving Bathgate, Fillans,* still on the run, paid a visit to
Shandon, where he was, as usual, warmly received, and just in time to join Mr-
Napier with a party at dinner. Describing his visit, he says —
" After dinner we retired to the gallery, which is the finest of its kind in Scotland^ The walls are
covered with pictures of great value. At the one end is a large ornamental organ. The bellows are
wrought with water-power, so constructed that when the performer sits down on the music stool, it
presses a valve, and the bellows commence. The ceiling of this room is magnificent. The ornaments
are all relieved with arabesque and rose, interspersed with gilding. The chandelier is one ofthe finest
I have witnessed anywhere. It is lighted with gas, Mr. Napier having a small gasometer of his own
for private use." 
Amongst the company he met Mr. Miller, civil-engineer ; Mr. HiU, Edinburgh ; and
a son of Mr. Wilson of Drumdow, who wished him to make a bust of his mother.
Fillans proceeded to the Row, and was introduced to the minister of that place, who
showed him the mask of a child, from which he wished a bust. He then caUed on
Mrs. D. Walkinshaw and family — " aU well and kind as usual " — then on Mr. Walk
inshaw, sen., who was "happy to see [him]. Miss Walkinshaw reminded me that
she was my first patron. But for her we would not have been in London so com
fortable as we at firstjwere." He then proceeded to Helensburgh, and " called on
Mr. James Hutchison. He has lately finished a new and splendid house — a wonder
ful combination of good taste and wealth. He showed me every hole and corner —
flower-garden, bath, kitchen-garden, &c, till I was too late for the three o'clock train
— in fact, kept me all night."
" Mountblow, December 11, 1849. — Had a pleasant evening with Mr. James Hutchison. He is an
intelligent man. Crossed to Greenock — met Mr. Hill, artist — went to Paisley— Mrs. Rodger preparing
to leave for Rothsay, it being her daughter's birthday, but my account of the weather prevented her
from proceeding — presented the globes to Miss Rodger on the anniversary of her birth — Mina, I think,
will be pleased at this — we can buy another pair in London. Left for Glasgow — proceeded by steam
to Dalmuir — arrived at Mountblow just in time for dinner — went to church yesterday. I have placed
the three busts of the Messrs. Dunn ; they are much improved by the change. Mr. D. persuaded me
to. remain to-night, and has invited a party to meet me. About to leave for London in a few days."
* On the 10th he mentions having received a complimentary letter from Mrs. Grierson, Coltness
with introductory letters to Liverpool, stating, at the same time, that Lady Belhaven had returned
and was sorry she had missed him on her last visit. Her ladyship also intended giving him letters
to Liverpool.

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MODEL OF THE FLYING DUTCHMAN. 85

TAMING THE WILD HOESE.
Immediately on the return of FiHans to London, he seems to have set himseH ear
nestly to work in modelling this delightful series of bas-reliefs. He had previously
been reading his friend Kennedy's Texas, wherein a glowing account of the wild
horse, its haunts, and the mode of capturing it, is given. He entered upon this
trial of his skill, not only because he was intimate with the author, but because the
subject was in some measure new to him ; and, besides, he was anxious to show to
the world that he could model quadrupeds as weU as bipeds. This appeared to him
the more necessary, that a subscription was in progress among the citizens of Glas
gow, to commemorate the visit of the Queen by the erection of an equestrian statue
of her Majesty ; and many of his friends were confident that the commission would
come his way.
It is beheved that the preparation of this triumph of his art laid the foundation
of his future ill health. His studio in London was damp ; and, having got fairly
into the spirit of his work, he rarely left the premises, even for sleep, let alone exer
cise. Night after night he was to be found at his task, retiring to rest only for an
hour or two in the morning. He did not feel the bad effects of such task- work till
afterwards, for he was himself satisfied with the result of his labours ; and in such a
mood of mind with artists, as with men of talent generally, they are too much
absorbed with the one feeling to experience any other sensation. So much in earnest
was the artist with his labours, that, pursuing a practice not unusual with him (as
mentioned on a former occasion), he had allowed himself to go uncropped for several
weeks, determined to eschew comb or razor until, his self-imposed task should be com
pleted. His resolution, however, was unexpectedly put to the rout by a visit from
the Duchess of Sutherland and. Lady Belhaven. It was the winter season, and the
difficulty of -threading their way through the melted snow in the court-yard luckily
gave the unshorn artist timely notice of their approach. Leaving his brother fo, pilot
the ladies to his studio, FiHans beat a hasty retreat to his dressing-room, and, with
the despatch of a harlequin, immediately reappeared in aU the freshness of recent
ablution. He had scarcely completed this equestrian series, which was altogether a specula
tive undertaking, when he was called upon to execute another in a similar department.

MODEL OF THE FLYING DUTCHMAN. r '
In July, 1850, we find Mr. Fillans busily engaged upon a model of the celebrated
racer, Flyimg Dutchman, belonging to the Earl of Eglinton. He had been urged to the
task chiefly, we believe, through the instrumentaHty of Mr. Dick, bookseller, Irvine ;
and we rather think it did not turn out a profitable speculation for the artist. He
left London for Spigot Lodge, Middleham, where the horse was in training at the

86 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
time, on the 1 8th of July. Here he was kindly received by Mr. Fobert, and enter
tained during his stay in the most agreeable manner. In his letters to his better
half, at home, Fillans describes, with much animation, the delightful sceneiy in the
vicinity, and the various amusements contrived for his pleasure at that jolly season
of the year — hay-making. But he must be allowed to describe his reception and -
entertainment himself. In a letter, dated " Spigot Lodge, Middleham, 19th July,
1850," he gives a glowing description of his journey from Middleham village to the
Lodge :¦ —
" I got upon Middleham Moor ; the day was warm, and I a little feverish. The long stretch of
beautiful pasture land before me, undulating, high, and well stocked with cattle ; in fact a ridge of hill
for miles, uninterrupted by either fence or tree, terminated by heath-clad mountains. To the right,
the eye is delighted by the rich pastoral vale, stretching Jor miles, studded with trees; beyond that a
highly cultivated district, with numerous villages and luxuriant trees, bounded in the distance by
the mountains. To the left, the imagination requires no great stretch to fancy that it is in the High
lands of our native country. I knew not my whereabouts ; but, as bad luck would have it, I inquired
at a girl whom I met for Mr. Fobert's. ' Right on the other side of the moor,' was her reply, pointing
in the direction which I should go. I went, and got into an enclosed field of pasture, descended the
steep, and arriving at a small farm, again inquired. Found that I had been put out of my way a
mile or so, and had to retrace my steps, by getting as I best could over stone walls ; for the fences
are all made of stone here, and good fences they are, generally about five or six feet high, composed
of thin flat stone, of which there is great abundance. However, I soon arrived at Spigot Lodge;
found Mr. Fobert at home, his family being at church.- I had no sooner seen him, than I knew that
I had met with a man of sterling worth. He treated me with genuine hospitality.
"Having rested for half-an-hour, and refreshed with a little of the 'mountain dew,' our attention
was arrested by an unexpected kind of music, a maid beating with a stick on an old brass pan.
'Curious music,' said Mr. F.; 'we are assisting a hive of bees to swarm, and the noise is to keep them
at home.' We went to the garden, where the bees were emigrating from the mother estate, and there,
sure enough, they were in tens of thousands, flying about the head of the rustic musician; but they
soon congregated on a bush, forming a large dark mass, larger than my hat. A skep being secured,
they were, without any accident, put into it. Mr. F. observed that it was the largest swarm he had
ever seen. I thought to myself, good luck attends me now. After this we had a stroll in the fields.
Being hay-time, the aroma from the new-mown hay was delightful. On our return I met Mrs.
Fobert. She is a stout, good-looking woman. They are "both uncommonly warm-hearted and cheer
ful. A nephew and niece' [Mr. and Miss Bridges] reside with them. They have no other family- 
save a dozen of dogs, and twenty horses — all first-rate, and treated more as children ought to be treated
than dumb animals, as the saying is.
"It was arranged that I should take up my abode, while in the locality, at Spigot Lodge. A gig
was despatched for my portmanteau, and a delightful bedroom being allotted to me, I slept sound that
night. Got up by seven next morning, breakfasted by eight, and accompanied Mr. F. and his caval
cade of twelve blood horses, each mounted by a boy, to the moors, about a mile off. Here I, for the
first time, for years, again trod the blooming heather, which was loaded with beads of pearly dew. I
was much pleased with the scene. Time will not allow me to describe more of it than to say that I "
got upon a height, around which there was a capital natural race-course. This is where they exercise
and train the horses. The horses started in pairs. We had some capital racing, and the speed at
which they went surpassed anything I had previously seen, though none ofthe best ones were put to
their utmost speed. We returned, and I set about preparing a model of the Dutchman. He is a
splendid animal, powerful, graceful, and, I now believe, almost reasonable !
"Monday was a throng day with the inmates of Spigot Lodge. It was a hay-making day and an
immense deal of work was got over. The attention of Mrs. F. to the labourers in encouraging and
supplying them with food and liquids was very great, laudable, and cheering to the parties visited.
In'the afternoon I accompanied Mrs. F. to the field. There were about twenty hands at work and a

MODEL OF THE FLYING DUTCHMAN. 87
couple of horses, superintended by Mr. F. Mrs. F. had something to say in a kind manner to each as
she passed, and made particular inquiries as to their wants. To an old, tough, sun-tanned- Yorkshire-
man, a leader,, she said — 'You have got a delightful day for your hay, Thomas.' 'Ya, an han'd yagot
the good day too, Ma'am?' was the reply."
The evening, after the toils of the day were over, was spent in " mirth and laugh
ter," till about eight o'clock, when it was proposed that Fillans should accompany a
party of visitors, together with Mr. and Miss Bridges, to the other side of the moor,
to Mr. Dawson's. Some of the party were mounted, and rode on before, Fillans and
the other pedestrians bringing up the rear. The excursion, however, was put an end
to by an accident to Miss B. on entering the moor. Her horse, a blood one, became
restive, and, losing the reins, she was thrown to the ground. FiHans was amongst
the first to reach her. He did not think he could run so fast, but he no
doubt was excited by the peril of the young lady. Luckily she sustained little
injury ; but the party, in place of proceeding, returned to Spigot Lodge, where the
lady was put to bed. The accident had been seen by Mr. Fobert, who met them, on
their return, in a state of great agitation.
Next day was spent much in the same way — early breakfast, then to the moor,
then 'to work, and a ride over fhe farm with Mr. Fobert in the afternoon— Fillans,
however, stipulating before mounting that there should be no galloping.
Writing on the 20th, he says he has been busy at work, and had got th& head of
the Dutchman finished. Accompanied by a Mr. Mason and Mr. and Miss Bridges,
he had joined in an evening entertainment given by Mr. Dawson to the principal
farmers, merchants, and tradesmen in and about Middleham : —
"The ladies," he says, "are better educated here than is generally to be found in rural districts.
Seats being placed on the lawn in front and near to the house, a portion took up their places
there, and others occupied the drawing-room, while a tide of gallants ebbed to and fro, like bees
laden with sweets for their lady loves. Silence was followed by songs from parties both out
and in-doors, the windows being open. Mrs. Dawson sings beautifully. She is all-in-all a polite
and intelligent lady, a native of Edinburgh. At my request she sang ' Within a mile o' Edinburgh
town.' I never heard it so well sung. It being the hay season, and the song new here, it was
enthusiastically encored."
In one of his letters, 23d July, FiHans says — "Yesterday evening I stood god
father to three young greyhounds, and gave them their names, too — viz., Tarn
o' Shanter, Cuttie Sark, and Racer Jess." The Flying Dutchman having gone to
Goodwood races, Fillans remained at Spigot Lodge until his return — filling up his
time, meanwhile, by designing some additions to his group of " Wild Horses," and
enjoying the fine weather and scenery around Middleham by out-of-door exercise.
In a letter, dated 27th July, he gives a truly delightful description of Spigot Lodge
and its warm-hearted occupants : —
" My Dear Grace, — Didn't I promise you a sketch of Spigot Lodge? Well, let's go together up
the moor, and you may see it done on the spot. Though rather early — half-past six — yet the morning
is mild, and to me refreshing as the smiles on thy countenance; . . . Come, come, the sun has
just burst through the clouds of night, dispelling the mists of the valley and the mountain's brow;
then let me shake from thy loving eyes this lethargy, so that once more we may brush the dew from
the flowery sward.

88 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
" Now we are about two miles up Middleham Moor. Spread your plaid on the gowans, and let us
be seated. You observe that we are on a considerable height. We look towards the north, and the
land of thy fathers. Let us make a pen-and-ink sketch, and while I proceed I will describe the
various objects of my picture. You observe on the slope of this hill, close by us, a stone wall stretch
ing across the foreground of the picture. Immediately beyond that is a large field or lawn, sloping
from us in the shape of a horse-shoe. In this field you see wild shrubbery adorning the bald parts
of a rock. Surrounding this ' flowery lea,' you observe a plantation nicely variegated by the ash, the
elm, the youthful oak, and the sturdy pine. You see in the centre of that wood, or toe of the horse
shoe field, a clump of buildings of a quadrangular shape, two stories high. The centre building is
oblong, with two wings projecting forward. These two wings are joined to the main structure by
two curved or crescent-like buildings, less in height. The two wings are again joined by a wall about
four feet high, in which are three gates. That is Spigot Lodge. To the right you may observe its
walled garden, with luxuriant fruit-trees, flowers, and bee-hives. Immediately over Spigot Lodge
and the trees, at back (as the peasants here would express it), you observe a gorgeous landscape, rich
in crops, and rich in foliage, joining the placid clouds by distant purple hills.
" Now that I have outlined the landscape, let me put in the figures. I did not observe what you
said — ' eight o'clock ! ' Well, do not weary, I will touch them off in as few strokes as possible, though
not so perfect, I fear, as I would if more time could be spared. You observe, a little to the left of the
wild shrubbery in the horse-shoe field, a group of milk cows and sheep, nay, Highland sheep too, and
a man-servant filling large pails with nutritious beverage from the ' living kind.' Farther on, on the
wall joining the two wings of Spigot Lodge, you observe an animal somewhat like a young lion
couchant. That is Hector, the bloodhound. On the top of that wall he is to be seen from morning
to night. Though surly to me when I first met him, he is now quite friendly. You observe that
door at the end of the left wing, from which a lady has just issued (she observes us); that is the
entrance to Mr. Fobert's dwelling, and that lady is the vigilant, strong-minded, hospitable Mrs. Fobert.
You observe at her feet, in merry mood, a collie-dog, his name is Yarrow, a spaniel, and two or three
cats, all paying their morning addresses to their kind mistress. Yarrow sleeps nightly at my bed-room
door. Mrs. F. is now joined by a tall young lady in a riding-habit, elegant both in mind and figure.
What a pity you did not bring an opera-glass with you, then you might have seen more minutely.
Ah, you have got a spy-glass; well, look through it and see whether I am correct or not. You observe
that her figure is slender and elastic — well formed — her face oval — eyes vivid — chin, mouth, and nose,
and brow, graceful and well-proportioned — hair dark auburn, waving, and naturally curly — just such as
I ought to have had for my Madonna. That is Miss Bridges. Ah, the gates are just thrown open, and
the court is filled with blood horses, twenty at least, and each led by a boy. Now they are mounted,
and issuing forth from the centre and side gates. What a splendid group that is ! Partly seen in
flank, and partly fore-shortened. The first in the procession is the Flying Dutchman. He always goes
first. You observe they are now joined by the good-hearted Mr. Fobert, riding on his bay mare, and
Mr. Bridges on his black pony. That pony I have mounted often. The cavalcade are for the high
moor to exercise. Ah, and Miss B.'s palfrey is there too. She is mounted, possibly to go a-visiting.
What a glorious picture this would make, if in proper hands ! "
And so it is a delightful pen-and-ink sketch, showing the power of FiHans as a
writer as weU as an artist.
Though somewhat new to him, he seems to have felt no difficulty in modelling the
horse, and succeeded in perfecting an admirable likeness. In one of his letters, he
says, " The Dutchman, though saucy with me when I first visited him, has now
become as docile as a lamb. He seems to know what is wanted, and stands as he is
desired." He had the model finished by the 9th of August ; but, unable to procure plaster
fine enough, he could not obtain casts until he should proceed to Scotland. While
here he had contemplated getting up an exhibition of statuary at Manchester and

MODEL OF THE FLYING DUTCHMAN. 89
corresponded on the subject with various parties ; but the idea was abandoned, owing
to the difficulty of procuring a proper place.
In a letter from Irvine, dated 18th August, 1850, he thus describes his departure
from Spigot Lodge, where he appears to have enjoyed himself in the happiest possible
manner : —
" On Sunday last I left Spigot Lodge about 4 p.m.; dined previously, and having fourteen miles to go
to the railway, and much luggage, Mr. Fobert sent it (the luggage) off before me by a cart, and for
your loving husband there was an excellent black mare. When this was intimated to me, viz., that I
had to keep the saddle for fourteen miles, together with the late hour of starting, and to be in time
for the railway too, I, Gilpin-like, felt if my wig was fast, for I knew that if I had left it on the road,
my head must have been in it. As courage is two -parts of the victor's strength, I, in place of carry
ing weight, as Gilpin did, took one ' magnum bonum ' of toddy within, and that out of a magnificent
goblet, on which the Flying Dutchman is engraved.
"Well, I left Spigot Lodge amidst the good wishes of all present, Mrs. Fobert archly observing —
' Now, let us see at what pace you mean to travel ! ' I went very quietly till I was fairly on the moor;
then I applied admonition a little, and the black mare went steadily and easily to our journey's end,
having, about half-way, overtaken the cart. I often pulled up, and turned round to admire the
delightful scenery that was fast receding from my view. Being Sabbath, the whistling of the mower's
scythe was not heard, nor the humming sound of the hay-makers, so distinct the eve before. The sun
shone over a vale of verdure, which reminded me of my youthful conceptions of Eden, when there
was but one man, and, probably, but one horse ! I fancied the black mare that horse, and I the Adam,
sighing, as I often stopped to pull from the hedgerows the blossom of the hawthorn, or its tender
bride, the honeysuckle, for my Eve, the one woman, my Grace.
" Space will not permit me to describe the hill, mountain, and dale scenery of this garden, and its
paradisical river, shaded with trees and fruitful fields — that river in which the tears of Scotland's
beauteous Queen (Mary) often dropt heavily, and were transformed into pebbles, hard as the heart of
her rival sovereign. Queen Mary was confined in this vale, her prison being Bolton Castle, now in
ruins. I saw not a thistle but I imagined it the produce of the tears of that royal but unfortunate
beauty, bristling up with florid countenances against the hands of her enemies? But, to be brief, the
fourteen miles were ended sooner, much sooner than I could have wished ; and I and the Flying
Dutchman were boxed up, at Thirsk station, in a railway carriage."
Fillans posted on, almost without interruption, till he reached Irvine — his brother
John having joined him at Glasgow. He was anxious that the model should be
exhibited at Eglinton Castle during the Eghnton Paj-k Meeting, which he accom
plished, and had 'the satisfaction of being warmly complimented on his success by the
Earl, the owner of the horse.
The Glasgow Courier gave the foUowing animated description of the statuette : —
" Mr. Fillans, of London, the talented sculptor, has recently executed a model statuette of the cele
brated race-horse, ' The Flying Dutchman,' the property of the Right Hon. the Earl of Eglinton and
Wintoun. Subscribers to the work can procure copies either in bronze or composition; and as the
most distinguished patrons of the turf, and the admirers of ' the powers of pace ' of the Dutchman,
have ordered copies from the agent at Irvine, Mr. Maxwell Dick, bookseller, we purpose giving an
outline of the model, as exhibited at Eglinton Castle, during the race-week at Eglinton Park Meeting.
The statuette, then, is in size one-fourth of the original in his several proportions, height, length,
girth, &c. In the execution of the statuette, Mr. Fillans has been equal, if not superior, to all his pre
vious efforts in sculpture. The moclel represents the Dutchman at ease, yet evidencing animation and
vigour of action. The leading points of the noble animal— dark brown in colour, with no white
except saddle marks, are given with much fidelity. Thus, there are delineated his characteristic lean
head, Roman nose (which shows his high pedigree), prominent forehead, full fiery eye, strong neck
M

90 MEMOIR 'OF JAMES FILLANS.
(that is slightly curved to the left), round-shaped barrel, powerful back, and strong quarters. These,
added to the portraiture of his well-knit thighs, and immense arms, and springy posterns, with the
resemblance ol his thin, light, blood-looking tail, and all betokening his own quiet temper, constitute
a life-like statuette of this, the most splendid and invincible horse that ever graced the tprf of Eng
land. Mr. Fillan's, who drew his model from the original, at Mr. Fobert's stables at Middleham,
Yorkshire, having obtained every facility in executing the onerous work from Lord Eglinton's active
and faithful trainer, has, indeed, shown the Dutchman as if
' The speed of thought was in his limbs.'
The statuette rests on a pedestal of elongated form. The sides of the pedestal are panelled, with
the motto of the Dutchman inscribed, Invictus. At either end are the armorial bearings of the
noble owner, with the well-known ' Garde Bien,' and the shield of the Dutchman, namely, a saddle,
crest, horse head winged ; supporters, two ostriches ; quarterings, jockey cap, boot in stirrup, without
spur, and winged horse head. The panelling thus manifests the true character and spirit of the
work, which has not only elicited the admiration of the noble Earl himself, but also that of most of
the distinguished circle at Eglinton Castle during the week of the races.
"To give an idea of the value that may be placed upon a statuette of the Dutchman, it may, per
haps, be proper to state, that he was bred in 1846, by the late Mr. Vansittart, and that his sire was
the celebrated Bay Middleton. Making his ' first appearance ' at Newmarket July meeting of 1848,
he won the July stakes of £1100 for two-year-olds, beating sister to Iodine, the Jester, and five others;
and a sweepstakes of ,£400 for two-year-olds, beating Cracow and Chicot. He won the Port sweep
stakes of £1200 at Liverpool July meeting of same year, beating Escalade and Snowstorm; and at
Doncaster, the Champagne stakes of £825, beating Ellen Middleton and three others; and the two-
year-old stakes, beating Garrick and two other horses. In 1849 he won the Derby by half a length,
beating Hotspur, Tadmor, Honeycomb, and twenty-two others. He 'walked over' for the Bickerstaffe
stakes of £150, and the Port sweepstakes of £700, at the Liverpool July meeting ; and at Doncaster,
last year, he won the St. Leger of £3,200, beating Mummykirk, Vatican, and several others. He
1 walked over' for the foal stakes of £400, at the same meeting. After having received £500 forfeit from
Lord Clifden's Honeycomb at Newmarket second October meeting, it being a match for £1000 a-side,
he won at, Ascot the Emperor of Russia's vase, value £500, added to a subscription of 20 sovereigns
each, beating Lord Lonsdale's Jericho, Lord Stanley's Caneron, and two others. His last victory was
for the sweepstakes of £300 each, at the recent meeting at Goodwood, again beating his old rival
Vatican. Apprehensive of endangering his constitution by a fatiguing travel from Middleham to
Scotland, Mr. Fobert questioned the propriety of allowing him to appear at Eglinton Park meeting
for the sweepstakes of 25' sovereigns each, with 100 sovereigns added by the Earl of Strathmore and
Sir Wm. Watkins Wynn. Though Lord Eglinton was anxious to show this fine animal to the people
of the west of Scotland, and had forwarded a communication to Middleham to have him conveyed to
Eglinton Castle, he was reluctantly induced to accede to the desire of his trainer, who will test his for
midable racing powers at Doncaster this month; and though the admirers ofthe turf have thus been dis
appointed in seeing the bone, sinew, and noble points of the famed original, sporting clubs and private
parties have it in their power to possess copies of Mr. Fillans' exquisite statuette, which can form
both an appropriate ornament for either hall, saloon, or drawing-room, and constitute a memento of
the fleetest horse which ever paced the sporting downs of ' bonny England.' "

HOPES AND FEAES.
After the completion of the "Flying Dutchman," we find FiHans again writing
from Irvine on the 18th September, 1850, that he had been laid up with his
"sprained knee, a deranged stomach, and violent headache." He was so ill as to
be compelled to employ a doctor — by dint of whose prescriptions, and proper exercise,

HOPES AND FEARS. 91
he felt himself quite recovered, and anxious to return to the south. In the course
of the letter he says— and the paragraph is worthy of notice — "I attribute the
mental part of my late illness to the professional disappointment which I have
met with lately."
Fillans experienced more than one disappointment about this time. He was dis
appointed in a contemplated exhibition of his works at Manchester, and he was
disappointed, to some extent, in his commission of the " Flying Dutchman ;" but we
beHeve the disappointment he refers to was the fact of the proposed equestrian statue
of the Queen in Glasgow having been intrusted to a foreign artist. We have seen
how enthusiastically he laboured in the production of that beautiful series of models,
" Taming the Wild Horse," chiefly to show his power, as already stated, in a new
study to him, and that his friends might have full confidence in his ability to execute
an equestrian commission ; and he had a right, from the position he had attained as
a sculptor, and the number of his patrons and friends in and around Glasgow, to
expect that in a national work of this kind, the locality where he had been so much
noticed would have at least given a national artist of confessed eminence a chance
for the commission. He felt that, notwithstanding all his enthusiasm for the honour
of his country in the department of art to which he had devoted himself — notwith
standing his acknowledged position as one of the first sculptors, who had raised the
name of Scotland to a level with the highest in modern art — he felt that his just
claims had been slighted, and the only opportunity of having his name associated with
a national undertaking, denied to him. Such. a commission was aU that was awant
ing to place him on the highest pivot of his position. It is little wonder, therefore,
that the fiat of the committee, by which the commission was awarded to a foreigner,
made him mentally, if not physicaUy, sick. There can be no doubt that the disap
pointment tended to deepen the effect of those physical derangements which, it is
now evident, were the forerunners of his last illness.
It has all along been a complaint against our countrymen — and we fear it is a true
one — that they are slow to patronize home talent, especially in the fine arts, and more
particularly sculpture. In a letter addressed to one of his patrons, Mrs. Grierson
(London, 11th February, 1850), in reply to a complimentary communication received
from her, he indulges in some pertinent remarks on the subject we are speaking of: —
"No, Madam," he says, "the clime in which we live does not freeze up the soul (as has been said
thousands of times). It may concentrate it a little; and in doing so makes it more vigorous. The
high-pressure engine may give way through the inattention of the stoker, but it cannot succumb,
save from unnatural opposition, while supplied with the elements necessary for its support. Neither
would Britain succumb to any nation in art, more than she has done in poetry and arms, were a
tithe of her influential sons and daughters, like yourself and Dr. Bell, possessed of patriotism suf
ficient to. take some interest in the progress of art in their native country. This digression, Madam,
I trust you will pardon in one who feels delighted to find a friend to his profession."
Fillans had not, while writing this, experienced the disappointment to which we
have alluded.
In Irvine he was amused with various business proposals ; amongst others, a statue
of the Earl of Eglinton, which went no further, in consequence of the direct negative
M 2

92 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
of the Earl. These projects, however, coupled with others at Paisley, such as a
memorial of Wilson the ornithologist,* served to rally his spirits, and restore him to
temporary health.
From Irvine FiHans proceeded to Glasgow, where he met the Committee for
Motherwell's monument. The Flying Dutchman was brought into Mr. Finlay's for
exhibition. Fillans was kindly received by all his patrons and friends, and he fails
not to mention them specially in what he terms his journal, i. e., his letters to Mrs.
Fillans. After visiting Paisley, where he was welcomed with equal heartiness,
sleeping in "the sculptor's room" in his kind friend, Mr. Rodger's, he again
returned to Irvine in a day or two, and visited Dr. Houston at Ardrossan. From
thence he took a run to Ayr.
"Ayr, October 23, 1850. — The marble which I mentioned in my last was a bust of the Provost of
Ayr, which I expect will be forthcoming, t I have put up at Mr. Bone's here, » gentleman who
once dined with me in Baker Street. He wished me to promise that when I came to Ayr I should
make his house my home, and Mr. Fillans is as welcome to stay a month as not. He has a very
pleasant wife, and four children."
At this time Fillans seems to have passed frequently between Paisley and Irvine.
Writing from Paisley, 30th October, 1850, he says: —
" Yesterday morning, after having been well entertained with a bed, &c, by John Rankin, I went
to Milliken House — Sir W. Napier — to examine a very good collection of bronze casts, and a few
paintings ; from thence to an old sea captain's (name at present slips my memory); his house is close
by Kilbarchan. He has a very excellent collection of pictures, and was much pleased to see me, and
to show what he had. From thence I called on Captain Maitland. , He is a most excellent man, and
his lady is generous. Dined with Mr. Hall; very kind ; then visited Mr. .Spiers of Burnbrae; another
collection of works of art. He also treated me with great respect."
From November 30, till December 16, we lose sight of Mr. Fillans ; at least, there is
a blank in his journal during that period. We believe he was still in Paisley, having had
a slight illness. On the 10th December, he writes that he is in good health, and was em
ployed on a bust of Mr. Archibald Leckie, Lonend, a gentleman weU known to the
antiquarian world.J While modelling Mr. Leckie, he frequently remained all night,
and slept in an antique bed, or bedstead, that had once graced the interior of Bar-
garran House. FiHans delighted in things of this description, and it seems to have
excited his creative fancy. He designed to have painted a historical picture — the
death-bed scene of Robert the Bruce, with Douglas standing by, receiving the last
behest of the dying monarch to carry his heart to the Holy Land. The dialogue, in
the words of Fillans —
Bruce. — When this heart doth cease to beat,
Wilt thou pluck it from its hidden place,
And plant it in the Holy Land ?
Do'st promise, Douglas ?
* A committee was formed to carry this proposal into effect, and it is probable that it may still be
accomplished. t This was not gone into ; but the Provost was some time ago presented with a sum of money in
stead. X Mr. Leckie has, probably, one of the best private collections of ancient bronze utensils and warlike
weapons in existence.

JItkJixrrnra- antr Qftftto.

HOPES AND FEARS. 93
Douglas. — Yea, my good sire, with this broad brand
I'll dig a place,
And plant.it in the Holy Land.
Fillans passed his time chiefly in Paisley tiU the end of 1850, going occasionally
to Glasgow on business, such as measuring off the ground for Motherwell's monu
ment, ahd other matters.
In the beginning of February (1851) Fillans made a run to Ayr and Irvine : —
"Ayr, February 7, 1851. — Yesterday I commenced my second baso-relievo for Motherwell's
monument, I expect, now that I have got a fair starting, to have the whole finished by the latter
end of this week. I sketch them on the stone, and cut without models ; saving a great deal of- time.
 To-day I walked to Burn's Cottage, dined there. The landlord, a Mr. Ritchie, was
very kind. I mean to let him have a copy of tlie baso-relievo of the birth of Burns to place in his
principal room, as a present. Went from the Cottage to the monument ; met with a kind reception
from Mr. Auld. Next visited Mrs. Begg, sister of Burns, who treated me with the greatest respect."
Visited Eglinton Castle, for the purpose of seeing a suit of armour previous to
sketching one of the bas-reliefe designed for Motherwell's monument. Writing from
Paisley, 29th January, 1851, he says he has completed Miss Rowat's likeness, and
that it pleases all who have seen it : —
" On Monday dined with Mr. H. M'Kenzie. After dinner he drove his wife and I to the theatre,
Glasgow. I met M'Nee there, with whom I called at the Crow, George Square ; there met about
twenty of the best in Glasgow, at the head of whom Mr. Hastie, M.P  Mr. M'Kenzie
gave me a commission for a group in marble of his lady and child. It is to be in bold relief."
Some time previously, Fillans had opened a studio in St. Vincent Street, Glasgow.
Writing on the 12th January, he says : —
"I have got my 'Virgin and child' placed on a pedestal. Had about a dozen masons, labourers in
cluded, to put her there. You would have admired the devotion of one of the sons of Hibernia, when
at one point of the erection I bawled out — the Virgin is falling ! He put his breast to her, and lifted as
much as three ordinary men, his eyes turiied towards heaven at the moment. The Virgin was saved
— St. Peter pleased — and nevertheless I."
" Sure," said another of the labourers to his fellow-workman, " this is not marble "
(pointing to the child crushing the head of the serpent). "Why, don't you see it is
marble ?" was the reply. " Sure and it can't be. See how he crushes it so !" This
was the involuntary compliment of an ignorant man to the talent pf the sculptor.
About this time Fillans -was engaged in painting a likeness of Miss Jessie Camp-
beU (now Mrs. Lang, Port-Glasgow), daughter of Captain D. CampbeU. He took
much interest in it, and succeeded in making a splendid hkeness, but it was not quite
finished when he died.
Not long afterwards Fillans returned for a brief space to London. This was the
last but one of his numerous trips back and forward to the metropolis. It is memo
rable for a pen-and-ink sketch of the voyage, written and Hlustrated on board, in
the form of letters to Mrs. Fillans. A facsimHe, however, could not well be given.
He went up to model a figure of Captain Coram, promoter of the Foundling Hospital,
London. A subscription had been got up for a statue to be placed within the pre
cincts of the institution, and Fillans had been invited to compete.

94 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.

MONUMENT TO MOTHEEWELL.
FiHans did not remain long in London, as the monument to Motherwell, on which
he had been engaged for some time, was now nearly completed, and required only a
few finishing touches. The work was one into which, from the respect he bore to his
early patron, the sculptor threw his whole feelings. The following exceUent account
of the origin and completion of this beautiful piece of art, which was inaugurated on
the 25th June, 1851, we copy from one ofthe Glasgow journals at the time :—
" It had long been matter of regret to the admirers of Motherwell that neither ' marble urn nor
animated bust,' nor even a simple headstone, had been erected to mark his lowly bed, and tell the
passing stranger that the spot on which he trod was hallowed ground. Ultimately, however, a
number of the old friends of the poet in this city determined that an effort should be made to remove
this reproach. A committee was formed, with sub-committees in Edinburgh and Paisley, with the
object of raising the necessary funds for the erection of a suitable monument. Subscriptions sufficient
for the desired end were, without much difficulty, obtained ; one of the most handsome contributors
being Mr. Lennie, teacher of the ' schule,' in which, nearly half-a-century ago, Willie Motherwell and
Jeanie Morrison ' Sat on a'e laigh bink,
To leir ilk ither lear.'
This gentleman, who is the author of several highly useful school-books, is now resident at Edinburgh ;
and when informed that it was intended to erect a monumental structure to the memory, of his old
pupil, of whose fame he is justly proud, he at once subscribed "a liberal sum, and even offered to
double it, if such an addition should be found requisite.
" The execution of the work, as our readers are already aware, was intrusted by the committee to
Mr. Fillans, the celebrated sculptor, an old friend of Motherwell's, and one of whose earliest efforts
was a bust of the poet. The monument is exceedingly elegant and chaste in design. It is in the
form of a small Gothic temple, and consists of a quadrangular pediment, of solid masonry, supporting
a light dome, or canopy, on four finely-proportioned pillars ; the dome being tastefully decorated with
carvings of shields and fleurs de lis. In the space between the pillars is a sarcophagus, on which is
placed a termini bust of the poet, of beautiful Parian marble. On the front and sides of the pedestal
are a series of spirited designs, carved in an effective though somewhat novel manner, and illustrative
of the general characteristics of Motherwell's genius. In one we have a glance at the age of chivalry.
Gallant knights are engaged in mortal combat in presence of ladies fair, who bide, in fear and trem
bling, the issue of the conflict. One mailed and vizored cavalier is bearing off his ladye love, who
endeavours to raise the iron mask which screens his features. Another compartment, wild and weird,
represents ' Halbert the Grim,' driven by fiendish power to merited but fearful punishment ; while a
third, soft, sweet, and tender, is a pourtrayal of the ' twa bairns at schule,' whose early loves is the
subject of the poet's most masterly effusion. The raptured pair are seated together on ' a broomy
brae o' June,' Jeanie poring attentively over her book, while the attention of her wee sweetheart
is absorbed by certain forms emblematic of the verses, who seem to court his gaze. On the posterior
compartment of the pedestal is the following inscription : —
BRBOTEn
BY ADMIRERS OP THE POETIC GENIUS OP
WILLIAM MOTHERWELL,
Who died 1st November, 1835, aged 38 years.
' Not as a record he lacketh a stone !
'Tis a fond debt to the singer we've known.
Proof that our love for his name hath not flown,
With the frame perishing ;
That we are cherishing
Feelings akin to the lost poet's own.'

>M D

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1

I

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MONUMENT TO MOTHERWELL. 95
"On Wednesday the inauguration of this elegant and" appropriate structure was celebrated. The
sculpture, carving; and mason work, the latter of which has been tastefully executed' by Councillor
M'Lauchlan of Irvine, having been all completed previously outside of the burying-ground, nothing
remained to be done but to set the various portions into their appropriate situations. This operation,
we may remark, was consequently performed without the clink of a hammer, so that the edifice, like
the temple of Solomon — to compare small things with great — was'elevated in solemn silence. About
eleven o'clock, x.ii.} Mr. Fillans and the committee of subscribers, Chas. Hutchison, Esq., David
Robertson, Esq., Thomas Davidson, Esq., James Howie, Esq., D. C. Rait, Esq., and Geqrge Miller, Esq.,
arrived on the ground. Mr. Rait officiated as master mason, and laid the foundation Stone with the
mystic ceremonies usual on such occasions. In the cavity was deposited a bottle, hermetically sealed,
containing a copy of Motherwell's Works, a portion of his MSS., Dr. Strang's Census, and Rise and
Progress of Glasgow, an abridgement of ClelancPs Statistical Tables, the Western Supplement to Oliver
and Boyd's Almanac, copies of Tuesday's Glasgow papers, the Glasgow Directory, Murray's Time Tables,
and the names of the members composing the Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Paisley committees, to whom
were intrusted the duty of completing the arrangements.
"After the, performance of the ceremony, the committee adjourned till five o'clock, p.m., by which
time the operatives of Mr. M'Lauchlan had completed the operations preliminary to.the inauguration
of the bust. At this hour about twenty individuals assembled on the spot, among whom we observed,
besides the committee, Mr. Sheriff Bell, G. W. Muir, Esq., and- Mr. James M'Nab, who, we under
stand, has, in the most considerate manner, for a number of years past, placed on the grave every now
and again a printed label, with an extract from the poet's last production, to point out to the stranger
his final place of rest. We may also mention that a few ladies graced the ceremony with their pre
sence. On the erection of the bust, every one was struck with its beauty as a work of art ; while
those who had known the bard while in the flesh, were unanimous in their praise of its fidelity as a
likeness. We have seldom, indeed, seen a niore life-like or elegant production of the chisel. The
features are radiant with sentiment, while there is an indication of intellectual* power in the expansive
forehead, which at once marks the countenance of genius. We question whether Mr. Fillans has
ever 'been more successful in his efforts, and we feel persuaded that Sheriff Bell only gave utterance
to the general opinion of those present, when he so heartily congratulated the artist on the satisfactory
termination of his labours. The monument is, indeed, exceedingly creditable to all concerned in its
erection; and, apart altogether from its associations as a memorial of the departed bard, will form one
of the most tasteful ornaments of our. 'city of the dead.'
" To the gentlemen of the committee, through whose means the stigma has been- removed, which
'was so long attached to our city, of having failed to manifest due respect tothe memory of one of her
most gifted sons, we owe a deep debt of gratitude. Their labours, we doubt not, were in this instance
pure labours of love, and the consciousness that they have been instrumental in the erection of a
structure consecrated to the name, and not unworthy of the genius of the author of 'Jeanie Morrison,'
must be to them its own exceeding great reward. They have done their duty nobly, and it may
appear somewhat ungenerous in us to hint, as we now do, that something yet remains undone. Within
a few feet of Motherwell's mausoleum lies his friend, the worthy and ingenious Andrew Henderson,
the tenant of an unmarked grave ; and behind Sanct Mungo's hallowed pile, in the 'Auld Kirk-yard,'
rests J. D. Carrick, another bosom cronie of our poet, and a man of original genius himself, one whose
humorous effusions still ' set the table in a roar,' without an index of any description to mark his
lowly mound amidst those of the common dead. This is not as it should be. We do not say, ' erect
to either such a splendid memorial as you have done of their more illustrious friend;' but we do think,
the means should be taken to have a simple tablet or headstone, with suitable inscription, raised to
mark the spots where the dust of each of these remarkable individuals is laid. Very many who visit
the tomb of Motherwell naturally inquire for those of his friends, and it would, we think, be well
that some indication, however humble it may be, should be erected for their guidance.
" The following beautiful verses appeared in the Argus, immediately after the death of Motherwell.
They are supposed to have been written by a brother1 of the late Dr. Binnie, of Lady Yester's,
Edinburgh : —

96 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.

LINES ON THE DEATH OF WILLIAM MOTHERWELL.
" A stoun gaes through my head, Willie,
A sair stounthrough my heart ;
For death has closed thy e'en, Willie,
When least we thocht to pairt :
Waes me, the silver cord is loosed,
The golden goblet broken,
Ere words o' kind remembrance
Between us twa were spoken.
" And is that spirit quench' d, Willie,
That voice for ever hush'd,
From whence the sweetest minstrelsie
In rich luxuriance gush'd ;
That rung through Scotia's glens, Willie,
Thrill'd every patriot breast 1
Your task is ended now, Willie,
Ye're laid wi' them that rest.
" Your dream o' life was brief, Willie,
Your sun gaed early down,
Yet on your name and on your head
Are honours and renown.
And through all future time, Willie,
First in poetic fame,
Twin brothers, Burns and Motherwell,
Shall Scotia proudly claim.
" A cloud comes o'er my brow, Willie,
A sickness o'er my heart,
For, O! 'tis hard for frien's, Willie,
Abruptly thus to pairt ;
To think o' thee but yesterday,
(A stoun gaes through my head,)
Sae full o' hope and life, Willie,
Now 'mang the clay-cauld dead !
" O, I'll remember thee, Willie,
Sae lang as earth's my hame,
For dear unto my heart, Willie,
Is thy immortal name ;
And cherish 'd in my memory
Thy worth shall ever be,
For thou hast oft entranced my soul
Wi' tales o' glamourie.
" I'll seek the lone kirk-yard, Willie,
Whilk now your hame maun be,
And maids like ' Jeanie Morrison,'
Shall come alang wi' me ;
And on thine honoured grave, Willie,
We'll place the votive wreath,
An offering to the bard who lies
The cauld green turf beneath.

MONUMENT TO MOTHERWELL. 97
And oft "as spring returns, Willie,
In Sabbath's holy calm,
When through the auld Cathedral kirk
Resounds the plaintive psalm,
The devotee of genius
Shall pass Saint Mungo's shrine,
And graves of mitred priests, to pay
His heart's devoirs at thine."

MOTHERWELL'S GRAVE.
By William Kennedy.
" Place me a mark at his head and his feet,
Sprinkle his sward with the wild flowers sweet —
Piously hallow the poet's retreat ;
Ever approvingly,
Ever most lovingly,
Turned he' to nature, a worshipper meet !
" Harm not the thorn which grows at his head,
Odorous honours its blossoms will shed,
Grateful to him — early summoned — who sped
Hence, not unwillingly —
For he wished thrillingly
To rest his poor heart 'mong the low-lying dead.
" Dearer to him than the deep minster bell,
Winds of sad cadence at midnight will swell :
Vocal with sorrows he knoweth too well,
Who, for untimely day,
Planning this roundelay,
May his own fate from a brother's foretell.
" Worldly ones, treading this terrace of graves,
Grudge not the minstrel the little he craves,
When o'er the snow-mound the winter blast raves,
Tears, which devotedly,
Though all unnotedly, ,
From their spring in the soul's silent caves !
' Dreamers of noble thought raise him a shrine,
Graced with the beauty which flows in his line,
Show with pale flow'rets, when pensive moons shine,
His grassy covering,
Where spirits, hovering, .
Chant, for his requiem, music divine !
" Not as a record he lacketh a stone !
Own a fond debt to the singer we've known :
Proof that our love for his name hath not flown,
With the grave perishing,
That we are cherishing,
Feelings akin to our lost poet's own."
N

98 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.

DEATH AND FTJNEEAL OE THE ELDEE FILLANS.
Shortly after the completion of MotherweH 's monument, Fillans was called sud
denly to London, in consequence of the death of his father, which, as already stated,
occurred on the 17th July, 1851. Although he had reached quite a patriarchal age,
and his departure was daily to be expected, yet the event, when it really did come,
was most keenly felt by the subject of our memoir. Indeed, the state of mental pros
tration into which he was thrown, as he looked his last upon the venerable coun
tenance of his father, would hardly be credited by those who knew Fillans only in a
business capacity. He had a warm heart for all; but his feeHngs were wound up to
intensity in filial and parental affection. As he had obtained ground in the Paisley
cemetery for a family burying-place,* and resolved to carry his father's remains
there, he adopted the somewhat novel mode of preserving the body in Eoman cement ;
and thus, double-chested, it was conveyed by steam to Scotland, but not before Sep
tember, nearly two months after his demise. In a letter, dated 21st September, he
gives an account of the interment.
As already stated, FiUans had designed the colossal statue of Rachel Weeping for .
her Children, with the intention of cutting it in marble, to be placed on the burial-
ground of his father.t The marble was set aside for the purpose, and as its com
pletion lay near to his heart, it has been resolved that the profits arising from this
work shall be devoted to the statue. When he had finished the model, he was
heard to say that it was the last of his modellings he should devote to grief. He
should give himself to more cheerful subjects ;• and, animated with somewhat of
his former energy and determination, he resolved to pursue his labours with fresh
vigour.
EEMOVAL FKOM LONDON.
It was about this time that FiHans seems to have finally made up his mind to dis
continue his expensive establishment in London, and concentrate his domestic and
business premises in Glasgow. With this view we find him gradually augmenting-
his studio in St. Vincent Street ; and, in his letters to London, giving directions for
the disposal or removal of the stock. This was a task of no easy accomplishment,
considering the heavy material of which it was composed, besides a young family to

* The spot, commanding a delightful prospect to the north, was selected with his, usual poetic dis
crimination. If, as Home says, " spirits are permitted to walk the earth unseen,'' what more beauti
ful landscape could they wish to gaze upon than that commanded by the rising ground where now
rest both father and son.
t Motherwell's bust was cut out of the same piece of marble. When he was measuring the block,
his wife asked him why he was so careful in measuring it 1 He replied, " Grace, I intend to cut
Motherwell's and our -monument out of the same stone."

Plsi.3 2.dCWIi.

**""

^axfeX Wxstpmg

REMOVAL FROM LONDON. 99
attend to ;' yet it was ably managed by Mrs. FiHans, who seems to have been to him
in all things a zealous help-mate, not only in her own department, but in much of
the business part of his. He was enabled, by this means, to devote his mind more
thoroughly to his profession.
While in this transition state, we find his studio thus noticed at length by the
North British Mail, Nov. 22 :—
SCULPTURE BY MR. FILLANS OJT LONDON.
" This talented sculptor, who has been on a visit to this city for some time past, engaged in the
execution of commissions for the west of Scotland, has* just thrown open his studio, in St. Mary's
buildings, St. Vincent Street, where he has placed a collection of his recent works for public inspection.
Yesterday we paid Mr. Fillans a visit, and were delighted during the time we spent among the works
of art that adorn his studio. We were particularly struck with one life-sized group in marble, the
' Madonna and Child.' The time chosen by the artist for representation is supposed to be that of the
flight into Egypt. The Madonna is plainly and simply attired, without ornament of any kind. Her
attitude is that of supplication; her hands are clasped together, and her face turned upwards, as if
imploring Omnipotence to succour her offspring in the mighty work he is destined to accomplish. Her
form and lineaments are those of placid beauty and benignity. She is in a sitting, suppliant posture;
while between her knees the infant Jesus nestles in all the security of maternal watchfulness. The
child in itself is a masterpiece ; the marble seems instinct with life, and represents the carelessness
and guilelessness of infancy. The greatest aim of art must always be to convey a moral, and no truly
high art can exist without leading the mind to something beyond the mere material representation
In this splendid group there are two seemingly paltry accessories that tend to effect this great result.
On the right side of the pedestal, and nearly concealed by the figures, is a little lamb, apparently
relaxing itself from a severe struggle ; the coil of a serpent's tail is observed loosely around its body,
and on tracing the reptile's form round the back of the Madonna's seat, it is perceived that its neck
is beneath the heel of the holy child. The serpent in the throes of strangulation, and the firmness
with which the child has planted. his foot upon its gasping throat, are rendered with the minutest
fidelity. This little allegory is, we may say, the soul of the group, and is intended to convey the idea
of the power of truth crushing evil and emancipating good.
" The next which we would specially notice is a series of bas reliefs in plaster, representing
the capture of the wild horse on the Texan prairies. The first tableau represents a group of horses
in the enjoyment of their native freedom, in which the- animals are shown in various postures of
repose. Next we have the herd in furious commotion, leaping and plunging madly forward, with
their hunters in the rear. One hunter is throwing the enthralling lasso, while another has just got
the noose over a powerful steed. The still action of the horse and rider, who is checking the cap
tured animal, displays immense power and training; while the wild horse, reined in with the tightened
cord, becomes the prey of the huntsman. Another tableau represents the wild horse ' backed ' for the
first time. The animal seems quivering in every nerve and limb with terror and agitation, while his
bold rider appears the very picture of intrepidity, and controls the horse's mad career, despite of its ,
plunges and efforts to pitch him from his seat. The scenes again become more peaceful towards the
close, as they were at first, for the animal has been subdued, and is now the docile companion of his
captor, and watches over him as he reposes at the foot of a forest tree. This is a most interesting
series of modellings, and shows that Mr. Fillans is not out of his element even in equestrian subjects.
The idea, we believe, was taken from a work on Texas, by Mr. William Kennedy, late British consul
there. " ' Grief, or Rachel weeping for her Children,' because they are not, is an exquisite statuette in
plaster, and can scarcely be looked upon without awakening feelings of sympathy. Among other
works are a bas relief allegory, 'Love Piloting the Soul;' a statuette, Athena, as she appeared before
Paris ; a cast of the well-known alto-relievo of the ' Birth of Burns ;' a magnificent marble bas relief
head of Michael Angelo ; the recently, finished and beautiful statuette of the celebrated race-horse
' Flying Dutchman,' &c.

100 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
"Among the other works of Mr. Fillans, as a matter of course, are some splendid busts of ladies
and gentlemen belonging to this district. Among these we observed most speaking likenesses, in marble,
of Mr. M'Lean, of Plantation ; Mr. M'lvor, the steam-boat proprietor ; the late Mr. James Coates, of
Ferguslie ; Mr. Thomas Coates, of Ferguslie House ; Mr. Leckie, Lonend, Paisley ; all of whom we at
once recognized. There are several pieces of sculpture, besides those we have named, well worthy of
description ; but we would recommend the lovers of the noble art of sculpture to pay Mr. Fillans'
studio a visit, and judge for themselves of the merits of the collection.
" Before leaving this subject, we cannot help, along with others, expressing our surprise that the
proposed statue of the Queen should have been spirited away to a foreigner, without a single chance
being offered to a native artist, of not only honouring himself, but his country, by producing such a
work of art as that statue ought to be. It is not to be expected that artists can manufacture these ex
pensive works on speculation, that they may be purchased when wanted. Such a statue can only once
be put up in a city. In a whole lifetime works of this kind come rarely, even to the most renowned
genuises. Had Chantrey, Marochetti, or Wyatt never been intrusted to attempt the works which have
made their names known, they might have lived comparatively obscure. We do not say that Maro
chetti is not the best man to whom the commission could have been given ; but this we felt, while
inspecting the works of Mr. Fillans — a comparatively young artist — that at least an opportunity
might have been afforded to the sculptors of our own country, by a competition of models, to show
whether or not the right stuff was in them. High art is the index of high refinement in a country;
and if our artists are kept by absurd prejudices from attempting to execute our great works, it is no
fault of native genius if we owe our public monuments to the hands of foreigners."
Another visitor gives way to his feelings in a series of
" SONNETS,
" Suggested by a visit to the studio of the sculptor Fillans.
I.
" My native city, with a noble pride
In thee I glory : on'thy street I stand,
The streaming crowds pressing on either hand ;
I wondering gaze, and thoughtful turn aside.
On floats thy river with its burden'd tide : .
From this fair arch I see the pennons sweep
From thousand masts ; I list the turmoil deep
Of commerce feverish ; yea, the world is wide, v
Not wider than thy scope — thy heart, great throbb'd,
Intense, the ocean roundeth. Venice old,
The famed, far-aiming Venice, never told
Triumphs as thine, when from her galley, robed
With boastful banners, to the up-leaping sea,
Was thrown the ring with pomp and spousal glee.
II.
" We need not woo the ocean we have won.
Though Venice, captive, weeps for pomps gone by-
Florence, old Rome, I heave a sudden sigh
That no proud heart for us such deed has done
As claim high kindred with the Medici.
My native city, bare unto the sun
Thou liftest thyself up ; no pilgrims hie,
From thy fair shapes to store up dreams divine.
Fillans ! such thoughts much humbled as I stood
Meek 'fore thy fine creations, and subdued

DEATH OF FTLLANS. 10 J
Those ruder thoughts that daily me entwine.
What though thy youth clamb not the Appenine,
Dreamt 'tween rich shafts of old Athenian fane,
Must thy high thought, thy toil for us be vain ?
III.
" How answerest them, city so dear to me 1
Pensive the sculptor, o'er the unshaped stone
With teeming fancy leans. The harsher tone
Of our stern life frets not ; yet what are we,
That lovely images a care should be,
Or laud the fair completion of his thought 1
To us the dreamer's phantasy is nought ;
What gain therein ;'our ships are bound for sea.
How sweet this holiday, the sun's warm flush •
Glows on the graceful marble ; all amaze,
Yon toil-freed man in his rapt spirit's hush,
Sure 'mong cold crowds, gazeth, and still will gaze.
New thoughts o'erflow, new impulses impress —
Mould the day's toil, and scorn the mean excess.
IV.
" The forms august to which the Roman bent,
The softer shape that tranced the finer Greek,
In these restraining days we may not seek ;
Yet even in us may lovely thoughts be pent.
On semblance benign gaze we reverent
Of that old man — life's common acts fulfilled
Uprightly — thence a lesson high instilled.
Our annals with immortal deeds are blent ;
Or, Fillans, if thy aims be loftier sent,
Angels at Mamre fold their glowing wings,
O'er Isaac bound the knife arrested brings,
Jacob is blest by night-long wrestling spent,
Weeps outcast Hagar, childless Hannah's suit,
Jephthah's great woe, now dance and timbrel mute.
"March, 1852. "R. M."
DEATH OF FILLANS.
The entire removal of FiHans' establishment from London was effected towards the
close of December, 1851. From that period tiU Whitsunday, 1852, the family occu
pied a house in the country, at Shettlestone, some few miles from Glasgow. They then
removed to a self-contained house (No. 95) at the head of Montrose Street. Here
there was ample accommodation, both for dweUing-house and studio ; with a back-
green and outhouses. We had the pleasure of spending a day or two with Fillans imme
diately after his taking possession of these premises, and were greatly delighted with
his apparent comfort and happiness. For sixteen years previously, it may be said, he
had scarcely known the full advantages of his own fireside, for he was more frequently
away than at home. But here he had constantly around him that domestic circle in
which his heart delighted ; and weU might he be proud of his family, for a finer could

102 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
nowhere be seen. Pleasure beamed in his countenance as he watched their playful
movements on the green, in which a picturesque Httle animal, a mountain-goat, joined
with evident delight. We fancied we could trace some outlines of care upon the coun
tenance of Fillans, and thought his step less elastic than we had seen it ; but his
natural kindness of heart and social disposition were unchanged, and he spoke of the
things he had yet to accomplish — especially a series of historical paintings, which he
had contemplated for some time, for he was determined to show the world that he
could paint as well as model. Hitherto he had failed to accumulate anything by his
labours ; but now, by concentrating his establishments, and consequently limiting
his expenses, he seemed to look forward to a harvest which might yet be reaped.
Our surprise and sorrow may well be understood, when, in less than six weeks after
wards, we read in the newspapers that Fillans was no more !
It appears that his illness — a sort of rheumatism, which affected his limbs, and
ultimately ascended to the region of the heart — had been gradually gaining ground
upon him. It seemed to have originated in the damp studio of his London premises
— where, as we have already stated, he spent many long days and nights in modelling
the Texan horses — and subsequent exposure to wetness, often sitting for hours, away
from home, in damp clothes. FiUans had naturally a robust constitution ; but he
wore it too rapidly by mental and physical labour, the effects of which were deep
ened by a habitual indifference to personal comfort. His head was wholly engrossed
by his profession, and his heart by his family — for a kinder husband and a more
solicitous father, and, we may add, a warmer and a truer friend, never existed.
His latter moments were characteristic of his manly nature ; but the narrative is
melancholy. Though he had latterly been hardly able to walk, from a numbness in
his feet and limbs, and was obliged to keep his bed frequently, still his mind, and
even his hands, were occasionally actively engaged in his profession. Some of the
family of Robert Ker, Esq., having called to, give him a sitting for their picture
on the Saturday previous to his death, he dressed and went into the studio, and was
about to proceed. They saw, however, that he was ill, and took their departure,
promising to return on Monday or Tuesday. Fillans, notwithstanding, rubbed-in
(as artists say) the picture, and had the goat brought from the garden to sketch
it into the group of children. After working for some time, he complained that
he could not see. At last he was conveyed to bed; by midnight he was insensible,
and by Monday morning his noble heart was still for ever. None of his friends
— not even his own family — had any idea that his end was so near. Amongst his
patrons, Robert Napier, Esq., was the last who saw him. Calling about a fort
night previous to his death, he found FiHans unwell, and considerately cut short his
visit in consequence ; but he little dreamed that it was more than a temporary indis
position. The surprise of aU was therefore great when the fatal termination of his
illness became known ; and the kind anxiety with which they hastened to give their
consolation and their aid will never be forgotten by the family.
The loss — the public loss — sustained by his premature demise may be inferred from
the numerous and lengthy notices of him which appeared in the public journals.

DEATH OF FILLANS. 103
Amongst others we quote the following, abridged from the North British Daily Mail,
September 28, 1852 :— DEATH OF JAMES FILLANS, ESQ., SCULPTOR.
"We regret to announce in our obituary of to-day the death of this eminent and talented gentle
man, whose demise has been almost as sudden as it was unexpected. He had for some time past
been afflicted with rheumatism, and for the last week or two had been labouring under an attack of
the disease. About a week ago it assumed the form of fever, and he was obliged to remain confined
to his room. Nothing serious, however, was apprehended, either by his family or his medical attend
ant, till Sunday night, when the fever took a turn for the worse, and he continued sinking till yester
day morning, when death terminated a life full of brilliant promise. We are certain that we speak
not only our own feelings, but those of a large circle of private friends in this neighbourhood, when
we express the deep regret we feel at the unexpected loss of one whose warmth of heart and many
social virtues endeared him to all with whom he came in contact. The patrons and admirers of art,
at the same time, cannot but feel that there is to-day a man of genius less than our country could but
yesterday boast of. Mr. Fillans' works are well known both in the west of Scotland and in London.
They were numerous and varied both in subject and style. Having received extensive commissions
in Scotland, Mr. Fillans was induced, in the spring of the present year, to remove his studio to this
city, from the vicinity of Portman Square, London, where for many years it formed a centre of attrac
tion to the admirers of art. Many of our citizens during the last season must have been delighted
with the noble works of sculpture that adorned his temporary studio in St. Vincent Street, which
was opened to the public. We at the time took notice of this exhibition, and called attention to the
excellence of the works exhibited there. Among the most prominent of his works were — the Birth
of Burns, in alto-relievo ; a life-sized group, Blind Girls reading the Scriptures ; life-sized group in
marble, Madonna and Child ; life-sized figure, Grief, or Rachel weeping for her Children ; the statue
to Sir James Shaw at Kilmarnock; the bust of Professor Wilson (Christopher North); bust of Allan
Cunningham ; do. of Motherwell; do. of William Kennedy, Esq., author of Fitful Fancies, &c; pos
thumous busts of James Hogg, Sir Walter Seott, and Robert Burns ; statuette in bronze of the race
horse Flying Dutchman, the property of the Earl of Eglinton ; bas reliefs, illustrative of catching
the wild horse in the Texan prairies, &c, &e, Besides these he had executed numerous commissions
for gentlemen connected with this district and the metropolis. In the portrait department of his art,
Mr. Fillans stood on a position of the highest, excellence. He was at the same time possessed of, a
highly poetic mind, and his imaginatve groups evinced great originality in conception, and freedom
in the mode of treatment. His execution was remarkable for its anatomical accuracy, delicacy, soft
ness of touch, and careful finish.
" Mr. Fillans owes his eminence to his own genius and indomitable perseverance 
" Besides his eminence as a sculptor, Mr. Fillans had attained great proficiency as a painter, and
received and executed commissions in that department of art. His oil paintings are truthful to
nature, and are possessed of great breadth of effect in light and shade. In this department alone Mr.
Fillans might have made himself distinguished 
" At the period of his demise he would be about 44 years of age, and appeared to be a man of strong
and robust constitution. He was most obliging in his manners, modest and unassuming in his de
portment, and possessed extensive information on almost all subjects connected with literature, science,
and art. What makes the case still more lamentable, is the fact that he leaves behind him a widow
and eight young children, to lament his untimely death. Seven of his children are boys, the eldest of
whom at present resides at Paris.
" The deceased enjoyed the friendship of a large circle of artistic and literary gentlemen, among
whom were the late Sir Francis Chantrey, the late Wm. Etty, Esq., R.A., the late Wm. Mother
well, Esq., Professor Wilson, Wm. Kennedy, Esq., &c, &c.
" We believe that the last commission the deceased undertook, was for the statuary of a magnificent
monument to be erected over the grave of the late Mr. Alexander, of the Theatre-Royal, Dunlop
Street. But ere time is afforded to get even the rough material for this work, the grave will have
closed over what was earthly of the gifted sculptor, yet his genius will remain impressed upon the
enduring marble which, in former years, his hand endowed with almost the faculty of life."

104 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
The same journal, of October 5, gives the following account of the funeral: —
"THE LATE MR. FILLANS.
" The funeral of this distinguished sculptor took place yesterday at Paisley, when it was attended
by a large concourse of the most influential gentlemen belonging to Glasgow and Paisley, besides
many from a considerable distance. The party met at three o'clock in the Abercorn Assembly Rooms,
where the hearse arrived shortly before that hour with the body, from the residence of the deceased
in Glasgow. Among the company we observed many of the leading merchants, manufacturers, and
artists of Glasgow, the Provost and several of the magistrates, town council, and clergymen of various
denominations of Paisley. The gentlemen present could not be fewer than two hundred — many of
whom came voluntarily to pay respect to the genius and memory of the deceased. The event seemed
to create a general and melancholy interest in the town, in consequence of Mr. Fillans' connection
with it from early boyhood ; in fact, the deceased always looked upon Paisley as the place of his
nativity. The interment took place in Woodside Cemetery, in a vault which deceased erected about a
year ago for the reception of his father's remains, and which he intended should have been decorated
with one of the finest sculptured efforts of his genius — Grief — the model for which was completed, and
the marble ready for the operation of the mallet and chisel. We learn that the liveliest sympathy
has been evinced by numerous influential gentlemen in behalf of Mr. Fillans' widow and family, and
that measures are likely to be adopted in various ways to see them comfortably provided for. In the
exhibition of the West of Scotland Academy of Artists, to be opened one of these days, we understand
that numerous productions of the deceased will be exhibited, and that the academicians intend to
do what is in their power to dispose of copies of some of his best works for behoof of the bereaved
family." FiHans attained a prominent place in society, although he did not accumulate
money. He may have failed in attaining — or rather time and circumstances permitted
him not the opportunity of doing so — that commanding position at which he aimed
as a sculptor ; but the spontaneous demonstration of so large and respectable an
assemblage at his funeral, was in itself an acknowledgment of his fame of no ordinary
character, and we have no doubt that posterity will do ample justice to his merits.
By way of resume, we may here remark, fearless of contradiction, that the profes
sional character of FiHans deserves to be enrolled amongst the highest. We have
seen much of both ancient and modern art, and feel no hesitation in saying that his
works stand unsurpassed. Where he had fall scope for his modelling powers, as in
the case of Professor Wilson, his productions are faultlessly true, and full of spirit*
Nature had gifted him with great powers of observation and memory, without which
no man can be a statuary ; while his genius — his imagination — was of the highest
and purest order, as is amply evidenced in his varied creations, of fancy. With this
Memoir — faulty as it is, and the numerous illustrations by which it is accompanied
— before the world, we feel no alarm for the permanent reputation of the deceased.
The eye and the hand of genius are visible in aU his productions, in that Hfe-Hke

* A particular example of this occurred at a private dinner party, where they were conversing on
Professor Wilson. Some were descanting on his appearance. Fillans said nothing, but took a pencil
and paper, and made a sketch of the Professor — so life-like. He handed it to one of the gentlemen,
who sent it round the table. One of the party said, " Now, Fillans, I cannot insult you by offering money;
but pray accept this ring (taking a massive gold ring from his own finger, and placing it on the
sculptor's), as a token of my admiration of your great pencilling powers."

DEATH OF FILLANS. 105
flexibility and expression imparted to the marble, so rarely to be found in the works
of even world-renowned artists.
We are delighted to record that, immediately after the funeral, several gentle
men assembled, by a circular signed " Geo. Coats " and " M. Barr," in the office of
the Messrs. Coats, when a committee was immediately formed for the purpose of
raising a fund for the benefit of the widow and family, whose exertions were speedily
crowned by the realization of a sum which has placed them for a time beyond the
fear of want ; and we have great pleasure in stating that these gentlemen continue
to take a very warm interest in the young family.
Next to the overwhelming anxiety for his unprovided wife and children, which
greatly disturbed the latter end of Fillans, he deeply grieved that he had not been
spared to finish the statue which he meant to erect over his father's grave. He was
frequently heard to exclaim — " 0 that strength were permitted me to place that
piece of marble over my father's tomb !" As the model and marble are still at hand*
it is to be hoped that the sculptor's last wishes may be fulfilled in this respect. We
have no doubt that someof our Scottish artists would willingly undertake the cutting
of the marble for a moderate sum ; and the statue would be a memorial to FiHans, as
weU as to his father and family.
The commissions on hand at his death were, as already mentioned, a statue of the
late Mr. Alexander, of the Theatre-Royal ; and statues of Miss Matilda Higginbotham,
Master Ker, Miss Sprott, Miss Zoe, J. Davidson, &c. He had nearly finished an
excellent portrait of Mrs. George Coats, and was engaged, as formerly stated, in
painting a group of Mr. Ker's family, besides having various orders for busts, private
monuments, and portraits in oil. He had thus quite enough of work on hand to
dispel any evil forebodings to which he may have been subjected previously ; but
once touched -by an apprehension of neglect and consequent want, it is rare that the
sensitive mind can thoroughly shake off the terrible impressions received. Amongst
his papers is an imaginary pen-and-ink sketch of himself in court as a debtor, and
the decree of the judge about to be recorded against him, with his malignant creditor
and tip-staffs ready to pounce upon him. He had never been in court for debt. His
papers show a most honourable feeling in reference to his engagements, and his utmost
endeavours were exerted to meet aU demands. This sketch, however, records his
feehngs at a moment of temporary embarrassment.
What helped to deepen the occasional gloom by which his mind was clouded for
some years before his death, was an evident presentiment that his days were not to
be long upon earth. Some circumstances now recalled, but not understood at the
time, throw as it were a retrospective light upon certain things. His withdrawal of
the family from London ; from amongst strangers — to a circle of friends — perhaps
proceeded from an instinctive feeling of this kind. At any rate, the event has proved
that the step was a wise one. He was never an egotist, but latterly he had been ob
served to look upon some of his works with an eye of evident satisfaction, as if pleased
with what he had done, and not likely to be familiar with them for any length of
time. Occasional expressions, or rather expressions half expressed, and unintelligible
o

106 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
at the time, are now remembered, which show that the idea of premature dissolution
was at least frequently entertained. When in Paisley some time previously, with
his good lady, he visited the cemetery, and standing on the grave of his father,
gave utterance, while his heart sweUed within him, to something like a prediction
of his early fate. He seems to have felt as Burns did in addressing the " Mountain
Daisy:"— " EVn thou who mourn'st the daisy's fate,
That fate is thine, no distant date ;
Stern ruin's ploughshare drives, elate,
Full on thy bloom,
Till, crush 'd beneath the furrow's weight,
Shall be thy doom!"
We feel as if the wound were too green to indulge in the recoHection of the more
facetious moments of FiHans ; and yet our narrative, our portrait of the man, would
be imperfect without some allusion to them. Wholly intellectual himseff, his delight
was in the society of intellectual individuals. Indeed, relaxation became absolutely
necessary to a person so mentaUy constituted as he was. The bow cannot always be
bent. In these moments of unbending, no one could have desired better society, not
only because of the philosophical turn which he generally gave to conversation, being
well informed upon most subjects, while he rarely alluded to his own immediate pur
suits, and his happy convivial humour, but because you felt satisfied that he would
not be less your friend in the hour of distress than he was in the moment of festivity.
In this way, by his sterling worth, he attached a numerous circle of friends around
him wherever he might happen to be located for the time.
Many anecdotes of his love of innocent practical joking are within our own know
ledge ; but we feel that the time is not yet come to indulge in their recital. We
cannot, however, refrain from the following. It was amongst the last of his mirthful
moods. Not long before his death, Fillans, accompanied by his wife and daughter, took a
trip by steam-boat as far as Greenock. He was then complaining, though no one
expected any fatal termination to his illness. His object seemed to be to revisit some
of the scenes with which he had been familiar in early life ; for, it will be recoHected,
he wrought as a mason for some time there before he was heard of as a sculptor. ' The
steps of the party were accordingly directed to the gas-works, and having intimated
to the manager a desire to see through the establishment, his request was not only
pohtely granted, but that official walked with them over the ground himself, point
ing out the various objects worthy of note. At length they came to a wall, one of the
original boundaries of the works, which were then being removed back some distance
so as to afford more space. In digging up a portion of the wall, the manager stated
that they had come upon what they supposed to have been the foundation-stone, for
in a cavity they found a deposit — a rather singular one, consisting of a smaU piece
of sculpture* and a bad shilling, which were relaid, with masonic honours, along
with various coins of the present reign ! Fillans, who was all gravity hitherto.

DEATH OF FrLLANS. 107
burst out into an immoderate fit of laughter. The gentleman looked amazed, and his
own friends were equaUy surprised. " Sir," said Fillans, as soon as he could com
mand breath, " pardon my rudeness. Know that I was an apprentice mason at the
bunding of these works, and having got a bad shilling one Saturday night in payment
of my wages, I deposited it, along with the small piece of chisel work, in the cavity
which has just been discovered.' It was a boyish frolic ; originating in the idea that
it might turn up some day to puzzle and astonish future antiquaries ! " The manager
and the party joined very heartily in the laugh, and the incident seemed to give
a merry tone to Fillans the whole of the day. Wherever he went, he astonished his
his acquaintances by his flow of spirits, animation, and wit.
Under the direction of the committee appointed to wind up the affairs of the
artist, the whole of his remaining works were brought to sale, in 120, St. Vincent
Street, on Wednesday, the 16th March, 1852. They were advertised in the fol
lowing lots : —
1. Taming the Wild Horse, a Frieze, about 30 feet long, a series of Basso-Relievos. (See Kennedy's
Texas) *
2. Original Bust of Sir Walter Scott.
3. Original Bust of James Hogg, the Ettrick Shepherd.
4. Original Bust of Robert Burns.
5. Original Bust of Allan Cunningham.
6. Original Bust of John Burnet, author of Essays on Composition, Colour, Light and Shade,
&e. &c.
7. Original Bust of William Kennedy, author of History of Texas, Fitful Fancies, and several
minor Poems.
8. Original Bust of William Motherwell.
9. Original Bust of Kirkman Finlay, Esq.
10. Coila Crowning Burns, a large Basso-Relievo.
11. Head of Michael Angelo Buonarotti, in marble.
12. The Original Model of Michael Angelo, in marble.
13. Morning, Childhood, a Fancy Bust.
14. Morning, Head in Clay.
15. Statuette of R A. Oswald, Esq., of Auchincruive.
16. The Young Ornithologist, a Fancy Figure.
17. A Basso-Relievo, original design from Burns' Twa Dogs.
18. Morning, a fragment.
' 19. The Mother and Child, a monumental Basso-relievo.
20. Athena before Paris.
21. Various Fragments, consisting of Hands, Feet, Masks, Torso, &c.
22. Original Model Bracket for a Bust.

* These were purchased by Peter Coats, Esq., Paisley, an early and warm friend of the sculptor,
and have found an appropriate resting-place, amongst other works of art, in a splendid mansion
recently finished at Woodside, the property of that gentleman.
02

108 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
23. The Tarn o' Shanter Jug, beautifully illustrated after the manner of Cellini.
24. Three old Paintings, Portraits, supposed to be of the time of Lely.
25. Various sketches in Clay.
26. Portrait of the late Archibald Campbell, Esq., of Blythswood — Painted by Mid Fillans.
27. A Cartoon, the Pleiades carrying Mercury to Earth.
28. A Cartoon, Temple of Apollo.
29. A few sketches in Oil and Fresco.
30. Two Sculptor's Pointing Machines, with three Poles.
31. Two Iron Pulleys.
32. Various Stools and Benches for Sculptors.
33. A large Set of Screens, Old Doors, Boxes, &c.
The sale did not realize so much as might have been expected.

APPENDIX.

LIBER NOYUS

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APPENDIX.

LIBER NOVUS.

The history of the " Liber Novus " is as follows : —
Many years ago Mr. Fillans was presented with an album by Miss Augusta Hous
ton, Mains-Hamilton, Beith, on the part of herself and two sisters,- with a request
that he would favour them with one or two sketches, as they were anxious to form
a coUection both artistical and poetical. Fillans entered warmly into the design of
the fair sisters, and promised to aid their views to the utmost of his ability. He took'
the volume to London with him ; but, being busy at the time, it was laid aside^ and
well-nigh forgotten. At length, after a lapse of three or four years, Miss Houston
wrote to him, reminding him of his promise, and expressing fears that she had seen
the last of* the album. The artist now began to think seriously of the matter ; and
the lost book suggested the series of sketches entitled " Liber Novus." As he pro
gressed with the iUustrations, the subject seemed to grow upon his hands ; and im
parting an idea of the plot to his friend William Kennedy, author of Fitful Fancies,
the latter was so much pleased with the design, and the progress which had been made
in it, that he volunteered to write a poem, by way of letter-press, to the illustrations,
and had proceeded so far as partiaUy to draw out the " argument " for the first two
cantos. CANTO I. — ARGUMENT.
Liber Novus — its description— Abaleis dedicates it to the muses.-
Diego undertakes to place it on the shrine of the muses— in the meantime weds Arega, and neglects
the task.
Plate 1. While discoursing of love and past days, Diego and Arega see a foreboding of evil in the
burning embers.*
— 2. Mercury steals the, Liber Novus, Diego being overcome by Morpheus.
 3. Diana, commissioned by the muses, speeds to inform the Virgin Sisters, Abaleis, Neaj,
and Ra thamt of the loss, but undertakes to recover it.J,
 4, Diana, proceeding to obtain the aid of Jove, is threatened for a time by Boreas, at the insti
gation of Mercury,§
 5_ The three Virgins, returning home, relate the adventure to their parents.

* Seest thou foreboding evil in these embers '\
Arega, love ! I would that it were morning.— Fillans.
t Isabella, Jean, and Martha.
X  =  Diana,
As burnished silver on the rippling wave
Appeared, and thus proclaimed.— Fillans.
§ The goddess paused, proud Boreas to chsitise.— Fillans.

112 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
Plate 6. Diego resolves to go in quest of the Liber Novus.*
— 7. Arega, finding that Diego will go forth,, instigates him to supplicate the gods for success.t
— 8. Diego, after long and toilsome wanderings, is intercepted by the gloomy lake Avemus, where
spirits appear, and forbid him to cross.J
— 9. Allured by the spirits, Diego ventures on the lake.§
— 10. Mercury, disguised, offers the Liber Novus for sale to the shepherds of Ultima Thule, but is
detected by Diana from the clouds.||
— 11. Diana, having recovered the Liber Novus, banishes Mercury. IT
— 12. Diana gives the Pleiades the Liber Novus to carry to Diego, and wends her way to Olympus.**
— 13. Discord carries off Love, leaving a torch with Arega, which causes great tribulation.
— 14. The Pleiades, while silently restoring the Liber Novus, descry Love reproaching Arega.+t
Such is a digest of Canto I., of which aU the illustrations are complete. Of
Canto II,, only a few rough pencilhngs remain, and the "argument," is rather imperfect.
CANTO II.  ARGUMENT.
Plate 1. Abaleis, despairing of the recovery of the Liber Novus, goes to consult the oracle at Delphos,
accompanied by Neaj and attendants.
— 2. Vulcan and the Cyclops provide a chariot for their transport.
— 3. Neptune refuses Mercury his assistance.
-.--— 4. Mercury goes to the King of Ultima Thule, and persuades him that the island is composed
of bread.
— 5. The King of Ultima Thule sends out many large ships, and in a desperate battle routs the
aborigines, who, in despair, flee for protection to Neptune.
— 6. The fleet, in a few days, remove the whole island on board.
* He is opposed by Arega, who exclaims,
Full oft on the field of battle thou hast triumphed —
Am I not worthy of thy retention ?
The small figures at the foot of the pillar represent Apollo putting on the helmet of war, and Cupid
taking the sulks. The aerial forms on the left are Jealousy, &c, flying away with domestic happiness.
t Pray to the gods, as if thine arm lacked power.
Godd Axega, I do — still act I ne'er the less,
As though the gods possessed no power to aid me. — Fillans.
X From this bituminous lake came hissing forth
A whirlwind of sprites to guide his way ;
No light was there for them and for him — none,
Save the fair diadem of Night's sable Queen. — Fillans.
§ As wild ducks wending to their parent lake,
In one continued chain their course pursue-
So they, ere he should from his dream awake,
Led on. — Fillans.
|| Silenus, grumbling much at the expense,
Said, buy it not — -the gods will take offence
At such idolatry. — Fillans.
IT  To expiate for this great spoliation,
Imperial Jove commands that thou retire
To  and  ; or dread his ire ! — Fillans.
** A cartoon of this plate was drawn in chalk by Mr. Fillans, and presented to the Paisley School
of Design, by Mr. Forbes, manufacturer, Paisley, where it still is.
tt Silent as the owl's wing they did their duty. — Fillans.

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APPENDIX— LIBER NOVUS, &c. 113
Plate 7. Neptune, at the instigation ofthe aborigines, assails them on their voyage hence.
— 8. Diego, finding himself deceived by the spirits of Lake Avernus, endures great hardships, but
is rescued by Apollo.
— -9. Arega, on discovering the restored Liber Novus, accuses her maidens of having practised
deceit, but ultimately' forgives them, and goes into deep mourning, supposing Diego lost for
ever. '
— 10. Diego returning, occasions general rejoicing, in the midst of which Mercury, to gratify the
curiosity of Juno, again purloins the Liber Novus.
Of Canto 1-11/ no outline whatever remains, but that it had been designed to. afford
ample scope for a " Tour of Fancy," there can be little doubt.
In the scroll of a letter, without date, addressed to the late Matthew Cochrane, Esq.,
Paisley, a warm friend of the artist,* we find the following allusion to the Liber Novus,
as weH as to some other works on which Fillans was engaged at the time. He says : —
"Your -papers (Mr. Cochrane's) in the Renfrewshire Advertiser afforded me great pleasure, and- 1
anticipated that you would have followed them up by similar sketches of Peru, which would, I am
sure, be very interesting, it being a country but little known to the ' . . . . . I should like
very much if you would send me a sketch pictorial, however rude, of the deep, dry pit and temple
which you speak of as having been lately discovered in Malta, with some idea of the character of the
ground about them, and say whether or not the sea is seen from them, and how far distant. I want
- tthis'for my Liber Novus, as I think a good scene _ or two might be made out of them. I shall restore
the buildings, but cannot, unless I know the position and something of the form they now assume.
If not too much .trouble, I shall take it kind your favouring me thus. I do not expect anything very
correct from memory, but a hint will do.
"I have been very throng since my return here (London). Sir James Shaw's statue, eight feet
high, has been modelled for months past. The busts which I brought with me are nearly-all finished.
I have commenced some figures, historic and fanciful, life-size— -one of which is Lord puijford Dudley
in the Tower (husband of Lady Jane Grey) engraving the name of Jane, which he did on the wall of
his cell about an hour before his execution. Next 'Rachel weeping for her Children, and would not
be comforted because they were not ;' a splendid subject. She is a gorgeous woman. ,,
" Then' comes Morning. She is a young woman, about fourteen years or so, just awakened — not
only from a dream of the night, but from those of her childhood into womanhood. On her couch she
lays naked as truth, and Like fairest morn concealing herself in mists,
"-- Intwines her arms to hide her bu4ding breasts:
Innocently musing on life's sunny day,
While hope's gay smile diverts her mind' away
From thorns that may bestrew her rosy path. — Liber Novus.
Do correct these lines for me, as I am not sure ofthe author's ability to do so — begging his pardon!
" These three figures, you must know, are speculations— so you are not at liberty to speak of them
at present. I wish tp exhibit them first; — then say as much as you please."
* He was a gentleman of considerable literary and scientific acquirements, and universally esteemed.
Amongst the papers ofthe late Mr. FUlans we find the following
EPITAPH ON MATTHEW COCHRANE.
"A man whose heart was most sincerely kind ;
Friendship and love adorned his polish'd mind ;
Skilful in arts, and powerful with his pen ;
A patron oft of literary men.
At home beloved, abroad the friend of all ;
Enlarged in soul, although in stature small ;
Full many a friend shall mourn his early doom,
And charity and love weep o'er his tomb ! "
P

114 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
Plates 15 — "Love Piloting the Soul," and 16 — "Love's Dream," the latter from a pencilling by
Fillans in a lady's album. As such it was exceedingly appropriate, and is in itself a unique speci
men ofthe artist's powerful but elegant and playful fancy. "Love Piloting the Soul" is from a bas-
relief, whieh genius alone could conceive and execute. "Love's Dream" is equally beautiful.

We append some stray leaves, which could not well be introduced into the body of
the Memoir, as stiU further iUustrative ofthe literary vein of Mr. FiUans.
Marriage-lines, or certificates of marriage, are generaHy preserved with great care
by. ladies in the honourable position of matrons. It so happened that those of Mrs.
Fillans disappeared from their place of security, and no one knew where they had
gone to. After the death of Mr. Fillans, they were found carefuHy rolled up in a
copy of the foHowing verses, in the hand- writing, and with the signature of the de
ceased : — " ANE SANG — TO MY AIN GRACIE.
" Air — ' Draw the sword Scotland.'
" Chorus — Come to the mountains, mountains, mountains,
Come to the mountains, Gracie, wi' me.
" A braw bower I'll build thee,
Frae the. st6rin it will shield thee ;
My braid lands I'll yield thee —
0 come, O come wi' me.
Come to the mountains, &c.
" Maids thou'lt hae to tend thee —
Yeomen to defend thee ;
He who'd dare, offend thee,
My mortal foe shall be !
Come to the mountains, &c.
" No tyrant dare near thee,
All will love or fear thee,
All nature will cheer thee,
Like the winds thou'lt be free !
Come to the mountains, mountains, mountains,
Come to the mountains, Gracie, wi' me !
Come to the mountains, mountains, mountains,
Come to the mountains, Gracie, wi' me !
"Thee I Adore.
" Paisley, December 14, 1850. " James Fillans.''
The foHowing scroH of a letter to the Editor of the Ayrshire News Letter, published
monthly by Mr. Dick, Irvine, reminds one of the Spectator, and is admirably concep-
tive of the character assumed ; —
" To the Editor of the Ayrshire News Letter.
" My Dear Mr. Editor, — Your News Letter to me has often been a source of great delight, in this
wilderness of brick houses and mortar men; still those articles of yours in which I would feel most
delight are, I am sorry to say, the most difficult to get at— I mean your Marriages, Births, and
Deaths. I am a lone woman, rather past the age of childishness ; inhaled thirty of my merriest days

o,'°Z6".

AGnflore SiiCapafliiaia.fttfk-

3am.es BEans .

Lave.KLotfcag •the £oti-

$
H

THE GALE. 115
in Ayrshire, and though I have, by a small freehold property left me here, been absent for a score of
years or so, yet I have not forgotten the names of any of my old acquaintances. The very sight of
their names in your News Letter makes me, as I am, and they appear as young and handsome, and as
unlikely to change our lives, as when I left. Yet, my dear Mr. Editor, since I have come to the cross
ing of my -note, I must, I suppose, come to what you would call the point. I said that I recollected
the names of all my old acquaintances, and they were not a few. The marriages and deaths are
numerous amongst them ; but I am glad to find that generally there are two to one in favour of the
former. Still, I often feel annoyed (even with my favourite cat) after reading two or three lines, stat
ing place, clergyman's name, &c, to find that they lead to names of persons whom I ken or care
nothing about. Why not put the names of the principal persons first — then the place — then the
rev. gentleman. (I would not upon any account wish him out of the way)— I mean in your marriage
list. As for your births, they now give me very little concern, therefore arrange them as you think best.
But I would wish, for the sake of giving railway speed information to your readers in those matters
which concern us most, to place the names of those who get married or die before the names of the
locality in which those serious matters take place, particularly the marriages. By doing so, you will
confer a great favour. — I am, my dear Mr. Editor, a constant reader, " Eliza C-  m, Spinstress.
" P.S. — (Excuse^the third crossing). Let your arrangements be thus: — In your marriages, place the
names of the ladies 'first. You may think this selfish. Not at all; for, by way of balance, in your list
of deaths give the gentlemen the precedence ! - "E  C  ."

THE GALE.
This graphic description of a storm, encountered in one of Fillan's numerous trips
between Glasgow and Livei-pool, has been forwarded to us by the friend in Paisley
to whom it was addressed: —
" Our good ship the Admiral, from Glasgow bound for Liverpool, 6 p.m., January 1, 1848. — The
density of the fog on-the Clyde prevented her from sailing that evening. Next morning, by the
second bell, she moved slowly and majestically from the quay. Being Sabbath morn, all was silent
around ; nay, the engines seemed to make less noise than is usual on such an occasion. (They were
little required, the tide being with us.) The orders of the Captain were given by telegraph — a hand
up or down, towards the larboard or starboard side, was all that was wanted to direct both engineer
and helmsman. This silent, spectre-like movement produced a melancholy on my mind which in
creased as we proceeded down the river — a river which we seemed to possess alone ; all besides was
lifeless. (I may here state that the Captain and I were on the most friendly terms — he is an able sea
man, and a warm friend.) The morning was dull ; a slight breeze from the south ; a point to the
west. After leaving my friend Park, the poet, at Greenock, we soon rounded the Cloch lighthouse,
wind right a-head. Shortly afterwards, we observed a ship making for Rothesay Bay ; heavy clouds
before us ; passengers showing symptons of sickness. Arrived at Little Cumbrae, a heavy sea and
boisterous squall, which made the Captain lift his major hand towards the top-masts and yards. In
a few minutes these were lowered, every loose rope made fast, and the deck cleared. The men did
their work steadily and with stillness. Though I said nothing, I thought that all this was not for the
mere purpose of making the ship look tidy. Oh a little further, and the rigging sounded like an
iEolian harp, the silvery waves leaped over the forecastle, singing the tenor notes, and the deep, hol
low sound of the paddles, as they struggled through the waters, grumbled out the bass. To this
sublime musie the ship danced beautifully. ' We will,' said the Captain to me, as I paced the quarter
deck with him (wrapped up in my old cloak)—' we will, if the squall does not soon abate, make for
Lochryan Bay.' However, before we reached that destination, the squall subsided. We went to dinner.
I was placed on the Captain's right. Mess was not over when one of the passengers came as a depute
from others on deck. With faltering voice he said, ' Captain— several of— of— of— the gents— on—
deck wish that you would— put 'em ashore.' He left hurriedly, but in a few minutes returned, re
peating, but less distinctly, his former request. On returning to deck, though the wind was up a httle,
P 2

116 MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
there was no apparent danger ; on, on we went, breasting the waves like ' a thing of life.' We had
passed the bay ; a heavy sea, dark clouds, wind increasing, and night coming on : quickly the mariners
moved to and fro : not a word was'heard as they lashed to the deck any loose articles that were there.
My feelings became a little excited as I observed them putting the boats (four in all) in readiness to
be launched at a moment's notice. In one of the boats the mate placed two gratings, a number of
spars, and other spare pieces of wood, with two leads. The leads he placed carefully, and returned
twice, so as to be satisfied that they were all right. This made me a little eerie ; but I durst not in
quire what the gratings and spars were for : they told their own tale. This done, and all secured,
the wind, as if in mockery, fell off, and in less than a quarter of an hour the heavens seemed breath
less, yes, breathless ; as a powerful and determined man, about to perform a great action of strength,
holds his breath for a time, then, like a lion bounding from his hidden place, rushes on the foe. So
did the Prince of Air that night.
" For a time we were lulled to rest : all on board joyous that they had escaped a boisterous night.
8 p.m., the wind again began to whistle through the rigging (still a-head), and the waves to wash the
deck, the bulkheads creaking, passengers trembling, staggering, and inquiring if we were safe. The
seamen paced the deck steadily, quietly, ready for action. About midnight, as we passed the Mull of
Galloway, the squalls became tremendous. I took my seat in the lee of the entrance to the cabin (aft).
The waves, in one unbroken sheet, sprung from the bow right over head, landing, at the feet of ^the
helmsman, striking with terror the boldest hearts. When I looked on the dark night, the mountain
ous waves were only visible by their snow-clad summits. I breathed a prayer to Him who can still
the waves, and ' bind up the winds in the hollow of his hand.' I breathed a prayer for all on board —
for my wife, my boys, and Mina, then I became resigned and fearless. Right and left I was beset, in
this sheltered place, by Job's comforters. Whether they thought I had interest with the Deity as a
priest, or with the Captain as a friend, or with both, I knew not ; but I know that many of these
passengers came to me and inquired seriously ' if I thought that we possibly could be saved.' Fear
not ; put your faith in God and the Captain's ability as a seaman ; we have a good ship, &c. Such
were my answers — ' We'll never see land again,' said a young man on my right. ' Another such wave,
and then we are all lost. Ah, I wish that I had known this, I should not have been here ; we'll be
a' lost ! I ll never come by sea again.' I could scarcely resist a smile at the last part of his
speech. One on my left, at the same time, was equally terrified. I assured him that we could not
save ourselves by fears ; but by trusting in Providence and the means applied by the mariners. ' Will
you,' said I, ' when you arrive on shore, become a better man than you have hitherto been?' ' I will,'
he eagerly-replied. — ' Then begin now, and you may yet be saved.' This conversation lasted for a consider
able time. No abatement of the storm ; so to instil faith into my companions, I said that I should
retire to bed, and expected to see them in Liverpool, desiring them to follow my example. No, they
sat nursing their fears ; to bed I went (not undressed), slept (not soundly) ; wave after wave lashed
the ship, making her reel, as if affected with giddiness. One wave took her on the larboard bow, which
made her reel considerably ; chains, cables, and a passenger, who lay in a berth opposite to me, rolled
heavily on the floor. Suffice it to say, I was wakened from my dreams by a tremendous crash, as if
the ship had split from bow to stern, and the water falling with great noise on deck over where I lay
I started up, saw by the line of the bed opposite that the bow of the ship was much lower than the
stern. The engines had ceased to be heard. She is going down, bow foremost, thought I. I'll on
deck, not that I thought to be saved, but that I might secure one of the spars which I saw the mate
put into the small boat, trusting that it would bear me up for a time ; so that I might calmly resign
my soul to Him who gave it. Ere I crossed the cabin, I heard the engines struggling for life and
liberty. They succeeded in bringing the ship right.
" This feverishness lasted till daylight, when she got into smooth water, and by 10 a.m. into Liver
pool; I into London by 8 p.m."

The following hastily written lines were, we beHeve, the last effort of Fillans' pen.
They arose out of a conversation with his daughter, to whom they are addressed.

LINES ADDRESSED TO MISS- FILLANS,- &o. 117
He was staying for a day or two at the time at the house of Mr. Lang, Port-Glasgow.
The moral conveyed is highly philosophical as weU as poetical, and indicates a mind
keenly alive to religious impressions, abstract as they might be. Indeed, not a few
passages in the preceding narrative show that Fillans was strongly imbued with a
sense of infinite power; and has ideas of a great First Cause were, like all his other -
conceptions, magnificent : — PorttGlasgow, Sunday, August 29, 1852.
text.
Soul — I would I had ne'er been bom.
Angel— Why 1
Soul — Because the world I dislike.
Angel — Save that thou soon repent,
Deeper and darker thou'lt be sent.
Soul — Beauty has not adorned me,
Hence my discontent.
Angela- Thy Maker formed thy body so, that thou might purify it by word and deed, thou being
eternal, it the corpse of a day, waked by dawn, noon, and night. A dark, dark night, then thou'lt
leave it, and return rejoicing that thou hast seen a nether world, and be transported to some other orb
of greater bliss — repeated in humanity.
Soul — Then hallowed be the name of the Lord, &c, blessed be the name of my Saviour ;
Grateful to thee, 0 angel, that I am not lost.
And grateful to Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. Hallelujah, &c. .

In the June number of Bentley' s Magazine there is an anecdote of Professor Wil
son, exceedingly complimentary to Fillans as an artist. It is as follows : —
" It is well known that Blackwood's back shop was wont to be the resort of all the Tory literati of
Edinburgh; and that works of art, consisting of portraits, or busts, or even sketches of the members
of their own party, used to be exhibited as soon as they were published. On one occasion were dis
played a portrait and a bust — the first by an Edinburgh painter, named Clinton, who used to say that
he was ' the only gentleman in the profession ;' the second by a young sculptor of great promise, a
townsman of Wilson's, named Fillans. Wilson was praising the bust with great vehemence and
enthusiasm, when Clinton's father, who was present, said, 'I think, sir, you might say a few words
about my son's portrait.' ' Sir,' said Wilson, 'your son's portrait is the portait of a gentleman painted
by a gentleman ; but that, sir/turning to the bust, 'is the head of a Greek god.'"

INDEX.

Introduction, i MEMOIR OF JAMES FILLANS.
Origin ofthe Name — his Father,
Boyhood of the Sculptor, .
Fillans at.the Loom,
Fillans a Working Mason,
Fillans in his 'First Studio,
Studio in Glasgow,
Fillans on his Tour,
Paris,
Returns to London — Opens a Studio,
Increasing Success of the Sculptor,
Studio in Glasgow,
Visit to Italy — Bust of Oswald,
The Sculptor in the Dumps, .
Group of the Blind Teaching the Blind,
Lament of "Jeanie Morris'on,"
Dinner to Fillans,
Monument to Captain Wilson at Beith,
Professor Wilson, ....
Brilliant Prospects — Patronage on the Increase,
The Rowan Tree, ....
Meeting the Queen—*' To My Wife,"
The Burns Family — Imaginary Interview, .
Symptoms of Gloom, . . '. .
Inauguration of the Statue of Sir James Shaw,
Inauguration of the Bust of Professor Wilson,
Dinner in Honour of Fillans at Bums' Cottage,
Visit of the Queen, ....
Foreshadowings — Sunshine and Gloom, .
Taming the Wild Horse,
Model of the Flying Dutchman, .
Hopes and Fears, ....
Monument to Motherwell,
Death and Funeral of the Elder Fillans,
Removal from London,
Death of Fillans, ....

PAOK iii

1417
20
23
24 2527
313339
39
42434748
525353
5459
55 61
647072
7578
85
8590
93
98
98
101

APPENDIX— LIBER NOVUS.

Liber Novus, &c, .
Ane Sang — To My A in Gracie,
To the Editor ofthe Ayrshire News,
The Gale,
Lines Addressed to Miss Fillans,
Anecdote of Professor Wilson, &c,

111114114
115
117
117

LIST OF PLATES

i.
ii.
hi.IV. V.
VI.
VII.
VIII. IX. X.
XI.
XII.
XIII.XIV. XV.
XVI.
XVII.
XVIII. XIX. XX.
XXI.
XXII.
XXIII. XXIV. xxv.
xxvi.
XXVII.
XXVIII.

James 'Fillans, .
St. Fillans, .
Teaching French,
Portrait op Fillans while in Paris,
Scene in the Louvre,
Octogenarian Frenchman,
Birth of Bubns, , .:
Tam o' Shanter Jug, ' d
Coila Crowning- Burns,
Dr. Kerr's Testimonial,
Lady Margery Bruce, .
Nora MacIvor,
Statuette op R, A. Oswald, Esq.,
The Grave op R. A. Oswald, Esq.,
Blind Teaching' Blind,
Boy and Fawn,
Sir James Shaw, Bart.,
Professor Wilson, .
Name Child of Archibald M'Lellan, Esq.,
Taming Wild Horse,
Do. do. do.,
Do. do. do.,
Do. do. do.,
Madonna and Child,
Motherwell's Monument,
Do. do.
Do. do.
Rachel Weeping,

LIBER NOVUS.
Title-Page, .......
1. Diego and Arego see foreboding Evil, &c,
2. Mercury steals the Liber Novus,
3. Diana speeds to inform the Virgins,
4, Diana threatened by Boreas, ....
5. The Three Virgins relate the Adventure,
6. Diego goes in quest of the Liber Novus,
7. Arego instigating Diego, ....
8. Diego intercepted by the Lake Avernus,
9. Diego ventures on the Lake,
10. Mercury, disguised, offers the Liber Novus,
11. Diana banishing Mercury, ....
12. Diana gives the Pleiades, &c,
13. Discord carries off Love, . .
14. The Pleiades restoring the Liber Novus,
15. Love piloting the Soul, ....
16. Dream of Love, ......
ERRATUM.
The Sketch referred to in a foot-note at page 40 is mentioned by mistake
not given.

Frontispiece

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9

29
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40
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45 64
7081 85
85
85 85
, 92 94
94 9498
111 111
111 111
111
111112 112 112
112
112 112112 112112
114 114
by mistake.
The I
'late is
YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

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